diff --git "a/Small/gpt-neo/MedMCQA.json" "b/Small/gpt-neo/MedMCQA.json" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/Small/gpt-neo/MedMCQA.json" @@ -0,0 +1,16228 @@ +[ + { + "question": "Which of the following is not true about glomerular capillaries')", + "gold_answer": "The oncotic pressure of the fluid leaving the capillaries is less than that of fluid entering it", + "os_answer": "The glomerular capillaries are the smallest vessels in the body. They are found in the kidney, the lungs, the brain, the heart, and the intestines. They are the only vessels that do not have a lumen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 29 yrs old woman with a pregnancy of 17 week has a 10 years old boy with down syndrome. She does not want another down syndrome kid; best advice to her is", + "gold_answer": "Amniotic fluid samples plus chromosomal analysis will definitely tell her that next baby will be down syndromic or not", + "os_answer": " She should have a baby with Down syndrome.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Low insulin to glucagon ratio is seen in all of these except:", + "gold_answer": "Glycogen synthesis", + "os_answer": " 1. Diabetes mellitus 2. Type 1 diabetes 3. Type 2 diabetes 4. Juvenile diabetes 5. Insulinoma 6. Insulinoma with diabetes mellitus 7. Insulinoma with type 1 diabetes 8. Insulinoma with type 2 diabetes 9. Insulinoma with juvenile diabetes 10. Insulinoma with insulinoma 11. Insulinoma with insulinoma with diabetes mellitus 12. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 1 diabetes 13. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 2 diabetes 14. Insulinoma with insulinoma with juvenile diabetes 15. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 1 diabetes 16. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 2 diabetes 17. Insulinoma with insulinoma with juvenile diabetes 18. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 1 diabetes 19. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 2 diabetes 20. Insulinoma with insulinoma with juvenile diabetes 21. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 1 diabetes 22. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 2 diabetes 23. Insulinoma with insulinoma with juvenile diabetes 24. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 1 diabetes 25. Insulinoma with insulinoma with type 2 diabetes 26. Insulinoma with insulinoma with juvenile diabetes 27", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A blue new born presents with cyanosis. The X\u2013ray chest reveal oligaemic lung field and normal sized heart. Most likely diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Pulmonary atresia", + "os_answer": " Congenital heart disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "27.\tThe lateral spread of dental caries is facilitated mostly by the", + "gold_answer": "Dentinoenamel junction", + "os_answer": "The caries are spread by the saliva. The saliva is a fluid that is produced by the salivary glands. The saliva is produced by the glands in the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Respiratory rhythm generation center is located at:", + "gold_answer": "Pre-Botzinger complex", + "os_answer": " The respiratory rhythm generation center is located at the upper part of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Heavy forces on periodontal ligament causes:", + "gold_answer": "Hyalinization", + "os_answer": "The periodontal ligament is a fibrous tissue that connects the tooth to the bone. It is a very strong tissue that is very important for the health of the teeth. It is also very important for the health of the gums. The periodontal ligament is very important for the health of the gums. The periodontal ligament is very important for the health of the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient who was on ventilator and being ventilated for past few days, suddenly pulls out the endotracheal tube. What is the next step of management?", + "gold_answer": "Assess the patient, give bag and mask ventilation and look for spontaneous breathing", + "os_answer": "The patient should be transferred to ICU. The patient should be monitored for any signs of respiratory distress.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a\t6-month-old child, thick curd like white\tpatch\nappears on the buccal mucosa. On rubbing it leaves an\nerythematous patch. Most likely diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Candidiasis", + "os_answer": "None", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Characteristic of venous blood flow of lower limb in duplex Doppler is?", + "gold_answer": "Monophasic", + "os_answer": "The blood flow of lower limb in duplex Doppler is the same as that of the upper limb.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The source of calcium ions of a calcific bridge in a\ntooth in which calcium hydroxide pulpotomy has been\nperformed is:", + "gold_answer": "Blood vessel borne", + "os_answer": " The source of calcium ions of a calcific bridge in a tooth in which calcium hydroxide pulpotomy has been performed is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "2, 3-BPG binds to sites of haemoglobin and the affinity for oxygen", + "gold_answer": "1, decreases", + "os_answer": " 2, 3-BPG binds to sites of haemoglobin and the affinity for oxygen is about 1.5 times that of haemoglobin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Highest concentration of oxygen is delivered through?", + "gold_answer": "Bag and mask", + "os_answer": "The highest concentration of oxygen is delivered through the lungs. The lungs are the largest organ in the human body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A mother is Hbs Ag positive and anti Hbe Ag positive. Risk of transmission of Hep. B in child is:", + "gold_answer": "20%", + "os_answer": "1. No. 2. Yes. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with competent lips together at rest, the lip\nline is opposite the tips of the upper incisors. The lip line is then described as", + "gold_answer": "Low", + "os_answer": " The lip line is\nopposite the tips of the upper incisors. The lip line is then described as", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Breakdown of periodontal fibres in periodontitis is due to bacterial enzyme: (OR) Which of the following bacterial products have been implicated in initiation of inflammatory periodontal disease?", + "gold_answer": "Collagenase", + "os_answer": " (A) Lactobacilli (B) Bacteroides (C) Bifidobacterium (D) Fusobacterium (E) Actinomyces (F) Bacteroides (G) Bifidobacterium (H) Bacteroides (I) Bifidobacterium (J) Bifidobacterium (K) Bifidobacterium (L) Bifidobacterium (M) Bifidobacterium (N) Bifidobacterium (O) Bifidobacterium (P) Bifidobacterium (Q) Bifidobacterium (R) Bifidobacterium (S) Bifidobacterium (T) Bifidobacterium (U) Bifidobacterium (V) Bifidobacterium (W) Bifidobacterium (X) Bifidobacterium (Y) Bifidobacterium (Z) Bifidobacterium (AA) Bifidobacterium (AB) Bifidobacterium (AC) Bifidobacterium (AD) Bif", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a study, two groups of newborns are checked for their weights based on whether their mothers received food supplements or not. The appropriate test which can be used for comparing the data is:", + "gold_answer": "Student's T-test", + "os_answer": " The difference between the two groups is statistically significant.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the only complete cailage ring in the respiratory tree?", + "gold_answer": "Cricoid cailage", + "os_answer": " The cailage ring is the only complete cailage ring in the respiratory tree. Question: Which of the following is the only complete cailage ring in the respiratory tree? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Steps of intubation - arrange in sequence:- a. Head extension and flexion of neck b. Introduction of laryngoscope c. Inflation of cuff d. Check breath sounds with stethoscope e. fixation of the tube to prevent dislodgement", + "gold_answer": "ABCDE", + "os_answer": " a. Head extension and flexion of neck b. Introduction of laryngoscope c. Inflation of cuff d. Check breath sounds with stethoscope e. fixation of the tube to prevent dislodgement ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a child with active liver failure, the most important prognosis factor for death is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Gram (\u2013)ve sepsis", + "os_answer": "The liver is the organ that is most important for the survival of the child.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient went into shock immediately after normal delivery, likely cause:", + "gold_answer": "Uterine inversion", + "os_answer": "The baby was delivered by cesarean section.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presented with flat topped violaceous papules, thinning of nails and onycholysis. What is the microscopic finding observed in this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Basal cell degeneration", + "os_answer": " The microscopic finding observed in this patient is a hyperkeratosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is a muscle splitting incision?", + "gold_answer": "Lanz incision", + "os_answer": " The lateral rectus muscle. Question: Which one of the following is a muscle splitting incision? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In plasmodium vivax malaria, relapse is caused by:September 2012", + "gold_answer": "Hypnozoite", + "os_answer": " The parasite is resistant to chloroquine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Retraction of mandible is achieved by:", + "gold_answer": "Temporalis", + "os_answer": " The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 1. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 2. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 3. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 4. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 5. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 6. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 7. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 8. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 9. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 10. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 11. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 12. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 13. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 14. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 15. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 16. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 17. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 18. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 19. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 20. The mandible is retracted by the following steps: 21. The mandible is", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "How is modified shock index represented as?", + "gold_answer": "HR/MAP", + "os_answer": " Modified shock index is represented as the ratio of the mean arterial pressure to the mean venous pressure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 3 week neonate with ambiguous genitalia presented with Na+ 127 meq/L, K+ 7.2 meq/L wit BP 52/24 mm Hg and he was managed with IV fluids. What is the next step of management?", + "gold_answer": "Hydrocoisone administration", + "os_answer": "The next step of management is to evaluate the electrolyte status of the patient. The patient should be evaluated for electrolyte abnormalities.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Base pairs in DNA", + "gold_answer": "3.2 billion", + "os_answer": "Base pairs in DNA are the building blocks of DNA. Base pairs are the building blocks of DNA.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tracheal secretions should be suctioned for:", + "gold_answer": "10-15 seconds", + "os_answer": " 1. A. Bronchitis 2. Bronchitis and pneumonia 3. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis 4. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 5. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 6. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 7. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 8. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 9. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 10. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 11. Bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia and bronchitis and pneumonia 12", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presents with carcinoma of the larynx involving the left false cords, left arytenoid and the left aryepiglottic folds with bilateral mobile true cords. Treatment of choice is -", + "gold_answer": "Vertical hemilaryngectomy", + "os_answer": "The patient should be treated with surgery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 60 years old male presented with fever, chills and dysuria. Patient was hospitalized in emergency for 5 days. PSA level was 7.4. Next best step in this patient:", + "gold_answer": "Antibiotics and admit", + "os_answer": " The patient was treated with antibiotics and discharged.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient from,nqh-eastern states was diagnosed to have infection with P. falciparum malaria. What is the most appropriate drug for this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Aemether plus lumefantrine", + "os_answer": "The most appropriate drug for this patient is artesunate. The patient was treated with artesunate for a period of 3 weeks. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 7th day of treatment. The patient was followed up for a period of 3 months. The patient was asymptomatic and the parasite was not detected in the blood. The patient was advised to continue the treatment for a period of 3 months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common bone tumor that occurs in children is:", + "gold_answer": "Osteosarcoma", + "os_answer": " Osteosarcoma.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The zygomatic bone does not articulate with:", + "gold_answer": "Nasal bone", + "os_answer": " The zygomatic bone does not articulate with the zygomatic arch.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Calcium ions triggers muscle contraction by binding to:", + "gold_answer": "Troponin", + "os_answer": "Calcium ions bind to the calcium ion binding site on the muscle protein. The calcium ion binding site is located on the surface of the muscle protein.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to the intelligence quotient classification, a score of 90-110 is:", + "gold_answer": "Average", + "os_answer": " A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is: A score of 90-110 is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Due to which of the following enzyme deficiency, vitamin C cannot be synthesised in humans?", + "gold_answer": "L-Gulonolactone oxidase", + "os_answer": "1. Vitamin C deficiency. 2. Vitamin C deficiency in the presence of a deficiency of vitamin B12. 3. Vitamin C deficiency in the presence of a deficiency of vitamin B12 and a deficiency of vitamin B6. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient of heart disease antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is:", + "gold_answer": "Amoxicillin.", + "os_answer": " Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental extraction is: Antibiotic pro", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following type of failure may occur, if the coefficient of thermal expansion of ceramic is much lower than that of metal?", + "gold_answer": "Adhesive failure of metal ceramic bond", + "os_answer": "The ceramic is not deformed by the heat. The ceramic is deformed by the heat.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 years old child has lytic lesions in upper femur, the differential diagnosis can be all except :", + "gold_answer": "Plasmacytoma", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of lytic lesions in the upper femur is osteomyelitis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During periradicular surgery bone is removed with?", + "gold_answer": "Round burr", + "os_answer": " During periradicular surgery bone is removed with a drill. Question: During periradicular surgery bone is removed with a drill? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The primary function of the dental pulp is:", + "gold_answer": "Production of dentin", + "os_answer": " The primary function of the dental pulp is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Child of Vasanthi was weaned from breast milk on the 5th day and was given sugarcane juice the child developed hypoglycemia and hepatomegaly biochemical examination showed hypophosphatemia and enzyme deficiencies\u2013reducing substances in urine. The child is probably suffering from which of the following enzyme deficiencies \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Aldolase B", + "os_answer": " Hypophosphatemia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is most effective for gluconeogenesis in starvation?", + "gold_answer": "Acetyl Co-A stimulation of pyruvate carboxylase", + "os_answer": " Glucose. Question: Which of the following is most effective for gluconeogenesis in starvation? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not involved in iron metabolism?", + "gold_answer": "Transthyretin", + "os_answer": " Iron is an essential element for all living organisms. It is necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in blood. Hemoglobin is the main component of red blood cells. Hemoglobin is also necessary for the transport of oxygen in the body. Hemoglobin is also necessary for the synthesis of other proteins, such as myoglobin, cytochrome C, and lactate dehydrogenase. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin B12, which is needed for the synthesis of DNA. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin C, which is needed for the synthesis of collagen. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin D, which is needed for the synthesis of calcium. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin E, which is needed for the synthesis of the skin. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin K, which is needed for the synthesis of blood platelets. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin B1, which is needed for the synthesis of the nervous system. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin B2, which is needed for the synthesis of the liver. Iron is also necessary for the synthesis of vitamin B3, which is needed for the synthesis of the bone. Iron is", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 14 year girl presented with absent thelarche.On examination uterus was present. Investigations showed high FSH. karyotype is XY.What is the probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Gonadal dysgenesis", + "os_answer": "The patient was diagnosed with anovulatory infertility. The patient was treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist. The patient was given progesterone. The patient was given clomid. The patient was given metformin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bluegrass appliance is used to treat:", + "gold_answer": "Both", + "os_answer": " The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used to treat: The appliance is used", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On a primary 2nd molar caries occur most commonly on", + "gold_answer": "Occlusal pit and fissures", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of caries is the action of acids on the enamel of the teeth. The acids are produced by the bacteria in the mouth. The acids are then released into the saliva and then into the mouth. The acids are then absorbed into the blood stream and then into the tissues of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Incorporation of peripheral seal in an impression is necessary to obtain;", + "gold_answer": "Functionally moulded periphery", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is necessary.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis and is on terfenadine. He develops cardiac arrhythmias after a course of antibiotics. Which of the following antibiotic could have been given:", + "gold_answer": "Erythromycin", + "os_answer": "Antibiotic. Antibiotic is a drug that is used to treat infections.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Modulus of elasticity means:", + "gold_answer": "Rigidity or stiffness of the material", + "os_answer": "The modulus of elasticity is the ratio of the stress to the strain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Vwf factor is produced by:", + "gold_answer": "Endothelial cells", + "os_answer": "1. The body produces vitamin F. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A prosthetic appliance given to cover the palatal defect in patients with cleft palate is called", + "gold_answer": "Obturator", + "os_answer": " The appliance is called a palatal flap. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these drugs is an antidote for fibrinolytic therapy?", + "gold_answer": "Epsilon aminocaproic acid", + "os_answer": "Fibrinolytic therapy is a treatment for acute myocardial infarction. It is a treatment for acute myocardial infarction.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which facial bone is most prone to fracture?", + "gold_answer": "Nasal", + "os_answer": " The frontal bone. Question: Which facial bone is most prone to fracture? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A one year old child, who is earlier normal, is suffering from copious nasal discharge, coarse facial features, large tongue, bulging head and flattened nose. He is also having enlarged spleen and liver. What may be the cause?", + "gold_answer": "Hurler syndrome", + "os_answer": "The cause of the problem is the excessive secretion of mucus from the nose and throat. The excessive secretion of mucus is due to the presence of a large number of bacteria in the nasal cavity.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient diagnosed with carcinoma of lung presented with a serum calcium level of 16.4 mmol/L. What will be the first step in management?", + "gold_answer": "IV fluids and furosemide", + "os_answer": " The patient will be admitted to the hospital for further evaluation and management.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The following test may be abnormal in disseminated intravascular coagulation except:", + "gold_answer": "Clot solubility.", + "os_answer": "A. The patient has a history of disseminated intravascular coagulation. B. The patient has a history of disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombocytopenia. C. The patient has a history of disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombocytopenia and a history of disseminated intravascular coagulation. D.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Xerostomia the salivary pH is:", + "gold_answer": "Low", + "os_answer": " 2. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common tumor of lacrimal gland:", + "gold_answer": "Hamate fracture", + "os_answer": "The tumor is called as lacrimal gland tumor. The tumor is located in the lacrimal gland. The tumor is benign and non-cancerous. The tumor is not cancerous.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Topical administration of I% Pilocarpine failed to produce pupillary constriction in a patient who had a large, dilated pupil What should be the most probable reason?", + "gold_answer": "Pharmacological blockade", + "os_answer": "The most probable reason for the failure of topical pilocarpine to produce pupillary constriction is that the pupil is dilated. The pupil is dilated because the pupil is dilated.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pregnancy gingivitis is caused by:", + "gold_answer": "Bacteriodes melaninogenicus", + "os_answer": " The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingivitis is caused by: The gingiv", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Artery palpable at the anterior border of the masseter is :", + "gold_answer": "Facial artery", + "os_answer": "The masseter muscle is a small muscle that lies just below the jaw. It is located in the upper jaw and is connected to the mandible by a tendon.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Absorption of which of the following drugs is increased after a fatty meal?", + "gold_answer": "Griseofulvin", + "os_answer": " A fatty meal increases the absorption of the following drugs: acetaminophen, aspirin, and ibuprofen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the basis of behavior shaping:", + "gold_answer": "Stimulus response theory", + "os_answer": "The basis of behavior shaping is the behavior of the individual. The behavior of the individual is the behavior of the individual.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Shortest root of maxillary 1st molar", + "gold_answer": "Distobuccal", + "os_answer": " The shortest root of maxillary 1st molar is the second molar.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Malaria relapse common with which type plasmodium species?", + "gold_answer": "Plasmodium vivax and ovale", + "os_answer": " Malaria relapse common with which type plasmodium species? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In case of Fracture of mandible; alveolar border experiences which force", + "gold_answer": "Tension", + "os_answer": "The force of the fracture is the result of the force of the bone. The force of the bone is the result of the force of the bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The hormone having the maximum effect on granulation wound healing is:", + "gold_answer": "Cortisone", + "os_answer": " The hormone having the maximum effect on granulation wound healing is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The clot formed is not stable unless extensive cross-linking occurs. This extensive cross-linking of blood clot is done by:", + "gold_answer": "Factor XIII", + "os_answer": "1. Cross-linking of blood clot by platelets. 2. Cross-linking of blood clot by fibrin. 3. Cross-linking of blood clot by fibrin and platelets. 4. Cross-linking of blood clot by fibrin and platelets and fibrin. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A neonate is being investigated for jaundice. A liver biopsy shows features of a \"Giant Cell/Neonatal hepatitis\". Which one of the following conditions usually results in this case \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Alpha\u20131\u2013antitrypsin deficiency", + "os_answer": "A. The liver biopsy shows features of a \"Giant Cell/Neonatal hepatitis\". B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ammonia from brain is removed as:", + "gold_answer": "Glutamine", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Use of lithium during pregnancy increases the risk of development of which of the following malformations in the baby?", + "gold_answer": "Cardiac defects", + "os_answer": "1. The baby will have a small head. 2. The baby will have a small face. 3. The baby will have a small body. 4. The baby will have a small heart. 5. The baby will have a small brain. 6. The baby will have a small kidney. 7. The baby will have a small liver. 8. The baby will have a small spleen. 9. The baby will have a small stomach. 10. The baby will have a small tongue. 11. The baby will have a small testicle. 12. The baby will have a small penis. 13.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common presentation of abdominal desmoids tumor is?", + "gold_answer": "Abdominal mass", + "os_answer": " Most common presentation of abdominal desmoids tumor is painless, firm, non-tender mass in the right upper quadrant.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Visual cortex is present in the:", + "gold_answer": "Occipital lobe", + "os_answer": " The visual cortex is responsible for processing visual information. Question: What is the function of the visual cortex? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bartholins duct is the name of :", + "gold_answer": "Sublingual duct", + "os_answer": "The Bartholins duct is a small duct that runs from the kidney to the bladder. It is a small, thin, and narrow duct that runs from the kidney to the bladder.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pulsatile varicose veins in lower limbs is seen in \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Klippel trenaunay syndrome", + "os_answer": "The pulse is seen in the veins of the lower limbs.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common bone cancer is:", + "gold_answer": "Metastatic bone cancer", + "os_answer": " Osteosarcoma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the ligand for receptors present in liver for uptake of LDL?", + "gold_answer": "Apo B-100", + "os_answer": " LDL-C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Amyloid protein in Hemodialysis associated with amyloidosis is-", + "gold_answer": "b- 2 microglobulin", + "os_answer": "Amyloidosis is a disease of the kidneys. It is a disease of the kidneys.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Teeth that erupt in 30 days of birth", + "gold_answer": "Neonatal teeth", + "os_answer": "The eruption of teeth is a normal part of the development of the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with fresh blow out fracture of the orbit, best immediate management is", + "gold_answer": "Wait & watch", + "os_answer": "The best immediate management is to perform a craniotomy and to fix the fracture.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Keyhole-shaped visual field defect is seen in lesion involving which of the following regions?", + "gold_answer": "Lateral geniculate body", + "os_answer": " A lesion in the left eye. Question: Which of the following is the most likely cause of a patient's visual field defect? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The soft tissue tooth interface that forms after flap surgery in a previously denuded area is", + "gold_answer": "Long junctional epithelium", + "os_answer": " The soft tissue tooth interface that forms after flap surgery in a previously denuded area is a thin layer of connective tissue that is attached to the underlying bone. The soft tissue tooth interface is a thin layer of connective tissue that is attached to the underlying bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The test done for a statistically significant change in cholesterol values in a group of patients following an interventional programme is:", + "gold_answer": "Paired \"t\" test", + "os_answer": " The test done for a statistically significant change in cholesterol values in a group of patients following an interventional programme is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Reflex which never disappear:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " Reflex which never disappear: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tonsils developed from:", + "gold_answer": "Ventral part of 2nd pouch.", + "os_answer": " Tonsils developed from: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gutta Percha can effectively be sterilized by?", + "gold_answer": "Chemical solutions", + "os_answer": " Gutta Percha can effectively be sterilized by?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Motor supply of infrahyoid muscle is:", + "gold_answer": "Branches of cervical plexus", + "os_answer": "The infrahyoid muscle is supplied by the cervical sympathetic trunk. The cervical sympathetic trunk is supplied by the cervical sympathetic trunk.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cystinuria is characterised by \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Recurrent urinary caliculi", + "os_answer": " Cystinuria is characterised by \u2013 Question: Cystinuria is characterised by \u2013 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient with PPF transfusion complaint of breathing difficulty, tachycardic, tachypnia, Had Batwing sign present in X-ray. What will be the possible reason?", + "gold_answer": "Due to overload of PPF", + "os_answer": "The patient had a history of PPF transfusion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is not a theory of TMJ ankylosis?", + "gold_answer": "Synovial fluid attracting calcium ions", + "os_answer": " The first one is not a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The second one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The third one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The fourth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The fifth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The sixth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The seventh one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The eighth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The ninth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The tenth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The eleventh one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The twelfth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The thirteenth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The fourteenth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The fifteenth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The sixteenth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The seventeenth one is a theory of TMJ ankylosis. The eighteenth one is a theory of TM", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fingerprinting (FINDER) involves recording prints of 8 fingers. Which finger pair is excluded?", + "gold_answer": "Little finger", + "os_answer": " The brain. Question: Which of the following is NOT a part of the human body? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Galactorrhoea--amenorrhea syndromes, which is the investigation you should advise (apa from serum prolactin)?", + "gold_answer": "TSH", + "os_answer": " In the case of amenorrhea, the investigation should be a serum prolactin level. In the case of galactorrhoea, the investigation should be a serum prolactin level and a urine prolactin level.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is common in class I cavity preparation for amalgam and gold inlay?", + "gold_answer": "Mesiodistally divergent walls", + "os_answer": "The cavity preparation is the same as for amalgam and gold inlay.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Endocrine glands that are not influenced by the pituitary gland include the:", + "gold_answer": "Adrenal medulla, parathyroids, and the islets of langerhans", + "os_answer": " The adrenal gland, the thyroid gland, the parathyroid gland, the pituitary gland, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary, the testes, the ovary", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Rooting reflex also known as search reflex disappears:", + "gold_answer": "4 month", + "os_answer": "The root reflex is a reflex that is triggered by a stimulus that is not a physical stimulus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "IV ultrashort acting barbiturate:", + "gold_answer": "Thiopentone", + "os_answer": "The drug is called a barbiturate. It is a drug that is used to treat a condition called delirium.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The component that sensitizes bacteria and virus to UV irradiation", + "gold_answer": "Nucleic acids", + "os_answer": "The component that sensitizes bacteria and virus to UV irradiation is called bacteriophage. The bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Characteristic histopathological feature of basal cell car cinoma is", + "gold_answer": "Nuclear palisading", + "os_answer": "Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that is derived from the basal layer of the epidermis. It is the most common type of skin cancer in the United States. It is also the most common type of cancer in the United States. It is the most common type of cancer in the United States.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common mediastinal tumor:", + "gold_answer": "Neurogenic tumor", + "os_answer": "Mediastinal tumors are tumors that are located in the mediastinum. They are tumors that are located in the mediastinum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The contractile element in a skeletal muscle is present in:", + "gold_answer": "Myofibril", + "os_answer": " The contractile element in a skeletal muscle is present in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cherry red spot and Hollenhorst plaque are seen in:", + "gold_answer": "CRAO", + "os_answer": " The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Optimal location for intra osseous anesthesia for mandibular second molars is", + "gold_answer": "Mesial to the molar", + "os_answer": "The mandibular second molars are located in the mandibular fossa. The mandibular fossa is a small area of the mandible that is located between the mandibular body and the mandibular ramus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After cleaning and pumicing the tooth surface, plaque formation takes place within", + "gold_answer": "1/2 to 1 hour", + "os_answer": "The plaque is formed on the surface of the tooth. The plaque is a sticky substance that is formed on the surface of the tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Speech problems in cleft palate patients are due to", + "gold_answer": "Inability of soft palate to stop air to go into nasopharynx", + "os_answer": "Speech problems in cleft palate patients are due to the fact that the cleft palate is a congenital defect. The cleft palate is a defect that occurs in the upper lip and palate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to the WHO definition of hearing loss, what is the value to classify as profound hearing loss?", + "gold_answer": ">81 dB", + "os_answer": "The WHO definition of hearing loss is a hearing loss that is more than 50% of the hearing threshold. The hearing threshold is the lowest sound level that can be heard by the person. The hearing threshold is measured in decibels (dB) and is expressed in decibels per kilohertz (dB/kHZ). The hearing threshold is measured in decibels and is expressed in decibels per kilohertz (dB/kHZ).", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What we will define it \"ratio of no. of death under 1 year of age to total live birth per 1000 live births per year\"?", + "gold_answer": "Infant mortality rate", + "os_answer": " The ratio of no. of death under 1 year of age to total live birth per 1000 live births per year is 1.00.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The necrotising pressure areas, undergoing bone resorption and endosteal bone formation", + "gold_answer": "Occlusal trauma", + "os_answer": " The necrotising pressure areas, undergoing bone resorption and endosteal bone formation ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "CLED is better medium than MacConkey medium for processing of urine samples", + "gold_answer": "Allows staphylococcus,Streptococcus and candida to grow", + "os_answer": " MacConkey medium is better medium than CLED medium for processing of urine samples.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most effective method of assessing breathing is by measuring:", + "gold_answer": "FEV 1", + "os_answer": "Breathing rate. Breathing rate is the rate of air entering and leaving the lungs. Breathing rate is measured by counting the number of breaths per minute.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major aim of phase 1 clinical trials is:", + "gold_answer": "Dose", + "os_answer": " The major aim of phase 1 clinical trials is to determine the safety and efficacy of a new drug. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following defines the pressure in the vascular system in the absence of blood flow? (Asked twice)", + "gold_answer": "Mean circulatory filling pressure", + "os_answer": " The pressure in the vascular system is determined by the pressure of the blood in the vessel. Question: Which of the following is the most important factor in determining the pressure in the vascular system? (Asked twice) ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is:", + "gold_answer": "Abdominal circumference", + "os_answer": " The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for ultrasound evaluation of IUGR is: The best parameter for", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a child, surgery was done for biliary stricture with hepatojejunal anastomosis. Postoperative bilirubin level after 2 weeks was 6 mg/dL from a preoperative level 12mg/dL. The reason for this could be:", + "gold_answer": "Delta bilirubin", + "os_answer": "The child had a biliary stricture and the anastomosis was done for biliary stricture.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2 month old girl has failure to thrive, polyuria and medullary nephrocalcinosis affecting both kidneys. Investigations show blood pH 7.48, bicarbonate 25 mEq/l, potassium 2 mEq/l, sodium 126 mEq/l and chloride 88 mEq/l. The most likely diagnosis is -", + "gold_answer": "Bartter syndrome", + "os_answer": " The most likely diagnosis is -", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are features of Neonatal Tetanus except \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Usually occurs in 1st 2 days of life", + "os_answer": " The first is the most common cause of death in the first year of life. The second is the most common cause of death in the second year of life. The third is the most common cause of death in the third year of life. The fourth is the most common cause of death in the fourth year of life. The fifth is the most common cause of death in the fifth year of life. The sixth is the most common cause of death in the sixth year of life. The seventh is the most common cause of death in the seventh year of life. The eighth is the most common cause of death in the eighth year of life. The ninth is the most common cause of death in the ninth year of life. The tenth is the most common cause of death in the tenth year of life. The eleventh is the most common cause of death in the eleventh year of life. The twelfth is the most common cause of death in the twelfth year of life. The thirteenth is the most common cause of death in the thirteenth year of life. The fourteenth is the most common cause of death in the fourteenth year of life. The fifteenth is the most common cause of death in the fifteenth year of life. The sixteenth is", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In assessing infant deaths, Ploucquet's test involves:", + "gold_answer": "Change in paial weight of lungs", + "os_answer": "The test is a simple method of determining the presence of a specific substance in a sample of blood. The test is based on the principle that the presence of a substance in a sample of blood indicates the presence of the substance in the infant's blood. The test is used to determine the presence of a specific substance in a sample of blood.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The transport of CO is diffusion limited because", + "gold_answer": "Binds avidly with Hb", + "os_answer": "CO is a gas.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acetazolamide is given to a patient of angle closure glaucoma. It is a non-competitive inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase enzyme. Which of the following should be the effect of this drug?", + "gold_answer": "Decrease in Vmax", + "os_answer": " The patient has a retinal detachment. Question: Which of the following is the most likely cause of a patient's sudden onset of blindness? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about rapid sequence induction done in a cardiac patient in emergency except:", + "gold_answer": "Induction should be done with thiopentone sodium and succinylcholine for muscle relaxation", + "os_answer": "A. The induction is done in a cardiac patient in emergency. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 60-year old male presents with painful, 141 oupet. vesicles over erythematous plaques in T3 dermatome region of trunk. Which of the following would be the most likely causative organism?", + "gold_answer": "Varicella zoster", + "os_answer": "*Staphylococcus aureus* (S. aureus) *Streptococcus pyogenes* (S. pyogenes) *Streptococcus agalactiae* (S. agalactiae) *Streptococcus pneumoniae* (S. pneumoniae) *Streptococcus agalactiae* (S. agalactiae) *Streptococcus anginosus* (S. anginosus) *Streptococcus anginosus* (S.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient is administered 200 mg of a drug. 75 mg of the drug is eliminated from the body in 90 minutes. If the drug follows first order kinetics, how much drug will remain after 6 hours?", + "gold_answer": "30 mg", + "os_answer": " The amount of drug remaining after 6 hours is the amount of drug that is eliminated in 90 minutes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common side effect of the oral administration of ampicillin is", + "gold_answer": "Diarrhoea", + "os_answer": " The most common side effect of the oral administration of ampicillin is diarrhea.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ludwig's angina is characterized by", + "gold_answer": "Raised tongue", + "os_answer": " The heart is the organ that pumps blood to the rest of the body. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child spends 8 years of life in a temperate climate where the drinking water had fluoride of 3 ppm. The teeth that are effected are:", + "gold_answer": "All permanent teeth, except third molars", + "os_answer": "The teeth are affected by fluoride.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Median rhomboid glossitis is associated with:", + "gold_answer": "Absence of filiform papillae", + "os_answer": " 2. Medication and/or allergy. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following diseases is diagnosed with the help of the flowcytometry pattern?", + "gold_answer": "Hyper IgM syndrome", + "os_answer": " A. Leukemia B. Leukemia C. Leukemia D. Leukemia E. Leukemia F. Leukemia G. Leukemia H. Leukemia I. Leukemia J. Leukemia K. Leukemia L. Leukemia M. Leukemia N. Leukemia O. Leukemia P. Leukemia Q. Leukemia R. Leukemia S. Leukemia T. Leukemia U. Leukemia V. Leukemia W. Leukemia X. Leukemia Y. Leukemia Z. Leukemia", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best indicator of developing cardiovascular disease is", + "gold_answer": "LDL/HDL ratio", + "os_answer": "Blood pressure. Blood pressure is the most important indicator of cardiovascular disease. Blood pressure is a measure of the force of blood against the walls of the arteries. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Blood pressure is measured by a cuff placed around the upper arm. The cuff is attached to a blood pressure cuff that is attached to a blood pressure machine. The cuff is placed around the upper arm and the blood pressure cuff is attached to the blood pressure machine. The blood pressure cuff is placed around the upper arm and the blood pressure machine is used to measure the blood pressure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pulp proper contains", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains Pulp proper contains", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is used as a bio-degradable membrane in \"guided tissue regeneration\" process?", + "gold_answer": "Polylactic acid", + "os_answer": " The membrane is a biodegradable membrane. Question: Which of the following is used as a bio-degradable membrane in \"guided tissue regeneration\" process? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bone sounding done in modern times is performed by which method?", + "gold_answer": "CBCT", + "os_answer": " The method of bone sounding is done by which method? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Oil red '0' stain is used for:", + "gold_answer": "Frozen specimen", + "os_answer": "1. Diagnosis of cancer. 2. Diagnosis of tuberculosis. 3. Diagnosis of syphilis. 4. Diagnosis of leprosy. 5. Diagnosis of rheumatism. 6. Diagnosis of diabetes. 7. Diagnosis of epilepsy. 8. Diagnosis of anemia. 9.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A female with suspected child abuse was brought to the casualty with severe bleeding from the perineum. What should be the first line of management?", + "gold_answer": "Airway maintenance", + "os_answer": "The first line of management is to stop the bleeding. The bleeding is from the perineum. The bleeding is severe and the patient is in shock. The patient is in shock and the bleeding is from the perineum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Method of choice for a New born child not passing urine for 36 hours :", + "gold_answer": "Ultrasound of kidney & bladder", + "os_answer": "The baby should be placed in a warm, quiet place. The baby should be kept warm and quiet.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bacteria free zone of dentinal caries is", + "gold_answer": "Zone of dentinal sclerosis", + "os_answer": "The bacteria free zone of dentinal caries is the area of the dentinal tubules that is free of bacteria. The bacteria free zone is the area of the dentinal tubules that is free of bacteria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which ion of hydroxyapatite crystals is substituted by Fluoride imparts more strength?", + "gold_answer": "Hydroxyl ion", + "os_answer": " Fluoride ion is more effective than hydroxyapatite ion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the most common site for the\noccurrence of a basal cell carcinoma?", + "gold_answer": "Skin of the lower lip", + "os_answer": " The nose. Question: Which of the following is the most common site for the\noccurrence of a basal cell carcinoma? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Reticular fibers of collagen tissues are present in all of the following except:", + "gold_answer": "Thymus", + "os_answer": " 1. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 2. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 3. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 4. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 5. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 6. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 7. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 8. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 9. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 10. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 11. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 12. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 13. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 14. The reticular fibers of the skin are present in all of the following except: 15. The ret", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is a direct content of cavernous sinus?", + "gold_answer": "Abducent nerve", + "os_answer": "The cavernous sinus is a cavity in the skull that is connected to the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Extraction of 3rd molar tooth bud in 7-9 yr old child:", + "gold_answer": "Results in less crowding", + "os_answer": "The child was referred to us for extraction of the third molar tooth bud. The child was a 7-9 yr old child.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best finish line for anterior metal ceramic crown is", + "gold_answer": "Shoulder with bevel", + "os_answer": "The best finish line for anterior metal ceramic crown is the one that is closest to the tooth surface.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Kamlesh, a 2 year old girl, has Down's syndrome. Her karyotype is 21/21 translocation. What is the risk ofrecurrence in subsequent pregnancies if the father is a balanced translocation carrier :", + "gold_answer": "100%", + "os_answer": " The risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies is 1 in 1,000.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following are the predominant connective tissue cells of the periodontal Ligament?", + "gold_answer": "Fibroblasts", + "os_answer": " Aggressive periodontitis. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of periodontal disease? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is characterized by Apple Jelly Nodules?", + "gold_answer": "Lupus vulgaris", + "os_answer": " Apple Jelly Nodules are characterized by the presence of apple jelly in the nodules.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 40 year male complaining of hot flushes each time he baths. Hb: 20%gm, Platelet: 89,000/mL, WBC: 30,000/mL, Investigation revealed JAK2 mutation. What is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "PCV", + "os_answer": " JAK2 mutation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 55- year old diabetic patient presents with transient obscuration in vision for 2-3 days followed by sudden loss of vision. Which of the following would be the best test to evaluate the symptoms?", + "gold_answer": "Serum creatinine levels", + "os_answer": "A. Visual acuity. B. Visual fields. C. Optical coherence tomography. D.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "One of the most common side effects of phenytoin is", + "gold_answer": "Gingival Hyperplasia", + "os_answer": " The most common side effect of phenytoin is drowsiness.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ganglionic transmission is mediated by:", + "gold_answer": "Postsynaptic nicotinic receptors", + "os_answer": "1. The ganglion cell. 2. The axon. 3. The dendrite. 4. The axon terminal. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "One of the many mechanisms of adverse events is its increased binding to secondary targets, usually proteins. With respect to the primary target, the secondary target:", + "gold_answer": "Should have similar binding sites", + "os_answer": "The secondary target is the target of the drug. The primary target is the target of the drug.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Postrenal transplant patient presents with diarrhoea after 3 months; it was showing organism measuring 2-6 micron meter and kinoyn stain positive. Most likely it is caused by:", + "gold_answer": "Cryptosporidium hominis", + "os_answer": " Bacterial infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Iron entry into enterocytes occurs which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "DMT-1", + "os_answer": " Iron entry into enterocytes occurs which of the following?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An elderly male patient presented with fever, chest pain, and dry coughp; sputum culture showed growth on Charcoal Yeast Extract Medium, the organism is", + "gold_answer": "Legionella", + "os_answer": " The patient was treated with antibiotics and the symptoms resolved.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ashley-Howe model analysis is used to predict:", + "gold_answer": "Basal bone-transverse relationship", + "os_answer": " The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A neonate on routine examination at bih was found to have hepatomegaly. Rest of the examination was essentially unremarkable. On investigations, Anti-HCMV antibodies were found to be positive. What sequelae in later life is the child at risk of?", + "gold_answer": "Sensorineural hearing loss", + "os_answer": "The child is at risk of developing chronic liver disease. The child is at risk of developing cirrhosis of the liver. The child is at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. The child is at risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient is a known case of epilepsy, taking levetiracetam 1 gm BD. He is now seizure free from 2 years but he developed agitation and anger issues interfering with day to day activities as a result of the drug intake. What should be the next best step?", + "gold_answer": "Slowly taper the drug over next 6 months", + "os_answer": "The next best step is to discuss with the patient the possibility of switching to another antiepileptic drug. This is a common practice in epilepsy. The patient should be informed that the seizure control is not guaranteed and that the seizure control may be temporary.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Contractile element in myofibril is:", + "gold_answer": "Sarcomere", + "os_answer": " The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile element in myofibril is: The contractile", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are true about aspiration pneumonia except:", + "gold_answer": "Fungal infection is the common cause of pneumonia", + "os_answer": "A. It is caused by a virus. B. It is caused by a fungus. C. It is caused by a parasite. D.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dapsone is used for treatment of bacterial and fungal infections as well as for immunomodulatory actions. What is mechanism of dapsone for these indication?", + "gold_answer": "Competition with PABA in folic acid synthesis", + "os_answer": "Dapsone is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid tryptophan. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of serotonin. Dapsone is used for treatment of bacterial and fungal infections as well as for immunomodulatory actions. Dapsone is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of serotonin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In processing methyl methacrylate, the resin may show porosity if the flask is placed too soon. Porosity most likely occur", + "gold_answer": "In the thickest part", + "os_answer": "The resin is not porous. The resin is a very hard material.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pre-maxillary hard palate is supplied by which nerve", + "gold_answer": "Nasopalatine nerve", + "os_answer": " The maxillary nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Biopsy specimens removed for examinations are immediately placed in:", + "gold_answer": "10% formalin", + "os_answer": "A. The specimen is placed in a container and labeled. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Greatest potential hazard of mercury toxicity occurs due to:", + "gold_answer": "Inhalation of mercury vapours", + "os_answer": "Mercury is a heavy metal that is toxic to humans. It is a heavy metal that is toxic to humans.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cleft lip is due to non-union of", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary process with MNP", + "os_answer": " The cleft lip is due to non-union of the bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the name of the given instrument, used for harvesting the graft from healthy area in split thickness skin graft?", + "gold_answer": "Humby knife", + "os_answer": " The graft is harvested from the healthy area in split thickness skin graft.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A person working in an abattoir presented with a papule on hand, which turned in to an ulcer. Which will best help in diagnosis", + "gold_answer": "Polychrome Methylene blue", + "os_answer": " The person should be examined for any underlying disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A midwife at a PHC did per vaginal examination of a women in labor with 8 cm cervical dilation and 70% cervical effacement with the fetal head at +1 station. This +1 station implies the position of fetal head is-", + "gold_answer": "1 cm below the ischial spine", + "os_answer": "The head is at +1 station.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "High content of cholesterol is present in:", + "gold_answer": "Egg yolk", + "os_answer": " High cholesterol is present in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tooth with smallest root", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular central incisor", + "os_answer": "The tooth is the smallest part of the body. The root is the largest part. The root is the part that is closest to the surface of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The function of a sprue is to", + "gold_answer": "Form an opening for molten metal to enter the mold", + "os_answer": " The function of a sprue is to ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Access cavity of mandibular 1st molar is:", + "gold_answer": "Rounded triangle", + "os_answer": "The cavity is located in the mandibular 1st molar.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pier abutment is:", + "gold_answer": "With an edentulous space on mesial and distal sides of the abutment", + "os_answer": "A pier abutment is a metal or plastic device that is used to support a tooth or other part of the mouth. It is used to support the tooth or other part of the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are topical hemostatic agents except?", + "gold_answer": "Fixclot", + "os_answer": " All are topical hemostatic agents except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Rate of Dentinal fluid permeability depends on all except?", + "gold_answer": "Temperature variation", + "os_answer": " The rate of dentinal fluid permeability depends on all except the rate of dentinal fluid permeability.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Extraction of disto-angular impaction of mandibular 3rd molar can cause:", + "gold_answer": "# of ramus of mandible", + "os_answer": "1. The patient is a male, aged 20 years, with a history of trauma to the right mandibular molar. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acetazolamide is given to a patient of angle closure glaucoma. It is a non- competitive inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase enzyme. Which of the following should be the effect of this drug?", + "gold_answer": "Decrease in Vmax", + "os_answer": "The drug is given to the patient to prevent the formation of aqueous humor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Peau d'orange in carcinoma breast is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Obstruction of sub-dermal lymphatics", + "os_answer": " Peau d'orange in carcinoma breast is due to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Long term assessment of glucose control can be made by:", + "gold_answer": "Estimation of blood level of glycosylated hemoglobin", + "os_answer": " Yes, the glucose control can be assessed by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mosaic pattern of bone is seen in radiographic features of:", + "gold_answer": "Paget's disease", + "os_answer": "The bone is a mosaic of different types of bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which induction anaesthetic agent has antiemetic effect?", + "gold_answer": "propofol", + "os_answer": " Isosorbide dinitrate. Question: Which drug is used for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Myocardial infarction, the major pathology is", + "gold_answer": "Myocardial necrosis caused by acute occlusion of a coronary artery.", + "os_answer": "The major pathology is the formation of a blood clot in the heart. The blood clot is formed when the heart muscle is damaged. The blood clot is a sticky mass that is formed in the heart muscle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Localized Juvenile Periodontitis- primary pathogen is", + "gold_answer": "all the above", + "os_answer": " Bacteria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "While preparing a Class II cavity on a maxillary first molar which of the pulp horns are likely to get exposed:", + "gold_answer": "Mesiolingual and mesiobuccal", + "os_answer": "The pulp horns of the maxillary first molar are the most likely to be exposed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Additional period required for enamel calcification after eruption into oral cavity", + "gold_answer": "2 yr", + "os_answer": " The period required for enamel calcification after eruption into oral cavity is approximately 3 months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The active principle of white oleander is:", + "gold_answer": "Nerin", + "os_answer": " The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white oleander is: The active principle of white o", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The yellowish white soft sticky deposit loosely adherent\npresent on tooth surface is", + "gold_answer": "Materia alba", + "os_answer": "The yellowish white soft sticky deposit loosely adherent\npresent on tooth surface is a dental plaque. Dental plaque is a sticky film that forms on the teeth and gums. It is a thin film of bacteria and other microorganisms that forms on the teeth and gums.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A term gestation newborn developed respiratory distress. Which of the following would favour Respiratory distress syndrome (HIVID) ?", + "gold_answer": "Air bronchogram on chest x\u2013ray", + "os_answer": "Respiratory distress syndrome (HIVID) is a complication of HIV infection. It is a complication of HIV infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "\u2018Fleur -de- lys\u2019 term is used for:", + "gold_answer": "Dens invaginatus", + "os_answer": " \u2018Fleur -de- lys\u2019 is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de- lys is a term used for: Fleur -de-", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Point used as termination of Root canal procedure is", + "gold_answer": "Apical constriction", + "os_answer": "The root canal is a procedure that is used to clean the root canal system.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All the following muscles of larynx are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve except:", + "gold_answer": "Cricothyroid", + "os_answer": "The muscles of the larynx are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In rheumatoid arthritis there is inflammation of:", + "gold_answer": "Synovial membrane", + "os_answer": " The joints.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 11-year-old child comes to the dental office one hour\nafter injury to a maxillary central incisor. The tooth is\nvital and\tslightly\tmobile.\tRadiographic\texamination\nreveals a fracture at the apical third of the root. What is\nthe best treatment at this point of time:", + "gold_answer": "Relieve the occlusion and splint the tooth", + "os_answer": " The child\nshould be treated with a root canal. The root canal is\ndone with a diamond bur and a high-speed handpiece. The\nchild should be kept under observation for a few days.\nThe child should be followed up with a radiograph every\nthree months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Resistance form of endodontics is:", + "gold_answer": "Resists movement of gutta-percha in apical area", + "os_answer": "Endodontic treatment is a treatment that is used to remove the infected root canal system and clean the root canal system. The root canal system is a system of canals that are located in the root of the tooth. The root canal system is made up of the root canal, the canal system, and the dentinal tubules. The root canal is the canal that is located in the root of the tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "While assessing the efficacy of a newly developed drug in comparison to placebo, the 95% confidence interval in clinical trials is used to check for:", + "gold_answer": "Efficacy of the drug", + "os_answer": "The 95% confidence interval is used to check for the effect of the drug on the outcome of interest. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by using the standard normal distribution. The standard normal distribution is used to calculate the 95% confidence interval.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 40 years old female presented with acute onset shoness of breath. She has a history of nephrotic syndrome 1 year back and recent prolonged air travel. She has a BP of 90/60 mm Hg, hea rate of 115 per minute and sinus tachycardia on ECG. A 2-D echocardiogram revealed dilation of right ventricle with bulging of the interventricular septum to the left. What will be the primary treatment modality?", + "gold_answer": "Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator", + "os_answer": " The patient will be treated with intravenous fluids, diuretics, and vasodilators. The patient will be monitored closely for any signs of worsening of the condition.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In multirooted teeth, formation of multiple roots is due to presence of:", + "gold_answer": "Epithelial diaphragm", + "os_answer": "Multiple roots are due to the presence of multiple roots.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Folic acid deficiency occurs in:", + "gold_answer": "Phenytoin", + "os_answer": " Folic acid deficiency occurs in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On the day following a formocresol pulpotomy of a\nmandibular molar, a three year old patient returned with\na large ulcer near the midline of the lower lip. What is\nthe probable cause of the ulcer?", + "gold_answer": "Lip biting by the patient", + "os_answer": "\nThe most common cause of a toothache is a toothache. Question:\nWhat is the most common cause of a toothache? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 38 years old female presented to the emergency with extensive burns. The patient had grade 3 burns on the face, back, upper arms and forearms along with singeing of hairs. Which of the following is not a proof of inhalation burns?", + "gold_answer": "Yellow colored sputum", + "os_answer": " The patient had inhalation burns. Question: A 38 years old female presented to the emergency with extensive burns. The patient had grade 3 burns on the face, back, upper arms and forearms along with singeing of hairs. Which of the following is not a proof of inhalation burns? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After spleenectomy patient becomes more prone to", + "gold_answer": "Encapsulated organisms", + "os_answer": "The patient is prone to infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except:", + "gold_answer": "Stapes", + "os_answer": " The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 1. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 2. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 3. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 4. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 5. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 6. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 7. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 8. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 9. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 10. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 11. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 12. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 13. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 14. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 15. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 16. The following are developed from Meckel's cartilage except: 17. The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In judicial hanging, the knot is placed at:", + "gold_answer": "Angle of the jaw", + "os_answer": " The rope is tied at the top of the rope. Question: In judicial hanging, the rope is tied at: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Non-pulsatile dose of GnRH agonist is used in all the following conditions except-", + "gold_answer": "infeility", + "os_answer": " GnRH agonist is used in all the following conditions except- ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gap healing, a type of primary healing having gap of 0.8 mm is healed as:", + "gold_answer": "Woven bone formation replaced by lamellar bone.", + "os_answer": " Yes, the gap healing is a type of primary healing having gap of 0.8 mm is healed as:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The lag phase of tooth movement usually lasts for:", + "gold_answer": "2-3 weeks", + "os_answer": " 1.5 to 2 hours. 2.5 to 3 hours. 3.5 to 4 hours. 4.5 to 5 hours. 5.5 to 6 hours. 6.5 to 7 hours. 7.5 to 8 hours. 8.5 to 9 hours. 9.5 to 10 hours. 10.5 to 11 hours. 11.5 to 12 hours. 12.5 to 13 hours. 13.5 to 14 hours. 14.5 to 15 hours. 15.5 to 16 hours. 16.5 to 17 hours. 17.5 to 18 hours. 18.5 to 19 hours. 19.5 to 20 hours. 20.5 to 21 hours. 21.5 to 22 hours. 22.5 to 23 hours. 23.5 to 24 hours. 24.5 to 25 hours. 25.5 to 26 hours. 26.5 to 27 hours. 27.5 to 28 hours. 28.5 to 29 hours. 29.5 to 30 hours. 30.5 to 31 hours. 31.5 to 32 hours. 32.5 to 33 hours. 33.5 to 34 hours. 34.5 to 35 hours. 35.5 to 36 hours. 36.5 to 37 hours. 37.5 to", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 32 years old female came for routine PAP smear testing. The repo came as carcinoma in situ. What is the next step?", + "gold_answer": "Colposcopy and biopsy", + "os_answer": "The next step is to get the patient to a specialist. The specialist will do a biopsy and then do a histopathology report. The report will be sent to the patient. The patient will then be referred to a specialist.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The frontal paranasal sinus drains into the:", + "gold_answer": "Middle meatus", + "os_answer": " The frontal sinus. Question: The frontal sinus drains into the: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Staphylococcus aureus and pneumoniae are responsible for:", + "gold_answer": "Acute endocarditis.", + "os_answer": " Staphylococcus aureus and pneumoniae are responsible for:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Primary Colonization of plaque is dominated by", + "gold_answer": "Facultative Anaerobic Gram + ve cocci", + "os_answer": " Cancer ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Depression of mandible is achieved by:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "1. The mandible is a bone in the skull. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "18 year old female presents with an ovarian mass, her serum bio marker are found to be normal except for LDH, which is found to be elevated. The most likely diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Dysgerminoma", + "os_answer": " Ovarian cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common infection post solid organ transplantation", + "gold_answer": "CMV", + "os_answer": "The most common infection post solid organ transplantation is the common cold. The most common cause of this infection is the common cold. The most common symptoms of this infection are: Fever, chills, and rigors. The most common treatment for this infection is: Antibiotics. The most common side effects of this treatment are: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The most common complications of this treatment are: Infection, fever, and chills. The most common cause of this complication is: The common cold. The most common symptoms of this complication are: Fever, chills, and rigors. The most common treatment for this complication is: Antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Child Pugh score put patients into three categories of Score A (<7), Score B (7-9) and Score C (10-15). The following is a type of which scale?", + "gold_answer": "Ordinal", + "os_answer": " The difference is the percentage of the total number of patients. Question: What is the difference between the score of a patient and the score of a physician? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by:", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary nerve.", + "os_answer": " The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of the entire upper lip is supplied by: The skin of", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of choice for anaphylactic shock is:", + "gold_answer": "Adrenaline 0.5 mL of 1:1000 solution by intramuscular route", + "os_answer": "Epinephrine. Epinephrine is a drug that is used to treat anaphylactic shock. It is a drug that is used to treat anaphylactic shock.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The\tcotton\tapplied\tto\tthe\tpulpal\tstumps\tin\tthe\nformocresol pulpotomy technique should be", + "gold_answer": "Slightly dampened with formocresol", + "os_answer": " The cotton\tapplied\tto\tthe\tpulpal\tstumps\tin\tthe\tformocresol\tpulpotomy\ttechnique\tshould\tbe\t", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which marker shows holocrine gland?", + "gold_answer": "A", + "os_answer": " The marker of the holocrine gland is the hormone of the holocrine gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bezold-Jarisch reflex is mediated by:", + "gold_answer": "Serotonin", + "os_answer": " The Bezold-Jarisch reflex is mediated by the following:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "ICD-10 stands for", + "gold_answer": "International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision", + "os_answer": "Medicine. I have a question about the ICD-10 code.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Method of transpo of glucose in the intestine is:", + "gold_answer": "Secondary active transpo", + "os_answer": "The glucose is absorbed by the intestine and is transported to the blood. The glucose is transported to the blood by the blood vessels.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 28 year old man has lenticonus and end stage renal disease now. His maternal uncle also died of the same illness. What is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Alport syndrome", + "os_answer": "The most likely diagnosis is end stage renal disease. The patient is a young man with a history of lenticonus and end stage renal disease. The patient has a history of lenticonus and end stage renal disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient comes after a dog bite with hydrophobia, tearing and altered sensorium. You suspect rabies in this patient. Corneal impression has been taken. What test will you do on it for most accurate diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "-PCR for virus", + "os_answer": "The patient has been given a rabies test. The test is done by a veterinarian.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 32-year-old P2L2 lady comes five days after unpro!tected sexual intercourse. What will be your advice for contraception in this lady?", + "gold_answer": "Copper IUCD", + "os_answer": " The lady should be advised to use a condom.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Data about recent trends of immunization in the community can be found by:", + "gold_answer": "District level health survey", + "os_answer": "The immunization coverage in the community is increasing.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which type of oral candidiasis does not presents with white patch?", + "gold_answer": "Chronic atrophic candidiasis", + "os_answer": "Candidiasis is a type of oral infection caused by the fungus Candida albicans. It is a common disease that affects the mouth and throat. It is also called as oral thrush.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the thickness of cement-dentinal junction?", + "gold_answer": "2-3 \u03bcm", + "os_answer": " The thickness of cement-dentinal junction is about 1.5 mm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mandibular process of each side fuse to form:", + "gold_answer": "Both.", + "os_answer": " The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular process of each side fuse to form: The mandibular", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Self injury most likely caused after extraction in children is", + "gold_answer": "Inadvertent lip biting after anesthesia", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of self-injury is the extraction of a tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Intensifying screen is used in extraoral radiograph to:", + "gold_answer": "Decrease radiation to patient", + "os_answer": "The intensifying screen is used to increase the contrast between the bone and the soft tissue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gold Standard for evaluation of any obstruction in the nasal pathway:", + "gold_answer": "Rhinomanometry.", + "os_answer": "The gold standard for evaluation of any obstruction in the nasal pathway is a CT scan. The CT scan is the most accurate and most reliable test for evaluating the nasal obstruction. The CT scan is a noninvasive test that can be performed in the office. The CT scan is a diagnostic test that can be performed in the office.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 5 years old child presented with continuous fever and features of sepsis with a BP of 90/60 mm Hg, Pulse rate 144/min and respiratory rate of 30/min. What is the initial fluid of choice for management?", + "gold_answer": "20 mL/kg of 0.9% normal saline", + "os_answer": "Fluid resuscitation is the first line of treatment. Fluid resuscitation should be started with crystalloid and colloid. Fluid resuscitation should be continued with crystalloid and colloid until the patient is stable.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient with increased PT, APTT & TT and normal fibrinogen and platelet counts, diagnosis is?", + "gold_answer": "Vitamin K deficiency", + "os_answer": "The patient has a history of thrombocytopenia, and the diagnosis is thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child presented with abdominal distension, hepatomegaly, doll like facies and recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Von gierke disease", + "os_answer": " Hypoglycemia. Question: A child presented with abdominal distension, hepatomegaly, doll like facies and recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by:", + "gold_answer": "Corpus luteum", + "os_answer": " Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by: Estrogen and progesterone in the first 2 months pregnancy are produced by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the common factor for the initiation of both dental caries and periodontal disease", + "gold_answer": "bacterial plaque", + "os_answer": " The presence of bacteria in the mouth. Question: Which of the following is the common factor for the initiation of both dental caries and periodontal disease? ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hidden X suture proves to be a novel suturing technique for:", + "gold_answer": "Alveolar ridge preservation", + "os_answer": " The hidden X suture is a novel suturing technique for:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Compared with autoclave, use of a dry heat oven for sterilization has the following disadvantage:", + "gold_answer": "Time-consuming", + "os_answer": "The dry heat oven is a special type of oven that is used for sterilization. It is a special type of oven that is used for sterilization.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A screening test is used in same way in two similar populations, but the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B. What is the likely explanation for this finding?", + "gold_answer": "The prevalence of disease is higher in population A", + "os_answer": " The proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B. This is because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those who test positive in population B because the proportion of false positive results among those who test positive in population A is lower than among those", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is common to both zinc eugenol cement and polycarboxylate cement?", + "gold_answer": "Chelation", + "os_answer": " Zinc eugenol cement is a zinc-containing cement, while polycarboxylate cement is a polycarboxylate cement. Question: Which of the following is common to both zinc eugenol cement and polycarboxylate cement? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the drug of choice of Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy", + "gold_answer": "Metronidazole", + "os_answer": "Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection that can cause serious complications for both mother and baby. It is caused by a group of bacteria called the Gardnerella vaginalis. The bacteria are found in the vagina and are usually harmless. However, if the bacteria are not treated, they can cause serious complications for both mother and baby. The bacteria can also cause serious complications for both mother and baby if they are not treated.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child has bilirubin of 4 mg. Conjugated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase are normal, bile salts and bile in urine are absent. However urobilinogen in urine is raised. What is the likely diagnosis \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Hemolytic jaundice", + "os_answer": "Bilirubin is a breakdown product of hemoglobin. It is a normal constituent of blood. It is produced by the liver and is excreted in the bile. Bilirubin is a normal constituent of blood.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The advantage of ultra speed hand piece is:", + "gold_answer": "High frequency and low amplitude do not let the patient perceive pain", + "os_answer": " The advantage of ultra speed hand piece is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Highest incidence of atypical root canal or root among all teeth is seen in", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular 1st premolar", + "os_answer": " The highest incidence of atypical root canal or root among all teeth is seen in the maxillary central incisors.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which Hodgkin\u2019s disease is associated with best prognosis?", + "gold_answer": "Lymphocytic predominance", + "os_answer": " Hodgkin\u2019s disease is associated with worst prognosis. Question: Which Hodgkin\u2019s disease is associated with best treatment? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "________occurs whenever there is an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand.", + "gold_answer": "Stable angina", + "os_answer": " ________occurs when myocardial oxygen supply is inadequate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mutation seen in sickle cell anemia:", + "gold_answer": "Point", + "os_answer": "The mutation is a single base change in the DNA that causes the sickle cell anemia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 6-year old girl presents with fever tor the past 5 days, generalized erythematous rash, strawberry tongue and cervical lymphadenopathy. The most likely diagnosis is: (Asked twice)", + "gold_answer": "Kawasaki disease", + "os_answer": " Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. The patient is treated with acyclovir and is discharged. Question: A 6-year old girl presents with fever tor the past 5 days, generalized erythematous rash, strawberry tongue and cervical lymphadenopathy. The most likely diagnosis is: (Asked twice) ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All the following can lead to damage of the axillary nerve except:", + "gold_answer": "Improper use of crutches", + "os_answer": " 2. The axillary nerve is the nerve that runs from the shoulder to the axilla. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which acid does not show coagulation necrosis on contact?", + "gold_answer": "HF", + "os_answer": " The acid is not coagulated.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In myocardial infarction the first enzyme to rise:", + "gold_answer": "CPK", + "os_answer": " In myocardial infarction the first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme to rise: The first enzyme", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a blood sample antiserum A and antiserum B and Rh +ve factor is added. No agglutination is seen. This is:", + "gold_answer": "O group and Rh-ve", + "os_answer": "A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. U. V. W. X. Y. Z.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 22 years old male presented with history of fever, sore throat and enlarged neck lymph nodes. He was ordered a Paul-Bunnell test with a suspicion of Infectious mononucleosis. What is the immunological basis behind the use of this test?", + "gold_answer": "Heterophile antibody test", + "os_answer": "The Paul-Bunnell test is a serological test for the detection of antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus. The test is based on the detection of antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus in the serum of a patient with infectious mononucleosis. The test is positive if the patient has antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus. The test is negative if the patient has antibodies to other viruses. The test is positive if the patient has antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus and the patient has a positive serological test for the Epstein-Barr virus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Histopathologic study of lichen planus shows:", + "gold_answer": "Presence of T-Lymphocytes predominantly", + "os_answer": "The lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. It is characterized by the presence of lichenoid lesions, which are characterized by the presence of a chronic inflammatory infiltrate. The inflammatory infiltrate is composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes. The histiocytes are the most common cells in the inflammatory infiltrate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The microwave method of processing resin is better than the conventional in that it provides:", + "gold_answer": "Less porosity", + "os_answer": " The microwave method of processing resin is better than the conventional in that it provides a higher degree of conversion of the resin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 19-year-old woman presented with primary amenorrhea, sho stature, webbed neck and widely spaced nipples. Examination showed weak pulses in lower extremity and streak ovaries, raised FSH, no oocyte in histology of ovary. Karyotype most likely to be present:KCET 12; JIPMER 12; AIIMS 13; PGI 13", + "gold_answer": "45XO", + "os_answer": "Karyotype is not present. The patient is a young woman with primary amenorrhea.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The special visceral afferent fibres of the facial nerve are located in which nuclei:", + "gold_answer": "Nucleus of tractus solitarius", + "os_answer": "The facial nerve is a branch of the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. The trigeminal nerve is a branch of the facial nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best investigation for metabolic disorders is?", + "gold_answer": "Tandem mass spectrometry", + "os_answer": "The best investigation for metabolic disorders is to perform a comprehensive metabolic evaluation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Strain is defined as:", + "gold_answer": "A deformation resulting from an applied load", + "os_answer": " A strain is a medicine that is used to treat a disease. Question: What is the difference between a drug and a drug? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which cement is irritating to the pulp?", + "gold_answer": "Zinc phosphate", + "os_answer": " The cement is irritating to the pulp.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "APGAR scores of 30 children are recorded in a hospital and most of the readings are found to be 7 or above. What can you make out about this data distribution?", + "gold_answer": "Negatively skewed data", + "os_answer": "The distribution of the APGAR scores of the children is normal. The mean and standard deviation of the APGAR scores are 7.5 and 1.8 respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the APGAR scores of the children are 7.5 and 1.8 respectively.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Is it possible to remove centric interference and working interference by reducing supporting cusps in natural dentition:", + "gold_answer": "Yes but we should avoid it", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is possible to remove the cusps by reducing the cusps.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is associated with defect in DNA repair", + "gold_answer": "Xeroderma pigmentosum", + "os_answer": " The repair of DNA damage is associated with the repair of DNA damage.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child to emergency with accidental ingestion of cyanide. It blocks citric acid cycle by blocking:", + "gold_answer": "NAO", + "os_answer": "The citric acid cycle is the process by which the body converts glucose to citric acid.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 55-year-old male presents with severe backache for 10 days and urinary incontinence with a H/o Interveebral lumbar disc prolapse. There is no H/o fever or weight loss. What is the likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Cauda equine syndrome", + "os_answer": "The patient is suffering from a lumbar disc prolapse. The disc is bulging into the spinal canal and is causing severe back pain. The disc is prolapsed into the spinal canal and is causing severe back pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fluoride pit and fissure sealants belong to which\ngeneration?", + "gold_answer": "IV", + "os_answer": " Fluoride pit and fissure sealants belong to which generation?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which teeth are least involved in periodontitis?", + "gold_answer": "Lower premolar and upper canine", + "os_answer": "The teeth that are most involved in periodontitis are the teeth that are most exposed to the oral environment. The teeth that are most exposed to the oral environment are the teeth that are most exposed to the oral environment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During voluntary movements, Golgi tendon organ has an impoant role to play because it continuously relays to the efferent neurons:", + "gold_answer": "Tension in the muscle", + "os_answer": "The Golgi tendon organ is a small nerve that is located in the tendon of the thumb. It is a small nerve that is located in the tendon of the thumb.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The hormone, which stimulates uterus contraction and lets down milk, is:", + "gold_answer": "Oxytocin", + "os_answer": " The hormone, which stimulates uterus contraction and lets down milk, is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The function of compensating curve is", + "gold_answer": "To provide balanced occlusion in complete dentures when mandible is protruded", + "os_answer": " The function of compensating curve is to compensate the curve of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "MHC Class II proteins are expressed by:", + "gold_answer": "B-cells, dendritic cells and macrophages", + "os_answer": " MHC Class II proteins are expressed by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Soft tissue curettage is used for:", + "gold_answer": "Shallow pockets with gingivitis", + "os_answer": "1. To remove a tumor. 2. To remove a cyst. 3. To remove a foreign body. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In female adrenal gland secretes which hormone?", + "gold_answer": "DHEA", + "os_answer": " The female adrenal gland secretes which hormone?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the function of Hyperpolarizing Cyclic Nucleotide (HCN) gated channels?", + "gold_answer": "Cardiac rhythm generation", + "os_answer": " HCN channels are involved in the regulation of the membrane potential of neurons. They are also involved in the regulation of the membrane potential of other cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 4 year old child sustained a fracture in central incisor one month ago. On examination, a necrotic pulp was seen with no other pathological findings. The treatment of choice is:", + "gold_answer": "Endodontic treatment and root canal filling with ZOE", + "os_answer": " The child was treated with a combination of antibiotics and local debridement. The child was discharged on the second day of hospitalization. The child was followed up for one month and the healing was satisfactory.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 32 weeks pregnant female presented with labor pains and minimal vaginal discharge, on analysis of the cervicovaginal discharge showed presence of fetal fibronectin. What is the probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Preterm labour", + "os_answer": "Fibronectin is a protein found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. It is a component of the extracellular matrix and is found in the basement membrane of the uterus, cervix, and vagina. It is also found in the synovial fluid of joints and in the synovial membrane.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A65-year-old male adult presents with chronic sinusitis, nasopharyngeal ulcers, cavitatory lung nodules and renal failure. What will be the appropriate next diagnostic step?", + "gold_answer": "ANCA and evaluation for vasculitis", + "os_answer": "The next diagnostic step is to perform a CT scan of the head and neck. The CT scan will show the presence of a large mass in the right paranasal sinus. The mass is likely to be a neoplasm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A midwife at a PI-IC is monitoring pregnancy and maintaining the paograph of pregnancy progression. At how much cervical dilation should the paograph plotting be staed?", + "gold_answer": "4 cm", + "os_answer": " The paograph should be plotted at a cervical dilation of 8 cm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Geniculate neuralgia is caused in the nerve", + "gold_answer": "VII", + "os_answer": "The pain is caused by the nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An absolute indication for LSCS in case of a Heart disease is:", + "gold_answer": "Co-arctation of Aorta", + "os_answer": " A. Heart disease. B. Heart failure. C. Heart attack. D. Stroke. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gene commonly indicated in congenital cataract:", + "gold_answer": "CRYGS-3", + "os_answer": "The gene for the cataract is called cataract gene. The cataract gene is located on chromosome 1. The cataract gene is located on the 1st chromosome.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A case of jaundice with 50% direct bilirubin, other LFTs normal. Diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Rotor syndrome", + "os_answer": "The patient is suffering from acute hepatitis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In examining the edentulous mouth of an aged patient wearing complete maxillary denture against six mandibular teeth, the dentist will see:", + "gold_answer": "Loss of osseous structure in the anterior maxilla", + "os_answer": " The mandibular teeth are in contact with the maxillary teeth. Question: In examining the edentulous mouth of an aged patient wearing complete maxillary denture against six mandibular teeth, the dentist will see: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Von Willebrand factor is secreted by which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Endothelial cells", + "os_answer": " Von Willebrand factor is secreted by which of the following?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are features of systemic Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis except \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Uveitis", + "os_answer": " None of the following are features of systemic Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis except \u2013 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 80 kg male patient presented to the emergency with hypotension and you have been instructed to sta him on an inotrope at a dose of 10 mcg/kg/min. Each 5 mL amp of the drug contains 200 mg drug. You choose 2 ampules of the drug and decide to mix it with saline to make a 250 mL solution. What should be the flow rate of the drug solution to maintain the BP of the patient (assuming 16 drops = 1 mL)?", + "gold_answer": "8 drops/min", + "os_answer": " The flow rate of the drug solution should be 1 mL/min.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A two year old girl child is brought to the out patient with features of hand wringing stereotype movements, impaired language and communication development, breath holding spells, poor social skills and deceleration of head growth after 6 months of age. The most likely diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Rett's syndrome", + "os_answer": "Hand wringing stereotype movements. The child is a two year old girl child.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "How many scores are used in modified Dean's \ufb02uorosis index?", + "gold_answer": "6", + "os_answer": " The modified Dean's \ufb02uorosis index is a score that is calculated by adding the scores of the following items: \ufb02uorosis, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02uorosis of the upper lip, \ufb02", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Topical treatment for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis includes:", + "gold_answer": "Cidofovir", + "os_answer": " Topical treatment for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis includes:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "More than 80% cephalic index of a patient indicates which of the following", + "gold_answer": "Brachycephalic", + "os_answer": " A. The patient is suffering from a disease of the brain. B. The patient is suffering from a disease of the heart. C. The patient is suffering from a disease of the liver. D. The patient is suffering from a disease of the kidneys. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major determinant of loading dose of a drug is", + "gold_answer": "Volume of distribution", + "os_answer": "The loading dose is the dose that is administered to the patient at the time of the first dose of the drug.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Divergence from contact area in proximal surfaces\ncauses embrasures:", + "gold_answer": "Facially, lingually, cervically & occlusally", + "os_answer": " Yes", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Yellowish-brown staining of the IOPA dental X-ray film is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Immersion in fixer without washing", + "os_answer": "The film is yellowish-brown due to the presence of a small amount of calcium.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The process of transfer of information from the RNA to the proteins is called:", + "gold_answer": "Translation", + "os_answer": " The process of transfer of information from the RNA to the proteins is called:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are potentially serious side effects of thioamide group of antithyroid drugs except:", + "gold_answer": "Anaphylaxis", + "os_answer": " None of the following are potentially serious side effects of thioamide group of antithyroid drugs except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In which stage of neurocysticercosis, there is no edema?", + "gold_answer": "Nodular calcified", + "os_answer": " In the stage of the disease, there is no edema.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Antibody-dependent enhancement is implicated in the immunopathogenesis of which disease?", + "gold_answer": "Dengue hemorrhagic fever", + "os_answer": " Antibody-dependent enhancement is implicated in the immunopathogenesis of which disease?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sonic frequency range is:", + "gold_answer": "1500-6000 Hz", + "os_answer": " The frequency range of medicine is: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cause of apical periodontitis is/are:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The root of the tooth is the most important part of the tooth. The root is the part that is the most important part of the tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause of postauricular lymphadenopathy in children :", + "gold_answer": "Pediculosis capitis", + "os_answer": "Postauricular lymphadenopathy is a common condition in children. It is caused by a variety of conditions. The most common cause of postauricular lymphadenopathy in children is lymphoma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infected mandibular angle fracture is treated by?", + "gold_answer": "IMF + ID", + "os_answer": "The fracture is treated by the use of a plate and screws.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The following enzyme is responsible for thirst mechanism during dehydration?", + "gold_answer": "ADH", + "os_answer": "The enzyme is called Na+/K+-ATPase. It is located in the cell membrane of the cells. It is responsible for the transport of sodium ions and potassium ions. It is also responsible for the transport of water. The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of calcium ions. The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of magnesium ions. The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of chloride ions. The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of bicarbonate ions. The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of phosphate ions. The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of inorganic phosphate (Pi). The enzyme is also responsible for the transport of adenosine monophosphate (AMP).", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ptosis may be caused by a lesion of the:", + "gold_answer": "Oculomotor nerve", + "os_answer": " The pituitary gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Neoplasia of blood vessel is called", + "gold_answer": "Angioma", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is called blood vessel.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is innervated by the vagus nerve?", + "gold_answer": "The levator veli palatine (levator palatini)", + "os_answer": " The spinal cord. Question: Which of the following is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A voluntary donor underwent apheresis for platelet donation for the first time after which he developed perioral tingling and numbness. This is seen because", + "gold_answer": "Due to citrate based anticoagulant", + "os_answer": "The donor had a history of perioral tingling and numbness.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A cyst occurs under the tongue, caused by obstruction of a salivary gland. Such a cyst is called:", + "gold_answer": "Ranula", + "os_answer": "A cyst is a collection of fluid in the body. It is a collection of fluid in the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the maximum capacity of Bakri balloon which is used in post paum hemorrhage?", + "gold_answer": "500 mL", + "os_answer": " The maximum capacity of the Bakri balloon is 100 ml.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The primary action of topical fluoride is a:", + "gold_answer": "Conversion of hydroxyapatite to fluoroapatite", + "os_answer": " The primary action of topical fluoride is a:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Among all of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posteriorly present:", + "gold_answer": "Foramen spinosum", + "os_answer": " The most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of the following foramens in the base of skull, which is, the most posterior of", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common pathognomonic sign of mandibular fracture:", + "gold_answer": "Sublingual hematoma.", + "os_answer": "The mandible is a bony structure that is attached to the skull.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Open reduction of condylar fracture is strongly indicated in\n(Or)\nAbsolute indication for open reduction in condylar fractures", + "gold_answer": "Lateral displacement of the condyle (or) Lateral fracture dislocation condyle", + "os_answer": "None", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "BCG is maximally protective against:-", + "gold_answer": "CNS and Disseminated TB", + "os_answer": " BCG is a vaccine against tuberculosis. Question: What is the mechanism of action of BCG? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and was discharged on the same day. On postoperative day 3, he presented to the hospital with fever. Ultra-sonography showed a 5 x 5 cm collection in the right sub diaphragmatic region. What will be the manage!ment?", + "gold_answer": "Pigtail inseion and drainage", + "os_answer": "The patient was admitted to the hospital for further evaluation. The patient was diagnosed with a right sub diaphragmatic abscess. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics and was discharged on the same day. The patient was followed up for one month and was asymptomatic. The patient was discharged on the same day.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pregnant lady is diagnosed to be HBs Ag positive. Which of the following is the best way to prevent infection to the child:", + "gold_answer": "Full course of Hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin to the child", + "os_answer": "1. Avoid contact with the mother. 2. Avoid contact with the mother and the child. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Endocarditis is most commonly seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Aortic stenosis.", + "os_answer": " Endocarditis is most commonly seen in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with multiple loose teeth requires extraction and has mitral stenosis with mild cardiac insufficiency. He is on enalapril, digoxin, and furosemide. The antibiotic of choice to prevent bacterial endocarditis is:", + "gold_answer": "Amoxicillin", + "os_answer": "Amoxicillin. Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. It is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with a history of diabetes for one year with no other complications should have an ophthalmic examination?", + "gold_answer": "As early as feasible", + "os_answer": " The patient should have an ophthalmic examination. Question: A patient with a history of diabetes for one year with no other complications should have an ophthalmic examination? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An I.V. drug abuser presents with fever for 10 days. CXR shows B/L lower lobe consolidation with necrosis and right sided pyopneumothorax. Probable diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "TV endocarditis due to Staph. aureus", + "os_answer": " B/L lower lobe pneumonia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gingival massage increases blood supply in:", + "gold_answer": "Lamina propria", + "os_answer": " The blood supply to the gums is increased by the massage.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are true for light cure composite except:", + "gold_answer": "Polymerization reaction continues for a period of 72 hours", + "os_answer": " The following are true for light cure composite except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The joint which histologically & morphologically best simulate the TMJ is", + "gold_answer": "Sternoclavicular graft", + "os_answer": " The joint which histologically & morphologically best simulate the TMJ is the Anterior Cingulate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Rapid onset of action seen by local anesthesia in small nerve endings is due to", + "gold_answer": "High ratio of surface area to the volume of small nerve fibres", + "os_answer": " The rapid onset of action seen by local anesthesia in small nerve endings is due to the presence of a small amount of local anesthetic in the nerve endings.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acromegaly is associated with", + "gold_answer": "Class. III malocclusion", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Function of Merkel's cells is:", + "gold_answer": "Tactile sensation", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is function of fluoride flux in soldering process?", + "gold_answer": "It prevents the formation of chromium oxide or dissolves chromic oxide layer", + "os_answer": " The flux is used to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the solder. Question: Which of the following is function of flux in soldering process? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hyperparathyroidism is associated with:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " Hyperparathyroidism is associated with:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Surgery on the hard palate of a 3 years old cleft patient may inhibit growth, causing the facial profile to become:", + "gold_answer": "More concave", + "os_answer": "The cleft palate is a congenital defect of the soft palate. It is a common birth defect that occurs in about 1 in every 2,000 live births. The cleft palate is a common birth defect that occurs in about 1 in every 2,000 live births.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 16-year old girl was brought with primary amenorrhea. Her mother mentioned that she staed developing breast at the age of 12. She was prescribed OCPs 2 years back by a doctor with no effect. She was having normal stature and was a football player. On examination, breasts were well developed (Tanner's stage 5) and pubic hair was minimal (Tanner's stage 1). What is the most probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Androgen insensitivity", + "os_answer": " Breast cancer. Question: A 16-year old girl was brought with primary amenorrhea. Her mother mentioned that she staed developing breast at the age of 12. She was prescribed OCPs 2 years back by a doctor with no effect. She was having normal stature and was a football player. On examination, breasts were well developed (Tanner's stage 5) and pubic hair was minimal (Tanner's stage 1). What is the most probable diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Absence of which of the given milestones in a 3 year old child should be called delayed development?", + "gold_answer": "Feeding by spoon", + "os_answer": " The term delayed development is used to describe the child's development, while the term delayed mental development is used to describe the child's mental development. Question: What is the difference between the term delayed development and the term delayed mental development? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following tooth structure during formation\nis most effected due to Vit -A deficiency", + "gold_answer": "Enamel", + "os_answer": " The enamel of the teeth is the hardest part of the tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Brachycephaly is due to fusion of \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Coronal suture", + "os_answer": "The fusion of the two halves of the brain is called a craniosynostosis. The craniosynostosis is a congenital disorder that is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. The disorder is characterized by a fusion of the two halves of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The forces acting through a fixed partial denture on the\nabutment tooth should be directed:", + "gold_answer": "Parallel to the long axis of the teeth", + "os_answer": " The forces acting through a fixed partial denture on the abutment tooth should be directed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Nucleus in brain common to IX, X and XI cranial nerves:", + "gold_answer": "Nucleus ambiguus", + "os_answer": "The nucleus is located in the center of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acromegaly occurs:", + "gold_answer": "After closure of epiphyses of long bones", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fordyce's spots are:", + "gold_answer": "Present on the cheek mucosa lateral to angle of the mouth", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The tipping of a tooth results in the fibers of the PDL to be:", + "gold_answer": "Half compressed half stretched", + "os_answer": " The fibers of the PDL are:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 6-month child presented with diarrhea and vomiting for three days. Which of the following enterotoxin is most likely responsible for the condition?", + "gold_answer": "NSP4", + "os_answer": " Biotoxin. Question: A 6-month child presented with diarrhea and vomiting for three days. Which of the following enterotoxin is most likely responsible for the condition? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common site of CSF Rhinorrhoea is", + "gold_answer": "Cribriform plate", + "os_answer": " The nose.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The primary site of action of antidiuretic hormone is on the:", + "gold_answer": "Distal tubules and collecting ducts in the kidney", + "os_answer": " The primary site of action of antidiuretic hormone is on the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a cerebrohepatorenal syndrome, which of the following accumulate in brain?", + "gold_answer": "Very long-chain fatty acid", + "os_answer": "A. Glucose B. Glutamine C. Glutamate D. Glutathione E. Alanine F. Aspartate G. Glutamate H. Glutathione I. Alanine J. Glutathione K. Glutamine L. Glutamate M. Glutathione N. Glutamine Q. Glutamine R. Glutamine S. Glutamine T. Glutamine U. Glutamate V. Glutamate W. Glutamine X. Glutamine Y. Glutamine Z.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient's cross-infection with sensor, in digital radiography/RVG is prevented by", + "gold_answer": "Cover with impervious barrier", + "os_answer": " The patient's cross-infection with sensor, in digital radiography/RVG is prevented by the use of a filter.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "intermediate of kreb cycle used in heme synthesis;", + "gold_answer": "succinyl-CoA", + "os_answer": " yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient with Type I diabetes mellitus, with complains of polyuria. Which of the following will occur normally in his body?", + "gold_answer": "Increased conversion of fatty acid to acetyl CoA", + "os_answer": " The patient's diabetes mellitus. Question: Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient's polyuria? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The one measurement of fetal maturity that is not affected by a 'bloody tap' during amniocentesis is:", + "gold_answer": "Phosphatidyl glycerol", + "os_answer": " The amniotic fluid volume.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sensitivity in gingival area of class II light cured composite restoration after 2 months is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Improper cavity preparation at gingival margin", + "os_answer": "The sensitivity of the gingival area of the composite restoration is due to the presence of the composite resin. The composite resin is a material that is used to bond the tooth to the restorative material.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which dentifrices should be used for periodontal patients?", + "gold_answer": "Tooth pastes with minimum abrasive content", + "os_answer": "The answer is: none. The reason is that the use of any dentifrice is not recommended for periodontal patients.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young patient is diagnosed to have irreparable tear of the rotator cuff. Treatment of choice will be:", + "gold_answer": "Tendon transfer", + "os_answer": "Surgery. Surgery is the only treatment that can restore the normal function of the shoulder.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 22 year old female in emergency presents with sore throat from 3 days, headache and vomiting, blood pressure 90/50, tiny red spots distal to sphygomomanometer cuff", + "gold_answer": "Neisseria Meningitidis", + "os_answer": "The patient is a 22 year old female with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. She has been taking a statin for the past 3 months. She has been taking a daily dose of 20 mg of simvastatin for the past 3 months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hypogonadism, developmental delay, loss of taste and\nsmell is due to deficiency of:", + "gold_answer": "Zn", + "os_answer": " Hypogonadism, developmental delay, loss of taste and smell is due to deficiency of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Characteristics radiological feature of transient tachypnoea of newborn is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Prominent horizontal fissure", + "os_answer": " The transient tachypnoea of newborn is a transient tachypnoea of newborn that is caused by a transient increase in the heart rate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "16 year girl, Not sexually active, came for vaccination against cervical cancer. Which vaccine to be given", + "gold_answer": "Gardasil", + "os_answer": " HPV vaccine. Question: 16 year old girl, Not sexually active, came for vaccination against cervical cancer. Which vaccine to be given ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tuberculin test is a cheap and easily available test. In which of the following situations there is high failure in the interpretation of the test?", + "gold_answer": "High percentage of immunized people", + "os_answer": "1. When the test is performed in a hospital. 2. When the test is performed in a private clinic. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following parameters is used to determine the sensitivity of vaccine due to heat?", + "gold_answer": "VVM", + "os_answer": " The temperature of the vaccine is measured. Question: Which of the following is the most important parameter for determining the sensitivity of vaccine due to cold? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young man was on high protein diet. After 3 days he developed weakness. Blood investigation revealed hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is due to inhibition of which of the following enzymes", + "gold_answer": "PEP carboxylase", + "os_answer": " 1. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2. Phosphoglucomutase 3. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 4. Phosphogluconate kinase 5. Phosphogluconate aldolase 6. Phosphogluconate aldolase 7. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 8. Phosphogluconate kinase 9. Phosphogluconate aldolase 10. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 11. Phosphogluconate kinase 12. Phosphogluconate aldolase 13. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 14. Phosphogluconate kinase 15. Phosphogluconate aldolase 16. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 17. Phosphogluconate kinase 18. Phosphogluconate aldolase 19. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 20. Phosphogluconate kinase 21. Phosphogluconate aldolase 22. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 23. Phosphogluconate kinase 24. Phosphogluconate aldolase 25. Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 26. Ph", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If multiple firing is done to opaque layer of dental porcelain than It become", + "gold_answer": "Too glazed", + "os_answer": " If multiple firing is done to opaque layer of dental porcelain than It become ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Distolingual extension of the mandibular impression for \na complete denture is limited by the action of:", + "gold_answer": "Superior constrictor muscle", + "os_answer": " The mandibular impression is limited by the action of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Upper lip is formed by the fusion of:", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary, lateral nasal, median nasal process.", + "os_answer": " The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by the fusion of: The upper lip is formed by", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Increased Monocytic count is seen in Typhoid and which of the following conditions?", + "gold_answer": "Sub-Acute Bacterial Endocarditis", + "os_answer": " Typhoid Fever ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If 2 Implants of size 4 mm are to be placed in a ridge, what should be the minimum width required in the ridge", + "gold_answer": "14 mm", + "os_answer": " The width of the ridge should be at least 4 mm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Elderly female present with pain and swelling in the thigh. Xray shows multiple lytic lesions in distal femur with no periosteal reaction. Aspirate from the swelling shows homogenous serosanguinous fluid with RBCs. Which investigation can confirm the diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "S. PTH levels", + "os_answer": "The diagnosis of osteomyelitis is confirmed by the presence of purulent material in the aspirate. The presence of RBCs in the aspirate is not diagnostic. The presence of RBCs in the aspirate does not exclude osteomyelitis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The antidote for heparin is:", + "gold_answer": "Protamine sulphate", + "os_answer": " The antidote for heparin is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is a tool used in gene editing?", + "gold_answer": "CRISPR", + "os_answer": " CRISPR-Cas9. Question: Which of the following is a tool used in gene editing? ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following muscles causes the forward movement of the condyle in the glenoid fossa?", + "gold_answer": "Lateral pterygoid", + "os_answer": " The posterior superior iliac spine. Question: Which of the following muscles causes the backward movement of the condyle in the glenoid fossa? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following features are suggestive of asbestosis except:", + "gold_answer": "Occurs within five years of exposure", + "os_answer": " None of the following features is suggestive of asbestosis. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The surgical registrar successfully performs a testicu!lar biopsy and hands over the specimen to the attend!ing nurse. The sister asks you how to send the speci!men to the pathologist. What fluid will you tell the sister to put the specimen in?", + "gold_answer": "Bouin's solution", + "os_answer": "The sister will put the specimen in a fluid that will be sent to the pathologist.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common phobia in chilhood:", + "gold_answer": "Zoophobia", + "os_answer": " Fear of needles. Question: What is the most common phobia in chilhood? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The finish line used in complete metal cast crown is:", + "gold_answer": "Chamfer", + "os_answer": " The finish line used in complete metal cast crown is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 4-year old girl presents with severe vomiting after a viral fever of 5 days. She is hospitalized and develops cerebral edema. Liver biopsy is most likely to demonstrate w hich of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Marked microvesicular steatosis", + "os_answer": " A. B. C. D. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The carat for Au foil used for restorations is:", + "gold_answer": "24", + "os_answer": " The carat for Au foil used for restorations is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are suggestive of domestic violence in a child except:", + "gold_answer": "Wormian bones", + "os_answer": " None of the following are suggestive of domestic violence in a child except: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What should be ideal depth of MTA for root end filling material?", + "gold_answer": "3 mm", + "os_answer": " The ideal depth of MTA for root end filling material is between 2 and 3 mm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following muscle divides the sub-mandibular gland into a superficial and deep part?", + "gold_answer": "Mylohyoid", + "os_answer": " The superficial part of the gland is the part that is located in the mouth and the deep part is the part that is located in the neck.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Renal osteodystrophy differs from nutritional and genetic form of osteomaLacia in having:", + "gold_answer": "Hyperphosphatemia", + "os_answer": "1. A bone mass of less than 1.5 cm2. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The advantage of glass ionomer cement reinforced with metal particles is:", + "gold_answer": "Increased resistance to abrasion", + "os_answer": " The advantage of glass ionomer cement reinforced with metal particles is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best guide for the management of Resuscitation is:", + "gold_answer": "Urine output", + "os_answer": " The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for the management of Resuscitation is: The best guide for", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are structures lying deep to the hyoglossus muscle except:", + "gold_answer": "Hypoglossal nerve", + "os_answer": "The hyoglossus muscle is a muscle that lies deep to the hyoid bone. The hyoid bone is a bone that lies deep to the tongue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Oral prophylaxis is contraindicated in:", + "gold_answer": "Leukemic gingivitis", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is contraindicated in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Injury to the right mandibular nerve as it passes through foramen ovale produces the following effects:", + "gold_answer": "Loss of general sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue", + "os_answer": "1. The nerve is compressed. 2. The nerve is irritated. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cross section of the root most prone to vertical root fracture is", + "gold_answer": "Oval", + "os_answer": " The cross section of the root most prone to vertical root fracture is the middle third of the root.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient who is on a regimen of steroid therapy and has need for extraction of chronically infected teeth requires premedication with", + "gold_answer": "Antibiotics", + "os_answer": "The patient should be given a single dose of an antibiotic, such as amoxicillin, before the procedure.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 6\u2013month old boy weighing 3.2 kg presents with recurrent vomiting and polyuria. Investigations show blood area 60 mg/dl creatinine 0.7 mg/dL, calcium 12.8 mg/dL, phosphate 3 mg/dL, pH 7.45, bicarbonate 25 mEq/L and PTH 140 pg ml (normal <60 pg/ml). Daily urinary calcium excretion is reduced. Ultrasound abdomen show bilateral nephrocalcinosis. The most likely diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Mutation of the calcium sensing receptor", + "os_answer": " Renal calcium phosphate nephrocalcinosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Type of mouth breathing can be:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above.", + "os_answer": " Breathing through the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acetyl choline release can be increased from presynaptic membrane by:", + "gold_answer": "Blocking voltage gated K+ channels on presynaptic membrane", + "os_answer": "1. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A woman comes with obstructed labour and is grossly dehydrated. Investigations reveal fetal demise. What will be the management ?", + "gold_answer": "Cesarean section", + "os_answer": " The management is to give her fluids and to give her pain relief. The baby will be born alive.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "When a patient is asked to say 'ah' , if the uvula is drawn upwards to the left, the cranial nerve likely to be damaged is", + "gold_answer": "Rt accessory", + "os_answer": "The left cranial nerve is the one that is most likely to be damaged. The right cranial nerve is the one that is most likely to be damaged.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following best describes the resistance form in endodontic root canal preparation?", + "gold_answer": "The establishment of apical tug back resistance to prevent the apical root fracture during obturation", + "os_answer": " The resistance form is a resistance to the flow of the root canal filling material. Question: Which of the following best describes the resistance form in endodontic root canal preparation? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Nimodipine is approved for use in:", + "gold_answer": "Subarachnoid hemorrhage", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is approved for use in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The first instrument used on the facial surfaces of gingiva while gingivectomy is:", + "gold_answer": "Kirkland's knife", + "os_answer": " The first instrument used on the facial surfaces of gingiva while gingivectomy is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Internal occlusal rest provided in partial denture does not provide:", + "gold_answer": "Retention", + "os_answer": "The occlusal rest provided in partial denture is not sufficient to provide the occlusal force required for the occlusal adjustment. The occlusal force required for the occlusal adjustment is provided by the occlusal adjustment device.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The feature that distinguishes herpes zoster from other \nvesiculo butlous eruptions is", + "gold_answer": "Unilateral occurrence", + "os_answer": " The feature that distinguishes herpes zoster from other \nvesiculo butlous eruptions is the presence of a rash.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Resistance to corrosion in a cobalt-chrome casting is due to presence of:", + "gold_answer": "Chrome", + "os_answer": " A. B. C. D. E.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 60-year-old chronic smoker presented with progres-sive jaundice, pruritus and clay colored stools for 2 months. History of waxing and waning of jaundice was present. A CT scan revealed dilated main pancre-atic duct and common bile duct. What is the likely di-agnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Periampullary carcinoma", + "os_answer": " The diagnosis is cholangitis. The patient was treated with antibiotics and the jaundice resolved.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For statistical test output of p value is interpreted as", + "gold_answer": "Rejective Ho, p <0.05", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the most frequently used restorative material?", + "gold_answer": "Amalgam", + "os_answer": " The most frequently used material for filling cavities is porcelain. Question: What is the most frequently used material for filling cavities? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Magnesium is needed for the activity of which enzyme?", + "gold_answer": "ATPase", + "os_answer": " Magnesium is needed for the activity of which enzyme?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anterior 2/3rd of tongue is supplied by", + "gold_answer": "Facial nerve", + "os_answer": " The anterior 2/3rd of the tongue is supplied by the lingual artery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What percentage of cases of mandibular incisors have single apical foramen", + "gold_answer": "97.80%", + "os_answer": " The percentage of cases of mandibular incisors with single apical foramen is about 1%.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Condensation shrinkage of porcelain during firing depends on:", + "gold_answer": "Shape and size of particle.", + "os_answer": "The shrinkage is caused by the shrinkage of the porcelain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Iron is taken up into enterocytes through which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "DMT-1", + "os_answer": " Diarrhea is caused by a number of different conditions. Question: What is the most common cause of constipation? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not associated with GDM (Gestational DM)?", + "gold_answer": "Hypeension", + "os_answer": " GDM is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A person on fat free carbohydrate rich diet continues to grow obese. Which of the following lipoproteins is likely to be elevated in his blood?", + "gold_answer": "VLDL", + "os_answer": " HDL. Question: A person on fat free carbohydrate rich diet continues to grow obese. Which of the following lipoproteins is likely to be elevated in his blood? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The non-invasive method to measure the blood flow is:", + "gold_answer": "Laser Doppler flowmetry", + "os_answer": " The non-invasive method to measure the blood flow is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which antibiotic is effective against pseudomonas and indole +ve proteus?", + "gold_answer": "Carbenicillin", + "os_answer": " Penicillin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following analysis helps in determining the disproportion in the size between maxillary and mandibular teeth?", + "gold_answer": "Bolton's analysis", + "os_answer": "The analysis of the maxillary and mandibular teeth is the most important part of the dental examination.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Trismus is due to inflammation of:", + "gold_answer": "Medial pterygoid", + "os_answer": " Trismus is due to inflammation of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of choice in childhood thyrotoxicosis :", + "gold_answer": "Carbimazole", + "os_answer": "Thyroid hormone is a hormone that is produced by the thyroid gland. It is a hormone that is produced by the thyroid gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The skin of a patient undergoing radiotherapy will show\nafter 2 weeks?", + "gold_answer": "Erythema", + "os_answer": " The skin of a patient undergoing radiotherapy will show after 2 weeks?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For intrusive luxation injuries, \ufb01xation period is about:", + "gold_answer": "4 weeks", + "os_answer": " The time from the injury to the first sensation of pain. Question: For the treatment of a luxation injury, \ufb01xation period is about: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Interruption of the optic chiasm will lead to:", + "gold_answer": "Bitemporal hemianopia", + "os_answer": "The optic nerve will be severed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The function of posterior palatal seal is:", + "gold_answer": "To ensure a complete seal thus helping in retention of a denture", + "os_answer": " The function of posterior palatal seal is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are true about property of polymethyl methacrylate except:", + "gold_answer": "Tensile strength 29Mpa.", + "os_answer": " Polymethyl methacrylate is a plastic material. Question: All of the following are true about the law of gravity except: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A lateral sliding flap done on a tooth with roots denuded for 6 years will show", + "gold_answer": "Epithelium adjacent to previously denuded root surface", + "os_answer": "The root canals are not completely blocked.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A person is criminally not responsible for his actions if at the time of doing it by reason of unsoundness of mind, in incapable of knowing the nature of the act or that he is doing what is either wrong or contrary to the law.", + "gold_answer": "McNaughten rule", + "os_answer": " A person is criminally not responsible for his actions if at the time of doing it by reason of unsoundness of mind, in incapable of knowing the nature of the act or that he is doing what is either wrong or contrary to the law.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Core built up on a molar tooth should preferably be done with a chemically cured composite as:", + "gold_answer": "Its lower viscosity allows free flow of resin also around pins and post", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In dislocation of the jaw, displacement of the\narticular disc beyond the articular tubercle of the temporomandibular joint results from spasm or excessive contraction of the following muscle?", + "gold_answer": "Lateral pterygoid", + "os_answer": " The masseter muscle. Question: In dislocation of the jaw, displacement of the\narticular disc beyond the articular tubercle of the temporomandibular joint results from spasm or excessive contraction of the following muscle? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "40-year male patient who was a known smoker presents in AIIMS OPD with fever, latigue, jaundice, yellow colored urine with clay colored stools. For the past few days he had developed aversion to cigarette smoking. On examination scleral icterus was present. LFT are:Total Bill18.5Direct Bill7.5SGOT723SGPT812What investigations will you send for ruling out acute viral hepatitis?", + "gold_answer": "AntiHAV, HBsAg, IgM antiHBc, AntiHCV", + "os_answer": " Acute viral hepatitis. What is the most likely cause of the acute viral hepatitis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Thirty-eight children consumed eatables procured from a single source at a picnic party. Twenty children developed abdominal cramps followed by vomiting and watery diarrhea 6-10 hours after the party. The most likely etiology for the outbreak is:", + "gold_answer": "Clostridium perfringens infection", + "os_answer": " The most likely etiology for the outbreak is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young female presented with vaginal itching and green frothy genital discharge. Strawberry vagina is seen on examination. What w ill be the drug of choice?", + "gold_answer": "Metronidazole", + "os_answer": "The drug of choice is a topical steroid. The drug is applied to the vaginal area for a period of time.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient who has recently received a pair of complete denture complains of difficulty in swallowing. The reason for this is most likely to be:", + "gold_answer": "Excessive vertical dimension of occlusion with resulting decrease in interacclusal distance", + "os_answer": "The patient has a problem with the denture. The denture is not working properly. The patient is not eating well. The patient is not taking his medication as prescribed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hardness of stone surface is affected by?", + "gold_answer": "Hydrocolloid impression material", + "os_answer": " Hardness of stone surface is affected by?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cleft in facial region;", + "gold_answer": "Absence or deficiency of mesodermal mass or other failure to penetrate ectodermal grooves", + "os_answer": "The cleft is located in the upper lip. The cleft is a defect in the lip. The lip is a part of the face.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The upper denture falls when the patient opens his\nmouth wide. This is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Thick disto-buccal flange", + "os_answer": " The upper denture falls when the patient opens his mouth wide. This is due to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Overload of denture base is caused by:", + "gold_answer": "Small bases", + "os_answer": "The denture base is too heavy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If during access opening of a maxillary incisor perforation occurs on labial surface just above CEJ, reason is?", + "gold_answer": "Inability to assess the lingual inclination of crown to root", + "os_answer": "The reason is that the maxillary incisor perforation is located on the labial surface of the maxillary incisor. The maxillary incisor is a tooth that is located on the labial surface of the maxillary incisor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For periodontal patients, the most frequently recommended tooth brushing technique is:", + "gold_answer": "Sulcular technique", + "os_answer": " The most frequently recommended tooth brushing technique is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Endontically treated posterior teeth are more susceptible to fracture than untreated one because:", + "gold_answer": "Loss of coronal structure.", + "os_answer": "The reason is that the endodontic treatment is more effective than the non-endodontic treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lidocaine is used more commonly in dentistry because :", + "gold_answer": "Causes lesser incidence of allergic reactions.", + "os_answer": "Lidocaine is used more commonly in dentistry because it is a local anesthetic. It is used to numb the area of the mouth. It is also used to numb the tongue. It is used to numb the lips. It is used to numb the tongue and lips.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Negative rake angle means:", + "gold_answer": "Rake face is ahead of radial line.", + "os_answer": " The rake angle is negative.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lateral pedicle flap is used for", + "gold_answer": "Recession coverage", + "os_answer": "The lateral pedicle flap is used for the treatment of the defect of the lateral side of the knee joint.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anterior division of mandibular nerve has:", + "gold_answer": "One sensory and all motor branches", + "os_answer": "The anterior division of the mandibular nerve is the largest branch of the mandibular nerve. It is located in the mandibular foramen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Transfusion-associated malaria has a shoer incubation period because of the presence in blood of:", + "gold_answer": "Trophozoites", + "os_answer": "The blood of the donor is not infected with malaria parasites. The blood of the recipient is infected with malaria parasites.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tooth most frequently requiring RCT is:", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular 1st molar", + "os_answer": " Tooth most frequently requiring RCT is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A study finds no significant association between two variables but truly there exists a difference. What type of error is this?", + "gold_answer": "Type II error", + "os_answer": " A Type I error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is false. A Type II error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type III error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is false. A Type IV error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type V error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type VI error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type VII error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type VIII error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type IX error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type X error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type XI error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type XII error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type XIII error is when the null hypothesis is true, but the alternative hypothesis is true. A Type XIV error is when the null hypothesis", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "While performing Burch operation there was significant bleeding and pooting of blood in the space of Retzius. The source of bleeding cannot be visualized. What is the next step in the management?", + "gold_answer": "Lift endopelvic fascia by putting fingers in vagina", + "os_answer": "The bleeding is due to the presence of a tumor in the space of Retzius. The bleeding is controlled by the use of a suture.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Radiation causes cell death by:", + "gold_answer": "Ionization", + "os_answer": " Radiation causes cell death by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of head injury is intubated and ventilated. The ideal mode of ventilation in him would be:", + "gold_answer": "CMV", + "os_answer": " A. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) B. Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) C. Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) D. Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) E. Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) F. Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The lateral lingual swellings and tuberculum impar give rise to:", + "gold_answer": "Anterior 2/3 of tongue", + "os_answer": " The lateral lingual swellings and tuberculum impar give rise to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Impression compound has which of the following characteristic property?", + "gold_answer": "Low thermal conductivity", + "os_answer": " It is a medicine. Question: Which of the following is not a medicine? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In pregnancy, the most common cause of transient- diabetes insipidus is:", + "gold_answer": "Severe preeclampsia", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of transient- diabetes insipidus is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is used in the management of haemophillic patient?", + "gold_answer": "Tranxemic acid", + "os_answer": " A. Antibiotics B. Anticoagulants C. Antihistamines D. Antihypertensives E. Antihypertensive drugs F. Antihypertensive drugs G. Antihypertensive drugs H. Antihypertensive drugs I. Antihypertensive drugs J. Antihypertensive drugs K. Antihypertensive drugs L. Antihypertensive drugs M. Antihypertensive drugs N. Antihypertensive drugs O. Antihypertensive drugs P. Antihypertensive drugs Q. Antihypertensive drugs R. Antihypertensive drugs S. Antihypertensive drugs T. Antihypertensive drugs U. Antihypertensive drugs V. Antihypertensive drugs W. Antihypertensive drugs X. Antihypertensive drugs Y. Antihypertensive drugs Z. Antihypertensive drugs", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After a class V amalgam restoration, patient experiences pain, which may be due to?", + "gold_answer": "Any of the above", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of a patient experiencing pain after a dental restoration is the presence of the amalgam. Question: What is the most common cause of a patient experiencing pain after a dental restoration? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A man comes with aphasia. He is unable to name things and repetition is poor. However comprehension, fluency and understanding written words is unaffected. He is probably suffering from:", + "gold_answer": "Conduction aphasia", + "os_answer": "Aphasia. Aphasia is a condition in which the ability to speak and write is impaired. It is a type of communication disorder. Aphasia is a type of communication disorder.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Korffs fibres are seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Mantle dentin", + "os_answer": "1. The skin. 2. The mucous membranes. 3. The mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. 4. The mucous membranes of the digestive tract. 5. The mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract. 6. The mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract. 7.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "ABCDE mnemonic is used for which disease?", + "gold_answer": "Melanoma", + "os_answer": " A, B, C, D, E.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Boiled lobster syndrome is seen in poisoning of:", + "gold_answer": "Boric acid", + "os_answer": "The lobster is boiled in water with a little salt. The salt is added to the water to make it more salty. The lobster is then boiled for a few minutes. The salt is then removed from the water and the lobster is allowed to cool. The salt is then added back to the water and the lobster is boiled again.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fate of IDL(Intermediate Density Lipoprotein) in plasma", + "gold_answer": "Both 1 and 2", + "os_answer": "IDL is a lipoprotein that is secreted by the liver. It is a component of the lipoprotein particle called apolipoprotein B-100. IDL is a protein that is secreted by the liver.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 55-year-old male presents with renal failure. He gives a history of mild bone pains for the last 7 years. X-ray pelvis shows osteolytic lesions. Serum electrophoresis reveals a M spike. Peripheral blood evaluation showed rouleaux formation of RBCs with 35% plasma cells. Bone marrow examination showed a increase in plasma cells with aberrant antigen expression. The most likely diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Multiple myeloma", + "os_answer": "A. RBCs with aberrant antigen expression. B. RBCs with aberrant antigen expression and M spike. C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anterior limit of infratemporal fossa is:", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary posterior wall", + "os_answer": "The anterior limit of the infratemporal fossa is the point where the infratemporal fossa meets the temporal bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the diluting segment of kidney?", + "gold_answer": "Ascending thick loop Henle", + "os_answer": " The diluting segment of the kidney is the segment of the kidney that is responsible for the production of urine. Question: Which of the following is the diluting segment of the kidney? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The principal reason for placing an aluminium filter in\nthe primary beam of radiation is to:", + "gold_answer": "Reduce radiation to the skin of the patient", + "os_answer": " The principal reason for placing an aluminium filter in the primary beam of radiation is to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Golgi tendon organs used to detect ?", + "gold_answer": "Tension of muscle", + "os_answer": "The Golgi tendon organs are used to detect the presence of the Golgi tendon organs.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Function of WHO collaborating centers:", + "gold_answer": "Collection, collation and dissemination of information", + "os_answer": " The WHO Collaborating Centres are the centers that are responsible for the coordination of the activities of the WHO. They are responsible for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities of the WHO in the field of health and for the coordination of the activities", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young man was on high protein diet and raw eggs. After 3 days he developed weakness. Blood investigation revealed hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is due to inhibition of which of the following enzymes", + "gold_answer": "Pyruvate Carboxylase", + "os_answer": " 1. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 3. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 4. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 5. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 6. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 7. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 8. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 9. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 10. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 11. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 12. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 13. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 14. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 15. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 16. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 17. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 18. Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 19. Gluc", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 70 years old patient presents with a lesion on the cheek with raised, pearly borders and with telangiectasias on surface of the lesion. What is the likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Basal cell carcinoma", + "os_answer": "The lesion is a metastasis of a squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. The patient is a 70 years old male.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 12 - year - old boy had a cut in his forearm 4 days ago. Now the bleeding has been stopped due to granulation tissue formation. While taking a skin biopsy a pa of the granulation tissue was also included in the specimen. The histology of granulation tissue is shown below. Which type of collagen is found in this granulation tissue?", + "gold_answer": "Type 3", + "os_answer": " Type I collagen is found in the granulation tissue. Type II collagen is found in the skin. Type III collagen is found in the bone. Type IV collagen is found in the cartilage. Type V collagen is found in the tendon. Type VI collagen is found in the ligament. Type VII collagen is found in the skin. Type VIII collagen is found in the cartilage. Type IX collagen is found in the tendon. Type X collagen is found in the ligament. Type XI collagen is found in the skin. Type XII collagen is found in the cartilage. Type XIII collagen is found in the tendon. Type XIV collagen is found in the ligament. Type XV collagen is found in the skin. Type XVI collagen is found in the cartilage. Type XVII collagen is found in the tendon. Type XVIII collagen is found in the ligament. Type XIX collagen is found in the skin. Type XX collagen is found in the cartilage. Type XXI collagen is found in the tendon. Type XXII collagen is found in the ligament. Type XXIII collagen is found in the cartilage. Type XXIV collagen is found in the tendon. Type XXV collagen is found in the ligament. Type XXVI collagen is found in the cart", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 61 years old post-menopausal woman with a family history of ovarian cancer presents with pain abdomen. She is on hormone replacement therapy. An abdominal ultrasound revealed a smooth cyst in the right ovary. What should be done next?", + "gold_answer": "Check CA-125 levels and advise regular follow-up if normal", + "os_answer": "The cyst is a benign ovarian cyst. It is a common benign ovarian cyst that is usually asymptomatic. It is usually asymptomatic and is usually asymptomatic.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A drug X was given continuous intravenous infusion at 1.6 mg/min. The clearance of the drug is 640 mL/min. With a half-life of 1.8 hours, what would be the steady state plasma concentration of drug?", + "gold_answer": "0.002 mg/mL", + "os_answer": " The steady state plasma concentration of drug is 0.5 mg/L.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is seen in Asherman syndrome?", + "gold_answer": "Hypomenorrhea", + "os_answer": " The patient is seen to have a high level of serum IgE. Question: Which of these is seen in Asherman syndrome? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is:", + "gold_answer": "Thyroid surgery", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Numbness on shaving after parotidectomy due to which nerve injury?", + "gold_answer": "Auriculotemporal nerve", + "os_answer": "The nerve injury is due to the nerve injury.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "While performing biomechanical preparation, apical constriction is enlarged to 50 sized instrument. What would be the next step?", + "gold_answer": "Reinstrument with larger instrument 1 mm short of previous preparation", + "os_answer": "The next step is to perform the apical constriction.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Root value of cremaster reflex is", + "gold_answer": "L1, L2", + "os_answer": "1. The root value of the cremaster reflex is 1.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are true about venous drainage of esophagus except:", + "gold_answer": "The cervical esophagus drains directly into the right brachiocephalic vein", + "os_answer": " The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the stomach and the esophagus. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Patient in medical intensive care unit who is intubated ,suddenly removes the endotracheal tube. What should be done next?", + "gold_answer": "Assess the patient and give bag and mask ventilation and look for spontaneous breathing", + "os_answer": "The patient should be transferred to the ICU. The patient should be intubated and the endotracheal tube should be removed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most commonly missing tooth is", + "gold_answer": "Lower 3rd molar", + "os_answer": " Most commonly missing tooth is a tooth that is missing because of a disease or injury.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chewing stroke starts from?", + "gold_answer": "CR or CO depends on patient to patient", + "os_answer": " Stroke starts from the inside of the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pregnant female with known cardiac disease presents to you in the first trimester with history of warfarin embryopathy what should be advised now?", + "gold_answer": "Replace warfarin with heparin in First trimester", + "os_answer": "Warfarin embryopathy is a rare but serious complication of warfarin therapy. It is a rare but serious complication of warfarin therapy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which muscle is responsible for translation of condyle?", + "gold_answer": "Lateral pterygoid", + "os_answer": " The medial head of the condyle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Average daily dose of vitamin-C is:", + "gold_answer": "50 - 60 mg", + "os_answer": " 1,000 mg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A mother is exposed to Diethyl stilbesterol during pregnancy. All the following features may be seen in the child after birth except :", + "gold_answer": "Microglandular hyperplasia", + "os_answer": " The child is born with a normal body weight. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "which one of the following shows 'Blueberry lips'?", + "gold_answer": "MEN syndrome", + "os_answer": " Blueberry lips.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A surgeon with less experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy while doing laparoscopic surgery found some stone in common bile duct. What should he ideally do?", + "gold_answer": "Open CBD exploration", + "os_answer": "The surgeon should be aware of the possibility of common bile duct stone formation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Macrocephaly is seen in which of the following syndromes ?", + "gold_answer": "Canavan's disease", + "os_answer": " Macrocephaly is seen in which of the following syndromes?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The 3 embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm are derived from:", + "gold_answer": "Epiblast only", + "os_answer": "The ectoderm is derived from the ectoderm of the blastula. The mesoderm is derived from the mesoderm of the blastula. The endoderm is derived from the endoderm of the blastula. The ectoderm and mesoderm are derived from the ectoderm and mesoderm of the blastula. The endoderm and mesoderm are derived from the endoderm and mesoderm of the blastula.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presented with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma. Salbutamol inhalation didn't improve the condition of the patient. So, intravenous coicosteroids and aminophylline were added and the condition improved. What is the mechanism of action of coicosteroids in this condition?", + "gold_answer": "They increase bronchial responsiveness to salbutamol", + "os_answer": "Coicosteroids are a group of drugs that are used to treat a variety of conditions. They are used to treat inflammation, fever, and infection. They are also used to treat asthma. They are used to treat bronchitis, pneumonia, and other respiratory conditions. They are also used to treat allergic rhinitis. They are also used to treat sinusitis. They are also used to treat skin conditions. They are also used to treat arthritis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A mucostatic impression for a prosthesis is taken for which of the following cases", + "gold_answer": "Upper RPD with Kennedy IV classification", + "os_answer": "1. The impression is taken for a prosthesis which is not in use. 2. The impression is taken for a prosthesis which is in use. 3. The impression is taken for a prosthesis which is in use and which is not in use. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best preferred biochemical marker for MI", + "gold_answer": "CPK MB", + "os_answer": "The best preferred biochemical marker for MI is the serum troponin I. The troponin I is a protein that is released into the blood stream when the heart muscle is damaged.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Reichert's cartilage is:", + "gold_answer": "2nd arch cartilage.", + "os_answer": "Reichert's cartilage is a cartilage that is found in the joints of the body. It is a type of cartilage that is found in the joints of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An epithelial lining is typically found in all of the following except:", + "gold_answer": "Aneurismal bone cysts", + "os_answer": " The lining of the mouth, the lining of the nose, the lining of the eyes, the lining of the vagina, the lining of the digestive tract, the lining of the reproductive tract, the lining of the skin, the lining of the hair, the lining of the nails, the lining of the mucous membranes, the lining of the blood vessels, the lining of the lymphatic system, the lining of the bone marrow, the lining of the central nervous system, the lining of the skin, the lining of the mucous membranes, the lining of the blood vessels, the lining of the lymphatic system, the lining of the bone marrow, the lining of the central nervous system, the lining of the skin, the lining of the mucous membranes, the lining of the blood vessels, the lining of the lymphatic system, the lining of the bone marrow, the lining of the central nervous system, the lining of the skin, the lining of the mucous membranes, the lining of the blood vessels, the lining of the lymphatic system, the lining of the bone marrow, the lining of the central nervous system, the lining of the skin, the lining of the mucous membranes, the lining of the blood vessels, the lining of the lymphatic system, the", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Patient is having Ph- 7.12, HCO3- 28 and PCO2- S0mmhg. What is the acid base disorder in this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation", + "os_answer": "The patient has a disorder of the acid base balance.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes:", + "gold_answer": "Type I collagen", + "os_answer": " Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone primarily secretes: Fibroblasts in cell-rich zone", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young female patient presents with jaundice and elevated liver enzymes. She has a history of two smilar episodes in the past. Her serum ANA was 1:40 and IgG was 2400 IU. Her serum copper levels were normal and viral markers were negative. A liver biopsy was carried out and based on the pathology repo, you treated her with immunosuppressants and the patient's condition improved. What was the most likely finding on pathology repo to suggest the treatment?", + "gold_answer": "Autoimmune hepatitis", + "os_answer": "The most likely finding on pathology repo to suggest the treatment was a chronic hepatitis. The patient had a history of two episodes of hepatitis in the past. The patient had a normal serum copper level and viral markers were negative.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On applying pressure on angle of jaw while maintaining patent airway which nerve is likely to be damaged:", + "gold_answer": "7th", + "os_answer": " The maxillary nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Diffuse mottling of retina with focal areas of increased and decreased pigmentation between posterior pole and equator (Salt and pepper retinopathy) is observed in all of the following except:", + "gold_answer": "Resolving retinal detachment", + "os_answer": "The retina is diffusely mottled with focal areas of increased and decreased pigmentation between the posterior pole and the equator. The mottling is most prominent in the periphery and is most prominent in the periphery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Birth weight of a baby can be increased by:", + "gold_answer": "Cessation of smoking", + "os_answer": " 1. Giving the baby a bottle of formula. 2. Giving the baby a bottle of breast milk. 3. Giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk. 4. Giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk. 5. Giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast milk and giving the baby a bottle of formula and breast", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Z tracking technique is used in?", + "gold_answer": "Administering long acting antipsychotic", + "os_answer": " The most common side effect of Z tracking technique is headache. Question: What is the most common side effect of Z tracking technique? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ex-Press glaucoma implant is made up of?", + "gold_answer": "Stainless steel", + "os_answer": "The implant is made up of a plastic tube that is inserted into the eye. The tube is made up of a plastic tube that is inserted into the eye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child presents with high grade fever, inspiratory stridor and develops swallowing difficulty with drooling of saliva since last 4-6 hours. Which of the following treatment is recommended apa from general airway management?", + "gold_answer": "Nebulized racemic epinephrine", + "os_answer": " The child should be treated with antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A measure of location which divides the distribution the ratio of 3:1 is:", + "gold_answer": "Third quartile", + "os_answer": " A. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 1s. B. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 2s. C. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 4s. D. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 5s. E. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 6s. F. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 7s. G. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 8s. H. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 9s. I. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 10s. J. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3s to the number of 11s. K. The ratio of 3:1 is the ratio of the number of 3", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presents to your clinic for evaluation of defective hearing. Rinne's test shows air conduction greater than the bone conduction on both sides with Weber test lateralized to right ear. What is the next logical step?", + "gold_answer": "Schwabach's test", + "os_answer": "Rinne's test is a good test for hearing loss. However, Weber test is a good test for hearing loss. The Weber test is a good test for hearing loss.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Phenol red thread test is used for dry eye:", + "gold_answer": "In the test, volume of tears is measured as it changes color on contact with tears", + "os_answer": "The phenol red thread test is used for dry eye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Organism which causes bacterial endocarditis:", + "gold_answer": "Streptococcus viridans", + "os_answer": "Bacterial endocarditis is caused by bacteria that enter the blood stream through the heart. The bacteria then enter the heart and cause inflammation of the heart valves. The inflammation of the heart valves causes the heart to stop beating. The bacteria then enter the blood stream and cause the bacteria to multiply.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lesions of oral tuberculosis are associated with all the following except:", + "gold_answer": "Hyaline degeneration", + "os_answer": " The lesions of oral tuberculosis are associated with all the following except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A surgeon decides to operate a patient of carcinoma cecum and perform a right hemicolectomy through a midline laparotomy approach. You have been instructed to prepare the pas of the patient for surgery. What will you do?", + "gold_answer": "Clean and drape from the level of nipple to mid-thigh", + "os_answer": "I will prepare the patient for surgery. I will make sure that the patient is comfortable and that the patient is not in pain. I will make sure that the patient is not in pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Human Developmental Index is a composite measure, which uses?", + "gold_answer": "Life expectancy at bih, knowledge and decent standard of living.", + "os_answer": " Human Development Index is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure, which uses the following variables: Human Development Index (HDI) is", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "NESTROFT test is a screening test for \u2013", + "gold_answer": "\u03b2\u2013thalassemia", + "os_answer": " NESTROFT test is a screening test for \u2013 Question: NESTROFT test is a screening test for \u2013 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a molecule group from one molecule to another is:", + "gold_answer": "Transferases", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which film is used for caries detection? (or) Which film\nis used for caries detection in children?", + "gold_answer": "F speed", + "os_answer": " The film is used for caries detection in children.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Black deposits on conjunctiva in a patient with glaucoma are seen with the use of:", + "gold_answer": "Epinephrine", + "os_answer": "The patient has a history of glaucoma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is responsible for adhesion of platelet on exposed collagen fibril after an injury", + "gold_answer": "Von willebrand factor", + "os_answer": "The platelet adhesion is caused by the activation of platelet adhesion receptors. The platelet adhesion receptors are the integrin receptors. The integrin receptors are the receptors that bind to the collagen fibrils. The collagen fibrils are the collagen fibrils that are exposed after an injury.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Transformation into osteosarcoma is seen with", + "gold_answer": "Pagets disease and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tooth develops from: (Or) Calcified structures of\noral cavity develops from", + "gold_answer": "Ectoderm, mesoderm", + "os_answer": " (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Calcified structures of oral cavity develops from (Or) Cal", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a 5-year-old child with mandibular fracture, on a follow up recall after 2 months, what should be done to check the bone healing:", + "gold_answer": "Clinical examination adequate", + "os_answer": "The child should be followed up for 2 months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The principal central action of caffeine is on the:", + "gold_answer": "Cerebral cortex", + "os_answer": " The principal central action of caffeine is on the nervous system.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In root fracture of the apical one-thrid of permanent\nanterior teeth, the teeth usually", + "gold_answer": "Remain in function and are vital", + "os_answer": "The teeth are usually\nnot fractured. The teeth are usually not fractured.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The base of an X-ray film is composed of:", + "gold_answer": "Polyester", + "os_answer": " The base of an X-ray film is composed of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Location of MB2 in maxillary first molar", + "gold_answer": "Mesiopalatal to MB1", + "os_answer": " MB2 is located in the middle of the first molar.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following abnormalities can be diagnosed in the I st trimester of pregnancy?", + "gold_answer": "Anencephaly", + "os_answer": "1. Abnormal uterine bleeding. 2. Abnormal uterine bleeding and abnormal uterine bleeding. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 50 years old female on junk food diet presented with point hemorrhages in scalp, bleeding in joints and erythemataous lesions in the skin. X-ray of knee joint was suggestive of hemahrosis. Problem lies with:", + "gold_answer": "Hydroxylation of proline and lysine", + "os_answer": "The patient was on junk food diet for the last 5 years. The diet was high in carbohydrates and low in fat. The patient was on a low fat diet for the last 5 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a 60 yr old hypertensive male with renal failure, renal biopsy shows onion skin appearance. The most likely diagnosis is", + "gold_answer": "Hyperplastic arteriosclerosis", + "os_answer": "Renal artery stenosis. The patient is a 60 yr old hypertensive male with renal failure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The inter-arch distance measured when the occlusal rims are in uniform contact is:", + "gold_answer": "Vertical dimension of occlusion", + "os_answer": " The inter-arch distance measured when the occlusal rims are in uniform contact is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is used by RBCs in the fasting state?", + "gold_answer": "Glucose", + "os_answer": " Fasting RBCs are used to remove the excess of potassium from the blood. Question: Which of the following is used by RBCs in the post-prandial state? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A condition where there is loss of interdental bone on facial and lingual plate, without involvement of radicular bone is:", + "gold_answer": "Reverse architecture", + "os_answer": " A. The condition is called: B. The condition is called: C. The condition is called: D. The condition is called: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Till what age tetracycline should not be given to prevent discoloration", + "gold_answer": "8 year", + "os_answer": "The age of the patient is the most important factor in the choice of the antibiotic. The age of the patient should be taken into account when prescribing tetracycline.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For an unbounded amalgam restoration, what should be done before copal varnish is applied ?", + "gold_answer": "Dentine desensitiser is applied", + "os_answer": " The copal varnish should be applied before the restoration is completed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In CPITN index zero score means:", + "gold_answer": "Healthy tooth", + "os_answer": " 1. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Apoprotein B-48 is found in", + "gold_answer": "Chylomicrons", + "os_answer": " The answer is correct.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If the distribution of intra-ocular pressure (IOP) seen in 100 glaucoma patients has an average 30 mm with a SD of 1.0, what is the lower limit of the average IOP that can be expected 95% of times?", + "gold_answer": "28", + "os_answer": "The lower limit of the average IOP is the average IOP that can be expected 95% of times.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The ETDRS cha is used for visual evaluation in diabetic patients. What does ETDRS stand for", + "gold_answer": "Early treatment for diabetic retinopathy study", + "os_answer": "The European Trauma and Emergency Research Society (ETDRS) is a professional society for emergency medicine. It was founded in 1974 and is the largest professional society for emergency medicine in Europe. It is a member of the European Association of Emergency Medicine (EAEM) and the European Society of Trauma and Emergency Medicine (ESTEM). The ETDRS is a member of the International Federation of Emergency Medicine (IFEM). The ETDRS is a member of the International Association of Emergency Medicine (IAEM). The ETDRS is a member of the International Association of Trauma and Emergency Medicine (IATEM).", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The resolving power of a microscope depends upon all of the following except:", + "gold_answer": "Thickness of the film", + "os_answer": " The resolving power of a microscope depends upon the following:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which type of trauma is associated with destruction of protective layer?", + "gold_answer": "Intrusion", + "os_answer": "The most common type of trauma is blunt trauma. The most common type of blunt trauma is a blow to the head.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During diagnostic laparoscopy for undescended testis, there are absent testicular vessels. What should be done next?", + "gold_answer": "Inguinal exploration", + "os_answer": "The testicular vessels are not visible. The testes are not in the scrotum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Target sign is seen in?", + "gold_answer": "Traumatic CSF Rhinorrhea", + "os_answer": "Target sign is seen in the right side of the body. Target sign is seen in the left side of the body. Target sign is seen in the upper part of the body. Target sign is seen in the lower part of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In extraction, best time to administer analgesics is:", + "gold_answer": "Before anaesthesia wears off", + "os_answer": " In extraction, best time to administer analgesics is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mantle dentin is a layer next to:", + "gold_answer": "DE]", + "os_answer": "The mantle dentin is a layer next to the pulp. The pulp is the part of the tooth that is exposed to the outside.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The wave ' V ' in BERA represents activity in which of the following ?", + "gold_answer": "Lateral lemniscus", + "os_answer": " The wave'V'in BERA represents activity in which of the following? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Preconceptional intake of which of the following results in decrease in incidence of neural tube defect:", + "gold_answer": "Folate", + "os_answer": "1. Vitamin A. 2. Vitamin B. 3. Vitamin C. 4. Vitamin D. 5. Vitamin E. 6. Vitamin K. 7. Vitamin L. 8. Vitamin M. 9. Vitamin N. 10. Vitamin P. 11. Vitamin Q. 12. Vitamin R. 13. Vitamin S. 14. Vitamin T. 15. Vitamin U. 16. Vitamin V. 17. Vitamin W. 18. Vitamin X. 19. Vitamin Y. 20. Vitamin Z. 21.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Failure of partial dentures due to poor clasp design can best be avoided by:", + "gold_answer": "Altering tooth contours", + "os_answer": "1. Using a clasp that is designed to be more resistant to the forces of mastication. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In excitable cells, repolarization is closely associated with one of the following events:", + "gold_answer": "K+ efflux", + "os_answer": " 1. The depolarization of the membrane potential is caused by the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels. 2. The depolarization of the membrane potential is caused by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels. 3. The depolarization of the membrane potential is caused by the opening of calcium channels. 4. The depolarization of the membrane potential is caused by the opening of calcium channels and/or by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels. 5. The depolarization of the membrane potential is caused by the opening of calcium channels and/or by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels and/or by the opening of calcium channels and/or by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels. 6. The depolarization of the membrane potential is caused by the opening of calcium channels and/or by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels and/or by the opening of calcium channels and/or by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels and/or by the opening of calcium channels and/or by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels. 7. The depolarization of the membrane potential is caused by the opening of calcium channels and/or by the opening of voltage-gated", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The lingual extension of a Lower denture is Limited by all of the following (except)", + "gold_answer": "Modiolus", + "os_answer": " The lingual extension of a Lower denture is Limited by the following (except) Question: The lingual extension of a Lower denture is Limited by the following (except) ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Morris retractor is most commonly used to retract", + "gold_answer": "Left hypochondrium", + "os_answer": " The most common use of the retractor is to retract the tongue. Question: What is the most common use of the retractor? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which drug is not given in Wilson disease?", + "gold_answer": "Calcium", + "os_answer": " The drug is not given in Wilson disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child had repeated vomiting and developed metabolic alkalosis. The treatment given is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "I.V. normal saline and potassium", + "os_answer": "The child was given a dose of sodium bicarbonate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which characteristic of orthodontic wire describe energy storage capacity?", + "gold_answer": "Resilience", + "os_answer": "The wire is made of a material that is capable of storing energy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones is primarily under inhibitory control of hypothalamus.", + "gold_answer": "Prolactin", + "os_answer": " Prolactin.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Buccal coil spring used to regain space between 1st premolar and 1st molar causes following common post treatment complication:", + "gold_answer": "Tendency of 1st premolar to rotate", + "os_answer": " The spring is not a part of the treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best fluid for factor VIII replacement is:", + "gold_answer": "cryoprecipitate", + "os_answer": " The best fluid for factor VIII replacement is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best way to monitor perfusion of free flap:", + "gold_answer": "Prick test", + "os_answer": "The best way to monitor perfusion of free flap is to measure the perfusion of the flap.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Paradoxical undressing seen in -", + "gold_answer": "Hypothermia", + "os_answer": "The undressing of the patient is a normal part of the examination. The patient is undressed and the doctor is examining the patient.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A boy is suffering from acute pyelonephritis. The most specific investigation is", + "gold_answer": "Histopathological examination", + "os_answer": "The most specific investigation is the urine culture. The urine culture is a test that is used to determine whether the infection is bacterial or not.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Setting expansion of grey MTA when mixed with water is?", + "gold_answer": "1.02%", + "os_answer": " The setting expansion of grey MTA when mixed with water is.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drug of choice for Rheumatic fever prophylaxis in penicillin allergic patient \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Erythromycin", + "os_answer": "Penicillin allergy is a very rare condition. It is caused by the penicillin allergy. The most common cause of penicillin allergy is penicillin allergy in children. The most common cause of penicillin allergy in adults is penicillin allergy in patients with a history of penicillin allergy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The vascular supply of the periodontal ligament is:", + "gold_answer": "A net-like plexus that runs closer to the bone than to the cementum", + "os_answer": "The periodontal ligament is a fibrous tissue that is attached to the alveolar bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Commonest cause of TMJ ankylosis is", + "gold_answer": "Trauma", + "os_answer": "TMJ ankylosis is a condition where the jaw joint is not able to move freely. The jaw joint is not able to move freely because of the presence of ankylosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To prevent sensitivity caused by acid etching and to protect pulp in deep cavities which of the following should be used.", + "gold_answer": "Ca(OH)2 liner", + "os_answer": "1. The pulp should be protected by a barrier membrane. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about rheumatic fever, except \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Communicable disease", + "os_answer": " No.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bonding agents have hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. The hydrophobic group binds which structure?", + "gold_answer": "Resin in restoration", + "os_answer": " The hydrophobic group binds to the hydrophobic group. Question: What is the difference between the two groups? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Antimalarial drug used for causal prophylaxis act at which stage of developmental cycle", + "gold_answer": "Pre-erythrocytic schizogony", + "os_answer": "The drug is used for prophylaxis of malaria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 3-year-old patient reports of painless progressive bilateral facial swellings. The tentative diagnosis is", + "gold_answer": "Cherubism", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Normal WBC count", + "gold_answer": "4,000-11,000", + "os_answer": " Normal WBC count.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Retraction of the protruded mandible is done by", + "gold_answer": "Temporalis", + "os_answer": " A retractor is a device that is used to retract the mandible. Question: What is the difference between a retractor and a retractor? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Methacholine acts at which receptor?", + "gold_answer": "M2", + "os_answer": " Methacholine acts at the muscarinic receptor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most commonly used technique for determination of working length of a 8 year old child patient of teeth maxillary central incisor:", + "gold_answer": "Moisture on paperpoint", + "os_answer": "The working length of the maxillary central incisor is determined by the distance between the incisal edge of the maxillary central incisor and the incisal edge of the maxillary lateral incisor. The distance between the incisal edge of the maxillary central incisor and the incisal edge of the maxillary lateral incisor is the working length of the maxillary central incisor. The distance between the incisal edge of the maxillary central incisor and the incisal edge of the maxillary lateral incisor is the working length of the maxillary lateral incisor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Iaday 35 years old lactating mother Presented with a Painful breast lump. Most appropriate initial investigation should be:", + "gold_answer": "USG", + "os_answer": "A Mammogram is the most appropriate investigation. Mammography is the most accurate investigation for the diagnosis of breast cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common curvature of the palatal root of maxillary first molar is:", + "gold_answer": "Facial", + "os_answer": " The most common curvature of the palatal root of maxillary first molar is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A new marker for mantle cell lymphoma especially useful in Cyclin DI negative cases is:", + "gold_answer": "SOX 11", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Koebner phenomenon is seen in", + "gold_answer": "Psoriasis", + "os_answer": "The Koebner phenomenon is seen in the following cases: 1. The patient is a young man with a history of a stroke. 2. The patient is a young woman with a history of a stroke. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which component of cement causes allergic contact dermatitis??", + "gold_answer": "Chromium", + "os_answer": " The component that causes allergic contact dermatitis is the cement.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young healthy male patient presented with abdominal pain and history of altered bowel habits from the last 6 months. On CT examination, there was dilated distal pa of ileum, thickened ileocecal junction with thickened cecum with presence of sacculations on the antimesenteric border. The vascularity of adjoining mesentery is also increased and there is surrounding mesentery fat. Which of the following is not a differential diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Ischemic bowel disease", + "os_answer": " 1. Ileitis 2. Ileocecal resection 3. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis 4. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 5. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 6. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 7. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 8. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 9. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 10. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 11. Ileocecal resection with ileocecal anastomosis with ileocecal resection 12. Ileocecal", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are signs of respiratory insufficiency except:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "1. The patient is not breathing. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Eutectic mixture of 2.5% lignocaine and 2.5% prilocaine is used for", + "gold_answer": "For anesthetizing intact mucosa", + "os_answer": "The Eutectic mixture of 2.5% lignocaine and 2.5% prilocaine is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation. It is a mixture of two anesthetics, lignocaine and prilocaine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The stiffness of the bristles of a nylon toothbrush is dependent on the:", + "gold_answer": "Diameter and length of filament", + "os_answer": "The bristles of a nylon toothbrush are made of nylon. The bristles are made of nylon.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Campbell's lines are seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Occipitomental", + "os_answer": " The lines are seen in: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Free gingival groove represents", + "gold_answer": "Histologic depth of gingival sulcus", + "os_answer": "The gingival groove is a thin, narrow, and curved line that runs from the center of the tooth to the gum line. It is a thin, narrow, and curved line that runs from the center of the tooth to the gum line.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the dose of adrenaline in anaphylactic shock?", + "gold_answer": "0.5 ml in 1:1000", + "os_answer": " The dose of adrenaline is 1,000 mcg/kg/min.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Termination of diseases by extermination of micro organisms is?", + "gold_answer": "Eradication", + "os_answer": " The cause is the destruction of the micro organisms. Question: What is the effect of this? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which TCA intermediate is used in haem synthesis:", + "gold_answer": "Succinyl CoA", + "os_answer": " L-TCA-L. Question: Which TCA intermediate is used in haem synthesis: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Presence of glucose in urine indicates:", + "gold_answer": "Renal threshold for glucose is exceeded", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A cell membrane is damaged by inseion of a micro needle, repair shall occur by which of the following process?", + "gold_answer": "Lateral movement of proteins", + "os_answer": "The cell membrane is damaged by the inseion of the micro needle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The common complication of the local anesthetic prilocaine is:", + "gold_answer": "Methemoglobinemia", + "os_answer": " The common complication of the local anesthetic prilocaine is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cross sectional from and dimension of lingual bar major connector is:", + "gold_answer": "6 gauge half pear shape", + "os_answer": "The lingual bar major connector is a lingual bar that connects the lingual bar major and lingual bar minor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 22 year old college boy with history of sex with commercial workers came to Derma OPD with lesion in genital region, tissue from this lesion was examined, which is the most likely finding?", + "gold_answer": "Intracytoplasmic vacuolations", + "os_answer": " The most likely finding is a squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was treated with surgery and radiation. The patient is doing well.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Glossy smooth margins of a casting are due to:", + "gold_answer": "Incomplete wax elimination", + "os_answer": " The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due to: The cast is due", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the working time of zinc polycarboxylate cement?", + "gold_answer": "3 minutes", + "os_answer": " The working time of zinc polycarboxylate cement is about 3 hours.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Posterior pituitary insufficiency leads to:", + "gold_answer": "Diabetes insipidus", + "os_answer": "The pituitary gland is a small gland located in the brain. It is responsible for the production of hormones that regulate the body\u2019s functions. The pituitary gland is located in the posterior part of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are used in preterm labour to decrease uterine contractility except:", + "gold_answer": "Dexamethasone", + "os_answer": "The use of magnesium sulphate in preterm labour is controversial.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Remodelling theory of craniofacial growth was given by", + "gold_answer": "Brash", + "os_answer": "The craniofacial growth is the result of the interaction of the growth of the skull and the growth of the face. The growth of the skull is the result of the growth of the skull and the growth of the face is the result of the growth of the face.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "10-year-old boy visits dentist with complicated crown fracture with abscess formation in 12. X-ray reveals radiolucency in relation to 11, 12. 12 is having immature blunderbuss canal while 11 has complete root formation, vitality of 11, 21 is negative. What would be the management of this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Revascularization in 12 and RCT of 11", + "os_answer": "The management of this patient is to remove the crown and the root formation. The crown is to be removed and the root formation is to be removed. The root formation is to be removed and the crown is to be replaced with a crown. The crown is to be replaced with a crown.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lymphocytes found in the pulp proper are:", + "gold_answer": "T lymphocytes", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2 months old child was brought to the subcenter by his mother with complaints of fever for two days. Weight of the child is 2 kg. On examination, the child is restless and irritable, skin pinch went back in 2 seconds, oral mucosa is dry and eyes were sunken. There were ten pustules on his forehead. What should be done at the subcenter?", + "gold_answer": "Give first dose of antibiotic and refer to higher center in an ambulance with sips of ORS along the way.", + "os_answer": " The child should be treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. The child should be kept under observation for two weeks. The child should be followed up for two months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a left skewed curve, true statement is:", + "gold_answer": "Mean < Mode", + "os_answer": " The curve is left skewed. Question: In a right skewed curve, true statement is: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following are seen in ectodermal dysplasia?", + "gold_answer": "Any of the above", + "os_answer": "1. Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder that affects the skin and hair. 2.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient comes to ER with headache describing it as worst headache in his life. What is the next step?", + "gold_answer": "CT brain", + "os_answer": "The next step is to ask the patient to describe the headache. The next step is to ask the patient to describe the next step.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In SCHWARTZ formula for calculation of creatinine clearance in a child, the constant depends on the following except \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Severity of renal failure", + "os_answer": " The constant is 1.0.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Epstein pearls are:", + "gold_answer": "Gingival cyst of newborn", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "White flecks yellow or brown spots on surface of teeth covering, giving papery white appearance", + "gold_answer": "Mottled enamel", + "os_answer": "The white spots are called dental calculus. They are caused by the accumulation of tartar, a white, sticky substance that forms on the teeth when they are exposed to acids. The tartar is a result of the breakdown of the enamel, the protective layer of the teeth. The tartar is removed by brushing and flossing. The white spots are not a sign of any disease. They are a normal part of the aging process. They are caused by the breakdown of the enamel.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tooth in the mandibular arch which is most likely to be\ndisplaced due to arch size discrepancy is", + "gold_answer": "Second premolar", + "os_answer": " The most likely cause of the discrepancy is the\narch size. The most likely cause of the discrepancy is the arch size.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient comes to a dentist with decayed mandibular 1st molar which involves the mesiobuccal and distobuccal cusp. The restoration of choice is:", + "gold_answer": "Cast metal", + "os_answer": " The restoration of choice is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Marathon runner had pain in anteromedial tibia on regular walking/jogging for long hours. X ray is normal. Doctor orders a bone scan. What may be the probable diagnosis", + "gold_answer": "Shin splint", + "os_answer": "Bone scan is a test that uses radioactive material to detect the presence of bone. The radioactive material is injected into the body and travels through the body to a special scanner. The scanner uses a computer to analyze the images and determine the presence of bone. The scanner is usually used to detect bone cancer. The bone scan is usually used to detect bone cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Radiographic finding in Pindborg tumour is", + "gold_answer": "Driven-snow appearance", + "os_answer": "The tumour is a benign tumour. The tumour is not malignant.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The green stains frequently seen on children's teeth are\ncaused by", + "gold_answer": "Chromogenic bacteria", + "os_answer": " The green stains frequently seen on children's teeth are caused by bacteria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "At low infusion rates of 3-5 mcg/kg/min, what action is produced by dopamine?", + "gold_answer": "Increased renal blood flow", + "os_answer": "The dopamine is converted to norepinephrine by the enzyme monoamine oxidase. The norepinephrine is then converted to epinephrine by the enzyme epinephrine-beta-hydroxylase. The epinephrine is then converted to dopamine by the enzyme dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. The dopamine is then converted to norepinephrine by the enzyme monoamine oxidase.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Posselt's diagram indicates?", + "gold_answer": "Motion of mandible", + "os_answer": "The diagram shows that the two-dimensional structure of the molecule is a two-dimensional array of atoms. The atoms are arranged in a regular pattern.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the most common site for fracture in zygomatic arch fracture?", + "gold_answer": "Posterior to zygomaticotemporal suture", + "os_answer": " The most common site for fracture in zygomatic arch fracture is the zygomaticomaxillary complex.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Following bilateral mandibular fracture in the canine region, the following muscles will tend to pull the mandible back:", + "gold_answer": "Genioglossus and anterior belly of digastric", + "os_answer": "The muscles of the mandible are the muscles of the jaw. The muscles of the jaw are the muscles of the jaw.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The anemia associated with leukemia", + "gold_answer": "Myelophthisic type", + "os_answer": "The anemia associated with leukemia is caused by the destruction of red blood cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To regain arch length in anterior segment by moving incisors labially", + "gold_answer": "Cephalometric analysis have to be made before taking up treatment", + "os_answer": " The incisors are labialized and move labially.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Central value of a set of 180 values can be obtained by", + "gold_answer": "2nd quartile", + "os_answer": " The central value of a set of 180 values can be obtained by the following formula:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "CPR should have a ratio of chest compression to mouth breathing of:", + "gold_answer": "4:01", + "os_answer": " 1:1.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The use of stress breaker in modern dentistry is avoided because", + "gold_answer": "It affects alveolar ridge", + "os_answer": "Stress is a natural reaction to the environment. It is a natural reaction to the environment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Leeway space is due to ?", + "gold_answer": "Space differential between deciduous canine and molar and their succedaneous permanent teeth", + "os_answer": " The answer is that a medical doctor is a doctor who is a doctor. Question: What is the difference between a medical doctor and a nurse? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are sensory to the palate except:", + "gold_answer": "Hypoglossal nerve", + "os_answer": " The tongue is the organ of taste. Question: What is the difference between the tongue and the palate? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to Weber-Fechner's law, strength of stimulus perceived is directly propoional to:", + "gold_answer": "Intensity of stimulus", + "os_answer": "1. The strength of the stimulus perceived. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a functional implant, bone loss seen annually after 1 year is:", + "gold_answer": "Less than 0.1 mm", + "os_answer": "1. The bone loss is due to the resorption of the bone by the osteoclasts. 2. The bone loss is due to the resorption of the bone by the osteoblasts. 3. The bone loss is due to the resorption of the bone by the osteoclasts and the osteoblasts. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum level of alpha fetoprotein is seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Fetal serum", + "os_answer": "Alpha fetoprotein is a protein produced by the liver. It is a protein that is produced by the liver.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Vasopressin antagonist acts on which pa of the nephron?", + "gold_answer": "Medullary collecting duct", + "os_answer": " The vasopressin receptors are located in the distal convoluted tubule. Question: Which pa of the nephron is vasopressin? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following anti-tubercular drug can cause ophthalmological toxicity?", + "gold_answer": "Ethambutol", + "os_answer": " Isoniazid.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Compared to unfractionated heparin, Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has reliable anticoagulant action because:", + "gold_answer": "It is less protein bound", + "os_answer": "LMWH is a synthetic form of heparin. It is a synthetic form of heparin that is chemically similar to the natural form of heparin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Disappearance of nuclear chromatin is called as", + "gold_answer": "Karyolysis", + "os_answer": "Chromatin is a protein complex that is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is a complex of proteins that are found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "There was an outbreak of MRSA in the hospital and it was found that a nurse of NICU had MRSA colonisation of anterior nares. What is the best treatment?", + "gold_answer": "Topical bacitracin", + "os_answer": " The best treatment is to clean the nares with a cotton swab and then apply a topical antibiotic ointment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the location of Meissner's corpuscles?", + "gold_answer": "Papillary dermis", + "os_answer": " Meissner's corpuscles are located in the corpuscles of the heart.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Spiral angle can be defined as:", + "gold_answer": "Angle between long axis and blade.", + "os_answer": " Spiral angle can be defined as:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is not a non-contraceptive use of levonorgestrel?", + "gold_answer": "Premenstrual tension", + "os_answer": " The use of levonorgestrel is not a non-contraceptive use of levonorgestrel. Question: Which of these is not a non-contraceptive use of levonorgestrel? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are structures in the lateral wall of cavernous sinus except:", + "gold_answer": "Optic chiasma", + "os_answer": " The lateral wall of the cavernous sinus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fixation period of intrusive luxation injury is?", + "gold_answer": "4 weeks", + "os_answer": "The fixation period of the injury is the time from the time of injury until the time of the first movement of the body. The fixation period is the time from the time of injury until the time of the first movement of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Prostaglandins are synthesized from:", + "gold_answer": "Polyunsaturated fatty acids", + "os_answer": " Prostaglandins are synthesized from:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Premaxilla is derived from", + "gold_answer": "Frontonasal process", + "os_answer": " Premaxilla is derived from the Latin word for the upper lip.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Prolonged administration of streptomycin may result in damage to the:", + "gold_answer": "Auditory nerve", + "os_answer": " The most common side effects of streptomycin are:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following condition must be met for a valid student-t test between means of two groups:", + "gold_answer": "Sample must be small", + "os_answer": "A. The mean of the two groups is the same. B. The mean of the two groups is different. C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "V) hich of the following can change the gene expression by methylation and acetylation without affecting the content of the gene?", + "gold_answer": "Epigenetics", + "os_answer": " A) The gene expression can be changed by methylation and acetylation without affecting the content of the gene. B) The gene expression can be changed by methylation and acetylation without affecting the content of the gene. C) The gene expression can be changed by methylation and acetylation without affecting the content of the gene. D) The gene expression can be changed by methylation and acetylation without affecting the content of the gene. E) The gene expression can be changed by methylation and acetylation", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What type of fibers are principal fibers of the PDL?", + "gold_answer": "Collagenous", + "os_answer": " The fibers of the PDL are the fibers of the PDL.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Find faulty statement regarding muscle spindle:", + "gold_answer": "Peripheral zone has no actin and myosin", + "os_answer": "The muscle spindle is a small muscle in the back of the neck. It is a muscle that is used to move the head and neck. It is also used to move the jaw. The muscle spindle is used to move the jaw.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Injecting dye for diagnosis of salivary gland", + "gold_answer": "Sialography", + "os_answer": "The dye is injected into the salivary gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are causes of subcortical dementia except -", + "gold_answer": "Alzheimer's disease", + "os_answer": " The disease is caused by the disease. Question: What is the cause of the disease? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which growth factor Is not present in PRP?", + "gold_answer": "PDGF cc", + "os_answer": "Growth factors are proteins that are produced by cells and are involved in the growth and development of cells. They are also called cytokines. The growth factors are produced by the cells and are involved in the growth and development of cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 18-year-old girl was brought to OPD, labia majora separated, labia minora flabby, fourchette tear present and vagina is roomy but Hymen is intact. What could be possible?", + "gold_answer": "False virgin", + "os_answer": "The hymen is the thin membrane that covers the opening of the vagina. It is a thin membrane that is usually intact. It is not a part of the vagina.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A diffuse spreading inflammatory lesion is due to bacterial enzyme", + "gold_answer": "Hyaluronidase", + "os_answer": "The lesion is due to bacterial enzyme.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A triad of seizure, mental retardation and sebaceous adenoma is seen in \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Tuberous sclerosis", + "os_answer": "A triad of seizure, mental retardation and sebaceous adenoma is seen in a patient with epilepsy. The patient has a history of epilepsy and has been treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for many years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not seen in neuroimaging of patient of tuberous sclerosis?", + "gold_answer": "Ependymoma", + "os_answer": "The brain is not seen in neuroimaging of patient of tuberous sclerosis. The brain is seen in neuroimaging of patient of tuberous sclerosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cholesterol crystals in apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The apical periodontitis lesions are believed to be formed from cholesterol released by: The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The analytical study where population is the unit of study is", + "gold_answer": "Ecological", + "os_answer": " The population is the unit of study.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is expected when a tooth is lost?", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " The tooth will be replaced by a new tooth. Question: Which of the following is expected when a tooth is lost? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Mandibular 1st molar smallest cusp is", + "gold_answer": "Distal", + "os_answer": " The cusp is the smallest one.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a female, intraocular metastasis most commonly occurs from which of the following gynaecological primary?", + "gold_answer": "Breast", + "os_answer": " 1. Breast cancer 2. Ovarian cancer 3. Endometrial cancer 4. Uterine cancer 5. Ovarian cancer 6. Endometrial cancer 7. Uterine cancer 8. Ovarian cancer 9. Endometrial cancer 10. Uterine cancer 11. Ovarian cancer 12. Endometrial cancer 13. Uterine cancer 14. Ovarian cancer 15. Endometrial cancer 16. Uterine cancer 17. Ovarian cancer 18. Endometrial cancer 19. Uterine cancer 20. Ovarian cancer 21. Endometrial cancer 22. Uterine cancer 23. Ovarian cancer 24. Endometrial cancer 25. Uterine cancer 26. Ovarian cancer 27. Endometrial cancer 28. Uterine cancer 29. Ovarian cancer 30. Endometrial cancer 31. Uterine cancer 32. Ovarian cancer 33. Endometrial cancer 34. Uterine cancer 35. Ovarian cancer 36. Endometrial cancer 37. Uterine cancer 38. Ovarian cancer 39. Endometrial cancer 40. Uterine cancer 41. Ovarian cancer 42. Endometrial cancer 43. Uterine cancer 44. Ovarian cancer 45. Endometrial cancer 46. U", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Facial nerve innervates all of the following except:", + "gold_answer": "Anterior belly of digastric", + "os_answer": " Facial nerve innervates all of the following except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "About intraoperative histopathological analysis, all are true except:", + "gold_answer": "Gives an immediate definitive diagnosis of tumor", + "os_answer": "The histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen is not necessary.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 23 years old boy, a badminton player, sustained injury of left ankle. He was immobilized for 3 months, the cast was removed and patient was able to walk normally. Later he complained of pain and swelling in the left calf, left ankle and foot. His mother massaged him for 30 minutes. After a while he developed acute onset of breathlessness and was brought to emergency and died. Most likely cause of death is:", + "gold_answer": "Pulmonary thromboembolism", + "os_answer": "The patient had a history of asthma and was taking oral steroids. The patient had a history of smoking and was taking oral steroids.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Petechial hemorrhage is seen in", + "gold_answer": "thrombocytopenic purpura", + "os_answer": "Petechial hemorrhage is seen in the skin of the face, neck, and upper chest. It is caused by a blood vessel that has been ruptured. The blood vessel is usually a small blood vessel, but it can be a large one.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Digoxin is obtained from a plant product and has a half-life of 36 hours. How does this information help us in formulating treatment?", + "gold_answer": "To adjust maintenance dose of digoxin required to keep the blood levels within therapeutic range", + "os_answer": "Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that is used to treat congestive heart failure. It is also used to treat certain types of arrhythmias. Digoxin is used to treat congestive heart failure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The anteroposterior curve is", + "gold_answer": "Curve of Spee", + "os_answer": "The anteroposterior curve is the curve that is perpendicular to the line of the spine. The curve is the curve that is perpendicular to the line of the spine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which periodontal fibres are consistent and are reconstructed even after the destruction of the alveolar bone?", + "gold_answer": "Transseptal", + "os_answer": " The periodontal ligament fibres are consistent and are reconstructed even after the destruction of the alveolar bone. Question: Which periodontal ligament fibres are consistent and are reconstructed even after the destruction of the alveolar bone? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The function of 2% potassium sulphate in a gypsum product is:", + "gold_answer": "Regulate setting time", + "os_answer": " The function of 2% potassium sulphate in a gypsum product is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mandibular fracture managed by adapting mini plates is a type of", + "gold_answer": "Load sharing", + "os_answer": "The mandible is a bone that is located in the lower jaw. It is a bone that is located in the jawbone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The incubation period of LGV is?", + "gold_answer": "10-30 days", + "os_answer": " The incubation period of LGV is approximately 3 weeks.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What should be the ideal temperature in delivery room for the neonates to be kept in warmer?", + "gold_answer": "22-26degC", + "os_answer": " The ideal temperature for the neonates to be kept in warmer is 37.5\u00b0C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Spinal cord ends at what level in adults?", + "gold_answer": "L1", + "os_answer": "The spinal cord ends at the level of the first cervical vertebra. The spinal cord is a long, thin tube that runs from the brain to the tail of the spinal cord. The spinal cord is made up of nerve cells that are connected to each other by a network of nerve fibers. The spinal cord is responsible for the sensation of pain, movement, and muscle tone. The spinal cord is also responsible for the sensation of touch, temperature, and pressure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bifid tongue, a congenital anomaly occurs due to non-fusion of:", + "gold_answer": "The two lateral lingual swellings", + "os_answer": " A. The tongue. B. The pharynx. C. The esophagus. D. The stomach. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a disease characterized by elevated eosinophil count in the blood for at least 6 months, without any recognizable cause, with involve-ment of either hea, nervous system or bone marrow. What should be the eosinophil count for diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": ">1500/ mm3", + "os_answer": " The eosinophil count should be measured at least once a year.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of kawasaki disease in children is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "IV Immuno globulins", + "os_answer": "The treatment of kawasaki disease in children is the same as in adults.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Russell's bodies are found in:", + "gold_answer": "Plasma cells", + "os_answer": " The bodies of Russell's are found in the following places:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "When horse serum is injected intravenously in to a rabbit and again in to the skin two or three weeks later, what is the necrotising reaction that occurs at the site of the second injection?", + "gold_answer": "Arthus phenomenon", + "os_answer": "The necrotising reaction is the result of the reaction of the serum proteins with the tissues. The serum proteins are the products of the blood of the animal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "on examination 18 month old child has inward detion of both eyes, which of the following test should be done?", + "gold_answer": "Cover Uncover Test", + "os_answer": "1. The child should be examined for the presence of a foreign body in the eye. 2. The child should be examined for the presence of a foreign body in the eye and the child should be examined for the presence of a foreign body in the eye. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Serum sickness syndrome is:", + "gold_answer": "Systemic arthus reaction", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What dose of misoprostol is used orally to control bleeding in post paum hemorrhage?", + "gold_answer": "600 micrograms", + "os_answer": " The dose of misoprostol used in this case is 1,000 mcg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Highest concentration of desmosomes are seen in which location?", + "gold_answer": "B", + "os_answer": " Desmosomes are found in the intercellular junctions of the epithelium of the skin, the cornea, the conjunctiva, the uvea, the lens, the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the meninges, the meninges, the choroid, the retina, the lens, the choroid, the sclera, the meninges, the meninges, the choroid, the retina, the lens, the choroid, the sclera, the meninges, the meninges, the choroid, the retina, the lens, the choroid, the sclera, the meninges, the meninges, the choroid, the retina, the lens, the choroid, the sclera, the meninges, the meninges, the choroid, the retina, the lens, the choroid, the sclera, the meninges, the meninges, the choroid, the retina, the lens, the choroid, the sclera, the meninges, the meninges, the choroid, the retina, the lens, the choroid, the sclera, the men", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 8 year old female child following URTI developed maculopapular rash on the jaw spreading onto the trunk which cleared on the 3T day without desquamation and tender post auricular and suboccipital lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Rubella", + "os_answer": "The rash is a maculopapular rash.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 6 months old child having severe dehydration comes to the casualty with weak pulse and unrecordable B.P. Repeated attempt in gaining I.V. access has failed \u2013 The next best step is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Intra osseus I.V. fluids", + "os_answer": "The child is suffering from severe dehydration and is not responding to the IV. The child is not responding to the IV.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 68 years old man had severe chest pain. The patient died on the way to the hospital. In the hospital, at autopsy tetrazolium chloride staining of the hea was done. What will be the color of ble myocardium?", + "gold_answer": "Red", + "os_answer": "The color of the myocardium will be red.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A neonate has central cyanosis and short systolic murmur on the 2nd day of birth. The diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Transposition of great vessels", + "os_answer": "The baby is suffering from a heart defect.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Christmas disease is due to deficiency of", + "gold_answer": "Plasma thromboplastin component", + "os_answer": " The disease is due to deficiency of vitamin A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not a monosaccharide?", + "gold_answer": "Maltose", + "os_answer": " Maltose. Question: Which is not a polysaccharide? ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with cough was sputum AFB negative but chest X-ray was suggestive of TB. What should be the next step according to RNTCP?", + "gold_answer": "Nucleic acid amplification test", + "os_answer": " The patient should be referred to a physician for further investigation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 42 years old woman from a dry state who ingested rye for long time presented with complaints of weakness in both lower limbs, nausea and fatigue. Over due course of time, she is completely unable to walk. What is the most likely cause?", + "gold_answer": "Lathyrus sativus", + "os_answer": "The most likely cause is the intake of rye. The intake of rye is a known cause of weakness in both lower limbs. The intake of rye is a known cause of nausea and fatigue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Arterial supply of Submandibular gland is through which branch of ECA:", + "gold_answer": "Facial", + "os_answer": "The submandibular artery supplies the submandibular gland. The submandibular artery arises from the internal carotid artery and supplies the submandibular gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The community periodontal index of treatment needs is recorded for:", + "gold_answer": "Sextants", + "os_answer": " The community periodontal index of treatment needs is recorded for:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Syndrome which is characterized by 2X chromosomes and 1Y chromosome is:", + "gold_answer": "Kleinfelter syndrome", + "os_answer": "1. A syndrome is a group of diseases that share a common feature. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient who has been given tumoricidal dose of radiotherapy recently reports to dental clinic with painful carious exposed mandibular first molar with periapical abscess. The treatment of choice should be:", + "gold_answer": "Root canal treatment if possible", + "os_answer": " The treatment of choice should be:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A material that speeds up a chemical reaction without chemically becoming involved is called:", + "gold_answer": "A catalyst", + "os_answer": " A catalyst.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Histopathologically rosettes are seen in", + "gold_answer": "Retinoblastoma", + "os_answer": " The histopathological findings of the tumor are not characteristic.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The commonest cause of occipitoposterior position of fetal head during labor is:", + "gold_answer": "Android pelvis", + "os_answer": " The commonest cause of occipitoposterior position of fetal head during labor is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 60 years old man presents to the emergency depament with history of A, in unconscious state and gains consciousness in between but again becomes unconscious. The time when he becomes conscious is called as:", + "gold_answer": "Lucid Interval", + "os_answer": " 1. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 2. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 3. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 4. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 5. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 6. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 7. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 8. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 9. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 10. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 11. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 12. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 13. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 14. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 15. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 16. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 17. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 18. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 19. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 20. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 21. The time when he becomes conscious is called as: 22. The time", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following anticholinergic agent does not cross the blood brain barrier?", + "gold_answer": "Hyoscine hydrobromide", + "os_answer": " AChE inhibitor. Question: Which of the following anticholinergic agent does not cross the blood brain barrier? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to psychosexual theory development of personality and skills occurs:", + "gold_answer": "Latency stage.", + "os_answer": " 1. In the first year of life. 2. In the second year of life. 3. In the third year of life. 4. In the fourth year of life. 5. In the fifth year of life. 6. In the sixth year of life. 7. In the seventh year of life. 8. In the eighth year of life. 9. In the ninth year of life. 10. In the tenth year of life. 11. In the eleventh year of life. 12. In the twelfth year of life. 13. In the thirteenth year of life. 14. In the fourteenth year of life. 15. In the fifteenth year of life. 16. In the sixteenth year of life. 17. In the seventeenth year of life. 18. In the eighteenth year of life. 19. In the nineteenth year of life. 20. In the twentieth year of life. 21. In the twenty-first year of life. 22. In the twenty-second year of life. 23. In the twenty-third year of life. 24. In the twenty-fourth year of life. 25. In the twenty-fifth year of life. 26. In the twenty-sixth year of life. 27", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "KLK4 gene mutation is associated with which type of amelogenesis imperfecta?", + "gold_answer": "Hypomaturation", + "os_answer": "The KLK4 gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 1. It is a member of the Kallikrein gene family. The gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 1.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Absolute refractoriness of a neuron is due to?", + "gold_answer": "Closure of inactivated Na channels", + "os_answer": "The neuron is not refractory to the action of a drug. The neuron is refractory to the action of a drug because the drug is not able to pass through the neuron. The drug is able to pass through the neuron because the drug is able to pass through the neuron.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dinesh, a 24-year-old male, complains of loose teeth\nin a single quadrant. His radiograph shows irregular bone loss and histopathology reveals eosinophils and histiocytes. The most probable diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Hand-Schuller-Christian disease", + "os_answer": " Eosinophilic granuloma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Perception of taste even in absence of stimuli is known as", + "gold_answer": "Phantoguesia", + "os_answer": " Taste is a sense. Question: What is the difference between taste and smell? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The anesthetic drug injected for paravertebral block is least likely to diffuse to", + "gold_answer": "Subarachnoid space", + "os_answer": " The anesthetic drug injected for paravertebral block is least likely to diffuse to the spinal cord.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the local anesthetic agent can be given in liver failure cases?", + "gold_answer": "Benzocaine", + "os_answer": "Local anesthetic agents can be given in liver failure cases. The local anesthetic agents can be given in liver failure cases.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To assure surgical hemostasis, the best blood product\nadministered\tpreoperatively to\tpatients\twith\tclassic\nhemophilia is:", + "gold_answer": "Factor 8 concentrate", + "os_answer": " No.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "About Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy, all are true EXCEPT:", + "gold_answer": "Valproate is contraindicated", + "os_answer": "Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy is a rare disease. It is a type of epilepsy that is usually seen in children.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Enzymes are classified according to:", + "gold_answer": "Action on substrate", + "os_answer": " Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to: Enzymes are classified according to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Enlargement of the blind spot occurs in which of the following", + "gold_answer": "Papilledema", + "os_answer": "1. The blind spot is located in the center of the retina. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Direct impact on the bone will produce a:", + "gold_answer": "Transverse fracture", + "os_answer": " The direct impact on the bone is the bone will be affected. Question: What is the direct impact on the bone? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 45 years old patient presented with complaints of pain in abdomen and menorrhagia. Endometrial biopsy was normal and sonogram of uterus showed diffusely enlarged uterus with no adnexal mass. What is the diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Adenomyosis", + "os_answer": " Endometrial hyperplasia. Question: A 45 years old patient presented with complaints of pain in abdomen and menorrhagia. Endometrial biopsy was normal and sonogram of uterus showed diffusely enlarged uterus with no adnexal mass. What is the diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hodgkin's disease is considered to be:", + "gold_answer": "A malignant neoplasm", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Majority of oral microorganisms are:", + "gold_answer": "Facultative anaerobes", + "os_answer": "Microorganisms are living organisms that are found in the mouth. They are found in the mouth and on the skin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are:", + "gold_answer": "Ganglion cells", + "os_answer": " The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are: The cells affected in", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": ". The most common fungal infection in the neonates transmitted by caregiver's hand is:", + "gold_answer": "Candida parapsilosis", + "os_answer": ". The most common fungal infection in the neonates transmitted by caregiver's hand is:.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Young Male complained of intermittent pain , swelling and discharge at the base of spine. He also had episodes of fever and repeated abscesses that had burst spontaneously , in recent past. By occupation , he is a jeep driver. On physical examination, diagnosis of pilonidal sinus was made. Which flap-based procedure is used for pilonidal sinus surgery?", + "gold_answer": "Rhomboid flap", + "os_answer": "The flap-based procedure is used for pilonidal sinus surgery. The flap is made from the periosteum of the sacrum. The flap is sutured to the periosteum of the sacrum. The flap is then sutured to the periosteum of the sacrum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Insufficient closure of the flasks during packing of denture base resin can result in:", + "gold_answer": "Increase in vertical dimension", + "os_answer": "1. The resin is not completely cured. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dental plaque adheres to the tooth because:", + "gold_answer": "Dextrans are insoluble and sticky", + "os_answer": "The plaque is a sticky substance that forms on the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Physical sign of severe aortic stenosis is:", + "gold_answer": "A delayed carotid upstroke", + "os_answer": "Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aorta, which is caused by a blockage of the blood flow. The narrowing of the aorta is called aortic stenosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by:", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary process.", + "os_answer": " 1. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 2. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 3. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 4. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 5. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 6. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 7. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 8. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 9. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 10. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 11. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 12. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 13. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 14. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 15. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 16. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 17. Mesodermal basis of lateral part of lip is formed by: 18", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sensory supply of cornea is by?", + "gold_answer": "Nasolacrimal nerve (probably printing mistake - probably Nasociliary nerve).", + "os_answer": "The cornea is supplied by the nerve supply of the eye. The nerve supply of the eye is supplied by the nerve supply of the cornea. The nerve supply of the cornea is supplied by the nerve supply of the eye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient came with history of joint pain and fever for one week. For which the patient took NSAIDS foilowing which he developed rash and hyperpigmentation on nose. What is the most likelv diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Chikungunya", + "os_answer": "The patient developed rash and hyperpigmentation on nose. The patient was diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and was treated with steroids. The patient was treated with steroids.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the level of proteinuria to diagnose severe preeclampsia?", + "gold_answer": "300 mg", + "os_answer": "The level of proteinuria is not a reliable indicator of severe preeclampsia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Left superior intercostal vein drains into ?", + "gold_answer": "Brachiocephalic vein", + "os_answer": " The left superior intercostal vein drains into the left internal jugular vein.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Early fusion of the coronal suture results in", + "gold_answer": "Brachycephaly", + "os_answer": "The coronal suture is fused at the level of the coronal suture.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is used for selecting patients with respect to potential factors that will affect the results?", + "gold_answer": "Stratified random sampling", + "os_answer": " The patient's sex. Question: Which of the following is used for selecting patients with respect to potential factors that will affect the results? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Single central pit is formed on the occlusal surface of", + "gold_answer": "Lower 2nd premolar", + "os_answer": "The occlusal surface of the tooth is formed by the enamel and dentin. The enamel is the outermost layer of the tooth and the dentin is the innermost layer. The enamel is made up of a thin layer of calcium phosphate crystals and the dentin is made up of a thin layer of collagen. The enamel and dentin are separated by a thin layer of pulp tissue. The enamel is the hardest layer of the tooth and the dentin is the softest layer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After a surgery, the surgeon asked the intern to remove the Foley's catheter but he could not do it. The surgeon himself tried to remove the Foley's catheter but he was unsuccessful. What should be done next?", + "gold_answer": "Use ultrasound guidance to locate and prick the balloon and then remove the catheter.", + "os_answer": "The surgeon should remove the Foley's catheter.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lateral shift (Bennett's movement) influences:", + "gold_answer": "Faciolingual position of teeth", + "os_answer": "The lateral shift of the body is a result of the movement of the head.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Abnormal development of a joint is known as:", + "gold_answer": "Synostosis.", + "os_answer": " Joints are formed by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For a loose complete denture relining and rebasing can be done in which of the following condition", + "gold_answer": "The patient is poor and cannot afford new denture", + "os_answer": " The patient should be in the same position as when the denture was placed. Question: For a loose complete denture relining and rebasing can be done in which of the following condition ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with Hb 7 was to be transfused with 2 packs of blood. The first pack was transfused in 2 hours after which vitals were stable and then the transfusion of the next pack was staed . But suddenly the patient develops breathlessness and hypeension. What can be the cause of this sudden reaction?", + "gold_answer": "transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)", + "os_answer": "The patient had a history of hypertension and diabetes. The patient had been on medication for hypertension and diabetes for the past 2 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 50 years old male presented with frontal bossing, enlarged nasal bone, enlarged jaw and spade like fingers. Which of the following test will you do for diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "IGF1", + "os_answer": " A. X-ray of the skull. B. CT scan of the skull. C. MRI of the skull. D. MRI of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of hypeension on Metoprolol, Verapamil was given. This is will result in?", + "gold_answer": "Bradycardia with AV Block", + "os_answer": "The patient will be given a dose of Metoprolol. The patient will be given a dose of Verapamil.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with history of frequent abortions and pain in calf muscles from past 4 years is due to deficiency of", + "gold_answer": "Protein c", + "os_answer": "The patient is a woman who has had 3 abortions in the past 4 years. The patient has pain in the calf muscles from past 4 years. The patient has had 3 abortions in the past 4 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In the intercuspal position, the lingual cusp of\nmaxillary 2nd premolar contacts the:", + "gold_answer": "Distal fossa of mandibular 2nd premolar", + "os_answer": " The lingual cusp of maxillary 2nd premolar contacts the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Female patient was brought to the ER with altered sensorium. On examination BP was 88/67mm with a pulse of 60/min. Rectal temperature was 34 Celsius. There was associated history of constipation, dry skin and menorrhagia. What is the diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Myxedema Coma", + "os_answer": " The patient was brought to the ER with altered sensorium. On examination BP was 88/67mm with a pulse of 60/min. Rectal temperature was 34 Celsius. There was associated history of constipation, dry skin and menorrhagia. What is the diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Duration of action of proparacaine:", + "gold_answer": "20min", + "os_answer": " The duration of action of proparacaine is about 1 hour.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Under polarised light, the congo red stained amyloid shows-", + "gold_answer": "Apple green birefringence", + "os_answer": "The congo red stained amyloid shows a red colour.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In sleep apnea syndrome, AHI Index for mild sleep apnea is", + "gold_answer": ">5", + "os_answer": " 2. In mild sleep apnea, the AHI Index is less than 5. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Haglund's deformity is seen in which joint?", + "gold_answer": "Ankle", + "os_answer": " Haglund's deformity. Question: What is the cause of the disease? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Naive T cell get activated by:", + "gold_answer": "Dendritic cell", + "os_answer": " 1. Antigen 2. Antibody 3. Chemokine 4. Chemokine receptor 5. Chemokine receptor ligand 6. Chemokine 7. Chemokine receptor 8. Chemokine receptor 9. Chemokine receptor ligand 10. Chemokine 11. Chemokine receptor 12. Chemokine receptor ligand 13. Chemokine receptor ligand 14. Chemokine receptor ligand 15. Chemokine receptor ligand 16. Chemokine receptor ligand 17. Chemokine receptor ligand 18. Chemokine receptor ligand 19. Chemokine receptor ligand 20. Chemokine receptor ligand 21. Chemokine receptor ligand 22. Chemokine receptor ligand 23. Chemokine receptor ligand 24. Chemokine receptor ligand 25. Chemokine receptor ligand 26. Chemokine receptor ligand 27. Chemokine receptor ligand 28. Chemokine receptor ligand 29. Chemokine receptor ligand 30. Chemokine receptor ligand 31. Chemokine receptor ligand 32. Chemokine receptor ligand 33. Chemokine receptor ligand 34. Chemokine receptor ligand 35. Chemokine receptor ligand", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lidocaine produces its antiarrhythmic effects by", + "gold_answer": "Decreasing cardiac excitability", + "os_answer": "Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that is used to numb the area of the heart. It is also used to treat certain types of pain. It is a drug that is used to treat certain types of pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of septic shock was given intravenous norepinephrine. The response to this drug is best checked by:", + "gold_answer": "Increase in mean aerial pressure", + "os_answer": "The patient was given norepinephrine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Method of increasing attached gingiva", + "gold_answer": "Apical flap", + "os_answer": "The method of increasing attached gingiva is to use a toothbrush. The toothbrush is used to clean the teeth and gums.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presented with headache and fever. His investigations revealed hemoglobin of 16g/dl, TLC of 21,000/ uL, platelet count of 3,75,000. His DLC showed Neutrophils (25%), Lymphocytes (20%), Metamyelocytes and myelocytes 40%and eosinophils5%. Which of the following is the next best investigation in this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Philadelphia chromosome", + "os_answer": " A. Chest X-ray. B. Blood culture. C. Urine culture. D. Urine sediment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pregnant female, 38 years old, had a child with Down's syndrome. How do you assess the risk of Down's syndrome in the present pregnancy:", + "gold_answer": "Chorionic villous biopsy", + "os_answer": " The risk of Down's syndrome in the present pregnancy is 1 in 1,000. Question: A pregnant female, 38 years old, had a child with Down's syndrome. How do you assess the risk of Down's syndrome in the present pregnancy: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Located medial to the third molar at the junction of the maxilla and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone:", + "gold_answer": "Greater palatine foramen", + "os_answer": "The third molar is located medial to the horizontal plate of the palatine bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After Le-Fort 1 osteotomy the blood supply of maxilla is maintained by", + "gold_answer": "Ascending palatine branch of facial artery", + "os_answer": "The maxillary artery is the main artery supplying the maxilla.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The proximal segment of mandibular angle fracture\nusually displaced in which direction", + "gold_answer": "Anterior and Superior", + "os_answer": " The proximal segment of mandibular angle fracture usually displaced in which direction", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Under section 304A of IPC, for a proved case of medical negligence, The maximum punishment of imprisonment is up to:", + "gold_answer": "2 years", + "os_answer": " The maximum punishment of imprisonment is up to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Type of cry, which is not a cry at all, there are no tears, no sobs, just a constant whining noise:", + "gold_answer": "Compensatory cry.", + "os_answer": " Crying is a cry of pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cyst which is found within the bone at the junction of the globular process, the Lateral nasal process & maxillary process is:", + "gold_answer": "Globulomaxillary cyst", + "os_answer": "The cyst is a cyst. It is a collection of fluid which is found in the bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Not seen in classical triad of megaloblastic anemia", + "gold_answer": "Reticulocytosis", + "os_answer": "The classical triad of megaloblastic anemia is a condition in which the bone marrow is not able to produce enough red blood cells. The bone marrow is unable to produce enough red blood cells because of a lack of oxygen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following does not cause head and neck squamous cell carcinoma", + "gold_answer": "EBV", + "os_answer": " The following does not cause head and neck squamous cell carcinoma:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In lead poisoning, there is an inhibition of some of the enzymes of the heme biosynthetic pathway. This is reflected by the accumulation of what substance in blood?", + "gold_answer": "Delta amino levulinic acid", + "os_answer": "Lead. Lead is a heavy metal. It is a toxic metal. It is a heavy metal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "CHX mouthwash daily use till 2 week for streptococcus mutanus is effective for:", + "gold_answer": "12-26 weeks", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Short child with low T4 and raised TSH and swelling of pituitary, what is the diangosis ?", + "gold_answer": "Primary hypothyrodism", + "os_answer": "The pituitary gland is a small gland located in the front of the brain. It is a small gland that is located in the front of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which metabolic condition has phosphaturia and osteomalacia?", + "gold_answer": "Fibrosarcoma", + "os_answer": "Phosphaturia and osteomalacia are metabolic conditions that are caused by a deficiency of phosphorus and calcium. Phosphaturia is a condition in which the body does not absorb enough phosphorus from the diet. Phosphaturia is a condition in which the body does not absorb enough calcium from the diet.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During mandibular nerve block which nerve also gets damaged?", + "gold_answer": "Facial", + "os_answer": "The mandibular nerve is the nerve that runs from the lower jaw to the tongue. It is also called the mandibular nerve. The mandibular nerve is the most important nerve in the body. It is responsible for chewing, swallowing, and speaking. It is also responsible for the sensation of taste and smell. The mandibular nerve is also responsible for the sensation of pain. The mandibular nerve is also responsible for the sensation of temperature. The mandibular nerve is also responsible for the sensation of pressure. The mandibular nerve is also responsible for the sensation of vibration. The mandibular nerve is also responsible for the sensation of touch. The mandibular nerve is also responsible for the sensation of taste. The mandibular nerve is also responsible for the sensation of smell.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is most associated with respiratory alkalosis:-", + "gold_answer": "Assisted control mode ventilation", + "os_answer": "1. The use of alkali in the treatment of respiratory alkalosis. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In gene studies, the specific site to which the enzyme CRE recombinase binds is:", + "gold_answer": "LoxP site", + "os_answer": " The enzyme binds to the promoter region of the gene.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Kalindi 25 years female admitted as a case of septic abortion with tricuspid valve endocarditis. Vegetation from the valve likely to affect is:", + "gold_answer": "Lung", + "os_answer": "The vegetation is likely to affect the tricuspid valve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 28-year-old patient of neurocysticercosis develops generalized peeling of skin all over except palms and soles staing one month after taking anti-epileptics. What is the most probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "TEN", + "os_answer": "Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia solium. It is a common parasitic infection in the world. It is a disease that affects the central nervous system and can cause seizures, mental retardation, and even death. The most common symptoms of neurocysticercosis are seizures, mental retardation, and visual impairment. The most common treatment for neurocysticercosis is the use of anti-epileptic drugs. The most common side effects of anti-epileptic drugs are dizziness, drowsiness, and headache.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Characteristic features of growth hormone deficiency include all of the following except \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Short stature since birth", + "os_answer": " Growth hormone deficiency is a condition in which the body does not produce enough of the hormone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An empty cavity in the mandible with no lining is\nmostly likely to be:", + "gold_answer": "Idiopathic bone cavity", + "os_answer": " A cyst.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Advantage of the submarginal falp for periradicular surgery is?", + "gold_answer": "Crestal bone less", + "os_answer": "The submarginal falp is a very useful tool for periradicular surgery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following binds mRNA with ribosome in prokaryotes?", + "gold_answer": "Shine Dalgarno sequence", + "os_answer": " Congenital heart disease. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of death in adults? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which heart sound indicates stiffness of ventricular wall", + "gold_answer": "S4", + "os_answer": " The first heart sound is the loudest. The second heart sound is the loudest. The third heart sound is the loudest. The fourth heart sound is the loudest. The fifth heart sound is the loudest. The sixth heart sound is the loudest. The seventh heart sound is the loudest. The eighth heart sound is the loudest. The ninth heart sound is the loudest. The tenth heart sound is the loudest. The eleventh heart sound is the loudest. The twelfth heart sound is the loudest. The thirteenth heart sound is the loudest. The fourteenth heart sound is the loudest. The fifteenth heart sound is the loudest. The sixteenth heart sound is the loudest. The seventeenth heart sound is the loudest. The eighteenth heart sound is the loudest. The nineteenth heart sound is the loudest. The twentieth heart sound is the loudest. The twenty-first heart sound is the loudest. The twenty-second heart sound is the loudest. The twenty-third heart sound is the loudest. The twenty-fourth heart sound is the loudest. The twenty-fifth heart sound is the loudest. The twenty-sixth heart sound is the loudest. The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is:", + "gold_answer": "4.5 hours", + "os_answer": " The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The window period for thrombolysis in a stroke patient is: The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "99.73 variation involves how many SD?", + "gold_answer": "3", + "os_answer": " 99.73 variation involves how many SD?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best way to remove a hydrocolloid impression from the patient's mouth is:", + "gold_answer": "Sudden jerking of the impression to prevent tearing", + "os_answer": " The best way to remove a hydrocolloid impression from the patient's mouth is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Main disadvantage of dry heat used for sterilization is that:", + "gold_answer": "It is time consuming", + "os_answer": " The main disadvantage of dry heat used for sterilization is that it is not effective in sterilizing the bacteria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from", + "gold_answer": "B cell", + "os_answer": " Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma are derived from Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymph", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Broca's area is related to", + "gold_answer": "Word formation", + "os_answer": "The brain is a large, complex organ. The brain is made up of many different parts.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are carried by the dorsal column except?", + "gold_answer": "Pain", + "os_answer": " Headache. Question: What is the most common cause of a patient's having a headache? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 1-month-old child presented with conjugated bilirubinemia and intrahepatic cholestasis. On Liver biopsy staining with PAS, red colored granules were seen inside the hepatocytes. Probable diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency", + "os_answer": "A. The liver biopsy was performed to rule out the possibility of liver cirrhosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Like all opioids, tramadol acts as an analgesic drug by stimulating mu opioid receptors. Apa from this, the additional mechanism of action of tramadol is?", + "gold_answer": "Serotonin and nor-adrenaline reuptake inhibition", + "os_answer": "Tramadol is a mu opioid receptor agonist. It is a non-selective opioid receptor agonist. It is a partial agonist at mu, kappa and delta receptors. It is a full agonist at kappa receptors. It is a full agonist at delta receptors.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 50-year-old male presented with complains of ptosis, difficulty in chewing and occasional difficulty in swallowing. There is no history of diplopia or visual loss. On examination, there is symmetric ptosis and mild restriction of extraocular muscle movement with finger abduction test 60deg. Nerve conduction study shows decremental response in orbicularis only. ERG revealed a myopathic pattern. Anti-AchR radioimmunoassay was negative. The most probable diagnosis would be:", + "gold_answer": "Generalized myasthenia gravis", + "os_answer": " AchR antibody-associated myopathy. Question: A 50-year-old male presented with complaints of ptosis, difficulty in chewing and occasional difficulty in swallowing. There is no history of diplopia or visual loss. On examination, there is symmetric ptosis and mild restriction of extraocular muscle movement with finger abduction test 60deg. Nerve conduction study shows decremental response in orbicularis only. ERG revealed a myopathic pattern. Anti-AchR radioimmunoassay was negative. The most probable diagnosis would be: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the most common funga. infection of the eye seen in an HIV positive patient?", + "gold_answer": "Candida", + "os_answer": " The funga. infection of the eye seen in an HIV positive patient is called funga. infection of the eye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Multi constricted apical constriction is seen in which type of Dummer\u2019s classification", + "gold_answer": "Type 3", + "os_answer": " Type I: The apical constriction is multi constricted. Type II: The apical constriction is single constricted. Type III: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type IV: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type V: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type VI: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type VII: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type VIII: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type IX: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type X: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type XI: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type XII: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type XIII: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type XIV: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type XV: The apical constriction is single constricted and multi constricted. Type XVI: The apical constriction is", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following indicate Fetal lung maturity except?", + "gold_answer": "Blue cells in Nile Blue Test", + "os_answer": " The fetus is mature enough to breathe. Question: The fetus is mature enough to breathe. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 30 year old patient has right upper limb BP of 180/95 mm Hg and left upper limb BP of 130/90 mm Hg. He also has early diastolic murmur in right 2 intercostal space. Which of the following would be LEAST likely associated with these findings?", + "gold_answer": "Coarctation of aoa", + "os_answer": "1. Pulmonary embolism. 2. Pulmonary hypertension. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acid neutralizing substance in saliva", + "gold_answer": "Bicarbonate", + "os_answer": "The acid neutralizing substance in saliva is sodium bicarbonate. It is a salt of bicarbonate.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pregnant lady acquires chickenpox 3 days prior to delivery. She delivers by normal vaginal route which of the following statement is true?", + "gold_answer": "Baby will develop neoatal varicella syndrome", + "os_answer": "A. Chickenpox is a viral infection. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Method for slow tooth separation:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The method is to use a toothpick to separate the tooth from the gum. The toothpick is inserted into the gum and the tooth is pulled out. The toothpick is then inserted into the gum again and the tooth is pulled out.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 3 \u2013 month old infant presents with bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. All of the following can cause medullary nephrocalcinosis except :", + "gold_answer": "ARPKD", + "os_answer": "1. Vitamin D deficiency. 2. Vitamin D deficiency and calcium supplementation. 3. Vitamin D deficiency and calcium supplementation and vitamin D supplementation. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient has bilateral conductive deafness, tinnitus with positive family history. The diagnosis is -", + "gold_answer": "Otospongiosis", + "os_answer": " The patient has bilateral conductive deafness, tinnitus with positive family history. The diagnosis is -", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Resolution of IOPA radiograph is?", + "gold_answer": "16 lp", + "os_answer": "The IOPA radiograph is a radiograph of the spine that is taken to evaluate the spinal canal and the spinal cord. The IOPA radiograph is used to evaluate the spinal canal and the spinal cord.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Vitamin K in its coenzyme form is regenerated by which enzyme?", + "gold_answer": "Epoxide reductase", + "os_answer": " Vitamin K is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K1. Vitamin K1 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K2. Vitamin K2 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K3. Vitamin K3 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K4. Vitamin K4 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K5. Vitamin K5 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K6. Vitamin K6 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K7. Vitamin K7 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K8. Vitamin K8 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K9. Vitamin K9 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the active form, vitamin K10. Vitamin K10 is a coenzyme of the enzyme that converts vitamin K to the", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "18 months old child, who has received one dose of DPT and OPV at 2 months of age. What will be your next immunization plan :", + "gold_answer": "BCG, 2ND dose of DPT and OPV", + "os_answer": " 1. DPT: 2. OPV: 3. DPT + OPV: 4. DPT + OPV + BCG: 5. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV: 6. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV: 7. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV + OPV: 8. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV: 9. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV: 10. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV: 11. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV: 12. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV: 13. DPT + OPV + BCG + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV + OPV", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The treatment of choice for stage I cancer larynx is-", + "gold_answer": "Radiotherapy", + "os_answer": " The treatment of choice for stage I cancer larynx is-", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gingival Recession is most common due to", + "gold_answer": "Tooth brush trauma", + "os_answer": " Gingival Recession is most common due to ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bacteria associated with caries are able to cause the same due to:", + "gold_answer": "Production of extxacellular polysaccharides like dextrans and levans", + "os_answer": " Bacteria associated with caries are able to cause the same due to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most commonly used route of administration of heparin for post-operative thromboprophylaxis is?", + "gold_answer": "Subcutaneous", + "os_answer": "Heparin is a synthetic glycosaminoglycan that is used to prevent blood clots from forming in the body. Heparin is used to prevent blood clots from forming in the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In which part of fallopian tube ectopic pregnancy will have longest survival:", + "gold_answer": "Interstitium", + "os_answer": " The fallopian tube.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major mechanism of action of nitrates in acute attack of angina is:", + "gold_answer": "Decrease in preload", + "os_answer": "Nitrates are used in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. They are used in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Looseness seen in a recently delivered RPD is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Defective occlusal balancing", + "os_answer": "1. The baby is not in the right position. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with Hepatitis B infection. Which one of the markers will be increased?", + "gold_answer": "Anti HbcAg IgG", + "os_answer": " The level of HBsAg in the blood. Question: Which one of the markers will be increased? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sunlight is one of the etiological causes of:", + "gold_answer": "Basal cell carcinoma", + "os_answer": " The sun is the cause of: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with typhoid, diagnosis after 15 days of onset of fever is best done by:", + "gold_answer": "Stool culture", + "os_answer": "The patient should be treated with antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient reported with Disto-oclusal amalgam restoration in 47 & complaints of sticking of food in interproximal area. Most common reason is?", + "gold_answer": "Contact area too gingivally", + "os_answer": "The patient reported that the food stuck in the interproximal area. The patient was advised to clean the area with a toothbrush and then the food was removed. The patient was advised to use a toothpaste to remove the food stuck in the interproximal area.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following clinical features are seen in Zika fever except:", + "gold_answer": "Petechial rash", + "os_answer": " None of the following clinical features are seen in Zika fever except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "First order neuron of visual pathway -", + "gold_answer": "Photoreceptor", + "os_answer": "The first order neuron of the visual pathway is the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The LGN is located in the brainstem and is responsible for processing visual information. The LGN is a small structure that is located in the midbrain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient with complete denture complains of pain while swallowing and there is overextension in the distolingual aspect. The muscle involved is:", + "gold_answer": "Superior constrictor", + "os_answer": "The muscle is the levator palatine superior.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Urobilinogen levels in obstructed jaundice due to gallstones will be:", + "gold_answer": "Completely absent", + "os_answer": " 1. The level of Urobilinogen in the blood is increased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones. 2. The level of Urobilinogen in the blood is decreased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones. 3. The level of Urobilinogen in the blood is increased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones and the level of Urobilinogen in the blood is decreased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones and the level of Urobilinogen in the blood is increased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones. 4. The level of Urobilinogen in the blood is increased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones and the level of Urobilinogen in the blood is decreased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones and the level of Urobilinogen in the blood is increased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones and the level of Urobilinogen in the blood is decreased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones and the level of Urobilinogen in the blood is increased in patients with jaundice due to gallstones and the level of Urobilinogen", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not true about phenotype?", + "gold_answer": "It is genetic sequence of an individual", + "os_answer": " Phenotype is not the same as genotype. Question: Which is not true about phenotype? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The following drug is not useful for MRSA?", + "gold_answer": "Cefaclor", + "os_answer": " The following drug is not useful for MRSA.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Loss of flexion in the interphalangeal joint of thumb in supracondylar fracture is due to involvement of which nerve", + "gold_answer": "Anterior interosseous", + "os_answer": "The flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) nerve is the longest nerve in the forearm. It is a branch of the median nerve. The FDS nerve is located in the distal forearm, and it is the longest nerve in the forearm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In noncompetitive antagonism, the true statement is:", + "gold_answer": "V max decreased; Km value normal", + "os_answer": " The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The true statement is: The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "T-lymphocytes play a primary role in", + "gold_answer": "Production\tof\tlymphokines\tand\tdelayed hypersensitivity", + "os_answer": "T-lymphocytes play a primary role in the immune response to foreign antigens. T-lymphocytes are the cells that are responsible for the immune response to foreign antigens.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Apoptosis is suggestive of:", + "gold_answer": "Coagulative necrosis", + "os_answer": " Apoptosis is suggestive of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Frey's syndrome results from surgery of the", + "gold_answer": "Parotid gland", + "os_answer": " Frey's syndrome results from surgery of the ear.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a platelet poor plasma sample calcium and tissue thromboplastin is added. This is used to assess which of the following pathway?", + "gold_answer": "Extrinsic", + "os_answer": "1. Calcium is the main component of platelet poor plasma. 2. Tissue thromboplastin is the main component of platelet poor plasma. 3. Both calcium and tissue thromboplastin are the main components of platelet poor plasma. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The undesirable side effect most commonly associated with the use of finger spring to tip the crown of a tooth is:", + "gold_answer": "Tendency for the root apex to move in the direction opposite from the crown", + "os_answer": " The undesirable side effect most commonly associated with the use of finger spring to tip the crown of a tooth is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A chronic alcoholic patient came to emergency with severe pain in epigastrium and multiple episodes of vomiting. On examination, guarding was present in upper epigastrium. Chest X-ray was normal. What is the next best step?", + "gold_answer": "Serum lipase", + "os_answer": "The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit. The patient was started on intravenous fluids and pain killers. The patient was also started on antibiotics. The patient was also started on intravenous fluids and pain killers.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The biofilms found on tooth surfaces are termed as:", + "gold_answer": "Dental plaque", + "os_answer": "Biofilms are a complex community of microorganisms that are attached to the tooth surface and are responsible for the formation of dental caries. The biofilms are formed by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The biofilms are formed on the tooth surface and are responsible for the formation of dental caries.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A girl child with fever, cough, dyspnoea with x\u2013ray showing right lower lobe patchy consolidation, for which treatment was given. After 8 weeks symptom improved but x-ray showed more dense consolidation involving the whole of the right lower lobe. What is the next best line of investigation ?", + "gold_answer": "Bronchoscopy", + "os_answer": "Chest x-ray is the best way to diagnose the disease. The x-ray shows the extent of the disease and the extent of the consolidation. The x-ray is also useful in determining the extent of the disease. The x-ray is also useful in determining the extent of the consolidation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mouth Breathing is most commonly seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Athetoid type of cerebral palsy.", + "os_answer": " Breathing through the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the most reliable site to measure core temperature during general anesthesia?", + "gold_answer": "Tympanic membrane", + "os_answer": "The most reliable site to measure core temperature during general anesthesia is the rectal temperature. The rectal temperature is the most reliable site to measure core temperature during general anesthesia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fick's law deals with", + "gold_answer": "Passive diffusion of molecules along the concentration gradient", + "os_answer": "The law states that the concentration of a substance in a solution is inversely proportional to the volume of the solution.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dunlop's beta hypothesis is useful for the treatment of:", + "gold_answer": "Thumb sucking.", + "os_answer": " The beta-blocker, propranolol, is used to treat:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Iron enters enterocyte by :", + "gold_answer": "Divalent cation transpoer", + "os_answer": " Iron enters enterocyte by :", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lady wth MS + MR with full term gestation, obstetrician planning to conduct normal delivery, what would be anesthesia of choice?", + "gold_answer": "Neuraxial analgesia", + "os_answer": "I would recommend general anesthesia. The baby is going to be born in a very calm and peaceful state.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most appropriate method to differentiate between a dentigerous cyst and an ameloblastoma is through:", + "gold_answer": "Microscopic examination", + "os_answer": " The most appropriate method to differentiate between a dentigerous cyst and an ameloblastoma is through:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A hypeensive patient was on metoprolol treatment. Verapamil was added to the therapy of this patient. This can result in:-", + "gold_answer": "Bradycardia with AV block", + "os_answer": " The patient was on metoprolol treatment. Verapamil was added to the therapy of this patient. This can result in:- ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Rabies vaccine not to be given in case of?", + "gold_answer": "Rat bite", + "os_answer": " Rabies vaccine not to be given in case of?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Asymmetric widening of the periodontal Ligament around two or more teeth is seen in", + "gold_answer": "osteosarcoma", + "os_answer": "The periodontal ligament is a fibrous connective tissue that connects the tooth to the bone. It is a thin, fibrous band that runs from the tooth to the bone. It is a thin band that runs from the tooth to the bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect ", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most accurate and safe method to diagnose ble pregnancy at 6weeks-", + "gold_answer": "USG for fetal cardiac activity", + "os_answer": "Ble pregnancy is a condition in which the fetus is not developing normally.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Reversal lines are characteristic on the radiograph of:", + "gold_answer": "Paget's disease of bone", + "os_answer": "1. A fracture of the distal radius. 2. A fracture of the distal radius and ulna. 3. A fracture of the distal radius and ulna and a fracture of the radius. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Function of molybdenum in base metal alloys", + "gold_answer": "Increases strength", + "os_answer": "molybdenum is a rare element in the earths, but it is found in the earths in the form of molybdenite. It is a rare metal, and it is found in the earths in the form of molybdenite.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Vaccine for caries is based on which immunoglobulin", + "gold_answer": "IgA", + "os_answer": " Immunoglobulin G (IgG) ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The procedure preferred for periodontal surgery in mandibular anterior teeth is", + "gold_answer": "Periodontal flap", + "os_answer": "The procedure preferred for periodontal surgery in mandibular anterior teeth is the same as that for the maxillary anterior teeth. The procedure is the same as that for the maxillary anterior teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A researcher selected all possible samples from a population and plotted their means on a line graph. This distribution is called as:", + "gold_answer": "Sampling distribution", + "os_answer": " The researcher selected all possible samples from a population and plotted their means on a line graph. This distribution is called as:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Helmet cells are characteristic of anemia of", + "gold_answer": "Hemolytic uremic syndrome", + "os_answer": " The blood is not a liquid, but a gas.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common organism responsible for acute apical abscess:", + "gold_answer": "Trepenoma denticola", + "os_answer": " *Staphylococcus aureus* (S. aureus) is the most common organism responsible for acute apical abscess.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "One unit of PRBC raises HCT by: (In exam instead of HCT, they wrote HCV, which we assume to be a spelling error):", + "gold_answer": "3-5%", + "os_answer": " HCV is a virus that causes hepatitis. Question: What is the difference between a virus and a virus? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true for the following about methanol poisoning EXCEPT:", + "gold_answer": "Fomepizole is a competitive inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase", + "os_answer": " Methanol is a poison.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following vitamin increases the absorption of iron?", + "gold_answer": "Vitamin C", + "os_answer": " Vitamin D. Question: Which of the following vitamins increases the absorption of magnesium? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mode:is defined as?", + "gold_answer": "The number which appears most often in a set of numbers", + "os_answer": "Medicine is a branch of science that deals with the study of the human body. It is a branch of science that deals with the study of the human body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "\"Grape bunch\" shaped colonies are seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Staphylococcus", + "os_answer": " \"Grape bunch\" shaped colonies are seen in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "House Brackman grading scale used for evaluation of which nerve?", + "gold_answer": "Facial nerve", + "os_answer": "The House Brackman grading scale is used to evaluate the nerve function of the lower extremities.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To prevent ventilator associated pneumonia, the most effective and evidence based results are seen with which of the following for critically ill patients:", + "gold_answer": "Oral hygiene procedures plus chlorhexidine", + "os_answer": "1. Antibiotics. 2. Antibiotics and mechanical ventilation. 3. Antibiotics and mechanical ventilation and mechanical ventilation. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tumor represented T3N2M0 is classified as :", + "gold_answer": "Stage IV", + "os_answer": " Tumor represented T3N2M0 is classified as :", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Phage mediated change in C. diphtheria is due to which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Transduction", + "os_answer": " Phage mediated change in C. diphtheria is due to which of the following? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is not true regarding Zika Virus:", + "gold_answer": "Not transmitted from mother to newborn", + "os_answer": "Zika virus is not a virus. Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 23-year-old lady taking antiepileptics for a seizure disorder gets married. When should folic acid supplementation advised to the patient?", + "gold_answer": "Any time as soon as she presents to the clinic irrespective of pregnancy", + "os_answer": "Folic acid is a B vitamin that is essential for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. Folic acid is also required for the synthesis of the coenzymes NAD and FAD. Folic acid is also required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and dopamine. Folic acid is also required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine. Folic acid is also required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters GABA and glutamate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infective endocarditis is most commonly seen in:", + "gold_answer": "VSD", + "os_answer": " Infective endocarditis is most commonly seen in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Clavulanic acid added to ampicillin causes:", + "gold_answer": "Inhibition of \u03b2-lactamases", + "os_answer": "A. The drug is not effective. B. The drug is effective. C. The drug is ineffective. D.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Epidural hematoma is caused by", + "gold_answer": "Middle meningeal artery", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of epidural hematoma is a blood clot that forms in the epidural space. The clot can be caused by a blood clot in the spinal canal, a blood clot in the epidural space, or a blood clot in the spinal canal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The highest risk associated with the use of oral contraceptives is in:", + "gold_answer": "Thromboembolic disorders", + "os_answer": " The highest risk associated with the use of oral contraceptives is in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A neuralgia with trigger zones in the oropharynx and pain\nin the ear pharynx, nasopharynx, tonsils and posterior tongue is most likely:", + "gold_answer": "GlossopharyngeaL neuralgia", + "os_answer": " The trigger zone is the area of the oropharynx and the tonsils. The pain is in the ear pharynx, nasopharynx, tonsils and posterior tongue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ergometrine is contraindicated in:", + "gold_answer": "Eclampsia", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is contraindicated in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ossifying fibroma manifests as:", + "gold_answer": "Unilocular radiopoacity.", + "os_answer": "1. It is a benign tumor. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Resorption of cementum as compared to bone occurs:", + "gold_answer": "Less readily", + "os_answer": " Resorption of cementum occurs more frequently than resorption of bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 40 year woman was brought to the casualty 8 hours after sustaining burns on the abdomen, both the limbs and back. What will be the best formula to calculate amount of fluid to be replenished?", + "gold_answer": "2 mL/kg x %TBSA", + "os_answer": "The amount of fluid to be replenished is the difference between the total amount of fluid that was lost and the total amount of fluid that was replaced. The total amount of fluid that was lost is the difference between the total amount of fluid that was lost and the total amount of fluid that was replaced.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common functional tumors of endocrine pancreas?", + "gold_answer": "Gastrinoma", + "os_answer": "The most common functional tumors of endocrine pancreas are islet cell tumors, which are benign tumors that are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on imaging studies. The most common islet cell tumors are located in the head of the pancreas, and they are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on imaging studies.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma:", + "gold_answer": "Internal maxillary aery", + "os_answer": " The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angio", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Incus and malleus are derived from:", + "gold_answer": "Dorsal end of meckels cartilage.", + "os_answer": " Incus and malleus are derived from:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla:", + "gold_answer": "Odontogenic adenomatoid tumour", + "os_answer": " The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: The most common odontogenic", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Brachytherapy is:", + "gold_answer": "Irradiation of tissues by implants within the tissues", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An imaginary occlusal curve that contacts the buccal and lingual cusp tips of mandibular buccal teeth is called the", + "gold_answer": "Wilson curve", + "os_answer": " The imaginary occlusal curve that contacts the buccal and lingual cusp tips of mandibular buccal teeth is called the ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The porosity formed due to simultaneous nucleation of solid grains and gas bubbles at the first moment that metal freezes at the mold walls is called:", + "gold_answer": "Subsurface porosity.", + "os_answer": " The porosity formed due to simultaneous nucleation of solid grains and gas bubbles at the first moment that metal freezes at the mold walls is called:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 6 days old neonate weighing 2800 gm (bih weight 3200 gm) was brought with the complaints of fever, poor feeding and poor activity. There was no history of vomiting or diarrhea. Axillary temperature was 39degC with depressed fontenalle, sunken eyes, decreased urine output and decreased skin turgor. Her mother has the history of decreased milk production. What is your diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Neonatal sepsis", + "os_answer": "The baby was diagnosed as sepsis. The baby was treated with intravenous fluids, antibiotics and intravenous antibiotics. The baby was discharged on the 10th day of hospitalization.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Light transmitting wedges transmit:", + "gold_answer": "90-95% of incident light", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is responsible for rhythm generation of inspiration?", + "gold_answer": "Pre botzinger complex", + "os_answer": "The heart is responsible for rhythm generation of inspiration.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In leukemia patient, post extraction bleeding doesn't stop because of:", + "gold_answer": "Platelet disorder", + "os_answer": "1. The patient is not taking aspirin. 2. The patient is taking aspirin. 3. The patient is taking aspirin and is taking aspirin. 4. The patient is taking aspirin and is not taking aspirin. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A middle aged lady was found in a robbed room lying in a pool of blood on forensic examination there was an entry wound of size around 2 x 2 cm on the left temporal region with tattooing and blackening around the wound. There was also an exit wound with beveling at the right temporal region. On fuher examination two bullet fragments were found inside the brain parenchyma. Which of the following could be used to determine the distance from which the weapon was fired?", + "gold_answer": "Hair", + "os_answer": "The distance from which the weapon was fired is the distance from the entry wound to the exit wound. The distance from the entry wound to the exit wound is the distance from the entrance wound to the exit wound. The distance from the entrance wound to the exit wound is the distance from the entrance wound to the exit wound.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On massive blood transfusion the following complication occurs-", + "gold_answer": "Metabolic alkalosis", + "os_answer": "The patient is given a blood transfusion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ponderal index is:", + "gold_answer": "Weight in kilograms by cube of height in meters", + "os_answer": " 2.0. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which process shows phases of acute inflammation-", + "gold_answer": "Necrosis", + "os_answer": "The process of inflammation is a series of events that occur in the body. The first event is the release of chemical substances called cytokines. These substances are produced by cells in the body called white blood cells. These cells are called leukocytes. The next event is the activation of these cells. This is called the inflammatory response. The next event is the release of chemical substances called chemokines.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Investigation of choice to rule out biliary atresia in a 2-month-old child is:", + "gold_answer": "Hepatic scintigraphy", + "os_answer": "The child was born with biliary atresia. The diagnosis was made at birth. The child was treated with a liver transplant. The child was discharged home with a liver transplant.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "HDL is synthesised in", + "gold_answer": "Liver and GIT", + "os_answer": " HDL is synthesised in the liver.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 6 year old patient with anemia, on electrophoresis shows HbF of 90% and HbA2 of 3%. Which of the following will be seen on peripheral smear", + "gold_answer": "ABC", + "os_answer": " The patient will have a normal peripheral smear. Question: A 6 year old patient with anemia, on electrophoresis shows HbF of 90% and HbA2 of 3%. Which of the following will be seen on peripheral smear ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Recently two methods, CPAP conventional and bubble CPAP were compared, in the conventional method 90 out of 160 showed extubation failure while 40 out of 160 showed extubation failure in the bubble method. Which test would be the best to compare the statically significance between the rates of extubation in the two tests.?", + "gold_answer": "Chi square test", + "os_answer": " The bubble CPAP method is more reliable than the conventional CPAP method.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is used for the treatment of paucibacillary leprosy?", + "gold_answer": "3 drugs for 6 months", + "os_answer": "Leprosy bacilli are killed by the action of the antibiotic streptomycin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The pin used in pin restoration of a root canal treated tooth is:", + "gold_answer": "Cemented pin", + "os_answer": "The pin is a metal pin. The pin is used to hold the root canal filling in place. The pin is made of a metal alloy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 27-year-old female presented to OPD of infeility clinic. She was prescribed bromocriptine. What could be the possible reason?", + "gold_answer": "Hyperprolactinemia", + "os_answer": "The patient was prescribed bromocriptine for the treatment of her hypothyroidism.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Nociceptive signals are transmitted primarily to which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Nucleus caudalis", + "os_answer": " Cancer, arthritis, and other diseases. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of pain? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "At what stage of embryonic development does initial tooth development begins:", + "gold_answer": "6th week", + "os_answer": "Tooth development begins at the time of the first tooth bud. The first tooth bud is formed at the time of the first tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Unique characteristic of attached gingiva in children:", + "gold_answer": "Both.", + "os_answer": "The attached gingiva is a unique characteristic of children.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient presented with PSVT after carotid management, BP is 70/30 mm/H & vagal maneuver failed and refractory to adenosine given. what will be the next step-", + "gold_answer": "Synchronised Cardioversion", + "os_answer": " The patient will be admitted to the ICU for further management.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 7\u2013day old infant has a leaky meningomyelocele. The most useful test for diagnosis and management of the condition is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Blood\u2013culture and sensitivity", + "os_answer": " The most useful test for diagnosis and management of the condition is \u2013", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The radiopacity that frequently obliterate the root apices of maxillary molars is", + "gold_answer": "Zygoma and Zygomatic process of Maxilla", + "os_answer": "The radiopacity that frequently obliterate the root apices of maxillary molars is the result of the presence of a radiopaque substance in the root canal. The radiopaque substance is the result of the presence of a radiopaque substance in the root canal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Disadvantages of using a GRID during radiography is:", + "gold_answer": "Increased patient exposure due to more exposure time", + "os_answer": "1. The GRID is not a good choice for radiography. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Brittle bone syndrome is caused by", + "gold_answer": "Improper synthesis of procollagen", + "os_answer": "The bone is not broken.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Full mouth disinfection is done in:", + "gold_answer": "24 hours", + "os_answer": "1. The mouth is cleaned with a mouthwash. 2. The mouth is rinsed with water. 3. The mouth is dried with a towel. 4. The mouth is disinfected with a mouthwash. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The nerve which constitutes the sensory nerve supply of capsule of TMJ is:", + "gold_answer": "Auriculotemporal nerve", + "os_answer": " The nerve which constitutes the sensory nerve supply of capsule of TMJ is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For a bonding agent to be effective wetting angle should be", + "gold_answer": "Minimum with dental hard tissue", + "os_answer": "The wetting angle is the angle between the surface of the bonding agent and the liquid.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The strength of a gypsum investment is dependent\non:", + "gold_answer": "Gypsum", + "os_answer": "Gypsum is a mineral that is used in the manufacture of plaster of Paris. It is a\nmineral that is used in the manufacture of plaster of Paris. It is a mineral that is used in the manufacture of plaster of Paris.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the impoant marker of male infeility in semen analysis?", + "gold_answer": "Concentration", + "os_answer": " A. Sperm count B. Sperm motility C. Sperm morphology D. Sperm morphology and motility E. Sperm morphology and motility", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient requires 180 mg ceftriaxone. The l contains 500 mg/5ml of ceftriaxone. You have a 2 ml syringe with l0 divisions per ml. How many divisions in the 2 ml syringe will you fill to give 180 mg ceftriaxone?", + "gold_answer": "18", + "os_answer": "The answer is: 1 division.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the best time to give anti-D to a pregnant patient?", + "gold_answer": "28 weeks", + "os_answer": "The best time to give anti-D to a pregnant patient is during the first trimester. Anti-D is a drug that can be given to a pregnant woman during the first trimester.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The protein rich in basic amino acids, which functions in the packaging of DNA in chromosomes, is:", + "gold_answer": "Histone", + "os_answer": " The protein rich in basic amino acids, which functions in the packaging of DNA in chromosomes, is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Statistics to check out mean of values is done by:", + "gold_answer": "Student's analysis", + "os_answer": " Yes, you can check out the mean of values by using the following formula:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 40 years old patient came with complaints of spikes of fever and difficulty in breathing. Transesophageal ECHO found out the vegetations in the hea. The culture was positive for Burkholderia cepacia. Drug of choice for Burkholderia cepacia pneumonia is:", + "gold_answer": "Cotrimoxazole with 3rd generation cephalosporins", + "os_answer": "Antibiotic. Antibiotic is the most effective treatment for Burkholderia cepacia pneumonia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hand to knee gait in polio is due to involvement of which muscle?", + "gold_answer": "Quadriceps", + "os_answer": " The knee flexors.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Urine analysis of a patient with hematuria and hypercalciuria is most likely to reveal;", + "gold_answer": "Isomorphic RBCs", + "os_answer": "The patient has hypercalciuria and hematuria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presents to the ER after a A with multiple rib injuries. He is conscious, speaking single words.RR= 40/ minute, BP= 90/40mm Hg. What is the next immediate step in management?", + "gold_answer": "Needle inseion in 2nd ICS", + "os_answer": "The patient is admitted to the ICU. The patient is intubated and ventilated. The patient is placed on a ventilator.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which part of body is underdeveloped at birth:", + "gold_answer": "Face.", + "os_answer": " The feet. Question: Which part of body is underdeveloped at birth: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To preserve blood for transfusion later:", + "gold_answer": "Add solution of sodium citrate", + "os_answer": " A blood bank is a place where blood is collected and stored. Question: What is the difference between a blood bank and a blood bank? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hypeensive hemorrhage is most commonly seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Basal ganglia", + "os_answer": "1. The blood vessels in the brain are very thin and fragile. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to the Otic ganglion are carried in the:", + "gold_answer": "Lesser petrosal nerve", + "os_answer": " The parasympathetic fibres to the Otic ganglion are carried in the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The secretion of salivary gland may be described as?", + "gold_answer": "Exocrine and merocrine", + "os_answer": "The secretion of salivary gland may be described as?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "CG islands in our DNA are impoant for:", + "gold_answer": "Methylation", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Adrenocorticosteroids in excess may cause:", + "gold_answer": "Osteoporosis", + "os_answer": "1. Fatigue. 2. Insomnia. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chances of recurrence of multicystic ameloblastoma after surgical enucleation is:", + "gold_answer": "50-100%", + "os_answer": "1. No. 2. Yes. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Before ovulation development of granules in a cell is dependent on:", + "gold_answer": "Estrogen", + "os_answer": "1. The cell is in the process of dividing. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are criteria for admission in upper GI bleed except:", + "gold_answer": "Hematocrit > 40%", + "os_answer": "A. The patient has a history of upper GI bleed. B. The patient has a history of upper GI bleed and a positive family history of upper GI bleed. C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Caries in a 4 year old child is best assessed by:", + "gold_answer": "Previous caries experience", + "os_answer": "The child has a cavity in the tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Strength of collagen is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Hydroxyproline", + "os_answer": "1. The collagen is the main component of the skin. 2. The collagen is the main component of the bones. 3. The collagen is the main component of the cartilage. 4. The collagen is the main component of the muscles. 5. The collagen is the main component of the blood vessels. 6. The collagen is the main component of the nerves. 7. The collagen is the main component of the hair. 8. The collagen is the main component of the eyes. 9.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "At physiological pH, which of these amino acids has a positive charge?", + "gold_answer": "Arginine", + "os_answer": " 7. Question: What is the pH of a solution of lysine and lysine? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gycosylated Hb is done for the assessment of:", + "gold_answer": "Diabetic patient", + "os_answer": " A. Hemoglobin A1c. B. Hemoglobin A1c and blood glucose. C. Hemoglobin A1c and blood pressure. D. Hemoglobin A1c and blood pressure and blood glucose. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "GNAS-1 gene mutation is associated with", + "gold_answer": "Fibrous dysplasia", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about polycystic ovarian disease except:", + "gold_answer": "Increased prolactin", + "os_answer": " Polycystic ovarian disease is a common cause of infertility. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lepromin test is useful for", + "gold_answer": "Prognosis", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is useful for the diagnosis of leprosy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A statistical test which indicates the chance or probability of an observed difference between two means occurring by chance is called,", + "gold_answer": "Tests of significance", + "os_answer": " A statistical test which indicates the chance or probability of an observed difference between two means occurring by chance is called, ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tourniquet test is used in daily follow-up of patients with:", + "gold_answer": "Dengue virus", + "os_answer": " Tourniquet test is used in daily follow-up of patients with:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What high energy phosphate compound is formed in the citric acid cycle through substrate level phosphorylation:", + "gold_answer": "GTP", + "os_answer": "The citric acid cycle is the metabolic pathway for the production of ATP. ATP is the chemical energy that is used to drive the cell. ATP is a molecule that is composed of a phosphate group and a sugar. The phosphate group is a chemical compound that is used to form a bond with a sugar molecule. The sugar molecule is a molecule that is composed of a carbon and a hydrogen. The carbon is a molecule that is composed of a carbon and a hydrogen. The hydrogen is a molecule that is composed of a hydrogen and a oxygen. The oxygen is a molecule that is composed of a oxygen and a nitrogen. The nitrogen is a molecule that is composed of a nitrogen and a sulfur. The sulfur is a molecule that is composed of a sulfur and a nitrogen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient showing inability to close the right corner of the mouth is most probably suffering from:", + "gold_answer": "Bell's palsy", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tensor veli palatini is supplied by:", + "gold_answer": "Trigeminal nerve", + "os_answer": " Tensor veli palatini is supplied by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Transient tachypnea of new born (TTN) is commonly seen in which of the following situations \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Elective caesarean section", + "os_answer": " 1. TTN is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is a transient tach", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After 24 hrs. of setting tensile stength of GIC is:", + "gold_answer": "Greater to Znpo4", + "os_answer": " The tensile strength of GIC is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "\"Strawberry Tongue\" is associated with", + "gold_answer": "scarlet fever", + "os_answer": " \"Strawberry\" and \"Tongue\" is associated with ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Thiamine is a cofactor for all of the following enzymes except:", + "gold_answer": "Succinate dehydrogenase", + "os_answer": " Thiamine is a cofactor for all of the following enzymes except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Name the type of cry which is a sort of coping mechanism to an unpleasant stimuli:", + "gold_answer": "Compensatory cry", + "os_answer": "A cry is a cry of distress. Crying is a cry of distress.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A five year old child presents with left ventricular hypertrophy and central cyanosis what is the most probable diagnosis \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Tricuspid atresia", + "os_answer": " Congenital heart disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In dental materials setting time is measured by which test", + "gold_answer": "Vicat needle method", + "os_answer": " The time of the test is measured by the time of the test.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are:", + "gold_answer": "6", + "os_answer": " The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 1. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 2. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 3. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 4. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 5. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 6. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 7. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 8. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 9. The number of sites examined to assess the stages of bone maturation in Fishman's skeletal maturation index are: 10. The number of sites examined to", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following muscles are derived from pharyngeal arches except:", + "gold_answer": "Levator palpebrae superioris", + "os_answer": " The muscles of the tongue, the muscles of the pharynx, the muscles of the larynx, the muscles of the trachea, the muscles of the esophagus, the muscles of the stomach, the muscles of the small intestine, the muscles of the large intestine, the muscles of the rectum, the muscles of the bladder, the muscles of the rectum, the muscles of the urethra, the muscles of the vagina, the muscles of the anus, the muscles of the penis, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the penis, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris, the muscles of the clitoris", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a polytrauma patient, chest tube insertion caused sudden drainage of 1,500 mL blood from left side. Oxygen saturation is 92%. What should be the immediate next step:", + "gold_answer": "Clamp the chest tube", + "os_answer": "The patient should be transferred to the intensive care unit. The patient should be monitored for the development of respiratory failure. The patient should be monitored for the development of shock. The patient should be monitored for the development of arrhythmias. The patient should be monitored for the development of renal failure. The patient should be monitored for the development of myocardial infarction. The patient should be monitored for the development of pulmonary edema. The patient should be monitored for the development of pulmonary embolism. The patient should be monitored for the development of acute renal failure. The patient should be monitored for the development of acute myocardial infarction. The patient should be monitored for the development of acute pulmonary edema. The patient should be monitored for the development of acute pulmonary embolism.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "As compared to relining, in rebasing of a denture a \nchange is effected in:", + "gold_answer": "Entire denture base", + "os_answer": " The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected in the following way: The change is effected", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dentin island are frequently found in the root canals of which of the following permanent teeth", + "gold_answer": "Upper 2nd Premolar", + "os_answer": " Dentin island are frequently found in the root canals of which of the following permanent teeth", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 48-year old lady presented with bony pain and hepatosplenomegaly. On examination of biopsy speci!men from spleen, crumpled tissue paper appearance is seen. Which of the following product is likely to have accumulated?", + "gold_answer": "Glucocerebroside", + "os_answer": "A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. U. V. W. X. Y. Z.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drug of choice in acute bacterial meningitis", + "gold_answer": "Ceftriaxone", + "os_answer": " Antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "IgA deposits in dermal papilla are characteristically seen in?", + "gold_answer": "A. Dermatitits herpetiformis", + "os_answer": " IgA deposits in dermal papilla are characteristically seen in?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A drop in fetal heart rate that typically last less than 2 minutes and usually associated with umbilical cord compression is called:", + "gold_answer": "Variable deceleration", + "os_answer": " A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Microscopic examination of chromosomes shape, size and arrangement is known as", + "gold_answer": "Karyotyping", + "os_answer": " Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome shape, size and arrangement is known as Chromosome", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a middle aged female swelling that presents in the midline of neck is most likely originating from:", + "gold_answer": "Thyroid", + "os_answer": " 1. Breast 2. Neck 3. Chest 4. Abdomen 5. Abdomen and chest 6. Abdomen and neck 7. Abdomen and chest 8. Abdomen and neck 9. Abdomen and neck 10. Abdomen and neck 11. Abdomen and neck 12. Abdomen and neck 13. Abdomen and neck 14. Abdomen and neck 15. Abdomen and neck 16. Abdomen and neck 17. Abdomen and neck 18. Abdomen and neck 19. Abdomen and neck 20. Abdomen and neck 21. Abdomen and neck 22. Abdomen and neck 23. Abdomen and neck 24. Abdomen and neck 25. Abdomen and neck 26. Abdomen and neck 27. Abdomen and neck 28. Abdomen and neck 29. Abdomen and neck 30. Abdomen and neck 31. Abdomen and neck 32. Abdomen and neck 33. Abdomen and neck 34. Abdomen and neck 35. Abdomen and neck 36. Abdomen and neck 37. Abdomen and neck 38. Abdomen and neck 39. Abdom", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of diastema because of a thick labial frenum is done:", + "gold_answer": "After eruption of canines", + "os_answer": "The frenum is a thin membrane that covers the labial frenum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bacteria are most commonly ENGULFED by:", + "gold_answer": "Neutrophilic leukocytes", + "os_answer": " Bacteria are most commonly ENGULFED by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive neoplasm?", + "gold_answer": "Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor", + "os_answer": " ALK positive neoplasm is a type of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "As compared to blood, vitreous humor has high concentration of:", + "gold_answer": "Ascorbate", + "os_answer": "Blood. Blood is a liquid that is found in the blood vessels.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 8-year-old boy presents with well defined annular lesion over the buttock with central scarring that is gradually progressive over the last 8 months. The diagnosis is", + "gold_answer": "Lupus Vulgaris", + "os_answer": "An 8-year-old boy presents with well defined annular lesion over the buttock with central scarring that is gradually progressive over the last 8 months. The diagnosis is an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. The patient is a child with a history of a previous history of a similar lesion on the right thigh. The lesion was excised and the patient is doing well.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is a reactive lesion of the gingiva that may demonstrate bone radiographically and often even microscopically?", + "gold_answer": "Peripheral ossifying fibroma", + "os_answer": "A reactive lesion of the gingiva is a lesion that is not a true bone lesion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Oncotype Dx test is done to for the following in breast cancer:", + "gold_answer": "Chemotherapy in hormone receptor positive patients", + "os_answer": " Yes, the test is done to for the following in breast cancer: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major determinant of loading dose of a drug is:-", + "gold_answer": "Volume of distribution", + "os_answer": "The loading dose is the dose that is administered to the patient after the drug has been taken.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Auriculotemporal nerve encircles which artery", + "gold_answer": "Middle meningeal artery", + "os_answer": "The auriculotemporal nerve encircles the temporal artery. The temporal artery is the artery that runs from the ear to the temple. The auriculotemporal nerve is the nerve that runs from the ear to the temple.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young patient has been admitted with A and had massive hemorrhage. He needs to be transfused with large amounts of fluids. Which IV cannula is preferred?", + "gold_answer": "Green", + "os_answer": "The patient is a diabetic and has a history of severe hypoglycemia. The patient is also a Jehovah's Witness. The patient is not a candidate for a central line. The patient is not a candidate for a peripheral line.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cranial nerve that is not involved in olfaction:-", + "gold_answer": "Hypoglossal", + "os_answer": "The cranial nerve that is not involved in olfaction is the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nerve is the nerve that is responsible for the sense of smell. The trigeminal nerve is located in the brain stem. The trigeminal nerve is responsible for the sense of smell.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Difference between mandibular and maxillary premolars is that in the mandibular premolars:", + "gold_answer": "The lingual surface rounded and less developed", + "os_answer": "The mandibular premolars are the teeth that are located in the mandible. The maxillary premolars are the teeth that are located in the maxilla.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Simple random sampling is ideal for:", + "gold_answer": "Homogenous population", + "os_answer": " Random sampling is the best way to do it. Question: What is the best way to answer this question? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dead bone appears on a radiograph as:", + "gold_answer": "Radio-opaque", + "os_answer": " Bone is a hard tissue. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following resembles caries in radiographs?", + "gold_answer": "Polymethyl methacnilate", + "os_answer": " Fungal infections. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of tooth decay? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 7-year old boy presented with severe abdominal pain. On examination, he had xanthoma. Blood sample was taken for work-up blood sample had milky appearance of plasma. Which of the following lipoprotein is increased?", + "gold_answer": "Chylomicron", + "os_answer": "A. Acute fatty liver of infancy. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013", + "gold_answer": "NPHS 2", + "os_answer": " The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene defect in idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome \u2013 The most common gene", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ligamentum flavum consists of:", + "gold_answer": "Elastin", + "os_answer": " Ligamentum flavum consists of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of following are recognized manifestation of acute Rheumatic fever except \u2013a) Abdominal painb) Epistaxisc) Choread) Subcutaneous nodules", + "gold_answer": "ab", + "os_answer": " a) Abdominal painb) Epistaxisc) Choread) Subcutaneous nodules ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Following are functions of prostaglandins except:", + "gold_answer": "Elevates blood pressure", + "os_answer": "Prostaglandins are the most important substances in the body. They are produced in the body and are used for the regulation of the body's functions. They are also used for the treatment of various diseases.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Complete denture teeth are in edge to edge contact in centric occlusion. What should be done?", + "gold_answer": "Grind the cusp in such a way that the incline of the upper cusp slides buccally and lower cusp slides lingually", + "os_answer": "The edge to edge contact is not a problem. The problem is that the teeth are not in centric occlusion. The teeth are not in centric occlusion because the teeth are not in centric occlusion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Position of adenoid is in the ?", + "gold_answer": "Nasopharynx", + "os_answer": "The adenoid is located in the middle of the nose. The adenoid is a small, flat, cartilaginous structure that lies between the nasal septum and the nasal cavity. The adenoid is covered by mucous membranes. The adenoid is connected to the nasal cavity by a narrow canal called the foramen cecum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fish tail deformity in a child is seen after injury to?", + "gold_answer": "Distal humerus", + "os_answer": "The fish tail deformity is seen after injury to the spine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A radiograph of the mandibular posteriors\u00a0in a patient reveals radiopacity\u00a0above the apices of right 1st molar. No restoration\u00a0or cavity present. There is no pain or swelling and the pulp is vital. The diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Cementoblastoma", + "os_answer": "A. The pulp is vital. B. The pulp is vital and the root is vital. C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major fimbrial structural component of P. gingivalis is", + "gold_answer": "Fim A", + "os_answer": "The major fimbrial structural component of P. gingivalis is a fimbrial adhesin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A female of 36 weeks gestation presents with hypertension, blurring of vision and headache. Her blood pressure reading was 180/120 mm Hg and 174/110 mm Hg after 20 minutes. How will you manage the patient?", + "gold_answer": "Admit the patient, start antihypertensives, MgSO4 and terminate the pregnancy", + "os_answer": " The patient will be admitted to the hospital for further evaluation. The patient will be monitored for the next 24 hours. The patient will be discharged after 24 hours.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Reduction in the fusion temperature of dental gold casting alloys is caused by presence of:", + "gold_answer": "Copper", + "os_answer": "1. The presence of a small amount of water in the alloy. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Highly vascular tumor of brain and spinal cord in adults:", + "gold_answer": "Hemangioblastoma", + "os_answer": "The tumor is a malignant glioma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The patient suffered from hypogonadism, failure to thrive, loss of taste and unable to maintain stability. This shows the deficiency of:", + "gold_answer": "Zinc", + "os_answer": " The patient suffered from hypogonadism, failure to thrive, loss of taste and unable to maintain stability. This shows the deficiency of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "At which stage of Nolla's, the tooth starts erupting?", + "gold_answer": "Stage 6", + "os_answer": " The tooth starts erupting when the tooth is about to erupt.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Palatogingival groove is seen in", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary lateral incisor", + "os_answer": " Palatogingival groove is seen in the following cases:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not a branch of the external carotid aery supplying nasal septum?", + "gold_answer": "anterior ethmoidal", + "os_answer": " The aery is the aery of the external carotid artery. Question: Which is not a branch of the external carotid aery supplying the external carotid artery? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cysts associated with vital teeth are:", + "gold_answer": "Dentigerous cyst, Globulomaxillary cyst, lateral periodontal cyst, OKC", + "os_answer": "1. A cyst is a collection of fluid that is produced by the body. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Metal coping seen in upper anteriors is suggestive of:", + "gold_answer": "Cast post & core", + "os_answer": "The upper anteriors of the teeth are covered with a thin layer of enamel. This layer is called the enamel. The enamel is made up of two layers. The outer layer is called the enamel. The inner layer is called the dentin. The enamel is made up of a thin layer of calcium phosphate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Common carotid artery divides to ICA & ECA at:", + "gold_answer": "Thyroid cartilage", + "os_answer": "The common carotid artery divides into the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery. The internal carotid artery supplies the brain and the external carotid artery supplies the neck. The common carotid artery is the largest artery in the body and supplies blood to the brain. The common carotid artery is also called the internal carotid artery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Algophobia is:", + "gold_answer": "Phobia of pain.", + "os_answer": " Algophobia is a fear of the taste of medicine. Question: Algophobia is: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Direct pulp capping is not done in which of these situations?", + "gold_answer": "Carious exposure with more than 1 mm in size", + "os_answer": "1. When the pulp is necrotic or infected. 2. When the pulp is infected and the pulp capping is not done. 3. When the pulp is necrotic and the pulp capping is not done. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the best study design to assess in quick time the strength of association between smoking and lung cancer?", + "gold_answer": "Case controlstudy", + "os_answer": " A case-control study. Question: Which of the following is the best study design to assess in quick time the strength of association between obesity and lung cancer? ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tumor marker for seminoma:", + "gold_answer": "PLAP", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Nerve supply of the mucosa of larynx, from epiglottis to the level of the cords is :", + "gold_answer": "Superior laryngeal", + "os_answer": "The mucosa of the larynx is supplied by the nerves of the epiglottis and the cords. The nerves of the epiglottis pass through the mucosa of the larynx and the nerves of the cords pass through the mucosa of the larynx. The nerves of the epiglottis and the nerves of the cords are supplied by the same nerves.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Adverse effect of Foscarnet includes all except?", + "gold_answer": "Hyperkalemia", + "os_answer": "Foscarnet is a drug that is used to treat a variety of diseases. It is used to treat a variety of diseases.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause of Blood stained diaper in a Neonate is :", + "gold_answer": "Urethral hemangioma", + "os_answer": " Most common cause of Blood stained diaper in a Neonate is :", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The purpose of pulpotomy in young permanent tooth", + "gold_answer": "To induce root formation", + "os_answer": "Pulpotomy is a surgical procedure that removes the pulp of a tooth. The pulp is the soft tissue that surrounds the nerve that carries nerve signals to the brain. The pulp is the part of the tooth that is most sensitive to injury. The pulp is the part of the tooth that is most likely to be affected by decay. The pulp is the part of the tooth that is most likely to be affected by injury.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of carcinoma larynx with stridor presents in casualty, immediate management is -", + "gold_answer": "Immediate tracheostomy", + "os_answer": "The patient is suffering from a severe laryngeal obstruction.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "When soft palate is paralysed, which is not seen?", + "gold_answer": "Clefting of the palate", + "os_answer": "The soft palate is not seen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sentinel lymph node biopsy is most useful for:", + "gold_answer": "Carcinoma vulva", + "os_answer": "Sentinel lymph node biopsy is most useful for: 1. Breast cancer. 2. Breast cancer with axillary lymph node involvement. 3. Breast cancer with axillary lymph node involvement and positive sentinel lymph node biopsy. 4. Breast cancer with axillary lymph node involvement and negative sentinel lymph node biopsy. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a population of 10000 people, the prevalence of a disease is 20%. The sensitivity of a screening test is 95% and specificity is 80%. The positive predictive value of the test will be -", + "gold_answer": "54.30%", + "os_answer": "The positive predictive value of a screening test is 95% and the negative predictive value is 80%.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the most commonly used drug for management of community acquired pneumonia?", + "gold_answer": "Azithromycin", + "os_answer": " Amoxicillin. Question: Which of the following is the most commonly used drug for management of community acquired pneumonia? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of HIV is on treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, lamivudine and ketoconazole. He developed nephrolithiasis, hyperlipidemia, central obesity, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Which of the following drug is likely to produce above adverse effects?", + "gold_answer": "Indinavir", + "os_answer": "Indinavir. Indinavir is a protease inhibitor that is used to treat HIV infection. It is also used to treat hepatitis C infection. It is also used to treat hepatitis B infection. It is also used to treat herpes simplex infection. It is also used to treat herpes zoster infection. It is also used to treat cytomegalovirus infection.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the most common tumor of mediastinum?", + "gold_answer": "Neurogenic", + "os_answer": "Mediastinum tumor is the most common tumor of mediastinum. It is a tumor that is located in the mediastinum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A new method of measuring Haemoglobin levels has been developed. Ten successive readings of a single sample are as follows: 9.4, 10.4, 9.6, 9.1, 10.8, 12.1, 10.1, 9.8, 9.2, 9.5. But the Haemoglobin measured by standard calorimetry was 10.2. Therefore the given method has", + "gold_answer": "High validity, low reliability", + "os_answer": "A. The method is not accurate. B. The method is accurate. C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Using stopko tip irrigation which of these is used cleaning and drying of pulp chamber:", + "gold_answer": "95% ethanol + 17% EDTA", + "os_answer": " Stopko tip irrigation is used cleaning and drying of pulp chamber.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is:", + "gold_answer": "Through umbilical vein", + "os_answer": " The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is: The ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Duct of parotid gland crosses over masseter muscle and pierces the:", + "gold_answer": "Buccinator muscle", + "os_answer": " The duct of the parotid gland crosses over the masseter muscle and pierces the duct of the parotid gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A gravida 2 patient with previous LSCS comes at 37 weeks, has BP= 150/100 mm of hg. And on pervaginal examination, cervix is 50% effaced station-3, os is closed and pelvis is adequate. Protein uria is +1, Most appropriate step at the moment would be:", + "gold_answer": "Induce labour", + "os_answer": "1. The patient should be referred to a gynecologist for further evaluation. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 26 years old female presented with mild pain in lower abdomen. She has had 2 full-term normal delivery earlier. Her last menstrual period was 3 weeks back. On pelvic examination, you find a palpable mass in the adnexa. On USG pelvis, you find a 5 cm ovarian cyst. What should be your next step?", + "gold_answer": "Observation and follow-up for cyst after 2-3 months", + "os_answer": "The next step is to perform a laparoscopy. The cyst is not visible on laparoscopy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drug not used in H. pylori?", + "gold_answer": "Mosapride", + "os_answer": "H. pylori is a bacterium that lives in the stomach. It is a normal part of the human digestive system. It is a bacterium that lives in the stomach.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about nitric oxide, EXCEPT:", + "gold_answer": "Acts via cAMP", + "os_answer": "NO is a gas. NO is a chemical compound. NO is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and inert gas. NO is a gas with a very short life-span.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of supracondylar humerus fracture is unable to flex interphalangeal joint of the thumb. Which nerve is most likely injured?", + "gold_answer": "AIN", + "os_answer": "The radial nerve. The radial nerve is the longest nerve in the forearm and is the most common nerve injured in the forearm. The radial nerve is the most common nerve injured in the forearm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Jersey finger is caused by rupture of:", + "gold_answer": "Flexor digitorum profundus", + "os_answer": "1. Aortic aneurysm. 2. Aortic dissection. 3. Aortic aneurysm and dissection. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Glycoprotein which is Lubricant & Protective", + "gold_answer": "Mucin", + "os_answer": " Glycoprotein which is Lubricant & Protective ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common tumour of parotid gland is:", + "gold_answer": "Pleomorphic adenoma", + "os_answer": "Parotid gland is a gland that is located in the neck. It is a small gland that is located in the neck.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The means by which one part of R.P.D opposes the action of the retainer in the function is called", + "gold_answer": "Reciprocation", + "os_answer": " The retainer is called ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Coenzyme A contains which of the following vitamins:", + "gold_answer": "Pantothenic acid", + "os_answer": "Vitamin B6. Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin that is found in foods such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products. It is also found in some plants, such as spinach, and in some animals, such as cows, chickens, and pigs. Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme that is needed for the synthesis of other vitamins. It is also needed for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Vitamin B6 is needed for the synthesis of the coenzyme NADPH, which is needed for the synthesis of the coenzyme NADP. Vitamin B6 is needed for the synthesis of the coenzyme NADP, which is needed for the synthesis of the coenzyme NADPH. Vitamin B6 is needed for the synthesis of the coenzyme NADPH.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "\"Multifactorial Causation\" theory was given by", + "gold_answer": "Pettenkofer of Munich", + "os_answer": " \"The theory is based on the fact that the cause of disease is not the disease itself, but the disease's effect on the body.\"", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lateral movement of condyle takes place by:", + "gold_answer": "Contralateral lateral pterygoid", + "os_answer": "1. The condyle is moved by the muscles of the neck. 2. The condyle is moved by the muscles of the shoulder. 3. The condyle is moved by the muscles of the elbow. 4. The condyle is moved by the muscles of the wrist. 5. The condyle is moved by the muscles of the ankle. 6. The condyle is moved by the muscles of the knee. 7. The condyle is moved by the muscles of the hip. 8.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "causes of thyroid storm", + "gold_answer": "Poor Preoperative preparation of the patient", + "os_answer": " Thyroid storm is a condition in which the thyroid gland becomes inflamed and produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. This condition is most often caused by a thyroid gland infection, but it can also be caused by a thyroid gland tumor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Surface roughness of an orthodontic mini-screw implant can be measured by:", + "gold_answer": "Profilometer", + "os_answer": " The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by: The surface roughness of the mini-screw implant can be measured by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is main cause of pain during pulpal injury progression?", + "gold_answer": "Increased vascular permeability", + "os_answer": " The pulpal tissue is damaged by the pressure of the tooth. Question: Which of the following is main cause of pain during pulpal injury progression? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child was brought to the hospital was found to have hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly and accumulation of highly branched glycogen called limit dextrins. He is likely to be suffering from:", + "gold_answer": "Cori's disease", + "os_answer": "Hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is a condition in which the blood sugar level is low. It is a common condition in children and is usually due to a lack of insulin. The child may have a low blood sugar level for a few days or weeks.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Decay of enamel following radiotherapy is initiated due to:", + "gold_answer": "Decrease in salivary flow", + "os_answer": " Decay of enamel following radiotherapy is initiated due to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lente insulin is composed of:", + "gold_answer": "30% Amorphous + 70% Crystalline insulin", + "os_answer": " Lente insulin is composed of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Materials which has high compressive strength and low tensile strength is classified with property of", + "gold_answer": "Brittleness", + "os_answer": " Materials which has high compressive strength and low tensile strength is classified with property of ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Apical foramen is offcenter the root apex", + "gold_answer": "0.5-3 mm", + "os_answer": " The apical foramen is offcenter the root apex.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A condition of the mouth which increases the caries activity in the oral cavity is", + "gold_answer": "Xerostomia", + "os_answer": "The condition is called \"dental caries\". The condition is caused by the bacteria which are present in the mouth. The bacteria are present in the mouth because they are present in the saliva. The bacteria are present in the saliva because they are present in the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hyaline membrane disease of lungs is characterized by \u2013", + "gold_answer": "FRC is smaller than closing volume", + "os_answer": " Hyaline membrane disease of lungs is characterized by \u2013", + "os_eval": "Incorrect ", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anaesthestic agent causing adrenal suppression", + "gold_answer": "Etomidate", + "os_answer": "Adrenal suppression is a common side effect of many medications. It is caused by the action of the adrenal gland on the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is a small gland located in the brain. It is responsible for the production of hormones. The adrenal gland is a gland located in the abdomen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient comes with pinpoint pupil, salivation, tremors, and red tears. Cholinesterase activity was 30% normal. Probable diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Organophosphate poisoning", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "45-year-old presents with persistent productive cough and clubbing. On auscultation, wheeze and crackles are present. Which is the most specific investigation to confirm the diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "HRCT", + "os_answer": " Auscultation. Question: A 45-year-old man presents with a history of cough and clubbing. On auscultation, wheeze and crackles are present. Which is the most specific investigation to confirm the diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The \"Pulse oximetry\" used in the determination of:", + "gold_answer": "Oxygen saturation", + "os_answer": " The \"Pulse oximetry\" used in the determination of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The iron carbide in orthodontic wire is in the form of:", + "gold_answer": "Austenite", + "os_answer": " The iron carbide in orthodontic wire is in the form of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An isolated area in which root is denuded of bone is intact and covered only by periosteum and overlying gingiva is called", + "gold_answer": "Fenestration", + "os_answer": " The area is called an ankylosed area.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A driver wearing seat belt applied brake suddenly to avoid a collision. Which of the following body pas is most likely to be injured?", + "gold_answer": "Mesentery", + "os_answer": " The driver\u2019s leg. Question: A driver is driving a car at a high speed. The car is going to hit a tree. Which of the following is most likely to be injured? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Heavy and light body impression materials are used with:", + "gold_answer": "1 and 2", + "os_answer": " Heavy body impression materials are used with: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In comparison to maxillary central incisor, maxillary canine has a height of contour that is:", + "gold_answer": "More", + "os_answer": "1. The maxillary canine is a tooth that is located in the maxillary bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bite cells are seen in", + "gold_answer": "G6PD deficiency", + "os_answer": " The cells are called \"biting cells\" because they are able to cause pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyper parathyroidism is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Decreased renal phosphate absorption", + "os_answer": " 1. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 2. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 3. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 4. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 5. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 6. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 7. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 8. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 9. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 10. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 11. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 12. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 13. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 14. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 15. The decreased phosphate levels seen in hyperparathyroidism is due to: 16", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient on Anti - tubercular therapy develops tingling sensation in the limbs. Which of the following when substituted can result in improvement of symptoms?", + "gold_answer": "Pyridoxine", + "os_answer": " 1. Antibiotics 2. Antihistamine 3. Antihistamine + Antibiotics 4. Antihistamine + Antibiotics + Antihistamine 5. Antihistamine + Antibiotics + Antihistamine + Antibiotics ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A permanent tooth with fracture involving apical one\nthird of root after treatment, would most likely:", + "gold_answer": "Remain vital and functional", + "os_answer": " The root can be saved by root canal treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient reports with severe throbbing pain in relation\nto mandibular second molar. The tooth is sensitive to both hot and cold food and elicits a painful response on percussion. What would be your treatment of choice?", + "gold_answer": "Endodontic therapy", + "os_answer": " The patient should be referred to a dentist for a thorough examination and treatment. The dentist will then determine the best treatment plan for the patient.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Etanercept is a disease-modifying drug used in management of rheumatoid ahritis. What is its mechanism of action?", + "gold_answer": "Inhibition of TNF alpha", + "os_answer": "Etanercept is a disease-modifying drug used in management of rheumatoid arthritis. It is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the cell surface of the immune system and prevents the activation of T cells. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It is a drug that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For root fracture it is imperative to take X-ray at?", + "gold_answer": "45\u00b0,\t90\u00b0, 110\u00b0", + "os_answer": " X-ray is not necessary for root fracture.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Postherpetic neuralgia is defined as pain lasting beyond how many weeks?", + "gold_answer": "4 weeks", + "os_answer": "Postherpetic neuralgia is a pain that is caused by a virus that is spread through the nervous system. It is a pain that is caused by a virus that is spread through the nervous system.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Swelling and redness of the orifices of minor salivary glands of the palate occurs in:", + "gold_answer": "Nicotinic stornatitis", + "os_answer": "1. A. All cases of swelling and redness of the orifices of minor salivary glands of the palate. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The first sensation to be lost following administration of local anesthetic is", + "gold_answer": "Pain", + "os_answer": " The first sensation to be lost following administration of local anesthetic is pain.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drug causing toxic optic neuropathy is:March 2009", + "gold_answer": "Ethambutol", + "os_answer": "The drug is a steroid. It is used to treat glaucoma. It is not a steroid. It is a steroid.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major mechanism of action of nitrates in acute attack of angina is:-", + "gold_answer": "Decreases in preload", + "os_answer": "Nitrates are used in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. They are used in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In penicillin allergy, penicillin acts as a:", + "gold_answer": "Hapten", + "os_answer": "A. Antibiotic. B. Antitoxin. C. Antimicrobial. D. Antiviral. E.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 12 years old boy develops sore throat of 4 day s duration. On examination, yellow grayish patch seen over both the tonsils and foul smell coming from his mouth. Which of the following non-suppurative complication is of concern?", + "gold_answer": "Both acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis", + "os_answer": "A. Acute pharyngitis. B. Acute tonsillitis. C. Acute pharyngitis with tonsillitis. D. Acute pharyngitis with tonsillitis and pharyngitis. E.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with implanted cardiac pacemaker (defibrillator),which of the following investigation is useful to know the position of the misplaced implant ?.", + "gold_answer": "X-ray", + "os_answer": "The position of the implanted pacemaker is determined by the position of the lead. The lead is implanted in the right ventricle and the pacemaker is implanted in the right atrium.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the effective management of a dengue patient with warning signs without shock and haemorrhage-", + "gold_answer": "IV fluids", + "os_answer": "The patient should be admitted to the hospital for further management. The patient should be treated with intravenous fluids and anti-coagulants. The patient should be treated with anti-coagulants and intravenous fluids.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most impoant but nonspecific regulator of iron metabolism is:", + "gold_answer": "Hepcidin", + "os_answer": " Iron.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In PHC, which anticoagulant is used to send the blood sample for blood glucose:", + "gold_answer": "Potassium oxalate + sodium fluoride", + "os_answer": " In PHC, which anticoagulant is used to send the blood sample for blood glucose:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Receptors for olfactory sensation are present in:", + "gold_answer": "Lateral wall and nasal septum above superior concha", + "os_answer": "1. The nose. 2. The olfactory mucosa. 3. The olfactory nerve. 4. The olfactory bulb. 5. The olfactory cortex. 6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What processing should be done of the blood before transfusion to reduce chances of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)?", + "gold_answer": "Leucocyte reduction", + "os_answer": "The blood should be processed to remove the red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets (PLTs) before transfusion. The RBCs and PLTs are removed by centrifugation. The RBCs and PLTs are then removed from the plasma by centrifugation. The plasma is then removed from the plasma by centrifugation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All the following nerves are related to the mandible except:", + "gold_answer": "Chorda tympani", + "os_answer": "1. The mandibular nerve. 2. The facial nerve. 3. The glossopharyngeal nerve. 4. The vagus nerve. 5. The hypoglossal nerve. 6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After amalgam polishing, the outermost surface has crystals arranged flattened to tooth surface. This layer is known as", + "gold_answer": "Beilby layer", + "os_answer": "The outermost layer of the tooth is the enamel. The enamel is a hard, transparent, mineralized layer that covers the inner surface of the tooth. The enamel is composed of a thin layer of calcium phosphate (CaP) crystals that are arranged in a hexagonal pattern. The enamel is the hardest substance in the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Opium poisoning is treated with:MAHE 06; Bihar 12; UPSC 13", + "gold_answer": "Naloxone", + "os_answer": " The following are the answers to the question: Opium poisoning is treated with:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Onodi cells and Haller cells are seen in relation to following respectively -", + "gold_answer": "Optic nerve and floor of the orbit", + "os_answer": " Onodi cells are seen in relation to the following - ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child present with recurrent sinusitis and recurrent chest infections. Chest X\u2013ray reveals dextrocardia and situs invertus. The diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Kartagener's syndrome", + "os_answer": "The child has a congenital heart defect.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The function of a sprue is to:", + "gold_answer": "Form an opening for molten metal to enter the mold", + "os_answer": " The function of a sprue is to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Largest permanent tooth in mouth is", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary 1st molar", + "os_answer": "The largest permanent tooth in the mouth is the incisor. The incisor is the largest tooth in the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Translocation seen in Ewing's sarcoma is:", + "gold_answer": "t(11,22)", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Young\u2019s formula for calculating pediatric dose of a drug is:", + "gold_answer": "Age / Age+12 x Adult dose", + "os_answer": " The formula is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common site for melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy is (MNTI):", + "gold_answer": "Maxilla", + "os_answer": "The most common site for MNTI is the head and neck region.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Liver is divided into eight segments according to Couinaud's classification based upon", + "gold_answer": "Poal vein", + "os_answer": "1. The liver is divided into four lobes. 2. The liver is divided into two lobes. 3. The liver is divided into three lobes. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The drug which gives orange colour to the urine is:", + "gold_answer": "Rifampicin", + "os_answer": " The drug which gives orange colour to the urine is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 27 years old pregnant lady comes with severe jaundice and altered sensorium. On examination, the patient is deeply icteric, not responding to commands and pelvic sonogram reveals intrauterine fetal death. Serum bilirubin levels are 28.8 mg/dL (direct = 18.6 mg/dL), AST levels are 1063 and ALT levels are 1191. The viral markers are as follows. What is the likely diagnosis?Anti-HAV IgGReactiveAnti-HAV IgMNonreactiveHbSAgNon reactiveAnti-HbSAgNonreactiveAnti-HBc IgMNonreactiveAnti-HBc IgGReactiveAnti-HCV IgGNonreactiveAnti-HEV IgMReactiveAnti-HEV IgGNon reactive", + "gold_answer": "Fulminant hepatitis due to hepatitis E infection", + "os_answer": "The patient is suffering from acute hepatitis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient of liver disease, the possible complication during extraction is:", + "gold_answer": "Bleeding", + "os_answer": "The patient is a patient of liver disease. The possible complication during extraction is: The patient is a patient of liver disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except :", + "gold_answer": "Decreased haemoglobin", + "os_answer": " Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except : Dengue shock", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 24 years old female presented with patchy hair loss in the right temporal and occipital region. Examination revealed non- scarring alopecia with multiple small broken hairs. Scrapings from scalp showed mild inflammation, peri-follicular hemorrhage and surrounding mild lymphocytic infiltration. What is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Trichotillomania", + "os_answer": "The most likely diagnosis is alopecia areata. The patient was treated with oral isotretinoin and topical tacrolimus. The hair regrew within a few weeks. The patient was followed up for 6 months and the hair regrew again. The patient was advised to continue with oral isotretinoin and topical tacrolimus. The hair regrew again.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Decalcification and discoloration of teeth occurs during orthodontic treatment due to:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of discoloration of teeth is the use of orthodontic appliances.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 4 yr old girl child suffering from vomiting, cerebral edema and is being treated for viral infection from past 5 days. Liver biopsy in this patient may show", + "gold_answer": "Microvesicular steatohepatitis", + "os_answer": "Liver biopsy is not necessary. The child is being treated for viral infection from past 5 days.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Currently used radiographic method for working length determination is:", + "gold_answer": "Ingels technique.", + "os_answer": " The method is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient who is a known case of CKD has complaints of vomiting. His ABG repos are as follows: pH - 7.40, pCO2 - 40, HCO3 - 25. Na -145, chloride-100.", + "gold_answer": "High anion gap metabolic acidosis with metabolic alkalosis", + "os_answer": "The patient is suffering from CKD. The patient has a high pCO2 and a low HCO3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient had a A and put on mechanical ventilation, he is opening his eyes on verbal command, Moves all his 4 limbs spontaneously. What will be his GCS score?", + "gold_answer": "9", + "os_answer": " GCS score is 15.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following enzyme is common between glycogenesis and glycogenolysis?", + "gold_answer": "Phosphoglucomutase", + "os_answer": " Glycogen phosphorylase.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mechanism of action of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) as an antiviral agent is:", + "gold_answer": "Neuraminidase inhibition", + "os_answer": "Oseltamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor. It is a non-competitive inhibitor of the influenza neuraminidase enzyme. It is a prodrug that is converted to the active drug by the action of the enzyme. The active drug is a non-competitive inhibitor of the influenza neuraminidase enzyme.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following cranial nerve not associated with olfaction?", + "gold_answer": "XII", + "os_answer": " V.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Glossy smooth margins of a casting are due to", + "gold_answer": "incomplete wax elimination", + "os_answer": " The cast is smooth because it is a cast.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best medium to transport/store an avulsed tooth, which is not to be reimplanted immediately? (OR) the medium which maintains the vitality of PDl and thus indicated for long duration transport of an avulse tooth", + "gold_answer": "Viaspan", + "os_answer": "The best medium to transport/store an avulsed tooth, which is not to be reimplanted immediately is the PDl. The PDl is a tissue which is not to be reimplanted immediately.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In complete bilateral palsy of recurrent laryngeal nerves, there is -", + "gold_answer": "Preservation of speech with severe stridor and dyspnea", + "os_answer": " The nerve is not involved.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Inter dose interval depends on?", + "gold_answer": "Half life of drug", + "os_answer": " Inter dose interval depends on the dose of the drug.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the most common type of congenital ossicular dysfunction?", + "gold_answer": "Stapes defect with fixation of footplate and lenticular process involvement.", + "os_answer": "The most common type of congenital ossicular dysfunction is the congenital absence of the external auditory canal. The most common cause of congenital absence of the external auditory canal is the failure of the ossicular chain to close.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Earliest transient change following tissue injury", + "gold_answer": "Neutrophilia", + "os_answer": " Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change following tissue injury Earliest transient change", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Microaneurysms are the earliest manifestation of diabetic retinopathy. Which of the following layer is involved in diabetic etinopathy?", + "gold_answer": "Inner nuclear layer", + "os_answer": " Diabetic retinopathy. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of diabetic retinopathy? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The type of bone present in the inter-radicular area is", + "gold_answer": "Cancellous", + "os_answer": "The inter-radicular area is the area between the two bones of the jaw.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Asymptomatic hep B is common in 2-3% normal population, but there is increased risk of transmission into hepatocellular carcinoma. Why?", + "gold_answer": "Integration of viral DNA with host DNA", + "os_answer": "Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus that infects the liver. It is transmitted through blood transfusion, sexual contact, and vertical transmission. The virus is present in the liver and can be found in the blood.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which anti-cholinergic drug doesn't cross the blood brain barrier and placenta?", + "gold_answer": "Glycopyrrolate bromide", + "os_answer": "Cholinergic drugs are not absorbed into the blood brain barrier. They are not absorbed into the placenta. They are not absorbed into the blood. They are not absorbed into the lymphatic system.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child accidentally swallows 10 cc of a 10% fluoride solution. The most effective immediate action is to:", + "gold_answer": "Have the child drink milk or some other calcium containing liquid", + "os_answer": " The most effective immediate action is to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is carcinoma of the skin, spreads by local invasion and has no tendency to metastasise?", + "gold_answer": "Basal cell carcinoma", + "os_answer": " Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Question: Which of the following is a malignant neoplasm of the ovary? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chronic alcoholic comes with pain epigastrium and recurrent vomiting. On examination guarding in upper epigastrium. Chest X-ray normal. What to do next?", + "gold_answer": "Serum lipase", + "os_answer": "First, we need to know the cause of the pain. Chronic alcoholic comes with pain epigastrium and recurrent vomiting. On examination, we need to know the cause of the pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lateral movement of condyle is caused by:", + "gold_answer": "Both lateral and medial pterygoid muscle", + "os_answer": "1. The condyle is not moving. 2. The condyle is moving. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Submandibular duct is exposed via intraoral approach by incising the:", + "gold_answer": "Mucous membrane", + "os_answer": "The submandibular duct is exposed via an incision in the submandibular gland. The incision is made in the submandibular gland, and the duct is exposed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Physiological active form of cholesterol is:", + "gold_answer": "Free cholesterol", + "os_answer": "Cholesterol is a fat-soluble molecule that is found in the blood. It is a component of cell membranes and is involved in the formation of cell membranes. Cholesterol is a component of cell membranes and is involved in the formation of cell membranes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Patient is admitted with Insomnia, Agitation, Diarrhoea, Dilated pupils and Sweating, what is the type of poisoning?", + "gold_answer": "Heroin", + "os_answer": "Poisoning is a poisoning of the body. The poison is the medicine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Increased depth in posterior palatal seal area of denture \ncauses:", + "gold_answer": "Unseating of denture base", + "os_answer": " The increased depth in the posterior palatal seal area of the denture causes the denture to be more difficult to remove.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pegloticase used in which of the following conditions?", + "gold_answer": "Chronic Gout", + "os_answer": "1. A patient with a history of severe allergic reaction to penicillin. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Golgi tendon organ function is?", + "gold_answer": "Detects the muscle tension", + "os_answer": "The Golgi tendon organ is a specialized tendon that is located in the tendon sheath of the hand. It is a specialized tendon that is located in the tendon sheath of the hand.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tobacco Chewing/ smoking is the most common predisposing cause of which of the following:", + "gold_answer": "Necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)", + "os_answer": " Heart disease. Question: What is the most common cause of which of the following: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The main arterial trunk supplying the infra temporal fossa is:", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary artery", + "os_answer": "The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and the middle cerebral artery (MCA) supply the infra temporal fossa. The anterior communicating artery (ACoA) supplies the anterior part of the temporal lobe. The posterior communicating artery (PCoA) supplies the posterior part of the temporal lobe. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) supplies the frontal lobe. The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) supplies the frontal lobe. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) supplies the parietal lobe. The anterior communicating artery (ACoA) supplies the parietal lobe. The posterior communicating artery (PCoA) supplies the parietal lobe. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) supplies the occipital lobe. The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) supplies the occipital lobe. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) supplies the temporal lobe. The anterior communicating artery (ACoA) supplies the temporal lobe. The posterior communicating artery (PCoA) supplies the temporal lobe.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Reticulocytosis is seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Hemolytic anemia", + "os_answer": "1. A. All patients with acute leukemia. 2. All patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. 3. All patients with acute myelocytic leukemia. 4. All patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. 5. All patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia. 6. All patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 7. All patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. 8.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "MB2 (In maxillary first molar)can be seen through Dental operating microscope in what percentage of cases", + "gold_answer": "90-95%", + "os_answer": " The percentage of cases is very less.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Post-auricular ecchymosis in cases of fracture of the base of the skull is called:", + "gold_answer": "Battle's sign", + "os_answer": " Post-auricular ecchymosis in cases of fracture of the base of the skull is called:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause of interochanteric fracture in old is -", + "gold_answer": "Osteoporosis", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of interochanteric fracture in old is osteoporosis.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Split finger technique is used for", + "gold_answer": "Creation of inter-implant papillae", + "os_answer": " The split finger technique is used for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Second messenger for smooth muscle relaxation mediated by NO is:", + "gold_answer": "cGMP", + "os_answer": " NO.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which factor of the following contributes to short duration of anesthetic action of single dose thiopental", + "gold_answer": "High lipid solubility", + "os_answer": " The duration of the action of thiopental is short.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fibroblasts in pulp produces collagen", + "gold_answer": "Type I and III", + "os_answer": " Fibroblasts in pulp produces collagen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If a bacteria were susceptible to both penicillin and Erythromycin, then it would not be appropriate to treat the patients with both antibiotics at the same time because", + "gold_answer": "Penicillin is only effective against growing cells", + "os_answer": " The bacteria would be resistant to both antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Number of fossa in upper 1st molar", + "gold_answer": "2 major 2 minor", + "os_answer": " 1 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For wound healing which mineral is helpful?", + "gold_answer": "Magnesium", + "os_answer": " Calcium.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following drugs is used for treatment of cancer associated thromboembolism?", + "gold_answer": "LMW heparin", + "os_answer": " Warfarin. Question: Which of the following drugs is used for treatment of cancer associated thromboembolism? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child who was normal at bih develops chronic liver failure and muscle weakness at 3 months of age. On investigations, serum glucose is low, along with ketoacidosis and decreased pH. ALT and AST are raised. Blood lactate and uric acid levels are normal. Intravenous glucagon given after meals raises the blood glucose levels, but does not raise glucose when given after an overnight fast. Liver biopsy shows increased glycogen in liver. Which is the enzyme likely to be defective in this child?", + "gold_answer": "Debranching enzyme", + "os_answer": "The enzyme that is likely to be defective is glycogen phosphorylase. The enzyme is a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. It is a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ameloblastoma histologically resembles:", + "gold_answer": "BCC", + "os_answer": "A. Ameloblastoma B. Ameloblastoma C. Ameloblastoma D. Ameloblastoma E. Ameloblastoma F. Ameloblastoma G. Ameloblastoma H. Ameloblastoma I. Ameloblastoma J. Ameloblastoma K. Ameloblastoma L. Ameloblastoma M. Ameloblastoma N. Ameloblastoma O. Ameloblastoma P. Ameloblastoma Q. Ameloblastoma R. Ameloblastoma S. Ameloblastoma T. Ameloblastoma U. Ameloblastoma V. Ameloblastoma W. Ameloblastoma X. Ameloblastoma Y. Ameloblastoma Z. Ameloblastoma A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The depth of clinical gingival sulcus is the distance between the gingival margin to the", + "gold_answer": "Apical penetration of the probe", + "os_answer": " The depth of clinical gingival sulcus is the distance between the gingival margin to the gingival margin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "ECG shows a mean axis of 90 degrees. In which of the following would be present the maximum voltage of R wave?", + "gold_answer": "aVF", + "os_answer": " Maximum voltage of R wave is in the right ventricular apex. Question: What is the maximum voltage of R wave in the right ventricular apex? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is false about apoptosis?", + "gold_answer": "Organelle swelling", + "os_answer": "Apoptosis is a process that occurs in the body when cells are damaged or killed. It is a natural process that occurs in all cells. It is a process that occurs in all cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During polymerisation of acrylic resin, above what temperature benzoyl peroxide form free radicals?", + "gold_answer": "60\u00b0C", + "os_answer": "The temperature of the acrylic resin is not the same as the temperature of the benzoyl peroxide. The acrylic resin is heated to a temperature of about 120\u00b0C, and the benzoyl peroxide is heated to a temperature of about 80\u00b0C. The acrylic resin is then heated to a temperature of about 120\u00b0C, and the benzoyl peroxide is heated to a temperature of about 80\u00b0C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Radiolucencies of the jaw may be seen in:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "1. The jaw bone. 2. The jaw bone and teeth. 3. The jaw bone and teeth and the jaw bone. 4. The jaw bone and teeth and the jaw bone and teeth. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pharyngeal Pseudosulcus is seen secondary to-", + "gold_answer": "Laryngopharyngeal Reflux", + "os_answer": " Pharyngeal Pseudosulcus is seen secondary to- Question: Pharyngeal Pseudosulcus is seen secondary to- ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During cobalt chromium crown reconstruction, temperature of soldering torch suddenly increases. In such case, which of the following property will change?", + "gold_answer": "Yield strength and percent elongation both decreases", + "os_answer": " The temperature of soldering torch increases.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "4th generation apex locators are based on?", + "gold_answer": "Multiple frequency ratio based", + "os_answer": "The 4th generation apex locators are based on the principle of the 4th generation apex locators.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common intraoral location for a pigmented\nnevi is the", + "gold_answer": "Hard palate", + "os_answer": " The most common intraoral location for a pigmented nevus is the\nmouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Earliest valvular lesion in a case of acute rheumatic fever is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Mitral regurgitation (MR)", + "os_answer": " The earliest valvular lesion in a case of acute rheumatic fever is \u2013 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase is increased in:", + "gold_answer": "Myocardial infarction", + "os_answer": "1. A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Peau d'Orange of breast is due to:September 2005, 2010, March 2007", + "gold_answer": "Obstruction of lymphatic ducts.", + "os_answer": " The breast is due to:September 2005, 2010, March 2007 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most accurate method of determination of working length in a tooth with open apex:", + "gold_answer": "Moisture on paperpoint", + "os_answer": "The most accurate method of determination of working length in a tooth with open apex is to measure the distance from the apex to the most apical point of the root.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infection of masticatory space is usually associated with", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular molar", + "os_answer": " The infection is usually associated with the presence of a foreign body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The patients with class II division 1 malocclusion have", + "gold_answer": "Hypotonic upper lip", + "os_answer": "The patients with class II division 1 malocclusion have a tendency to have a lower jaw protrusion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Following road traffic accident, a patient with vague abdominal pain was immediately taken to the operation theatre for emergency laparotomy. On examination, a large, contained, stable, non-pulsatile retroperitoneal hematoma was found on the right side. One-shot IVU shows a barely discernible nephrogram on the right side and prompt uptake and excretion on the left side. What should be the next step to be done?", + "gold_answer": "Isolate the proximal renal vessels, open the Gerota's fascia and explore the kidney", + "os_answer": "The patient should be taken to the operation theatre for emergency laparotomy. The patient should be kept under observation for 24 hours.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In mandibular angle fracture, which is most appropriate treatment?", + "gold_answer": "1 mini plate on oblique ridge", + "os_answer": "The most appropriate treatment is to fix the fracture with a plate and screw. The fracture is stable and the patient is not at risk of complications.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not true about Juvenile periodontitis", + "gold_answer": "The inflammatory process starts about simultaneously as the bone loss", + "os_answer": " Juvenile periodontitis is a disease of the gums. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In normal dentition, in centric occlusion, opposing contact may be expected at?", + "gold_answer": "Buccal slopes of lingual cusps of maxillary posterior teeth.", + "os_answer": "In centric occlusion, opposing contact may be expected at the mesial and distal surfaces of the crowns of the teeth. The mesial surface of the crowns of the teeth is the most distal surface of the teeth. The distal surface of the crowns of the teeth is the most proximal surface of the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The setting time of irreversible hydrocolloids can be decreased by:", + "gold_answer": "Raising the temperature of water used for mixing", + "os_answer": " The setting time of irreversible hydrocolloids can be decreased by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The systolic blood pressure in normal healthy males of age group of 40 \u2014 60 has a normal distribution with a mean of 130 in a sample of 100. People with systolic blood pressure more than 130 will be:", + "gold_answer": "50", + "os_answer": " A. B. C. D. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Periodontosis manifests itself mainly in:", + "gold_answer": "Molars and incisors", + "os_answer": "Periodontosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gingiva. It is characterized by the formation of a thickened and inflamed gingiva. The gingiva is covered with a white, thick, and hard plaque. The plaque is composed of bacteria and other microorganisms. The bacteria are attached to the gingiva and form a biofilm. The biofilm is a complex of bacteria, which is attached to the tooth surface. The bacteria are surrounded by a thin layer of connective tissue. The connective tissue is composed of collagen fibers. The bacteria are surrounded by a thin layer of fibroblasts.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Nerve fibres in pulp are", + "gold_answer": "Sympathetic efferent post ganglionic", + "os_answer": "The nerve fibres in the pulp are the same as in the spinal cord. The nerve fibres in the spinal cord are the same as in the brain. The nerve fibres in the brain are the same as in the spinal cord.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient was schedule for surgery. Before giving anaesthesia, he was administered glycopyrrolate. What is rationale of giving glycopyrrolate before anaesthesia?", + "gold_answer": "To decrease secretions", + "os_answer": "Glycopyrrolate is a drug that is used to prevent the release of acetylcholine from the nerve endings. It is also used to prevent the release of other neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The organism which is involved in anaerobic infections of head and neck region is", + "gold_answer": "Bacteroids", + "os_answer": " The organism which is involved in anaerobic infections of head and neck region is Staphylococcus aureus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Earliest diagnosis of pregnancy can be established safely by:", + "gold_answer": "USG for fetal cardiac activity", + "os_answer": " Earliest diagnosis of pregnancy can be established safely by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infarction of anterior inferior cerebellar artery may cause damage to", + "gold_answer": "Vestibular nuclei", + "os_answer": "The anterior inferior cerebellar artery is a branch of the vertebral artery. It is located in the posterior fossa and supplies the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Initial clicking of TMJ while opening is due to", + "gold_answer": "Retruded condyle in respect to articular disc", + "os_answer": " TMJ is a joint between the jaw and the skull. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment resins are given for which type of edentulous \nridges?", + "gold_answer": "Abused ridges", + "os_answer": " The treatment resins are given for which type of edentulous \nridges? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After the appearance of rash, prophylactic isolation of measles case is necessary for a minimum of:September 2007", + "gold_answer": "5 days", + "os_answer": "The rash is a sign of measles.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The intramuscular administration of 0.6 mg of atropine sulphate to a 50 kg adult may produce all of the following effects except:", + "gold_answer": "Bradycardia", + "os_answer": " The intramuscular administration of 0.6 mg of atropine sulphate to a 50 kg adult may produce all of the following effects except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a 19 years old patient, with a swelling over the left angle of the mandible, temperature of 38\u00b0C and negative history of trauma, one should suspect:", + "gold_answer": "Pericoronal infection", + "os_answer": "The patient has a fever.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "2nd optimal landmark for termination of cleaning, shaping and obturation is", + "gold_answer": "Apical constriction", + "os_answer": " 2nd optimal landmark for termination of cleaning, shaping and obturation is ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Golgi bodies function as:", + "gold_answer": "Sorting of glycoproteins", + "os_answer": "Golgi bodies are the organelles that are responsible for the synthesis of proteins. They are found in the cytoplasm of all cells. They are also found in the nucleus of all cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Prothrombin time (PT) estimation, on addition of calcium and thromboplastin to platelet poor plasma. which of the following pathway is activated?", + "gold_answer": "Extrinsic", + "os_answer": " Activation of the coagulation cascade.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lingual bar is used in conditions where:", + "gold_answer": "Lingual sulcus is deep", + "os_answer": " The tongue is the only part of the mouth that is not covered by the lips. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum area in homunculus signifies?", + "gold_answer": "Increased precisiveness of movements", + "os_answer": " The maximum area in homunculus signifies the maximum area of the homunculus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In case of nodal metastasis, which is not seen on CT scan", + "gold_answer": "Spiculated node", + "os_answer": " In case of nodal metastasis, which is not seen on CT scan, the patient should be treated with chemotherapy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is an example of anaplerotic reaction?", + "gold_answer": "Pyruvate to oxaloacetate", + "os_answer": "The anplerotic reaction is the process by which the cell membrane is modified to allow the passage of a molecule into the cell. The anplerotic reaction is a process that occurs in the cell membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most effective caustic that may be used locally in the treatment of hypersensitive dentin in the molars is:", + "gold_answer": "Silver nitrate", + "os_answer": " The most effective caustic that may be used locally in the treatment of hypersensitive dentin in the molars is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Orthodontically treated midline diastema is best retained by:", + "gold_answer": "Bonded lingual retainer", + "os_answer": "1. Orthodontic treatment. 2. Orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Poisoning by which of these elements causes blind staggers alkali disease in livestock?", + "gold_answer": "Selenium", + "os_answer": "The alkali disease is caused by the poisoning of the animal by the alkali element. The alkali element is a poison that is found in the soil and in the water.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the complication of massive blood transfusion?", + "gold_answer": "Metabolic alkalosis", + "os_answer": " Massive blood transfusion is a complication of massive blood loss.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following premolars has a mesial marginal ridge more cervical than the distal marginal ridge:", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular 1st premolar", + "os_answer": " The mesial marginal ridge is more cervical than the distal marginal ridge.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Correlation between the height and weight of children is best represented by:", + "gold_answer": "Scatter diagram", + "os_answer": " 2. The height and weight of a child are best represented by the following equation: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which among the following shows pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia?", + "gold_answer": "Granular cell myoblastorna", + "os_answer": " Pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia. Question: Which among the following shows pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Recently approved drug by FDA for treatment of Lennox-Gestaut syndrome:", + "gold_answer": "Rufinamide", + "os_answer": "The drug is called L-DOPA. It is a dopamine agonist. It is used to treat Parkinson's disease. It is also used to treat Parkinson's disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A newborn presents with congestive heart failure, on examination has bulging anterior fontanelle with a bruit on auscultation. Transfontanellar USG shows a hypoechoic midline mass with dilated lateral ventricles. Most likely diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Vein of Galen malformation", + "os_answer": " Congestive heart failure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pregnant, diabetic female on oral hypoglycemics is shifted to insulin. All of the following are true regarding this, except:", + "gold_answer": "Tolbutamide causes PIH", + "os_answer": " A. The baby will be born with a blood glucose level of less than 100 mg/dL. B. The baby will be born with a blood glucose level of less than 200 mg/dL. C. The baby will be born with a blood glucose level of less than 300 mg/dL. D. The baby will be born with a blood glucose level of less than 400 mg/dL.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lefort 1 osteotomy essentially involves osteotomy of how many bones?", + "gold_answer": "5", + "os_answer": " Lefort 1 osteotomy essentially involves osteotomy of how many bones?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the heart valve is most likely to be involved by Infective endocarditis following a septic abortion:", + "gold_answer": "Tricuspid valve.", + "os_answer": " The mitral valve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "DOC for bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy", + "gold_answer": "Metronidazole", + "os_answer": "Bacterial vaginosis is a common condition in women of childbearing age. It is caused by a bacterial infection of the vagina. It is usually diagnosed by a vaginal culture. The bacteria that cause BV are usually harmless, but they can cause serious problems for the mother and baby. The most common symptoms of BV are vaginal discharge, itching, and burning. The most common treatment for BV is antibiotics. The most common side effects of antibiotics are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The most common side effects of BV treatment are vaginal discharge, itching, and burning.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following antibiotics chelates with calcium ?", + "gold_answer": "Tetracycline", + "os_answer": " Ciprofloxacin. Question: Which one of the following is the most effective antibiotic for treating pneumonia? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After Dengue hemorrhagic shock, what is the criteria for the patient to be discharged from the hospital?", + "gold_answer": "After return of appetite", + "os_answer": "Dengue hemorrhagic shock is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. The patient should be admitted to the hospital immediately. The patient should be treated with the following: 1. The patient should be treated with fluids and electrolytes. 2. The patient should be treated with antibiotics. 3. The patient should be treated with anticoagulants. 4. The patient should be treated with vasopressors. 5. The patient should be treated with inotropic agents. 6. The patient should be treated with mechanical ventilation. 7. The patient should be treated with blood transfusion. 8.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Coxsackie virus causes", + "gold_answer": "herpangina", + "os_answer": "The virus is called Coxsackie virus. It is a virus that is found in the body of a person who has had a heart attack.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to the instrument formula given by G.V. Black, the primary cutting edge angle should be:", + "gold_answer": ">50 degree", + "os_answer": "The primary cutting edge angle is the angle between the cutting edge and the plane of the cutting edge.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about legionella pneumophilia except", + "gold_answer": "Person to person transmission", + "os_answer": " No.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Curve passing through the buccal and lingual cusp tips of the mandibular buccal teeth is:", + "gold_answer": "Wilson curve", + "os_answer": "The curve is called the \"mandibular angle\" and is a part of the mandibular canal. The curve is a straight line that passes through the buccal and lingual cusp tips of the mandibular buccal teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which stage of plasmodium vivax is infective to mosquito?", + "gold_answer": "Gametocyte", + "os_answer": " Plasmodium vivax is infective to mosquito only when it is in the liver stage.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Phase 1 clinical trial is done for:", + "gold_answer": "Drug safety", + "os_answer": " Yes, the study is done for Phase 1 clinical trial.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are features of infant born to diabetic mother except:", + "gold_answer": "Learning disability", + "os_answer": " The baby is born to diabetic mother. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is not a component of quick SOFA (qSOFA) scoring?", + "gold_answer": "Bilateral undilated pupils", + "os_answer": " None of the following. Question: Which of the following is not a component of quick SOFA (qSOFA) scoring? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is not used as an abrasive in the dentifrice", + "gold_answer": "Amylase", + "os_answer": " None of the above ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these indicators is used at anganwadi centers for growth monitoring in children?", + "gold_answer": "Weight for age", + "os_answer": " The following indicators are used at anganwadi centers for growth monitoring in children:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Palatine process begins to fuse at:", + "gold_answer": "8th week of fertilization", + "os_answer": " Palatine process begins to fuse at: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Medlar bodies are found in -", + "gold_answer": "Chromoblastomycosis", + "os_answer": " Medlar bodies are found in the bodies of people who have died from disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The muscles of the tongue are supplied by:", + "gold_answer": "Hypoglossal", + "os_answer": " The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the tongue are supplied by: The muscles of the", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Transudate is characterized by:", + "gold_answer": "Low protein content", + "os_answer": " Transudate is characterized by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which\tof\tthe\tfollowing\tcan\tresult\tin\tParadoxical\nexcitement in children.", + "gold_answer": "Phenobarbitone", + "os_answer": "\tThe\tfollowing\tcan\tresult\tin\tParadoxical\texcitement\tin\tchildren.\tQuestion:\tWhich\tof\tthe\tfollowing\tcan\tresult\tin\tParadoxical\texcitement\tin\tchildren. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is a gender-specific side-effect of valproate?", + "gold_answer": "Polycystic ovarian syndrome", + "os_answer": " Valproate is a drug that is used to treat epilepsy. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum pCO2 is seen in which of the following stage in arterial gas analysis?", + "gold_answer": "A", + "os_answer": "A. Stage 1. B. Stage 2. C. Stage 3. D. Stage 4. E. Stage 5. F. Stage 6. G. Stage 7. H. Stage 8. I. Stage 9. J. Stage 10. K. Stage 11. L. Stage 12. M. Stage 13. N. Stage 14. O. Stage 15. P. Stage 16. Q. Stage 17. R. Stage 18. S. Stage 19. T. Stage 20. U. Stage 21. V. Stage 22. W. Stage 23. X. Stage 24. Y. Stage 25. Z. Stage 26.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cholesterol crystals are found in which zone?", + "gold_answer": "Zone of irritation", + "os_answer": " The cholesterol crystals are found in the zone of the liver.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 25 years old lady with a history of fever for 1 month presents with headache and ataxia.Brain imaging shows dilated ventricles and significant basal exudates. Which of the following will be the most likely CSF finding?", + "gold_answer": "Lymphocytosis, Low Glucose, High protein", + "os_answer": " A. Atypical meningitis. B. Atypical meningitis with a CSF pleocytosis. C. Atypical meningitis with a CSF pleocytosis and a CSF protein level of more than 500 mg/dl. D. Atypical", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A sick intubated neonate is having bilateral jerk of both right and left upper limbs with some occasional twitching of neck as well. Likely type of seizures:-", + "gold_answer": "Multifocal clonic", + "os_answer": "The baby is having a seizure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sickle cell mutation is", + "gold_answer": "Point mutation", + "os_answer": "Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that affects the red blood cells. The disease is caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for the hemoglobin protein. The mutation causes the hemoglobin to be abnormally shaped and to have a reduced amount of oxygen. The disease is characterized by pain, anemia, and a tendency to become sickle cell anemia. The disease is most common in people of African descent.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Elaboration of an enzyme that destroy penicillin", + "os_answer": " Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, facultative anaerobic bacterium. It is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections, including pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, and bacteremia. Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections, including pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, and bacteremia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Proteins elevated in the plasma in myocardial infarction", + "gold_answer": "Troponin T", + "os_answer": "The plasma contains proteins that are elevated in the plasma in myocardial infarction. The proteins are called acute-phase proteins. The proteins are called acute-phase proteins because they are produced in the liver and are released into the blood stream.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dystrophic calcification is seen most commonly in which of the following oral tissues", + "gold_answer": "Pulp", + "os_answer": " The tongue, the buccal mucosa, the gingiva, the palate, the hard palate, the soft palate, the alveolar bone, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar bone, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar bone, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the alveolar ridge, the al", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acetone free methyl alcohol is present in Leishmann's stain for:", + "gold_answer": "It stops metabolic and enzymatic activity of the cell", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is present in Leishmann's stain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of choice for erythrodermic psoriasis:", + "gold_answer": "Methotrexate", + "os_answer": " Topical corticosteroids.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 8 year old child got trauma and got his central incisor avulsed 20 minutes back which got contaminated with debris. The child rushes to dental clinic with avulsed tooth, the treatment is:", + "gold_answer": "Clean root surface with saline and reimplant", + "os_answer": "The child was given a root canal and the tooth was extracted.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Following hepatitis B infection through blood transfusion, disease manifests in:", + "gold_answer": "3 months", + "os_answer": "1. Liver damage. 2. Liver failure. 3. Liver cancer. 4. Liver cirrhosis. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these statements is true about Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana?", + "gold_answer": "Cashless benefit on presenting smacard and fingerprints", + "os_answer": "The government has not yet decided on the number of seats to be allocated to each state.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The activity of the following enzyme is affected by biotin deficiency:", + "gold_answer": "Carboxylase", + "os_answer": " The activity of the enzyme is affected by biotin deficiency.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which type of cerebral palsy is commonly associated with scoliosis and other orthopedic problems \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Spastic quadriplegia", + "os_answer": " Type 2 cerebral palsy. Question: Which type of cerebral palsy is commonly associated with scoliosis and other orthopedic problems \u2013 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following does golgi tendon organ detect?", + "gold_answer": "Muscle Tension", + "os_answer": " Trauma. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of a patient's pain? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum strain of parturient heart occurs during:", + "gold_answer": "Immediate postpartum", + "os_answer": "1. The first day of the first month of pregnancy. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum not seen in peripheral blood smear because:", + "gold_answer": "Due to adherence to the capillary endothelium, they are not seen in peripheral blood", + "os_answer": " The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium falciparum are not seen in peripheral blood smear because: The schizonts and late trophozoite stages of plasmodium", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In depressed zygomatic arch fracture, difficulty in opening the mouth is caused by impingement of:", + "gold_answer": "Coronoid process", + "os_answer": "1. The zygomatic arch. 2. The zygomaticomaxillary suture. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pregnant female delivered a baby with normal expulsion of an intact placenta. After half hour she staed bleeding per vaginaly. On examination she was hypotensive and boggy mass is palpated per abdomen. USG showed retained placental tissues. what is the likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Placenta succenturiata", + "os_answer": " Placenta previa.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Crescendo angina is", + "gold_answer": "Unstable angina", + "os_answer": "Crescendo angina is a condition in which the heart is so hard that it is difficult to breathe. It is a common condition that is often seen in people who have had a heart attack. It is a condition that is often seen in people who have had a heart attack.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "High copper dental amalgams are superior to other amalgams because high copper dental amalgams:", + "gold_answer": "Have less marginal breakdown", + "os_answer": " High copper dental amalgams are superior to other amalgams because high copper dental amalgams: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient is giving; history of avulsed tooth 20 minutes back, comes to dentist what should be done?", + "gold_answer": "Rinse with saline and reimplant", + "os_answer": "The patient should be given a local anesthetic. The dentist should then place a temporary filling in the tooth. The patient should be given a local anesthetic and the temporary filling should be removed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "14 year old child with blindness, sensorineural hearing loss, progressive hematuria, hypeension with similar family history in father", + "gold_answer": "Alpo syndrome", + "os_answer": "The child has been treated with steroids for several years. The child has been on steroids for the past 3 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Coarse tremors of tongue is seen in all except:", + "gold_answer": "Thyrotoxicosis", + "os_answer": "The tongue is a muscular organ.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is not true about randomization in a clinical trial?", + "gold_answer": "Increases external validity of the trial", + "os_answer": " Randomization is not true about a clinical trial if the randomization is done by a person who knows the study and the study is done by a person who knows the study. Question: Which of these is not true about randomization in a clinical trial? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient shows one or more of the following: advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents:", + "gold_answer": "Questionable prognosis", + "os_answer": " The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/environmental factors represents: The patient has advanced bone loss, grade II and III furcation involvements, tooth mobility, inaccessible areas, systemic/", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Carotid sinus/baroreceptor is located at the origin of", + "gold_answer": "Internal carotid artery", + "os_answer": "The carotid sinus is located at the origin of the carotid artery. The carotid sinus is a small opening in the wall of the carotid artery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In resorption of roots of the primary teeth, the\ndental pulp", + "gold_answer": "Plays a passive role", + "os_answer": "The dental pulp is the part of the tooth that is not covered by the enamel. The dental pulp is\nthe part of the tooth that is not covered by the enamel. The dental pulp is the part of the tooth that is not covered by the\nenamel.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The probable reasons for a high incidence of dental caries in the teenage population relates most directly to:", + "gold_answer": "Frequency of sucrose intake", + "os_answer": "The high incidence of dental caries in the teenage population is due to the fact that the teeth are not fully developed. The teeth are still growing and developing.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a 30 years old female patient with polyahritis, testing reveals nucleolar pattern of ANA staining. What is the likely course of this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Sclerodactyly, esophageal dysmotility and Raynaud's phenomenon", + "os_answer": "The patient is a 30 years old female with polyarthritis. She has been treated with NSAIDs for the past 3 years. She has been tested for ANA and found to have a positive ANA.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following drug can decrease the size of prostate?", + "gold_answer": "Finasteride", + "os_answer": " Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Problem associated with wide divergent roots of primary teeth", + "gold_answer": "Both", + "os_answer": "The problem is that the roots of the primary teeth are not the same. The roots of the primary teeth are not the same.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Klenow fragment lacks the activity of?", + "gold_answer": "5'-3' exonuclease", + "os_answer": " The Klenow fragment lacks the activity of.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Diagnodent uses what for detecting caries", + "gold_answer": "LASER", + "os_answer": "The dentin layer is the hardest part of the tooth. It is made up of the enamel and dentin. The enamel is the outer layer of the tooth. The dentin is the inner layer of the tooth. The enamel and dentin are made up of the same material. The enamel is made up of calcium phosphate. The dentin is made up of collagen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Under National Health Mission which committee makes plan for village health?", + "gold_answer": "Village health sanitation and nutrition committee (VHSNC)", + "os_answer": " The Health Committee of the Village Health Department.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anodontia affects the growth of:", + "gold_answer": "Alveolar bone", + "os_answer": " The growth of the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most mucostatic impression material is", + "gold_answer": "Thin mix of plaster of paris", + "os_answer": "The most mucostatic impression material is the mucous membrane. The mucous membrane is the most mucostatic impression material.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Facial nerve injury during forceps delivery in labour is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Mastoid process is absent at birth", + "os_answer": "1. The forceps are not used for delivery. 2. The forceps are used for delivery. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most characteristic feature of mandibulofacial dysostosis is", + "gold_answer": "Normal vision with coloboma", + "os_answer": "The mandibulofacial dysostosis is a rare congenital disorder. It is characterized by the presence of a malformation of the mandible and the maxilla.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the function of filtration process while taking radiographs?", + "gold_answer": "Remove the portion of long wavelength photons", + "os_answer": "The filtration process is the process of removing the impurities from the blood.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 8 year old boy complaints of increasing muscle weakness. On examination, his calves are bulky and show muscle tightening. His serum creatine kinase levels are increasing with age. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Dystrophin deficiency", + "os_answer": "The most likely diagnosis is myopathy. Myopathy is a muscle disease that is caused by a deficiency of a protein in the muscle. The most common cause of myopathy is a genetic disorder. The most common genetic disorder is a muscle-specific kinase deficiency. The most common cause of myopathy is a muscle-specific kinase deficiency.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these findings is not specific of blast injury?", + "gold_answer": "Fracture", + "os_answer": " The finding of a high incidence of blast-induced lung injury in the blast-exposed group is not specific of blast-induced lung injury.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Passavant\u2019s ridge is located on which of the following:", + "gold_answer": "Posterior wall of nasopharynx", + "os_answer": " The ridge is located on which of the following: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "1-3 beta - d - glucan assay is done for which infection?", + "gold_answer": "Invasive candidiasis", + "os_answer": " 1-3 beta - d - glucan assay is done for which infection?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Midazolam cannot be given by which of the following routes:", + "gold_answer": "Inhalation", + "os_answer": "1. IV. 2. IM. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are signs of hydrocephalus in a neonate except \u2013a) Enlarged headb) Sunset signc) Crack post signd) Depressed fontanelle", + "gold_answer": "cd", + "os_answer": "A newborn baby is not a sign of hydrocephalus. The baby is not a sign of hydrocephalus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Antiemetic action is due to which propey of metoclopramide?", + "gold_answer": "D, antagonist", + "os_answer": "Metoclopramide is a prodrug of metoclopramide.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Blood on OT floor is cleaned by?", + "gold_answer": "Chlorine based compounds", + "os_answer": " Blood on OT floor is cleaned by?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is the role of barrier membrane in GTR?", + "gold_answer": "Prevention of epithelial migration", + "os_answer": "Barrier membrane is the part of the skin that separates the external environment from the internal environment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Functional appliances in skeletal class II are indicated when:", + "gold_answer": "Maxilla is normal, mandible is retrognathic", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cartilage of larynx are developed from:", + "gold_answer": "4&6 arch cartilage.", + "os_answer": "The cartilage of the larynx is developed from the cartilage of the neck.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pernicious anaemia occurs in:", + "gold_answer": "Vit B12 deficiency", + "os_answer": "1. A. Children. 2. Women. 3. People with HIV. 4. People with cancer. 5. People with diabetes. 6. People with kidney disease. 7. People with liver disease. 8. People with heart disease. 9. People with stroke. 10. People with multiple sclerosis. 11. People with Parkinson\u2019s disease. 12. People with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. 13.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about enamel rods except", + "gold_answer": "Length of enamel rods is same as the thickness of enamel", + "os_answer": " A toothbrush is a tool used to clean teeth. Question: What is the difference between a tooth and a toothbrush? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with history of coronary aery disease presents with pulse rate of 48/min and low BP. Patient has decreased myocardial contractility on Echo. Which of these anesthetic agents is contraindicated?", + "gold_answer": "Dexmedetomidine", + "os_answer": " Propofol.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following nerves supplies the ear lobule?", + "gold_answer": "Greater auricular nerve", + "os_answer": " The auricular nerve. Question: Which of the following nerves supplies the ear canal? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient had a femur fracture for which internal fixation was done. Two days later, the patient developed sudden onset shoness of breath with low-grade fever. What is the likely cause?", + "gold_answer": "Fat embolism", + "os_answer": "The patient had a history of smoking. The patient had a history of smoking and had a history of alcohol abuse. The patient had a history of alcohol abuse.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Localization of the receptor of a hormone Xis found to be in the nucleus. What is likely to be X?", + "gold_answer": "Thyroxine", + "os_answer": " The receptor is likely to be in the nucleus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Endo-cochlear potential is:", + "gold_answer": "+85 mV", + "os_answer": "The endocochlear potential is the potential of the cochlea to respond to sound.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Statistical `Q' test is used for:", + "gold_answer": "To determine outliars", + "os_answer": " B. The `Q' test is used for: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Typical lipoprotein contains", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "Lipoprotein is a type of lipoprotein. It is a type of lipoprotein.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of choice in a patient with a staghorn calculus with mild hydronephrosis?", + "gold_answer": "PCNL", + "os_answer": "The patient is a young man with a history of hypertension and a history of a previous kidney stone. He has a history of a previous kidney stone and a history of a previous kidney stone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pericytes are found:", + "gold_answer": "Around capillaries of pulp", + "os_answer": "Yes, pericytes are found in the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidney. They are also found in the retina, liver, and skeletal muscle. They are also found in the brain and spinal cord. They are also found in the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidney.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 35-year-old male is put on thiazides for the treatment of primary hypeension. What would be the status of his urinary sodium, potassium and calcium in the first 24-hours of drug administration?", + "gold_answer": "Sodium and potassium increases, calcium increases", + "os_answer": "The patient is put on thiazides for the treatment of primary hypeension.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Rapid axonal flow in the neurons is mediated by all except:", + "gold_answer": "Neurofilaments", + "os_answer": "A. The axon is the main route of information transfer in the nervous system. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 49 years old male with 35 pack years presented with painless mass in left scrotal sac and microscopic hematuria. On laboratory investigation, Alphafetoprotein and lactate dehydrogenase was negative. What is the most probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Renal cell carcinoma", + "os_answer": " The most probable diagnosis is a malignant tumor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Severe alveolar bone loss, as observed in juvenile periodontitis is associated with:", + "gold_answer": "Neutrophil chemotactic defects or Impaired neutrophil chemotaxis", + "os_answer": "The bone loss is due to the destruction of the alveolar bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hyalinization in orthodontic movement means:", + "gold_answer": "A cell free zone histologically similar to hyaline appearance", + "os_answer": "Hyalinization is a condition in which the bone tissue is replaced by a fibrous tissue. The fibrous tissue is called hyaline.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Serology profile done for a patient is mentioned below. What is the likely cause of the abnormal findings:HbsAg-Non-reactiveHBV DNA-UndetectableHbeAg-Non-reactiveIgG Anti-HbC-Reactive", + "gold_answer": "Chronic hepatitis recovery state", + "os_answer": "The patient is a male, aged 30 years, who is a known case of chronic hepatitis B. The patient has been on treatment for the past 3 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Latest technique by which bone graft is obtained without\ndamaging vital structure, vessels/veins is based on?", + "gold_answer": "Piezoelectric vibration", + "os_answer": "The technique is based on the principle of\nthe use of bone grafts to repair the damaged bone. The bone grafts are obtained by drilling the bone\nwith a drill. The bone grafts are then sutured to the damaged bone. The bone grafts are then\nreplaced by the bone grafts.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Episodes of repeated thin stools with mucus, subjective feeling of fever and lower abdominal pain, with leukocytes in stool. Which of the following is likely?", + "gold_answer": "Entamoeba", + "os_answer": "1. The patient has a history of recurrent episodes of diarrhea. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Permanent bending of an orthodontic wire during its clinical application will leads to work hardening of the alloy, this might cause:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The alloy will be harden and the wire will be bent.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Growth of nasal bone is completed by:", + "gold_answer": "10 years", + "os_answer": "The nasal bone is the bone that is located at the back of the nose. It is the bone that is located at the back of the nose.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The typical cervical differs from thoracic vertebra in that it", + "gold_answer": "Has a foramen transversarium", + "os_answer": "The cervical vertebrae are the most common vertebrae in the human body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In cephalometric radiography, the distance between the subject and the source of X-ray is", + "gold_answer": "5 feet", + "os_answer": " The distance between the subject and the source of X-ray is the distance between the subject and the source of X-ray.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most atypical (unique) tooth", + "gold_answer": "Primary lower 1st molar", + "os_answer": " Most atypical (unique) tooth is a tooth that is not typical of the rest of the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Object permanence seen in which stage of Jean Piaget\u2019s theory", + "gold_answer": "Sensorimotor", + "os_answer": " The permanent object is the object that is not subject to change. Question: What is the permanent object? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "While extracting a mandibular third molar, it is noted that the distal root is missing. The root tip is most likely in the:", + "gold_answer": "Submandibular space", + "os_answer": " The root tip is most likely in the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Enzyme regulating the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde:", + "gold_answer": "Alcohol dehydrogenase", + "os_answer": "The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) converts ethanol to acetaldehyde. The enzyme ADH is found in the liver, kidneys, and brain.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Caries status in child is most likely suggested by", + "gold_answer": "DMFT and past caries experience", + "os_answer": " Caries status in child is most likely suggested by the presence of dental caries.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Folic acid deficiency is precipitated by:", + "gold_answer": "Phenytoin", + "os_answer": " Folic acid deficiency is precipitated by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Group 2 sensory fibres are attached to:", + "gold_answer": "Flower spray ending", + "os_answer": "1. The sensory fibres of the skin. 2. The sensory fibres of the mucous membranes. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lamina cribrosa is a modification of :", + "gold_answer": "Sclera", + "os_answer": " Lamina cribrosa is a modification of : ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most difficult maxillary tooth to anaesthetize by infiltration is :", + "gold_answer": "1st molar", + "os_answer": "The most difficult maxillary tooth to anaesthetize by infiltration is the third molar. The third molar is the most difficult tooth to anaesthetize because it is the most sensitive tooth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "(gd) T cell is associated with?", + "gold_answer": "First line defense against bacterial peptides", + "os_answer": " (gd) T cell is associated with?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Main crystalline component of calculus is", + "gold_answer": "Hydroxyapatite", + "os_answer": " The main crystalline component of calculus is the calculus of the real numbers.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Card test is done for which of the following muscle?", + "gold_answer": "Palmar interossei", + "os_answer": " A. B. C. D. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The chances of having an unaffected baby, when both parents have achondroplasia, are \u2013", + "gold_answer": "25%", + "os_answer": " 1 in 1,000.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The common site for necrotizing sialometaplasia", + "gold_answer": "palate", + "os_answer": "The common site for necrotizing sialometaplasia is the liver. The liver is the most common site for necrotizing sialometaplasia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of following will happen with a flexible major connector:", + "gold_answer": "Will cause PDL destruction of abutment teeth", + "os_answer": "A. The flexible major connector will not be able to be used. B. The flexible major connector will be able to be used. C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common site of zygomatic arch fracture is:", + "gold_answer": "Posterior to Zygomaticotemporal suture", + "os_answer": "The zygomatic arch is a small bone that is located at the back of the head. It is a bony structure that is located at the back of the head.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following principles governs biomedical research in human subjects?", + "gold_answer": "Helsinki declaration", + "os_answer": " The principle of informed consent. Question: Which of the following principles governs biomedical research in non-human primates? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Median rhomboid glossitis is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Persistence of tuberculum impar", + "os_answer": " 2. Rhinitis. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2 weeks old infant has conjunctivitis, which later developed into respiratory distress and pneumonia. Chest X-ray showed bilateral lung infiltrates. WBC count was 14,300/dL. Which of the following is the most likely organism?", + "gold_answer": "Chlamydia trachomatis", + "os_answer": " *Staphylococcus aureus* (S. aureus)", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Independent assoment of maternal and paternal chromosome occurs at which stage of spermatocyte maturation:", + "gold_answer": "Primary spermatocyte to secondary spermatocyte", + "os_answer": " At the stage of spermatocyte maturation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During post preparation in distal canal of mandibular first molar, maximum chance of perforation is seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Mesial surface", + "os_answer": " The answer is \"Yes\".", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "How much population falls between median and median plus one standard deviation in a normal distribution ?", + "gold_answer": "0.34", + "os_answer": " The population is between the median and the median plus one standard deviation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which crown would be suitable for a patient with high\ncaries index, minimum horizontal overlap of maxillary central incisors?", + "gold_answer": "Metal ceramic crown", + "os_answer": " The crown with the highest\ncaries index is the one with the highest crown inclination. The crown with the lowest crown inclination\nis the one with the lowest crown inclination.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection:", + "gold_answer": "Unable to express MHC class I proteins", + "os_answer": " NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK cells are effective against viral infected cells only if the cell with infection: NK", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Main concern during prosthodontics surgery and better prosthetic prognosis?", + "gold_answer": "Minimal invasion", + "os_answer": " The main concern during prosthodontics surgery is the possibility of infection. The best prognosis is achieved when the patient is treated in a specialized center. The best prosthetic prognosis is achieved when the patient is treated in a specialized center.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Clinical diagnosis of candidiasis is confirmed by", + "gold_answer": "Demonstration of mycelia and spores in scrapping", + "os_answer": " Candida albicans.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best radiographic view of temporomandibular joint\nis given by:", + "gold_answer": "Transpharyngeal", + "os_answer": " The best radiographic view of temporomandibular joint\nis given by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Submandibular calculus can be removed by:", + "gold_answer": "Incision of the duct and removal of calculus", + "os_answer": "1. Surgery. 2. Surgery and radiation. 3. Surgery and radiation and chemotherapy. 4. Surgery and radiation and chemotherapy and chemotherapy. 5. Surgery and radiation and chemotherapy and chemotherapy and radiation. 6. Surgery and radiation and chemotherapy and chemotherapy and radiation and radiation. 7.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best way to fill a bony defect will be with which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Autograft", + "os_answer": " The best way to fill a bony defect will be with which of the following?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 36 year old female is found to have a large pituitary mass on MRI imaging. She underwent transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Postop replacement of which of the following hormone is not needed?", + "gold_answer": "Mineralocoicoids", + "os_answer": " A. Prolactin. B. Growth hormone. C. Thyroid. D. Adrenal. E. Gonadotropin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Recently two methods of cPAP; conventional and bubble cPAP were compared. In the conventional method, 90 out of 160 showed extubation failure while 40 out of 160 showed extubation failure in bubble method, which test would be the best to compare the statistical significance between the rates of extubation failure in the two tests?", + "gold_answer": "Chi square test", + "os_answer": " The bubble method is more reliable than the conventional method.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Angle between rake face and radial line is called:", + "gold_answer": "Rake angle.", + "os_answer": " The angle between the rake face and the radial line is called:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "True congenital anodontia is:", + "gold_answer": "Autosomal dominant", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most advantageous indication of acid etching is", + "gold_answer": "Decrease micro leakage", + "os_answer": " The most advantageous indication of acid etching is the prevention of the formation of a foreign body in the stomach.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Preferred drug for the treatment of uncomplicated grade 2 hypeension in a 48 year old man is", + "gold_answer": "Chlohalidone", + "os_answer": "The patient is a 48 year old man with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. He has been on treatment with metoprolol and atenolol for the past 3 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the best incision preferred for diaphragmatic surgery?(AIIMS May 2015, May 2014)", + "gold_answer": "Circumferential", + "os_answer": "The best incision for diaphragmatic surgery is the one that is most suitable for the patient. The incision should be chosen based on the patient's condition and the surgeon's experience.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2-day-old neonate in the neonatal ICU develops seizures. Which of the following would be the next best investigation for the child?", + "gold_answer": "Transcranial ultrasound", + "os_answer": " A CT scan of the brain. Question: A 2-day-old neonate in the neonatal ICU develops seizures. Which of the following would be the next best investigation for the child? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient complains of loss of visual acuity, deafness and enlargement of maxilla:", + "gold_answer": "Paget's disease", + "os_answer": "The patient is suffering from a condition called \u201cmacular degeneration\u201d. The condition is caused by the accumulation of a protein called \u201cfibrin\u201d in the eye. The protein is made up of a protein called \u201cfibrinogen\u201d and a protein called \u201cthrombin\u201d. The protein fibrinogen is made up of two chains of identical amino acids. The protein thrombin is made up of two chains of identical amino acids.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In fracture of atrophic mandible with bone loss, what is the best treatment modality?", + "gold_answer": "Bone grafting and load bearing", + "os_answer": "The treatment modality is the same as that of the fracture of the mandible.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To localize a supernumerary or an impacted tooth and\ndetermine its exact relationship to the other teeth, which of the following radiographs would be most effective?", + "gold_answer": "Two or more periapical views at different angles and an occlusal view", + "os_answer": " The following radiographs would be most effective:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cells most commonly affected in glaucomatous optic atrophy?", + "gold_answer": "Ganglion cells", + "os_answer": "The optic nerve head is the most common site of glaucomatous damage. The optic nerve head is composed of nerve fibers that are connected to the retinal ganglion cells. The nerve fibers are surrounded by a thin layer of nerve fiber sheath called the nerve fiber layer. The nerve fiber layer is composed of nerve fibers that are connected to the retinal ganglion cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following muscles have parallel oriented fibers except:", + "gold_answer": "Tibialis anterior", + "os_answer": "The muscles of the upper arm are parallel oriented. The muscles of the forearm are parallel oriented. The muscles of the hand are parallel oriented. The muscles of the wrist are parallel oriented. The muscles of the elbow are parallel oriented. The muscles of the shoulder are parallel oriented. The muscles of the neck are parallel oriented. The muscles of the chest are parallel oriented. The muscles of the abdomen are parallel oriented. The muscles of the back are parallel oriented. The muscles of the legs are parallel oriented. The muscles of the feet are parallel oriented. The muscles of the ankle are parallel oriented. The muscles of the knee are parallel oriented. The muscles of the hip are parallel oriented.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Amount of energy actually producing cutting is:", + "gold_answer": "Cutting efficiency.", + "os_answer": " The amount of energy actually producing cutting is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Supragingival plaque undergoes which of the following changes with time?", + "gold_answer": "Plaque microflora becomes gram negative", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of periodontal disease is the accumulation of plaque. Question: What is the most common cause of gingivitis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Transmission of herpes is maximum in-", + "gold_answer": "During parturition", + "os_answer": " Transmission of herpes is maximum in- ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An investigator wants to study the association between maternal intake of iron supplements (Yes or No) and birth weights (in gm) of new born babies. He collects relevant data from 100 pregnant women and their newborns. What statistical test of hypothesis would you advise for the investigator in this situation?", + "gold_answer": "Unpaired or independent t - test", + "os_answer": "The test of hypothesis is the chi-square test. The chi-square test is a test of the null hypothesis that the proportion of babies with birth weights of more than the mean is equal to the proportion of babies with birth weights of less than the mean.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the most numerous component of plaque?", + "gold_answer": "Microorganisms", + "os_answer": " The most numerous component of plaque is calcium. Question: Which is the most numerous component of plaque? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Middle aged woman presents with fissures in mouth, tingling sensation and peripheral neuropathy. Investigations showed reduced glutathione reductase activity. which vitamin deficiency is the likely cause of this?", + "gold_answer": "Vitamin 82", + "os_answer": " Vitamin B12 deficiency is the most common cause of this condition.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Creation of an apical stop to prevent extrusion of matrix beyond apex is called:", + "gold_answer": "Resistance form", + "os_answer": "The apical stop is a small piece of bone that is placed at the apex of the tooth. It is called a \"stop\" because it prevents the extrusion of the matrix beyond the apex. The apical stop is placed in the area where the tooth is most likely to extrude the matrix.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Jawan posted in Siachen was brought to the emergency depament with hypothermia. Which is the ideal site to measure his temperature?", + "gold_answer": "Rectal", + "os_answer": "The site of the injury is the most important factor in determining the site of the injury.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 3.5 kg male infant born at term after an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery develops respiratory distress sholy after bih and requires mechanical ventilation. The chest radiograph reveals a normal cardiothymic silhouette but a diffuse ground glass appearance to the lung fields. Surfactant replacement fails to improve gas exchange. Over the first week life, the hypoxemia worsens. Results of routing culture and echocardiographic findings are negative. A term female sibling died at 1 month of age with respiratory distress. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Neonatal pulmonary alveolar proteinosis", + "os_answer": "A. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. B.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 26-year-old primigravida with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy comes to you at 4 months with concern regarding continuing sodium-valproate treatment. Your advice is:", + "gold_answer": "Continue sodium valproate with regular monitoring of serum levels", + "os_answer": "The patient should continue the sodium-valproate treatment. The patient should be monitored for the development of seizures.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On laboratory investigations in a patient. pH = 7.3, pCO2 = 35 mm Hg. What is the likely acid base imbalance?", + "gold_answer": "Metabolic acidosis", + "os_answer": "The patient has a pH of 7.3 and a pCO2 of 35 mm Hg. The patient has a normal base excess of -1.0. The patient has a normal anion gap of 0.0. The patient has a normal bicarbonate of 15.0.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Shape of trapezium muscle is", + "gold_answer": "Triangular", + "os_answer": " The shape of the trapezium muscle is triangular.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In medically intractable seizures, which of the following modalities of treatment has shown the best seizure-free period?", + "gold_answer": "Epileptic surgery", + "os_answer": " The use of anticonvulsant drugs. Question: Which of the following is the most effective treatment for a patient with a history of epilepsy? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An affected male does not have affected children but an affected female always has affected children. Type of inheritance?", + "gold_answer": "Mitochondrial", + "os_answer": "The inheritance of the disease is autosomal dominant. The disease is inherited from the mother. The disease is inherited from the father. The disease is inherited from both parents. The disease is inherited from neither parent.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common complication of ECT is -", + "gold_answer": "Retrograde amnesia", + "os_answer": " The most common complication of ECT is -", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If a patient with Raynaud's disease puts his hand in cold water, the hand appears:", + "gold_answer": "White", + "os_answer": "The hand is cold because the blood vessels in the hand are constricted. The hand is not red because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated. The hand is not blue because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated. The hand is not white because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated. The hand is not yellow because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated. The hand is not green because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated. The hand is not purple because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated. The hand is not brown because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated. The hand is not black because the blood vessels in the hand are dilated.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2-year-old child with fever and barking cough for last 2 days presented to the pediatric emergency at 2.30 am. On examination, respiratory rate is 36/ min, temperature of 39 degC and stridor heard only on crying. No other abnormality is found. What is the next best step in management?", + "gold_answer": "High-dose dexamethasone", + "os_answer": " The child was treated with intravenous fluids and antibiotics. The child was discharged after 2 days.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chylomicron are formed in", + "gold_answer": "GIT", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Potential generated due to movement of freely diffusible ions across a semi-permeable membrane is calculated using:", + "gold_answer": "Nemst equation", + "os_answer": " The potential is calculated using the following equation:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infection from maxillary first molar drains into", + "gold_answer": "Buccal space", + "os_answer": "The maxillary first molar is a common source of infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Pulmonary hypoplasia", + "os_answer": " The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The cause of death in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is \u2013 The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In iron poisoning drug Desferoxamine is given.what is its mechanism of action -", + "gold_answer": "By binding with trivalent Fe3+", + "os_answer": "Desferoxamine is a drug that is used to treat iron poisoning. It is a chelating agent that binds to iron in the body. It is used to treat iron poisoning.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "First local anaesthesia to be used clinically was", + "gold_answer": "Cocaine", + "os_answer": "Local anaesthesia was first used in the treatment of cancer in the early 1900s. It was used to treat the pain caused by the cancer and to prevent the spread of the cancer. It was also used to treat the pain caused by the cancer and to prevent the spread of the cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The drug which is used to treat laryngospasm is", + "gold_answer": "Succinylcholine", + "os_answer": "The drug which is used to treat laryngospasm is called a muscle relaxant. It is used to treat a condition in which the muscles of the larynx are spasmodic.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best stimulator of respiratory centre is:", + "gold_answer": "Increase in arterial carbon dioxide level", + "os_answer": " The best stimulator of respiratory centre is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 7-year-old child having yellowish discoloured spot of maxillary central incisor. His mother presents a history of injury to deciduous tooth 3 years back with recurrent infections & swelling. The diagnosis is", + "gold_answer": "Turners hypoplasia", + "os_answer": "The child has a dental abscess.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The incision used for treatment of traumatic telecanthus is", + "gold_answer": "Bicoronal incision", + "os_answer": "The incision used for treatment of traumatic telecanthus is a small incision. The incision is made in the skin and the skin is sutured.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the angle subtended by the largest letter in the Snellen cha on a person's eye who is reading it from a distance of 6 meters?", + "gold_answer": "50 minutes", + "os_answer": " The angle subtended by the largest letter in the Snellen cha on a person's eye who is reading it from a distance of 6 meters is about 45 degrees.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient giving history of thrombocytopenic purpura reports for extraction. What could be the most common postoperative complication?", + "gold_answer": "Haemorrhage", + "os_answer": " Postoperative bleeding.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An average diameter of apical foramen in patients of age above 55 years is", + "gold_answer": "681 micrometer", + "os_answer": " The diameter of the apical foramen is about 1.5 mm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mesial contact area of the permanent canine is at the:", + "gold_answer": "Junction of the incisal and middle thirds", + "os_answer": " The mesial contact area of the permanent canine is at the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The pathway of pain from teeth and temperature is carried by:", + "gold_answer": "Lateral spinothalamic tract", + "os_answer": " The pathway of pain from teeth and temperature is carried by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is a qualitative test for bacteria:", + "gold_answer": "Salivary reductase test", + "os_answer": " A. Culture B. Antibiotic C. Antibiotic + Antimicrobial D. Antibiotic + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial E. Antibiotic + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial + Antimicrobial +", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The radiographic feature of sinusitis includes", + "gold_answer": "Clouding and fluid level", + "os_answer": "The sinusitis is a chronic inflammation of the sinus mucosa.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following cells are of endodermal origin except:", + "gold_answer": "Odontoblasts", + "os_answer": "Endodermal cells are derived from the ectoderm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Within which parts of a gastric gland are chief cells located", + "gold_answer": "Fundus", + "os_answer": "The chief cells are located in the mucous membrane of the gastric gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "8 year old child had fractured his maxillary central incisor 10 months ago. The pulp shows no response. There is no periapical lesion in the radiograph. The treatment of choice is", + "gold_answer": "Complete debridement and apexification", + "os_answer": "The child was treated with a root canal. The root canal was obturated with gutta-percha and AH26. The root canal was filled with gutta-percha and AH26.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sublingual space is divided from submandibular space by:", + "gold_answer": "Fibres of mylohyoid", + "os_answer": "The sublingual space is the space between the tongue and the floor of the mouth. The submandibular space is the space between the mandible and the floor of the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most characteristic feature of basal cell carcinoma is:", + "gold_answer": "Nuclear palisading", + "os_answer": " Basal cell carcinoma is a skin cancer that is caused by the growth of abnormal cells in the basal layer of the skin. The most characteristic feature of basal cell carcinoma is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After removal of periodontal dressing what should be done to keep sensitivity to the minimum?", + "gold_answer": "Keep roots, plaque free", + "os_answer": " The periodontal dressing should be removed after the periodontal pocket has been completely healed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following increase at full term in pregnancy except:", + "gold_answer": "Cardiac output", + "os_answer": " 2. The use of aspirin during pregnancy. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 45 year old woman has a nodule in the neck which moves during swallowing. The nodule most probably is attached to:", + "gold_answer": "Thyroid", + "os_answer": "The nodule is attached to the esophagus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An example of acute inflammatory gingival enlargement is most likely to be seen in patient exhibiting:", + "gold_answer": "Pregnancy gingivitis", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Intake of unsaturated fatty acid is associated with:", + "gold_answer": "Decreased risk of cardiovascular disease", + "os_answer": " 1. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 2. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 3. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 4. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 5. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 6. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 7. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 8. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 9. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 10. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 11. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 12. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 13. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 14. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 15. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 16. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 17. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 18. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 19. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 20. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 21. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 22. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 23. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 24. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 25. Fatty acid intake is associated with: 26. Fatty acid intake", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 14 year old boy has delayed eruption of the\nsecond molar. Radiography shows a dentigerous cyst surrounding the crown of the tooth. The treatment of choice is:", + "gold_answer": "Expose the crown and keep it exposed", + "os_answer": "The cyst is a\ndentigerous cyst. Dentigerous cysts are cysts that develop from the dentigerous tissue. Dentigerous cysts are usually found in the jaws. Dentigerous cysts are\nusually found in the jaws.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "6 yr old child H/O fever 5 days back which is now afebrile with normal muscle mass, tone and reflex, no neurological deficit but pain on palpating muscles and CPK levels 2000, diagnosis is", + "gold_answer": "Acute viral myositis", + "os_answer": "Fever is a common symptom of many diseases. Fever is a symptom of many diseases.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "MHC antigens are absent on?", + "gold_answer": "Erythrocyte", + "os_answer": "MHC antigens are absent on the surface of the cells of the immune system. The cells of the immune system are the white blood cells, which are the cells that are responsible for the immune response. The white blood cells are the cells that are responsible for the immune response.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cohesion of direct gold filling at room temperature\nis an example of:", + "gold_answer": "Atomic attraction", + "os_answer": " The cohesion of direct gold filling at room temperature is an example of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "92. A clinical trail was conducted with 15225 hypeensive patients alloted in the intervention group (New drug) and control group (Old drug) respectively. Results of the research study are given in the following table. Calculate the absolute risk reduction (ARR) and relative risk (RR): Control group (old drug)Intervention group (new drug)Developed HT complications18001620Did not develop HT complications1342513605Total subjects1522515225", + "gold_answer": "ARR = 1% and RR = 0.9", + "os_answer": "92. The absolute risk reduction (ARR) and relative risk (RR) of hypertension in the intervention group (new drug) were calculated as follows: ARR = (new drug group/control group) \u00d7 100%; RR = (new drug group/control group) \u00d7 100%. The ARR and RR of hypertension in the intervention group (new drug) were calculated as follows: ARR = (new drug group/control group) \u00d7 100%; RR = (new drug group/control group) \u00d7 100%.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lacrimation is affected due to damage to which of the following nerves?", + "gold_answer": "Greater petrosal nerve", + "os_answer": " 1. Anterior Nerve 2. Posterior Nerve 3. Anterior Nerve 4. Posterior Nerve 5. Anterior Nerve 6. Posterior Nerve 7. Anterior Nerve 8. Posterior Nerve 9. Anterior Nerve 10. Posterior Nerve 11. Anterior Nerve 12. Posterior Nerve 13. Anterior Nerve 14. Posterior Nerve 15. Anterior Nerve 16. Posterior Nerve 17. Anterior Nerve 18. Posterior Nerve 19. Anterior Nerve 20. Posterior Nerve 21. Anterior Nerve 22. Posterior Nerve 23. Anterior Nerve 24. Posterior Nerve 25. Anterior Nerve 26. Posterior Nerve 27. Anterior Nerve 28. Posterior Nerve 29. Anterior Nerve 30. Posterior Nerve 31. Anterior Nerve 32. Posterior Nerve 33. Anterior Nerve 34. Posterior Nerve 35. Anterior Nerve 36. Posterior Nerve 37. Anterior Nerve 38. Posterior Nerve 39. Anterior Nerve 40. Posterior Nerve 41. Anterior Nerve 42. Posterior Nerve 43. Anterior", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Insulin resistance is seen in liver disease because of-", + "gold_answer": "Hepatic steatosis", + "os_answer": "The liver is the largest endocrine organ in the body. It is responsible for the production of hormones, including insulin. The liver is also responsible for the production of bile, which is the main component of the digestive system. The liver is also responsible for the production of vitamin A, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin A from the intestine. The liver is also responsible for the production of vitamin D, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin D from the intestine. The liver is also responsible for the production of vitamin E, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin E from the intestine. The liver is also responsible for the production of vitamin K, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin K from the intestine. The liver is also responsible for the production of vitamin C, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin C from the intestine. The liver is also responsible for the production of vitamin B12, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 from the intestine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Access cavity shape in mandibular 1st molar with 4 canals", + "gold_answer": "Trapezoidal", + "os_answer": "The cavity shape in mandibular 1st molar is a single canal. The canal is located in the lingual side of the root. The canal is not visible in the radiograph.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) seen in 100 glaucoma patients has an average 30 mm with an SD of 1, what is the lower limit of the average that can be expected 95% of times -", + "gold_answer": "28", + "os_answer": "The lower limit of the average is the mean of the distribution. The mean of the distribution is the mean of the distribution.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anatomical dead space measured by -", + "gold_answer": "Single breath nitrogen test", + "os_answer": "The dead space is the space between the organs and the blood vessels. The dead space is measured by the amount of blood that is not being pumped out of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "First permanent molars begin to calcify at:", + "gold_answer": "At birth", + "os_answer": " The first permanent molars begin to calcify at: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 32-year-old woman is 9 weeks pregnant and has a 10 year old Down's syndrome child. What test would you recommend for the mother so that she can know about her chances of getting a Down's syndrome baby is this present pregnancy. How will you assure the mother about the chances of Down's syndrome in the present pregnancy?", + "gold_answer": "Chorionic villus sampling", + "os_answer": "The mother should be tested for Down's syndrome.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ability of a bur blade to describe a complete circle during rotation is called as:", + "gold_answer": "Run out.", + "os_answer": " A circle is a complete circle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is true about prostate cancer?", + "gold_answer": "Histopathology is determined by Gleason score", + "os_answer": "Prostate cancer is a common cancer that affects men. It is the second most common cancer in men. It is the most common cancer in men in the United States.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following anticoagulant preservative can be used to store blood, so that it can be kept for 35 days?", + "gold_answer": "Citrate phosphate dextrose-adenine (CPD-A)", + "os_answer": " Sodium citrate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All ceramic crown is placed on mandibular canine, what can we do to prolong the life of crown:", + "gold_answer": "Group function.", + "os_answer": "The crown should be placed on the mandibular canine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are complications of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children,except -", + "gold_answer": "Non-Union", + "os_answer": " None of the following are complications of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children, except -", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Diagnosis of mouth breathing can be done by all of the following except:", + "gold_answer": "Kinesiography", + "os_answer": "1. Auscultation of the lungs. 2. Auscultation of the heart. 3. Auscultation of the diaphragm. 4. Auscultation of the abdomen. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In reversible hydrocolloid the property by which the transformation from sol to gel and gel to sol occurs, is a function of the:", + "gold_answer": "Temperature", + "os_answer": " The property by which the transformation from sol to gel and gel to sol occurs, is a function of the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presents with ascending muscle weakness for 2 days. On examination, the limb is flaccid. What investigation should be done first?", + "gold_answer": "Serum potassium", + "os_answer": "The patient should be admitted to the hospital for further evaluation. The patient should be evaluated for possible muscle injury.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acetone breath is a feature of:", + "gold_answer": "Diabetes mellitus", + "os_answer": "Acetone is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid. It is a chemical compound that is produced by the breakdown of organic compounds. It is a component of many natural products, such as wine, beer, and vinegar. It is also a component of many industrial products, such as paint, rubber, and lubricants. Acetone is also a component of many industrial chemicals, such as solvents, dyes, and plastics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following bone(s) are used for the determination of growth in an individual?", + "gold_answer": "Cervical vertebrae", + "os_answer": " Congenital heart disease. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of death in adults? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Shape of the central groove in Mandibular 2nd premolar is", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The central groove is a groove that runs from the mesial surface of the crown to the distal surface of the crown.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Amniotic fluid is mainly produced by:", + "gold_answer": "Fetus", + "os_answer": " The amniotic fluid is produced by the fetus. ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 40 years old female currently on a drug for psychiatric illness and hypeension presents with NYHA class III hea failure with dyspnea, pedal edema and K+ levels of 5.5 mEq/L and creatinine 2.5 mg%. Which of the following drug is best avoided?", + "gold_answer": "Spironolactone", + "os_answer": " The drug is not recommended.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Improved marginal adaptation in a composite restoration can be achieved by:", + "gold_answer": "Acid etching", + "os_answer": "1. Using a composite restoration with a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC) and a glass-ionomer cement (GIC) as a base. 2. Using a composite restoration with a RMGIC and a GIC as a base. 3. Using a composite restoration with a RMGIC and a composite resin as a base. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which hormone, together with the catecholamines, enhances the tone of vascular smooth muscle and assists in elevating blood pressure?", + "gold_answer": "Cortisol", + "os_answer": " The adrenergic system. Question: Which hormone, together with the catecholamines, enhances the tone of vascular smooth muscle and assists in elevating blood pressure? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Inflammation of the periapical tissue is sustained by:", + "gold_answer": "Microorganisms", + "os_answer": "1. The presence of a dental infection. 2. The presence of a dental abscess. 3. The presence of a dental caries. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is a soft tissue cyst which do not produce any radiographic changes", + "gold_answer": "Nasolabial cyst", + "os_answer": " A cyst which is not visible on radiographs.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pure histological landmark for termination of cleaning, shaping and obturation is", + "gold_answer": "CDJ", + "os_answer": "The histological landmark is the most important part of the cleaning, shaping and obturation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Addison's disease is related to:", + "gold_answer": "Adrenal cortex", + "os_answer": " Addison's disease is related to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child presented with Microcephaly, Hepatomegaly and periventricular calcification. Best site from where specimen should be obtained for diagnosis of CMV by PCR?", + "gold_answer": "Urine", + "os_answer": "The best site for obtaining a specimen for diagnosis of CMV is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The CSF is a fluid that is secreted by the brain and is a fluid that is secreted by the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is penicillinase resistant penicillin:", + "gold_answer": "Cloxacillin", + "os_answer": "Penicillinase resistant penicillin. Penicillinase resistant penicillin is a penicillinase enzyme that is resistant to penicillin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "IPC section dealing with illegal aboion with woman consent?", + "gold_answer": "312", + "os_answer": "The IPC has no provision for the use of the word \u201caboli\u201d in the context of the question.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a suspected patient of dengue, all of these are acceptable investigations at day 3 of presentation except:", + "gold_answer": "ELISA for antibody against dengue virus", + "os_answer": " A. Blood culture. B. Serum electrolytes. C. Urine dipstick. D. Chest X-ray.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "When length of a spring is doubled, the effect is:", + "gold_answer": "Eight times", + "os_answer": " The spring is doubled in length. Question: When length of a spring is doubled, the effect is: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Severe acidosis occurs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The best method to counteract acidosis is to administer:", + "gold_answer": "Sodium bicarbonate intravenously", + "os_answer": " 1. Sodium bicarbonate 2. Sodium chloride 3. Sodium citrate 4. Sodium lactate 5. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride 6. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate 7. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium lactate 8. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 9. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 10. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 11. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 12. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 13. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 14. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 15. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 16. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 17. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 18. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 19. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 20. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 21. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 22. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate 23. Sodium bicarbonate and", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bones are held by a long cord or sheet of dense fibrous connective tissue called:", + "gold_answer": "Syndesmosis.", + "os_answer": " Bones are held by a long cord or sheet of dense fibrous connective tissue called:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A thinner mix of a gypsum-bonded investment will:", + "gold_answer": "Decrease setting expansion", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 45 years old male presents with itchy papules over face, neck and V area of chest for the last three years, which are exacerbated in summers and improved in winters. What test will you do to confirm diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Patch test", + "os_answer": " A biopsy of the lesions will be done.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "C wave in JVP due to", + "gold_answer": "Tricuspid bulging", + "os_answer": " A wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in JVP due to Question: C wave in J", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient is suffering from dehydration secondary to diarrhea. Which of the following intravenous agent is used in this case?", + "gold_answer": "0.9% saline", + "os_answer": " A. Sodium bicarbonate B. Sodium chloride C. Sodium lactate D. Sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate E. Sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient's cross infection with bite block of orthopantamograph machine is prevented by", + "gold_answer": "Using disposable bite blocks", + "os_answer": " The patient's cross infection with bite block of orthopantamograph machine is prevented by the use of a new type of orthopantamograph machine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 5-years old child was presented with proptosis. Microscopic examination of the mass revealed a round cell tumor positive for Desmin immunohistochemical marker. Most likely diagnosis is ?", + "gold_answer": "Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma", + "os_answer": " Desmin positive round cell tumor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Porosity present in a acrylic denture is usually the result of:", + "gold_answer": "Lack of sufficient pressure applied to flask", + "os_answer": "Porosity is a result of the material used to make the denture.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major aim of phase 1 clinical trials is:-", + "gold_answer": "Dose", + "os_answer": "The major aim of phase 1 clinical trials is to determine the safety and efficacy of a new drug. The primary objective of phase 1 clinical trials is to determine the safety and efficacy of a new drug.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bennett angle is:", + "gold_answer": "The angle which the path of balancing side condyle makes with the sagittal plane during Lateral excursion", + "os_answer": " Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is: Bennett angle is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Couinaud classified liver into 8 segments,which structure differentiates the segments anatomically", + "gold_answer": "Hepatic vein", + "os_answer": " The liver is divided into 8 segments. The first segment is the right lobe, the second is the left lobe, the third is the middle lobe, the fourth is the right upper lobe, the fifth is the left upper lobe, the sixth is the right lower lobe, the seventh is the left lower lobe, the eighth is the right upper and lower lobe.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cavity varnish is used for:", + "gold_answer": "To reduce the permeability of acid into dentinal tubules", + "os_answer": "1. To prevent the growth of bacteria in the mouth. 2. To prevent the growth of bacteria in the nose. 3. To prevent the growth of bacteria in the throat. 4. To prevent the growth of bacteria in the eyes. 5. To prevent the growth of bacteria in the ears. 6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient shows gingival swelling in lower premolar region. Biopsy was taken and histopathological examination showed endothelium-lined vascular spaces and the extreme proliferation of fibroblasts and budding endothelial cells. What could this lesion be:", + "gold_answer": "Pyogenic granuloma", + "os_answer": "This is a vascular lesion. The lesion is a vascular lesion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common sign of airway obstruction", + "gold_answer": "Strenuous breathing", + "os_answer": "Auscultation of the lungs is a very important part of the examination. The most common sign of airway obstruction is a loud, rumbling sound heard in the lungs. This is called a wheeze. The wheeze is heard in the chest and is heard in the lungs.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After a building collapse, among remnants, a person's length of humerus is 24.5 cm. What is the predicted height of this person?", + "gold_answer": "130 cm", + "os_answer": " The person's height is 24.5 cm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of CKD has presented with protracted vomiting. ABG shows pH = 7.40, pCO2 = 40 mm Hg, HCO3 = 25 mEq, Na=145 mEq/L, Chloride = 100 mEq/L, HCO3 = 24 mEq/L. What is the observation?", + "gold_answer": "High anion gap metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis", + "os_answer": "The patient has been on a diet for the last 3 days.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Purpose of giving Glycopyrrolate before GA", + "gold_answer": "Decrease laryngeal secretions", + "os_answer": "Glycopyrrolate is a drug that is used to prevent the absorption of certain drugs. It is used to prevent the absorption of certain drugs.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "what does not occur in 5'- 3'direction?", + "gold_answer": "RNA editing", + "os_answer": " the following question about medicine. Question: what does not occur in 5'- 3'direction? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following cannula is used in patient with severe dehydration and diarrhea?", + "gold_answer": "Grey", + "os_answer": " The cannula used in patient with severe dehydration and diarrhea is the one with the small diameter.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Etchant preferred in gel form than in liquid form:", + "gold_answer": "Better control over placement", + "os_answer": "Liquid form is preferred.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A known HIV patient on anti - retroviral therapy presented with diarrhea of six months duration. Stoll microscopy was done in which 10-30 micrometer cysts were seen, Kinyoun stain was positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Cystoisospora", + "os_answer": "Stoll microscopy is the most likely diagnosis. Stoll microscopy is a microscopic examination of the stool for the presence of cysts. Cysts are small, round, non-motile, non-haemorrhagic, non-fibrous structures that are usually found in the colon. They are usually found in the colon and rectum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "How long should a child be isolated after being diagnosed with bacterial meningitis to prevent fuher transmission?", + "gold_answer": "Till 24 hours after staing antibiotics", + "os_answer": " The CDC recommends that children be isolated for 7 days after being diagnosed with bacterial meningitis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On stretching the cheek the lesion disappears in:", + "gold_answer": "Leukoedema", + "os_answer": " The lesion disappears in: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following indicate superimposed pre-eclampsia in a pregnant female of chronic hypeension except: (Asked twice)", + "gold_answer": "Increase in systolic BP by 30 mm Hg and diastolic by 15 mm Hg", + "os_answer": " (Asked twice)", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Basic fear of a 2-year-old child during his first visit to\nthe dentist is related to", + "gold_answer": "Fear of separation from parent", + "os_answer": " The fear of a 2-year-old child during his first visit to the dentist is related to the\nfollowing question: What is the most common fear of a 2-year-old child during his first visit to the dentist?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Main mechanism of action of heparin Is to prevent:", + "gold_answer": "Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin", + "os_answer": "Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that is a complex of a protein and a sugar. It is a component of the blood that helps to keep the blood vessels open. It is also a component of the blood that helps to keep the blood vessels open.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An avulsed tooth which is replanted shows loss of lamina dura radiographically, high sound on percussion. The type of resorption is", + "gold_answer": "Replacement resorption", + "os_answer": "The lamina dura is the thin membrane that covers the nerve root.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Extra-radicular source of persistent endodontic infection is?", + "gold_answer": "Propionobacterium", + "os_answer": "Extra-radicular source of persistent endodontic infection is a persistent infection of the root canal system that is not caused by a periapical lesion. The infection is caused by the presence of bacteria in the root canal system. The infection is not caused by a periapical lesion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A motorcyclist after road traffic accident is having raised aerial pCO2 on ABG. Probable cause can be:", + "gold_answer": "Damage to both respiratory apparatus and respiratory centre", + "os_answer": "A. The patient is not having raised ABG. B. The patient is having raised ABG. C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "\"Hair-on-end\" appearance in a skull roentgenogram is\nseen in :", + "gold_answer": "Thalassemia", + "os_answer": " \"Yes\"", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Poor prognostic indicator of ALL is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Hypodiploidy", + "os_answer": "Yes, ALL is a disease with poor prognosis. It is a disease with a very poor prognosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "L-asparaginase is used in the treatment of:", + "gold_answer": "ALL", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause of death in case of acute poliomyelitis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Respiratory failure", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of death in case of acute poliomyelitis is \u2013", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In choriocarcinoma, lung metastasis occurs in which stage?", + "gold_answer": "Stage 3", + "os_answer": " In stage I, the lung metastasis is not found. In stage II, the lung metastasis is found in the lung. In stage III, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage IV, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage V, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage VI, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage VII, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage VIII, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage IX, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage X, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage XI, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage XII, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage XIII, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage XIV, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage XV, the lung metastasis is found in the lung and the liver. In stage XVI, the lung metastasis is", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Role of plasticizer in synthetic resins in dentistry is", + "gold_answer": "To reduce softening and fusion temperature", + "os_answer": "Plasticizers are used in the manufacture of dental materials to improve the physical properties of the material. They are also used to improve the mechanical properties of the material. The purpose of the plasticizer is to improve the physical properties of the material. The plasticizer is used to improve the physical properties of the material.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In which of the following disorders a circulating antibody directed to intercellular cementing substance of stratified squamous epithelium is observed:", + "gold_answer": "Pemphigus vulgaris", + "os_answer": "1. A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 year old boy is having polyuria, polydipsia,laboratory data showed (in mEq/lit) \u2013 Na\u2013 154 K\u2013 4.5 HCO3\u2013 \n 22 Serum osmolality \u2013 295 Blood urea \u2013 50 Urine specific gravity \u2013 1.005 The likely diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Diabetes insipidus", + "os_answer": " Hyponatremia \u2013 Hypokalemia \u2013 Hypocapnia \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013 Hypotension \u2013", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lacunar cells are seen in which type of Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma", + "gold_answer": "Nodular sclerosing", + "os_answer": "Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system. It is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with acute history of blistering and denudation involving >30% BSA along with erosions of the lips with hemorrhagic crusting and other mucosa for few days. What is the most common triggering factor?", + "gold_answer": "Drug induced", + "os_answer": " The most common triggering factor is the use of topical corticosteroids.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Organic component of bone comprises of:", + "gold_answer": "90% collagen protein", + "os_answer": "Bone is a mineralized tissue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the difference between RIFLE & KDIGO criteria in differentiating a tubular injury?", + "gold_answer": "Urinary NGAL", + "os_answer": "The RIFLE and KDIGO criteria are not the same. The RIFLE criteria are used to determine the need for a renal biopsy. The KDIGO criteria are used to determine the need for a renal biopsy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A couple comes for evaluation of infeility. The HSG was normal but semen analysis revealed azoospermia. What is the diagnostic test to differentiate between testicular failure and vas deferens obstruction?", + "gold_answer": "Serum FSH", + "os_answer": " The testicular biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of testicular failure. Vas deferens obstruction is a rare cause of infertility. The testicular biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of vas deferens obstruction.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, elevated triglyceride and VLDL levels are seen due to:", + "gold_answer": "Increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase and decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase", + "os_answer": "1. Increased insulin resistance. 2. Increased lipoprotein lipase activity. 3. Increased lipoprotein lipase activity and increased lipoprotein lipase activity. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 9-year-old child comes with Ellis class-III fracture in 11 after 24 hours, what will be the first step of management?", + "gold_answer": "Take radiograph and Cvek's pulpotomy", + "os_answer": "The first step of management is to make sure that the child is not suffering from any other diseases. The child should be treated with the same care as the other patients.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a 40 years old patient with head injury, which of the following is the best strategy to decrease the intracerebral pressure?", + "gold_answer": "Limiting pCO, of the patient", + "os_answer": " The patient should be treated with a neurosurgical craniotomy. Question: Which of the following is the best strategy to decrease the intracerebral pressure? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All the following are seen in myasthenia gravis except:", + "gold_answer": "Absent DTRs", + "os_answer": " All the following are seen in myasthenia gravis except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient notices a well demarcated area of depapillation on his tongue which has been there for as long as he can remember. The most probable diagnosis:", + "gold_answer": "Median rhomboid glossitis", + "os_answer": "Depapilliation. The patient is a man in his late twenties. He has been in the hospital for a week.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following should be avoided by a patient with lactose intolerance, EXCEPT:", + "gold_answer": "Yoghu", + "os_answer": "1. Milk. 2. Milk products. 3. Milk products with added sugar. 4. Milk products with added sugar and/or cream. 5. Milk products with added sugar and/or cream and/or cream. 6. Milk products with added sugar and/or cream and/or cream and/or cream. 7. Milk products with added sugar and/or cream and/or cream and/or cream and/or cream. 8. Milk products with added sugar and/or cream and/or cream and/or cream and/or cream and/or cream. 9.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For testing the statistical significance of the difference in heights of school children among three socio economic groups the most appropriate statistical test is:", + "gold_answer": "One way analysis of variance (one way ANOVA)", + "os_answer": " The t-test.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Name the parts of the implant assembly", + "gold_answer": "1 - crown, 2 \u2013 abutment screw, 3 - abutment. 4 - fixture", + "os_answer": " The implant assembly is made up of the following parts: The implant assembly is made up of the following parts:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a survey of sleep apnea scores among 10 people, the highest sample of 58 was entered by mistake as 85. This will affect the result as:", + "gold_answer": "Increased mean. no change in median", + "os_answer": "The highest sample of 58 was entered by mistake as 85. This will affect the result as: The highest sample of 58 was entered by mistake as 85.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Localised suppuration of lung is called:", + "gold_answer": "An abscess", + "os_answer": "A. Pulmonary tuberculosis. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Artery of 4th pharyngeal arch:", + "gold_answer": "Right and left subclavian artery and arch of aorta.", + "os_answer": "The artery of the 4th pharyngeal arch is the anterior branch of the pharyngeal artery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Among a 100 women with average Hb of 10 gm%, the standard deviation was 1, what is the standard error?", + "gold_answer": "0.1", + "os_answer": " The standard error is the standard deviation divided by the mean.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The age of the child used in the determination of child mortality rate is:", + "gold_answer": "1-4 years", + "os_answer": " The age of the child used in the determination of child mortality rate is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The formation of the dental lamina is initiated by", + "gold_answer": "Neural crest cells", + "os_answer": " The formation of the dental lamina is initiated by the formation of the dental lamina.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most outer covering of nerve fibres is called as:", + "gold_answer": "Perineurium", + "os_answer": " The most outer covering of nerve fibres is called as:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 46 years old male patient was given subarachnoid block with bupivacaine (heavy) by the anesthetist. After 10 minutes he was found to have a BP of 72/44 mm Hg and hea rate of 52/min. On checking the level of block it was found to be T6. What is the likely explanation for the bradvcardia?", + "gold_answer": "Bezold-Jarisch reflex", + "os_answer": "The patient had a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The patient was also taking anti-hypertensive and anti-diabetic medications. The patient was also taking a beta-blocker. The patient was also taking a calcium channel blocker. The patient was also taking a statin. The patient was also taking a diuretic. The patient was also taking a nitrate. The patient was also taking a beta-blocker and a calcium channel blocker.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following has a bifid root?", + "gold_answer": "34, 44", + "os_answer": " Bifid. Question: Which of the following has a bifid root? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which Bone does not form the wrist joint", + "gold_answer": "Ulna", + "os_answer": "The wrist joint is formed by the bones of the forearm. The bones of the forearm are called the radius and the ulna.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with obstructive jaundice, what is the possible explanation for a bilirubin level of 40 mg/dL?", + "gold_answer": "Renal failure", + "os_answer": "The patient has a liver disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drugs used in urea cycle disorders to reduce ammonia?", + "gold_answer": "Phenyl butyrate", + "os_answer": " The drug is used to treat the symptoms of urea cycle disorders. It is not used to treat the underlying cause of the disorder.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a complication observed with which of the following vaccines? (Asked twice)", + "gold_answer": "MMR", + "os_answer": " A. B. C. D. E. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cherry red spot after trauma is seen in children due to:", + "gold_answer": "Berlin's edema", + "os_answer": "1. The child is allergic to the medicine. 2. The child is allergic to the medicine and the medicine is not effective. 3. The child is allergic to the medicine and the medicine is not effective and the child is allergic to the medicine. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What does low volume of distribution of a drug mean?", + "gold_answer": "Does not accumulates in tissues", + "os_answer": "The volume of distribution of a drug is the volume of the drug that is distributed to the body at a given time. The volume of distribution is the volume of the drug that is distributed to the body at a given time.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions:", + "gold_answer": "Isomerisation", + "os_answer": " 1. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 2. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 3. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 4. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 5. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 6. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 7. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 8. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 9. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: 10. The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A person with histrionic, shy, anxious avoidant per!sonality comes under which cluster?", + "gold_answer": "C", + "os_answer": " The cluster of per!sonality. Question: Which of the following is NOT a cluster of per!sonality? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is third generation cephalosporin?", + "gold_answer": "Cefoperazone", + "os_answer": " Cefixime. Question: Which of the following is third generation cephalosporin? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Buccopharyngeal membrane is composed of:", + "gold_answer": "Both AB", + "os_answer": "The membrane is a thin, elastic, fibrous membrane that covers the pharynx and larynx. It is composed of two layers: the inner layer is composed of connective tissue and the outer layer is composed of mucous. The inner layer is attached to the pharynx and larynx and the outer layer is attached to the skin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sibilant sounds are produced at:", + "gold_answer": "Between rest and occluding position", + "os_answer": "1. The nose. 2. The mouth. 3. The throat. 4. The chest. 5. The abdomen. 6. The back. 7. The legs. 8. The feet. 9. The hands. 10. The ears. 11. The eyes. 12.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The red blood cells in beta thalassemia are typically:", + "gold_answer": "Microcytic and hypochromic", + "os_answer": " The red blood cells in beta thalassemia are typically:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pulpectomy and pulp capping are more successful in\nprimary teeth because of:", + "gold_answer": "Increased blood supply through the wide apex", + "os_answer": " Pulp capping is more successful in primary teeth because of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which are all the factors determining the GFR?", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " The factors determining the GFR are the following:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sclerotic dentin has following features:", + "gold_answer": "Resistant to caries", + "os_answer": "Sclerotic dentin is a condition in which the dentin is sclerotic.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Streptococcus mutans is considered to be a principal etiologic agent of caries because it produces organic acids and it:", + "gold_answer": "Forms a gelatinous matrix", + "os_answer": " Streptococcus mutans is considered to be a principal etiologic agent of caries because it produces organic acids and it: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Rh lso Immunisation, exchange transfusion is indicated if \u2013", + "gold_answer": "All of these", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 8 year old boy during a routine checkup is found to have E. coli 1,00,000 cc/ml on a urine culture. The urine specimen was obtained by mid\u2013stream clean\u2013catch void. The child is asymptomatic. Which is the most appropriate next step in the management \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Treat as an acute episode of urinary tract infection", + "os_answer": "The child should be treated with a course of antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which type of laser is used in waterlase system?", + "gold_answer": "YSGG Laser", + "os_answer": "Waterlase is a type of laser that is used in water treatment. It is a laser that is used to treat water.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient has had recurrent optic neuritis bilaterally with transverse myelitis. Visual acuity in right eye is 6/60 and left eye is 6/18. Patient showed a 50% response to steroids. Diagnosis is?", + "gold_answer": "Neuromyelitis Optica", + "os_answer": "Optic neuritis is a disorder of the optic nerve that causes inflammation of the optic nerve and the brain. It is a type of inflammation of the optic nerve that is caused by a virus. The inflammation of the optic nerve causes the nerve to become inflamed and causes the nerve to become swollen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The maxillary sinus drains into the", + "gold_answer": "Middle meatus", + "os_answer": " The maxillary sinus drains into the maxillary sinus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drug not requiring dose adjustment in renal disease is", + "gold_answer": "Calcium channel blocker", + "os_answer": " No.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dried blood spotes test in neonates is used in testing for:-", + "gold_answer": "Inborn error of metabolism", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which acid is formed in the citric acid cycle?", + "gold_answer": "Oxaloacetic acid", + "os_answer": " Acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Question: Which is the most important enzyme in the citric acid cycle? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Open reduction & fixation of fracture of mandibular condyle is indicated when", + "gold_answer": "Shortening of ramal height is more than 5 mm", + "os_answer": "The fracture is not stable. The fracture is unstable.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child presented with respiratory distress was brought to emergency with bag and mask ventilation. Now child is intubated. Chest X\u2013ray shows right\u2013sided deviation of mediastinum with scaphoid abdomen. His Pulse rate is increased. What is the next step ?", + "gold_answer": "Put a nasogastric tube", + "os_answer": "The next step is to perform a CT scan of the chest and abdomen. The CT scan will show the mediastinum and scaphoid. The mediastinum is the area between the sternum and the clavicle. The scaphoid is the bone that connects the sternum to the clavicle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best graft for alveolar cleft surgery\n(Or)\nPatient with cleft palate graft taken from", + "gold_answer": "Posterior iliac crest", + "os_answer": "None", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Calculate the base deficit in a patient of weight 75 kg with a pH = 6.96, pCO2 = 30 mm Hg and HCO3- = 6 mEq/L:", + "gold_answer": "500 mEq", + "os_answer": " Base deficit = -0.5 mmol/L.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Storage temperature of RBC, Platelet, and Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) are:", + "gold_answer": "RBC 2-6oC, Platelet 20-22oC, FFP-30oC", + "os_answer": " Storage temperature of RBC, Platelet, and FFP are:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "C shaped root canals are preferably found in (Maximum incidence)", + "gold_answer": "Mand 2nd molar", + "os_answer": " C shaped root canals are preferably found in (Maximum incidence)", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient underwent thyroidectomy for hypehyroidism. Two days later he was presented with features of thyroid storm. What is the most likely cause?", + "gold_answer": "Inadequate preoperative preparation", + "os_answer": " Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition that can occur in patients with thyroid disease. It is caused by a rapid increase in the level of thyroid hormone, which can lead to a rapid increase in the heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar. The most common cause of thyroid storm is hyperthyroidism, which is caused by a thyroid gland that is enlarged. The most common symptoms of thyroid storm are tachycardia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The most common treatment for thyroid storm is the administration of thyroid hormone. The most common side effects of thyroid storm are hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, and hypocalcemia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Dysphonia plica ventricularis, sound is produced by -", + "gold_answer": "False vocal cords", + "os_answer": " In the case of the ventricularis, the sound is produced by the ventricle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which anesthetic agent can cause pain on IV adminis-tration?", + "gold_answer": "Propofol", + "os_answer": " Propofol.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bacteria responsible for post-operative endocarditis is:", + "gold_answer": "Staphylococcus epidermidis.", + "os_answer": " Bacteria responsible for post-operative endocarditis is: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which tooth has a non functional cusp", + "gold_answer": "Lower 1st premolar", + "os_answer": "The cusp is the most important tooth in the mouth. It is the tooth that is most likely to be affected by a disease. The cusp is the tooth that is most likely to be affected by a disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In periodontal flap most important factor to be considered is:", + "gold_answer": "Amount of attached gingiva", + "os_answer": "The most important factor to be considered is the presence of a healthy gingiva. The presence of a healthy gingiva is the most important factor to be considered in periodontal flap surgery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young donor came to the blood bank for the first time for platelet apheresis with platelet count of 1.9L. During the course he developed paresthesias, circumoral numbness during donation. His vitals remain stable though. ECG showed tachycardia with ST-T changes. What is the reason for his symptoms?", + "gold_answer": "Hypocalcemia", + "os_answer": "The donor had a history of thrombocytopenia and had been on aspirin for a long time.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mesiolingual developmental groove is seen in", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular 1st premolar", + "os_answer": " The mesiolingual groove is seen in the mesiolingual region of the mandible.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause of post neonatal mortality is:", + "gold_answer": "Environmental causes", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of post neonatal mortality is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with Ludwig's angina comes to you. What will be your first treatment step:", + "gold_answer": "Fiberoptic intubation/tracheostomy under LA", + "os_answer": "The patient has a heart attack.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Post operative thromboprophylaxis by low molecular weight heparin is best done by which route of administration?", + "gold_answer": "Subcutaneous", + "os_answer": " The best way to administer post operative thromboprophylaxis is by subcutaneous injection.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to WHO guidelines, latent TB should be ruled out in all the following situations except:", + "gold_answer": "Chronic alcoholics", + "os_answer": "1. When the patient is HIV-positive. 2. When the patient has a history of TB contact. 3. When the patient has a history of TB contact and is on anti-TB treatment. 4. When the patient has a history of TB contact and is on anti-TB treatment and has a positive Mantoux test. 5. When the patient has a history of TB contact and is on anti-TB treatment and has a positive Mantoux test and is on anti-TB treatment. 6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 36 years old patient underwent breast conservation therapy and chemotherapy for a 1.5 x 1.2 cm ER positive breast cancer with one positive axillary lymph node. She is now on tamoxifen. How will you follow-up the patient?", + "gold_answer": "Routine clinical examination 3 monthly in 1st year with annual mammogram", + "os_answer": " The patient will be followed up every 3 months for the first 2 years and then every 6 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 6 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 12 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 24 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 36 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 48 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 60 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 72 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 84 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 96 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 108 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 120 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 132 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 144 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 168 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up every 180 months for the next 2 years. The patient will be followed up", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On laboratory investigations in a patient, LDL was highly elevated but the level of LDL receptors was normal. Which of the following is most probable cause?", + "gold_answer": "Apo B-100 mutation", + "os_answer": "LDL is a lipoprotein that is synthesized in the liver and secreted into the blood.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is true regarding lathe cut silver alloy:", + "gold_answer": "Has tensile strength both at 15 min & 7 days comparable to high copper unicompositional alloy", + "os_answer": "The cut is made by a lathe.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are indications for thrombolysis in a patient with stroke except:", + "gold_answer": "Sustained BP >185/110 mm Fig despite treatment", + "os_answer": "1. The patient has a large intracranial hemorrhage. 2. The patient has a large subarachnoid hemorrhage. 3. The patient has a large subdural hematoma. 4. The patient has a large subarachnoid hemorrhage and a large subdural hematoma. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common site of esophageal carcinoma?", + "gold_answer": "Middle 1/3rd of esophagus", + "os_answer": "Esophagus is the most common site of esophageal carcinoma. Esophageal carcinoma is the most common cancer in the world.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Serum chemistry analysis in a patient reveals pCo2=30mm Hg, pO2=105mm Hg, pH=7.46. This profile indicates", + "gold_answer": "Respiratory alkalosis", + "os_answer": " Hypoxia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If impacted 3rd molar is to be extracted in patient planned for bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, then extraction should be done", + "gold_answer": "6 month before surgery", + "os_answer": "The impacted third molar is to be extracted in the patient planned for bilateral sagittal split osteotomy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To remove any occlusal pre-maturity, what should be the first step to be done:", + "gold_answer": "Check the occlusion in centric.", + "os_answer": "The first step is to remove the occlusal pre-maturity. The occlusal pre-maturity is the stage of the tooth that is not yet fully erupted.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Swollen joint, anemic, loose teeth & dentin dysplasia are\nbecause of deficiency of:", + "gold_answer": "Vitamin C", + "os_answer": " Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12,\nVitamin A, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin B12,\nVitamin K, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin B12,\nVitamin A, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin B12,\nVitamin K, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin B12,\nVitamin A, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin B12,\nVitamin K, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin B12,\nVitamin A, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "3 weeks after insertion of distal extension partial denture, the patient reports to the dental clinic with complaint of sensitivity to chewing pressure. The most probable reason would be:", + "gold_answer": "Improper occlusion", + "os_answer": "1. The patient has a denture that is not fully seated. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In the formula for urea clearance, C = U x V/P, U denotes:", + "gold_answer": "Urinary concentration in mg/ml", + "os_answer": " C = 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The treatment of choice for stage-I cancer larynx is:", + "gold_answer": "Radiotherapy", + "os_answer": " The treatment of choice for stage-I cancer larynx is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Least pain sensitivity in oral cavity is in which mucosa", + "gold_answer": "Buccal mucosa", + "os_answer": "The mucosa of the oral cavity is the mucous membrane covering the oral cavity.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Low apparent volume of distribution of a drug indicates That", + "gold_answer": "Drug is not extensively distribution to tissue", + "os_answer": " The drug is not absorbed into the blood stream.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The tissue response to oral hygiene instruction is best\nassessed by", + "gold_answer": "Reduced tendency to bleed on probing the gingival margin", + "os_answer": " The tissue response to oral hygiene instruction is best assessed by the following question:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient got trauma and a metal rod inserted in superior orbital fissure causes damage of?", + "gold_answer": "Occulomotor and ophthalmic nerve", + "os_answer": "The patient got trauma and a metal rod inserted in superior orbital fissure causes damage of the orbital bone. The patient was treated with a metal rod and the damage was repaired. The patient was discharged.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following defines the pressure in the vascular system in the absence of blood flow?", + "gold_answer": "Mean circulatory filling pressure", + "os_answer": " The pressure in the vascular system is determined by the pressure of the blood in the vessel. Question: Which of the following is the most important factor in determining the pressure in the vascular system? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the advantage of chromic gut over plain\ngut suture in deep wounds?", + "gold_answer": "Delayed resorption", + "os_answer": "Chromic gut is a new type of suture material that is made of a\npolymer that is cross-linked with a chromium compound. The chromium compound is a metal that is\nabsorbed by the body and is used to strengthen the suture material. The chromic gut suture material\nis a new type of suture material that is made of a polymer that is cross-linked with a chromium\ncompound. The chromium compound is a metal that is absorbed by the body and is used to strengthen\nthe suture material. The chromic gut suture material is a new type of suture material that is made\nof a polymer that is cross-linked with a chromium compound.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pellicle formation involves", + "gold_answer": "Adsorption of acidic glycoproteins from saliva", + "os_answer": "Pellicle formation involves the formation of a layer of cells called the epidermis. The epidermis is a layer of cells that covers the skin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Increase in the residual mercury in silver amalgam filling can:", + "gold_answer": "Cause fracture of the filling", + "os_answer": "The residual mercury in the silver amalgam filling is not a problem.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Not included in the human poverty index is:", + "gold_answer": "Occupation", + "os_answer": "The human poverty index is a measure of the extent to which a country's citizens are poor. The human poverty index is calculated by dividing the number of people living in poverty by the number of people living in the country.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 33 years old male came with pain and watering in the right eye for 36 hours. On examination, a 3 x 2 cm corneal ulcer is seen with elevated margins, feathery hyphae, finger like projections and minimal hypopyon in cornea. What is the likely causative organism?", + "gold_answer": "Aspergillosis", + "os_answer": "Corneal ulceration is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. Corneal ulceration is usually caused by a bacterial infection. The most common bacteria causing corneal ulceration are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most common cause of corneal ulceration in diabetes mellitus is Staphylococcus aureus. The most common cause of corneal ulceration in diabetes mellitus is Streptococcus pneumoniae. The most common cause of corneal ulceration in diabetes mellitus is Pseudomonas aeruginosa.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient of oral & maxillofacial trauma, cervical injury is not ruled out, intubation of preference will be:", + "gold_answer": "Fiberoptic intubation", + "os_answer": "The patient is a young male, with a history of trauma to the neck.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 40 years old male with history of fall and one episode of vomiting near an alcohol shop. He was brought to casualty and he was awake with open eyes and had retrograde amnesia. Which of the following is most likely cause?", + "gold_answer": "Concussion", + "os_answer": "The patient was brought to casualty by ambulance and he was brought to casualty by ambulance.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "DOPA and 5 - Hydroxytryptophan are clinically\nimportant because", + "gold_answer": "They cross Blood Brain Barriers", + "os_answer": "DOPA and 5 - Hydroxytryptophan are clinically important because they are\nthe two most important substances in the body. They are the two most important substances in the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is associated with defective apoptosis and increased cell survival", + "gold_answer": "Auto immune disorders", + "os_answer": "The Bcl-2 family of proteins is involved in the regulation of apoptosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The two roots of auriculotemporal nerve encircles which structure", + "gold_answer": "Middle meningeal artery", + "os_answer": "The auriculotemporal nerve encircles is the nerve that runs from the ear to the eye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most effective way of preventing tetanus is :", + "gold_answer": "Tetanus toxoid", + "os_answer": " The most effective way of preventing tetanus is :", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not a feature of HELLP syndrome:", + "gold_answer": "Eosinophilia", + "os_answer": " HELLP syndrome is a form of acute liver failure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which laboratory test is most useful for patient under\ndicumarol therapy?", + "gold_answer": "PT", + "os_answer": " The most useful laboratory test is the blood test.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infectious mononucleosis is caused by?", + "gold_answer": "EBV", + "os_answer": " Fever. Question: What is the most common symptom of this disease? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drugs causing hyperglycemia:", + "gold_answer": "Glucocorticoids", + "os_answer": "Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is caused by the body's inability to use insulin properly. The body does not produce enough insulin to properly use glucose. The body uses glucose to make energy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In CPR for Infants-1. The sequence followed is Compression - Breathing- Airway2. 30 chest compression is given3. 1 breathe every 15 compressions4. Chest Compression should be 1 1/2 inches in infants5. In infants, the brachial pulse should be assessed.", + "gold_answer": "False True False True True", + "os_answer": "1. Chest compression should be 1 1/2 inches in infants. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Density of radiograph is affected by all, except:", + "gold_answer": "Cone angulation", + "os_answer": "1. The density of the radiograph is affected by the density of the patient. 2. The density of the radiograph is affected by the density of the radiograph. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum spherocytes is seen in", + "gold_answer": "Autoimmune hemolytic anemia", + "os_answer": " Yes, the maximum number of spherocytes is seen in the spleen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Medial squint is caused by paralysis of", + "gold_answer": "Abducens nerve", + "os_answer": "The muscles of the eye are controlled by the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Difference in transudate & exudate is that the former\nhas a:", + "gold_answer": "Low protein", + "os_answer": " The difference between the two is that the former has a:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a 32 year female patient, left supraclavicular lymph node biopsy histologically shows acidophilic owl eye nucleoli lying freely in empty spaces showing immunohistocompatibility with CD 15 & CD 30, it is suggestive of", + "gold_answer": "Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's lymphoma", + "os_answer": " CD 15 & CD 30 are positive in lymph node biopsy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "St. Anthony's fire refers to poisoning by:", + "gold_answer": "Ergot alkaloids", + "os_answer": "St. Anthony's fire is a disease of the heart. It is caused by a poison that is injected into the heart. The poison is a substance called strychnine. Strychnine is a poison that is found in many plants. It is a poison that is found in many plants.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Odontogenic keratocyst has the following feature", + "gold_answer": "Is developmental in origin", + "os_answer": "Odontogenic keratocyst has the following feature.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Streptococci have the ability to adhere to the tooth surfaces and contribute to caries development as they?", + "gold_answer": "Produce extracellular polysachharides", + "os_answer": "Streptococci are a group of bacteria that are found in the mouth. They are also known as oral bacteria. Streptococci are found in the mouth and are responsible for many diseases.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In gypsum products thinner mix leads to", + "gold_answer": "Decreased setting expansion", + "os_answer": "The mix of gypsum and water is called gypsum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "TNM Staging is what type of scale", + "gold_answer": "Ordinal", + "os_answer": "Tumor, Node, Metastasis Scale (TNM) is a system of classifying tumors according to their size, location, and spread. The system is based on the size of the tumor, the number of nodes involved, and the number of metastases. The system is used to determine the stage of the disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Child presents with hypotonia and seizures. It was confirmed to be zellweger syndrome. Which of the following accumulates in brain?", + "gold_answer": "Long chain fatty acid", + "os_answer": " A. Glutamate. B. Glutamine. C. Glutamate + glutamine. D. Glutamate + glutamine + glutamate. E. Glutamate + glutamine + glutamate + glutamine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anaphylaxis is mediated by", + "gold_answer": "All of these", + "os_answer": " Anaphylaxis is mediated by IgE. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mental foramen is located:", + "gold_answer": "Between roots of premolars", + "os_answer": "The mental foramen is located in the skull.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cyst associated with adjoining vital teeth?", + "gold_answer": "Dentigerous cyst", + "os_answer": "The most common cyst associated with adjoining vital teeth is the cyst of the mandibular third molar. The cyst is usually asymptomatic and is usually found in the mandibular third molar.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient presented with imbalance on walking with eyes closed and has to lift up foot and stomp on ground to walk. The tract involved is:-", + "gold_answer": "Dorsal column tract", + "os_answer": "The patient has a foot drop.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Difference between physical characteristic of reamers and files is:", + "gold_answer": "The number of flutes on the blade are more in files than in reamers", + "os_answer": " Reamers are used to cut the file into a certain shape. Files are used to cut the file into a certain shape.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For determining periodontal disease an epidemiological survey is done by using:", + "gold_answer": "Periodontal index (P.I)", + "os_answer": " The following question is answered correctly.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Arch length analysis of a dentition shows a discrepancy of more than 10 mm. This indicates:", + "gold_answer": "Extraction of posterior teeth", + "os_answer": "The arch length is not the same as the length of the dentition. The arch length is the length of the dentition, which is the length of the arch. The length of the arch is the length of the dentition, which is the length of the arch.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Inorganic component of bone is:", + "gold_answer": "65%", + "os_answer": "The mineral component of bone is calcium.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient with carcinoma endometrium treated with pelvic external beam irradiation to whole pelvis. Which of the following organs is most radiosensitive in the pelvic region?", + "gold_answer": "Ovary", + "os_answer": " Cancer of the endometrium. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of death in patients with carcinoma of the endometrium? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Repeated fracture of a porcelain fused to metal restoration is primarily due to", + "gold_answer": "Inadequately designed framework", + "os_answer": "The porcelain is not fused to the metal. The porcelain is fused to the metal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "White patch is seen on the buccal mucosa consisting of\npseudomycelium and chalmydospores with desquamated\nepithelium adjacent to it, the patient is suffering from", + "gold_answer": "candidiasis", + "os_answer": " The white patch is seen on the buccal mucosa consisting of pseudomycelium and chalmydospores with desquamated epithelium adjacent to it, the patient is suffering from a fungal infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "First step in major connector construction is", + "gold_answer": "Design of the stress bearing areas", + "os_answer": "The first step in major connector construction is to make a hole in the center of the connector. The hole is called the center hole. The center hole is the place where the connector is attached to the cable.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "SI unit of X-ray", + "gold_answer": "Gray", + "os_answer": " SI unit of X-ray", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Father of statistics", + "gold_answer": "John Graunt", + "os_answer": "Statistics is a branch of science that deals with the study of the distribution of events in a population. The study of statistics is a branch of mathematics. The study of statistics is a branch of science that deals with the study of the distribution of events in a population.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Odontoblasts are derived from ____________", + "gold_answer": "Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells", + "os_answer": " odontoblasts are derived from dental pulp.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The deepest layer of cervical fascia is:", + "gold_answer": "Prevertebral fascia", + "os_answer": " The deepest layer of cervical fascia is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10\u2013year old male child was presented to the pediatrician for evaluation of a seizure disorder. On examination a vascular plaque was found along the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The mother informed the pediatrician that the lesion was present since birth and there was no change in morphology. The most likely possibility is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Sturge Weber syndrome", + "os_answer": "The most likely possibility is that the lesion is a vascular malformation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dry heat destroys microorganisms by", + "gold_answer": "Oxidation", + "os_answer": " The heat destroys the microorganisms by drying them.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hyponatremia is defined as a serum Na+ level", + "gold_answer": "< 135 mmol/L", + "os_answer": " Hyponatremia is defined as a serum Na+ level of less than 135 mEq/L.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A middle-aged woman came to OPD with a twin pregnancy. She already had 2 first trimester aboion and she has a 3 years old female child who was born at the end of ninth month of gestation. Which of the following is her accurate representation? C = gravid, P = para?", + "gold_answer": "G4P1 0+1+2", + "os_answer": " C.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The aspirate from a keratocyst will have:", + "gold_answer": "A low soluble protein content", + "os_answer": "1. A white, cloudy fluid. 2. A yellowish fluid. 3. A clear fluid. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Initially compression osteosynthesis was used for:", + "gold_answer": "Non union", + "os_answer": "1. Fracture of the femoral neck. 2. Femoral neck fracture. 3. Femoral neck fracture with comminuted fracture. 4. Femoral neck fracture with comminuted fracture and comminuted fracture. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Property affected due to diameter of nerve fiber/axon?", + "gold_answer": "Conduction velocity", + "os_answer": " The diameter of the axon is the same as the diameter of the nerve fiber.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A surgeon decides to operate a patient under epidural anesthesia. 3% Xylocaine with adrenaline is used for administering epidural anesthesia. The patient suddenly develops hypotension after 3 minutes of administration. What is the most likely cause for this?", + "gold_answer": "Penetration into the subarachnoid space", + "os_answer": "The most likely cause is the patient's blood pressure falling below the normal range. The patient's blood pressure is usually between 90 and 100 mm Hg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A person after consuming raw eggs presents with weakness, fatigue & hypoglycemia. Doctor gave him vitamin tablets. Which enzyme deficiency is causing hypoglycemia in this patient:", + "gold_answer": "Pyruvate carboxylase", + "os_answer": "Hypoglycemia is a condition where the blood sugar level is low. It is caused by a deficiency of insulin. The body does not produce enough insulin. The body does not use the insulin properly.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mandibular fossa is a part of:", + "gold_answer": "Temporal bone", + "os_answer": " Mandibular fossa is a part of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "\u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce:", + "gold_answer": "Propionyl CoA", + "os_answer": " 1. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 2. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 3. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 4. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 5. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 6. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 7. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 8. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 9. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 10. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 11. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 12. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 13. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 14. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 15. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 16. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 17. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 18. \u03b2-oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids produce: 19. \u03b2-", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 years old boy came to emergency with complains of severe pain in right scrotum that is not relieved for the past 1 hour. On examination, testicular torsion of the right side is suspected. The surgical intervention should be:", + "gold_answer": "Immediate exploration of the affected side and operate opposite side even if asymptomatic", + "os_answer": "The testicular torsion is a rare condition and it is very difficult to diagnose.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Enzymes help by:", + "gold_answer": "Lowering the activation energy", + "os_answer": " Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help by: Enzymes help", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best biochemical description of glucose is?", + "gold_answer": "Its C-4 epimer is galactose", + "os_answer": "The glucose molecule is a sugar molecule. It is a sugar molecule.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres travel to otic ganglion from:", + "gold_answer": "Glossopharyngeal nerve", + "os_answer": "1. Otic ganglion. 2. Otic ganglion and facial nerve. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a non-diabetic high risk pregnancy the ideal time for non stress test monitoring is:", + "gold_answer": "72 hrs", + "os_answer": " The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress test monitoring is: The ideal time for non stress", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Age of preoperational stage is", + "gold_answer": "2-7 years", + "os_answer": "The preoperative stage is the stage before the operation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Patient presented to emergence after A with multiple rib fractures. He is conscious speaking single words. On examination, respiratory rate was 40/minute and BP was 90/40 mmHg. What is immediate next step?", + "gold_answer": "Needle inseion in 2nd intercostal space", + "os_answer": "The patient was admitted to ICU. The patient was intubated and ventilated. The patient was started on IV fluids and antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In class 2 inlay preparation, How should the pulpal floor be placed in comparison with pulpal floor in amalgam class 2 preparation?", + "gold_answer": "Pulpal floor for amalgam should be placed deeper in dentin", + "os_answer": " The pulpal floor should be placed in the same position as the pulp in the class 2 inlay preparation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The fourth root canal if present in a maxillary 1st molar\nis usually present in:", + "gold_answer": "Mesiobuccal", + "os_answer": " The fourth root canal if present in a maxillary 1st molar\nis usually present in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which drug causes flagellate pigmentation of skin?", + "gold_answer": "Bleomycin", + "os_answer": " Flagellate pigmentation of skin is caused by the drug.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which material undergoes hysteresis?", + "gold_answer": "Reversible hydrocolloid", + "os_answer": " The material that is in contact with the liquid. Question: Which material undergoes hysteresis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In 3rd nerve palsy all seen except?", + "gold_answer": "Pupil dilation", + "os_answer": " In 3rd nerve palsy all seen except.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Focal sclerosing osteomyelitis is:", + "gold_answer": "Due to low grade chronic infection", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Arch perimeter can be measured with", + "gold_answer": "Brass wire", + "os_answer": "The arch perimeter is the distance between the two points where the arch meets the ceiling. The arch perimeter is measured from the point where the arch meets the ceiling to the point where the arch meets the floor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ideal depth for root end filling with MTA is?", + "gold_answer": "3mm", + "os_answer": " The ideal depth for root end filling with MTA is 3 mm.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis usually occurs:", + "gold_answer": "Prior to age 10", + "os_answer": "Herpetic gingivostomatitis is a common viral infection of the mouth and throat. It is caused by a herpes virus. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a member of the herpes family. It is a common virus that causes cold sores, fever blisters, and mouth sores. Herpes simplex virus is a member of the herpes family.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young female presents to OPD with a spontaneous aboion and secondary amenorrhea since then. FSH was found to be 6 IU/mL. What is the most probable cause of amenorrhea?", + "gold_answer": "Uterine synechiae", + "os_answer": "The most probable cause of amenorrhea is the presence of a functional ovarian cyst. The most common cause of functional ovarian cysts is the presence of a functional ovarian cyst.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by:", + "gold_answer": "Lymphatics", + "os_answer": " The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral cancer is by: The most common route for metastasis of oral", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All the following are features of Addison's disease, EXCEPT:", + "gold_answer": "Hypocalcaemia", + "os_answer": " Addison's disease is a disease of the adrenal glands. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Electric nerve tester detects pain by stimulating which nerve fibres (OR) Sharp, shooting pain in reversible pulpitis indicates stimulation of (OR) In pulp hyperemia which nerve fibers are stimulated", + "gold_answer": "A delta", + "os_answer": "The nerve fibres that are stimulated are the ones that are in the pulp.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Who discovered the structure and amino acid sequence of insulin as well as the interspecies differences in molecular structure and won the Nobel prize for?", + "gold_answer": "Frederick Sanger", + "os_answer": " The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to the following scientists:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If rate of loading is decreased, the mechanical properties of material:", + "gold_answer": "Decreases", + "os_answer": " The mechanical properties of material are not changed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In relaxed state, chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at:", + "gold_answer": "FRC", + "os_answer": " 1. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 2. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 3. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 4. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 5. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 6. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 7. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 8. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 9. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 10. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 11. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 12. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 13. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 14. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 15. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 16. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 17. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 18. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 19. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 20. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 21. The chest wall and lung recoil are balanced at: 22. The chest", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 35 years old lady has chromosomal translocation 21/21. The risk of down syndrome in the child is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "100%", + "os_answer": "Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that is caused by a chromosome abnormality. The risk of Down syndrome in the child is 1 in 1,000.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Suganti Devi is 30 weeks pregnant with idiopathic cholestasis, is likely to present with following features except:", + "gold_answer": "Prolongation of prothrombin time", + "os_answer": "1. The baby is not in distress. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which syndrome consists of flushing, warmness and perspiration over the cheek and pinna of the ear on the side following the ingestion of highly seasoned food?", + "gold_answer": "Auriculotemporal syndrome", + "os_answer": "The syndrome is called \"flushing\" and is caused by the accumulation of fat in the body. The body is not able to remove the fat from the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The shape of the occlusal surface of the permanent maxillary first molar is:", + "gold_answer": "Rhomboidal", + "os_answer": "The occlusal surface of the permanent maxillary first molar is a convex surface.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presented with a steering wheel injury to the right side of chest with breathlessness and shock. How will you differentiate tension pneumothorax and cardiac tamponade?", + "gold_answer": "Breath sound", + "os_answer": " A myocardial infarction is a condition in which the heart muscle is damaged. A non-ischemic cardiomyopathy is a condition in which the heart muscle is not damaged. Question: A patient presented with a chest pain. How will you differentiate a myocardial infarction from a non-", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following causes vasodilation?", + "gold_answer": "Histamine", + "os_answer": " The following causes vasodilation:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A I 6-y ear-old girl presented with abdominal pain after administration of a sulfa drug. She was incoherent and suffered a seizure. Which of the following is the most likely possibility?", + "gold_answer": "Acute intermittent porphyria", + "os_answer": "A The patient had a history of epilepsy. The seizure was probably due to the sulfa drug.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Microdontia is most commonly seen affecting:", + "gold_answer": "Max. Lateral incisor", + "os_answer": " Tooth crowns, bridges, and dentures. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Condylar fracture which leads to disruption of TMJ anteriorly is an example of:", + "gold_answer": "Complex fracture", + "os_answer": "1. The condylar head is displaced anteriorly. 2. The condylar head is displaced posteriorly. 3. The condylar head is displaced anteriorly and posteriorly. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Inferior thyroid artery is a branch of :", + "gold_answer": "Thyrocervical trunk", + "os_answer": "The inferior thyroid artery is a branch of the thyroid artery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A person presented to OPD with complaints of rotatory veigo and nausea in the morning on change in position of the head. WHat is your diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "BPPV", + "os_answer": " A person presented to OPD with complaints of rotatory veigo and nausea in the morning on change in position of the head. WHat is your diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is an obligate intracellular parasite?", + "gold_answer": "Ehrlichia chaffeensis", + "os_answer": " *Plasmodium vivax* Question: Which of the following is an obligate intracellular parasite? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Portion of tooth covered by calculus or altered cementum is:", + "gold_answer": "Instrumentation zone", + "os_answer": " The calculus or altered cementum is the part of the tooth that is covered by the calculus or altered cementum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Annealing is also known as:", + "gold_answer": "Soft hardening treatment", + "os_answer": " Annealing is also known as:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fetal ECHO shows congenital hea block, what should be the mother screened for?", + "gold_answer": "SLE", + "os_answer": "Congenital hea block is a rare condition that occurs in about 1 in every 1,000 to 1,200 pregnancies. It is caused by a defect in the placenta that prevents the blood from flowing to the fetus. The condition is usually diagnosed during the first trimester of pregnancy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During exercise in physiological limits what is the effect on end systolic volume?", + "gold_answer": "ESV decreases", + "os_answer": "The end systolic volume is the volume of blood in the left ventricle at the end of diastole. The end systolic volume is the volume of blood in the left ventricle at the end of systole.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young girl hospitalised with anorexia nervosa is on treatment, Even after taking adequate food according to the recommended diet plan for last 1 week, there is no gain in weight, what is the next step in management:", + "gold_answer": "Observe patient for 2 hours after meal", + "os_answer": " The next step is to continue the treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "RBCs are stored at what temperature?", + "gold_answer": "2-6 degC", + "os_answer": " RBCs are stored at 4\u00b0C.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common complication during ridge split or bone spreading is", + "gold_answer": "Facial plate splitting", + "os_answer": " The most common complication during ridge split or bone spreading is infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Compression of bone is resisted by:", + "gold_answer": "Mineral component", + "os_answer": "The bone is not compressed. The bone is compressed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Golgi tendon organs detect:", + "gold_answer": "Muscle tension", + "os_answer": " The Golgi tendon organs detect the following:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A properly designed rest on lingual surface of a canine is preferred to a rest on incisal surface because:", + "gold_answer": "Less Leverage is exerted against the tooth by Lingual rest", + "os_answer": "The lingual surface is more stable than the incisal surface.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sequential order of sperm formation: Spermatogonia Spermatocyte Spermatids Spermatozoa", + "gold_answer": "1234", + "os_answer": "Spermatogonia are the first cells to form in the testes. Spermatocytes are the second cells to form. Spermatids are the third cells to form. Spermatozoa are the fourth cells to form. Spermatogenesis is the process of the formation of spermatozoa. Spermatogenesis is a process of the formation of spermatozoa.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Inlay wax is used to:", + "gold_answer": "Make inlay wax patterns", + "os_answer": "1. Prevent infection. 2. Prevent bleeding. 3. Prevent pain. 4. Prevent swelling. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "find false statement regarding sensory endings", + "gold_answer": "Annulospiral wrap the ends", + "os_answer": "The sensory endings are the sensory receptors. The sensory receptors are the sensory endings.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dentition of humans is:", + "gold_answer": "Omnivorous", + "os_answer": "The teeth are the only part of the body that are not covered by skin. The teeth are covered by a hard outer covering called the enamel. The enamel is made of a hard substance called dentin. The teeth are covered by a soft substance called the pulp. The pulp is made of a soft substance called the pulp. The teeth are covered by a hard substance called the enamel.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Glycogen synthesis and breakdown takes place in the same cell, having enzymes necessary for both the pathways. Why the glucose-6-phosphate, freshly synthesized during glycogenesis in cytoplasm of hepatocytes, is not immediately degraded by the enzyme glucose!6-phosphatase?", + "gold_answer": "Glucose-6-phosphatase is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and cannot act on glycogen formed in the cytoplasm", + "os_answer": "The glucose-6-phosphate is not immediately degraded by the enzyme glucose!6-phosphatase. The glucose-6-phosphate is first converted to glucose-1-phosphate by the enzyme glucose-1-phosphatase. The glucose-1-phosphate is then converted to glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. The glucose-6-phosphate is then converted to glucose-1-phosphate by the enzyme glucose-1-phosphatase.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tachycardia in a patient in shock is response to:", + "gold_answer": "CNS anoxia", + "os_answer": " Tachycardia in a patient in shock is response to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is not a branch of external carotid artery", + "gold_answer": "Ophthalmic artery", + "os_answer": " The external carotid artery. Question: Which of the following is not a branch of the internal carotid artery ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is NOT a socio-economic indicator?", + "gold_answer": "Life expectancy at birth", + "os_answer": " The number of people who are unemployed. Question: Which one of the following is NOT a socio-economic indicator? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "LA acts on nerve membrane by:", + "gold_answer": "Blocking conductance of Na+ from exterior to interior", + "os_answer": "1. Stimulating nerve membrane. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sudden death in a patient with an acute myocardial\ninfarction is most commonly due to", + "gold_answer": "Ventricular fibrillation", + "os_answer": "None", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pulmonary manifestation for inhalational anthrax", + "gold_answer": "Hemorrhagic mediastinitis", + "os_answer": "Pulmonary anthrax is a disease caused by inhalational anthrax bacteria. Pulmonary anthrax is a disease that is caused by inhalational anthrax bacteria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The inter radicular bone is:", + "gold_answer": "Cancellous", + "os_answer": " The inter radicular bone is the bone that connects the two sides of the mandible. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Investigation of choice for diagnosis of Zenker's diveiculum is:", + "gold_answer": "Barium swallow", + "os_answer": "The diagnosis of Zenker's diverticulum is made by the presence of a diverticulum in the diverticulum of the stomach. The diverticulum is a cavity in the wall of the stomach.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The bacteria of oral flora which plays least role in periodontitis is:", + "gold_answer": "Actinomyces", + "os_answer": " The bacteria of oral flora which plays least role in periodontitis is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cell membrane consists of:", + "gold_answer": "Lipids and proteins", + "os_answer": "Yes, the cell membrane is a lipid bilayer. The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient complains of numbness of lower lip. There is no history of tooth extraction . It could be:", + "gold_answer": "Metastatic neoplasia.", + "os_answer": "The patient has a history of tooth extraction.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lymph from lower lip-middle part drains directly into:", + "gold_answer": "Submental nodes", + "os_answer": " The lymphatic system.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Saliva is increased by:", + "gold_answer": "Cholinergic drugs", + "os_answer": " 1. Antibiotics 2. Antihistamines 3. Antihypertensives 4. Antihypertensive 5. Antihypertensive drugs 6. Antihypertensive drugs 7. Antihypertensive drugs 8. Antihypertensive drugs 9. Antihypertensive drugs 10. Antihypertensive drugs 11. Antihypertensive drugs 12. Antihypertensive drugs 13. Antihypertensive drugs 14. Antihypertensive drugs 15. Antihypertensive drugs 16. Antihypertensive drugs 17. Antihypertensive drugs 18. Antihypertensive drugs 19. Antihypertensive drugs 20. Antihypertensive drugs 21. Antihypertensive drugs 22. Antihypertensive drugs 23. Antihypertensive drugs 24. Antihypertensive drugs 25. Antihypertensive drugs 26. Antihypertensive drugs 27. Antihypertensive drugs 28. Antihypertensive drugs 29. Antihypertensive drugs 30. Antihypertensive drugs 31. Antihypertensive drugs 32. Antihypertensive drugs 33. Antihypert", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Inferior oblique muscle of the eye is responsible for all of the following, except:", + "gold_answer": "Downward rotation", + "os_answer": " The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for all of the following, except: The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Craniopagus is defined as fusion of:", + "gold_answer": "Head only", + "os_answer": " Craniopagus is defined as fusion of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "11 yr female in the school brought to principle by teacher that she is always crying unattentive not taking interest in any activity. On fuher investigation the girl told that she was inappropriately touched by her uncle at private pas at her home. Principle inform to whom ?", + "gold_answer": "Police", + "os_answer": "The girl was brought to the school by her uncle. The uncle was a teacher at the school.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mw vaccine is made from which bacteria?", + "gold_answer": "M. Indicus pranii", + "os_answer": " The vaccine is made from the bacteria that causes the disease. Question: What is the difference between the vaccine and the disease? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Wound that does not involve dermis is", + "gold_answer": "Abrasion", + "os_answer": " The wound is not a dermal wound.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not a dimorphic fungi?", + "gold_answer": "Pneumocystis jirovecii", + "os_answer": "The fungus is not a dimorphic fungus. The fungus is a fungus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If the interstitial hydrostatic pressure is 2 mm Hg, interstitial oncotic pressure is 7 mm Hg and capillary hydrostatic pressure is 25 mm Hg. What should be the capillary oncotic pressure to allow a net filtration pressure of 3 mm Hg?", + "gold_answer": "27", + "os_answer": " The capillary oncotic pressure should be 7 mm Hg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient was given ampicillin 2 g intravenously. After that, the person developed rash on skin, hypotension and difficulty in breathing. The patient should be managed by", + "gold_answer": "0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intramuscular route", + "os_answer": "The patient should be managed by the doctor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Interstitial fluid volume can be determined by:", + "gold_answer": "Radioactive sodium and radioactive labelled albumin", + "os_answer": "The interstitial fluid volume is the volume of fluid in the interstitial space.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 28 year old eclamptic woman develop convulsions.The first measure to be done is:", + "gold_answer": "Care of airway", + "os_answer": " The first measure to be done is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a coho study, to study association between factor and disease, the risk ratio was calculated to be equal to 1. What does this signifies?", + "gold_answer": "There is no association present between the factor and the disease", + "os_answer": " This means that the risk of developing the disease is equal to 1. What does this mean? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Minimum age of screening of osteoporosis:", + "gold_answer": "65 years", + "os_answer": "The minimum age of screening of osteoporosis is 50 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The total number of vertebrae present in the vertebral column are?", + "gold_answer": "34", + "os_answer": " The number of vertebrae present in the vertebral column is 12. Question: The number of vertebrae present in the vertebral column are? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a caries-free individual the saliva has:", + "gold_answer": "High buffering capacity for acids", + "os_answer": " The saliva has a pH of 7.0. Question: In a caries-free individual the saliva has: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Phallic stage of Freud corresponds to which of the following stages of Piaget", + "gold_answer": "Pre operational", + "os_answer": " Stage 1: The infant is in the stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the infantile stage of the", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common site of primary for intraocular metastasis is from-", + "gold_answer": "Breast", + "os_answer": " The most common site of primary for intraocular metastasis is from the lung.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cortex of lymph node contains:", + "gold_answer": "Lymphatic nodules", + "os_answer": " The cortex of lymph node contains:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Occluded submandibular salivary duct can be best observed by", + "gold_answer": "Sialography", + "os_answer": "The salivary duct is a tube that connects the submandibular gland to the oral cavity. It is located in the lower part of the neck.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In case of facial injuries with voluntary control lost over tongue, the best emergency treatment to prevent tongue from falling back is", + "gold_answer": "Towel clipping of Tongue", + "os_answer": " The best emergency treatment to prevent tongue from falling back is to apply a tongue-tie.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chances of ankyloses of mandibular molar which is autotransplanted depends on?", + "gold_answer": "Surgical extraction of molar", + "os_answer": "The chances of ankylosis of mandibular molar which is autotransplanted depends on the type of the mandibular molar.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a MO cavity prepared for inlay, mechanical advantage\nto prevent proximal displacement of the restoration is\nby establishing:", + "gold_answer": "Occlusal dovetail", + "os_answer": " The restoration is not displaced.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major drawback of pro-root MTA is its increased setting time which is decreased by addition of ?", + "gold_answer": "5% CaCl", + "os_answer": "The setting time of MTA is increased by the presence of calcium and phosphate ions.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An elderly male presents 2 months after renal trans-planatation with nephropathy. Which of the following can be a viral etiological agent?", + "gold_answer": "Polymoa virus BK", + "os_answer": "A. Adenovirus B. C. Cytomegalovirus. D. Herpes simplex virus. E.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Erythropoietin acts on:", + "gold_answer": "Burst forming unit (BFU)", + "os_answer": " Erythropoietin acts on:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Expansion of the contrast filled space in myelography is seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Intramedullary tumor", + "os_answer": " The contrast filled space is seen in the following cases:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Stainless steel orthodontic wire can be hardened by: (OR) Bending orthodontic wire at room temperature is an example of", + "gold_answer": "Work/ Strain hardening", + "os_answer": " (OR)", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A lady delivered a normal vaginal delivery and was discharged. On third day she came back with fever, tachycardia and seizures. Fundus showed papilledema with no focal deficits. What is the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Coical vein thrombosis", + "os_answer": "The most likely diagnosis is papilledema. The patient had a normal vaginal delivery and was discharged. She came back with fever, tachycardia and seizures. She had papilledema on fundus examination.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infeility in kaagener syndrome is due to which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Asthenozoospermia", + "os_answer": "1. The disease is due to a deficiency of vitamin B12. 2. The disease is due to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and a deficiency of vitamin B12. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Regeneration leads to formation of which layer of cementum:", + "gold_answer": "Acellular extrinsic fiber cementum", + "os_answer": " The layer of cementum that is formed on the surface of the bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which cells are decreased in chronic periodontitis?", + "gold_answer": "T-lymphocytes", + "os_answer": " The bacteria. Question: What is the treatment for periodontitis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma:", + "gold_answer": "Optic nerve invasion", + "os_answer": " The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retinoblastoma: The most common mode of spread of retin", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mechanism of adhesion of GIC restoration with tooth surface is by means of?", + "gold_answer": "Carboxyl group", + "os_answer": " The mechanism of adhesion of GIC restoration with tooth surface is by means of.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 year old child came to the OPD with pain and mass in right lumbar region with no fever, with right hip flexed. The pain increased on extension and X ray showed spine changes. Most probable diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Psoas abscess", + "os_answer": " Spondylodiscitis. The child was treated with antibiotics and analgesics. The pain subsided and the child was discharged. The child was followed up for 2 weeks and was doing well.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The process by which the amount of a drug in the body decreases after administration, but before entering the systemic circulation is called:", + "gold_answer": "First pass effect", + "os_answer": "The elimination half-life of a drug is the time it takes for half of the drug to be eliminated from the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Eugenol may be replaced in the zinc oxide eugenol cement by:", + "gold_answer": "Ortho-ethoxy acid", + "os_answer": " Yes, the eugenol cement can be replaced by zinc oxide eugenol cement.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cross-linking in resins helps increasing:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The cross-linking of the resin is the process of adding a cross-linking agent to the resin. The cross-linking agent is added to the resin to increase the strength of the resin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Nutrients are mainly absorbed in:", + "gold_answer": "Small intestine", + "os_answer": "The digestive system. Digestive system is the part of the body that processes food and absorbs nutrients.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "70-74.9% cephalic index indicates:", + "gold_answer": "Dolichocephalic", + "os_answer": " 70-74.9% cephalic index indicates: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most commonly used tooth numbering system in books is", + "gold_answer": "Universal system", + "os_answer": " The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\" The system of numbering teeth is called the \"numbering system of the teeth.\"", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child who has an avulsed tooth 1/2 hour back should\ncarry the tooth to the dentist in:", + "gold_answer": "Cold milk", + "os_answer": " The child should carry the tooth to the dentist in the same way that a\nchild carries a tooth to the dentist.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The term poikilokaryosis refers to", + "gold_answer": "Division of nuclei without division of cytoplasm", + "os_answer": "The term poikilokaryosis refers to the condition of having a bone that is not fully formed. The bone is not fully formed because it is not fully formed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Example of Dystrophic calcification-", + "gold_answer": "Myositis ossificans", + "os_answer": "The calcification is a result of the degeneration of the bone tissue. The bone tissue is the tissue that is responsible for the formation of the bones.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Autoinnoculation is seen with?", + "gold_answer": "Papilloma", + "os_answer": " Autoinnoculation is seen with?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A middle-aged man comes after a road traffic accident with bleeding from the scalp. He is unconscious. A card in his pocket reveals that he is a known diabetic on Tab Glimepiride + Metformin 2 tablets twice daily. What should the next step in management?", + "gold_answer": "Airway, CT scan. Blood sugar if <70 sta dextrose", + "os_answer": "The next step in management is to administer the insulin. The insulin is to be given in the form of a subcutaneous injection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mother to children's transmission is a key feature of which pattern of inheritance?", + "gold_answer": "Mitochondrial inheritance", + "os_answer": " The mother to children's transmission is a key feature of which pattern of inheritance?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sublingual tablet or sublingual GTN metered dose aerosol usually relieve angina in", + "gold_answer": "2-3 min", + "os_answer": "The answer is no.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 6\u2013month\u2013old infant presents to the 'diarrhoea clinic' unit with some dehydration. The most likely organism causing diarrhea is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Rotavirus", + "os_answer": " Giardia lamblia. The infant is treated with metronidazole and is discharged.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lip and mentalis muscle contraction are not seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Mature swallow", + "os_answer": " The muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not seen in the muscles are not", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most reliable method of recording centric relation", + "gold_answer": "Graphic tracing with excursive movements", + "os_answer": " The most reliable method of recording centric relation is to use the method of the eye. The method of the eye is the most reliable method of recording centric relation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Diagnosis of CI. Difficile infection is made by which of the following methods?", + "gold_answer": "Toxin gene detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)", + "os_answer": "A. Antibiotic therapy. B. Antibiotic therapy and surgery. C. Antibiotic therapy and surgery and surgery. D.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 37-year-old patient presented to you with hyper-extension of 4th and 5th metacarpophalangeal joint with flexion at proximal interphalangeal joint. This deformity is due to injury to:", + "gold_answer": "Deep branch of ulnar nerve", + "os_answer": "The patient had a fracture of the distal radius. The fracture was treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization. The patient was followed up for 6 months and then underwent open reduction and internal fixation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Myofunctional appliance is given at which stage:", + "gold_answer": "Mixed dentition", + "os_answer": " The medicine is given to the patient at the time of implantation. Question: What is the effect of the medicine on the body? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Model plaster (white) used to cast study models before mixing with water, is largely composed of:", + "gold_answer": "CaSO4\u00a0 \u2022 \u00bdH2O", + "os_answer": " The plaster is composed of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A female in labor ward was administered opioid analgesic. Which of the following drugs should be kept ready for emergency?", + "gold_answer": "Naloxone", + "os_answer": " Opioid analgesic. Question: Which of the following drugs should be kept ready for emergency? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "When we try to find out significance of difference in height of children between 2 classes in a school, which test is used?", + "gold_answer": "Unpaired test", + "os_answer": "The test is called \u201ctetrachoric correlation\u201d. It is used to find out the correlation between two variables. The test is used to find out the correlation between two variables.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "SPIKES protocol is used for:", + "gold_answer": "Communication with patients/attendants regarding bad news", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is used for: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following drugs is a P-glycoprotein inducer?", + "gold_answer": "Rifampicin", + "os_answer": " Doxorubicin. Question: Which of the following drugs is a P-glycoprotein inducer? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A male child presented with coarse facies, protuberant abdomen , frontal head enlargement, thickening of cardiac valve, hepatosplenomegaly, hearing impairement. What is the most probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Hunter's disease", + "os_answer": "The most probable diagnosis is a case of congenital heart disease. The child is a male child, aged 3 years and 6 months. He is a product of a non-consanguineous marriage. He has a history of recurrent respiratory infections, fever, and cough. He has a history of recurrent otitis media.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the most preferred route for drug administration in the management of chronic pain", + "gold_answer": "Oral", + "os_answer": "The most preferred route for drug administration in the management of chronic pain is oral.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Weber-Fechner law related to:", + "gold_answer": "Intensity of stimulus", + "os_answer": " The law of the inverse square law.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "White, spongy, folded thick mucosa is seen in", + "gold_answer": "White spongy nevus", + "os_answer": " The mucosa is white and thick.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Calculate net filtration pressure with the following data: PGC = 42 mm Hg pGC = 12 mm Hg PBC= 16 mm Hg Assume that no proteins were filtered.", + "gold_answer": "14 mm Hg", + "os_answer": " The pressure is: PGC = 42 mm Hg PGC = 12 mm Hg PBC = 16 mm Hg", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "While drilling an implant, bone necrosis occurs at what temperatures:", + "gold_answer": "45", + "os_answer": " Bone necrosis occurs at what temperatures?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Non radiographic method of working length determination:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The method of working length determination is based on the principle that the length of the shortest length of the bone is the length of the longest length of the bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most important factor in rapid progression of Bacteria resulting in pulpal necrosis is?", + "gold_answer": "Pulp vitality", + "os_answer": " The most important factor in rapid progression of Bacteria resulting in pulpal necrosis is?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following processes take place in mitochondria except:", + "gold_answer": "Fatty acid synthesis", + "os_answer": "1. The mitochondria are the power plants of the cell. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cephalometric analysis are used to evaluate growth changes by superimposing on:", + "gold_answer": "Sella - Nasion plane", + "os_answer": " The cephalometric analysis is used to evaluate growth changes by superimposing on the cephalometric analysis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Presented edema, oliguria and frothy urine. He has no past history of similar complaints. On examination, his urine was positive for 3+ proteinuria, no RBCs/WBCs and no casts. His serum albumin was 2.5 gm/L and serum creatinine was 0.5 mg/dL. The most likely diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Minimal change disease", + "os_answer": "1. Acute renal failure. 2. Acute tubular necrosis. 3. Acute interstitial nephritis. 4. Acute interstitial nephritis with acute tubular necrosis. 5. Acute interstitial nephritis with acute tubular necrosis and acute interstitial nephritis. 6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A parent is homozygous and a parent heterozygous for an autosomal recessive gene. What will be the outcome \u2013", + "gold_answer": "50% children affected, rest are carriers", + "os_answer": "The child will be born with a normal phenotype. The child will have a normal phenotype.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient on dental chair during extraction becomes unconscious; patient is breathing but not responsive. Your first step will be:", + "gold_answer": "Recline chair and shout for help and give oxygen", + "os_answer": "The patient is breathing but not responsive.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following structures is not present on the internal surface of mandible?", + "gold_answer": "Mental foramen", + "os_answer": " The mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of the following bones: the mandible is composed of", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A mother and her 4 year old son are seated alone in\na reception area with the child staring off into space,\nrocking and constantly twisting a strand of hair about\nhis fingers. Upon entry of another person, the child\nbegins to beat his fist against the side of his face and\nbehaves as though he does not hear his mother speaking\nto him. This behavior is most characteristic of:", + "gold_answer": "An autistic child", + "os_answer": "None", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "ZnPO4 setting time is 4-7 min. All of the following methods are employed to prolong its setting time except:", + "gold_answer": "Addition of drop of distilled water", + "os_answer": "1. Use of a ZnPO4 solution. 2. Use of a ZnPO4 solution with a pH of 4.3. 3. Use of a ZnPO4 solution with a pH of 4.3 and a temperature of 25\u00b0C. 4. Use of a ZnPO4 solution with a pH of 4.3 and a temperature of 25\u00b0C and a concentration of 0.5% (w/v). 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An abnormal resorption pattern in primary teeth, delayed\neruption of permanent teeth and a Large tongue are the\nfeatures of:", + "gold_answer": "Hypothyroidism", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are features of non paralytic polio except \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Absent deep tendon reflexes", + "os_answer": " All are features of non paralytic polio except \u2013 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In case of addition silicones what should be done for better cast", + "gold_answer": "Delay pouring of cast", + "os_answer": " In case of addition silicones what should be done for better cast.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "contractile part of intrafusal fibres", + "gold_answer": "Ends", + "os_answer": "the contractile part of the fibres is the part that is attached to the muscle. The part that is attached to the muscle is called the myofibril. The myofibril is the part that is attached to the muscle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The type of strain develop when force is applied perpendicular to surface", + "gold_answer": "Compressive strain", + "os_answer": " The strain is perpendicular to the surface.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Km value indicates:", + "gold_answer": "The substrate concentration at half maximal velocity", + "os_answer": " Km value indicates:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Majority of the syndromic craniosynosteses are associated with:", + "gold_answer": "FGFR mutations", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of syndromic craniosynosteses is: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cold agglutinin is", + "gold_answer": "IgM", + "os_answer": "The cold agglutinin is a protein that is produced by the body when it is exposed to cold temperatures. It is a protein that is found in the body and is produced by the body when it is exposed to cold temperatures.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Thiamine deficiency is assessed by:", + "gold_answer": "Erythrocyte transketolase activity", + "os_answer": " Thiamine deficiency is assessed by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cardiac dysarrythmia during extraction is caused by:", + "gold_answer": "TrigeminaL nerve", + "os_answer": "1. The patient has a heart murmur. 2. The patient has a heart murmur and a history of heart disease. 3. The patient has a heart murmur and a history of heart disease and a history of taking medicine. 4. The patient has a heart murmur and a history of taking medicine and a history of taking medicine. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A Pediatrician was called for attending a new born baby in the labour ward. The serum unconjugated bilirubin of this baby was 33 mg/dL. Which of the following drug taken by mother in late 3rd trimester may have lead to this problem?", + "gold_answer": "Cotrimoxazole", + "os_answer": "The mother was taking the following drug: Phenobarbital.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Syncope is usually caused by:", + "gold_answer": "Cerebral ischemia", + "os_answer": "Heart disease. Heart disease is the most common cause of syncope.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The enamel has no capacity of self \u2014repair because", + "gold_answer": "Its formative cells are lost once it is completely formed", + "os_answer": " The enamel has no capacity of self \u2014repair because the enamel is not self-repairing.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If resin is packed in sandy stage what will be seen in the processed denture?", + "gold_answer": "Porosity", + "os_answer": "The resin will be packed in sandy stage.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The speed with which the electrons travel from the\nfilament of cathode to the anode depends upon", + "gold_answer": "Potential difference between the two electrodes", + "os_answer": "The speed of electrons is dependent upon the\nvoltage applied to the filament. The voltage is dependent upon the current flowing through the\nfilament. The current is dependent upon the resistance of the filament. The resistance of the\nfilament is dependent upon the length of the filament. The length of the filament is dependent\nupon the distance between the cathode and the anode. The distance between the cathode and the\nanode is dependent upon the distance between the filament and the anode. The distance between the\nfilament and the anode is dependent upon the distance between the cathode and the anode. The\ndistance between the cathode and the anode is dependent upon the distance between the filament\nand the anode. The distance between the cathode and the anode is dependent upon the distance\nbetween the filament and the anode. The distance between the cathode and the anode is dependent\nupon the distance between the filament and the anode.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Recurrent abdominal pain in children in most often due to \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Emotional/behavioural problems", + "os_answer": "I am a doctor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with suspected cardiac tamponade presents to the AIIMS emergency. You are asked to monitor BP of this patient. All the following precautions should be taken except:", + "gold_answer": "The cuff should be slowly deflated until the first Korotkoff sound is heard only during expiration", + "os_answer": "A. The patient should be monitored for BP and pulse. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An asymptomatic tooth has deep caries on occlusal surface. Radiograph shows radiopaque mass at apex of the tooth; this mass is most likely to be:", + "gold_answer": "Condensing osteitis", + "os_answer": " a) a cyst; b) a tumor; c) a foreign body; d) a foreign body in the mouth; e) a foreign body in the body; f) a foreign body in the body; g) a foreign body in the body; h) a foreign body in the body; i) a foreign body in the body; j) a foreign body in the body; k) a foreign body in the body; l) a foreign body in the body; m) a foreign body in the body; n) a foreign body in the body; o) a foreign body in the body; p) a foreign body in the body; q) a foreign body in the body; r) a foreign body in the body; s) a foreign body in the body; t) a foreign body in the body; u) a foreign body in the body; v) a foreign body in the body; w) a foreign body in the body; x) a foreign body in the body; y) a foreign body in the body; z) a foreign body in the body; a) a foreign body in the body; b) a foreign body in the body; c) a foreign body in the body; d) a foreign body", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best diagnostic investigation for acute appendicitis in children is:", + "gold_answer": "USG", + "os_answer": " A. Ultrasound. B. CT scan. C. MRI. D. USG.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to piagets, the period of pre operational stage is:", + "gold_answer": "2-6 years.", + "os_answer": " The period of pre operational stage is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Increase in muscle mass at adolescence is probably caused by \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Growth harmone", + "os_answer": " The increase in muscle mass at adolescence is probably caused by \u2013 Question: What is the cause of the increase in muscle mass at adolescence? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Epidemiological surveillance is defined as", + "gold_answer": "passive surveillance", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hydrocephalus is best detected antenately by:", + "gold_answer": "Ultrasonography", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of hydrocephalus is a congenital defect of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If the pulp of the single rooted canal is triangular in cross-section with the base of the triangle located facially and apex located lingually with the mesial arm longer than the distal, the tooth is most likely:", + "gold_answer": "Max. central incisor", + "os_answer": " a) a molar; b) a premolar; c) a mandibular molar; d) a mandibular incisor; e) a mandibular canine; f) a mandibular premolar; g) a mandibular incisor; h) a mandibular premolar; i) a mandibular incisor; j) a mandibular incisor; k) a mandibular incisor; l) a mandibular incisor; m) a mandibular incisor; n) a mandibular incisor; o) a mandibular incisor; p) a mandibular incisor; q) a mandibular incisor; r) a mandibular incisor; s) a mandibular incisor; t) a mandibular incisor; u) a mandibular incisor; v) a mandibular incisor; w) a mandibular incisor; x) a mandibular incisor; y) a mandibular incisor; z) a mandibular incisor; a) a mandibular incisor", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Slow wave potential originates in which pa of intestine:", + "gold_answer": "Interstitial cells of Cajal", + "os_answer": "The slow wave potential originates in the proximal part of the small intestine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Good contacts in primary teeth with lack of spacing predicts?", + "gold_answer": "Crowding in permanent teeth", + "os_answer": " Good contacts in primary teeth with lack of spacing predicts?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Determining level of fluoride in community water fluoridation programme depends on:", + "gold_answer": "Mean annual temperature of the place", + "os_answer": "The level of fluoride in the water is determined by the fluoride concentration in the water. The fluoride concentration in the water is determined by the fluoride concentration in the water.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 35 years old male comes with complain of baldness. On examination, well-defined bald patches were seen with no scarring. Small broken hairs were seen in the surrounding area. What is the likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Alopecia areata", + "os_answer": "The most likely diagnosis is a follicular nevus. The hair follicles are normal in size and shape. The hair follicles are not broken.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Incomplete casting is the result of", + "gold_answer": "Narrow sprue diameter", + "os_answer": " The cast is incomplete.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The occlusal clearance of an onlay is best detected by:", + "gold_answer": "Wax chew-in", + "os_answer": " The occlusal clearance of an onlay is best detected by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The probability of a test detecting a truly positive person from the population of diseased is the", + "gold_answer": "Sensitivity of the test", + "os_answer": " 0.5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chronic mercury toxicity results from:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "Mercury is a heavy metal that is toxic to humans. It is a poison that can cause serious health problems. It is a heavy metal that is toxic to humans.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Suitable\ttechnique\tused\tfor\tdiagnosis\tof\tposterior\ninterproximal caries in children", + "gold_answer": "Bite wing with RVG", + "os_answer": " The\ttechnique\tused\tfor\tdiagnosis\tof\tposterior\tinterproximal\tcaries\tin\tchildren\tis\tto\tuse\ta\tcombination\tof\tthe\tfollowing\ttechniques:\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dentin is composed of", + "gold_answer": "70% inorganic", + "os_answer": "dentin is a hard, mineralized substance that is found in the teeth. It is a hard, tough substance that is found in the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The optimal time to employ an orthodontic appliance that takes advantage of growth is during:", + "gold_answer": "Late mixed dentition", + "os_answer": " The optimal time to employ an orthodontic appliance that takes advantage of growth is during:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Guiding planes on abutment teeth provide:", + "gold_answer": "Predictable clasp retention", + "os_answer": "The abutment teeth are the teeth that are closest to the bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient's lab value of Na+ 137, K+4, Urea 54, Bicarbonate 15, Phosphate 3, Chloride 110, Calcium 10. Calculate the Anion gap?", + "gold_answer": "12", + "os_answer": " The patient's lab value of Na+ 137, K+4, Urea 54, Bicarbonate 15, Phosphate 3, Chloride 110, Calcium 10.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following intravenous anesthetic agents is contraindicated in epileptic patients posted for general anaesthesia", + "gold_answer": "Ketamine", + "os_answer": " Nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Question: Which of the following is the most common side effect of propofol? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What does the red cell distribution width represents?", + "gold_answer": "Anisocytosis", + "os_answer": "The red cell distribution width is a measure of the width of the red blood cell distribution.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sublingual salivary gland lies:", + "gold_answer": "Superior to mylohyoid", + "os_answer": "The sublingual gland is a small gland located in the tongue. It is located in the sublingual area of the tongue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is primarily located in", + "gold_answer": "Lamina propria", + "os_answer": " the small intestine. The small intestine is divided into two parts, the duodenum and the jejunum. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine, and the jejunum is the second part. The small intestine is divided into three parts, the ileum, the colon, and the rectum. The ileum is the first part of the small intestine, and the colon is the second part. The ileum is divided into three parts, the ascending, the transverse, and the descending. The ascending is the first part of the small intestine, and the transverse is the second part. The ileum is divided into three parts, the sigmoid, the descending, and the rectum. The sigmoid is the first part of the small intestine, and the descending is the second part. The sigmoid is divided into three parts, the left colon, the right colon, and the rectum. The left colon is the first part of the small intestine, and the right colon is the second part. The rectum is divided into three parts, the left colon, the right colon, and the anal canal. The left colon is the first part of the small intestine, and the right colon", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with acute pulpitis, it is difficult for the patient to locate the pain. This is because?", + "gold_answer": "Less proprioceptors are present in the pulp", + "os_answer": "The patient is unable to locate the pain because the pain is located in the pulp.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In an adult, the spinal cord ends at the level of:", + "gold_answer": "Lower border of L1", + "os_answer": " The spinal cord ends at the level of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Upper 1st premolar resembles upper 2nd premolar from which aspect", + "gold_answer": "Lingual", + "os_answer": " Upper 1st premolar resembles upper 2nd premolar from which aspect?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To prevent porosity in dental porcelain it should be\nbaked:", + "gold_answer": "In vacuum", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of simple endometrial hyperplasia with atypia in 45 yr female:", + "gold_answer": "Hysterectomy", + "os_answer": "The patient was treated with oral contraceptives for 5 yr. The patient was followed up for 5 yr and the endometrial hyperplasia was not seen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The highest (longest) and sharpest cusp on the deciduous mandibular first molar is:", + "gold_answer": "Mesiolingual", + "os_answer": " The highest (longest) and sharpest cusp on the deciduous mandibular first molar is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Calcification of roots of deciduous teeth is completed by:", + "gold_answer": "4 years", + "os_answer": " The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The calcification of the roots of deciduous teeth is completed by: The", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In which one of the following mixed dentition analysis of deciduous dentition, there is no use of radiographs?", + "gold_answer": "Moyer's analysis", + "os_answer": " In which one of the following mixed dentition analysis of deciduous dentition, there is no use of radiographs?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An intubated patient with eye opening to pain with abnormal flexion. What is the GCS score?", + "gold_answer": "E2VNTM3", + "os_answer": "The GCS score is the Glasgow Coma Scale score.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a male after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the specimen is sent for histopathology which shows carcinoma gallbladder stage T1a. What is the most appropriate management in this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Simple cholecystectomy", + "os_answer": " The most appropriate management is to perform a cholecystectomy. The patient should be followed up for a period of 6 months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mechanism of action of chlortetracycline:", + "gold_answer": "Inhibition of protein synthesis", + "os_answer": "Chlortetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is used to treat infections caused by bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics. It is also used to treat infections caused by bacteria that are resistant to other tetracyclines. It is used to treat infections caused by bacteria that are resistant to other tetracyclines.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A glass factory worker presented with complaints of numbness in hands and feet, generalized weakness and constipation. Radiograph showed linear lines on metaphyses of knee and wrist joints. How will you diagnose this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Amino levulinic acid levels in urine", + "os_answer": " The patient was diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The patient was treated with NSAIDs and analgesics. The patient was discharged with instructions to follow up with the doctor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Non-visualization of gallbladder in hepatic scintigraphy is suggestive of:", + "gold_answer": "Acute cholecystitis due to gallstones", + "os_answer": "Gallbladder disease. Gallbladder disease is a common cause of abdominal pain and is often associated with jaundice. Gallbladder disease is usually diagnosed by ultrasound, but it can also be diagnosed by other imaging techniques such as CT or MRI. Gallbladder disease is usually treated with cholecystectomy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bismuth Oxide incorporated in MTA results in grey discolouration of crown. In newer material this Bismuth Oxide is replaced with?", + "gold_answer": "Tantalam Oxide", + "os_answer": "Bismuth Oxide is a white powder. It is used to replace the grey discolouration of the crown. It is not a substitute for the crown.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most appropriate method of isolation during tooth preparation in vital tooth:", + "gold_answer": "Isolation with rubber dam", + "os_answer": " The most appropriate method of isolation during tooth preparation in vital tooth is the use of a rubber dam.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child presents with abdominal colic and hematuria on ultrasonography a stone 2.5 cm in diameter is seen in the renal pelvis. The next step in management of this case is :", + "gold_answer": "ESWL", + "os_answer": "The child is to be treated with a trial of antibiotics. The child is to be followed up for a period of 3 months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is not used in polymerase chain reaction?", + "gold_answer": "Dideoxyribonucleotides", + "os_answer": " DNA sequencing. Question: Which of the following is not used in DNA sequencing? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Imaginary line joining MB1, Distal and Palatal orifices in maxillary 1st molar forms", + "gold_answer": "Molar Triangle", + "os_answer": "The imaginary line joining MB1, Distal and Palatal orifices in maxillary 1st molar forms is a line that passes through the center of the maxillary 1st molar.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the approved dose of misoprostol in emergent management of postpaum hemorrhage?", + "gold_answer": "600 mcg", + "os_answer": " The recommended dose of misoprostol is 200 mcg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia type II is due to deficiency of:", + "gold_answer": "Apoprotein B-100", + "os_answer": " The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Binding of Eukaryotic mRNA to Ribosomes is facilitated by", + "gold_answer": "Capping", + "os_answer": "The binding of mRNA to ribosomes is facilitated by the presence of a small hydrophobic pocket in the ribosome that is formed by the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the aminoacyl-tRNA. The pocket is formed by the rRNA and the aminoacyl-tRNA. The aminoacyl-tRNA is bound to the ribosome by a peptide bond.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 5-year-old child from a rural area presented to the OPD with pustular lesions on the lower legs. The cuture from the lesion showed hemolytic colonies on the blood agar which were Gram-positive cocci. Which of the following reactions would help to provisionally confirm the diagnosis of group A streptococcal pyoderma?", + "gold_answer": "Bacitracin sensitivity", + "os_answer": "A. The hemolytic colonies on the blood agar are Gram-positive cocci. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Centre of activity of autonomic nervous system is:", + "gold_answer": "Hypothalamus", + "os_answer": "The centre of activity of the autonomic nervous system is the heart. The heart is the centre of activity of the autonomic nervous system.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells found in pulp are:", + "gold_answer": "Multipotent", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In postductal coarctation of the aorta, blood flow to the lower limb is maintained through which of the following arteries \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Intercostal arteries and superior epigastric artery", + "os_answer": " The anterior tibial artery.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Absence of which of the following milestone in 3 yr old chitd is called delayed development?", + "gold_answer": "Feeding by spoon", + "os_answer": " The first milestone is called the first day of life. The second milestone is called the first month of life. The third milestone is called the first year of life. The fourth milestone is called the first month of the second year of life. The fifth milestone is called the first month of the third year of life. The sixth milestone is called the first month of the fourth year of life. The seventh milestone is called the first month of the fifth year of life. The eighth milestone is called the first month of the sixth year of life. The ninth milestone is called the first month of the seventh year of life. The tenth milestone is called the first month of the eighth year of life. The eleventh milestone is called the first month of the ninth year of life. The twelfth milestone is called the first month of the tenth year of life. The thirteenth milestone is called the first month of the eleventh year of life. The fourteenth milestone is called the first month of the twelfth year of life. The fifteenth milestone is called the first month of the thirteenth year of life. The sixteenth milestone is called the first month of the fifteenth year of life. The seventeenth milestone is called the first month of the sixteenth year of life", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Distal palatal termination of the maxillary complete denture base is dictated by the:", + "gold_answer": "Vibrating line", + "os_answer": " The maxillary complete denture base is dictated by the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hepcidin inhibits which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Ferropoin", + "os_answer": " Hepcidin inhibits the production of which of the following? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The weakest part of the pharynx is", + "gold_answer": "Between thyropharyngeal and cricopharyngeal sphincter", + "os_answer": "The pharynx is the part of the throat that is closest to the windpipe.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After I.V. administration of which of the following anesthetic agent, there is rapid recovery and less headedness?", + "gold_answer": "Propofol", + "os_answer": " I.V.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is associated with HIV infection", + "gold_answer": "Hairy leukoplakia", + "os_answer": " The virus is associated with the following diseases: AIDS, tuberculosis, and leprosy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In aerial blood gas analysis of a patient with pCO2- 30, p02-115 and pH-7.45, patient has compensated:", + "gold_answer": "Respiratory alkalosis", + "os_answer": "The patient has compensated for the acidosis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Flow of a material refers to:", + "gold_answer": "Continued change of the material under a given load", + "os_answer": " A liquid is a substance that is in motion. Question: What is the difference between a liquid and a gas? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During which stage of tooth formation the size of the tooth is determined?", + "gold_answer": "Morpho differentiation", + "os_answer": " The enamel is the protective layer of the tooth. Question: What is the function of the enamel? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Adeno ameloblastoma treatment", + "gold_answer": "Enucleation", + "os_answer": "The tumor is a benign tumor that is not malignant. It is a benign tumor that is not malignant.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 30 year old female is on antibiotics with prolonged IV cannulation, has spike of fever, the likely cause is :", + "gold_answer": "Coagulase negative staphylococcus", + "os_answer": "Fever is a common symptom of infection. Fever is a symptom of infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is a gypsum product?", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " A gypsum product is a product that is made from a mixture of calcium sulfate and gypsum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In hemorrhagic shock, hypotension occurs when blood loss is more than:", + "gold_answer": "More than 40%", + "os_answer": " 1. Blood loss is less than 1.5 liters. 2. Blood loss is less than 2.5 liters. 3. Blood loss is less than 3.5 liters. 4. Blood loss is less than 4.5 liters. 5. Blood loss is less than 5.5 liters. 6. Blood loss is less than 6.5 liters. 7. Blood loss is less than 7.5 liters. 8. Blood loss is less than 8.5 liters. 9. Blood loss is less than 9.5 liters. 10. Blood loss is less than 10.5 liters. 11. Blood loss is less than 11.5 liters. 12. Blood loss is less than 12.5 liters. 13. Blood loss is less than 13.5 liters. 14. Blood loss is less than 14.5 liters. 15. Blood loss is less than 15.5 liters. 16. Blood loss is less than 16.5 liters. 17. Blood loss is less than 17.5 liters. 18. Blood loss is less than 18.5 liters. 19. Blood loss is less than 19.5 liters. 20. Blood loss is less than 20.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best test that shows the integrity of intrinsic pathway of clotting mechanism", + "gold_answer": "aPTT", + "os_answer": "The clotting time is the time it takes for the blood to clot. The clotting time is measured by a blood test.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Alginate impression material is similar to agar-agar impression material in the following respect:", + "gold_answer": "Deformation during removal of impression occurs due to distortion of gel. fibers", + "os_answer": "Agar-agar is a gel-like material. It is used for making impressions of the surface of the body. Alginate is a gel-like material.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Immediate treatment of CSF Rhinorrhoea requires-", + "gold_answer": "Antibiotics and observation", + "os_answer": "The treatment of CSF rhinorrhea is the same as for CSF rhinorrhea.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Interdental papilla protruding from the rubber dam, most common cause is", + "gold_answer": "Punch are placed too close", + "os_answer": "The interdental papilla is a small, round, smooth, and flat, and it is located between the teeth. It is a small, round, smooth, and flat, and it is located between the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with Suspected Poisoning with meiosis, Increased Bronchial Secretions & salivation from Angle of mouth. What type of Antidote is to be Given.", + "gold_answer": "Atropine", + "os_answer": "The patient should be given a dose of Antidote in the form of a tablet.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cells with greatest affinity to bisphosphonates are:", + "gold_answer": "Osteoclasts", + "os_answer": " The cells with greatest affinity to bisphosphonates are:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The radiographic view of choice for demonstrating a nasal fracture is:", + "gold_answer": "True lateral", + "os_answer": " The most common cause of nasal fracture is a fall from a height. Question: What is the most common cause of nasal fracture? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An oral hypoglycemic agent is:", + "gold_answer": "Glibeneclamide", + "os_answer": "Hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is a condition in which the blood glucose level is too low to sustain life. Hypoglycemia is a medical emergency that requires immediate medical attention. Hypoglycemia can occur in people with diabetes, but it can also occur in people without diabetes. Hypoglycemia can occur in people with diabetes who are not taking insulin, or in people with diabetes who are taking insulin. Hypoglycemia can occur in people with diabetes who are taking insulin, or in people with diabetes who are not taking insulin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dentin conditioner has the following function.", + "gold_answer": "Removes smear layer", + "os_answer": "Dentin conditioner is a product that is used to improve the condition of teeth. It is a product that is used to improve the condition of teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient underwent extraction of 3rd molar experiences pain in socket on 3rd day; socket is tender with no fever and swelling: what treatment should be done", + "gold_answer": "Irrigation of socket with sedative placement and analgesic", + "os_answer": " The patient should be treated with antibiotics.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which among the following is not a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy?", + "gold_answer": "Obesity", + "os_answer": "1. Age. 2. Diabetes mellitus. 3. Hypertension. 4. Smoking. 5. Alcohol. 6. Family history of nephropathy. 7. History of hypertension. 8. History of diabetes mellitus. 9. History of smoking. 10. History of alcohol. 11. History of family history of nephropathy. 12.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A hypeensive patient was on metoprolol treatment. Verapamil was added to the therapy of this patient. This can result in", + "gold_answer": "Bradycardia with AV block", + "os_answer": "The patient was on metoprolol treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Example of synarthroses is / are:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above.", + "os_answer": "Synarthroses are a type of arthritis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following antibiotics is most frequently associated with pseudomembranous colitis?", + "gold_answer": "Clindamycin", + "os_answer": " Crohn's disease. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of pseudomembranous colitis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Finishing and Polishing of Amalgam make the restoration:", + "gold_answer": "Increase in tarnish and corrosion resistance", + "os_answer": "The restoration of the teeth is done by the dentist. The dentist will finish the restoration and polish the teeth. The dentist will polish the teeth by using a special polishing material.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2 year old boy has vitamin D refractory rickets. Investigations show serum calcium 9 mg/dl. Phosphate 2.4 mg dl, alkaline phosphate 1040 parathyroid hormone and bicarbonate levels are normal. The most probable diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Hypophosphatemic rickets.", + "os_answer": " Vitamin D deficiency. The most probable diagnosis is \u2013 ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to WHO, anemia in pregnancy is diagnosed, when hemoglobin is less than:", + "gold_answer": "11.0 gm%", + "os_answer": " 1.5 g/dl. 2.5 g/dl. 3.5 g/dl. 4.5 g/dl. 5.5 g/dl. 6.5 g/dl. 7.5 g/dl. 8.5 g/dl. 9.5 g/dl. 10.5 g/dl. 11.5 g/dl. 12.5 g/dl. 13.5 g/dl. 14.5 g/dl. 15.5 g/dl. 16.5 g/dl. 17.5 g/dl. 18.5 g/dl. 19.5 g/dl. 20.5 g/dl. 21.5 g/dl. 22.5 g/dl. 23.5 g/dl. 24.5 g/dl. 25.5 g/dl. 26.5 g/dl. 27.5 g/dl. 28.5 g/dl. 29.5 g/dl. 30.5 g/dl. 31.5 g/dl. 32.5 g/dl. 33.5 g/dl. 34.5 g/dl. 35.5 g/dl. 36.5 g/dl. 37.5 g", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "VLDL is synthesised in", + "gold_answer": "Liver", + "os_answer": " VLDL is synthesised in ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Magnesium deficiency has been reported as an etiological cause for:", + "gold_answer": "Bruxism.", + "os_answer": " Magnesium deficiency has been reported as an etiological cause for:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In determining the posterior Limit of a maxillary denture base, which of the following is on the posterior border?", + "gold_answer": "Hamular notch", + "os_answer": " The posterior border of the maxillary denture base is the border of the maxillary denture base that is located on the posterior side of the maxillary denture base. Question: In determining the posterior Limit of a maxillary denture base, which of the following is on the posterior border? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Asseion - Distal pole of scaphoid goes to avascular necrosis after scaphoid fracture.Reason- Blood supply of scaphoid is from distal to proximal.", + "gold_answer": "Reason is true but asseion is false", + "os_answer": " Blood supply of scaphoid is from distal to proximal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In the management of anaphylaxis, which action of adrenaline is not observed?", + "gold_answer": "Action on presynaptic alpha-receptors", + "os_answer": " Adrenaline is not used in the management of anaphylaxis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Normally Maxillary first molar has", + "gold_answer": "3 roots and 3 canals", + "os_answer": "The first molar is the most important tooth in the mouth. It is the tooth that is most likely to be broken.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mark true or false among the following:Content 's of Carotid Sheath areA. Internal jugular veini) trueii) falseB. Cervical sympathetic trunki) trueii) falseC. Vagus nervei) trueii) falseD. Internal carotid aeryi) trueii) falseE. Deep cervical lymph nodesi) trueii) false", + "gold_answer": "A. i) B. ii) C. i) D. i) E. i)", + "os_answer": " D. Internal carotid aeryi) trueii) false ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Normal Curvature seen in Lumbar", + "gold_answer": "Lordosis", + "os_answer": " Normal curvature seen in Lumbar", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 50 years old patient presented with progressive jaundice. Liver function test was done in which conju!gated serum bilirubin-4.8% and total bilirubin-6.7%, alkaline phosphatase- 550 IU, SGOT-50, SGPT-65. Most probable diagnosis is;", + "gold_answer": "Jaundice due to choledocholithiasis", + "os_answer": " Liver cirrhosis. Question: A 50 years old patient presented with jaundice. Liver function test was done in which conjugated serum bilirubin-4.8% and total bilirubin-6.7%, alkaline phosphatase- 550 IU, SGOT-50, SGPT-65. Most probable diagnosis is; ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the most common site for congenital cholesteatoma", + "gold_answer": "Anterior superior quadrant of tympanic membrane", + "os_answer": " The most common site for congenital cholesteatoma is the middle ear.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Iodine is primarily important in the biochemical synthesis of:", + "gold_answer": "Thyroxine", + "os_answer": " Iodine is primarily important in the biochemical synthesis of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The maximum shrinkage during firing process in ceramic occurs in:", + "gold_answer": "Medium Bisque stage", + "os_answer": "1. The ceramic is fired at a temperature of about 1200\u00b0C. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Segmentation of blood in blood vessel after death is known as:", + "gold_answer": "Kevorkian sign", + "os_answer": "The blood is divided into two parts: The first part is called the arterial blood, and the second part is called the venous blood. The arterial blood is the blood that flows from the heart to the arteries. The venous blood is the blood that flows from the heart to the veins. The arterial blood is the blood that flows from the arteries to the heart. The venous blood is the blood that flows from the veins to the heart.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If Patient is identified with Hepatitis B positive, after treatment what should be done with instrument", + "gold_answer": "Instruments should be washed and sent for autoclave", + "os_answer": " If patient is identified with Hepatitis B positive, after treatment what should be done with instrument?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which type of radiation effect results in radiation induced thyroid cancer?", + "gold_answer": "Somatic", + "os_answer": "The type of radiation effect that results in radiation induced thyroid cancer is called radiation induced thyroid cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 5 years old child brought to the hospital with history of loose stools but no history of fever or blood in stools. Mother says he is irritable and drinks water hastily when given. On examination eyes are sunken and in skin pinch test, the skin retracted within two seconds but not immediately. What is the treatment for this child?", + "gold_answer": "Give Zinc supplementation and oral rehydration solution only and ask mother to come back if some danger signs develop", + "os_answer": "The child should be kept under observation for a few days. The child should be given a dose of anti-inflammatory drugs and a dose of anti-diarrheal drugs.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Basophils are activated by", + "gold_answer": "Cell fixed Ig E", + "os_answer": " The basophils are activated by the presence of the antigen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In class II malocclusion, ANB angle is", + "gold_answer": "Greater than normal", + "os_answer": " In class II malocclusion, ANB angle is greater than 90\u00b0.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "To establish the diagnosis of H-type trachea-esophageal fistula, which if the following is required?", + "gold_answer": "Tracheo-bronchoscopy", + "os_answer": "The patient should be examined for the presence of a tracheal-esophageal fistula.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause for nose bleeding is-", + "gold_answer": "Trauma to little's area", + "os_answer": "It is a common cause of nose bleeding. It is caused by the blood vessels in the nose being constricted. The nose is a small blood vessel that is located in the nose.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An adolescent school girl complaints of dropping objects from hands, it gets precipitated during morning and during exams. There is no history of loss of consciousness and her cousin sister has been diagnosed with epilepsy. EEG was done and was suggestive of epileptic spikes. What is the diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy", + "os_answer": "Epileptic seizures are a common neurological disorder in children. They are characterized by sudden, brief, and recurrent seizures. The seizures are usually brief and occur in clusters. The seizures are usually of brief duration and are often of brief duration.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "46.\tA 9 year old child has increased Horizontal anterior bone loss, less cementum and on test shows excretion of phosphoethanolamine in the urine. The child is suffering from.", + "gold_answer": "Hypophosphatasia", + "os_answer": " 46.\tA 9 year old child has increased Horizontal anterior bone loss, less cementum and on test shows excretion of phosphoethanolamine in the urine. The child is suffering from. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 3 year old child has a fever of 102 degrees F; and\nfollowing upper respiratory tract infection discrete vesicles and ulcers on the soft plate and pharynx are noted. The most probable diagnosis is", + "gold_answer": "Herpangina", + "os_answer": "The child has a viral infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acrocephaly is also known as:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above.", + "os_answer": " Acrocephaly is also known as:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The reverse bevel incision is made to:", + "gold_answer": "Remove the infected tissue in the sulcus.", + "os_answer": " The reverse bevel incision is made to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What does forward scatter in flow cytometry used to assess?", + "gold_answer": "Cell size", + "os_answer": "Forward scatter is a measure of the size of the particles in a sample. It is a measure of the number of particles in a sample. It is a measure of the size of the particles in a sample.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which inflammatory mediator involve in intracellular killing of microbes?", + "gold_answer": "Lysozyme", + "os_answer": " IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, TNF-\u03b1, and IFN-\u03b3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most effective, scientifically proven and cost efficient caries prevention program in children is:", + "gold_answer": "Pit and fissure sealants", + "os_answer": " The most effective, scientifically proven and cost efficient caries prevention program in children is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 24 years old college student while playing hockey injured his right knee. This patient presents after 3 months with instability of knee joint in it full extension without instability at 90 degree of flexion. The structure most commonly damaged is:", + "gold_answer": "Posterolatilal pa of anterior cruciate ligament", + "os_answer": "The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most common ligament injury in sports. The ACL is a strong ligament that is located in the front of the knee.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Drug of choice for scrub typhus is:", + "gold_answer": "Doxycycline", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "VLDL is concerned with:", + "gold_answer": "Delivery of endogenous FA to extrahepatic tissue", + "os_answer": " VLDL is concerned with:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Malignant pustule is referred to:", + "gold_answer": "Cutaneous anthrax", + "os_answer": "The term \"malignant pustule\" is used to describe a condition in which the skin is inflamed and red. The term \"malignant pustule\" is also used to describe a condition in which the skin is inflamed and red.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Surveyor is used on master cast to:", + "gold_answer": "Locate undercuts to be used for retention or to be blocked out", + "os_answer": " The surveyor is used on master cast to: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cyst of parasite seen in stool microscopy. What is the organism?", + "gold_answer": "Giardia lambia", + "os_answer": " Cyst of parasite seen in stool microscopy. What is the organism?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Active form of vitamin D in kidney is:", + "gold_answer": "1, 25 dihydroxy cholecalciferol", + "os_answer": " Vitamin D3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The drug for choice for treatment of infection\ninvolving\tnon-penicillinase\tproducing\nstaphylococcus is:", + "gold_answer": "Penicillin G", + "os_answer": " Penicillin.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Before pouring an elastic impression, it is washed with slurry of water and stone to:", + "gold_answer": "Wash off saliva on impression", + "os_answer": "The water and stone are used to remove the dust and dirt from the impression. The slurry is used to remove the dust and dirt from the impression.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cleaning of files in between of endodontic treatment is done by:", + "gold_answer": "Gauze soaked in hypochlorite solution", + "os_answer": " The files are cleaned by the endodontist. Question: What is the difference between: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 year old child presented with headache, vomiting, gait instability and diplopia. On examination he had papilledema and gait ataxia. The most probable diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Midline posterior fossa tumour", + "os_answer": " Diplopia. The child was treated with steroids and the diplopia resolved.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Amount of heat that is required to change boiling water into vapor is referred to as", + "gold_answer": "Latent Heat of vaporization", + "os_answer": " 1.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Peg-shaped incisors which taper towards the indsal edge\nare typically seen in all of the following conditions EXCEPT", + "gold_answer": "Rickets", + "os_answer": " The taper is a normal feature of the\nincisors.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A study was done where the sale of anti-asthma drug was recorded and the number of deaths because of asthma was measured over a period of 15 years (1975-1990). This is which type of study.", + "gold_answer": "Ecological", + "os_answer": "This is a study of the number of deaths due to asthma. The study was done in the year 1975. The number of deaths due to asthma was measured over a period of 15 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The fear of a 6 year old related to dentistry is primarily:", + "gold_answer": "Subjective", + "os_answer": " The fear of a 6 year old related to dentistry is primarily:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient inhales a tidal volume of 500 mL. The intrapleural pressure was measured as - 4 cm of water before inspiration and - 9 cm of water after inspiration. Calculate the pulmonary compliance in this patient:", + "gold_answer": "0.1 L/cm", + "os_answer": "The pulmonary compliance is the ratio of the volume of air that is inhaled to the volume of air that is exhaled. The volume of air that is inhaled is the tidal volume. The volume of air that is exhaled is the volume of air that is inhaled minus the volume of air that is inhaled. The volume of air that is inhaled minus the volume of air that is inhaled is the volume of air that is exhaled.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum steroid produced by fetal adrenal:-", + "gold_answer": "Coisol", + "os_answer": " 1.5 mg/kg/day.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which nerve biopsy is taken to diagnose neuritic leprosy?", + "gold_answer": "Radial cutaneous nerve", + "os_answer": " The nerve biopsy is taken to diagnose neuritic leprosy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Low grade infection which leads to localized periosteal reaction is:", + "gold_answer": "Garre's osteomyelitis", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is not a post transcriptional modification of RNA?", + "gold_answer": "Glycosylation", + "os_answer": " A post transcriptional modification of DNA is a chemical modification of DNA that occurs after transcription. Question: Which of the following is not a post transcriptional modification of DNA? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Children with germline retinoblastoma are more likely to develop other primary malignancies in their later lifetime course. Which of the following malignancy can occur in such patients?", + "gold_answer": "Osteosarcoma of lower limbs", + "os_answer": " The tumor is too small to be detected by routine imaging. Question: Which of the following is the most likely cause of death in a child with germline retinoblastoma? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Not a side effect of Escitalopram?", + "gold_answer": "Sialorrhoea", + "os_answer": " Yes, it is a side effect of the medicine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Death due to smoke inhalation is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Anemic hypoxia", + "os_answer": " Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is due to: Smoke inhalation is", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Child has received full rabies vaccination in December 2018 and now presented with oozing wound on great toe and the pet had vaccination also, what would you do now?", + "gold_answer": "2 doses of vaccine on day 0 and 3", + "os_answer": "I would advise the child to be seen by a doctor. The child should be seen by a doctor as soon as possible.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Babu, a 49-year-old patient, complains of foul breath and regurgitation of food eaten few days back. He also complains of dysphagia. The probable diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Pharyngeal pouch", + "os_answer": "Dysphagia. The patient is a diabetic and has been on insulin for the past 2 years. He has been on insulin for the past 2 years.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2 year old premature neonate develops GTCS. What is the best investigation done to diagnose the pathology?", + "gold_answer": "Transcranial ultrasound", + "os_answer": "The best investigation is to do a CT scan of the brain. The CT scan will show the location of the pathology. The pathology will be seen in the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Vasodilatation is caused by:", + "gold_answer": "Histamine", + "os_answer": " 1. Vasodilatation is caused by: 2. Vasodilatation is caused by: 3. Vasodilatation is caused by: 4. Vasodilatation is caused by: 5. Vasodilatation is caused by: 6. Vasodilatation is caused by: 7. Vasodilatation is caused by: 8. Vasodilatation is caused by: 9. Vasodilatation is caused by: 10. Vasodilatation is caused by: 11. Vasodilatation is caused by: 12. Vasodilatation is caused by: 13. Vasodilatation is caused by: 14. Vasodilatation is caused by: 15. Vasodilatation is caused by: 16. Vasodilatation is caused by: 17. Vasodilatation is caused by: 18. Vasodilatation is caused by: 19. Vasodilatation is caused by: 20. Vasodilatation is caused by: 21. Vasodilatation is caused by: 22. Vasodilatation is caused by: 23. Vasodilatation is caused by: 24. Vas", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "While doing emergency laparotomy for an intestinal obstruction, which organ will you first visualize to say whether it is small bowel or large bowel obstruction?", + "gold_answer": "Cecum", + "os_answer": " IBS. Question: What is the most common cause of abdominal pain? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For deep gingival sheath preparation, shape of wedge should be:", + "gold_answer": "Triangular", + "os_answer": " The shape of the wedge should be:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Electromyography is used to:", + "gold_answer": "To study muscle activity", + "os_answer": "1. Diagnose and treat muscle disorders. 2. Diagnose and treat nerve disorders. 3. Diagnose and treat pain. 4. Diagnose and treat muscle spasms. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A neonate presented with jaundice on first day of life. His mother's blood group is `0' positive. How will you manage this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Phototherapy", + "os_answer": "The mother's blood group is `0' positive.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Rhodopsin deficiency is chiefly associated with:", + "gold_answer": "Vitamin A deficiency", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of retinal degeneration is retinitis pigmentosa.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The maxillary teeth if placed too far anteriorly and superiorly in a complete denture results in the faulty pronunciation of:", + "gold_answer": "F and V sounds", + "os_answer": " The maxillary teeth if placed too far anteriorly and superiorly in a complete denture results in the faulty pronunciation of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The logical explanation for the unique anticariogenic property of most silicate cements is:", + "gold_answer": "The reduction in enamel solubility due to fluoride uptake by enamel", + "os_answer": "The anticariogenic property is due to the presence of silica in the cement.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Changes seen in conjunctiva after vitamti. A deficiency:", + "gold_answer": "Hyperkeratosis of squamous epithelium", + "os_answer": "The conjunctiva is a thin layer of tissue that lines the inside of the eye. It is a thin, transparent membrane that lines the inside of the eye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is not a criterion for making a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia in accelerated phase:", + "gold_answer": "Persistent thrombocytosis (>1000 x 109/L) unresponsive to therapy", + "os_answer": "1. The presence of a monoclonal protein in the blood. 2. The presence of a monoclonal protein in the urine. 3. The presence of a monoclonal protein in the bone marrow. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following hea sound may be a normal finding during pregnancy?", + "gold_answer": "S3", + "os_answer": " The sound of the heart. Question: Which of the following is a normal finding during pregnancy? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Oral hairy leukoplakia is seen in AIDS patients. The most\nlikely site of appearance is:", + "gold_answer": "Lateral borders of tongue", + "os_answer": " The most likely site of appearance is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is not a general compartment of body fluid ?", + "gold_answer": "Intracellular", + "os_answer": " Urine. Question: Which of the following is not a general compartment of body fluid? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is a connective tissue tumour:", + "gold_answer": "Lipoma", + "os_answer": " A bone tumour. Question: Which one of the following is a connective tissue tumour: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with thrombocytopenia, what is the target platelet count after transfusion to perform an invasive procedure?", + "gold_answer": "50,000", + "os_answer": "The target platelet count is the number of platelets that are needed to perform an invasive procedure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A woman comes with postdated pregnancy at 42 weeks. The initial evaluation would be:", + "gold_answer": "Review of previous menstrual history", + "os_answer": "A. The baby is healthy. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lingual ridge is most prominent in", + "gold_answer": "Upper Canine", + "os_answer": "The tongue is the most important organ of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In heart patient the worst prognosis during pregnancy is seen in:", + "gold_answer": "Aortic stenosis", + "os_answer": "1. The heart is the most important organ in the body. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Acute Barbiturate poisoning results in:", + "gold_answer": "Respiratory failure", + "os_answer": "1. Death. 2. Death and coma. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The direct bonded orthodontic stainless steel brackets derive retention with composite because of:", + "gold_answer": "The mechanical interlock with mesh at the bracket base", + "os_answer": " The direct bonded orthodontic stainless steel brackets derive retention with composite because of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 26 years old patient c/o foul smelling greyish white discharge diagnosed to be Gardnerella vaginalis infection. Microscopic finding is suggestive of?", + "gold_answer": "Bacteria adherent to lining vaginal epithelial cells", + "os_answer": " Gardnerella vaginalis. Question: A 26 years old patient c/o foul smelling greyish white discharge diagnosed to be Gardnerella vaginalis infection. Microscopic finding is suggestive of? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dose of radiation for early and locally advanced cancer cervix at point A during brachytherapy?", + "gold_answer": "80-85 Gray and 85-90 Gray", + "os_answer": " The dose of radiation for early and locally advanced cancer cervix at point A during brachytherapy is between 2.5 and 3.5 Gy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sealer penetration into dentinal tubule depends mainly on?", + "gold_answer": "Method of obturation", + "os_answer": "The dentinal tubule is a narrow channel that is formed by the dentinal walls. The dentinal tubule is lined with a layer of dentin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the term for the radio opaque area found at the\nroot apex of young permanent teeth involved with a chronic pulpitis?", + "gold_answer": "Apical condensing osteitis", + "os_answer": " The root apex is the area of the tooth\nwhere the pulp is exposed. The term is called the apical periodontitis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "myasthenia gravis is a disorder of", + "gold_answer": "Neuromuscular junction", + "os_answer": "Myasthenia gravis is a disorder of the neuromuscular junction. The neuromuscular junction is a structure that connects the brain to the muscles.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Submental intubation is an alternative to tracheostomy in which type of fractures?", + "gold_answer": "Panfacial fracture", + "os_answer": " The submental intubation is an alternative to tracheostomy in which type of fractures?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve?", + "gold_answer": "Stylopharyngeus", + "os_answer": " The vagus nerve supplies the stomach. Question: Which of the following is supplied by the hypoglossal nerve? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cardiac pain may be transmitted to the jaw due to the overlapping of:", + "gold_answer": "5th cranial nerve, third cervical nerve and first thoracic nerve", + "os_answer": "1. The heart and the brain. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Optimal landmark for termination of cleaning, shaping and obturation is", + "gold_answer": "Cementodentinal junction", + "os_answer": "The landmark should be placed at the level of the apex of the tooth. The apex of the tooth is the point at which the tooth is most likely to erupt.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Phenylbutyrate is used in management of urea cycle disorders. What is its role?", + "gold_answer": "Scavenges nitrogen", + "os_answer": "Phenylbutyrate is a drug used to treat urea cycle disorders. It is a drug that is used to treat urea cycle disorders.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 60 years old patient having cardiorespiratory arrest in hospital ward, for oxygenation what should be done immediately?", + "gold_answer": "Oral intubation", + "os_answer": "The patient should be transferred to ICU. The patient should be resuscitated with bag and mask. The patient should be intubated and ventilated with 100% oxygen. The patient should be given intravenous fluids and antibiotics. The patient should be given sedatives and analgesics. The patient should be kept warm and monitored for any signs of respiratory distress. The patient should be kept in a quiet room. The patient should be given oxygen and sedatives.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If there is absence of precursor cell of an organ with the subsequent non development of the organ, what is the condition is called as?", + "gold_answer": "Agenesis", + "os_answer": " The condition is called as the absence of precursor cell of an organ.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Habit developed under psychological cause is:", + "gold_answer": "Intentional habits.", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of fibrous dysplasia is:", + "gold_answer": "If the Lesion is small, dissection is done, if Lesion is large cosmetic surgery has to be carried out", + "os_answer": "Fibrous dysplasia is a benign condition that affects the connective tissue of the body. It is a condition that is often misdiagnosed as cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10-year-old girl presents with a mass in lower abdomen involving umbilical and the hypogastrium. On examination it is cystic and mobile and the examiner is unable to insinuate fingers between the mass and the pelvic bone. What is the likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Ovarian cyst", + "os_answer": "The mass is a cystic teratoma. The cystic component is the most important diagnostic feature. The cystic component is usually a solid mass. The solid component is usually a cystic mass.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Improving Quality of Labour room is covered under which program?", + "gold_answer": "LaQshya", + "os_answer": " The program is called \u201cQuality of Labour\u201d. The program is covered under the \u201cHealth and Human Services\u201d program.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cribriform plate connects:", + "gold_answer": "Nasal cavity and anterior cranial fossa", + "os_answer": " The cribriform plate connects the frontal bone to the occipital bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Major mechanism of transport of drugs across biological membranes is by ?", + "gold_answer": "Passive diffusion", + "os_answer": "The transport of drugs across biological membranes is by a process called?permeation?. The process is a complex process involving many different proteins and enzymes. The transport of drugs across biological membranes is a complex process involving many different proteins and enzymes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child presented with complaint of severe itching over the web of fingers, more at night. Examination revealed burrows. Most probable diagnosis is:September 2009", + "gold_answer": "Scabies", + "os_answer": " The child had a fungal infection of the web of fingers. The child was treated with oral itraconazole. The child was discharged on the same day.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Middle constrictor of pharynx has attachment from:", + "gold_answer": "Body of hyoid bone", + "os_answer": "The middle constrictor of the pharynx is attached to the pharyngeal wall.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hepcidin decreases iron absorption by inhibition of -", + "gold_answer": "Ferropoin", + "os_answer": "Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that is produced by the liver. It is a peptide hormone that is produced by the liver.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Detachment of myosin head from actin is caused by?", + "gold_answer": "Binding of ATP", + "os_answer": " The detachment of myosin head from actin is caused by the binding of myosin head to actin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Characteristic feature true about outer membrane of peripheral nerve", + "gold_answer": "Relative permeable to potassium ions", + "os_answer": "The outer membrane of the peripheral nerve is a thin membrane that surrounds the nerve and is composed of a number of different substances. The substances are arranged in a specific pattern.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 14 years old male child presented with abnormal body movements with MRI showing signal changes in corpus striatum, thalami, pons, medulla, centrum semiovale and asymmetric diffuse white matter involvement. Most likely diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Wilson's disease", + "os_answer": " A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A: A:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In case of Condylar fracture dysarthrosis refers to:", + "gold_answer": "Disturbance of both anatomy as well as function.", + "os_answer": " Dysarthrosis of the condyle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gingival deformities are seen in:", + "gold_answer": "ANUG", + "os_answer": "1. Gingival hyperplasia. 2. Gingival recession. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most commonly missing primary teeth are:", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary canines", + "os_answer": " The most common missing primary teeth are:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A girl complaints of acute abdominal pain on and off with tingling sensation of limbs. She had a history of eating paint from the wall of newly built house. Which of the following enzyme deficiency will be the cause of her condition?", + "gold_answer": "ALA dehydratase", + "os_answer": " A. Hypothyroidism B. Hypoparathyroidism C. Hypopituitarism D. Hypopituitarism E. Hypopituitarism", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Where is the second step of damage control resuscitation carried out?", + "gold_answer": "In ICU", + "os_answer": " The purpose of the defibrillator is to provide a shock to the patient when the heart stops beating. Question: What is the purpose of the defibrillator? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A primigravida came to the labor room at 40 weeks + 5 days gestation for induction of labor. On per vaginal examination, the cervix is 1 cm dilated and 30% effaced. The veex is at --1 station and the cervix is soft and posterior. What will be the modified bishop score for this lady?", + "gold_answer": "5", + "os_answer": "The Bishop score is a measure of the degree of dilatation of the cervix. The score is based on the number of stations of the cervix that are dilated. The score is 0 for a normal cervix, 1 for a 1-2 station dilated cervix, 2 for a 2-3 station dilated cervix, and 3 for a 3-4 station dilated cervix. The score is calculated by dividing the number of stations by the total number of stations. The score is then multiplied by 100. The score is then divided by the total number of stations to obtain a percentage. The score is then multiplied by 100 to obtain a percentage.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sensory nerve supply of capsule of TMJ is?", + "gold_answer": "Auriculotemporal nerve", + "os_answer": "The sensory nerve supply of the capsule of the TMJ is the same as that of the mandibular nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A girl comes with symptoms of involuntary movements. Sydenham's chorea and acute rheumatic fever is suspected. Other major criteria of rheumatic fever (ahritis, skin rashes, subcutaneous nodules and carditis) were absent. No evidence of sore throat. Best investigation to prove rheumatic etiology is:", + "gold_answer": "Antistreptolysin O", + "os_answer": "A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young patient presented to casualty with a history of some substance abuse. His pulse was 130 beats per minute and respiratory rate was 30 per minute. Blood gas analysis revealed metabolic acidosis and his urea was 100 mg/dL and creatinine was 4 mg/dL. Urinalysis revealed calcium oxalate crystals. He improved symptomatically after management with intravenous fluids, gastric lavage, sodium bicarbonate, calcium gluconate and 4-methylpyrazole administration. What is the most likely substance that he consumed?", + "gold_answer": "Ethylene glycol", + "os_answer": "The most likely substance that he consumed was calcium oxalate. The patient had a history of calcium oxalate stone formation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Post parotidectomy, patient feels numb while shaving. Which nerve was involved ?", + "gold_answer": "Greater auricular", + "os_answer": "The facial nerve. The patient was post parotidectomy and had a facial nerve palsy. The facial nerve is the nerve that connects the facial muscles to the brain. The facial nerve is the most common nerve injury in the facial region.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Articular disc of TMJ is:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The articular disc of the TMJ is a bony structure that is located between the condyle and the articular surface of the mandible. The articular disc is a bony structure that is located between the condyle and the articular surface of the mandible.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of:", + "gold_answer": "Different refractive indices of object", + "os_answer": " The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of: The principle of phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Klenow fragment is formed by loss of fragment having which activity:", + "gold_answer": "5'- 3' exonuclease", + "os_answer": " Klenow fragment is formed by loss of fragment having which activity:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Addison's disease is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Chronic insufficiency of adrenal cortex", + "os_answer": " Addison's disease is due to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the best distribution to study the daily admission of head injury patients in a trauma care centre", + "gold_answer": "Poisson distribution", + "os_answer": "The best distribution is the one that is closest to the patient.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Inlay and 3 fourth crowns main purpose of bevel is", + "gold_answer": "To remove unsupported enamel rods", + "os_answer": " Inlay and 3 fourth crowns main purpose of bevel is to make the crown of the head look more beautiful.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "35 years old female with choriocarcinoma treatment of choice is:", + "gold_answer": "Chemotherapy", + "os_answer": "I am a female patient with choriocarcinoma. I have been treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. I am now in the process of treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "2 years female has been successfully treated for urinary tract infection. Next step in management is :", + "gold_answer": "Ultrasound + DMSA scan", + "os_answer": "1. Urinary tract infection is a common condition in women. It is caused by bacteria in the urinary tract. It is usually caused by bacteria in the urinary tract.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 4-year-old child has a normal complement of primary teeth, but they are grey and exhibit extensive occlusal and incisal wear. Radiographic examination indicates extensive deposits of secondary dentin in these teeth. Most likely this condition is:", + "gold_answer": "Dentinogenesis imperfecta", + "os_answer": " The child has a normal complement of primary teeth, but they are grey and exhibit extensive occlusal and incisal wear. Radiographic examination indicates extensive deposits of secondary dentin in these teeth. Most likely this condition is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Thermal conductivity of which material is close to dentin:", + "gold_answer": "Silicate", + "os_answer": "Dentin is a hard, dense, mineralized tissue that is found in the teeth. It is a hard, dense, mineralized tissue that is found in the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In genomic imprinting. DNA is modified by:", + "gold_answer": "Methylation", + "os_answer": "DNA methylation. DNA methylation is a process that occurs in the genome and is responsible for the silencing of genes.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Numbness and tingling sensation felt in the anterior one third of the tongue can be due to:", + "gold_answer": "Over extended lingual borders", + "os_answer": "1. A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Innervation of pulp is from", + "gold_answer": "Trigeminal nerve", + "os_answer": "The nerve fibers that innervate the pulp are called the nerve fibers. The nerve fibers are the ones that are responsible for the sensation of pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 62 years old woman presented with acute onset confusion and bumping into th ings. On examination, she was ale, oriented with fluent speech and normal comprehension. Fuher examination revealed impaired writing (acalculia), right-left confusion, impaired arithmetic abilities, difficulty in finger identification. MRI demonstrated foci of coical and sub coical increase T2 signals and areas of leptomeningeal enhancement. Most likely diagnosis:", + "gold_answer": "Gerstmann's syndrome", + "os_answer": " Acute ischemic stroke. The patient was treated with intravenous thrombolysis and was discharged.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which component of zinc oxide-eugenol cement gives its strength?", + "gold_answer": "Zinc oxide", + "os_answer": "The zinc oxide-eugenol cement is a mixture of zinc oxide and eugenol. The zinc oxide is a component of the cement. The eugenol is a component of the cement.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient came with complaints of lower limb weakness. Examiner places one hand under the patient's heel and patient is asked to raise his other leg against downward resistance. What is the name of this test?", + "gold_answer": "Hoover test", + "os_answer": " The heel-to-toe test. Question: A patient came with complaints of lower limb weakness. Examiner places one hand under the patient's heel and patient is asked to raise his other leg against downward resistance. What is the name of this test? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dietary goals for avoiding Coronary Artery Disease include", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " The answer is yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tooth eruption is due to", + "gold_answer": "Eruptive forces", + "os_answer": "The eruption of the teeth is due to the growth of the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Steroids do not have a role in management of which of these tumors?", + "gold_answer": "Kaposi sarcoma", + "os_answer": " Steroids are not used in the management of which of these tumors?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During 3rd molar surgical extraction, distal incision is curved buccally to prevent injury to:", + "gold_answer": "Lingual nerve", + "os_answer": " The incision is curved buccally to prevent injury to the buccal nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infant of diabetic mother with weight 3.8 Kg presented with seizures after 16 hours of birth.What is the cause \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Hypoglycemia", + "os_answer": "The cause of the seizures is the diabetes. The mother is diabetic and the baby is diabetic.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 12 year old child complains of recurrent pain over right maxillary posterior tooth but clinically no caries can be found. He also reports of cold and fever spells. What should be advised to the patient?", + "gold_answer": "Refer to physician for the evaluation of maxillary sinus", + "os_answer": "The child should be advised to avoid spicy foods and drinks. The child should be advised to avoid cold drinks and foods.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Short sharp pain of tooth transmitted to brain by", + "gold_answer": "A delta fibers", + "os_answer": "The pain is transmitted to the brain by the nerve. The nerve is the part of the body that transmits the pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is the most reliable method for monitoring fluid resuscitation?", + "gold_answer": "Urine output", + "os_answer": "The most reliable method for monitoring fluid resuscitation is to measure the amount of fluid that is being administered. The amount of fluid that is being administered is the amount of fluid that is being administered to the patient. The amount of fluid that is being administered to the patient is the amount of fluid that is being administered to the patient.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assay in urine is used for screening of?", + "gold_answer": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", + "os_answer": " LAM assay in urine is used for screening of?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cholinomimetic is not used in which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Bradycardia", + "os_answer": "1. The use of cholinomimetic in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. 2. The use of cholinomimetic in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. 3. The use of cholinomimetic in the treatment of Huntington's disease. 4. The use of cholinomimetic in the treatment of Tourette's syndrome. 5. The use of cholinomimetic in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. 6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gene which inhibits cell cycle is -", + "gold_answer": "p53", + "os_answer": "Cell cycle is a process that controls the division of cells. Cell cycle is controlled by a set of genes. The genes are called cyclins. The cyclins are proteins that bind to the DNA and control the cell cycle. The cell cycle is controlled by the cyclins.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cell membrane of a cell is freely permeable to three ions X, Y and Z. At resting membrane potential, the respective equilibrium potentials of Xand Y are -30mV and -40 mV.What will happen to the membrane potential if a drug is infused which can block the permeability of Z?", + "gold_answer": "Depolarisation", + "os_answer": "The membrane potential will decrease. The equilibrium potential of Z will be -40 mV. The equilibrium potential of X will be -30 mV. The equilibrium potential of Y will be -40 mV.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient complains of looseness of dentures within two to four hours of insertion. The most likely cause is:", + "gold_answer": "Deflective occlusion", + "os_answer": "The patient is allergic to the denture adhesive.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A mother comes with her 3 months' child asking the physician if she can give cereals to her child. What problems can this lead to her child?", + "gold_answer": "Allergy due to the food content", + "os_answer": "The child is not allowed to eat cereals. The child is not allowed to eat any food. The child is not allowed to drink any water. The child is not allowed to play with any toys.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For a maxillary premolar in a radiograph, the facial root appears distal to the palatal root, the film was exposed with:", + "gold_answer": "From mesial side of the tooth", + "os_answer": " The root is distal to the palatal root. Question: For a maxillary premolar in a radiograph, the facial root appears distal to the palatal root, the film was exposed with: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lalloo, a 13-year old child has a severe thumb-sucking habit. On examination he has a Class-II malocclusion, anterior open bite with an over-jet of 12mm. His cephalogram will show:", + "gold_answer": "Increased anterior facial height and normal\tposterior facial height", + "os_answer": "A. Anterior open bite with an over-jet of 12mm. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lateral part of middle cranial fossa and posterior\ncranial fossa are divided by:", + "gold_answer": "Petrous temporal bone", + "os_answer": " The lateral part of the middle cranial fossa is divided by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 27 year primigravida presents with pregnancy induced hypertension with blood pressure of 150/100 mm of Hg at 32 weeks of gestation with no other complications. Subsequently, her blood pressure is controlled on treatment. If there are no complications, the pregnancy should be terminated at:", + "gold_answer": "37 completed weeks", + "os_answer": "The pregnancy should be terminated at 32 weeks of gestation.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 1.5 years old child was brought to emergency with history of burn by hot water on both hands and palms. The lesion was pink, oozing and painful to air and touch. Which of the following is the best management for this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Paraffin gauze and dressing", + "os_answer": "1. The child should be kept under observation for a week. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Growth of the maxilla in the vertical direction is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Growth of the alveolus", + "os_answer": "1. The maxilla is a bone in the skull. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "clostridium difficile diarrhoea associated with:", + "gold_answer": "Fluoroquinolones", + "os_answer": "The following information is correct. The following information is incorrect.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the most common systemic symptom during migration of larval phase of Helminths like Ancylostoma, Strongyloides and Ascaris?", + "gold_answer": "Asymptomatic", + "os_answer": " The most common systemic symptom during migration of larval phase of Helminths like Ancylostoma, Strongyloides and Ascaris is the presence of blood in the urine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The police has brought an unresponsive patient to you. What is the first thing you will do?", + "gold_answer": "Check carotid pulse", + "os_answer": " I will call the ambulance. Question: What is the third thing you will do? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A material turns to liquid on applying critical shear stress. This type of flow is called as?", + "gold_answer": "Bingham body", + "os_answer": "The flow is called as shear thinning. The flow is called as shear thinning because the flow is shear thinning.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The setting time of zinc phosphate may be retarded by?", + "gold_answer": "Decrease the addition of powder to liquid", + "os_answer": "The setting time of zinc phosphate may be retarded by the following factors: 1.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following statements about an intraoral dental\nX-ray film are true except:", + "gold_answer": "It has a thin sheet of lead foil that lies in front of the film to prevent overexposure", + "os_answer": " The film is a negative. Question: The film is a negative. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Only tooth in which buccal surface is made of 2 lobes", + "gold_answer": "Upper 1st molar", + "os_answer": " The answer is \"Yes\".", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Niacin & riboflavin help in:", + "gold_answer": "Redox reactions", + "os_answer": "Niacin and riboflavin are vitamins that are found in food. Niacin is a B vitamin that is found in foods such as spinach, broccoli, and other green vegetables. Riboflavin is a B vitamin that is found in foods such as milk, eggs, and other dairy products. Niacin and riboflavin are both B vitamins that are found in foods.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen:", + "gold_answer": "Spinosum", + "os_answer": " The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with which foramen: The middle meningeal artery is associated with", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Asymmetrical union of sutures resuting in twisted skull known as:", + "gold_answer": "Plagiocephaly.", + "os_answer": "The union of sutures is called as twisted skull.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Surgery of the cleft lip should be carried out at:", + "gold_answer": "3 - 6 months", + "os_answer": "The cleft lip is a congenital defect of the lip, which is caused by the failure of the embryological development of the lip.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the most consistent feature of rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis (RPGN)?", + "gold_answer": "Crescent formation", + "os_answer": " The most consistent feature of rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis is the presence of proteinuria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Universal marker of limbal epithelial stem cells:", + "gold_answer": "ABCG2", + "os_answer": "The limbal epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium that lines the surface of the cornea.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "At 12 year age, 2nd mandibular molar will have?", + "gold_answer": "Crown complete with 3/4th root,, open apex", + "os_answer": " The third mandibular molar will have a crown of the second molar. Question: At 12 year age, 4th mandibular molar will have? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A rhabdomyoma is a tumour originating from", + "gold_answer": "Striated muscle", + "os_answer": " A rhabdomyoma is a tumour originating from the muscle tissue.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Free way space of less than normal, in complete denture \nhas the following adverse result:", + "gold_answer": "Irresistible alveolar ridge resorption", + "os_answer": " The space is not free, and the space is not normal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following best describes the working time of impression material?", + "gold_answer": "The time from start of mixing till just before the start of appearing elastic properties of impression material", + "os_answer": " The working time of the impression material is the time required for the impression material to set up and cure. Question: Which of the following best describes the working time of the impression material? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Purpose of sterilization is to eliminate", + "gold_answer": "Spore formers", + "os_answer": " sterilization is to eliminate ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lower density usually means", + "gold_answer": "Lighter weight", + "os_answer": " Lower density means that the body is not as dense as it should be. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common complication following rheumatoid arthritis of the TMJ is:", + "gold_answer": "Ankylosis", + "os_answer": " The most common complication following rheumatoid arthritis of the TMJ is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In pregnancy cardiac output increases 30 to 40% during?", + "gold_answer": "28 weeks of gestation", + "os_answer": " In pregnancy cardiac output increases 30 to 40% during pregnancy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Langerhan\u2019s histiocytosis was previously known as", + "gold_answer": "Histiocytosis x", + "os_answer": "Histiocytosis X is a rare disease that affects the skin and bone marrow. It is characterized by the proliferation of abnormal white blood cells called histiocytes. Histiocytes are a type of white blood cell that are found in the bone marrow and skin. Histiocytes are responsible for the formation of the bone marrow and skin. Histiocytosis X is a rare disease that affects the bone marrow and skin.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Magenta tongue and cracks at corner of mouth are seen in deficiency of:", + "gold_answer": "Riboflavin", + "os_answer": "The tongue is yellow and the corners of the mouth are yellow.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Height of group of 20 boys aged 10 years was 140 \u00b1 13 cm and 20 girls of same age was 135 cm \u00b1 7 cm. To test the statistical significance of difference in height, test applicable is -", + "gold_answer": "t", + "os_answer": " The height of boys is significantly higher than that of girls.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Adrenaline used for controlling of bleeding during surgery may result in:", + "gold_answer": "Cardiac arrhythmias", + "os_answer": "Adrenaline is a drug that is used to increase blood flow to the area of the body where the surgery is being performed. It is also used to increase the amount of blood that is available to the body. It is a drug that is used to increase blood flow to the area of the body where the surgery is being performed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After removal of periodontal pack after a week of surgery, you see a large round elevated granulation tissue. It is most likely due to:", + "gold_answer": "Incomplete calculus removal", + "os_answer": " The tissue is a tumor. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which centre first gets the input from neural control of CVS?", + "gold_answer": "NTS", + "os_answer": " The centre that has the most experience in the field of CVS. Question: Which centre has the most experience in the field of CVS? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anti-hypeensive drug contraindicated in pregnancy is:September 2005, 2010 March 2007, March 2013", + "gold_answer": "Enalapril", + "os_answer": "The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy. The drug is not recommended for use during pregnancy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the most common sequelae of traumatic shoulder dislocation in young adults?", + "gold_answer": "Recurrent shoulder dislocation", + "os_answer": " The most common sequelae of traumatic shoulder dislocation in young adults are shoulder stiffness and pain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following best describes paradoxical suicide?", + "gold_answer": "Suicide occurring at the time when the pt. stas to recover", + "os_answer": " A person who commits suicide by taking poison. Question: Which of the following best describes the act of suicide? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Soft palate is made up of:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of: The soft palate is made up of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "GNAS-1 gene mutation is associated with:", + "gold_answer": "Fibrous dysplasia", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hydatid cyst is:", + "gold_answer": "Parasitic in nature", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these anticonvulsants causes contraction of visual field?", + "gold_answer": "Vigabatrin", + "os_answer": " Phenobarbital. Question: Which of these anticonvulsants causes contraction of visual field? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Consumption of which of the following poison produce bluish discoloration of stomach during postmortem examination.", + "gold_answer": "Sodium amytal", + "os_answer": " The consumption of arsenic. Question: Which of the following is the cause of death of a person who has been poisoned by arsenic? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which drug is given to prevent acute mountain sickness?", + "gold_answer": "Acetazolamide", + "os_answer": " The drug is called \"mountain sickness\" and it is given to prevent acute mountain sickness.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An episiotomy is to be performed in a primigravida in labor. Which of these is an advantage of mediolateral episiotomy over midline episiotomy?", + "gold_answer": "Less chance of extension", + "os_answer": "Midline episiotomy is more common in primigravida in labor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 3- year old child has hepatosplenomegaly. On examination of the bone marrow, large cells are seen with crumpled paper appearance. Which of the following must have accumulated in these cells?", + "gold_answer": "Gulcocerebrosides", + "os_answer": "The cells are seen in the bone marrow because of the accumulation of the abnormal cells.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is a negative acute phase reactant?", + "gold_answer": "Albumin", + "os_answer": " C-reactive protein (CRP) ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Minimum number of lobes required to form a permanent tooth", + "gold_answer": "4", + "os_answer": " The number of lobes required to form a permanent tooth is three.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following is true about dentinal tubules except:", + "gold_answer": "The diameter of dentin tubules ranges from 5 to 7\u03bcm", + "os_answer": " Dentin tubules are not lined with enamel.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 34-year-old primigravida at 11 weeks gestation presents to her obstetrics clinic with chief complain of exposure to a rash. Her husband is HIV+ve and has broken out on a rash in his left buttock which consists of a grouped vesicles on a maculopapular base, 4 days back. She has got her HIV testing done which is negative. Her P/R is 86/min, B/P = 100/60 mm of hg, resp rate 10/min and temp = 98.7F.FHS is heard via Doppler.What is the next step in the management:", + "gold_answer": "Administer varicella immunoglobulin to the patient", + "os_answer": "The next step is to do a biopsy of the rash. The biopsy will be done under local anesthesia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "It is necessary to remove a disto-occlusal inlay from maxillary premolar. The procedure of choice is:", + "gold_answer": "Cut through the isthmus and remove the inlay in 2 pieces", + "os_answer": " The disto-occlusal inlay is removed by a surgical procedure.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Occlusal isthmus of a M.O. dental amalgam is resistant to fracture if:", + "gold_answer": "Axiopulpal line angle is rounded", + "os_answer": "The occlusal isthmus is a thin, narrow band of bone that runs from the occlusal surface of the tooth to the gum line.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best test for fetal maturity in a diabetic mother is :", + "gold_answer": "Phosphatidyl glycerol", + "os_answer": " The best test for fetal maturity in a diabetic mother is :", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is the earliest manifestation of Cushing's syndrome :", + "gold_answer": "Loss of diurnal variation", + "os_answer": "1. The first symptom of Cushing's syndrome is the appearance of a large adrenal tumor. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Position and movement of articular disc of TMJ is controlled by fibers of:", + "gold_answer": "Upper head of lateral pterygoid muscle", + "os_answer": "1. Medial pterygoid muscle. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following should be considered a 'High risk infant'?", + "gold_answer": "Working mother", + "os_answer": " A baby who is born with a birth defect. Question: Which of the following is a 'High risk infant'? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The number of patients required in a clinical trial to treat a specify disease increases as", + "gold_answer": "The drop-out rate increases", + "os_answer": " The number of patients required in a clinical trial to treat a specify disease increases as the number of patients in the trial increases.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Myosin head detachment from actin is triggered by:-", + "gold_answer": "Binding of ATP to head", + "os_answer": " Myosin head detachment from actin is triggered by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sphenoidal air sinus is supplied by which nerve:", + "gold_answer": "Posterior ethmoidal", + "os_answer": " The right nasal branch of the trigeminal nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sensory nerve fibres to posterior one third of the tongue is supplied by:", + "gold_answer": "IX cranial nerve", + "os_answer": "1. The lingual nerve. 2. The lingual branch of the trigeminal nerve. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child with fever and sore throat developed acute cervical lymphadenopathy most likely investigation to be done is :", + "gold_answer": "Complete hemogram", + "os_answer": "The child was diagnosed with acute tonsillitis. The child was treated with antibiotics and the sore throat resolved. The child was discharged home. The child was seen again in the clinic and was diagnosed with acute tonsillitis.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In which of the inheritance, if father is affected no offspring is affected, but if mother affected, all offspring affected?", + "gold_answer": "Mitochondrial", + "os_answer": " In which of the inheritance, if father is affected no offspring is affected, but if mother affected, all offspring affected?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "DPT Vaccine is not contraindicated in?", + "gold_answer": "Severely immunocompromised patient", + "os_answer": " DPT vaccine is not contraindicated in:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A non synovial joint with connective tissue in between is:", + "gold_answer": "Syndesmosis", + "os_answer": " A synovial joint is a joint that is not a joint. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following decrease in iron deficiency anemia except:", + "gold_answer": "TIBC", + "os_answer": "1. Vitamin C. 2. Vitamin B6. 3. Vitamin B12. 4. Vitamin A. 5. Vitamin D. 6. Vitamin E. 7. Vitamin K. 8.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the ratio of chest compressions and breaths when a lone person is giving cardiopulmonary resuscitation?", + "gold_answer": "30:02:00", + "os_answer": " The ratio of chest compressions and breaths is 1:1.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hydrolysis of IgG with papain will lead to formation of following fragments:", + "gold_answer": "1 Fc and 2 Fab fragments", + "os_answer": "The answer is yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fetal adrenals release which hormone predominantly:March 2009, September 2010", + "gold_answer": "Coisone", + "os_answer": "The adrenal glands are located in the abdomen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fear developed in a patient due to previous experience, events, objects:", + "gold_answer": "Objective fear.", + "os_answer": "Fear is a feeling of unease or discomfort. It is a reaction to a stimulus. It is a reaction to a stimulus that is perceived as threatening.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sterilization of hand piece will cause:", + "gold_answer": "Fibre loss", + "os_answer": "Hand piece will be sterilized. Sterilization of hand piece will cause: Hand piece will be sterilized.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A pregnant lady develops chickenpox. During which part of her pregnancy will it lead to highest chance of neonatal infection:", + "gold_answer": "Last 5 days", + "os_answer": " The first trimester.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A male child with coarse facial features, macroglossia, thick lips presents with copious mucous discharge from nose at 10 months of age. The child was absolutely normal at bih. On examination he was found to have enlarged Liver and Spleen. Diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Hurler's syndrome", + "os_answer": " Liver and Spleen enlargement due to chronic liver disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "G3 with previous second trimester abortion presents with 22 week of gestation, abdominal pain, USG shows funneling of internal os. What is the ideal management?", + "gold_answer": "Mc Donald stitch", + "os_answer": "The patient should be evaluated for a possible second trimester abortion.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The neutralization of saliva is due to", + "gold_answer": "Bicarbonates", + "os_answer": " The neutralization of saliva is due to the action of the saliva on the mucous membrane of the mouth. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 45 y ears old patient presented to you with ongoing massive hematemesis. The patient is ale and hemodynamically stable. What will be the first step in management?", + "gold_answer": "Put the patient in recovery position and secure airway", + "os_answer": "The first step in management is to rule out any other etiology of massive hematemesis. The patient is a 45 y ears old male with a history of alcohol abuse. He is a known case of alcoholic liver disease. The patient has a history of alcohol abuse and has been on alcohol for the last 5 y.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is not a cofactor for glycogen phosphorylase, an impoant enzyme of the glycogenolysis pathway?", + "gold_answer": "Glycogenin", + "os_answer": "The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase is not a cofactor for glycogenolysis. The enzyme is a key enzyme in the glycogenolysis pathway. It is a key enzyme in the glycogenolysis pathway.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In which type of lesion 'eburnation' of the dentine is seen?", + "gold_answer": "Arrested caries", + "os_answer": "Eburnation of the dentine is a rare condition. It is characterized by the formation of a dentine bridge over the root of the tooth. The bridge is formed by the deposition of a thin layer of dentine on the root surface. The bridge is usually seen in the apical third of the root.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In case of a deep carious lesion incomplete debridement is done to:", + "gold_answer": "Prevent pulp exposure and allow a thin layer of a dentin to remain", + "os_answer": " In case of a deep carious lesion incomplete debridement is done to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In chronic allergy which lg are more persistent in the body?", + "gold_answer": "lg E", + "os_answer": "The lg are more persistent in the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The following is characteristic feature of staphylococcus food poisoning except:", + "gold_answer": "Toxin can be destroyed by boiling for 30 minutes", + "os_answer": " The following is characteristic feature of staphylococcus food poisoning except:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 22-year-old female gives the history of recurrent joint pains. She has now developed petechial hemorrhages. She is most likely to have:", + "gold_answer": "Acquired factor VIII inhibitors", + "os_answer": "A. Arthritis. B. Rheumatoid arthritis. C. Osteoarthritis. D. Osteoarthritis with erosions. E. Osteoarthritis with erosions and osteophytes. F. Osteoarthritis with erosions and osteophytes and osteophytes. G.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The red zones of lips have:", + "gold_answer": "very small number of sebaceous glands, if any", + "os_answer": " The red zones of lips have:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 2-year-old child was brought to the emergency depament at 3 AM. The child presented with fever and cough. On examination, respiratory rate was 36/ min, temperature was 39degC and saturation on pulse oximetry was 96%. The child had barking cough and stridor only on crying. Otherwise, the child was hydrated, able to drink and consolable. The nest step in management would be:", + "gold_answer": "Single dose of dexamethasone", + "os_answer": "The child was brought to the emergency department because of a cough and fever. The child was hydrated, able to drink and consolable.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The virus HIV is produced and propagated in:", + "gold_answer": "Circulating T4 lymphocytes", + "os_answer": " The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and propagated in: The virus HIV is produced and", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in:", + "gold_answer": "Pellagra", + "os_answer": " 1. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 2. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 3. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 4. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 5. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 6. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 7. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 8. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 9. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 10. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 11. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 12. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 13. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 14. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 15. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 16. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 17. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 18. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 19. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 20. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 21. Deficiency of nicotinic acid results in: 22. Deficiency", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After a midline laparotomy, you have been asked to suture the incision. What length of suture material will you choose?", + "gold_answer": "4x incision length", + "os_answer": "The length of suture material is determined by the size of the incision. The size of the incision is determined by the size of the patient. The size of the patient is determined by the size of the surgeon. The size of the surgeon is determined by the size of the operating room. The size of the operating room is determined by the size of the hospital. The size of the hospital is determined by the size of the city. The size of the city is determined by the size of the state. The size of the state is determined by the size of the country. The size of the country is determined by the size of the continent. The size of the continent is determined by the size of the ocean. The size of the ocean is determined by the size of the continent.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In response to traumatic occlusal forces, alveolar bone has", + "gold_answer": "Osteoblasts in areas of tension and osteoclasts in areas of pressure", + "os_answer": "The alveolar bone is the bone that is closest to the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Class 3 hemorrhagic shock refers to:", + "gold_answer": "Blood loss between 30% - 40%", + "os_answer": "Class 3 hemorrhagic shock is a condition in which the blood pressure is reduced to less than 70 mmHg. The blood pressure is reduced to less than 70 mmHg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Supplementary retention on the abutment tooth is made\npossible by:", + "gold_answer": "Proper use of pins and grooves", + "os_answer": " The abutment tooth is made of a material that is not a hard material.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to WHO definition, what is the criteria for considering a high endemic area for meningococcal meningitis?", + "gold_answer": ">10 per 1,00,000 population", + "os_answer": "The WHO definition of high endemic area for meningococcal meningitis is a country with a high incidence of meningococcal disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is not a feature of wilson\\'s disease in a child \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Sensory changes", + "os_answer": " Wilms\\' tumor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most important prognostic factor in congenital diaphragmatic hernia \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Pulmonary hypertension", + "os_answer": "The most important prognostic factor in congenital diaphragmatic hernia is the size of the hernia. The size of the hernia is the most important prognostic factor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 years old child has intrusion of permanent maxillary central incisor. The choice of treatment is", + "gold_answer": "Allow tooth to erupt on its own (spontaneous eruption)", + "os_answer": "The child should be treated with orthodontic treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The advantage of metal base denture is:", + "gold_answer": "Increase in tissue tolerance", + "os_answer": " The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal base denture is: The advantage of metal", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "8 year-old child had fractured his maxillary central incisor\n10-months ago. The pulp shows no response. There is no periapical lesion in the radiograph. The treatment of choice is:", + "gold_answer": "Complete debridement and apexification", + "os_answer": " The treatment of choice is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Marked reduction in amount of dentin, widening of predentin layer, presence of large area of interglobular dentin and irregular pattern of dentin is seen in", + "gold_answer": "Odonto dysplasia", + "os_answer": "The predentin layer is the layer of dentin that is formed in the predentine layer. The predentin layer is formed by the deposition of dentin on the dentin surface.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 11-year-old boy complains of spacing between maxillary incisors. The appropriate treatment is with:", + "gold_answer": "No treatment", + "os_answer": " The appropriate treatment is with:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A traumatized tooth nonvital with or without crown\nfracture is classified as", + "gold_answer": "Class-IV", + "os_answer": " A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Gingiva is most commonly affected by deficiency of:", + "gold_answer": "Vitamin C", + "os_answer": " Gingiva is most commonly affected by deficiency of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During autopsy of a patient died due to suspected myocardial infarction, the hea was stained with triphenyltetrazolium tetrachloride dye. What will be the color of the ble myocardium?", + "gold_answer": "Red", + "os_answer": " The color of the myocardium will be dark red.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Frankfort - horizontal is a reference plane constructed by joining which of the following landmarks?", + "gold_answer": "Porion and Orbitale", + "os_answer": " The horizontal reference plane is constructed by joining the landmarks of the following:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Release of synaptic vesicle from presynaptic terminal is inhibited by", + "gold_answer": "Prevention of calcium influx", + "os_answer": " The release of synaptic vesicle from presynaptic terminal is inhibited by the following substances:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Greatest movement is seen in which type of joint:", + "gold_answer": "Diarthroses.", + "os_answer": " The knee joint. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Extra-embryonic mesoderm is derived from:", + "gold_answer": "Primary yolk sac", + "os_answer": " Embryonic mesoderm.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common malignant bone tumor in child:", + "gold_answer": "Osteosarcoma", + "os_answer": " Osteosarcoma.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 29-year-old, 4 months pregnant primigravida has history of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. She has been regularly taking sodium valproate and now presents requesting for an opinion for a change in her anti-epileptic treatment. What would you sugeets her?", + "gold_answer": "Continue valproate and serial drug monitoring in blood", + "os_answer": " The patient is a 29-year-old primigravida with a history of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. She has been regularly taking sodium valproate and now presents requesting for an opinion for a change in her anti-epileptic treatment. What would you sugeets her?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is NOT a major criteria for Rheumatic heart disease \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Raised ASLO titer", + "os_answer": "The heart is the most important organ in the body. It is the organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It is the organ that is responsible for the blood pressure and the heart rate. It is the organ that is responsible for the blood supply to the brain and the heart.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Enzymes elevated in the plasma in MI", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "The enzymes are elevated in the plasma in MI.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 18 years old girl presents with primary amenorrhea. On evaluation, she was having a karyotype of 45X0 and infantile uterus. What should he done next?", + "gold_answer": "Bilateral gonadectomy", + "os_answer": "The patient should be evaluated for a possible diagnosis of Turner syndrome.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Palatoglossus develops from:", + "gold_answer": "Mesoderm of sixth arch", + "os_answer": "Palatoglossus is a condition in which the tongue is not properly positioned.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Benzodiazepine antagonist is", + "gold_answer": "Flumazenil", + "os_answer": "The benzodiazepine antagonist is a drug that is used to treat anxiety and insomnia. It is a drug that is used to treat anxiety and insomnia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Glucocorticoids decrease inflammatory reaction by reducing:", + "gold_answer": "Release of histamine", + "os_answer": "1. Inflammatory reaction. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Inca bone or Goethe's ossicles is a sutural bone present in?", + "gold_answer": "Lambda", + "os_answer": " Inca bone or Goethe's ossicles is a sutural bone present in?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Anti-centromere antibodies are seen in which of the following conditions?", + "gold_answer": "Scleroderma", + "os_answer": " A. Aplastic anemia B. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure C. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities D. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities E. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities F. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities G. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities H. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities I. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities J. Aplastic anemia with bone marrow failure and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities and other hematologic abnormalities", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are derived from mesonephros except:", + "gold_answer": "Glomerulus", + "os_answer": " The mesonephros is the part of the kidney that is located in the back of the abdomen. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Medial dislocation of fractured condyle in subcondylar fracture is caused by", + "gold_answer": "Lateral pterygoid", + "os_answer": "The dislocation is caused by the fracture of the condyle.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A known 60-year-old male Diabetic and hypeensive patient was found unconscious in the morning. On examination pulse- 120, bp- 180/100 and there was positive extensor plantar. What is next step to be done?", + "gold_answer": "Check blood glucose", + "os_answer": "The patient was taken to the hospital and was diagnosed as having diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient was given insulin and was given intravenous fluids. The patient was given intravenous fluids and was given insulin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dental plaque is formed by reaction of enzymes on:", + "gold_answer": "Sucrose and saliva", + "os_answer": "The plaque is formed by the action of enzymes on the surface of the teeth. The plaque is a sticky substance that is formed on the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 76 - year - old female presented with non - healing ulcer on labia majora for 6 months measuring 2 x 3 cm with no palpable lymphadenopathy. Biopsy shows Squamous cell carcinoma. Management of this patient includes?", + "gold_answer": "Radical vulvectomy with sentinal LN biopsy", + "os_answer": "The patient was treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient was followed up for 6 months and the ulcer was healed. The patient was advised to continue with chemotherapy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most appropriate method of testing the statistical significance of the differences between means of two groups is", + "gold_answer": "Student test", + "os_answer": "The most appropriate method of testing the statistical significance of the differences between means of two groups is to use a t-test. The t-test is a statistical test that is used to compare two means.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 4 years old child was brought to the hospital with right impalpable testsis. During diagnostic laparoscopy for undescended testis, there are blind testicular vessels. What should be done next?", + "gold_answer": "Nothing is to be done", + "os_answer": " The child should be examined by a urologist.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A lady presented with fatigue and tingling sensation in both hands and legs. On examination, she is found to have a fissured red tongue, lesions at angle of mouth and peripheral neuropathy with a decreased RBC glutathione reductase activity. What is the likely deficient vitamin?", + "gold_answer": "Riboflavin", + "os_answer": "The most likely cause of the symptoms is a deficiency of vitamin B6. The symptoms are most likely due to a deficiency of vitamin B6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A person of eonism derives pleasure from.", + "gold_answer": "Wearing clothes of opposite sex", + "os_answer": " The person of eonism derives pleasure from the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the pleasure of the", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Normal growth of maxilla occurs by", + "gold_answer": "Displacement and drift", + "os_answer": " Normal growth of maxilla occurs by", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about PCL except?", + "gold_answer": "Primary restrain for internal rotation around knee joint", + "os_answer": " All are true about PCL except that it is not a good idea to use it on a pregnant woman.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The strength of association between the risk factor and disease is measured by", + "gold_answer": "Odds ratio/Relative risk", + "os_answer": " The strength of association between the risk factor and disease is measured by the odds ratio.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A researcher wants to (to a study of blood levels of lipids among people who smoke and those who do not. But he is now concerned that the smokers might differ from non-smokers in their diet, exercise, etc as well. This concern is known as:", + "gold_answer": "Selection bias", + "os_answer": "The researchers are right. The smokers are different from the non-smokers in their diet, exercise, etc.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Carbamazepine has been utilized to successfully diminish attacks in trigeminal neuralgia. During this therapy, which of the following is indicated?", + "gold_answer": "Clinical observation and complete blood and platelet counts prior to and at frequent intervals during therapy", + "os_answer": "Carbamazepine is indicated for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Investigation of choice for a lesion of the temporal bone is", + "gold_answer": "CT", + "os_answer": "The most common choice is a temporal bone resection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ligamentum flavum consists of which fibres:-", + "gold_answer": "Elastic", + "os_answer": "The fibres of the ligamentum flavum are the fibres of the ligamentum flavum.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A G3P2, pregnant comes to your clinic at 18 weeks of gestation for genetic counselling. She has a history of two kids born with thalassemia major. Which test would you recommend now?", + "gold_answer": "Cordocentesis", + "os_answer": " A hemoglobin electrophoresis. Question: A G3P2, pregnant comes to your clinic at 18 weeks of gestation for genetic counselling. She has a history of two kids born with thalassemia major. Which test would you recommend now? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Excision of the submandibular gland for calculus or tumours is done by incision below angle of the jaw. Special care should be taken to avoid which nerve?", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular branch of facial nerve", + "os_answer": "The submandibular nerve is a branch of the facial nerve. It is a branch of the facial nerve that runs from the facial nerve to the submandibular gland.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The most common problem with blood transfusion is:", + "gold_answer": "Hemolytic reaction", + "os_answer": " The most common problem with blood transfusion is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A man has 1x1.5cm pedunculated lesion on the soft palate which has a rough, \"warty\" surface but is the same colour as adjacent mucosa. Appropriate management of this lesion is to:", + "gold_answer": "Perform excisional biopsy", + "os_answer": "1. Remove the lesion. 2. Apply a topical steroid. 3. Apply a topical antibiotic. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Black foot is seen in which poisoning?", + "gold_answer": "Arsenic", + "os_answer": " Black foot is seen in which poisoning?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Radiographs of a 40 year old female revealed radiolucent\nareas around several of her mandibular teeth, all which tested vital on the electric pulp tester. These areas represent", + "gold_answer": "Periapical osteofibroses", + "os_answer": " The answer is correct.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tooth brush abrasions are more common on the", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary teeth, on the left half of the arch", + "os_answer": " Tooth brush abrasions are more common on the side of the head.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient is undergoing MRND for laryngeal malignancy; while dissecting the venous tributaries the surgeon elevated the internal jugular vein for ligation. Suddenly the patients EtCO2 dropped from 3g mmHg to 12 mmHg and the patient developed hypotension along with cardiac arrhythmia. Which of the following is most likely cause??", + "gold_answer": "Venous air embolism", + "os_answer": "The patient had a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Flexion, adduction and internal rotation is characteristic posture in -", + "gold_answer": "Posterior dislocation of hip joint", + "os_answer": " The flexion, adduction and internal rotation are characteristic posture in the - ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Ratio of upper anterior facial height to lower anterior facial height is:", + "gold_answer": "45:55:00", + "os_answer": " 1.0. Question: What is the ratio of the upper anterior facial height to the lower anterior facial height? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Saliva which is formed in salivary glands, when passes from salivary gland to duct orifices, it undergoes numerous ion exchanges and as a result\nsaliva become ____________ as compared to plasma:", + "gold_answer": "Hypotonic", + "os_answer": " Plasma", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An 8\u2013day old breast\u2013fed baby presents with vomiting, poor feeding and loose stools. On examination the heart rate is 190/minute, blood pressure 50/30 mmHg, respiratory rate 72 breaths/minute and capillary refill time of 4 seconds. Investigations show hemoglobin level of 15 g/dl. Na 120 mEq/l, K 6.8 mEq/l, Cl 81 meq/l, bicarbonate 15 mEq/l, urea 30 mg/dl and creatinine 0.6 mg/dl. the most likely diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Acute tubular necrosis", + "os_answer": "The baby is suffering from hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is a condition in which the blood sugar level is low. Hypoglycemia is a condition in which the baby is unable to produce enough insulin to maintain the blood sugar level.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following can be used to delay preterm contractions of uterus with best neurological outcome for the fetus?", + "gold_answer": "Mgso4", + "os_answer": " 1. Antibiotics 2. Antihistamines 3. Antidepressants 4. Anticonvulsants 5. Antihypertensives 6. Antihypertensive 7. Antihypertensive drugs 8. Antihypertensive drugs 9. Antihypertensive drugs 10. Antihypertensive drugs 11. Antihypertensive drugs 12. Antihypertensive drugs 13. Antihypertensive drugs 14. Antihypertensive drugs 15. Antihypertensive drugs 16. Antihypertensive drugs 17. Antihypertensive drugs 18. Antihypertensive drugs 19. Antihypertensive drugs 20. Antihypertensive drugs 21. Antihypertensive drugs 22. Antihypertensive drugs 23. Antihypertensive drugs 24. Antihypertensive drugs 25. Antihypertensive drugs 26. Antihypertensive drugs 27. Antihypertensive drugs 28. Antihypertensive drugs 29. Antihypertensive drugs 30. Antihypertensive drugs 31. Antihypertensive drugs 32. Antihypertensive drugs 33. Antihypertensive drugs 34.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Eustachian tube function is best assessed by:", + "gold_answer": "Tympanometry", + "os_answer": "The Eustachian tube is a tube that connects the middle ear to the nose. It is a tube that connects the middle ear to the nose.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most metabolically active layer in the bone is:", + "gold_answer": "Endosteum", + "os_answer": " The bone marrow.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following vitamin is synthesized in vivo, in the body by humans?", + "gold_answer": "Niacin", + "os_answer": " Vitamin B6. Question: Which of the following is the most important vitamin for the body? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 48 years old female presents with seizure, recurrent gross hematuria and left flank abdominal pain. Abdominal CT reveals left perinephric hematoma with 3 cm angiomyolipoma along with multiple right renal angiomyolipoma measuring 1.5 to 6.5 cm. What would be the most probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Tuberous sclerosis", + "os_answer": "The most probable diagnosis is renal angiomyolipoma. The patient is a known case of renal angiomyolipoma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following rightly describes the mechanism of \"Pressor Escape\" in SIADH?", + "gold_answer": "Characterized by sudden increase in urine volume with decrease in urine osmolality independent of circulating vasopressin levels.", + "os_answer": " The mechanism of \"Pressor Escape\" in SIADH is the same as that of \"Pressure Overload\" in SIADH.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour showing which of the following differentiation is termed as \"Triton tumour\"?", + "gold_answer": "Rhabdomyoblastic", + "os_answer": "Triton tumour is a rare type of tumour which is derived from the nerve sheath. It is a benign tumour which is not associated with any other malignancy. It is a slow growing tumour which is not associated with any other malignancy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with:", + "gold_answer": "Transillumination", + "os_answer": " 1. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 2. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 3. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 4. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 5. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 6. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 7. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 8. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 9. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 10. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 11. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 12. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 13. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 14. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 15. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with: 16. The prevalence of pit & fissure caries is measured with:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The access cavity for mandibular first molar typically is", + "gold_answer": "Trapezoid", + "os_answer": "The access cavity for mandibular first molar typically is a small opening in the mandibular bone. The opening is usually located in the mandibular bone, but may be located in the maxilla or the maxillary sinus. The opening is usually about 1 to 2 mm in diameter.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair a tacker was accidently placed below and lateral to the ilio-pubic tract. Postoperatively the patient complained of pain and soreness in the thigh. This is due to the involvement of:", + "gold_answer": "Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh", + "os_answer": "The tacker is a small metal rod that is placed in the ilio-pubic area to prevent the hernia sac from moving laterally. The tacker is not a part of the hernia repair.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Efferent tracts from cerebellum arises from:", + "gold_answer": "Purkinje cells", + "os_answer": "The cerebellum is a part of the brain. The cerebellum is located in the back of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is not an Indication for antibiotic therapy In patients with acute abscess?", + "gold_answer": "Horizontal bone loss", + "os_answer": " The patient should be treated with antibiotics. Question: Which one of the following is not an Indication for antibiotic therapy In patients with chronic abscess? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient of disseminated malignancy comes to the palliative care clinic with nausea, vomiting and altered sensorium. Hypercalcemia is detected on investigations. What will be the first line of management?", + "gold_answer": "Intravenous fluids", + "os_answer": " Hypercalcemia is a common complication of disseminated malignancy. The first line of management is to treat the hypercalcemia with intravenous calcium gluconate. The dose of calcium gluconate is 1.5 gm/kg/day. The dose of calcium gluconate is increased by 0.5 gm/kg/day if the serum calcium level is \\>2.5 mmol/L. The dose of calcium gluconate is decreased by 0.5 gm/kg/day if the serum calcium level is \\<2.5 mmol/L. The dose of calcium gluconate is increased by 0.5 gm/kg/day if the serum calcium level is \\>2.5 mmol/L and the serum creatinine level is \\>1.5 mg/dL. The dose of calcium gluconate is decreased by 0.5 gm/kg/day if the serum creatinine level is \\<1.5 mg/dL. The dose of calcium gluconate is increased by 0.5 gm/kg/day if the serum creatinine level is \\>1.5 mg/dL. The dose of calcium gl", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Space between Apical constriction and Apical foamen is", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": " The space between the apical constriction and the apical foamen is about 1/2 to 1/3 of the length of the apical constriction.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presents with palpitations. O/E the patient was conscious, pulse was fast with BP of 80/50 mmHg. He was subjected to Vagal maneuver and was given intravenous adenosine. The rhythm remains refractory to maximum dose of adenosine. What is the next step in management of this patient?", + "gold_answer": "Cardioversion", + "os_answer": "The patient was given intravenous adenosine.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the name of this technique for palpation of thyroid. A thumb is placed on the lateral side of trachea and patient is swallowing?", + "gold_answer": "Crile method", + "os_answer": "This technique is called the \"palpation of the thyroid\". It is a technique for palpation of the thyroid gland. It is used to diagnose thyroid diseases. It is also used to diagnose thyroid cancer. It is used to diagnose thyroid nodules. It is used to diagnose thyroid cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the typical facies of Down syndrome?", + "gold_answer": "Hypoplastic maxilla", + "os_answer": "Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the development of the brain and nervous system. It is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, which is passed on to the fetus. The fetus is born with a normal brain and nervous system, but the brain and nervous system are smaller than normal. The brain and nervous system are smaller because the extra chromosome 21 is not fully developed.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Exact number of weeks between last menstrual period and expected date of delivery :March 2005", + "gold_answer": "40 weeks", + "os_answer": " The exact number of weeks between last menstrual period and expected date of delivery is between 14 and 21 weeks.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following doesn't occur in 5' to 3' direction?", + "gold_answer": "RNA editing", + "os_answer": "The answer is A. The answer is B. The answer is C. The answer is D. The answer is E. The answer is F. The answer is G. The answer is H. The answer is I. The answer is J. The answer is K. The answer is L. The answer is M. The answer is N. The answer is O. The answer is P. The answer is Q. The answer is R. The answer is S. The answer is T. The answer is U. The answer is V. The answer is W. The answer is X. The answer is Y. The answer is Z.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Dense irregular connective tissue is found in", + "gold_answer": "Dermis", + "os_answer": " The dense irregular connective tissue is found in the intervertebral disc.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Antibiotic that interferes with DNA function is:", + "gold_answer": "Metronidazole", + "os_answer": " Antibiotic that interferes with DNA function is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Muscles spared by complete transection of cranial part of accessory nerve:", + "gold_answer": "Stylopharyngeus", + "os_answer": "The muscles of the face and neck are spared by complete transection of the cranial part of the accessory nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chicken pox infection in mother most dangerous for the baby when it occurs at -", + "gold_answer": "28-37weeks", + "os_answer": " Chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken pox is the most dangerous infection for the baby when it occurs at - The chicken", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is:", + "gold_answer": "Along line of closure of valves", + "os_answer": " The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of lesion in endocarditis of RHD is: The site of les", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In an internal derangement of TMJ fracture, panoramic view has been taken for the patient. To confirm our diagnosis, we may take the help of", + "gold_answer": "MRI", + "os_answer": "The patient has TMJ fracture.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The key ridge useful in assessing malocclusion is present on:", + "gold_answer": "Zygomatic buttress", + "os_answer": " The key ridge is present on the maxillary central incisors.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Local irritating factors in gingiva is most likely give rise to:", + "gold_answer": "Pyogenic granuloma", + "os_answer": "1. Gingival hyperplasia. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is activated by intrinsic or extrinsic pathway's?", + "gold_answer": "Apoptosis", + "os_answer": " A. The intrinsic pathway. B. The extrinsic pathway. C. Both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. D. Neither the intrinsic nor the extrinsic pathways.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are the complications in the new born of a diabetic mother except \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Hyperglycemia", + "os_answer": " The baby is born with a blood glucose level of more than 300 mg/dl.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Vasopressor of choice in pregnancy is:", + "gold_answer": "Ephedrine", + "os_answer": "Vasopressin. Vasopressin is a hormone that is produced by the placenta and is released into the maternal circulation. It is a hormone that is used to treat a number of conditions, including preeclampsia, eclampsia, and preterm labor. Vasopressin is also used to treat a number of conditions in the newborn, including respiratory distress syndrome, jaundice, and jaundice. Vasopressin is also used to treat a number of conditions in the fetus, including preterm labor, fetal distress, and fetal distress. Vasopressin is also used to treat a number of conditions in the infant, including respiratory distress syndrome, jaundice, and jaundice.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following malignancy is not caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection?", + "gold_answer": "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma", + "os_answer": " HPV infection is not the cause of cervical cancer. Question: Which of the following is not caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Stimulated saliva as compared to unstimulated saliva has more", + "gold_answer": "Bicarbonate", + "os_answer": " Stimulated saliva has more of the active ingredients in it.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Periapical bone resorption occurs due to:", + "gold_answer": "Both", + "os_answer": "1. The root canal is performed. 2. The root canal is filled with a root canal filling material. 3. The root canal is obturated with a root canal filling material. 4. The root canal is sealed with a root canal filling material. 5.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Valvular lesion most often resulting from myocardial infarction is:", + "gold_answer": "Mitral regurgitation", + "os_answer": " A. Aortic valve stenosis. B. Mitral valve stenosis. C. Aortic valve insufficiency. D. Mitral valve insufficiency.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient comes to ED with fever and headache. On examination he has neck stiffness. CSF analysis was done:- Parameter Finding Normal range Glucose (mg/dl) 55 50-80 Protein (g/L) 0.50 0.18-0.45 ICT (cmH2O) 35 5-20 WBC 25 (predominantly lymphocytes) <5 Most likely diagnosis is-", + "gold_answer": "Coxsackie", + "os_answer": "Acute meningitis. The patient is admitted to ICU. The patient is started on IV antibiotics. The patient is started on IV steroids. The patient is started on IV fluids.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "When broad-spectrum antibiotics are administered with coumarin anticoagulants, the anticoagulant action may be:", + "gold_answer": "Increased because of reduction of vitamin 'K' sources", + "os_answer": " The anticoagulant action is not affected.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In hemorrhage lost plasma is replaced by:", + "gold_answer": "Kidney", + "os_answer": " The plasma is replaced by the blood.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the most conspicuous sign in breast cancer?", + "gold_answer": "Peau d'orange", + "os_answer": " The most conspicuous sign in breast cancer is the presence of a lump in the breast.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Spastic diplegia", + "os_answer": " The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013 The most common sequelae due to periventricular leukomalacia \u2013", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What should be the position of child during asthmatic attack:", + "gold_answer": "Semi erect", + "os_answer": "The child should be kept in the room with the parents.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient on amphotericin B develops hypokalemia of 2.3 meq/l. K+ supplementation required?", + "gold_answer": "120-160 mEq over 24 hours", + "os_answer": "The patient is on a potassium-sparing diuretic. The patient is also on a potassium-sparing diuretic.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If a patient has gingival recession, how far should the gutta percha be trimmed back before sealing the coronat area?", + "gold_answer": "1 mm below the level of the recession", + "os_answer": " The gingival margin should be trimmed back to the level of the gingival margin. The coronat area should be sealed with a sealer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is common to all types of shock?", + "gold_answer": "Hypotension", + "os_answer": " The patient is in shock. Question: Which of the following is common to all types of shock? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 28 years old female presented with the history of recurrent aboions, pain in calves for 4 years. Patient is suffering from congenital deficiency of:", + "gold_answer": "Protein C", + "os_answer": " Congenital deficiency of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sodium nitroprusside is metabolized to form an active metabolite. This active metabolite of sodium nitroprusside act activation of:-", + "gold_answer": "Guanylate cyclase", + "os_answer": "The active metabolite of sodium nitroprusside is nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator. It is used to treat angina pectoris. It is also used to treat hypertension. It is also used to treat heart failure. It is also used to treat pulmonary hypertension. It is also used to treat pulmonary edema. It is also used to treat pulmonary embolism.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Baroreceptor is which type of feedback?", + "gold_answer": "Negative feedback", + "os_answer": "Baroreceptor is a type of feedback.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient in an ICCU is on CVP line. His blood culture shows growth of Gram +ve cocci which\nare catalase positive and coagulase negative. The most likely etiological agent is:", + "gold_answer": "Staph. epidermidis", + "os_answer": "Gram +ve cocci. The patient is on CVP line.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 55 years old male patient presents with 4 cm x 5 cm lump in right neck. FNAC assessment revealed it to be a squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical assessment of the oral cavity, pharynx, hypopharynx and larynx did not yield any tumor. Whole body PET scan did not show any increased uptake except for the neck mass. A diagnosis of unknown primary was made. According to AJCC system of classification, the TNM status of the tumor would be:", + "gold_answer": "TxN2aMx", + "os_answer": " T1N0M0. The patient was treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. The patient is alive and disease free at the last follow up.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Persons with the greatest risk of oral cancer", + "gold_answer": "Are old, Chronic alcoholics and regularly use tobacco", + "os_answer": " The most common oral cancer is oral leukoplakia. The risk of oral cancer is highest in people who smoke, drink alcohol, and have a family history of oral cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 year old presented to ohopaedic OPD with a Curved Back, AP and Lateral Radiographs are obtained, what is the most likely cause of such deformity?", + "gold_answer": "Congenital", + "os_answer": "The most likely cause of the deformity is a congenital deformity of the spine. The deformity is a result of the fusion of the vertebrae in the lumbar spine.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Essential fatty acid present in breast milk which is required for normal growth of child\nis:", + "gold_answer": "Docosahexanoic acid", + "os_answer": " Yes", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The haemoglobin levels of pregnant females in a community was found to have a mean of 10.6 g/d1, and a standard detion of 2 g/dL. What is the minimum haemoglobin level below which 5% of the pregnant females will have their haemoglobin levels?", + "gold_answer": "6.68", + "os_answer": " The minimum haemoglobin level below which 5% of the pregnant females will have their haemoglobin levels is 10.6 g/dL.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fibrous histiocytoma involves most commonly:", + "gold_answer": "Orbit", + "os_answer": "Fibrous histiocytoma is a rare tumor of the bone. It is a benign tumor that occurs most commonly in the long bones of the extremities. It is a slow growing tumor that can be difficult to diagnose. It is most commonly found in the metaphysis of long bones.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of acute herpetic gingivostomatitis include :", + "gold_answer": "None of the above", + "os_answer": "1. Antiviral drugs. 2. Antibiotics. 3. Antifungal drugs. 4. Antihistamine. 5. Antihistamine and antibiotics. 6. Antihistamine and antifungal drugs. 7.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Primary cartilaginous joint is called as:", + "gold_answer": "Synchondrosis.", + "os_answer": " The shoulder joint is called as: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Biopsy from an eight-year-old child with leg swelling showed smallround blue tumor cells consistent with diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma. What will be the best method to detect translocation t(ll;22) in this malignancy?", + "gold_answer": "FISH", + "os_answer": "The best method to detect translocation t(ll;22) in this malignancy is by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The translocation t(ll;22) is a translocation between the long arm of chromosome 22 and the long arm of chromosome 11.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 7 years old child comes with fever and tibial swelling exhibits on X- ray exhibits periosteal reaction. Laboratory results show raised ESR and TLC. What is the next step in diagnosis of the patient?", + "gold_answer": "MRI", + "os_answer": " The child is diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. The child is treated with intravenous fluids and antibiotics. The child is discharged.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is not true about the salivary gland output in Sjogren's syndrome?", + "gold_answer": "Increase in phosphate concentration", + "os_answer": " The salivary gland output is not increased in Sjogren's syndrome. Question: Which of the following is not true about the salivary gland output in Sjogren's syndrome? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hutchinson's triad includes?", + "gold_answer": "Interstitial keratitis, malformed molars, sensorineural deafness", + "os_answer": "The triad of Hutchinson's triad includes?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Check point for ZMC fracture reduction is:", + "gold_answer": "Intraorbital margin", + "os_answer": "The fracture is not reduced.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Stoppage of which of the following drugs can result in anxiety and insomnia causing discontinuation syndrome?", + "gold_answer": "Venlafaxine", + "os_answer": "None", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient complains of sensitivity in a Mandibular premolar. A well condensed class V amalgam restoration was placed in that tooth 5 months ago, with no discomfort for the first 4 months. Since then it has become increasingly sensitive. The problem probably relates to:", + "gold_answer": "Irreversible pulpal damage", + "os_answer": " The amalgam has been in the mouth for a long time. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The function of reciprocal clasp arm is:", + "gold_answer": "c)\tTo counteract the movement of denture which is caused during engagement of retentive arm", + "os_answer": " The function of reciprocal clasp arm is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Vulcanization refers to the setting of:", + "gold_answer": "Mercaptan impression material", + "os_answer": " The word \"vulcanize\" is a contraction of the word \"vulcan\" and the word \"arcanize\" which means to set. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in", + "gold_answer": "Hand-Schuller-Christian disease", + "os_answer": " Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in Diabetes insipidus, bone lesions and exophthalmos is seen in", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What are the appropriate instructions to be given while prescribing bisphosphonates to a patient:", + "gold_answer": "To be given empty stomach with a glass of water", + "os_answer": " The patient should be instructed to take bisphosphonates at least every three months.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A type of immediately occurring reaction in which antigens combine with antibodies already attached \nto the surface of mast cells and basophils is called:", + "gold_answer": "Type I hypersensitivity", + "os_answer": " Antibody-antigen reaction.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Toxic shock syndrome is due to the following virulence factor:", + "gold_answer": "Pyrogenic exotoxin", + "os_answer": " Toxic shock syndrome is due to the following virulence factor:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which surface of tooth has most of plaque?", + "gold_answer": "Gingival third of tooth surface", + "os_answer": " The dentin surface. Question: Which surface of tooth has most of bacteria? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Epidural venous plexus is located in", + "gold_answer": "In vertebral canal above duramater", + "os_answer": " The epidural venous plexus is located in the epidural space.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young marathon runner is paicipating in a marathon competition. After running for 100 m, he develops at the anteromedial aspect of tibia which was mild to sta with, but increased on fuher running. X ray was normal. The doctor ordered a bonescan. What is the likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Shin splint", + "os_answer": " The diagnosis is osteochondritis dissecans. The doctor ordered a bonescan. What is the likely diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A man presents it n rashes on face and also complains of decreased mental function. He is also having few macular lesions on his skin. On CT scan, intracranial calcification was seen. His wife is normal. His 10-year old daughter is also normal but his 6-year old son is also having similar skin lesions. What would be the most likely diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Autosomal dominant inheritance", + "os_answer": "The most likely diagnosis is intracranial calcification. The most likely cause of intracranial calcification is trauma. The most likely cause of the skin lesions is a viral infection. The most likely cause of the macular lesions is a viral infection. The most likely cause of the mental dysfunction is a viral infection. The most likely cause of the decreased mental function is a viral infection.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What causes malignant hyperpyrexia?", + "gold_answer": "Suxamethonium", + "os_answer": "Malignant hyperpyrexia is a condition that occurs when the body\u2019s immune system is overactive. It is caused by a virus that is spread through the air. The virus is called the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The virus is spread through the air.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "White rough pedunculated lesion on palate is most likely:", + "gold_answer": "Papilloma", + "os_answer": "1. A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Advantage of wide palatal bar over narrow bar is:", + "gold_answer": "Less bulk", + "os_answer": " Wide palatal bar is more comfortable for the patient. Question: What is the advantage of wide palatal bar over narrow bar? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is pierced during posterior superior alveolar nerve Block?", + "gold_answer": "Buccinator", + "os_answer": " The nerve is pierced during the injection of local anesthetic. Question: Which of these is pierced during the injection of local anesthetic? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A suitable fixative for a routine biopsy specimen is", + "gold_answer": "10% formalin", + "os_answer": "The fixative should be aqueous.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following zone is characterized by macrophages and osteoclasts?", + "gold_answer": "Zone of irritation", + "os_answer": " Osteoporosis. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of osteoporosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Not a feature of infective endocarditis:", + "gold_answer": "Thrombus in left atria.", + "os_answer": "Infective endocarditis is a disease of the heart.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Basically TMJ is a:", + "gold_answer": "Diarthrodal joint", + "os_answer": "The jaw joint is a joint between the jawbone and the skull. The jawbone is the bone that connects the skull to the face. The skull is the bone that holds the brain and the face.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Principle secretory cells found in the single layer outlining the pulp (Ourtermost zone of pulp)", + "gold_answer": "Odontoblast", + "os_answer": "The secretory cells are located in the single layer outlining the pulp.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Cervical resorption after bleaching is prevented by:", + "gold_answer": "Sodium perborate + calcium hydroxide", + "os_answer": " Cervical resorption after bleaching is prevented by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is done for screening of Down's syndrome in first trimester?", + "gold_answer": "Beta HCG and PAPP-A", + "os_answer": "1. Screening for Down's syndrome in first trimester. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Muscles of mastication are supplied by:", + "gold_answer": "Second part of maxillary artery", + "os_answer": " Muscles of mastication are supplied by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Thumb sucking is normal during:", + "gold_answer": "First 2 years of life.", + "os_answer": "1. The thumb is the most sensitive part of the hand. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The nerve supply for motor action of buccinator:", + "gold_answer": "Facial nerve", + "os_answer": "The buccinator nerve is the nerve that supplies the muscles of the buccinator.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common single cause of pyrexia of unknown origin", + "gold_answer": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", + "os_answer": " Pyrexia of unknown origin is a common presentation of fever of unknown origin. It is a common cause of fever in children and adults. It is usually caused by a viral infection. The most common viral infections that cause pyrexia of unknown origin are influenza, parainfluenza, and adenovirus. The most common viral infections that cause fever of unknown origin are influenza, parainfluenza, and adenovirus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tongue movement has its primary effect on", + "gold_answer": "Palatoglossus arch", + "os_answer": " Tongue movement has its primary effect on the tongue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Edge angle is the angle between:", + "gold_answer": "Rake face and clearance face.", + "os_answer": " The angle between the two lines.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Placenta grade 3, 35+3 weeks pregnancy, and absent end diastolic flow Doppler; next ,management is:-", + "gold_answer": "Talk with pediatrician and termination", + "os_answer": "I am a new mother and I am having a baby. I am having a baby and I am having a baby.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In mandibular first molar, extra distal root is known as", + "gold_answer": "Radix entomolaris", + "os_answer": " The extra distal root is called as the third molar.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Girdle like elevation on the lingual surface of anteriors is", + "gold_answer": "Cingulam", + "os_answer": " The lingual surface of the anteriors is elevated.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Angio fibroma is classified as what stage if it extends to one or more paranasal sinuses", + "gold_answer": "Stage I", + "os_answer": "Stage I: It is a benign tumor that is not malignant. It is a benign tumor that is not malignant.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A lady underwent vaginal hysterectomy for Carci!noma cervix. Following the surgery after her urethral catheter was removed, she complained of urinary in!continence. On examination she had normal voiding as well as continuous incontinence. Methylene blue dye was instilled in her bladder through her urethra and she was given oral Phenazopyridine dye. After some time her pads were checked and it showed yellow staining at the top most pad, while the middle or bottom pads were unstained. She is likely to have:", + "gold_answer": "Ureterovaginal fistula", + "os_answer": "The urine stained at the top most pad is likely to be due to the methylene blue dye. The urine stained at the middle or bottom pads is likely to be due to the Phenazopyridine dye. The urine stained at the top most pad is likely to be due to the Phenazopyridine dye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which among the following is used for sharpening of both stainless steel and carbon steel instrument:", + "gold_answer": "Diamond.", + "os_answer": " A sharpening stone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The initial pulpal response to any insult is:", + "gold_answer": "Inflammation", + "os_answer": " The initial pulpal response to any insult is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Calcification in enamel starts at :", + "gold_answer": "DEJ", + "os_answer": "The enamel is the hardest substance in the body. It is the hardest substance in the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 25 year old lady on treatment for rheumatoid ahritis has following lab findings: Hb-9gm/dl, MCV- 55fl, serum iron-30microgm/d1, ferritin 200 ng/ml, TIBC- 298 micrograms/dl. What is the most probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Anemia of chronic disease", + "os_answer": " Rheumatoid arthritis. Question: A 25 year old lady on treatment for rheumatoid arthritis has following lab findings: Hb-9gm/dl, MCV- 55fl, serum iron-30microgm/d1, ferritin 200 ng/ml, TIBC- 298 micrograms/dl. What is the most probable diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "IQ range 90-109 is:", + "gold_answer": "Average.", + "os_answer": " 90-109 is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the codon for selenocysteine?", + "gold_answer": "UGA", + "os_answer": " The codon for selenocysteine is CGA.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following muscles are grouped together as \"muscles of mastication\" except:", + "gold_answer": "Buccinator", + "os_answer": "The muscles of mastication are the muscles that move the jaw and tongue.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mid palatal split following Le-Fort 1 osteotomy is done by moving the maxilla in which direction?", + "gold_answer": "Transverse", + "os_answer": " The maxillary incisors are the incisors that are in the maxillary arch. Question: What is the difference between the maxillary and mandibular incisors? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Two bodies are found outside the car following an accident. The doctor conducting the autopsy was able to decide who was driver based on all of these features except:", + "gold_answer": "Sparrow foot marks", + "os_answer": "The doctor was able to determine that the driver was the one who was driving the car.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tissue conditioners are not used for long as they", + "gold_answer": "Harden in mouth", + "os_answer": " The tissue conditioners are used for a short time.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Absorption of fluoride in child takes place mainly in", + "gold_answer": "Intestine", + "os_answer": "The fluoride is absorbed in the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In CRISPR-Cas 9 system, which repair mechanism is used for genome editing?", + "gold_answer": "Non homologous end repair", + "os_answer": "The repair mechanism is the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair mechanism. The repair mechanism is used for genome editing.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Mucocutaneous circumoral pigmentation is found in:", + "gold_answer": "Peutz-Jeghers syndrome", + "os_answer": "1. The skin of the face, neck, and hands. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis:", + "gold_answer": "GGT", + "os_answer": " Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis: Biomarker of alcoholic hepatitis:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The diameter of the tip of a periodontal probe is:", + "gold_answer": "0.5 mm", + "os_answer": " The diameter of the tip of a periodontal probe is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are characteristic features of superior semicircular canal dehiscence except?", + "gold_answer": "SNHL", + "os_answer": "The superior semicircular canal is a canal that is located in the superior portion of the temporal bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Treatment of choice for a patient with gonococcal as well as non-gonococcal urethritis is:", + "gold_answer": "Azithromycin 2 g oral single dose", + "os_answer": " Antibiotic treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "4 day old breastfed neonate, otherwise well, term neonate presented with jaundice, on testing the bilirubin level was found to be 18 mg/dl. Which of the following is the best step of management?", + "gold_answer": "Sta phototherapy and continue breast feeding", + "os_answer": "1. Administer intravenous fluids. 2. Administer intravenous antibiotics. 3.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After planning an implant in lower molar region, patient complains of inability to chew by other teeth on same side. What should be your first step in treating this patient", + "gold_answer": "Check the occlusion in centric", + "os_answer": "First, you should check the patient\u2019s oral health. If the patient has a history of periodontal disease, you should consult a periodontist. If the patient has a history of dental caries, you should consult a dentist. If the patient has a history of dental trauma, you should consult a dentist. If the patient has a history of dental erosion, you should consult a dentist. If the patient has a history of dental fluorosis, you should consult a dentist.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following are true about polymerization shrinkage of composite resin except:", + "gold_answer": "The more surface area of bonded structure causes LESS shrinkage compare to surface area of unbounded structure restoration.", + "os_answer": " The polymerization shrinkage of composite resin is a function of the polymerization time and the polymerization temperature. Question: What is the difference between the polymerization shrinkage of composite resin and that of glass ionomer cements? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chi-square test is used to measure the degree of:", + "gold_answer": "Association between two variables", + "os_answer": " Chi-square test is used to measure the degree of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cause of bone destruction in juvenile periodontitis is:", + "gold_answer": "Reduced neutrophilic chemotaxis", + "os_answer": " The cause of bone destruction in juvenile periodontitis is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Infective endocarditis due to pseudomonas is most commonly seen with:", + "gold_answer": "Intravenous drug abuse of pentazocin.", + "os_answer": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infective endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most commonly seen with: Pseudomonas aeruginosa.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best index to measure cardiac afterload is:", + "gold_answer": "Total peripheral resistance", + "os_answer": " The best index to measure cardiac afterload is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Apical migration of the epithelial attachment with corresponding recession of the marginal gingiva results in?", + "gold_answer": "A shallow sulcus", + "os_answer": " The apical migration of the epithelial attachment with corresponding recession of the marginal gingiva results in a gingival recession.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is the most common symptom of aooiliac occlusive disease?", + "gold_answer": "Gluteal claudication", + "os_answer": " Pain in the left groin. Question: Which of the following is the most common symptom of aooiliac occlusive disease? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In mechanical trituration of amalgam, what is adversely affected ?", + "gold_answer": "Working time", + "os_answer": " The amalgam is not affected by the mechanical trituration.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Millennium development goal was adopted in which year?", + "gold_answer": "2000", + "os_answer": " 2000 ", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Direction of placement of retentive pin holes should be:", + "gold_answer": "Parallel to external tooth surface", + "os_answer": " The direction of placement of retentive pin holes should be:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10\u2013month old baby previously normal, suddenly becomes distressed in his crib. The external appearance of genitalia was normal, except hyperpigmentation. lood glucose showed a level of 30 mg%. What is the most probable diagnosis ?", + "gold_answer": "Familial glucocorticoid deficiency", + "os_answer": " Hyperglycemia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The largest commissure of the brain:", + "gold_answer": "Corpus callosum", + "os_answer": "The largest commissure of the brain is the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the two hemispheres of the brain. The corpus callosum is made up of two bundles of nerve fibers that run from the two sides of the brain to the two sides of the brain.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 32 weeks pregnant diabetic female with NST non reactive. What should be done next?", + "gold_answer": "Proceed to biophysical profile", + "os_answer": "The patient should be admitted to the hospital for observation and monitoring. The patient should be monitored for the development of hypoglycemia. The patient should be monitored for the development of hyperglycemia. The patient should be monitored for the development of ketoacidosis. The patient should be monitored for the development of hyperosmolar coma. The patient should be monitored for the development of hyperkalemia. The patient should be monitored for the development of hyperlactatemia. The patient should be monitored for the development of hypernatremia.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Renal agenesis is associated with:", + "gold_answer": "Oligohydramnios", + "os_answer": " 1. Renal agenesis is associated with: 2. Renal agenesis is associated with: 3. Renal agenesis is associated with: 4. Renal agenesis is associated with: 5. Renal agenesis is associated with: 6. Renal agenesis is associated with: 7. Renal agenesis is associated with: 8. Renal agenesis is associated with: 9. Renal agenesis is associated with: 10. Renal agenesis is associated with: 11. Renal agenesis is associated with: 12. Renal agenesis is associated with: 13. Renal agenesis is associated with: 14. Renal agenesis is associated with: 15. Renal agenesis is associated with: 16. Renal agenesis is associated with: 17. Renal agenesis is associated with: 18. Renal agenesis is associated with: 19. Renal agenesis is associated with: 20. Renal agenesis is associated with: 21. Renal agenesis is associated with: 22. Renal agenesis is associated with: 23. Renal agenesis is associated with: 24. Ren", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Scaphocephaly is caused by premature fusion of:", + "gold_answer": "Sagittal suture", + "os_answer": "The skull is not fused.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient comes to your clinic with a complaint of multiple episodes of loose watery stool for 3 days. On probing, you discover that these episodes sta after he had ingested shellfish at a local restaurant 3 days back and other people who had food from that restaurant had similar symptoms. What is the most common cause of viral diarrhoea in adults?", + "gold_answer": "Norovirus", + "os_answer": "Viral diarrhoea is caused by a number of different viruses. The most common cause of viral diarrhoea in adults is rotavirus. The symptoms of rotavirus diarrhoea are similar to those of viral diarrhoea. The most common symptoms of rotavirus diarrhoea are: loose stools, fever, and vomiting. The most common symptoms of viral diarrhoea in children are: fever, vomiting, and diarrhoea.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever, which of the following is most impoant to monitor?", + "gold_answer": "Hematocrit", + "os_answer": " The patient should be monitored for the development of shock.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "TRUE statement regarding nerve supply of adrenal gland", + "gold_answer": "Preganglionic fibres from lower thoracic & upper lumbar spinal segments sympathetic chain", + "os_answer": " True.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum contribution to the refractive power of the eye is by which pa of the eye?", + "gold_answer": "Anterior surface of cornea", + "os_answer": "The maximum contribution to the refractive power of the eye is by the cornea. The cornea is the transparent layer of the eye. The cornea is the most important part of the eye.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If the interocclusal distance is increased beyond physiologic limits, the patients chief complaint may result from:", + "gold_answer": "A muscular imbalance", + "os_answer": " The interocclusal distance is increased beyond physiologic limits, the patients chief complaint may result from:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best radiograph to obtain a view of maxillary sinus is:", + "gold_answer": "Waters view", + "os_answer": " The best radiograph to obtain a view of maxillary sinus is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fracture of gold restoration primarily depends on", + "gold_answer": "Restoration design", + "os_answer": "The restoration of the fracture is mainly dependent on the fracture healing process. The fracture healing process is a complex process that involves the formation of new bone, the formation of new blood vessels, and the formation of new cartilage. The formation of new bone is the most important part of the fracture healing process. The formation of new blood vessels is also important. The formation of new cartilage is also important. The formation of new bone and new blood vessels are the most important parts of the fracture healing process.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A neonate presents with jaundice and clay coloured stools. Liver biopsy shows giant cells diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Neonatal hepatitis with extrahepatic biliary atresia", + "os_answer": " Giant cells are a type of lymphoma.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "'Potts puffy' tumour is:", + "gold_answer": "An extradural abscess", + "os_answer": " 'Yes'", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In constructing a fixed partial denture for a patient, the\ndentist will use a hygienic pontic. Which of the following\nwill primarily determine the faciolingual dimension of\nthe occlusal portion of this pontic?", + "gold_answer": "The position of the opposing contact areas", + "os_answer": " The most common method\nof constructing a fixed partial denture is to use\na pontic that is approximately 1.5 mm in thickness. Question: Which of the following is the most common method of constructing a fixed partial denture? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In treating a tooth with a nonvital pulp and a sinus, the\nsinus should be treated as follows:", + "gold_answer": "No special treatment", + "os_answer": " The sinus should be treated as follows:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Pain and sensitivity in a tooth with onlay after 4 months is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Supra occlusion", + "os_answer": " Toothache.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which cell releases vasoactive amine so as to increase vascular permeability?", + "gold_answer": "Mast cell", + "os_answer": " The endothelial cells of the blood vessels. Question: Which cell releases vasoactive amine so as to increase vascular permeability? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Incomplete casting is the result of:", + "gold_answer": "Narrow sprue diameter", + "os_answer": " A cast is a cast. Question: What is the difference between a cast and a cast? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hepatitis B occurs after an incubation period of:", + "gold_answer": "3 months", + "os_answer": " 1 year.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A tooth can be made to appear shorter by", + "gold_answer": "Positioning gingival height of contour incisally", + "os_answer": " The tooth is made to appear shorter by the action of the muscles of the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Standardized technique of cleaning and shaping was given by:", + "gold_answer": "Ingle", + "os_answer": " The standard technique of cleaning and shaping is to use a soft brush to clean the skin and then to use a soft brush to shape the skin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a patient with post-tuberculosis bronchiectasis, which of the following will you observe on auscultation?", + "gold_answer": "Both early and late inspiratory crackles", + "os_answer": " The patient has a cough due to a lung infection. Question: Which of the following is the most likely cause of a patient's cough? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Radiograph of a periodontal ligament of a tooth which has lost its antagonist shows:", + "gold_answer": "Narrowing of PDL space", + "os_answer": "The ligament is intact. Question: A patient has a tooth which has lost its antagonist. The patient is asked to remove the tooth. The patient is asked to remove the tooth and to place the tooth in a vise. The patient is asked to place the tooth in a vise and to place the tooth in a vise.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The property of amalgam that makes it undesirable to bevel occlusal margins of an amalgam cavity preparation is its:", + "gold_answer": "Brittleness", + "os_answer": " The property of amalgam that makes it undesirable to bevel occlusal margins of an amalgam cavity preparation is its:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "4 year old boy presented with recurrent chest infections. Sweat chloride test was done, showed values of 36 and 42. What is the next best investigation to confirm the diagnosis ?", + "gold_answer": "Transepithelial nasal potential difference", + "os_answer": " Chest X-ray showed complete resolution of the cavities. What is the next best investigation to confirm the diagnosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following type of collagen is present in healing and granulation tissue?", + "gold_answer": "Type III", + "os_answer": " Type I collagen.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following hematological disease is associated with periodontal disease?", + "gold_answer": "AIDS", + "os_answer": " Periodontal disease is associated with hematological disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which among the following laboratory investigation is best to reveal bleeding in Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DtC.?", + "gold_answer": "Increased FDPs", + "os_answer": " The following laboratory investigation is best to reveal bleeding in DtC:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Monitoring and diagnosis after completion of H. pylori treatment is done through", + "gold_answer": "urea breath test", + "os_answer": " The treatment is completed. Question: What is the difference between the two? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "ECG with \"mean\" axis of 90deg. In which lead there would be the maximum voltage of R wave?", + "gold_answer": "aVF", + "os_answer": " In which lead there would be the maximum voltage of R wave?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following is the most common tumor associated with type I neurofibromatosis \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Optic nerve glioma", + "os_answer": "Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder that affects 1 in every 2,000 people. It is a rare disease that affects the nervous system. It is caused by a mutation in the NF1 gene. The NF1 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 17.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Etching depth after 30 sec for orthodontic bracket with orthophosphoric acid is:", + "gold_answer": "10 \u03bcm \u2014 20 \u03bcm", + "os_answer": " The etching depth is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A nurse got accidental prick from the HIV infected needle. Which of the following statements is false regarding the management of this nurse?", + "gold_answer": "Zidovudine is used as monotherapy for post-exposure prophylaxis", + "os_answer": " The nurse was given a tetanus shot. Question: A nurse got accidental prick from the HIV infected needle. Which of the following statements is false regarding the management of this nurse? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A screening test is used in the same way in two similar populations but the proportion of false positive results in population A is lower than that in population B. what is the likely explanation?", + "gold_answer": "The prevalence of the disease is higher in population A", + "os_answer": " The proportion of false positive results is lower in population A than in population B because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because the proportion of false positive results is lower in population A because", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If untreated, percentage of mother to child transmission of HIV during delivery without intervention in a non-breast fed child is:", + "gold_answer": "15-30%", + "os_answer": " 0%", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The cell junctions allowing exchange of cytoplasmic molecules between two cells are called:", + "gold_answer": "Gap junctions", + "os_answer": " The cell junctions allowing exchange of cytoplasmic molecules between two cells are called:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Difference between the skin and mucosa of cheek is:", + "gold_answer": "Thin lamina and non keratinized mucosa of cheek", + "os_answer": "The skin is the outer layer of the body. The mucosa is the inner layer of the body.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Scaphoid fracture at waist with retrograde blood supply. Which segment is most susceptible to avascular necrosis?", + "gold_answer": "Proximal", + "os_answer": "The most susceptible segment is the proximal segment. The proximal segment is the segment that is most susceptible to avascular necrosis.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What are the cut-off values in 2 hours oral glucose tolerance test for fasting and at 1 hour and 2 hours after meals respectively?", + "gold_answer": "92, 180, 153", + "os_answer": " The cut-off values for fasting and at 1 hour and 2 hours after meals are 1.5 mmol/l and 2.5 mmol/l respectively.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "On abdominal ultrasound gallbladder shows diffuse wall thickening with hyperechoic nodules at neck and comet tail aifacts. The most likely diagnosis will be:", + "gold_answer": "Adenomyomatosis", + "os_answer": " Gallbladder cancer.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The amino acid, which is used in the estimation of collagen is:", + "gold_answer": "Hydroxyproline", + "os_answer": " The amino acid, which is used in the estimation of collagen is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child with Down's syndrome has Moon facies, retarded mentally and which of the facial characteristics:", + "gold_answer": "Maxillary hypoplasia", + "os_answer": "The child has Moon facies. The child has retarded mentally.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Haddon matrix is related to:", + "gold_answer": "Communicable diseases", + "os_answer": " The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to: The Haddon matrix is related to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Expected surgical procedure most frequently indicated for odontogenic cysts is:", + "gold_answer": "Enucleation", + "os_answer": " None.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A boy complains of bleeding gums, swollen, Joints with hemorrhage into joints. His paternal and maternal uncle complains of same problem. It is due to deficiency of factor:", + "gold_answer": "VIII", + "os_answer": "The boy is suffering from hereditary hemorrhagic disease. The disease is hereditary and is inherited from father to son.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Deepest layer of deep cervical fascia is", + "gold_answer": "Prevertebral", + "os_answer": "The deepest layer of deep cervical fascia is the fascia that runs from the base of the skull to the base of the neck. The fascia is a thin, fibrous band that runs from the base of the skull to the base of the neck.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In the formula for urea clearance, C = U x V/P, what does U stands for:", + "gold_answer": "Urinary concentration in mg/ml", + "os_answer": " Urea.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Trisodium phosphate in alginate acts as:", + "gold_answer": "Retarder", + "os_answer": "1. A. Antibacterial. 2. Antifungal. 3. Antiviral. 4. Antiparasitic. 5. Antiseptic. 6. Antitussive. 7. Antitumor. 8.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For measuring hardness of Co-Cr alloy, which hardness test is used?", + "gold_answer": "Rockwell hardness test", + "os_answer": "The hardness test is the most important test for the hardness of Co-Cr alloy. The hardness test is used to measure the hardness of Co-Cr alloy.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "One day after complete mouth extraction, blue black spots are seen on the neck of the patients. These spots indicate:", + "gold_answer": "Postoperative ecchymosis", + "os_answer": " The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is: The answer is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "painful crater like 1.5 cm ulcer develops within one week on the hard palate mucosa of a 40 year old female. The most likely diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Necrotizing sialometaplasia", + "os_answer": " The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis is: The most likely diagnosis", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common cause of lobar hemorrhage in elderly age group ?", + "gold_answer": "Amyloid angiopathy", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of lobar hemorrhage in elderly age group is pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism is a common cause of lobar hemorrhage in elderly age group.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from:", + "gold_answer": "Alpha granules", + "os_answer": " Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived growth factor is released in vessels from: Platelet derived", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Maximum chances of fracture are present when which of these forces are present on a bone:", + "gold_answer": "Tension", + "os_answer": "1. The force of gravity. 2. The force of compression. 3. The force of tension. 4. The force of shear. 5. The force of bending. 6. The force of torsion. 7. The force of rotation. 8.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Phrenic nerve chiefly supplies?", + "gold_answer": "Diaphragm", + "os_answer": "The phrenic nerve supplies the diaphragm, the diaphragmatic muscle, and the diaphragmatic nerve. The phrenic nerve is the largest nerve in the body, and it is also the longest nerve in the body. The phrenic nerve is located in the neck, and it is also located in the chest. The phrenic nerve is also located in the abdomen. The phrenic nerve is also located in the upper arm. The phrenic nerve is also located in the lower arm. The phrenic nerve is also located in the upper leg. The phrenic nerve is also located in the lower leg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During surgical excision of the parotid gland the following structures may be damaged:", + "gold_answer": "Facial nerve and auriculotemporal nerve", + "os_answer": " The parotid duct, the facial nerve, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch, the facial nerve branch", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A dye injected in to space to see the joint is known as:", + "gold_answer": "Arthrography", + "os_answer": " A dye injected in to space to see the joint is known as:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An elderly male presents with T3NO laryngeal carcinoma. What would be the management?", + "gold_answer": "Concurrent chemoradiotherapy", + "os_answer": "The patient is a 65-year-old male with a history of smoking and alcohol abuse. He has a history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. He is a smoker and has a history of alcohol abuse.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which is the only anterior teeth with Mesiodistal size more than Cervicoincisal dimension", + "gold_answer": "Deciduous upper lateral incisor", + "os_answer": " The maxillary incisors.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which among the following is not true about ankylosing spondylitis?", + "gold_answer": "More common in Females", + "os_answer": " Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the spine. Question: Which among the following is not true about ankylosing spondylitis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Occulomotor nerve passes through", + "gold_answer": "Superior orbital fissure", + "os_answer": " The occulomotor nerve passes through the occipital bone.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child presents to the emergency with a history of ingestion of button battery, on X-ray it was found in the stomach or duodenum. What is the next step?", + "gold_answer": "Wait and watch", + "os_answer": " The child should be admitted to the hospital for further evaluation and treatment.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "True about Arrangement of hydroxyapatite crystals in Enamel rods?", + "gold_answer": "Both", + "os_answer": " Yes, the hydroxyapatite crystals are arranged in the enamel rods.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Predisposing clinical condition for endodontic flare up?", + "gold_answer": "Asymptomatic necrotic pulp with periapical lesion", + "os_answer": "The patient has a history of chronic sinusitis and has been treated with antibiotics for a long time.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Excess of plasma level of lignocaine can cause cardiovascular collapse due to:", + "gold_answer": "Myocardial depression", + "os_answer": "1. Lignocaine is a local anesthetic. 2. Lignocaine is a weak base. 3. Lignocaine is a weak acid. 4.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Best noninvasive investigation to check for bility of myocardium is:", + "gold_answer": "FDG-18 PET CT", + "os_answer": " A. Echocardiography. B. Cardiac catheterization. C. Nuclear medicine. D. Magnetic resonance imaging.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient is diagnosed of oral cancer of stage T3N2M0", + "gold_answer": "Surgery + radiotherapy", + "os_answer": "The patient is diagnosed of oral cancer of stage T3N2M0.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "GFR is increased by all except?", + "gold_answer": "Renal stone in ureter", + "os_answer": " GFR is increased by all except.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Muscle that attaches to zygomatic process of maxilla:", + "gold_answer": "Masseter", + "os_answer": "The muscle is called zygomaticomandibular ligament. It is a ligament that connects the zygomatic process of the maxilla to the zygomatic process of the mandible.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Patient complaint of loose immediate dentures today morning, and also told that this happened 2-3 days back also. What could be the possible reason", + "gold_answer": "Continuous healing of defect", + "os_answer": "The dentures are loose. The dentures are loose because the patient has not been eating properly. The patient has not been eating properly because the patient has not been eating properly.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 22 years old gravida 3 para 2 lady delivers a normal child followed by delivery of an intact placenta. Following delivery, the lady develops severe per vaginal bleeding after 30 minutes. On table sonogram revealed retained placental tissue. What is the suspected type of placenta?", + "gold_answer": "Placenta succenturiata", + "os_answer": " The placenta is removed. What is the prognosis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In ALL patient; at which stage can the orthodontic treatment be done:", + "gold_answer": "During chemotherapy", + "os_answer": " At the stage of the treatment of the teeth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which diseases are infectious but not communicable?", + "gold_answer": "Tetanus", + "os_answer": " Diseases that are infectious but not communicable are diseases that are not infectious.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Deepening the pulpal floor during cavity preparation\nprovides for", + "gold_answer": "Resistance form", + "os_answer": "None", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most constant and valuable trait to differentiate among maxillary 1st , 2nd and 3rd molars is", + "gold_answer": "Relative position of DL groove", + "os_answer": "The maxillary 1st molar is the most constant and valuable trait to differentiate among maxillary 1st, 2nd and 3rd molars. The maxillary 2nd molar is the most constant and valuable trait to differentiate among maxillary 1st, 2nd and 3rd molars. The maxillary 3rd molar is the most constant and valuable trait to differentiate among maxillary 1st, 2nd and 3rd molars.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The odontoblasts killed during cavity preparation are derived from:", + "gold_answer": "Undifferentiated cells", + "os_answer": "The odontoblasts are derived from the dental pulp.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All are true about aneuploidy except:", + "gold_answer": "Occurrence of aneuploidy has no relation with the progression of mother's age", + "os_answer": " Aneuploidy is a genetic disorder that causes an abnormal number of chromosomes. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Progenitor hematopoietic stem cells originate in", + "gold_answer": "Bone marrow", + "os_answer": "The stem cells are derived from the bone marrow. The bone marrow is a fluid-filled organ that contains blood cells, red blood cells, and white blood cells. The bone marrow is a part of the bone marrow.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of these is most commonly used as pre-anesthetic medication?", + "gold_answer": "Glycopyrrolate", + "os_answer": " Anesthetic agents. Question: Which of these is most commonly used as a pain reliever? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If a permanent first molar is lost, the permanent second molar drifts to the:", + "gold_answer": "Mesial side", + "os_answer": " The permanent second molar drifts to the left side of the mouth. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The best marker for neural tube defect is:", + "gold_answer": "Acetyl cholinesterase", + "os_answer": " The best marker for neural tube defect is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A female come to gynaeoPD for preconceptual counseling, with history of two second trimester aboions. What is the next investigation you will advice", + "gold_answer": "TVS", + "os_answer": "The next investigation is a transvaginal ultrasound. The ultrasound will show the position of the fetus and the placenta. The placenta will be seen to be in the correct position.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The pattern of change of disease of mortality and morbidity where the pandemics of infection are replaced by degenerative and manmade disorders as the main cause of morbidity and mortality is known as?", + "gold_answer": "Epidemiological transition", + "os_answer": " The pattern of change of disease of mortality and morbidity where the pandemics of infection are replaced by degenerative and manmade disorders as the main cause of morbidity and mortality is known as?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Bond found in GIC is:", + "gold_answer": "Ionic bond", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An adolescent male patient came with pain in calf muscles on exercise. On biopsy excessive amount of glycogen present was found to be present in the muscle. What is the most likely enzyme deficiency?", + "gold_answer": "Phosphorylase enzyme", + "os_answer": " The most likely enzyme deficiency is a defect in the muscle glycogen phosphorylase. The patient was treated with a diet high in carbohydrates and low in protein. The patient was also treated with a drug that inhibits the enzyme. The patient was able to resume exercise and was able to return to school.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 20-year-old male presents with hard painless testicular swellingon investigation AFP is 3080. No paraaoic or iliac nodes as well as no mediastinal lymph nodes found. usG shows uniform echotexture and small areas of necrosis surrounding structures are normal.What is the next best steP:", + "gold_answer": "High inguinal orchidectomy", + "os_answer": "The next best step is to perform a biopsy of the testis. The biopsy will show the presence of a seminiferous tubule with a normal spermatogenesis. The biopsy will also show the presence of a spermatogonial stem cell.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Shape of 1st Maxillary molar", + "gold_answer": "Rhomboid", + "os_answer": "The first molar is a small, flat, and flat-topped tooth. It is the most common tooth in the mouth. It is the tooth that is most often seen in the mouth.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Stable element in Ti6Al4V in alpha phase is?", + "gold_answer": "Al", + "os_answer": " The stable element in Ti6Al4V in alpha phase is Ti.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient with a history of fall after hypoglycemic episode presents with pain in bilateral preauricular region and deviation of the mandible to right side on mouth opening, probable diagnosis will be", + "gold_answer": "Fracture of right condyle", + "os_answer": "The patient is suffering from diabetes mellitus and has a history of fall after hypoglycemic episode. The patient is complaining of pain in bilateral preauricular region and deviation of the mandible to right side on mouth opening.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Polishing of composite is problematic due to", + "gold_answer": "Soft matrix and hard filler particles", + "os_answer": " The polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of composite is problematic due to the fact that the polishing of", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Lithium should be stopped how many days before anaesthesia", + "gold_answer": "3 days", + "os_answer": " Lithium should be stopped how many days before anaesthesia", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10 year old boy presents with midline swelling arising from cerebellum the diagnosis is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Medulloblastoma", + "os_answer": " Cerebellar abscess.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which\tof\tthe\tfollowing\tis\tassociated\twith\ta\tlow\nconcentration of ionized calcium in the serum?", + "gold_answer": "Tetany", + "os_answer": "The\tfollowing\tis\tassociated\twith\ta\tlow\tconcentration\tof\tionized\tcalcium\tin\tthe\tserum:\t1. A\tlow\tconcentration\tof\tionized\tcalcium\tin\tthe\tserum\tis\tassociated\twith\ta\tlow\tconcentration\tof\tcalcium\tin\tthe\tblood. 2.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Asseion: In a patient admitted to hospital for community acquired pneumonia, combination therapy of beta lactams and azithromycin is given.Reason : This combination covers gram positive organisms and anaerobes.", + "gold_answer": "Asseion is true but reason is false.", + "os_answer": "The patient is given a combination of beta lactams and azithromycin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient is taking drugs for rheumatoid ahritis and has a history of cataract surgery 1 year back, the patient presented with sudden painless loss of vision, probable diagnosis is?", + "gold_answer": "Chloroquine toxicity", + "os_answer": " Cataract. Question: A patient is taking drugs for rheumatoid arthritis and has a history of cataract surgery 1 year back, the patient presented with sudden painless loss of vision, probable diagnosis is? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Tumor cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphoblastic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) arisefrom which of the following?", + "gold_answer": "Naive B cell", + "os_answer": " Infection. Question: Which of the following is the most likely cause of a patient's symptoms? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Positive pivot shift test in knee is because of injury to -", + "gold_answer": "Anterior cruciate ligament", + "os_answer": " The pivot shift test is a test that is used to determine if a ligament is torn or torn ligament.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "An apical radiolucent area present in central incisor\nafter 4 months of RCT is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Inadequate obturation & leakage from main canal", + "os_answer": " The apical radiolucent area is due to the presence of a radiopaque material in the root apex.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Low apparent volume of distribution of drug indicates that:", + "gold_answer": "Drug is not extensively distributed to tissue", + "os_answer": " The drug is absorbed into the blood stream. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "If sodium channel inactivation is prolonged then which property of nerve conduction is hampered?", + "gold_answer": "Increased upward stroke velocity", + "os_answer": " The property of nerve conduction is not hampered.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A neonate develops encephalitis without any skin lesions. Most probable causative organisms is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "HSV II", + "os_answer": " Bacteria.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Hard swelling at the angle of mandible with numerous draining sinuses is most likely:", + "gold_answer": "Actinomycosis", + "os_answer": "1. A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Sodium bicarbonate when given with local anaesthetics has which of the following effect?", + "gold_answer": "Increases speed and quality of anaesthesia", + "os_answer": " Congenital heart disease. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of death in adults? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Fibres of periodontal ligament embedded in the bone are", + "gold_answer": "Sharpey's fibres", + "os_answer": " Yes.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Out of Syphilitic glossitis, Plummer Vinson syndrome, Mikulicis syndrome and hepatitis A; which of these predispose to squamous cell carcinoma", + "gold_answer": "Syphilitic glossitis and plummer Vinson syndrome", + "os_answer": " Mikulicis syndrome is associated with squamous cell carcinoma. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Calcification of third molar begins at:", + "gold_answer": "8 years", + "os_answer": "The third molar is the most important tooth in the mouth. It is the tooth that is most likely to be impacted.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Allergy in immediate perioperative period is due to:", + "gold_answer": "Neuromuscular blockers", + "os_answer": " Allergy in immediate perioperative period is due to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child transfers objects from one hand to other. What does it imply?", + "gold_answer": "Comparison of objects", + "os_answer": " It means that the child has transferred the objects from one hand to another.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In submandibular surgery incision is given 2 cm below the border of mandible to preserve which nerve?", + "gold_answer": "Marginal mandibular nerve", + "os_answer": "The nerve to the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve is the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve is the branch of the trigeminal nerve that runs from the brain to the face.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What drug is used for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii in patients on chemotherapy?", + "gold_answer": "Cotrimoxazole", + "os_answer": " Pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungal infection that can be treated with a drug called trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The drug is used to prevent the spread of the infection to other parts of the body. The drug is also used to treat other infections, such as pneumonia, that are caused by other organisms.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which disease affects neurons only", + "gold_answer": "Spinocerebellar ataxia", + "os_answer": " Alzheimer's Disease ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Electrical conductivity speed of A \u03b1 fibres ?", + "gold_answer": "70-120", + "os_answer": " The speed of the A \u03b1 fibres is about 0.1 m/s.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 24 years old female presented with amenorrhea for 3 months. LH and FSH levels are elevated three times the normal value. What is the next best step?", + "gold_answer": "Check serum estradiol levels", + "os_answer": "The next step is to check the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is located in the base of the brain. It is a small gland that secretes hormones. The pituitary gland is responsible for the production of hormones.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 10-year old boy was presented with a mass in abdomen. On imaging, the para-aoic lymph nodes were enlarged. On biopsy, starry sky appearance was seen. What is the underlying abnormality?", + "gold_answer": "Translocation involving Myc gene", + "os_answer": "The lymph nodes are enlarged because of the presence of a tumor. The tumor is a metastasis from the lung.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A child is brought to the clinic with complaint of irregular teeth. The maxillary central incisor is rotated in an otherwise normal occlusion. What should the next step be?", + "gold_answer": "Check for supernumerary teeth", + "os_answer": "The next step is to determine the cause of the problem. The child should be examined for any dental anomalies.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Following a blunt trauma abdomen, a patient had renal laceration and urinoma. Even after 12 days, urinoma persisted, but the patient was stable and there was no fever. Next step in management would be:", + "gold_answer": "J-shaped urinary stent", + "os_answer": "Urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infection is a common infection in the elderly. It is caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Urinary tract infection is usually caused by bacteria, but it can also be caused by viruses and parasites.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because:", + "gold_answer": "Thiamine is a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase and alfa-ketoglutarate dehydrogenases", + "os_answer": " Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency decreases cellular metabolism because: Thiamine deficiency", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Excessive bleeding during oral surgery can be decreased in which position?", + "gold_answer": "Head up", + "os_answer": " The patient should be in the supine position.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Incidence of 2 canals in mandibular incisors is", + "gold_answer": "20 - 41%", + "os_answer": "The incidence of 2 canals in mandibular incisors is 1.5%.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following is not an etiological factor for pancreatitis?", + "gold_answer": "Islet cell hyperplasia", + "os_answer": " Alcohol. Question: Which of the following is not an etiological factor for pancreatitis? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Storage of drug in the tissues is suggested by:", + "gold_answer": "Large volume of distribution", + "os_answer": "The drug is stored in the tissues.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which one of the following does not classify as locally advanced breast cancer?", + "gold_answer": "Tumour more than 4cm", + "os_answer": " The following one.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In Parkinsonism patient, teeth arrangement is", + "gold_answer": "Non anatomic", + "os_answer": " In Parkinsonism patient, teeth arrangement is not a problem.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most useful test in vesicovaginal fistula?", + "gold_answer": "Cystoscopy", + "os_answer": "The most useful test in vesicovaginal fistula is the vaginal examination. The vaginal examination is the most useful test in vesicovaginal fistula.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "\"First hand knowledge\" refers to", + "gold_answer": "Common witness", + "os_answer": " \"I have heard of this.\"", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The first radiographic sign of chronic pulpal infection of primary molars is:", + "gold_answer": "Changes in bony furcation area", + "os_answer": " The first radiographic sign of chronic pulpal infection of primary molars is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "First line therapy in anaphylactic shock is:", + "gold_answer": "Epinephrine .5 ml of 1:1000 IM", + "os_answer": " Epinephrine.", + "os_eval": "Correct", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "What is the cause of delirium tremens in alcoholics?", + "gold_answer": "Abrupt cessation of heavy and prolonged consumption of alcohol", + "os_answer": "Alcoholics are prone to delirium tremens. The cause of delirium tremens is not known. The following are the causes of delirium tremens: 1. Alcohol abuse. 2. Alcohol withdrawal. 3. Alcohol poisoning. 4. Alcohol poisoning with alcohol withdrawal. 5. Alcohol poisoning with alcohol withdrawal and alcohol withdrawal. 6.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "HbA2 is raised in:", + "gold_answer": "Beta thalassemic trait", + "os_answer": "A. The blood of the patient's mother. B. The blood of the patient's father. C. The blood of the patient's father's mother. D.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young male patient is on 5 mg haloperidol for many days, recently for last 4 days of duration he has inner restlessness and urges to move. Diagnosis is?", + "gold_answer": "Akathisia", + "os_answer": "Haloperidol is a drug used to treat schizophrenia. It is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It is used to treat schizophrenia. It is a CNS depressant.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "1st dental visit of the child should be at the age of:", + "gold_answer": "1 year", + "os_answer": " 3rd dental visit of the child should be at the age of: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "During exercise, the most rapid way to synthesize ATP is:", + "gold_answer": "Creatine phosphate", + "os_answer": " The most rapid way to synthesize ATP is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In endometriotic lesions, histology represents its:", + "gold_answer": "High estrogen", + "os_answer": "Endometriosis is a chronic, progressive, estrogen-dependent disease of the endometrium. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma, and is associated with the presence of endometriotic lesions. Endometriosis is a disease of the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus. It is a disease of the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "'There has been a gradual increase in number of non-communicable disease cases as compared to previous years. This trend is called:", + "gold_answer": "Secular", + "os_answer": "'The number of cases of non-communicable diseases has increased. This trend is called: 'The number of cases of non-communicable diseases has increased.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presented with pain in the right lower quadrant of abdomen. He has history of renal stones in right kidney. He was prescribed an opioid which is agonist at kappa receptors and antagonist at mu receptors. The likely drug given was:", + "gold_answer": "Pentazocine", + "os_answer": "The patient was given a combination of morphine and fentanyl. The patient was given a dose of morphine of 0.5 mg/kg and fentanyl of 0.1 mg/kg.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After sequential arrangement of blistering disorder staing from superficial to deep blisters, which is the deepest among these?", + "gold_answer": "PV", + "os_answer": " The deepest blister is the one that is located in the center of the skin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The retrocuspid papilla is found approx 1mm below the free gingiva on the attached gingiva lingual to:", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular canine.", + "os_answer": " The retrocuspid papilla is found approx 1mm below the free gingiva on the attached gingiva lingual to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "False about innervation of parotid gland:", + "gold_answer": "Preganglionic parasympathetic nerve begin in inferior petrosal nucleus", + "os_answer": "False. The parotid gland is innervated by the facial nerve.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A patient presented to the hospital with severe hydrophobia. You suspect rabies, obtained corneal scrapings from the patient. What test should be done on this specimen for a diagnosis of rabies?", + "gold_answer": "-PCR for rabies virus", + "os_answer": "Rabies is a viral disease that can be transmitted by the bite of an infected animal. The disease is spread by the saliva of the animal.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Percentage of lactose in human milk is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "7.2gm", + "os_answer": " The percentage of lactose in human milk is about 1%.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In a post operative intensive care unit, five patients\ndeveloped post-operative wound infection on the same wound. The best method to prevent cross infection occurring in other patients in the same ward is to:", + "gold_answer": "Practice proper hand washing", + "os_answer": " The best method to prevent cross infection occurring in other patients in the same ward is to:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "According to Frankel's behavior rating scale, a positive child:", + "gold_answer": "May become uncooperative during treatment.", + "os_answer": "A. Is very good at school. B.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Masseter is a strong muscle due to:", + "gold_answer": "Multipennate arrangement of fibers", + "os_answer": " The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter muscle is a strong muscle due to: The masseter", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "In transfacial proportions, the face Is divided into how many segments:", + "gold_answer": "5", + "os_answer": " The face is divided into how many segments:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The usual radiographic appearance of an osteosarcoma is:", + "gold_answer": "Sunburst pattern with radiopaque strands extending from the cortical plates", + "os_answer": " The usual radiographic appearance of an osteosarcoma is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Deciduous teeth do not show fluorosis because:", + "gold_answer": "All of the above", + "os_answer": "Fluorosis is a condition in which the teeth are covered with a layer of calcium fluoride. The fluoride is not absorbed by the teeth and is not deposited in the teeth. Fluorosis is not a disease.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The temperature of body is controlled by:", + "gold_answer": "Hypothalamus", + "os_answer": " The temperature of body is controlled by:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The tooth most commonly having bifurcated roots is the:", + "gold_answer": "Mandibular premolar", + "os_answer": " The tooth most commonly having bifurcated roots is the:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Which of the following vessels supply the anal canal?", + "gold_answer": "all of the following", + "os_answer": " Anal fissure. Question: Which of the following is the most common cause of anal fissure? ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "After a point mutation, glutamic acid is replaced by valine, which leads to formation of sickle cell hemoglobin. The mobility of HbS as compared with normal hemoglobin on gel electrophoresis will be:", + "gold_answer": "Decreased", + "os_answer": "Sickle cell hemoglobin is a mutant form of hemoglobin. It is a mutant form of hemoglobin because it is not a normal form of hemoglobin.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All of the following form radiolucent stones except:", + "gold_answer": "Cysteine", + "os_answer": "1. A.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Chromium is used in stainless steel for which purpose?", + "gold_answer": "Corrosion resistance", + "os_answer": "Chromium is used in stainless steel for which purpose?", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "First time causative agent of AIDS was discovered in:", + "gold_answer": "1983", + "os_answer": "The first AIDS case was discovered in 1981.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "For the calculation of the positive predictive value of a screening test, the denominator is comprised of:", + "gold_answer": "True+ves + False+ves", + "os_answer": " The denominator is comprised of:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Culture media of candida is:", + "gold_answer": "Saboraud's medium", + "os_answer": " Yes. Culture media of candida is: ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A tender swelling in submandibular triangle is mostly likely diagnosed as", + "gold_answer": "Lymphadenopathy", + "os_answer": " A tender swelling in submandibular triangle is mostly likely diagnosed as a tumor.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 25 years old unidentified male from roadside was brought by police to emergency room with disorientation, altered sensorium and vomiting. He had a BP of 90/70 mm Hg, hea rate of 110/min, temperature -36.4degC and respiratory rate of 11/min. On examination, he had bilateral pin-point pupils. What is the most probable diagnosis?", + "gold_answer": "Opioid poisoning", + "os_answer": " The most probable diagnosis is acute gastroenteritis. The patient was given intravenous fluids and antibiotics. The patient was discharged after 2 days.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "All the following markers are expressed on the surface of T-cells at some stage of development except:", + "gold_answer": "PAX5", + "os_answer": " A. CD4+ T-cells. B. CD8+ T-cells. C. CD4+CD25+ T-cells. D. CD8+CD25+ T-cells. ", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A young adult presents 2 days after trauma to the eye with proptosis and pain in the right eye. On examination, hi is found to have a bruise on the right eye and forehead. The most likely diagnosis is:", + "gold_answer": "Carotico-cavernous fistula", + "os_answer": "Bruising of the eye. The bruise is a result of a blow to the eye.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "The action of digastric muscle is:", + "gold_answer": "Depression of mandible", + "os_answer": " The action of digastric muscle is:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Morphine should not be used in the treatment of:-", + "gold_answer": "Biliary colic", + "os_answer": " Morphine should not be used in the treatment of:-", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A study is to be conducted with regards to the fat content in the expressed breast milk of pre-term infants as compared to term infants. Which study design is best suited?", + "gold_answer": "Case control", + "os_answer": "The study design is best suited for the study of fat content in expressed breast milk.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "APGAR acronym stands for?", + "gold_answer": "Appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration", + "os_answer": " APGAR stands for:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most commonly implicated drug for acute liver failure is -", + "gold_answer": "Paracetamol", + "os_answer": "The most common cause of acute liver failure is alcohol. Alcohol is a toxin that is metabolized by the liver. The liver is the body\u2019s largest organ and is responsible for the metabolism of alcohol. The liver is also responsible for the detoxification of alcohol.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "A 9 year old boy has steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome for the last 5 year. The patient is markedly cushingoid with blood pressure of 120/86 mmHg and small subcapsular cataracts. The most appropriate therapy of choice is \u2013", + "gold_answer": "Cyclophosphamide", + "os_answer": " Cortisone. Cortisone is a synthetic corticosteroid. It is used to treat a variety of conditions, including:", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + }, + { + "question": "Most common type of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the orbit:", + "gold_answer": "B-cell", + "os_answer": "Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the orbit is a type of lymphoma that affects the lymph nodes in the orbit. It is a type of lymphoma that affects the lymph nodes in the orbit.", + "os_eval": "Incorrect", + "dataset": "MedMCQA" + } +] \ No newline at end of file