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| <h1 class="title is-1 publication-title">Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fields</h1> | |
| <div class="is-size-5 publication-authors"> | |
| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a href="https://keunhong.com">Keunhong Park</a><sup>1</sup>,</span> | |
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| <a href="https://utkarshsinha.com">Utkarsh Sinha</a><sup>2</sup>,</span> | |
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| <a href="https://jonbarron.info">Jonathan T. Barron</a><sup>2</sup>, | |
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| <a href="http://sofienbouaziz.com">Sofien Bouaziz</a><sup>2</sup>, | |
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| <a href="https://www.danbgoldman.com">Dan B Goldman</a><sup>2</sup>, | |
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| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a href="https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~seitz/">Steven M. Seitz</a><sup>1,2</sup>, | |
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| <span class="author-block"> | |
| <a href="http://www.ricardomartinbrualla.com">Ricardo Martin-Brualla</a><sup>2</sup> | |
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| <span class="author-block"><sup>1</sup>University of Washington,</span> | |
| <span class="author-block"><sup>2</sup>Google Research</span> | |
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| <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.12948" | |
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| <a href="https://github.com/google/nerfies" | |
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| <span>Data</span> | |
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| <h2 class="subtitle has-text-centered"> | |
| <span class="dnerf">Nerfies</span> turns selfie videos from your phone into | |
| free-viewpoint | |
| portraits. | |
| </h2> | |
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| <!-- Abstract. --> | |
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| <h2 class="title is-3">Abstract</h2> | |
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| <p> | |
| We present the first method capable of photorealistically reconstructing a non-rigidly | |
| deforming scene using photos/videos captured casually from mobile phones. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| Our approach augments neural radiance fields | |
| (NeRF) by optimizing an | |
| additional continuous volumetric deformation field that warps each observed point into a | |
| canonical 5D NeRF. | |
| We observe that these NeRF-like deformation fields are prone to local minima, and | |
| propose a coarse-to-fine optimization method for coordinate-based models that allows for | |
| more robust optimization. | |
| By adapting principles from geometry processing and physical simulation to NeRF-like | |
| models, we propose an elastic regularization of the deformation field that further | |
| improves robustness. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| We show that <span class="dnerf">Nerfies</span> can turn casually captured selfie | |
| photos/videos into deformable NeRF | |
| models that allow for photorealistic renderings of the subject from arbitrary | |
| viewpoints, which we dub <i>"nerfies"</i>. We evaluate our method by collecting data | |
| using a | |
| rig with two mobile phones that take time-synchronized photos, yielding train/validation | |
| images of the same pose at different viewpoints. We show that our method faithfully | |
| reconstructs non-rigidly deforming scenes and reproduces unseen views with high | |
| fidelity. | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <!--/ Abstract. --> | |
| <!-- Paper video. --> | |
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| <h2 class="title is-3">Video</h2> | |
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| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <!--/ Paper video. --> | |
| </div> | |
| </section> | |
| <section class="section"> | |
| <div class="container is-max-desktop"> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered"> | |
| <!-- Visual Effects. --> | |
| <div class="column"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <h2 class="title is-3">Visual Effects</h2> | |
| <p> | |
| Using <i>nerfies</i> you can create fun visual effects. This Dolly zoom effect | |
| would be impossible without nerfies since it would require going through a wall. | |
| </p> | |
| <video id="dollyzoom" autoplay controls muted loop playsinline height="100%"> | |
| <source src="./static/videos/dollyzoom-stacked.mp4" | |
| type="video/mp4"> | |
| </video> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <!--/ Visual Effects. --> | |
| <!-- Matting. --> | |
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| <h2 class="title is-3">Matting</h2> | |
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| <div class="column content"> | |
| <p> | |
| As a byproduct of our method, we can also solve the matting problem by ignoring | |
| samples that fall outside of a bounding box during rendering. | |
| </p> | |
| <video id="matting-video" controls playsinline height="100%"> | |
| <source src="./static/videos/matting.mp4" | |
| type="video/mp4"> | |
| </video> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <!--/ Matting. --> | |
| <!-- Animation. --> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered"> | |
| <div class="column is-full-width"> | |
| <h2 class="title is-3">Animation</h2> | |
| <!-- Interpolating. --> | |
| <h3 class="title is-4">Interpolating states</h3> | |
| <div class="content has-text-justified"> | |
| <p> | |
| We can also animate the scene by interpolating the deformation latent codes of two input | |
| frames. Use the slider here to linearly interpolate between the left frame and the right | |
| frame. | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="columns is-vcentered interpolation-panel"> | |
| <div class="column is-3 has-text-centered"> | |
| <img src="./static/images/interpolate_start.jpg" | |
| class="interpolation-image" | |
| alt="Interpolate start reference image."/> | |
| <p>Start Frame</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="column interpolation-video-column"> | |
| <div id="interpolation-image-wrapper"> | |
| Loading... | |
| </div> | |
| <input class="slider is-fullwidth is-large is-info" | |
| id="interpolation-slider" | |
| step="1" min="0" max="100" value="0" type="range"> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="column is-3 has-text-centered"> | |
| <img src="./static/images/interpolate_end.jpg" | |
| class="interpolation-image" | |
| alt="Interpolation end reference image."/> | |
| <p class="is-bold">End Frame</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <br/> | |
| <!--/ Interpolating. --> | |
| <!-- Re-rendering. --> | |
| <h3 class="title is-4">Re-rendering the input video</h3> | |
| <div class="content has-text-justified"> | |
| <p> | |
| Using <span class="dnerf">Nerfies</span>, you can re-render a video from a novel | |
| viewpoint such as a stabilized camera by playing back the training deformations. | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="content has-text-centered"> | |
| <video id="replay-video" | |
| controls | |
| muted | |
| preload | |
| playsinline | |
| width="75%"> | |
| <source src="./static/videos/replay.mp4" | |
| type="video/mp4"> | |
| </video> | |
| </div> | |
| <!--/ Re-rendering. --> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <!--/ Animation. --> | |
| <!-- Concurrent Work. --> | |
| <div class="columns is-centered"> | |
| <div class="column is-full-width"> | |
| <h2 class="title is-3">Related Links</h2> | |
| <div class="content has-text-justified"> | |
| <p> | |
| There's a lot of excellent work that was introduced around the same time as ours. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.09125">Progressive Encoding for Neural Optimization</a> introduces an idea similar to our windowed position encoding for coarse-to-fine optimization. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| <a href="https://www.albertpumarola.com/research/D-NeRF/index.html">D-NeRF</a> and <a href="https://gvv.mpi-inf.mpg.de/projects/nonrigid_nerf/">NR-NeRF</a> | |
| both use deformation fields to model non-rigid scenes. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| Some works model videos with a NeRF by directly modulating the density, such as <a href="https://video-nerf.github.io/">Video-NeRF</a>, <a href="https://www.cs.cornell.edu/~zl548/NSFF/">NSFF</a>, and <a href="https://neural-3d-video.github.io/">DyNeRF</a> | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| There are probably many more by the time you are reading this. Check out <a href="https://dellaert.github.io/NeRF/">Frank Dellart's survey on recent NeRF papers</a>, and <a href="https://github.com/yenchenlin/awesome-NeRF">Yen-Chen Lin's curated list of NeRF papers</a>. | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <!--/ Concurrent Work. --> | |
| </div> | |
| </section> | |
| <section class="section" id="BibTeX"> | |
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| <h2 class="title">BibTeX</h2> | |
| <pre><code>@article{park2021nerfies, | |
| author = {Park, Keunhong and Sinha, Utkarsh and Barron, Jonathan T. and Bouaziz, Sofien and Goldman, Dan B and Seitz, Steven M. and Martin-Brualla, Ricardo}, | |
| title = {Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fields}, | |
| journal = {ICCV}, | |
| year = {2021}, | |
| }</code></pre> | |
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