The intellectual odyssey that laid the foundations for Western civilization began in classical Greece.

Unfortunately, Greek thinkers failed in their attempt to grasp the essential principles of the spontaneous market order and of the dynamic process of social cooperation which surrounded them. While we must acknowledge the important Greek contributions in the areas of epistemology, logic, ethics, and even the conception of natural law, the Greeks failed miserably to see the need for the development of a discipline, economic science, devoted to the study of the spontaneous processes of social cooperation that comprise the market.

What is even worse is that when the first intellectuals emerged, so did the symbiosis and complicity between thinkers and rulers. From the beginning, the great majority of intellectuals embraced statism and systematically undervalued and even criticized and denigrated the society of trade, commerce, and crafts that flourished around them.

It may be too much to ask that, from the very dawn of philosophical and scientific knowledge, the Greeks would comprehend even the basics of political economy, a discipline that is still among the youngest of all the sciences and seeks to study a reality as abstract and difficult to understand as the spontaneous market order. However, it is worth noting that the Greek philosophers, like todays intellectuals, could not avoid the scientistic conceit of believing themselves qualified to impose their own points of view on their fellow citizens via systematic government coercion. History repeats itself over and over, and even today we have progressed very little in this sense.

The Political-Historical Context

 A parallelism exists not only concerning thinkers statist sympathies, but also the rivalry between two radically opposed notions of government and individual freedom. In fact, throughout much of the 20th century, the world and society in general were divided: on one hand, there was the classical-liberal view, based on limited government, respect for civil society, and individual freedom and responsibility (represented, at least in relative terms, by American society); and on the other hand, there was the prevailing socialism, based on reliance on the state to impose the most varied utopias on civil society by force (represented during much of the 20th century by the former Soviet Union). In classical Greece we can also identify two such complete opposites.

There was the relatively more liberal and democratic city of Athens, which was able to accommodate a thriving sphere of business and craft endeavors within a spontaneous order of social cooperation based on respect for and equality before the law. In contrast, there was the city of Sparta, which was profoundly militarist, and in which individual freedom was practically nonexistent, due to the belief that all resources must be subordinate to the state.

It is remarkable that the most eminent and distinguished Athenian thinkers and philosophers invariably lambasted and undervalued the commercial order that surrounded and supported them while they took every opportunity to extol the statist totalitarianism Sparta represented. It is as if the intellectuals of that era, like those of today, could not bear the fact that, though considered wise, they were unable to reap in economic terms the fruits of what they saw as their own worth. Likewise, they were unable to resist the temptation to impose their own views of what was good and evil on their fellow citizens, and they continuously aspired to do so via the coercive power of the state.

The recognition of this truth must not lead us to the mistaken belief that the relatively freer poleis were not also often victims of statism. For example, many politicians did not hesitate to justify imperialist Athenian policies, and even, as Pericles did in the 5th century BC, to misappropriate public funds in order to undertake mammoth works.1 Many politicians were also guilty of trying to convince citizens that what was important was to subject oneself to the will of the state, to ask at all times not what Athens could do for you, but what you could do for Athens.

The principal characteristic shared by Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle  the three greatest philosophers of ancient Greece  was their inability to grasp the nature of the flourishing mercantile and commercial process.

 Moreover, the relatively freer poleis were still subject to a political cycle which, as odd and paradoxical as it may seem, continues to affect our present-day societies. Indeed, periods of greater civil liberty based on compliance with substantive laws were invariably followed by crises: cities fell victim to demagogy and the unrest stirred up by small groups with the intention of exploiting certain social groups in favor of other, supposedly larger and less privileged ones. Considerable social, economic, and political tension resulted and eventually led to severe civil disorder and conflict which, in turn, was used to justify increasing the power of the state, embodied in each set of historical circumstances by unscrupulous populist leaders who inevitably insisted upon being referred to as saviors of the homeland.

Some Embryonic Attempts at Economic Analysis

 It is very difficult to know the precise thoughts of the first Greek philosophers, because the remaining documents are very few and fragmented. Nevertheless, there is evidence of some encouraging beginnings, which, had they been continued, might have cleared the way for an incipient formulation of the theory of the spontaneous market order.

For example, as early as the 8th century BC, Hesiod indicates in his poems that scarcity is always present in human actions and is the reason we must allocate available resources efficiently. Furthermore, he mentions the sort of competition that emulation sparks, and which he calls good conflict, and he regards it as a vital entrepreneurial force that often permits the surmounting of the big problems the shortage of resources poses. Moreover, Hesiod felt competition was only possible where there was respect for justice and the law, which foster order and harmony in society. In this sense, Hesiod  and Democritus to a certain extent  was much closer to the correct notion of the spontaneous market order than Socrates, Plato, and even Aristotle himself would later be.

After Hesiod, we should give some thought to the Sophist philosophers. Despite the bad press they have received up to the present day, they were certainly much more libertarian, at least in relative terms, than the great philosophers who came later. In fact, the Sophists sympathized with trade, the profit motive, and the entrepreneurial spirit, and they distrusted the centralized, absolute power of the governments of the city-states. Even though we must admit they occasionally lapsed into a relativism similar to the one todays postmodernists subscribe to, they far exceeded the later Socratic thinkers regarding the defense of individual freedom against the government. Finally, we must note the manner in which the scientistic conceit typically shown up to today in support of statism by most intellectuals has led to the systematic discrediting of the Sophists. Always considered politically incorrect, they are branded as illogical, dishonest thinkers.

Subsequently, other more modern thinkers, like Protagoras in Pericless time, theorized about the need for social cooperation and insisted that man is the measure of all things. Taken to its logical conclusion, philosophically speaking, this notion might have given rise to the natural emergence of subjectivism and methodological individualism, which are essential starting points in any economic analysis of social processes. Also, the master historian Thucydides appears to have a more accurate conception of the spontaneous, evolutionary nature of the social order than do many of his contemporaries, and in his outline of the funeral oration given by Pericles, he emphasized better than anyone the relatively more classical-liberal2 quality of Athenian society.

Finally, we should mention Demosthenes, the Greek worlds great champion of freedom against the despotism of the tyrant, Philip. It is no coincidence that Demosthenes understood the customary, evolutionary essence of law, and that hence he was able to overcome the reductionist dichotomy the Greeks had established between the physical (natural) world and the supposedly artificial world of laws and conventions. Indeed, in general the Greeks failed to comprehend that the natural cosmos must include the spontaneous market order and the social relationships which are the object of study in economics, for the Greeks believed that anything related to society was always artificially and deliberately caused by its organizers (whom they hoped would be dictator-philosophers like those imagined by Plato).

The subjectivist viewpoint, around which all modern economic science revolves, can be found, for example, in the definition of wealth that Xenophon offers in his Oeconomicus, when he defines property as those things which the possessor should find advantageous for the purposes of his life. Moreover, Xenophon could be considered the first scholar to introduce the concept of dynamic efficiency, namely the increasing of ones estate by using it to do business (together with the concept of static efficiency, which is based on avoiding waste and which Xenophon believes can be achieved by keeping the family estate in perfect order).

At any rate, despite these promising beginnings, and despite great contributions in other areas of philosophical and scientific thought (and maybe precisely because of these contributions), Greek philosophers in general lapsed into the fatal conceit of the scientistic intellectual. Thus they were blinded completely when it came to recognizing the market and the evolutionary social order, and they fell into the arms of statism; it became politically correct to scorn the commercial and mercantile activity of their contemporaries and to mercilessly criticize relatively more classical-liberal thinkers (be they Sophists or not).

The Particularly Alarming Examples of Socrates, Plato, and Even Aristotle

 From the standpoint of our topic, the principal characteristic shared by Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle  the three greatest philosophers of ancient Greece  was their inability to grasp the nature of the flourishing mercantile and commercial process taking place between the different Greek cities or poleis (both in Greece itself and in Asia Minor and the rest of the Mediterranean). When they spoke of the economy, these philosophers relied on their instincts rather than on observation and reason. They scorned the work of craftsmen and merchants and underestimated the importance of their disciplined, daily efforts.

Hence, it was through these philosophers that the traditional opposition of intellectuals to anything involving trade, industry, or entrepreneurial profit began. This anticapitalistic mentality would become a constant theme among enlightened thinkers all through the intellectual history of mankind from that point until our time.

The philosopher Socrates serves as a paradigmatic illustration of this intellectual opposition to anything involving entrepreneurial profit, industry, or the market. We must note the arrogant tone and false modesty shown by Socrates in his defense speech before the jury which tried him, a speech Plato records. There is no doubt that Socrates exerted a negative influence on the youth of the city of Athens, whom he attracted by ridiculing the lifes work of their parents, who selflessly devoted themselves to their honest, daily efforts in the fields of trade, craftsmanship, and the market.

Socrates felt that lifes ideal goal lay in the search for virtue, understood as disdain for material wealth, and specifically, entrepreneurial profit. Socrates seized every opportunity to boast of his poverty and to idealize the supposed virtues of the totalitarian state of Sparta, which at that time represented ideals opposed to those of Athens. In fact, in his defense speech, he outrages the jury by proclaiming that his services to the state of Athens were so many that instead of being tried, he should receive a life pension paid for by everyone (in the form of food financed by the city for the duration of his life!).

 What is even worse is that Socratess statolatry was so obsessive that it led him to confuse the positive law derived from the city-state with natural law. He believed people should obey all the positive laws derived from the state, even if they are contra naturam, and thus he laid the philosophical foundations for the legal positivism on which every tyranny to emerge after him in history would rest.

In short, from the standpoint of the scientific theory of market processes, the influence of Socrates is definitely disastrous. He started and promoted the anticapitalist intellectual tradition. He showed a total lack of understanding about the spontaneous market order, itself precisely the source of the Athenian prosperity that permitted Socrates and the rest of the philosophers of his school the luxury of not working and of devoting themselves to thinking instead. And in payment for this environment of relative freedom and prosperity, Athens receives from Socrates only contempt and misunderstanding.

Finally, we should mention this philosophers more-than-egotistic self-immolation. He himself recognized that at his age and with his ailments, there is little he could have done in the few years he would have had left had he accepted the exile his judges and executioners offered him on a platter. Thus, he decided to go down in history by making himself the victim of a supposedly oppressive system, when his death was actually a timely and self-seeking suicide conceived by an arrogant, privileged mind. Indeed, he also sought to use this death to give legitimacy to the worship of oppressive statism while discrediting classical-liberal individualism.

With a teacher like Socrates, it is unsurprising that Plato compounded his teachers errors. Plato provides the highly dangerous philosophical justification for the most inhuman statism, which has been directly or indirectly imbibed by every tyrant to oppress humanity up to the present day. Plato was the purest embodiment of the gravest intellectual sin a scientist can commit: to have the fatal conceit of believing himself wiser than his fellow human beings and thus authorized to impose his own views upon them by force.

Typical of Plato are attacks on private property; praise for common ownership; contempt for the institution of the traditional family; a corrupt concept of justice; a statist and nominalist theory of money; and, in short, the extolling of the ideals of the totalitarian state of Sparta. These are all typical characteristics of the intellectual who believes himself wiser than and superior to everyone else and who, nevertheless, is ignorant of even the most essential principles of the spontaneous market order, which makes civilization possible.

Furthermore, Plato champions the interest of the state against that of individuals, and he even goes to the extreme of attempting to put his utopian ideals of state tyranny into practice. Inevitably, he and his disciples failed in all of their attempts in Syracuse and in the rest of Greece.

Finally, even in the field of epistemology, Platos contributions were lethal in the long term. His supposed essentialism brought in, through the back door, the crudest positivist historicism: in the social sphere, he tried to derive the conceptual essences from the study of history, thus laying the foundations for the historical-positivist philosophy that has done so much harm by encumbering the development of social science even up to now.

In short, with Plato, the intellectual ideal of the arrogant scientist who aims to become a social engineer to mold society at his whim gained currency. This approach was even further reinforced with the school of the mathematician Pythagoras, who believed virtue was found in the equality and equilibrium he continually observed in his mathematical formulas and principles, which he felt should be extrapolated to society.

Though Aristotle did not go to the socialist extremes Plato did, he also failed  and dismally  to comprehend in scientific terms the spontaneous market order. A philosopher in the service of the worst dictator of his time (Philip of Macedonia, who put an end to the subtle network of independent city-states that comprised the ancient Greek world), Aristotle was the private teacher of the tyrannical, reckless despot, Alexander the Great. It comes as no surprise that Aristotle failed to escape the sin of intellectual conceit, which Socrates, and especially Plato, had committed: Aristotle also felt nostalgia for the statism of Sparta and for everything the totalitarianism of that city-state represented.

It is true that he did not go to Platos extremes, that he defended private property, and even that he intuited the subjective theory of value in his distinction between the use value and the exchange value or price of things. However, he condemned usury and never understood the critical importance of interest as a market price that coordinates the behavior of consumers, savers, and investors. His theory of justice is extremely confusing, since it distinguishes between two forms, distributive and commutative justice, which have little or nothing to do with adapting human behavior to general legal and moral principles and which, as they rest on supposed equivalences, have confused human thought on such an important topic practically to the present day.

Moreover, an almost perfect illustration of his failure to grasp the evolutionary, spontaneous market order lies in his conviction that a polis of over 100,000 inhabitants could never survive, because its government would be unable to organize it. Aristotle understood the polis solely as a self-sufficient body organized from above (autarkia), and not as a historic manifestation of the spontaneous process of social cooperation led by flesh-and-blood human beings endowed with an innate entrepreneurial capacity. Finally, Aristotle followed the Socratic tradition of undervaluing work and entrepreneurial profit, which, in an anonymous and decentralized manner, supported the advanced stage of civilization that is precisely what allowed him and the rest of the philosophers to survive.

Aristotle also failed to explain the reasons for exchanges. He mistakenly concluded that when they occur, there must be proportional reciprocity (an erroneous idea Marx would ultimately use to form the basis of the false theory of labor value and its corollary, the Marxist theory of exploitation). Aristotle distrusted wealth (ploutos); he expressly criticized entrepreneurial profit3 and undervalued and utterly dismissed traders.4 He also condemned interest (tokos), which he considered an unjustified generation of money from money.

Furthermore, his incapacity to comprehend the spontaneous emergence of institutions led him to state that money was a deliberate human invention (and not, as it in fact is, the result of an evolutionary process), and he also failed to see why the demand for money is never unlimited. Particularly when we take into account Aristotles intellectual brilliance, all of these errors he made contrast sharply with his great contributions to the other sciences, and especially to the field of epistemology.

It is true that Aristotle shared the errors of Socrates and Plato, since he did not understand customary law, nor the market, nor the rest of the social institutions as spontaneous orders, nor was he able to distinguish between civil society and the state (a distinction the Roman Stoics would grasp perfectly two centuries later). Still, in the field of epistemology, his contributions were momentous. His distinction between potentiality and actuality would even be applied centuries later to explain the evolution of human nature. His conception of formal essences and their specific material realization would serve as a basis for the epistemological distinction between theory and history and would permit their appropriate incorporation.

Closer to the field of economics, we must recognize the Aristotelian approach to the subjective concept of value, and specifically the distinction between the concept of use value (subjective) and that of exchange value (the market price in monetary units). This, to an extent, provides the foundation for the connection between the subjective, inside world of valuations and the objective, outside world of numerical calculations, which makes economic calculation possible. Finally, in contrast with the socialist statism of Socrates, and particularly of Plato, Aristotle built a rational defense of private property, a defense which, though lukewarm and incomplete, for many centuries would constitute the best-known philosophical basis for private property.

A Brief Note on Taoism.

 Lastly, it is very interesting to note that, during the same era when classical Greek thought was being forged (from the 6th to the 4th century BC), ancient China saw the beginnings of three great currents of thought: that of the so-called Legalists (who supported the centralized state), that of the Confucianists (who tolerated it), and that of the Taoists, of a much more liberal bent and extremely interesting for historians of economic thought. Chuang Tzu (369286 BC) goes as far as to say that good order results spontaneously when things are let alone. In his criticism of the interventionism of rulers, he describes them as robbers. Also, according to Rothbard, Chuang Tzu was the first anarchist thinker in history. In fact, Chuang Tzu wrote that the world does simply not need governing; in fact it should not be governed at all.

Chuang Tzu adhered to the individualistic, liberal views of Lao Tzu, the father of Taoism, and took them to their most logical conclusions. In Confuciuss day (from the 6th to the 5th century BC), Lao Tzu concluded that government oppressed the individual and was always more to be feared than fierce tigers. Therefore, he believed the best policy for governments was inaction, because only then could the individual flourish and achieve happiness.

Two centuries later, the historian Ssu-ma Chien (14590 BC) theorized on the entrepreneurship typical of the market, which he felt consisted of keeping a sharp eye out for the opportunities of the times. As well as being an advocate of laissez-faire, he correctly identified the effects of government debasement of the coinage, which causes a decrease in its purchasing power (that is, a rise in prices).

Taoism continued its development for centuries, and in the current era, we find Pao Ching-yen (early 4th century AD), for whom the history of the state is a history of violence and oppression of the weak. The state institutionalizes coercion and worsens and intensifies isolated instances of violence, expanding them on a scale unimaginable in the absence of the state. Pao Ching-yen concludes that the common notion that a strong government is necessary to fight disorder reflects the fallacy of mistaking the cause for the effect. It is the state that generates violence and corrupts the individual behavior of the human beings subjected to it; and all the while it stimulates theft and banditry among them.

In stark contrast with the views of the Greek philosophers and with those of the rest of western intellectuals to the present day, Chinese Taoist thought always defended individual liberty and laissez-faire while attacking the systematic and coercive use of violence typical of government.

Economic Thought in Ancient Greece


I Still Want to Work With GOP to Fix Healthcare

We already know there's bipartisan common ground on health care. Democrats are at the table. We want to work with Republicans interested in solutions.


So far, the Presidents warning seems to be working because the organizer of the caravan, Bartolo Fuentes was detained in Guatemala Tuesday.

Guatemalan police officers detained Bartolo Fuentes, a former Honduran lawmaker, from the middle of the large crowd that he and three other organizers had led from San Pedro Sula, Honduras, since Saturday, Reuters reported.

Fuentes is reportedly being deported back to Honduras according to the Honduran security minister.

The migrant caravan has splintered into smaller groups in order to be able to pass through Guatemala undetected, however; according to authorities some of the migrants turned around and headed back to Honduras.

Honduran migrants are still marching northbound, however; it is unclear how many people continue to trek to the U.S.

The Associate Press reported Wednesday that the Hondurans were spotted in Chiquimula, Guatemala marching through rain, determined to make it the Mexican border.

On Monday, the migrant caravan, dubbed March of the Migrant, DOUBLED IN SIZE as it crossed through the Guatemalan border on its way to Mexico where they will head northbound to the United States.

According to Reuters, up to 3,000 migrants crossed from the Honduras into Guatemala after a standoff with police in riot gear Monday.

President Trump didnt even wait until the caravan of Hondurans reached Mexico before issuing a very stern warning to the Honduran president on Tuesday threatening to cut U.S. aid immediately!

The Presidents fury continued into late Tuesday evening as he fired off another pair of tweets putting Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador on notice.

Anyone entering illegally will be arrested and detained prior to being sent back to their country, President Trump said.

Organizer of Migrant Caravan Detained After President Trump Threatens to Cut US Aid to Honduras G


Donald Trump seems to think that decision-making for the entire nation lies solely with him, and that he doesnt need to wait for approval from Congress to spend billions in tax payer money to fund a military force for outer space. Trumps tiny ego is so fragile that having the most powerful country in the world at his fingertips wasnt enough. He now wants to rule the galaxy as well.

According to Defense One:

A report that came out just under a week ago from Defense One says just the opposite, however. In that report, it clearly says Trumps Space Force will have to wait:

If the president wants to create a brand-new military branch, an armed force dedicated entirely to the cosmos, he first needs Congress. The countrys youngest military branch, the Air Force, was established in 1947 through an act of Congress. A space force, or any other future military branches, will need to be authorized in the same way. And it looks like it wont happen as quickly as the president hopes.

It continues by stating that:

Lawmakers in the House of Representatives and the Senate reached a deal on Monday on a defense policy bill for the fiscal year 2019, and the legislation makes no mention of a space force. The dealwhich will face votes in the House and Senate this summer before reaching Trumps deskdirects the secretary of defenses office to develop a space warfighting policy, but it doesnt recommend officials explore the possibility of the military branch that Trump spoke of so enthusiastically last month.

The Pentagon released the following statement Monday in hopes that no one would pick up on the fact that the president is completely bypassing the act of Congress that has created every military branch in existence:

The Department of Defense is establishing a Space Force to protect our economy through deterrence of malicious activities, ensure our space systems meet national security requirements and provide vital capabilities to joint and coalition forces across the spectrum of conflict. DoD will usher in a new age of space technology and field new systems in order to deter, and if necessary degrade, deny, disrupt, destroy and manipulate adversary capabilities to protect U.S. interests, assets and way of life...This new age will unlock growth in the U.S.industrial base, expand the commercial space economy and strengthen partnerships with our allies.

The Pentagon report gives Trump by the end of 2018 to create this new branch successfully, stating that, the Department will recommend that the President revise the Unified Campaign Plan to create the new U.S. Space Command by the end of 2018 and evaluate the need for any additional personnel, responsibilities and authorities.

Either way, the president has taken over the nation, and is now attempting to do the same to outer space.

Trump Illegally Bypasses Congress With Election-Altering Move To Dominate Outer Space


A man was shot in Denvers Westwood neighborhood on Friday night and a second shooting happened a short time later in the Valverde area.

The first shooting happened in the 3400 block of West Kentucky Avenue, according to police.

The victim was taken to a local hospital. Police did not release information on a suspect or a motive.

The second shooting happened in the 2900 block of West Cedar Avenue, police said. The two scenes are about 1.5 miles apart.

The first shooting was reported by police at 9:25 p.m., the second shooting at 10:08 p.m.

Two shootings in west Denver Friday night happen about a mile and an hour apart


Mr. Renaccis Senate campaign released a lengthy statement by attorney Laura Mills telling the story of a very credible and professional unnamed woman who has accused Mr. Brown of making an unexpected, uninvited, unwanted, and sudden advance, roughly pushing her up against a wall in the late 1980s.

It did stop after she expressed dismay and very firmly pulled away, explaining that was not her style nor why she was there, Ms. Mills statement read. He then said he remembered what she had on the day they had met some time earlier and that he had been attracted to her. Although she was able to defuse the situation, it did shake her up and she told friends about it as soon as she got home. They wanted her to report it but, she chose not to do so because it did stop.

The statement made no mention of when or where the incident allegedly occurred or the events leading up to that point. How the two came to know each other was only explained in that she met him through the course of her work. It said she didnt report the incident because it stopped in that moment.

Ohio Dem Senator Sherrod Brown Accused of Making Unwanted Sexual Advance Against Woman


Amazons disappointing third-quarter results are sending the stock down and dragging the tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite lower.

The Nasdaq dropped as much as 3 percent Friday, on pace for its fourth straight week of losses. The index pared most of its losses in midday trading and is now roughly 2 percent lower on week and trading in correction levels, more than 10 percent off its 52-week high.

The Nasdaq is on pace for its worst month since October 2008 during the financial crisis, having lost roughly 10 percent this month.

Amazon Single-Handedly Pulls Nasdaq Down


A megamerger between two of the worlds biggest agricultural corporations looms on the horizon. The seed and pesticide giant Monsanto is inching closer to uniting with the German pharmaceutical and chemical company Bayera consolidation that could spell disaster for farmers, pollinators, and affordable, healthy food.

Heres why the Monsanto-Bayer merger is a toxic relationship:

When the same people who sell seeds for pesticide-resistant crops also make the pesticides, theres a huge incentive for that company to encourage chemical-heavy growing practices, cashing in twice on farmers who become ever more dependent on its products. And when pests and weeds inevitably develop a resistance to those chemicals? More seeds. More pesticides.

If the merger gets the green light, the result is a megacorporation, not a recipe for competition and innovation. In the past, such monopolies have cost small farmers big-time. Take corn, for example. As the likes of Monsanto and other big ag companies gobbled up smaller seed sellers in recent decades, the cost of corn seed nearly quadrupled while corn prices are roughly the same as they were in 1996.

As you likely know, pollinators are in trouble. Bees are dying off in record numbers (without them, our crops would take a serious hit) and monarch butterfly numbers have dropped nearly 90 percent in just the past two decades. While climate change and habitat loss are contributing to these declines, we can also point a finger at neonics and glyphosatetwo types of pesticides commonly found in Bayer and Monsanto products. Americans are spraying more and more of these toxins on crops and lawnswe used 3.5 million pounds of neonics in 2011 alone (double the amount used just five years earlier)and pollinators are paying the price.

As farmers pay more for seeds and Monsanto-Bayer rakes in more cash, American families could be forking over more money at the grocery store. One in eight families in the U.S. already struggle to put dinner on the table, and climate change threatens to disrupt food production worldwide. Further, the World Health Organization classifies glyphosate, the widely used herbicide found in Monsantos Roundup, as a probable carcinogen, and increasing its use would only put more fieldworkers, consumers, and those living near farms at risk.

In these challenging times, we need a more diverse marketplaceone that values public health, the environment, and the rights of farmersto spur innovation and encourage resilient food supplies. What we dont need is a megacorporation with the power (and the financial incentive) to lock in a food system that douses our food and soils with toxic chemicals.

What Would a Monsanto-Bayer Merger Really Grow? was last modified: by


The report, sent by the White House to the Senate Judiciary Committee in the middle of the night, was denounced by Democrats as a whitewash that was too narrow in scope and ignored critical witnesses.

Thousands of anti-Kavanaugh protesters rallied outside the Supreme Court and entered a Senate office building, holding signs such as Believe Survivors and Kava-Nope. Hundreds of demonstrators were arrested, including actress Amy Schumer.

But Republicans moved forward with plans for a key procedural vote on Friday and a final vote on Saturday on confirming the conservative federal appeals judge for a lifetime job on the top U.S. court.

The timing of the vote could be complicated by Republican Senator Steve Daines, whose office said on Thursday he planned to attend his daughters wedding in Montana on Saturday, making him unavailable to cast his vote.

Republicans control the Senate by a 51-49 margin. With Daines out of the picture, the party would need every other Republican to vote for Kavanaugh for him to be confirmed in a Saturday vote in the event all Democrats oppose him.

No Republicans have said they will vote against Kavanaugh, although four have not committed to supporting him.

Comments by two of them - Jeff Flake and Susan Collins - indicated the FBI report, which was the latest twist in the pitched political battle over Kavanaugh, may have allayed their concerns about him. Flake, a frequent Trump critic, was instrumental in getting the president to order the FBI investigation last Friday.

Trump, himself accused by numerous women during the 2016 presidential race of sexual misconduct, wrote on Twitter that the FBI report showed that the allegations against Kavanaugh were totally uncorroborated.

Collins said the FBI investigation appeared to be thorough. Flake said he saw no additional corroborating information against Kavanaugh, although he was still reading it. Another undecided Republican, Senator Lisa Murkowski, did not offer her view on the FBI report.

Cory Gardner, a Republican from Colorado, wants to finish reading the report before he makes a decision, his spokesman Casey Contres told the Denver Post. Gardners spokesman did not respond to a request for comment from Reuters.

While the comments by Flake and Collins were positive, neither explicitly announced support for Kavanaugh.

Protesters Arrested As Republicans Plan To Confirm Kavanaugh Over Weekend


28-year-old Emily Atack is one of the ten celebs taking to the jungle for the 2018 series of Im A Celebrity. What Is She Known For? The British comedy actor, born in Luton, Bedfordshire, is best known for playing Charlotte Hinchcliffe in The Inbetweeners. Charlotte is the most popular girl in school, and by a strange twist of fate ends up sleeping with the shows slightly-nerdier protagonist Will.

Emily hasnt ruled out finding love in the jungle, saying: I am single at the moment. And never say never. She added: We are in a situation where we are all not going to smell our best, nor look our best and I cant really imagine it happening but hey, who knows? Emily has also said that going into the jungle will be the toughest project she has ever taken on. I have no idea how it is going to be but what I would say is that this is probably the most challenging thing I have ever done, she said. But I am up for it. Acting is easy!

Who Is Emily Atack Everything You Need To Know About The Im A Celebrity Contestant


Facebook is giving Messenger a major design overhaul, promising a much simpler and cleaner user experience after years of jamming the chat app full of superfluous features like games.

When youre messaging, you really want a simple and fast experience, Mark Zuckerberg said during the companys F8 keynote. Were taking this moment to completely redesign Messenger to focus on these ideas. Zuckerberg again reiterated the clean and fast nature of the revamped Messenger app before moving on in the keynote.

Messenger VP David Marcus said that the refreshed app is coming very, very soon and is something the team has been working on since the start of this year. Its going to have a dark mode, which is a nice addition in our growing world of OLED smartphones.

The bottom navigation has been simplified to three central tabs that focus on communication. Icons for the camera and video chat remain present at the upper right of the app, but everything looks much more streamlined. It looks like a chat app again. Im guessing that the number of people whove switched to Messenger Lite (or competing messaging apps) mightve made Facebook realize that something had to change about the bloated mess that is Messenger today.

Facebook is completely redesigning Messenger to make it simple again


President Trump again accused Maxine Waters and Nancy Pelosi of being the FACE of the Democrat Party.

President Trump also slammed Democrats for their open borders insanity.

Maxine Waters famously ordered her supporters to harass and abuse Republican leaders whenever they saw them in public.

President Trump SLAMS Crazy Maxine Waters Her Ranting and Raving Will Make People Flee Democra


(Natural News) Having trouble these days finding the information youre looking for online? It could be the result of search engine censorship, as mega-platforms like Google are increasingly moving conservative and other non-PC content to latter search result pages  if it even pulls up this content at all  while blatantly prioritizing liberal and official fact-checked content to the front page.

A recent experiment by Paula Bolyard from PJ Media proved this, as she found that while searching for the term Trump on Google, a shocking 96 percent of the results were negative, linking back to liberal, Trump-hating fake news outlets that routinely bash the President.

Google claims that it doesnt alter search results to push any specific agenda like this, but Bolyards test results prove otherwise. On the first page, for instance, she observed that there were two anti-Trump articles from fake news giant CNN, another from The Atlantic, and a slew of others from CBS News, The New Yorker, Politico, Reuters, and USA Today.

Missing from Bolyards Trump search were any hits about the positive things that the President is doing to bring jobs back to America, end globalist policies that hurt American families, and restore order and decency to everyday American life. Instead, it was all just hit pieces, slander, and the sky is falling nonsense in relation to the President.

I expected to see some skewing of the results based on my extensive experience with Google, but I was not prepared for the blatant prioritization of left-leaning and anti-Trump media outlets, writes Bolyard. Not a single right-leaning site appeared on the first page of search results.

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Bolyard went on to conduct an analysis on the top 100 items that Google pulls up when searching for Trump, and what she found is even more indicting. By far, the most common news source that comes up in Google searches for Trump is CNN articles, capturing 21 percent of Googles search results.

CNN is followed by both The Washington Post and NBC, which each capture 11 percent  meaning that CNN, The Washington Post, and NBC together occupy a whopping 43 percent of the top Google search results for the term Trump.

Following these are CNBC at eight percent, The Atlantic at five percent, Politico at five percent, The New York Times at five percent, Vox at four percent, and CBS as three percent. Together, all of these left-leaning news outlets make up 73 percent of Googles search results output for Trump.

Meanwhile, popular conservative news outlets like the National Review, The Weekly Standard, Breitbart, The Blaze, PJ Media, The Daily Wire, Hot Air, Townhall, Red State and others were nowhere to be found in the top 100 search results for Trump.

The only even halfway neutral news outlets that had a place in Googles search results for Trump were The Wall Street Journal and Fox News, which capture three hits and two hits, respectively. This means that less than five percent of what Google turns up for the search term Trump has anything even remotely positive to say about the President.

Bolyard conducted the experiment multiple times on multiple different computers and platforms, only to arrive at the same conclusion: Google is intentionally censoring conservative content, and really any content that supports our President and highlights the many good things that hes doing in the interest of our country.

As more and more people turn to Google and other social media outlets for their news, it may not be hyperbolic to suggest that the biases inherent in human-created algorithms have the potential to affect the fate of democracy, Bolyard writes.

With all the talk and hand-wringing about fake news and bad foreign actors using social media outlets to attempt to manipulate election results, far too little attention has been paid to power brokers like Google, Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube and their ability  and perhaps even desire  to manipulate public opinion and shape the world into their own Silicon Valley image.

Be sure to read Bolyards full analysis of Big Tech censorship at PJMedia.com.

The tech giants have turned the internet into a liberal echo chamber where no conservative views are


President Trump just announced a new series of tariffs on roughly $50 billion in Chinese imports. These new tariffs are the result of a seven-month investigation into Chinas continued theft of US intellectual property. We have a tremendous intellectual property theft problem. Its going to make us a much stronger, much richer nation, President Trump told reporters this morning. This has been long in the making.

While President Trump is imposing the harsh tariffs to help correct the current trade imbalance, he remained open and confident with US-Chinese relations calling China a friend to the use and stating he had tremendous respect President Xi Jinping.

More Via The Hill Opinion:

Section 301 gives the U.S. Trade Representative broad authority to take measures against a foreign countrys unfair trade practices. The U.S. is challenging China for alleged violations of IP rights and practices of forced technology-transfers; whereby if an American company wishes to do business in certain areas in the form of joint ventures with a Chinese firm, it often has to share its IP (such as trade secrets or industrial designs). The 301 investigations have potential for broad sanctions on China such as high punitive tariffs on its exports (for examples high-tech products like semiconductors and telecommunications equipment) and restrictions on Chinese investment in the U.S. This would be detrimental to China and provoke retaliatory trade measures.

Aides described the $50 billion figure as a conservative estimate of what forced technology transfer and other moves by China cost the U.S. economy. The president suggested the total value of the tariffs could go as high as $60 billion. [...] The proposed tariffs on imports from China follow the administrations decision to impose tariffs on imported steel and aluminum. Those tariffs, which take effect on Friday, have already been watered down. Lighthizer said that in addition to Canada and Mexico, Australia, Argentina, Brazil, South Korea and the European Union will be exempted from the steel and aluminum tariffs, at least temporarily. Administration officials defended the crackdown on China, saying years of dialogue during the George W. Bush and Obama administrations had not produced the desired change. Dialogue continued during the opening months of the Trump administration, but the president has now decided tougher action is required.

President Trump Imposes New Tariffs On China Over Continued US Intellectual Property Theft


(Natural News) Painful swellings called lymphedema can appear on a patients arms after undergoing surgery and radiation therapy for breast cancer. A Chinese study suggested that acupuncture could decrease the chances of this complication, thereby improving the quality of life for cancer patients.

Despite the advent of less invasive treatments, lymphedema remains a common problem for breast cancer patients and survivors long after the procedure has been concluded. There are no permanent cures for the condition once it appears, so patients are advised to avoid risk factors that lead to lymphedema. Existing treatments aim to decrease the severity of the symptoms while improving the use of the affected arm. They involve lymph drainage, laser treatment, micro-surgery, and surgical transplantation of axillary lymph nodes.

These treatments are costly and must be repeated for the rest of the patients life. Therefore, breast cancer-related lymphedema requires a cheap yet effective means of management.

Based on pilot studies and their own observations in various hospitals, researchers from the Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine (GXUCM) believe that acupuncture can serve in that role. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescribes the treatment for edema conditions that include the symptoms of lymphedema. The researchers conducted a study to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture on breast cancer-related lymphedema. (Related: TCM medicines confirmed to accelerate cell death of breast cancer tumors.)

For their trial, the researchers recruited women who were suffering from lymphedema in just one arm. To qualify for the experiment, the affected arm needed to be 10 to 40 percent more swollen than the unaffected arm. Both arms were measured to establish a baseline of comparison for treated arms. A perometer  which uses light-emitting diodes and photosensors to measure an object  was used due to its accuracy, ease of use, and speed of measurement.

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The participants were randomly divided between real acupuncture or sham acupuncture groups. They received either acupuncture or sham treatment on both of their arms. For the sham control, the researchers used the Streitberger needle. It can mimic the feel of actual acupuncture treatment while also avoiding any accidental efficacy.

Following each treatment or sham treatment, the participants were also given decongestive therapy. The therapy consisted of manually draining lymph on a daily basis, gentle exercise, moisturizer, and elastic compression garments. GXUCM researchers measured the volume of both arms of each participant after a treatment. The starting data and the measurements from the final treatment session were used to calculate the primary and secondary outcomes.

The primary outcome is the absolute ratio of the volume of the reduced limb. The secondary outcomes covered any adverse effects of acupuncture and sham-acupuncture recipients. The researchers compared the results for both groups. Furthermore, they also determined the overall effectiveness of acupuncture on the recipients.

The GXUCM researchers acknowledged several significant limitations in testing the efficacy of acupuncture on breast cancer-related lymphedema. The first one involves their application of the standardized acupoint regimen. Traditional Chinese medicine stresses the idea of therapy tailored to the needs of the individual. Future studies must compare the effects of the standardized regimen and individualized treatments.

Second, TCM established that the sensation of the needle during acupuncture signifies the treatments success. However, the acupuncturists in the experiment were not allowed to ask their patients about this sensation for purposes of experimental blinding.

Last but not least, acupuncture is widely used in China to treat various maladies. Since the participants are Chinese, some of them might have undergone acupuncture treatment in the past. If these regular clients are part of the sham-acupuncture group, they may recognize the Streitberger needle approach as a fake.

Find out natural ways of improving the side effects of cancer at CancerSolutions.news.

Acupuncture reduces the occurrence of breast cancer-related lymphedema Study


Mel B was ordered to pay $350,000 of her ex-husbands legal costs as the couple finally settled their bitter divorce.

The former Spice Girl, real name Melanie Brown, must also pay Stephen Belafonte $5,000 a month in child support for their six-year-old daughter Madison, a judge ruled.

Mr Belafonte, 43, today said he had been dragged through the mud, adding: I feel like going to Disneyland.

At the Los Angeles Superior Court, the former couple agreed to stay 200 yards away from each other after Judge Mark Juhas threw out restraining orders they had tried to put on each other.

In divorce papers, Miss Brown had alleged Mr Belafonte, a former record producer, beat her up and forced her to take part in threesomes which he filmed then blackmailed her with the footage.

One of his attacks supposedly happened after she performed with the Spice Girls at the London 2012 Olympics, prompting her to swallow a bottle of painkillers in despair.

Miss Brown also claimed her ex-husband got their German nanny Lorraine Gilles, 26, pregnant and paid her $300,000 to have an abortion.

Mr Belafonte denied the accusations. The LA court also ordered him and the singer to set aside $550,000 each when they sell their $8 million home, to pay back taxes from 2016.

Mother-of-three Miss Brown, 43, left the court without a word but posted a video on Instagram in which she and friend Gary Madatyan appeared to be celebrating. Meanwhile, Mr Belafonte ranted about her as he left, saying: I got everything I wanted and we could have settled this months ago. Its such a relief that its finally over.

He added: She didnt get anything out of this. We split everything 50/50. In fact, my alimony and my child support is more than I had asked for.

The settlement came after three days of negotiation between the parties who have become bitter enemies since they split up last November after 10 years.

Miss Brown, a judge on Americas Got Talent, claimed Mr Belafonte was physically and emotionally abusive to her and her children.

He accused her of turning his 10-year-old stepdaughter Angel  whose father is Eddie Murphy  against him, even though he had raised the girl from birth.

As part of the settlement, Mr Belafonte withdrew his motion for visitation rights for Angel. However, he said he could try again because he would really like to spend time with her.

Outside court, he said: I was dragged through the mud, but she [Miss Brown] didnt show her evidence. She told these lies every time.

"She got to level all of these allegations at me, played the victim before all the truth came out ... everything she said, including saying that I beat her and put her in the hospital for eight days, is a lie.

Mr Belafonte added: I feel like going to Disneyland and jumping for joy.

Exceptions to the 200 yards away order will be made for Madisons school events and extra-curricular activities.

The agreement adds: Neither parent shall make any disparaging remarks about the other parent to Madison or in Madisons presence. The former couple will split time with their daughter, including holidays. Custody on her birthday will alternate each year.

Stephen Belafonte celebrates as Mel B is ordered to pay his 350000 legal fees in divorce battle


OTTAWA  The federal government has blocked the proposed $1.5-billion takeover of Aecon Group Inc. by a Chinese state-owned company for reasons of national security.

After markets closed Wednesday, Economic Development Minister Navdeep Bains confirmed the governments decision to prevent CCCC International Holding Ltd. (CCCI) from acquiring the Aecon construction firm.

The move could have an impact on Canada-China relations, which the Trudeau government has made efforts to develop since coming to office in late 2015.

Chinas embassy in Ottawa responded to Wednesdays move by warning it wasnt good for the countries business relationship and that it would seriously undermine the confidence of Chinese investors.

The Trudeau government had been urged by experts to proceed cautiously when weighing any investment bids by Chinese state firms and to be as transparent as possible in reviewing the proposed deal.

Ottawa announced a full national security review of the Aecon deal in February.

As is always the case, we listened to the advice of our national security agencies throughout the multi-step national security review process under the Investment Canada Act, Bains said Wednesday in a statement.

Based on their findings, in order to protect national security, we ordered CCCI not to implement the proposed investment.

Our government is open to international investment that creates jobs and increases prosperity, but not at the expense of national security.

Aecon has a long history of participation in Canadian construction and engineering projects such as the CN Tower, Vancouvers SkyTrain, the St. Lawrence Seaway and the Halifax shipyard.

In a statement Wednesday evening, the Toronto-based firm said it was disappointed with the governments decision.

Aecon is and will continue to be a leading player in the Canadian construction and infrastructure market, said John Beck, Aecons president and CEO.

Through our proposed transaction with CCCI, we had outlined a vision in which Aecon would be better able to compete with the many large global construction companies actively working in Canada.

A representative of CCCI, which is a subsidiary of China Communications Construction Company Ltd. (CCCC), said Wednesday that it had no immediate comment about Ottawas decision to block the takeover.

The Chinese government had been highly supportive of the potential Aecon takeover.

It remains to be seen how Ottawas decision will be received by Beijing and how deeply it could affect Canadian-Chinese relations.

These is no doubt that the decision made by the Canadian government is by no means a good news for the investment co-operation between China and Canada, said a statement released by the Chinese embassy in Ottawa.

This will seriously undermine the confidence of Chinese investors. We express the regret and disappointment at this decision.

The statement added that the Chinese government hopes Canada will make a joint effort when it comes to promoting bilateral trade and economic co-operation.

Last month, Chinas ambassador to Canada defended the proposed deal. Lu Shaye said there was no reason for concern about the acquisition of Aecon because the Chinese side was strictly focused on business and market interests.

My first impression, to tell you the truth, (is) that I think the Canadian media or the Canadian public is too sensitive about the Aecon case because Aecon is just a construction company, Lu said in response to a question about the takeover bid during a news conference at the Chinese embassy.

From your side, you have your rules and regulations on the foreign companies overtaking Canadian companies. I think for the national security issue it is your internal affairs. The Chinese side does not want to interfere (with) it.

Lu, who spoke through an interpreter, added that China just wants to ensure Canada has the same standards for Chinese companies as it does for foreign companies from other countries proposing to take over Canadian firms.

An internal federal document prepared last fall described CCCC as one of the worlds largest engineering and construction firms.

The Infrastructure Canada memo said CCCC generated revenue of US$62 billion in 2016 and has core business activities that include the construction of ports, roads, terminals, bridges, rail and tunnels.

Aecon, it continued, generated revenue of $3.2 billion in 2016.

The briefing document was obtained recently by The Canadian Press under the Access to Information Act.

Canada blocks Aecon takeover by Chinese state-owned firm over national security


LOS ANGELES  Jewelry with the toxic metal cadmium is showing up on the shelves of national retailers including Ross, Nordstrom Rack and Papaya, according to newly released test results.

Analysis done for the nonprofit Center for Environmental Health revealed some jewelry sold with womens dresses and shirts was nearly pure cadmium, which can cause cancer and reproductive harm after prolonged exposure.

Consumer advocates were hopeful cadmium had disappeared from the U.S. jewelry market following changes prompted by a 2010 Associated Press investigation that found Chinese manufacturers were using the metal to make kids jewelry. States including California outlawed cadmium in childrens jewelry, and testing by the center found the chemical had virtually disappeared from jewelry by 2012.

No laws address cadmium in adult jewelry, however, and last year the center decided to check those products. Lab testing found 31 adult jewelry items purchased from retail stores were at least 40 percent cadmium, and most were more than 90 percent, according to results shared exclusively with the AP.

Californias law allows no more than 0.03 percent cadmium in childrens jewelry. The precise health risk from the tested jewelry is unclear because researchers did not assess whether small amounts shed when the jewelry is handled and worn.

Over time, cadmium accumulates in the body and can damage the kidneys and bones. Most exposure happens by ingesting small amounts or by breathing it, most commonly through tobacco, which can contain cadmium. Researchers also have documented some absorption through skin contact, though the phenomenon is not well-studied.

Michael Harbut, a practicing doctor who as a university professor has researched cadmiums cancer-causing properties, noted that contact can trigger skin rashes including psoriasis.

Cadmium is bad, said Harbut, who teaches at Michigan State Universitys College of Human Medicine. Given a choice between wearing something with cadmium in it, or wearing something without cadmium in it, I would take the product without cadmium.

The Oakland-based nonprofit bought all the test samples in the San Francisco Bay Area this year or last. The extent to which contaminated jewelry is in stores elsewhere isnt clear, though a national retailer would not typically limit a product to just one region.

The center said the problem should not be underestimated because of the limited market sampling.

If youre the person that buys and is wearing that jewelry, you dont really care whether its a common problem or a rare problem, said Caroline Cox, senior scientist at the center. You have a problem.

Brent Cleaveland, executive director of the Fashion Jewelry and Accessories Trade Association, said he does not believe the test results suggest a larger problem. Most major retailers have a stringent system for testing and analyzing what they sell, he said.

Most of the tainted items were sold at Ross, which operates more than 1,400 stores in 38 states. One pendant from a necklace chain was 100 percent cadmium, according to the testing.

In a written statement, Ross said it is committed to protecting its customers and has addressed this issue with our supplier. The retailer would not say whether it pulled suspect jewelry from stores.

The brands found with high cadmium levels in Ross stores include Tacera and Vibe Sportswear.

Xinwei Xie, chief executive officer at Trend Textile Inc., which owns Tacera, declined to comment when reached by phone. The Skate Group Inc., which owns Vibe Sportswear, did not respond to multiple requests for comment.

Papaya said it considers cadmium in its products a serious problem. It operates more than 100 retail locations nationwide.

Steven Kim, an attorney representing Papaya, said the company has recalled the products where contamination was found and stopped buying from the manufacturer in China.

Our manufacturers are required to represent and warrant that their products are in legal compliance, Kim said. Papaya is very strict and stops doing business with any manufacturer which fails to comply.

Nordstrom spokeswoman Emily Sterken said the company is reaching out to these vendors to make them aware of the situation and get more information on these items.

The Center for Environmental Health has long used California law to force companies to reduce levels of harmful materials in consumer products, including cadmium and lead in jewelry.

Under the states Proposition 65, businesses must inform consumers about significant exposures to chemicals that cause cancer or other reproductive harm. The nonprofit has settled Proposition 65 claims against 36 companies, including Gap Inc. and Target Corp., which agreed to not sell jewelry with more than 0.03 percent cadmium.

That limit for childrens jewelry took effect after the AP reported in 2010 that some Chinese jewelry manufacturers were substituting cadmium for lead, the use of which Congress clamped down on following a string of imported-product safety scandals.

The jewelry industry helped write voluntary U.S. standards following the AP investigation, but the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission did not mandate any cadmium limits.

Associated Press writer Justin Pritchard contributed to this report.

AP Exclusive Toxic metal found in chain stores jewelry


Top White House adviser Kellyanne Conway has defended the decision of women who backed Brett Kavanaughs confirmation to the US Supreme Court, despite allegations of sexual misconduct against him.

We looked up and saw in him possibly our husbands, our sons, our cousins, our co-workers, our brothers, she said after the Senate voted 50 to 48 to appoint the scandal-hit judge to Americas highest court.

A lot of women, including me in America, saw him as a victim of political character assassination, said Ms Conway, one of President Trumps most outspoken aides.

Mr Kavanaughs nomination divided women across the country after he was accused of sexual abuse involving three women when he was at school and  university.

Thousands, including actresses Alyssa Milano, Amy Schumer and Emily Ratajkowski, joined protests against him after Christine Blasey Ford alleged at a Capitol Hill hearing that he pinned her to a bed and tried to strip her at a party when they were both teenagers in 1982.

The protests continued even up to the nominees swearing in as a Supreme Court Justice on Saturday night.

Donald Trump aide Kellyanne Conway on women who backed Kavanaugh aposWe saw in him our husbands


Fox News Catherine Herridge reported Wednesday evening that House Intel Chairman Devin Nunes received access to the requested two-page unredacted document from the DOJ.

Chairman Nunes threatened to hold Rosenstein and Wray in contempt if they didnt produce the document by midnight Wednesday after missing the initial April 5th deadline. Nunes released a statement after meeting with Rosenstein and was given access to the 2-page Electronic Communication document.

Chairman Nunes said in a statement via House Intel website:

The 2-page document known as the Electronic Communication is what launched the investigation into the Trump-Russia collusion probe.

Nunes told Sara Carter the Electronic Communication  is a central piece of information necessary to their ongoing investigation into the FBI and related matters.

Fox News Producer Jake Gibson also stated the DOJ handed over another 1,000 pages of classified materials Wednesday evening.

It took Nunes threatening to hold Rosenstein and Wray in contempt and impeachment in order to finally get this very important document.

Chairman Nunes Releases Statement After Being Given Access to Electronic Communication Document Fr


(Natural News) Most of us have been stocking food in our cupboards for as long as we can remember. Its not just us: People have been doing it for centuries, mainly so that they have ready access to food when they need it.

However, theres also another reason why they store food: To use it as medicine. Across history, different cultures have stocked up on plants, herbs, and spices to use it for treatment. Times may have changed between then and now, but we can still create own food pharmacy, every time we do our grocery.

Learning how to use food as medicine may seem intimidating at first, but opting for a more natural way to address our health issues must be done sooner rather than later. The practice of eating clean and gearing away from potentially harmful drugs decrease the risk of developing diseases and increase the chances of living a longer life. Its also practical  with proper knowledge about the benefits of food, we may be able to say goodbye to expensive and risky medicine.

Quinoa, kale, berries, chia seeds, oatmeal, broccoli, almonds, coconut, hemp seed and celery  the list just goes on as there are a variety of foods available in the market that are packed with nutrition. Recipes and how-to articles are readily available on the internet if we wish to learn simple ways to spice up our meals without compromising our bodies wellness. The secret in stocking up your food pharmacy is replacing processed foods with more natural ingredients.

Our food choices can also help us manage, or even prevent, certain illnesses.

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When we regularly eat fruits and vegetables, we lower the risk of Type 2 diabetes. Maintaining this kind of diet can also save us from developing heart diseases, stroke and some types of cancer.

We can also cure common sicknesses with food we have at home:

Going au naturel when it comes to your lifestyle doesnt have to be so hard. At the Home Medicine Summit, 42 leading natural health experts are coming together to impart their knowledge on alternative, natural medicine and how to lead a cleaner way of life. The summit will help you learn how to properly use food as medicine and even discover delicious and healthy ways to make 100 percent natural remedies.

For an entire week, you will have full access to expert presentations that will cover topics such as:

The events keynote speaker, Health Ranger Mike Adams once said in an interview, If someone is not willing to change one thing [in their lifestyle], then they are in fact playing the role of victim and they will continue to be victimized by medicine.

It is never too late to opt for the better and let go of old ways. Register now, at no cost, to join the week-long Home Medicine Summit. Participants will take home gifts that will help in their journey to a healthier and more natural way of living.

Heres how to stock your food pharmacy and use food as medicine to fight off common health concern


A Good Guy With a Gun Has Saved Many Lives in Florida

A heroic citizen with a permit to legally carry a concealed handgun was able to save countless lives in Florida last week.


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These natural supplements have been proven to keep your blood sugar levels in check


Susannah Constantine has become the first celebrity to be eliminated from this years Strictly Come Dancing after facing Lee Ryan in the dance-off.

The What Not To Wear star was bestowed the dubious honour of first boot alongside partner Anton Du Beke after two disastrous weeks on the floor.

Scoring 12 in both weeks -with a one each time from Craig Revel Horwood - Constantine failed to impress with her Samba and Foxtrot, soon landing in the bottom two.

Unanimously, the judges voted to save Blue frontman Lee Ryan and partner Nadia Bychkova after seeing their jive again.

Speaking to Tess Daly about her very early exit, Constantine said: I know it has gone a bit quick, but you know what I just feel so lucky to have had three weeks learning to dance with Anton and to have met all these amazing people.

And for me they are the most important and I feel really privileged to have met them all, and it has been amazing.

The fashionista graciously praised dance-off counterpart Ryan, admitting that she felt the judges had made the right choice.

Constantine danced the Samba in a Carmen Miranda inspired routine during week one before turning her attention to this week's Foxtrot to They Cant Take That Away From Me by Frank Sinatra.

Both low-scoring routines the couple rooted to the bottom of the leaderboard, with a combined score of 24, while Ashley Roberts and Faye Tozer topped the table with 61 and 60 respectively.

Elsewhere during the first results show of the series, George Ezra performed number one hit Shotgun and the professional dancers performed a show-stopping routine, featuring same-sex partnerships .

The 14 remaining couples now have just six days to prepare for the first theme week of the series, Movie Week.

Strictly Come Dancing continues Saturday 3 October at 6.30pm on BBC One.

Strictly Come Dancing 2018 Susannah Constantine becomes the first celebrity eliminated after dance-


Back from a two month long hiatus, Dylan looks at the future of this podcast and shares what he believes is the most important message from shamanic plant medicines.

Looking at the journey to becoming an iboga provider, this short episode looks at the difference between how we tend to view ourselves vs. the way others see us.

Listen on the go!

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Redesigning Reality 028 Rethinking Your Self-Image


The family of a Windrush migrant who died while trying to prove his British citizenship have withdrawn from his inquest.

Dexter Bristol, 57, collapsed in the street and died following the Windrush scandal, which saw British Caribbeans who had lived in the UK for decades deported, detained and denied access to benefits and healthcare, as they could not prove they were in the country legally.

Bristols mother, Sentina, blamed the stress caused by his immigration problems for his death on March 31, and said that Prime Minister Theresa May should resign. His family wanted to make submissions to the court about the role the scandal might have played in his death.

The family withdrew from an inquest held at St Pancras Coroners Court on Tuesday, after coroner Dr William Dolman ruled that the Home Office should not be considered an interested party  allowing it to play an active part in the hearing  as its policy was not relevant to the immediate circumstances of Bristols death.

Dolman ruled that Bristol died from an acute cardiac arrhythmia and that the causes were natural, but said: I accept from the evidence that the deceased was suffering from a great deal of stress at the time.

He also said that he was sorry that Bristols family were not there to hear the evidence.

The family had applied for an adjournment at the court for a judicial review and Sentina said they are disappointed.

We want justice, thats what were fighting for  justice, she added.

Jacqueline McKenzie, Bristols immigration lawyer said: Its really distressing that the family decided that they couldnt participate in the proceedings. I think thats really sad but I think they were quite right to do so.

I think the coroner did not show courtesy to the family or to their legal team.

Dr Dolman had apologised earlier after accusing Una Morris, representing Bristols family, of trying to tell me how to run my court.

Bristol had not realised he could not prove his citizenship until being sacked from his job for not having a passport in 2017.

McKenzie said: He was prepared to fight but as the months went on and he was required to find more evidence it became very difficult and we saw him just decline into a shadow of himself.

At the time of his death, he had not visited his GP for more than a year, believing he could not change surgeries unless he could prove his immigration status.

Family Of Windrush Migrant Who Died Walk Out Of Inquest Amid Row With Coroner