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+2024-06-23 12:12:12,399 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t 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Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill"]
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+2024-06-23 12:12:15,458 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill"]
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+2024-06-23 12:13:06,492 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill"]
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+2024-06-23 12:13:10,267 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill"]
+2024-06-23 12:13:11,481 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request"
+2024-06-23 12:13:11,482 - ERROR - Error processing question: Adobe Acrobat PDF Files, Error: Error code: 400 - {'error': {'message': "This model's maximum context length is 16385 tokens. However, your messages resulted in 30449 tokens (30323 in the messages, 126 in the functions). Please reduce the length of the messages or functions.", 'type': 'invalid_request_error', 'param': 'messages', 'code': 'context_length_exceeded'}}
+2024-06-23 12:24:11,299 - INFO - Received question: how many students is there
+2024-06-23 12:24:11,872 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:12,924 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:12,943 - INFO - Executing SQL query: SELECT COUNT(*) FROM student;
+2024-06-23 12:24:12,946 - INFO - Query successful: [(10,)]
+2024-06-23 12:24:13,400 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:14,394 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:14,396 - INFO - Response generated: There are 10 students in the database.
+2024-06-23 12:24:34,879 - INFO - Received question: what is DSP
+2024-06-23 12:24:36,200 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:37,283 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:37,286 - INFO - Executing SQL query: DSP stands for Digital Signal Processing. It is a technique used to analyze and manipulate digital signals to improve their quality or extract useful information from them.
+2024-06-23 12:24:37,288 - ERROR - Error executing query: DSP stands for Digital Signal Processing. It is a technique used to analyze and manipulate digital signals to improve their quality or extract useful information from them., Error: (mysql.connector.errors.ProgrammingError) 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'DSP stands for Digital Signal Processing. It is a technique used to analyze and ' at line 1
+[SQL: DSP stands for Digital Signal Processing. It is a technique used to analyze and manipulate digital signals to improve their quality or extract useful information from them.]
+(Background on this error at: https://sqlalche.me/e/20/f405)
+2024-06-23 12:24:37,289 - INFO - Searching documents for query: What is DSP?
+2024-06-23 12:24:37,655 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:37,891 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:38,115 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:38,311 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:38,540 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:38,757 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:38,760 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Delhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer\n\nPurging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000"]
+2024-06-23 12:24:40,388 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:43,082 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:43,084 - INFO - Response generated: I have retrieved information related to fibromyalgia from a document. Here is an excerpt from the document:
+
+"Fibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and tenderness all over your body. Unlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, bones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body."
+
+If you need more specific information or have any other questions, feel free to ask!
+2024-06-23 12:24:59,073 - INFO - Received question: what is adobe pdf
+2024-06-23 12:24:59,736 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:24:59,810 - INFO - Searching documents for query: adobe pdf
+2024-06-23 12:25:00,154 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:25:00,365 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:25:00,528 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:25:01,277 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
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+2024-06-23 12:25:01,671 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill"]
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+2024-06-23 12:25:04,991 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill"]
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+2024-06-23 12:25:42,400 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn���t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:"]
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+2024-06-23 12:25:45,159 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:"]
+2024-06-23 12:25:46,108 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request"
+2024-06-23 12:25:46,109 - ERROR - Error processing question: PDF, Error: Error code: 400 - {'error': {'message': "This model's maximum context length is 16385 tokens. However, your messages resulted in 30425 tokens (30299 in the messages, 126 in the functions). Please reduce the length of the messages or functions.", 'type': 'invalid_request_error', 'param': 'messages', 'code': 'context_length_exceeded'}}
+2024-06-23 12:25:58,801 - INFO - Received question: PDF  full form
+2024-06-23 12:25:59,538 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:25:59,632 - INFO - Searching documents for query: PDF full form
+2024-06-23 12:25:59,995 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:26:00,158 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:26:00,341 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 12:26:00,542 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
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+2024-06-23 12:26:00,976 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n��� paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "SELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:"]
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+2024-06-23 12:26:03,918 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n��\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "SELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:"]
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+2024-06-23 12:26:57,018 - INFO - Received question: what is Fibromyalgia
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+2024-06-23 12:26:59,517 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Delhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer\n\nPurging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:"]
+2024-06-23 12:27:00,816 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
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+2024-06-23 12:27:04,442 - INFO - Response generated: Fibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and tenderness all over the body. It is not related to problems with joints, bones, or muscles but is thought to be caused by the nervous system in the brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of the body. 
+
+Some key points about fibromyalgia include:
+- Symptoms include widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, aching and stiffness, forgetfulness, stress, headaches, and increased sensitivity to various stimuli.
+- It is estimated that between 1.8 million and 2.9 million people in the UK have fibromyalgia, with a higher prevalence in women.
+- The exact cause of fibromyalgia
+2024-06-23 13:07:26,737 - INFO - Received question: Adobe Acrobat PDF Files
+2024-06-23 13:07:27,505 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 13:07:27,632 - INFO - Searching documents for query: Adobe Acrobat PDF Files
+2024-06-23 13:07:27,992 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-06-23 13:07:28,212 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
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+2024-06-23 13:07:29,086 - INFO - Document search results: ["Fibromyalgia\nWords shown in bold are explained in the glossary on p.29.We’re the 10 million people living with arthritis. We’re the carers, \nresearchers, health professionals, friends and parents all united in  our ambition to ensure that one day, no one will have to live with  the pain, fatigue and isolation that arthritis causes.\nWe understand that every day is different. We know that what works \nfor one person may not help someone else. Our information is a collaboration of experiences, research and facts. We aim to give you everything you need to know about your condition, the treatments available and the many options you can try, so you can make the best and most informed choices for your lifestyle.\nWe’re always happy to hear from you whether it’s with feedback on our \ninformation, to share your story, or just to find out more about the work of Versus Arthritis. Contact us at content@versusarthritis.org\nRegistered office: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield S41 7TD\nRegistered Charity England and Wales No. 207711, Scotland No. SC041156.Contents\nLynn’s story  4\nWhat is fibromyalgia?  6\nSymptoms  6\nWho gets fibromyalgia?  8\nDoes it run in families?  8\nCauses  8\nDiagnosis  10\nWhat does the future hold for me?  11\nTreatments  13\nPhysical therapies  13\nPain clinics and pain management programmes  15\nPsychological therapies  15\nAcupuncture  18\nDrug treatments  18\nHow can I help myself?  20\nResearch and new developments  27\nGlossary  29\nWhere can I find out more?  30\nTalk to us  314 5 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520\nLynn’s story\nLynn White was diagnosed with fibromyalgia in her early 40s.  \nNow at 52, she wants people to know they can keep on top of their condition with treatment, self-care and the occasional treat.\n‘I had the symptoms for years before I found out I had fibro. I knew \nI wasn’t right. I’d feel awful.\n‘I’d get terribly low and I was in pain everywhere. But you just get \non with things don’t you. I didn’t want to make an issue out of it.  My daughter has JIA and Sjögren’s syndrome and she was so ill,  I couldn’t think about how I was feeling.‘When I eventually saw a rheumatologist, she just pressed my trigger points – I went through the roof. Tears were pouring down my face.\n‘Knowing I had fibro made such a difference. When you can name it, \nyou can start dealing with it.\n‘I have to look after myself. I try to pace myself. I exercise with a \npersonal trainer too, that makes all the difference.\n‘Exercise is so important. But don’t just go and exercise, you need \nto see a physiotherapist or a gym instructor. Doing the wrong exercises can be as harmful as doing nothing. Make yourself keep walking, because when you stop it’s so difficult to get going again.\n‘I have acupuncture, laser and heat treatments. They’re brilliant \nand really help. If I don’t go it takes weeks to get back on track.\n‘I get as much sleep as I can. In the morning I’m still tired and my \nlegs feel like lead, but I must get on and walk the dogs. Heat pads on my waist really help me walk. I always feel much better out in the fresh air.\n‘I watch my diet, because once the weight goes on it doesn’t shift, \nthat makes me feel worse.\n‘If I’m going out, I try not to do too much the day before and \nafter. Sometimes, I really don’t feel up to it, but my friends really understand.\n‘I have down days, but I deal with it. It helps to stay positive.  \nIt would be very easy to get down.\n‘I make sure I treat myself with a massage or a facial. It’s not \nindulgent, it helps. It’s so important to relax your body, mind and muscles and I know I’ll sleep well that night.\n‘Little things really do make a difference. I still have days I don’t \nfeel great, but I know I have to get on with things.’6 7 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What is fibromyalgia?\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that causes pain and \ntenderness all over your body.\nUnlike arthritis, this isn’t because you have problems with your joints, \nbones or muscles. It’s thought to be caused by your nervous system in your brain and spine not being able to control or process pain signals from other parts of your body.\nThe condition is also linked to: •\n poor sleep\n• feeling you can’t concentrate or remember things\n• extreme and constant tiredness that doesn’t improve with sleep or \nrest – which is known as fatigue.\nThere can be many other symptoms that affect different parts of your body.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:\n• pain – you may feel as though you’ve got pain that spreads \nthroughout your entire body, with certain parts – such as your neck and back – feeling particularly painful\n•\n tiredness, fatigue and generally feeling like you have no energy\n• sleeping badly – waking up feeling unrested\n• aching and stiffness, which often feels worse during or after you’ve been active.\nIt’s common for your condition to flare-up, making your symptoms suddenly worse.Fibromyalgia can also cause:\n•\n forgetfulness or poor concentration\n• stress, worry or low mood\n• tingling, numbness or swelling of your hands and feet\n• headaches\n• restless legs syndrome – a tingling, uncomfortable feeling in your \nlegs, especially at night\n• irritability, or feeling low or weepy\n• feeling like you urgently need to wee, especially at night\n• painful menstrual periods\n• diarrhoea, constipation and stomach pain – sometimes separately diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n•\n increased sensitivity to things like cold, sound, knocks and bumps\n• tender or overly sensitive joints and muscles.\nThe pain may feel like it’s affecting your whole body, or it may be particularly bad in just a few areas. Some people say their pain gets worse in extreme temperatures, such as very hot, cold or damp weather.\nPeople often say that besides the pain, fatigue is the worst part of \nfibromyalgia. This can be linked to a difficulty to think clearly or remember things properly, which is sometimes called fibro fog or brain fog.\nFibromyalgia can be physically and \nmentally overwhelming, but if you can learn to manage it you can reduce its impact on your life.8 9 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Who gets fibromyalgia?\nIt’s estimated that somewhere between 1.8 million and 2.9 million \npeople in the UK have fibromyalgia.\nIt most commonly develops between the ages of 25 and 55, although \nchildren can also get it. It appears that more women are diagnosed with fibromyalgia than men.\nDoes it run in families?\nWe don’t know for sure whether fibromyalgia can run in families.\nIt’s thought that people can inherit genes that make them more likely \nto get fibromyalgia, and the condition can then be triggered by an injury, physical or psychological trauma, or stress.\nCauses\nWe don’t currently know the exact reason why people get fibromyalgia. But there does seem to be a common link with things such as arthritis, a traumatic event, and mental health and well-being.\nFibromyalgia isn’t caused by damage or an injury to the body. But it \ndoes increase the sensitivity of your nerve endings, which means you could feel pain from a small amount of pressure or minor knocks.\nOne theory is that the condition is caused by problems with a \nperson’s central nervous system – which controls all the sensations and movements the body makes.\nStudies have shown that parts of the brain that register pain react \ndifferently if you have fibromyalgia. This means you feel pain when other people just feel uncomfortable or stiff.\nPeople with fibromyalgia often don’t get enough deep sleep. \nResearch shows that lack of good quality sleep can make pain worse, and maybe even cause pain.Pain, unhappiness, depression and stress can all make you sleep badly.\nSymptoms often start after an illness, accident, or a time of emotional \nstress and anxiety.\nWhen you’re low or depressed, your pain can also feel worse. At the \nsame time, your pain can make you feel more stressed.\nUnlike conditions, such as arthritis, the pain you feel with fibromyalgia \nisn’t caused by visible inflammation or damage to your body.\nThis doesn’t mean the symptoms of fibromyalgia are unreal or ‘all in \nyour mind’. However, anxiety, physical or mental trauma, and sleep disturbance are all thought to play a part in the condition.\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant \ncause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is important.\nFigure 1. The cycle of pain and sleep disturbance\n  \n \n Sleep \ndisturbanceLocalised \nmuscular/  \njoint pain\nInsufficient deep,  \nrestorative sleep\nDifficulty with daily activities, \nfatigue, widespred muscular \npain and tendernessDisease,  \nillness\nAnxiety,  \nlife crisis10 11 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Fibromyalgia doesn’t appear to cause lasting damage to your body, \nbut it’s important to stay physically active so your muscles don’t become weak. If your muscles become weak, you could cause  lasting damage.\nDiagnosis\nFibromyalgia can sometimes be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms vary from person to person.\nThere are some common symptoms your doctor will look for to help \ndiagnose fibromyalgia, including:\n•\n severe pain that has lasted three months or more\n• fatigue\n• regularly waking up feeling unrefreshed\n• problems with your memory and understanding.\nIt may help your doctor understand the problems you’re having \nif you make a list of any physical or psychological problems you’ve experienced. They will probably then carry out a physical examination.\nThere aren’t any specific blood tests, x-rays or scans to confirm a \ndiagnosis of fibromyalgia. But you might have blood tests to check for other conditions.\nMany symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to those of other \nconditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis\n, Sjögren’s syndrome \n(sher-grenz sin-drome) and an underactive thyroid gland.\nSome people may be diagnosed and treated for one of these other \nconditions. It is also possible to have one of these conditions as well as fibromyalgia.Your doctor may also suggest a referral to:\n•\n a rheumatologist – a doctor who specialises in conditions affecting \nthe bones, joints and muscles. They may confirm your diagnosis.\n• a physiotherapist – who can suggest exercises and relaxation techniques\n•\n a clinical psychologist or counsellor – who may use methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and mindfulness\n•\n an occupational therapist – who can advise you on the best way to carry out daily activities and work around your condition\n•\n a community or hospital-based specialist pain clinic, or chronic fatigue service – who can help you manage your symptoms.\nFor more information about how these specialists could help you, see the treatment section later in this booklet.\nWhat does the future hold for me?\nBecause fibromyalgia’s symptoms vary from person to person, it’s difficult to predict how long you will have the condition and the impact it will have on your life.\nAlthough there’s currently no cure, there are treatments, therapies and \nself-management techniques that can improve your quality of life.\nFibromyalgia doesn’t seem to cause long-term damage to your body. \nBut it’s important to keep your muscles and joints strong through activity.\nGradually increasing how much exercise you do can also improve \nyour symptoms.12 13 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Treatments\nThere are a number of ways your symptoms can be managed.\nIn many cases, fibromyalgia can be diagnosed and treated by your \nGP, without the need to see a specialist.\nThey can advise you on treatments and therapies that tackle specific \nsymptoms. These may include drug treatments. However, physical and psychological therapies can often be a more effective way of managing fibromyalgia than medication.\nThere are also many things you can do for yourself that can change \nthe way your condition impacts upon your life.\nPhysical therapies\nDepending on how your fibromyalgia is affecting you, your doctor may refer you to a physiotherapist or occupational therapist.\nPhysiotherapy\nPhysiotherapy can help relieve the pain of fibromyalgia .\nPhysiotherapists are trained specialists who can help you stay active and independent. They will show you the best exercises to strengthen your muscles, without hurting yourself or putting your body under too much strain.\nThey can show you how something as simple as improving your \nposture can help your pain. They may also advise you on relaxation techniques which can be just as important as exercise when you’re dealing with fibromyalgia.\nYour doctor can refer you to an NHS physiotherapist. In some areas \nyou can refer yourself, but this may take a while.‘It helps to stay positive. It would be \nvery easy to get down…. Little things really do make a difference. I know I have to get on with things.’\n14 15 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Occupational therapy\nOccupational therapy can help you manage your everyday \nactivities around your fibromyalgia, without increasing your pain or overwhelming yourself.\nYour occupational therapist may suggest new ways you can get \nthings done. They may also teach you some relaxation techniques.\nIf you still find some activities difficult after you’ve made these \nchanges, they may suggest equipment, known as aids and adaptations, to help you.\nYour doctor can refer you to an occupational therapist or you can \nsee one privately, for a fee.\nIf you’re having problems at work, your employer may have an \noccupational health team that could help you. Otherwise, you can contact a Jobcentre Plus office to ask for advice.To find a private occupational therapist, visit the  Royal College of Occupational Therapists website  www.rcot.co.uk\nFor more information about working with fibromyalgia, you can also look at the living with arthritis section of our website www.versusarthritis.orgPain clinics and pain management \nprogrammes\nPain clinics bring together the skills of a wide range of professionals, \nsuch as: \n• specialist pain consultants\n• physiotherapists\n• occupational therapists\n• psychologists\n• social workers\n• employment advisors.\nThey can provide specific treatments or rehabilitation therapies that \ncould reduce the effects of fibromyalgia.\nA pain specialist may suggest you join a pain management \nprogramme, which brings together people with different long-term pain conditions. Pain management won’t take away your pain, but it can help you manage it better and reduce its impact on your life.\nThese sessions are often led by psychologists who specialise in \nhelping people find ways to live with their pain. They are usually held in an outpatient clinic and run over several days or weeks.\nPsychological therapies\nPain is never just a physical experience, especially if it lasts a long time. Pain can affect your mood and behaviour.\nPsychological approaches to pain management try to address \nthe emotional effects of your pain and the things that can make your pain worse. They help you look at how your pain affects your thoughts and habits, and how your emotions can affect your pain.It can be quicker to see a physiotherapist privately, but you would pay for the appointment. To find a private physiotherapist, visit the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy website www.csp.org.uk16 17 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is a \ntalking therapy, try to reduce the overwhelming effect of problems such as stress, unhappiness and pain.\nThey aim to help you understand how you react to different \nproblems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable, chunks. This should help you change the way you react to them and the effect they have on you.\nMaking small changes to the way you react to a situation or problem \ncan often improve both your emotional and physical health.\nPsychological therapies can also include relaxation techniques and \nother ways to reduce your stress.\nThey encourage you not to be too hard on yourself, even when you feel frustrated, and to accept that sometimes there are limits to what you can do.\nA number of healthcare professionals often have training in CBT, so \nyou may not have to see a psychologist.\nFor more information about psychological therapies and CBT, the British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) keeps a register of all accredited therapists in the UK at: www.babcp.com18 19 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Before prescribing drugs to treat your pain, your doctor will discuss \nthe benefits and risks of starting drug treatment. If you are aged  over 18, it’s likely they will first try you on an antidepressant, such as: \n•\n amitriptyline\n• citalopram\n• duloxetine\n• fluoxetine\n• paroxetine\n• sertraline.\nAntidepressants are regularly used to treat sleep problems and \npain, as well as depression. When they are used to treat pain, they’re usually prescribed at a lower dose than when they are used to treat depression. However, they can still help if your condition effects  your mood.  \nAntidepressants are now recommended by the National Institute \nof Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as the first choice of drug treatment for unexplained long-term, widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia.\nYou might need to take\n them for a few months before you feel their \nfull benefits.  Your doctor  will gradually increase the dose to a level \nthat works for you.    \nSome antidepressants can make you feel sleepy, so avoid taking \nthem before you drive, cycle or use heavy machinery.  You usually \nneed to take them about two hours before bedtime.    \nAll drugs have potential side effects. It’s important to talk to your doctor about how to get the best balance between pain relief and any unpleasant effects.\n  If you feel like a treatment isn’t helping you, \ntalk to your doctor.    Acupuncture\nYour doctor may recommend a course of acupuncture from a trained NHS healthcare professional, such as a physiotherapist, to help with your pain.\nAcupuncture uses fine needles, inserted into several specific parts of \nthe body to relieve pain. There is evidence to support its use in the short-term treatment of fibromyalgia, Though a course of treatments may only help for up to three months, it may help you start managing your condition.\nYou may be able to receive this treatment at a local health centre  \nor GP surgery.\nDoctors will not recommend treatment with devices such as TENS \nmachines, ultrasound or interferential therapy, because there is currently little evidence to support their use in treating fibromyalgia.\nDrug treatments\nDrugs  can’t treat fibromyalgia, but they  can help reduce your symptoms. \nYour doctor may only recommend drug treatment once you’ve tried\n \noptions, such as exercise, psychological therapy or acupuncture.  \n20 21 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520In the past people with fibromyalgia have been prescribed a variety \nof different types of drugs, such as:\n• gabapentin and pragabalin, which target nerve pain\n• opioid painkillers, such as codeine, tramadol and morphine\n• compound painkillers, including co-codamol and co-dydramol\n• paracetamol\n• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as \nibuprofen and naproxen\n• steroid injections.\nIf you are currently prescribed one of these drugs, your doctor is likely to want to discuss whether your condition could be treated differently in the future.\nHow can I help myself?\nExercise\nIf you’re in pain, your instinct may be to avoid exercise or moving around too much. But keeping active is a really important part of the treatment for fibromyalgia and can prevent other health problems.\nYour symptoms and general health can be improved by a \ncombination of aerobic exercise and movements that improve your flexibility and strength.\nExercise has been proven to improve fatigue and our ability to \ncontrol pain.\nAt first, you may find that your pain and tiredness become worse, \nparticularly if you’re starting to exercise muscles that haven’t been used for a while. Try to do the same amount of exercise each day, so you build up your muscle strength and your stamina.\nThen, after doing your routine of exercises for a couple of weeks, \nslowly increase the amount you do, and this will improve your fitness, stamina and flexibility.Aerobic exercises\nAerobic exercise is anything that makes you a little out of breath and your heart beat faster.\nSwimming is recommended for people with fibromyalgia. Taking a \nbrisk walk and cycling can also help.\nAt home, you could step up and down your bottom step several \ntimes, or march on the spot to get your heart beating faster.\nResearch shows aerobic exercise \nimproves your fitness and can also reduce the pain and fatigue of fibromyalgia. It should also improve  your sleep and general wellbeing.\n22 23 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Diet and nutrition\nThere’s no particular diet that’s been proven to help fibromyalgia. \nHowever, it’s recommended that you keep to a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats, sugar and salt, and has plenty of fruit and vegetables. It’s also good to drink six to eight glasses of water every day.\nYou can order our Diet and arthritis information booklet on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.Find more information about healthy eating in our  About arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgStrengthening exercisesStrengthening exercises help develop and build the muscles that move and protect your joints. They may be difficult at first but should become easier with practice.\nAim to do at least one session a day, either at home or in a gym. Ask \na GP or physiotherapist for examples of strengthening exercises you could do at home.\nYou can also buy specially designed equipment, such as ankle \nweights. Begin with lighter weights, then move on to heavier ones, if you feel able to.\nStrengthening equipment in a gym allows you to work your muscles \nby pushing or pulling against a resistance, such as weights or elastic ropes. You can ask an instructor for advice about using the equipment, if you’re not sure.\nStretching exercises\nStretching, or range of movement, exercises can increase your flexibility. You can do these anywhere. There are plenty of examples of exercises online, or you could ask a physiotherapist. Some people with fibromyalgia have found t'ai chi and yoga help.\nAlternatively, you could take a look at our Keep moving booklet for more advice. This is available to order on our website or by calling our free helpline  on 0800 5200 520.For more information, see our exercise advice in the managing your symptoms pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.org/exercise\n24 25 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Complementary treatments\nSome people with fibromyalgia find that complementary treatments \nhelp their symptoms.\nMassage can be helpful for some people with fibromyalgia. However, \nthe effects don’t often last that long.\nIf you want to try a complementary treatment, speak to your doctor \nfirst, in case it affects any other treatment you’re on.\nIt’s important to go to a legally registered therapist, or one who has a \nset ethical code and is fully insured.\nIf you decide to try therapies or supplements, you should be critical \nof what they’re doing for you and only continue if they’re helping.\nSleep\nPoor sleep appears to be a significant cause of fibromyalgia, so getting enough good-quality sleep is an important part of your treatment. Not only will it help with tiredness and fatigue, but it may also improve your pain.\nSleeping tablets are not normally recommended, as the body can \nbecome tolerant to them, which can lead to the effects wearing off and even addiction. But regular activity, particularly aerobic exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have proven effective for people with disrupted sleep patterns.You can find more information about complementary treatments in our About Arthritis pages on our website  www.versusarthritis.orgIt can also help to change your habits around bedtime. To help you get a better night’s sleep:\n•\n Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and a comfortable \ntemperature.\n• Try a warm bath before bedtime to help ease pain and stiffness.\n• Develop a regular routine, where you go to bed and get up at a similar time each day.\n•\n You may like to try listening to some soothing music before going to bed.\n•\n Some gentle exercises may help reduce muscle tension, but it’s probably best to avoid energetic exercise too close to bedtime.\n•\n Keep a notepad by your bed – if you think of something you need to do the next day, write it down and then put it out of your mind.\n•\n Avoid caffeine in the eight hours before you go to bed.\n• Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime.\n• Avoid eating main meals close to bedtime.\n• If you smoke, try to stop smoking, or at least don’t smoke  close to bedtime.\n•\n Try not to sleep during the day.\n• Avoid watching TV and using computers, tablets or smartphones in your bedroom.\n•\n Don’t keep checking the time during the night.\nYou can also find this information in our Sleep and arthritis booklet, which can be ordered via the website or by calling our free helpline on 0800 5200 520.You can find more information about things that could improve the quality of sleep on our website at  www.versusarthritis.org/sleep26 27 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520What else can I do?\nBecause fibromyalgia varies from person to person, we suggest you \ntry some of the following tips to find out what works for you:\n• Learn about fibromyalgia – understanding your condition can help \nreduce your fears and anxiety. It also means you’re fully aware of treatment and self-management approaches that can help you.\n•\n Find a support group in your area or an online forum for people with fibromyalgia. Talking about your experiences with other people who understand can help.\n•\n Encourage your family and friends to learn more about your condition and to talk to you about it. You could show them this information. It’s especially important they understand how your pain affects you, even if you look well.\n•\n Find ways to talk about your feelings, such as anxiety, low mood  or anger. Counselling or CBT can help – your GP will be able to refer you.\n•\n For ‘fibro fog’, some people find mental exercises like crosswords or jigsaw puzzles help. Do as much as you can to stimulate  your brain.\n•\n Pick your best time of day to do anything needing concentration. Explain to others if fibromyalgia affects your memory.\n•\n Learn to pace yourself by breaking tasks into smaller chunks, giving yourself time to rest in between.\n•\n Stress and unhappiness can make fibromyalgia pain feel worse – addressing what’s making you feel that way could help.\n•\n Ask for help from people at your workplace, such as a friend, colleague or manager.\n•\n Working shorter hours, as well as adapting your desk, chair, computer and other working areas for comfort, can all help.•\n Ask an occupational therapist, your local Jobcentre Plus office or Citizens Advice service for advice. They can work with both you and your employer.\n•\n Applying heat with a hot water bottle, or having a hot bath or shower, can help pain and improve morning stiffness.\n•\n If you have a dry mouth, try a toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate.\n•\n Some people have found meditation helps improve their pain.\n• Try the treatments your doctor offers and discuss which ones  are helpful.\nResearch and new developments\nVersus Arthritis is funding a number of research studies into the causes, effects and treatment of fibromyalgia. Some examples include:\n•\n A study at the University of Cambridge is looking at why things \nthat wouldn’t normally be painful, such as sound, light and gentle touch become painful for people with fibromyalgia, and whether brain signals that process pain differ in people with fibromyalgia.\n•\n Research underway at the University of Sussex is examining how the body's natural fight and flight response to stress might be altered in people who have fibromyalgia. This work is also looking at the role inflammation might have in this process.\n•\n We are funding work at the University of Liverpool investigating how the brain processes pain signals. It has been found that in people with long-term pain such as fibromyalgia there are differences in the structure and activity in the parts of the brain that process pain signals. Using mathematical modelling, this work could help to match people up with the best treatment option  for them.28 29 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520• We are also investigating how to improve healthcare services  \nfor people with fibromyalgia. Research being carried out at the University of Aberdeen is looking at how long it took people  with fibromyalgia to get diagnosed and where in the system improvements can be made.\nThe Pain Centre Versus ArthritisIn partnership with the University of Nottingham and local NHS Trusts, Versus Arthritis supports the world’s first national centre for research into pain.\nThe aims of the centre are to improve our understanding of pain and \nways to stop it, through existing and new treatments.\nThe centre has experts in rheumatology, neuroimaging, psychology, \nneuropharmacology, neurosciences and orthopaedic surgery.For the latest news from around the charity,  including about our research, visit our website:  www.versusarthritis.org/news\nIf you’d like to receive regular updates about our latest research, support services and campaigns, visit this page and fill in your details so we can send you our newsletter: www.versusarthritis.org/newsletterGlossary\nRheumatoid arthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis (room-a-toyd arth-rye-tus) is a long-term condition that can cause pain, swelling and stiffness in your joints.\nSjögren’s syndrome  \nSjögren’s syndrome (sher-grenz sin-drome) is an autoimmune condition that causes a dry mouth and eyes. It can also affect other parts of the body and cause joint pain and fatigue. It can occur on its own, or in relation to another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.\xa0\nUnderactive thyroid  \nAn underactive thyroid gland or hypothyroidism, is when the thyroid, a gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough important hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed.30 31 versusarthritis.org\nHelpline 0800 5200 520Where can I find out more?  \xa0\nIf you’ve found this information useful, you might be interested in \nother titles from our range. You can download all of our booklets from our website www.versusarthritis.org or order them by contacting our Helpline. If you wish to order by post, our address  can be found on the back of this booklet.\nBulk orders\nFor bulk orders, please contact our warehouse, APS, directly to  \nplace an order:\nPhone: 0800 515 209 \nEmail: info@versusarthritis.org\nTell us what you think\nAll of our information is created with you in mind. And we want to know if we are getting it right. If you have any thoughts or suggestions on how we could improve our information, we would love to hear from you. \nPlease send your views to bookletfeedback@versusarthritis.org  \nor write to us at: Versus Arthritis, Copeman House, St Mary’s Court, St Mary’s Gate, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S41 7TD.\nThank you! \xa0\nA team of people helped us create this booklet. Versus Arthritis medical advisors, Dr Peter Glennon and Aneela Mian are responsible for the content overall. We would also like to thank professor  Ernest Choy and Lisa Turner for helping us review this booklet.\xa0\nWe would also like to give a special thank you to the people \nwho shared their opinions and thoughts on the booklet. Your contributions make sure the information we provide is relevant  and suitable for everyone.Talk to us\nOur offices\nWe have offices in each country of the UK. Please get in touch  to find out what services and support we offer in your area:\nEngland\nTel: 0300 790 0400 Email: enquiries@versusarthritis.org\nScotland\nTel: 0141 954 7776 Email: scotland@versusarthritis.org\nNorthern Ireland\nTel: 028 9078 2940 Email: nireland@versusarthritis.org\nWales\nTel: 0800 756 3970 \nEmail: cymru@versuarthritis.orgHelpline\nYou don’t need to face arthritis alone. Our advisors aim  \nto bring all of the information and advice about arthritis  \ninto one place to provide tailored support for you.\nHelpline: 0800 5200 520 \nEmail: helpline@versusarthritis.orgFibromyalgia\nFibromyalgia is a long-term condition that can cause pain throughout \nthe body. It can make you feel extremely tired and affect your ability to concentrate. In this booklet, we explain what fibromyalgia is, how it’s treated and how you can manage its impact on your life. \nFor information please visit our website: \nversusarthritis.org0300 790 0400\n /VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis \n @VersusArthritis\n© Versus Arthritis 2020\nVA2013", 'Table\tof\tBenefits\t-\tDubai\tand\t\nNorthern\tEmirates\tApplicants\nSILVER\nTerritorial\tScope\tof\tCoverage Worldwide\nAggregate\tAnnual\tLimit AED\t1\tMillion\nSilk\tRoad\t(op\tAccess\tto\tClinics\tonly)\nFrom\t10\tPM\tto\t8AM\tOut\tPatient\t\ntreatments\taccess\tis\tavailable\tat\t\nNetwork\tHospitals\nCoverage\tCriteria\tfor\nTreatment\toutside\tUAECoverage\toutside\tUAE\tis\tlimited\tto\t\n90\tdays\tper\ttreatment.\tA\tsingle\t\nholiday\tor\tbusiness\ttrip\tmay\tnot\t\nexceed\t90\tdays\nUnderwriting\tterms\tand\tcoverage\t\ncriteria\tfor\tPre-existing,Chronic\tconditions:• All pre-existing medical conditions \nshould\tbe\tdeclared\tin\tthe\tMedical\t \t \t\n\t Application\tForm\tand\tis\tsubject\tto\t\nmedical\tunderwriting.\n• All declared Pre-existing and \nChronic\tconditions\tare\tcovered\t\nwith a sub limit of AED 150,000/- \n• Undeclared pre-existing \nconditions\twill\tnot\tbe\tcovered\t\nduring\tthe\tpolicy\tperiod\tand\twill\t\nbe\tunderwritten\tat\trenewal.\n\t All\tadverse\tfindings\ton\thealth\t\ndeclarations\twould\tbe\tpriced\ton\t\neach\tcase\tbasis).\tIn\tcase\tof\t\nmisrepresentation\tinsurer\t\nreserves\tthe\tright\tto\tcancel\tthe\t\npolicyMedical\tNetwork\tSilver Insurance\tPlanRoom\tType PrivateIN\tPATIENT\tBENEFITS\nThe\tcost\tof\taccommodation\tof\ta\t\nperson\taccompanying\ta\tbeneficiary\t\nbelow\t16\tyears\tof\tage\tin\tthe\tsame\t\nroom\tin\tcases\tof\tmedical\tnecessity\tat\t\nthe\t\trecommendation\tof\tthe\ttreating\tdoctor\t\tand\twith\tprior\tapprovalCovered\t\n(Max\tup\tto\tAED\t100\tper\tnight)\nIntensive\tcare\tunit\tand\tcoronary\tartery\tdisease\ttreatmentYes\nRecipient\tOrgan\ttransplantation\tservice,\texcluding\tany\tcharges\t\nrelated\tto\tDonorOrgan\ttransplantation\tshall\tcover\t\nthe\torgan\ttransplantation\tas\t\nrecipient\texcluding\tany\tcost\t\nrelated\tto\tdonor,\tand\texcluding\t\nthe\tacquisition\tand\torgan\tcost.\t\nOrgans\tcovered\tare:\theart,\tlung,\t\nkidney,\tpancreas,\tliver,\tAllogeneic\t\n&\tautologous\tbone\tmarrow.\nRepatriation\tcosts\tfor\tthe\ttransport\t\nof\tmortal\tremains\tto\tthe\tcountry\tof\t\noriginCovered up to AED 7500/-Ambulance\tServices\n(in\tMedical\tEmergency\tonly\tand\nif\tfollowed\tby\tadmission)Yes\nCopay\ton\tconsultation\tfor\tfollow\tup\t\nwithin\t7\tdays\tfor\tsame\ttreatment\t\nand\twith\tsame\tDoctor.No\tCopayPhysician\tConsultation Covered\twith\tCopay\tof\t20%\tmax\t\nAED\t50\tper\tconsultationOUT\tPATIENT\tBENEFITSEmergency\tDental\ttreatment\tfor\naccidental\tdamage\tto\tnatural\tteethUnder\tthis\tbenefit\tthe\ttreatment\trequired\twithin\tthree\tmonths\t\nfollowing\taccidental\tdamage\tto\t\nsound\tnatural\tteeth\tcaused\tby\ta\t\nviolent\texternal\tmeans\twhen\tthe\t\ntreatment\tis\tgiven\tby\ta\tPhysician,\t\ndentist\tor\tdental\tsurgeon\tis\t\ncovered.\n*\t\t\tNo\ttreatment\twill\tbe\tcovered\t\n\t\t\t\t\tafter\t3\tmonths\tof\tthe\taccident.\n**\tTreatment\trequired\tas\tthe\tresult\t\n\t\t\t\t\tof\tthe\tconsumption\tof\tfood\tor\t\n\t\t\t\t\tdrink\tor\tany\tforeign\tbodies\t\n\t\t\t\t\tcontained\tin\tsuch\tfood\tor\tdrink\t\n\t\t\t\t\tis\tnot\tcovered.Physiotherapy\n(Subject\tto\tPrior\tApproval)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tup\tto\t15\tsessions\tper\tmember\tper\tyear\nDay\tcare\tTreatment Covered\nOut\tPatient\tSurgery Covered\nEmergency\tMental\thealth\tTreatments Covered\nWork\tRelated\tInjuries\tand\tillness Not\tCoveredOTHER\tSALIENT\tBENEFITS*Approval\tprotocol\tfor\tFree\taccess\tat\tnetwork\tproviders\twill\tfollow\tDHA\tguidelinesDiagnostics\t(X-Ray,\tMRI,\tCT-Scan,\t\nultrasound\tand\tEndoscopy)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoicePrescribed\tDrugs\tand\tMedicines\t\n(covered\tup\tto\tABL)Covered\twith\t0%\tcopay\tper\t\ninvoiceCancer\tTreatments-\tScreening\tHealth\t\ncare\tservices,\tinvestigations\tand\ttreatments\tonly\tfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\tSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHAPreventive\tservices\tcovered\tfor\t\nmembers\tover\t18\tyears\tof\tage\n*Prior\tApproval\tis\trequired\tfor\t\nFree\tAccess\tfacility(Non\tAUH)Diabetic\tScreening:\tFasting\tBlood\tSugar\tand\tHBA1C\t\ntests\tare\tcovered\tonce\ta\tpolicy\t\nyear\tfor\teligible\tmembers\nHepatitis\tC\tInfection-\tScreening\t\nHealth\tcare\tservices,\tinvestigations\t\nand\ttreatments\trelated\tto\tviral\thepatitis\tand\tits\tcomplications\tonly\t\nfor\tmembers\tenrolled\tunder\tPatient\t\nSupport\tProgramCovered\tas\tper\tterms,\tconditions\t\nand\texclusions\tof\tthe\tprogram\t\ndefined\tby\tDHA\nDiagnostic\tand\ttreatment\tservices\t\nfor\tdental\tand\tgum\ttreatments,\t\nHearing\tand\tvision\taids,\tand\tvision\tcorrection\tby\tsurgeries\tand\tlaser\t(Emergency\tcases\tOnly)Covered\tin\tmedical\temergenciesNew\tBorn\tbaby\tcoverage\nBabies born inside and out-side UAE \n- New born expenses are covered \nfrom\tDate\tof\tBirth\tunder\tthe\t\nmother’s card for the first 30 days \nfrom\tdate\tof\tbirth\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nBenefit\tLimit\tof\tmother.\nNew\tborn\tbabies\twill\tbe\tadded\tto\t\nthe\tprinciple\tpolicy\tonly\tupon\trequested\tby\tthe\tpolicy\tholder\tand\t\nis\tsubject\tto\tMedical\tunderwriting.\nCoverage\tfor\tnew\tborn\tare\tin\tline\t\nwith\tDHA\tbenefit\tguidelines.\nInfluenza\tVaccine\n(For\tDubai\tVisa\tholders)\n(On\tReimbursement\tBasis)As\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\tCovered\tonce\t\nper\tannum\ton\tat\tdesignated\tclinics\t\nonly.\nHepatitis\tB\tVirus\tScreening\tand\t\ntreatmentas\tper\tDHA\tguidelines\nAdult\tPneumococcal\tConjugate\tVaccine\t(On\tReimbursement\tBasis) To\tbe\tfollowed\tas\tper\tthe\tguidelines\t\nlaid\tout\tin\tAdult\tPneumococcal\tVaccination\tguidelinesMaternity\tBenefits\nInpatient\t&\tOutpatient\tcoverage\tincludes:\t\n1.\t Pre\t&\tPost\tnatal\ttreatments\t\n2.\t Normal\tdelivery\t\n3.\t Medically\tnecessary\tCaesarean\t\nSection\t\n4.\tMaternity\trelated\tComplications\t5.\t Medically\tnecessary\tlegal\t\nterminations\n\t\n*\tIn-patient\tmaternity\ttreatment\tare\t\nsubject\tto\tprior\tapproval- Normal Delivery expenses are \ncovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\tAED\t\n10,000/-\n- Medically necessary Caesarean \nSection\tand\tcomplication\texpenses\t\nare\tcovered\tup\tto\ta\tsub\tlimit\tof\t\n AED 10,000/-\n- Any Medical Emergency expenses \nrelated\tto\tMaternity\twill\tbe\tcovered\tup to a sub limit of AED 150,000/-\n- Out Patient eligible Maternity \nexpenses\tare\tcovered\tup\tto\tAnnual\t\nlimit\n- 10% co-payment applicable on all \nMaternity treatments, including out- patient\tMaternity\tconsultation\t(no\t\nDeductible\tapplies)\n- The following screening tests are \ncovered\tas\tper\tDHA\tAntenatal\tcare\t\t\nprotocol:\n\t•\t FBC\tand\tPlatelets\n\t•\t Blood\tgroup,\tRhesus\tstatus\tand\t\nantibodies\n\t•\t VDRL\n\t•\t MSU\t&\turinalysis\t\n\t•\t Rubella\tserology\t\n\t• HIV\t\n\t• Hepatitis\tC\toffered\tto\thigh\trisk\t\npatients\n\t• GTT,\tif\thigh\trisk\n\t• FBS,\tRandom\tblood\tsugar\tOR\t\nHbA1C\n\t• Ultrasonography:\t3\tscansTakaful Emarat’s Global emergency \nassistance\tprogram\tprovided\t\nthrough\tAssist\tAmerica\nThis\tprogram\timmediately\tconnects\tyou\tto\t\nqualified\thealthcare\tproviders,\thospitals,\t\npharmacies,\tand\tother\tservices\tif\tyou\texperience\t\nan\temergency\twhile\ttraveling\tmore\tthan\t150\tkilometers\taway\tfrom\tyour\tpermanent\tresidence,\tor\tin\tanother\tcountry,\tfor\tup\tto\t90\tdays.\n\t\n1-877-488-9857\t(Toll\tFree\twithin\tthe\tU.S.)1-609-275-4999\t(Collect\tCall\toutside\tthe\tU.S.)\nEmail\tmedservices@assistamerica.com\n\tYour\tAssist\tAmerica\tReference\tNumber\tis:\t97-AL-TEI-3191\n\t\nNote:\tRefer\tto\tthe\tpamphlet\tfor\tterms\tand\tconditionsMedical\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Emergency Medical Evacuation\n- Medical Repatriation- Foreign Hospital Admission Assistance- Medical Monitoring- Medical Referrals- Prescription Assistance\nTravel\tEmergency\tAssistance\n- Compassionate Visit- Care of Minor Children- Return of Mortal Remains- Lost Luggage or Document Assistance- Interpreter and Legal Referrals- Emergency Message Transmission- Pre-Trip InformationAlternative\tMedicine\tBenefit\tcovers:\t\nOsteopathy,\t\tChiropractic,\t\nHomeopathy,\tAcupuncture,\t\t\nAyurveda\tand\tHerbal\tTreatmentsCovered\ton\treimbursement\nup to AED 1,600/-\nVaccination\tfor\tChildrenas\tper\tMOH\tschedule\n*(Require\tpre-authorization)Covered\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\n(Free\tAccess)Covered(Out-side UAE: covered maximum\nup\tto\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\nnetwork\trates)CLAIMS\tSETTLEMENT\tTERMS\t(What\tis\tPaid\tby\tthe\tInsurer)\nOutside\tthe\tNetwork\n(Reimbursement)\tReimbursement\t\tin\tSEA:\n- 100% of actual covered cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t100%\tof\tUAE\tapplicable\t\tnetwork\t\trates\n\t Reimbursement\t\telsewhere\twithin\t\nterritorial\tscope\tof\tcover*:\n- 80% of Actual Covered Cost \nsubject\tto\tmaximum\tof\t80%\tof\t\nUAE\tApplicable\tNetwork\t\trates\n*\t No\tElective\ttreatment\t\nreimbursement\tfor\tSilk\tRoad\tNetwork\tinside\tUAE.Elective\tTreatment\nWithin\tthe\tNetwork\tand\nOutside\tNetwork100%\tof\tActual\tCovered\tCostEMERGENCY TREATMENTSDental\tBenefits\n*Consultation\t&\tX-Ray,\tScaling,\tTooth\t\nExtraction,\tAmalgam\tfillings,\t\nTemporary\tand/or\tpermanent\t\ncomposite,\tfillings\tand\troot\tcanal\t\ntreatment\tand\tCrown\tonly.Covered\twith\t20%\tcopay\tup\tto\t\nAED\t3500\nFree\tAccess - Covered with pre-\nauthorization\tonly\t–\t\nCo-payment 20% applicable \nReimbursement - Additional 20% \nco-payment applicable over free access', 'Purging ere al TN a ea ecto Cee\n\n \n\nHOME ABOUTUS OURSCHOOL LEARNING HALLOFFAME ADMISSION WORKWITHUS CONTACTUS\n\nPH\n\n   \n\nhi lio}e] Bs\n\n\\ AWARD WINNING SCHOOL WITH MORE THAN\nTWO DECADES OF EXCELLENCE\n\nKHALIFA AWARD FOR EDUCATION\n\nA |\n\n500+\n\nDEDICATED\nFACULTY\n\njo\n100%\n\nPLACEMENT TO\nWORLD CLASS\nUNIVERSITIES\n\n \n\nMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR\n\nGOSS ec enn eRe ea) ,\nalee oy LE ° Pane eds\nth year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the pryahtane\n\nRe ee RRO ca eR esa aoe\nSeno Me sae Mace cua Rice\nTea Sg ee Nag Cn Ree ea\nseme Lg\n\nDANA MARWAHA\nSeen]\n\n \n\nMISSION & VISION STUDENT BLOG\n\nOur school aims to consider the\nuniqueness and individual needs\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nof its pupils by delivering, nigra COMmmontcence\nEW SCHOOL Neen\nVIEW SHOWCASE\nSCHOOLS\nEDUCATIONAL -\nPARADIGM MY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\nDelhi Private School Sharjah -\nfollows an indigenous model of Health &\nEducation which has evolved. y GEN 2) Mind Club We area\n\neM view ViEW howcase School\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nNN cam ey\n\nEemEny ITD (> ml fim)\n\nSewer', 'Home\n\tMESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL & DIRECTOR: \nDelhi Private School Sharjah stands witness to this, as our institution steps into its 25th year of being a forerunner in providing worldclass education to the students of the Indian diaspora in the UAE. We began as a modest institution with 145 students and equipped with the dream to nurture the best. Today, we stand tall with almost 6000 students enjoying and experiencing the tradition of excellence at DPS Sharjah, where innovation has grown to be a culture and every student is an explorer… an innovator!  \nMISSION & VISION\nOur school aims to consider the uniqueness and individual needs of its pupils by delivering…\nEDUCATIONAL PARADIGM\nDelhi Private School Sharjah follows an indigenous model of Education which has evolved…\nPRIMARY:\n  \tFROM THE DESK OF THE HM\nThe DPS , Sharjah primary wing exudes a warm and friendly environment where a core commitment...\nAt Delhi Private School -Sharjah, we build on the principle of enjoying the journey of education while we focus on...\nThe primary wing of DPS Sharjah is a buzzing hub of happy, eager, curious, and natural learners…\nFACILITIES:\nSTEM LAB:\nThe school has introduced STEM LABS for students of Grades 1- 5.\nSTEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics — with an interdisciplinary and applied approach.\n \nRather than teach the four disciplines as separate and discrete subjects, STEM integrates them into a cohesive learning paradigm based on real-world applications.\n\t\tIMMERSIVE ROOM:\nThe state-of-the-art Immersive Room is a cutting-edge facility designed to transform the way our primary school students learn. This 3-D learning and interactive environment offers a dynamic, hands-on approach to education, allowing students to explore subjects in a vivid, engaging manner. In the Immersive Room, lessons come to life as students can dive into virtual worlds, interact with 3-D models, and participate in interactive simulations. Whether exploring ancient civilizations, traveling through the human body, or experimenting with scientific concepts, the Immersive Room provides an unparalleled opportunity for students to engage deeply with their studies.\nFINE ARTS STATION\n\t\t\tSpecial well-equipped rooms have been allocated for teaching Art, Dance and Music to the students.\n\t\tSMART CLASSES:\nHands -on learning has been  taken to a new level through our IT support system. Children learn best when they visualize what they are learning. The Interactive Smart Boards , Hybrid classrooms, smart tech  tools enhance the teaching and make learning more interesting, engaging and relevant  for the children.\nENRICHMENT RESOURCE CENTRE:\nThe school offers a support system to classroom teaching enabling children to cope better with the surroundings. It is unique as it provides direct services in terms of evaluation and remediation that takes the mystery out of why learning may become difficult for a child. Also the centre offers an Individual Education Program is for children lagging behind academically. \nLIBRARIES:\nThe school lays a lot of emphasis on cultivating a mature reading habit in the children. We have three separate libraries for students of KGII to Grade V. Housing a wide range of age-appropriate books, ranging from fiction to general knowledge, they ensure your child gets an early introduction into the magic world of books, fostering a habit that will stand him in good stead for a lifetime.\nCLINIC:\nThe primary school is equipped with three clinics which are looked after by qualified nurses and an in house doctor.  Health check-ups of children are done regularly and records are maintained.  Parents are informed in case a child needs special attention.\nPLAY AREAS\nSafe play areas with well-defined boundaries are available for the children to frolic in. Separate areas are demarcated for different age-groups. Play facilities that contribute to children’s physical fitness have been installed where children engage in supervised play.\nRULES:\nLEAVE RULES\nDigital Almanac will be available  on the school website from this academic year .\n \nMEETING WITH TEACHERS                       \n• Parents can meet teachers by prior appointment only. Online appointments on Teams may be fixed by communicating with the teacher through the Communication portal in Special programs. .\n \nDISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOUR                           \nTo create a pleasant atmosphere, conducive to distance  learning as well as onsite learning wherein children can study safely and efficiently, high standards of positive self- discipline is required. Good order and positive discipline is sought through good relationships and self discipline . Generally the school enjoys a friendly, caring and supportive atmosphere and emphasis is given to encouraging and showing appreciation of good behaviour rather than punish bad behaviour.\n \nLIBRARY\nLibrary periods are conducted onsite now through a very efficient reading programme.\nOWN TRANSPORT\n• Students who travel in their own transport must arrive in school by 7.20 am and must  be picked up from school by 1:45 pm latest .\n• Students should never leave the school before the attendant arrives.\n• In case of delay they should report to the school reception and the parent will be called.\n \n•At present Parents will not be allowed inside the campus . They will collect their respective wards from the main gate no.3 after school hours.\nTRANSPORT\nAll students should reach the bus stop at least five minutes before the arrival time. Buses will not wait for latecomers . The bus drivers are authorized to stop the buses at designated stops only, unless otherwise directed by the bus teacher. The list of designated stops has been formulated keeping in view the convenience and safety of the students and you are required to adhere to the same.\n \nChildren of Pre KG to Grade II must be dropped and picked up from the bus stop by the parent/caretaker. If the person is not at the bus stop the child will be brought back to school and the parent will have to make arrangements to pick up the child from school. Parents are not allowed to enter or travel in the bus at any time. If parents have any concern regarding the transport facility they are requested to ask for a complaint form from the driver or fill up the complaint form on the school communication portal for Transport . The concern will be addressed by the school at the earliest.\n \nThe bus teachers and bus monitors are responsible for maintaining discipline in the buses. Any serious offences will be reported to the Headmistress. Children will not be allowed to board other buses .\nACADEMICS:\nA TYPICAL DAY\nThe school follows four days a week fully onsite pattern of teaching. A regular, productive working day at DPS Sharjah Primary wing is divided into 8 periods. The children get two  refreshing breaks to rejuvenate their minds and stretch their limbs. The day includes a home room period when students spend valuable time with their class teachers. This time is an opportunity for them to share experiences or simply bond with their classmates and class teacher. All assemblies, themed week activities, inter-house activities, practices for events are held during the home room period so as to leave the rest of the day for the set class schedules.\n\tINNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGY\n\t\tIn the primary section all teaching is  thematic and activity   based. The syllabus is set by the school. The indigenous curriculum created by our team of talented teachers focuses on hands-on learning through creative, cross curricular lessons, project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities. It is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time.\n \nOur staff continuously update and  upgrade their technology and teaching skills through continuous professional development programmes to seamlessly deliver high quality and relevant lessons.\n\tGRADE III, IV, V\n\t\tHere teaching goes into formal mode. The syllabus is set by the school maintaining the  ethos of activity based learning. The curriculum focuses on hands-on learning through in-class work  , project work, games and logical and lateral thinking activities.\nIt is planned in a qualitative way, thinking about the relative priorities of different aspects of the work, as well as about allocations of time. Every classroom at DPS Sharjah is a THINKING CLASSROOM. Our children are encouraged to ask the WHYs and WHY NOTs and that is how we learn as we teach. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade III giving students a choice between French and Hindi.\nKGI to GRADE II\nThe syllabus has been created in a manner that aims at making the child love coming to school. Syllabus is flexible and therefore gives each child the freedom to learn at his/her own  pace. Each month is a THEME MONTH, wherein the theme is learnt through age  appropriate hands- on learning experiences. Cross curricular teaching takes place through activities, discussions, story telling and enacting , class assemblies  and carefully chosen and organized field trips. French is introduced as an optional second language in Grade I giving students a choice between French and Hindi\nPRE KG\nIn our Pre-KG program, we understand the importance of early childhood development. We are committed to nurturing young minds and helping our little learners develop essential skills that will set the foundation for a lifetime of learning and success. The Pre KG curriculum features the distinct and proprietary DPSS Pedagogical Framework and draws from six leading pedagogies in its approach to education, namely the Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Ecological Systems Theory, Somatics, Anganwadi and Finnish method to create a child-led curriculum adapted to meet the needs of each individual child. We promote learning through a combination of play-based activities and structured adult-guided instruction.\nTHEME WEEKS:\nA week in a month is chosen to experiment and explore a certain theme. This concept enhances individual participation, research skills, group work, creativity in presentation and helps latent talent surface and bloom.  \nLABS\nThe STEM labs add a whole new perspective to learning MATH and SCIENCE. Children learn through hands on activities which help them to connect the topic taught to real life experiences. The school  also has fully equipped COMPUTER LABS for students of grades 1 – 5.\n \nThe labs serve as a refreshing change from class room teaching. Each lab is equipped with state of the art interactive smart boards to make learning and teaching an exciting and unique experience. Students visit the LAB once a week for each subject.', "Adobe Acrobat PDF Files\nAdobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a universal file format that preserves all\nof the fonts, formatting, colours and graphics of any source document, regardless ofthe application and platform used to create it.\nAdobe PDF is an ideal format for electronic document distribution as it overcomes the\nproblems commonly encountered with electronic file sharing.\n• Anyone, anywhere  can open a PDF file. All you need is the free Adobe Acrobat\nReader. Recipients of other file formats sometimes can't open files because they\ndon't have the applications used to create the documents.\n• PDF files always print correctly  on any printing device.\n• PDF files always display exactly  as created, regardless of fonts, software, and\noperating systems. Fonts, and graphics are not lost due to platform, software, and\nversion incompatibilities.\n• The free Acrobat Reader is easy to download and can be freely distributed by\nanyone.\n• Compact PDF files are smaller than their source files and download a\npage at a time for fast display on the Web.", "5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n\n6. Question: List the names and GPAs of all students.\n\nSELECT StudentName, StudentGPA \nFROM Student;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n\nJerry Ryan, 4.0\nHugo Jurgens, 3.2\nAnita Nelson, 3.7\nRobert Arnold, 2.5\nHelen Small, 2.0\nJason Leavitt, 4.0\nHeather Vester, 3.3\nIvan Wright, 2.9\nNorman Roberts, 1.3\nJames Neville, 3.7\n\n7. Question: Which courses are taught in the Riverhead building?\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName \nFROM Section \nJOIN Course ON Section.CourseID = Course.CourseID \nJOIN Buildings ON Section.BuildingID = Buildings.BuildingID \nWHERE Buildings.BuildingName = 'Riverhead';\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science III\nCalculus I\nAccounting I\n\n8. Question: What are the phone numbers of all faculty members?\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nComputer Science I, Computer Science Illustrated\nComputer Science II, Liang Java\nComputer Science III, Liang Java\nData Structures, Data Structures & Algorithms\nComputer Assembly, Machine Learning\nIntro To Networking, Networking CCNA\nCalculus I, Intro to Calculus\nCalculus II, Advanced Topics in Calculus\nCalculus III, Vectors and Matrices in Calculus\nDifferential Equations, Multivariable Calculus\nLinear Algebra, Math for Computer Science\nAccounting I, Fundamentals of Accounting\nAccounting II, Fundamentals of Accounting\nComposition, Short Stories\nLiterature, Poems and Stories\nOrganic Chemistry I, Organic Chemistry Principles\nOrganic Chemistry II, Organic Chemistry Principles\n\n\n5. Question: What is the average salary of faculty members?\n\nSELECT AVG(FacultySalary) \nFROM Faculty;\n\n\nExpected Answer: 75000\n\n1. Question: What is the name of the college with the highest number of students?\n\nSELECT CollegeName \nFROM College \nORDER BY CollegeTotalStudents DESC \nLIMIT 1;\n\nExpected Answer: SCCC\n\n2. Question: List all buildings in the college and their associated college names.\n\nSELECT BuildingName, CollegeName \nFROM Buildings;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nRiverhead, SCCC\nIslip, SCCC\nSouth Hampton, SCCC\nAmmerman, SCCC\nSmithtown, SCCC\n\n\n3. Question: Which classrooms have projectors?\n\nSELECT RoomNumber \nFROM Classrooms \nWHERE HasProjector = 'Y';\n\nExpected Answer:\n201\n203\n304\n\n4. Question: List all courses along with their associated textbook titles.\n\nSELECT Course.CourseName, Textbook.TextbookTitle \nFROM Course \nJOIN Textbook ON Course.TextbookISBN = Textbook.TextbookISBN;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nSELECT Faculty.FacultyName, Person.PersonPhoneNumber \nFROM Faculty \nJOIN Person ON Faculty.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\nTanya Ferguson, 635-448-6158\nGuy O'Neill, 654-651-8521\nDennis Wilks, 687-846-5132\nKenneth Mason, 876-263-4455\nMike Briley, 184-846-4613\nMary George, 184-618-4842\nJune Walkters, 618-476-4631\nAngela Mendez, 594-976-4326\nJohn Leak, 459-487-9635\nCarey Cochran, 111-526-8633\n\n9. Question: List the details of all interns including their hourly wage.\n\nSELECT Interns.InternID, Person.PersonName, Interns.InternHourlyWage \nFROM Interns \nJOIN Person ON Interns.PersonID = Person.PersonID;\n\nExpected Answer:\n\n1, Jamie Kurland, 14.50\n2, Brenda Thornberry, 15\n3, Tom Katz, 11\n\n10. Question: Which faculty member is the head of the Mathematics department?\n\nSELECT FacultyName \nFROM Faculty \nWHERE FacultyTitle = 'Head Of Mathematics';\n\nExpected Answer: Guy O'Neill"]
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+2024-06-23 13:07:33,016 - INFO - Response generated: The content extracted from the Adobe Acrobat PDF Files includes information about fibromyalgia, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatments, and personal stories. It also provides details about Versus Arthritis, the organization behind the content, and their efforts in supporting individuals with arthritis and related conditions.
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+2024-07-22 12:52:08,301 - INFO - HTTP Request: POST https://api.openai.com/v1/embeddings "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+2024-07-22 12:52:08,307 - INFO - Loading faiss with AVX2 support.
+2024-07-22 12:52:08,315 - INFO - Successfully loaded faiss with AVX2 support.