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| <title>Glaucoma: A Comprehensive Overview</title> | |
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| <body> | |
| <div class="reveal"> | |
| <div class="slides"> | |
| <section> | |
| <h1>Glaucoma: Understanding and Protecting Your Vision</h1> | |
| <div class="columns"> | |
| <div class="column"> | |
| <p class="highlight-box">A comprehensive guide to understanding, preventing, and treating glaucoma</p> | |
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| <i class="fas fa-eye"></i> | |
| <p>Leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide</p> | |
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| <i class="fas fa-clock"></i> | |
| <p>Early detection is crucial for prevention</p> | |
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| </section> | |
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| <h2>What is Glaucoma?</h2> | |
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| <p>Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, often due to high intraocular pressure.</p> | |
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| <p>Often called the "silent thief of sight"</p> | |
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| <img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1576091160550-2173dba999ef?auto=format&fit=crop&w=800&q=80" | |
| alt="Eye Close-up" class="slide-image"> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </section> | |
| <section> | |
| <h2>Types of Glaucoma</h2> | |
| <div class="columns"> | |
| <div class="column"> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> <strong>Open-Angle Glaucoma:</strong> Most common form</li> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> <strong>Angle-Closure Glaucoma:</strong> Medical emergency</li> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> <strong>Normal-Tension Glaucoma:</strong> Damage despite normal pressure</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
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| <img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1590486803833-1c5dc8ddd4c8?auto=format&fit=crop&w=800&q=80" | |
| alt="Eye Diagram" class="slide-image"> | |
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| </section> | |
| <section data-background-gradient="linear-gradient(to bottom right, #ffffff, #f0f9ff)"> | |
| <h2>Risk Factors</h2> | |
| <div class="columns"> | |
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| <div class="highlight-box"> | |
| <h3>Primary Risk Factors</h3> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-user"></i> Age over 60</li> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-dna"></i> Family history</li> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-globe"></i> Ethnicity</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="column"> | |
| <div class="highlight-box"> | |
| <h3>Medical Risk Factors</h3> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-heartbeat"></i> High blood pressure</li> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-prescription"></i> Diabetes</li> | |
| <li><i class="fas fa-pills"></i> Long-term steroid use</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </section> | |
| <section> | |
| <h2>Symptoms of Glaucoma</h2> | |
| <p>Often, there are no early symptoms in open-angle glaucoma. Vision loss is slow and gradual. Angle-closure glaucoma can present with sudden symptoms.</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><strong>Gradual peripheral vision loss (Open-angle)</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Tunnel vision in advanced stages</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Severe eye pain (Angle-closure)</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Nausea and vomiting (Angle-closure)</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Blurred vision</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Halos around lights</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Redness of the eye</strong></li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <img src="https://www.aao.org/asset.axd?id=48445490-a773-4181-889d-194a1989993b&t=637848477549500000" alt="Glaucoma Symptoms" style="max-height: 350px;"> | |
| <p style="font-size: 0.7em; color: #777;">Image source: aao.org</p> | |
| </section> | |
| <section> | |
| <h2>Diagnosis</h2> | |
| <p>Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection. Glaucoma can be diagnosed through various tests:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li><strong>Tonometry:</strong> Measures intraocular pressure (IOP).</li> | |
| <li><strong>Ophthalmoscopy:</strong> Examines the optic nerve for damage.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Perimetry (Visual Field Test):</strong> Checks for peripheral vision loss.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Gonioscopy:</strong> Inspects the drainage angle of the eye.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Pachymetry:</strong> Measures corneal thickness.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT):</strong> Imaging of the optic nerve and retina.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <img src="https://www.glaucoma.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/glaucoma-diagnosis-tests.jpg" alt="Glaucoma Diagnosis Tests" style="max-height: 300px;"> | |
| <p style="font-size: 0.7em; color: #777;">Image source: glaucoma.org</p> | |
| </section> | |
| <section> | |
| <h2>Treatment: Eye Drops</h2> | |
| <p>Medicated eye drops are the most common initial treatment. They help to lower eye pressure.</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><strong>Prostaglandins:</strong> Increase fluid outflow.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Beta-blockers:</strong> Reduce fluid production.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Alpha-adrenergic agonists:</strong> Reduce fluid production and increase outflow.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors:</strong> Reduce fluid production.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Rho kinase inhibitors:</strong> Increase fluid outflow.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <img src="https://www.rxsafe.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/iStock-1142459298-1024x683.jpg" alt="Eye Drops for Glaucoma" style="max-height: 350px;"> | |
| <p style="font-size: 0.7em; color: #777;">Image source: rxsafe.com</p> | |
| </section> | |
| <section> | |
| <h2>Treatment: Laser Therapy</h2> | |
| <p>Laser procedures can help increase fluid drainage in the eye.</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><strong>Trabeculoplasty (SLT/ALT):</strong> For open-angle glaucoma, to improve drainage.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Iridotomy:</strong> For angle-closure glaucoma, to create a hole in the iris for fluid flow.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Cyclophotocoagulation:</strong> To reduce fluid production in severe cases.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <img src="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344019914/figure/fig1/AS:933628888879104@1599185878481/Selective-laser-trabeculoplasty-SLT-procedure-A-SLT-laser-delivery-system-B-SLT.png" alt="Laser Therapy for Glaucoma" style="max-height: 300px;"> | |
| <p style="font-size: 0.7em; color: #777;">Image source: researchgate.net</p> | |
| </section> | |
| <section> | |
| <h2>Treatment: Surgery</h2> | |
| <p>Surgical options are considered when eye drops and laser therapy are not sufficient.</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><strong>Trabeculectomy:</strong> Creates a new drainage channel.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Drainage Implants (Tube Shunts):</strong> Insert a tube to drain fluid.</li> | |
| <li><strong>Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS):</strong> Less invasive procedures with faster recovery.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <img src="https://eyecareassociates.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/MIGS-surgery-options-for-glaucoma.png" alt="Glaucoma Surgery" style="max-height: 350px;"> | |
| <p style="font-size: 0.7em; color: #777;">Image source: eyecareassociates.net</p> | |
| </section> | |
| <section> | |
| <h2>Living with Glaucoma</h2> | |
| <p>Glaucoma is a chronic condition requiring ongoing management. Early detection and consistent treatment are key to preserving vision.</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><strong>Regular eye exams are vital.</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Adhere to prescribed treatments.</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Maintain a healthy lifestyle.</strong></li> | |
| <li><strong>Support groups and resources are available.</strong></li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <p><strong>Protect your vision. Get regular eye checks!</strong></p> | |
| <img src="https://www.brightfocus.org/sites/default/files/styles/hero_image_1200x400/public/BrightFocus-Glaucoma-Hero-1200x400.jpg?itok=TsW_bDmz" alt="Living with Glaucoma" style="max-height: 300px;"> | |
| <p style="font-size: 0.7em; color: #777;">Image source: brightfocus.org</p> | |
| </section> | |
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