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license:
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---
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license: llama3
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language:
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- en
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---
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# SubgoalXL - Subgoal-Based Expert Learning for Theorem Proving
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## Model Description
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SubgoalXL is an advanced model for formal theorem proving, leveraging subgoal-based expert learning to enhance LLMs' formal reasoning capabilities. It addresses the challenges of scarce theorem-proving data and multi-step reasoning by optimizing data efficiency and employing subgoal-level supervision. SubgoalXL iteratively refines formal statement, proof, and subgoal generators, allowing it to extract richer information from limited proofs and generate more precise formal proofs.
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### Example Usage
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Below is an example code for using SubgoalXL with its custom prompt template for generating formal proofs:
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```python
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from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
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# Load the model and tokenizer
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("xl-zhao/formal_proof_generator_v1_iter3")
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model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("xl-zhao/formal_proof_generator_v1_iter3")
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informal_statement = "" # Your informal statement here
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formal_statement = "" # The formal statement generated by the model will be inserted here
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# Prompt option 1
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prompt1 = f"Develop formal proofs using Isabelle, leveraging auxiliary tools such as Sledgehammer to enhance the proving process.\n\n### Input\n(*Informal Statement:\n{informal_statement}*)\n{formal_statement}\n\n### Output"
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# Prompt option 2
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prompt2 = f"Utilize Isabelle for the systematic verification of theorem proofs, employing Sledgehammer as a supplementary tool. Approach the problem in a step-by-step manner.\n\n### Problem\n{informal_statement}\n\n### Isabelle Proof\n{formal_statement}"
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# Choose the prompt (both prompts are acceptable)
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prompt = prompt1 # You can switch to prompt2 if needed
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# Tokenize and generate the formal proof
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inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt")
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outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=2048, temperature=0.8)
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# Decode the output
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formal_proof = tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
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print(formal_proof)
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```
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## Intended Use
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This model is intended for automated theorem proving, especially in environments that require high levels of mathematical rigor, such as Isabelle. By employing subgoal-based proof generation and expert learning, SubgoalXL is optimized for solving complex reasoning tasks in formal mathematics.
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## Performance
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SubgoalXL sets a new state-of-the-art benchmark in formal theorem proving within the Isabelle environment, achieving an accuracy of 56.1% on the miniF2F dataset, an absolute improvement of 4.9% over previous approaches. The model has successfully solved the following problems:
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- 41 AMC12 problems
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- 9 AIME problems
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- 3 IMO problems
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For more information on the model's design and performance, please refer to the paper [SubgoalXL: Subgoal-Based Expert Learning for Theorem Proving](https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.11172).
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## Limitations
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While SubgoalXL excels in formal theorem proving, its usage is tailored to this specific domain and may not generalize well to other tasks beyond formal logic and proof generation.
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## Citation
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If you use SubgoalXL in your research, please cite our paper:
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```
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@article{zhao2024subgoalxl,
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title = {SubgoalXL: Subgoal-based Expert Learning for Theorem Proving},
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author = {Zhao, Xueliang and Zheng, Lin and Bo, Haige and Hu, Changran and Thakker, Urmish and Kong, Lingpeng},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.11172},
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.11172},
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year = {2024},
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}
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```
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## Contact
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For more information, please visit the project's [GitHub repository](https://github.com/zhaoxlpku/SubgoalXL) or reach out via email at xlzhao22@connect.hku.hk.
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