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SentenceTransformer based on sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

  • Model Type: Sentence Transformer
  • Base model: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2
  • Maximum Sequence Length: 256 tokens
  • Output Dimensionality: 384 tokens
  • Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 256, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 384, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("Hgkang00/FT-label-consent-20")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'I engage in risky behaviors like reckless driving or reckless sexual encounters.',
    'Symptoms during a manic episode include inflated self-esteem or grandiosity,increased goal-directed activity, or excessive involvement in risky activities.',
    'Marked decrease in functioning in areas like work, interpersonal relations, or self-care since the onset of the disturbance.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 384]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Metric Value
pearson_cosine 0.4628
spearman_cosine 0.4076
pearson_manhattan 0.4816
spearman_manhattan 0.4067
pearson_euclidean 0.4841
spearman_euclidean 0.4076
pearson_dot 0.4628
spearman_dot 0.4076
pearson_max 0.4841
spearman_max 0.4076

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 33,800 training samples
  • Columns: sentence1, sentence2, and score
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
    sentence1 sentence2 score
    type string string float
    details
    • min: 11 tokens
    • mean: 31.63 tokens
    • max: 63 tokens
    • min: 14 tokens
    • mean: 25.22 tokens
    • max: 41 tokens
    • min: -1.0
    • mean: -0.87
    • max: 1.0
  • Samples:
    sentence1 sentence2 score
    Presence of one or more of the following intrusion symptoms associated with the traumatic event: recurrent distressing memories, dreams, flashbacks, psychological distress, or physiological reactions to cues of the traumatic event. I avoid making phone calls, even to close friends or family, because I'm afraid of saying something wrong or sounding awkward. 0.0
    The phobic object or situation almost always provokes immediate fear or anxiety. I find it hard to stick to a consistent eating schedule, sometimes going days without feeling the need to eat at all. -1.0
    The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the specific object or situation and to the sociocultural context. I have difficulty going to places where I feel there are no immediate exits, such as cinemas or auditoriums, as the fear of being stuck or unable to escape escalates my anxiety. -1.0
  • Loss: CoSENTLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "scale": 20.0,
        "similarity_fct": "pairwise_cos_sim"
    }
    

Evaluation Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 4,225 evaluation samples
  • Columns: sentence1, sentence2, and score
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
    sentence1 sentence2 score
    type string string float
    details
    • min: 11 tokens
    • mean: 31.24 tokens
    • max: 63 tokens
    • min: 15 tokens
    • mean: 24.86 tokens
    • max: 41 tokens
    • min: -1.0
    • mean: -0.87
    • max: 1.0
  • Samples:
    sentence1 sentence2 score
    Excessive anxiety and worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities such as work or school performance. Simple activities like going for a walk or doing household chores feel like daunting tasks due to my low energy levels. -1.0
    The individual fears acting in a way or showing anxiety symptoms that will be negatively evaluated, leading to humiliation, embarrassment, rejection, or offense to others. I often find myself mindlessly snacking throughout the day due to changes in my appetite. -1.0
    Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma, evidenced by avoiding distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings, or external reminders of the event. Simple activities like going for a walk or doing household chores feel like daunting tasks due to my low energy levels. -1.0
  • Loss: CoSENTLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "scale": 20.0,
        "similarity_fct": "pairwise_cos_sim"
    }
    

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 128
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 128
  • num_train_epochs: 20
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand
  • overwrite_output_dir: False
  • do_predict: False
  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • prediction_loss_only: True
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 128
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 128
  • per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
  • per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
  • gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
  • eval_accumulation_steps: None
  • learning_rate: 5e-05
  • weight_decay: 0.0
  • adam_beta1: 0.9
  • adam_beta2: 0.999
  • adam_epsilon: 1e-08
  • max_grad_norm: 1.0
  • num_train_epochs: 20
  • max_steps: -1
  • lr_scheduler_type: linear
  • lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1
  • warmup_steps: 0
  • log_level: passive
  • log_level_replica: warning
  • log_on_each_node: True
  • logging_nan_inf_filter: True
  • save_safetensors: True
  • save_on_each_node: False
  • save_only_model: False
  • restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
  • no_cuda: False
  • use_cpu: False
  • use_mps_device: False
  • seed: 42
  • data_seed: None
  • jit_mode_eval: False
  • use_ipex: False
  • bf16: False
  • fp16: False
  • fp16_opt_level: O1
  • half_precision_backend: auto
  • bf16_full_eval: False
  • fp16_full_eval: False
  • tf32: None
  • local_rank: 0
  • ddp_backend: None
  • tpu_num_cores: None
  • tpu_metrics_debug: False
  • debug: []
  • dataloader_drop_last: False
  • dataloader_num_workers: 0
  • dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
  • past_index: -1
  • disable_tqdm: False
  • remove_unused_columns: True
  • label_names: None
  • load_best_model_at_end: False
  • ignore_data_skip: False
  • fsdp: []
  • fsdp_min_num_params: 0
  • fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
  • fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
  • accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
  • deepspeed: None
  • label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
  • optim: adamw_torch
  • optim_args: None
  • adafactor: False
  • group_by_length: False
  • length_column_name: length
  • ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
  • ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
  • ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
  • dataloader_pin_memory: True
  • dataloader_persistent_workers: False
  • skip_memory_metrics: True
  • use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
  • push_to_hub: False
  • resume_from_checkpoint: None
  • hub_model_id: None
  • hub_strategy: every_save
  • hub_private_repo: False
  • hub_always_push: False
  • gradient_checkpointing: False
  • gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
  • include_inputs_for_metrics: False
  • eval_do_concat_batches: True
  • fp16_backend: auto
  • push_to_hub_model_id: None
  • push_to_hub_organization: None
  • mp_parameters:
  • auto_find_batch_size: False
  • full_determinism: False
  • torchdynamo: None
  • ray_scope: last
  • ddp_timeout: 1800
  • torch_compile: False
  • torch_compile_backend: None
  • torch_compile_mode: None
  • dispatch_batches: None
  • split_batches: None
  • include_tokens_per_second: False
  • include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
  • neftune_noise_alpha: None
  • optim_target_modules: None
  • batch_eval_metrics: False
  • batch_sampler: batch_sampler
  • multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch Step Training Loss loss FT_label_spearman_cosine
1.0 265 - 6.9529 0.3450
2.0 530 7.5663 7.1002 0.4103
3.0 795 - 7.4786 0.4155
4.0 1060 5.5492 8.6710 0.4115
5.0 1325 - 10.3786 0.4056
6.0 1590 4.3991 10.4239 0.3987
7.0 1855 - 11.8681 0.4238
8.0 2120 3.5916 13.0752 0.4030
9.0 2385 - 12.8567 0.4240
10.0 2650 3.1139 12.4373 0.4270
11.0 2915 - 13.6725 0.4212
12.0 3180 2.6658 15.0521 0.4134
13.0 3445 - 15.4305 0.4114
14.0 3710 2.2024 15.5511 0.4060
15.0 3975 - 14.9427 0.4165
16.0 4240 1.8955 14.8399 0.4162
17.0 4505 - 15.0070 0.4170
18.0 4770 1.712 15.4417 0.4105
19.0 5035 - 15.6241 0.4086
20.0 5300 1.5088 15.6818 0.4076

Framework Versions

  • Python: 3.10.12
  • Sentence Transformers: 3.0.0
  • Transformers: 4.41.1
  • PyTorch: 2.3.0+cu121
  • Accelerate: 0.30.1
  • Datasets: 2.19.1
  • Tokenizers: 0.19.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

CoSENTLoss

@online{kexuefm-8847,
    title={CoSENT: A more efficient sentence vector scheme than Sentence-BERT},
    author={Su Jianlin},
    year={2022},
    month={Jan},
    url={https://kexue.fm/archives/8847},
}
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Evaluation results