metadata
tags:
- generated_from_trainer
model-index:
- name: zephyr-7b-beta
results: []
license: mit
datasets:
- HuggingFaceH4/ultrachat_200k
- HuggingFaceH4/ultrafeedback_binarized
language:
- en
Model Card for Zephyr 7B Beta
Zephyr is a series of language models that are trained to act as helpful assistants. Zephyr-7B-β is the second model in the series, and is a fine-tuned version of mistralai/Mistral-7B-v0.1 that was trained on on a mix of publicly available, synthetic datasets using Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). We found that removing the in-built alignment of these datasets boosted performance on MT Bench and made the model more helpful. However, this means that model is likely to generate problematic text when prompted to do so and should only be used for educational and research purposes.
Model description
- Model type: A 7B parameter GPT-like model fine-tuned on a mix of publicly available, synthetic datasets.
- Language(s) (NLP): Primarily English
- License: MIT
- Finetuned from model: mistralai/Mistral-7B-v0.1
Model Sources
- Repository: https://github.com/huggingface/alignment-handbook
- Demo: https://huggingface.co/spaces/HuggingFaceH4/zephyr-chat
Performance
| Model | Size | Align | MT-Bench (score) | AlpacaEval (win %) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| StableLM-Tuned-α | 7B | dSFT | 2.75 | - |
| MPT-Chat | 7B | dSFT | 5.42 | - |
| Xwin-LMv0.1 | 7B | dPPO | 6.19 | 87.83 |
| Mistral-Instructv0.1 | 7B | - | 6.84 | - |
| Zephyr-7b-α | 7B | dDPO | 6.88 | - |
| Zephyr-7b-β | 7B | dDPO | 7.34 | 90.60 |
| Falcon-Instruct | 40B | dSFT | 5.17 | 45.71 |
| Guanaco 65B | SFT | 6.41 | 71.80 | |
| Llama2-Chat | 70B | RLHF | 6.86 | 92.66 |
| Vicuna v1.3 | 33B | dSFT | 7.12 | 88.99 |
| WizardLM v1.0 | 70B | dSFT | 7.71 | - |
| Xwin-LM v0.1 | 70B | dPPO | - | 95.57 |
| GPT-3.5-turbo | - | RLHF | 7.94 | 89.37 |
| Claude 2 | - | RLHF | 8.06 | 91.36 |
| GPT-4 | - | RLHF | 8.99 | 95.28 |
Intended uses & limitations
The model was initially fine-tuned on a filtered and preprocessed of the UltraChat dataset, which contains a diverse range of synthetic dialogues generated by ChatGPT.
We then further aligned the model with 🤗 TRL's DPOTrainer on the openbmb/UltraFeedback dataset, which contains 64k prompts and model completions that are ranked by GPT-4. As a result, the model can be used for chat and you can check out our demo to test its capabilities.
You can find the datasets used for training Zephyr-7B-β here
Here's how you can run the model using the pipeline() function from 🤗 Transformers:
# Install transformers from source - only needed for versions <= v4.34
# pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git
# pip install accelerate
import torch
from transformers import pipeline
pipe = pipeline("text-generation", model="HuggingFaceH4/zephyr-7b-beta", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="auto")
# We use the tokenizer's chat template to format each message - see https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/chat_templating
messages = [
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a friendly chatbot who always responds in the style of a pirate",
},
{"role": "user", "content": "How many helicopters can a human eat in one sitting?"},
]
prompt = pipe.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True)
outputs = pipe(prompt, max_new_tokens=256, do_sample=True, temperature=0.7, top_k=50, top_p=0.95)
print(outputs[0]["generated_text"])
# <|system|>
# You are a friendly chatbot who always responds in the style of a pirate.</s>
# <|user|>
# How many helicopters can a human eat in one sitting?</s>
# <|assistant|>
# Ah, me hearty matey! But yer question be a puzzler! A human cannot eat a helicopter in one sitting, as helicopters are not edible. They be made of metal, plastic, and other materials, not food!
Bias, Risks, and Limitations
Zephyr-7B-β has not been aligned to human preferences with techniques like RLHF or deployed with in-the-loop filtering of responses like ChatGPT, so the model can produce problematic outputs (especially when prompted to do so).
It is also unknown what the size and composition of the corpus was used to train the base model (mistralai/Mistral-7B-v0.1), however it is likely to have included a mix of Web data and technical sources like books and code. See the Falcon 180B model card for an example of this.
Training and evaluation data
This model is a fine-tuned version of HuggingFaceH4/mistral-7b-ift TODO on the ultrafeedback dataset. It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
- Loss: 0.7496
- Rewards/chosen: -4.5221
- Rewards/rejected: -8.3184
- Rewards/accuracies: 0.7812
- Rewards/margins: 3.7963
- Logps/rejected: -340.1541
- Logps/chosen: -299.4561
- Logits/rejected: -2.3081
- Logits/chosen: -2.3531
Training hyperparameters
The following hyperparameters were used during training:
- learning_rate: 5e-07
- train_batch_size: 2
- eval_batch_size: 4
- seed: 42
- distributed_type: multi-GPU
- num_devices: 16
- total_train_batch_size: 32
- total_eval_batch_size: 64
- optimizer: Adam with betas=(0.9,0.999) and epsilon=1e-08
- lr_scheduler_type: linear
- lr_scheduler_warmup_ratio: 0.1
- num_epochs: 3.0
Training results
| Training Loss | Epoch | Step | Validation Loss | Rewards/chosen | Rewards/rejected | Rewards/accuracies | Rewards/margins | Logps/rejected | Logps/chosen | Logits/rejected | Logits/chosen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.6284 | 0.05 | 100 | 0.6098 | 0.0425 | -0.1872 | 0.7344 | 0.2297 | -258.8416 | -253.8099 | -2.7976 | -2.8234 |
| 0.4908 | 0.1 | 200 | 0.5426 | -0.0279 | -0.6842 | 0.75 | 0.6563 | -263.8124 | -254.5145 | -2.7719 | -2.7960 |
| 0.5264 | 0.15 | 300 | 0.5324 | 0.0414 | -0.9793 | 0.7656 | 1.0207 | -266.7627 | -253.8209 | -2.7892 | -2.8122 |
| 0.5536 | 0.21 | 400 | 0.4957 | -0.0185 | -1.5276 | 0.7969 | 1.5091 | -272.2460 | -254.4203 | -2.8542 | -2.8764 |
| 0.5362 | 0.26 | 500 | 0.5031 | -0.2630 | -1.5917 | 0.7812 | 1.3287 | -272.8869 | -256.8653 | -2.8702 | -2.8958 |
| 0.5966 | 0.31 | 600 | 0.5963 | -0.2993 | -1.6491 | 0.7812 | 1.3499 | -273.4614 | -257.2279 | -2.8778 | -2.8986 |
| 0.5014 | 0.36 | 700 | 0.5382 | -0.2859 | -1.4750 | 0.75 | 1.1891 | -271.7204 | -257.0942 | -2.7659 | -2.7869 |
| 0.5334 | 0.41 | 800 | 0.5677 | -0.4289 | -1.8968 | 0.7969 | 1.4679 | -275.9378 | -258.5242 | -2.7053 | -2.7265 |
| 0.5251 | 0.46 | 900 | 0.5772 | -0.2116 | -1.3107 | 0.7344 | 1.0991 | -270.0768 | -256.3507 | -2.8463 | -2.8662 |
| 0.5205 | 0.52 | 1000 | 0.5262 | -0.3792 | -1.8585 | 0.7188 | 1.4793 | -275.5552 | -258.0276 | -2.7893 | -2.7979 |
| 0.5094 | 0.57 | 1100 | 0.5433 | -0.6279 | -1.9368 | 0.7969 | 1.3089 | -276.3377 | -260.5136 | -2.7453 | -2.7536 |
| 0.5837 | 0.62 | 1200 | 0.5349 | -0.3780 | -1.9584 | 0.7656 | 1.5804 | -276.5542 | -258.0154 | -2.7643 | -2.7756 |
| 0.5214 | 0.67 | 1300 | 0.5732 | -1.0055 | -2.2306 | 0.7656 | 1.2251 | -279.2761 | -264.2903 | -2.6986 | -2.7113 |
| 0.6914 | 0.72 | 1400 | 0.5137 | -0.6912 | -2.1775 | 0.7969 | 1.4863 | -278.7448 | -261.1467 | -2.7166 | -2.7275 |
| 0.4655 | 0.77 | 1500 | 0.5090 | -0.7987 | -2.2930 | 0.7031 | 1.4943 | -279.8999 | -262.2220 | -2.6651 | -2.6838 |
| 0.5731 | 0.83 | 1600 | 0.5312 | -0.8253 | -2.3520 | 0.7812 | 1.5268 | -280.4902 | -262.4876 | -2.6543 | -2.6728 |
| 0.5233 | 0.88 | 1700 | 0.5206 | -0.4573 | -2.0951 | 0.7812 | 1.6377 | -277.9205 | -258.8084 | -2.6870 | -2.7097 |
| 0.5593 | 0.93 | 1800 | 0.5231 | -0.5508 | -2.2000 | 0.7969 | 1.6492 | -278.9703 | -259.7433 | -2.6221 | -2.6519 |
| 0.4967 | 0.98 | 1900 | 0.5290 | -0.5340 | -1.9570 | 0.8281 | 1.4230 | -276.5395 | -259.5749 | -2.6564 | -2.6878 |
| 0.0921 | 1.03 | 2000 | 0.5368 | -1.1376 | -3.1615 | 0.7812 | 2.0239 | -288.5854 | -265.6111 | -2.6040 | -2.6345 |
| 0.0733 | 1.08 | 2100 | 0.5453 | -1.1045 | -3.4451 | 0.7656 | 2.3406 | -291.4208 | -265.2799 | -2.6289 | -2.6595 |
| 0.0972 | 1.14 | 2200 | 0.5571 | -1.6915 | -3.9823 | 0.8125 | 2.2908 | -296.7934 | -271.1505 | -2.6471 | -2.6709 |
| 0.1058 | 1.19 | 2300 | 0.5789 | -1.0621 | -3.8941 | 0.7969 | 2.8319 | -295.9106 | -264.8563 | -2.5527 | -2.5798 |
| 0.2423 | 1.24 | 2400 | 0.5455 | -1.1963 | -3.5590 | 0.7812 | 2.3627 | -292.5599 | -266.1981 | -2.5414 | -2.5784 |
| 0.1177 | 1.29 | 2500 | 0.5889 | -1.8141 | -4.3942 | 0.7969 | 2.5801 | -300.9120 | -272.3761 | -2.4802 | -2.5189 |
| 0.1213 | 1.34 | 2600 | 0.5683 | -1.4608 | -3.8420 | 0.8125 | 2.3812 | -295.3901 | -268.8436 | -2.4774 | -2.5207 |
| 0.0889 | 1.39 | 2700 | 0.5890 | -1.6007 | -3.7337 | 0.7812 | 2.1330 | -294.3068 | -270.2423 | -2.4123 | -2.4522 |
| 0.0995 | 1.45 | 2800 | 0.6073 | -1.5519 | -3.8362 | 0.8281 | 2.2843 | -295.3315 | -269.7538 | -2.4685 | -2.5050 |
| 0.1145 | 1.5 | 2900 | 0.5790 | -1.7939 | -4.2876 | 0.8438 | 2.4937 | -299.8461 | -272.1744 | -2.4272 | -2.4674 |
| 0.0644 | 1.55 | 3000 | 0.5735 | -1.7285 | -4.2051 | 0.8125 | 2.4766 | -299.0209 | -271.5201 | -2.4193 | -2.4574 |
| 0.0798 | 1.6 | 3100 | 0.5537 | -1.7226 | -4.2850 | 0.8438 | 2.5624 | -299.8200 | -271.4610 | -2.5367 | -2.5696 |
| 0.1013 | 1.65 | 3200 | 0.5575 | -1.5715 | -3.9813 | 0.875 | 2.4098 | -296.7825 | -269.9498 | -2.4926 | -2.5267 |
| 0.1254 | 1.7 | 3300 | 0.5905 | -1.6412 | -4.4703 | 0.8594 | 2.8291 | -301.6730 | -270.6473 | -2.5017 | -2.5340 |
| 0.085 | 1.76 | 3400 | 0.6133 | -1.9159 | -4.6760 | 0.8438 | 2.7601 | -303.7296 | -273.3941 | -2.4614 | -2.4960 |
| 0.065 | 1.81 | 3500 | 0.6074 | -1.8237 | -4.3525 | 0.8594 | 2.5288 | -300.4951 | -272.4724 | -2.4597 | -2.5004 |
| 0.0755 | 1.86 | 3600 | 0.5836 | -1.9252 | -4.4005 | 0.8125 | 2.4753 | -300.9748 | -273.4872 | -2.4327 | -2.4716 |
| 0.0746 | 1.91 | 3700 | 0.5789 | -1.9280 | -4.4906 | 0.8125 | 2.5626 | -301.8762 | -273.5149 | -2.4686 | -2.5115 |
| 0.1348 | 1.96 | 3800 | 0.6015 | -1.8658 | -4.2428 | 0.8281 | 2.3769 | -299.3976 | -272.8936 | -2.4943 | -2.5393 |
| 0.0217 | 2.01 | 3900 | 0.6122 | -2.3335 | -4.9229 | 0.8281 | 2.5894 | -306.1988 | -277.5699 | -2.4841 | -2.5272 |
| 0.0219 | 2.07 | 4000 | 0.6522 | -2.9890 | -6.0164 | 0.8281 | 3.0274 | -317.1334 | -284.1248 | -2.4105 | -2.4545 |
| 0.0119 | 2.12 | 4100 | 0.6922 | -3.4777 | -6.6749 | 0.7969 | 3.1972 | -323.7187 | -289.0121 | -2.4272 | -2.4699 |
| 0.0153 | 2.17 | 4200 | 0.6993 | -3.2406 | -6.6775 | 0.7969 | 3.4369 | -323.7453 | -286.6413 | -2.4047 | -2.4465 |
| 0.011 | 2.22 | 4300 | 0.7178 | -3.7991 | -7.4397 | 0.7656 | 3.6406 | -331.3667 | -292.2260 | -2.3843 | -2.4290 |
| 0.0072 | 2.27 | 4400 | 0.6840 | -3.3269 | -6.8021 | 0.8125 | 3.4752 | -324.9908 | -287.5042 | -2.4095 | -2.4536 |
| 0.0197 | 2.32 | 4500 | 0.7013 | -3.6890 | -7.3014 | 0.8125 | 3.6124 | -329.9841 | -291.1250 | -2.4118 | -2.4543 |
| 0.0182 | 2.37 | 4600 | 0.7476 | -3.8994 | -7.5366 | 0.8281 | 3.6372 | -332.3356 | -293.2291 | -2.4163 | -2.4565 |
| 0.0125 | 2.43 | 4700 | 0.7199 | -4.0560 | -7.5765 | 0.8438 | 3.5204 | -332.7345 | -294.7952 | -2.3699 | -2.4100 |
| 0.0082 | 2.48 | 4800 | 0.7048 | -3.6613 | -7.1356 | 0.875 | 3.4743 | -328.3255 | -290.8477 | -2.3925 | -2.4303 |
| 0.0118 | 2.53 | 4900 | 0.6976 | -3.7908 | -7.3152 | 0.8125 | 3.5244 | -330.1224 | -292.1431 | -2.3633 | -2.4047 |
| 0.0118 | 2.58 | 5000 | 0.7198 | -3.9049 | -7.5557 | 0.8281 | 3.6508 | -332.5271 | -293.2844 | -2.3764 | -2.4194 |
| 0.006 | 2.63 | 5100 | 0.7506 | -4.2118 | -7.9149 | 0.8125 | 3.7032 | -336.1194 | -296.3530 | -2.3407 | -2.3860 |
| 0.0143 | 2.68 | 5200 | 0.7408 | -4.2433 | -7.9802 | 0.8125 | 3.7369 | -336.7721 | -296.6682 | -2.3509 | -2.3946 |
| 0.0057 | 2.74 | 5300 | 0.7552 | -4.3392 | -8.0831 | 0.7969 | 3.7439 | -337.8013 | -297.6275 | -2.3388 | -2.3842 |
| 0.0138 | 2.79 | 5400 | 0.7404 | -4.2395 | -7.9762 | 0.8125 | 3.7367 | -336.7322 | -296.6304 | -2.3286 | -2.3737 |
| 0.0079 | 2.84 | 5500 | 0.7525 | -4.4466 | -8.2196 | 0.7812 | 3.7731 | -339.1662 | -298.7007 | -2.3200 | -2.3641 |
| 0.0077 | 2.89 | 5600 | 0.7520 | -4.5586 | -8.3485 | 0.7969 | 3.7899 | -340.4545 | -299.8206 | -2.3078 | -2.3517 |
| 0.0094 | 2.94 | 5700 | 0.7527 | -4.5542 | -8.3509 | 0.7812 | 3.7967 | -340.4790 | -299.7773 | -2.3062 | -2.3510 |
| 0.0054 | 2.99 | 5800 | 0.7520 | -4.5169 | -8.3079 | 0.7812 | 3.7911 | -340.0493 | -299.4038 | -2.3081 | -2.3530 |
Framework versions
- Transformers 4.35.0.dev0
- Pytorch 2.0.1+cu118
- Datasets 2.12.0
- Tokenizers 0.14.0