metadata

language:
  - ar
library_name: sentence-transformers
tags:
  - mteb
  - sentence-transformers
  - sentence-similarity
  - feature-extraction
  - generated_from_trainer
  - dataset_size:557850
  - loss:MatryoshkaLoss
  - loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
base_model: sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2
metrics:
  - pearson_cosine
  - spearman_cosine
  - pearson_manhattan
  - spearman_manhattan
  - pearson_euclidean
  - spearman_euclidean
  - pearson_dot
  - spearman_dot
  - pearson_max
  - spearman_max
widget:
  - source_sentence: ذكر متوازن بعناية يقف على قدم واحدة بالقرب من منطقة شاطئ المحيط النظيفة
    sentences:
      - رجل يقدم عرضاً
      - هناك رجل بالخارج قرب الشاطئ
      - رجل يجلس على أريكه
  - source_sentence: رجل يقفز إلى سريره القذر
    sentences:
      - السرير قذر.
      - رجل يضحك أثناء غسيل الملابس
      - الرجل على القمر
  - source_sentence: الفتيات بالخارج
    sentences:
      - امرأة تلف الخيط إلى كرات بجانب كومة من الكرات
      - فتيان يركبان في جولة متعة
      - >-
        ثلاث فتيات يقفون سوية في غرفة واحدة تستمع وواحدة تكتب على الحائط
        والثالثة تتحدث إليهن
  - source_sentence: الرجل يرتدي قميصاً أزرق.
    sentences:
      - >-
        رجل يرتدي قميصاً أزرق يميل إلى الجدار بجانب الطريق مع شاحنة زرقاء وسيارة
        حمراء مع الماء في الخلفية.
      - كتاب القصص مفتوح
      - رجل يرتدي قميص أسود يعزف على الجيتار.
  - source_sentence: يجلس شاب ذو شعر أشقر على الحائط يقرأ جريدة بينما تمر امرأة وفتاة شابة.
    sentences:
      - ذكر شاب ينظر إلى جريدة بينما تمر إمرأتان بجانبه
      - رجل يستلقي على وجهه على مقعد في الحديقة.
      - الشاب نائم بينما الأم تقود ابنتها إلى الحديقة
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
model-index:
  - name: Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/Arabic-MiniLM-L12-v2-all-nli-triplet
    results:
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB BIOSSES (default)
          revision: d3fb88f8f02e40887cd149695127462bbcf29b4a
          split: test
          type: mteb/biosses-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 72.5081840952171
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 69.41362982941537
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 67.45121490183709
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 67.15273493989758
          - type: main_score
            value: 69.41362982941537
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 67.6119022794479
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 67.51659865246586
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB SICK-R (default)
          revision: 20a6d6f312dd54037fe07a32d58e5e168867909d
          split: test
          type: mteb/sickr-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 83.61591268324493
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 79.61914245705792
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 81.32044881859483
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 79.04866675279919
          - type: main_score
            value: 79.61914245705792
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 81.09220518201322
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 78.87590523907905
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB STS12 (default)
          revision: a0d554a64d88156834ff5ae9920b964011b16384
          split: test
          type: mteb/sts12-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 84.59807803376341
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 77.38689922564416
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 83.92034850646732
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 76.75857193093438
          - type: main_score
            value: 77.38689922564416
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 83.97191863964667
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 76.89790070725708
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB STS13 (default)
          revision: 7e90230a92c190f1bf69ae9002b8cea547a64cca
          split: test
          type: mteb/sts13-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 78.18664268536664
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 79.58989311630421
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 79.25259731614729
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 80.1701122827397
          - type: main_score
            value: 79.58989311630421
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 79.12601451996869
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 79.98999436073663
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB STS14 (default)
          revision: 6031580fec1f6af667f0bd2da0a551cf4f0b2375
          split: test
          type: mteb/sts14-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 80.97541876658141
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 79.78614320477877
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 81.01514505747167
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 80.73664735567839
          - type: main_score
            value: 79.78614320477877
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 80.8746560526314
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 80.67025673179079
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB STS15 (default)
          revision: ae752c7c21bf194d8b67fd573edf7ae58183cbe3
          split: test
          type: mteb/sts15-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 85.23661155813113
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 86.21134464371615
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 85.82518684522182
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 86.43600784349509
          - type: main_score
            value: 86.21134464371615
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 85.83101152371589
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 86.42228695679498
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB STS16 (default)
          revision: 4d8694f8f0e0100860b497b999b3dbed754a0513
          split: test
          type: mteb/sts16-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 79.20106689077852
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 81.39570893867825
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 80.39578888768929
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 81.19950443340412
          - type: main_score
            value: 81.39570893867825
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 80.2226679341839
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 80.99142422593823
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: ar-ar
          name: MTEB STS17 (ar-ar)
          revision: faeb762787bd10488a50c8b5be4a3b82e411949c
          split: test
          type: mteb/sts17-crosslingual-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 81.05294851623468
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 81.10570655134113
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 79.22292773537778
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 78.84204232638425
          - type: main_score
            value: 81.10570655134113
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 79.43750460320484
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 79.33713593557482
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: ar
          name: MTEB STS22 (ar)
          revision: de9d86b3b84231dc21f76c7b7af1f28e2f57f6e3
          split: test
          type: mteb/sts22-crosslingual-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 45.96875498680092
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 52.405509117149904
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 42.097450896728226
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 50.89022884113707
          - type: main_score
            value: 52.405509117149904
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 42.22827727075534
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 50.912841055442634
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB STSBenchmark (default)
          revision: b0fddb56ed78048fa8b90373c8a3cfc37b684831
          split: test
          type: mteb/stsbenchmark-sts
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 83.13261516884116
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 84.3492527221498
          - type: euclidean_pearson
            value: 82.691603178401
          - type: euclidean_spearman
            value: 83.0499566200785
          - type: main_score
            value: 84.3492527221498
          - type: manhattan_pearson
            value: 82.68307441014618
          - type: manhattan_spearman
            value: 83.01315787964519
        task:
          type: STS
      - dataset:
          config: default
          name: MTEB SummEval (default)
          revision: cda12ad7615edc362dbf25a00fdd61d3b1eaf93c
          split: test
          type: mteb/summeval
        metrics:
          - type: cosine_pearson
            value: 31.149232235402845
          - type: cosine_spearman
            value: 30.685504130606255
          - type: dot_pearson
            value: 27.466307571160375
          - type: dot_spearman
            value: 28.93064261485915
          - type: main_score
            value: 30.685504130606255
          - type: pearson
            value: 31.149232235402845
          - type: spearman
            value: 30.685504130606255
        task:
          type: Summarization
  - name: >-
      SentenceTransformer based on
      sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2
    results:
      - task:
          type: semantic-similarity
          name: Semantic Similarity
        dataset:
          name: sts test 256
          type: sts-test-256
        metrics:
          - type: pearson_cosine
            value: 0.8264447022356382
            name: Pearson Cosine
          - type: spearman_cosine
            value: 0.8386403752382455
            name: Spearman Cosine
          - type: pearson_manhattan
            value: 0.8219134931449013
            name: Pearson Manhattan
          - type: spearman_manhattan
            value: 0.825509659109493
            name: Spearman Manhattan
          - type: pearson_euclidean
            value: 0.8223094468630248
            name: Pearson Euclidean
          - type: spearman_euclidean
            value: 0.8260503151751462
            name: Spearman Euclidean
          - type: pearson_dot
            value: 0.6375226884845725
            name: Pearson Dot
          - type: spearman_dot
            value: 0.6287228614640888
            name: Spearman Dot
          - type: pearson_max
            value: 0.8264447022356382
            name: Pearson Max
          - type: spearman_max
            value: 0.8386403752382455
            name: Spearman Max
      - task:
          type: semantic-similarity
          name: Semantic Similarity
        dataset:
          name: sts test 128
          type: sts-test-128
        metrics:
          - type: pearson_cosine
            value: 0.8209661910768973
            name: Pearson Cosine
          - type: spearman_cosine
            value: 0.8347149482673766
            name: Spearman Cosine
          - type: pearson_manhattan
            value: 0.8082811559854036
            name: Pearson Manhattan
          - type: spearman_manhattan
            value: 0.8148314269262763
            name: Spearman Manhattan
          - type: pearson_euclidean
            value: 0.8093138512113149
            name: Pearson Euclidean
          - type: spearman_euclidean
            value: 0.8156468458613929
            name: Spearman Euclidean
          - type: pearson_dot
            value: 0.5795109620454884
            name: Pearson Dot
          - type: spearman_dot
            value: 0.5760223026552876
            name: Spearman Dot
          - type: pearson_max
            value: 0.8209661910768973
            name: Pearson Max
          - type: spearman_max
            value: 0.8347149482673766
            name: Spearman Max
      - task:
          type: semantic-similarity
          name: Semantic Similarity
        dataset:
          name: sts test 64
          type: sts-test-64
        metrics:
          - type: pearson_cosine
            value: 0.808708530451336
            name: Pearson Cosine
          - type: spearman_cosine
            value: 0.8217532539767914
            name: Spearman Cosine
          - type: pearson_manhattan
            value: 0.7876121380998453
            name: Pearson Manhattan
          - type: spearman_manhattan
            value: 0.7969092304137347
            name: Spearman Manhattan
          - type: pearson_euclidean
            value: 0.7902997966909958
            name: Pearson Euclidean
          - type: spearman_euclidean
            value: 0.7987635968785215
            name: Spearman Euclidean
          - type: pearson_dot
            value: 0.495047136234386
            name: Pearson Dot
          - type: spearman_dot
            value: 0.49287000679901516
            name: Spearman Dot
          - type: pearson_max
            value: 0.808708530451336
            name: Pearson Max
          - type: spearman_max
            value: 0.8217532539767914
            name: Spearman Max

SentenceTransformer based on sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2 on the Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/arabic-n_li-triplet dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2
Maximum Sequence Length: 128 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 384 tokens
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
Training Dataset:
- Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/arabic-n_li-triplet

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 128, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 384, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/MiniLM-L12-v2-all-nli-triplet")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'يجلس شاب ذو شعر أشقر على الحائط يقرأ جريدة بينما تمر امرأة وفتاة شابة.',
    'ذكر شاب ينظر إلى جريدة بينما تمر إمرأتان بجانبه',
    'الشاب نائم بينما الأم تقود ابنتها إلى الحديقة',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 384]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Dataset: sts-test-256
Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	0.8264
spearman_cosine	0.8386
pearson_manhattan	0.8219
spearman_manhattan	0.8255
pearson_euclidean	0.8223
spearman_euclidean	0.8261
pearson_dot	0.6375
spearman_dot	0.6287
pearson_max	0.8264
spearman_max	0.8386

Semantic Similarity

Dataset: sts-test-128
Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	0.821
spearman_cosine	0.8347
pearson_manhattan	0.8083
spearman_manhattan	0.8148
pearson_euclidean	0.8093
spearman_euclidean	0.8156
pearson_dot	0.5795
spearman_dot	0.576
pearson_max	0.821
spearman_max	0.8347

Semantic Similarity

Dataset: sts-test-64
Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	0.8087
spearman_cosine	0.8218
pearson_manhattan	0.7876
spearman_manhattan	0.7969
pearson_euclidean	0.7903
spearman_euclidean	0.7988
pearson_dot	0.495
spearman_dot	0.4929
pearson_max	0.8087
spearman_max	0.8218

Training Details

Training Dataset

Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/arabic-n_li-triplet

Dataset: Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/arabic-n_li-triplet
Size: 557,850 training samples
Columns: anchor, positive, and negative

Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

	anchor	positive	negative
type	string	string	string
details	min: 5 tokens mean: 10.33 tokens max: 52 tokens	min: 5 tokens mean: 13.21 tokens max: 49 tokens	min: 5 tokens mean: 15.32 tokens max: 53 tokens

Samples:

anchor	positive	negative
`شخص على حصان يقفز فوق طائرة معطلة`	`شخص في الهواء الطلق، على حصان.`	`شخص في مطعم، يطلب عجة.`
`أطفال يبتسمون و يلوحون للكاميرا`	`هناك أطفال حاضرون`	`الاطفال يتجهمون`
`صبي يقفز على لوح التزلج في منتصف الجسر الأحمر.`	`الفتى يقوم بخدعة التزلج`	`الصبي يتزلج على الرصيف`

Loss: MatryoshkaLoss with these parameters:

{
    "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
    "matryoshka_dims": [
        256,
        128,
        64
    ],
    "matryoshka_weights": [
        1,
        1,
        1
    ],
    "n_dims_per_step": -1
}

Evaluation Dataset

Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/arabic-n_li-triplet

Dataset: Omartificial-Intelligence-Space/arabic-n_li-triplet
Size: 6,584 evaluation samples
Columns: anchor, positive, and negative

Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

	anchor	positive	negative
type	string	string	string
details	min: 5 tokens mean: 21.86 tokens max: 105 tokens	min: 4 tokens mean: 10.22 tokens max: 49 tokens	min: 4 tokens mean: 11.2 tokens max: 33 tokens

Samples:

anchor	positive	negative
`امرأتان يتعانقان بينما يحملان حزمة`	`إمرأتان يحملان حزمة`	`الرجال يتشاجرون خارج مطعم`
`طفلين صغيرين يرتديان قميصاً أزرق، أحدهما يرتدي الرقم 9 والآخر يرتدي الرقم 2 يقفان على خطوات خشبية في الحمام ويغسلان أيديهما في المغسلة.`	`طفلين يرتديان قميصاً مرقماً يغسلون أيديهم`	`طفلين يرتديان سترة يذهبان إلى المدرسة`
`رجل يبيع الدونات لعميل خلال معرض عالمي أقيم في مدينة أنجليس`	`رجل يبيع الدونات لعميل`	`امرأة تشرب قهوتها في مقهى صغير`

Loss: MatryoshkaLoss with these parameters:

{
    "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
    "matryoshka_dims": [
        256,
        128,
        64
    ],
    "matryoshka_weights": [
        1,
        1,
        1
    ],
    "n_dims_per_step": -1
}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

per_device_train_batch_size: 64
per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
num_train_epochs: 1
warmup_ratio: 0.1
fp16: True
batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 64
per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
learning_rate: 5e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 1
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: False
fp16: True
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: False
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: False
hub_always_push: False
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
dispatch_batches: None
split_batches: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	sts-test-128_spearman_cosine	sts-test-256_spearman_cosine	sts-test-64_spearman_cosine
0.0229	200	6.2204	-	-	-
0.0459	400	4.9559	-	-	-
0.0688	600	4.7835	-	-	-
0.0918	800	4.2725	-	-	-
0.1147	1000	4.291	-	-	-
0.1377	1200	4.0704	-	-	-
0.1606	1400	3.7962	-	-	-
0.1835	1600	3.7447	-	-	-
0.2065	1800	3.569	-	-	-
0.2294	2000	3.5373	-	-	-
0.2524	2200	3.608	-	-	-
0.2753	2400	3.5609	-	-	-
0.2983	2600	3.5231	-	-	-
0.3212	2800	3.3312	-	-	-
0.3442	3000	3.4803	-	-	-
0.3671	3200	3.3552	-	-	-
0.3900	3400	3.3024	-	-	-
0.4130	3600	3.2559	-	-	-
0.4359	3800	3.1882	-	-	-
0.4589	4000	3.227	-	-	-
0.4818	4200	3.0889	-	-	-
0.5048	4400	3.0861	-	-	-
0.5277	4600	3.0178	-	-	-
0.5506	4800	3.231	-	-	-
0.5736	5000	3.1593	-	-	-
0.5965	5200	3.1101	-	-	-
0.6195	5400	3.1307	-	-	-
0.6424	5600	3.1265	-	-	-
0.6654	5800	3.1116	-	-	-
0.6883	6000	3.1417	-	-	-
0.7113	6200	3.0862	-	-	-
0.7342	6400	2.9652	-	-	-
0.7571	6600	2.8466	-	-	-
0.7801	6800	2.271	-	-	-
0.8030	7000	2.046	-	-	-
0.8260	7200	1.9634	-	-	-
0.8489	7400	1.8875	-	-	-
0.8719	7600	1.7655	-	-	-
0.8948	7800	1.6874	-	-	-
0.9177	8000	1.7315	-	-	-
0.9407	8200	1.6674	-	-	-
0.9636	8400	1.6574	-	-	-
0.9866	8600	1.6142	-	-	-
1.0	8717	-	0.8347	0.8386	0.8218

Framework Versions

Python: 3.9.18
Sentence Transformers: 3.0.1
Transformers: 4.40.0
PyTorch: 2.2.2+cu121
Accelerate: 0.26.1
Datasets: 2.19.0
Tokenizers: 0.19.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MatryoshkaLoss

@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
    title={Matryoshka Representation Learning}, 
    author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
    year={2024},
    eprint={2205.13147},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.LG}
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply}, 
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}