metadata

pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
language: fr
license: apache-2.0
datasets:
  - unicamp-dl/mmarco
metrics:
  - recall
tags:
  - sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers

crossencoder-electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator-mmarcoFR

This is a sentence-transformers model trained on the French portion of the mMARCO dataset.

It performs cross-attention between a question-passage pair and outputs a relevance score between 0 and 1. The model can be used for tasks like clustering or semantic search: given a query, encode the latter with some candidate passages -- e.g., retrieved with BM25 or a biencoder -- then sort the passages in a decreasing order of relevance according to the model's predictions.

Usage

Sentence-Transformers

Using this model becomes easy when you have sentence-transformers installed:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can use the model like this:

from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder
pairs = [('Query', 'Paragraph1'), ('Query', 'Paragraph2') , ('Query', 'Paragraph3')]

model = CrossEncoder('crossencoder-electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator-mmarcoFR')
scores = model.predict(pairs)
print(scores)

🤗 Transformers

Without sentence-transformers, you can use the model as follows:

from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSequenceClassification
import torch

model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained('crossencoder-electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator-mmarcoFR')
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('crossencoder-electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator-mmarcoFR')

pairs = [('Query', 'Paragraph1'), ('Query', 'Paragraph2') , ('Query', 'Paragraph3')]
features = tokenizer(pairs, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors='pt')

model.eval()
with torch.no_grad():
    scores = model(**features).logits
print(scores)

Evaluation

We evaluated our model on 500 random queries from the mMARCO-fr train set (which were excluded from training). Each of these queries has at least one relevant and up to 200 irrelevant passages.

r-precision	mrr@10	recall@10	recall@20	recall@50	recall@100
28.32	45.28	79.22	87.15	93.15	95.75

Below, we compared its results with other cross-encoder models fine-tuned on the same dataset:

	model	r-precision	mrr@10	recall@10 (↑)	recall@20	recall@50	recall@100
1	crossencoder-camembert-base-mmarcoFR	35.65	50.44	82.95	91.5	96.8	98.8
2	crossencoder-mMiniLMv2-L12-H384-distilled-from-XLMR-Large-mmarcoFR	34.37	51.01	82.23	90.6	96.45	98.4
3	crossencoder-mmarcoFR-mMiniLMv2-L12-H384-v1-mmarcoFR	34.22	49.2	81.7	90.9	97.1	98.9
4	crossencoder-mpnet-base-mmarcoFR	29.68	46.13	80.45	87.9	93.15	96.6
5	crossencoder-distilcamembert-base-mmarcoFR	27.28	43.71	80.3	89.1	95.55	98.6
6	crossencoder-roberta-base-mmarcoFR	33.33	48.87	79.33	86.75	94.15	97.6
7	crossencoder-electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator-mmarcoFR	28.32	45.28	79.22	87.15	93.15	95.75
8	crossencoder-mMiniLMv2-L6-H384-distilled-from-XLMR-Large-mmarcoFR	33.92	49.33	79	88.35	94.8	98.2
9	crossencoder-msmarco-electra-base-mmarcoFR	25.52	42.46	78.73	88.85	96.55	98.85
10	crossencoder-bert-base-uncased-mmarcoFR	30.48	45.79	78.35	89.45	94.15	97.45
11	crossencoder-msmarco-MiniLM-L-12-v2-mmarcoFR	29.07	44.41	77.83	88.1	95.55	99
12	crossencoder-msmarco-MiniLM-L-6-v2-mmarcoFR	32.92	47.56	77.27	88.15	94.85	98.15
13	crossencoder-msmarco-MiniLM-L-4-v2-mmarcoFR	30.98	46.22	76.35	85.8	94.35	97.55
14	crossencoder-MiniLM-L6-H384-uncased-mmarcoFR	29.23	45.12	76.08	83.7	92.65	97.45
15	crossencoder-electra-base-discriminator-mmarcoFR	28.48	43.58	75.63	86.15	93.25	96.6
16	crossencoder-electra-small-discriminator-mmarcoFR	31.83	45.97	75.13	84.95	94.55	98.15
17	crossencoder-distilroberta-base-mmarcoFR	28.22	42.85	74.13	84.08	94.2	98.5
18	crossencoder-msmarco-TinyBERT-L-6-mmarcoFR	28.23	42.7	73.63	85.65	92.65	98.35
19	crossencoder-msmarco-TinyBERT-L-4-mmarcoFR	28.6	43.19	72.17	81.95	92.8	97.4
20	crossencoder-msmarco-MiniLM-L-2-v2-mmarcoFR	30.82	44.3	72.03	82.65	93.35	98.1
21	crossencoder-distilbert-base-uncased-mmarcoFR	25.47	40.11	71.37	85.6	93.85	97.95
22	crossencoder-msmarco-TinyBERT-L-2-v2-mmarcoFR	31.08	43.88	71.3	81.43	92.6	98.1

Training

Background

We used the dbmdz/electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator model and fine-tuned it with a binary cross-entropy loss function on 1M question-passage pairs in French with a positive-to-negative ratio of 4 (i.e., 25% of the pairs are relevant and 75% are irrelevant).

Hyperparameters

We trained the model on a single Tesla V100 GPU with 32GBs of memory during 10 epochs (i.e., 312.4k steps) using a batch size of 32. We used the adamw optimizer with an initial learning rate of 2e-05, weight decay of 0.01, learning rate warmup over the first 500 steps, and linear decay of the learning rate. The sequence length was limited to 512 tokens.

Data

We used the French version of the mMARCO dataset to fine-tune our model. mMARCO is a multi-lingual machine-translated version of the MS MARCO dataset, a popular large-scale IR dataset.

Citation

@online{louis2023,
   author    = 'Antoine Louis',
   title     = 'crossencoder-electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator-mmarcoFR: A Cross-Encoder Model Trained on 1M sentence pairs in French',
   publisher = 'Hugging Face',
   month     = 'september',
   year      = '2023',
   url       = 'https://huggingface.co/antoinelouis/crossencoder-electra-base-french-europeana-cased-discriminator-mmarcoFR',
}