Ayansk11/disease_diagnosis · Datasets at Hugging Face

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[ { "case_id": "001", "symptoms": [ "fever", "sore throat", "headache" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Common Cold", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "These symptoms are commonly associated with viral infections like the common cold, particularly in the absence of more severe respiratory symptoms.", "definition": "A viral infection of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose and throat, typically caused by rhinoviruses." }, { "disease_name": "Flu", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Similar symptoms to the common cold but includes higher fever and sudden onset.", "definition": "An acute viral infection caused by influenza viruses, characterized by sudden onset of fever, muscle aches, and respiratory symptoms." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist more than a few days or worsen. Stay hydrated and rest." }, { "case_id": "002", "symptoms": [ "abdominal pain", "nausea", "vomiting", "fever" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Gastroenteritis", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Symptoms are indicative of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, likely due to infection.", "definition": "Inflammation of the digestive tract, particularly the stomach and intestines, usually caused by viral or bacterial infections." }, { "disease_name": "Appendicitis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Abdominal pain and fever are common symptoms, though medical imaging is required to confirm.", "definition": "Inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine, which can be life-threatening if untreated." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek immediate medical attention to rule out conditions like appendicitis which may require surgical intervention." }, { "case_id": "003", "symptoms": [ "chest pain", "shortness of breath", "sweating" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)", "confidence_level": 0.9, "reasoning": "Classic symptoms of a heart attack, especially if risk factors like hypertension or smoking are present.", "definition": "A medical emergency where blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing tissue damage or death." }, { "disease_name": "Angina Pectoris", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart, often triggered by physical exertion or stress.", "definition": "A type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart, typically triggered by stress or physical activity." } ], "recommended_actions": "Call emergency services immediately. Chew an aspirin if not allergic and keep calm until help arrives." }, { "case_id": "004", "symptoms": [ "persistent cough", "night sweats", "weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Tuberculosis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Symptoms align with pulmonary tuberculosis, especially if there's a history of exposure or travel to endemic areas.", "definition": "A bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can spread to other organs." }, { "disease_name": "Lung Cancer", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Chronic cough and weight loss can be indicative, particularly in smokers.", "definition": "A malignant tumor in the lung tissue that can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a healthcare provider for a chest X-ray and sputum test to confirm diagnosis." }, { "case_id": "005", "symptoms": [ "joint pain", "stiffness", "swelling" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Rheumatoid Arthritis", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disorder causing joint inflammation, typically affecting multiple joints symmetrically.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation in joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and potential joint deformity." }, { "disease_name": "Osteoarthritis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Degenerative joint disease common in older adults, usually affecting weight-bearing joints.", "definition": "A degenerative joint disease caused by wear and tear of cartilage, typically affecting older adults and weight-bearing joints." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek rheumatological evaluation for appropriate management and to prevent joint damage." }, { "case_id": "006", "symptoms": [ "frequent urination", "excessive thirst", "unexplained weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Diabetes Mellitus", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia indicating potential diabetes.", "definition": "A metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to either insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance." }, { "disease_name": "Diabetes Insipidus", "confidence_level": 0.5, "reasoning": "Less common, involves imbalance of fluids in the body leading to excessive urination and thirst.", "definition": "A rare condition where the body cannot regulate water balance, leading to excessive thirst and urination." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a healthcare provider for blood glucose testing and appropriate management." }, { "case_id": "007", "symptoms": [ "severe headache", "nausea", "sensitivity to light" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Migraine", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Recurrent headaches with associated symptoms suggestive of migraine.", "definition": "A neurological condition characterized by severe, recurring headaches often accompanied by nausea, light sensitivity, and other sensory disturbances." }, { "disease_name": "Tension Headache", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Common type of headache, though typically lacks nausea and light sensitivity.", "definition": "A common type of headache characterized by dull, aching pain often described as a tight band around the head." } ], "recommended_actions": "Maintain a headache diary to identify triggers and consult a healthcare provider for management strategies." }, { "case_id": "008", "symptoms": [ "yellowing of skin and eyes", "fatigue", "dark urine" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hepatitis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Inflammation of the liver often presents with jaundice and related symptoms.", "definition": "Inflammation of the liver caused by viral infection, toxins, or autoimmune conditions, leading to liver dysfunction." }, { "disease_name": "Hemolytic Anemia", "confidence_level": 0.5, "reasoning": "Rapid destruction of red blood cells can cause jaundice and fatigue.", "definition": "A type of anemia where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced, leading to jaundice and fatigue." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek medical evaluation for liver function tests and appropriate treatment." }, { "case_id": "009", "symptoms": [ "rash", "fever", "red eyes", "runny nose" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Measles", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Highly contagious viral infection with characteristic rash and systemic symptoms.", "definition": "A highly contagious viral infection characterized by a distinctive rash, fever, and respiratory symptoms." }, { "disease_name": "Rubella", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Similar presentation but generally milder and with shorter duration.", "definition": "A viral infection causing mild fever and a distinctive red rash, particularly dangerous during pregnancy." } ], "recommended_actions": "Isolate to prevent spread and consult a healthcare provider for confirmation and supportive care." }, { "case_id": "010", "symptoms": [ "rash", "joint pain", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Lupus", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Systemic autoimmune disease often presenting with a characteristic butterfly rash and joint pain.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs, characterized by periods of flares and remissions." }, { "disease_name": "Lyme Disease", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Tick-borne illness that can cause rash, joint pain, and fatigue, especially if there's a history of tick exposure.", "definition": "A bacterial infection transmitted by tick bites, causing a characteristic rash and systemic symptoms if left untreated." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a rheumatologist for blood tests and proper diagnosis." }, { "case_id": "011", "symptoms": [ "severe muscle pain", "dark urine", "weakness" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Rhabdomyolysis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Rapid breakdown of muscle tissue leading to release of muscle contents into the bloodstream.", "definition": "A serious condition where damaged muscle tissue breaks down rapidly, releasing proteins into the blood that can cause kidney damage." }, { "disease_name": "Polymyositis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Inflammatory muscle disease causing progressive muscle weakness.", "definition": "A chronic inflammatory muscle disease causing progressive weakness of the skeletal muscles that control movement." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek immediate medical attention for blood tests and possible hospitalization." }, { "case_id": "012", "symptoms": [ "fever", "muscle pain", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Ebola", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Viral hemorrhagic fever with initial flu-like symptoms, especially if there's travel history to endemic areas.", "definition": "A severe, often fatal viral disease characterized by fever, bleeding, and damage to multiple organ systems." }, { "disease_name": "Malaria", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Parasitic infection transmitted by mosquitoes, common in tropical regions.", "definition": "A parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes, causing cycles of fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate isolation and contact with infectious disease specialists." }, { "case_id": "013", "symptoms": [ "fever", "neck stiffness", "confusion" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Meningitis", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Inflammation of the meninges, often presenting with characteristic symptoms of fever and neck stiffness.", "definition": "Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, usually caused by infection." }, { "disease_name": "Encephalitis", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Inflammation of the brain tissue, can present similarly to meningitis but with more pronounced cognitive symptoms.", "definition": "Inflammation of the brain tissue itself, typically caused by viral infections or autoimmune responses." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate hospitalization for lumbar puncture and appropriate treatment." }, { "case_id": "014", "symptoms": [ "tremors", "stiffness", "slow movement" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Parkinson's Disease", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement, often presenting with characteristic tremor and bradykinesia.", "definition": "A progressive nervous system disorder affecting movement, characterized by tremor, stiffness, and slowing of movement." }, { "disease_name": "Essential Tremor", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Common movement disorder causing rhythmic shaking, often mistaken for Parkinson's.", "definition": "A neurological disorder causing rhythmic shaking, most commonly affecting the hands during voluntary movements." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a neurologist for detailed examination and possible brain imaging." }, { "case_id": "015", "symptoms": [ "memory loss", "confusion", "personality changes" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Alzheimer's Disease", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Progressive neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting memory and cognitive function.", "definition": "A progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, eventually affecting basic daily functions." }, { "disease_name": "Vascular Dementia", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Cognitive impairment caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, often due to multiple small strokes.", "definition": "A decline in thinking skills caused by reduced or blocked blood flow to the brain, leading to damaged brain tissue." } ], "recommended_actions": "Neurological evaluation including cognitive testing and brain imaging." }, { "case_id": "016", "symptoms": [ "fatigue", "weight gain", "cold sensitivity" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hypothyroidism", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Underactive thyroid gland leading to slowed metabolism and related symptoms.", "definition": "A condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone, leading to slowed metabolism and various systemic effects." }, { "disease_name": "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that can't be explained by an underlying medical condition.", "definition": "A complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that worsens with physical or mental activity and doesn't improve with rest." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult an endocrinologist for thyroid function tests and appropriate management." }, { "case_id": "017", "symptoms": [ "shortness of breath", "chronic cough", "wheezing" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Progressive lung disease often caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter.", "definition": "A chronic inflammatory lung disease causing obstructed airflow from the lungs, typically caused by long-term exposure to irritants." }, { "disease_name": "Asthma", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Chronic condition in which airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus.", "definition": "A chronic respiratory condition where airways become inflamed, narrow, and swollen, causing recurring periods of wheezing and breathing difficulty." } ], "recommended_actions": "Pulmonary function tests and consultation with a pulmonologist." }, { "case_id": "018", "symptoms": [ "blood in stool", "abdominal pain", "diarrhea" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Inflammatory Bowel Disease", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Chronic inflammation of the digestive tract, including conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.", "definition": "A group of chronic disorders causing inflammation of the digestive tract, leading to various gastrointestinal symptoms and complications." }, { "disease_name": "Colorectal Cancer", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Malignancy of the colon or rectum, often presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms.", "definition": "A cancer that starts in the colon or rectum, typically developing from precancerous polyps in the large intestine." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate consultation with a gastroenterologist for colonoscopy and further evaluation." }, { "case_id": "019", "symptoms": [ "skin lesions", "joint pain", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Psoriatic Arthritis", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis, affecting both skin and joints.", "definition": "A form of arthritis affecting some people with psoriasis, causing joint inflammation alongside skin symptoms." }, { "disease_name": "Systemic Sclerosis", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disease characterized by hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues.", "definition": "A rare autoimmune disorder causing hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues throughout the body." } ], "recommended_actions": "Rheumatological evaluation and possible skin biopsy." }, { "case_id": "020", "symptoms": [ "excessive sweating", "rapid heartbeat", "weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hyperthyroidism", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Overactive thyroid gland leading to increased metabolism and related symptoms.", "definition": "A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, leading to accelerated metabolism and various systemic effects." }, { "disease_name": "Pheochromocytoma", "confidence_level": 0.55, "reasoning": "Rare tumor of adrenal glands causing excessive production of catecholamines.", "definition": "A rare tumor of the adrenal glands that releases excessive amounts of hormones, leading to episodes of high blood pressure and other symptoms." } ], "recommended_actions": "Endocrinological evaluation including thyroid function tests and imaging studies." }, { "case_id": "021", "symptoms": [ "muscle weakness", "drooping eyelids", "difficulty swallowing" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Myasthenia Gravis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder causing weakness in voluntary muscles.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disorder causing muscle weakness that worsens with activity and improves with rest, affecting neuromuscular junctions." }, { "disease_name": "Lambert-Eaton Syndrome", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Rare autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction, often associated with small cell lung cancer.", "definition": "A rare autoimmune disorder that affects nerve cells and muscles, often occurring as a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with cancer." } ], "recommended_actions": "Neurological evaluation including electromyography and antibody tests." }, { "case_id": "022", "symptoms": [ "vision loss", "eye pain", "halos around lights" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Glaucoma", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often associated with increased intraocular pressure.", "definition": "A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, usually caused by abnormally high pressure inside the eye." }, { "disease_name": "Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Sudden onset of severe eye pain and rapid vision loss due to blocked drainage canals in the eye.", "definition": "A medical emergency where the iris blocks the drainage angle of the eye, causing a sudden rise in eye pressure." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate ophthalmological evaluation for intraocular pressure measurement and further testing." }, { "case_id": "023", "symptoms": [ "skin rash", "fever", "swollen lymph nodes" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Lymphoma", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Cancer of the lymphatic system, often presenting with systemic symptoms and enlarged lymph nodes.", "definition": "A cancer that begins in infection-fighting cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes." }, { "disease_name": "Mononucleosis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Viral infection causing fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands, common in young adults.", "definition": "A viral infection causing fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes, commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus." } ], "recommended_actions": "Medical evaluation including blood tests and possible lymph node biopsy." }, { "case_id": "024", "symptoms": [ "bone pain", "fractures", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Multiple Myeloma", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Cancer of plasma cells in bone marrow, often presenting with bone pain and increased risk of fractures.", "definition": "A cancer of plasma cells in the bone marrow that causes bone destruction, anemia, kidney damage, and high blood calcium." }, { "disease_name": "Osteoporosis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Condition of weakened bones, increasing risk of fractures, often asymptomatic until a fracture occurs.", "definition": "A bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and density, leading to increased risk of fractures." } ], "recommended_actions": "Hematological evaluation including blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and imaging studies." }, { "case_id": "025", "symptoms": [ "difficulty speaking", "facial drooping", "arm weakness" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Stroke", "confidence_level": 0.9, "reasoning": "Sudden interruption of blood supply to the brain, causing rapid onset of neurological deficits.", "definition": "A medical emergency where blood flow to an area of brain is cut off, causing brain cell death and loss of brain function." }, { "disease_name": "Bell's Palsy", "confidence_level": 0.55, "reasoning": "Sudden weakness in facial muscles, usually affecting one side of the face.", "definition": "A temporary weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles, usually affecting one side of the face." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate emergency medical attention for brain imaging and possible thrombolytic therapy." }, { "case_id": "026", "symptoms": [ "abdominal pain", "bloating", "diarrhea" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Celiac Disease", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten consumption, causing damage to the small intestine.", "definition": "An immune reaction to eating gluten that damages the small intestine's lining, causing digestive issues and malabsorption." }, { "disease_name": "Irritable Bowel Syndrome", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.", "definition": "A chronic disorder affecting the large intestine, causing cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea and constipation." } ], "recommended_actions": "Gastroenterological evaluation including blood tests for celiac antibodies and possible endoscopy." }, { "case_id": "027", "symptoms": [ "excessive thirst", "frequent urination", "blurred vision" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Diabetes Mellitus", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance.", "definition": "A chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar levels due to the body's inability to produce or effectively use insulin." }, { "disease_name": "Diabetes Insipidus", "confidence_level": 0.55, "reasoning": "Rare condition where the kidneys are unable to conserve water.", "definition": "A rare disorder where the body cannot regulate water balance, causing intense thirst and excretion of large amounts of dilute urine." } ], "recommended_actions": "Endocrinological evaluation including fasting blood glucose test and HbA1c measurement." }, { "case_id": "028", "symptoms": [ "joint pain", "skin rash", "fever" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems, often presenting with joint pain and characteristic butterfly rash.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs, causing inflammation and tissue damage throughout the body." }, { "disease_name": "Adult-onset Still's Disease", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Rare inflammatory disorder characterized by high fevers, joint pain, and salmon-colored rash.", "definition": "A rare inflammatory disorder causing high fevers, joint pain and a distinctive salmon-pink rash, typically affecting young adults." } ], "recommended_actions": "Rheumatological evaluation including autoantibody tests and imaging studies." }, { "case_id": "029", "symptoms": [ "chest pain", "palpitations", "shortness of breath" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Atrial Fibrillation", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Irregular heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atria.", "definition": "An irregular and often rapid heart rhythm that can lead to blood clots in the heart, increasing risk of stroke and heart failure." }, { "disease_name": "Pulmonary Embolism", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs, often caused by blood clots.", "definition": "A blockage in one or more pulmonary arteries in the lungs, usually caused by blood clots that travel from the legs or other parts of the body." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate cardiac evaluation including ECG, echocardiogram, and possible CT pulmonary angiography." }, { "case_id": "030", "symptoms": [ "tremors", "anxiety", "weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hyperthyroidism", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Overactive thyroid gland leading to increased metabolism and related symptoms.", "definition": "A condition where the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormone, accelerating the body's metabolism." }, { "disease_name": "Generalized Anxiety Disorder", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Persistent and excessive worry about various aspects of life, often accompanied by physical symptoms.", "definition": "A mental health disorder characterized by persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about various aspects of life." } ], "recommended_actions": "Endocrinological evaluation including thyroid function tests and possible psychiatric assessment." } ]

data

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[ { "case_id": "001", "symptoms": [ "fever", "sore throat", "headache" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Common Cold", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "These symptoms are commonly associated with viral infections like the common cold, particularly in the absence of more severe respiratory symptoms.", "definition": "A viral infection of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose and throat, typically caused by rhinoviruses." }, { "disease_name": "Flu", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Similar symptoms to the common cold but includes higher fever and sudden onset.", "definition": "An acute viral infection caused by influenza viruses, characterized by sudden onset of fever, muscle aches, and respiratory symptoms." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist more than a few days or worsen. Stay hydrated and rest." }, { "case_id": "002", "symptoms": [ "abdominal pain", "nausea", "vomiting", "fever" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Gastroenteritis", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Symptoms are indicative of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, likely due to infection.", "definition": "Inflammation of the digestive tract, particularly the stomach and intestines, usually caused by viral or bacterial infections." }, { "disease_name": "Appendicitis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Abdominal pain and fever are common symptoms, though medical imaging is required to confirm.", "definition": "Inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine, which can be life-threatening if untreated." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek immediate medical attention to rule out conditions like appendicitis which may require surgical intervention." }, { "case_id": "003", "symptoms": [ "chest pain", "shortness of breath", "sweating" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)", "confidence_level": 0.9, "reasoning": "Classic symptoms of a heart attack, especially if risk factors like hypertension or smoking are present.", "definition": "A medical emergency where blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing tissue damage or death." }, { "disease_name": "Angina Pectoris", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart, often triggered by physical exertion or stress.", "definition": "A type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart, typically triggered by stress or physical activity." } ], "recommended_actions": "Call emergency services immediately. Chew an aspirin if not allergic and keep calm until help arrives." }, { "case_id": "004", "symptoms": [ "persistent cough", "night sweats", "weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Tuberculosis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Symptoms align with pulmonary tuberculosis, especially if there's a history of exposure or travel to endemic areas.", "definition": "A bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can spread to other organs." }, { "disease_name": "Lung Cancer", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Chronic cough and weight loss can be indicative, particularly in smokers.", "definition": "A malignant tumor in the lung tissue that can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a healthcare provider for a chest X-ray and sputum test to confirm diagnosis." }, { "case_id": "005", "symptoms": [ "joint pain", "stiffness", "swelling" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Rheumatoid Arthritis", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disorder causing joint inflammation, typically affecting multiple joints symmetrically.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation in joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and potential joint deformity." }, { "disease_name": "Osteoarthritis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Degenerative joint disease common in older adults, usually affecting weight-bearing joints.", "definition": "A degenerative joint disease caused by wear and tear of cartilage, typically affecting older adults and weight-bearing joints." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek rheumatological evaluation for appropriate management and to prevent joint damage." }, { "case_id": "006", "symptoms": [ "frequent urination", "excessive thirst", "unexplained weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Diabetes Mellitus", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia indicating potential diabetes.", "definition": "A metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to either insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance." }, { "disease_name": "Diabetes Insipidus", "confidence_level": 0.5, "reasoning": "Less common, involves imbalance of fluids in the body leading to excessive urination and thirst.", "definition": "A rare condition where the body cannot regulate water balance, leading to excessive thirst and urination." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a healthcare provider for blood glucose testing and appropriate management." }, { "case_id": "007", "symptoms": [ "severe headache", "nausea", "sensitivity to light" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Migraine", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Recurrent headaches with associated symptoms suggestive of migraine.", "definition": "A neurological condition characterized by severe, recurring headaches often accompanied by nausea, light sensitivity, and other sensory disturbances." }, { "disease_name": "Tension Headache", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Common type of headache, though typically lacks nausea and light sensitivity.", "definition": "A common type of headache characterized by dull, aching pain often described as a tight band around the head." } ], "recommended_actions": "Maintain a headache diary to identify triggers and consult a healthcare provider for management strategies." }, { "case_id": "008", "symptoms": [ "yellowing of skin and eyes", "fatigue", "dark urine" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hepatitis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Inflammation of the liver often presents with jaundice and related symptoms.", "definition": "Inflammation of the liver caused by viral infection, toxins, or autoimmune conditions, leading to liver dysfunction." }, { "disease_name": "Hemolytic Anemia", "confidence_level": 0.5, "reasoning": "Rapid destruction of red blood cells can cause jaundice and fatigue.", "definition": "A type of anemia where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced, leading to jaundice and fatigue." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek medical evaluation for liver function tests and appropriate treatment." }, { "case_id": "009", "symptoms": [ "rash", "fever", "red eyes", "runny nose" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Measles", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Highly contagious viral infection with characteristic rash and systemic symptoms.", "definition": "A highly contagious viral infection characterized by a distinctive rash, fever, and respiratory symptoms." }, { "disease_name": "Rubella", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Similar presentation but generally milder and with shorter duration.", "definition": "A viral infection causing mild fever and a distinctive red rash, particularly dangerous during pregnancy." } ], "recommended_actions": "Isolate to prevent spread and consult a healthcare provider for confirmation and supportive care." }, { "case_id": "010", "symptoms": [ "rash", "joint pain", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Lupus", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Systemic autoimmune disease often presenting with a characteristic butterfly rash and joint pain.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs, characterized by periods of flares and remissions." }, { "disease_name": "Lyme Disease", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Tick-borne illness that can cause rash, joint pain, and fatigue, especially if there's a history of tick exposure.", "definition": "A bacterial infection transmitted by tick bites, causing a characteristic rash and systemic symptoms if left untreated." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a rheumatologist for blood tests and proper diagnosis." }, { "case_id": "011", "symptoms": [ "severe muscle pain", "dark urine", "weakness" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Rhabdomyolysis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Rapid breakdown of muscle tissue leading to release of muscle contents into the bloodstream.", "definition": "A serious condition where damaged muscle tissue breaks down rapidly, releasing proteins into the blood that can cause kidney damage." }, { "disease_name": "Polymyositis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Inflammatory muscle disease causing progressive muscle weakness.", "definition": "A chronic inflammatory muscle disease causing progressive weakness of the skeletal muscles that control movement." } ], "recommended_actions": "Seek immediate medical attention for blood tests and possible hospitalization." }, { "case_id": "012", "symptoms": [ "fever", "muscle pain", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Ebola", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Viral hemorrhagic fever with initial flu-like symptoms, especially if there's travel history to endemic areas.", "definition": "A severe, often fatal viral disease characterized by fever, bleeding, and damage to multiple organ systems." }, { "disease_name": "Malaria", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Parasitic infection transmitted by mosquitoes, common in tropical regions.", "definition": "A parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes, causing cycles of fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate isolation and contact with infectious disease specialists." }, { "case_id": "013", "symptoms": [ "fever", "neck stiffness", "confusion" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Meningitis", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Inflammation of the meninges, often presenting with characteristic symptoms of fever and neck stiffness.", "definition": "Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, usually caused by infection." }, { "disease_name": "Encephalitis", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Inflammation of the brain tissue, can present similarly to meningitis but with more pronounced cognitive symptoms.", "definition": "Inflammation of the brain tissue itself, typically caused by viral infections or autoimmune responses." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate hospitalization for lumbar puncture and appropriate treatment." }, { "case_id": "014", "symptoms": [ "tremors", "stiffness", "slow movement" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Parkinson's Disease", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement, often presenting with characteristic tremor and bradykinesia.", "definition": "A progressive nervous system disorder affecting movement, characterized by tremor, stiffness, and slowing of movement." }, { "disease_name": "Essential Tremor", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Common movement disorder causing rhythmic shaking, often mistaken for Parkinson's.", "definition": "A neurological disorder causing rhythmic shaking, most commonly affecting the hands during voluntary movements." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult a neurologist for detailed examination and possible brain imaging." }, { "case_id": "015", "symptoms": [ "memory loss", "confusion", "personality changes" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Alzheimer's Disease", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Progressive neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting memory and cognitive function.", "definition": "A progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, eventually affecting basic daily functions." }, { "disease_name": "Vascular Dementia", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Cognitive impairment caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, often due to multiple small strokes.", "definition": "A decline in thinking skills caused by reduced or blocked blood flow to the brain, leading to damaged brain tissue." } ], "recommended_actions": "Neurological evaluation including cognitive testing and brain imaging." }, { "case_id": "016", "symptoms": [ "fatigue", "weight gain", "cold sensitivity" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hypothyroidism", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Underactive thyroid gland leading to slowed metabolism and related symptoms.", "definition": "A condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone, leading to slowed metabolism and various systemic effects." }, { "disease_name": "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that can't be explained by an underlying medical condition.", "definition": "A complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that worsens with physical or mental activity and doesn't improve with rest." } ], "recommended_actions": "Consult an endocrinologist for thyroid function tests and appropriate management." }, { "case_id": "017", "symptoms": [ "shortness of breath", "chronic cough", "wheezing" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Progressive lung disease often caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter.", "definition": "A chronic inflammatory lung disease causing obstructed airflow from the lungs, typically caused by long-term exposure to irritants." }, { "disease_name": "Asthma", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Chronic condition in which airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus.", "definition": "A chronic respiratory condition where airways become inflamed, narrow, and swollen, causing recurring periods of wheezing and breathing difficulty." } ], "recommended_actions": "Pulmonary function tests and consultation with a pulmonologist." }, { "case_id": "018", "symptoms": [ "blood in stool", "abdominal pain", "diarrhea" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Inflammatory Bowel Disease", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Chronic inflammation of the digestive tract, including conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.", "definition": "A group of chronic disorders causing inflammation of the digestive tract, leading to various gastrointestinal symptoms and complications." }, { "disease_name": "Colorectal Cancer", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Malignancy of the colon or rectum, often presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms.", "definition": "A cancer that starts in the colon or rectum, typically developing from precancerous polyps in the large intestine." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate consultation with a gastroenterologist for colonoscopy and further evaluation." }, { "case_id": "019", "symptoms": [ "skin lesions", "joint pain", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Psoriatic Arthritis", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis, affecting both skin and joints.", "definition": "A form of arthritis affecting some people with psoriasis, causing joint inflammation alongside skin symptoms." }, { "disease_name": "Systemic Sclerosis", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disease characterized by hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues.", "definition": "A rare autoimmune disorder causing hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues throughout the body." } ], "recommended_actions": "Rheumatological evaluation and possible skin biopsy." }, { "case_id": "020", "symptoms": [ "excessive sweating", "rapid heartbeat", "weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hyperthyroidism", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Overactive thyroid gland leading to increased metabolism and related symptoms.", "definition": "A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, leading to accelerated metabolism and various systemic effects." }, { "disease_name": "Pheochromocytoma", "confidence_level": 0.55, "reasoning": "Rare tumor of adrenal glands causing excessive production of catecholamines.", "definition": "A rare tumor of the adrenal glands that releases excessive amounts of hormones, leading to episodes of high blood pressure and other symptoms." } ], "recommended_actions": "Endocrinological evaluation including thyroid function tests and imaging studies." }, { "case_id": "021", "symptoms": [ "muscle weakness", "drooping eyelids", "difficulty swallowing" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Myasthenia Gravis", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder causing weakness in voluntary muscles.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disorder causing muscle weakness that worsens with activity and improves with rest, affecting neuromuscular junctions." }, { "disease_name": "Lambert-Eaton Syndrome", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Rare autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction, often associated with small cell lung cancer.", "definition": "A rare autoimmune disorder that affects nerve cells and muscles, often occurring as a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with cancer." } ], "recommended_actions": "Neurological evaluation including electromyography and antibody tests." }, { "case_id": "022", "symptoms": [ "vision loss", "eye pain", "halos around lights" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Glaucoma", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often associated with increased intraocular pressure.", "definition": "A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, usually caused by abnormally high pressure inside the eye." }, { "disease_name": "Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Sudden onset of severe eye pain and rapid vision loss due to blocked drainage canals in the eye.", "definition": "A medical emergency where the iris blocks the drainage angle of the eye, causing a sudden rise in eye pressure." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate ophthalmological evaluation for intraocular pressure measurement and further testing." }, { "case_id": "023", "symptoms": [ "skin rash", "fever", "swollen lymph nodes" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Lymphoma", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Cancer of the lymphatic system, often presenting with systemic symptoms and enlarged lymph nodes.", "definition": "A cancer that begins in infection-fighting cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes." }, { "disease_name": "Mononucleosis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Viral infection causing fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands, common in young adults.", "definition": "A viral infection causing fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes, commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus." } ], "recommended_actions": "Medical evaluation including blood tests and possible lymph node biopsy." }, { "case_id": "024", "symptoms": [ "bone pain", "fractures", "fatigue" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Multiple Myeloma", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Cancer of plasma cells in bone marrow, often presenting with bone pain and increased risk of fractures.", "definition": "A cancer of plasma cells in the bone marrow that causes bone destruction, anemia, kidney damage, and high blood calcium." }, { "disease_name": "Osteoporosis", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Condition of weakened bones, increasing risk of fractures, often asymptomatic until a fracture occurs.", "definition": "A bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and density, leading to increased risk of fractures." } ], "recommended_actions": "Hematological evaluation including blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and imaging studies." }, { "case_id": "025", "symptoms": [ "difficulty speaking", "facial drooping", "arm weakness" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Stroke", "confidence_level": 0.9, "reasoning": "Sudden interruption of blood supply to the brain, causing rapid onset of neurological deficits.", "definition": "A medical emergency where blood flow to an area of brain is cut off, causing brain cell death and loss of brain function." }, { "disease_name": "Bell's Palsy", "confidence_level": 0.55, "reasoning": "Sudden weakness in facial muscles, usually affecting one side of the face.", "definition": "A temporary weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles, usually affecting one side of the face." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate emergency medical attention for brain imaging and possible thrombolytic therapy." }, { "case_id": "026", "symptoms": [ "abdominal pain", "bloating", "diarrhea" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Celiac Disease", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten consumption, causing damage to the small intestine.", "definition": "An immune reaction to eating gluten that damages the small intestine's lining, causing digestive issues and malabsorption." }, { "disease_name": "Irritable Bowel Syndrome", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.", "definition": "A chronic disorder affecting the large intestine, causing cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea and constipation." } ], "recommended_actions": "Gastroenterological evaluation including blood tests for celiac antibodies and possible endoscopy." }, { "case_id": "027", "symptoms": [ "excessive thirst", "frequent urination", "blurred vision" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Diabetes Mellitus", "confidence_level": 0.85, "reasoning": "Metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance.", "definition": "A chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar levels due to the body's inability to produce or effectively use insulin." }, { "disease_name": "Diabetes Insipidus", "confidence_level": 0.55, "reasoning": "Rare condition where the kidneys are unable to conserve water.", "definition": "A rare disorder where the body cannot regulate water balance, causing intense thirst and excretion of large amounts of dilute urine." } ], "recommended_actions": "Endocrinological evaluation including fasting blood glucose test and HbA1c measurement." }, { "case_id": "028", "symptoms": [ "joint pain", "skin rash", "fever" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems, often presenting with joint pain and characteristic butterfly rash.", "definition": "A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs, causing inflammation and tissue damage throughout the body." }, { "disease_name": "Adult-onset Still's Disease", "confidence_level": 0.6, "reasoning": "Rare inflammatory disorder characterized by high fevers, joint pain, and salmon-colored rash.", "definition": "A rare inflammatory disorder causing high fevers, joint pain and a distinctive salmon-pink rash, typically affecting young adults." } ], "recommended_actions": "Rheumatological evaluation including autoantibody tests and imaging studies." }, { "case_id": "029", "symptoms": [ "chest pain", "palpitations", "shortness of breath" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Atrial Fibrillation", "confidence_level": 0.75, "reasoning": "Irregular heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atria.", "definition": "An irregular and often rapid heart rhythm that can lead to blood clots in the heart, increasing risk of stroke and heart failure." }, { "disease_name": "Pulmonary Embolism", "confidence_level": 0.7, "reasoning": "Blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs, often caused by blood clots.", "definition": "A blockage in one or more pulmonary arteries in the lungs, usually caused by blood clots that travel from the legs or other parts of the body." } ], "recommended_actions": "Immediate cardiac evaluation including ECG, echocardiogram, and possible CT pulmonary angiography." }, { "case_id": "030", "symptoms": [ "tremors", "anxiety", "weight loss" ], "possible_diseases": [ { "disease_name": "Hyperthyroidism", "confidence_level": 0.8, "reasoning": "Overactive thyroid gland leading to increased metabolism and related symptoms.", "definition": "A condition where the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormone, accelerating the body's metabolism." }, { "disease_name": "Generalized Anxiety Disorder", "confidence_level": 0.65, "reasoning": "Persistent and excessive worry about various aspects of life, often accompanied by physical symptoms.", "definition": "A mental health disorder characterized by persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about various aspects of life." } ], "recommended_actions": "Endocrinological evaluation including thyroid function tests and possible psychiatric assessment." } ]