Datasets:

Harsh1729

/

hotpotqa_uncertain

like 0

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Patricia Kennedy Lawford Patricia Helen "Pat" Kennedy Lawford (May 6, 1924 – September 17, 2006) was an American socialite and the sixth of nine children of Rose and Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. She was a sister of President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and Senator Ted Kennedy. Pat wanted to be a film producer, a profession not readily open to young women in her time. She married English actor Peter Lawford in 1954, but they experienced a serious culture-clash and divorced in 1966. ## Lynn Franklin Lynn Franklin (born 1922 in Mississippi) is an American author, and the most highly decorated officer in Beverly Hills Police history. He is most famous for being the Beverly Hills Police detective who pulled over a car containing Robert F. Kennedy, Peter Lawford, and Dr. Ralph Greenson (Lawford was behind the wheel), the night he claims Marilyn Monroe was killed. He received the Clinton H. Anderson Award. ## Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. Joseph Patrick "Joe" Kennedy Sr. (September 6, 1888 – November 18, 1969) was an American businessman, investor, and politician known for his high-profile positions in United States politics. Kennedy was married to Rose Kennedy. Three of their nine children attained distinguished political positions: President John F. Kennedy (1917–1963), Attorney General and Senator Robert F. Kennedy (1925–1968), and longtime Senator Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy (1932–2009). He was a leading member of the Democratic Party and of the Irish Catholic community. He was appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to be the first chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and later directed the Maritime Commission. Kennedy served as the United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1938 until late 1940, when he annoyed Roosevelt by his pessimism about Britain's survival. ## Christopher Lawford Christopher Kennedy "Chris" Lawford (born March 29, 1955) is an American author, actor, and activist. He is a member of the prominent Kennedy family, and son of actor Peter Lawford. ## Rat Pack The Rat Pack is a term used by the media to refer to an informal group of entertainers centered on the Las Vegas casino scene. Having its origins in a group of friends that met at the Los Angeles home of Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall, by the 1960s, it was the name used by the press and the general public to refer to a later variation of the group that called itself "the Summit" or "the Clan", featuring Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis Jr., Peter Lawford and Joey Bishop among others; they appeared together on stage and in films in the early 1960s, including the movies "Ocean's 11", "Sergeants 3", and "Robin and the 7 Hoods" (in the last film, Bing Crosby replaced Lawford). Sinatra, Martin, and Davis were regarded as the group's lead members. ## Sydney Turing Barlow Lawford Lieutenant-General Sir Sydney Turing Barlow Lawford, KCB (16 November 1865 – 15 February 1953) was a British Army officer, and the father of movie star Peter Lawford. ## Ted Kennedy Edward Moore "Ted" Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009) was an American politician and lawyer who served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts for over forty years from 1962 until his death in 2009. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the second most senior member of the Senate when he died and was the fourth-longest-continuously-serving senator in United States history, having served there for almost 47 years. Ted Kennedy was the most prominent living member of the Kennedy family for many years, and he was also the last surviving, longest-living, and youngest son of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. and Rose Kennedy. He was the youngest brother of John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States and Senator Robert F. Kennedy, both victims of assassination, and the father of Congressman Patrick J. Kennedy. ## Patrick Kennedy (1823–1858) Patrick Kennedy (February 16, 1823 – November 22, 1858) was an Irish farmer, businessman, and politician who moved to East Boston, Massachusetts from County Wexford, Ireland. He was born in New Ross, Ireland. He was the father of businessman/politician P. J. Kennedy, paternal grandfather of businessman/politician Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., and patrilineal great-grandfather of World War II casualty Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and longtime Senator Ted Kennedy. ## Betty Lawford Betty Lawford (February 1, 1912 – November 20, 1960) was a United States-based English film and stage actress. She was briefly married to the American actor-director Monta Bell. She was a cousin of the actor and socialite Peter Lawford. She died at Roosevelt Hospital, Manhattan, following an illness of three weeks. Her parents, Ernest Lawford and Janet Slater Lawford, were also actors. ## Sergeants 3 Sergeants 3 is a 1962 film directed by John Sturges and featuring Rat Pack icons Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis, Jr., Peter Lawford, and Joey Bishop. It was the last film to feature all five members of the Rat Pack due to Sinatra's falling out with Lawford. Question: What sister of a longtime Senator from Massachusetts married Peter Lawford? Answer:

Patricia Helen "Pat" Kennedy Lawford

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Patricia Kennedy Lawford Patricia Helen "Pat" Kennedy Lawford (May 6, 1924 – September 17, 2006) was an American socialite and the sixth of nine children of Rose and Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. She was a sister of President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and Senator Ted Kennedy. Pat wanted to be a film producer, a profession not readily open to young women in her time. She married English actor Peter Lawford in 1954, but they experienced a serious culture-clash and divorced in 1966. ## Lynn Franklin Lynn Franklin (born 1922 in Mississippi) is an American author, and the most highly decorated officer in Beverly Hills Police history. He is most famous for being the Beverly Hills Police detective who pulled over a car containing Robert F. Kennedy, Peter Lawford, and Dr. Ralph Greenson (Lawford was behind the wheel), the night he claims Marilyn Monroe was killed. He received the Clinton H. Anderson Award. ## Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. Joseph Patrick "Joe" Kennedy Sr. (September 6, 1888 – November 18, 1969) was an American businessman, investor, and politician known for his high-profile positions in United States politics. Kennedy was married to Rose Kennedy. Three of their nine children attained distinguished political positions: President John F. Kennedy (1917–1963), Attorney General and Senator Robert F. Kennedy (1925–1968), and longtime Senator Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy (1932–2009). He was a leading member of the Democratic Party and of the Irish Catholic community. He was appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to be the first chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and later directed the Maritime Commission. Kennedy served as the United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1938 until late 1940, when he annoyed Roosevelt by his pessimism about Britain's survival. ## Christopher Lawford Christopher Kennedy "Chris" Lawford (born March 29, 1955) is an American author, actor, and activist. He is a member of the prominent Kennedy family, and son of actor Peter Lawford. ## Rat Pack The Rat Pack is a term used by the media to refer to an informal group of entertainers centered on the Las Vegas casino scene. Having its origins in a group of friends that met at the Los Angeles home of Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall, by the 1960s, it was the name used by the press and the general public to refer to a later variation of the group that called itself "the Summit" or "the Clan", featuring Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis Jr., Peter Lawford and Joey Bishop among others; they appeared together on stage and in films in the early 1960s, including the movies "Ocean's 11", "Sergeants 3", and "Robin and the 7 Hoods" (in the last film, Bing Crosby replaced Lawford). Sinatra, Martin, and Davis were regarded as the group's lead members. ## Sydney Turing Barlow Lawford Lieutenant-General Sir Sydney Turing Barlow Lawford, KCB (16 November 1865 – 15 February 1953) was a British Army officer, and the father of movie star Peter Lawford. ## Ted Kennedy Edward Moore "Ted" Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009) was an American politician and lawyer who served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts for over forty years from 1962 until his death in 2009. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the second most senior member of the Senate when he died and was the fourth-longest-continuously-serving senator in United States history, having served there for almost 47 years. Ted Kennedy was the most prominent living member of the Kennedy family for many years, and he was also the last surviving, longest-living, and youngest son of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. and Rose Kennedy. He was the youngest brother of John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States and Senator Robert F. Kennedy, both victims of assassination, and the father of Congressman Patrick J. Kennedy. ## Patrick Kennedy (1823–1858) Patrick Kennedy (February 16, 1823 – November 22, 1858) was an Irish farmer, businessman, and politician who moved to East Boston, Massachusetts from County Wexford, Ireland. He was born in New Ross, Ireland. He was the father of businessman/politician P. J. Kennedy, paternal grandfather of businessman/politician Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., and patrilineal great-grandfather of World War II casualty Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and longtime Senator Ted Kennedy. ## Betty Lawford Betty Lawford (February 1, 1912 – November 20, 1960) was a United States-based English film and stage actress. She was briefly married to the American actor-director Monta Bell. She was a cousin of the actor and socialite Peter Lawford. She died at Roosevelt Hospital, Manhattan, following an illness of three weeks. Her parents, Ernest Lawford and Janet Slater Lawford, were also actors. ## Sergeants 3 Sergeants 3 is a 1962 film directed by John Sturges and featuring Rat Pack icons Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis, Jr., Peter Lawford, and Joey Bishop. It was the last film to feature all five members of the Rat Pack due to Sinatra's falling out with Lawford. Question: What sister of a longtime Senator from Massachusetts married Peter Lawford? Answer: ### Response: Patricia Helen "Pat" Kennedy Lawford

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Shy Keenan Shy Keenan (also known as Karen Wootton and Karen Claridge ) is a British author, child sexual abuse survivor, and founder of Phoenix Survivors, an advocacy group for victims of sexual abuse. Keenan is known for her biography "Broken", (which has been withdrawn from distribution after a court hearing) in which she discusses the long-term and extreme sexual abuse she experienced from her stepfather, Stanley Claridge. For her work with sexual abuse victims, Keenan received a "Women Of The Year" award in 2008. ## Manny Waks Manny Waks, born Menachem Leib Waks in Israel in 1976, is a Jewish activist. He was previously part of the orthodox community in Australia and later became known for his activism against child sexual abuse in the Jewish community worldwide. He founded Tzedek, an organization to fight child sexual abuse in Jewish communities. Waks assisted the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse in investigating Melbourne Yeshivah centre of the Orthodox Chabad movement of Judaism on their handling of child sexual abuse cases. ## Jehovah's Witnesses' handling of child sex abuse Cases of child sexual abuse take place in Jehovah's Witnesses congregations.. The Watch Tower Society states that the "incidence of this crime among Jehovah's Witnesses is rare". The organization officially denounces all kinds of sexual abuse. An independent 2009 study in Norway concluded that the rate of sexual abuse among Jehovah's Witnesses was not higher than that in general society. In 2015, it was disclosed that the Australia Branch of Jehovah's Witnesses had records of 1,006 alleged perpetrators of child sexual abuse abusers, relating to more than 1,800 victims. ## Child-on-child sexual abuse Child-on-child sexual abuse is a form of child sexual abuse in which a prepubescent child is sexually abused by one or more other children or adolescent youths, and in which no adult is directly involved. The term has been defined as sexual activity between children that occurs "without consent, without equality, or as a result of coercion". This includes when one of the children uses physical force, threats, trickery or emotional manipulation to elicit cooperation. Child-on-child sexual abuse is further differentiated from normative sexual play or anatomical curiosity and exploration (e.g. "playing doctor") because child-on-child sexual abuse is an overt and deliberate action directed at sexual stimulation, including orgasm. In many instances, the initiator exploits the other child's naïveté, and the victim is unaware of the nature of what is happening to them. When sexual abuse is perpetrated by one sibling upon another, it is known as "intersibling abuse". ## Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Victoria The Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Victoria is part of the Catholic clerical sexual abuse in Australia and the much wider Catholic sexual abuse scandal in general, which involves charges, convictions, trials and ongoing investigations into allegations of sex crimes committed by Catholic priests and members of religious orders. The Catholic Church in Victoria has been implicated in a reported 40 suicides among about 620 sexual abuse victims acknowledged to the public after internal investigations by the Catholic Church in Victoria. ## Southwell inquiry The Southwell inquiry was an inquiry performed by AJ Southwell, a former Australian judge, into allegations of sexual abuse in Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne by a 53-year-old man (who could not be named) who alleged that he was sexually abused in 1961 at a Roman Catholic youth camp when he was 12 years old by George Pell, who at that time was a seminarian and was at the time of the allegation Archbishop of Sydney. ## Cornwall Inquiry The Cornwall Inquiry is a commission of inquiry that was mandated "to inquire into and report on the events surrounding allegations of abuse of young people in Cornwall" by local police, Crown attorneys, probation officers, Roman Catholic clergy and other adults in positions of trust in Cornwall, Ontario. Commissioner Mr. Justice G. Normand Glaude, a former member of the Ontario Police Commission, categorically refused to make a conclusive finding of fact as to whether a pedophile ring existed or whether there was a conspiracy by people in authority to cover up child sexual abuse.The commission found systemic failures in the response of the justice system to child sexual abuse claims. ## George Pell George Pell {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 8 June 1941) is an Australian cardinal prelate of the Catholic Church. He became the inaugural Prefect of the Secretariat for the Economy in 2014. He previously served as the eighth Archbishop of Sydney (2001–2014), Auxiliary Bishop of Melbourne (1987–1996), and Archbishop of Melbourne (1996–2001). He was created a cardinal in 2003. Ordained in 1966, he has also been an author, columnist, public speaker and sportsman, having been signed by the Richmond Football Club, an Australian Rules Football team, in 1959. Since becoming Archbishop of Melbourne in 1996, he has maintained a high public profile on a wide range of issues, while retaining a strict adherence to Catholic orthodoxy. ## BBC sexual abuse cases In 2012 and 2013, the British Broadcasting Corporation was involved in a series of investigations, accusations and scandals related to sexual abuse committed by employees, and the reporting of allegations of abuse by others. The issue of child sexual abuse by BBC employees was publicised nationally in October 2012 as part of the Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal. Savile was a radio DJ and TV personality who presented the programmes "Top of the Pops", "Jim'll Fix It" and "Clunk Click", and was a well known charity fundraiser. Allegations of sexual abuse by Savile and other BBC employees were reported to have taken place in a number of locations across the country, including BBC Television Centre. ## Catholic sexual abuse cases in Australia Catholic sexual abuse cases in Australia, like Catholic sexual abuse scandals elsewhere, have involved convictions, trials and ongoing investigations into allegations of sex crimes committed by Catholic priests, members of religious orders and other personnel which have come to light in recent decades, along with the growing awareness of sexual abuse within other religious and secular institutions. Criticisms of the Church have centred both on the nature and extent of abuse, and on historical and contemporary management of allegations by Church officials. Internally, the Church began updating its protocols in the 1990s, and papal apologies for abuse in Australia were made by John Paull II and Benedict XVI. A number of government enquiries have also examined church practices - most notably the 2015-17 Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. The Royal Commission established that some 4,444 people had complained of incidents of child abuse relating to the period 1950 to 2010, with some 3,057 redress payments being made. However, contrary to much media coverage, the Royal Commission also established that abuse from within the Church in Australia is largely an historical phenomenon, having peaked in the 1970s, and that the Catholic Church was not per capita the worst offender among the religious and secular institutions examined. Question: Which Archbishop of Melbourne was accused of sexual abuse in the Southwell inquiry? Answer:

George Pell

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Shy Keenan Shy Keenan (also known as Karen Wootton and Karen Claridge ) is a British author, child sexual abuse survivor, and founder of Phoenix Survivors, an advocacy group for victims of sexual abuse. Keenan is known for her biography "Broken", (which has been withdrawn from distribution after a court hearing) in which she discusses the long-term and extreme sexual abuse she experienced from her stepfather, Stanley Claridge. For her work with sexual abuse victims, Keenan received a "Women Of The Year" award in 2008. ## Manny Waks Manny Waks, born Menachem Leib Waks in Israel in 1976, is a Jewish activist. He was previously part of the orthodox community in Australia and later became known for his activism against child sexual abuse in the Jewish community worldwide. He founded Tzedek, an organization to fight child sexual abuse in Jewish communities. Waks assisted the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse in investigating Melbourne Yeshivah centre of the Orthodox Chabad movement of Judaism on their handling of child sexual abuse cases. ## Jehovah's Witnesses' handling of child sex abuse Cases of child sexual abuse take place in Jehovah's Witnesses congregations.. The Watch Tower Society states that the "incidence of this crime among Jehovah's Witnesses is rare". The organization officially denounces all kinds of sexual abuse. An independent 2009 study in Norway concluded that the rate of sexual abuse among Jehovah's Witnesses was not higher than that in general society. In 2015, it was disclosed that the Australia Branch of Jehovah's Witnesses had records of 1,006 alleged perpetrators of child sexual abuse abusers, relating to more than 1,800 victims. ## Child-on-child sexual abuse Child-on-child sexual abuse is a form of child sexual abuse in which a prepubescent child is sexually abused by one or more other children or adolescent youths, and in which no adult is directly involved. The term has been defined as sexual activity between children that occurs "without consent, without equality, or as a result of coercion". This includes when one of the children uses physical force, threats, trickery or emotional manipulation to elicit cooperation. Child-on-child sexual abuse is further differentiated from normative sexual play or anatomical curiosity and exploration (e.g. "playing doctor") because child-on-child sexual abuse is an overt and deliberate action directed at sexual stimulation, including orgasm. In many instances, the initiator exploits the other child's naïveté, and the victim is unaware of the nature of what is happening to them. When sexual abuse is perpetrated by one sibling upon another, it is known as "intersibling abuse". ## Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Victoria The Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Victoria is part of the Catholic clerical sexual abuse in Australia and the much wider Catholic sexual abuse scandal in general, which involves charges, convictions, trials and ongoing investigations into allegations of sex crimes committed by Catholic priests and members of religious orders. The Catholic Church in Victoria has been implicated in a reported 40 suicides among about 620 sexual abuse victims acknowledged to the public after internal investigations by the Catholic Church in Victoria. ## Southwell inquiry The Southwell inquiry was an inquiry performed by AJ Southwell, a former Australian judge, into allegations of sexual abuse in Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne by a 53-year-old man (who could not be named) who alleged that he was sexually abused in 1961 at a Roman Catholic youth camp when he was 12 years old by George Pell, who at that time was a seminarian and was at the time of the allegation Archbishop of Sydney. ## Cornwall Inquiry The Cornwall Inquiry is a commission of inquiry that was mandated "to inquire into and report on the events surrounding allegations of abuse of young people in Cornwall" by local police, Crown attorneys, probation officers, Roman Catholic clergy and other adults in positions of trust in Cornwall, Ontario. Commissioner Mr. Justice G. Normand Glaude, a former member of the Ontario Police Commission, categorically refused to make a conclusive finding of fact as to whether a pedophile ring existed or whether there was a conspiracy by people in authority to cover up child sexual abuse.The commission found systemic failures in the response of the justice system to child sexual abuse claims. ## George Pell George Pell {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 8 June 1941) is an Australian cardinal prelate of the Catholic Church. He became the inaugural Prefect of the Secretariat for the Economy in 2014. He previously served as the eighth Archbishop of Sydney (2001–2014), Auxiliary Bishop of Melbourne (1987–1996), and Archbishop of Melbourne (1996–2001). He was created a cardinal in 2003. Ordained in 1966, he has also been an author, columnist, public speaker and sportsman, having been signed by the Richmond Football Club, an Australian Rules Football team, in 1959. Since becoming Archbishop of Melbourne in 1996, he has maintained a high public profile on a wide range of issues, while retaining a strict adherence to Catholic orthodoxy. ## BBC sexual abuse cases In 2012 and 2013, the British Broadcasting Corporation was involved in a series of investigations, accusations and scandals related to sexual abuse committed by employees, and the reporting of allegations of abuse by others. The issue of child sexual abuse by BBC employees was publicised nationally in October 2012 as part of the Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal. Savile was a radio DJ and TV personality who presented the programmes "Top of the Pops", "Jim'll Fix It" and "Clunk Click", and was a well known charity fundraiser. Allegations of sexual abuse by Savile and other BBC employees were reported to have taken place in a number of locations across the country, including BBC Television Centre. ## Catholic sexual abuse cases in Australia Catholic sexual abuse cases in Australia, like Catholic sexual abuse scandals elsewhere, have involved convictions, trials and ongoing investigations into allegations of sex crimes committed by Catholic priests, members of religious orders and other personnel which have come to light in recent decades, along with the growing awareness of sexual abuse within other religious and secular institutions. Criticisms of the Church have centred both on the nature and extent of abuse, and on historical and contemporary management of allegations by Church officials. Internally, the Church began updating its protocols in the 1990s, and papal apologies for abuse in Australia were made by John Paull II and Benedict XVI. A number of government enquiries have also examined church practices - most notably the 2015-17 Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. The Royal Commission established that some 4,444 people had complained of incidents of child abuse relating to the period 1950 to 2010, with some 3,057 redress payments being made. However, contrary to much media coverage, the Royal Commission also established that abuse from within the Church in Australia is largely an historical phenomenon, having peaked in the 1970s, and that the Catholic Church was not per capita the worst offender among the religious and secular institutions examined. Question: Which Archbishop of Melbourne was accused of sexual abuse in the Southwell inquiry? Answer: ### Response: George Pell

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Richard III of England Richard III (2 October 1452 – 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485, at the age of 32, in the Battle of Bosworth Field. He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty. His defeat at Bosworth Field, the last decisive battle of the Wars of the Roses, marked the end of the Middle Ages in England. He is the subject of the historical play "Richard III" by William Shakespeare. ## Ballad of Bosworth Field The Ballad of Bosworth Field is a poem in the English language, believed to have been written before 1495; the earliest extant copy dates from the mid-17th century. The poem is thought to have been written by someone closely connected with the Stanley family, because of the way it praises the Stanley brothers for their role in the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485. ## Nicholas Gaynesford Nicholas Gainsford, also written Gaynesford or Gaynesforde, (about 1427–1498) of Carshalton, Surrey, of an armigerous gentry family established at Crowhurst, was a Justice of the Peace, several times Member of Parliament and High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, Constable and Keeper of Odiham Castle and Park, Hampshire, who served in the royal households from around 1461 until his death in 1498. Rising to high office during the reign of Henry VI, he was an Usher to the Chamber of Edward IV and, by 1476, to his queen Elizabeth Woodville. Closely within the sphere of Woodville patronage, he was a favourer of Edward V, and was a leader in the Kentish rising of 1483 against Richard III. He was attainted in 1483, but was soon afterwards pardoned, and fully regained his position and estate as Esquire to Henry VII and Elizabeth of York after the Battle of Bosworth Field. He established the Carshalton branch of the Gainsford family. ## Hugh Conway (Lord Treasurer) Sir Hugh Conway was created Lord Treasurer of Ireland in 1494 by King Henry VII of England. He replaced Sir James Ormonde as Lord Treasurer of Ireland. In 1504 he was appointed Treasurer of Calais by Henry VII ( Cal. Pat. Rolls Henry VIII, vol. ii, 365). Hugh Conway was an early supporter of Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond (later Henry VII), was sent by Margaret Beaufort, Henry's mother to Henry, in exile in France, in 1483 with a large sum of money and encouragement to invade England through Wales and seize the crown from Richard III. Henry did so in 1485 and Richard was killed at the Battle of Bosworth, where Hugh was present. Hugh was appointed Keeper of the Great Wardrobe by King Henry VII on 21 September 1485, was knighted in January 1486 at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth of York, daughter of King Edward IV, and married Elizabeth Courtenay, daughter of Sir Thomas Courtenay, Earl of Devon, in 1490. Sir Hugh Conway was appointed Sheriff of Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire by Henry VII in 1500. Sir Hugh was a son of John ‘ Aer Conwy Hen ’ of Bodrhyddan Hall and Constable of Rhuddlan Castle, Flintshire, Wales, by his first marriage, and descended from the ancient line of Conway (Conwy = Wales) and de Crevecouer (The Journal Of The Flintshire Historical Society (Appendix D: Conwy Pedigree (British Museum Harleian MS 1971))). Sir Hugh's younger half-brother was Edward Conway who married the heiress of Arrow and Alcester, Warwickshire, and was great-grandfather to Edward Conway, 1st Viscount Conway of Ragley Hall, ancestor of the present family of Seymour Conways, Marquis of Hertford. ## Ricardian (Richard III) Ricardians are people interested in altering the posthumous reputation of Richard III, King of England (reigned 1483–1485). Richard III has long been portrayed unfavourably, most notably in William Shakespeare's play "Richard III", in which Richard is portrayed as having murdered his nephew, the crown prince of England, a 12 year old child at the time, in order to secure the English throne for himself. Ricardians have worked in an effort to turn this around and to paint this portrayal, and the many other related assertions that followed, as most probably false politically motivated accusations. ## Dominic Mancini Dominic Mancini was an Italian who visited England in 1482-3. He witnessed the events leading up to Richard III being offered the English crown. He left in 1483 and wrote a report of what he had witnessed. He called it: "De Occupatione Regni Anglie per Riccardum Tercium" ("The Occupation of the Throne of England by Richard III"). The account is a major source of information about the period, but it sat unread in a French library until rediscovered in 1934. ## Battle of Bosworth Field The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that raged across England in the latter half of the 15th century. Fought on 22 August 1485, the battle was won by the Lancastrians. Their leader Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, by his victory became the first English monarch of the Tudor dynasty. His opponent, Richard III, the last king of the House of York, was killed in the battle. Historians consider Bosworth Field to mark the end of the Plantagenet dynasty, making it a defining moment of English and Welsh history. ## James Harrington (Yorkist knight) Sir James Harrington, KB, MP of Hornby (?1430 – 22 August 1485) was a prominent supporter of the House of York in Northern England during the Wars of the Roses, having been retained by Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, who was brother-in-law to the head of the House of York, Richard of York. He was second son of Sir Thomas Harrington, who had died with the king's father at the Battle of Wakefield in December 1460. James himself had fought with Salisbury at the Battle of Blore Heath in 1459, where he had been captured and imprisoned by the Lancastrians until the next year. He was a significant regional figure during the reign of King Edward IV, although the early years of the new king's reign were mared by a bitter feud between him and the Stanley family over a castle in Lancashire. On the accession of King Richard III in 1485, he was appointed to the new king's Household, and as such was almost certainly with him at Battle of Bosworth two years later. It is likely that he fell in battle there, although precise details of his death are now unknown. ## The Black Adder The Black Adder is the first series of the BBC sitcom "Blackadder", written by Richard Curtis and Rowan Atkinson, directed by Martin Shardlow and produced by John Lloyd. The series was originally aired on BBC One from 15 June 1983 to 20 July 1983, and was a joint production with the Australian Seven Network. Set in 1485 at the end of the British Middle Ages, the series is written as a secret history which contends that King Richard III won the Battle of Bosworth Field, only to be unintentionally assassinated by his nephew Edmund and succeeded by Richard IV, one of the Princes in the Tower. The series follows the exploits of Richard IV's unfavoured second son Edmund (who calls himself "The Black Adder") in his various attempts to increase his standing with his father and, in the final episode, his quest to overthrow him. ## Thomas Arundell (1454–1485) Sir Thomas Arundell (1454–1485) was an English nobleman. He was made a Knight of the Bath at the Coronation of Richard III in 1483. Two years later, when Richard III was defeated at the Battle of Bosworth (1485), he was attainted for rebelling against the King. Arundell then gave his support to Henry Tudor in his claim to the throne. His marriage to the heiress, Katherine Dynham, brought great wealth to the Arundell family. She was one of the four sisters and coheirs of John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham. Question: Dominic Mancini, was an Italian who visited England, in 1482-3, he wrote a report, and called it, The Occupation of the Throne of England by Richard III, was a King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485, at the age of what number, in the Battle of Bosworth Field? Answer:

32

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Richard III of England Richard III (2 October 1452 – 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485, at the age of 32, in the Battle of Bosworth Field. He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty. His defeat at Bosworth Field, the last decisive battle of the Wars of the Roses, marked the end of the Middle Ages in England. He is the subject of the historical play "Richard III" by William Shakespeare. ## Ballad of Bosworth Field The Ballad of Bosworth Field is a poem in the English language, believed to have been written before 1495; the earliest extant copy dates from the mid-17th century. The poem is thought to have been written by someone closely connected with the Stanley family, because of the way it praises the Stanley brothers for their role in the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485. ## Nicholas Gaynesford Nicholas Gainsford, also written Gaynesford or Gaynesforde, (about 1427–1498) of Carshalton, Surrey, of an armigerous gentry family established at Crowhurst, was a Justice of the Peace, several times Member of Parliament and High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, Constable and Keeper of Odiham Castle and Park, Hampshire, who served in the royal households from around 1461 until his death in 1498. Rising to high office during the reign of Henry VI, he was an Usher to the Chamber of Edward IV and, by 1476, to his queen Elizabeth Woodville. Closely within the sphere of Woodville patronage, he was a favourer of Edward V, and was a leader in the Kentish rising of 1483 against Richard III. He was attainted in 1483, but was soon afterwards pardoned, and fully regained his position and estate as Esquire to Henry VII and Elizabeth of York after the Battle of Bosworth Field. He established the Carshalton branch of the Gainsford family. ## Hugh Conway (Lord Treasurer) Sir Hugh Conway was created Lord Treasurer of Ireland in 1494 by King Henry VII of England. He replaced Sir James Ormonde as Lord Treasurer of Ireland. In 1504 he was appointed Treasurer of Calais by Henry VII ( Cal. Pat. Rolls Henry VIII, vol. ii, 365). Hugh Conway was an early supporter of Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond (later Henry VII), was sent by Margaret Beaufort, Henry's mother to Henry, in exile in France, in 1483 with a large sum of money and encouragement to invade England through Wales and seize the crown from Richard III. Henry did so in 1485 and Richard was killed at the Battle of Bosworth, where Hugh was present. Hugh was appointed Keeper of the Great Wardrobe by King Henry VII on 21 September 1485, was knighted in January 1486 at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth of York, daughter of King Edward IV, and married Elizabeth Courtenay, daughter of Sir Thomas Courtenay, Earl of Devon, in 1490. Sir Hugh Conway was appointed Sheriff of Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire by Henry VII in 1500. Sir Hugh was a son of John ‘ Aer Conwy Hen ’ of Bodrhyddan Hall and Constable of Rhuddlan Castle, Flintshire, Wales, by his first marriage, and descended from the ancient line of Conway (Conwy = Wales) and de Crevecouer (The Journal Of The Flintshire Historical Society (Appendix D: Conwy Pedigree (British Museum Harleian MS 1971))). Sir Hugh's younger half-brother was Edward Conway who married the heiress of Arrow and Alcester, Warwickshire, and was great-grandfather to Edward Conway, 1st Viscount Conway of Ragley Hall, ancestor of the present family of Seymour Conways, Marquis of Hertford. ## Ricardian (Richard III) Ricardians are people interested in altering the posthumous reputation of Richard III, King of England (reigned 1483–1485). Richard III has long been portrayed unfavourably, most notably in William Shakespeare's play "Richard III", in which Richard is portrayed as having murdered his nephew, the crown prince of England, a 12 year old child at the time, in order to secure the English throne for himself. Ricardians have worked in an effort to turn this around and to paint this portrayal, and the many other related assertions that followed, as most probably false politically motivated accusations. ## Dominic Mancini Dominic Mancini was an Italian who visited England in 1482-3. He witnessed the events leading up to Richard III being offered the English crown. He left in 1483 and wrote a report of what he had witnessed. He called it: "De Occupatione Regni Anglie per Riccardum Tercium" ("The Occupation of the Throne of England by Richard III"). The account is a major source of information about the period, but it sat unread in a French library until rediscovered in 1934. ## Battle of Bosworth Field The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that raged across England in the latter half of the 15th century. Fought on 22 August 1485, the battle was won by the Lancastrians. Their leader Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, by his victory became the first English monarch of the Tudor dynasty. His opponent, Richard III, the last king of the House of York, was killed in the battle. Historians consider Bosworth Field to mark the end of the Plantagenet dynasty, making it a defining moment of English and Welsh history. ## James Harrington (Yorkist knight) Sir James Harrington, KB, MP of Hornby (?1430 – 22 August 1485) was a prominent supporter of the House of York in Northern England during the Wars of the Roses, having been retained by Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, who was brother-in-law to the head of the House of York, Richard of York. He was second son of Sir Thomas Harrington, who had died with the king's father at the Battle of Wakefield in December 1460. James himself had fought with Salisbury at the Battle of Blore Heath in 1459, where he had been captured and imprisoned by the Lancastrians until the next year. He was a significant regional figure during the reign of King Edward IV, although the early years of the new king's reign were mared by a bitter feud between him and the Stanley family over a castle in Lancashire. On the accession of King Richard III in 1485, he was appointed to the new king's Household, and as such was almost certainly with him at Battle of Bosworth two years later. It is likely that he fell in battle there, although precise details of his death are now unknown. ## The Black Adder The Black Adder is the first series of the BBC sitcom "Blackadder", written by Richard Curtis and Rowan Atkinson, directed by Martin Shardlow and produced by John Lloyd. The series was originally aired on BBC One from 15 June 1983 to 20 July 1983, and was a joint production with the Australian Seven Network. Set in 1485 at the end of the British Middle Ages, the series is written as a secret history which contends that King Richard III won the Battle of Bosworth Field, only to be unintentionally assassinated by his nephew Edmund and succeeded by Richard IV, one of the Princes in the Tower. The series follows the exploits of Richard IV's unfavoured second son Edmund (who calls himself "The Black Adder") in his various attempts to increase his standing with his father and, in the final episode, his quest to overthrow him. ## Thomas Arundell (1454–1485) Sir Thomas Arundell (1454–1485) was an English nobleman. He was made a Knight of the Bath at the Coronation of Richard III in 1483. Two years later, when Richard III was defeated at the Battle of Bosworth (1485), he was attainted for rebelling against the King. Arundell then gave his support to Henry Tudor in his claim to the throne. His marriage to the heiress, Katherine Dynham, brought great wealth to the Arundell family. She was one of the four sisters and coheirs of John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham. Question: Dominic Mancini, was an Italian who visited England, in 1482-3, he wrote a report, and called it, The Occupation of the Throne of England by Richard III, was a King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485, at the age of what number, in the Battle of Bosworth Field? Answer: ### Response: 32

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## The Devil (TV series) The Devil () is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Uhm Tae-woong, Ju Ji-hoon, and Shin Min-a. It aired on KBS2 from March 21 to May 24, 2007 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## Shin Min-a Shin Min-a (born Yang Min-a on April 5, 1984) is a South Korean model and actress. She is best known for starring in television dramas "A Love to Kill" (2005), "My Girlfriend Is a Nine-Tailed Fox" (2010), "Arang and the Magistrate" (2012), "Oh My Venus" (2015), and "Tomorrow With You" (2017). ## Bad Love (TV series) Bad Love () is a 2007 South Korean television drama series starring Kwon Sang-woo, Lee Yo-won, and Kim Sung-soo. It aired on KBS2 from December 3, 2007 to February 5, 2008 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## Hello! Miss Hello! Miss (; also known as Hello! My Lady) is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Lee Da-hae, Lee Ji-hoon, Ha Seok-jin and Yeon Mi-joo. Based on Lee Ji-wan's novel "Five Kimchi Mandu", the series aired on KBS2 from March 19 to May 8, 2007 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. ## The King 2 Hearts The King 2 Hearts () is a 2012 South Korean television series, starring Ha Ji-won and Lee Seung-gi in the leading roles. It is about a South Korean crown prince who falls in love with a North Korean special agent. The series aired on MBC from March 21 to May 24, 2012 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## A Happy Woman A Happy Woman (; also known as Blissful Woman) is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Yoon Jung-hee, Kim Suk-hoon and Jung Gyu-woon. It aired on KBS2 from January 6 to July 21, 2007 on Saturdays and Sundays at 19:55 for 58 episodes. ## Man from the Equator Man from the Equator (; also known as The Equator Man) is a 2012 South Korean television series, starring Uhm Tae-woong, Lee Joon-hyuk, Lee Bo-young and Im Jung-eun. A tense, emotionally charged tale of brotherhood and betrayal, it follows two best friends with a tragic, twisted history that follows them from youth to adulthood. It aired on KBS2 from March 21 to May 24, 2012 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## H.I.T (TV series) H.I.T (), also known as Homicide Investigation Team, is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Go Hyun-jung, Ha Jung-woo, Kim Jung-min, and Yoon Ji-min. It aired on MBC from March 19 to May 22, 2007 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. A police procedural crime drama that integrated crime scene analysis with action, suspense, and romance, "H.I.T" represented a departure from the usual Korean drama subjects of love and relationships. ## Thank You (TV series) Thank You () is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Jang Hyuk, Gong Hyo-jin, Seo Shin-ae, Shin Sung-rok and Shin Goo. It aired on MBC from March 21 to May 10, 2007 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. ## I Am Sam (TV series) I am Sam () is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Yang Dong-geun, Park Min-young, Park Jun-gyu, Son Tae-young, and T.O.P in his acting debut. It aired on KBS2 from August 6 to October 2, 2007, on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. Based on the Japanese comic series "Kyōkasho ni Nai!" (in English, "Not in a Textbook!" or "Very Private Lesson"), Yang plays a geeky, straight-arrowed, under-qualified high school teacher who becomes a live-in tutor for the troublemaking daughter of a notorious gangster, in exchange for one million won. Question: What actor best known for starring in the television drama "A Love to Kill", starred in a 2007 South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from March 21 to May 24, 2007 ? Answer:

Shin Min-a

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## The Devil (TV series) The Devil () is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Uhm Tae-woong, Ju Ji-hoon, and Shin Min-a. It aired on KBS2 from March 21 to May 24, 2007 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## Shin Min-a Shin Min-a (born Yang Min-a on April 5, 1984) is a South Korean model and actress. She is best known for starring in television dramas "A Love to Kill" (2005), "My Girlfriend Is a Nine-Tailed Fox" (2010), "Arang and the Magistrate" (2012), "Oh My Venus" (2015), and "Tomorrow With You" (2017). ## Bad Love (TV series) Bad Love () is a 2007 South Korean television drama series starring Kwon Sang-woo, Lee Yo-won, and Kim Sung-soo. It aired on KBS2 from December 3, 2007 to February 5, 2008 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## Hello! Miss Hello! Miss (; also known as Hello! My Lady) is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Lee Da-hae, Lee Ji-hoon, Ha Seok-jin and Yeon Mi-joo. Based on Lee Ji-wan's novel "Five Kimchi Mandu", the series aired on KBS2 from March 19 to May 8, 2007 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. ## The King 2 Hearts The King 2 Hearts () is a 2012 South Korean television series, starring Ha Ji-won and Lee Seung-gi in the leading roles. It is about a South Korean crown prince who falls in love with a North Korean special agent. The series aired on MBC from March 21 to May 24, 2012 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## A Happy Woman A Happy Woman (; also known as Blissful Woman) is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Yoon Jung-hee, Kim Suk-hoon and Jung Gyu-woon. It aired on KBS2 from January 6 to July 21, 2007 on Saturdays and Sundays at 19:55 for 58 episodes. ## Man from the Equator Man from the Equator (; also known as The Equator Man) is a 2012 South Korean television series, starring Uhm Tae-woong, Lee Joon-hyuk, Lee Bo-young and Im Jung-eun. A tense, emotionally charged tale of brotherhood and betrayal, it follows two best friends with a tragic, twisted history that follows them from youth to adulthood. It aired on KBS2 from March 21 to May 24, 2012 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. ## H.I.T (TV series) H.I.T (), also known as Homicide Investigation Team, is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Go Hyun-jung, Ha Jung-woo, Kim Jung-min, and Yoon Ji-min. It aired on MBC from March 19 to May 22, 2007 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes. A police procedural crime drama that integrated crime scene analysis with action, suspense, and romance, "H.I.T" represented a departure from the usual Korean drama subjects of love and relationships. ## Thank You (TV series) Thank You () is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Jang Hyuk, Gong Hyo-jin, Seo Shin-ae, Shin Sung-rok and Shin Goo. It aired on MBC from March 21 to May 10, 2007 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. ## I Am Sam (TV series) I am Sam () is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Yang Dong-geun, Park Min-young, Park Jun-gyu, Son Tae-young, and T.O.P in his acting debut. It aired on KBS2 from August 6 to October 2, 2007, on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. Based on the Japanese comic series "Kyōkasho ni Nai!" (in English, "Not in a Textbook!" or "Very Private Lesson"), Yang plays a geeky, straight-arrowed, under-qualified high school teacher who becomes a live-in tutor for the troublemaking daughter of a notorious gangster, in exchange for one million won. Question: What actor best known for starring in the television drama "A Love to Kill", starred in a 2007 South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from March 21 to May 24, 2007 ? Answer: ### Response: Shin Min-a

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Convict 99 (1919 film) Convict 99 is a British silent motion picture of 1919 produced and directed by G. B. Samuelson and starring Daisy Burrell, C. M. Hallard, Wee Georgie Wood, and Wyndham Guise. It was written by Robert Leighton and Marie Connor Leighton. ## Argumentation and Debate Argumentation and Debate was a long-running series of educational books about debating published by Macmillan from 1904 to 1969. The earliest editions were written by Craven Laycock and Robert Leighton Scales, both affiliated with Dartmouth College. They dedicated the book to colleague Charles Francis Richardson. In 1917, authorship passed to James Milton O'Neill of the University of Wisconsin who rewrote the book, feeling that while "the original text contained the clearest and most orderly explanation of the subject ever published", it "was not sufficiently thorough for college and university classes." O'Neill added discussions of related topics from logic, law, and rhetoric while retaining the preface, dedication, organization, and some language from the original editions written by Laycock and Scales. ## Robert L. Wolfe Robert L. Wolfe (July 5, 1928 – February 28, 1981) was an American film editor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing three times for "All the President's Men" (1976), "The Rose" (1979), and "On Golden Pond" (1981), respectively. Other notable films edited by Wolfe include "The Getaway" (1972), "Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid" (1973), "The Terminal Man" (1974), and "The Wind and the Lion" (1975). ## Robert Leighton (cartoonist) Robert Leighton is an American writer and artist, cartoonist, puzzle writer, illustrator, and humorist. He lives and works in New York City. His cartoons have appeared regularly in "The New Yorker" and other periodicals. In 1996, with Mike Shenk and Amy Goldstein, Leighton co-founded Puzzability, a puzzle-writing company. As part of Puzzability, Leighton has coauthored many books of puzzles, as well as puzzle-oriented Op-Ed pieces for "The New York Times". ## General Hospital cast members "General Hospital" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC. Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, the series premiered on April 1, 1963. The longest-running cast member is Leslie Charleson, who has portrayed Dr. Monica Quartermaine since August 17, 1977, also making her one of the longest-tenured actors in American soap operas. Former cast member Rachel Ames was previously the series' longest-running cast member, portraying Audrey Hardy from 1964 to 2007, and making guest appearances in 2009 and 2013, the latter for the series' fiftieth anniversary. Ames made a special appearance on October 30, 2015. Actors Genie Francis and Kin Shriner, who portray Laura Spencer and Scott Baldwin, are the second and third longest-running cast members, having joined "General Hospital" in February and August 1977, respectively. Actress Jacklyn Zeman — who portrays Bobbie Spencer — is the fourth longest-running cast member, joining the serial in December 1977. Actress Jane Elliot, who joined the serial in June 1978 as Tracy Quartermaine, is the fifth longest-running cast member, joining "General Hospital" in June 1978 until her departure in May 2017. Former cast member Anthony Geary, who portrayed Luke Spencer, was the sixth longest-running cast member, having joined "General Hospital" in November 1978. The following list is of cast members who are currently on the show: the main and recurring cast members, or those who are debuting, departing or returning to the series. ## George Tomasini George Tomasini (April 20, 1909 – November 22, 1964) was an American film editor, born in Springfield, Massachusetts who had a decade long collaboration with director Alfred Hitchcock, editing nine of his movies between 1954-1964. Tomasini edited many of Hitchcock's best-known works, such as "Rear Window" (1954), "Vertigo" (1958), "North by Northwest" (1959), "Psycho" (1960), and "The Birds" (1963), as well as other well-received films such as "Cape Fear" (1962). On a 2012 listing of the 75 best edited films of all time, compiled by the Motion Picture Editors Guild based on a survey of its members, four films edited by Tomasini for Hitchcock appear. No other editor appeared more than three times on this listing. The listed films were "Psycho", "Vertigo", "Rear Window", and "North by Northwest". ## Robert L. Stuart Robert Leighton Stuart (1806-1882), with his brother Alexander (1810-1879), owned the New York sugar refining business of "R. L. & A. Stuart". They were philanthropists who donated most of their money to charitable causes. Robert was one of the founders of the American Museum of Natural History and president from 1872 until 1881. ## Leighton Library The Leighton Library, or Bibliotheca Leightoniana, in The Cross, Dunblane, is the oldest purpose built library in Scotland. Its collection of around 4000 volumes and 78 manuscripts from the 16th to 19th century is founded on the personal collection of Robert Leighton (1611–1684), bishop of Dunblane and archbishop of Glasgow, who had left the books to Dunblane Cathedral. ## Rob Reiner Robert Reiner (born March 6, 1947) is an American actor, writer, director, producer, and activist. As an actor, Reiner first came to national prominence with the role of Michael Stivic on "All in the Family" (1971–79). That role earned him two Emmy Awards during the 1970s. As a director, Reiner was recognized by the Directors Guild of America (DGA) with nominations for the coming of age comedy-drama film "Stand by Me" (1986), the romantic comedy "When Harry Met Sally..." (1989), and the military courtroom drama "A Few Good Men" (1992). He also directed the psychological horror-thriller "Misery" (1990), the romantic comedy fantasy adventure "The Princess Bride" (1987) and the heavy metal mockumentary "This Is Spinal Tap" (1984). ## Robert Leighton (film editor) Robert Leighton is a British film and television editor with more than 30 feature film credits since 1980. He has edited nearly all of the films by film director Rob Reiner, commencing with "This is Spinal Tap" in 1984. He has also edited three films with Christopher Guest. His work includes hit comedies and mockumentaries such as "This is Spinal Tap", "Best in Show" and "When Harry Met Sally" as well as classic dramas such as "Stand by Me" and the Stephen King thriller, "Misery", which garnered actress Kathy Bates a "Best Actress" Oscar. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for the feature film, "A Few Good Men" (1992). Question: Which cast member on "All in the Family" had nearly all of his films edited by Robert Leighton? Answer:

Rob Reiner

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Convict 99 (1919 film) Convict 99 is a British silent motion picture of 1919 produced and directed by G. B. Samuelson and starring Daisy Burrell, C. M. Hallard, Wee Georgie Wood, and Wyndham Guise. It was written by Robert Leighton and Marie Connor Leighton. ## Argumentation and Debate Argumentation and Debate was a long-running series of educational books about debating published by Macmillan from 1904 to 1969. The earliest editions were written by Craven Laycock and Robert Leighton Scales, both affiliated with Dartmouth College. They dedicated the book to colleague Charles Francis Richardson. In 1917, authorship passed to James Milton O'Neill of the University of Wisconsin who rewrote the book, feeling that while "the original text contained the clearest and most orderly explanation of the subject ever published", it "was not sufficiently thorough for college and university classes." O'Neill added discussions of related topics from logic, law, and rhetoric while retaining the preface, dedication, organization, and some language from the original editions written by Laycock and Scales. ## Robert L. Wolfe Robert L. Wolfe (July 5, 1928 – February 28, 1981) was an American film editor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing three times for "All the President's Men" (1976), "The Rose" (1979), and "On Golden Pond" (1981), respectively. Other notable films edited by Wolfe include "The Getaway" (1972), "Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid" (1973), "The Terminal Man" (1974), and "The Wind and the Lion" (1975). ## Robert Leighton (cartoonist) Robert Leighton is an American writer and artist, cartoonist, puzzle writer, illustrator, and humorist. He lives and works in New York City. His cartoons have appeared regularly in "The New Yorker" and other periodicals. In 1996, with Mike Shenk and Amy Goldstein, Leighton co-founded Puzzability, a puzzle-writing company. As part of Puzzability, Leighton has coauthored many books of puzzles, as well as puzzle-oriented Op-Ed pieces for "The New York Times". ## General Hospital cast members "General Hospital" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC. Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, the series premiered on April 1, 1963. The longest-running cast member is Leslie Charleson, who has portrayed Dr. Monica Quartermaine since August 17, 1977, also making her one of the longest-tenured actors in American soap operas. Former cast member Rachel Ames was previously the series' longest-running cast member, portraying Audrey Hardy from 1964 to 2007, and making guest appearances in 2009 and 2013, the latter for the series' fiftieth anniversary. Ames made a special appearance on October 30, 2015. Actors Genie Francis and Kin Shriner, who portray Laura Spencer and Scott Baldwin, are the second and third longest-running cast members, having joined "General Hospital" in February and August 1977, respectively. Actress Jacklyn Zeman — who portrays Bobbie Spencer — is the fourth longest-running cast member, joining the serial in December 1977. Actress Jane Elliot, who joined the serial in June 1978 as Tracy Quartermaine, is the fifth longest-running cast member, joining "General Hospital" in June 1978 until her departure in May 2017. Former cast member Anthony Geary, who portrayed Luke Spencer, was the sixth longest-running cast member, having joined "General Hospital" in November 1978. The following list is of cast members who are currently on the show: the main and recurring cast members, or those who are debuting, departing or returning to the series. ## George Tomasini George Tomasini (April 20, 1909 – November 22, 1964) was an American film editor, born in Springfield, Massachusetts who had a decade long collaboration with director Alfred Hitchcock, editing nine of his movies between 1954-1964. Tomasini edited many of Hitchcock's best-known works, such as "Rear Window" (1954), "Vertigo" (1958), "North by Northwest" (1959), "Psycho" (1960), and "The Birds" (1963), as well as other well-received films such as "Cape Fear" (1962). On a 2012 listing of the 75 best edited films of all time, compiled by the Motion Picture Editors Guild based on a survey of its members, four films edited by Tomasini for Hitchcock appear. No other editor appeared more than three times on this listing. The listed films were "Psycho", "Vertigo", "Rear Window", and "North by Northwest". ## Robert L. Stuart Robert Leighton Stuart (1806-1882), with his brother Alexander (1810-1879), owned the New York sugar refining business of "R. L. & A. Stuart". They were philanthropists who donated most of their money to charitable causes. Robert was one of the founders of the American Museum of Natural History and president from 1872 until 1881. ## Leighton Library The Leighton Library, or Bibliotheca Leightoniana, in The Cross, Dunblane, is the oldest purpose built library in Scotland. Its collection of around 4000 volumes and 78 manuscripts from the 16th to 19th century is founded on the personal collection of Robert Leighton (1611–1684), bishop of Dunblane and archbishop of Glasgow, who had left the books to Dunblane Cathedral. ## Rob Reiner Robert Reiner (born March 6, 1947) is an American actor, writer, director, producer, and activist. As an actor, Reiner first came to national prominence with the role of Michael Stivic on "All in the Family" (1971–79). That role earned him two Emmy Awards during the 1970s. As a director, Reiner was recognized by the Directors Guild of America (DGA) with nominations for the coming of age comedy-drama film "Stand by Me" (1986), the romantic comedy "When Harry Met Sally..." (1989), and the military courtroom drama "A Few Good Men" (1992). He also directed the psychological horror-thriller "Misery" (1990), the romantic comedy fantasy adventure "The Princess Bride" (1987) and the heavy metal mockumentary "This Is Spinal Tap" (1984). ## Robert Leighton (film editor) Robert Leighton is a British film and television editor with more than 30 feature film credits since 1980. He has edited nearly all of the films by film director Rob Reiner, commencing with "This is Spinal Tap" in 1984. He has also edited three films with Christopher Guest. His work includes hit comedies and mockumentaries such as "This is Spinal Tap", "Best in Show" and "When Harry Met Sally" as well as classic dramas such as "Stand by Me" and the Stephen King thriller, "Misery", which garnered actress Kathy Bates a "Best Actress" Oscar. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for the feature film, "A Few Good Men" (1992). Question: Which cast member on "All in the Family" had nearly all of his films edited by Robert Leighton? Answer: ### Response: Rob Reiner

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## 2012 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2012 Ron Evans Medal will be awarded to one of the 23 nominees. The 2012 award was won by Daniel Talia of the Adelaide Football Club. ## Jaeger O'Meara Jaeger O'Meara (born 23 February 1994) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Gold Coast Football Club between 2013 and 2016. O'Meara won the AFL Rising Star award in his first season in 2013. ## 2008 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2008 Ron Evans medal was given to Rhys Palmer from the Fremantle Football Club. ## 2009 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2009 Ron Evans medal was won by Brisbane Lions player Daniel Rich. ## 2017 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. Andrew McGrath of Essendon was the winner with 51 votes ahead of Ryan Burton of Hawthorn who received 41. ## AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a standout young player in the Australian Football League (AFL). The first award was made in 1993. Since 2007, the winner has been presented with the Ron Evans Medal. It was originally known as the Norwich Rising Star award due to sponsorship reasons from 1993 to 1999, Ansett sponsored the award in 2000 and 2001 and the National Australia Bank (NAB) has been the major sponsor since 2002. ## 2011 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2011 award was won by Dyson Heppell of the Essendon Football Club, who received the Ron Evans Medal. ## 2013 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The winner for 2013 was Jaeger O'Meara. ## 2014 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2014 winner was Lewis Taylor. Taylor polled one more vote than Marcus Bontempelli, making it the closest ever count. ## 2016 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. Callum Mills of Sydney was the winner with 49 votes ahead of Western Bulldogs ' Caleb Daniel who received 41. Question: The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League, the winner for 2013 was Jaeger O'Meara, a professional Australian rules footballer playing for which sports team? Answer:

Hawthorn Football Club

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## 2012 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2012 Ron Evans Medal will be awarded to one of the 23 nominees. The 2012 award was won by Daniel Talia of the Adelaide Football Club. ## Jaeger O'Meara Jaeger O'Meara (born 23 February 1994) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Gold Coast Football Club between 2013 and 2016. O'Meara won the AFL Rising Star award in his first season in 2013. ## 2008 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2008 Ron Evans medal was given to Rhys Palmer from the Fremantle Football Club. ## 2009 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2009 Ron Evans medal was won by Brisbane Lions player Daniel Rich. ## 2017 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. Andrew McGrath of Essendon was the winner with 51 votes ahead of Ryan Burton of Hawthorn who received 41. ## AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a standout young player in the Australian Football League (AFL). The first award was made in 1993. Since 2007, the winner has been presented with the Ron Evans Medal. It was originally known as the Norwich Rising Star award due to sponsorship reasons from 1993 to 1999, Ansett sponsored the award in 2000 and 2001 and the National Australia Bank (NAB) has been the major sponsor since 2002. ## 2011 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2011 award was won by Dyson Heppell of the Essendon Football Club, who received the Ron Evans Medal. ## 2013 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The winner for 2013 was Jaeger O'Meara. ## 2014 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2014 winner was Lewis Taylor. Taylor polled one more vote than Marcus Bontempelli, making it the closest ever count. ## 2016 AFL Rising Star The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. Callum Mills of Sydney was the winner with 49 votes ahead of Western Bulldogs ' Caleb Daniel who received 41. Question: The NAB AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League, the winner for 2013 was Jaeger O'Meara, a professional Australian rules footballer playing for which sports team? Answer: ### Response: Hawthorn Football Club

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Our Song (Taylor Swift song) "Our Song" is a country song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on September 9, 2007 by Big Machine Records as the third single from Swift's eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). Swift solely composed "Our Song" for the talent show of her freshman year in high school, about a boyfriend who she did not have a song with. It was included on "Taylor Swift" as she recalled its popularity with her classmates. The uptempo track is musically driven mainly by banjo and lyrically describes a young couple who use the events in their lives in place of a regular song. ## 2015 MTV Video Music Awards The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards were held on August 30, 2015. The 32nd installment of the event was held at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California, and hosted by Miley Cyrus. Taylor Swift led the nominations with a total of ten, followed by Ed Sheeran, who had six., bringing his total number of mentions to 13. Swift's "Wildest Dreams" music video premiered during the pre-show. Cyrus also announced and released her studio album "Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz", right after her performance at the end of the show. During his acceptance speech, Kanye West announced that he would be running for the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election. Taylor Swift won the most awards with four, including Video of the Year and Best Female Video. The VMA trophies were redesigned by Jeremy Scott. ## Picture to Burn "Picture to Burn" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It was co-written by Swift and Liz Rose, and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on February 3, 2008 by Big Machine Records as the fourth single from Swift's eponymous studio album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). It was inspired by the narcissistic and cocky nature of her former high school classmate and ex-boyfriend Jordan Alford with whom Swift never established a formal relationship. In retrospect, Swift has stated that she has evolved on a personal level and as a songwriter, claiming she processed emotions differently since "Picture to Burn". The song was chosen as a single based on the audience's reaction to it in concert. Musically, the track is of the country rock genre with prominent usage of guitar, banjo, and drums. The lyrics concern setting fire to photographs of a former boyfriend. ## Fearless (Taylor Swift song) "Fearless" is a country pop song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift in collaboration with Liz Rose and Hillary Lindsey and produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. "Fearless" was released on January 3, 2010 by Big Machine Records as the fifth and final single from Swift's second studio album of the same name (2008). Swift composed the song while traveling on tour to promote her eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). She wrote "Fearless" in regard to the fearlessness of falling in love and eventually titled her second studio album after the song. Musically, it contains qualities commonly found in country pop music and, lyrically, is about a perfect first date. ## The Story of Us (song) "The Story of Us" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her third studio album, "Speak Now" (2010). Produced by Swift alongside Nathan Chapman, the song was sent to mainstream radio in the United States on April 19, 2011, as the fourth single from "Speak Now". Swift composed "The Story of Us" regarding the time when she encountered an ex-boyfriend of hers at the 2010 CMT Music Awards. At the event, the two attempted to ignore each other, which inspired Swift to compose the song. ## Back to December "Back to December" is a song written and recorded by American singer/songwriter Taylor Swift for her third studio album "Speak Now" (2010). The song was sent to country radio in the United States on November 15, 2010, as the second single from "Speak Now". According to Swift, "Back to December" is the first time she ever apologizes to someone in a song. Critics speculate that the song is about Taylor Lautner, Swift's ex-boyfriend, which was later acknowledged by Lautner. "Back to December" is considered an orchestral country pop ballad and its lyrics are a remorseful plea for forgiveness for breaking up with a former lover. ## Nina Girado videography Filipina singer Nina has released five video albums and appeared in forty-five music videos, three films and twelve television shows. After signing a record deal with Warner Music Philippines, Nina released her first single, "Heaven," in 2002. Its music video was inspired by the cover art of her debut album of the same name where she is dancing in front of the camera while animations appear in the background. In 2003, the music videos for "Jealous" and "Foolish Heart" gained popularity in the Philippines, topping various music video charts in the country. "Jealous" featured actors Cedric Carreon and Angel Jacob, playing the roles of ex-boyfriend and other girl in the music video. It won Favorite New Artist in a Video at the 2003 MTV Pilipinas Music Award. The music video for "Loving You" depicts Nina on a journey in a fantasy world to find her dream guy. All music videos from the album "Heaven" (2002) were directed by Avid Liongoren, except "Foolish Heart." "A Girl Can Dream," the second single from her second studio album "Smile" (2003) featured singer Christian Bautista as her love interest in a school-themed music video. In 2004, Nina appeared in a cameo appearance for the comedy film "Masikip sa Dibdib." ## You're Not Sorry "You're Not Sorry" is a country rock song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was solely written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. It was released on October 28, 2008 by Big Machine Records as a promotional single from Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" on iTunes, though it is no longer available. A remix version for the television episode of "" in which Swift made an appearance was later released. Swift wrote "You're Not Sorry", inspired by an ex-boyfriend who was revealed to be opposite of what he appeared to be. The song is a power ballad with country and rock music influences. ## Teardrops on My Guitar "Teardrops on My Guitar" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift, alongside Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. "Teardrops on My Guitar" was released on February 19, 2007 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's eponymous debut album (2006). The song was later included on the international release of Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), and released as the second pop single from the album in the United Kingdom. It was inspired by Swift's experience with Drew Hardwick, a classmate of hers for whom she had feelings. He was completely unaware and continually spoke about his girlfriend to Swift, something she pretended to be endeared by. Years afterwards, Hardwick appeared at Swift's house, but Swift rejected him. Musically, the track is soft and is primarily guided by a gentle acoustic guitar. Critics have queried the song's classification as country music, with those in agreement (such as Grady Smith of "Rolling Stone") citing the themes and narrative style as country-influenced and those opposed (such as Roger Holland of "PopMatters") indicating the pop music production and instrumentation lack traditional country elements. ## Taylor Swift videography American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift has released four video albums and has appeared in thirty-eight music videos, five films and three television shows. From her eponymous debut album (2006), she released music videos for the singles "Tim McGraw", "Teardrops on My Guitar", "Our Song", and "Picture to Burn", all directed by Trey Fanjoy and released from 2006–08. For the second of these, she earned an MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist nomination. She followed with three other music videos in 2008—"Beautiful Eyes" from her extended play of the same name, "Change" from the "AT&T Team USA Soundtrack" and "Love Story" from her second album "Fearless" (2008). The latter was nominated for two awards at the 2009 CMT Music Awards—Video of the Year and Female Video of the Year. For the video of "You Belong with Me" she won Best Female Video at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards. During her acceptance speech, she was interrupted by rapper Kanye West, which sparked controversy and received much media attention. Question: Who directed the music video for Taylor Swift's song inspired by a narcissistic and cocky ex-boyfriend? Answer:

Trey Fanjoy

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Our Song (Taylor Swift song) "Our Song" is a country song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on September 9, 2007 by Big Machine Records as the third single from Swift's eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). Swift solely composed "Our Song" for the talent show of her freshman year in high school, about a boyfriend who she did not have a song with. It was included on "Taylor Swift" as she recalled its popularity with her classmates. The uptempo track is musically driven mainly by banjo and lyrically describes a young couple who use the events in their lives in place of a regular song. ## 2015 MTV Video Music Awards The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards were held on August 30, 2015. The 32nd installment of the event was held at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California, and hosted by Miley Cyrus. Taylor Swift led the nominations with a total of ten, followed by Ed Sheeran, who had six., bringing his total number of mentions to 13. Swift's "Wildest Dreams" music video premiered during the pre-show. Cyrus also announced and released her studio album "Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz", right after her performance at the end of the show. During his acceptance speech, Kanye West announced that he would be running for the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election. Taylor Swift won the most awards with four, including Video of the Year and Best Female Video. The VMA trophies were redesigned by Jeremy Scott. ## Picture to Burn "Picture to Burn" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It was co-written by Swift and Liz Rose, and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on February 3, 2008 by Big Machine Records as the fourth single from Swift's eponymous studio album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). It was inspired by the narcissistic and cocky nature of her former high school classmate and ex-boyfriend Jordan Alford with whom Swift never established a formal relationship. In retrospect, Swift has stated that she has evolved on a personal level and as a songwriter, claiming she processed emotions differently since "Picture to Burn". The song was chosen as a single based on the audience's reaction to it in concert. Musically, the track is of the country rock genre with prominent usage of guitar, banjo, and drums. The lyrics concern setting fire to photographs of a former boyfriend. ## Fearless (Taylor Swift song) "Fearless" is a country pop song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift in collaboration with Liz Rose and Hillary Lindsey and produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. "Fearless" was released on January 3, 2010 by Big Machine Records as the fifth and final single from Swift's second studio album of the same name (2008). Swift composed the song while traveling on tour to promote her eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). She wrote "Fearless" in regard to the fearlessness of falling in love and eventually titled her second studio album after the song. Musically, it contains qualities commonly found in country pop music and, lyrically, is about a perfect first date. ## The Story of Us (song) "The Story of Us" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her third studio album, "Speak Now" (2010). Produced by Swift alongside Nathan Chapman, the song was sent to mainstream radio in the United States on April 19, 2011, as the fourth single from "Speak Now". Swift composed "The Story of Us" regarding the time when she encountered an ex-boyfriend of hers at the 2010 CMT Music Awards. At the event, the two attempted to ignore each other, which inspired Swift to compose the song. ## Back to December "Back to December" is a song written and recorded by American singer/songwriter Taylor Swift for her third studio album "Speak Now" (2010). The song was sent to country radio in the United States on November 15, 2010, as the second single from "Speak Now". According to Swift, "Back to December" is the first time she ever apologizes to someone in a song. Critics speculate that the song is about Taylor Lautner, Swift's ex-boyfriend, which was later acknowledged by Lautner. "Back to December" is considered an orchestral country pop ballad and its lyrics are a remorseful plea for forgiveness for breaking up with a former lover. ## Nina Girado videography Filipina singer Nina has released five video albums and appeared in forty-five music videos, three films and twelve television shows. After signing a record deal with Warner Music Philippines, Nina released her first single, "Heaven," in 2002. Its music video was inspired by the cover art of her debut album of the same name where she is dancing in front of the camera while animations appear in the background. In 2003, the music videos for "Jealous" and "Foolish Heart" gained popularity in the Philippines, topping various music video charts in the country. "Jealous" featured actors Cedric Carreon and Angel Jacob, playing the roles of ex-boyfriend and other girl in the music video. It won Favorite New Artist in a Video at the 2003 MTV Pilipinas Music Award. The music video for "Loving You" depicts Nina on a journey in a fantasy world to find her dream guy. All music videos from the album "Heaven" (2002) were directed by Avid Liongoren, except "Foolish Heart." "A Girl Can Dream," the second single from her second studio album "Smile" (2003) featured singer Christian Bautista as her love interest in a school-themed music video. In 2004, Nina appeared in a cameo appearance for the comedy film "Masikip sa Dibdib." ## You're Not Sorry "You're Not Sorry" is a country rock song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was solely written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. It was released on October 28, 2008 by Big Machine Records as a promotional single from Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" on iTunes, though it is no longer available. A remix version for the television episode of "" in which Swift made an appearance was later released. Swift wrote "You're Not Sorry", inspired by an ex-boyfriend who was revealed to be opposite of what he appeared to be. The song is a power ballad with country and rock music influences. ## Teardrops on My Guitar "Teardrops on My Guitar" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift, alongside Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. "Teardrops on My Guitar" was released on February 19, 2007 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's eponymous debut album (2006). The song was later included on the international release of Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), and released as the second pop single from the album in the United Kingdom. It was inspired by Swift's experience with Drew Hardwick, a classmate of hers for whom she had feelings. He was completely unaware and continually spoke about his girlfriend to Swift, something she pretended to be endeared by. Years afterwards, Hardwick appeared at Swift's house, but Swift rejected him. Musically, the track is soft and is primarily guided by a gentle acoustic guitar. Critics have queried the song's classification as country music, with those in agreement (such as Grady Smith of "Rolling Stone") citing the themes and narrative style as country-influenced and those opposed (such as Roger Holland of "PopMatters") indicating the pop music production and instrumentation lack traditional country elements. ## Taylor Swift videography American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift has released four video albums and has appeared in thirty-eight music videos, five films and three television shows. From her eponymous debut album (2006), she released music videos for the singles "Tim McGraw", "Teardrops on My Guitar", "Our Song", and "Picture to Burn", all directed by Trey Fanjoy and released from 2006–08. For the second of these, she earned an MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist nomination. She followed with three other music videos in 2008—"Beautiful Eyes" from her extended play of the same name, "Change" from the "AT&T Team USA Soundtrack" and "Love Story" from her second album "Fearless" (2008). The latter was nominated for two awards at the 2009 CMT Music Awards—Video of the Year and Female Video of the Year. For the video of "You Belong with Me" she won Best Female Video at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards. During her acceptance speech, she was interrupted by rapper Kanye West, which sparked controversy and received much media attention. Question: Who directed the music video for Taylor Swift's song inspired by a narcissistic and cocky ex-boyfriend? Answer: ### Response: Trey Fanjoy

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Bank Menatep Bank "MENATEP", Bank "MENATEP SPb" (Russian: Банк "МЕНАТЕП Санкт-Петербург" / Банк «МЕНАТЕП СПб») and "Group Menatep Limited" were financial companies, created by Russian businessman Mikhail Khodorkovsky. The companies were involved in a huge money laundering scandal that unfolded from the mid 1990s onwards. "Group Menatep Limited", the US$29 billion holding company that had indirect controlling interest in Yukos Oil Company, was later renamed, and now still exists as holding company GML with Leonid Nevzlin as principal shareholder holding a stake of around 70 percent. The other four ultimate beneficial owners who own an equal stake each are Platon Lebedev, Mikhail Brudno, Vladimir Dubov and Vasily Shakhnovsky. ## Bennigan's Bennigan's is an Irish pub-themed casual dining restaurant chain founded in 1976 in Atlanta by restaurateur Norman E. Brinker as one of America's original casual dining concepts. The chain operated under the restaurant division of Pillsbury for most of its history, until Pillsbury was bought out by the British liquor conglomerate Grand Metropolitan Known. Due to laws preventing liquor manufacturers from also operating liquor sellers, the chain was sold to Texas-based Metromedia restaurants, until the company filed for bankruptcy in 2008. The chain then went through a series of restructuring and ownership changes until it was purchased by Legendary Restaurant Brands, LLC in 2015. The company is now operating out of Dallas, Texas. ## Kalyan Jewellers Kalyan Jewellers is an Indian jewellery store chain owned by the Kalyan Group. It was founded by T. S. Kalyanaraman, who started the first jewellery shop in 1993 in Thrissur, Kerala, India (the company's current headquarters) with a capital of million () and has since grown to become the largest jewellery store chain in India. With approximately 8000 employees, the chain has 79 showrooms across India. Bloomberg has valued Kalyan Jewellers at about $1 billion in January, 2013. Global Private Equity Fund Warburg Pincus made an investment of $200 Million (INR 1200 Cr) in Kalyan Jewellers in October, 2014. ## Kalyan Developers Kalyan Group was started in 1909 by T.S Kalyanrama Iyer with a textile mill in Thrissur city. T.S. Kalyanaraman, was born in Thrissur district. He learned business from his father, he is also helping his father in his shop. After that he joined Sree Kerala Varma College, and select commerce as his major subject. In 1993 he started his own jewellery shop named Kalyan Jewellers in Thrissur with a capital of Rs 7.5 million. After that he expanded the business to 32+ showrooms all over South India. ## Syrian-Qatari Holding Company The Syrian-Qatari Holding Company (SQHC) is a holding company founded in 2008 and based in Damascus that is equally owned by the governments of Syria and Qatar. With a declared capital of USD 5 billion it is Syria's largest holding company. The company has invested or plans to invest, among others, in power generation, agriculture, dairy and juice manufacturing, phosphate fertilizers, health care, real estate, financial services and fuel distribution. In October 2009 it signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Syrian Ministry of Housing and Construction to invest in wastewater treatment. Qatar’s shares are held by Qatar Investment Authority. ## Media Group Ukraine Media Group Ukraine (Ukrainian: Медіа Група «Україна» ) is a media holding company that manages System Capital Management Group's television and new media projects. The holding company is a professional investor in Ukrainian media business. Media Group Ukraine is one of the largest media holding companies in Ukraine. ## T. S. Kalyanaraman T. S. Kalyanaraman (born 1951) is an Indian businessman best known as the chairman and managing director of Kalyan Jewellers and Kalyan Developers. Kalyan Group is the holding company of Kalyan Jewellers. ## Kalyan Group Kalyan Group is a holding company for the brands of Kalyan Silks, Kalyan Matrimony, Kalyan Jewellers, Kalyan Developers, Kalyan Sarees and Kalyan Collections. It is headquartered in Thrissur, Kerala, India. Kalyan Silks have four showrooms in Thrissur, and one each in Cochin, Palakkad, Kozhikode, Kannur and Kottayam, Dubai, Bangalore, Thiruvalla, Sharjah, and Muscat and Kalyan Sarees have showrooms in Coimbatore, Thrissur, Calicut, Thiruvananthapuram and Kannur. ## CIR Group CIR Group ("Compagnie Industriali Riunite") is an Italian holding company listed on the stock exchange which is 46% controlled by COFIDE of the De Benedetti family. The company was founded in 1976, when Carlo De Benedetti acquired the company Concerie Italiane Riunite, a Turin based tanning company, from its historic owner the Bocca family and transformed it into an industrial holding company. The company was then renamed Compagnie Industriali Riunite. Chief Executive of CIR for almost twenty years, Rodolfo De Benedetti is now Executive Chairman of the company. Monica Mondardini is Chief Executive. ## Johnson Financial Group Johnson Financial Group, Inc is the holding company of Johnson Bank, Johnson Insurance, as well as Swiss banking company; Banque Franck, Galland & Cie. It has an estimated AUM of $4 billion and is the financial services subsidiary of the larger Johnson Family Enterprises Group of Companies. The company was founded in 1970 but wasn't incorporated until 1989 and has grown from a single bank holding company to a global organization providing a full range of financial services to businesses and individuals. Johnson Financial Group employs 1100 people and has over 40 locations in Wisconsin and Arizona. Helen Johnson-Leipold, one of Samuel Curtis Johnson Jr.'s 4 children, serves as chairman of the company. The company also had equity in Cayman Island-based TransOcean Bank & Trust, Ltd. Question: The Kalyan Group is the holding company of what chain founded by T. S. Kalyanaraman in 1993? Answer:

Kalyan Jewellers

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Bank Menatep Bank "MENATEP", Bank "MENATEP SPb" (Russian: Банк "МЕНАТЕП Санкт-Петербург" / Банк «МЕНАТЕП СПб») and "Group Menatep Limited" were financial companies, created by Russian businessman Mikhail Khodorkovsky. The companies were involved in a huge money laundering scandal that unfolded from the mid 1990s onwards. "Group Menatep Limited", the US$29 billion holding company that had indirect controlling interest in Yukos Oil Company, was later renamed, and now still exists as holding company GML with Leonid Nevzlin as principal shareholder holding a stake of around 70 percent. The other four ultimate beneficial owners who own an equal stake each are Platon Lebedev, Mikhail Brudno, Vladimir Dubov and Vasily Shakhnovsky. ## Bennigan's Bennigan's is an Irish pub-themed casual dining restaurant chain founded in 1976 in Atlanta by restaurateur Norman E. Brinker as one of America's original casual dining concepts. The chain operated under the restaurant division of Pillsbury for most of its history, until Pillsbury was bought out by the British liquor conglomerate Grand Metropolitan Known. Due to laws preventing liquor manufacturers from also operating liquor sellers, the chain was sold to Texas-based Metromedia restaurants, until the company filed for bankruptcy in 2008. The chain then went through a series of restructuring and ownership changes until it was purchased by Legendary Restaurant Brands, LLC in 2015. The company is now operating out of Dallas, Texas. ## Kalyan Jewellers Kalyan Jewellers is an Indian jewellery store chain owned by the Kalyan Group. It was founded by T. S. Kalyanaraman, who started the first jewellery shop in 1993 in Thrissur, Kerala, India (the company's current headquarters) with a capital of million () and has since grown to become the largest jewellery store chain in India. With approximately 8000 employees, the chain has 79 showrooms across India. Bloomberg has valued Kalyan Jewellers at about $1 billion in January, 2013. Global Private Equity Fund Warburg Pincus made an investment of $200 Million (INR 1200 Cr) in Kalyan Jewellers in October, 2014. ## Kalyan Developers Kalyan Group was started in 1909 by T.S Kalyanrama Iyer with a textile mill in Thrissur city. T.S. Kalyanaraman, was born in Thrissur district. He learned business from his father, he is also helping his father in his shop. After that he joined Sree Kerala Varma College, and select commerce as his major subject. In 1993 he started his own jewellery shop named Kalyan Jewellers in Thrissur with a capital of Rs 7.5 million. After that he expanded the business to 32+ showrooms all over South India. ## Syrian-Qatari Holding Company The Syrian-Qatari Holding Company (SQHC) is a holding company founded in 2008 and based in Damascus that is equally owned by the governments of Syria and Qatar. With a declared capital of USD 5 billion it is Syria's largest holding company. The company has invested or plans to invest, among others, in power generation, agriculture, dairy and juice manufacturing, phosphate fertilizers, health care, real estate, financial services and fuel distribution. In October 2009 it signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Syrian Ministry of Housing and Construction to invest in wastewater treatment. Qatar’s shares are held by Qatar Investment Authority. ## Media Group Ukraine Media Group Ukraine (Ukrainian: Медіа Група «Україна» ) is a media holding company that manages System Capital Management Group's television and new media projects. The holding company is a professional investor in Ukrainian media business. Media Group Ukraine is one of the largest media holding companies in Ukraine. ## T. S. Kalyanaraman T. S. Kalyanaraman (born 1951) is an Indian businessman best known as the chairman and managing director of Kalyan Jewellers and Kalyan Developers. Kalyan Group is the holding company of Kalyan Jewellers. ## Kalyan Group Kalyan Group is a holding company for the brands of Kalyan Silks, Kalyan Matrimony, Kalyan Jewellers, Kalyan Developers, Kalyan Sarees and Kalyan Collections. It is headquartered in Thrissur, Kerala, India. Kalyan Silks have four showrooms in Thrissur, and one each in Cochin, Palakkad, Kozhikode, Kannur and Kottayam, Dubai, Bangalore, Thiruvalla, Sharjah, and Muscat and Kalyan Sarees have showrooms in Coimbatore, Thrissur, Calicut, Thiruvananthapuram and Kannur. ## CIR Group CIR Group ("Compagnie Industriali Riunite") is an Italian holding company listed on the stock exchange which is 46% controlled by COFIDE of the De Benedetti family. The company was founded in 1976, when Carlo De Benedetti acquired the company Concerie Italiane Riunite, a Turin based tanning company, from its historic owner the Bocca family and transformed it into an industrial holding company. The company was then renamed Compagnie Industriali Riunite. Chief Executive of CIR for almost twenty years, Rodolfo De Benedetti is now Executive Chairman of the company. Monica Mondardini is Chief Executive. ## Johnson Financial Group Johnson Financial Group, Inc is the holding company of Johnson Bank, Johnson Insurance, as well as Swiss banking company; Banque Franck, Galland & Cie. It has an estimated AUM of $4 billion and is the financial services subsidiary of the larger Johnson Family Enterprises Group of Companies. The company was founded in 1970 but wasn't incorporated until 1989 and has grown from a single bank holding company to a global organization providing a full range of financial services to businesses and individuals. Johnson Financial Group employs 1100 people and has over 40 locations in Wisconsin and Arizona. Helen Johnson-Leipold, one of Samuel Curtis Johnson Jr.'s 4 children, serves as chairman of the company. The company also had equity in Cayman Island-based TransOcean Bank & Trust, Ltd. Question: The Kalyan Group is the holding company of what chain founded by T. S. Kalyanaraman in 1993? Answer: ### Response: Kalyan Jewellers

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## 2013 MLS All-Star Game The 2013 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 31, 2013, was the 18th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The game was played at Sporting Park, now known as Children's Mercy Park, in Kansas City, Kansas. ## 2010 MLS All-Star Game The 2010 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 28, 2010, was the 15th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The MLS All-Stars faced Manchester United of the English Premier League in the seventh All-Star Game that featured the league's best players facing international competition. The match was broadcast in the US on ESPN2 in English and Galavision in Spanish. ## 2012 MLS All-Star Game The 2012 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 25, 2012, was the 17th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The game was played at PPL Park, now known as Talen Energy Stadium, in Chester, Pennsylvania, the first time an all-star event was played in the Philadelphia area since the 2002 NBA All-Star Game. ## 2016 MLS All-Star Game The 2016 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, the 21st annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, took place on July 28, 2016 (7:30 p.m. EDT, 4:30 p.m. local time) at Avaya Stadium, the home of the San Jose Earthquakes. The game was televised live on ESPN and Univision in the United States, and on TSN and RDS in Canada. The game featured the MLS All-Star team playing English side Arsenal, with the match being a preseason friendly for Arsenal as part of their tour of California. ## 1996 MLS All-Star Game The 1996 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the first Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. Teams of the best players from each conference played against each other at Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, on July 14, 1996. The MLS All-Stars East won the game 3–2, with goals from Tab Ramos, Giovanni Savarese and Steve Pittman while Preki and Jason Kreis scored for the MLS All-Stars West. MLS All-Stars East midfielder Carlos Valderrama was named as the game's Most Valuable Player. Kevin Stott refereed the game, which was attended by 78,416 spectators. ## Danny Welbeck Daniel Nii Tackie Mensah Welbeck (born 26 November 1990) is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Arsenal and the England national team. He primarily plays as a forward but can also play as a winger. ## 2007 MLS All-Star Game The 2007 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the 12th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game. The 2007 MLS All-Star Game took place on July 19, 2007 between the 2007 MLS All-Stars and Celtic. ## 2011 MLS All-Star Game The 2011 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 27, 2011, was the 16th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The MLS All-Stars faced Manchester United of the English Premier League for the second year running in the eighth MLS All-Star Game to feature international opposition. Manchester United won the game 4–0 with goals from Anderson, Park Ji-Sung, Dimitar Berbatov and Danny Welbeck. ## 2002 MLS All-Star Game The 2002 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the 7th Major League Soccer All-Star Game, played on August 3, 2002 at RFK Stadium in Washington D.C.. Major League Soccer, looking to capitalize on the success of the United States at the 2002 FIFA World Cup, invited the US national team to compete against the MLS All-Stars. Bruce Arena assembled a roster of the national team's most prominent domestic players in the last decade, while then-San Jose Earthquakes head coach Frank Yallop formed an All-Star team of the top talent among the league's remaining players. ## 1997 MLS All-Star Game The 1997 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the second Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. Teams of the best players from each conference played against each other at Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, on July 9, 1997. The MLS All-Stars East won the game 5–4, with goals from MVP Carlos Valderrama, Giuseppe Galderisi, Robert Warzycha, Richie Williams and Brian McBride. Dante Washington, Jorge Campos, Digital Takawira and Cobi Jones scored for the MLS All-Stars West. Arturo Angeles refereed the game, which was attended by 24,816 spectators. Question: The 2011 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 27, 2011, was the 16th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer, Manchester United won the game 4–0 with goals, including which English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Arsenal and the England national team? Answer:

Daniel Nii Tackie Mensah Welbeck

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## 2013 MLS All-Star Game The 2013 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 31, 2013, was the 18th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The game was played at Sporting Park, now known as Children's Mercy Park, in Kansas City, Kansas. ## 2010 MLS All-Star Game The 2010 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 28, 2010, was the 15th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The MLS All-Stars faced Manchester United of the English Premier League in the seventh All-Star Game that featured the league's best players facing international competition. The match was broadcast in the US on ESPN2 in English and Galavision in Spanish. ## 2012 MLS All-Star Game The 2012 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 25, 2012, was the 17th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The game was played at PPL Park, now known as Talen Energy Stadium, in Chester, Pennsylvania, the first time an all-star event was played in the Philadelphia area since the 2002 NBA All-Star Game. ## 2016 MLS All-Star Game The 2016 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, the 21st annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, took place on July 28, 2016 (7:30 p.m. EDT, 4:30 p.m. local time) at Avaya Stadium, the home of the San Jose Earthquakes. The game was televised live on ESPN and Univision in the United States, and on TSN and RDS in Canada. The game featured the MLS All-Star team playing English side Arsenal, with the match being a preseason friendly for Arsenal as part of their tour of California. ## 1996 MLS All-Star Game The 1996 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the first Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. Teams of the best players from each conference played against each other at Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, on July 14, 1996. The MLS All-Stars East won the game 3–2, with goals from Tab Ramos, Giovanni Savarese and Steve Pittman while Preki and Jason Kreis scored for the MLS All-Stars West. MLS All-Stars East midfielder Carlos Valderrama was named as the game's Most Valuable Player. Kevin Stott refereed the game, which was attended by 78,416 spectators. ## Danny Welbeck Daniel Nii Tackie Mensah Welbeck (born 26 November 1990) is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Arsenal and the England national team. He primarily plays as a forward but can also play as a winger. ## 2007 MLS All-Star Game The 2007 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the 12th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game. The 2007 MLS All-Star Game took place on July 19, 2007 between the 2007 MLS All-Stars and Celtic. ## 2011 MLS All-Star Game The 2011 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 27, 2011, was the 16th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. The MLS All-Stars faced Manchester United of the English Premier League for the second year running in the eighth MLS All-Star Game to feature international opposition. Manchester United won the game 4–0 with goals from Anderson, Park Ji-Sung, Dimitar Berbatov and Danny Welbeck. ## 2002 MLS All-Star Game The 2002 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the 7th Major League Soccer All-Star Game, played on August 3, 2002 at RFK Stadium in Washington D.C.. Major League Soccer, looking to capitalize on the success of the United States at the 2002 FIFA World Cup, invited the US national team to compete against the MLS All-Stars. Bruce Arena assembled a roster of the national team's most prominent domestic players in the last decade, while then-San Jose Earthquakes head coach Frank Yallop formed an All-Star team of the top talent among the league's remaining players. ## 1997 MLS All-Star Game The 1997 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the second Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. Teams of the best players from each conference played against each other at Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, on July 9, 1997. The MLS All-Stars East won the game 5–4, with goals from MVP Carlos Valderrama, Giuseppe Galderisi, Robert Warzycha, Richie Williams and Brian McBride. Dante Washington, Jorge Campos, Digital Takawira and Cobi Jones scored for the MLS All-Stars West. Arturo Angeles refereed the game, which was attended by 24,816 spectators. Question: The 2011 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 27, 2011, was the 16th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer, Manchester United won the game 4–0 with goals, including which English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Arsenal and the England national team? Answer: ### Response: Daniel Nii Tackie Mensah Welbeck

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Paul Burke (rugby union) Paul Burke (born 1 May 1973 in Paddington, London), educated at Epsom College in Surrey, is an Irish rugby union player who played at Fly Half. He has formerly played for Cork Constitution, London Irish, Munster, Bristol, Cardiff and Harlequins. He signed for English club Leicester Tigers for the 2006–7 season and helped take the team to three finals in that year. The 2007–2008 season was plagued by injury and he retired at the end of that season. He has since become kicking coach for Leicester Tigers. ## Jake Sakson Jake Sakson (born 1990 in Aspen, Colorado, United States) is an American actor who has played several child parts in film and on television. ## Aspen Extreme Aspen Extreme is a 1993 film about two ski buddies, TJ Burke (Paul Gross) and Dexter Rutecki (Peter Berg), who move from Brighton, Michigan to Aspen to seek a better life. The two friends quickly become Aspen ski instructors, but women, drugs, and job troubles threaten to destroy their relationship. Along the way, TJ tries to realize his dream of becoming a professional writer, and the pair train for the upcoming Powder 8 ski competition. ## Paul Gross Paul Michael Gross, OC (born April 30, 1959) is a Canadian actor, producer, director, singer, and writer born in Calgary, Alberta. He is known for his lead role as Constable Benton Fraser in the television series "Due South" as well as his 2008 war film "Passchendaele", which he wrote, produced, directed, and starred in. During "Due South"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s final season, Gross acted as executive producer in addition to starring, wrote the season three opener and finale, the two part series finale and wrote and sang songs for the show, some of which can be found on the two "Due South" soundtracks. He later found success with another Canadian TV series, "Slings and Arrows". He also produced one film with Akshay Kumar called Speedy Singhs starring Camilla Belle and Vinay Virmani. ## Mark Burke Mark Stephen Burke (born 12 February 1969) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder. A player skilled at retaining the ball, he enjoyed a 15-year professional career in England, the Netherlands, Japan, Romania, and Sweden. ## Trey Burke Alfonso Clark "Trey" Burke III (born November 12, 1992) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent. He was drafted by the Minnesota Timberwolves with the 9th overall pick in the 2013 NBA draft and immediately traded to the Utah Jazz. He has also played with the Washington Wizards. He played college basketball for the Michigan Wolverines of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). As a sophomore during the 2012–13 season, he earned National Player of the Year and led his team to the championship game of the 2013 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. Shortly after the tournament he declared his eligibility for the draft. ## Tahj Mowry Tahj Dayton Mowry ( ; born May 17, 1986) is an American actor, voice actor, singer and dancer. Mowry is the brother of identical twins Tia Mowry and Tamera Mowry. He is known for his show "Smart Guy" as the main character TJ on The WB, though the show gained later notoriety on the Disney Channel. Mowry was later cast as a ten year old super genius Wade Load on Kim Possible as a nod to this role. He is also known for his role on "Full House" playing Michelle's best friend, Teddy. Tahj also played Tucker Dobbs on Freeform's hit comedy TV show Baby Daddy. ## Nick Cannon Nicholas Scott "Nick" Cannon (born October 8, 1980) is an American rapper, actor, comedian, director, screenwriter, film producer, entrepreneur, record producer, radio and television personality. On television, Cannon began as a teenager on "All That" before going on to host "The Nick Cannon Show", "Wild 'N Out", and "America's Got Talent". He acted in the films "Drumline", "Love Don't Cost a Thing", and "Roll Bounce". As a rapper he released his debut self-titled album in 2003 with the hit single "Gigolo", a collaboration with singer R. Kelly. In 2007 he played the role of the fictional footballer TJ Harper in the film "". In 2006, Cannon recorded the singles "Dime Piece" and "My Wife" for the planned album "Stages", which was never released. Cannon married American R&B/pop singer, Mariah Carey in 2008. He filed for divorce in December 2014, after six years of marriage. The divorce was finalized in 2016. ## Jamie Foreman Jamie Foreman (born 25 May 1958) is an English actor best known for his roles as Duke in "Layer Cake" (2004) and Bill Sikes in Roman Polanski's "Oliver Twist" (2005). He played opposite Ray Winstone and Kathy Burke in Gary Oldman's "Nil by Mouth" (1997) and also featured in "Elizabeth" (1998), "Gangster No. 1" (2000) and "Sleepy Hollow" (1999). He appeared in the 2006 "Doctor Who" episode "The Idiot's Lantern" and featured as a racist taxi driver in "The Football Factory" (2004). In the 2008 film "Inkheart" Foreman played Basta. He also appeared in one episode of "" in 2009. ## Tequan Richmond Tequan Richmond ("Tuh-kwon"; born October 30, 1992), also known by his stage name, T-Rich, is an American actor and rapper. Tequan is best known for his role as Drew Rock on the UPN/CW sitcom "Everybody Hates Chris". Richmond played Ray Charles, Jr. (son of singer/musician Ray Charles) in the motion picture "Ray". He currently plays TJ Ashford on the ABC serial "General Hospital" since November 2012 and was nominated for a Daytime Emmy for Outstanding Young Actor in 2013 for the drama. Question: The actor who played TJ Burke in Aspen Extreme was born in which year ? Answer:

1959

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Paul Burke (rugby union) Paul Burke (born 1 May 1973 in Paddington, London), educated at Epsom College in Surrey, is an Irish rugby union player who played at Fly Half. He has formerly played for Cork Constitution, London Irish, Munster, Bristol, Cardiff and Harlequins. He signed for English club Leicester Tigers for the 2006–7 season and helped take the team to three finals in that year. The 2007–2008 season was plagued by injury and he retired at the end of that season. He has since become kicking coach for Leicester Tigers. ## Jake Sakson Jake Sakson (born 1990 in Aspen, Colorado, United States) is an American actor who has played several child parts in film and on television. ## Aspen Extreme Aspen Extreme is a 1993 film about two ski buddies, TJ Burke (Paul Gross) and Dexter Rutecki (Peter Berg), who move from Brighton, Michigan to Aspen to seek a better life. The two friends quickly become Aspen ski instructors, but women, drugs, and job troubles threaten to destroy their relationship. Along the way, TJ tries to realize his dream of becoming a professional writer, and the pair train for the upcoming Powder 8 ski competition. ## Paul Gross Paul Michael Gross, OC (born April 30, 1959) is a Canadian actor, producer, director, singer, and writer born in Calgary, Alberta. He is known for his lead role as Constable Benton Fraser in the television series "Due South" as well as his 2008 war film "Passchendaele", which he wrote, produced, directed, and starred in. During "Due South"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s final season, Gross acted as executive producer in addition to starring, wrote the season three opener and finale, the two part series finale and wrote and sang songs for the show, some of which can be found on the two "Due South" soundtracks. He later found success with another Canadian TV series, "Slings and Arrows". He also produced one film with Akshay Kumar called Speedy Singhs starring Camilla Belle and Vinay Virmani. ## Mark Burke Mark Stephen Burke (born 12 February 1969) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder. A player skilled at retaining the ball, he enjoyed a 15-year professional career in England, the Netherlands, Japan, Romania, and Sweden. ## Trey Burke Alfonso Clark "Trey" Burke III (born November 12, 1992) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent. He was drafted by the Minnesota Timberwolves with the 9th overall pick in the 2013 NBA draft and immediately traded to the Utah Jazz. He has also played with the Washington Wizards. He played college basketball for the Michigan Wolverines of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). As a sophomore during the 2012–13 season, he earned National Player of the Year and led his team to the championship game of the 2013 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. Shortly after the tournament he declared his eligibility for the draft. ## Tahj Mowry Tahj Dayton Mowry ( ; born May 17, 1986) is an American actor, voice actor, singer and dancer. Mowry is the brother of identical twins Tia Mowry and Tamera Mowry. He is known for his show "Smart Guy" as the main character TJ on The WB, though the show gained later notoriety on the Disney Channel. Mowry was later cast as a ten year old super genius Wade Load on Kim Possible as a nod to this role. He is also known for his role on "Full House" playing Michelle's best friend, Teddy. Tahj also played Tucker Dobbs on Freeform's hit comedy TV show Baby Daddy. ## Nick Cannon Nicholas Scott "Nick" Cannon (born October 8, 1980) is an American rapper, actor, comedian, director, screenwriter, film producer, entrepreneur, record producer, radio and television personality. On television, Cannon began as a teenager on "All That" before going on to host "The Nick Cannon Show", "Wild 'N Out", and "America's Got Talent". He acted in the films "Drumline", "Love Don't Cost a Thing", and "Roll Bounce". As a rapper he released his debut self-titled album in 2003 with the hit single "Gigolo", a collaboration with singer R. Kelly. In 2007 he played the role of the fictional footballer TJ Harper in the film "". In 2006, Cannon recorded the singles "Dime Piece" and "My Wife" for the planned album "Stages", which was never released. Cannon married American R&B/pop singer, Mariah Carey in 2008. He filed for divorce in December 2014, after six years of marriage. The divorce was finalized in 2016. ## Jamie Foreman Jamie Foreman (born 25 May 1958) is an English actor best known for his roles as Duke in "Layer Cake" (2004) and Bill Sikes in Roman Polanski's "Oliver Twist" (2005). He played opposite Ray Winstone and Kathy Burke in Gary Oldman's "Nil by Mouth" (1997) and also featured in "Elizabeth" (1998), "Gangster No. 1" (2000) and "Sleepy Hollow" (1999). He appeared in the 2006 "Doctor Who" episode "The Idiot's Lantern" and featured as a racist taxi driver in "The Football Factory" (2004). In the 2008 film "Inkheart" Foreman played Basta. He also appeared in one episode of "" in 2009. ## Tequan Richmond Tequan Richmond ("Tuh-kwon"; born October 30, 1992), also known by his stage name, T-Rich, is an American actor and rapper. Tequan is best known for his role as Drew Rock on the UPN/CW sitcom "Everybody Hates Chris". Richmond played Ray Charles, Jr. (son of singer/musician Ray Charles) in the motion picture "Ray". He currently plays TJ Ashford on the ABC serial "General Hospital" since November 2012 and was nominated for a Daytime Emmy for Outstanding Young Actor in 2013 for the drama. Question: The actor who played TJ Burke in Aspen Extreme was born in which year ? Answer: ### Response: 1959

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## College of the Atlantic College of the Atlantic (COA), founded in 1969, is a private, liberal-arts college located in Bar Harbor on Mount Desert Island, Maine, United States. It awards bachelors and masters (M.Phil.) degrees solely in the field of human ecology, an interdisciplinary approach to learning. Focus areas include arts and design, environmental sciences, humanities, international studies, sustainable food systems, and socially responsible business. ## James Gower Rev. James Gower (August 17, 1922 – December 17, 2012) was an American Roman Catholic priest and peace activist. Gower and his former high school classmate, businessman Les Brewer, co-founded the College of the Atlantic, a private, liberal arts college in Mount Desert Island, Maine, in 1969. ## Les Brewer Les Brewer (born ?) is an American businessman who co-founded the College of the Atlantic, a private, liberal arts college located in Mount Desert Island, Maine, in 1969. ## Stella Brewer Brookes Stella Brewer Brookes was born on January 22, 1903 to J.H and Minnie Brewer and was five out of six children. In 1923 she graduated valedictorian and magna cum laude from Wiley College located in Wiley, Texas. In the following year she became a member of Clark College’s faculty and in 1928. She married Dr. Enes Luther Brookes, a chemistry Professor and the Director of the Science Department at Clark College at the time. They were married in the Crogman Chapel, which is located at Clark University. Two years later, Stella Brookes, who was ranked amongst the top five in her class, earned a Master of Arts in English Literature from the University of Michigan. Two years following she was chosen to be the “Bronze Woman of the Year in Education” in Atlanta by Iota Phi Lambda sorority. ## Ranger College Ranger College is a community college located in Ranger, Texas, a small town 90 mi west of Fort Worth, Texas. The college's website asserts that it "is one of the oldest public two-year colleges in continuous operation in the state of Texas." In conjunction with its main campus in Ranger, the college maintains several satellite campuses across Erath County and Brown County, Texas. Ranger College provides dual-credit courses to over 40 area school districts. The main campus is located at 1100 College Circle, Ranger, TX 76470. ## San Bernardino Valley College San Bernardino Valley College is a community college located in San Bernardino, California that offers 138 programs. It is fully accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. The two-year college has an enrollment of 17,044 students and covers 82 acre . Valley College is also a part of the San Bernardino Community College District which includes Crafton Hills College located in nearby Yucaipa and the Professional Development Center in San Bernardino. ## Union College (Kentucky) Union College is a four-year private college located in Barbourville, Kentucky. The college, founded in 1879, is affiliated with the United Methodist Church. Union College is a small liberal arts college in the Appalachian Mountains. At the time of the college's founding, Barbourville was a thriving and progressive town of 450 citizens and three brick buildings. Today, the town's population is just over 3,100. ## Euroa Secondary College Euroa Secondary College is a year 7 to 12 co-educational, state-run secondary college located in the Victorian north-eastern town of Euroa, Victoria in Australia. Euroa Secondary College is the only secondary college located in the local government area, the Shire of Strathbogie, and thus takes in students from a wide-spanning area including Nagambie, Violet Town, Ruffy, Avenel and Strathbogie. A school bus service provides transport for many students in outlying areas. It has an estimated enrolment of approximately 350 students in 2017. ## Eric Brewer (scientist) Eric Allen Brewer is the main inventor of a wireless networking scheme called WiLDNet which promises to bring low-cost connectivity to rural areas of the developing world. He is a tenured professor of Computer Science at UC Berkeley. In 1996, Brewer co-founded Inktomi Corporation (bought by Yahoo! in 2003). Working with Bill Clinton, he helped to create USA.gov, which launched in 2000. He is known for formulating the CAP Theorem about distributed network applications in the late 1990s. Starting in May 2011 he has been on a sabbatical at Google as VP of Infrastructure. ## Shrewsbury Sixth Form College Shrewsbury Sixth Form College is a post-secondary co-educational selective sixth-form college located in Shrewsbury, the county town of Shropshire, England. The college, which is commonly referred to as SSFC, currently has an enrolment of approximately 1,650 students, generally ranging between the ages of 16 to 19. The curriculum consists of AS, A2 levels and a small range of BTECs. GCSE English Language and Maths can only be taken alongside an A level programme as resits. The college was ranked as the 17th-best sixth-form college in 2012 (out of 400 institutions), has the best A-Level performance of any state-funded institution in Shropshire, and has been awarded 'Beacon Status'. The college's town centre campus includes several buildings of Grade II-listed status. Question: Les Brewer co-founded a college located in what town? Answer:

Bar Harbor

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## College of the Atlantic College of the Atlantic (COA), founded in 1969, is a private, liberal-arts college located in Bar Harbor on Mount Desert Island, Maine, United States. It awards bachelors and masters (M.Phil.) degrees solely in the field of human ecology, an interdisciplinary approach to learning. Focus areas include arts and design, environmental sciences, humanities, international studies, sustainable food systems, and socially responsible business. ## James Gower Rev. James Gower (August 17, 1922 – December 17, 2012) was an American Roman Catholic priest and peace activist. Gower and his former high school classmate, businessman Les Brewer, co-founded the College of the Atlantic, a private, liberal arts college in Mount Desert Island, Maine, in 1969. ## Les Brewer Les Brewer (born ?) is an American businessman who co-founded the College of the Atlantic, a private, liberal arts college located in Mount Desert Island, Maine, in 1969. ## Stella Brewer Brookes Stella Brewer Brookes was born on January 22, 1903 to J.H and Minnie Brewer and was five out of six children. In 1923 she graduated valedictorian and magna cum laude from Wiley College located in Wiley, Texas. In the following year she became a member of Clark College’s faculty and in 1928. She married Dr. Enes Luther Brookes, a chemistry Professor and the Director of the Science Department at Clark College at the time. They were married in the Crogman Chapel, which is located at Clark University. Two years later, Stella Brookes, who was ranked amongst the top five in her class, earned a Master of Arts in English Literature from the University of Michigan. Two years following she was chosen to be the “Bronze Woman of the Year in Education” in Atlanta by Iota Phi Lambda sorority. ## Ranger College Ranger College is a community college located in Ranger, Texas, a small town 90 mi west of Fort Worth, Texas. The college's website asserts that it "is one of the oldest public two-year colleges in continuous operation in the state of Texas." In conjunction with its main campus in Ranger, the college maintains several satellite campuses across Erath County and Brown County, Texas. Ranger College provides dual-credit courses to over 40 area school districts. The main campus is located at 1100 College Circle, Ranger, TX 76470. ## San Bernardino Valley College San Bernardino Valley College is a community college located in San Bernardino, California that offers 138 programs. It is fully accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. The two-year college has an enrollment of 17,044 students and covers 82 acre . Valley College is also a part of the San Bernardino Community College District which includes Crafton Hills College located in nearby Yucaipa and the Professional Development Center in San Bernardino. ## Union College (Kentucky) Union College is a four-year private college located in Barbourville, Kentucky. The college, founded in 1879, is affiliated with the United Methodist Church. Union College is a small liberal arts college in the Appalachian Mountains. At the time of the college's founding, Barbourville was a thriving and progressive town of 450 citizens and three brick buildings. Today, the town's population is just over 3,100. ## Euroa Secondary College Euroa Secondary College is a year 7 to 12 co-educational, state-run secondary college located in the Victorian north-eastern town of Euroa, Victoria in Australia. Euroa Secondary College is the only secondary college located in the local government area, the Shire of Strathbogie, and thus takes in students from a wide-spanning area including Nagambie, Violet Town, Ruffy, Avenel and Strathbogie. A school bus service provides transport for many students in outlying areas. It has an estimated enrolment of approximately 350 students in 2017. ## Eric Brewer (scientist) Eric Allen Brewer is the main inventor of a wireless networking scheme called WiLDNet which promises to bring low-cost connectivity to rural areas of the developing world. He is a tenured professor of Computer Science at UC Berkeley. In 1996, Brewer co-founded Inktomi Corporation (bought by Yahoo! in 2003). Working with Bill Clinton, he helped to create USA.gov, which launched in 2000. He is known for formulating the CAP Theorem about distributed network applications in the late 1990s. Starting in May 2011 he has been on a sabbatical at Google as VP of Infrastructure. ## Shrewsbury Sixth Form College Shrewsbury Sixth Form College is a post-secondary co-educational selective sixth-form college located in Shrewsbury, the county town of Shropshire, England. The college, which is commonly referred to as SSFC, currently has an enrolment of approximately 1,650 students, generally ranging between the ages of 16 to 19. The curriculum consists of AS, A2 levels and a small range of BTECs. GCSE English Language and Maths can only be taken alongside an A level programme as resits. The college was ranked as the 17th-best sixth-form college in 2012 (out of 400 institutions), has the best A-Level performance of any state-funded institution in Shropshire, and has been awarded 'Beacon Status'. The college's town centre campus includes several buildings of Grade II-listed status. Question: Les Brewer co-founded a college located in what town? Answer: ### Response: Bar Harbor

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Harold Bornstein Harold N. Bornstein is an American gastroenterologist. He is best known as Donald Trump's personal physician. Bornstein was Donald Trump's personal physician since 1980, before then Bornstein's father was his personal physician. As are many high profile doctors, between 1992 and 2016, he has been involved in three malpractice lawsuits of which two found no liability and the third was settled. ## Alfonso Ortiz Tirado Alfonso Ortiz Tirado was an opera singer and doctor born in Álamos, Sonora, Mexico in 1893. His musical talent was apparent early in life, but he studied at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria and university to become a doctor. He specialized in gynecology as well as general medicine, and eventually became the personal physician of Frida Kahlo and performed surgery on Agustín Lara. As a musician, he studied under José Pierson and soon afterward had a successful international career as an opera singer, earning the label of “tenor of the Americas.” He was often cast for productions of L'elisir d'amore and Madame Butterfly. He earned a large sum of money doing this, and used it to establish a children’s hospital in Mexico City. Ortiz died in 1960, and was interred at the Panteón Frances de la Piedad. The Festival de Canto Operístico Tirado in the state of Sonora was named after him. ## Stephen D. Glazier Stephen D. Glazier (born Mystic, Connecticut) is an American anthropologist. Currently, he is a Research Anthropologist at the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University. He has conducted extensive fieldwork in Trinidad focusing on Caribbean religions such as Rastafari, Orisa/Sango, and the Spiritual Baptists. He also publishes on Caribbean archaeology and ethnohistory and cataloged Irving Rouse's St. Joseph (Trinidad) and Mayo (Trinidad) collections for the Peabody Museum of Natural History. In 2016, Glazier retired as Professor of Anthropology and Graduate Faculty Faculty Fellow at the University of Nebraska where he offered classes in general (four-field) anthropology, race and minority relations, and a graduate seminar on the anthropology of belief systems. Glazier began his graduate studies in anthropology at Princeton University under Martin G. Silverman, Hildred Geertz, Alfonso Ortiz, and Vincent Crapanzano. He also earned an M.Div. from Princeton Theological Seminary. His M. Div. thesis—based on experiences as an Assistant Chaplain at New Jersey Neuro Psychiatric Institute—dealt with patterns of schizophrenic speech. He was awarded a Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of Connecticut in 1981. His dissertation advisors were Seth Leacock, Dennison J. Nash, and Ronald M. Wintrob. Glazier served as book review editor of the journal Anthropology of Consciousness. He was elected for two terms as President of the Society for the Anthropology of Consciousness. In addition, he served as Vice-President and Secretary of the Society for the Anthropology of Religion. SAR and as a Council Member and as Secretary of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion. ## Carlos J. Tirado Yepes Carlos J. Tirado Yepes (born April 3, 1964, Caracas, Venezuela), is a Venezuelan artist, painter and sculptor who has developed a very personal and precise work line linked to Neo-pop art. With plenty of personal art exhibitions, Tirado Yepes has participated in numerous collective exhibitions, receiving different awards like III Premio de Escultura del Certamen Aires de Córdoba in 2004 and other recognitions, among them, in the Venezuelan Embassy in DC (2005), and the X Latin Art Festival of Atlanta (2005). ## Hugo Laborice Hugo Laborice y Monroy is a Mexican painter born in Puebla on 01 Mar 1955. ## Frida Kahlo Frida Kahlo de Rivera (] ; born Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón; July 6, 1907 – July 13, 1954) was a Mexican painter, who mostly painted self-portraits. Inspired by Mexican popular culture, she employed a naïve folk art style to explore questions of identity, postcolonialism, gender, class, and race in Mexican society. Her paintings often had strong autobiographical elements and mixed realism with fantasy. In addition to belonging to the post-revolutionary "Mexicanidad" movement, which sought to define a Mexican identity, Kahlo has been described as a Surrealist or magical realist. Her work has been celebrated internationally as emblematic of Mexican national and indigenous traditions, and by feminists for what is seen as its uncompromising depiction of the female experience and form. ## Death of Michael Jackson On June 25, 2009, Michael Jackson died of acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication at his home on North Carolwood Drive in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles. His personal physician, Conrad Murray, said he had found Jackson in his room, not breathing and with a barely detectable pulse, and that he administered CPR on Jackson to no avail. After a call was placed to 9-1-1 at , Jackson was treated by paramedics at the scene and was later pronounced dead at the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center. On August 28, 2009, the Los Angeles County Coroner concluded that his death was a homicide. Shortly before his death, Jackson had reportedly been administered propofol and two anti-anxiety benzodiazepines, lorazepam and midazolam, in his home. His personal physician was convicted of involuntary manslaughter in 2011 and served a two-year prison sentence. ## Alberto Gironella Alberto Gironella (1929–1999) was a Mexican painter born in Mexico City. He showcased his works in Brazil, United States, Spain, France, Japan, Sweden and Switzerland. In Mexico his works were in the Palace of Fine Arts and Museum of Modern Art, and the Carrillo Gil and Rufino Tamayo museums. Gironella also illustrated the book "Terra Nostra" by Carlos Fuentes. In 1960 he won the first prize of the Paris Biennial for Young Painters and the first prize of the Sixth Biennial of São Paulo, Brazil. Several of his later paintings were nudes, including several with either topless or fully naked women on beds either holding a classical guitar or one shown in the background such as "Sanda as Carmen" (1985). ## Richard Tubb Richard Tubb was the personal physician to President George W. Bush as well as being personal physician to Vice President Al Gore during the Clinton Administration. He is a brigadier general in the United States Air Force. His predecessor as White House Physician was Eleanor Mariano; Navy Captain Jeffrey Kuhlman succeeded him as Physician to the President. ## Emilia Ortiz Emilia Ortiz Pérez (Tepic, 1917 – Tepic, November 24, 2012) was a Mexican painter, cartoonist, caricaturist, and poet, best known for her watercolors. Her father, Abraham D. Ortiz, had arrived at Tepic originally from Oaxaca where he married Elvira Perez and engaged in haberdashery and the hardware trade. She studied painting at the Academy of San Carlos in Mexico City. Her drawings and paintings were exhibited in 1940. An author as well, her prizewinning book, "De mis soledades vengo", was published in 1986. The Museo Emilia Ortiz in Lerdo houses Ortiz's photography and art, as well as local art. Question: Alfonso Ortiz Tirado was the personal physician of a Mexican painter born in what year? Answer:

1907

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Harold Bornstein Harold N. Bornstein is an American gastroenterologist. He is best known as Donald Trump's personal physician. Bornstein was Donald Trump's personal physician since 1980, before then Bornstein's father was his personal physician. As are many high profile doctors, between 1992 and 2016, he has been involved in three malpractice lawsuits of which two found no liability and the third was settled. ## Alfonso Ortiz Tirado Alfonso Ortiz Tirado was an opera singer and doctor born in Álamos, Sonora, Mexico in 1893. His musical talent was apparent early in life, but he studied at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria and university to become a doctor. He specialized in gynecology as well as general medicine, and eventually became the personal physician of Frida Kahlo and performed surgery on Agustín Lara. As a musician, he studied under José Pierson and soon afterward had a successful international career as an opera singer, earning the label of “tenor of the Americas.” He was often cast for productions of L'elisir d'amore and Madame Butterfly. He earned a large sum of money doing this, and used it to establish a children’s hospital in Mexico City. Ortiz died in 1960, and was interred at the Panteón Frances de la Piedad. The Festival de Canto Operístico Tirado in the state of Sonora was named after him. ## Stephen D. Glazier Stephen D. Glazier (born Mystic, Connecticut) is an American anthropologist. Currently, he is a Research Anthropologist at the Human Relations Area Files at Yale University. He has conducted extensive fieldwork in Trinidad focusing on Caribbean religions such as Rastafari, Orisa/Sango, and the Spiritual Baptists. He also publishes on Caribbean archaeology and ethnohistory and cataloged Irving Rouse's St. Joseph (Trinidad) and Mayo (Trinidad) collections for the Peabody Museum of Natural History. In 2016, Glazier retired as Professor of Anthropology and Graduate Faculty Faculty Fellow at the University of Nebraska where he offered classes in general (four-field) anthropology, race and minority relations, and a graduate seminar on the anthropology of belief systems. Glazier began his graduate studies in anthropology at Princeton University under Martin G. Silverman, Hildred Geertz, Alfonso Ortiz, and Vincent Crapanzano. He also earned an M.Div. from Princeton Theological Seminary. His M. Div. thesis—based on experiences as an Assistant Chaplain at New Jersey Neuro Psychiatric Institute—dealt with patterns of schizophrenic speech. He was awarded a Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of Connecticut in 1981. His dissertation advisors were Seth Leacock, Dennison J. Nash, and Ronald M. Wintrob. Glazier served as book review editor of the journal Anthropology of Consciousness. He was elected for two terms as President of the Society for the Anthropology of Consciousness. In addition, he served as Vice-President and Secretary of the Society for the Anthropology of Religion. SAR and as a Council Member and as Secretary of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion. ## Carlos J. Tirado Yepes Carlos J. Tirado Yepes (born April 3, 1964, Caracas, Venezuela), is a Venezuelan artist, painter and sculptor who has developed a very personal and precise work line linked to Neo-pop art. With plenty of personal art exhibitions, Tirado Yepes has participated in numerous collective exhibitions, receiving different awards like III Premio de Escultura del Certamen Aires de Córdoba in 2004 and other recognitions, among them, in the Venezuelan Embassy in DC (2005), and the X Latin Art Festival of Atlanta (2005). ## Hugo Laborice Hugo Laborice y Monroy is a Mexican painter born in Puebla on 01 Mar 1955. ## Frida Kahlo Frida Kahlo de Rivera (] ; born Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón; July 6, 1907 – July 13, 1954) was a Mexican painter, who mostly painted self-portraits. Inspired by Mexican popular culture, she employed a naïve folk art style to explore questions of identity, postcolonialism, gender, class, and race in Mexican society. Her paintings often had strong autobiographical elements and mixed realism with fantasy. In addition to belonging to the post-revolutionary "Mexicanidad" movement, which sought to define a Mexican identity, Kahlo has been described as a Surrealist or magical realist. Her work has been celebrated internationally as emblematic of Mexican national and indigenous traditions, and by feminists for what is seen as its uncompromising depiction of the female experience and form. ## Death of Michael Jackson On June 25, 2009, Michael Jackson died of acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication at his home on North Carolwood Drive in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles. His personal physician, Conrad Murray, said he had found Jackson in his room, not breathing and with a barely detectable pulse, and that he administered CPR on Jackson to no avail. After a call was placed to 9-1-1 at , Jackson was treated by paramedics at the scene and was later pronounced dead at the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center. On August 28, 2009, the Los Angeles County Coroner concluded that his death was a homicide. Shortly before his death, Jackson had reportedly been administered propofol and two anti-anxiety benzodiazepines, lorazepam and midazolam, in his home. His personal physician was convicted of involuntary manslaughter in 2011 and served a two-year prison sentence. ## Alberto Gironella Alberto Gironella (1929–1999) was a Mexican painter born in Mexico City. He showcased his works in Brazil, United States, Spain, France, Japan, Sweden and Switzerland. In Mexico his works were in the Palace of Fine Arts and Museum of Modern Art, and the Carrillo Gil and Rufino Tamayo museums. Gironella also illustrated the book "Terra Nostra" by Carlos Fuentes. In 1960 he won the first prize of the Paris Biennial for Young Painters and the first prize of the Sixth Biennial of São Paulo, Brazil. Several of his later paintings were nudes, including several with either topless or fully naked women on beds either holding a classical guitar or one shown in the background such as "Sanda as Carmen" (1985). ## Richard Tubb Richard Tubb was the personal physician to President George W. Bush as well as being personal physician to Vice President Al Gore during the Clinton Administration. He is a brigadier general in the United States Air Force. His predecessor as White House Physician was Eleanor Mariano; Navy Captain Jeffrey Kuhlman succeeded him as Physician to the President. ## Emilia Ortiz Emilia Ortiz Pérez (Tepic, 1917 – Tepic, November 24, 2012) was a Mexican painter, cartoonist, caricaturist, and poet, best known for her watercolors. Her father, Abraham D. Ortiz, had arrived at Tepic originally from Oaxaca where he married Elvira Perez and engaged in haberdashery and the hardware trade. She studied painting at the Academy of San Carlos in Mexico City. Her drawings and paintings were exhibited in 1940. An author as well, her prizewinning book, "De mis soledades vengo", was published in 1986. The Museo Emilia Ortiz in Lerdo houses Ortiz's photography and art, as well as local art. Question: Alfonso Ortiz Tirado was the personal physician of a Mexican painter born in what year? Answer: ### Response: 1907

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Double Brutal Double Brutal is the second full-length album by As I Lay Dying vocalist Tim Lambesis' parody project Austrian Death Machine. Unlike the previous album, "Total Brutal", "Double Brutal" is a two disc effort; the first disc composed of original songs inspired by Arnold Schwarzenegger movies, and the second disc being covers of songs that can relate to Schwarzenegger movies. Upon release, the album debuted at No. 105 on the "Billboard" 200. ## Shadows Are Security Shadows Are Security is the third album by American metalcore band As I Lay Dying. The album was released on June 14, 2005 through Metal Blade Records, and was produced by Tim Lambesis, the band's vocalist, and Phil Sgrosso, one of the band's guitarists, along with Steve Russell. A Limited Edition was released on June 23, 2005 with a bonus DVD of a show filmed at the Substage Club in Karlsruhe, Germany on November 28, 2004. The CD was released again as a Special Edition on October 17, 2006 with a DVD on the making of the album and included videos of Confined, Through Struggle, and The Darkest Nights. It also featured additional linear notes from vocalist Tim Lambesis on the concept of the record and little known facts on the making of the album. ## Ian Brown Ian George Brown (born 20 February 1963) is an English musician. He is the lead singer of the alternative rock band the Stone Roses from their formation in 1983. Following the split he began a solo career, releasing six studio albums, a greatest hits compilation, a remix album and 17 singles. He has performed solo shows in 45 countries. He returned to singing for the Stone Roses on 19 October 2011. On 20 October, he put out a statement to say that although he had reunited with the band, it did not spell the end of his solo endeavours. Brown is also known for a cameo role in "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban". ## As I Lay Dying (band) As I Lay Dying is an American metalcore band from San Diego, California. Founded in 2000 by vocalist Tim Lambesis, the establishment of the band's first full lineup, which included drummer Jordan Mancino, occurred in 2001. As I Lay Dying has released six albums, one split album, and two compilation albums. ## Austrian Death Machine Austrian Death Machine is an American metal side project from San Diego, California, founded by As I Lay Dying vocalist Tim Lambesis to be a parody of and tribute to Arnold Schwarzenegger's films. ## Arise and Conquer Arise & Conquer is the third full-length album by Christian metal band War of Ages. The album was released on July 22, 2008 by Facedown Records. The album was produced by Tim Lambesis of As I Lay Dying. The band has released a one-minute clip of "Sleep of Prisoners" on their MySpace, as well as the song "Through the Flames". ## Total Brutal Total Brutal is the debut full-length album by Austrian Death Machine, a project of As I Lay Dying's vocalist Tim Lambesis. The band and record are based upon Arnold Schwarzenegger and his movies. Tim plays all of the instruments (apart from guest solo guitar work) and performs vocals but "Ahhhnold" is billed as the vocalist. Destroy the Runner vocalist Chad Ackerman voices all of the Schwarzenegger impersonations. The album was released on July 22, 2008. On the cover of the original release of the album "Machine" was spelled with two 'i's, while new pressings of the album have the spelling corrected. ## Destroy the Runner Destroy the Runner is an American heavy metal band from San Diego, California, United States. Tim Lambesis of As I Lay Dying managed them for their album "Saints", and did so again with Jason Rudolph for their second album "I, Lucifer". ## Frail Words Collapse Frail Words Collapse is the second studio album by American metalcore band As I Lay Dying. The album is their first release on the record label Metal Blade Records. Only two of the five current band-members (drummer Jordan Mancino and frontman Tim Lambesis) appeared on the album. Two of the band's signature songs, "94 Hours" and "Forever", appear on the album. ## Tim Lambesis Timothy Peter "Tim" Lambesis (born November 21, 1980) is an American extreme metal musician, producer, and convicted felon, best known as the founding member and lead vocalist of American metalcore band As I Lay Dying. He also had a solo/side thrash metal project in tribute to actor Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian Death Machine, in which he performed all the instruments. He also formed a death metal band called Pyrithion and played guitar for Society's Finest and Point of Recognition. Question: Tim Lambesis and Ian Brown both were what profession? Answer:

lead vocalist

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Double Brutal Double Brutal is the second full-length album by As I Lay Dying vocalist Tim Lambesis' parody project Austrian Death Machine. Unlike the previous album, "Total Brutal", "Double Brutal" is a two disc effort; the first disc composed of original songs inspired by Arnold Schwarzenegger movies, and the second disc being covers of songs that can relate to Schwarzenegger movies. Upon release, the album debuted at No. 105 on the "Billboard" 200. ## Shadows Are Security Shadows Are Security is the third album by American metalcore band As I Lay Dying. The album was released on June 14, 2005 through Metal Blade Records, and was produced by Tim Lambesis, the band's vocalist, and Phil Sgrosso, one of the band's guitarists, along with Steve Russell. A Limited Edition was released on June 23, 2005 with a bonus DVD of a show filmed at the Substage Club in Karlsruhe, Germany on November 28, 2004. The CD was released again as a Special Edition on October 17, 2006 with a DVD on the making of the album and included videos of Confined, Through Struggle, and The Darkest Nights. It also featured additional linear notes from vocalist Tim Lambesis on the concept of the record and little known facts on the making of the album. ## Ian Brown Ian George Brown (born 20 February 1963) is an English musician. He is the lead singer of the alternative rock band the Stone Roses from their formation in 1983. Following the split he began a solo career, releasing six studio albums, a greatest hits compilation, a remix album and 17 singles. He has performed solo shows in 45 countries. He returned to singing for the Stone Roses on 19 October 2011. On 20 October, he put out a statement to say that although he had reunited with the band, it did not spell the end of his solo endeavours. Brown is also known for a cameo role in "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban". ## As I Lay Dying (band) As I Lay Dying is an American metalcore band from San Diego, California. Founded in 2000 by vocalist Tim Lambesis, the establishment of the band's first full lineup, which included drummer Jordan Mancino, occurred in 2001. As I Lay Dying has released six albums, one split album, and two compilation albums. ## Austrian Death Machine Austrian Death Machine is an American metal side project from San Diego, California, founded by As I Lay Dying vocalist Tim Lambesis to be a parody of and tribute to Arnold Schwarzenegger's films. ## Arise and Conquer Arise & Conquer is the third full-length album by Christian metal band War of Ages. The album was released on July 22, 2008 by Facedown Records. The album was produced by Tim Lambesis of As I Lay Dying. The band has released a one-minute clip of "Sleep of Prisoners" on their MySpace, as well as the song "Through the Flames". ## Total Brutal Total Brutal is the debut full-length album by Austrian Death Machine, a project of As I Lay Dying's vocalist Tim Lambesis. The band and record are based upon Arnold Schwarzenegger and his movies. Tim plays all of the instruments (apart from guest solo guitar work) and performs vocals but "Ahhhnold" is billed as the vocalist. Destroy the Runner vocalist Chad Ackerman voices all of the Schwarzenegger impersonations. The album was released on July 22, 2008. On the cover of the original release of the album "Machine" was spelled with two 'i's, while new pressings of the album have the spelling corrected. ## Destroy the Runner Destroy the Runner is an American heavy metal band from San Diego, California, United States. Tim Lambesis of As I Lay Dying managed them for their album "Saints", and did so again with Jason Rudolph for their second album "I, Lucifer". ## Frail Words Collapse Frail Words Collapse is the second studio album by American metalcore band As I Lay Dying. The album is their first release on the record label Metal Blade Records. Only two of the five current band-members (drummer Jordan Mancino and frontman Tim Lambesis) appeared on the album. Two of the band's signature songs, "94 Hours" and "Forever", appear on the album. ## Tim Lambesis Timothy Peter "Tim" Lambesis (born November 21, 1980) is an American extreme metal musician, producer, and convicted felon, best known as the founding member and lead vocalist of American metalcore band As I Lay Dying. He also had a solo/side thrash metal project in tribute to actor Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian Death Machine, in which he performed all the instruments. He also formed a death metal band called Pyrithion and played guitar for Society's Finest and Point of Recognition. Question: Tim Lambesis and Ian Brown both were what profession? Answer: ### Response: lead vocalist

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Estrella Damm Estrella Damm is a lager beer, brewed in Barcelona, Spain. It has existed since 1876, when August Küntzmann Damm founded his brewery in Barcelona, and is the flagship beer of S.A. Damm, a prominent brewery in the city. The brand is the oldest in Spain and the name "Estrella" means "star" in both Catalan and Spanish. Estrella Damm is available in many countries, including Australia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Croatia, Greece, Ukraine, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Taiwan, Georgia, Honduras and the UK in a 4.6% version. In the United States, it is available through United States Beverage, LLC. Despite its name, Estrella Damm should not be confused with another Spanish lager, called Estrella Galicia. ## London Pride (beer) London Pride is the flagship beer of Fuller's Brewery. It is the UK's best-selling cask-conditioned ale, and is also sold worldwide in bottled form. ## Fuller's Brewery Fuller's Brewery (Fuller, Smith & Turner plc) is an independent family regional brewery founded in 1845 in Chiswick, West London. ## Moonlight Brewing Company The Moonlight Brewing Company is a brewery founded in 1992 by Brian Hunt in Santa Rosa, California, USA. It is known for its flagship beer, Death & Taxes, which is popular in Sonoma County, California. In 2008, it received the ## Bavarian Brewing Company Bavarian Brewing Company was a brewery established in Covington, Kentucky, in 1866 by Julius Deglow, but became known as the Bavarian Brewery in the 1870s. The brewery was originally located on Pike Street and the business expanded to include the 12th street property by 1877. The company also operated as the John Meyer Brewery and the Meyer-Riedlin Brewery before becoming incorporated at Bavarian Brewery Co. in 1889 by William Riedlin. The company was family owned until it was acquired by International Breweries, Inc.(IBI) in 1959. However, it operated as the Bavarian Division of IBI and continued to produce its flagship beer, Bavarian's, until the facility closed in 1966. The property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 and rehabilitated shortly thereafter. ## Saxifraga × urbium London Pride, Saxifraga × urbium, is a perennial garden flowering plant. Alternative names for it include St. Patrick's Cabbage, Whimsey, Prattling Parnell, and Look Up And Kiss Me. Before 1700 the London Pride appellation was given to the Sweet William. ## St Austell Brewery St Austell Brewery is a brewery founded in 1851 by Walter Hicks in St Austell, Cornwall, England. The brewery's flagship beer is "Tribute Ale", which accounts for around 80% of sales. Other popular ales include "Proper Job", "Tinner's Ale" and "Duchy Bitter". ## De Koninck Brewery De Koninck Brewery (Brouwerij De Koninck) is a Belgian brewery based in Antwerp ("Antwerpen" in Dutch). The glass in which De Koninck's flagship beer is served is called a "bolleke", although this term is most colloquially used to refer to a glass filled with the beer itself and is the way the beer is ordered in bars. ## Churchkey Can Company Churchkey Can Company is a brewery founded in 2012 by actor Adrian Grenier and former Nike designer Justin Hawkins in Seattle, USA. The brewery's name refers to its flagship beer, which must be opened using a can piercer, or "church key". ## Starobrno Brewery Starobrno Brewery (in Czech: Pivovar Starobrno) is a Czech brewery located in the city of Brno. It was built as a successor of the brewery founded in 1325, as a part of Cistercian convent. The brewery was named "Starobrno Brewery" only in the second half of the 19th century. In 2009, Starobrno Brewery produced more than one million hectoliters of beer. The same year, the brewery merged with the Royal Brewery of Krušovice and became a part of the Dutch brewing company Heineken. Question: London Pride is the flagship beer of a brewery founded in what year? Answer:

1845

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Estrella Damm Estrella Damm is a lager beer, brewed in Barcelona, Spain. It has existed since 1876, when August Küntzmann Damm founded his brewery in Barcelona, and is the flagship beer of S.A. Damm, a prominent brewery in the city. The brand is the oldest in Spain and the name "Estrella" means "star" in both Catalan and Spanish. Estrella Damm is available in many countries, including Australia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Croatia, Greece, Ukraine, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Taiwan, Georgia, Honduras and the UK in a 4.6% version. In the United States, it is available through United States Beverage, LLC. Despite its name, Estrella Damm should not be confused with another Spanish lager, called Estrella Galicia. ## London Pride (beer) London Pride is the flagship beer of Fuller's Brewery. It is the UK's best-selling cask-conditioned ale, and is also sold worldwide in bottled form. ## Fuller's Brewery Fuller's Brewery (Fuller, Smith & Turner plc) is an independent family regional brewery founded in 1845 in Chiswick, West London. ## Moonlight Brewing Company The Moonlight Brewing Company is a brewery founded in 1992 by Brian Hunt in Santa Rosa, California, USA. It is known for its flagship beer, Death & Taxes, which is popular in Sonoma County, California. In 2008, it received the ## Bavarian Brewing Company Bavarian Brewing Company was a brewery established in Covington, Kentucky, in 1866 by Julius Deglow, but became known as the Bavarian Brewery in the 1870s. The brewery was originally located on Pike Street and the business expanded to include the 12th street property by 1877. The company also operated as the John Meyer Brewery and the Meyer-Riedlin Brewery before becoming incorporated at Bavarian Brewery Co. in 1889 by William Riedlin. The company was family owned until it was acquired by International Breweries, Inc.(IBI) in 1959. However, it operated as the Bavarian Division of IBI and continued to produce its flagship beer, Bavarian's, until the facility closed in 1966. The property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 and rehabilitated shortly thereafter. ## Saxifraga × urbium London Pride, Saxifraga × urbium, is a perennial garden flowering plant. Alternative names for it include St. Patrick's Cabbage, Whimsey, Prattling Parnell, and Look Up And Kiss Me. Before 1700 the London Pride appellation was given to the Sweet William. ## St Austell Brewery St Austell Brewery is a brewery founded in 1851 by Walter Hicks in St Austell, Cornwall, England. The brewery's flagship beer is "Tribute Ale", which accounts for around 80% of sales. Other popular ales include "Proper Job", "Tinner's Ale" and "Duchy Bitter". ## De Koninck Brewery De Koninck Brewery (Brouwerij De Koninck) is a Belgian brewery based in Antwerp ("Antwerpen" in Dutch). The glass in which De Koninck's flagship beer is served is called a "bolleke", although this term is most colloquially used to refer to a glass filled with the beer itself and is the way the beer is ordered in bars. ## Churchkey Can Company Churchkey Can Company is a brewery founded in 2012 by actor Adrian Grenier and former Nike designer Justin Hawkins in Seattle, USA. The brewery's name refers to its flagship beer, which must be opened using a can piercer, or "church key". ## Starobrno Brewery Starobrno Brewery (in Czech: Pivovar Starobrno) is a Czech brewery located in the city of Brno. It was built as a successor of the brewery founded in 1325, as a part of Cistercian convent. The brewery was named "Starobrno Brewery" only in the second half of the 19th century. In 2009, Starobrno Brewery produced more than one million hectoliters of beer. The same year, the brewery merged with the Royal Brewery of Krušovice and became a part of the Dutch brewing company Heineken. Question: London Pride is the flagship beer of a brewery founded in what year? Answer: ### Response: 1845

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Eric Strobel Eric Martin Strobel (born June 5, 1958 in Rochester, Minnesota) is a retired American ice hockey forward who was a member of the Miracle on Ice 1980 gold medal winning U.S. Olympic hockey team. ## Mike Ramsey (ice hockey) Michael Allen Ramsey (born December 3, 1960 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is a retired American professional ice hockey defenseman who played 1070 regular season games in the NHL for the Buffalo Sabres, Pittsburgh Penguins and Detroit Red Wings between 1980 and 1997, after helping the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team win the gold medal in the Miracle On Ice. ## Buzz Schneider William Conrad "Buzz" Schneider (born September 14, 1954 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota and raised in Babbitt, Minnesota) is a retired American ice hockey player best remembered for his role on the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal at Lake Placid. He was also a member of the US Olympic hockey team at the 1976 Winter Olympics. ## Jim Craig (ice hockey) James Downey Craig (born May 31, 1957) is a retired American ice hockey goaltender who is most notable for being part of the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the Olympic gold medal at the Lake Placid Winter Games. Craig had a standout Olympic tournament. In the Olympic semifinal game against the heavily favored Soviet Union, Craig stopped 36 of 39 shots on goal as the U.S. beat the Soviets, 4-3, in what is widely considered one of the greatest upsets in sports history. Two days later, the U.S. defeated Finland, 4-2, in the Olympic final and captured Olympic gold. Craig went on to play professionally in the National Hockey League, where he started for the Atlanta Flames, Boston Bruins, and Minnesota North Stars between 1980 and 1983. ## Mark Pavelich Mark Thomas Pavelich (born February 28, 1958 in Eveleth, Minnesota) is a retired US professional ice hockey forward who played 355 regular season games in the NHL for the New York Rangers, Minnesota North Stars and San Jose Sharks between 1981 and 1992 and was a member of the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal in what has been called the "Miracle on Ice". ## Dave Christian David William Christian (born May 12, 1959) is a retired American professional ice hockey forward, who comes from a family of hockey players. His father Bill and uncle Roger were members of the 1960 U.S. Olympic Hockey Team that won the gold medal. Another uncle, Gordon, was a member of the 1956 U.S. Olympic Hockey Team that won the silver medal. Bill and Roger, along with Hal Bakke, were the founders of the Christian Brothers Hockey Company based in Warroad, which until 2009, made hockey sticks. His nephew, Brock Nelson, currently plays for the New York Islanders. ## Mark Johnson (ice hockey) Mark Einar Johnson (born September 22, 1957) is an American ice hockey coach for the University of Wisconsin–Madison women's ice hockey team. He is a former NHL player who appeared in 669 NHL regular season games between 1980 and 1990. He also played for the gold medal-winning 1980 U.S. Olympic Hockey team. ## Phil Verchota Phillip John Verchota (born December 28, 1956 in Duluth, Minnesota) is a retired American ice hockey forward. He is best known for being a member of the Miracle on Ice 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal. He also played on the US hockey team at the 1984 Winter Olympics, this time as team captain. ## Eddie Cahill Edmund Patrick "Eddie" Cahill (born January 15, 1978) is an American actor best known for portraying "Miracle on Ice" goalie Jim Craig in the movie "Miracle", and for playing the roles of Tag Jones on "Friends" and Detective Don Flack on "." His most recent role was as District Attorney Conner Wallace on the ABC series "Conviction". ## Bob Suter Robert Allen Suter (May 16, 1957 – September 9, 2014) was an American former ice hockey defenseman and member of the Miracle on Ice 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team who won the gold medal. Question: In the movie "Miracle" Eddie Cahill played an athlete that was a member of the U.S. Olympic hockey team in what year? Answer:

1980

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Eric Strobel Eric Martin Strobel (born June 5, 1958 in Rochester, Minnesota) is a retired American ice hockey forward who was a member of the Miracle on Ice 1980 gold medal winning U.S. Olympic hockey team. ## Mike Ramsey (ice hockey) Michael Allen Ramsey (born December 3, 1960 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is a retired American professional ice hockey defenseman who played 1070 regular season games in the NHL for the Buffalo Sabres, Pittsburgh Penguins and Detroit Red Wings between 1980 and 1997, after helping the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team win the gold medal in the Miracle On Ice. ## Buzz Schneider William Conrad "Buzz" Schneider (born September 14, 1954 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota and raised in Babbitt, Minnesota) is a retired American ice hockey player best remembered for his role on the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal at Lake Placid. He was also a member of the US Olympic hockey team at the 1976 Winter Olympics. ## Jim Craig (ice hockey) James Downey Craig (born May 31, 1957) is a retired American ice hockey goaltender who is most notable for being part of the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the Olympic gold medal at the Lake Placid Winter Games. Craig had a standout Olympic tournament. In the Olympic semifinal game against the heavily favored Soviet Union, Craig stopped 36 of 39 shots on goal as the U.S. beat the Soviets, 4-3, in what is widely considered one of the greatest upsets in sports history. Two days later, the U.S. defeated Finland, 4-2, in the Olympic final and captured Olympic gold. Craig went on to play professionally in the National Hockey League, where he started for the Atlanta Flames, Boston Bruins, and Minnesota North Stars between 1980 and 1983. ## Mark Pavelich Mark Thomas Pavelich (born February 28, 1958 in Eveleth, Minnesota) is a retired US professional ice hockey forward who played 355 regular season games in the NHL for the New York Rangers, Minnesota North Stars and San Jose Sharks between 1981 and 1992 and was a member of the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal in what has been called the "Miracle on Ice". ## Dave Christian David William Christian (born May 12, 1959) is a retired American professional ice hockey forward, who comes from a family of hockey players. His father Bill and uncle Roger were members of the 1960 U.S. Olympic Hockey Team that won the gold medal. Another uncle, Gordon, was a member of the 1956 U.S. Olympic Hockey Team that won the silver medal. Bill and Roger, along with Hal Bakke, were the founders of the Christian Brothers Hockey Company based in Warroad, which until 2009, made hockey sticks. His nephew, Brock Nelson, currently plays for the New York Islanders. ## Mark Johnson (ice hockey) Mark Einar Johnson (born September 22, 1957) is an American ice hockey coach for the University of Wisconsin–Madison women's ice hockey team. He is a former NHL player who appeared in 669 NHL regular season games between 1980 and 1990. He also played for the gold medal-winning 1980 U.S. Olympic Hockey team. ## Phil Verchota Phillip John Verchota (born December 28, 1956 in Duluth, Minnesota) is a retired American ice hockey forward. He is best known for being a member of the Miracle on Ice 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal. He also played on the US hockey team at the 1984 Winter Olympics, this time as team captain. ## Eddie Cahill Edmund Patrick "Eddie" Cahill (born January 15, 1978) is an American actor best known for portraying "Miracle on Ice" goalie Jim Craig in the movie "Miracle", and for playing the roles of Tag Jones on "Friends" and Detective Don Flack on "." His most recent role was as District Attorney Conner Wallace on the ABC series "Conviction". ## Bob Suter Robert Allen Suter (May 16, 1957 – September 9, 2014) was an American former ice hockey defenseman and member of the Miracle on Ice 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team who won the gold medal. Question: In the movie "Miracle" Eddie Cahill played an athlete that was a member of the U.S. Olympic hockey team in what year? Answer: ### Response: 1980

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Anna Karenina (Carlson) Anna Karenina is an opera in two acts by American composer David Carlson, based on the novel "Anna Karenina" by Leo Tolstoy, commissioned by Florida Grand Opera to celebrate the 2007 opening of the Ziff Ballet Opera House at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, co-commissioned by Opera Theatre of Saint Louis. The libretto is by British director Colin Graham, originally contemplated for Benjamin Britten's opera commissioned by the Bolshoi Theatre (the project was cancelled by the British after the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia). Graham was to have directed the original production; after his death only weeks before the opera's opening night, the direction was taken over by Mark Streshinsky. The opera is in two acts with a prologue and an epilogue, lasting just over two hours. ## Grand Opera House (Uvalde, Texas) The Grand Opera House, also known as the Janey Slaughter Briscoe Grand Opera House is a historic theater in Uvalde, Texas. Built in 1891, it became a premier arts venue in Southwest Texas for plays, musicals, and cultural performances. The Opera house is the oldest functioning theater in the state of Texas and presents plays and concerts by local and touring companies. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 22, 1978. ## Dorothy Byrne (mezzo-soprano) Dorothy Byrne is an American operatic mezzo-soprano. She has performed leading and comprimario roles at several opera houses in the United States, including the Metropolitan Opera, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, the Chicago Opera Theater, the Boston Lyric Opera, the Des Moines Metro Opera, the Hawaii Opera Theatre, the Kentucky Opera, the Minnesota Opera, and the Opera Theatre of Saint Louis among others. She portrayed the role of Rosalind in the Glimmerglass Opera's 2005 production of Richard Rodney Bennett's "The Mines of Sulphur" and participated in the company's recording which was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording. She returned to Glimmerglass in 2006 to portray Mme. Follenvie in the world premiere of Stephen Hartke's "The Greater Good, or the Passion of Boule de Suif". In 2007 she performed the role of Lydia in the premiere of David Carlson's "Anna Karenina" at the Florida Grand Opera. ## James Westman James Westman (born September 16, 1972) is a Canadian baritone known for his interpretation of the Verdi, Puccini and bel canto operatic repertoire, and particularly his signature role of Germont in "La traviata", which he has sung in over 150 performances, with opera companies such as San Francisco Opera, Houston Grand Opera, Pittsburgh Opera, Florida Grand Opera, Graz Opera, Santa Fe Opera, Chicago Lyric Opera, Opéra de Montréal, Los Angeles Opera, Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux, Canadian Opera Company, Boston Lyric Opera, Cologne Opera, Vancouver Opera, English National Opera, San Diego Opera, Dallas Opera, Utah Opera, and Opera Theatre of St. Louis. On January 29, 2011 Westman created the lead role of Sandy Keith In the world premiere of Bramwell Tovey's The Inventor. In 2017 he played Sir John A. MacDonald in Harry Somers's Louis Riel for the Canadian Opera Company's tribute to Canada's 150th celebrations. As a recitalist, he has performed for the Marilyn Horne Foundation, Aldeburgh Connection, Aldeburgh Festival, Musikverein, Wigmore Hall, Queen Elizabeth Hall, Morgan Library & Museum, Koerner Hall, Carnegie Hall, Saito Kinen Festival in Japan, Stratford Summer Music, British Broadcasting Corporation, and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Westman first came to attention at the age of twelve when he was the first boy soprano to perform and record Mahler "4th Symphony" with Benjamin Zander and the Boston Philharmonic Orchestra in 1984. Westman is regularly featured as the Anthem singer for the Toronto Maple Leafs and numerous other NHL franchises. Four of Westman's recordings have been nominated for a Juno Award. Two recordings nominated for a Grammy Award. ## Cyrano (opera) Cyrano is an opera in three acts by David DiChiera (orchestration: Mark Flint) to a libretto in French by Bernard Uzan, based on the play "Cyrano de Bergerac" by Edmond Rostand. The opera premiered on 13 October 2007 at the Michigan Opera Theatre. It was then given February 8 to 17, 2008, at the Opera Company of Philadelphia. Florida Grand Opera presented the work in April 2011. ## Metropolitan Opera House (Saint Paul, Minnesota) The Metropolitan Opera House was a historic opera house located in Saint Paul, Minnesota located at 100 East Sixth Street. Plans to build the house began after the Grand Opera House burned down on January 21, 1889. Initial plans for the house were designed by Leroy Buffington, but his plans were abandoned due to insufficient funds. Business tycoon Robert Mannheimer eventually came to the rescue, providing half a million dollars towards the project. New plans by Charles A. Reed were used for the house which was built over a few months in 1890. The opera house opened for business that year and served as Saint Paul's opera venue until 1936. ## Florida Grand Opera Florida Grand Opera (FGO) is an American opera company based in Miami, Florida. It is the oldest performing arts organization in Florida and the seventh oldest opera company in the country. FGO stages productions at the Ziff Ballet Opera House, located in the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, and also at the Au-Rene Theater at the Broward Center for the Performing Arts in Fort Lauderdale. ## Leo Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( ; Russian: Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, "Lev Nikolajevič Tolstoj" , ] ; 9 September [O.S. 28 August] 1828 – 20 November [O.S. 7 November] 1910 ), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. ## Kirsten Chambers Kirsten Chambers is an American operatic soprano. Born in Santa Rosa, California, she has performed in leading opera houses throughout the world, including the Metropolitan Opera, Savonlinna Opera Festival, New York City Opera, Florida Grand Opera, and Opera Hong Kong, among many others. ## Oshkosh Grand Opera House The Grand Opera House is a historic opera house located at the corner of High Avenue and Market Street in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States. It was built in 1883 by Isabel the Dog, and underwent a major refurbishing in 2009–2010 at an expense of two million dollars. The roof trusses were reinforced, the ceilings were replaced, and a large chandelier was repaired. Additionally a new "Grand Lounge" was added for improved audience services and to smaller events. Today, the opera house seats 600, hosts nearly 100 public performances a year including community and repertory theater, symphony orchestra, corporate meetings and weddings; it is operated by the non-profit Oshkosh Opera House foundation. The theater was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Question: In which year was the Russian author who wrote the novel which inspired the opera commissioned by Florida Grand Opera to celebrate the 2007 opening of the Ziff Ballet Opera House born? Answer:

1828

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Anna Karenina (Carlson) Anna Karenina is an opera in two acts by American composer David Carlson, based on the novel "Anna Karenina" by Leo Tolstoy, commissioned by Florida Grand Opera to celebrate the 2007 opening of the Ziff Ballet Opera House at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, co-commissioned by Opera Theatre of Saint Louis. The libretto is by British director Colin Graham, originally contemplated for Benjamin Britten's opera commissioned by the Bolshoi Theatre (the project was cancelled by the British after the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia). Graham was to have directed the original production; after his death only weeks before the opera's opening night, the direction was taken over by Mark Streshinsky. The opera is in two acts with a prologue and an epilogue, lasting just over two hours. ## Grand Opera House (Uvalde, Texas) The Grand Opera House, also known as the Janey Slaughter Briscoe Grand Opera House is a historic theater in Uvalde, Texas. Built in 1891, it became a premier arts venue in Southwest Texas for plays, musicals, and cultural performances. The Opera house is the oldest functioning theater in the state of Texas and presents plays and concerts by local and touring companies. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 22, 1978. ## Dorothy Byrne (mezzo-soprano) Dorothy Byrne is an American operatic mezzo-soprano. She has performed leading and comprimario roles at several opera houses in the United States, including the Metropolitan Opera, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, the Chicago Opera Theater, the Boston Lyric Opera, the Des Moines Metro Opera, the Hawaii Opera Theatre, the Kentucky Opera, the Minnesota Opera, and the Opera Theatre of Saint Louis among others. She portrayed the role of Rosalind in the Glimmerglass Opera's 2005 production of Richard Rodney Bennett's "The Mines of Sulphur" and participated in the company's recording which was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording. She returned to Glimmerglass in 2006 to portray Mme. Follenvie in the world premiere of Stephen Hartke's "The Greater Good, or the Passion of Boule de Suif". In 2007 she performed the role of Lydia in the premiere of David Carlson's "Anna Karenina" at the Florida Grand Opera. ## James Westman James Westman (born September 16, 1972) is a Canadian baritone known for his interpretation of the Verdi, Puccini and bel canto operatic repertoire, and particularly his signature role of Germont in "La traviata", which he has sung in over 150 performances, with opera companies such as San Francisco Opera, Houston Grand Opera, Pittsburgh Opera, Florida Grand Opera, Graz Opera, Santa Fe Opera, Chicago Lyric Opera, Opéra de Montréal, Los Angeles Opera, Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux, Canadian Opera Company, Boston Lyric Opera, Cologne Opera, Vancouver Opera, English National Opera, San Diego Opera, Dallas Opera, Utah Opera, and Opera Theatre of St. Louis. On January 29, 2011 Westman created the lead role of Sandy Keith In the world premiere of Bramwell Tovey's The Inventor. In 2017 he played Sir John A. MacDonald in Harry Somers's Louis Riel for the Canadian Opera Company's tribute to Canada's 150th celebrations. As a recitalist, he has performed for the Marilyn Horne Foundation, Aldeburgh Connection, Aldeburgh Festival, Musikverein, Wigmore Hall, Queen Elizabeth Hall, Morgan Library & Museum, Koerner Hall, Carnegie Hall, Saito Kinen Festival in Japan, Stratford Summer Music, British Broadcasting Corporation, and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Westman first came to attention at the age of twelve when he was the first boy soprano to perform and record Mahler "4th Symphony" with Benjamin Zander and the Boston Philharmonic Orchestra in 1984. Westman is regularly featured as the Anthem singer for the Toronto Maple Leafs and numerous other NHL franchises. Four of Westman's recordings have been nominated for a Juno Award. Two recordings nominated for a Grammy Award. ## Cyrano (opera) Cyrano is an opera in three acts by David DiChiera (orchestration: Mark Flint) to a libretto in French by Bernard Uzan, based on the play "Cyrano de Bergerac" by Edmond Rostand. The opera premiered on 13 October 2007 at the Michigan Opera Theatre. It was then given February 8 to 17, 2008, at the Opera Company of Philadelphia. Florida Grand Opera presented the work in April 2011. ## Metropolitan Opera House (Saint Paul, Minnesota) The Metropolitan Opera House was a historic opera house located in Saint Paul, Minnesota located at 100 East Sixth Street. Plans to build the house began after the Grand Opera House burned down on January 21, 1889. Initial plans for the house were designed by Leroy Buffington, but his plans were abandoned due to insufficient funds. Business tycoon Robert Mannheimer eventually came to the rescue, providing half a million dollars towards the project. New plans by Charles A. Reed were used for the house which was built over a few months in 1890. The opera house opened for business that year and served as Saint Paul's opera venue until 1936. ## Florida Grand Opera Florida Grand Opera (FGO) is an American opera company based in Miami, Florida. It is the oldest performing arts organization in Florida and the seventh oldest opera company in the country. FGO stages productions at the Ziff Ballet Opera House, located in the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, and also at the Au-Rene Theater at the Broward Center for the Performing Arts in Fort Lauderdale. ## Leo Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( ; Russian: Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, "Lev Nikolajevič Tolstoj" , ] ; 9 September [O.S. 28 August] 1828 – 20 November [O.S. 7 November] 1910 ), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. ## Kirsten Chambers Kirsten Chambers is an American operatic soprano. Born in Santa Rosa, California, she has performed in leading opera houses throughout the world, including the Metropolitan Opera, Savonlinna Opera Festival, New York City Opera, Florida Grand Opera, and Opera Hong Kong, among many others. ## Oshkosh Grand Opera House The Grand Opera House is a historic opera house located at the corner of High Avenue and Market Street in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States. It was built in 1883 by Isabel the Dog, and underwent a major refurbishing in 2009–2010 at an expense of two million dollars. The roof trusses were reinforced, the ceilings were replaced, and a large chandelier was repaired. Additionally a new "Grand Lounge" was added for improved audience services and to smaller events. Today, the opera house seats 600, hosts nearly 100 public performances a year including community and repertory theater, symphony orchestra, corporate meetings and weddings; it is operated by the non-profit Oshkosh Opera House foundation. The theater was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Question: In which year was the Russian author who wrote the novel which inspired the opera commissioned by Florida Grand Opera to celebrate the 2007 opening of the Ziff Ballet Opera House born? Answer: ### Response: 1828

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Human trafficking in Djibouti Djibouti is a transit and, to a lesser extent, a source and destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically conditions of forced labor and forced prostitution. There is little verifiable data on the human trafficking situation in Djibouti. Large numbers of voluntary economic migrants from Ethiopia and Somalia pass illegally through Djibouti en route to Yemen and other locations in the Middle East; among this group, a small number of women and girls may fall victim to involuntary domestic servitude or forced commercial sexual exploitation after reaching Djibouti City or the Ethiopia-Djibouti trucking corridor. An unknown number of migrants – men, women, and children – are subjected to conditions of forced labor and forced prostitution after reaching Yemen and other destinations in the Middle East. Djibouti’s large refugee population – consisting of Somalis, Ethiopians, and Eritreans – as well as foreign street children remain vulnerable to various forms of exploitation within the country, including human trafficking. Older street children reportedly act, at times, as pimps for younger children. A small number of girls from impoverished Djiboutian families may engage in prostitution with the encouragement of family members or other persons in prostitution. Members of foreign militaries stationed in Djibouti contribute to the demand for women and girls in prostitution, including trafficking victims. ## Spamigation Spamigation is mass litigation conducted to intimidate large numbers of people. The term was coined by Brad Templeton of the Electronic Frontier Foundation to explain the tactics of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), which files large numbers of lawsuits against individuals for file sharing, and DirecTV, which once filed large numbers of lawsuits against users of smart cards. ## Claus Schilling Claus Karl Schilling (born 5 July 1871 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; died 28 May 1946 in Landsberg am Lech, Bavaria, West Germany), also recorded as Klaus Schilling, was a German tropical medicine specialist, particularly remembered for his infamous participation in the Nazi human experiments at the Dachau concentration camp during World War II. ## Santa Claus in film Motion pictures featuring Santa Claus abound and apparently constitute their own subgenre of the Christmas film genre. Early films of Santa revolve around similar simple plots of Santa's Christmas Eve visit to children. In 1897, in a short film called "Santa Claus Filling Stockings", Santa Claus is simply filling stockings from his pack of toys. Another film called "Santa Claus and the Children" was made in 1898. A year later, a film directed by George Albert Smith in titled "Santa Claus" (or "The Visit from Santa Claus" in the United Kingdom) was created. In this picture, Santa Claus enters the room from the fireplace and proceeds to trim the tree. He then fills the stockings that were previously hung on the mantle by the children. After walking backward and surveying his work, he suddenly darts at the fireplace and disappears up the chimney. "Santa Claus' Visit" in 1900 featured a scene with two little children kneeling at the feet of their mother and saying their prayers. The mother tucks the children snugly in bed and leaves the room. Santa Claus suddenly appears on the roof, just outside the children's bedroom window, and proceeds to enter the chimney, taking with him his bag of presents and a little hand sled for one of the children. He goes down the chimney and suddenly appears in the children's room through the fireplace. He distributes the presents and mysteriously causes the appearance of a Christmas tree laden with gifts. The scene closes with the children waking up and running to the fireplace just too late to catch him by the legs. A 1909 film by D. W. Griffith titled "A Trap for Santa Claus" shows children setting a trap to capture Santa Claus as he descends the chimney, but instead capture their father who abandoned them and their mother but tries to burglarize the house after he discovers she inherited a fortune. A twenty-nine-minute 1925 silent film production titled "Santa Claus", by explorer/documentarian Frank E. Kleinschmidt, filmed partly in northern Alaska, feature Santa in his workshop, visiting his Eskimo neighbors, and tending his reindeer. A year later, another movie titled "Santa Claus" was produced with sound on De Forest Phonofilm. Over the years, various actors have donned the red suit (aside from those discussed below), including Monty Woolley in "Life Begins at Eight-thirty" (1942), Alberto Rabagliati in "The Christmas That Almost Wasn't" (1966), Dan Aykroyd in "Trading Places" (1983), Jan Rubes in "One Magic Christmas" (1985), David Huddleston in "" (1985), Jonathan Taylor Thomas in "I'll Be Home for Christmas" (1998), and Ed Asner in "Elf" (2003). Later films about Santa vary, but can be divided into the following themes. ## Kurt Plötner Kurt Friedrich Plötner (19 October 190526 February 1984) was a Nazi Party member and doctor who conducted human experimentation on Jews and Soviet prisoners of war in German concentration camps. American intelligence recruited him to work for the United States in 1945. He returned to the medical field as a professor at the University of Freiburg in West Germany after working for the Americans and living under an alias. ## List of medical eponyms with Nazi associations This article lists medical eponyms which have been associated with Nazi human experimentation or Nazi politics. While normally eponyms used in medicine serve to honor the memory of the physician or researcher who first documented a disease or pioneered a procedure, the propriety of such names resulting from unethical research practices is controversial. In some cases terms closely related to doctors in the Nazi era have fallen out of favor or there are active lobbying efforts to remove the original name from use. In other cases their use in the medical literature is sometimes presented with a caveat or footnote. ## Unethical human experimentation Unethical human experimentation is human experimentation that violates the principles of medical ethics, such as the Nuremberg Code and the Declaration of Helsinki. It has been performed by countries including Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, North Korea, People's Republic of China, Baathist Iraq, United States, and the Soviet Union. Examples include Project MKUltra, Unit 731, and the experiments of Josef Mengele. ## Nazi human experimentation Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on large numbers of prisoners, including children, by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps in the early to mid 1940s, during World War II and the Holocaust. Chief target populations included Romani, Sinti, ethnic Poles, Soviet POWs, disabled Germans, and most prominently of all, Jews from across Europe. ## Kurt Heissmeyer Kurt Heissmeyer (December 26, 1905 – August 29, 1967) was a Nazi SS physician involved in medical experimentation on concentration camp inmates including children. ## Medical torture Medical torture describes the involvement of, or sometimes instigation by, medical personnel in acts of torture, either to judge what victims can endure, to apply treatments which will enhance torture, or as torturers in their own right. Medical torture overlaps with medical interrogation if it involves the use of professional medical expertise to facilitate interrogation or corporal punishment, in the conduct of torturous human experimentation or in providing professional medical sanction and approval for the torture of prisoners. Medical torture also covers torturous scientific (or pseudo-scientific) experimentation upon unwilling human subjects. Question: Where did Claus Schilling participate in Nazi human experimentation on large numbers of prisoners, including children? Answer:

Dachau concentration camp

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Human trafficking in Djibouti Djibouti is a transit and, to a lesser extent, a source and destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically conditions of forced labor and forced prostitution. There is little verifiable data on the human trafficking situation in Djibouti. Large numbers of voluntary economic migrants from Ethiopia and Somalia pass illegally through Djibouti en route to Yemen and other locations in the Middle East; among this group, a small number of women and girls may fall victim to involuntary domestic servitude or forced commercial sexual exploitation after reaching Djibouti City or the Ethiopia-Djibouti trucking corridor. An unknown number of migrants – men, women, and children – are subjected to conditions of forced labor and forced prostitution after reaching Yemen and other destinations in the Middle East. Djibouti’s large refugee population – consisting of Somalis, Ethiopians, and Eritreans – as well as foreign street children remain vulnerable to various forms of exploitation within the country, including human trafficking. Older street children reportedly act, at times, as pimps for younger children. A small number of girls from impoverished Djiboutian families may engage in prostitution with the encouragement of family members or other persons in prostitution. Members of foreign militaries stationed in Djibouti contribute to the demand for women and girls in prostitution, including trafficking victims. ## Spamigation Spamigation is mass litigation conducted to intimidate large numbers of people. The term was coined by Brad Templeton of the Electronic Frontier Foundation to explain the tactics of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), which files large numbers of lawsuits against individuals for file sharing, and DirecTV, which once filed large numbers of lawsuits against users of smart cards. ## Claus Schilling Claus Karl Schilling (born 5 July 1871 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; died 28 May 1946 in Landsberg am Lech, Bavaria, West Germany), also recorded as Klaus Schilling, was a German tropical medicine specialist, particularly remembered for his infamous participation in the Nazi human experiments at the Dachau concentration camp during World War II. ## Santa Claus in film Motion pictures featuring Santa Claus abound and apparently constitute their own subgenre of the Christmas film genre. Early films of Santa revolve around similar simple plots of Santa's Christmas Eve visit to children. In 1897, in a short film called "Santa Claus Filling Stockings", Santa Claus is simply filling stockings from his pack of toys. Another film called "Santa Claus and the Children" was made in 1898. A year later, a film directed by George Albert Smith in titled "Santa Claus" (or "The Visit from Santa Claus" in the United Kingdom) was created. In this picture, Santa Claus enters the room from the fireplace and proceeds to trim the tree. He then fills the stockings that were previously hung on the mantle by the children. After walking backward and surveying his work, he suddenly darts at the fireplace and disappears up the chimney. "Santa Claus' Visit" in 1900 featured a scene with two little children kneeling at the feet of their mother and saying their prayers. The mother tucks the children snugly in bed and leaves the room. Santa Claus suddenly appears on the roof, just outside the children's bedroom window, and proceeds to enter the chimney, taking with him his bag of presents and a little hand sled for one of the children. He goes down the chimney and suddenly appears in the children's room through the fireplace. He distributes the presents and mysteriously causes the appearance of a Christmas tree laden with gifts. The scene closes with the children waking up and running to the fireplace just too late to catch him by the legs. A 1909 film by D. W. Griffith titled "A Trap for Santa Claus" shows children setting a trap to capture Santa Claus as he descends the chimney, but instead capture their father who abandoned them and their mother but tries to burglarize the house after he discovers she inherited a fortune. A twenty-nine-minute 1925 silent film production titled "Santa Claus", by explorer/documentarian Frank E. Kleinschmidt, filmed partly in northern Alaska, feature Santa in his workshop, visiting his Eskimo neighbors, and tending his reindeer. A year later, another movie titled "Santa Claus" was produced with sound on De Forest Phonofilm. Over the years, various actors have donned the red suit (aside from those discussed below), including Monty Woolley in "Life Begins at Eight-thirty" (1942), Alberto Rabagliati in "The Christmas That Almost Wasn't" (1966), Dan Aykroyd in "Trading Places" (1983), Jan Rubes in "One Magic Christmas" (1985), David Huddleston in "" (1985), Jonathan Taylor Thomas in "I'll Be Home for Christmas" (1998), and Ed Asner in "Elf" (2003). Later films about Santa vary, but can be divided into the following themes. ## Kurt Plötner Kurt Friedrich Plötner (19 October 190526 February 1984) was a Nazi Party member and doctor who conducted human experimentation on Jews and Soviet prisoners of war in German concentration camps. American intelligence recruited him to work for the United States in 1945. He returned to the medical field as a professor at the University of Freiburg in West Germany after working for the Americans and living under an alias. ## List of medical eponyms with Nazi associations This article lists medical eponyms which have been associated with Nazi human experimentation or Nazi politics. While normally eponyms used in medicine serve to honor the memory of the physician or researcher who first documented a disease or pioneered a procedure, the propriety of such names resulting from unethical research practices is controversial. In some cases terms closely related to doctors in the Nazi era have fallen out of favor or there are active lobbying efforts to remove the original name from use. In other cases their use in the medical literature is sometimes presented with a caveat or footnote. ## Unethical human experimentation Unethical human experimentation is human experimentation that violates the principles of medical ethics, such as the Nuremberg Code and the Declaration of Helsinki. It has been performed by countries including Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, North Korea, People's Republic of China, Baathist Iraq, United States, and the Soviet Union. Examples include Project MKUltra, Unit 731, and the experiments of Josef Mengele. ## Nazi human experimentation Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on large numbers of prisoners, including children, by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps in the early to mid 1940s, during World War II and the Holocaust. Chief target populations included Romani, Sinti, ethnic Poles, Soviet POWs, disabled Germans, and most prominently of all, Jews from across Europe. ## Kurt Heissmeyer Kurt Heissmeyer (December 26, 1905 – August 29, 1967) was a Nazi SS physician involved in medical experimentation on concentration camp inmates including children. ## Medical torture Medical torture describes the involvement of, or sometimes instigation by, medical personnel in acts of torture, either to judge what victims can endure, to apply treatments which will enhance torture, or as torturers in their own right. Medical torture overlaps with medical interrogation if it involves the use of professional medical expertise to facilitate interrogation or corporal punishment, in the conduct of torturous human experimentation or in providing professional medical sanction and approval for the torture of prisoners. Medical torture also covers torturous scientific (or pseudo-scientific) experimentation upon unwilling human subjects. Question: Where did Claus Schilling participate in Nazi human experimentation on large numbers of prisoners, including children? Answer: ### Response: Dachau concentration camp

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## 1996 Meta Styrian Open – Doubles Silvia Farina and Andrea Temesvári were the defending champions but did not compete that year. ## Dawid Olejniczak Dawid Olejniczak (] ; born March 1, 1983 in Łódź) is a Polish tennis player. He achieved his highest singles ranking of 185 on 11 August 2008, his current ranking is 251. In the doubles rankings, Olejniczak can be found at the 221st position, his highest ranking being 206 (17 July 2006). ## Andrea Temesvári Andrea Temesvári (born 26 April 1966) is a former professional tennis player from Hungary. She won the Italian Open at age sixteen, but injuries would later hamper her career. ## 1983 Italian Open (tennis) The 1983 Italian Open was a tennis tournament that was played by men on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome in Italy and was part of the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. The women's tournament was played on outdoor clay courts in Perugia in Italy and was part of the 1983 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The men's tournament was held from 16 May through 22 May 1983 while the women's tournament was played from 2 May through 8 May 1983. Jimmy Arias and Andrea Temesvári won the singles titles. ## 1986 French Open – Women's Doubles The Women's Doubles tournament at the 1986 French Open was held from 26 May until 8 June 1986 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Martina Navratilova and Andrea Temesvári won the title, defeating Steffi Graf and Gabriela Sabatini in the final. ## 1989 United Jersey Bank Classic – Singles Steffi Graf was the defending champion and won in the final 7–5, 6–2 against Andrea Temesvári. ## Ryan Harrison (tennis) Ryan Harrison (born May 7, 1992) is an American professional tennis player. Harrison has won one career ATP title, his lone victory so far coming at the 2017 Memphis Open. He is currently the 5th-highest ranked U.S.men's singles player. ## 1985 U.S. Clay Court Championships The 1985 U.S. Clay Court Championships was a men's Grand Prix and women's Championship Series tennis tournament held in Indianapolis in the United States and played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and was held from July 21 to July 29, 1985. Ivan Lendl and Andrea Temesvári won the singles titles. ## 1983 U.S. Clay Court Championships The 1983 U.S. Clay Court Championships (also known as the 1983 U.S. Open Clay Courts) was a men's Grand Prix and women's Championship Series tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Indianapolis in the United States. It was the 15th edition of the tournament and was held from July 31 through August 7, 1983. Jimmy Arias and Andrea Temesvári won the singles titles. ## Michael Venus (tennis) Michael Venus (born 16 October 1987) is a New Zealand professional tennis player. He reached a career high singles ranking of 274 in July 2011, but is much better known as a leading doubles player with a huge serve. His highest ranking in this discipline is 12, gained in July 2017. He won the final of the 2017 French Open partnering with American Ryan Harrison, and followed that with a runner-up finish in the 2017 US Open mixed doubles with Chan Hao-ching of Chinese Taipei as his partner. Question: Who hold a more current ranking, Andrea Temesvári or Ryan Harrison? Answer:

Ryan Harrison

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## 1996 Meta Styrian Open – Doubles Silvia Farina and Andrea Temesvári were the defending champions but did not compete that year. ## Dawid Olejniczak Dawid Olejniczak (] ; born March 1, 1983 in Łódź) is a Polish tennis player. He achieved his highest singles ranking of 185 on 11 August 2008, his current ranking is 251. In the doubles rankings, Olejniczak can be found at the 221st position, his highest ranking being 206 (17 July 2006). ## Andrea Temesvári Andrea Temesvári (born 26 April 1966) is a former professional tennis player from Hungary. She won the Italian Open at age sixteen, but injuries would later hamper her career. ## 1983 Italian Open (tennis) The 1983 Italian Open was a tennis tournament that was played by men on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome in Italy and was part of the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. The women's tournament was played on outdoor clay courts in Perugia in Italy and was part of the 1983 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The men's tournament was held from 16 May through 22 May 1983 while the women's tournament was played from 2 May through 8 May 1983. Jimmy Arias and Andrea Temesvári won the singles titles. ## 1986 French Open – Women's Doubles The Women's Doubles tournament at the 1986 French Open was held from 26 May until 8 June 1986 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Martina Navratilova and Andrea Temesvári won the title, defeating Steffi Graf and Gabriela Sabatini in the final. ## 1989 United Jersey Bank Classic – Singles Steffi Graf was the defending champion and won in the final 7–5, 6–2 against Andrea Temesvári. ## Ryan Harrison (tennis) Ryan Harrison (born May 7, 1992) is an American professional tennis player. Harrison has won one career ATP title, his lone victory so far coming at the 2017 Memphis Open. He is currently the 5th-highest ranked U.S.men's singles player. ## 1985 U.S. Clay Court Championships The 1985 U.S. Clay Court Championships was a men's Grand Prix and women's Championship Series tennis tournament held in Indianapolis in the United States and played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and was held from July 21 to July 29, 1985. Ivan Lendl and Andrea Temesvári won the singles titles. ## 1983 U.S. Clay Court Championships The 1983 U.S. Clay Court Championships (also known as the 1983 U.S. Open Clay Courts) was a men's Grand Prix and women's Championship Series tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Indianapolis in the United States. It was the 15th edition of the tournament and was held from July 31 through August 7, 1983. Jimmy Arias and Andrea Temesvári won the singles titles. ## Michael Venus (tennis) Michael Venus (born 16 October 1987) is a New Zealand professional tennis player. He reached a career high singles ranking of 274 in July 2011, but is much better known as a leading doubles player with a huge serve. His highest ranking in this discipline is 12, gained in July 2017. He won the final of the 2017 French Open partnering with American Ryan Harrison, and followed that with a runner-up finish in the 2017 US Open mixed doubles with Chan Hao-ching of Chinese Taipei as his partner. Question: Who hold a more current ranking, Andrea Temesvári or Ryan Harrison? Answer: ### Response: Ryan Harrison

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Huron Cemetery The Huron Indian Cemetery in Kansas City, Kansas, also known as Huron Park Cemetery, is now formally known as the Wyandot National Burying Ground. It was established circa 1843, soon after the Wyandot had arrived following removal from Ohio. The tribe settled in the area for years, with many in 1855 accepting allotment of lands in Kansas in severalty. The majority of the Wyandot removed to Oklahoma in 1867, where they maintained tribal institutions and communal property. As a federally recognized tribe, they had legal control over the communal property of Huron Cemetery. For more than 100 years, the property has been a source of controversy between the federally recognized Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma, which wanted to sell it for redevelopment, and the much smaller present-day Wyandot Nation of Kansas, which wanted to preserve the burying ground. ## Serkan Çeliköz Serkan Çeliköz (born July 27, 1975 in Istanbul) is a Turkish musician, songwriter, arranger, record producer and the original keyboard player for Turkish rock band Kargo. Towards the end of 2008, Serkan Çeliköz and Koray Candemir decided to end their involvement with Kargo due to vision and opinion differences with the other members. Together they formed their new band 'maSKott' and are currently living in Seattle while working on new projects between tour dates to promote their new album Tuval. In addition to his work with Kargo and maSKott, he is known for his ability to play many instruments and being a producer. ## Oklahoma Organic Act An Organic Act is a generic name for a statute used by the United States Congress to describe a territory, in anticipation of being admitted to the Union as a state. Because of Oklahoma's unique history, (much of the state was a place where aboriginal natives have always lived and after forced removal many other tribes were relocated here), an explanation of the Oklahoma Organic Act needs a historic perspective. In general, the Oklahoma Organic Act may be viewed as one of a series of legislative acts, from the time of Reconstruction, enacted by Congress in preparation for the creation of a unified State of Oklahoma. The Organic Act created Oklahoma Territory, and Indian Territory that were Organized incorporated territories of the United States out of the old "unorganized" Indian Territory. The Oklahoma Organic Act was one of several acts whose intent was the assimilation of the tribes in Oklahoma and Indian Territories through the elimination of tribal reservations and the elimination of the tribes' communal ownership of property. ## Chesapeake Energy Arena Chesapeake Energy Arena, originally known as the Ford Center from 2002 to 2010 and Oklahoma City Arena until 2011, is an arena located in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States. It opened in 2002 and since 2008 has served as the home venue of the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Previously, Chesapeake Energy Arena was home to the Oklahoma City Blazers of the Central Hockey League (CHL) from 2002 until the team folded in July 2009, and the Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz of AF2 from 2004 to 2009 when the team moved to the Cox Convention Center. In addition to its use as a sports venue, Chesapeake Energy Arena hosts concerts, family and social events, conventions, ice shows, and civic events. The arena is owned by the city and operated by the SMG property management company and has 18,203 seats in the basketball configuration, 15,152 for hockey, and can seat up to 16,591 for concerts. ## Serkan Özkaya Serkan Özkaya (1973) is a Turkish-American conceptual artist whose work deals with topics of appropriation and reproduction. He typically operates outside of traditional art spaces and often makes multiple versions of even his own work including his most noted work David (inspired by Michelangelo). Özkaya’s artworks are held in the permanent collections of the İstanbul Modern and Borusan Contemporary Art in Istanbul, as well as three different 21c Museum Hotels locations—Louisville, Kentucky; Bentonville, Arkansas; and Nashville, Tennessee. ## Koray Candemir Koray Candemir (born August 7, 1975 in Istanbul) is a Turkish musician, songwriter, and record producer. He used to be the lead singer of the Turkish rock band Kargo. Towards the end of 2008, Koray Candemir and Serkan Celikoz, has decided to end their involvement with Kargo, due to vision and opinion differences with the other members of Kargo. They have formed their new band which is named 'maSKott'. They are currently in Seattle working on their new projects and have plans to release a single and an album soon. Besides singing, Koray also plays the guitar in Kargo and maSKott. In addition to his musical work, he is known for his acting and charity work. ## 21c Museum Hotels 21c Museum Hotels is a Louisville-based combination contemporary art museum and boutique hotel chain. As of 2017, it manages seven properties in Louisville, Kentucky; Lexington, Kentucky; Cincinnati, Ohio; Bentonville, Arkansas, Durham, North Carolina, Oklahoma City, OK, and Nashville, Tennessee. ## News from Nowhere News from Nowhere (1890) is a classic work combining utopian socialism and soft science fiction written by the artist, designer and socialist pioneer William Morris. It was first published in serial form in the "Commonweal" journal beginning on 11 January 1890. In the novel, the narrator, William Guest, falls asleep after returning from a meeting of the Socialist League and awakes to find himself in a future society based on common ownership and democratic control of the means of production. In this society there is no private property, no big cities, no authority, no monetary system, no divorce, no courts, no prisons, and no class systems. This agrarian society functions simply because the people find pleasure in nature, and therefore they find pleasure in their work. ## Oklahoma Right To Farm SQ 777 The State Question 777 is an amendment that was proposed to the Oklahoma Constitution that voters had the chance to reject or approve during the general election last November. There was lots of controversy surrounding this amendment, supporters referred to State Question 777 as the ‘right to farm’, while opposition groups referred to it as the ‘right to harm’. The amendment states, “To protect agriculture as a vital sector of Oklahoma’s economy, which provides food, energy, health benefits, and security and is the foundation and stabilizing force of Oklahoma’s economy, the rights of citizens and lawful residents of Oklahoma to engage in farming and ranching practices shall be forever guaranteed in this state. The Legislature shall pass no law which abridges the right of citizens and lawful residents of Oklahoma to employ agricultural technology and livestock production and ranching practices without a compelling state interest. Nothing in this section shall be construed to modify any provision of common law or statutes relating to trespass, eminent domain, dominance of mineral interests, easements, rights of way or any other property rights. Nothing in this section shall be construed to modify or enact any statute or ordinance enacted by the Legislature or any political subdivision prior to December 31, 2014”. This poorly written amendment leaves room for much of it to be interpreted in different ways, which will cause numerous lawsuits, and does not benefit the people and local farmers of Oklahoma, however it hurts them in many ways. ## Mental property A mental property or a mind property is a property of a/the mind. The term is mostly used in philosophy of mind, without prejudice as to the ontological status of mental properties. Examples might include general properties, such as being able to think or remember, or more specific actions such as "having a thought about Paris". The term is often used in the context of the mind body problem. For (non eliminative) physicalists, mental properties are a kind of high level property which can be understood in terms of fine-grained neural activity. Property dualists, on the other hand, claim that no such reductive explanation is possible. Eliminativists may reject the existence of mental properties, or at least of those corresponding to folk psychological categories such as thought and memory. Some philosophers seek to find a unifying characteristic for the generally accepted mental properties: a famous example is Franz Brentano's claim that all mental properties are characterised by intentionality or "aboutness". Question: which property in Oklahoma can you find Serkan Ozkaya's work? Answer:

21c Museum Hotels

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Huron Cemetery The Huron Indian Cemetery in Kansas City, Kansas, also known as Huron Park Cemetery, is now formally known as the Wyandot National Burying Ground. It was established circa 1843, soon after the Wyandot had arrived following removal from Ohio. The tribe settled in the area for years, with many in 1855 accepting allotment of lands in Kansas in severalty. The majority of the Wyandot removed to Oklahoma in 1867, where they maintained tribal institutions and communal property. As a federally recognized tribe, they had legal control over the communal property of Huron Cemetery. For more than 100 years, the property has been a source of controversy between the federally recognized Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma, which wanted to sell it for redevelopment, and the much smaller present-day Wyandot Nation of Kansas, which wanted to preserve the burying ground. ## Serkan Çeliköz Serkan Çeliköz (born July 27, 1975 in Istanbul) is a Turkish musician, songwriter, arranger, record producer and the original keyboard player for Turkish rock band Kargo. Towards the end of 2008, Serkan Çeliköz and Koray Candemir decided to end their involvement with Kargo due to vision and opinion differences with the other members. Together they formed their new band 'maSKott' and are currently living in Seattle while working on new projects between tour dates to promote their new album Tuval. In addition to his work with Kargo and maSKott, he is known for his ability to play many instruments and being a producer. ## Oklahoma Organic Act An Organic Act is a generic name for a statute used by the United States Congress to describe a territory, in anticipation of being admitted to the Union as a state. Because of Oklahoma's unique history, (much of the state was a place where aboriginal natives have always lived and after forced removal many other tribes were relocated here), an explanation of the Oklahoma Organic Act needs a historic perspective. In general, the Oklahoma Organic Act may be viewed as one of a series of legislative acts, from the time of Reconstruction, enacted by Congress in preparation for the creation of a unified State of Oklahoma. The Organic Act created Oklahoma Territory, and Indian Territory that were Organized incorporated territories of the United States out of the old "unorganized" Indian Territory. The Oklahoma Organic Act was one of several acts whose intent was the assimilation of the tribes in Oklahoma and Indian Territories through the elimination of tribal reservations and the elimination of the tribes' communal ownership of property. ## Chesapeake Energy Arena Chesapeake Energy Arena, originally known as the Ford Center from 2002 to 2010 and Oklahoma City Arena until 2011, is an arena located in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States. It opened in 2002 and since 2008 has served as the home venue of the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Previously, Chesapeake Energy Arena was home to the Oklahoma City Blazers of the Central Hockey League (CHL) from 2002 until the team folded in July 2009, and the Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz of AF2 from 2004 to 2009 when the team moved to the Cox Convention Center. In addition to its use as a sports venue, Chesapeake Energy Arena hosts concerts, family and social events, conventions, ice shows, and civic events. The arena is owned by the city and operated by the SMG property management company and has 18,203 seats in the basketball configuration, 15,152 for hockey, and can seat up to 16,591 for concerts. ## Serkan Özkaya Serkan Özkaya (1973) is a Turkish-American conceptual artist whose work deals with topics of appropriation and reproduction. He typically operates outside of traditional art spaces and often makes multiple versions of even his own work including his most noted work David (inspired by Michelangelo). Özkaya’s artworks are held in the permanent collections of the İstanbul Modern and Borusan Contemporary Art in Istanbul, as well as three different 21c Museum Hotels locations—Louisville, Kentucky; Bentonville, Arkansas; and Nashville, Tennessee. ## Koray Candemir Koray Candemir (born August 7, 1975 in Istanbul) is a Turkish musician, songwriter, and record producer. He used to be the lead singer of the Turkish rock band Kargo. Towards the end of 2008, Koray Candemir and Serkan Celikoz, has decided to end their involvement with Kargo, due to vision and opinion differences with the other members of Kargo. They have formed their new band which is named 'maSKott'. They are currently in Seattle working on their new projects and have plans to release a single and an album soon. Besides singing, Koray also plays the guitar in Kargo and maSKott. In addition to his musical work, he is known for his acting and charity work. ## 21c Museum Hotels 21c Museum Hotels is a Louisville-based combination contemporary art museum and boutique hotel chain. As of 2017, it manages seven properties in Louisville, Kentucky; Lexington, Kentucky; Cincinnati, Ohio; Bentonville, Arkansas, Durham, North Carolina, Oklahoma City, OK, and Nashville, Tennessee. ## News from Nowhere News from Nowhere (1890) is a classic work combining utopian socialism and soft science fiction written by the artist, designer and socialist pioneer William Morris. It was first published in serial form in the "Commonweal" journal beginning on 11 January 1890. In the novel, the narrator, William Guest, falls asleep after returning from a meeting of the Socialist League and awakes to find himself in a future society based on common ownership and democratic control of the means of production. In this society there is no private property, no big cities, no authority, no monetary system, no divorce, no courts, no prisons, and no class systems. This agrarian society functions simply because the people find pleasure in nature, and therefore they find pleasure in their work. ## Oklahoma Right To Farm SQ 777 The State Question 777 is an amendment that was proposed to the Oklahoma Constitution that voters had the chance to reject or approve during the general election last November. There was lots of controversy surrounding this amendment, supporters referred to State Question 777 as the ‘right to farm’, while opposition groups referred to it as the ‘right to harm’. The amendment states, “To protect agriculture as a vital sector of Oklahoma’s economy, which provides food, energy, health benefits, and security and is the foundation and stabilizing force of Oklahoma’s economy, the rights of citizens and lawful residents of Oklahoma to engage in farming and ranching practices shall be forever guaranteed in this state. The Legislature shall pass no law which abridges the right of citizens and lawful residents of Oklahoma to employ agricultural technology and livestock production and ranching practices without a compelling state interest. Nothing in this section shall be construed to modify any provision of common law or statutes relating to trespass, eminent domain, dominance of mineral interests, easements, rights of way or any other property rights. Nothing in this section shall be construed to modify or enact any statute or ordinance enacted by the Legislature or any political subdivision prior to December 31, 2014”. This poorly written amendment leaves room for much of it to be interpreted in different ways, which will cause numerous lawsuits, and does not benefit the people and local farmers of Oklahoma, however it hurts them in many ways. ## Mental property A mental property or a mind property is a property of a/the mind. The term is mostly used in philosophy of mind, without prejudice as to the ontological status of mental properties. Examples might include general properties, such as being able to think or remember, or more specific actions such as "having a thought about Paris". The term is often used in the context of the mind body problem. For (non eliminative) physicalists, mental properties are a kind of high level property which can be understood in terms of fine-grained neural activity. Property dualists, on the other hand, claim that no such reductive explanation is possible. Eliminativists may reject the existence of mental properties, or at least of those corresponding to folk psychological categories such as thought and memory. Some philosophers seek to find a unifying characteristic for the generally accepted mental properties: a famous example is Franz Brentano's claim that all mental properties are characterised by intentionality or "aboutness". Question: which property in Oklahoma can you find Serkan Ozkaya's work? Answer: ### Response: 21c Museum Hotels

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Moonlighter Presents Moonlighter Presents is a lecture series based in Brooklyn, New York dedicated to non-expertise and the art of public speaking. Founded in September 2010, the series evolved as a reaction to the increased emphasis on professionalization in academia and the art world. Event organizers invite scholars and professionals to address topics outside their fields of expertise or consider their work from unusual perspectives. There are no topics or themes. Participants are free to invent roles for themselves and to tamper with traditional lecture formatting. Lectures have, for the most part, been held in an old funeral home in Williamsburg. They have also taken place in other non-traditional speaking venues, such as a former Catholic high school in Soho, a bar in Greenpoint, and a corporate office space in Manhattan. ## Non-fiction novel The non-fiction novel is a literary genre which, broadly speaking, depicts real historical figures and actual events woven together with fictitious conversations and using the storytelling techniques of fiction. The non-fiction novel is an otherwise loosely defined and flexible genre. The genre is sometimes referred to using the slang term "faction", a portmanteau of the words "fact" and "fiction". ## Marine art Marine art or maritime art is any form of figurative art (that is, painting, drawing, printmaking and sculpture) that portrays or draws its main inspiration from the sea. Maritime painting is a genre that depicts ships and the sea—a genre particularly strong from the 17th to 19th centuries. In practice the term often covers art showing shipping on rivers and estuaries, beach scenes and all art showing boats, without any rigid distinction - for practical reasons subjects that can be drawn or painted from dry land in fact feature strongly in the genre. Strictly speaking "maritime art" should always include some element of human seafaring, whereas "marine art" would also include pure seascapes with no human element, though this distinction may not be observed in practice. ## Master Shake Master Shake (often shortened to Shake or Cup) is a fictional character on the Adult Swim animated television series "Aqua Teen Hunger Force" (also known by various alternative titles). Master Shake is a lazy, selfish, arrogant, dim-witted life-sized anthropomorphic milkshake, who is a pathological liar and frequently torments Meatwad and annoys the rest of the characters for attention. Although his full name is Master Shake, he is mainly called "Shake" and in "Last Last One Forever and Ever" he is known as "Donald Shake". Master Shake was created and designed by series creators Dave Willis and Matt Maiellaro, and is voiced by Dana Snyder. ## Dana Snyder Dana Snyder (born November 14, 1973) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, producer, and voice actor. He is known for voicing Master Shake on "Aqua Teen Hunger Force" and Granny Cuyler on "Squidbillies". He currently plays Dr. Colosso on Nickelodeon's comedy "The Thundermans". ## Strictly Speaking (TV series) Strictly Speaking is an Australian television series which began airing on 29 September 2010. The show is hosted by Andrew Hansen and is currently being aired on ABC1. After only 5 episodes, Strictly Speaking was removed from ABC's schedule after failing to attract viewers. On 5 June 2011, the show returned to ABC1 in a new Sunday timeslot. ## Michael Varrati Michael Varrati is an American screenwriter, columnist, and actor known primarily for his work within the horror genre and the world of TV movies. Outside of his film work, Varrati has used his platform to discuss pop culture and the horror genre as it relates to the LGBTQ experience, frequently writing about and arranging curated speaking events on the topic at such venues as San Diego Comic Con. ## Speedy Gonzales Speedy Gonzales is an animated cartoon character in the Warner Brothers "Looney Tunes" and "Merrie Melodies" series of cartoons. He is portrayed as "The Fastest Mouse in all Mexico" with his major traits being the ability to run extremely fast and speaking with an exaggerated Mexican accent and also speaking Spanish. He usually wears a yellow "sombrero", white shirt and trousers (which was a common traditional outfit worn by men and boys of rural Mexican villages), and a red kerchief, similar to that of some traditional Mexican attires. To date, there have been 46 cartoons made either starring or featuring this character. ## Formal moduli In mathematics, formal moduli are an aspect of the theory of moduli spaces (of algebraic varieties or vector bundles, for example), closely linked to deformation theory and formal geometry. Roughly speaking, deformation theory can provide the Taylor polynomial level of information about deformations, while formal moduli theory can assemble consistent Taylor polynomials to make a formal power series theory. The step to moduli spaces, properly speaking, is an "algebraization" question, and has been largely put on a firm basis by Artin's approximation theorem. ## Gaslamp fantasy Gaslamp fantasy (also known as gaslight fantasy or gaslight romance) is a subgenre of both fantasy and historical fiction. Generally speaking, this particular realm of fantasy employs either a Victorian or Edwardian setting. The "gaslamp fantasy" genre is not to be confused with "steampunk", which usually has more of a super-science edge and uchronic tone. "Gaslamp fantasy" also differs from classical Victorian/Edwardian faerie or pure fantasy in the J.R.R. Tolkien or Lewis Carroll style or from historical crime-novels in the Anne Perry or June Thomson style by the supernatural elements, themes, and subjects it features. Many of its tropes, themes, and stock characters derive from Gothic literature — a long-established genre composed of both romantic and horrific traits and motivated by the desire to rouse fear, apprehension, and other intense emotions within the reader — and could be described as an attempt to modernize literary Gothicism. Question: What genre is the series speaking of? Answer:

comedian

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Moonlighter Presents Moonlighter Presents is a lecture series based in Brooklyn, New York dedicated to non-expertise and the art of public speaking. Founded in September 2010, the series evolved as a reaction to the increased emphasis on professionalization in academia and the art world. Event organizers invite scholars and professionals to address topics outside their fields of expertise or consider their work from unusual perspectives. There are no topics or themes. Participants are free to invent roles for themselves and to tamper with traditional lecture formatting. Lectures have, for the most part, been held in an old funeral home in Williamsburg. They have also taken place in other non-traditional speaking venues, such as a former Catholic high school in Soho, a bar in Greenpoint, and a corporate office space in Manhattan. ## Non-fiction novel The non-fiction novel is a literary genre which, broadly speaking, depicts real historical figures and actual events woven together with fictitious conversations and using the storytelling techniques of fiction. The non-fiction novel is an otherwise loosely defined and flexible genre. The genre is sometimes referred to using the slang term "faction", a portmanteau of the words "fact" and "fiction". ## Marine art Marine art or maritime art is any form of figurative art (that is, painting, drawing, printmaking and sculpture) that portrays or draws its main inspiration from the sea. Maritime painting is a genre that depicts ships and the sea—a genre particularly strong from the 17th to 19th centuries. In practice the term often covers art showing shipping on rivers and estuaries, beach scenes and all art showing boats, without any rigid distinction - for practical reasons subjects that can be drawn or painted from dry land in fact feature strongly in the genre. Strictly speaking "maritime art" should always include some element of human seafaring, whereas "marine art" would also include pure seascapes with no human element, though this distinction may not be observed in practice. ## Master Shake Master Shake (often shortened to Shake or Cup) is a fictional character on the Adult Swim animated television series "Aqua Teen Hunger Force" (also known by various alternative titles). Master Shake is a lazy, selfish, arrogant, dim-witted life-sized anthropomorphic milkshake, who is a pathological liar and frequently torments Meatwad and annoys the rest of the characters for attention. Although his full name is Master Shake, he is mainly called "Shake" and in "Last Last One Forever and Ever" he is known as "Donald Shake". Master Shake was created and designed by series creators Dave Willis and Matt Maiellaro, and is voiced by Dana Snyder. ## Dana Snyder Dana Snyder (born November 14, 1973) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, producer, and voice actor. He is known for voicing Master Shake on "Aqua Teen Hunger Force" and Granny Cuyler on "Squidbillies". He currently plays Dr. Colosso on Nickelodeon's comedy "The Thundermans". ## Strictly Speaking (TV series) Strictly Speaking is an Australian television series which began airing on 29 September 2010. The show is hosted by Andrew Hansen and is currently being aired on ABC1. After only 5 episodes, Strictly Speaking was removed from ABC's schedule after failing to attract viewers. On 5 June 2011, the show returned to ABC1 in a new Sunday timeslot. ## Michael Varrati Michael Varrati is an American screenwriter, columnist, and actor known primarily for his work within the horror genre and the world of TV movies. Outside of his film work, Varrati has used his platform to discuss pop culture and the horror genre as it relates to the LGBTQ experience, frequently writing about and arranging curated speaking events on the topic at such venues as San Diego Comic Con. ## Speedy Gonzales Speedy Gonzales is an animated cartoon character in the Warner Brothers "Looney Tunes" and "Merrie Melodies" series of cartoons. He is portrayed as "The Fastest Mouse in all Mexico" with his major traits being the ability to run extremely fast and speaking with an exaggerated Mexican accent and also speaking Spanish. He usually wears a yellow "sombrero", white shirt and trousers (which was a common traditional outfit worn by men and boys of rural Mexican villages), and a red kerchief, similar to that of some traditional Mexican attires. To date, there have been 46 cartoons made either starring or featuring this character. ## Formal moduli In mathematics, formal moduli are an aspect of the theory of moduli spaces (of algebraic varieties or vector bundles, for example), closely linked to deformation theory and formal geometry. Roughly speaking, deformation theory can provide the Taylor polynomial level of information about deformations, while formal moduli theory can assemble consistent Taylor polynomials to make a formal power series theory. The step to moduli spaces, properly speaking, is an "algebraization" question, and has been largely put on a firm basis by Artin's approximation theorem. ## Gaslamp fantasy Gaslamp fantasy (also known as gaslight fantasy or gaslight romance) is a subgenre of both fantasy and historical fiction. Generally speaking, this particular realm of fantasy employs either a Victorian or Edwardian setting. The "gaslamp fantasy" genre is not to be confused with "steampunk", which usually has more of a super-science edge and uchronic tone. "Gaslamp fantasy" also differs from classical Victorian/Edwardian faerie or pure fantasy in the J.R.R. Tolkien or Lewis Carroll style or from historical crime-novels in the Anne Perry or June Thomson style by the supernatural elements, themes, and subjects it features. Many of its tropes, themes, and stock characters derive from Gothic literature — a long-established genre composed of both romantic and horrific traits and motivated by the desire to rouse fear, apprehension, and other intense emotions within the reader — and could be described as an attempt to modernize literary Gothicism. Question: What genre is the series speaking of? Answer: ### Response: comedian

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Mary Drake Mary Drake is a fictional character created by I. Marlene King and portrayed by Andrea Parker in the American television series "Pretty Little Liars". "Pretty Little Liars" is a television adaptation of the novel series of the same name written by Sara Shepard, in which the antagonist Alison DiLaurentis has an identical twin sister, Courtney DiLaurentis. It is believed that Mary is the on-screen counterpart of Courtney, though her recent characterization is more in line with Alison. The character makes her first official introduction during the sixth-season finale "Hush, Hush, Sweet Liars". The Liars discover that Mary is Jessica DiLaurentis' identical twin sister, a former patient at Radley Sanitarium who is Charlotte's biological mother. In "The DArkest Knight", Drake is also revealed to be Spencer Hastings' biological mother. During "Till Death Do Us Part", the elusive A.D. is revealed to be Alex Drake, Spencer's younger identical twin sister. Alex believed the Liars knew who was accountable for Charlotte's murder and was also set on physically replacing Spencer due to being jealous of the life that she had. ## Alex Drake (Pretty Little Liars) Alexandra "Alex" Drake is a fictional character created by I. Marlene King and portrayed by Troian Bellisario for the American television series "Pretty Little Liars". She was officially introduced during the series' final episode "Till Death Do Us Part", revealed to be Spencer Hastings' identical twin sister as well as the elusive "A.D.". Alex believed the Liars knew who was accountable for Charlotte Drake's homicide and was also set on physically replacing Spencer due to being jealous of the upbringing that she was able to have. She was adopted by a wealthy British family that later abandoned her, forcing Alex to bounce around foster homes and orphanages for a large portion of her childhood. She is believed to be the deadliest antagonist of the series. ## Pretty Little Liars (book series) Pretty Little Liars is a series of young adult novels by Sara Shepard. Beginning with 2006's initial novel of the same name, the series follows the lives of four girls – Spencer Hastings, Hanna Marin, Aria Montgomery and Emily Fields. ## List of Pretty Little Liars episodes "Pretty Little Liars" is a TV series which premiered on ABC Family on June 8, 2010. Developed by I. Marlene King, the series is based on the "Pretty Little Liars" book series by Sara Shepard. The series follows the lives of four girls, Aria Montgomery, Hanna Marin, Emily Fields, and Spencer Hastings, whose clique falls apart after the disappearance of their leader, Alison DiLaurentis. One year later, the estranged friends are reunited as they begin receiving messages from a mysterious figure named "A" who threatens to expose their deepest secrets, including ones they thought only Alison knew. ## Where'd You Go, Bernadette (film) Where'd You Go, Bernadette is an upcoming American comedy-drama film, directed by Richard Linklater, from a screenplay by Linklater, Holly Gent Palmo, Vincent Palmo Jr., Michael H. Weber and Scott Neustadter. It is based upon the novel of the same name by Maria Semple. It stars Cate Blanchett, Billy Crudup, Kristen Wiig, Judy Greer, Laurence Fishburne, Troian Bellisario and James Urbaniak. ## Melissa Hastings Melissa Hastings is a fictional character in the "Pretty Little Liars" franchise. Created in 2006 by Sara Shepard for the book series, the character was later reworked by I. Marlene King, the developer of the television series, in which she is portrayed by Torrey DeVitto. An antiheroine, Melissa is primarily sister to protagonist Spencer Hastings, and the daughter of Peter and Veronica Hastings. She is a fierce woman who does everything to succeed in her life goals. In print, she is a guest character, while on screen Melissa has a much bigger presence in the story. ## Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists is a upcoming American teen drama television series developed by I. Marlene King, loosely based on the popular book series "The Perfectionists" written by Sara Shepard. A second spin-off of "Pretty Little Liars" after "Ravenswood", Freeform greenlit the series on September 25, 2017. ## Aeriél Miranda Aeriél Christine Miranda (born April 3, 1992) is an American actress. She is best known for her recurring role as Shana Fring on the ABC Family series, "Pretty Little Liars" (2013–2014). She was first introduced as Shana on the "Pretty Little Liars" web series, "Pretty Dirty Secrets", prior to appearing on "Pretty Little Liars". Miranda also had a recurring role as Lana on the ABC Family series "The Nine Lives of Chloe King" (2011). ## Troian Bellisario Troian Avery Bellisario ( ; born October 28, 1985) is an American actress, writer, producer and director. She is known for playing the role of Spencer Hastings in Freeform's "Pretty Little Liars". She is the daughter of producers Donald P. Bellisario and Deborah Pratt. Born in Los Angeles, California. Bellisario made her acting debut in her father's 1988 film "Last Rites" at the age of three. She continued to have roles produced by her father, mainly in television shows such as "Quantum Leap", "First Monday", and "NCIS", and in 1998, she acted in the direct-to-video comedy film "Billboard Dad". In 2010, she received praise for her leading performance in the film "Consent" for which she won the Vision Fest Award for Best Acting by a Female Lead and the FirstGlance Philadelphia Award for Best Actress. ## Spencer Hastings Spencer Hastings is a fictional character, one of the five main characters who appeared in the "Pretty Little Liars" novels and its television adaptation. Created in 2006 by American writer Sara Shepard, she is member of the group known as the Liars, and is best friend to the four other members, who are also protagonists. The character was developed for television by the series' showrunner I. Marlene King, and appeared in each of the show’s 160 episodes during its seven-years-long run, from its premiere on June 8, 2010 to its finale on June 27, 2017. Spencer is known in the fictional town of Rosewood for her sophisticated charm and dedication to life goals. She is part of the extremely rich, powerful, old family Hastings; Spencer's parents, Veronica and Peter, are both linked to politics and her sister, Melissa, is likewise intelligent and uses her sarcasm and success to affect Spencer psychologically whenever possible. Spencer's characteristics and story have the same methodology in both books and television; however, there are some perceptual differences between the versions, since the television series doesn't follows the books' scripts. Question: Who is the director of the upcoming American comedy-drama film starring the actress who played the role of Spencer Hastings in Freeform's "Pretty Little Liars"? Answer:

Richard Linklater

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Mary Drake Mary Drake is a fictional character created by I. Marlene King and portrayed by Andrea Parker in the American television series "Pretty Little Liars". "Pretty Little Liars" is a television adaptation of the novel series of the same name written by Sara Shepard, in which the antagonist Alison DiLaurentis has an identical twin sister, Courtney DiLaurentis. It is believed that Mary is the on-screen counterpart of Courtney, though her recent characterization is more in line with Alison. The character makes her first official introduction during the sixth-season finale "Hush, Hush, Sweet Liars". The Liars discover that Mary is Jessica DiLaurentis' identical twin sister, a former patient at Radley Sanitarium who is Charlotte's biological mother. In "The DArkest Knight", Drake is also revealed to be Spencer Hastings' biological mother. During "Till Death Do Us Part", the elusive A.D. is revealed to be Alex Drake, Spencer's younger identical twin sister. Alex believed the Liars knew who was accountable for Charlotte's murder and was also set on physically replacing Spencer due to being jealous of the life that she had. ## Alex Drake (Pretty Little Liars) Alexandra "Alex" Drake is a fictional character created by I. Marlene King and portrayed by Troian Bellisario for the American television series "Pretty Little Liars". She was officially introduced during the series' final episode "Till Death Do Us Part", revealed to be Spencer Hastings' identical twin sister as well as the elusive "A.D.". Alex believed the Liars knew who was accountable for Charlotte Drake's homicide and was also set on physically replacing Spencer due to being jealous of the upbringing that she was able to have. She was adopted by a wealthy British family that later abandoned her, forcing Alex to bounce around foster homes and orphanages for a large portion of her childhood. She is believed to be the deadliest antagonist of the series. ## Pretty Little Liars (book series) Pretty Little Liars is a series of young adult novels by Sara Shepard. Beginning with 2006's initial novel of the same name, the series follows the lives of four girls – Spencer Hastings, Hanna Marin, Aria Montgomery and Emily Fields. ## List of Pretty Little Liars episodes "Pretty Little Liars" is a TV series which premiered on ABC Family on June 8, 2010. Developed by I. Marlene King, the series is based on the "Pretty Little Liars" book series by Sara Shepard. The series follows the lives of four girls, Aria Montgomery, Hanna Marin, Emily Fields, and Spencer Hastings, whose clique falls apart after the disappearance of their leader, Alison DiLaurentis. One year later, the estranged friends are reunited as they begin receiving messages from a mysterious figure named "A" who threatens to expose their deepest secrets, including ones they thought only Alison knew. ## Where'd You Go, Bernadette (film) Where'd You Go, Bernadette is an upcoming American comedy-drama film, directed by Richard Linklater, from a screenplay by Linklater, Holly Gent Palmo, Vincent Palmo Jr., Michael H. Weber and Scott Neustadter. It is based upon the novel of the same name by Maria Semple. It stars Cate Blanchett, Billy Crudup, Kristen Wiig, Judy Greer, Laurence Fishburne, Troian Bellisario and James Urbaniak. ## Melissa Hastings Melissa Hastings is a fictional character in the "Pretty Little Liars" franchise. Created in 2006 by Sara Shepard for the book series, the character was later reworked by I. Marlene King, the developer of the television series, in which she is portrayed by Torrey DeVitto. An antiheroine, Melissa is primarily sister to protagonist Spencer Hastings, and the daughter of Peter and Veronica Hastings. She is a fierce woman who does everything to succeed in her life goals. In print, she is a guest character, while on screen Melissa has a much bigger presence in the story. ## Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists is a upcoming American teen drama television series developed by I. Marlene King, loosely based on the popular book series "The Perfectionists" written by Sara Shepard. A second spin-off of "Pretty Little Liars" after "Ravenswood", Freeform greenlit the series on September 25, 2017. ## Aeriél Miranda Aeriél Christine Miranda (born April 3, 1992) is an American actress. She is best known for her recurring role as Shana Fring on the ABC Family series, "Pretty Little Liars" (2013–2014). She was first introduced as Shana on the "Pretty Little Liars" web series, "Pretty Dirty Secrets", prior to appearing on "Pretty Little Liars". Miranda also had a recurring role as Lana on the ABC Family series "The Nine Lives of Chloe King" (2011). ## Troian Bellisario Troian Avery Bellisario ( ; born October 28, 1985) is an American actress, writer, producer and director. She is known for playing the role of Spencer Hastings in Freeform's "Pretty Little Liars". She is the daughter of producers Donald P. Bellisario and Deborah Pratt. Born in Los Angeles, California. Bellisario made her acting debut in her father's 1988 film "Last Rites" at the age of three. She continued to have roles produced by her father, mainly in television shows such as "Quantum Leap", "First Monday", and "NCIS", and in 1998, she acted in the direct-to-video comedy film "Billboard Dad". In 2010, she received praise for her leading performance in the film "Consent" for which she won the Vision Fest Award for Best Acting by a Female Lead and the FirstGlance Philadelphia Award for Best Actress. ## Spencer Hastings Spencer Hastings is a fictional character, one of the five main characters who appeared in the "Pretty Little Liars" novels and its television adaptation. Created in 2006 by American writer Sara Shepard, she is member of the group known as the Liars, and is best friend to the four other members, who are also protagonists. The character was developed for television by the series' showrunner I. Marlene King, and appeared in each of the show’s 160 episodes during its seven-years-long run, from its premiere on June 8, 2010 to its finale on June 27, 2017. Spencer is known in the fictional town of Rosewood for her sophisticated charm and dedication to life goals. She is part of the extremely rich, powerful, old family Hastings; Spencer's parents, Veronica and Peter, are both linked to politics and her sister, Melissa, is likewise intelligent and uses her sarcasm and success to affect Spencer psychologically whenever possible. Spencer's characteristics and story have the same methodology in both books and television; however, there are some perceptual differences between the versions, since the television series doesn't follows the books' scripts. Question: Who is the director of the upcoming American comedy-drama film starring the actress who played the role of Spencer Hastings in Freeform's "Pretty Little Liars"? Answer: ### Response: Richard Linklater

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## The Great Escape (festival) The Great Escape was a music festival held at Newington Armory, located within Sydney Olympic Park that took place in 2006 and 2007. Initially held over the Easter long weekend for the first two events, in 2008 it was announced the festival would take place on the Labour Day weekend, however the event was cancelled 2 months from the date due to poor ticket sales . It evolved from the 2005 Cockatoo Island Music Festival. The music and other attractions run over three full days (Good Friday to Easter Sunday in 2006–07), with some patrons camping from Thursday evening to Monday morning. Punters could attend either for the full weekend camping, purchase a 3-day pass and commute each day or attend a single day. Many acts also played the East Coast Blues & Roots Music Festival the same weekend, however The Great Escape line-up is more diverse featuring pop, hip hop, electronic and rock acts that would not fit into a Blues and Roots line-up. In addition to musical acts, there is also a wide range of other features such as comedy acts, bingo and trivia, conspiracy theory talks and yoga. There is no immediate future for the Great Escape at this point, but organisers are confident it will be resurrected in the near future. ## Steve Thompson (songwriter) Steve Thompson (born 24 April 1952) is a British songwriter and record producer who is responsible for a number of single and album chart hits and well known songs recorded by international recording artists. He was instrumental in setting up the influential Neat Records. He was particularly active as a producer during (as well as being partially responsible for), the NWOBHM years (New Wave of British Heavy Metal) During this time he produced many acts and kick-started the careers of several influential heavy metal acts including the first recordings of Newcastle band Venom ( who are widely credited with the invention of black metal) and Raven who have been credited with being hugely influential by Metallica. ## Pairat Decharin Dr. Pairat Decharin (Thai: ไพรัตน์ เดชะรินทร์ ; rtgs: "Phairat Decharin" , died 26 May 1991) was the governor of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. He died in the crash of Lauda Air Flight 004 on 26 May 1991, with his wife. Charles S. Ahlgren, the former U.S. consul general to Chiang Mai, said "That accident not only took their lives and that of many of Chiang Mai's leaders, but dealt a blow to many development and planning activities in the town." ## Donna non vidi mai Donna non vidi mai ("English": I have never seen a woman) is an aria from the first act of Giacomo Puccini's opera, "Manon Lescaut". ## Veni Vidi Theatre Company The Veni Vidi Theatre Company is an independent theatre company based in London. The company specialises in producing site specific pieces of theatre and creating theatrical performances for unusual or non established performance areas. Their work varies from adaptations of Classical texts to more New Writing works. The company is committed to exploring the limitless possibilities of creating innovative and diverse work within the theatrical art form in parts of London that aren’t consider theatrical spaces. The original company name being taken from a famous Latin saying Veni Vidi Vici, reportedly written by Empire Julius Caesar, meaning ‘I Came, I Saw, I Conquered’. ## Budgie (band) Budgie are a Welsh hard rock band from Cardiff. They are described by author Garry Sharpe-Young as one of the earliest heavy metal bands and a seminal influence to many acts of that scene, with fast, heavy rock (an influence on the new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) and acts such as Metallica) being played as early as 1971. The band has been noted as "among the heaviest metal of its day". ## Manon Lescaut (Puccini) Manon Lescaut is an opera in four acts by Giacomo Puccini, composed between 1890 and 1893. The story is based on the 1731 novel "L'histoire du chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut" by the Abbé Prévost and should not be confused with "Manon", an 1884 opera by Jules Massenet based on the same novel. ## Bay City Rollers The Bay City Rollers are a Scottish pop band whose popularity was highest in the mid 1970s. The "British Hit Singles & Albums" noted they were "tartan teen sensations from Edinburgh", and were "the first of many acts heralded as the 'biggest group since the Beatles' and one of the most screamed-at teeny-bopper acts of the 1970s". For a relatively brief, but fervent period (nicknamed "Rollermania"), they were worldwide teen idols. The group's line-up had numerous changes over the years, but the classic line-up during its heyday included; guitarists Eric Faulkner and Stuart John Wood, singer Les McKeown, bassist Alan Longmuir, and drummer Derek Longmuir. ## Quidi Vidi Quidi Vidi (pronunciations vary, even amongst longtime residents, but "Kiddy Viddy" is the most common) is a neighbourhood in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. The neighbourhood is named for both Quidi Vidi Lake (where the Royal St. John's Regatta is held the first Wednesday in August, weather permitting) and Quidi Vidi Harbour - known locally as "The Gut". Located in Quidi Vidi is the Quidi Vidi Battery Provincial Historic Site, which had significance as a battery during the War of 1812. The village is also home to Newfoundland's largest microbrewery, the Quidi Vidi Brewing Company. It has many different types of plants and animals. There are numerous scenic places to visit. ## Pleasantville Music Festival The Pleasantville Music Festival is a single-day music festival which takes place annually at Parkway Field in Pleasantville, New York. Some of the many acts that have performed at the Pleasantville Music Festival are: Guster, Gin Blossoms, Jakob Dylan, Joan Osborne, Marc Cohn, Big Head Todd & the Monsters, the English Beat, and Roger McGuinn. These major acts perform alongside up and coming national acts and small local bands from around the tri-state area. Question: How many acts were in the opera in which "Donna non vidi mai" was in? Answer:

four

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## The Great Escape (festival) The Great Escape was a music festival held at Newington Armory, located within Sydney Olympic Park that took place in 2006 and 2007. Initially held over the Easter long weekend for the first two events, in 2008 it was announced the festival would take place on the Labour Day weekend, however the event was cancelled 2 months from the date due to poor ticket sales . It evolved from the 2005 Cockatoo Island Music Festival. The music and other attractions run over three full days (Good Friday to Easter Sunday in 2006–07), with some patrons camping from Thursday evening to Monday morning. Punters could attend either for the full weekend camping, purchase a 3-day pass and commute each day or attend a single day. Many acts also played the East Coast Blues & Roots Music Festival the same weekend, however The Great Escape line-up is more diverse featuring pop, hip hop, electronic and rock acts that would not fit into a Blues and Roots line-up. In addition to musical acts, there is also a wide range of other features such as comedy acts, bingo and trivia, conspiracy theory talks and yoga. There is no immediate future for the Great Escape at this point, but organisers are confident it will be resurrected in the near future. ## Steve Thompson (songwriter) Steve Thompson (born 24 April 1952) is a British songwriter and record producer who is responsible for a number of single and album chart hits and well known songs recorded by international recording artists. He was instrumental in setting up the influential Neat Records. He was particularly active as a producer during (as well as being partially responsible for), the NWOBHM years (New Wave of British Heavy Metal) During this time he produced many acts and kick-started the careers of several influential heavy metal acts including the first recordings of Newcastle band Venom ( who are widely credited with the invention of black metal) and Raven who have been credited with being hugely influential by Metallica. ## Pairat Decharin Dr. Pairat Decharin (Thai: ไพรัตน์ เดชะรินทร์ ; rtgs: "Phairat Decharin" , died 26 May 1991) was the governor of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. He died in the crash of Lauda Air Flight 004 on 26 May 1991, with his wife. Charles S. Ahlgren, the former U.S. consul general to Chiang Mai, said "That accident not only took their lives and that of many of Chiang Mai's leaders, but dealt a blow to many development and planning activities in the town." ## Donna non vidi mai Donna non vidi mai ("English": I have never seen a woman) is an aria from the first act of Giacomo Puccini's opera, "Manon Lescaut". ## Veni Vidi Theatre Company The Veni Vidi Theatre Company is an independent theatre company based in London. The company specialises in producing site specific pieces of theatre and creating theatrical performances for unusual or non established performance areas. Their work varies from adaptations of Classical texts to more New Writing works. The company is committed to exploring the limitless possibilities of creating innovative and diverse work within the theatrical art form in parts of London that aren’t consider theatrical spaces. The original company name being taken from a famous Latin saying Veni Vidi Vici, reportedly written by Empire Julius Caesar, meaning ‘I Came, I Saw, I Conquered’. ## Budgie (band) Budgie are a Welsh hard rock band from Cardiff. They are described by author Garry Sharpe-Young as one of the earliest heavy metal bands and a seminal influence to many acts of that scene, with fast, heavy rock (an influence on the new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) and acts such as Metallica) being played as early as 1971. The band has been noted as "among the heaviest metal of its day". ## Manon Lescaut (Puccini) Manon Lescaut is an opera in four acts by Giacomo Puccini, composed between 1890 and 1893. The story is based on the 1731 novel "L'histoire du chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut" by the Abbé Prévost and should not be confused with "Manon", an 1884 opera by Jules Massenet based on the same novel. ## Bay City Rollers The Bay City Rollers are a Scottish pop band whose popularity was highest in the mid 1970s. The "British Hit Singles & Albums" noted they were "tartan teen sensations from Edinburgh", and were "the first of many acts heralded as the 'biggest group since the Beatles' and one of the most screamed-at teeny-bopper acts of the 1970s". For a relatively brief, but fervent period (nicknamed "Rollermania"), they were worldwide teen idols. The group's line-up had numerous changes over the years, but the classic line-up during its heyday included; guitarists Eric Faulkner and Stuart John Wood, singer Les McKeown, bassist Alan Longmuir, and drummer Derek Longmuir. ## Quidi Vidi Quidi Vidi (pronunciations vary, even amongst longtime residents, but "Kiddy Viddy" is the most common) is a neighbourhood in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. The neighbourhood is named for both Quidi Vidi Lake (where the Royal St. John's Regatta is held the first Wednesday in August, weather permitting) and Quidi Vidi Harbour - known locally as "The Gut". Located in Quidi Vidi is the Quidi Vidi Battery Provincial Historic Site, which had significance as a battery during the War of 1812. The village is also home to Newfoundland's largest microbrewery, the Quidi Vidi Brewing Company. It has many different types of plants and animals. There are numerous scenic places to visit. ## Pleasantville Music Festival The Pleasantville Music Festival is a single-day music festival which takes place annually at Parkway Field in Pleasantville, New York. Some of the many acts that have performed at the Pleasantville Music Festival are: Guster, Gin Blossoms, Jakob Dylan, Joan Osborne, Marc Cohn, Big Head Todd & the Monsters, the English Beat, and Roger McGuinn. These major acts perform alongside up and coming national acts and small local bands from around the tri-state area. Question: How many acts were in the opera in which "Donna non vidi mai" was in? Answer: ### Response: four

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Vikram filmography Vikram (often credited Chiyaan Vikram) is an Indian actor, producer, playback singer and former dubbing artiste known for his work in Tamil language films. He has featured in over 52 motion pictures, three television programs, and several music videos and commercials. An aspiring actor since childhood, Vikram modelled for television commercials and appeared in a short film, hoping to get noticed by casting directors. He made his television debut with the Doordarshan series "Galatta Kudumbam" (1988), following which his first feature film role came with the experimental film "En Kadhal Kanmani" (1990). His early career in Tamil cinema saw consecutive box-office failures, after which he attempted a transition to Telugu and Malayalam cinema. Vikram mostly played the lead roles in Telugu films, many of which were financial failures. In Malayalam films, he usually appeared in ensemble films, playing "second fiddle" to established actors like Mammootty and Suresh Gopi, which failed to help his career. Meanwhile, the few sporadic appearances he made in Tamil cinema also proved unsuccessful. ## Prem Menon Prem Menon (born 28 July 1952) is a prominent media personality, businessman and philanthropist based in Chennai. Prem was the Vice President of India's first regional television channel Asianet in 1992. He also served as the Business Head of Zee Entertainment Enterprises and Zee News and was responsible for the success of Zee's regional television channel Zee Tamizh. Prem is currently the Managing Director at Global United Media Company Pvt Ltd. Prem has also appeared in several television commercials and has appeared in cameo roles in several feature films. ## Michael Vale Michael Vale (June 28, 1922 – December 24, 2005) was an American character actor famous for being the longtime sleepy-eyed mascot "Fred the Baker" for donut chain Dunkin' Donuts, with his famous catchphrase "Time to make the donuts." He was featured for 15 years until he retired in 1997, having done more than 1,300 television commercials. Vale also reprised the role for commercials for the short-lived Dunkin' Donuts Cereal. He died of complications from diabetes at age 83 in Manhattan at New York-Presbyterian Hospital, and was cremated. ## Keith Schofield Keith Schofield is an American director of music video and television commercials based in Los Angeles, California. ## Perfect (Exceeder) "Perfect (Exceeder)" is a collaboration between Dutch musician Mason and American rapper Princess Superstar. The track is a mashup of Mason's 2006 instrumental dance track "Exceeder" and Princess Superstar's 2005 single "Perfect". It was used in television commercials for the film "Brüno", as well as being featured in the game "Wipeout HD". It has also been covered by edinburgh's indie electro band "Epic26". The song has been sampled by 813 in their track "Sunny Lemonade". ## Cher filmography Throughout her acting career, Cher has mainly in comedy, drama, and romance films. She has appeared in thirteen films, including two as a cameo. She has also appeared in one starring theater role, numerous television commercials and directed a piece of the motion picture "If These Walls Could Talk" in 1996 and some of her music videos of the Geffen-era in late 1980s and in early 1990s. Cher has starred in various international television commercials, as well as high-profile print advertising for Lori Davis (1992). Before she started her film career, she had a couple of hits in the 1960s, as a solo artist, and with her ex-husband Sonny Bono as the couple Sonny & Cher. ## Dunkin' Donuts Dunkin' Donuts is an American global donut company and coffeehouse based in Canton, Massachusetts, in Greater Boston. It was founded in 1950 by William Rosenberg in Quincy, Massachusetts. Since its founding, the company has grown to become one of the largest coffee and baked goods chains in the world, with more than 12,000 restaurants in 36 countries. The chain's products include donuts, bagels, other baked goods, and a wide variety of hot and iced beverages. ## Creagen Dow Creagen Dow (born May 1, 1991) is an American/Canadian actor, writer, producer who had a recurring role as Jeremiah Trottman on the Nickelodeon series "Zoey 101". He has also guest starred on "The Big Bang Theory", "Rizzoli & Isles", "Hannah Montana", "Castle", "Entourage", "Hot in Cleveland" and "", to name a few. Creagen received a Best Supporting Actor award for his role in the feature film "Hamlet's Ghost" and also appeared alongside Reese Witherspoon and Vince Vaughn in "Four Christmases", with Sean Astin in "Amazing Love" and provided the voice of "Mullet Boy" in the film "The Ant Bully". Creagen can also be seen in various television commercials including the GEICO Horror Movie - It's What You Do campaign. ## I'm going to Disney World! "I'm going to Disney World!" and "I'm going to Disneyland!" are advertising slogans used in a series of television commercials by The Walt Disney Company that began airing in 1987. Used to promote the company's theme park resorts in Florida and California, the commercials most often are broadcast following the Super Bowl and typically feature an NFL player (usually the Super Bowl MVP) shouting the phrase while celebrating the team's victory immediately after the championship game. These commercials have also promoted champions from other sports, and winners of non-sport competitions such as "American Idol". ## Mason Reese Mason Reese (born April 11, 1965) is a former child actor who appeared in numerous television commercials in the 1970s, particularly for Underwood Deviled Ham, Post Raisin Bran, and Dunkin' Donuts. Question: where is the American global donut company which Mason Reese appeared in its television commercials based in Answer:

Canton, Massachusetts

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Vikram filmography Vikram (often credited Chiyaan Vikram) is an Indian actor, producer, playback singer and former dubbing artiste known for his work in Tamil language films. He has featured in over 52 motion pictures, three television programs, and several music videos and commercials. An aspiring actor since childhood, Vikram modelled for television commercials and appeared in a short film, hoping to get noticed by casting directors. He made his television debut with the Doordarshan series "Galatta Kudumbam" (1988), following which his first feature film role came with the experimental film "En Kadhal Kanmani" (1990). His early career in Tamil cinema saw consecutive box-office failures, after which he attempted a transition to Telugu and Malayalam cinema. Vikram mostly played the lead roles in Telugu films, many of which were financial failures. In Malayalam films, he usually appeared in ensemble films, playing "second fiddle" to established actors like Mammootty and Suresh Gopi, which failed to help his career. Meanwhile, the few sporadic appearances he made in Tamil cinema also proved unsuccessful. ## Prem Menon Prem Menon (born 28 July 1952) is a prominent media personality, businessman and philanthropist based in Chennai. Prem was the Vice President of India's first regional television channel Asianet in 1992. He also served as the Business Head of Zee Entertainment Enterprises and Zee News and was responsible for the success of Zee's regional television channel Zee Tamizh. Prem is currently the Managing Director at Global United Media Company Pvt Ltd. Prem has also appeared in several television commercials and has appeared in cameo roles in several feature films. ## Michael Vale Michael Vale (June 28, 1922 – December 24, 2005) was an American character actor famous for being the longtime sleepy-eyed mascot "Fred the Baker" for donut chain Dunkin' Donuts, with his famous catchphrase "Time to make the donuts." He was featured for 15 years until he retired in 1997, having done more than 1,300 television commercials. Vale also reprised the role for commercials for the short-lived Dunkin' Donuts Cereal. He died of complications from diabetes at age 83 in Manhattan at New York-Presbyterian Hospital, and was cremated. ## Keith Schofield Keith Schofield is an American director of music video and television commercials based in Los Angeles, California. ## Perfect (Exceeder) "Perfect (Exceeder)" is a collaboration between Dutch musician Mason and American rapper Princess Superstar. The track is a mashup of Mason's 2006 instrumental dance track "Exceeder" and Princess Superstar's 2005 single "Perfect". It was used in television commercials for the film "Brüno", as well as being featured in the game "Wipeout HD". It has also been covered by edinburgh's indie electro band "Epic26". The song has been sampled by 813 in their track "Sunny Lemonade". ## Cher filmography Throughout her acting career, Cher has mainly in comedy, drama, and romance films. She has appeared in thirteen films, including two as a cameo. She has also appeared in one starring theater role, numerous television commercials and directed a piece of the motion picture "If These Walls Could Talk" in 1996 and some of her music videos of the Geffen-era in late 1980s and in early 1990s. Cher has starred in various international television commercials, as well as high-profile print advertising for Lori Davis (1992). Before she started her film career, she had a couple of hits in the 1960s, as a solo artist, and with her ex-husband Sonny Bono as the couple Sonny & Cher. ## Dunkin' Donuts Dunkin' Donuts is an American global donut company and coffeehouse based in Canton, Massachusetts, in Greater Boston. It was founded in 1950 by William Rosenberg in Quincy, Massachusetts. Since its founding, the company has grown to become one of the largest coffee and baked goods chains in the world, with more than 12,000 restaurants in 36 countries. The chain's products include donuts, bagels, other baked goods, and a wide variety of hot and iced beverages. ## Creagen Dow Creagen Dow (born May 1, 1991) is an American/Canadian actor, writer, producer who had a recurring role as Jeremiah Trottman on the Nickelodeon series "Zoey 101". He has also guest starred on "The Big Bang Theory", "Rizzoli & Isles", "Hannah Montana", "Castle", "Entourage", "Hot in Cleveland" and "", to name a few. Creagen received a Best Supporting Actor award for his role in the feature film "Hamlet's Ghost" and also appeared alongside Reese Witherspoon and Vince Vaughn in "Four Christmases", with Sean Astin in "Amazing Love" and provided the voice of "Mullet Boy" in the film "The Ant Bully". Creagen can also be seen in various television commercials including the GEICO Horror Movie - It's What You Do campaign. ## I'm going to Disney World! "I'm going to Disney World!" and "I'm going to Disneyland!" are advertising slogans used in a series of television commercials by The Walt Disney Company that began airing in 1987. Used to promote the company's theme park resorts in Florida and California, the commercials most often are broadcast following the Super Bowl and typically feature an NFL player (usually the Super Bowl MVP) shouting the phrase while celebrating the team's victory immediately after the championship game. These commercials have also promoted champions from other sports, and winners of non-sport competitions such as "American Idol". ## Mason Reese Mason Reese (born April 11, 1965) is a former child actor who appeared in numerous television commercials in the 1970s, particularly for Underwood Deviled Ham, Post Raisin Bran, and Dunkin' Donuts. Question: where is the American global donut company which Mason Reese appeared in its television commercials based in Answer: ### Response: Canton, Massachusetts

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Chester A. Arthur Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 21st President of the United States (1881–85); he succeeded James A. Garfield upon the latter's assassination. At the outset, Arthur struggled to overcome a slightly negative reputation, which stemmed from his early career in politics as part of New York's Republican political machine. He succeeded by embracing the cause of civil service reform. His advocacy for, and subsequent enforcement of, the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was the centerpiece of his administration. ## Financial costs of the American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War inflicted great financial costs on all of the combatants, including the United States of America, France, Spain and Great Britain. France and Great Britain spent 1.3 billion "livres" and 250 million pounds, respectively. The United States spent $400 million in wages for its troops. Spain increased its military spending from 454 million "reales" in 1778 to over 700 million "reales" in 1779. ## Military–industrial complex The military–industrial complex (MIC) is an informal alliance between a nation's military and the arms industry which supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. A driving factor behind this relationship between the government and defense-minded corporations is that both sides benefit—one side from obtaining war weapons, and the other from being paid to supply them. The term is most often used in reference to the system behind the military of the United States, where it is most prevalent and gained popularity after its use in the farewell address of President Dwight D. Eisenhower on January 17, 1961. In 2011, the United States spent more (in absolute numbers) on its military than the next 13 nations combined. ## Health care in the United States Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations. Health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses. 58% of US community hospitals are non-profit, 21% are government owned, and 21% are for-profit. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States spent more on health care per capita ($8,608), and more on health care as percentage of its GDP (17%), than any other nation in 2011. ## Thomas V. Chema Thomas V. Chema is an American academic administrator and lawyer. Chema was named the 21st President of Hiram College in 2003 after having served as a voting member of the Hiram College Board of Trustees for 11 years and chairing the Institutional Advancement Committee. Prior to becoming president of Hiram, Chema spent more than 30 years in business, government, and law. ## Presidency of George H. W. Bush The presidency of George H. W. Bush began at noon EST on January 20, 1989, when George H. W. Bush was inaugurated as 41st President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 1993. Bush, a Republican, took office after a landslide victory over Democrat nominee Michael Dukakis in the 1988 presidential election. He was the first sitting vice president to be elected president since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Later, Bush, the 41st president, and his oldest son, George W. Bush, the country's 43rd (2001–2009), would become only the second father and son pair to become president. (John Adams and John Quincy Adams were the first.) Bush was denied a second term in the 1992 presidential election, which was won by Democrat Bill Clinton. ## Fairfield, Vermont Fairfield is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,891 at the 2010 census. President Chester A. Arthur was born in Fairfield in 1829, and lived there for the first three years of his life. The Chester Alan Arthur State Historic Site is open seasonally. ## Chester A. Arthur Home The Chester A. Arthur Home was the residence of the 21st President of the United States, Chester A. Arthur (1829–1886), both before and after his four years in Washington D.C. while serving as Vice President and then as President. Located at 123 Lexington Avenue in New York City, Arthur spent most of his adult life living in the residence. While Vice President, Arthur retreated to this house after the July 2, 1881 shooting of President James Garfield. Arthur was in residence here when Garfield died on September 19, and took the presidential oath of office in this building. A commemorative bronze plaque was placed inside the building in 1964 by the Native New Yorkers Historical Society and New York Life Insurance, and the house was designated a National Historic Landmark on January 12, 1965. ## Wilson Building (Fairfield, Iowa) The Wilson Building, also known as the Wilson Block, is a historic building located in Fairfield, Iowa, United States. The two-story Italianate commercial building was built in 1876 by James F. Wilson as an investment property. In 1865 Wilson helped establish and served as president of the First National Bank in Fairfield, and in 1870 he and R. H. Hufford, C. W. Slagle, and George Acheson, organized the Jefferson County Coal Company. Wilson had been a three-term Republican Congressman representing Iowa's 1st congressional district. Seven years after this building was constructed he began the first of two terms in the United States Senate. He had a Senate office in this building from 1883 to 1895. The historic significance of this building reflects the importance of Wilson's contributions to the economic life of Fairfield, and his political career. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. ## Chester Alan Arthur State Historic Site The President Chester A. Arthur State Historic Site is a state historic site located in Fairfield, Vermont. It honors 21st President Chester A. Arthur, who was born in Vermont in 1829. The site includes a replica of the original early 19th-century home in which he was born that was constructed in 1953 using an old photograph of the house as a guide. In 1903, a granite monument was dedicated on the spot where it was thought he had been born. Question: The 21st President of the United States spent how many years of his life in Fairfield? Answer:

three years

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Chester A. Arthur Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 21st President of the United States (1881–85); he succeeded James A. Garfield upon the latter's assassination. At the outset, Arthur struggled to overcome a slightly negative reputation, which stemmed from his early career in politics as part of New York's Republican political machine. He succeeded by embracing the cause of civil service reform. His advocacy for, and subsequent enforcement of, the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was the centerpiece of his administration. ## Financial costs of the American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War inflicted great financial costs on all of the combatants, including the United States of America, France, Spain and Great Britain. France and Great Britain spent 1.3 billion "livres" and 250 million pounds, respectively. The United States spent $400 million in wages for its troops. Spain increased its military spending from 454 million "reales" in 1778 to over 700 million "reales" in 1779. ## Military–industrial complex The military–industrial complex (MIC) is an informal alliance between a nation's military and the arms industry which supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. A driving factor behind this relationship between the government and defense-minded corporations is that both sides benefit—one side from obtaining war weapons, and the other from being paid to supply them. The term is most often used in reference to the system behind the military of the United States, where it is most prevalent and gained popularity after its use in the farewell address of President Dwight D. Eisenhower on January 17, 1961. In 2011, the United States spent more (in absolute numbers) on its military than the next 13 nations combined. ## Health care in the United States Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations. Health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses. 58% of US community hospitals are non-profit, 21% are government owned, and 21% are for-profit. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States spent more on health care per capita ($8,608), and more on health care as percentage of its GDP (17%), than any other nation in 2011. ## Thomas V. Chema Thomas V. Chema is an American academic administrator and lawyer. Chema was named the 21st President of Hiram College in 2003 after having served as a voting member of the Hiram College Board of Trustees for 11 years and chairing the Institutional Advancement Committee. Prior to becoming president of Hiram, Chema spent more than 30 years in business, government, and law. ## Presidency of George H. W. Bush The presidency of George H. W. Bush began at noon EST on January 20, 1989, when George H. W. Bush was inaugurated as 41st President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 1993. Bush, a Republican, took office after a landslide victory over Democrat nominee Michael Dukakis in the 1988 presidential election. He was the first sitting vice president to be elected president since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Later, Bush, the 41st president, and his oldest son, George W. Bush, the country's 43rd (2001–2009), would become only the second father and son pair to become president. (John Adams and John Quincy Adams were the first.) Bush was denied a second term in the 1992 presidential election, which was won by Democrat Bill Clinton. ## Fairfield, Vermont Fairfield is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,891 at the 2010 census. President Chester A. Arthur was born in Fairfield in 1829, and lived there for the first three years of his life. The Chester Alan Arthur State Historic Site is open seasonally. ## Chester A. Arthur Home The Chester A. Arthur Home was the residence of the 21st President of the United States, Chester A. Arthur (1829–1886), both before and after his four years in Washington D.C. while serving as Vice President and then as President. Located at 123 Lexington Avenue in New York City, Arthur spent most of his adult life living in the residence. While Vice President, Arthur retreated to this house after the July 2, 1881 shooting of President James Garfield. Arthur was in residence here when Garfield died on September 19, and took the presidential oath of office in this building. A commemorative bronze plaque was placed inside the building in 1964 by the Native New Yorkers Historical Society and New York Life Insurance, and the house was designated a National Historic Landmark on January 12, 1965. ## Wilson Building (Fairfield, Iowa) The Wilson Building, also known as the Wilson Block, is a historic building located in Fairfield, Iowa, United States. The two-story Italianate commercial building was built in 1876 by James F. Wilson as an investment property. In 1865 Wilson helped establish and served as president of the First National Bank in Fairfield, and in 1870 he and R. H. Hufford, C. W. Slagle, and George Acheson, organized the Jefferson County Coal Company. Wilson had been a three-term Republican Congressman representing Iowa's 1st congressional district. Seven years after this building was constructed he began the first of two terms in the United States Senate. He had a Senate office in this building from 1883 to 1895. The historic significance of this building reflects the importance of Wilson's contributions to the economic life of Fairfield, and his political career. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. ## Chester Alan Arthur State Historic Site The President Chester A. Arthur State Historic Site is a state historic site located in Fairfield, Vermont. It honors 21st President Chester A. Arthur, who was born in Vermont in 1829. The site includes a replica of the original early 19th-century home in which he was born that was constructed in 1953 using an old photograph of the house as a guide. In 1903, a granite monument was dedicated on the spot where it was thought he had been born. Question: The 21st President of the United States spent how many years of his life in Fairfield? Answer: ### Response: three years

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## 35 Shots of Rum 35 Shots of Rum (French: 35 Rhums ) is a 2008 film, directed by Claire Denis, the French filmmaker. It made its North American premiere at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival, and was shown outside of competition at the Venice Film Festival. It was later released to limited theaters in 2009. Claire Denis was in part inspired by Yasujirō Ozu's "Late Spring". ## Andrea Vecchiato Andrea Vecchiato is the Italian director of film "Luminal", adapted from Isabella Santacroce's cult novel, which won Best Film at the Rome Independent Film Festival in 2004, starring Denis Lavant and scored by Michael Nyman and Gavin Rossdale. He is also an established fashion/portrait photographer. In January 2004, Isabella Santacroce dedicated to him her new novel "Revolver". ## Les Amants du Pont-Neuf Les Amants du Pont-Neuf (] ) is a 1991 French film directed by Leos Carax, starring Juliette Binoche and Denis Lavant. The title refers to the Pont Neuf bridge in Paris. The North American title of the film is The Lovers on the Bridge, and, in a mistranslation of the original title, the Australian title is Lovers on the Ninth Bridge (instead of "Lovers on the New Bridge"). ## Vendredi soir Vendredi soir (English: Friday Night ) is a 2002 drama film directed by Claire Denis. The screenplay was written by Claire Denis and Emmanuèle Bernheim, based upon Bernheim's novel of the same name. The film premiered at the 2002 Venice Film Festival. ## Beau Travail Beau Travail (] , French for "good work") is a 1999 French movie directed by Claire Denis that is loosely based on Herman Melville's 1888 novella "Billy Budd". The movie is set in Djibouti, where the protagonists are soldiers in the French Foreign Legion. Parts of the soundtrack of the movie are from Benjamin Britten's opera based on the novella. ## Holy Motors Holy Motors is a 2012 French-German fantasy drama film written and directed by Leos Carax, starring Denis Lavant and Édith Scob. Lavant plays Mr. Oscar, a man not unlike an actor who inhabits several roles, but there are no apparent cameras filming the man's performances. It is Carax's first feature film since 1999. The film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival. ## Un tour de manège Un Tour de Manège (] ; a.k.a. "Roundabout" (UK), "Once Around the Park" (US)) is a 1989 French film starring Juliette Binoche, François Cluzet, Denis Lavant and Michel Aumont. It is the first and to date only film directed by the acclaimed French theatre director Pierre Pradinas. The film was shot on location in Paris in the summer of 1988. ## Veit Helmer Veit Helmer (born 24 April 1968) is a German film director and screenwriter. He started shooting films at the age of fourteen. After finishing school he was trainee at German TV station NDR. Two month before the wall came down, he moved to East-Berlin to study theatre directing at the famous drama school "Ernst Busch". From 1991 to 1997 Helmer studied film directing at HFF Munich. His first feature film "Tuvalu" (starring Denis Lavant and Chulpan Khamatova) earned more than 32 awards. His 2008 film "Absurdistan" was premiered in Sundance and entered into the 30th Moscow International Film Festival. ## Boy Meets Girl (1984 film) Boy Meets Girl is a 1984 French drama film written and directed by Leos Carax, starring Denis Lavant and Mireille Perrier. It was Carax's first feature film. The plot follows the relationship of an aspiring filmmaker (Denis Lavant), who has just been left by his lover and a suicidal young woman (Mireille Perrier), who is also reeling from a failed romance. ## Denis Lavant Denis Lavant (born 17 June 1961) is a French actor known for his distinctive face and the physically demanding aspects of the roles he plays, which often involve slapstick, acrobatics or dance, as well as for his long-standing association with director Leos Carax. Lavant has played the lead role in all but one of Carax's films. Lavant is also known for his roles in Claire Denis' "Beau Travail", and Harmony Korine's "Mister Lonely". Question: What was the name of the novella that was adapted to film directed by Claire Denis and starring Denis Lavant? Answer:

Billy Budd

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## 35 Shots of Rum 35 Shots of Rum (French: 35 Rhums ) is a 2008 film, directed by Claire Denis, the French filmmaker. It made its North American premiere at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival, and was shown outside of competition at the Venice Film Festival. It was later released to limited theaters in 2009. Claire Denis was in part inspired by Yasujirō Ozu's "Late Spring". ## Andrea Vecchiato Andrea Vecchiato is the Italian director of film "Luminal", adapted from Isabella Santacroce's cult novel, which won Best Film at the Rome Independent Film Festival in 2004, starring Denis Lavant and scored by Michael Nyman and Gavin Rossdale. He is also an established fashion/portrait photographer. In January 2004, Isabella Santacroce dedicated to him her new novel "Revolver". ## Les Amants du Pont-Neuf Les Amants du Pont-Neuf (] ) is a 1991 French film directed by Leos Carax, starring Juliette Binoche and Denis Lavant. The title refers to the Pont Neuf bridge in Paris. The North American title of the film is The Lovers on the Bridge, and, in a mistranslation of the original title, the Australian title is Lovers on the Ninth Bridge (instead of "Lovers on the New Bridge"). ## Vendredi soir Vendredi soir (English: Friday Night ) is a 2002 drama film directed by Claire Denis. The screenplay was written by Claire Denis and Emmanuèle Bernheim, based upon Bernheim's novel of the same name. The film premiered at the 2002 Venice Film Festival. ## Beau Travail Beau Travail (] , French for "good work") is a 1999 French movie directed by Claire Denis that is loosely based on Herman Melville's 1888 novella "Billy Budd". The movie is set in Djibouti, where the protagonists are soldiers in the French Foreign Legion. Parts of the soundtrack of the movie are from Benjamin Britten's opera based on the novella. ## Holy Motors Holy Motors is a 2012 French-German fantasy drama film written and directed by Leos Carax, starring Denis Lavant and Édith Scob. Lavant plays Mr. Oscar, a man not unlike an actor who inhabits several roles, but there are no apparent cameras filming the man's performances. It is Carax's first feature film since 1999. The film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival. ## Un tour de manège Un Tour de Manège (] ; a.k.a. "Roundabout" (UK), "Once Around the Park" (US)) is a 1989 French film starring Juliette Binoche, François Cluzet, Denis Lavant and Michel Aumont. It is the first and to date only film directed by the acclaimed French theatre director Pierre Pradinas. The film was shot on location in Paris in the summer of 1988. ## Veit Helmer Veit Helmer (born 24 April 1968) is a German film director and screenwriter. He started shooting films at the age of fourteen. After finishing school he was trainee at German TV station NDR. Two month before the wall came down, he moved to East-Berlin to study theatre directing at the famous drama school "Ernst Busch". From 1991 to 1997 Helmer studied film directing at HFF Munich. His first feature film "Tuvalu" (starring Denis Lavant and Chulpan Khamatova) earned more than 32 awards. His 2008 film "Absurdistan" was premiered in Sundance and entered into the 30th Moscow International Film Festival. ## Boy Meets Girl (1984 film) Boy Meets Girl is a 1984 French drama film written and directed by Leos Carax, starring Denis Lavant and Mireille Perrier. It was Carax's first feature film. The plot follows the relationship of an aspiring filmmaker (Denis Lavant), who has just been left by his lover and a suicidal young woman (Mireille Perrier), who is also reeling from a failed romance. ## Denis Lavant Denis Lavant (born 17 June 1961) is a French actor known for his distinctive face and the physically demanding aspects of the roles he plays, which often involve slapstick, acrobatics or dance, as well as for his long-standing association with director Leos Carax. Lavant has played the lead role in all but one of Carax's films. Lavant is also known for his roles in Claire Denis' "Beau Travail", and Harmony Korine's "Mister Lonely". Question: What was the name of the novella that was adapted to film directed by Claire Denis and starring Denis Lavant? Answer: ### Response: Billy Budd

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Big Sky Brewing Company Big Sky Brewing Company is a brewery located in Missoula, Montana, USA. It brews six different styles of beer: Moose Drool (a brown ale), Scape Goat (Pale Ale), Big Sky (India Pale ale), Powder Hound (Winter Ale), Summer Honey (Seasonal Ale), and Trout Slayer Ale. ## India pale ale India pale ale (IPA) is a hoppy beer style within the broader category of pale ale. It has also been referred to as "pale ale as prepared for India", "India ale", "pale India ale", or "pale export India ale". ## Marshall Brewing Company Marshall Brewing Company is a brewery in Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA. It opened in 2008 in a 7300 sqft facility outside downtown Tulsa, Oklahoma. It is the first commercial brewing facility in Tulsa since World War II. The brewery produced about 1200 USbeerbbl in 2009 and 2000 USbeerbbl in 2010. Currently, Marshall Brewing offers four year-round core beers: a North German-style pilsner, an English bitter, an India Pale Ale, and an American-style wheat ale. Outside of their core brands, Marshall Brewing offers over 20 different beers throughout the year, styles including an India-style Black Ale (El Cucuy), a German Hefeweizen (Klaus), and a Munich Dunkel, among others. ## Summit Brewing Company Summit Brewing Company is a regional craft brewery in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States, that brews a wide selection of popular beers. It is sometimes mistakenly believed to be a microbrewery, even though Summit's output is in the top 50 of breweries in the United States, with approximately 129,000 barrels of beer produced in 2015, and a capacity of 240,000 barrels per year. Their flagship beer, an English Pale Ale (branded "Summit Extra Pale Ale") is especially popular in the Twin Cities area. ## Beer in San Diego County, California San Diego County, California has been called "the Craft Beer Capital of America." As of 2016 the county was home to 125 licensed craft breweries - the most of any region in the United States. Based on 2016 sales volume, three San Diego County breweries - Stone, Green Flash, and Karl Strauss - rank among the 50 largest craft brewers in the United States. San Diego County brewers pioneered the specialty beer style known as Double India Pale Ale (Double IPA), sometimes called San Diego Pale Ale. Its beer culture is a draw for tourism, particularly during major festivals such as San Diego Beer Week and the San Diego International Beer Competition. San Diego County breweries like Stone Brewing Co., AleSmith Brewing Company and Ballast Point Brewing Company are consistently rated among the top breweries in the world. ## Dark Horse Brewery Dark Horse Brewery is a brewery and tap room in Marshall, Michigan, USA. Dark Horse brews a variety of beers and beer styles, including the Crooked Tree India Pale Ale, Amber Ale, Raspberry Ale, Sapient Trip Ale, Boffo Brown Beer, and Black Bier. Several seasonal and experimental brews are also produced. Dark Horse puts out a significant amount of beer for their tank size but are still able to hand-fold and stock every six-pack produced. The brewery has won several medals at various brewing competitions. ## Russian River Brewing Company Russian River Brewing Company is a brewery and brewpub in downtown Santa Rosa, California. The company makes strong India pale ales and sour beers. ## Heavy Seas Beer Heavy Seas Beer is brewed by Clipper City Brewing Company, in Baltimore, Maryland. The brewery was established by Hugh Sisson in 1995. Previously, Sisson operated Maryland's first brewpub, Sisson's. In 2010, the brewery rebranded. While the name of the company remains Clipper City Brewing Company, all of its beer falls under the Heavy Seas brand. Heavy Seas hosts tours on most weekends. It is located at 4615 Hollins Ferry Road, Suite B, in the Halethorpe section of Baltimore. Heavy Seas currently offers a variety of beer styles in approx. 18 states within the United States. Several Heavy Seas beers have been awarded and include the following: Cutlass Amber Lager (a repeat medal winner at the Great American Beer Festival from 2006-2010, bronze medal winner at the 2010 World Beer Cup and silver medal winner at the 2012 World Beer Cup as Heavy Seas Märzen), Powder Monkey Pale Ale (silver medal winner at the 2008 Great American Beer Festival and bronze medal winner at the 2010 World Beer Cup as Heavy Seas Pale Ale), Small Craft Warning Uber Pils (bronze medal winner at the 2004 Great American Beer Festival), Gold Ale (gold medal winner at the 2010 World Beer Cup, bronze medal winner at the 2010 Great American Beer Festival and bronze medal winner at the 2014 Great American Beer Festival as Heavy Seas Gold Ale) and Winter Storm Imperial ESB (gold medal winner at the 2008 World Beer Cup). ## Wild Goose (beer) Wild Goose is a brand of beer brewed by the Logan Shaw Brewing Company of Washington, D.C.. The brand is available in traditional English style ale including India Pale Ale and an Oatmeal Stout. ## Rye IPA Rye India Pale Ale is a style of Rye Beer that has a strong hoppy character comparable to the India Pale Ale. The Rye India Pale Ale is a Beer style that uses malted rye grains in the mash ingredients. The addition of rye adds a tangy or spicy character to the beer. Its use has recently grown in popularity among American Craft Brewers but has been a traditional brewing grain for many eastern European breweries for many years. Question: What type of beverage does Russian River Brewing Company and India pale ale have in common? Answer:

beer

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Big Sky Brewing Company Big Sky Brewing Company is a brewery located in Missoula, Montana, USA. It brews six different styles of beer: Moose Drool (a brown ale), Scape Goat (Pale Ale), Big Sky (India Pale ale), Powder Hound (Winter Ale), Summer Honey (Seasonal Ale), and Trout Slayer Ale. ## India pale ale India pale ale (IPA) is a hoppy beer style within the broader category of pale ale. It has also been referred to as "pale ale as prepared for India", "India ale", "pale India ale", or "pale export India ale". ## Marshall Brewing Company Marshall Brewing Company is a brewery in Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA. It opened in 2008 in a 7300 sqft facility outside downtown Tulsa, Oklahoma. It is the first commercial brewing facility in Tulsa since World War II. The brewery produced about 1200 USbeerbbl in 2009 and 2000 USbeerbbl in 2010. Currently, Marshall Brewing offers four year-round core beers: a North German-style pilsner, an English bitter, an India Pale Ale, and an American-style wheat ale. Outside of their core brands, Marshall Brewing offers over 20 different beers throughout the year, styles including an India-style Black Ale (El Cucuy), a German Hefeweizen (Klaus), and a Munich Dunkel, among others. ## Summit Brewing Company Summit Brewing Company is a regional craft brewery in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States, that brews a wide selection of popular beers. It is sometimes mistakenly believed to be a microbrewery, even though Summit's output is in the top 50 of breweries in the United States, with approximately 129,000 barrels of beer produced in 2015, and a capacity of 240,000 barrels per year. Their flagship beer, an English Pale Ale (branded "Summit Extra Pale Ale") is especially popular in the Twin Cities area. ## Beer in San Diego County, California San Diego County, California has been called "the Craft Beer Capital of America." As of 2016 the county was home to 125 licensed craft breweries - the most of any region in the United States. Based on 2016 sales volume, three San Diego County breweries - Stone, Green Flash, and Karl Strauss - rank among the 50 largest craft brewers in the United States. San Diego County brewers pioneered the specialty beer style known as Double India Pale Ale (Double IPA), sometimes called San Diego Pale Ale. Its beer culture is a draw for tourism, particularly during major festivals such as San Diego Beer Week and the San Diego International Beer Competition. San Diego County breweries like Stone Brewing Co., AleSmith Brewing Company and Ballast Point Brewing Company are consistently rated among the top breweries in the world. ## Dark Horse Brewery Dark Horse Brewery is a brewery and tap room in Marshall, Michigan, USA. Dark Horse brews a variety of beers and beer styles, including the Crooked Tree India Pale Ale, Amber Ale, Raspberry Ale, Sapient Trip Ale, Boffo Brown Beer, and Black Bier. Several seasonal and experimental brews are also produced. Dark Horse puts out a significant amount of beer for their tank size but are still able to hand-fold and stock every six-pack produced. The brewery has won several medals at various brewing competitions. ## Russian River Brewing Company Russian River Brewing Company is a brewery and brewpub in downtown Santa Rosa, California. The company makes strong India pale ales and sour beers. ## Heavy Seas Beer Heavy Seas Beer is brewed by Clipper City Brewing Company, in Baltimore, Maryland. The brewery was established by Hugh Sisson in 1995. Previously, Sisson operated Maryland's first brewpub, Sisson's. In 2010, the brewery rebranded. While the name of the company remains Clipper City Brewing Company, all of its beer falls under the Heavy Seas brand. Heavy Seas hosts tours on most weekends. It is located at 4615 Hollins Ferry Road, Suite B, in the Halethorpe section of Baltimore. Heavy Seas currently offers a variety of beer styles in approx. 18 states within the United States. Several Heavy Seas beers have been awarded and include the following: Cutlass Amber Lager (a repeat medal winner at the Great American Beer Festival from 2006-2010, bronze medal winner at the 2010 World Beer Cup and silver medal winner at the 2012 World Beer Cup as Heavy Seas Märzen), Powder Monkey Pale Ale (silver medal winner at the 2008 Great American Beer Festival and bronze medal winner at the 2010 World Beer Cup as Heavy Seas Pale Ale), Small Craft Warning Uber Pils (bronze medal winner at the 2004 Great American Beer Festival), Gold Ale (gold medal winner at the 2010 World Beer Cup, bronze medal winner at the 2010 Great American Beer Festival and bronze medal winner at the 2014 Great American Beer Festival as Heavy Seas Gold Ale) and Winter Storm Imperial ESB (gold medal winner at the 2008 World Beer Cup). ## Wild Goose (beer) Wild Goose is a brand of beer brewed by the Logan Shaw Brewing Company of Washington, D.C.. The brand is available in traditional English style ale including India Pale Ale and an Oatmeal Stout. ## Rye IPA Rye India Pale Ale is a style of Rye Beer that has a strong hoppy character comparable to the India Pale Ale. The Rye India Pale Ale is a Beer style that uses malted rye grains in the mash ingredients. The addition of rye adds a tangy or spicy character to the beer. Its use has recently grown in popularity among American Craft Brewers but has been a traditional brewing grain for many eastern European breweries for many years. Question: What type of beverage does Russian River Brewing Company and India pale ale have in common? Answer: ### Response: beer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. (abbreviated as FCA) is an Italian-controlled multinational corporation incorporated in the Netherlands, and currently the world’s seventh-largest auto maker. The group was established in late 2014 by merging Fiat S.p.A. into a new holding company, FCA (with headquarters in London) for tax purposes. The holding company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Borsa Italiana in Milan. Exor S.p.A, an Italian investment group controlled by the Agnelli family, owns 29.19% of FCA and controls 44.31% through a loyalty voting mechanism. ## Fiat Automobiles Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. (FIAT, Italian: "Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino" , 'Italian Automobiles Factory, Turin' ) is the largest automobile manufacturer in Italy, a subsidiary of FCA Italy S.p.A., which is part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. was formed in January 2007 when Fiat reorganized its automobile business, and traces its history back to 1899 when the first Fiat automobile was produced. Fiat has also been involved in weapons manufacture such as the Fiat–Revelli Modello 1914 ## Fiat S.p.A. Fiat S.p.A., or "Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino" (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin), was an Italian holding company whose original and core activities were in the automotive industry, and that was succeeded by Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV (FCA). The Fiat Group contained many brands such as Ferrari, Maserati, Fiat, Alfa Romeo, the Chrysler Group, and many more. On 29 January 2014, it was announced that Fiat S.p.A. (the former owner of Fiat Group) was to be merged into a new Netherlands-based holding company Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV (FCA), took place before the end of 2014. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles became the new owner of Fiat Group. On 1 August 2014, Fiat S.p.A. received necessary shareholder approval to proceed with the merger (which followed board approval). The merger became effective 12 October 2014. ## Mekong Auto Mekong Auto Corporation headquartered in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, is a car manufacturer and assembler founded in 1991. The first car was built at the Delta Auto Plant on May 20, 1992. Japanese Saeilo Machinery Japan Inc. is the major shareholder of the company, owning 51%. The company opened Co Loa Auto Plant in Ha Noi City in 1993. The company works with Fiat S.p.A. (Fiat cars and Iveco trucks), Pyeonghwa Motors and SsangYong. ## Teksid Teksid (Teksid S.p.A.) is an Italian company based in Carmagnola which specialises in the production of iron and castings for the automotive industry. Originally known as Ferriere Piemontesi, Teksid is owned by Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and was owned its predecessor Fiat S.p.A. since 1917. The company was renamed Teksid in January 1978. ## Fiat Industrial Fiat Industrial S.p.A. was an Italian company into which Fiat S.p.A. (parent company of Fiat Group) demerged most of its activities not directly related to automobiles at the start of 2011. Fiat Industrial served as a holding company for the activities of truck manufacturer Iveco; an 89.3% stake in the agricultural and construction equipment producer CNH Global; and FPT Industrial, which consists of the industrial and marine activities formerly part of Fiat Powertrain Technologies. The company's Chairman was Sergio Marchionne, who also served as CEO of Fiat S.p.A. and Chairman/CEO of Chrysler Group LLC, now merged as Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. ## FCA Bank FCA Bank, a joint venture between Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Italy S.p.A. and Crédit Agricole Consumer Finance S.A is a bank dedicated to motorists, which mainly operates in the automotive financing sector and cooperates with prestigious automotive brands (Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Fiat, Fiat Professional, Jeep, Abarth, Maserati, Jaguar and Land Rover) as well as motorhome and caravan manufacturers. ## CNH Global CNH Global NV was the holding company for the Italian public multinational manufacturer of agricultural and construction equipment, established on November 12, 1999, through the merger of Case and New Holland. Effective 29 September 2013, CNH Global N.V. and Fiat Industrial S.p.A. were merged into CNH Industrial N.V. ## Alfa Romeo Pomigliano d'Arco plant The Alfa Romeo Pomigliano d'Arco plant, commonly known as the Alfasud Pomigliano and renamed in 2008 as "Giambattista Vico" in memory of the Neapolitan philosopher, is a car factory, situated in the town of Pomigliano d'Arco, and partly in Acerra. The factory is nowadays owned by the Fiat S.p.A. Designed in 1968 by Alfa Romeo, the factory began car production in 1972. Today the plant has about 6,000 employees. The last Alfa Romeo model produced in Pomigliano was the Alfa Romeo 159 on 28 October 2011, the factory was converted to build the new Fiat Panda. ## Fiat-Sollers Fiat-Sollers (Russian: СП «Соллерс-Fiat» ) was a joint venture between Fiat S.p.A. and Sollers JSC (formerly Severstal Avto). Each company had a 50% share in the venture, and the product range was determined by Fiat. Question: When was the merger of Fiat S.p.A. into a new holding company, FCA became effective? Answer:

12 October 2014

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. (abbreviated as FCA) is an Italian-controlled multinational corporation incorporated in the Netherlands, and currently the world’s seventh-largest auto maker. The group was established in late 2014 by merging Fiat S.p.A. into a new holding company, FCA (with headquarters in London) for tax purposes. The holding company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Borsa Italiana in Milan. Exor S.p.A, an Italian investment group controlled by the Agnelli family, owns 29.19% of FCA and controls 44.31% through a loyalty voting mechanism. ## Fiat Automobiles Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. (FIAT, Italian: "Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino" , 'Italian Automobiles Factory, Turin' ) is the largest automobile manufacturer in Italy, a subsidiary of FCA Italy S.p.A., which is part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. was formed in January 2007 when Fiat reorganized its automobile business, and traces its history back to 1899 when the first Fiat automobile was produced. Fiat has also been involved in weapons manufacture such as the Fiat–Revelli Modello 1914 ## Fiat S.p.A. Fiat S.p.A., or "Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino" (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin), was an Italian holding company whose original and core activities were in the automotive industry, and that was succeeded by Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV (FCA). The Fiat Group contained many brands such as Ferrari, Maserati, Fiat, Alfa Romeo, the Chrysler Group, and many more. On 29 January 2014, it was announced that Fiat S.p.A. (the former owner of Fiat Group) was to be merged into a new Netherlands-based holding company Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV (FCA), took place before the end of 2014. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles became the new owner of Fiat Group. On 1 August 2014, Fiat S.p.A. received necessary shareholder approval to proceed with the merger (which followed board approval). The merger became effective 12 October 2014. ## Mekong Auto Mekong Auto Corporation headquartered in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, is a car manufacturer and assembler founded in 1991. The first car was built at the Delta Auto Plant on May 20, 1992. Japanese Saeilo Machinery Japan Inc. is the major shareholder of the company, owning 51%. The company opened Co Loa Auto Plant in Ha Noi City in 1993. The company works with Fiat S.p.A. (Fiat cars and Iveco trucks), Pyeonghwa Motors and SsangYong. ## Teksid Teksid (Teksid S.p.A.) is an Italian company based in Carmagnola which specialises in the production of iron and castings for the automotive industry. Originally known as Ferriere Piemontesi, Teksid is owned by Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and was owned its predecessor Fiat S.p.A. since 1917. The company was renamed Teksid in January 1978. ## Fiat Industrial Fiat Industrial S.p.A. was an Italian company into which Fiat S.p.A. (parent company of Fiat Group) demerged most of its activities not directly related to automobiles at the start of 2011. Fiat Industrial served as a holding company for the activities of truck manufacturer Iveco; an 89.3% stake in the agricultural and construction equipment producer CNH Global; and FPT Industrial, which consists of the industrial and marine activities formerly part of Fiat Powertrain Technologies. The company's Chairman was Sergio Marchionne, who also served as CEO of Fiat S.p.A. and Chairman/CEO of Chrysler Group LLC, now merged as Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. ## FCA Bank FCA Bank, a joint venture between Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Italy S.p.A. and Crédit Agricole Consumer Finance S.A is a bank dedicated to motorists, which mainly operates in the automotive financing sector and cooperates with prestigious automotive brands (Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Fiat, Fiat Professional, Jeep, Abarth, Maserati, Jaguar and Land Rover) as well as motorhome and caravan manufacturers. ## CNH Global CNH Global NV was the holding company for the Italian public multinational manufacturer of agricultural and construction equipment, established on November 12, 1999, through the merger of Case and New Holland. Effective 29 September 2013, CNH Global N.V. and Fiat Industrial S.p.A. were merged into CNH Industrial N.V. ## Alfa Romeo Pomigliano d'Arco plant The Alfa Romeo Pomigliano d'Arco plant, commonly known as the Alfasud Pomigliano and renamed in 2008 as "Giambattista Vico" in memory of the Neapolitan philosopher, is a car factory, situated in the town of Pomigliano d'Arco, and partly in Acerra. The factory is nowadays owned by the Fiat S.p.A. Designed in 1968 by Alfa Romeo, the factory began car production in 1972. Today the plant has about 6,000 employees. The last Alfa Romeo model produced in Pomigliano was the Alfa Romeo 159 on 28 October 2011, the factory was converted to build the new Fiat Panda. ## Fiat-Sollers Fiat-Sollers (Russian: СП «Соллерс-Fiat» ) was a joint venture between Fiat S.p.A. and Sollers JSC (formerly Severstal Avto). Each company had a 50% share in the venture, and the product range was determined by Fiat. Question: When was the merger of Fiat S.p.A. into a new holding company, FCA became effective? Answer: ### Response: 12 October 2014

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Streets of Laredo (miniseries) Larry McMurtry's Streets of Laredo is a 1995 American Western television miniseries directed by Joseph Sargent. It is a three-part adaptation of the 1993 novel of the same name by author Larry McMurtry and is the third installment in the Lonesome Dove series serving as a direct sequel to "Lonesome Dove" (1989), ignoring the events of "Return to Lonesome Dove" (1993). ## The Berrybender Narratives The Berrybender Narratives is a series of novels written by Larry McMurtry. It tells the story of an ill-fated hunting expedition lasting several years and covering much of the early American West. As with much of McMurtry's Western fiction, it weaves a tale of bloody adventure with a sort of ghastly dark humor. ## Spur Award Spur Awards are literary prizes awarded annually by the Western Writers of America (WWA). The purpose of the Spur Awards is to honor writers for distinguished writing about the American West. The Spur awards began in 1953, the same year the WWA was founded. An author need not be a member of the WWA to receive a Spur Award. Among previous Spur Award winners are Larry McMurtry for "Lonesome Dove", Michael Blake for "Dances with Wolves", Glendon Swarthout for "The Shootist", and Tony Hillerman for "Skinwalkers". ## Sally Beauman Sally Vanessa Beauman (née Kinsey-Miles, 25 July 1944 – 7 July 2016) was an English journalist and writer, author of eight widely translated and best-selling novels. ## Rebecca's Tale Rebecca's Tale is a 2001 novel by British author Sally Beauman. The book is a sequel to the Daphne du Maurier novel "Rebecca" and is officially approved by the Du Maurier estate. It continues the original plot and is also roughly consistent with the 1993 sequel "Mrs de Winter" by Susan Hill. ## Larry McMurtry Larry Jeff McMurtry (born June 3, 1936) is an American novelist, essayist, bookseller, and screenwriter whose work is predominantly set in either the old West or in contemporary Texas. His novels include "Horseman, Pass By" (1962), "The Last Picture Show" (1966) and "Terms of Endearment" (1975), which were adapted into films earning 26 Academy Award nominations (10 wins). His 1985 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel "Lonesome Dove" was adapted into a television miniseries that earned 18 Emmy Award nominations (seven wins), with the other three novels in his "Lonesome Dove" series adapted into three more miniseries, earning eight more Emmy nominations. McMurtry and cowriter Diana Ossana adapted the screenplay for "Brokeback Mountain" (2005), which earned eight Academy Award nominations with three wins, including McMurtry and Ossana for Best Adapted Screenplay. ## The Landscape of Love The Landscape of Love (The Sisters Mortland in the US edition) is a novel published by British author Sally Beauman. It tells the tale of the Mortland girls – beautiful, but cold, Julia; remote and aloof Finn; and young ‘different’ Maisie – who come with their mother, Stella, to live in their grandfather's home, a huge and ancient ruin of an abbey. ## Dead Man's Walk Dead Man's Walk is a 1995 novel by Larry McMurtry. It is the third book published in the "Lonesome Dove" series but the first installment in terms of chronology. McMurtry wrote a fourth segment to the "Lonesome Dove" chronicle, "Comanche Moon", which describes the events of the central characters' lives between "Dead Man's Walk" and "Lonesome Dove". The second novel in the "Lonesome Dove" series was the 1993 sequel to the original, called "Streets of Laredo". It was later screened in May 1996 as a three-part miniseries of the same name. ## Thalia, Texas Thalia is an unincorporated community in Foard County in the northern part of the U.S. state of Texas. In 1990, the population was 104. Its name was given to the town portrayed in a number of Larry McMurtry's novels, including his first novel, "Horseman, Pass By" (1961). Mcmurtry's "Thalia" is widely considered to be modeled on his own North Texas hometown of Archer City, about 60 miles from Thalia. ## Diana Ossana Diana Lynn Ossana is an American writer who has collaborated on writing screenplays, teleplays, and novels with author Larry McMurtry since they first worked together in 1992, on the semi-fictionalized biography "Pretty Boy Floyd". She won a Best Adapted Screenplay Oscar or Academy Award, a Writers' Guild of America Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award for her screenplay of Ang Lee's "Brokeback Mountain", along with McMurthy and adapted from the short story of the same name by Annie Proulx. She is a published author in her own right of several short stories and essays. Question: Are Larry McMurtry and Sally Beauman both American writers? Answer:

no

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Streets of Laredo (miniseries) Larry McMurtry's Streets of Laredo is a 1995 American Western television miniseries directed by Joseph Sargent. It is a three-part adaptation of the 1993 novel of the same name by author Larry McMurtry and is the third installment in the Lonesome Dove series serving as a direct sequel to "Lonesome Dove" (1989), ignoring the events of "Return to Lonesome Dove" (1993). ## The Berrybender Narratives The Berrybender Narratives is a series of novels written by Larry McMurtry. It tells the story of an ill-fated hunting expedition lasting several years and covering much of the early American West. As with much of McMurtry's Western fiction, it weaves a tale of bloody adventure with a sort of ghastly dark humor. ## Spur Award Spur Awards are literary prizes awarded annually by the Western Writers of America (WWA). The purpose of the Spur Awards is to honor writers for distinguished writing about the American West. The Spur awards began in 1953, the same year the WWA was founded. An author need not be a member of the WWA to receive a Spur Award. Among previous Spur Award winners are Larry McMurtry for "Lonesome Dove", Michael Blake for "Dances with Wolves", Glendon Swarthout for "The Shootist", and Tony Hillerman for "Skinwalkers". ## Sally Beauman Sally Vanessa Beauman (née Kinsey-Miles, 25 July 1944 – 7 July 2016) was an English journalist and writer, author of eight widely translated and best-selling novels. ## Rebecca's Tale Rebecca's Tale is a 2001 novel by British author Sally Beauman. The book is a sequel to the Daphne du Maurier novel "Rebecca" and is officially approved by the Du Maurier estate. It continues the original plot and is also roughly consistent with the 1993 sequel "Mrs de Winter" by Susan Hill. ## Larry McMurtry Larry Jeff McMurtry (born June 3, 1936) is an American novelist, essayist, bookseller, and screenwriter whose work is predominantly set in either the old West or in contemporary Texas. His novels include "Horseman, Pass By" (1962), "The Last Picture Show" (1966) and "Terms of Endearment" (1975), which were adapted into films earning 26 Academy Award nominations (10 wins). His 1985 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel "Lonesome Dove" was adapted into a television miniseries that earned 18 Emmy Award nominations (seven wins), with the other three novels in his "Lonesome Dove" series adapted into three more miniseries, earning eight more Emmy nominations. McMurtry and cowriter Diana Ossana adapted the screenplay for "Brokeback Mountain" (2005), which earned eight Academy Award nominations with three wins, including McMurtry and Ossana for Best Adapted Screenplay. ## The Landscape of Love The Landscape of Love (The Sisters Mortland in the US edition) is a novel published by British author Sally Beauman. It tells the tale of the Mortland girls – beautiful, but cold, Julia; remote and aloof Finn; and young ‘different’ Maisie – who come with their mother, Stella, to live in their grandfather's home, a huge and ancient ruin of an abbey. ## Dead Man's Walk Dead Man's Walk is a 1995 novel by Larry McMurtry. It is the third book published in the "Lonesome Dove" series but the first installment in terms of chronology. McMurtry wrote a fourth segment to the "Lonesome Dove" chronicle, "Comanche Moon", which describes the events of the central characters' lives between "Dead Man's Walk" and "Lonesome Dove". The second novel in the "Lonesome Dove" series was the 1993 sequel to the original, called "Streets of Laredo". It was later screened in May 1996 as a three-part miniseries of the same name. ## Thalia, Texas Thalia is an unincorporated community in Foard County in the northern part of the U.S. state of Texas. In 1990, the population was 104. Its name was given to the town portrayed in a number of Larry McMurtry's novels, including his first novel, "Horseman, Pass By" (1961). Mcmurtry's "Thalia" is widely considered to be modeled on his own North Texas hometown of Archer City, about 60 miles from Thalia. ## Diana Ossana Diana Lynn Ossana is an American writer who has collaborated on writing screenplays, teleplays, and novels with author Larry McMurtry since they first worked together in 1992, on the semi-fictionalized biography "Pretty Boy Floyd". She won a Best Adapted Screenplay Oscar or Academy Award, a Writers' Guild of America Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award for her screenplay of Ang Lee's "Brokeback Mountain", along with McMurthy and adapted from the short story of the same name by Annie Proulx. She is a published author in her own right of several short stories and essays. Question: Are Larry McMurtry and Sally Beauman both American writers? Answer: ### Response: no

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Allen Iverson Allen Ezail Iverson (born June 7, 1975) is an American former professional basketball player who played for 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played both the shooting guard and point guard positions. Iverson was an eleven-time NBA All-Star, won the All-Star game MVP award in 2001 and 2005, and was the NBA's Most Valuable Player (MVP) in 2001. Iverson is now the captain/coach of 3's Company in the BIG3. ## Kevin Durant Kevin Wayne Durant (born September 29, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has won an NBA championship, an NBA Most Valuable Player Award, the Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award, the NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award, four NBA scoring titles, the NBA Rookie of the Year Award, and two Olympic gold medals. Durant has also been selected to seven All-NBA teams and eight NBA All-Star teams. ## Stephen Curry Wardell Stephen Curry II (born March 14, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Many players and analysts have called him the greatest shooter in NBA history. In 2014–15, Curry won the NBA Most Valuable Player Award and led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975. The following season, he became the first player in NBA history to be elected MVP by a unanimous vote and to lead the league in scoring while shooting above 50–40–90. That same year, the Warriors broke the record for the most wins in an NBA season. Curry helped the Warriors return to the NBA Finals for a third straight year in 2017, where he won his second NBA championship. ## Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr.; April 16, 1947) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers. During his career as a center, Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP), a record 19-time NBA All-Star, a 15-time All-NBA selection, and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member. A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach, Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP. In 1996, he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History. NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time. ## Othella Harrington Othella Harrington (born January 31, 1974) is a retired American professional basketball player and former director of basketball operations for the Georgetown University men's basketball team. After he finished his high school career at Murrah High School, he played in college at Georgetown University where he teamed with NBA superstar Allen Iverson. Harrington was drafted 30th overall (1st pick of the second round) in the 1996 NBA Draft by the Houston Rockets. In 2011, Harrington was hired as an assistant coach at his alma mater Georgetown. ## Andre Iguodala Andre Tyler Iguodala ( ; born January 28, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The swingman was an NBA All-Star in 2012 and has been named to the NBA All-Defensive Team twice. Iguodala won an NBA championship with the Warriors in 2015, when he was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. Iguodala helped the Warriors return to the NBA Finals for a third straight year in 2017, winning his second NBA Championship. He was also a member of the United States national team at the 2010 FIBA World Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal both times. ## 2013 NBA Summer League The 2013 NBA Summer League is a pro basketball league run by the NBA just after the 2013 NBA draft. It gives newly drafted players a chance to test their skills against each other, and to give them a feel for professional basketball. All 30 NBA teams participated, along with the D-League Select. The Miami Heat were the only team to participate in both Summer Leagues. It ran from July 7–12 in Orlando and July 12–22 in Las Vegas. Jeremy Lamb of the Oklahoma City Thunder was named the Most Valuable Player of the Orlando Summer League. Jonas Valančiūnas of the Toronto Raptors went on to be named the Most Valuable Player of the Las Vegas Summer League. Ian Clark of the Golden State Warriors was named the Most Valuable Player of the Las Vegas Summer League Championship Game. ## Kawhi Leonard Kawhi Anthony Leonard ( , born June 29, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played two seasons of college basketball for San Diego State University before being selected with the 15th overall pick in the 2011 NBA draft by the Indiana Pacers. He was then traded to San Antonio on draft night. Leonard won an NBA Championship with the Spurs in 2014 and was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. He is a two-time NBA Defensive Player of the Year, having won in 2015 and 2016, and is a two-time All-NBA First Team member. ## LeBron James LeBron Raymone James ( ; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). James has won three NBA championships, four NBA Most Valuable Player Awards, three NBA Finals MVP Awards, two Olympic gold medals, an NBA scoring title, and the NBA Rookie of the Year Award. He has also been selected to 13 NBA All-Star teams, 13 All-NBA teams, and six All-Defensive teams, is the Cavaliers' all-time leading scorer, and is the NBA career playoff scoring leader. ## Russell Westbrook Russell Westbrook III (born November 12, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is a six-time NBA All-Star, and a two-time NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player, winning consecutive awards in 2015 and 2016. He is also a six-time All-NBA Team member and led the league in scoring in 2014–15 and 2016–17. In 2017, Westbrook became one of two players in NBA history to average a triple-double for a season, along with Oscar Robertson in 1962. He also set a record for the most triple-doubles in a season, with 42. He was subsequently named the 2016–17 NBA Most Valuable Player. Question: Which American professional basketball player was the NBA's Most Valuable Player in 2001? Answer:

Allen Iverson

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Allen Iverson Allen Ezail Iverson (born June 7, 1975) is an American former professional basketball player who played for 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played both the shooting guard and point guard positions. Iverson was an eleven-time NBA All-Star, won the All-Star game MVP award in 2001 and 2005, and was the NBA's Most Valuable Player (MVP) in 2001. Iverson is now the captain/coach of 3's Company in the BIG3. ## Kevin Durant Kevin Wayne Durant (born September 29, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has won an NBA championship, an NBA Most Valuable Player Award, the Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award, the NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award, four NBA scoring titles, the NBA Rookie of the Year Award, and two Olympic gold medals. Durant has also been selected to seven All-NBA teams and eight NBA All-Star teams. ## Stephen Curry Wardell Stephen Curry II (born March 14, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Many players and analysts have called him the greatest shooter in NBA history. In 2014–15, Curry won the NBA Most Valuable Player Award and led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975. The following season, he became the first player in NBA history to be elected MVP by a unanimous vote and to lead the league in scoring while shooting above 50–40–90. That same year, the Warriors broke the record for the most wins in an NBA season. Curry helped the Warriors return to the NBA Finals for a third straight year in 2017, where he won his second NBA championship. ## Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr.; April 16, 1947) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers. During his career as a center, Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP), a record 19-time NBA All-Star, a 15-time All-NBA selection, and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member. A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach, Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP. In 1996, he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History. NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time. ## Othella Harrington Othella Harrington (born January 31, 1974) is a retired American professional basketball player and former director of basketball operations for the Georgetown University men's basketball team. After he finished his high school career at Murrah High School, he played in college at Georgetown University where he teamed with NBA superstar Allen Iverson. Harrington was drafted 30th overall (1st pick of the second round) in the 1996 NBA Draft by the Houston Rockets. In 2011, Harrington was hired as an assistant coach at his alma mater Georgetown. ## Andre Iguodala Andre Tyler Iguodala ( ; born January 28, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The swingman was an NBA All-Star in 2012 and has been named to the NBA All-Defensive Team twice. Iguodala won an NBA championship with the Warriors in 2015, when he was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. Iguodala helped the Warriors return to the NBA Finals for a third straight year in 2017, winning his second NBA Championship. He was also a member of the United States national team at the 2010 FIBA World Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal both times. ## 2013 NBA Summer League The 2013 NBA Summer League is a pro basketball league run by the NBA just after the 2013 NBA draft. It gives newly drafted players a chance to test their skills against each other, and to give them a feel for professional basketball. All 30 NBA teams participated, along with the D-League Select. The Miami Heat were the only team to participate in both Summer Leagues. It ran from July 7–12 in Orlando and July 12–22 in Las Vegas. Jeremy Lamb of the Oklahoma City Thunder was named the Most Valuable Player of the Orlando Summer League. Jonas Valančiūnas of the Toronto Raptors went on to be named the Most Valuable Player of the Las Vegas Summer League. Ian Clark of the Golden State Warriors was named the Most Valuable Player of the Las Vegas Summer League Championship Game. ## Kawhi Leonard Kawhi Anthony Leonard ( , born June 29, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played two seasons of college basketball for San Diego State University before being selected with the 15th overall pick in the 2011 NBA draft by the Indiana Pacers. He was then traded to San Antonio on draft night. Leonard won an NBA Championship with the Spurs in 2014 and was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. He is a two-time NBA Defensive Player of the Year, having won in 2015 and 2016, and is a two-time All-NBA First Team member. ## LeBron James LeBron Raymone James ( ; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). James has won three NBA championships, four NBA Most Valuable Player Awards, three NBA Finals MVP Awards, two Olympic gold medals, an NBA scoring title, and the NBA Rookie of the Year Award. He has also been selected to 13 NBA All-Star teams, 13 All-NBA teams, and six All-Defensive teams, is the Cavaliers' all-time leading scorer, and is the NBA career playoff scoring leader. ## Russell Westbrook Russell Westbrook III (born November 12, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is a six-time NBA All-Star, and a two-time NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player, winning consecutive awards in 2015 and 2016. He is also a six-time All-NBA Team member and led the league in scoring in 2014–15 and 2016–17. In 2017, Westbrook became one of two players in NBA history to average a triple-double for a season, along with Oscar Robertson in 1962. He also set a record for the most triple-doubles in a season, with 42. He was subsequently named the 2016–17 NBA Most Valuable Player. Question: Which American professional basketball player was the NBA's Most Valuable Player in 2001? Answer: ### Response: Allen Iverson

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Nikolai Yadrintsev Nikolai Mikhailovich Yadrintsev (Russian: Николай Михайлович Ядринцев ; October 18, 1842, Omsk – June 7, 1894, Barnaul) was a Russian public figure, explorer, archaeologist, and turkologist. His discoveries include the Orkhon script, Genghis Khan's capital, Karakorum and Ordu-Baliq, the capital of the Uyghur Khaganate. He was also one of the founding figures of Siberian separatism. ## Ordu-Baliq Ordu-Baliq (meaning "city of the court", "city of the army"), also known as Mubalik and Karabalghasun, was the capital of the first Uyghur Khaganate, built on the site of the former Göktürk imperial capital, 27 km north-to-northwest of the later Mongol capital, Karakorum. Its ruins are known as Kharbalgas in Mongolian, that is, "black city". They form part of the World Heritage Site Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape. ## Dykyi Sad archaeological site The Dykyi Sad archaeological site constitutes the remains of an ancient port city discovered in the Dykyi Sad park (Ukrainian: Дикий Сад , 'Wild Garden' ) in Mykolaiv, Ukraine. The site is dated to the Bilozerska culture, around 1250–925 BC. ## Terqa Terqa is the name of an ancient city discovered at the site of Tell Ashara on the banks of the middle Euphrates in Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria, approximately 80 km from the modern border with Iraq. Its name had become Sirqu by Neo-Assyrian times. ## Standard of review In law, the standard of review is the amount of deference given by one court (or some other appellate tribunal) in reviewing a decision of a lower court or tribunal. A low standard of review means that the decision under review will be varied or overturned if the reviewing court considers there is any error at all in the lower court's decision. A high standard of review means that deference is accorded to the decision under review, so that it will not be disturbed just because the reviewing court might have decided the matter differently; it will be varied only if the higher court considers the decision to have obvious error. The standard of review may be set by statute, rule or precedent. In the United States, "standard of review" also has a separate meaning concerning the level of deference the judiciary gives to Congress when ruling on the constitutionality of legislation. ## Oneira Oneira is a science fiction comedy written for BBC Radio 4 Extra by Robert Easby. It tells a surreal story of the encounter between a young museum guard, called Oneira, and a 400-year-old alchemist calling himself Nikolai. Nikolai claims to be the artist who painted one of the pictures hanging in the museum. The painting includes a figure who resembles Nikolai himself. He also tells Oneira that he and she are destined to search for a book of alchemy called the "Lux Ata" or "Book of Black Light". The resulting quest involves aliens, string theory, a sinister official from the electricity board called "Mister Resistor", a TV cooking show, a cappuccino bar, a comedian travelling by flying saucer, and a dead science fiction author. Oneira's boyfriend Pete is transformed from an up-and-coming young financier in the City into a bucket of water and a pair of Argyll socks while their expensive penthouse flat is destroyed by a ravenous refrigerator. ## Alexandra Smirnova Alexandra Osipovna Smirnova (Russian: Александра Осиповна Смирнова , née Rosset, known also as Smirnova-Rosset, Смирнова-Россет; March 6, 1809 in Odessa, Russian Empire – June 7, 1882 in Paris, France) was a Russian Imperial court lady-in-waiting who served first widow Empress Maria Fyodorovna, then, after her death in 1828, Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna. Alexandra Rosset (who in 1832 married Russian diplomat Nikolai Smirnov), was an elitist Saint Petersburg salon hostess and a friend of Alexander Pushkin, Vasily Zhukovsky, Pyotr Vyazemsky, Nikolai Gogol and Mikhail Lermontov. She is best remembered for her memoirs, unusually frank, occasionally caustic, and, as it was argued decades later, not necessarily accurate. ## Murder of Nikolai Volkov On the evening of 27 March 2017, approximately at 10:30pm Nikolai Volkov, the head of construction department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, was found dead in Moscow on the Osennaya Street with gunshot wounds discovered on his body. “Interfax” quoted the source in law enforcement agencies claiming that the body found belonged to Nikolai Volkov. According to the investigative committee of Russia, the assault was exclusively aimed at the purpose of robbery. ## Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy (1828–1900) was a Privy Counsellor and Chamberlain of the Russian Imperial Court. A relative of the Decembrist Prince Sergei Petrovich Troubetzkoy, he served as the President of the Moscow branch of the Russian Musical Society. For many years, he was a close aide of the composer Nikolai Rubinstein. ## Divisional court (England and Wales) A divisional court, in relation to the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, means a court sitting with at least two judges. Matters heard by a divisional court include some criminal cases in the High Court (including appeals from magistrates' courts and in extradition proceedings) as well as certain judicial review cases. Although often referred to in practice as "the" Divisional Court, a divisional court is in fact not a separate court or division of the High Court but essentially refers to the number of judges sitting. Usually a divisional court sits with two judges but occasionally the bench comprises three judges (as it did in the recent appeal concerning disclosure of MPs' expenses, where the court comprised the President of the Queen's Bench Division, a Lord Justice of Appeal and a High Court Judge). Question: Which city discovered by Nikolai Yadrintsev means "city of the court"? Answer:

Ordu-Baliq

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Nikolai Yadrintsev Nikolai Mikhailovich Yadrintsev (Russian: Николай Михайлович Ядринцев ; October 18, 1842, Omsk – June 7, 1894, Barnaul) was a Russian public figure, explorer, archaeologist, and turkologist. His discoveries include the Orkhon script, Genghis Khan's capital, Karakorum and Ordu-Baliq, the capital of the Uyghur Khaganate. He was also one of the founding figures of Siberian separatism. ## Ordu-Baliq Ordu-Baliq (meaning "city of the court", "city of the army"), also known as Mubalik and Karabalghasun, was the capital of the first Uyghur Khaganate, built on the site of the former Göktürk imperial capital, 27 km north-to-northwest of the later Mongol capital, Karakorum. Its ruins are known as Kharbalgas in Mongolian, that is, "black city". They form part of the World Heritage Site Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape. ## Dykyi Sad archaeological site The Dykyi Sad archaeological site constitutes the remains of an ancient port city discovered in the Dykyi Sad park (Ukrainian: Дикий Сад , 'Wild Garden' ) in Mykolaiv, Ukraine. The site is dated to the Bilozerska culture, around 1250–925 BC. ## Terqa Terqa is the name of an ancient city discovered at the site of Tell Ashara on the banks of the middle Euphrates in Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria, approximately 80 km from the modern border with Iraq. Its name had become Sirqu by Neo-Assyrian times. ## Standard of review In law, the standard of review is the amount of deference given by one court (or some other appellate tribunal) in reviewing a decision of a lower court or tribunal. A low standard of review means that the decision under review will be varied or overturned if the reviewing court considers there is any error at all in the lower court's decision. A high standard of review means that deference is accorded to the decision under review, so that it will not be disturbed just because the reviewing court might have decided the matter differently; it will be varied only if the higher court considers the decision to have obvious error. The standard of review may be set by statute, rule or precedent. In the United States, "standard of review" also has a separate meaning concerning the level of deference the judiciary gives to Congress when ruling on the constitutionality of legislation. ## Oneira Oneira is a science fiction comedy written for BBC Radio 4 Extra by Robert Easby. It tells a surreal story of the encounter between a young museum guard, called Oneira, and a 400-year-old alchemist calling himself Nikolai. Nikolai claims to be the artist who painted one of the pictures hanging in the museum. The painting includes a figure who resembles Nikolai himself. He also tells Oneira that he and she are destined to search for a book of alchemy called the "Lux Ata" or "Book of Black Light". The resulting quest involves aliens, string theory, a sinister official from the electricity board called "Mister Resistor", a TV cooking show, a cappuccino bar, a comedian travelling by flying saucer, and a dead science fiction author. Oneira's boyfriend Pete is transformed from an up-and-coming young financier in the City into a bucket of water and a pair of Argyll socks while their expensive penthouse flat is destroyed by a ravenous refrigerator. ## Alexandra Smirnova Alexandra Osipovna Smirnova (Russian: Александра Осиповна Смирнова , née Rosset, known also as Smirnova-Rosset, Смирнова-Россет; March 6, 1809 in Odessa, Russian Empire – June 7, 1882 in Paris, France) was a Russian Imperial court lady-in-waiting who served first widow Empress Maria Fyodorovna, then, after her death in 1828, Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna. Alexandra Rosset (who in 1832 married Russian diplomat Nikolai Smirnov), was an elitist Saint Petersburg salon hostess and a friend of Alexander Pushkin, Vasily Zhukovsky, Pyotr Vyazemsky, Nikolai Gogol and Mikhail Lermontov. She is best remembered for her memoirs, unusually frank, occasionally caustic, and, as it was argued decades later, not necessarily accurate. ## Murder of Nikolai Volkov On the evening of 27 March 2017, approximately at 10:30pm Nikolai Volkov, the head of construction department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, was found dead in Moscow on the Osennaya Street with gunshot wounds discovered on his body. “Interfax” quoted the source in law enforcement agencies claiming that the body found belonged to Nikolai Volkov. According to the investigative committee of Russia, the assault was exclusively aimed at the purpose of robbery. ## Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy (1828–1900) was a Privy Counsellor and Chamberlain of the Russian Imperial Court. A relative of the Decembrist Prince Sergei Petrovich Troubetzkoy, he served as the President of the Moscow branch of the Russian Musical Society. For many years, he was a close aide of the composer Nikolai Rubinstein. ## Divisional court (England and Wales) A divisional court, in relation to the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, means a court sitting with at least two judges. Matters heard by a divisional court include some criminal cases in the High Court (including appeals from magistrates' courts and in extradition proceedings) as well as certain judicial review cases. Although often referred to in practice as "the" Divisional Court, a divisional court is in fact not a separate court or division of the High Court but essentially refers to the number of judges sitting. Usually a divisional court sits with two judges but occasionally the bench comprises three judges (as it did in the recent appeal concerning disclosure of MPs' expenses, where the court comprised the President of the Queen's Bench Division, a Lord Justice of Appeal and a High Court Judge). Question: Which city discovered by Nikolai Yadrintsev means "city of the court"? Answer: ### Response: Ordu-Baliq

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Derrick Gardner (American football) Derrick A. Gardner (born March 10, 1977) is a former American football defensive back who played one season with the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the University of California, Berkeley and attended Skyline High School in Oakland, California. He was also a member of the Rhein Fire, San Francisco Demons and Los Angeles Avengers. ## Albrey Battle Albrey Battle (born October 21, 1976) is a former American football defensive lineman who played eight seasons in the Arena Football League with the San Jose SaberCats and Arizona Rattlers. He played college football at Arizona State University and attended Poway High School in Poway, California. He was also a member of the Tennessee Titans and San Francisco Demons. ## San Francisco Demons The San Francisco Demons (originally named San Jose Demons) were a short-lived springtime American football team based in San Francisco, California. This team was part of the failed XFL begun by Vince McMahon of World Wrestling Entertainment and by NBC, a major television network in the United States. Originally they were to be based in San Jose but prior to the start of the season they were moved to San Francisco. They were in the Western Division with the Los Angeles Xtreme, Las Vegas Outlaws and Memphis Maniax. ## Mike Adams (wide receiver) Michael Christopher Adams (born March 25,1974) is a former gridiron football wide receiver and return specialist from Grand Prairie (Dalworth),Texas, also the home of NFL Hall of Famer and former Redskin Charles Taylor. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League, but only played for one season. He later played for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League in 2000 and the defunct Xtreme Football League (XFL) San Francisco Demons in 2001. ## Travis Moore Travis Moore (born August 5, 1970) is a former professional Canadian football slotback and current receivers coach for the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League. As a player, Moore played 10 seasons for the Calgary Stampeders and the Saskatchewan Roughriders, winning two Grey Cup championships with the Stampeders in 1998 and 2001. He also played in the one and only XFL season as a Wide Receiver for the San Francisco Demons team that competed in the league's championship game. ## Arrington Jones Arrington Jones III (born February 16, 1959) is a former American football running back who played one season with the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the fifth round of the 1981 NFL Draft. He played college football at Winston-Salem State University and attended John Marshall High School in Richmond, Virginia. Jones was also a member of the Washington Federals of the United States Football League (USFL). He was a member of the San Francisco 49ers team that won Super Bowl XVI and has been a coach on several collegiate teams. ## Tom Mitchell (American football) Thomas Gordon ("Tom") Mitchell (August 22, 1944 – July 16, 2017) was a college and professional American football player. A 6'2", 219 lb . tight end from Bucknell University, Mitchell played one season (1966) for the American Football League's Oakland Raiders, and ten seasons (1968–1977) in the National Football League for the Baltimore Colts and the San Francisco 49ers. He was nicknamed "The Crocodile" and his pouring a pitcher of beer on the head of author George Plimpton is recounted in the book "Mad Ducks and Bears". He died of cancer at the age of 72 in 2017. ## James Hundon James Henry Hundon (born April 9, 1971) is a former American football wide receiver who played four seasons with the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League. He first enrolled at City College of San Francisco before transferring to Portland State University. He attended Jefferson High School in Daly City, California. Hundon was also a member of the San Jose SaberCats, San Francisco Demons, Toronto Argonauts and Calgary Stampeders. He was featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated following week one of the XFL season. ## XFL The XFL was a professional American football league which played one season in 2001. It was operated as a joint venture between the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now known as WWE) and NBC. The XFL was conceived as an outdoor football league that would take place during the NFL off-season, and promoted as having fewer rules and encouraging rougher play than other major leagues. The league had eight teams in two divisions, including major markets and those not directly served by the NFL, including Birmingham, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Memphis, and Orlando. The XFL operated as a single entity, with all teams centrally owned by the league. ## Los Angeles Xtreme The Los Angeles Xtreme was a professional American football team based in Los Angeles, California. The team was a member of the XFL begun by Vince McMahon of World Wrestling Entertainment and by NBC, a major television network in the United States. The team played its home games in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in the spring of 2001. They were in the XFL's Western Division with the San Francisco Demons, the Memphis Maniax and the Las Vegas Outlaws. The team had the league's best passing offense and was nicknamed "L.A.X." as a pun on the IATA code for Los Angeles International Airport. They finished the season in 1st place with a 7-3 record and defeated the Chicago Enforcers in the Playoffs and the San Francisco Demons in the Million Dollar Game with a score of 38-6 to win the league's sole Championship. Question: The San Francisco Demons were part of a failed professional American football league which played one season in what year? Answer:

2001

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Derrick Gardner (American football) Derrick A. Gardner (born March 10, 1977) is a former American football defensive back who played one season with the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the University of California, Berkeley and attended Skyline High School in Oakland, California. He was also a member of the Rhein Fire, San Francisco Demons and Los Angeles Avengers. ## Albrey Battle Albrey Battle (born October 21, 1976) is a former American football defensive lineman who played eight seasons in the Arena Football League with the San Jose SaberCats and Arizona Rattlers. He played college football at Arizona State University and attended Poway High School in Poway, California. He was also a member of the Tennessee Titans and San Francisco Demons. ## San Francisco Demons The San Francisco Demons (originally named San Jose Demons) were a short-lived springtime American football team based in San Francisco, California. This team was part of the failed XFL begun by Vince McMahon of World Wrestling Entertainment and by NBC, a major television network in the United States. Originally they were to be based in San Jose but prior to the start of the season they were moved to San Francisco. They were in the Western Division with the Los Angeles Xtreme, Las Vegas Outlaws and Memphis Maniax. ## Mike Adams (wide receiver) Michael Christopher Adams (born March 25,1974) is a former gridiron football wide receiver and return specialist from Grand Prairie (Dalworth),Texas, also the home of NFL Hall of Famer and former Redskin Charles Taylor. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League, but only played for one season. He later played for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League in 2000 and the defunct Xtreme Football League (XFL) San Francisco Demons in 2001. ## Travis Moore Travis Moore (born August 5, 1970) is a former professional Canadian football slotback and current receivers coach for the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League. As a player, Moore played 10 seasons for the Calgary Stampeders and the Saskatchewan Roughriders, winning two Grey Cup championships with the Stampeders in 1998 and 2001. He also played in the one and only XFL season as a Wide Receiver for the San Francisco Demons team that competed in the league's championship game. ## Arrington Jones Arrington Jones III (born February 16, 1959) is a former American football running back who played one season with the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the fifth round of the 1981 NFL Draft. He played college football at Winston-Salem State University and attended John Marshall High School in Richmond, Virginia. Jones was also a member of the Washington Federals of the United States Football League (USFL). He was a member of the San Francisco 49ers team that won Super Bowl XVI and has been a coach on several collegiate teams. ## Tom Mitchell (American football) Thomas Gordon ("Tom") Mitchell (August 22, 1944 – July 16, 2017) was a college and professional American football player. A 6'2", 219 lb . tight end from Bucknell University, Mitchell played one season (1966) for the American Football League's Oakland Raiders, and ten seasons (1968–1977) in the National Football League for the Baltimore Colts and the San Francisco 49ers. He was nicknamed "The Crocodile" and his pouring a pitcher of beer on the head of author George Plimpton is recounted in the book "Mad Ducks and Bears". He died of cancer at the age of 72 in 2017. ## James Hundon James Henry Hundon (born April 9, 1971) is a former American football wide receiver who played four seasons with the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League. He first enrolled at City College of San Francisco before transferring to Portland State University. He attended Jefferson High School in Daly City, California. Hundon was also a member of the San Jose SaberCats, San Francisco Demons, Toronto Argonauts and Calgary Stampeders. He was featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated following week one of the XFL season. ## XFL The XFL was a professional American football league which played one season in 2001. It was operated as a joint venture between the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now known as WWE) and NBC. The XFL was conceived as an outdoor football league that would take place during the NFL off-season, and promoted as having fewer rules and encouraging rougher play than other major leagues. The league had eight teams in two divisions, including major markets and those not directly served by the NFL, including Birmingham, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Memphis, and Orlando. The XFL operated as a single entity, with all teams centrally owned by the league. ## Los Angeles Xtreme The Los Angeles Xtreme was a professional American football team based in Los Angeles, California. The team was a member of the XFL begun by Vince McMahon of World Wrestling Entertainment and by NBC, a major television network in the United States. The team played its home games in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in the spring of 2001. They were in the XFL's Western Division with the San Francisco Demons, the Memphis Maniax and the Las Vegas Outlaws. The team had the league's best passing offense and was nicknamed "L.A.X." as a pun on the IATA code for Los Angeles International Airport. They finished the season in 1st place with a 7-3 record and defeated the Chicago Enforcers in the Playoffs and the San Francisco Demons in the Million Dollar Game with a score of 38-6 to win the league's sole Championship. Question: The San Francisco Demons were part of a failed professional American football league which played one season in what year? Answer: ### Response: 2001

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 15) Season fifteen of "Dancing with the Stars", called Dancing with the Stars: All-Stars, premiered on September 24, 2012. Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke Charvet returned as hosts. The Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers provided music throughout the season. The returning members of the dance troupe for this season were Oksana Dmyrenko, Emma Slater, Sharna Burgess, Henry Byalikov, and Sasha Farber. Sonny Fredie Pedersen replaced Kiki Nyemchek. ## Medical Practitioners Board of Victoria The Medical Practitioners Board of Victoria is a statutory authority that regulates the medical profession in the Australian state of Victoria. The operations of the Board are governed by the "Health Professions Registration Act 2005", which also governs authorities for other health professions in Victoria. This Act replaced the "Medical Practice Act 1994", which governed the Board until 1 July 2007. ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 17) Season seventeen of "Dancing with the Stars" premiered on September 16, 2013 and ended on November 26, 2013. Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke Charvet returned as hosts and Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, and Bruno Tonioli returned as judges. The Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers also returned to provide the music throughout the season (which turned out to be their last). This was also Brooke Burke-Charvet's last season as co-host. The cast was announced on September 4, 2013, during "Good Morning America". ## Secret Talents of the Stars Secret Talents of the Stars is an American interactive reality game show where celebrities competed against each other in a tournament-like format in areas that differed from their normal professions, like singing, dancing, and acrobatics. Viewers were to vote on the most talented celebrity. The show premiered on CBS on April 8, 2008, but was canceled the following day due to low ratings, making it one of the few series to be canceled after one episode. ## Erin Andrews Erin Jill Andrews (born May 4, 1978) is an American sportscaster and television personality. She hosts "Dancing with the Stars" for ABC and is a sideline reporter for Fox NFL. ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series) Dancing with the Stars is an American dance competition television series that premiered on June 1, 2005, on ABC. It is the US version of the UK series "Strictly Come Dancing". The show is hosted by Tom Bergeron, alongside Erin Andrews, who became co-host in season eighteen. Lisa Canning was co-host in the first season, Samantha Harris co-hosted seasons two through nine and Brooke Burke-Charvet in seasons ten through seventeen. On May 12, 2017, it was announced that the series has been renewed for season twenty six. ## Lacey Schwimmer Lacey Mae Schwimmer (born June 28, 1988) is an American ballroom dancer and singer. She is best known as a fourth place finalist of the third season of "So You Think You Can Dance". She is the daughter of noted dancer Buddy Schwimmer, as well as the cousin of Heidi Groskreutz, who placed fourth on the second season of "So You Think You Can Dance" and younger sister of Benji Schwimmer, the winner of the show's second season. She participated in the seventh season of "Dancing with the Stars" as a professional dancer paired with Lance Bass of 'N Sync, in the eighth season of the show paired with "Jackass" star Steve-O and in the ninth season paired with actor and Iron Chef America host Mark Dacascos. Schwimmer returned to "Dancing with the Stars" for its eleventh season and she was partnered with Disney Channel star Kyle Massey and in the 12th season, paired with radio host Mike Catherwood. In the thirteenth season, she was paired with transgender activist Chaz Bono. Schwimmer did not return for season 14 of "Dancing With The Stars'. ## Trogonoptera brookiana Rajah Brooke's birdwing ("Trogonoptera brookiana") is a birdwing butterfly from the rainforests of the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Natuna, Sumatra, and various small islands west of Sumatra (Banyak, Simeulue, Batu and Mentawai). The butterfly was named by the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1855, after James Brooke, the Rajah of Sarawak. The larval host plants are "Aristolochia acuminata" and "A. foveolata". Adults sip flower nectar from plants such as "Bauhinia". Rajah Brooke's birdwing is a protected species, listed under Appendix II of CITES, meaning that international export is restricted to those who have been granted a permit. It is the national butterfly of Malaysia. ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 18) Season eighteen of "Dancing with the Stars" premiered on March 17, 2014. Len Goodman, Carrie Ann Inaba and Bruno Tonioli returned as judges; Tom Bergeron returned as host while Erin Andrews replaced Brooke Burke-Charvet as co-host. Bandleader Ray Chew replaced the Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers. In addition, the skybox made a return to the show and the judges table returned to the left side of the ballroom. ## Brooke Burke Brooke Burke-Charvet (born September 8, 1971), better known by her maiden name, Brooke Burke, is an American actress, dancer, model, and television personality. She is known as a Playboy model, hosting Wild On!, "Rock Star" (2005–2006), winning the seventh season of "Dancing with the Stars", and for co-hosting "Dancing With the Stars" from 2010 to 2013. Question: What were the professions of the "Dancing With the Stars" host who replaced Brooke Burke-Charvet? Answer:

sportscaster and television personality

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 15) Season fifteen of "Dancing with the Stars", called Dancing with the Stars: All-Stars, premiered on September 24, 2012. Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke Charvet returned as hosts. The Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers provided music throughout the season. The returning members of the dance troupe for this season were Oksana Dmyrenko, Emma Slater, Sharna Burgess, Henry Byalikov, and Sasha Farber. Sonny Fredie Pedersen replaced Kiki Nyemchek. ## Medical Practitioners Board of Victoria The Medical Practitioners Board of Victoria is a statutory authority that regulates the medical profession in the Australian state of Victoria. The operations of the Board are governed by the "Health Professions Registration Act 2005", which also governs authorities for other health professions in Victoria. This Act replaced the "Medical Practice Act 1994", which governed the Board until 1 July 2007. ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 17) Season seventeen of "Dancing with the Stars" premiered on September 16, 2013 and ended on November 26, 2013. Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke Charvet returned as hosts and Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, and Bruno Tonioli returned as judges. The Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers also returned to provide the music throughout the season (which turned out to be their last). This was also Brooke Burke-Charvet's last season as co-host. The cast was announced on September 4, 2013, during "Good Morning America". ## Secret Talents of the Stars Secret Talents of the Stars is an American interactive reality game show where celebrities competed against each other in a tournament-like format in areas that differed from their normal professions, like singing, dancing, and acrobatics. Viewers were to vote on the most talented celebrity. The show premiered on CBS on April 8, 2008, but was canceled the following day due to low ratings, making it one of the few series to be canceled after one episode. ## Erin Andrews Erin Jill Andrews (born May 4, 1978) is an American sportscaster and television personality. She hosts "Dancing with the Stars" for ABC and is a sideline reporter for Fox NFL. ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series) Dancing with the Stars is an American dance competition television series that premiered on June 1, 2005, on ABC. It is the US version of the UK series "Strictly Come Dancing". The show is hosted by Tom Bergeron, alongside Erin Andrews, who became co-host in season eighteen. Lisa Canning was co-host in the first season, Samantha Harris co-hosted seasons two through nine and Brooke Burke-Charvet in seasons ten through seventeen. On May 12, 2017, it was announced that the series has been renewed for season twenty six. ## Lacey Schwimmer Lacey Mae Schwimmer (born June 28, 1988) is an American ballroom dancer and singer. She is best known as a fourth place finalist of the third season of "So You Think You Can Dance". She is the daughter of noted dancer Buddy Schwimmer, as well as the cousin of Heidi Groskreutz, who placed fourth on the second season of "So You Think You Can Dance" and younger sister of Benji Schwimmer, the winner of the show's second season. She participated in the seventh season of "Dancing with the Stars" as a professional dancer paired with Lance Bass of 'N Sync, in the eighth season of the show paired with "Jackass" star Steve-O and in the ninth season paired with actor and Iron Chef America host Mark Dacascos. Schwimmer returned to "Dancing with the Stars" for its eleventh season and she was partnered with Disney Channel star Kyle Massey and in the 12th season, paired with radio host Mike Catherwood. In the thirteenth season, she was paired with transgender activist Chaz Bono. Schwimmer did not return for season 14 of "Dancing With The Stars'. ## Trogonoptera brookiana Rajah Brooke's birdwing ("Trogonoptera brookiana") is a birdwing butterfly from the rainforests of the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Natuna, Sumatra, and various small islands west of Sumatra (Banyak, Simeulue, Batu and Mentawai). The butterfly was named by the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1855, after James Brooke, the Rajah of Sarawak. The larval host plants are "Aristolochia acuminata" and "A. foveolata". Adults sip flower nectar from plants such as "Bauhinia". Rajah Brooke's birdwing is a protected species, listed under Appendix II of CITES, meaning that international export is restricted to those who have been granted a permit. It is the national butterfly of Malaysia. ## Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 18) Season eighteen of "Dancing with the Stars" premiered on March 17, 2014. Len Goodman, Carrie Ann Inaba and Bruno Tonioli returned as judges; Tom Bergeron returned as host while Erin Andrews replaced Brooke Burke-Charvet as co-host. Bandleader Ray Chew replaced the Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers. In addition, the skybox made a return to the show and the judges table returned to the left side of the ballroom. ## Brooke Burke Brooke Burke-Charvet (born September 8, 1971), better known by her maiden name, Brooke Burke, is an American actress, dancer, model, and television personality. She is known as a Playboy model, hosting Wild On!, "Rock Star" (2005–2006), winning the seventh season of "Dancing with the Stars", and for co-hosting "Dancing With the Stars" from 2010 to 2013. Question: What were the professions of the "Dancing With the Stars" host who replaced Brooke Burke-Charvet? Answer: ### Response: sportscaster and television personality

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Plains Apache The Plains Apache are a small Southern Athabaskan group who traditionally live on the Southern Plains of North America, in close association with the linguistically unrelated Kiowa nation, and today are centered in Southwestern Oklahoma. The tribe is federally recognized as the Apache Tribe of Oklahoma. ## High Plains (United States) The High Plains are a subregion of the Great Plains mostly in the Western United States, but also partly in the Midwest states of Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota, generally encompassing the western part of the Great Plains before the region reaches the Rocky Mountains. The High Plains are located in southeastern Wyoming, southwestern South Dakota, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado, western Kansas, eastern New Mexico, western Oklahoma, and south of the Texas Panhandle. The southern region of the Western High Plains ecology region contains the geological formation known as Llano Estacado which can be seen from a short distance or from on satellite maps. From east to west, the High Plains rise in elevation from around 1160 ft to over 7800 ft . ## Seminole Nation of Oklahoma The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is a federally recognized Native American tribe based in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the largest of the three federally recognized Seminole governments, which include the Seminole Tribe of Florida and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida. Its members are descendants of the 3,000 Seminoles who were forcibly removed from Florida to Indian Territory, along with 800 Black Seminoles, after the Second Seminole War. The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is headquartered in Wewoka within Seminole County, Oklahoma. Of 18,800 enrolled tribal members, 13,533 live within the state of Oklahoma. The tribe began to revive its government in 1936 under the Indian Reorganization Act. While its reservation was originally larger, today the tribal jurisdictional area covers Seminole County, Oklahoma, within which it has a variety of properties. ## Osage Nation The Osage Nation ( ) ("Ni-u-kon-ska", "People of the Middle Waters") is a Midwestern Native American tribe of the Great Plains who historically dominated much of present-day Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Oklahoma. The tribe developed in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys around 700 BC along with other groups of its language family. They migrated west of the Mississippi after the 16th century due to wars with Iroquois invading the Ohio Valley from New York and Pennsylvania in a search for new hunting grounds. The nations separated at that time, and the Osage settled near the confluence of the Missouri and the Mississippi rivers. ## Hoh Indian Tribe of the Hoh Indian Reservation The Hoh or Chalá·at (′Those-Who-Live-on-the-Hoh River′ or ′People of the Hoh River′) are a Native American tribe in western Washington state in the United States. The tribe lives on the Pacific Coast of Washington on the Olympic Peninsula. The Hoh moved onto the Hoh Indian Reservation, at the mouth of the Hoh River, on the Pacific Coast of Jefferson County, after the signing of the Quinault Treaty on July 1, 1855. The reservation has a land area of 1.929 km2 and a 2000 census resident population of 102 persons, 81 of whom were Native Americans. It lies about half-way between its nearest outside communities of Forks, to its north, and Queets (on the Quinault Indian Reservation), to its south. ## Kiowa Kiowa ( ) people are a Native American tribe and an indigenous people of the Great Plains. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuries, and finally into the Southern Plains by the early 19th century. In 1867, the Kiowa were moved to a reservation in southwestern Oklahoma. ## Native American languages of Wyoming Wyoming, a state in the western United States that straddles the intersection of the Rocky Mountains and the Great Plains, had been a part of the traditional geographic expanse of various Native American tribes: the Shoshone, the Arapaho, the Cheyenne, and the Crow. During the era of Westward Expansion in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Crow were pushed north to Montana, where there was already a significant population of their tribe, and the Cheyenne were split between Montana and Oklahoma. Only the Shoshone and Arapaho remained in Wyoming, with some of both sent to the Wind River Indian Reservation, and others of both pushed to other western states and Oklahoma, respectively. As such, in total, there are two Native American languages currently spoken in Wyoming: Shoshone and Arapaho. ## David E. Williams David Williams (native name: Tos-que) (1933–1985) was a famous Native American painter of Kiowa-Tonkawa/Kiowa-Apache heritage from Oklahoma. He studied with Dick West at Bacone College and won numerous national awards for his paintings. He painted in the flat-style painting technique that was taught at Bacone from the 1940s-1960s. ## Blackbird (Omaha leader) Chief Blackbird (Wash-ing-guh Sah-ba) (ca. 1750 – 1800) was the leader of the Omaha Native American Indian tribe who commanded the trade routes used by Spanish, French, British and later American traders until the late 18th century. He was one of the first of the Plains Indian chiefs to trade with white explorers and also believed to be the first of the Plains Indian chiefs to openly question white encroachment. Blackbird used trade as a means to prosperity for his people and as a way to ensure white explorers were aware that they were the guests. The Omaha were not warlike people, yet they were the first on the Great Plains to have mastered equestrianism around 1770 and were at one point, while Chief Blackbird was alive, the most powerful Indian tribe in the Great Plains. ## Shaumonekusse Chief Shaumonekusse (Chonmonicase, Letan, L'Letan, "Prairie Wolf") (ca. 1785–1837) was a leader of the Otoe Native American tribe in the early 19th century. The Otoe was a Great Plains tribe, closely related to the Ioway and Missouria. Question: Which Native American tribe from the Great Plains that was moved to a reservation in southwestern Oklahoma was David E. Williams a member of? Answer:

Kiowa

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Plains Apache The Plains Apache are a small Southern Athabaskan group who traditionally live on the Southern Plains of North America, in close association with the linguistically unrelated Kiowa nation, and today are centered in Southwestern Oklahoma. The tribe is federally recognized as the Apache Tribe of Oklahoma. ## High Plains (United States) The High Plains are a subregion of the Great Plains mostly in the Western United States, but also partly in the Midwest states of Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota, generally encompassing the western part of the Great Plains before the region reaches the Rocky Mountains. The High Plains are located in southeastern Wyoming, southwestern South Dakota, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado, western Kansas, eastern New Mexico, western Oklahoma, and south of the Texas Panhandle. The southern region of the Western High Plains ecology region contains the geological formation known as Llano Estacado which can be seen from a short distance or from on satellite maps. From east to west, the High Plains rise in elevation from around 1160 ft to over 7800 ft . ## Seminole Nation of Oklahoma The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is a federally recognized Native American tribe based in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the largest of the three federally recognized Seminole governments, which include the Seminole Tribe of Florida and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida. Its members are descendants of the 3,000 Seminoles who were forcibly removed from Florida to Indian Territory, along with 800 Black Seminoles, after the Second Seminole War. The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is headquartered in Wewoka within Seminole County, Oklahoma. Of 18,800 enrolled tribal members, 13,533 live within the state of Oklahoma. The tribe began to revive its government in 1936 under the Indian Reorganization Act. While its reservation was originally larger, today the tribal jurisdictional area covers Seminole County, Oklahoma, within which it has a variety of properties. ## Osage Nation The Osage Nation ( ) ("Ni-u-kon-ska", "People of the Middle Waters") is a Midwestern Native American tribe of the Great Plains who historically dominated much of present-day Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and Oklahoma. The tribe developed in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys around 700 BC along with other groups of its language family. They migrated west of the Mississippi after the 16th century due to wars with Iroquois invading the Ohio Valley from New York and Pennsylvania in a search for new hunting grounds. The nations separated at that time, and the Osage settled near the confluence of the Missouri and the Mississippi rivers. ## Hoh Indian Tribe of the Hoh Indian Reservation The Hoh or Chalá·at (′Those-Who-Live-on-the-Hoh River′ or ′People of the Hoh River′) are a Native American tribe in western Washington state in the United States. The tribe lives on the Pacific Coast of Washington on the Olympic Peninsula. The Hoh moved onto the Hoh Indian Reservation, at the mouth of the Hoh River, on the Pacific Coast of Jefferson County, after the signing of the Quinault Treaty on July 1, 1855. The reservation has a land area of 1.929 km2 and a 2000 census resident population of 102 persons, 81 of whom were Native Americans. It lies about half-way between its nearest outside communities of Forks, to its north, and Queets (on the Quinault Indian Reservation), to its south. ## Kiowa Kiowa ( ) people are a Native American tribe and an indigenous people of the Great Plains. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuries, and finally into the Southern Plains by the early 19th century. In 1867, the Kiowa were moved to a reservation in southwestern Oklahoma. ## Native American languages of Wyoming Wyoming, a state in the western United States that straddles the intersection of the Rocky Mountains and the Great Plains, had been a part of the traditional geographic expanse of various Native American tribes: the Shoshone, the Arapaho, the Cheyenne, and the Crow. During the era of Westward Expansion in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Crow were pushed north to Montana, where there was already a significant population of their tribe, and the Cheyenne were split between Montana and Oklahoma. Only the Shoshone and Arapaho remained in Wyoming, with some of both sent to the Wind River Indian Reservation, and others of both pushed to other western states and Oklahoma, respectively. As such, in total, there are two Native American languages currently spoken in Wyoming: Shoshone and Arapaho. ## David E. Williams David Williams (native name: Tos-que) (1933–1985) was a famous Native American painter of Kiowa-Tonkawa/Kiowa-Apache heritage from Oklahoma. He studied with Dick West at Bacone College and won numerous national awards for his paintings. He painted in the flat-style painting technique that was taught at Bacone from the 1940s-1960s. ## Blackbird (Omaha leader) Chief Blackbird (Wash-ing-guh Sah-ba) (ca. 1750 – 1800) was the leader of the Omaha Native American Indian tribe who commanded the trade routes used by Spanish, French, British and later American traders until the late 18th century. He was one of the first of the Plains Indian chiefs to trade with white explorers and also believed to be the first of the Plains Indian chiefs to openly question white encroachment. Blackbird used trade as a means to prosperity for his people and as a way to ensure white explorers were aware that they were the guests. The Omaha were not warlike people, yet they were the first on the Great Plains to have mastered equestrianism around 1770 and were at one point, while Chief Blackbird was alive, the most powerful Indian tribe in the Great Plains. ## Shaumonekusse Chief Shaumonekusse (Chonmonicase, Letan, L'Letan, "Prairie Wolf") (ca. 1785–1837) was a leader of the Otoe Native American tribe in the early 19th century. The Otoe was a Great Plains tribe, closely related to the Ioway and Missouria. Question: Which Native American tribe from the Great Plains that was moved to a reservation in southwestern Oklahoma was David E. Williams a member of? Answer: ### Response: Kiowa

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Marathon The marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 miles, or 26 miles 385 yards), usually run as a road race. The event was instituted in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory. ## Berlin Turnpike The Berlin Turnpike is a 4-lane/6-lane divided arterial road carrying U.S. Route 5 and Route 15 through the towns of Meriden, Berlin, Newington, and Wethersfield, Connecticut, United States. The road begins south of the Meriden-Berlin town line. The official length of the Berlin Turnpike is 12.17 miles (19.58 km) but the northernmost 1.07 miles (1.72 km) does not carry US 5 or Route 15. The northernmost section runs partly along Route 314 for 0.69 mi , and then on State Road 543 for 0.38 mi to the Hartford–Wethersfield town line, where it continues as a local road known as Maple Avenue. ## John Muir Trail The John Muir Trail (JMT) is a long-distance trail in the Sierra Nevada mountain range of California, passing through Yosemite, Kings Canyon and Sequoia National Parks. From the northern terminus at Happy Isles in Yosemite Valley ( ) and the southern terminus located on the summit of Mount Whitney ( ), the Trail's official length is 210.4 mi , with an elevation gain of approximately 47000 ft . For almost all of its length, the trail is in the High Sierra backcountry and wilderness areas. For about 160 mi , the trail, named for naturalist John Muir, follows the same footpath as the longer Pacific Crest Trail. ## Change the Beat "Change the Beat" is a song written and recorded by Fab Five Freddy, and one of the most sampled songs in music history. It was recorded at Martin Bisi's OAO Studio in Brooklyn, New York, United States, (later, BC Studio) and released as a 12" single on the Celluloid label in 1982. This release and all subsequent pressings of the single feature two versions of the song, one on Side A and one on Side B. The official length of the tracks varies depending on the specific pressing of the single, with some releases mislabeling the running times entirely. The Side A version is 7:40 minutes in length and features Fab Five Freddy rapping in both English and French. He also performs the chorus of the song, utilizing a vocoder with a white noise carrier to achieve a gritty, robotic effect. The version of the song that appears on Side B is considerably shorter than the A-Side track, clocking in at 3:42. Aside from the chorus, which, like the Side A, was performed by Fab Five Freddy through the vocoder, the lead vocals are performed by female rapper Beside and rapped entirely in French, making this single one of the first multilingual hip-hop releases. Beside was credited as 'Fab 5 Betty' on the earliest pressings of the vinyl. ## Theodore Solomons Trail The Theodore Solomons Trail is a long-distance trail in the Sierra Nevada mountain range of California, passing through Yosemite, Kings Canyon and Sequoia National Parks, and the Sierra National Forest. From the northern terminus at Glacier Point in Yosemite and the southern terminus located at Horseshoe Meadow, the trail's official length is 271.3 mi . For almost all of its length, the trail is in the Middle Sierra backcountry and wilderness areas. ## Dolf Jansen Dolf Jansen (born 25 June 1963 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch comedian, presenter of the Radio 2 program "Spijkers met Koppen" and an active Marathon runner. On television Jansen presented "Loods 6" (1991), "Kunstbende" (1992), "Jansen slaat door" (TROS) (1993) and "Jansen op jacht" (2007). ## U.S. Route 212 in Minnesota Within the U.S. state of Minnesota, U.S. Highway 212 (U.S. 212) travels from the South Dakota state line in the west, crossing the southwestern part of the state, to the Minneapolis – Saint Paul metropolitan area in the east, ending at its interchange with U.S. 169 and State Highway 62 in the Minneapolis suburb of Edina. U.S. 212 in Minnesota has an official length of 161.8 mi . It is an urban freeway within the Minneapolis – Saint Paul area, and is mostly a two-lane rural road elsewhere in the state. ## Tour de Georgia The Tour de Georgia was a U.S. professional cycling stage race across the state of Georgia. The race began in 2003 and was contested six times until 2008. It was one of the three events in North America ranked as Hors Classe (2.HC) stage race events by the UCI, which is cycling's international governing body, along with the Tour of Missouri and the Tour of California. The event was cancelled in 2009 and 2010, and despite its backers aiming for the race to be held again in 2011, it has not been held since. ## Douglas Channel Douglas Channel is one of the principal inlets of the British Columbia Coast. Its official length from the head of Kitimat Arm, where the aluminum smelter town of Kitimat to Wright Sound, on the Inside Passage ferry route, is 90 km (56 mi). The actual length of the fjord's waterway includes waters between there and the open waters of the Hecate Strait outside the coastal archipelago, comprising another 60 km (37 mi) for 140 km (87 mi) in total. ## Trans-Catalina Trail The Trans-Catalina Trail is a long-distance trail which traverses Santa Catalina Island off the coast of southern California. From the eastern terminus at Renton Mine Road near Avalon to the western terminus located at Starlight Beach, the trail's official length is listed as 37.2 mi . However, both terminuses are several miles from the closest ferry terminal, so hikers intending to walk every step of the trail will most likely end up walking 51.4 mi . Camping is allowed by permit from the Catalina Island Conservancy. There are five campgrounds along or near the trail: Hermit Gulch, Black Jack, Little Harbor, Two Harbors, and Parsons Landing. Question: Dolf Jansen is a runner in the race events that have what official length? Answer:

42.195 kilometres

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Marathon The marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 miles, or 26 miles 385 yards), usually run as a road race. The event was instituted in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory. ## Berlin Turnpike The Berlin Turnpike is a 4-lane/6-lane divided arterial road carrying U.S. Route 5 and Route 15 through the towns of Meriden, Berlin, Newington, and Wethersfield, Connecticut, United States. The road begins south of the Meriden-Berlin town line. The official length of the Berlin Turnpike is 12.17 miles (19.58 km) but the northernmost 1.07 miles (1.72 km) does not carry US 5 or Route 15. The northernmost section runs partly along Route 314 for 0.69 mi , and then on State Road 543 for 0.38 mi to the Hartford–Wethersfield town line, where it continues as a local road known as Maple Avenue. ## John Muir Trail The John Muir Trail (JMT) is a long-distance trail in the Sierra Nevada mountain range of California, passing through Yosemite, Kings Canyon and Sequoia National Parks. From the northern terminus at Happy Isles in Yosemite Valley ( ) and the southern terminus located on the summit of Mount Whitney ( ), the Trail's official length is 210.4 mi , with an elevation gain of approximately 47000 ft . For almost all of its length, the trail is in the High Sierra backcountry and wilderness areas. For about 160 mi , the trail, named for naturalist John Muir, follows the same footpath as the longer Pacific Crest Trail. ## Change the Beat "Change the Beat" is a song written and recorded by Fab Five Freddy, and one of the most sampled songs in music history. It was recorded at Martin Bisi's OAO Studio in Brooklyn, New York, United States, (later, BC Studio) and released as a 12" single on the Celluloid label in 1982. This release and all subsequent pressings of the single feature two versions of the song, one on Side A and one on Side B. The official length of the tracks varies depending on the specific pressing of the single, with some releases mislabeling the running times entirely. The Side A version is 7:40 minutes in length and features Fab Five Freddy rapping in both English and French. He also performs the chorus of the song, utilizing a vocoder with a white noise carrier to achieve a gritty, robotic effect. The version of the song that appears on Side B is considerably shorter than the A-Side track, clocking in at 3:42. Aside from the chorus, which, like the Side A, was performed by Fab Five Freddy through the vocoder, the lead vocals are performed by female rapper Beside and rapped entirely in French, making this single one of the first multilingual hip-hop releases. Beside was credited as 'Fab 5 Betty' on the earliest pressings of the vinyl. ## Theodore Solomons Trail The Theodore Solomons Trail is a long-distance trail in the Sierra Nevada mountain range of California, passing through Yosemite, Kings Canyon and Sequoia National Parks, and the Sierra National Forest. From the northern terminus at Glacier Point in Yosemite and the southern terminus located at Horseshoe Meadow, the trail's official length is 271.3 mi . For almost all of its length, the trail is in the Middle Sierra backcountry and wilderness areas. ## Dolf Jansen Dolf Jansen (born 25 June 1963 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch comedian, presenter of the Radio 2 program "Spijkers met Koppen" and an active Marathon runner. On television Jansen presented "Loods 6" (1991), "Kunstbende" (1992), "Jansen slaat door" (TROS) (1993) and "Jansen op jacht" (2007). ## U.S. Route 212 in Minnesota Within the U.S. state of Minnesota, U.S. Highway 212 (U.S. 212) travels from the South Dakota state line in the west, crossing the southwestern part of the state, to the Minneapolis – Saint Paul metropolitan area in the east, ending at its interchange with U.S. 169 and State Highway 62 in the Minneapolis suburb of Edina. U.S. 212 in Minnesota has an official length of 161.8 mi . It is an urban freeway within the Minneapolis – Saint Paul area, and is mostly a two-lane rural road elsewhere in the state. ## Tour de Georgia The Tour de Georgia was a U.S. professional cycling stage race across the state of Georgia. The race began in 2003 and was contested six times until 2008. It was one of the three events in North America ranked as Hors Classe (2.HC) stage race events by the UCI, which is cycling's international governing body, along with the Tour of Missouri and the Tour of California. The event was cancelled in 2009 and 2010, and despite its backers aiming for the race to be held again in 2011, it has not been held since. ## Douglas Channel Douglas Channel is one of the principal inlets of the British Columbia Coast. Its official length from the head of Kitimat Arm, where the aluminum smelter town of Kitimat to Wright Sound, on the Inside Passage ferry route, is 90 km (56 mi). The actual length of the fjord's waterway includes waters between there and the open waters of the Hecate Strait outside the coastal archipelago, comprising another 60 km (37 mi) for 140 km (87 mi) in total. ## Trans-Catalina Trail The Trans-Catalina Trail is a long-distance trail which traverses Santa Catalina Island off the coast of southern California. From the eastern terminus at Renton Mine Road near Avalon to the western terminus located at Starlight Beach, the trail's official length is listed as 37.2 mi . However, both terminuses are several miles from the closest ferry terminal, so hikers intending to walk every step of the trail will most likely end up walking 51.4 mi . Camping is allowed by permit from the Catalina Island Conservancy. There are five campgrounds along or near the trail: Hermit Gulch, Black Jack, Little Harbor, Two Harbors, and Parsons Landing. Question: Dolf Jansen is a runner in the race events that have what official length? Answer: ### Response: 42.195 kilometres

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Heartburn (film) Heartburn is a 1986 American comedy-drama film directed and produced by Mike Nichols, starring Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson, and is also Kevin Spacey's film debut. The song, "Coming Around Again", was performed and written by Carly Simon and became one of the "Billboard" hits, reaching #18 on the Hot 100 and #5 on the Adult Contemporary chart. ## Plenty (film) Plenty is a 1985 British drama film directed by Fred Schepisi and starring Meryl Streep. It was adapted from David Hare's play of the same name. ## The Hours (film) The Hours is a 2002 British-U.S. drama film directed by Stephen Daldry, and starring Meryl Streep, Julianne Moore and Nicole Kidman. Supporting roles are played by Ed Harris, John C. Reilly, Stephen Dillane, Jeff Daniels, Miranda Richardson, Allison Janney, Toni Collette, Claire Danes and Eileen Atkins. The screenplay by David Hare is based on Michael Cunningham's 1999 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same title. ## Hope Springs (2012 film) Hope Springs is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama directed by David Frankel, written by Vanessa Taylor and starring Meryl Streep, Tommy Lee Jones and Steve Carell. The film was released on August 8, 2012. It received generally positive reviews and the cast was praised for their performances. It was nominated for a Golden Globe, and won a People's Choice Award. ## La Mission (film) La Mission is a 2009 drama film starring Benjamin Bratt and Jeremy Ray Valdez. It is written and directed by Peter Bratt (Benjamin's brother). The film has been shown at the Sundance Film Festival, San Francisco International Film Festival and the Palm Springs International Film Festival. ## Julie &amp; Julia Julie & Julia is a 2009 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Nora Ephron starring Meryl Streep, Amy Adams, Stanley Tucci, and Chris Messina. The film contrasts the life of chef Julia Child in the early years of her culinary career with the life of young New Yorker Julie Powell, who aspires to cook all 524 recipes in Child's cookbook in 365 days, a challenge she described on that made her a published author. ## Meryl Streep in the 2000s Meryl Streep throughout the 2000s appeared in many cinematic and theatrical productions. In 2001, Streep’s voice appeared in the animated film A.I. Artificial Intelligence. Streep that same year cohosted the annual Nobel Peace Prize concert as well as appeared in the popular play The Seagull. In 2002, Streep appeared in the films Adaptation and The Hours. In 2003, Streep appeared unaccredited in the comedy Stuck on You and starred in the HBO play adaptation Angels in America. In 2004, Streep was awarded the AFI Life Achievement Award and in that same year starred in the films The Manchurian Candidate and Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events. In 2005, Streep starred in the film Prime. Streep began 2006 with the film A Prairie Home Companion and that same year starred in The Devil Wears Prada and the stage production Mother Courage and Her Children. In 2007, Streep appeared in the films Dark Matter, Rendition, Evening, and Lions for Lambs. In 2008, Streep starred in the films Mamma Mia! and Doubt. In 2009, Streep starred in Julie & Julia and It’s Complicated as well as loaning her voice to the animated film Fantastic Mr. Fox. ## Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon is a parlour game based on the "six degrees of separation" concept, which posits that any two people on Earth are six or fewer acquaintance links apart. Movie buffs challenge each other to find the shortest path between an arbitrary actor and prolific character actor Kevin Bacon. It rests on the assumption that anyone involved in the Hollywood film industry can be linked through their film roles to Bacon within six steps. The game requires a group of players to try to connect any such individual to Kevin Bacon as quickly as possible and in as few links as possible. In 2007, Bacon started a charitable organization called SixDegrees.org. ## The River Wild The River Wild is a 1994 American adventure crime-thriller film directed by Curtis Hanson and starring Meryl Streep, Kevin Bacon, David Strathairn, John C. Reilly, Benjamin Bratt, and Joseph Mazzello as Roarke. The film is about a family on a whitewater rafting trip who encounter two violent criminals in the wilderness. ## Lawrence Turman Lawrence Turman (born November 28, 1926 in Los Angeles) is a film producer who currently serves as the director of The Peter Stark Producing Program at the University of Southern California. He was nominated for an Academy Award for "The Graduate" (1967). He has also produced such films such as "Pretty Poison" (1968), "The Great White Hope" (1970), "The Thing" (1982), "Mass Appeal" (1984), "Short Circuit" (1986), "The River Wild" (1994), and "American History X" (1998). Question: Lawrence Turman produced a film starring Meryl Streep, Kevin Bacon, and Benjamin Bratt that was released in what year? Answer:

1994

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Heartburn (film) Heartburn is a 1986 American comedy-drama film directed and produced by Mike Nichols, starring Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson, and is also Kevin Spacey's film debut. The song, "Coming Around Again", was performed and written by Carly Simon and became one of the "Billboard" hits, reaching #18 on the Hot 100 and #5 on the Adult Contemporary chart. ## Plenty (film) Plenty is a 1985 British drama film directed by Fred Schepisi and starring Meryl Streep. It was adapted from David Hare's play of the same name. ## The Hours (film) The Hours is a 2002 British-U.S. drama film directed by Stephen Daldry, and starring Meryl Streep, Julianne Moore and Nicole Kidman. Supporting roles are played by Ed Harris, John C. Reilly, Stephen Dillane, Jeff Daniels, Miranda Richardson, Allison Janney, Toni Collette, Claire Danes and Eileen Atkins. The screenplay by David Hare is based on Michael Cunningham's 1999 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same title. ## Hope Springs (2012 film) Hope Springs is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama directed by David Frankel, written by Vanessa Taylor and starring Meryl Streep, Tommy Lee Jones and Steve Carell. The film was released on August 8, 2012. It received generally positive reviews and the cast was praised for their performances. It was nominated for a Golden Globe, and won a People's Choice Award. ## La Mission (film) La Mission is a 2009 drama film starring Benjamin Bratt and Jeremy Ray Valdez. It is written and directed by Peter Bratt (Benjamin's brother). The film has been shown at the Sundance Film Festival, San Francisco International Film Festival and the Palm Springs International Film Festival. ## Julie &amp; Julia Julie & Julia is a 2009 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Nora Ephron starring Meryl Streep, Amy Adams, Stanley Tucci, and Chris Messina. The film contrasts the life of chef Julia Child in the early years of her culinary career with the life of young New Yorker Julie Powell, who aspires to cook all 524 recipes in Child's cookbook in 365 days, a challenge she described on that made her a published author. ## Meryl Streep in the 2000s Meryl Streep throughout the 2000s appeared in many cinematic and theatrical productions. In 2001, Streep’s voice appeared in the animated film A.I. Artificial Intelligence. Streep that same year cohosted the annual Nobel Peace Prize concert as well as appeared in the popular play The Seagull. In 2002, Streep appeared in the films Adaptation and The Hours. In 2003, Streep appeared unaccredited in the comedy Stuck on You and starred in the HBO play adaptation Angels in America. In 2004, Streep was awarded the AFI Life Achievement Award and in that same year starred in the films The Manchurian Candidate and Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events. In 2005, Streep starred in the film Prime. Streep began 2006 with the film A Prairie Home Companion and that same year starred in The Devil Wears Prada and the stage production Mother Courage and Her Children. In 2007, Streep appeared in the films Dark Matter, Rendition, Evening, and Lions for Lambs. In 2008, Streep starred in the films Mamma Mia! and Doubt. In 2009, Streep starred in Julie & Julia and It’s Complicated as well as loaning her voice to the animated film Fantastic Mr. Fox. ## Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon is a parlour game based on the "six degrees of separation" concept, which posits that any two people on Earth are six or fewer acquaintance links apart. Movie buffs challenge each other to find the shortest path between an arbitrary actor and prolific character actor Kevin Bacon. It rests on the assumption that anyone involved in the Hollywood film industry can be linked through their film roles to Bacon within six steps. The game requires a group of players to try to connect any such individual to Kevin Bacon as quickly as possible and in as few links as possible. In 2007, Bacon started a charitable organization called SixDegrees.org. ## The River Wild The River Wild is a 1994 American adventure crime-thriller film directed by Curtis Hanson and starring Meryl Streep, Kevin Bacon, David Strathairn, John C. Reilly, Benjamin Bratt, and Joseph Mazzello as Roarke. The film is about a family on a whitewater rafting trip who encounter two violent criminals in the wilderness. ## Lawrence Turman Lawrence Turman (born November 28, 1926 in Los Angeles) is a film producer who currently serves as the director of The Peter Stark Producing Program at the University of Southern California. He was nominated for an Academy Award for "The Graduate" (1967). He has also produced such films such as "Pretty Poison" (1968), "The Great White Hope" (1970), "The Thing" (1982), "Mass Appeal" (1984), "Short Circuit" (1986), "The River Wild" (1994), and "American History X" (1998). Question: Lawrence Turman produced a film starring Meryl Streep, Kevin Bacon, and Benjamin Bratt that was released in what year? Answer: ### Response: 1994

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Far Cry Instincts Far Cry Instincts is a first-person shooter video game developed and published by Ubisoft for Xbox. A remake of the original Microsoft Windows version of "Far Cry", "Instincts " is less open-ended and more linear, due to the console's reduced processing power which prevents the full rendering of the Microsoft Windows version's vast islands and landscape. However, "Instincts" added new multiplayer modes, weapons, and feral abilities, the latter being reflected in the modified storyline. A port of the game was also planned for the PlayStation 2, but was ultimately canceled. ## Far Cry 3: Blood Dragon Far Cry 3: Blood Dragon is a 2013 first-person shooter video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It is a stand-alone expansion to the 2012 video game "Far Cry 3" and the eighth overall installment in the "Far Cry" franchise. The game, a parody of 1980s action films and video games, takes place on a retro-futuristic open world island with players assuming the action role of the military cyborg Sergeant Rex "Power" Colt. ## CryEngine CryEngine is a game engine designed by the German game developer Crytek. It has been used in all of their titles with the initial version being used in "Far Cry", and continues to be updated to support new consoles and hardware for their games. It has also been used for many third-party games under Crytek's licensing scheme, including "" and "SNOW". Warhorse Studios uses a modified version of the engine for medieval RPG "". Ubisoft maintains an in-house, heavily modified version of CryEngine from the original "Far Cry" called the Dunia Engine, which is used in their later iterations of the "Far Cry" series. ## Crytek Crytek GmbH is a German video game and software developer, based in Frankfurt, Germany. Founded by Turkish German brothers Cevat, Avni and Faruk Yerli in Coburg in September 1999 and moved to Frankfurt in 2006, Crytek also operates further studios in Kiev and Istanbul. ## Far Cry 5 Far Cry 5 is an upcoming first-person shooter action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. It is the eleventh installment and the fifth main title in the "Far Cry" series. It is scheduled to be released on February 27, 2018. ## Far Cry 2 Far Cry 2 is an open world first-person shooter developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360 in October 2008. It is the second installment of the main "Far Cry" series, preceded by 2004's "Far Cry" and followed by 2012's "Far Cry 3". ## Far Cry (video game) Far Cry is a first-person shooter video game developed by Crytek and published by Ubisoft. The game was released for Microsoft Windows on March 23, 2004. It is the first installment in the "Far Cry" series, followed by 2008's "Far Cry 2". ## Far Cry Primal Far Cry Primal is an action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It was released worldwide for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on February 23, 2016 and for Microsoft Windows on March 1, 2016. The game is a spiritual predecessor to the main "Far Cry" series. It is the first Far Cry game set in the Mesolithic Age. It revolves around the story of Takkar, who starts off as an unarmed hunter and rises to become the leader of a tribe. ## Far Cry Far Cry is a franchise of first-person shooter video games, all which have been published by Ubisoft. The first game, "Far Cry", was developed by Crytek to premiere their new CryEngine software, and released in March 2004. Subsequently, Ubisoft obtained the full rights to the franchise and the bulk of the development is handled by Ubisoft Montreal with assistance from other Ubisoft satellite studios. The following games in the series have used a Ubisoft-modified version of the CryEngine, the Dunia Engine, allowing for open world gameplay. To date, there have been four main games in the series, with a fifth one announced for a 2018 release, along with two standalone expansions; the first game, initially developed for Microsoft Windows, also saw a number of ports to video game consoles. ## Far Cry 4 Far Cry 4 is an action-adventure first-person shooter video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. It is the successor to the 2012 video game "Far Cry 3", and the fourth main installment in the "Far Cry" series. The game was released on November 18, 2014. Question: Where is the company that developed Far Cry based? Answer:

Frankfurt, Germany.

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Far Cry Instincts Far Cry Instincts is a first-person shooter video game developed and published by Ubisoft for Xbox. A remake of the original Microsoft Windows version of "Far Cry", "Instincts " is less open-ended and more linear, due to the console's reduced processing power which prevents the full rendering of the Microsoft Windows version's vast islands and landscape. However, "Instincts" added new multiplayer modes, weapons, and feral abilities, the latter being reflected in the modified storyline. A port of the game was also planned for the PlayStation 2, but was ultimately canceled. ## Far Cry 3: Blood Dragon Far Cry 3: Blood Dragon is a 2013 first-person shooter video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It is a stand-alone expansion to the 2012 video game "Far Cry 3" and the eighth overall installment in the "Far Cry" franchise. The game, a parody of 1980s action films and video games, takes place on a retro-futuristic open world island with players assuming the action role of the military cyborg Sergeant Rex "Power" Colt. ## CryEngine CryEngine is a game engine designed by the German game developer Crytek. It has been used in all of their titles with the initial version being used in "Far Cry", and continues to be updated to support new consoles and hardware for their games. It has also been used for many third-party games under Crytek's licensing scheme, including "" and "SNOW". Warhorse Studios uses a modified version of the engine for medieval RPG "". Ubisoft maintains an in-house, heavily modified version of CryEngine from the original "Far Cry" called the Dunia Engine, which is used in their later iterations of the "Far Cry" series. ## Crytek Crytek GmbH is a German video game and software developer, based in Frankfurt, Germany. Founded by Turkish German brothers Cevat, Avni and Faruk Yerli in Coburg in September 1999 and moved to Frankfurt in 2006, Crytek also operates further studios in Kiev and Istanbul. ## Far Cry 5 Far Cry 5 is an upcoming first-person shooter action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. It is the eleventh installment and the fifth main title in the "Far Cry" series. It is scheduled to be released on February 27, 2018. ## Far Cry 2 Far Cry 2 is an open world first-person shooter developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360 in October 2008. It is the second installment of the main "Far Cry" series, preceded by 2004's "Far Cry" and followed by 2012's "Far Cry 3". ## Far Cry (video game) Far Cry is a first-person shooter video game developed by Crytek and published by Ubisoft. The game was released for Microsoft Windows on March 23, 2004. It is the first installment in the "Far Cry" series, followed by 2008's "Far Cry 2". ## Far Cry Primal Far Cry Primal is an action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It was released worldwide for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on February 23, 2016 and for Microsoft Windows on March 1, 2016. The game is a spiritual predecessor to the main "Far Cry" series. It is the first Far Cry game set in the Mesolithic Age. It revolves around the story of Takkar, who starts off as an unarmed hunter and rises to become the leader of a tribe. ## Far Cry Far Cry is a franchise of first-person shooter video games, all which have been published by Ubisoft. The first game, "Far Cry", was developed by Crytek to premiere their new CryEngine software, and released in March 2004. Subsequently, Ubisoft obtained the full rights to the franchise and the bulk of the development is handled by Ubisoft Montreal with assistance from other Ubisoft satellite studios. The following games in the series have used a Ubisoft-modified version of the CryEngine, the Dunia Engine, allowing for open world gameplay. To date, there have been four main games in the series, with a fifth one announced for a 2018 release, along with two standalone expansions; the first game, initially developed for Microsoft Windows, also saw a number of ports to video game consoles. ## Far Cry 4 Far Cry 4 is an action-adventure first-person shooter video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. It is the successor to the 2012 video game "Far Cry 3", and the fourth main installment in the "Far Cry" series. The game was released on November 18, 2014. Question: Where is the company that developed Far Cry based? Answer: ### Response: Frankfurt, Germany.

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Sibley Memorial Hospital Sibley Memorial Hospital is a non-profit hospital located in The Palisades neighborhood of Washington D.C. It is fully accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, and is licensed by the District of Columbia Department of Health and Human Services. The hospital specializes in surgery, orthopedics, and oncology services. It has been part of Johns Hopkins Medicine since 2010. ## George Washington University Hospital The George Washington University Hospital is located in Washington, D.C. in the United States. It is affiliated with the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences. The current facility opened on August 23, 2002, with 371 beds in a 400,000 sq. ft. building, housing more than $45 million of medical equipment and costing over $96 million to construct. The hospital is licensed by the District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs and accredited by the U.S. Joint Commission. ## Memorial Hospital (Chattanooga) Memorial Hospital is a hospital located in Chattanooga, Tennessee. It was officially opened on January 2, 1952. Memorial Hospital is a member of The American Hospital Association, The Tennessee Hospital Association, The Catholic Hospital Association, The Chattanooga Area Hospital Council, and The Chattanooga Area Safety Council. Memorial Hospital has grown tremendously since 1952. In 1952, Memorial Hospital had 200 beds. Today, the hospital has 365 hospital beds. It has nearly doubled in size over the 62 years since it opened. Memorial is a general hospital that has a wide variety of specialties. They have surgical, cardiac, interventional, cancer, orthopedic, and general care services. Memorial is known as a leader in Cardiology. Memorial is not a teaching hospital but they are a leader in new technology. ## Tomoaki Kato Tomoaki Kato, M.D., is a noted pioneer in multiple-organ transplantation, pediatric and adult liver transplantation. Kato is Surgical Director of Adult and Pediatric Liver and Intestinal Transplantation at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center and is a professor of surgery at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. Kato is also known for unique and innovative surgeries for adults and children, including a six-organ transplant; a procedure called APOLT (auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation) that resuscitates a failing liver by attaching a partial donor liver, making immunosuppressant drugs unnecessary; and the first successful human partial bladder transplantation involving the transplant of two kidneys together with ureters connected to a patch of the donor bladder. In a highly publicized case, he led the first reported removal and re-implantation, or auto-transplantation, of six organs to excise a hard-to-reach abdominal tumor. Previously the director of pediatric liver and gastrointestinal transplant and professor of clinical surgery at the University of Miami School of Medicine, Kato received his medical degree from the Osaka University Medical School in Japan and received his residency training in surgery at Osaka University Hospital and Itami City Hospital in Hyogo, Japan. He completed a clinical fellowship in transplantation at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, in Miami, Florida, where he was subsequently appointed to the surgical faculty in 1997, and promoted to full professor in 2007. He served as a surgeon and senior leader of the liver and transplantation center at Miami's Jackson Memorial Hospital, beginning in 1997, and at University of Miami Hospital (previously Cedars Medical Center), beginning in 2004. Kato is a member of numerous professional and honorary organizations, and the author or co-author of more than 180 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals. ## NewYork–Presbyterian/Queens New York–Presbyterian Hospital Queens, stylized as NewYork–Presbyterian/Queens (NYP/Q or NYP/Queens), is a not-for-profit acute care and teaching hospital in the Flushing neighborhood of Queens in New York City. Formerly operating as Booth Memorial Hospital and New York Hospital Queens (NYHQ), it is located on the northeast corner of Main Street and Booth Memorial Avenue. The NewYork–Presbyterian Healthcare System had assumed control of the Booth Memorial Hospital until 2015, when the NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital, headquartered in Manhattan, assumed control and made the Booth Memorial Hospital a Queens campus. ## Ride On (bus) Ride On is the primary public transportation system in Montgomery County, Maryland. Ride On serves Montgomery County as well as the community of Langley Park in Prince George's County. Ride On also serves the Takoma Metro station, and Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C. ## Lucy Webb Hayes National Training School Lucy Webb Hayes National Training School was a religious training school, now a hospital, in Washington, D.C. So named in memory of Lucy Webb Hayes, the wife of former President Rutherford B. Hayes, it was founded in 1891. It was the authorized training school of the Woman’s Home Missionary Society (now, Home Mission Society) of the Methodist Episcopal Church, which owned the property of the school, exercised supervision and jurisdiction over its management, and looked to it to supply the trained workers employed by the society in its widely diversified fields of labor. The privileges of the school were not, however, confined to those connected with the Woman’s Home Missionary Society. It opened its doors to all who wanted to prepare themselves for any department of Christian activity. In 1894, the school was chartered by act of Congress in conjunction with the Deaconess Home and Sibley Memorial Hospital, and formed with them one corporation. The unified administration and guaranteed the training of Christian workers. ## West End, Washington, D.C. The West End is a neighborhood in the Northwest quadrant of Washington, D.C., bounded by K Street to the south, Rock Creek Park to the west and north, and New Hampshire Avenue and 21st Street to the east. The West End is so named because it was the westernmost part of the original L'Enfant Plan for the city of Washington, before the annexation of Georgetown. It is home to the embassies of Qatar and Spain as well as the Delegation of the European Union to the United States. The George Washington University and George Washington University Hospital are on the edge of the West End, at Washington Circle. ## Medical Faculty Associates The George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates is a non-profit 501(c)3 physician group practice affiliated with the George Washington University. The MFA group practice is made up of academic clinical faculty of the GW Medical School. As of 2015, the group had more than 750 physicians providing medical services to the Washington DC, Northern Virginia, and Maryland areas. The GW Medical Faculty Associates offers over 51 specialty areas of care. The organization is a partner with the George Washington University Hospital and the School of Medicine and Health Sciences. ## Jerilyn Ross Jerilyn Ross (December 20, 1946 in the Bronx, New York–January 7, 2010 at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C.) was an American psychotherapist, phobia expert, and mental health activist. "The New York Times"' Benedict Carey described her as "one of the country’s most visible and effective advocates for those with mental health problems." Question: Which major American city is the site of both Sibley Memorial Hospital and the George Washington University Hospital? Answer:

Washington, D.C.

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Sibley Memorial Hospital Sibley Memorial Hospital is a non-profit hospital located in The Palisades neighborhood of Washington D.C. It is fully accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, and is licensed by the District of Columbia Department of Health and Human Services. The hospital specializes in surgery, orthopedics, and oncology services. It has been part of Johns Hopkins Medicine since 2010. ## George Washington University Hospital The George Washington University Hospital is located in Washington, D.C. in the United States. It is affiliated with the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences. The current facility opened on August 23, 2002, with 371 beds in a 400,000 sq. ft. building, housing more than $45 million of medical equipment and costing over $96 million to construct. The hospital is licensed by the District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs and accredited by the U.S. Joint Commission. ## Memorial Hospital (Chattanooga) Memorial Hospital is a hospital located in Chattanooga, Tennessee. It was officially opened on January 2, 1952. Memorial Hospital is a member of The American Hospital Association, The Tennessee Hospital Association, The Catholic Hospital Association, The Chattanooga Area Hospital Council, and The Chattanooga Area Safety Council. Memorial Hospital has grown tremendously since 1952. In 1952, Memorial Hospital had 200 beds. Today, the hospital has 365 hospital beds. It has nearly doubled in size over the 62 years since it opened. Memorial is a general hospital that has a wide variety of specialties. They have surgical, cardiac, interventional, cancer, orthopedic, and general care services. Memorial is known as a leader in Cardiology. Memorial is not a teaching hospital but they are a leader in new technology. ## Tomoaki Kato Tomoaki Kato, M.D., is a noted pioneer in multiple-organ transplantation, pediatric and adult liver transplantation. Kato is Surgical Director of Adult and Pediatric Liver and Intestinal Transplantation at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center and is a professor of surgery at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. Kato is also known for unique and innovative surgeries for adults and children, including a six-organ transplant; a procedure called APOLT (auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation) that resuscitates a failing liver by attaching a partial donor liver, making immunosuppressant drugs unnecessary; and the first successful human partial bladder transplantation involving the transplant of two kidneys together with ureters connected to a patch of the donor bladder. In a highly publicized case, he led the first reported removal and re-implantation, or auto-transplantation, of six organs to excise a hard-to-reach abdominal tumor. Previously the director of pediatric liver and gastrointestinal transplant and professor of clinical surgery at the University of Miami School of Medicine, Kato received his medical degree from the Osaka University Medical School in Japan and received his residency training in surgery at Osaka University Hospital and Itami City Hospital in Hyogo, Japan. He completed a clinical fellowship in transplantation at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, in Miami, Florida, where he was subsequently appointed to the surgical faculty in 1997, and promoted to full professor in 2007. He served as a surgeon and senior leader of the liver and transplantation center at Miami's Jackson Memorial Hospital, beginning in 1997, and at University of Miami Hospital (previously Cedars Medical Center), beginning in 2004. Kato is a member of numerous professional and honorary organizations, and the author or co-author of more than 180 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals. ## NewYork–Presbyterian/Queens New York–Presbyterian Hospital Queens, stylized as NewYork–Presbyterian/Queens (NYP/Q or NYP/Queens), is a not-for-profit acute care and teaching hospital in the Flushing neighborhood of Queens in New York City. Formerly operating as Booth Memorial Hospital and New York Hospital Queens (NYHQ), it is located on the northeast corner of Main Street and Booth Memorial Avenue. The NewYork–Presbyterian Healthcare System had assumed control of the Booth Memorial Hospital until 2015, when the NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital, headquartered in Manhattan, assumed control and made the Booth Memorial Hospital a Queens campus. ## Ride On (bus) Ride On is the primary public transportation system in Montgomery County, Maryland. Ride On serves Montgomery County as well as the community of Langley Park in Prince George's County. Ride On also serves the Takoma Metro station, and Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C. ## Lucy Webb Hayes National Training School Lucy Webb Hayes National Training School was a religious training school, now a hospital, in Washington, D.C. So named in memory of Lucy Webb Hayes, the wife of former President Rutherford B. Hayes, it was founded in 1891. It was the authorized training school of the Woman’s Home Missionary Society (now, Home Mission Society) of the Methodist Episcopal Church, which owned the property of the school, exercised supervision and jurisdiction over its management, and looked to it to supply the trained workers employed by the society in its widely diversified fields of labor. The privileges of the school were not, however, confined to those connected with the Woman’s Home Missionary Society. It opened its doors to all who wanted to prepare themselves for any department of Christian activity. In 1894, the school was chartered by act of Congress in conjunction with the Deaconess Home and Sibley Memorial Hospital, and formed with them one corporation. The unified administration and guaranteed the training of Christian workers. ## West End, Washington, D.C. The West End is a neighborhood in the Northwest quadrant of Washington, D.C., bounded by K Street to the south, Rock Creek Park to the west and north, and New Hampshire Avenue and 21st Street to the east. The West End is so named because it was the westernmost part of the original L'Enfant Plan for the city of Washington, before the annexation of Georgetown. It is home to the embassies of Qatar and Spain as well as the Delegation of the European Union to the United States. The George Washington University and George Washington University Hospital are on the edge of the West End, at Washington Circle. ## Medical Faculty Associates The George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates is a non-profit 501(c)3 physician group practice affiliated with the George Washington University. The MFA group practice is made up of academic clinical faculty of the GW Medical School. As of 2015, the group had more than 750 physicians providing medical services to the Washington DC, Northern Virginia, and Maryland areas. The GW Medical Faculty Associates offers over 51 specialty areas of care. The organization is a partner with the George Washington University Hospital and the School of Medicine and Health Sciences. ## Jerilyn Ross Jerilyn Ross (December 20, 1946 in the Bronx, New York–January 7, 2010 at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C.) was an American psychotherapist, phobia expert, and mental health activist. "The New York Times"' Benedict Carey described her as "one of the country’s most visible and effective advocates for those with mental health problems." Question: Which major American city is the site of both Sibley Memorial Hospital and the George Washington University Hospital? Answer: ### Response: Washington, D.C.

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## 1993 Kids' Choice Awards The 1993 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was the sixth annual "Kids Choice Awards" event, which took place on November 14, 1993. It was hosted by Brian Austin Green, Holly Robinson Peete, and Tori Spelling The event was held at the Pauley Pavilion at UCLA in Los Angeles, California. So far, this is the latest Kids' Choice Awards ceremony date to take place, with the earliest being the 2017 ceremony (March 11, 2017). ## 2014 Kids' Choice Awards Nickelodeon's 27th Annual Kids' Choice Awards was held on March 29, 2014, at the Galen Center in Los Angeles, California. Actor Mark Wahlberg hosted the ceremony. The "Orange Carpet" was set up in front of Galen Center on the sidewalks of Jefferson Boulevard. The show was broadcast on Nickelodeon from 8 p.m. to 9:36 p.m. ET/PT and tape delayed for the West Coast in the United States and Canada, along with the rest of Nickelodeon's international channels, some of which contributed locally based awards and local segments tying into the American broadcast. Voting was available worldwide on seventeen voting websites in various nations and regions, along with mobile voting depending on region. The "Kids’ Choice Awards Orange Carpet pre-show" was webcast prior to the presentation of the awards. ## 2008 Kids' Choice Awards The 21st annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards were held at the Pauley Pavilion, Los Angeles, California on March 29, 2008. The show was the first live-action/animated Kids Choice Awards show. The event was hosted by Jack Black. Voting began March 3 on Nick.com and Nicktropolis. A "Bring on the Nominees" special hosted by Lil' JJ aired also. The Naked Brothers Band and Miley Cyrus were musical performances for the show. A sweepstakes was announced to promote the show. The number of votes cast broke the record previously set in 2007. 86,708,020 kids cast 88,254,272 votes (since kids were allowed to vote multiple times) between March 3–29 in 18 categories, to honor and vote for their favorites. Votes were cast via Nick.com, Nicktropolis, TurboNick, and for the first time via Nick's new mobile website (wap.nick.com). The award show attracted 7.7 million viewers. ## 2013 Teen Choice Awards The 2013 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 11, 2013 and broadcast on Fox. The awards celebrate the year's achievements in music, film, television, sports, fashion, comedy, and the Internet, and are voted on by mostly female teenage viewers aged 13 through 19. This was the last "Teen Choice Award" ceremony to take place at the Gibson Amphitheatre due to the venue closing down in September 2013, to make room for The Wizarding World of Harry Potter. "" won eight of its nine nominations, "Pretty Little Liars" won all of its seven nominations, pushing the series' total to eighteen Teen Choice Awards, "Pitch Perfect" won four of its eleven, "Glee" won four and Bruno Mars won two of their eight, respectively, Taylor Swift won two of her seven, and Demi Lovato won four of her six, One Direction won all six of their nominations (including the awards received by Harry Styles), remaining undefeated at the Teen Choice Awards, Selena Gomez won three of her six nominations and Miley Cyrus won three of her six nominations. Miley Cyrus took home the "Candie's Fashion Trendsetter" award. ## Victorious Victorious (stylized as "VICTORiOUS") is an American sitcom created by Dan Schneider that originally aired on Nickelodeon from March 27, 2010 to February 2, 2013. The series revolves around aspiring singer Tori Vega (portrayed by Victoria Justice), a teenager who attends a performing arts high school called Hollywood Arts High School, after taking her older sister Trina's (Daniella Monet) place in a showcase while getting into screwball situations on a daily basis. On her first day at Hollywood Arts, she meets Andre Harris (Leon Thomas III), Robbie Shapiro (Matt Bennett), Rex Powers (Robbie's puppet), Jade West (Elizabeth Gillies), Cat Valentine (Ariana Grande), and Beck Oliver (Avan Jogia). The series premiered after the 2010 Kids' Choice Awards. The series won for Favorite TV Show award at the 2012 Kids' Choice Awards and 2013 Kids' Choice Awards, even beating out "iCarly". "Victorious" has had four Emmy nominations. ## 2001 Kids' Choice Awards The 2001 Kids' Choice Awards is the 14th "Kids' Choice Awards" ceremony. It is hosted by Rosie O'Donnell at the Barker Hanger in Santa Monica, California on April 21, 2001 and is broadcast live on Nickelodeon. In Space-themed, Tom Cruise, Melissa Joan Hart, and *NSYNC were slimed; 100 kids in the audience are slimed in the biggest sliming ever. Backstreet Boys, Destiny's Child, Aaron Carter, and Lil' Bow Wow performed. ## 2017 Kids' Choice Awards The 30th Annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was held on March 11, 2017, at the Galen Center on the University of Southern California campus in Los Angeles live on Nickelodeon and either live or on tape delay across all of Nickelodeon's international networks and also served as a full-length TV movie. John Cena hosted the ceremony. This is the earliest Kids' Choice Awards ceremony date to take place, with the former latest being the 1989 ceremony on June 25, 1989. ## 2010 Kids' Choice Awards Nickelodeon's 23rd Annual Kids' Choice Awards (Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards 2010) were held on March 27, 2010 (aired live from 8-9:30 p.m. ET) on the Nell and John Wooden Court of Pauley Pavilion, on the campus of UCLA in Los Angeles, California. With the launch of Nickelodeon Canada in late 2009, Canada broadcast the awards live as it aired in the Eastern, Central, and Mountain time zones of the United States (it was tape-delayed for the Pacific Time Zone) and the awards will be rebroadcast on YTV on April 2, 2010 at 7 p.m. ET. As a result, Canadian kids were able to vote on candidates for the first time. Nickelodeon's sister channels TeenNick and Nicktoons suspended regular programming during the 90-minute duration of the award show to allow viewers to see the awards. The 2010 awards were hosted by Kevin James, who is a first-time "Kids' Choice" host. ## 2009 Kids' Choice Awards Nickelodeon's 22nd Annual Kids' Choice Awards (Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards 2009) were held on March 28, 2009 at 8 p.m. on the Nell and John Wooden Court of Pauley Pavilion. Dwayne Johnson hosted this awards show which lasted for more than one and half hours. Voting commenced on March 2, 2009. Performers and presenters have been listed at the official site. The Jonas Brothers sang their song, "Lovebug", but changed the line "catch this lovebug again" to "catch this slime time again". By the end of the program, they were named the "slime gods". This year marks the last time that the Nickelodeon Orange Blimp was used on the Kids' Choice Awards logo for 4 years. The Nickelodeon Blimp was not used on the Kids' Choice Awards logo again until 2013. ## Rosie O'Donnell Roseann O'Donnell (born March 21, 1962) is an American comedian, actress, author, and television personality. She has been a magazine editor and continues to be a celebrity blogger, a lesbian rights activist, a television producer, and a collaborative partner in the LGBT family vacation company, R Family Vacations. Question: The 2001 Kids' Choice Awards is the 14th "Kids' Choice Awards" ceremony, and was hosted by which American comedian, actress, author, and television personality? Answer:

Roseann O'Donnell

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## 1993 Kids' Choice Awards The 1993 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was the sixth annual "Kids Choice Awards" event, which took place on November 14, 1993. It was hosted by Brian Austin Green, Holly Robinson Peete, and Tori Spelling The event was held at the Pauley Pavilion at UCLA in Los Angeles, California. So far, this is the latest Kids' Choice Awards ceremony date to take place, with the earliest being the 2017 ceremony (March 11, 2017). ## 2014 Kids' Choice Awards Nickelodeon's 27th Annual Kids' Choice Awards was held on March 29, 2014, at the Galen Center in Los Angeles, California. Actor Mark Wahlberg hosted the ceremony. The "Orange Carpet" was set up in front of Galen Center on the sidewalks of Jefferson Boulevard. The show was broadcast on Nickelodeon from 8 p.m. to 9:36 p.m. ET/PT and tape delayed for the West Coast in the United States and Canada, along with the rest of Nickelodeon's international channels, some of which contributed locally based awards and local segments tying into the American broadcast. Voting was available worldwide on seventeen voting websites in various nations and regions, along with mobile voting depending on region. The "Kids’ Choice Awards Orange Carpet pre-show" was webcast prior to the presentation of the awards. ## 2008 Kids' Choice Awards The 21st annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards were held at the Pauley Pavilion, Los Angeles, California on March 29, 2008. The show was the first live-action/animated Kids Choice Awards show. The event was hosted by Jack Black. Voting began March 3 on Nick.com and Nicktropolis. A "Bring on the Nominees" special hosted by Lil' JJ aired also. The Naked Brothers Band and Miley Cyrus were musical performances for the show. A sweepstakes was announced to promote the show. The number of votes cast broke the record previously set in 2007. 86,708,020 kids cast 88,254,272 votes (since kids were allowed to vote multiple times) between March 3–29 in 18 categories, to honor and vote for their favorites. Votes were cast via Nick.com, Nicktropolis, TurboNick, and for the first time via Nick's new mobile website (wap.nick.com). The award show attracted 7.7 million viewers. ## 2013 Teen Choice Awards The 2013 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 11, 2013 and broadcast on Fox. The awards celebrate the year's achievements in music, film, television, sports, fashion, comedy, and the Internet, and are voted on by mostly female teenage viewers aged 13 through 19. This was the last "Teen Choice Award" ceremony to take place at the Gibson Amphitheatre due to the venue closing down in September 2013, to make room for The Wizarding World of Harry Potter. "" won eight of its nine nominations, "Pretty Little Liars" won all of its seven nominations, pushing the series' total to eighteen Teen Choice Awards, "Pitch Perfect" won four of its eleven, "Glee" won four and Bruno Mars won two of their eight, respectively, Taylor Swift won two of her seven, and Demi Lovato won four of her six, One Direction won all six of their nominations (including the awards received by Harry Styles), remaining undefeated at the Teen Choice Awards, Selena Gomez won three of her six nominations and Miley Cyrus won three of her six nominations. Miley Cyrus took home the "Candie's Fashion Trendsetter" award. ## Victorious Victorious (stylized as "VICTORiOUS") is an American sitcom created by Dan Schneider that originally aired on Nickelodeon from March 27, 2010 to February 2, 2013. The series revolves around aspiring singer Tori Vega (portrayed by Victoria Justice), a teenager who attends a performing arts high school called Hollywood Arts High School, after taking her older sister Trina's (Daniella Monet) place in a showcase while getting into screwball situations on a daily basis. On her first day at Hollywood Arts, she meets Andre Harris (Leon Thomas III), Robbie Shapiro (Matt Bennett), Rex Powers (Robbie's puppet), Jade West (Elizabeth Gillies), Cat Valentine (Ariana Grande), and Beck Oliver (Avan Jogia). The series premiered after the 2010 Kids' Choice Awards. The series won for Favorite TV Show award at the 2012 Kids' Choice Awards and 2013 Kids' Choice Awards, even beating out "iCarly". "Victorious" has had four Emmy nominations. ## 2001 Kids' Choice Awards The 2001 Kids' Choice Awards is the 14th "Kids' Choice Awards" ceremony. It is hosted by Rosie O'Donnell at the Barker Hanger in Santa Monica, California on April 21, 2001 and is broadcast live on Nickelodeon. In Space-themed, Tom Cruise, Melissa Joan Hart, and *NSYNC were slimed; 100 kids in the audience are slimed in the biggest sliming ever. Backstreet Boys, Destiny's Child, Aaron Carter, and Lil' Bow Wow performed. ## 2017 Kids' Choice Awards The 30th Annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was held on March 11, 2017, at the Galen Center on the University of Southern California campus in Los Angeles live on Nickelodeon and either live or on tape delay across all of Nickelodeon's international networks and also served as a full-length TV movie. John Cena hosted the ceremony. This is the earliest Kids' Choice Awards ceremony date to take place, with the former latest being the 1989 ceremony on June 25, 1989. ## 2010 Kids' Choice Awards Nickelodeon's 23rd Annual Kids' Choice Awards (Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards 2010) were held on March 27, 2010 (aired live from 8-9:30 p.m. ET) on the Nell and John Wooden Court of Pauley Pavilion, on the campus of UCLA in Los Angeles, California. With the launch of Nickelodeon Canada in late 2009, Canada broadcast the awards live as it aired in the Eastern, Central, and Mountain time zones of the United States (it was tape-delayed for the Pacific Time Zone) and the awards will be rebroadcast on YTV on April 2, 2010 at 7 p.m. ET. As a result, Canadian kids were able to vote on candidates for the first time. Nickelodeon's sister channels TeenNick and Nicktoons suspended regular programming during the 90-minute duration of the award show to allow viewers to see the awards. The 2010 awards were hosted by Kevin James, who is a first-time "Kids' Choice" host. ## 2009 Kids' Choice Awards Nickelodeon's 22nd Annual Kids' Choice Awards (Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards 2009) were held on March 28, 2009 at 8 p.m. on the Nell and John Wooden Court of Pauley Pavilion. Dwayne Johnson hosted this awards show which lasted for more than one and half hours. Voting commenced on March 2, 2009. Performers and presenters have been listed at the official site. The Jonas Brothers sang their song, "Lovebug", but changed the line "catch this lovebug again" to "catch this slime time again". By the end of the program, they were named the "slime gods". This year marks the last time that the Nickelodeon Orange Blimp was used on the Kids' Choice Awards logo for 4 years. The Nickelodeon Blimp was not used on the Kids' Choice Awards logo again until 2013. ## Rosie O'Donnell Roseann O'Donnell (born March 21, 1962) is an American comedian, actress, author, and television personality. She has been a magazine editor and continues to be a celebrity blogger, a lesbian rights activist, a television producer, and a collaborative partner in the LGBT family vacation company, R Family Vacations. Question: The 2001 Kids' Choice Awards is the 14th "Kids' Choice Awards" ceremony, and was hosted by which American comedian, actress, author, and television personality? Answer: ### Response: Roseann O'Donnell

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Sam Mikulak Samuel Anthony "Sam" Mikulak (born October 13, 1992) is an American artistic gymnast. He is a seven-time NCAA champion in gymnastics, winning the all-around and several other titles in 2011, 2013 and 2014 NCAA Men's Gymnastics championship and was a member of the U.S. men's gymnastics team that competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, and a member of the U.S. men's gymnastics team that competed in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. He is a member of the 2017 U.S. men's gymnastics team that will compete in the FIG World Championships in October in Montreal, Canada. ## Ryan Bamford Ryan Bamford is the current athletic director of the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was previously hired on March 23, 2011 as an associate athletic director at Georgia Institute of Technology by then athletic director Dan Radakovich and promoted to senior associate in June 2013 by incoming athletic director Mike Bobinski. ## Oklahoma Sooners The Oklahoma Sooners are the athletic teams that represent the University of Oklahoma, located in Norman. The 19 men's and women's varsity teams are called the "Sooners", a reference to a nickname given to the early participants in the Land Rush of 1889, which initially opened the Unassigned Lands in the future state of Oklahoma to non-native settlement. The university's athletic teams compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)'s Division I in the Big 12 Conference. The university's current athletic director is Joe Castiglione. ## Yelena Davydova Yelena Viktorovna Davydova (Russian: Еле́на Ви́кторовна Давы́дова ; born 7 August 1961) is a Russian-Canadian gymnastics coach and judge who competed for the former Soviet Union. She is the 1980 Olympic all-around champion. and owns Gemini Gymnastics, a high performance gymnastics club in Oshawa, Ontario (Canada) where she is also the head coach. In July 2012, Davydova was one of the coaches of the Canadian Women's Artistic Gymnastics Team. Kristina Vaculik, coached by Davydova, was a member of the team, which placed fifth over-all in the team event, the best placement for a Canadian gymnastics team in Olympic history. In 2016, Davydova completed the circle, representing Canada as Head Floor Judge at the 2016 Rio Olympics. Davydova was known for her cutting-edge difficulty, innovation and charming performances. ## Florida Gators women's gymnastics The Florida Gators women's gymnastics team represents the University of Florida in the sport of gymnastics. The team competes in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Gators host their home matches in the O'Connell Center on the university's Gainesville, Florida campus, and are currently led by head coach Jenny Rowland. The Gators women's gymnastics program has won nine SEC championships, and four national championships: the 1982 AIAW national tournament and the 2013, 2014, and 2015 NCAA championships. ## Jenny Rowland Jenny Rowland (née Ester) (born July 19, 1971) is an American college gymnastics coach and former artistic gymnast. She is currently head coach of the Florida Gators gymnastics program, succeeding Rhonda Faehn. Previously, she was with the Auburn Tigers and Oklahoma Sooners women's gymnastics teams.<ref name="universityathleticassociation/imgcollegecopyright2015"> </ref> ## UIC Flames The UIC Flames are the intercollegiate athletic teams of the University of Illinois at Chicago. They are called the Flames as a reference to the Great Chicago Fire, and their team colors are navy blue and fire engine red. The Flames participate in NCAA Division I athletics as part of the Horizon League in baseball, basketball, cross-country, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track, and volleyball. The Flames also compete in gymnastics in the Eastern Intercollegiate Gymnastics League. Jim Schmidt is the current athletic director and has been at the university for 25 years. ## Gary Barta Gary Barta (born September 4, 1963) is the current athletic director at the University of Iowa. He succeeded Bob Bowlsby on August 1, 2006, when Bowlsby stepped down after 15 years as Iowa's athletic director to take the same position at Stanford University. Before coming to Iowa, Barta was the athletic director at the University of Wyoming from 2003 to 2006. In early 2005, Barta was a finalist for the Athletic Director position at Arizona State University. Prior to serving as the athletic director at Wyoming, Barta served as an administrator in the athletic departments at the University of Washington, and Northern Iowa University. ## Elizabeth Price (gymnast) Elizabeth "Ebee" Nicole Price (born May 28, 1996) is an American artistic gymnast. Price was an alternate for the 2012 Summer Olympics Gymnastics team, the 2014 American Cup Champion, and the 2013-2014 Artistic Gymnastics World Cup All Around Series Winner. She was a member of the US Junior National Gymnastics Team from 2010 to 2012 and the US Senior National Team from 2012 to 2014. She retired from international elite gymnastics in April 2014. In the fall of 2014, she joined the Stanford University women's gymnastics team and competed in her first NCAA competition on January 4, 2015. She won two weekly honors: Pac-12 Freshman/Newcomer of the Week (January 12) and Specialist of the Week (March 10). At the 2015 Pac-12 Conference Championships, she tied for the uneven bars title, tied for third on vault, and was named Pac-12 Specialist of the Year. Price finished the season as 2015 NCAA national vault champion and a three time first-team All-American. ## 2016 Florida Gators women's gymnastics team The 2016 Florida Gators gymnastics team is to represent the University of Florida in the sport of artistic gymnastics during the 2016 NCAA Division I women's gymnastics season. The Gators compete in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They host their home meets at the O'Connell Center on the university's campus in Gainesville, Florida. The 2016 season is the Gators' first under head coach Jenny Rowland. Question: Who is the current athletic director of where Jenny Rowland was on the women's gymnastics team? Answer:

Joe Castiglione

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Sam Mikulak Samuel Anthony "Sam" Mikulak (born October 13, 1992) is an American artistic gymnast. He is a seven-time NCAA champion in gymnastics, winning the all-around and several other titles in 2011, 2013 and 2014 NCAA Men's Gymnastics championship and was a member of the U.S. men's gymnastics team that competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, and a member of the U.S. men's gymnastics team that competed in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. He is a member of the 2017 U.S. men's gymnastics team that will compete in the FIG World Championships in October in Montreal, Canada. ## Ryan Bamford Ryan Bamford is the current athletic director of the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was previously hired on March 23, 2011 as an associate athletic director at Georgia Institute of Technology by then athletic director Dan Radakovich and promoted to senior associate in June 2013 by incoming athletic director Mike Bobinski. ## Oklahoma Sooners The Oklahoma Sooners are the athletic teams that represent the University of Oklahoma, located in Norman. The 19 men's and women's varsity teams are called the "Sooners", a reference to a nickname given to the early participants in the Land Rush of 1889, which initially opened the Unassigned Lands in the future state of Oklahoma to non-native settlement. The university's athletic teams compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)'s Division I in the Big 12 Conference. The university's current athletic director is Joe Castiglione. ## Yelena Davydova Yelena Viktorovna Davydova (Russian: Еле́на Ви́кторовна Давы́дова ; born 7 August 1961) is a Russian-Canadian gymnastics coach and judge who competed for the former Soviet Union. She is the 1980 Olympic all-around champion. and owns Gemini Gymnastics, a high performance gymnastics club in Oshawa, Ontario (Canada) where she is also the head coach. In July 2012, Davydova was one of the coaches of the Canadian Women's Artistic Gymnastics Team. Kristina Vaculik, coached by Davydova, was a member of the team, which placed fifth over-all in the team event, the best placement for a Canadian gymnastics team in Olympic history. In 2016, Davydova completed the circle, representing Canada as Head Floor Judge at the 2016 Rio Olympics. Davydova was known for her cutting-edge difficulty, innovation and charming performances. ## Florida Gators women's gymnastics The Florida Gators women's gymnastics team represents the University of Florida in the sport of gymnastics. The team competes in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Gators host their home matches in the O'Connell Center on the university's Gainesville, Florida campus, and are currently led by head coach Jenny Rowland. The Gators women's gymnastics program has won nine SEC championships, and four national championships: the 1982 AIAW national tournament and the 2013, 2014, and 2015 NCAA championships. ## Jenny Rowland Jenny Rowland (née Ester) (born July 19, 1971) is an American college gymnastics coach and former artistic gymnast. She is currently head coach of the Florida Gators gymnastics program, succeeding Rhonda Faehn. Previously, she was with the Auburn Tigers and Oklahoma Sooners women's gymnastics teams.<ref name="universityathleticassociation/imgcollegecopyright2015"> </ref> ## UIC Flames The UIC Flames are the intercollegiate athletic teams of the University of Illinois at Chicago. They are called the Flames as a reference to the Great Chicago Fire, and their team colors are navy blue and fire engine red. The Flames participate in NCAA Division I athletics as part of the Horizon League in baseball, basketball, cross-country, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track, and volleyball. The Flames also compete in gymnastics in the Eastern Intercollegiate Gymnastics League. Jim Schmidt is the current athletic director and has been at the university for 25 years. ## Gary Barta Gary Barta (born September 4, 1963) is the current athletic director at the University of Iowa. He succeeded Bob Bowlsby on August 1, 2006, when Bowlsby stepped down after 15 years as Iowa's athletic director to take the same position at Stanford University. Before coming to Iowa, Barta was the athletic director at the University of Wyoming from 2003 to 2006. In early 2005, Barta was a finalist for the Athletic Director position at Arizona State University. Prior to serving as the athletic director at Wyoming, Barta served as an administrator in the athletic departments at the University of Washington, and Northern Iowa University. ## Elizabeth Price (gymnast) Elizabeth "Ebee" Nicole Price (born May 28, 1996) is an American artistic gymnast. Price was an alternate for the 2012 Summer Olympics Gymnastics team, the 2014 American Cup Champion, and the 2013-2014 Artistic Gymnastics World Cup All Around Series Winner. She was a member of the US Junior National Gymnastics Team from 2010 to 2012 and the US Senior National Team from 2012 to 2014. She retired from international elite gymnastics in April 2014. In the fall of 2014, she joined the Stanford University women's gymnastics team and competed in her first NCAA competition on January 4, 2015. She won two weekly honors: Pac-12 Freshman/Newcomer of the Week (January 12) and Specialist of the Week (March 10). At the 2015 Pac-12 Conference Championships, she tied for the uneven bars title, tied for third on vault, and was named Pac-12 Specialist of the Year. Price finished the season as 2015 NCAA national vault champion and a three time first-team All-American. ## 2016 Florida Gators women's gymnastics team The 2016 Florida Gators gymnastics team is to represent the University of Florida in the sport of artistic gymnastics during the 2016 NCAA Division I women's gymnastics season. The Gators compete in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They host their home meets at the O'Connell Center on the university's campus in Gainesville, Florida. The 2016 season is the Gators' first under head coach Jenny Rowland. Question: Who is the current athletic director of where Jenny Rowland was on the women's gymnastics team? Answer: ### Response: Joe Castiglione

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Unfinished Monkey Business Unfinished Monkey Business is the debut solo album by Ian Brown released in February 1998 via Polydor Records. The album was self-financed and produced by Brown, and was his first album release since the break-up of The Stone Roses in October 1996. Ex-Roses members Mani, Nigel Ipinson, Aziz Ibrahim and Robbie Maddix helped pen and perform the instruments on many of the album's tracks. "Ice Cold Cube", which premiered at The Stone Roses final concert, was first released on this album. ## Unorthodox (Wretch 32 song) "Unorthodox" is a song by Tottenham-born rapper Wretch 32 featuring vocals from British recording artist Example. It was released on 17 April 2011 as the second single from his second studio album "Black and White". A 12" vinyl was released the following day. The song samples Run D.M.C.'s What's It All About and Manchester band The Stone Roses' 1989 hit "Fools Gold" which appears on the US version of "The Stone Roses" and later on "Turns into Stone". The track was produced and co-written by British production team Future Cut. The song also features on the album "Now 79". ## The Stone Roses The Stone Roses are an English rock band formed in Manchester in 1983. They were one of the pioneering groups of the Madchester movement that was active during the late 1980s and early 1990s. The band's most prominent lineup consists of vocalist Ian Brown, guitarist John Squire, bassist Mani, and drummer Reni. ## Spin Doctors Spin Doctors is a rock band from USA, formed in New York City, best known for their early 1990s hits, "Two Princes" and "Little Miss Can't Be Wrong", which peaked on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart at No. 7 and No. 17, respectively. ## One Love (The Stone Roses song) "One Love" is a non-album single by The Stone Roses. The single was released in the UK, U.S., Australia, Brazil, Germany, Japan, Spain, and France, peaking at #4 in the Roses' home country of the UK, their highest charting single up until that time. "One Love" has appeared on the compilation albums "Turns into Stone", "The Complete Stone Roses" and "The Very Best of The Stone Roses". ## Do It Yourself (The Seahorses album) Do It Yourself is the only album by the Seahorses, an English alternative rock band that John Squire, formerly guitarist in the Stone Roses formed. The album's cover features a photograph of Squire's 1996 sculpture in the shape of globe made of puzzle pieces and also named "Do It Yourself". ## I Wanna Be Adored "I Wanna Be Adored" is a song by the British rock band The Stone Roses. It was the first track on their debut album, "The Stone Roses", and was released as a single. The US release charted at number 18 on the "Billboard" Modern Rock chart in 1990. In 1991, the single was released in the UK, Germany and Japan featuring previously unreleased B-sides. ## The Stone Roses: Made of Stone The Stone Roses: Made of Stone is a 2013 British music documentary on the acclaimed band The Stone Roses directed by Shane Meadows. The film stars band members Ian Brown, John Squire, Gary Mounfield and Alan Wren. The film was released on 5 June 2013 in the United Kingdom. ## Reunion Tour (The Stone Roses) The Reunion Tour was a rock concert tour by The Stone Roses. Three homecoming shows in Heaton Park, Manchester and a show in Phoenix Park, Dublin were the first shows to be announced by the band. Fifty shows eventually took place in Europe, Asia, North America and Oceania. The Heaton Park shows currently hold the record for the fastest selling rock gigs in UK history. The "Irish Independent" described the Dublin leg of the tour as "one of the most anticipated gigs of the year." The Stone Roses have also re-entered the music charts on the back of the tour. ## The Stone Roses (album) The Stone Roses is the debut album by English rock band the Stone Roses, released in May 1989 by Silvertone Records. The group recorded most of the album at Battery Studios in London with producer John Leckie. Although "The Stone Roses" was not an immediate success, its standing improved significantly among most critics, many of whom have since voted it high in polls of the greatest albums of all time. Question: Were the Spin Doctors and The Stone Roses formed in the same city? Answer:

no

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Unfinished Monkey Business Unfinished Monkey Business is the debut solo album by Ian Brown released in February 1998 via Polydor Records. The album was self-financed and produced by Brown, and was his first album release since the break-up of The Stone Roses in October 1996. Ex-Roses members Mani, Nigel Ipinson, Aziz Ibrahim and Robbie Maddix helped pen and perform the instruments on many of the album's tracks. "Ice Cold Cube", which premiered at The Stone Roses final concert, was first released on this album. ## Unorthodox (Wretch 32 song) "Unorthodox" is a song by Tottenham-born rapper Wretch 32 featuring vocals from British recording artist Example. It was released on 17 April 2011 as the second single from his second studio album "Black and White". A 12" vinyl was released the following day. The song samples Run D.M.C.'s What's It All About and Manchester band The Stone Roses' 1989 hit "Fools Gold" which appears on the US version of "The Stone Roses" and later on "Turns into Stone". The track was produced and co-written by British production team Future Cut. The song also features on the album "Now 79". ## The Stone Roses The Stone Roses are an English rock band formed in Manchester in 1983. They were one of the pioneering groups of the Madchester movement that was active during the late 1980s and early 1990s. The band's most prominent lineup consists of vocalist Ian Brown, guitarist John Squire, bassist Mani, and drummer Reni. ## Spin Doctors Spin Doctors is a rock band from USA, formed in New York City, best known for their early 1990s hits, "Two Princes" and "Little Miss Can't Be Wrong", which peaked on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart at No. 7 and No. 17, respectively. ## One Love (The Stone Roses song) "One Love" is a non-album single by The Stone Roses. The single was released in the UK, U.S., Australia, Brazil, Germany, Japan, Spain, and France, peaking at #4 in the Roses' home country of the UK, their highest charting single up until that time. "One Love" has appeared on the compilation albums "Turns into Stone", "The Complete Stone Roses" and "The Very Best of The Stone Roses". ## Do It Yourself (The Seahorses album) Do It Yourself is the only album by the Seahorses, an English alternative rock band that John Squire, formerly guitarist in the Stone Roses formed. The album's cover features a photograph of Squire's 1996 sculpture in the shape of globe made of puzzle pieces and also named "Do It Yourself". ## I Wanna Be Adored "I Wanna Be Adored" is a song by the British rock band The Stone Roses. It was the first track on their debut album, "The Stone Roses", and was released as a single. The US release charted at number 18 on the "Billboard" Modern Rock chart in 1990. In 1991, the single was released in the UK, Germany and Japan featuring previously unreleased B-sides. ## The Stone Roses: Made of Stone The Stone Roses: Made of Stone is a 2013 British music documentary on the acclaimed band The Stone Roses directed by Shane Meadows. The film stars band members Ian Brown, John Squire, Gary Mounfield and Alan Wren. The film was released on 5 June 2013 in the United Kingdom. ## Reunion Tour (The Stone Roses) The Reunion Tour was a rock concert tour by The Stone Roses. Three homecoming shows in Heaton Park, Manchester and a show in Phoenix Park, Dublin were the first shows to be announced by the band. Fifty shows eventually took place in Europe, Asia, North America and Oceania. The Heaton Park shows currently hold the record for the fastest selling rock gigs in UK history. The "Irish Independent" described the Dublin leg of the tour as "one of the most anticipated gigs of the year." The Stone Roses have also re-entered the music charts on the back of the tour. ## The Stone Roses (album) The Stone Roses is the debut album by English rock band the Stone Roses, released in May 1989 by Silvertone Records. The group recorded most of the album at Battery Studios in London with producer John Leckie. Although "The Stone Roses" was not an immediate success, its standing improved significantly among most critics, many of whom have since voted it high in polls of the greatest albums of all time. Question: Were the Spin Doctors and The Stone Roses formed in the same city? Answer: ### Response: no

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Love Story (Taylor Swift song) "Love Story" is a song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman, alongside Swift. It was released on September 12, 2008 by Big Machine Records, as the lead single from Swift's second studio album "Fearless" (2008). The song was written about a love interest of Swift's who was not popular among Swift's family and friends. Because of the scenario, Swift related to the plot of William Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet" (1597) and used it as a source of inspiration to compose the song. However, she replaced "Romeo and Juliet"' s original tragic conclusion with a happy ending. It is a midtempo song with a dreamy soprano voice, while the melody continually builds. The lyrics are from the perspective of Juliet. ## Our Song (Taylor Swift song) "Our Song" is a country song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on September 9, 2007 by Big Machine Records as the third single from Swift's eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). Swift solely composed "Our Song" for the talent show of her freshman year in high school, about a boyfriend who she did not have a song with. It was included on "Taylor Swift" as she recalled its popularity with her classmates. The uptempo track is musically driven mainly by banjo and lyrically describes a young couple who use the events in their lives in place of a regular song. ## Fifteen (song) "Fifteen" is a country pop song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. Swift self-penned the song and co-produced it along with Nathan Chapman. "Fifteen" was released on August 30, 2009 by Big Machine Records, as the fourth single from Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008). The song was inspired by Swift's freshman year of high school at Hendersonville High School, where she first encountered heartbreak, along with her best friend Abigail Anderson. After writing it, Swift asked Anderson for authorization to record the song (due to personal references in the song); Anderson affirmed and it was ultimately included on "Fearless". "Fifteen" is a ballad, which has Swift reminiscing on events that occurred to her and her best friend at the age of 15 and cautioning teenagers to not fall in love easily. ## Beautiful Eyes Beautiful Eyes is the second extended play (EP) by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The EP was released on July 15, 2008 by Big Machine Records exclusively to Walmart stores in the United States and online. The limited release EP has a primarily country pop sound and features alternate versions of tracks from her debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006), and two original tracks, "Beautiful Eyes" and "I Heart ?", songs which she had previously written; a DVD, featuring music videos of singles from "Taylor Swift", is also included on the physical release of the EP. ## Teardrops on My Guitar "Teardrops on My Guitar" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift, alongside Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. "Teardrops on My Guitar" was released on February 19, 2007 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's eponymous debut album (2006). The song was later included on the international release of Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), and released as the second pop single from the album in the United Kingdom. It was inspired by Swift's experience with Drew Hardwick, a classmate of hers for whom she had feelings. He was completely unaware and continually spoke about his girlfriend to Swift, something she pretended to be endeared by. Years afterwards, Hardwick appeared at Swift's house, but Swift rejected him. Musically, the track is soft and is primarily guided by a gentle acoustic guitar. Critics have queried the song's classification as country music, with those in agreement (such as Grady Smith of "Rolling Stone") citing the themes and narrative style as country-influenced and those opposed (such as Roger Holland of "PopMatters") indicating the pop music production and instrumentation lack traditional country elements. ## Fearless (Taylor Swift song) "Fearless" is a country pop song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift in collaboration with Liz Rose and Hillary Lindsey and produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. "Fearless" was released on January 3, 2010 by Big Machine Records as the fifth and final single from Swift's second studio album of the same name (2008). Swift composed the song while traveling on tour to promote her eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). She wrote "Fearless" in regard to the fearlessness of falling in love and eventually titled her second studio album after the song. Musically, it contains qualities commonly found in country pop music and, lyrically, is about a perfect first date. ## Fearless Tour The Fearless Tour was the debut concert tour by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. Also referred to as the Fearless Tour 2009 and the Fearless Tour 2010, it was launched in support of her second studio album ""Fearless"" (2008). On the tour, she was joined by guests Kellie Pickler and Gloriana. Teen singer Justin Bieber joined her as an opening act for the tour when she went to England in November 2009. During the tour, Swift performed with guests such as John Mayer, Katy Perry, and Faith Hill. It grossed $63,705,590 from 89 reported shows and an audience of 1,138,977. ## Fearless (Taylor Swift album) Fearless is the second studio album by the American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The album was released on November 11, 2008, by Big Machine Records. As with her first album, "Taylor Swift", Swift wrote or co-wrote all thirteen tracks on "Fearless". Most of the songs were written as the singer promoted her first album as the opening act for numerous country artists. Due to the unavailability of collaborators on the road, eight songs were written by Swift. Other songs were co-written with Liz Rose, Hillary Lindsey, Colbie Caillat, and John Rich. Swift also made her debut as a record producer, co-producing all songs on the album with Nathan Chapman. ## Taylor Swift (album) Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records. Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school. Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose. Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album. Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one. Lyrics also touch on Swift's personal struggles in high school. ## White Horse (Taylor Swift song) "White Horse" is a song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman, with Swift's aid. The song was released on December 7, 2008 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's second studio album "Fearless" (2008). Swift and Rose composed the song about one of Swift's ex-boyfriends, when Swift discovered he was not what she had perceived of him. It focused on the moment where Swift accepted that the relationship was over. "White Horse" is, musically, a country song and uses sparse production to emphasize vocals. Lyrically, the track speaks of disillusionment and pain in a relationship, drawing references to fairytales. Question: Fearless was the Taylor Swift album that followed the debut album that was released on what date? Answer:

October 24, 2006

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Love Story (Taylor Swift song) "Love Story" is a song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman, alongside Swift. It was released on September 12, 2008 by Big Machine Records, as the lead single from Swift's second studio album "Fearless" (2008). The song was written about a love interest of Swift's who was not popular among Swift's family and friends. Because of the scenario, Swift related to the plot of William Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet" (1597) and used it as a source of inspiration to compose the song. However, she replaced "Romeo and Juliet"' s original tragic conclusion with a happy ending. It is a midtempo song with a dreamy soprano voice, while the melody continually builds. The lyrics are from the perspective of Juliet. ## Our Song (Taylor Swift song) "Our Song" is a country song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on September 9, 2007 by Big Machine Records as the third single from Swift's eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). Swift solely composed "Our Song" for the talent show of her freshman year in high school, about a boyfriend who she did not have a song with. It was included on "Taylor Swift" as she recalled its popularity with her classmates. The uptempo track is musically driven mainly by banjo and lyrically describes a young couple who use the events in their lives in place of a regular song. ## Fifteen (song) "Fifteen" is a country pop song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. Swift self-penned the song and co-produced it along with Nathan Chapman. "Fifteen" was released on August 30, 2009 by Big Machine Records, as the fourth single from Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008). The song was inspired by Swift's freshman year of high school at Hendersonville High School, where she first encountered heartbreak, along with her best friend Abigail Anderson. After writing it, Swift asked Anderson for authorization to record the song (due to personal references in the song); Anderson affirmed and it was ultimately included on "Fearless". "Fifteen" is a ballad, which has Swift reminiscing on events that occurred to her and her best friend at the age of 15 and cautioning teenagers to not fall in love easily. ## Beautiful Eyes Beautiful Eyes is the second extended play (EP) by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The EP was released on July 15, 2008 by Big Machine Records exclusively to Walmart stores in the United States and online. The limited release EP has a primarily country pop sound and features alternate versions of tracks from her debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006), and two original tracks, "Beautiful Eyes" and "I Heart ?", songs which she had previously written; a DVD, featuring music videos of singles from "Taylor Swift", is also included on the physical release of the EP. ## Teardrops on My Guitar "Teardrops on My Guitar" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift, alongside Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift's aid. "Teardrops on My Guitar" was released on February 19, 2007 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's eponymous debut album (2006). The song was later included on the international release of Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), and released as the second pop single from the album in the United Kingdom. It was inspired by Swift's experience with Drew Hardwick, a classmate of hers for whom she had feelings. He was completely unaware and continually spoke about his girlfriend to Swift, something she pretended to be endeared by. Years afterwards, Hardwick appeared at Swift's house, but Swift rejected him. Musically, the track is soft and is primarily guided by a gentle acoustic guitar. Critics have queried the song's classification as country music, with those in agreement (such as Grady Smith of "Rolling Stone") citing the themes and narrative style as country-influenced and those opposed (such as Roger Holland of "PopMatters") indicating the pop music production and instrumentation lack traditional country elements. ## Fearless (Taylor Swift song) "Fearless" is a country pop song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was co-written by Swift in collaboration with Liz Rose and Hillary Lindsey and produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. "Fearless" was released on January 3, 2010 by Big Machine Records as the fifth and final single from Swift's second studio album of the same name (2008). Swift composed the song while traveling on tour to promote her eponymous debut album, "Taylor Swift" (2006). She wrote "Fearless" in regard to the fearlessness of falling in love and eventually titled her second studio album after the song. Musically, it contains qualities commonly found in country pop music and, lyrically, is about a perfect first date. ## Fearless Tour The Fearless Tour was the debut concert tour by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. Also referred to as the Fearless Tour 2009 and the Fearless Tour 2010, it was launched in support of her second studio album ""Fearless"" (2008). On the tour, she was joined by guests Kellie Pickler and Gloriana. Teen singer Justin Bieber joined her as an opening act for the tour when she went to England in November 2009. During the tour, Swift performed with guests such as John Mayer, Katy Perry, and Faith Hill. It grossed $63,705,590 from 89 reported shows and an audience of 1,138,977. ## Fearless (Taylor Swift album) Fearless is the second studio album by the American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The album was released on November 11, 2008, by Big Machine Records. As with her first album, "Taylor Swift", Swift wrote or co-wrote all thirteen tracks on "Fearless". Most of the songs were written as the singer promoted her first album as the opening act for numerous country artists. Due to the unavailability of collaborators on the road, eight songs were written by Swift. Other songs were co-written with Liz Rose, Hillary Lindsey, Colbie Caillat, and John Rich. Swift also made her debut as a record producer, co-producing all songs on the album with Nathan Chapman. ## Taylor Swift (album) Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records. Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school. Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose. Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album. Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one. Lyrics also touch on Swift's personal struggles in high school. ## White Horse (Taylor Swift song) "White Horse" is a song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and Liz Rose and produced by Nathan Chapman, with Swift's aid. The song was released on December 7, 2008 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from Swift's second studio album "Fearless" (2008). Swift and Rose composed the song about one of Swift's ex-boyfriends, when Swift discovered he was not what she had perceived of him. It focused on the moment where Swift accepted that the relationship was over. "White Horse" is, musically, a country song and uses sparse production to emphasize vocals. Lyrically, the track speaks of disillusionment and pain in a relationship, drawing references to fairytales. Question: Fearless was the Taylor Swift album that followed the debut album that was released on what date? Answer: ### Response: October 24, 2006

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Acceptance mark An acceptance mark, in respect of credit cards, is a logo or design that indicates which card schemes an automated teller machine or merchant accepts. Common uses include decals and signs at merchant locations or in merchant advertisements. The purpose of the mark is to provide the card holder with information where his or her card can be used. An acceptance mark differs from the a card product name (such as American Express Black card, Eurocard), as it shows the card scheme (group of cards) accepted. An acceptance mark however corresponds to the card scheme mark shown on a card. ## Eagle Cash Eagle Cash (stylized as EagleCash), and sister program EZpay, are cash management applications that use stored-value card technology to process financial transactions in "closed-loop" operating environments. The programs are sponsored by the United States Department of the Treasury for the U.S. Armed Forces. The programs are administered for the Treasury by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, and are in use at approved U.S. military facilities inside and outside the continental United States. The systems utilize a plastic payment card, similar to a credit or debit card, which has an embedded microchip which keeps track of the amount of money stored on the card and interfaces with encrypted card acceptance devices. This allows soldiers with the card to purchase goods and services at U.S. military posts and canteens, without carrying cash, or manage their personal bank accounts while on deployment or in training. The program reduces the amount of American currency required overseas, reduces theft, saves thousands of man-hours in labor, helps reduce the risk of transporting cash in battlefield environments, and increases security and convenience for service members. It helped reduce or eliminate the need for cash and money orders. ## Debit card cashback Debit card cashback (also known as cash out in Australia and New Zealand) is a service offered to retail customers whereby an amount is added to the total purchase price of a transaction paid by debit card and the customer receives that amount in cash along with the purchase. Debit card cashback is offered either by various banks only to some card holders or by companies like VISA, MasterCard or American Express. ## Loan modification in the United States Loan modification is the systematic alteration of mortgage loan agreements that help those having problems making the payments by reducing interest rates, monthly payments or principal balances. Lending institutions could make one or more of these changes to relieve financial pressure on borrowers to prevent the condition of foreclosure. Loan modifications have been practiced in the United States since The 2008 Crash Of The Housing Market from Washington Mutual, Chase Home Finance, Chase, JP Morgan & Chase, other contributors like MER's. Crimes of Mortgage ad Real Estate Staff had long assisted nd finally the squeaky will could not continue as their deviant practices broke the state and crashed. Modification owners either ordered by The United States Department of Housing, The United States IRS or President Obamas letters from Note Holders came to those various departments asking for the Democratic process to help them keep their homes and protection them from explosion. Thus the birth of Modifications. It is yet to date for clarity how theses enforcements came into existence and except b whom, but t is certain that note holders form the Midwest reached out in the Democratic Process for assistance. FBI Mortgage Fraud Department came into existence. Modifications HMAP HARP were also birthed to help note holders get Justice through reduced mortgage by making terms legal. Modification of mortgage terms was introduced by IRS staff addressing the crisis called the HAMP TEAMS that went across the United States desiring the new products to assist homeowners that were victims of predatory lending practices, unethical staff, brokers, attorneys and lenders that contributed to the crash. Modification were a fix to the crash as litigation has ensued as the lenders reorganized and renamed the lending institutions and government agencies are to closely monitor them. Prior to modifications loan holders that experiences crisis would use Loan assumptions and Loan transfers to keep the note in the 1930s. During the Great Depression, loan transfers, loan assumption, and loan bail out programs took place at the state level in an effort to reduce levels of loan foreclosures while the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Federal Trade Commission, Comptroller, the United States Government and State Government responded to lending institution violations of law in these arenas by setting public court records that are legal precedence of such illegal actions. The legal precedents and reporting agencies were created to address the violations of laws to consumers while the Modifications were created to assist the consumers that are victims of predatory lending practices. During the so-called "Great Recession" of the early 21st century, loan modification became a matter of national policy, with various actions taken to alter mortgage loan terms to prevent further economic destabilization. Due to absorbent personal profits nothing has been done to educate Homeowners or Creditors that this money from equity, escrow is truly theirs the Loan Note Holder and it is their monetary rights as the real prize and reason for the Housing Crash was the profit n obtaining the mortgage holders Escrow. The Escrow and Equity that is accursed form the Note Holders payments various staff through the United States claimed as recorded and cashed by all staff in real-estate from local residential Tax Assessing Staff, Real Estate Staff, Ordinance Staff, Police Staff, Brokers, attorneys, lending institutional staff but typically Attorneys who are also typically the owners or Rental properties that are trained through Bankruptcies'. that collect the Escrow that is rightfully the Homeowners but because most Homeowners are unaware of what money is due them and how they can loose their escrow. Most Creditors are unaware that as the note holder that the Note Holder are due a annual or semi annual equity check and again bank or other lending and or legal intuitions staff claim this monies instead. This money Note Holders were unaware of is the prize of real estate and the cause of the Real Estate Crash of 2008 where Lending Institutions provided mortgages to people years prior they know they would eventually loose with Loan holders purchasing Balloon Mortgages lending product that is designed to make fast money off the note holder whom is always typically unaware of their escrow, equity and that are further victimized by conferences and books on HOW TO MAKE MONEY IN REAL STATE - when in fact the money is the Note Holder. The key of the crash was not the House, but the loan product used and the interest and money that was accrued form the note holders that staff too immorally. The immoral and illegal actions of predatory lending station and their staff began with the inception of balloon mortgages although illegal activity has always existed in the arena, yet the crash created "Watch Dog" like HAMP TEAM, IRS, COMPTROLLER< Federal Trade Commission Consumer Protection Bureau, FBI, CIA, Local Police Department, ICE ( The FBI online Computer crime division receives and investigates computer crimes that record keeping staff from title companies, lending institutional staff, legal staff and others created fraudulent documents to change payments and billing of note holders to obtain the money note holders are typically unaware of) and other watch dog agencies came into existence to examine if houses were purchased through a processed check at Government Debited office as many obtained free homes illegally. Many were incarcerated for such illegal actions. Modifications fixed the Notes to proper lower interest, escrow, tax fees that staff typically raised for no reason. Many people from various arenas involved in reals estate have been incarcerated for these actions as well as other illegal actions like charging for a modification. Additionally Modifications were also made to address the falsifications such as inappropriate mortgage charges, filing of fraudulently deeds, reporting of and at times filing of fraudulent mortgages that were already paid off that were fraudulently continued by lenders staff and attorneys or brokers or anyone in the Real Estate Chain through the issues of real estate terms to continue to violate United States Laws, contract law and legal precedence where collusion was often done again to defraud and steal from the Note Holder was such a common practice that was evidence as to why the Mortgage Crash in 2008 occurred for the purpose of wining the prize of stealing form Homeowners and those that foreclosed was actually often purposefully for these monies note holders were unaware of to be obtained which was why Balloon mortgages and loans were given to the staff in the Real Estate Market with the hoper and the expectation that the loan holders would default as it offered opportunity to commit illegal transactions of obtaining the homeowners funds. While such scams were addressed through modifications in 2008. The Market relied heavily on Consumers ignorance to prosper, ignorance of real estate terms, ignorance on what they were to be charged properly for unethical financial gain and while staff in real estates lending arenas mingled terms to deceive y deliberate confusion consumers out of cash and homes while the USA Government provided Justice through President Obamas Inception and IRS Inception of Modifications which addressed these unethical profits in Reals Estate. It was in 2009 that HARP, HAMP and Modifications were introduced to stop the victimization of Note Holders. Taking on the Banks that ran USA Government was a great and dangerous undertaking that made America Great Again as Justice for Consumers reigned. Legal action taken against institutions that have such business practices can be viewed in State Code of Law and Federal Law on precedent cases that are available to the public. Finally, It had been unlawful to be charged by an attorney to modify as well as fro banking staff to modify terms to increase a mortgage and or change lending product to a balloon in an concerted effort to make homeowner foreclose which is also illegal, computer fraud and not the governments intended purpose or definition of a modification. ## Free cash flow In corporate finance, free cash flow (FCF) or free cash flow to firm (FCFF) is a way of looking at a business's cash flow to see what is available for distribution among all the securities holders of a corporate entity. This may be useful to parties such as equity holders, debt holders, preferred stock holders, and convertible security holders when they want to see how much cash can be extracted from a company without causing issues to its operations. ## Bangaru Thalli (scheme) Bangaru Thalli is a welfare scheme for girls launched by Government of Andhra Pradesh. The scheme supports the family of a girl from her birth till her graduation. All the Below Poverty Line white card holders are eligible for the scheme... ## Scheme $6,000 Scheme $6,000 () is a 2011 Hong Kong Government tax rebate program that gave out HK$6,000 to all adult holders of a Hong Kong permanent identity card, in a bid to "藏富於民" (Leave wealth with the people). ## Unicard UNICARD is a loyalty card scheme run by Universal Card Corporation. It is the most popular loyalty card in Georgia. First UNICARD was issued in 2010; Collection of loyalty points was available in more than 100 partner companies combining more than 500 leading trading points. Since 2016 more than 250 companies joined UNICARD network. Partner companies participating in UNICARD loyalty card program reward their customers every time card holders make a purchase. ## Wealth Partaking Scheme Wealth Partaking Scheme (; Portuguese: "Plano de comparticipação pecuniária no desenvolvimento económico" ) is a cash disbursement policy to holders of a Macau Resident Identity Card by the Macau Special Administrative Region since 2008. The main purpose of the scheme is to share the results of the region's economic development with its people and help mitigate the effects of inflation. ## Macau Resident Identity Card The Macau Resident Identity Card (; Portuguese: Bilhete de Identidade de Residente ) or BIR is an official identity card issued by the Direcção dos Serviços de Identificação of Macau. There are two types of Resident Identity Cards: one for permanent residents (; Portuguese: "Bilhete de Identidade de Residente Permanente da R.A.E.M." ), and one for non-permanent residents (; Portuguese: "Bilhete de Identidade de Residente não Permanente da R.A.E.M." ). Question: Wealth Partaking Scheme a cash disbursement policy to holders of a card with what acronym? Answer:

BIR

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Acceptance mark An acceptance mark, in respect of credit cards, is a logo or design that indicates which card schemes an automated teller machine or merchant accepts. Common uses include decals and signs at merchant locations or in merchant advertisements. The purpose of the mark is to provide the card holder with information where his or her card can be used. An acceptance mark differs from the a card product name (such as American Express Black card, Eurocard), as it shows the card scheme (group of cards) accepted. An acceptance mark however corresponds to the card scheme mark shown on a card. ## Eagle Cash Eagle Cash (stylized as EagleCash), and sister program EZpay, are cash management applications that use stored-value card technology to process financial transactions in "closed-loop" operating environments. The programs are sponsored by the United States Department of the Treasury for the U.S. Armed Forces. The programs are administered for the Treasury by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, and are in use at approved U.S. military facilities inside and outside the continental United States. The systems utilize a plastic payment card, similar to a credit or debit card, which has an embedded microchip which keeps track of the amount of money stored on the card and interfaces with encrypted card acceptance devices. This allows soldiers with the card to purchase goods and services at U.S. military posts and canteens, without carrying cash, or manage their personal bank accounts while on deployment or in training. The program reduces the amount of American currency required overseas, reduces theft, saves thousands of man-hours in labor, helps reduce the risk of transporting cash in battlefield environments, and increases security and convenience for service members. It helped reduce or eliminate the need for cash and money orders. ## Debit card cashback Debit card cashback (also known as cash out in Australia and New Zealand) is a service offered to retail customers whereby an amount is added to the total purchase price of a transaction paid by debit card and the customer receives that amount in cash along with the purchase. Debit card cashback is offered either by various banks only to some card holders or by companies like VISA, MasterCard or American Express. ## Loan modification in the United States Loan modification is the systematic alteration of mortgage loan agreements that help those having problems making the payments by reducing interest rates, monthly payments or principal balances. Lending institutions could make one or more of these changes to relieve financial pressure on borrowers to prevent the condition of foreclosure. Loan modifications have been practiced in the United States since The 2008 Crash Of The Housing Market from Washington Mutual, Chase Home Finance, Chase, JP Morgan & Chase, other contributors like MER's. Crimes of Mortgage ad Real Estate Staff had long assisted nd finally the squeaky will could not continue as their deviant practices broke the state and crashed. Modification owners either ordered by The United States Department of Housing, The United States IRS or President Obamas letters from Note Holders came to those various departments asking for the Democratic process to help them keep their homes and protection them from explosion. Thus the birth of Modifications. It is yet to date for clarity how theses enforcements came into existence and except b whom, but t is certain that note holders form the Midwest reached out in the Democratic Process for assistance. FBI Mortgage Fraud Department came into existence. Modifications HMAP HARP were also birthed to help note holders get Justice through reduced mortgage by making terms legal. Modification of mortgage terms was introduced by IRS staff addressing the crisis called the HAMP TEAMS that went across the United States desiring the new products to assist homeowners that were victims of predatory lending practices, unethical staff, brokers, attorneys and lenders that contributed to the crash. Modification were a fix to the crash as litigation has ensued as the lenders reorganized and renamed the lending institutions and government agencies are to closely monitor them. Prior to modifications loan holders that experiences crisis would use Loan assumptions and Loan transfers to keep the note in the 1930s. During the Great Depression, loan transfers, loan assumption, and loan bail out programs took place at the state level in an effort to reduce levels of loan foreclosures while the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Federal Trade Commission, Comptroller, the United States Government and State Government responded to lending institution violations of law in these arenas by setting public court records that are legal precedence of such illegal actions. The legal precedents and reporting agencies were created to address the violations of laws to consumers while the Modifications were created to assist the consumers that are victims of predatory lending practices. During the so-called "Great Recession" of the early 21st century, loan modification became a matter of national policy, with various actions taken to alter mortgage loan terms to prevent further economic destabilization. Due to absorbent personal profits nothing has been done to educate Homeowners or Creditors that this money from equity, escrow is truly theirs the Loan Note Holder and it is their monetary rights as the real prize and reason for the Housing Crash was the profit n obtaining the mortgage holders Escrow. The Escrow and Equity that is accursed form the Note Holders payments various staff through the United States claimed as recorded and cashed by all staff in real-estate from local residential Tax Assessing Staff, Real Estate Staff, Ordinance Staff, Police Staff, Brokers, attorneys, lending institutional staff but typically Attorneys who are also typically the owners or Rental properties that are trained through Bankruptcies'. that collect the Escrow that is rightfully the Homeowners but because most Homeowners are unaware of what money is due them and how they can loose their escrow. Most Creditors are unaware that as the note holder that the Note Holder are due a annual or semi annual equity check and again bank or other lending and or legal intuitions staff claim this monies instead. This money Note Holders were unaware of is the prize of real estate and the cause of the Real Estate Crash of 2008 where Lending Institutions provided mortgages to people years prior they know they would eventually loose with Loan holders purchasing Balloon Mortgages lending product that is designed to make fast money off the note holder whom is always typically unaware of their escrow, equity and that are further victimized by conferences and books on HOW TO MAKE MONEY IN REAL STATE - when in fact the money is the Note Holder. The key of the crash was not the House, but the loan product used and the interest and money that was accrued form the note holders that staff too immorally. The immoral and illegal actions of predatory lending station and their staff began with the inception of balloon mortgages although illegal activity has always existed in the arena, yet the crash created "Watch Dog" like HAMP TEAM, IRS, COMPTROLLER< Federal Trade Commission Consumer Protection Bureau, FBI, CIA, Local Police Department, ICE ( The FBI online Computer crime division receives and investigates computer crimes that record keeping staff from title companies, lending institutional staff, legal staff and others created fraudulent documents to change payments and billing of note holders to obtain the money note holders are typically unaware of) and other watch dog agencies came into existence to examine if houses were purchased through a processed check at Government Debited office as many obtained free homes illegally. Many were incarcerated for such illegal actions. Modifications fixed the Notes to proper lower interest, escrow, tax fees that staff typically raised for no reason. Many people from various arenas involved in reals estate have been incarcerated for these actions as well as other illegal actions like charging for a modification. Additionally Modifications were also made to address the falsifications such as inappropriate mortgage charges, filing of fraudulently deeds, reporting of and at times filing of fraudulent mortgages that were already paid off that were fraudulently continued by lenders staff and attorneys or brokers or anyone in the Real Estate Chain through the issues of real estate terms to continue to violate United States Laws, contract law and legal precedence where collusion was often done again to defraud and steal from the Note Holder was such a common practice that was evidence as to why the Mortgage Crash in 2008 occurred for the purpose of wining the prize of stealing form Homeowners and those that foreclosed was actually often purposefully for these monies note holders were unaware of to be obtained which was why Balloon mortgages and loans were given to the staff in the Real Estate Market with the hoper and the expectation that the loan holders would default as it offered opportunity to commit illegal transactions of obtaining the homeowners funds. While such scams were addressed through modifications in 2008. The Market relied heavily on Consumers ignorance to prosper, ignorance of real estate terms, ignorance on what they were to be charged properly for unethical financial gain and while staff in real estates lending arenas mingled terms to deceive y deliberate confusion consumers out of cash and homes while the USA Government provided Justice through President Obamas Inception and IRS Inception of Modifications which addressed these unethical profits in Reals Estate. It was in 2009 that HARP, HAMP and Modifications were introduced to stop the victimization of Note Holders. Taking on the Banks that ran USA Government was a great and dangerous undertaking that made America Great Again as Justice for Consumers reigned. Legal action taken against institutions that have such business practices can be viewed in State Code of Law and Federal Law on precedent cases that are available to the public. Finally, It had been unlawful to be charged by an attorney to modify as well as fro banking staff to modify terms to increase a mortgage and or change lending product to a balloon in an concerted effort to make homeowner foreclose which is also illegal, computer fraud and not the governments intended purpose or definition of a modification. ## Free cash flow In corporate finance, free cash flow (FCF) or free cash flow to firm (FCFF) is a way of looking at a business's cash flow to see what is available for distribution among all the securities holders of a corporate entity. This may be useful to parties such as equity holders, debt holders, preferred stock holders, and convertible security holders when they want to see how much cash can be extracted from a company without causing issues to its operations. ## Bangaru Thalli (scheme) Bangaru Thalli is a welfare scheme for girls launched by Government of Andhra Pradesh. The scheme supports the family of a girl from her birth till her graduation. All the Below Poverty Line white card holders are eligible for the scheme... ## Scheme $6,000 Scheme $6,000 () is a 2011 Hong Kong Government tax rebate program that gave out HK$6,000 to all adult holders of a Hong Kong permanent identity card, in a bid to "藏富於民" (Leave wealth with the people). ## Unicard UNICARD is a loyalty card scheme run by Universal Card Corporation. It is the most popular loyalty card in Georgia. First UNICARD was issued in 2010; Collection of loyalty points was available in more than 100 partner companies combining more than 500 leading trading points. Since 2016 more than 250 companies joined UNICARD network. Partner companies participating in UNICARD loyalty card program reward their customers every time card holders make a purchase. ## Wealth Partaking Scheme Wealth Partaking Scheme (; Portuguese: "Plano de comparticipação pecuniária no desenvolvimento económico" ) is a cash disbursement policy to holders of a Macau Resident Identity Card by the Macau Special Administrative Region since 2008. The main purpose of the scheme is to share the results of the region's economic development with its people and help mitigate the effects of inflation. ## Macau Resident Identity Card The Macau Resident Identity Card (; Portuguese: Bilhete de Identidade de Residente ) or BIR is an official identity card issued by the Direcção dos Serviços de Identificação of Macau. There are two types of Resident Identity Cards: one for permanent residents (; Portuguese: "Bilhete de Identidade de Residente Permanente da R.A.E.M." ), and one for non-permanent residents (; Portuguese: "Bilhete de Identidade de Residente não Permanente da R.A.E.M." ). Question: Wealth Partaking Scheme a cash disbursement policy to holders of a card with what acronym? Answer: ### Response: BIR

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Rasual Butler Rasual Butler (born May 23, 1979) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has previously played for the Miami Heat, New Orleans Hornets, Los Angeles Clippers, Chicago Bulls, Toronto Raptors, Indiana Pacers, Washington Wizards and San Antonio Spurs. He was born in Philadelphia, and raised in the Point Breeze area of South Philadelphia. ## George Hill (basketball) George Jesse Hill Jr. (born May 4, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA). While playing for Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) he received many honors, including Summit League 'Player of the Year' and was an 'Honorable Mention All-American' his junior season. He was selected 26th overall by the San Antonio Spurs in the 2008 NBA draft. ## 2013–14 Toronto Raptors season The 2013–14 Toronto Raptors season is the 19th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). In the offseason, they traded Andrea Bargnani away to the New York Knicks for Steve Novak, Quentin Richardson and Marcus Camby. Despite the trade, the Raptors were not expected to make the 2014 playoffs however, with a weak Atlantic Division they found themselves as contenders for the Atlantic Division title despite an early losing record. On December 9, 2013 the Raptors traded Rudy Gay, Quincy Acy, and Aaron Gray to the Sacramento Kings for John Salmons, Greivis Vásquez, Patrick Patterson, and Chuck Hayes. The Rudy Gay trade was marked as a turning point for the Raptors as they went on a 10-2 run from a 6-12 record maintaining their division lead and finishing the season with a 48-34 record qualifying for the playoffs for the first time since 2008. However, the Raptors were eliminated by the Brooklyn Nets in an intense seven game first round series. ## Kawhi Leonard Kawhi Anthony Leonard ( , born June 29, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played two seasons of college basketball for San Diego State University before being selected with the 15th overall pick in the 2011 NBA draft by the Indiana Pacers. He was then traded to San Antonio on draft night. Leonard won an NBA Championship with the Spurs in 2014 and was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. He is a two-time NBA Defensive Player of the Year, having won in 2015 and 2016, and is a two-time All-NBA First Team member. ## Tony Parker William Anthony Parker Jr. (born 17 May 1982) is a French professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The son of a professional basketball player, Parker played for two years in the French basketball league before entering the 2001 NBA draft. He was selected by the San Antonio Spurs with the 28th overall pick in the draft and quickly became their starting point guard. Parker has won four NBA Championships (2003, 2005, 2007, and 2014), all of which were with the Spurs. ## T. J. Ford Terrance Jerod "T. J." Ford (born March 24, 1983) is an American retired professional basketball player. Having been awarded numerous top basketball accolades in high school and college, Ford entered the 2003 NBA draft and was selected eighth overall by the Milwaukee Bucks. Ford's recurring back injuries resulted in him missing many games in his three seasons with the Bucks, but in 2005, it was announced that he was fit to play basketball again. Ford was traded to the Raptors prior to the 2006–07 NBA season, and established himself as the starting point guard, helping the team win the Atlantic Division crown and reach the 2007 NBA Playoffs. Following an injury sustained in the 2007–08 NBA season, however, Ford had difficulties reclaiming the starting spot and was traded to the Indiana Pacers. He signed with KK Zagreb of Croatia during the 2011 NBA lockout where he appeared in one game, playing 17 minutes and scoring 7 points. On December 9, 2011, Ford signed a contract with the San Antonio Spurs. ## Malik Hairston Malik Samory Hairston (born February 23, 1987) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Hapoel Jerusalem of the Israeli Premier League. A shooting guard-small forward from the University of Oregon's Ducks, he was chosen in the 2008 NBA draft by the Phoenix Suns, who then traded him to the San Antonio Spurs. Hairston has also played with the San Antonio Spurs, the Austin Toros (the Spurs' D-League affiliate), Montepaschi Siena and Olimpia Milano of the Italian League, and Galatasaray of the Turkish League. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. ## Rudy Gay Rudy Carlton Gay Jr. (born August 17, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The 6'8" small forward played college basketball for the University of Connecticut before being drafted eighth overall in the 2006 NBA draft by the Houston Rockets; he was traded to the Memphis Grizzlies days later. ## Brad Lohaus Bradley Allen "Brad" Lohaus (born September 29, 1964) is an American retired professional basketball player who was selected by the Boston Celtics in the second round (45th overall) of the 1987 NBA Draft. A 6'11" center-power forward from the University of Iowa, Lohaus played in eleven NBA seasons for eight different teams: the Celtics, Sacramento Kings, Minnesota Timberwolves, Milwaukee Bucks, Miami Heat, San Antonio Spurs, New York Knicks and Toronto Raptors. ## List of San Antonio Spurs head coaches The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas. They are a member of the Southwest Division of the Western Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The franchise was founded as the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association (ABA) in 1967. The team suffered from poor attendance and general disinterest by fans in Dallas, and the name "Dallas" was dropped in favor of "Texas" during the 1970–71 season in an attempt to make the team regional. This also proved to be a failure, and the team returned full-time to use "Dallas" for the 1971–72 season. The team was put up for sale after missing the playoffs in the 1972–73 season. The team was acquired by a group of 36 San Antonio businessmen, led by Angelo Drossos and Red McCombs, who relocated the team to San Antonio, Texas and renamed it to Spurs. In 1976, the ABA folded, threatening the future of San Antonio's sole professional sports franchise. The NBA, however, decided to admit four ABA teams into the league, including the Spurs, along with the Denver Nuggets, the Indiana Pacers and the New York Nets. Question: Who is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs, who was traded by the raptors on December 9, 2013 to the Sacramento Kings ? Answer:

Rudy Carlton Gay Jr.

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Rasual Butler Rasual Butler (born May 23, 1979) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has previously played for the Miami Heat, New Orleans Hornets, Los Angeles Clippers, Chicago Bulls, Toronto Raptors, Indiana Pacers, Washington Wizards and San Antonio Spurs. He was born in Philadelphia, and raised in the Point Breeze area of South Philadelphia. ## George Hill (basketball) George Jesse Hill Jr. (born May 4, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA). While playing for Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) he received many honors, including Summit League 'Player of the Year' and was an 'Honorable Mention All-American' his junior season. He was selected 26th overall by the San Antonio Spurs in the 2008 NBA draft. ## 2013–14 Toronto Raptors season The 2013–14 Toronto Raptors season is the 19th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). In the offseason, they traded Andrea Bargnani away to the New York Knicks for Steve Novak, Quentin Richardson and Marcus Camby. Despite the trade, the Raptors were not expected to make the 2014 playoffs however, with a weak Atlantic Division they found themselves as contenders for the Atlantic Division title despite an early losing record. On December 9, 2013 the Raptors traded Rudy Gay, Quincy Acy, and Aaron Gray to the Sacramento Kings for John Salmons, Greivis Vásquez, Patrick Patterson, and Chuck Hayes. The Rudy Gay trade was marked as a turning point for the Raptors as they went on a 10-2 run from a 6-12 record maintaining their division lead and finishing the season with a 48-34 record qualifying for the playoffs for the first time since 2008. However, the Raptors were eliminated by the Brooklyn Nets in an intense seven game first round series. ## Kawhi Leonard Kawhi Anthony Leonard ( , born June 29, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played two seasons of college basketball for San Diego State University before being selected with the 15th overall pick in the 2011 NBA draft by the Indiana Pacers. He was then traded to San Antonio on draft night. Leonard won an NBA Championship with the Spurs in 2014 and was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. He is a two-time NBA Defensive Player of the Year, having won in 2015 and 2016, and is a two-time All-NBA First Team member. ## Tony Parker William Anthony Parker Jr. (born 17 May 1982) is a French professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The son of a professional basketball player, Parker played for two years in the French basketball league before entering the 2001 NBA draft. He was selected by the San Antonio Spurs with the 28th overall pick in the draft and quickly became their starting point guard. Parker has won four NBA Championships (2003, 2005, 2007, and 2014), all of which were with the Spurs. ## T. J. Ford Terrance Jerod "T. J." Ford (born March 24, 1983) is an American retired professional basketball player. Having been awarded numerous top basketball accolades in high school and college, Ford entered the 2003 NBA draft and was selected eighth overall by the Milwaukee Bucks. Ford's recurring back injuries resulted in him missing many games in his three seasons with the Bucks, but in 2005, it was announced that he was fit to play basketball again. Ford was traded to the Raptors prior to the 2006–07 NBA season, and established himself as the starting point guard, helping the team win the Atlantic Division crown and reach the 2007 NBA Playoffs. Following an injury sustained in the 2007–08 NBA season, however, Ford had difficulties reclaiming the starting spot and was traded to the Indiana Pacers. He signed with KK Zagreb of Croatia during the 2011 NBA lockout where he appeared in one game, playing 17 minutes and scoring 7 points. On December 9, 2011, Ford signed a contract with the San Antonio Spurs. ## Malik Hairston Malik Samory Hairston (born February 23, 1987) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Hapoel Jerusalem of the Israeli Premier League. A shooting guard-small forward from the University of Oregon's Ducks, he was chosen in the 2008 NBA draft by the Phoenix Suns, who then traded him to the San Antonio Spurs. Hairston has also played with the San Antonio Spurs, the Austin Toros (the Spurs' D-League affiliate), Montepaschi Siena and Olimpia Milano of the Italian League, and Galatasaray of the Turkish League. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. ## Rudy Gay Rudy Carlton Gay Jr. (born August 17, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The 6'8" small forward played college basketball for the University of Connecticut before being drafted eighth overall in the 2006 NBA draft by the Houston Rockets; he was traded to the Memphis Grizzlies days later. ## Brad Lohaus Bradley Allen "Brad" Lohaus (born September 29, 1964) is an American retired professional basketball player who was selected by the Boston Celtics in the second round (45th overall) of the 1987 NBA Draft. A 6'11" center-power forward from the University of Iowa, Lohaus played in eleven NBA seasons for eight different teams: the Celtics, Sacramento Kings, Minnesota Timberwolves, Milwaukee Bucks, Miami Heat, San Antonio Spurs, New York Knicks and Toronto Raptors. ## List of San Antonio Spurs head coaches The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas. They are a member of the Southwest Division of the Western Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The franchise was founded as the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association (ABA) in 1967. The team suffered from poor attendance and general disinterest by fans in Dallas, and the name "Dallas" was dropped in favor of "Texas" during the 1970–71 season in an attempt to make the team regional. This also proved to be a failure, and the team returned full-time to use "Dallas" for the 1971–72 season. The team was put up for sale after missing the playoffs in the 1972–73 season. The team was acquired by a group of 36 San Antonio businessmen, led by Angelo Drossos and Red McCombs, who relocated the team to San Antonio, Texas and renamed it to Spurs. In 1976, the ABA folded, threatening the future of San Antonio's sole professional sports franchise. The NBA, however, decided to admit four ABA teams into the league, including the Spurs, along with the Denver Nuggets, the Indiana Pacers and the New York Nets. Question: Who is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs, who was traded by the raptors on December 9, 2013 to the Sacramento Kings ? Answer: ### Response: Rudy Carlton Gay Jr.

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Israel in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Israel in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began in Amsterdam, Netherlands, at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2012. Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) a member organisation of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) were responsible for the selection process of their participation. The only representative to participate for the nation was Kids.il with the song "Let the Music Win", which finished in eighth place out of twelve participating entries, achieving a score of sixty-eight points. Israel withdrew from competing in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2013, and also sat out of the 2014 and 2015 contests. However, following their success at the 2015 and 2016 Eurovision Song Contests, IBA expressed an interest in making a return to competing at Junior Eurovision. It was announced on the 28 September 2016 that Israel would indeed return to the contest in 2016, with their entrant being selected internally. As of Junior Eurovision 2016, Israel have awarded the most points to Armenia and the Netherlands , and received the most points from Ukraine . ## Bulgaria in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Bulgaria in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began in Rotterdam, Netherlands, at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2007. Bulgarian National Television (BNT), a member organisation of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), have been responsible for the selection process of their participants, since their debut in 2007. The first representative to participate for the nation at the 2007 contest was Bon-Bon with the song "Bonbolandiya", which finished in seventh place out of seventeen participating entries, achieving a score of eighty-six points. There has been four absences from the competition, those being in 2009 , 2010 , 2012 and 2013 . Bulgaria's most recent return to the contest in 2014 proved to be successful, when Krisia, Hasan & Ibrahim represented them with the song "Planet of the Children", achieving one-hundred and forty-seven points and finishing in second place out of sixteen participating countries, the country's best ever result in a Eurovision competition. They hosted the contest at Arena Armeec in 2015 . On 11 June 2016, Lidia Ganeva won the national selection ""Decata na Bulgaria sa super"", earning the right to represent Bulgaria at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2016, in Valletta, Malta. Ganeva performed the internally selected song "Magical Day (Valsheben den)" at the contest. She received one-hundred and sixty-one points and therefore finished ninth out of seventeen participating countries. ## Australia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Australia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began in Sofia, Bulgaria, at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015. Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) an associate member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) was responsible for the selection process of their participants at the 2015 and 2016 contests, with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) taking over the country's participation from the 2017 contest. The first representative to participate for the nation at the 2015 contest was Bella Paige with the song "My Girls", which finished in eighth place out of seventeen participating entries, achieving a score of sixty-four points. Australia continued their participation at the 2016 contest, having internally selected Alexa Curtis with her song "We Are", which finished in fifth place, scoring 202 points; their best result to date. SBS previously broadcast every edition of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest on a broadcast delay. As of Junior Eurovision 2016, Australia have awarded the most points to Malta , and received the most points from Georgia . ## Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 Slovenia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 with the song "On My Way" written by Omar Naber. The song was performed by Omar Naber, who had previously represented Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest in 2005 where he failed to qualify to the final with the song "Stop". Slovenian broadcaster Radiotelevizija Slovenija (RTV Slovenija) organised the national selection "EMA 2017" in order to select the Slovenian entry for the 2017 contest in Kiev, Ukraine. After a two-week-long competition consisting of two semi-finals, and a final, "On My Way" performed by Omar Naber emerged as the winner after achieving the highest score following the combination of votes from a regional jury vote from six regions in Slovenia and a public vote. ## On My Way (Omar Naber song) "On My Way" is a song performed by Slovenian singer and songwriter Omar Naber. It represented Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017. Naber previously represented Slovenia in 2005, which coincidentally also took place in Kyiv, like the 2017 song contest; he performed the song "Stop", which failed to qualify for the final. The song was released as a digital download on 8 April 2017 by Universal Music. The song has peaked to number 12 in Slovenia. ## Universal Music Group Universal Music Group (also known in the United States as UMG Recordings, Inc. and abbreviated as UMG) is an American global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMG's global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California. It is considered one of the "Big Three" record labels, along with Sony Music and Warner Music Group. ## Kids Jury in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The use of a Kids' Jury in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest was first introduced at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2012, in Amsterdam, Netherlands, as part of a new voting system for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest following discussions between the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), KidsRights Foundation, and the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2012 host broadcaster Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep (AVRO). Three of the four spokespersons who announced the jury points at each annual contest were former winners of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest. As of 2016, the results of each country's Kids' Jury have been integrated with the adult jury to give out two sets of 1-8, 10, and 12 points per country. ## Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 was the thirteenth annual Junior Eurovision Song Contest, and took place, for the first time, in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian national broadcaster BNT was the host broadcaster for the event. The final took place on 21 November 2015 and was held at the Arena Armeec in Sofia. Poli Genova, a Bulgarian singer and former representative of Bulgaria in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 and the Eurovision Song Contest 2016, hosted the show. A total of seventeen countries participated, with Australia and Ireland making their debuts. Albania and Macedonia returned after being absent since the 2012 and 2013 contests, respectively. Croatia and Cyprus withdrew after returning in the 2014 edition , while Sweden withdrew for the first time since 2008. ## Portugal in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Portugal in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2006 which took place in Bucharest, Romania. Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP), a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), were responsible for the selection process of their participation. Portugal used a national selection format, broadcasting a show entitled ""Festival da Canção Junior"", for their participation at the contests. This was a junior version of Festival da Canção, the national music competition organised by broadcaster RTP to choose the Portuguese entry for the Eurovision Song Contest. The first representative to participate for the nation at the 2006 contest was Pedro Madeira with the song "Deixa-me sentir", which finished in second-last place out of fifteen participating entries, achieving a score of twenty-two points. Portugal withdrew from competing in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2008, and will return for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017 in Tbilisi, Georgia. ## Anri Jokhadze Anri Jokhadze (Georgian: ანრი ჯოხაძე ; born 6 November 1980) is a Georgian pop singer from Tbilisi who represented Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 with the song "I'm a Joker". The singer is a winner and laureate of 13 international contests. Prior to his appearance at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012, Anri Jokhadze has also represented Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 as a backing vocalist for Diana Gurtskaya and her song "Peace Will Come." Besides, he is the composer of the Georgian entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 2017, "Keep the Faith" sung by Tamara Gachechiladze. Question: What date did the American global music corporation release the song which was the 2017 Eurovision Song Contest representative of Slovenia? Answer:

8 April 2017

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Israel in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Israel in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began in Amsterdam, Netherlands, at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2012. Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) a member organisation of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) were responsible for the selection process of their participation. The only representative to participate for the nation was Kids.il with the song "Let the Music Win", which finished in eighth place out of twelve participating entries, achieving a score of sixty-eight points. Israel withdrew from competing in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2013, and also sat out of the 2014 and 2015 contests. However, following their success at the 2015 and 2016 Eurovision Song Contests, IBA expressed an interest in making a return to competing at Junior Eurovision. It was announced on the 28 September 2016 that Israel would indeed return to the contest in 2016, with their entrant being selected internally. As of Junior Eurovision 2016, Israel have awarded the most points to Armenia and the Netherlands , and received the most points from Ukraine . ## Bulgaria in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Bulgaria in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began in Rotterdam, Netherlands, at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2007. Bulgarian National Television (BNT), a member organisation of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), have been responsible for the selection process of their participants, since their debut in 2007. The first representative to participate for the nation at the 2007 contest was Bon-Bon with the song "Bonbolandiya", which finished in seventh place out of seventeen participating entries, achieving a score of eighty-six points. There has been four absences from the competition, those being in 2009 , 2010 , 2012 and 2013 . Bulgaria's most recent return to the contest in 2014 proved to be successful, when Krisia, Hasan & Ibrahim represented them with the song "Planet of the Children", achieving one-hundred and forty-seven points and finishing in second place out of sixteen participating countries, the country's best ever result in a Eurovision competition. They hosted the contest at Arena Armeec in 2015 . On 11 June 2016, Lidia Ganeva won the national selection ""Decata na Bulgaria sa super"", earning the right to represent Bulgaria at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2016, in Valletta, Malta. Ganeva performed the internally selected song "Magical Day (Valsheben den)" at the contest. She received one-hundred and sixty-one points and therefore finished ninth out of seventeen participating countries. ## Australia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Australia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began in Sofia, Bulgaria, at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015. Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) an associate member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) was responsible for the selection process of their participants at the 2015 and 2016 contests, with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) taking over the country's participation from the 2017 contest. The first representative to participate for the nation at the 2015 contest was Bella Paige with the song "My Girls", which finished in eighth place out of seventeen participating entries, achieving a score of sixty-four points. Australia continued their participation at the 2016 contest, having internally selected Alexa Curtis with her song "We Are", which finished in fifth place, scoring 202 points; their best result to date. SBS previously broadcast every edition of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest on a broadcast delay. As of Junior Eurovision 2016, Australia have awarded the most points to Malta , and received the most points from Georgia . ## Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 Slovenia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 with the song "On My Way" written by Omar Naber. The song was performed by Omar Naber, who had previously represented Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest in 2005 where he failed to qualify to the final with the song "Stop". Slovenian broadcaster Radiotelevizija Slovenija (RTV Slovenija) organised the national selection "EMA 2017" in order to select the Slovenian entry for the 2017 contest in Kiev, Ukraine. After a two-week-long competition consisting of two semi-finals, and a final, "On My Way" performed by Omar Naber emerged as the winner after achieving the highest score following the combination of votes from a regional jury vote from six regions in Slovenia and a public vote. ## On My Way (Omar Naber song) "On My Way" is a song performed by Slovenian singer and songwriter Omar Naber. It represented Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017. Naber previously represented Slovenia in 2005, which coincidentally also took place in Kyiv, like the 2017 song contest; he performed the song "Stop", which failed to qualify for the final. The song was released as a digital download on 8 April 2017 by Universal Music. The song has peaked to number 12 in Slovenia. ## Universal Music Group Universal Music Group (also known in the United States as UMG Recordings, Inc. and abbreviated as UMG) is an American global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMG's global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California. It is considered one of the "Big Three" record labels, along with Sony Music and Warner Music Group. ## Kids Jury in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The use of a Kids' Jury in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest was first introduced at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2012, in Amsterdam, Netherlands, as part of a new voting system for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest following discussions between the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), KidsRights Foundation, and the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2012 host broadcaster Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep (AVRO). Three of the four spokespersons who announced the jury points at each annual contest were former winners of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest. As of 2016, the results of each country's Kids' Jury have been integrated with the adult jury to give out two sets of 1-8, 10, and 12 points per country. ## Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 was the thirteenth annual Junior Eurovision Song Contest, and took place, for the first time, in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian national broadcaster BNT was the host broadcaster for the event. The final took place on 21 November 2015 and was held at the Arena Armeec in Sofia. Poli Genova, a Bulgarian singer and former representative of Bulgaria in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 and the Eurovision Song Contest 2016, hosted the show. A total of seventeen countries participated, with Australia and Ireland making their debuts. Albania and Macedonia returned after being absent since the 2012 and 2013 contests, respectively. Croatia and Cyprus withdrew after returning in the 2014 edition , while Sweden withdrew for the first time since 2008. ## Portugal in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest The participation of Portugal in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2006 which took place in Bucharest, Romania. Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP), a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), were responsible for the selection process of their participation. Portugal used a national selection format, broadcasting a show entitled ""Festival da Canção Junior"", for their participation at the contests. This was a junior version of Festival da Canção, the national music competition organised by broadcaster RTP to choose the Portuguese entry for the Eurovision Song Contest. The first representative to participate for the nation at the 2006 contest was Pedro Madeira with the song "Deixa-me sentir", which finished in second-last place out of fifteen participating entries, achieving a score of twenty-two points. Portugal withdrew from competing in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2008, and will return for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017 in Tbilisi, Georgia. ## Anri Jokhadze Anri Jokhadze (Georgian: ანრი ჯოხაძე ; born 6 November 1980) is a Georgian pop singer from Tbilisi who represented Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 with the song "I'm a Joker". The singer is a winner and laureate of 13 international contests. Prior to his appearance at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012, Anri Jokhadze has also represented Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 as a backing vocalist for Diana Gurtskaya and her song "Peace Will Come." Besides, he is the composer of the Georgian entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 2017, "Keep the Faith" sung by Tamara Gachechiladze. Question: What date did the American global music corporation release the song which was the 2017 Eurovision Song Contest representative of Slovenia? Answer: ### Response: 8 April 2017

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## John Brim John Charles Brim (April 10, 1922 – October 1, 2003) was an American Chicago blues guitarist, songwriter and singer. He wrote and recorded the song "Ice Cream Man" (later covered by the band Van Halen on its first album, by Martin Sexton on his 2001 album, "Live Wide Open", by David Lee Roth on his album "Diamond Dave" and by Swedish band FJK as "Isglasskis"). ## William Lychack William Lychack is an American writer. He wrote the novel, "The Wasp Eater", and a collection of stories, "The Architect of Flowers". His work has appeared in "The Pushcart Prize", "The Best American Short Stories", "Ascent", "Ploughshares", "The Southern Review", "The Seattle Review", "The Missouri Review", "The American Scholar" and Public Radio's "This American Life". He has published children's books, corporate histories, and has worked as a teacher, editor, speechwriter, ghostwriter, journalist, lifeguard, carpenter, bartender, janitor, Mr. Softee Ice Cream Man, and a Judo instructor . ## Ice Cream Man (business) Ice Cream Man is a business entity whose stated goal is to give away 500,000 free units of ice cream throughout the United States. Since its founding in 2004, Ice Cream Man has given away approximately 300,000 units of ice cream. In the process the organization has become a fixture at music festivals across the United States. As of November 2010, Ice Cream Man has over 100 volunteers committed to the idea of free ice cream for all. ## Fred Claus Fred Claus is a 2007 American fantasy comedy family film directed by David Dobkin, written by Dan Fogelman and Jessie Nelson, and starring Vince Vaughn and Paul Giamatti. The film was released on November 9, 2007 in the US and later released in the UK on November 30, 2007 by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is loosely based on the poem "A legend of Santa and his brother Fred" written by Donald Henkel. ## Katri Lipson Katri Lipson (born 1965) is a Finnish writer. She studied medicine at Uppsala University, graduating in 1993. Since then, she has worked as a doctor in Scandinavia and Africa. Her debut novel "Cosmonaut" ("Kosmonautti", 2008) was shortlisted for the Finlandia Prize in 2008 and won the Helsingin Sanomat Debut Book of the Year Award that same year. Her second novel "The Ice Cream Man" ("Jäätelökauppias", 2012) won the EU Prize for Literature in 2013. The novel—that takes place in former Czechoslovakia—was published in the Czech language in 2014. ## Living Legend: Certified D-Boy Living Legend: Certified D-Boy is an independent album by Master P under his new imprint, Guttar Music. It released on November 29, 2005 and saw Master P make a return to his "Ice Cream Man" persona. Although he released the album "Ghetto Bill" earlier that year, he released this album to raise relief funds for the victims of Hurricane Katrina. It has independently sold over 75,000 copies on Sound Scan and includes the single "Cookie Money," featuring P's cousin and fellow New No Limit/Guttar Music rapper Black. ## Ice Cream Man (film) Ice Cream Man is a 1995 horror comedy film produced and directed by Norman Apstein, in his first and only attempt at mainstream filmmaking, written by Sven Davison and David Dobkin (who later wrote and directed the films "Wedding Crashers" and "Fred Claus"), and stars Clint Howard. The film made for an estimated $2 million budget, disappeared quickly after its release, but in recent years has developed a cult following among viewers who see it as an unintentional comedy, and enjoy it for its unintentionally campy production values. Joe Bob Briggs hosted the film on TNT, when it was shown on MonsterVision and Howard made an appearance, discussing the film with Briggs. It was released on DVD in 2004. ## Ice Cream Man (album) Ice Cream Man is the fifth studio album by New Orleans rapper Master P. It was set to be released in the summer of '95 after he signed a deal with Priority. He released it in the spring of '96. It was released on April 16, 1996. "Ice Cream Man" was placed at No. 6 on the "Billboard"'s R&B Albums and No. 26 on the "Billboard" 200. It was Master P's and No Limit Record's first ever RIAA platinum certified album. The track "The Ghetto Won't Change" was not included on the 2005 re-issue. As of 2009, the album has sold 1,640,000 copies in the United States. ## Mr. Ice Cream Man "Mr. Ice Cream Man" is the first single from Master P's album "Ice Cream Man". The single reached number 90 on the Billboard Hot 100 and it features Silkk the Shocker. The single was produced by both K-Lou. ## Bacon ice cream Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture. The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series "The Two Ronnies" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day. Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes. It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants. Question: Ice Cream Man was created by the director of the 2007 fantasy comedy film starring which two actors? Answer:

Vince Vaughn and Paul Giamatti

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## John Brim John Charles Brim (April 10, 1922 – October 1, 2003) was an American Chicago blues guitarist, songwriter and singer. He wrote and recorded the song "Ice Cream Man" (later covered by the band Van Halen on its first album, by Martin Sexton on his 2001 album, "Live Wide Open", by David Lee Roth on his album "Diamond Dave" and by Swedish band FJK as "Isglasskis"). ## William Lychack William Lychack is an American writer. He wrote the novel, "The Wasp Eater", and a collection of stories, "The Architect of Flowers". His work has appeared in "The Pushcart Prize", "The Best American Short Stories", "Ascent", "Ploughshares", "The Southern Review", "The Seattle Review", "The Missouri Review", "The American Scholar" and Public Radio's "This American Life". He has published children's books, corporate histories, and has worked as a teacher, editor, speechwriter, ghostwriter, journalist, lifeguard, carpenter, bartender, janitor, Mr. Softee Ice Cream Man, and a Judo instructor . ## Ice Cream Man (business) Ice Cream Man is a business entity whose stated goal is to give away 500,000 free units of ice cream throughout the United States. Since its founding in 2004, Ice Cream Man has given away approximately 300,000 units of ice cream. In the process the organization has become a fixture at music festivals across the United States. As of November 2010, Ice Cream Man has over 100 volunteers committed to the idea of free ice cream for all. ## Fred Claus Fred Claus is a 2007 American fantasy comedy family film directed by David Dobkin, written by Dan Fogelman and Jessie Nelson, and starring Vince Vaughn and Paul Giamatti. The film was released on November 9, 2007 in the US and later released in the UK on November 30, 2007 by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is loosely based on the poem "A legend of Santa and his brother Fred" written by Donald Henkel. ## Katri Lipson Katri Lipson (born 1965) is a Finnish writer. She studied medicine at Uppsala University, graduating in 1993. Since then, she has worked as a doctor in Scandinavia and Africa. Her debut novel "Cosmonaut" ("Kosmonautti", 2008) was shortlisted for the Finlandia Prize in 2008 and won the Helsingin Sanomat Debut Book of the Year Award that same year. Her second novel "The Ice Cream Man" ("Jäätelökauppias", 2012) won the EU Prize for Literature in 2013. The novel—that takes place in former Czechoslovakia—was published in the Czech language in 2014. ## Living Legend: Certified D-Boy Living Legend: Certified D-Boy is an independent album by Master P under his new imprint, Guttar Music. It released on November 29, 2005 and saw Master P make a return to his "Ice Cream Man" persona. Although he released the album "Ghetto Bill" earlier that year, he released this album to raise relief funds for the victims of Hurricane Katrina. It has independently sold over 75,000 copies on Sound Scan and includes the single "Cookie Money," featuring P's cousin and fellow New No Limit/Guttar Music rapper Black. ## Ice Cream Man (film) Ice Cream Man is a 1995 horror comedy film produced and directed by Norman Apstein, in his first and only attempt at mainstream filmmaking, written by Sven Davison and David Dobkin (who later wrote and directed the films "Wedding Crashers" and "Fred Claus"), and stars Clint Howard. The film made for an estimated $2 million budget, disappeared quickly after its release, but in recent years has developed a cult following among viewers who see it as an unintentional comedy, and enjoy it for its unintentionally campy production values. Joe Bob Briggs hosted the film on TNT, when it was shown on MonsterVision and Howard made an appearance, discussing the film with Briggs. It was released on DVD in 2004. ## Ice Cream Man (album) Ice Cream Man is the fifth studio album by New Orleans rapper Master P. It was set to be released in the summer of '95 after he signed a deal with Priority. He released it in the spring of '96. It was released on April 16, 1996. "Ice Cream Man" was placed at No. 6 on the "Billboard"'s R&B Albums and No. 26 on the "Billboard" 200. It was Master P's and No Limit Record's first ever RIAA platinum certified album. The track "The Ghetto Won't Change" was not included on the 2005 re-issue. As of 2009, the album has sold 1,640,000 copies in the United States. ## Mr. Ice Cream Man "Mr. Ice Cream Man" is the first single from Master P's album "Ice Cream Man". The single reached number 90 on the Billboard Hot 100 and it features Silkk the Shocker. The single was produced by both K-Lou. ## Bacon ice cream Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture. The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series "The Two Ronnies" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day. Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes. It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants. Question: Ice Cream Man was created by the director of the 2007 fantasy comedy film starring which two actors? Answer: ### Response: Vince Vaughn and Paul Giamatti

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Isomalt Isomalt is a sugar substitute, a type of sugar alcohol used primarily for its sugar-like physical properties. It has little to no impact on blood sugar levels, and does not stimulate the release of insulin. It also does not promote tooth decay, i.e. is tooth-friendly. Its energy value is 2 kcal/g, half that of sugars. However, like most sugar alcohols, it carries a risk of gastric distress, including flatulence and diarrhea, when consumed in large quantities (above about 20-30 g per day). Isomalt may prove upsetting to the intestinal tract because it is incompletely absorbed in the small intestine, and when polyols pass into the large intestine, they can cause osmotically induced diarrhea and stimulate the gut flora, causing flatulence. As with other dietary fibers, regular consumption of isomalt can lead to desensitisation, decreasing the risk of intestinal upset. Isomalt can be blended with high-intensity sweeteners such as sucralose, giving a mixture that has the same sweetness as sugar. ## Arbella Arbella or Arabella was the flagship of the Winthrop Fleet on which Governor John Winthrop, other members of the Company (including Dr. William Gager), and Puritan emigrants transported themselves and the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company from England to Salem between April 8 and June 12, 1630, thereby giving legal birth to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. During this adventure, the ship is said to have carried three times as much alcohol as water. The charter recorded around 10,000 gallons of wine on board for the personal supply of the crew and its passengers, and they had consumed almost all of it in six weeks time. John Winthrop is reputed to have given the famous "A Model of Christian Charity" sermon aboard the ship. Also on board was Anne Bradstreet, the first European female poet to be published from the New World, and her family. ## Cocks &amp; Féret Cocks & Féret or simply Féret, is the colloquial name of a Bordeaux wine directory originally created by Charles Cocks and Michel-Édouard Féret in 1846, which was published under the name "Bordeaux, its Wines and the Claret Country" and translated into French and published as the first edition of "Bordeaux et ses vins" in 1850. It is regarded as the classic reference work on Bordeaux wines, and is to date considered the most comprehensive information source on Bordeaux' wineries. ## Ryde (film) A new ride share service app called RYDE is taking over what used to be the Taxi industry. It's cheaper and has more of a "friend giving you a ride" type of feel. With so many people using this fun new platform, how safe is it? When a PSYCHOPATH takes over the identity of a Ryde driver, everyone who uses this app will be at the mercy of this maniac. Getting a RYDE is as simple as a few clicks away, but getting out alive won't be so easy. ## Falanghina Falanghina, also called Falanghina Greco, is a variety of wine grape, "Vitis vinifera," used for white wines. It is an ancient grape variety which may have provided a basis for the classical Falernian wine, and has considerable character. It is cultivated on the coast of Campania north of Naples, and frequently consumed in southern Italy along with seafood. The name for the wine appears to derive from the Latin "falangae", or stakes for supporting the grapes in a vineyard. In November 2014 Falanghina was approved as a recognized varietal by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau for use in the United States. ## Barney Gumble Barnard "Barney" Gumble is a fictional character on the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". The character is voiced by Dan Castellaneta and first appeared in the series premiere episode "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire". He is the town drunk of Springfield and Homer Simpson's best friend. His desperation for alcohol is a frequent butt of jokes on the show. Barney sobered up in the episode "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses", which was co-written by Castellaneta, and stayed sober for several seasons. Barney was inspired by the cartoon character Barney Rubble from "The Flintstones" and by several barflies from other television programs. In 2004, Castellaneta won an Emmy Award for voicing various characters, including Barney. ## Days of Wine and D'oh'ses "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses" is the eighteenth episode of the eleventh season of the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 9, 2000. In the episode, Barney realizes how much of a pathetic drunk he is after watching his birthday party video and decides to give up alcohol forever, which does not sit well with his friend Homer. Meanwhile, Bart and Lisa work together to take a memorable photo for a new phone book cover contest. The episode was written by cast member Dan Castellaneta and his wife Deb Lacusta. Several staff members opposed the idea of Barney becoming sober because they did not think a sober Barney would be funny. Several critics, including Chris Turner, have also criticized the character's change. ## Gaglioppo Gaglioppo is a red wine grape that is grown in southern Italy, primarily around Calabria. The vine performs well in drought conditions but is susceptible to oidium and peronospora. The grape produces wine that is full-bodied, high in alcohol and tannins with a need for considerable time in the bottle for it to soften in character. It is sometimes blended with up to 10% white wine. ## Blatina Blatina is red wine grape variety primarily grown in the Herzegovina region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has a functional female flower (auto-sterile), and for that reason it is always cultivated in plantations with other varieties such as Alicante bouschet (Kambuša), Merlot, and Trnjak, which at the same time pollinate Blatina. During the period of insemination, because of the rain, it can fail in giving fruits, and it is then called "praznobačva" (empty barrel). Blatina can produce dry red wine with 12 to 13.5% of alcohol, 5 to 7 g/l of total acidity, 25-32 g/l of extract. It has a dark ruby red color. ## Homer Simpson Homer Jay Simpson is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the American animated television series "The Simpsons" as the patriarch of the eponymous family. He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta and first appeared on television, along with the rest of his family, in "The Tracey Ullman Show" short "Good Night" on April 19, 1987. Homer was created and designed by cartoonist Matt Groening while he was waiting in the lobby of James L. Brooks' office. Groening had been called to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic strip "Life in Hell" but instead decided to create a new set of characters. He named the character after his father, Homer Groening. After appearing for three seasons on "The Tracey Ullman Show", the Simpson family got their own series on Fox that debuted December 17, 1989. Question: Who created the character in "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses" that was upset about his friend giving up alcohol? Answer:

Matt Groening

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Isomalt Isomalt is a sugar substitute, a type of sugar alcohol used primarily for its sugar-like physical properties. It has little to no impact on blood sugar levels, and does not stimulate the release of insulin. It also does not promote tooth decay, i.e. is tooth-friendly. Its energy value is 2 kcal/g, half that of sugars. However, like most sugar alcohols, it carries a risk of gastric distress, including flatulence and diarrhea, when consumed in large quantities (above about 20-30 g per day). Isomalt may prove upsetting to the intestinal tract because it is incompletely absorbed in the small intestine, and when polyols pass into the large intestine, they can cause osmotically induced diarrhea and stimulate the gut flora, causing flatulence. As with other dietary fibers, regular consumption of isomalt can lead to desensitisation, decreasing the risk of intestinal upset. Isomalt can be blended with high-intensity sweeteners such as sucralose, giving a mixture that has the same sweetness as sugar. ## Arbella Arbella or Arabella was the flagship of the Winthrop Fleet on which Governor John Winthrop, other members of the Company (including Dr. William Gager), and Puritan emigrants transported themselves and the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company from England to Salem between April 8 and June 12, 1630, thereby giving legal birth to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. During this adventure, the ship is said to have carried three times as much alcohol as water. The charter recorded around 10,000 gallons of wine on board for the personal supply of the crew and its passengers, and they had consumed almost all of it in six weeks time. John Winthrop is reputed to have given the famous "A Model of Christian Charity" sermon aboard the ship. Also on board was Anne Bradstreet, the first European female poet to be published from the New World, and her family. ## Cocks &amp; Féret Cocks & Féret or simply Féret, is the colloquial name of a Bordeaux wine directory originally created by Charles Cocks and Michel-Édouard Féret in 1846, which was published under the name "Bordeaux, its Wines and the Claret Country" and translated into French and published as the first edition of "Bordeaux et ses vins" in 1850. It is regarded as the classic reference work on Bordeaux wines, and is to date considered the most comprehensive information source on Bordeaux' wineries. ## Ryde (film) A new ride share service app called RYDE is taking over what used to be the Taxi industry. It's cheaper and has more of a "friend giving you a ride" type of feel. With so many people using this fun new platform, how safe is it? When a PSYCHOPATH takes over the identity of a Ryde driver, everyone who uses this app will be at the mercy of this maniac. Getting a RYDE is as simple as a few clicks away, but getting out alive won't be so easy. ## Falanghina Falanghina, also called Falanghina Greco, is a variety of wine grape, "Vitis vinifera," used for white wines. It is an ancient grape variety which may have provided a basis for the classical Falernian wine, and has considerable character. It is cultivated on the coast of Campania north of Naples, and frequently consumed in southern Italy along with seafood. The name for the wine appears to derive from the Latin "falangae", or stakes for supporting the grapes in a vineyard. In November 2014 Falanghina was approved as a recognized varietal by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau for use in the United States. ## Barney Gumble Barnard "Barney" Gumble is a fictional character on the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". The character is voiced by Dan Castellaneta and first appeared in the series premiere episode "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire". He is the town drunk of Springfield and Homer Simpson's best friend. His desperation for alcohol is a frequent butt of jokes on the show. Barney sobered up in the episode "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses", which was co-written by Castellaneta, and stayed sober for several seasons. Barney was inspired by the cartoon character Barney Rubble from "The Flintstones" and by several barflies from other television programs. In 2004, Castellaneta won an Emmy Award for voicing various characters, including Barney. ## Days of Wine and D'oh'ses "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses" is the eighteenth episode of the eleventh season of the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 9, 2000. In the episode, Barney realizes how much of a pathetic drunk he is after watching his birthday party video and decides to give up alcohol forever, which does not sit well with his friend Homer. Meanwhile, Bart and Lisa work together to take a memorable photo for a new phone book cover contest. The episode was written by cast member Dan Castellaneta and his wife Deb Lacusta. Several staff members opposed the idea of Barney becoming sober because they did not think a sober Barney would be funny. Several critics, including Chris Turner, have also criticized the character's change. ## Gaglioppo Gaglioppo is a red wine grape that is grown in southern Italy, primarily around Calabria. The vine performs well in drought conditions but is susceptible to oidium and peronospora. The grape produces wine that is full-bodied, high in alcohol and tannins with a need for considerable time in the bottle for it to soften in character. It is sometimes blended with up to 10% white wine. ## Blatina Blatina is red wine grape variety primarily grown in the Herzegovina region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has a functional female flower (auto-sterile), and for that reason it is always cultivated in plantations with other varieties such as Alicante bouschet (Kambuša), Merlot, and Trnjak, which at the same time pollinate Blatina. During the period of insemination, because of the rain, it can fail in giving fruits, and it is then called "praznobačva" (empty barrel). Blatina can produce dry red wine with 12 to 13.5% of alcohol, 5 to 7 g/l of total acidity, 25-32 g/l of extract. It has a dark ruby red color. ## Homer Simpson Homer Jay Simpson is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the American animated television series "The Simpsons" as the patriarch of the eponymous family. He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta and first appeared on television, along with the rest of his family, in "The Tracey Ullman Show" short "Good Night" on April 19, 1987. Homer was created and designed by cartoonist Matt Groening while he was waiting in the lobby of James L. Brooks' office. Groening had been called to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic strip "Life in Hell" but instead decided to create a new set of characters. He named the character after his father, Homer Groening. After appearing for three seasons on "The Tracey Ullman Show", the Simpson family got their own series on Fox that debuted December 17, 1989. Question: Who created the character in "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses" that was upset about his friend giving up alcohol? Answer: ### Response: Matt Groening

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Troubling a Star Troubling a Star (ISBN  ) is the last full-length novel in the Austin family series by Madeleine L'Engle. The young adult suspense thriller, published in 1994, reunites L'Engle's most frequent protagonist, Vicky Austin, with Adam Eddington, both of whom become enmeshed in international intrigue as they travel separately to Antarctica. The story takes place several months after the end of "A Ring of Endless Light", the novel in which Vicky and Adam first met. ## Madeleine L'Engle Madeleine L'Engle ( ; Camp, November 29, 1918 – September 6, 2007 ) was an American writer who wrote young adult fiction, including "A Wrinkle in Time" and its sequels: "A Wind in the Door", "A Swiftly Tilting Planet", "Many Waters" and "An Acceptable Time". Her works reflect both her Christian faith and her strong interest in science. ## A Ring of Endless Light (film) A Ring of Endless Light is a 2002 Disney Channel Original Movie based on the Madeleine L'Engle book of the same name filmed on location in Australia, and starring Mischa Barton in the main lead role. It is one of two Disney adaptations of novels by Madeleine L'Engle, the other being "A Wrinkle in Time". In the U.S. it was aired on August 23, 2002. ## A Live Coal in the Sea A Live Coal in the Sea, written by Madeleine L'Engle and published in 1996, is the sequel to "Camilla Dickinson" (also published as "Camilla"), one of L'Engle's earliest novels. While "Camilla Dickinson" was written for a young adult audience, "A Live Coal in the Sea" is an adult novel. It continues the story of Camilla Dickinson as a college student, her marriage, her family and the problems that follow. The story is told by an aged Camilla to her granddaughter, who is seeking answers about her family. ## A Wind in the Door A Wind in the Door is a young adult science fantasy novel by Madeleine L'Engle. It is a companion book to "A Wrinkle in Time", and part of the Time Quintet. ## A Wrinkle in Time A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle, first published in 1963, and in 1979 with illustrations by Leo and Diane Dillon. The book won the Newbery Medal, Sequoyah Book Award, and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award, and was runner-up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award. It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet, which follows the Murry and O'Keefe families. ## The Arm of the Starfish The Arm of the Starfish is a young adult novel by Madeleine L'Engle, first published in 1965. It is the first novel featuring Polly O'Keefe and the O'Keefe family, a generation after the events of "A Wrinkle in Time" (1962). The plot concerning advanced regeneration research puts this novel in the science fiction genre, but it could also be described as a mystery thriller. ## Dan Simmons Dan Simmons (born April 4, 1948) is an American science fiction and horror writer. He is the author of the Hyperion Cantos and the Ilium/Olympos cycles, among other works which span the science fiction, horror, and fantasy genres, sometimes within a single novel. A typical example of Simmons' intermingling of genres is "Song of Kali" (1985), winner of World Fantasy Award. He also writes mysteries and thrillers, some of which feature the continuing character Joe Kurtz. ## Calvin O'Keefe Calvin O'Keefe is a major character in Madeleine L'Engle's "Time Quartet" series of books, and, as "Dr. Calvin O'Keefe", an important character in her O'Keefe series of young adult novels. In an interview released on the DVD of the TV adaptation of "A Wrinkle in Time", L'Engle describes Calvin as "the boy that we all, all us girls want to meet. Not all of us are lucky enough to meet a Calvin, but I was. And I married mine." ## Charles Wallace Murry Charles Wallace Murry is a major character in Madeleine L'Engle's Time Quintet series of young adult science fiction novels. He is first introduced in L'Engle's "A Wrinkle in Time" as the youngest sibling of the protagonist, Meg Murry, and accompanying her on her adventures alongside Calvin O'Keefe. Question: Which writer, Dan Simmons or Madeleine L'Engle, is known for young adult fiction, including "A Wrinkle in Time"? Answer:

Madeleine L'Engle

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Troubling a Star Troubling a Star (ISBN  ) is the last full-length novel in the Austin family series by Madeleine L'Engle. The young adult suspense thriller, published in 1994, reunites L'Engle's most frequent protagonist, Vicky Austin, with Adam Eddington, both of whom become enmeshed in international intrigue as they travel separately to Antarctica. The story takes place several months after the end of "A Ring of Endless Light", the novel in which Vicky and Adam first met. ## Madeleine L'Engle Madeleine L'Engle ( ; Camp, November 29, 1918 – September 6, 2007 ) was an American writer who wrote young adult fiction, including "A Wrinkle in Time" and its sequels: "A Wind in the Door", "A Swiftly Tilting Planet", "Many Waters" and "An Acceptable Time". Her works reflect both her Christian faith and her strong interest in science. ## A Ring of Endless Light (film) A Ring of Endless Light is a 2002 Disney Channel Original Movie based on the Madeleine L'Engle book of the same name filmed on location in Australia, and starring Mischa Barton in the main lead role. It is one of two Disney adaptations of novels by Madeleine L'Engle, the other being "A Wrinkle in Time". In the U.S. it was aired on August 23, 2002. ## A Live Coal in the Sea A Live Coal in the Sea, written by Madeleine L'Engle and published in 1996, is the sequel to "Camilla Dickinson" (also published as "Camilla"), one of L'Engle's earliest novels. While "Camilla Dickinson" was written for a young adult audience, "A Live Coal in the Sea" is an adult novel. It continues the story of Camilla Dickinson as a college student, her marriage, her family and the problems that follow. The story is told by an aged Camilla to her granddaughter, who is seeking answers about her family. ## A Wind in the Door A Wind in the Door is a young adult science fantasy novel by Madeleine L'Engle. It is a companion book to "A Wrinkle in Time", and part of the Time Quintet. ## A Wrinkle in Time A Wrinkle in Time is a science fantasy novel written by American writer Madeleine L'Engle, first published in 1963, and in 1979 with illustrations by Leo and Diane Dillon. The book won the Newbery Medal, Sequoyah Book Award, and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award, and was runner-up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award. It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet, which follows the Murry and O'Keefe families. ## The Arm of the Starfish The Arm of the Starfish is a young adult novel by Madeleine L'Engle, first published in 1965. It is the first novel featuring Polly O'Keefe and the O'Keefe family, a generation after the events of "A Wrinkle in Time" (1962). The plot concerning advanced regeneration research puts this novel in the science fiction genre, but it could also be described as a mystery thriller. ## Dan Simmons Dan Simmons (born April 4, 1948) is an American science fiction and horror writer. He is the author of the Hyperion Cantos and the Ilium/Olympos cycles, among other works which span the science fiction, horror, and fantasy genres, sometimes within a single novel. A typical example of Simmons' intermingling of genres is "Song of Kali" (1985), winner of World Fantasy Award. He also writes mysteries and thrillers, some of which feature the continuing character Joe Kurtz. ## Calvin O'Keefe Calvin O'Keefe is a major character in Madeleine L'Engle's "Time Quartet" series of books, and, as "Dr. Calvin O'Keefe", an important character in her O'Keefe series of young adult novels. In an interview released on the DVD of the TV adaptation of "A Wrinkle in Time", L'Engle describes Calvin as "the boy that we all, all us girls want to meet. Not all of us are lucky enough to meet a Calvin, but I was. And I married mine." ## Charles Wallace Murry Charles Wallace Murry is a major character in Madeleine L'Engle's Time Quintet series of young adult science fiction novels. He is first introduced in L'Engle's "A Wrinkle in Time" as the youngest sibling of the protagonist, Meg Murry, and accompanying her on her adventures alongside Calvin O'Keefe. Question: Which writer, Dan Simmons or Madeleine L'Engle, is known for young adult fiction, including "A Wrinkle in Time"? Answer: ### Response: Madeleine L'Engle

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Electoral history of George McGovern George McGovern, a Democratic Party politician from South Dakota, was first elected to the United States House of Representatives to represent South Dakota's 1st congressional district in 1956. He was re-elected in 1958, before making an unsuccessful run for the United States Senate in 1960 against Republican incumbent Karl Earl Mundt. After serving in the John F. Kennedy administration as director of the Food for Peace program, McGovern ran again for the Senate and narrowly prevailed over appointed Senator Joseph H. Bottum. In 1968, McGovern unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party's presidential nomination at the Democratic National Convention and was re-elected to the Senate over former Governor of South Dakota Archie M. Gubbrud. In 1972, McGovern was successful in his campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, but lost the election in a landslide to incumbent President Richard Nixon. McGovern was re-elected to the Senate in 1974 over Vietnam War veteran Leo K. Thorsness, but lost re-election in 1980 to then-U.S. Representative James Abdnor. McGovern made a final unsuccessful run for president in United States presidential election, 1984. ## United States Senate election in Montana, 1930 The 1930 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 4, 1930. Incumbent United States Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who was first elected to the Senate in 1912, and re-elected in 1918 and 1924, ran for re-election. He won the Democratic primary unopposed, and faced Montana Supreme Court Associate Justice Albert J. Galen, the Republican nominee, and several independent opponents in the general election. Ultimately, Walsh defeated his opponents in a landslide and won his fourth and final term in the Senate. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1980 The 1980 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1980. Incumbent Governor of Montana Thomas Lee Judge, who was first elected in 1972 and was re-elected in 1976, ran for re-election. However, he faced a stiff challenge in the Democratic primary from his lieutenant governor, Ted Schwinden, and he ultimately lost renomination. Schwinden, advancing to the general election, faced Jack Ramirez, the Minority Leader of the Montana House of Representatives and the Republican nominee. Despite the fact that Ronald Reagan, the Republican presidential nominee, won the state in a landslide that year, Schwinden managed to comfortably defeat Ramirez to win his first of two terms as governor. ## Richard Cranwell Charles Richard ('Dick' or 'Dickie') Cranwell (born July 26, 1942 in Ceredo-Kenova, West Virginia) is an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1972–2001, and was its Democratic floor leader 1991–2001. From 2005 to 2010, he was chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1996 The 1996 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1996. Incumbent Governor of Montana Marc Racicot, who was first elected in 1992, ran for re-election. After winning the Republican primary against a conservative activist, he moved on to the general election, where he was set to face Chet Blaylock, a former State Senator and the Democratic nominee. However, on October 23, 1996, Blaylock died of a heart attack, and the Montana Democratic Party selected his running mate, State Senator Judy Jacobson, to replace him as the gubernatorial nominee, and she therefore appeared on the ballot as both the gubernatorial nominee and the lieutenant gubernatorial nominee. Ultimately, however, Racicot was able to defeat Jacobson in a landslide to win re-election to his second and final term as governor. ## California State Senate election, 2008 The 2008 California State Senate elections took place on November 4, 2008. Voters in California's odd-numbered State Senate districts, a total of 20, voted for their state senators. No seats changed parties and the Democratic Party party maintained its 25-seat majority, while the Republican Party held 15 seats. Other elections also took place in California on November 4. ## United States Senate election in Arizona, 1980 The 1980 United States Senate election in Arizona took place on November 4, 1980. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater decided to run for reelection to a third consecutive term, after returning to the U.S. Senate in 1968 following his failed Presidential run in 1964 against Lyndon B. Johnson. Goldwater defeated Democratic Party nominee Bill Schulz in the general election, but only by a narrow margin, which later caused Goldwater to decide against running for reelection to a fourth consecutive term. ## Thomas J. Walsh Thomas James Walsh (June 12, 1859March 2, 1933) was an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician from Helena, Montana who represented Montana in the United States Senate from 1913 to 1933. He had a national reputation as a liberal and was President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt's choice as Attorney General when he died. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1924 The 1924 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1924. Incumbent Governor of Montana Joseph M. Dixon, who was first elected governor in 1920, ran for re-election. Dixon won a competitive Republican primary, and moved on to the general election, where he faced John E. Erickson, a former district court judge and the Democratic nominee; and Frank J. Edwards, the 1916 Republican nominee for governor and the Farmer–Labor Party nominee. Ultimately, Erickson managed to defeat Dixon in his bid for re-election, winning what would be the first of three terms as governor. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1916 The 1916 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1916. Incumbent Governor of Montana Sam V. Stewart, who was first elected governor in 1912, ran for re-election. After comfortably winning the Democratic primary, he advanced to the general election, where he faced Frank J. Edwards, the former Mayor of Helena, who narrowly emerged victorious in a close Republican primary. Benefitting from then-President Woodrow Wilson's landslide victory in Montana in the presidential election that year, Stewart narrowly won re-election to his second and final term as governor. Question: Who did an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician from Helena, Montana run against in an election in Montana that took place on November 4, 1930 ? Answer:

Albert J. Galen

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Electoral history of George McGovern George McGovern, a Democratic Party politician from South Dakota, was first elected to the United States House of Representatives to represent South Dakota's 1st congressional district in 1956. He was re-elected in 1958, before making an unsuccessful run for the United States Senate in 1960 against Republican incumbent Karl Earl Mundt. After serving in the John F. Kennedy administration as director of the Food for Peace program, McGovern ran again for the Senate and narrowly prevailed over appointed Senator Joseph H. Bottum. In 1968, McGovern unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party's presidential nomination at the Democratic National Convention and was re-elected to the Senate over former Governor of South Dakota Archie M. Gubbrud. In 1972, McGovern was successful in his campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, but lost the election in a landslide to incumbent President Richard Nixon. McGovern was re-elected to the Senate in 1974 over Vietnam War veteran Leo K. Thorsness, but lost re-election in 1980 to then-U.S. Representative James Abdnor. McGovern made a final unsuccessful run for president in United States presidential election, 1984. ## United States Senate election in Montana, 1930 The 1930 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 4, 1930. Incumbent United States Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who was first elected to the Senate in 1912, and re-elected in 1918 and 1924, ran for re-election. He won the Democratic primary unopposed, and faced Montana Supreme Court Associate Justice Albert J. Galen, the Republican nominee, and several independent opponents in the general election. Ultimately, Walsh defeated his opponents in a landslide and won his fourth and final term in the Senate. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1980 The 1980 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1980. Incumbent Governor of Montana Thomas Lee Judge, who was first elected in 1972 and was re-elected in 1976, ran for re-election. However, he faced a stiff challenge in the Democratic primary from his lieutenant governor, Ted Schwinden, and he ultimately lost renomination. Schwinden, advancing to the general election, faced Jack Ramirez, the Minority Leader of the Montana House of Representatives and the Republican nominee. Despite the fact that Ronald Reagan, the Republican presidential nominee, won the state in a landslide that year, Schwinden managed to comfortably defeat Ramirez to win his first of two terms as governor. ## Richard Cranwell Charles Richard ('Dick' or 'Dickie') Cranwell (born July 26, 1942 in Ceredo-Kenova, West Virginia) is an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1972–2001, and was its Democratic floor leader 1991–2001. From 2005 to 2010, he was chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1996 The 1996 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1996. Incumbent Governor of Montana Marc Racicot, who was first elected in 1992, ran for re-election. After winning the Republican primary against a conservative activist, he moved on to the general election, where he was set to face Chet Blaylock, a former State Senator and the Democratic nominee. However, on October 23, 1996, Blaylock died of a heart attack, and the Montana Democratic Party selected his running mate, State Senator Judy Jacobson, to replace him as the gubernatorial nominee, and she therefore appeared on the ballot as both the gubernatorial nominee and the lieutenant gubernatorial nominee. Ultimately, however, Racicot was able to defeat Jacobson in a landslide to win re-election to his second and final term as governor. ## California State Senate election, 2008 The 2008 California State Senate elections took place on November 4, 2008. Voters in California's odd-numbered State Senate districts, a total of 20, voted for their state senators. No seats changed parties and the Democratic Party party maintained its 25-seat majority, while the Republican Party held 15 seats. Other elections also took place in California on November 4. ## United States Senate election in Arizona, 1980 The 1980 United States Senate election in Arizona took place on November 4, 1980. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater decided to run for reelection to a third consecutive term, after returning to the U.S. Senate in 1968 following his failed Presidential run in 1964 against Lyndon B. Johnson. Goldwater defeated Democratic Party nominee Bill Schulz in the general election, but only by a narrow margin, which later caused Goldwater to decide against running for reelection to a fourth consecutive term. ## Thomas J. Walsh Thomas James Walsh (June 12, 1859March 2, 1933) was an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician from Helena, Montana who represented Montana in the United States Senate from 1913 to 1933. He had a national reputation as a liberal and was President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt's choice as Attorney General when he died. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1924 The 1924 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1924. Incumbent Governor of Montana Joseph M. Dixon, who was first elected governor in 1920, ran for re-election. Dixon won a competitive Republican primary, and moved on to the general election, where he faced John E. Erickson, a former district court judge and the Democratic nominee; and Frank J. Edwards, the 1916 Republican nominee for governor and the Farmer–Labor Party nominee. Ultimately, Erickson managed to defeat Dixon in his bid for re-election, winning what would be the first of three terms as governor. ## Montana gubernatorial election, 1916 The 1916 Montana gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1916. Incumbent Governor of Montana Sam V. Stewart, who was first elected governor in 1912, ran for re-election. After comfortably winning the Democratic primary, he advanced to the general election, where he faced Frank J. Edwards, the former Mayor of Helena, who narrowly emerged victorious in a close Republican primary. Benefitting from then-President Woodrow Wilson's landslide victory in Montana in the presidential election that year, Stewart narrowly won re-election to his second and final term as governor. Question: Who did an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician from Helena, Montana run against in an election in Montana that took place on November 4, 1930 ? Answer: ### Response: Albert J. Galen

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Nolan Cromwell Nolan Neil Cromwell (born January 30, 1955) is an American football player and coach who currently serves as a senior offensive assistant for the Cleveland Browns. He was an All-Pro safety for the Los Angeles Rams of the NFL and played for the University of Kansas in college, where he earned All-American honors. Cromwell played for the Rams from 1977 through 1987 and was named to the Pro Bowl in four consecutive years, 1980 through 1983. He played on the Rams' 1979 - 1980 Super Bowl XIV team. He was the Rams' wide receivers coach from 2010 to 2011. ## Isiah Robertson Isiah "Butch" Robertson (born August 17, 1949 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is a former professional American football player who played linebacker for the Los Angeles Rams (1971–1978) and the Buffalo Bills (1979–1982). He was selected to six Pro Bowls during his years with the Rams. He picked off 25 passes in his career, returning three for touchdowns. He scored a fourth touchdown on a fumble recovery in 1978. According to Rams and Bills records, Robertson also sacked the quarterback 25½ times and recorded 16 fumbles in his career. ## Gerard Cowhig Gerard Finbar Cowhig (July 5, 1921 – December 6, 1995) was an American football player who played five seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Los Angeles Rams, Chicago Cardinals and Philadelphia Eagles. He was drafted by the Cleveland Rams in the sixth round of the 1945 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Notre Dame. He attended Mechanic Arts High School in Boston, Massachusetts and Marianapolis Preparatory School in Thompson, Connecticut. Cowhig was married to actress Jean Willes and they had one son named Gerry. ## Wendell Tucker Wendell Edward Tucker (born September 4, 1943) is a former professional American football player who played wide receiver for four seasons for the Los Angeles Rams. Tucker spent most of his first season on the "taxi-squad" while learning behind the Rams' starting flanker Bernie Casey. Tucker saw action in 10 of the team's 14 games in 1968 (catching only 7 passes but 4 of them went for touchdowns), and then became the starting flanker after Casey's retirement. The 1969 season would prove to be his most productive as, playing opposite wide receiver Jack Snow, he caught 38 passes for 629 yards and 7 touchdowns, including a 93 yarder vs. the 49ers for the Coastal Division champion Rams. Tucker returned in 1970 but was hampered by injuries and caught only 12 passes in 12 games. In May 1971, Tucker was traded along with Billy Truax to the Dallas Cowboys for receiver Lance Rentzel. However, unable to regain his trademark speed because of a knee injury, Tucker retired before the start of the 1971 season. ## Greg Robinson (running back) Greg Robinson (born August 7, 1969 in Grenada, Mississippi) is a former professional American football player who played running back for three seasons for the St. Louis Rams and the Los Angeles Raiders. He led the Raiders in rushing in 1993, gaining 591 yards in 12 games, before suffering a serious knee injury against the Buffalo Bills. He sat out the rest of the 1993 season and all of 1994 before coming back with the Rams. Robinson never fully recovered from his knee injury and retired after the 1998 season. ## D'Marco Farr D'Marco Farr (born June 9, 1971) is a former American football player and with the Los Angeles/St. Louis Rams in the National Football League and current sideline reporter for the Los Angeles Rams. Farr played defensive tackle for the Rams from 1994–2000 and recorded 36.5 career sacks. He was a member of the Rams team that won Super Bowl XXXIV. ## Kirk Hershey Kirk Hershey (July 7, 1918 – January 23, 1979) was a player in the National Football League. He was drafted in the seventeenth round of the 1941 NFL Draft by the Cleveland Rams and split that season between the Rams and the Philadelphia Eagles. ## Marcus Dupree Marcus L. Dupree (born May 22, 1964) is a former American football player. He was born and grew up in Philadelphia, Mississippi, where his playing in high school attracted national attention. A highly touted and sought-after college football recruit, he played at Oklahoma, where he was named Football News Freshman of the Year, second team All-American and Big Eight Conference Newcomer of the Year. He left in the middle of his sophomore season and briefly attended the University of Southern Mississippi. Marcus played spring football for the Golden Eagles and finished college at the university. ## Orlando Pace Orlando Lamar Pace (born November 4, 1975) is a former professional American football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for thirteen seasons. He played college football for Ohio State University, and was twice recognized as a unanimous All-American. He was drafted by the St. Louis Rams, first overall in the 1997 NFL Draft, and played professionally for the Rams for twelve years. Pace started all 16 regular season games eight times in his pro career, and blocked for three straight AP NFL MVPs (Kurt Warner in 1999, 2001; and Marshall Faulk in 2000). He was the cornerstone of a Rams offensive line that blocked for an offense that compiled more gross yards than any other team during his 12 years in St. Louis (50,770 in 12 seasons), finished second in completion percentage (61.8 percent) and fifth in touchdown passes (289) over that time. Under Pace's protection, the Rams' passing offense compiled more than 3,000 yards in all 12 of his NFL seasons, seven different quarterbacks eclipsed the 3,000-yard mark in a season, including three times surpassing the 4,000-yard mark, and blocked for seven 1,000-yard rushers. Pace started 154 consecutive games, playing with the St. Louis Rams and Chicago Bears (2009). ## 1990 Los Angeles Rams season The 1990 Los Angeles Rams season was the team's 53rd year with the National Football League and the 45th season in Los Angeles. On November 11, 1990, Marcus Dupree made his NFL debut against the New York Giants. The Rams looked to improve on their 11-5 season from 1989 and make the playoffs for the 3rd straight season and be possible contenders for the Super Bowl. However, the Rams would struggle all season, starting 1-4 before winning 2 of their next 3 games before losing their next 2 games as they dipped to a 3-7 record. After a win over Cleveland, the Rams upset the 49ers 28-17 in San Francisco to improve to 5-7. However, this would be perhaps the only good highlight of the season for the Rams, as after the win, they ended the season on a 4 game losing streak as the Rams finished with a disappointing 5-11 record and missed the playoffs for the first time since 1987. Question: Which Rams player was born in Philadelphia, Mississippi? Answer:

Marcus Dupree

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Nolan Cromwell Nolan Neil Cromwell (born January 30, 1955) is an American football player and coach who currently serves as a senior offensive assistant for the Cleveland Browns. He was an All-Pro safety for the Los Angeles Rams of the NFL and played for the University of Kansas in college, where he earned All-American honors. Cromwell played for the Rams from 1977 through 1987 and was named to the Pro Bowl in four consecutive years, 1980 through 1983. He played on the Rams' 1979 - 1980 Super Bowl XIV team. He was the Rams' wide receivers coach from 2010 to 2011. ## Isiah Robertson Isiah "Butch" Robertson (born August 17, 1949 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is a former professional American football player who played linebacker for the Los Angeles Rams (1971–1978) and the Buffalo Bills (1979–1982). He was selected to six Pro Bowls during his years with the Rams. He picked off 25 passes in his career, returning three for touchdowns. He scored a fourth touchdown on a fumble recovery in 1978. According to Rams and Bills records, Robertson also sacked the quarterback 25½ times and recorded 16 fumbles in his career. ## Gerard Cowhig Gerard Finbar Cowhig (July 5, 1921 – December 6, 1995) was an American football player who played five seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Los Angeles Rams, Chicago Cardinals and Philadelphia Eagles. He was drafted by the Cleveland Rams in the sixth round of the 1945 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Notre Dame. He attended Mechanic Arts High School in Boston, Massachusetts and Marianapolis Preparatory School in Thompson, Connecticut. Cowhig was married to actress Jean Willes and they had one son named Gerry. ## Wendell Tucker Wendell Edward Tucker (born September 4, 1943) is a former professional American football player who played wide receiver for four seasons for the Los Angeles Rams. Tucker spent most of his first season on the "taxi-squad" while learning behind the Rams' starting flanker Bernie Casey. Tucker saw action in 10 of the team's 14 games in 1968 (catching only 7 passes but 4 of them went for touchdowns), and then became the starting flanker after Casey's retirement. The 1969 season would prove to be his most productive as, playing opposite wide receiver Jack Snow, he caught 38 passes for 629 yards and 7 touchdowns, including a 93 yarder vs. the 49ers for the Coastal Division champion Rams. Tucker returned in 1970 but was hampered by injuries and caught only 12 passes in 12 games. In May 1971, Tucker was traded along with Billy Truax to the Dallas Cowboys for receiver Lance Rentzel. However, unable to regain his trademark speed because of a knee injury, Tucker retired before the start of the 1971 season. ## Greg Robinson (running back) Greg Robinson (born August 7, 1969 in Grenada, Mississippi) is a former professional American football player who played running back for three seasons for the St. Louis Rams and the Los Angeles Raiders. He led the Raiders in rushing in 1993, gaining 591 yards in 12 games, before suffering a serious knee injury against the Buffalo Bills. He sat out the rest of the 1993 season and all of 1994 before coming back with the Rams. Robinson never fully recovered from his knee injury and retired after the 1998 season. ## D'Marco Farr D'Marco Farr (born June 9, 1971) is a former American football player and with the Los Angeles/St. Louis Rams in the National Football League and current sideline reporter for the Los Angeles Rams. Farr played defensive tackle for the Rams from 1994–2000 and recorded 36.5 career sacks. He was a member of the Rams team that won Super Bowl XXXIV. ## Kirk Hershey Kirk Hershey (July 7, 1918 – January 23, 1979) was a player in the National Football League. He was drafted in the seventeenth round of the 1941 NFL Draft by the Cleveland Rams and split that season between the Rams and the Philadelphia Eagles. ## Marcus Dupree Marcus L. Dupree (born May 22, 1964) is a former American football player. He was born and grew up in Philadelphia, Mississippi, where his playing in high school attracted national attention. A highly touted and sought-after college football recruit, he played at Oklahoma, where he was named Football News Freshman of the Year, second team All-American and Big Eight Conference Newcomer of the Year. He left in the middle of his sophomore season and briefly attended the University of Southern Mississippi. Marcus played spring football for the Golden Eagles and finished college at the university. ## Orlando Pace Orlando Lamar Pace (born November 4, 1975) is a former professional American football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for thirteen seasons. He played college football for Ohio State University, and was twice recognized as a unanimous All-American. He was drafted by the St. Louis Rams, first overall in the 1997 NFL Draft, and played professionally for the Rams for twelve years. Pace started all 16 regular season games eight times in his pro career, and blocked for three straight AP NFL MVPs (Kurt Warner in 1999, 2001; and Marshall Faulk in 2000). He was the cornerstone of a Rams offensive line that blocked for an offense that compiled more gross yards than any other team during his 12 years in St. Louis (50,770 in 12 seasons), finished second in completion percentage (61.8 percent) and fifth in touchdown passes (289) over that time. Under Pace's protection, the Rams' passing offense compiled more than 3,000 yards in all 12 of his NFL seasons, seven different quarterbacks eclipsed the 3,000-yard mark in a season, including three times surpassing the 4,000-yard mark, and blocked for seven 1,000-yard rushers. Pace started 154 consecutive games, playing with the St. Louis Rams and Chicago Bears (2009). ## 1990 Los Angeles Rams season The 1990 Los Angeles Rams season was the team's 53rd year with the National Football League and the 45th season in Los Angeles. On November 11, 1990, Marcus Dupree made his NFL debut against the New York Giants. The Rams looked to improve on their 11-5 season from 1989 and make the playoffs for the 3rd straight season and be possible contenders for the Super Bowl. However, the Rams would struggle all season, starting 1-4 before winning 2 of their next 3 games before losing their next 2 games as they dipped to a 3-7 record. After a win over Cleveland, the Rams upset the 49ers 28-17 in San Francisco to improve to 5-7. However, this would be perhaps the only good highlight of the season for the Rams, as after the win, they ended the season on a 4 game losing streak as the Rams finished with a disappointing 5-11 record and missed the playoffs for the first time since 1987. Question: Which Rams player was born in Philadelphia, Mississippi? Answer: ### Response: Marcus Dupree

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Jeffrey Collé Jeffrey Collé is a real estate developer who specializes in luxury estates in the Hamptons— a collection of hamlets and villages located at the East End of Long Island, New York. The area traditionally features some of the most expensive and luxurious residential properties in the United States. Collé, with his former business partner, Howard Gittis, started a multimillion-dollar speculative real estate development business in the Hamptons. Jeffrey has experience as both a carpenter and a designer-builder and has spent his life in the building business (1970–present). Through his work as a real estate developer and builder of residential real estate, he has had the opportunity to create homes for celebrities and prominent individuals. ## Apartment An apartment (American English), flat (British English) or unit (Australian English), is a self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building, generally on a single level. Such a building may be called an "apartment building", "apartment complex", "flat complex", "block of flats", "tower block", "high-rise" or, occasionally "mansion block" (in British English), especially if it consists of many apartments for rent. In Scotland, it is called a block of flats or, if it is a traditional sandstone building, a "tenement", which has a pejorative connotation elsewhere. Apartments may be owned by an "owner/occupier", by leasehold tenure or rented by "tenants" (two types of housing tenure). ## Loan modification in the United States Loan modification is the systematic alteration of mortgage loan agreements that help those having problems making the payments by reducing interest rates, monthly payments or principal balances. Lending institutions could make one or more of these changes to relieve financial pressure on borrowers to prevent the condition of foreclosure. Loan modifications have been practiced in the United States since The 2008 Crash Of The Housing Market from Washington Mutual, Chase Home Finance, Chase, JP Morgan & Chase, other contributors like MER's. Crimes of Mortgage ad Real Estate Staff had long assisted nd finally the squeaky will could not continue as their deviant practices broke the state and crashed. Modification owners either ordered by The United States Department of Housing, The United States IRS or President Obamas letters from Note Holders came to those various departments asking for the Democratic process to help them keep their homes and protection them from explosion. Thus the birth of Modifications. It is yet to date for clarity how theses enforcements came into existence and except b whom, but t is certain that note holders form the Midwest reached out in the Democratic Process for assistance. FBI Mortgage Fraud Department came into existence. Modifications HMAP HARP were also birthed to help note holders get Justice through reduced mortgage by making terms legal. Modification of mortgage terms was introduced by IRS staff addressing the crisis called the HAMP TEAMS that went across the United States desiring the new products to assist homeowners that were victims of predatory lending practices, unethical staff, brokers, attorneys and lenders that contributed to the crash. Modification were a fix to the crash as litigation has ensued as the lenders reorganized and renamed the lending institutions and government agencies are to closely monitor them. Prior to modifications loan holders that experiences crisis would use Loan assumptions and Loan transfers to keep the note in the 1930s. During the Great Depression, loan transfers, loan assumption, and loan bail out programs took place at the state level in an effort to reduce levels of loan foreclosures while the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Federal Trade Commission, Comptroller, the United States Government and State Government responded to lending institution violations of law in these arenas by setting public court records that are legal precedence of such illegal actions. The legal precedents and reporting agencies were created to address the violations of laws to consumers while the Modifications were created to assist the consumers that are victims of predatory lending practices. During the so-called "Great Recession" of the early 21st century, loan modification became a matter of national policy, with various actions taken to alter mortgage loan terms to prevent further economic destabilization. Due to absorbent personal profits nothing has been done to educate Homeowners or Creditors that this money from equity, escrow is truly theirs the Loan Note Holder and it is their monetary rights as the real prize and reason for the Housing Crash was the profit n obtaining the mortgage holders Escrow. The Escrow and Equity that is accursed form the Note Holders payments various staff through the United States claimed as recorded and cashed by all staff in real-estate from local residential Tax Assessing Staff, Real Estate Staff, Ordinance Staff, Police Staff, Brokers, attorneys, lending institutional staff but typically Attorneys who are also typically the owners or Rental properties that are trained through Bankruptcies'. that collect the Escrow that is rightfully the Homeowners but because most Homeowners are unaware of what money is due them and how they can loose their escrow. Most Creditors are unaware that as the note holder that the Note Holder are due a annual or semi annual equity check and again bank or other lending and or legal intuitions staff claim this monies instead. This money Note Holders were unaware of is the prize of real estate and the cause of the Real Estate Crash of 2008 where Lending Institutions provided mortgages to people years prior they know they would eventually loose with Loan holders purchasing Balloon Mortgages lending product that is designed to make fast money off the note holder whom is always typically unaware of their escrow, equity and that are further victimized by conferences and books on HOW TO MAKE MONEY IN REAL STATE - when in fact the money is the Note Holder. The key of the crash was not the House, but the loan product used and the interest and money that was accrued form the note holders that staff too immorally. The immoral and illegal actions of predatory lending station and their staff began with the inception of balloon mortgages although illegal activity has always existed in the arena, yet the crash created "Watch Dog" like HAMP TEAM, IRS, COMPTROLLER< Federal Trade Commission Consumer Protection Bureau, FBI, CIA, Local Police Department, ICE ( The FBI online Computer crime division receives and investigates computer crimes that record keeping staff from title companies, lending institutional staff, legal staff and others created fraudulent documents to change payments and billing of note holders to obtain the money note holders are typically unaware of) and other watch dog agencies came into existence to examine if houses were purchased through a processed check at Government Debited office as many obtained free homes illegally. Many were incarcerated for such illegal actions. Modifications fixed the Notes to proper lower interest, escrow, tax fees that staff typically raised for no reason. Many people from various arenas involved in reals estate have been incarcerated for these actions as well as other illegal actions like charging for a modification. Additionally Modifications were also made to address the falsifications such as inappropriate mortgage charges, filing of fraudulently deeds, reporting of and at times filing of fraudulent mortgages that were already paid off that were fraudulently continued by lenders staff and attorneys or brokers or anyone in the Real Estate Chain through the issues of real estate terms to continue to violate United States Laws, contract law and legal precedence where collusion was often done again to defraud and steal from the Note Holder was such a common practice that was evidence as to why the Mortgage Crash in 2008 occurred for the purpose of wining the prize of stealing form Homeowners and those that foreclosed was actually often purposefully for these monies note holders were unaware of to be obtained which was why Balloon mortgages and loans were given to the staff in the Real Estate Market with the hoper and the expectation that the loan holders would default as it offered opportunity to commit illegal transactions of obtaining the homeowners funds. While such scams were addressed through modifications in 2008. The Market relied heavily on Consumers ignorance to prosper, ignorance of real estate terms, ignorance on what they were to be charged properly for unethical financial gain and while staff in real estates lending arenas mingled terms to deceive y deliberate confusion consumers out of cash and homes while the USA Government provided Justice through President Obamas Inception and IRS Inception of Modifications which addressed these unethical profits in Reals Estate. It was in 2009 that HARP, HAMP and Modifications were introduced to stop the victimization of Note Holders. Taking on the Banks that ran USA Government was a great and dangerous undertaking that made America Great Again as Justice for Consumers reigned. Legal action taken against institutions that have such business practices can be viewed in State Code of Law and Federal Law on precedent cases that are available to the public. Finally, It had been unlawful to be charged by an attorney to modify as well as fro banking staff to modify terms to increase a mortgage and or change lending product to a balloon in an concerted effort to make homeowner foreclose which is also illegal, computer fraud and not the governments intended purpose or definition of a modification. ## Swanepoel Power 200 The Swanepoel Power 200 (SP200) is comprehensive annual ranking of the Most Powerful People in residential real estate in North America (United States and Canada). The list is described as the most comprehensive list of influential CEOs, thought leaders and senior executives in the residential real estate business. ## Housing development A housing development is a structured real estate development of residential buildings. Popular throughout the United States and the United Kingdom, they are often areas of high-density, low-impact residences of single-family detached homes, and often allow for separate ownership of each housing unit, for example through subdivision. A housing development is "often erected on a tract of land by one builder and controlled by one management." ## Real estate economics Real estate economics is the application of economic techniques to real estate markets. It tries to describe, explain, and predict patterns of prices, supply, and demand. The closely related field of housing economics is narrower in scope, concentrating on residential real estate markets, while the research of real estate trends focuses on the business and structural changes affecting the industry. Both draw on partial equilibrium analysis (supply and demand), urban economics, spatial economics, extensive research, surveys, and finance. ## Apartment (disambiguation) An apartment is a self-contained housing unit that occupies only part of a building. ## Bedsitcom Bedsitcom is a British reality television hoax series that was broadcast on Channel 4 in December 2003. Pitched as "somewhere between a sitcom and a reality TV show", the show documented the lives of six young people living in a loft flat in London. Its hook was that its TV audience was aware that three of the participants—named Mel, Paul and Rufus—were actually actors being directed by a trio of "writers" in a garage on the ground floor. ## Coldwell Banker Residential Real Estate Coldwell Banker Residential Real Estate LLC is Coldwell Banker Real Estate LLC’s local operating company in Florida. The company is a real estate brokerage in Florida and is based in Sarasota, Florida. Its parent company is NRT, the nation’s largest real estate brokerage. The company is a subsidiary of Realogy, a privately owned company based in Parsippany, New Jersey, U.S., which also owns Century 21 and several other real estate brands. ## Keller Williams Realty Keller Williams Realty is an American international real estate franchise with headquarters in Austin, Texas. Founded in 1983 by Gary Keller and Joe Williams, it grew from a single office in Austin to approximately 700 offices and as of November 2016 with over 150,000 associates worldwide. It is the largest real estate franchise by agent count in the World, and one of the largest privately held global residential real estate brokerages. It is an Inc. 5000 company and has been recognized as one of the highest rated real estate companies by numerous publications, including Entrepreneur Magazine and Forbes. Question: In American English, what is this self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building, of which the living place of the lives of six young people from Bedsitcom? Answer:

apartment

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Jeffrey Collé Jeffrey Collé is a real estate developer who specializes in luxury estates in the Hamptons— a collection of hamlets and villages located at the East End of Long Island, New York. The area traditionally features some of the most expensive and luxurious residential properties in the United States. Collé, with his former business partner, Howard Gittis, started a multimillion-dollar speculative real estate development business in the Hamptons. Jeffrey has experience as both a carpenter and a designer-builder and has spent his life in the building business (1970–present). Through his work as a real estate developer and builder of residential real estate, he has had the opportunity to create homes for celebrities and prominent individuals. ## Apartment An apartment (American English), flat (British English) or unit (Australian English), is a self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building, generally on a single level. Such a building may be called an "apartment building", "apartment complex", "flat complex", "block of flats", "tower block", "high-rise" or, occasionally "mansion block" (in British English), especially if it consists of many apartments for rent. In Scotland, it is called a block of flats or, if it is a traditional sandstone building, a "tenement", which has a pejorative connotation elsewhere. Apartments may be owned by an "owner/occupier", by leasehold tenure or rented by "tenants" (two types of housing tenure). ## Loan modification in the United States Loan modification is the systematic alteration of mortgage loan agreements that help those having problems making the payments by reducing interest rates, monthly payments or principal balances. Lending institutions could make one or more of these changes to relieve financial pressure on borrowers to prevent the condition of foreclosure. Loan modifications have been practiced in the United States since The 2008 Crash Of The Housing Market from Washington Mutual, Chase Home Finance, Chase, JP Morgan & Chase, other contributors like MER's. Crimes of Mortgage ad Real Estate Staff had long assisted nd finally the squeaky will could not continue as their deviant practices broke the state and crashed. Modification owners either ordered by The United States Department of Housing, The United States IRS or President Obamas letters from Note Holders came to those various departments asking for the Democratic process to help them keep their homes and protection them from explosion. Thus the birth of Modifications. It is yet to date for clarity how theses enforcements came into existence and except b whom, but t is certain that note holders form the Midwest reached out in the Democratic Process for assistance. FBI Mortgage Fraud Department came into existence. Modifications HMAP HARP were also birthed to help note holders get Justice through reduced mortgage by making terms legal. Modification of mortgage terms was introduced by IRS staff addressing the crisis called the HAMP TEAMS that went across the United States desiring the new products to assist homeowners that were victims of predatory lending practices, unethical staff, brokers, attorneys and lenders that contributed to the crash. Modification were a fix to the crash as litigation has ensued as the lenders reorganized and renamed the lending institutions and government agencies are to closely monitor them. Prior to modifications loan holders that experiences crisis would use Loan assumptions and Loan transfers to keep the note in the 1930s. During the Great Depression, loan transfers, loan assumption, and loan bail out programs took place at the state level in an effort to reduce levels of loan foreclosures while the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Federal Trade Commission, Comptroller, the United States Government and State Government responded to lending institution violations of law in these arenas by setting public court records that are legal precedence of such illegal actions. The legal precedents and reporting agencies were created to address the violations of laws to consumers while the Modifications were created to assist the consumers that are victims of predatory lending practices. During the so-called "Great Recession" of the early 21st century, loan modification became a matter of national policy, with various actions taken to alter mortgage loan terms to prevent further economic destabilization. Due to absorbent personal profits nothing has been done to educate Homeowners or Creditors that this money from equity, escrow is truly theirs the Loan Note Holder and it is their monetary rights as the real prize and reason for the Housing Crash was the profit n obtaining the mortgage holders Escrow. The Escrow and Equity that is accursed form the Note Holders payments various staff through the United States claimed as recorded and cashed by all staff in real-estate from local residential Tax Assessing Staff, Real Estate Staff, Ordinance Staff, Police Staff, Brokers, attorneys, lending institutional staff but typically Attorneys who are also typically the owners or Rental properties that are trained through Bankruptcies'. that collect the Escrow that is rightfully the Homeowners but because most Homeowners are unaware of what money is due them and how they can loose their escrow. Most Creditors are unaware that as the note holder that the Note Holder are due a annual or semi annual equity check and again bank or other lending and or legal intuitions staff claim this monies instead. This money Note Holders were unaware of is the prize of real estate and the cause of the Real Estate Crash of 2008 where Lending Institutions provided mortgages to people years prior they know they would eventually loose with Loan holders purchasing Balloon Mortgages lending product that is designed to make fast money off the note holder whom is always typically unaware of their escrow, equity and that are further victimized by conferences and books on HOW TO MAKE MONEY IN REAL STATE - when in fact the money is the Note Holder. The key of the crash was not the House, but the loan product used and the interest and money that was accrued form the note holders that staff too immorally. The immoral and illegal actions of predatory lending station and their staff began with the inception of balloon mortgages although illegal activity has always existed in the arena, yet the crash created "Watch Dog" like HAMP TEAM, IRS, COMPTROLLER< Federal Trade Commission Consumer Protection Bureau, FBI, CIA, Local Police Department, ICE ( The FBI online Computer crime division receives and investigates computer crimes that record keeping staff from title companies, lending institutional staff, legal staff and others created fraudulent documents to change payments and billing of note holders to obtain the money note holders are typically unaware of) and other watch dog agencies came into existence to examine if houses were purchased through a processed check at Government Debited office as many obtained free homes illegally. Many were incarcerated for such illegal actions. Modifications fixed the Notes to proper lower interest, escrow, tax fees that staff typically raised for no reason. Many people from various arenas involved in reals estate have been incarcerated for these actions as well as other illegal actions like charging for a modification. Additionally Modifications were also made to address the falsifications such as inappropriate mortgage charges, filing of fraudulently deeds, reporting of and at times filing of fraudulent mortgages that were already paid off that were fraudulently continued by lenders staff and attorneys or brokers or anyone in the Real Estate Chain through the issues of real estate terms to continue to violate United States Laws, contract law and legal precedence where collusion was often done again to defraud and steal from the Note Holder was such a common practice that was evidence as to why the Mortgage Crash in 2008 occurred for the purpose of wining the prize of stealing form Homeowners and those that foreclosed was actually often purposefully for these monies note holders were unaware of to be obtained which was why Balloon mortgages and loans were given to the staff in the Real Estate Market with the hoper and the expectation that the loan holders would default as it offered opportunity to commit illegal transactions of obtaining the homeowners funds. While such scams were addressed through modifications in 2008. The Market relied heavily on Consumers ignorance to prosper, ignorance of real estate terms, ignorance on what they were to be charged properly for unethical financial gain and while staff in real estates lending arenas mingled terms to deceive y deliberate confusion consumers out of cash and homes while the USA Government provided Justice through President Obamas Inception and IRS Inception of Modifications which addressed these unethical profits in Reals Estate. It was in 2009 that HARP, HAMP and Modifications were introduced to stop the victimization of Note Holders. Taking on the Banks that ran USA Government was a great and dangerous undertaking that made America Great Again as Justice for Consumers reigned. Legal action taken against institutions that have such business practices can be viewed in State Code of Law and Federal Law on precedent cases that are available to the public. Finally, It had been unlawful to be charged by an attorney to modify as well as fro banking staff to modify terms to increase a mortgage and or change lending product to a balloon in an concerted effort to make homeowner foreclose which is also illegal, computer fraud and not the governments intended purpose or definition of a modification. ## Swanepoel Power 200 The Swanepoel Power 200 (SP200) is comprehensive annual ranking of the Most Powerful People in residential real estate in North America (United States and Canada). The list is described as the most comprehensive list of influential CEOs, thought leaders and senior executives in the residential real estate business. ## Housing development A housing development is a structured real estate development of residential buildings. Popular throughout the United States and the United Kingdom, they are often areas of high-density, low-impact residences of single-family detached homes, and often allow for separate ownership of each housing unit, for example through subdivision. A housing development is "often erected on a tract of land by one builder and controlled by one management." ## Real estate economics Real estate economics is the application of economic techniques to real estate markets. It tries to describe, explain, and predict patterns of prices, supply, and demand. The closely related field of housing economics is narrower in scope, concentrating on residential real estate markets, while the research of real estate trends focuses on the business and structural changes affecting the industry. Both draw on partial equilibrium analysis (supply and demand), urban economics, spatial economics, extensive research, surveys, and finance. ## Apartment (disambiguation) An apartment is a self-contained housing unit that occupies only part of a building. ## Bedsitcom Bedsitcom is a British reality television hoax series that was broadcast on Channel 4 in December 2003. Pitched as "somewhere between a sitcom and a reality TV show", the show documented the lives of six young people living in a loft flat in London. Its hook was that its TV audience was aware that three of the participants—named Mel, Paul and Rufus—were actually actors being directed by a trio of "writers" in a garage on the ground floor. ## Coldwell Banker Residential Real Estate Coldwell Banker Residential Real Estate LLC is Coldwell Banker Real Estate LLC’s local operating company in Florida. The company is a real estate brokerage in Florida and is based in Sarasota, Florida. Its parent company is NRT, the nation’s largest real estate brokerage. The company is a subsidiary of Realogy, a privately owned company based in Parsippany, New Jersey, U.S., which also owns Century 21 and several other real estate brands. ## Keller Williams Realty Keller Williams Realty is an American international real estate franchise with headquarters in Austin, Texas. Founded in 1983 by Gary Keller and Joe Williams, it grew from a single office in Austin to approximately 700 offices and as of November 2016 with over 150,000 associates worldwide. It is the largest real estate franchise by agent count in the World, and one of the largest privately held global residential real estate brokerages. It is an Inc. 5000 company and has been recognized as one of the highest rated real estate companies by numerous publications, including Entrepreneur Magazine and Forbes. Question: In American English, what is this self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building, of which the living place of the lives of six young people from Bedsitcom? Answer: ### Response: apartment

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Marvel Studios Marvel Studios, LLC (originally known as Marvel Films from 1993 to 1996) is an American motion picture studio based at The Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California and is a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, itself a wholly owned division of The Walt Disney Company, with film producer Kevin Feige serving as president. Previously, the studio was a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment until The Walt Disney Company reorganized the companies in August 2015. ## Walt Disney World Dolphin The Walt Disney World Dolphin is a resort hotel designed by architect Michael Graves located between Epcot and Disney's Hollywood Studios in the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, next to Disney's BoardWalk Resort area. It opened on June 1, 1990 and is joined to its sister hotel, the Walt Disney World Swan (also designed by Graves) by a palm-tree lined covered walkway crossing a lagoon. The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin is a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company, Tishman Hotel Corporation, MetLife and Starwood Hotels and Resorts. The land the resort occupies is owned by the Walt Disney Company, while the buildings themselves are leased by Disney to the Tishman Hotel Corporation and MetLife but operated by Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide under the Sheraton Hotels brand. The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin are a part of the Walt Disney Collection of resorts; because of this they are Disney branded and guests of the resort have access to special Disney benefits available to Disney Resort Hotel guests only. ## Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2014's "Guardians of the Galaxy" and the fifteenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film is written and directed by James Gunn and stars an ensemble cast featuring Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Vin Diesel, Bradley Cooper, Michael Rooker, Karen Gillan, Pom Klementieff, Elizabeth Debicki, Chris Sullivan, Sean Gunn, Sylvester Stallone, and Kurt Russell. In "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2", the Guardians travel throughout the cosmos as they help Peter Quill learn more about his mysterious parentage. ## The Walt Disney Company Italy The Walt Disney Company Italia S.r.l. (formerly called The Walt Disney Company Italia S.p.A) is The Walt Disney Company's Italian division and one of The Walt Disney Company's European divisions. The company was founded on 8 May 1938 as Creazioni Walt Disney S.A.I. The company owns and operates Disney Channel Italy, Disney in English, and more. Comics are also published by the company as well. ## Guardians of the Galaxy (film) Guardians of the Galaxy (retroactively referred to as Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 1) is a 2014 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the tenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film was directed by James Gunn, who wrote the screenplay with Nicole Perlman, and features an ensemble cast including Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Vin Diesel, Bradley Cooper, Lee Pace, Michael Rooker, Karen Gillan, Djimon Hounsou, John C. Reilly, Glenn Close, and Benicio del Toro. In "Guardians of the Galaxy", Peter Quill forms an uneasy alliance with a group of extraterrestrial misfits who are fleeing after stealing a powerful artifact. ## Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (soundtrack) Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album for the Marvel Studios film "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2". Featuring the songs present on Peter Quill's mixtape in the film, the album was released by Hollywood Records on April 21, 2017. A separate film score album, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (Original Score), composed by Tyler Bates, was also released by Hollywood Records on the same date. ## The Walt Disney Company France The Walt Disney Company France, formerly Buena Vista International France, is one of The Walt Disney Company's international divisions and also European divisions. The Walt Disney Company France is headquartered in Paris, the capital of France. The company owns and operates French versions of Disney Channel, Disney XD, Playhouse Disney, and Disney Cinemagic (which became Disney Cinema in May of 2015) . Jean-François Camilleri is head of the company. The Walt Disney Company France also produces content as well with other media companies. ## Gamora Gamora Zen Whoberi Ben Titan ( ) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Jim Starlin, the character first appeared in "Strange Tales" #180 (June 1975). Gamora is the adopted daughter of Thanos, and the last of her species. Her powers include superhuman strength and agility and an accelerated healing factor. She also is an elite combatant, being able to best most of the opponents in the galaxy. She is a member of the group known as the Infinity Watch. The character played a role in the 2007 crossover comic book event "", and became a member of the titular team in its spin-off comic, "Guardians of the Galaxy". She has been featured in a variety of associated Marvel merchandise. Zoe Saldana plays the character in the 2014 live-action film "Guardians of the Galaxy" and its sequel "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2". ## Walt Disney World Swan The Walt Disney World Swan is a resort hotel designed by architect Michael Graves located between Epcot and Disney's Hollywood Studios behind Disney's BoardWalk Resort and across from its sister resort, the Walt Disney World Dolphin. The Swan, which opened January 13, 1990 on Disney property, is a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company, Tishman Hotel Corporation, MetLife and Starwood Hotels and Resorts. The land the resort occupies is owned by the Walt Disney Company, while the buildings themselves are leased by Disney to the Tishman Hotel Corporation and MetLife and operated by Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide under the Westin brand. The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin are a part of the Walt Disney Collection of resorts, because of this they are Disney branded and guests of the resort have access to special Disney benefits available to Disney Resort Hotel guests only. ## Guardians of the Galaxy (Epcot Attraction) Guardians of the Galaxy is an upcoming attraction to be built at Epcot within the Walt Disney World Resort. It will be the third attraction based on a Marvel Comics property at Walt Disney Parks and Resorts after the Iron Man Experience at Hong Kong Disneyland and at Disney California Adventure. It will be the second attraction based on Marvel's "Guardians of the Galaxy" to be built at a Disney theme park and is also the first Marvel-themed attraction to be built at Walt Disney World. It will replace the Universe of Energy pavilion, which closed on August 13, 2017. Question: When was the studio behind Guardians of the Galaxy Vol 2 bought by The Walt Disney Company? Answer:

August 2015

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Marvel Studios Marvel Studios, LLC (originally known as Marvel Films from 1993 to 1996) is an American motion picture studio based at The Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California and is a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, itself a wholly owned division of The Walt Disney Company, with film producer Kevin Feige serving as president. Previously, the studio was a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment until The Walt Disney Company reorganized the companies in August 2015. ## Walt Disney World Dolphin The Walt Disney World Dolphin is a resort hotel designed by architect Michael Graves located between Epcot and Disney's Hollywood Studios in the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, next to Disney's BoardWalk Resort area. It opened on June 1, 1990 and is joined to its sister hotel, the Walt Disney World Swan (also designed by Graves) by a palm-tree lined covered walkway crossing a lagoon. The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin is a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company, Tishman Hotel Corporation, MetLife and Starwood Hotels and Resorts. The land the resort occupies is owned by the Walt Disney Company, while the buildings themselves are leased by Disney to the Tishman Hotel Corporation and MetLife but operated by Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide under the Sheraton Hotels brand. The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin are a part of the Walt Disney Collection of resorts; because of this they are Disney branded and guests of the resort have access to special Disney benefits available to Disney Resort Hotel guests only. ## Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team Guardians of the Galaxy, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2014's "Guardians of the Galaxy" and the fifteenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film is written and directed by James Gunn and stars an ensemble cast featuring Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Vin Diesel, Bradley Cooper, Michael Rooker, Karen Gillan, Pom Klementieff, Elizabeth Debicki, Chris Sullivan, Sean Gunn, Sylvester Stallone, and Kurt Russell. In "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2", the Guardians travel throughout the cosmos as they help Peter Quill learn more about his mysterious parentage. ## The Walt Disney Company Italy The Walt Disney Company Italia S.r.l. (formerly called The Walt Disney Company Italia S.p.A) is The Walt Disney Company's Italian division and one of The Walt Disney Company's European divisions. The company was founded on 8 May 1938 as Creazioni Walt Disney S.A.I. The company owns and operates Disney Channel Italy, Disney in English, and more. Comics are also published by the company as well. ## Guardians of the Galaxy (film) Guardians of the Galaxy (retroactively referred to as Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 1) is a 2014 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the tenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film was directed by James Gunn, who wrote the screenplay with Nicole Perlman, and features an ensemble cast including Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Vin Diesel, Bradley Cooper, Lee Pace, Michael Rooker, Karen Gillan, Djimon Hounsou, John C. Reilly, Glenn Close, and Benicio del Toro. In "Guardians of the Galaxy", Peter Quill forms an uneasy alliance with a group of extraterrestrial misfits who are fleeing after stealing a powerful artifact. ## Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (soundtrack) Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album for the Marvel Studios film "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2". Featuring the songs present on Peter Quill's mixtape in the film, the album was released by Hollywood Records on April 21, 2017. A separate film score album, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (Original Score), composed by Tyler Bates, was also released by Hollywood Records on the same date. ## The Walt Disney Company France The Walt Disney Company France, formerly Buena Vista International France, is one of The Walt Disney Company's international divisions and also European divisions. The Walt Disney Company France is headquartered in Paris, the capital of France. The company owns and operates French versions of Disney Channel, Disney XD, Playhouse Disney, and Disney Cinemagic (which became Disney Cinema in May of 2015) . Jean-François Camilleri is head of the company. The Walt Disney Company France also produces content as well with other media companies. ## Gamora Gamora Zen Whoberi Ben Titan ( ) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Jim Starlin, the character first appeared in "Strange Tales" #180 (June 1975). Gamora is the adopted daughter of Thanos, and the last of her species. Her powers include superhuman strength and agility and an accelerated healing factor. She also is an elite combatant, being able to best most of the opponents in the galaxy. She is a member of the group known as the Infinity Watch. The character played a role in the 2007 crossover comic book event "", and became a member of the titular team in its spin-off comic, "Guardians of the Galaxy". She has been featured in a variety of associated Marvel merchandise. Zoe Saldana plays the character in the 2014 live-action film "Guardians of the Galaxy" and its sequel "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2". ## Walt Disney World Swan The Walt Disney World Swan is a resort hotel designed by architect Michael Graves located between Epcot and Disney's Hollywood Studios behind Disney's BoardWalk Resort and across from its sister resort, the Walt Disney World Dolphin. The Swan, which opened January 13, 1990 on Disney property, is a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company, Tishman Hotel Corporation, MetLife and Starwood Hotels and Resorts. The land the resort occupies is owned by the Walt Disney Company, while the buildings themselves are leased by Disney to the Tishman Hotel Corporation and MetLife and operated by Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide under the Westin brand. The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin are a part of the Walt Disney Collection of resorts, because of this they are Disney branded and guests of the resort have access to special Disney benefits available to Disney Resort Hotel guests only. ## Guardians of the Galaxy (Epcot Attraction) Guardians of the Galaxy is an upcoming attraction to be built at Epcot within the Walt Disney World Resort. It will be the third attraction based on a Marvel Comics property at Walt Disney Parks and Resorts after the Iron Man Experience at Hong Kong Disneyland and at Disney California Adventure. It will be the second attraction based on Marvel's "Guardians of the Galaxy" to be built at a Disney theme park and is also the first Marvel-themed attraction to be built at Walt Disney World. It will replace the Universe of Energy pavilion, which closed on August 13, 2017. Question: When was the studio behind Guardians of the Galaxy Vol 2 bought by The Walt Disney Company? Answer: ### Response: August 2015

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Görlitz Department Store The Görlitz department store in Görlitz is one of the best preserved department stores from the beginning of the twentieth century. It is built in the Art Nouveau style and was operated as a department store until August 15, 2009. The city and a citizens' action group tried to revitalize the department store which in 2012 housed only a beauty shop. In 2013, a private investor was found, who would like to obtain the facility as a universal department store, as the Department Store of Upper Lusatia (Kaufhaus der Oberlausitz , KaDeO) and thus a counterpart to the Berlin department store Kaufhaus des Westens (KaDeWe). ## Market Garden Brewery Market Garden Brewery is a brewery located in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. The brewery, which began as a brewpub in 2011 adjacent to the West Side Market, expanded with the opening of a 35,000 square foot production brewhouse in the Spring of 2016. Market Garden's sister location, Nanobrew, is a smaller brewpub—also located on 25th Street—where the brewery develops most of its recipes for larger scale production. The brewery along with Great Lakes Brewing and the Platform Beer Company, comprises a section of Ohio City that is locally referred to as the Brewing District. ## Rike Kumler Co. The Rike-Kumler Company (commonly known as Rike's) was an American department store in Dayton, Ohio. In 1959, Rike's became part of the Federated Department Stores conglomerate. In 1982, Federated merged Rike's with its Cincinnati unit, Shillito's, in order to form Shillito Rikes. In 1986, Federated merged Shillito Rikes into the Columbus-based Lazarus chain, which, in 2005 was consolidated with most other Federated chains under the Macy's brand. ## 1937 New York City department store strikes During the 1937 New York City department store strikes over 100 department store workers participated in a sit-down strike in New York City. In an interview with a worker from the Federal Writers' Project (an agency of the Works Progress Administration), department store clerk Irving Fajans talked about the sit-in strikers – with demands of a forty-hour work week and higher hourly wages -- and their twelve-day occupation of five New York City chain department stores. (The protest was inspired by a successful sit-down strike by Woolworth’s employees in Detroit; in New York, most of the participants were employees of Grand department stores; the Woolworth‘s sit-down was cut short by arrests.) ## W. S. McIntosh William Sumpter "W. S." McIntosh (February 2, 1921 –- March 4, 1974) was a civil rights leader from Dayton, Ohio. In 1960, McIntosh went to Atlanta, Georgia to observe the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and on February 26, 1961, he led one of the first major civil rights protests in the Dayton, Ohio community. He challenged segregation in Dayton before the Civil Rights Movement gained attention nationally. McIntosh tried negotiation first. If that didn't work, he roused blacks to push for their rights by picketing, sit-ins and boycotts. He utilized nonviolent methods to fight for the rights of minorities to work at Rike's department store, Liberal supermarket, and other establishments in the Dayton area. ## Gus Blass Department Store The Gus Blass Department Store is a historic commercial building at 318-324 Main Street in Little Rock, Arkansas. It is a seven story masonry structure, built in 1912 to a design by George R. Mann, a leading Arkansas architect. It was one of the first instances of two-way concrete slab construction in the nation, and was one of the first department stores in the state to be air conditioned (in 1936). The Blass Department Store was for many years the city's largest department store, and remained in business here into the 1970s, ultimately becoming a part of the Dillard's department store chain before closing in 1972. ## Stockmann, Helsinki centre The Stockmann department store is a culturally significant business building and department store located in the centre of Helsinki, Finland. It is one of many department stores owned by the Stockmann corporation. It is the largest department store in the Nordic countries in terms of area and total sales. The store is known for carrying all the internationally recognised luxury brands, and Stockmann's enjoys a reputation as the primary high-end department store in Finland. "Stockmannin Herkku", the food and beverage department located at the basement level, is renowned for the quality and choice of its foodstuffs. The Stockmann logo represents a set of escalators, which are commonly, but wrongly believed represent the first escalators in Finland. The first escalators in Finland were installed in the Forum department store, Turku (1926) ## E. B. Colwell and Company Department Store The E. B. Colwell and Company Department Store is a historic department store building located at 208 South Main Street and 211 South A Street in Monmouth, Illinois. Local businessman Edward B. Colwell had the store built in 1904. Architect J. Grant Beadle of Galesburg designed the three-story Chicago school building. The store was Monmouth's only true department store; its main competitor, the Allen Store, was the largest dry goods store in Monmouth but was nonetheless smaller than the Colwell store. Shoppers came to the store from throughout Warren County, and from elsewhere in western Illinois via car and interurban railroad. The store's size and reputation allowed it to sell goods such as china under their own brand name, and it came to be known as "the Marshall Field's of western Illinois". The store suffered a downturn during the Great Depression, and while Colwell's second wife kept it in business for many years, the couple sold their store in 1959. ## The SM Store The SM Store (formerly known as SM Department Store) is a department store franchise run by SM Investments, the holding company of the SM Group. SM Department Store now holds more than 30 branches located at cities and provinces in the Philippines. SM Department Store became one of the top retail centers in the Philippines. ## Efird's Department Store Efird's Department Store, also known as Lourie’s Department Store, is a historic department store building located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built about 1870, and is a rectangular brick building renovated and expanded in 1919. This included the addition of a third story and the installation of a new brick façade and store entrances. Between 1919 and 1958, it housed the Columbia branch of the Charlotte, North Carolina based Efird’s Department Store chain. Question: W. S. McIntosh pushed for minorities to be able to work at the department store in what Ohio city? Answer:

Dayton

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Görlitz Department Store The Görlitz department store in Görlitz is one of the best preserved department stores from the beginning of the twentieth century. It is built in the Art Nouveau style and was operated as a department store until August 15, 2009. The city and a citizens' action group tried to revitalize the department store which in 2012 housed only a beauty shop. In 2013, a private investor was found, who would like to obtain the facility as a universal department store, as the Department Store of Upper Lusatia (Kaufhaus der Oberlausitz , KaDeO) and thus a counterpart to the Berlin department store Kaufhaus des Westens (KaDeWe). ## Market Garden Brewery Market Garden Brewery is a brewery located in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. The brewery, which began as a brewpub in 2011 adjacent to the West Side Market, expanded with the opening of a 35,000 square foot production brewhouse in the Spring of 2016. Market Garden's sister location, Nanobrew, is a smaller brewpub—also located on 25th Street—where the brewery develops most of its recipes for larger scale production. The brewery along with Great Lakes Brewing and the Platform Beer Company, comprises a section of Ohio City that is locally referred to as the Brewing District. ## Rike Kumler Co. The Rike-Kumler Company (commonly known as Rike's) was an American department store in Dayton, Ohio. In 1959, Rike's became part of the Federated Department Stores conglomerate. In 1982, Federated merged Rike's with its Cincinnati unit, Shillito's, in order to form Shillito Rikes. In 1986, Federated merged Shillito Rikes into the Columbus-based Lazarus chain, which, in 2005 was consolidated with most other Federated chains under the Macy's brand. ## 1937 New York City department store strikes During the 1937 New York City department store strikes over 100 department store workers participated in a sit-down strike in New York City. In an interview with a worker from the Federal Writers' Project (an agency of the Works Progress Administration), department store clerk Irving Fajans talked about the sit-in strikers – with demands of a forty-hour work week and higher hourly wages -- and their twelve-day occupation of five New York City chain department stores. (The protest was inspired by a successful sit-down strike by Woolworth’s employees in Detroit; in New York, most of the participants were employees of Grand department stores; the Woolworth‘s sit-down was cut short by arrests.) ## W. S. McIntosh William Sumpter "W. S." McIntosh (February 2, 1921 –- March 4, 1974) was a civil rights leader from Dayton, Ohio. In 1960, McIntosh went to Atlanta, Georgia to observe the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and on February 26, 1961, he led one of the first major civil rights protests in the Dayton, Ohio community. He challenged segregation in Dayton before the Civil Rights Movement gained attention nationally. McIntosh tried negotiation first. If that didn't work, he roused blacks to push for their rights by picketing, sit-ins and boycotts. He utilized nonviolent methods to fight for the rights of minorities to work at Rike's department store, Liberal supermarket, and other establishments in the Dayton area. ## Gus Blass Department Store The Gus Blass Department Store is a historic commercial building at 318-324 Main Street in Little Rock, Arkansas. It is a seven story masonry structure, built in 1912 to a design by George R. Mann, a leading Arkansas architect. It was one of the first instances of two-way concrete slab construction in the nation, and was one of the first department stores in the state to be air conditioned (in 1936). The Blass Department Store was for many years the city's largest department store, and remained in business here into the 1970s, ultimately becoming a part of the Dillard's department store chain before closing in 1972. ## Stockmann, Helsinki centre The Stockmann department store is a culturally significant business building and department store located in the centre of Helsinki, Finland. It is one of many department stores owned by the Stockmann corporation. It is the largest department store in the Nordic countries in terms of area and total sales. The store is known for carrying all the internationally recognised luxury brands, and Stockmann's enjoys a reputation as the primary high-end department store in Finland. "Stockmannin Herkku", the food and beverage department located at the basement level, is renowned for the quality and choice of its foodstuffs. The Stockmann logo represents a set of escalators, which are commonly, but wrongly believed represent the first escalators in Finland. The first escalators in Finland were installed in the Forum department store, Turku (1926) ## E. B. Colwell and Company Department Store The E. B. Colwell and Company Department Store is a historic department store building located at 208 South Main Street and 211 South A Street in Monmouth, Illinois. Local businessman Edward B. Colwell had the store built in 1904. Architect J. Grant Beadle of Galesburg designed the three-story Chicago school building. The store was Monmouth's only true department store; its main competitor, the Allen Store, was the largest dry goods store in Monmouth but was nonetheless smaller than the Colwell store. Shoppers came to the store from throughout Warren County, and from elsewhere in western Illinois via car and interurban railroad. The store's size and reputation allowed it to sell goods such as china under their own brand name, and it came to be known as "the Marshall Field's of western Illinois". The store suffered a downturn during the Great Depression, and while Colwell's second wife kept it in business for many years, the couple sold their store in 1959. ## The SM Store The SM Store (formerly known as SM Department Store) is a department store franchise run by SM Investments, the holding company of the SM Group. SM Department Store now holds more than 30 branches located at cities and provinces in the Philippines. SM Department Store became one of the top retail centers in the Philippines. ## Efird's Department Store Efird's Department Store, also known as Lourie’s Department Store, is a historic department store building located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built about 1870, and is a rectangular brick building renovated and expanded in 1919. This included the addition of a third story and the installation of a new brick façade and store entrances. Between 1919 and 1958, it housed the Columbia branch of the Charlotte, North Carolina based Efird’s Department Store chain. Question: W. S. McIntosh pushed for minorities to be able to work at the department store in what Ohio city? Answer: ### Response: Dayton

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Dedicated to Dolphy Dedicated to Dolphy is an album by American jazz saxophonist Oliver Lake recorded in 1994 for the Italian Black Saint label. The album is Lake's second tribute to multi-instrumentalist Eric Dolphy following "Prophet" (1984). ## Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando is the second tribute album by Brazilian singer-songwriter Zé Ramalho, released in 2008. This time, he pays an homage to Bob Dylan, whose "Knockin' on Heaven's Door" had already been covered by him. Most of the songs' lyrics were almost literally rewritten to Portuguese. The album cover is a reference to Dylan's known promotional film clip for the 1965 song "Subterranean Homesick Blues". "O Vento Vai Responder", a cover of "Blowin' in the Wind", was used in the soundtrack of the Rede Globo telenovela, "Caminho das Índias". ## Dressed in Black: A Tribute to Johnny Cash Dressed in Black: A Tribute to Johnny Cash is, as the title suggests, a tribute album to country singer Johnny Cash, released on the Dualtone label on September 17, 2002. It features several of Cash's most well-known songs, such as "Ring of Fire" and "Folsom Prison Blues", as well as a number of more obscure compositions like "I'm Gonna Sit on the Porch and Pick on My Old Guitar" and "Pack Up Your Sorrows". Various artists contributed cover versions to the album; these include Hank Williams III, The Reverend Horton Heat and Raul Malo, but the focus is primarily on less popular artists, as opposed to "", the second tribute album released around the same time. ## Hold Me to This Hold Me to This: Christopher O'Riley Plays Radiohead is the second tribute album by classical pianist Christopher O'Riley of songs by the rock band Radiohead, the first being "True Love Waits". Like O'Riley's earlier album, "Hold Me To This" surveys a broad range of Radiohead's work, producing piano arrangements of complex tracks such as "2 + 2 = 5," "Like Spinning Plates" and "Paranoid Android." ## Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek is a tribute album compiled by Moscow, PA-based independent record label Summersteps Records, released as a follow-up to the label's first Jandek tribute, "". As with "Naked in the Afternoon", "Down In A Mirror" features cover versions of songs by the reclusive avant-folk/blues singer/songwriter Jandek. Some of the artists are members of the Summersteps roster or fans forming one-time combos to participate on the album, but the album also features contributions from Wilco's Jeff Tweedy, Six Organs of Admittance (reportedly a favorite modern act of Jandek's, according to the "unauthorized" "Texas Monthly" interview), The Mountain Goats, Kawabata Makoto of Acid Mothers Temple, Lewis & Clarke and Okkervil River. ## Marvin Is 60: A Tribute Album Marvin Is 60: A Tribute Album is the second tribute album dedicated to Motown recording artist Marvin Gaye, released by Motown in 1999. The album featured covers of Gaye's hits including "Sexual Healing", "Your Precious Love" and "Distant Lover". Artists such as Erykah Badu, D'Angelo, El DeBarge, Chico DeBarge, Joe, Brian McKnight and Gerald Levert took part in paying tribute to Gaye, all of whom considered the singer one of their biggest influences. The album peaked at number 97 on the Billboard Top 200 and number 20 on the Billboard R&B chart and released the cover versions of "Your Precious Love" (Erykah Badu & D'Angelo) and "You Sure Love to Ball" (Will Downing) as singles. ## My Favorites of Hank Williams My Favorites of Hank Williams is an album by American country music artist George Jones. It was released in 1962 on the United Artists record label. It was Jones' second tribute to the music of Hank Williams. ## Parade II -Respective Tracks of Buck-Tick- Parade II -Respective Tracks of Buck-Tick- is the second tribute album to Japanese rock band Buck-Tick, released on July 4, 2012. The album reached number 14 on Billboard Japan Top Albums and number 16 on the Oricon chart. ## Britney 2.0 (EP) Britney 2.0 is an extended play (EP) by the cast of the musical television series "Glee". It contains eight songs from the season four "Glee" episode of the same name, "Britney 2.0", which was the second tribute episode dedicated to American pop singer Britney Spears. The EP is composed of six songs and two mash-ups of Spears songs from her debut album "...Baby One More Time" up to her seventh studio album "Femme Fatale". The EP was only released digitally. ## Jeff Tweedy Jeffrey Scot Tweedy (born August 25, 1967) is an American songwriter, musician, and record producer best known as the singer and guitarist of the band Wilco. Tweedy, originally from Belleville, Illinois, started his music career in high school in his band The Plebes with Jay Farrar, which subsequently after several years formed into the alternative country band Uncle Tupelo. After Uncle Tupelo's fourth studio album, the band broke up in 1994 due to conflict between Tweedy and Farrar, prompting Tweedy to form Wilco, with Farrar forming the band Son Volt. Wilco's first album "A.M.", released in 1995, received mixed reviews from critics, though Wilco later found critical and commercial success on their later albums, most notably with "Yankee Hotel Foxtrot" and "A Ghost Is Born", the latter of which received a Grammy for Best Alternative Album in 2005. Across Tweedy's career he has released fifteen studio albums, including four with Uncle Tupelo, ten with Wilco, and one with his son Spencer, along with numerous collaborations with other musicians, most notably "Mermaid Avenue" with Billy Bragg. Question: What state did Wilco's contributor to "Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek" grow up in? Answer:

Illinois

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Dedicated to Dolphy Dedicated to Dolphy is an album by American jazz saxophonist Oliver Lake recorded in 1994 for the Italian Black Saint label. The album is Lake's second tribute to multi-instrumentalist Eric Dolphy following "Prophet" (1984). ## Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando is the second tribute album by Brazilian singer-songwriter Zé Ramalho, released in 2008. This time, he pays an homage to Bob Dylan, whose "Knockin' on Heaven's Door" had already been covered by him. Most of the songs' lyrics were almost literally rewritten to Portuguese. The album cover is a reference to Dylan's known promotional film clip for the 1965 song "Subterranean Homesick Blues". "O Vento Vai Responder", a cover of "Blowin' in the Wind", was used in the soundtrack of the Rede Globo telenovela, "Caminho das Índias". ## Dressed in Black: A Tribute to Johnny Cash Dressed in Black: A Tribute to Johnny Cash is, as the title suggests, a tribute album to country singer Johnny Cash, released on the Dualtone label on September 17, 2002. It features several of Cash's most well-known songs, such as "Ring of Fire" and "Folsom Prison Blues", as well as a number of more obscure compositions like "I'm Gonna Sit on the Porch and Pick on My Old Guitar" and "Pack Up Your Sorrows". Various artists contributed cover versions to the album; these include Hank Williams III, The Reverend Horton Heat and Raul Malo, but the focus is primarily on less popular artists, as opposed to "", the second tribute album released around the same time. ## Hold Me to This Hold Me to This: Christopher O'Riley Plays Radiohead is the second tribute album by classical pianist Christopher O'Riley of songs by the rock band Radiohead, the first being "True Love Waits". Like O'Riley's earlier album, "Hold Me To This" surveys a broad range of Radiohead's work, producing piano arrangements of complex tracks such as "2 + 2 = 5," "Like Spinning Plates" and "Paranoid Android." ## Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek is a tribute album compiled by Moscow, PA-based independent record label Summersteps Records, released as a follow-up to the label's first Jandek tribute, "". As with "Naked in the Afternoon", "Down In A Mirror" features cover versions of songs by the reclusive avant-folk/blues singer/songwriter Jandek. Some of the artists are members of the Summersteps roster or fans forming one-time combos to participate on the album, but the album also features contributions from Wilco's Jeff Tweedy, Six Organs of Admittance (reportedly a favorite modern act of Jandek's, according to the "unauthorized" "Texas Monthly" interview), The Mountain Goats, Kawabata Makoto of Acid Mothers Temple, Lewis & Clarke and Okkervil River. ## Marvin Is 60: A Tribute Album Marvin Is 60: A Tribute Album is the second tribute album dedicated to Motown recording artist Marvin Gaye, released by Motown in 1999. The album featured covers of Gaye's hits including "Sexual Healing", "Your Precious Love" and "Distant Lover". Artists such as Erykah Badu, D'Angelo, El DeBarge, Chico DeBarge, Joe, Brian McKnight and Gerald Levert took part in paying tribute to Gaye, all of whom considered the singer one of their biggest influences. The album peaked at number 97 on the Billboard Top 200 and number 20 on the Billboard R&B chart and released the cover versions of "Your Precious Love" (Erykah Badu & D'Angelo) and "You Sure Love to Ball" (Will Downing) as singles. ## My Favorites of Hank Williams My Favorites of Hank Williams is an album by American country music artist George Jones. It was released in 1962 on the United Artists record label. It was Jones' second tribute to the music of Hank Williams. ## Parade II -Respective Tracks of Buck-Tick- Parade II -Respective Tracks of Buck-Tick- is the second tribute album to Japanese rock band Buck-Tick, released on July 4, 2012. The album reached number 14 on Billboard Japan Top Albums and number 16 on the Oricon chart. ## Britney 2.0 (EP) Britney 2.0 is an extended play (EP) by the cast of the musical television series "Glee". It contains eight songs from the season four "Glee" episode of the same name, "Britney 2.0", which was the second tribute episode dedicated to American pop singer Britney Spears. The EP is composed of six songs and two mash-ups of Spears songs from her debut album "...Baby One More Time" up to her seventh studio album "Femme Fatale". The EP was only released digitally. ## Jeff Tweedy Jeffrey Scot Tweedy (born August 25, 1967) is an American songwriter, musician, and record producer best known as the singer and guitarist of the band Wilco. Tweedy, originally from Belleville, Illinois, started his music career in high school in his band The Plebes with Jay Farrar, which subsequently after several years formed into the alternative country band Uncle Tupelo. After Uncle Tupelo's fourth studio album, the band broke up in 1994 due to conflict between Tweedy and Farrar, prompting Tweedy to form Wilco, with Farrar forming the band Son Volt. Wilco's first album "A.M.", released in 1995, received mixed reviews from critics, though Wilco later found critical and commercial success on their later albums, most notably with "Yankee Hotel Foxtrot" and "A Ghost Is Born", the latter of which received a Grammy for Best Alternative Album in 2005. Across Tweedy's career he has released fifteen studio albums, including four with Uncle Tupelo, ten with Wilco, and one with his son Spencer, along with numerous collaborations with other musicians, most notably "Mermaid Avenue" with Billy Bragg. Question: What state did Wilco's contributor to "Down in a Mirror: A Second Tribute to Jandek" grow up in? Answer: ### Response: Illinois

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Bump in the Night (TV series) Bump in the Night is an American stop-motion animated series by Danger Productions (later co-produced and distributed by DIC Entertainment) that was filmed using stop-motion animation and aired on ABC from 1994 to 1995. It was created and directed by Ken Pontac and David Bleiman. The series was then broadcast on Toon Disney from 1998 to 2001. ## Coraline Coraline is a dark fantasy children's novella by British author Neil Gaiman, published in 2002 by Bloomsbury and Harper Collins. It was awarded the 2003 Hugo Award for Best Novella, the 2003 Nebula Award for Best Novella, and the 2002 Bram Stoker Award for Best Work for Young Readers. It has been compared to Lewis Carroll's "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" and was adapted into a 2009 stop-motion film directed by Henry Selick. ## Monkeybone Monkeybone is a 2001 American black comedy dark fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, written by Sam Hamm, and produced by Selick, Hamm, Mark Radcliffe, Michael Barnathan, and Chris Columbus. The film combines live-action with stop-motion animation. ## The Nightmare Before Christmas The Nightmare Before Christmas (also known as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas) is a 1993 American stop-motion animated musical dark fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, and produced and conceived by Tim Burton. It tells the story of Jack Skellington, a resident from "Halloween Town" who stumbles through a portal to "Christmas Town" and decides to celebrate the holiday, with some dastardly and comical consequences. Danny Elfman wrote the songs and score, and provided the singing voice of Jack. The principal voice cast also includes Chris Sarandon, Catherine O'Hara, William Hickey, Ken Page, Paul Reubens and Glenn Shadix. ## Coraline (film) Coraline is a 2009 American 3D dark fantasy stop-motion horror film based on Neil Gaiman's 2002 novel of the same name. It was the first feature film produced by Laika and distributed by Focus Features. The film depicts an adventurous girl finding an idealized parallel world behind a secret door in her new home, unaware that the alternate world contains a dark and sinister secret. Written and directed by Henry Selick, the film was made with Gaiman's approval and cooperation. ## The Shadow King The Shadow King is an upcoming stop motion 3D dark fantasy thriller film written and directed by Henry Selick. Initially, The Walt Disney Company made plans to release the project, but eventually dropped out after spending a reported $50 million on it, leaving Selick to proceed without Disney, but with a plot and voice cast. ## Krabat – The Sorcerer's Apprentice Krabat – The Sorcerer's Apprentice () is a 1978 Czechoslovak cutout animated dark fantasy film directed by Karel Zeman, based on the 1971 book "Krabat" by Otfried Preußler, and the Sorbian folk tale upon which the book is based. The name Krabat is derived from the word Croat. ## Jack Skellington Jack Skellington is a character and the main protagonist of the 1993 film "The Nightmare Before Christmas". Jack is the "Pumpkin King" of Halloween Town, a fantasy world based solely on the Halloween holiday. Jack is voiced by Chris Sarandon. Danny Elfman provided Jack's singing voice in the film, although Sarandon has sung as Jack in subsequent productions. ## Corpse Bride Corpse Bride is a 2005 British-American stop-motion-animated musical fantasy film directed by Mike Johnson and Tim Burton with a screenplay by John August, Caroline Thompson and Pamela Pettler based on characters created by Burton and Carlos Grangel. The plot is set in a fictional Victorian era village in Europe. Johnny Depp leads the cast as the voice of Victor, while Helena Bonham Carter voices Emily, the titular bride. "Corpse Bride" is the third stop-motion feature film produced by Burton and the first directed by him (the previous two films, "The Nightmare Before Christmas" and "James and the Giant Peach", were directed by Henry Selick). This is also the first stop-motion feature from Burton that was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It was dedicated to executive producer Joe Ranft, who died during production. ## James and the Giant Peach (film) James and the Giant Peach is a 1996 British-American musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl. It was produced by Tim Burton and Denise Di Novi, directed by Henry Selick, and starred Paul Terry as James. The film is a combination of live action and stop-motion animation. Co-stars Joanna Lumley and Miriam Margolyes played James's aunts in the live-action segments, and Simon Callow, Richard Dreyfuss, Susan Sarandon, Jane Leeves, David Thewlis, and Margoyles voiced his insect friends in the animation sequences. Question: What type of king is the main protagonist from the American stop-motion animated dark fantasy film directy by Henry Selick? Answer:

Pumpkin King

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Bump in the Night (TV series) Bump in the Night is an American stop-motion animated series by Danger Productions (later co-produced and distributed by DIC Entertainment) that was filmed using stop-motion animation and aired on ABC from 1994 to 1995. It was created and directed by Ken Pontac and David Bleiman. The series was then broadcast on Toon Disney from 1998 to 2001. ## Coraline Coraline is a dark fantasy children's novella by British author Neil Gaiman, published in 2002 by Bloomsbury and Harper Collins. It was awarded the 2003 Hugo Award for Best Novella, the 2003 Nebula Award for Best Novella, and the 2002 Bram Stoker Award for Best Work for Young Readers. It has been compared to Lewis Carroll's "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" and was adapted into a 2009 stop-motion film directed by Henry Selick. ## Monkeybone Monkeybone is a 2001 American black comedy dark fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, written by Sam Hamm, and produced by Selick, Hamm, Mark Radcliffe, Michael Barnathan, and Chris Columbus. The film combines live-action with stop-motion animation. ## The Nightmare Before Christmas The Nightmare Before Christmas (also known as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas) is a 1993 American stop-motion animated musical dark fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, and produced and conceived by Tim Burton. It tells the story of Jack Skellington, a resident from "Halloween Town" who stumbles through a portal to "Christmas Town" and decides to celebrate the holiday, with some dastardly and comical consequences. Danny Elfman wrote the songs and score, and provided the singing voice of Jack. The principal voice cast also includes Chris Sarandon, Catherine O'Hara, William Hickey, Ken Page, Paul Reubens and Glenn Shadix. ## Coraline (film) Coraline is a 2009 American 3D dark fantasy stop-motion horror film based on Neil Gaiman's 2002 novel of the same name. It was the first feature film produced by Laika and distributed by Focus Features. The film depicts an adventurous girl finding an idealized parallel world behind a secret door in her new home, unaware that the alternate world contains a dark and sinister secret. Written and directed by Henry Selick, the film was made with Gaiman's approval and cooperation. ## The Shadow King The Shadow King is an upcoming stop motion 3D dark fantasy thriller film written and directed by Henry Selick. Initially, The Walt Disney Company made plans to release the project, but eventually dropped out after spending a reported $50 million on it, leaving Selick to proceed without Disney, but with a plot and voice cast. ## Krabat – The Sorcerer's Apprentice Krabat – The Sorcerer's Apprentice () is a 1978 Czechoslovak cutout animated dark fantasy film directed by Karel Zeman, based on the 1971 book "Krabat" by Otfried Preußler, and the Sorbian folk tale upon which the book is based. The name Krabat is derived from the word Croat. ## Jack Skellington Jack Skellington is a character and the main protagonist of the 1993 film "The Nightmare Before Christmas". Jack is the "Pumpkin King" of Halloween Town, a fantasy world based solely on the Halloween holiday. Jack is voiced by Chris Sarandon. Danny Elfman provided Jack's singing voice in the film, although Sarandon has sung as Jack in subsequent productions. ## Corpse Bride Corpse Bride is a 2005 British-American stop-motion-animated musical fantasy film directed by Mike Johnson and Tim Burton with a screenplay by John August, Caroline Thompson and Pamela Pettler based on characters created by Burton and Carlos Grangel. The plot is set in a fictional Victorian era village in Europe. Johnny Depp leads the cast as the voice of Victor, while Helena Bonham Carter voices Emily, the titular bride. "Corpse Bride" is the third stop-motion feature film produced by Burton and the first directed by him (the previous two films, "The Nightmare Before Christmas" and "James and the Giant Peach", were directed by Henry Selick). This is also the first stop-motion feature from Burton that was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It was dedicated to executive producer Joe Ranft, who died during production. ## James and the Giant Peach (film) James and the Giant Peach is a 1996 British-American musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl. It was produced by Tim Burton and Denise Di Novi, directed by Henry Selick, and starred Paul Terry as James. The film is a combination of live action and stop-motion animation. Co-stars Joanna Lumley and Miriam Margolyes played James's aunts in the live-action segments, and Simon Callow, Richard Dreyfuss, Susan Sarandon, Jane Leeves, David Thewlis, and Margoyles voiced his insect friends in the animation sequences. Question: What type of king is the main protagonist from the American stop-motion animated dark fantasy film directy by Henry Selick? Answer: ### Response: Pumpkin King

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Avaris Avaris ( ; Egyptian: ḥw.t wr.t, Budge notation: "Hut-waret", Greek: Αὔαρις, "Auaris" ) was the capital of Egypt under the Hyksos. It was located at modern Tell el-Dab'a in the northeastern region of the Nile Delta, at the juncture of the 8th, 14th, 19th and 20th Nomes. As the main course of the Nile migrated eastward, its position at the hub of Egypt's delta emporia made it a major administrative capital of the Hyksos and other traders. It was occupied from about 1783 to 1550 BC, or from the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt through the second intermediate period until its destruction by Ahmose I, the first Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. The name in the Egyptian language of the 2nd millennium BC was probably pronounced *Ḥaʔat-Wūrat 'Great House' and denotes the capital of an administrative division of the land. Today, the name "Hawara" survives, referring to the site at the entrance to Faiyum. Alternatively, Clement of Alexandria referred to the name of this city as "Athyria". ## KV12 Located in the Valley of the Kings, Tomb KV12 is an unusual tomb, used originally in the Eighteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, and then again in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Dynasties. It was probably used for multiple burials of royal family members, rather like KV5. ## Valley of the Kings The Valley of the Kings (Arabic: وادي الملوك‎ ‎ "Wādī al Mulūk" ), the "Valley of the Gates of the Kings" (Arabic: وادي ابواب الملوك‎ ‎ "Wādī Abwāb al Mulūk" ), is a valley in Egypt where, for a period of nearly 500 years from the 16th to 11th century BC, rock cut tombs were excavated for the Pharaohs and powerful nobles of the New Kingdom (the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Dynasties of Ancient Egypt). ## New Kingdom of Egypt The New Kingdom of Egypt, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, is the period in ancient Egyptian history between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC, covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of Egypt. Radiocarbon dating places the exact beginning of the New Kingdom between 1570 BC and 1544 BC. ## Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt The Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVIII, alternatively 18th Dynasty or Dynasty 18) is classified as the first Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1549/1550 BC to 1292 BC. It boasts several of Egypt's most famous pharaohs, including Tutankhamun, whose tomb was found by Howard Carter in 1922. This dynasty is also known as the Thutmosid Dynasty for the four pharaohs named Thutmosis. ## First Intermediate Period of Egypt The First Intermediate Period, often described as a "dark period" in ancient Egyptian history, spanned approximately one hundred and twenty-five years, from c. 2181–2055 BC, after the end of the Old Kingdom. It comprises the seventh (although it is mostly considered spurious by Egyptologists), eighth, ninth, tenth, and part of the eleventh dynasties. Very little monumental evidence survives from this period, especially towards the beginning of the era. The First Intermediate Period was a dynamic time in history where rule of Egypt was roughly divided between two competing power bases. One of those bases resided at Heracleopolis in Lower Egypt, a city just south of the Faiyum region. The other resided at Thebes in Upper Egypt. It is believed that during this time, the temples were pillaged and violated, their existing artwork was vandalized, and the statues of kings were broken or destroyed as a result of this alleged political chaos. These two kingdoms would eventually come into conflict, with the Theban kings conquering the north, resulting in reunification of Egypt under a single ruler during the second part of the eleventh dynasty. ## Helwan (cemetery) At Helwan south of modern Cairo was excavated a large Ancient Egyptian cemetery with more than 10.000 burials. The cemetery was in use from the Naqada Period around 3200 BC to the Fourth Dynasty and again at the beginning of the Middle Kingdom and then up to the Roman Period and beyond. The burial ground was discovered and excavated by Zaki Saad in 1942 to 1954. Further excavations started in 1997 by an Australian expedition. The excavations of Zaki Saad were never fully published, only several preliminary reports appeared. Helwan was most likely the cemetery of Memphis in the first Dynasties. The tombs range from small pits to bigger elaborated mastabas. Regarding the underground parts of these tombs, two types are attested. There are on one side pits with the burial at the bottom and there are on the other side underground chambers, reached via a pit or via a staircase. The majority of burials are for one deceased. There are some examples of multiple burials. The deceased were mostly place in reed mats or coffins of different materials. Most of the bodies were found in a contracted position. Most tombs were built of mud bricks. Roofs are often made of timber. Some walls in the underground chambers were covered with plaster. In several tombs stones were found, used for roofing the tomb chamber, for blocking the entrance and in rare cases for paving walls. Some of the more elaborate tombs had several underground chambers. These chambers were often reached via a staircase. The people buried here belonged to all levels of society, albeit the highest officials were buried at Saqqara. Over 40 stelae were found belonging to the upper levels of society. They are an important source for early writing in Egypt. A certain Meriiti bears many titles on his stela and dates moast likely to the First Dynasty. A few stelae also belong to members of the royal family, such as the "king's daughter" Satkhnum, the "king's daughter" Khenmetptah and the "king's son" Nisuheqet. The stela date from about the middle of the First Dynasty to the early Fourth Dynasty. ## Resheph Resheph (also "Rešef, Reshef"; Canaanite "ršp" רשף ; Eblaite "Rašap", Egyptian "ršpw ") was a deity associated with plague (or a personification of plague) in ancient Canaanite religion. The originally Eblaite and Canaanite deity was adopted into ancient Egyptian religion in the late Bronze Age during the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (late 15th century BC) as a god of horses and chariots. ## Amarna letters The Amarna letters (sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA) are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom. The letters were found in Upper Egypt at Amarna, the modern name for the ancient Egyptian capital of "Akhetaten" (el-Amarna), founded by pharaoh Akhenaten (1350s – 1330s BC) during the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. The Amarna letters are unusual in Egyptological research, because they are mostly written in Akkadian cuneiform, the writing system of ancient Mesopotamia, rather than that of ancient Egypt. The known tablets total 382: 24 tablets had been recovered since the Norwegian Assyriologist Jørgen Alexander Knudtzon's landmark edition of the Amarna letters, "Die El-Amarna-Tafel", published in two volumes (1907 and 1915). The written correspondence spans a period of at most thirty years. ## Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt is the era immediately following the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt "c." 3100 BC. It is generally taken to include the First and Second Dynasties, lasting from the end of the Naqada III archaeological period until about 2686 BC, or the beginning of the Old Kingdom. With the First Dynasty, the capital moved from Thinis to Memphis with a unified Egypt ruled by an Egyptian god-king. Abydos remained the major holy land in the south. The hallmarks of ancient Egyptian civilization, such as art, architecture and many aspects of religion, took shape during the Early Dynastic period. Question: The Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt is classified as the first Dynasty of what period in ancient Egyptian history between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC, covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of Egypt? Answer:

New Kingdom of Egypt

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Avaris Avaris ( ; Egyptian: ḥw.t wr.t, Budge notation: "Hut-waret", Greek: Αὔαρις, "Auaris" ) was the capital of Egypt under the Hyksos. It was located at modern Tell el-Dab'a in the northeastern region of the Nile Delta, at the juncture of the 8th, 14th, 19th and 20th Nomes. As the main course of the Nile migrated eastward, its position at the hub of Egypt's delta emporia made it a major administrative capital of the Hyksos and other traders. It was occupied from about 1783 to 1550 BC, or from the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt through the second intermediate period until its destruction by Ahmose I, the first Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. The name in the Egyptian language of the 2nd millennium BC was probably pronounced *Ḥaʔat-Wūrat 'Great House' and denotes the capital of an administrative division of the land. Today, the name "Hawara" survives, referring to the site at the entrance to Faiyum. Alternatively, Clement of Alexandria referred to the name of this city as "Athyria". ## KV12 Located in the Valley of the Kings, Tomb KV12 is an unusual tomb, used originally in the Eighteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, and then again in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Dynasties. It was probably used for multiple burials of royal family members, rather like KV5. ## Valley of the Kings The Valley of the Kings (Arabic: وادي الملوك‎ ‎ "Wādī al Mulūk" ), the "Valley of the Gates of the Kings" (Arabic: وادي ابواب الملوك‎ ‎ "Wādī Abwāb al Mulūk" ), is a valley in Egypt where, for a period of nearly 500 years from the 16th to 11th century BC, rock cut tombs were excavated for the Pharaohs and powerful nobles of the New Kingdom (the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Dynasties of Ancient Egypt). ## New Kingdom of Egypt The New Kingdom of Egypt, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, is the period in ancient Egyptian history between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC, covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of Egypt. Radiocarbon dating places the exact beginning of the New Kingdom between 1570 BC and 1544 BC. ## Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt The Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVIII, alternatively 18th Dynasty or Dynasty 18) is classified as the first Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1549/1550 BC to 1292 BC. It boasts several of Egypt's most famous pharaohs, including Tutankhamun, whose tomb was found by Howard Carter in 1922. This dynasty is also known as the Thutmosid Dynasty for the four pharaohs named Thutmosis. ## First Intermediate Period of Egypt The First Intermediate Period, often described as a "dark period" in ancient Egyptian history, spanned approximately one hundred and twenty-five years, from c. 2181–2055 BC, after the end of the Old Kingdom. It comprises the seventh (although it is mostly considered spurious by Egyptologists), eighth, ninth, tenth, and part of the eleventh dynasties. Very little monumental evidence survives from this period, especially towards the beginning of the era. The First Intermediate Period was a dynamic time in history where rule of Egypt was roughly divided between two competing power bases. One of those bases resided at Heracleopolis in Lower Egypt, a city just south of the Faiyum region. The other resided at Thebes in Upper Egypt. It is believed that during this time, the temples were pillaged and violated, their existing artwork was vandalized, and the statues of kings were broken or destroyed as a result of this alleged political chaos. These two kingdoms would eventually come into conflict, with the Theban kings conquering the north, resulting in reunification of Egypt under a single ruler during the second part of the eleventh dynasty. ## Helwan (cemetery) At Helwan south of modern Cairo was excavated a large Ancient Egyptian cemetery with more than 10.000 burials. The cemetery was in use from the Naqada Period around 3200 BC to the Fourth Dynasty and again at the beginning of the Middle Kingdom and then up to the Roman Period and beyond. The burial ground was discovered and excavated by Zaki Saad in 1942 to 1954. Further excavations started in 1997 by an Australian expedition. The excavations of Zaki Saad were never fully published, only several preliminary reports appeared. Helwan was most likely the cemetery of Memphis in the first Dynasties. The tombs range from small pits to bigger elaborated mastabas. Regarding the underground parts of these tombs, two types are attested. There are on one side pits with the burial at the bottom and there are on the other side underground chambers, reached via a pit or via a staircase. The majority of burials are for one deceased. There are some examples of multiple burials. The deceased were mostly place in reed mats or coffins of different materials. Most of the bodies were found in a contracted position. Most tombs were built of mud bricks. Roofs are often made of timber. Some walls in the underground chambers were covered with plaster. In several tombs stones were found, used for roofing the tomb chamber, for blocking the entrance and in rare cases for paving walls. Some of the more elaborate tombs had several underground chambers. These chambers were often reached via a staircase. The people buried here belonged to all levels of society, albeit the highest officials were buried at Saqqara. Over 40 stelae were found belonging to the upper levels of society. They are an important source for early writing in Egypt. A certain Meriiti bears many titles on his stela and dates moast likely to the First Dynasty. A few stelae also belong to members of the royal family, such as the "king's daughter" Satkhnum, the "king's daughter" Khenmetptah and the "king's son" Nisuheqet. The stela date from about the middle of the First Dynasty to the early Fourth Dynasty. ## Resheph Resheph (also "Rešef, Reshef"; Canaanite "ršp" רשף ; Eblaite "Rašap", Egyptian "ršpw ") was a deity associated with plague (or a personification of plague) in ancient Canaanite religion. The originally Eblaite and Canaanite deity was adopted into ancient Egyptian religion in the late Bronze Age during the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (late 15th century BC) as a god of horses and chariots. ## Amarna letters The Amarna letters (sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA) are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom. The letters were found in Upper Egypt at Amarna, the modern name for the ancient Egyptian capital of "Akhetaten" (el-Amarna), founded by pharaoh Akhenaten (1350s – 1330s BC) during the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. The Amarna letters are unusual in Egyptological research, because they are mostly written in Akkadian cuneiform, the writing system of ancient Mesopotamia, rather than that of ancient Egypt. The known tablets total 382: 24 tablets had been recovered since the Norwegian Assyriologist Jørgen Alexander Knudtzon's landmark edition of the Amarna letters, "Die El-Amarna-Tafel", published in two volumes (1907 and 1915). The written correspondence spans a period of at most thirty years. ## Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt is the era immediately following the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt "c." 3100 BC. It is generally taken to include the First and Second Dynasties, lasting from the end of the Naqada III archaeological period until about 2686 BC, or the beginning of the Old Kingdom. With the First Dynasty, the capital moved from Thinis to Memphis with a unified Egypt ruled by an Egyptian god-king. Abydos remained the major holy land in the south. The hallmarks of ancient Egyptian civilization, such as art, architecture and many aspects of religion, took shape during the Early Dynastic period. Question: The Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt is classified as the first Dynasty of what period in ancient Egyptian history between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC, covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of Egypt? Answer: ### Response: New Kingdom of Egypt

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## West Side (Manhattan) The West Side of Manhattan refers to the side of Manhattan Island which abuts the Hudson River and faces New Jersey. Fifth Avenue, Central Park, and lower Broadway separate it from the East Side. The major neighborhoods on the West Side are (from north to south) West Harlem, Morningside Heights, Manhattan Valley, Upper West Side, Hell's Kitchen, Chelsea, West Village, SoHo, and Tribeca. The 8th Avenue and West Side subway lines connect all parts of the West Side. The main north-south roads servicing the West Side are the Henry Hudson Parkway in the north, and the West Side Highway in the south. The Hudson River Greenway separates them from the west shore of the island. ## Florida State Road 925 State Road 925 (SR 925) is a pair of north-south roads in Miami, Florida connecting westbound SR 968 with the I-95 exits on Northwest 8th Street. The northbound road is known locally as Northwest 3rd Avenue and runs 0.565 mi . The southbound road is known as Northwest 3rd Court and runs 0.506 mi . Both roads run parallel to Interstate 95 on opposite sides. The SR 925 designation was created in 2014 as part of a jurisdictional swap over various roadways between the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) and the City of Miami. ## A66 road The A66 is a major road in Northern England, which in part follows the course of the Roman road from Scotch Corner to Penrith. It runs from east of Middlesbrough in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire to Workington in Cumbria. It is anomalously numbered since west of Penrith it trespasses into numbering zone 5; this is because it originally terminated at the A6 in Penrith but was extended further west in order to create one continuous east–west route. Most of what is now the A66 west of Penrith was originally A594 – only a small stub of this road numbering remains, from Maryport to Cockermouth. ## Pekin Street Historic District The Pekin Street Historic District is a residential historic district bounded by Pekin and Candace Streets, Douglas and Chalkstone Avenues in Providence, Rhode Island. It is a well-preserved densely built neighborhood of working class housing, built almost entirely between 1870 and 1910. Most of the structures are either two or three-family units, with two-families predominating among the older buildings and triple-deckers among the later ones. The buildings are generally set on narrow lots with small yards. The district's main north-south roads are Pekin and Candace Streets, which are joined by a number of cross streets. ## Inca road system The Inca road system was the most extensive and advanced transportation system in pre-Columbian South America. It was about 24800 mi long. The construction of the roads required a large expenditure of time and effort, and the quality of that construction is borne out by the fact that it is still in quite good condition after over 400 years of use. The network was based on two north-south roads with numerous branches. The best known portion of the road system is the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu. Part of the road network was built by cultures that precede the Inca Empire, notably the Wari culture. During the Spanish colonial era, parts of the road system were given the status of "Camino Real". In 2014 the road system became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ## Fifth and Main Historic District The Fifth and Main Historic District is a collection of adjoining structures and national historic district located on the northeast corner of the intersection of Main and Fifth streets in Joplin, Jasper County, Missouri, United States. This historic district consists of three early 20th century structures: the Christman Building, the Christman Building Annex and the Paramount Building. The Fifth and Main Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. In 2008, it was encompassed by the Joplin Downtown Historic District. ## Decumano Superiore, Naples The Decumano or Decumanus Superiore was one of the three main North-South roads (Decumani) in the Ancient Roman city of Naples. ## A6 road (England) The A6 is one of the main historic north-south roads in England. It currently runs from Luton in Bedfordshire to Carlisle in Cumbria, although it formerly started at a junction with the A1 at Barnet. It is the fourth longest numbered road in Britain, behind only the A1, A38 and A30. ## Hadlyme North Historic District The Hadlyme North Historic District is an 81 acre historic district located in the southwest corner of the town of East Haddam, Connecticut (just north of the town line with Lyme). It represents the core of the village of Hadlyme, which straddles the town line, and consists primarily of two north-south roads, Town Street (Route 82 and Old Town Street). The district includes 39 contributing buildings and 12 non-contributing buildings, with examples of Colonial, Mid 19th Century Revival, and "Postmedieval English" architecture. The district also includes a cemetery and a rock-walled mill pond. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. ## Ouellette Avenue Ouellette Avenue (most commonly pronounced Oh-Let, pronounced by French-speakers as 'Wellette') is one of the main North-South Roads in Windsor, Ontario, and acts as its Main Street. The road diverges from Dougall Avenue south of Downtown Windsor, travelling northward over the Essex Terminal Railway/CP Rail tracks, before terminating at a turnaround and parking lot at Dieppe Gardens in Windsor's core. Question: What is the main historic north-south roads in England? Answer:

The A6 is one of the main historic north-south roads in England.

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## West Side (Manhattan) The West Side of Manhattan refers to the side of Manhattan Island which abuts the Hudson River and faces New Jersey. Fifth Avenue, Central Park, and lower Broadway separate it from the East Side. The major neighborhoods on the West Side are (from north to south) West Harlem, Morningside Heights, Manhattan Valley, Upper West Side, Hell's Kitchen, Chelsea, West Village, SoHo, and Tribeca. The 8th Avenue and West Side subway lines connect all parts of the West Side. The main north-south roads servicing the West Side are the Henry Hudson Parkway in the north, and the West Side Highway in the south. The Hudson River Greenway separates them from the west shore of the island. ## Florida State Road 925 State Road 925 (SR 925) is a pair of north-south roads in Miami, Florida connecting westbound SR 968 with the I-95 exits on Northwest 8th Street. The northbound road is known locally as Northwest 3rd Avenue and runs 0.565 mi . The southbound road is known as Northwest 3rd Court and runs 0.506 mi . Both roads run parallel to Interstate 95 on opposite sides. The SR 925 designation was created in 2014 as part of a jurisdictional swap over various roadways between the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) and the City of Miami. ## A66 road The A66 is a major road in Northern England, which in part follows the course of the Roman road from Scotch Corner to Penrith. It runs from east of Middlesbrough in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire to Workington in Cumbria. It is anomalously numbered since west of Penrith it trespasses into numbering zone 5; this is because it originally terminated at the A6 in Penrith but was extended further west in order to create one continuous east–west route. Most of what is now the A66 west of Penrith was originally A594 – only a small stub of this road numbering remains, from Maryport to Cockermouth. ## Pekin Street Historic District The Pekin Street Historic District is a residential historic district bounded by Pekin and Candace Streets, Douglas and Chalkstone Avenues in Providence, Rhode Island. It is a well-preserved densely built neighborhood of working class housing, built almost entirely between 1870 and 1910. Most of the structures are either two or three-family units, with two-families predominating among the older buildings and triple-deckers among the later ones. The buildings are generally set on narrow lots with small yards. The district's main north-south roads are Pekin and Candace Streets, which are joined by a number of cross streets. ## Inca road system The Inca road system was the most extensive and advanced transportation system in pre-Columbian South America. It was about 24800 mi long. The construction of the roads required a large expenditure of time and effort, and the quality of that construction is borne out by the fact that it is still in quite good condition after over 400 years of use. The network was based on two north-south roads with numerous branches. The best known portion of the road system is the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu. Part of the road network was built by cultures that precede the Inca Empire, notably the Wari culture. During the Spanish colonial era, parts of the road system were given the status of "Camino Real". In 2014 the road system became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ## Fifth and Main Historic District The Fifth and Main Historic District is a collection of adjoining structures and national historic district located on the northeast corner of the intersection of Main and Fifth streets in Joplin, Jasper County, Missouri, United States. This historic district consists of three early 20th century structures: the Christman Building, the Christman Building Annex and the Paramount Building. The Fifth and Main Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. In 2008, it was encompassed by the Joplin Downtown Historic District. ## Decumano Superiore, Naples The Decumano or Decumanus Superiore was one of the three main North-South roads (Decumani) in the Ancient Roman city of Naples. ## A6 road (England) The A6 is one of the main historic north-south roads in England. It currently runs from Luton in Bedfordshire to Carlisle in Cumbria, although it formerly started at a junction with the A1 at Barnet. It is the fourth longest numbered road in Britain, behind only the A1, A38 and A30. ## Hadlyme North Historic District The Hadlyme North Historic District is an 81 acre historic district located in the southwest corner of the town of East Haddam, Connecticut (just north of the town line with Lyme). It represents the core of the village of Hadlyme, which straddles the town line, and consists primarily of two north-south roads, Town Street (Route 82 and Old Town Street). The district includes 39 contributing buildings and 12 non-contributing buildings, with examples of Colonial, Mid 19th Century Revival, and "Postmedieval English" architecture. The district also includes a cemetery and a rock-walled mill pond. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. ## Ouellette Avenue Ouellette Avenue (most commonly pronounced Oh-Let, pronounced by French-speakers as 'Wellette') is one of the main North-South Roads in Windsor, Ontario, and acts as its Main Street. The road diverges from Dougall Avenue south of Downtown Windsor, travelling northward over the Essex Terminal Railway/CP Rail tracks, before terminating at a turnaround and parking lot at Dieppe Gardens in Windsor's core. Question: What is the main historic north-south roads in England? Answer: ### Response: The A6 is one of the main historic north-south roads in England.

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Les Revenants (TV series) The Returned (French: Les Revenants ) is a French supernatural drama television series created by Fabrice Gobert, based on the 2004 French film "They Came Back" ("Les Revenants"), directed by Robin Campillo. The series debuted on 26 November 2012 on Canal+ and completed its first season, consisting of eight episodes, on 17 December. In 2013, the first season won an International Emmy for Best Drama Series. ## Grimm (season 5) The fifth season of the NBC American supernatural drama series "Grimm" was announced on February 5, 2015. It premiered on October 30, 2015 and concluded on May 20, 2016. The season consisted of 22 episodes. The series was created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, and produced by NBC, GK Productions, Hazy Mills Productions, and Universal Television. It follows a descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm. ## List of Grimm episodes "Grimm" was an American dark fantasy crime drama television series created by Stephen Carpenter, David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf. The show ran, on NBC, from October 28, 2011 to March 31, 2017. The series follows homicide detective Nick Burkhardt (David Giuntoli) who learns that he is a descendant of a group of hunters known as "Grimms", who fight to keep humanity safe from the supernatural creatures of the world. ## Grimm (season 6) The sixth and final season of the NBC American supernatural drama series "Grimm" was announced on April 18, 2016. It premiered on January 6 and concluded on April 7, 2017. The season consisted of 13 episodes. The series, created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, is produced by NBC, GK Productions, Hazy Mills Productions, and Universal Television. The main plot follows a descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm. ## Grimm (season 1) The first season of the NBC American supernatural drama series "Grimm" premiered on October 28, 2011, and concluded on May 18, 2012. It consisted of 22 episodes. The series, created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, follows the last known descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm. ## Fallout (Heroes) "Fallout" is the eleventh episode of the NBC supernatural drama series "Heroes". ## List of Tru Calling episodes "Tru Calling" is a supernatural drama that aired on the Fox Network. The series premiered on October 30, 2003, and ran for two seasons before it was cancelled during its second season. The twenty-fifth episode, "Enough", on April 21, 2005 was the final episode to be shown by Fox. Season two premiered in New Zealand on the TV3 network on February 4, 2005 and ended on March 11, 2005. Season two premiered in the United States on March 31, 2005 and five episodes were shown. The final episode was never aired on Fox due to its Christmas theme and tentative April airdate, though it was shown on the Sci Fi Channel during a marathon on January 21, 2008. The series ran for a total of 26 episodes. ## John Jackson (writer) After leaving Cambridge University, John Jackson developed and script edited the ITV soap Night and Day. Altogether he wrote 35 episodes for the TV Series. In 2009 he wrote the episode "The King Is Dead, Long Live the King…" for the BBC One series Robin Hood. From 2010 to 2012 he wrote two episodes of the serial drama Lip Service. From 2011 until 2013 he wrote three episodes for the supernatural drama Being Human. This brought him a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best TV Drama Series. He also wrote two episodes for the "Being Human" spin off Becoming Human. In 2014 Jackson wrote an episode for another BBC Three series, In the Flesh. ## Grimm (TV series) Grimm is an American fantasy police procedural drama television series created by Stephen Carpenter and Jim Kouf and produced by Universal Television for NBC. The series aired from October 28, 2011 to March 31, 2017, for 123 episodes, over six seasons. The series' narrative follows Portland Homicide detective, Nick Burkhardt (played by David Giuntoli), who discovers he is a "Grimm", the latest in a line of Guardians who are sworn to keep the balance between humanity and mythological creatures, known as Wesen. The series features a supporting cast, consisting of Russell Hornsby, Bitsie Tulloch, Silas Weir Mitchell, Sasha Roiz, Reggie Lee, Bree Turner and Claire Coffee. ## The End (Grimm) "The End" is the series finale of the supernatural drama television series "Grimm", consisting of the 13th episode of season 6 and the 123rd episode overall, which premiered on March 31, 2017, on the cable network NBC. The episode was written by series co-creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf and was directed by Greenwalt. Question: How many episodes were in the first season of the NBC supernatural drama series in which the premier was October 28, 2011 and lasted until March 31, 2017? Answer:

22

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Les Revenants (TV series) The Returned (French: Les Revenants ) is a French supernatural drama television series created by Fabrice Gobert, based on the 2004 French film "They Came Back" ("Les Revenants"), directed by Robin Campillo. The series debuted on 26 November 2012 on Canal+ and completed its first season, consisting of eight episodes, on 17 December. In 2013, the first season won an International Emmy for Best Drama Series. ## Grimm (season 5) The fifth season of the NBC American supernatural drama series "Grimm" was announced on February 5, 2015. It premiered on October 30, 2015 and concluded on May 20, 2016. The season consisted of 22 episodes. The series was created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, and produced by NBC, GK Productions, Hazy Mills Productions, and Universal Television. It follows a descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm. ## List of Grimm episodes "Grimm" was an American dark fantasy crime drama television series created by Stephen Carpenter, David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf. The show ran, on NBC, from October 28, 2011 to March 31, 2017. The series follows homicide detective Nick Burkhardt (David Giuntoli) who learns that he is a descendant of a group of hunters known as "Grimms", who fight to keep humanity safe from the supernatural creatures of the world. ## Grimm (season 6) The sixth and final season of the NBC American supernatural drama series "Grimm" was announced on April 18, 2016. It premiered on January 6 and concluded on April 7, 2017. The season consisted of 13 episodes. The series, created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, is produced by NBC, GK Productions, Hazy Mills Productions, and Universal Television. The main plot follows a descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm. ## Grimm (season 1) The first season of the NBC American supernatural drama series "Grimm" premiered on October 28, 2011, and concluded on May 18, 2012. It consisted of 22 episodes. The series, created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, follows the last known descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm. ## Fallout (Heroes) "Fallout" is the eleventh episode of the NBC supernatural drama series "Heroes". ## List of Tru Calling episodes "Tru Calling" is a supernatural drama that aired on the Fox Network. The series premiered on October 30, 2003, and ran for two seasons before it was cancelled during its second season. The twenty-fifth episode, "Enough", on April 21, 2005 was the final episode to be shown by Fox. Season two premiered in New Zealand on the TV3 network on February 4, 2005 and ended on March 11, 2005. Season two premiered in the United States on March 31, 2005 and five episodes were shown. The final episode was never aired on Fox due to its Christmas theme and tentative April airdate, though it was shown on the Sci Fi Channel during a marathon on January 21, 2008. The series ran for a total of 26 episodes. ## John Jackson (writer) After leaving Cambridge University, John Jackson developed and script edited the ITV soap Night and Day. Altogether he wrote 35 episodes for the TV Series. In 2009 he wrote the episode "The King Is Dead, Long Live the King…" for the BBC One series Robin Hood. From 2010 to 2012 he wrote two episodes of the serial drama Lip Service. From 2011 until 2013 he wrote three episodes for the supernatural drama Being Human. This brought him a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best TV Drama Series. He also wrote two episodes for the "Being Human" spin off Becoming Human. In 2014 Jackson wrote an episode for another BBC Three series, In the Flesh. ## Grimm (TV series) Grimm is an American fantasy police procedural drama television series created by Stephen Carpenter and Jim Kouf and produced by Universal Television for NBC. The series aired from October 28, 2011 to March 31, 2017, for 123 episodes, over six seasons. The series' narrative follows Portland Homicide detective, Nick Burkhardt (played by David Giuntoli), who discovers he is a "Grimm", the latest in a line of Guardians who are sworn to keep the balance between humanity and mythological creatures, known as Wesen. The series features a supporting cast, consisting of Russell Hornsby, Bitsie Tulloch, Silas Weir Mitchell, Sasha Roiz, Reggie Lee, Bree Turner and Claire Coffee. ## The End (Grimm) "The End" is the series finale of the supernatural drama television series "Grimm", consisting of the 13th episode of season 6 and the 123rd episode overall, which premiered on March 31, 2017, on the cable network NBC. The episode was written by series co-creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf and was directed by Greenwalt. Question: How many episodes were in the first season of the NBC supernatural drama series in which the premier was October 28, 2011 and lasted until March 31, 2017? Answer: ### Response: 22

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Alexander Hamilton (Trumbull) Alexander Hamilton is a 1792 full-length portrait of Alexander Hamilton by John Trumbull. It is one of multiple paintings John Trumbull made of Alexander Hamilton. ## Hamilton (musical) Hamilton: An American Musical is a sung- and rapped-through musical about the life of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, with music, lyrics and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda, inspired by the 2004 biography "Alexander Hamilton" by historian Ron Chernow. Notably incorporating hip-hop, rhythm and blues, pop music, traditional-style show tunes and color-conscious casting of non-white actors as the Founding Fathers and other historical figures, the musical achieved both critical acclaim and box office success. ## Alexander Hamilton House The Alexander Hamilton House is a historic home located at 45 East Main Street in Waynesboro, Franklin County, Pennsylvania. It is now operated as the Alexander Hamilton Memorial Free Library. The house and library are named for Alexander Hamilton, a local Waynesboro land speculator and wagon maker who owned the house. It remained in his family for a century. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 27, 1980. ## Alexander Hamilton Jr. Colonel Alexander Hamilton Jr. (May 16, 1786 – August 2, 1875) was the third child and the second son of Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton and Alexander Hamilton, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. ## Alexander Hamilton (song) "Alexander Hamilton" is the opening number for the 2015 musical "Hamilton", a musical biography of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. This song features "alternately rapped and sung exposition". ## It's Quiet Uptown "It's Quiet Uptown" is the eighteenth song from Act 2 of the musical "Hamilton", based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. The song takes place in the second act of the musical, as the characters Alexander Hamilton and his wife Eliza grieve over their son's death. ## Lin-Manuel Miranda Lin-Manuel Miranda ( ; born January 16, 1980) is an American composer, lyricist, playwright, and actor best known for creating and starring in the Broadway musicals "Hamilton" and "In the Heights". He co-wrote the songs for Disney's "Moana" soundtrack (2016) and is set to star in their upcoming film "Mary Poppins Returns". Miranda's awards include a Pulitzer Prize, two Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, and three Tony Awards. ## The Room Where It Happens "The Room Where It Happens" is the fifth song from Act 2 of the musical "Hamilton", based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. The musical relates the life of Alexander Hamilton and his relationships with his family, and Aaron Burr. Lin-Manuel Miranda composed the music, lyrics and book for the song and musical. The song relates the story of the Compromise of 1790. ## Hamilton (album) Hamilton is the cast album to the 2015 musical "Hamilton". The musical is based on the 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton written by Ron Chernow, with music, lyrics, and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda. The recording stars Lin-Manuel Miranda, Leslie Odom Jr., Phillipa Soo, Renée Elise Goldsberry, Christopher Jackson, Daveed Diggs, Anthony Ramos, Okieriete Onaodowan, Jasmine Cephas Jones, and Jonathan Groff. It also features Jon Rua, Thayne Jasperson, Sydney James Harcourt, Ariana DeBose, and Sasha Hutchings. It achieved the largest first week sales for a digital cast album and is the highest-charting cast album since 1963. It was the highest-selling Broadway cast album of 2015 and peaked at number one on the Rap Album chart, the first cast album to ever do so. ## Alexander Hamilton, Jr. Alexander Hamilton, Jr. (January 26, 1816 – December 30, 1889), was the son of James Alexander Hamilton, and the grandson of Alexander Hamilton, one of the founding fathers of the United States. Question: What awards has the author of the 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton won? Answer:

a Pulitzer Prize, two Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, and three Tony Awards

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Alexander Hamilton (Trumbull) Alexander Hamilton is a 1792 full-length portrait of Alexander Hamilton by John Trumbull. It is one of multiple paintings John Trumbull made of Alexander Hamilton. ## Hamilton (musical) Hamilton: An American Musical is a sung- and rapped-through musical about the life of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, with music, lyrics and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda, inspired by the 2004 biography "Alexander Hamilton" by historian Ron Chernow. Notably incorporating hip-hop, rhythm and blues, pop music, traditional-style show tunes and color-conscious casting of non-white actors as the Founding Fathers and other historical figures, the musical achieved both critical acclaim and box office success. ## Alexander Hamilton House The Alexander Hamilton House is a historic home located at 45 East Main Street in Waynesboro, Franklin County, Pennsylvania. It is now operated as the Alexander Hamilton Memorial Free Library. The house and library are named for Alexander Hamilton, a local Waynesboro land speculator and wagon maker who owned the house. It remained in his family for a century. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 27, 1980. ## Alexander Hamilton Jr. Colonel Alexander Hamilton Jr. (May 16, 1786 – August 2, 1875) was the third child and the second son of Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton and Alexander Hamilton, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. ## Alexander Hamilton (song) "Alexander Hamilton" is the opening number for the 2015 musical "Hamilton", a musical biography of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. This song features "alternately rapped and sung exposition". ## It's Quiet Uptown "It's Quiet Uptown" is the eighteenth song from Act 2 of the musical "Hamilton", based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. The song takes place in the second act of the musical, as the characters Alexander Hamilton and his wife Eliza grieve over their son's death. ## Lin-Manuel Miranda Lin-Manuel Miranda ( ; born January 16, 1980) is an American composer, lyricist, playwright, and actor best known for creating and starring in the Broadway musicals "Hamilton" and "In the Heights". He co-wrote the songs for Disney's "Moana" soundtrack (2016) and is set to star in their upcoming film "Mary Poppins Returns". Miranda's awards include a Pulitzer Prize, two Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, and three Tony Awards. ## The Room Where It Happens "The Room Where It Happens" is the fifth song from Act 2 of the musical "Hamilton", based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. The musical relates the life of Alexander Hamilton and his relationships with his family, and Aaron Burr. Lin-Manuel Miranda composed the music, lyrics and book for the song and musical. The song relates the story of the Compromise of 1790. ## Hamilton (album) Hamilton is the cast album to the 2015 musical "Hamilton". The musical is based on the 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton written by Ron Chernow, with music, lyrics, and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda. The recording stars Lin-Manuel Miranda, Leslie Odom Jr., Phillipa Soo, Renée Elise Goldsberry, Christopher Jackson, Daveed Diggs, Anthony Ramos, Okieriete Onaodowan, Jasmine Cephas Jones, and Jonathan Groff. It also features Jon Rua, Thayne Jasperson, Sydney James Harcourt, Ariana DeBose, and Sasha Hutchings. It achieved the largest first week sales for a digital cast album and is the highest-charting cast album since 1963. It was the highest-selling Broadway cast album of 2015 and peaked at number one on the Rap Album chart, the first cast album to ever do so. ## Alexander Hamilton, Jr. Alexander Hamilton, Jr. (January 26, 1816 – December 30, 1889), was the son of James Alexander Hamilton, and the grandson of Alexander Hamilton, one of the founding fathers of the United States. Question: What awards has the author of the 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton won? Answer: ### Response: a Pulitzer Prize, two Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, and three Tony Awards

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Anni-Frid Lyngstad Anni-Frid Synni, Princess Reuss of Plauen (German: "Anni-Frid Synni, Prinzessin Reuß von Plauen" ; born Anni-Frid Synni Lyngstad, 15 November 1945), commonly known as Frida Lyngstad, or just by the mononym, Frida, is a Norwegian-born Swedish singer, songwriter, and environmentalist. Known for her warm personality, striking auburn hair and rich mezzo-soprano voice, she is best known as one of the lead singers of the Swedish pop band, ABBA. ## Jimmy Reno Jimmy Reno (born January 8, 1969) is a Southern Gospel singer from North Alabama. Initially, he was a member of his family's singing group, and later a member of The Mystery Men Quartet and then Mark209. While with Mark209, the group's first radio single, My Home In Heaven, a song that Reno was featured on, reached the top 45 on the Singing News national southern gospel music charts. The single would remain on the national charts for 10 consecutive months. In March 2012, Reno sang background vocals with Mark209 in concert for Country Music artist Ronnie Milsap. ## Go Rest High on That Mountain "Go Rest High on That Mountain" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Vince Gill. It was released in August 1995 as the sixth single from his album "When Love Finds You". It is a eulogic ballad. Gill began writing the song following the death of country music superstar Keith Whitley, who died in 1989. Gill did not finish the song until a few years later following the death of his older brother Bob, in 1993, of a heart attack. Ricky Skaggs and Patty Loveless both sang background vocals on the record. ## Walking on the Chinese Wall "Walking on the Chinese Wall" is a song written by Roxanne Seeman and Billie Hughes. It was recorded by Philip Bailey and became the title track of his album "Chinese Wall". Phil Collins produced, played drums and sang, as part of the backgrounds, on the song, however the song was not credited as a Bailey and Collins duet. The Phenix Horns and additional overdub recording took place in Los Angeles, with George Massenburg engineering and mixing. Josie James also sang background vocals on the song. ## Rhythm &amp; Blues (Robert Palmer album) Rhythm & Blues is the thirteenth studio album by the British musician Robert Palmer. His thirteenth solo studio album, it was released in 1999 and was his first new release in 5 years. The album reached No. 118 in the UK but did not chart in the US. Palmer's long-term girlfriend Mary Ambrose sang background vocals on some tracks, as did Sharon O'Neill who co-wrote "True Love". ## Mae Moore Moore studied art before moving to British Columbia to pursue music. Her first hit came by co-writing the song "Heaven in Your Eyes" (with John Dexter), which would later be recorded by Loverboy for the "Top Gun" soundtrack in 1986. She then worked with Barney Bentall and Colin Nairne from the band Barney Bentall and the Legendary Hearts, providing background vocals on their self-titled 1988 album "Barney Bentall and the Legendary Hearts". She sang background vocals on and appeared in the music video for the Legendary Heart's "She's My Inspiration" song from that album. Her association with Bentall and Nairne paid off, as CBS Records in Canada soon awarded her a recording contract. ## Against the Wind (Bob Seger song) "Against the Wind" is a song by Bob Seger & The Silver Bullet Band from the 1980 album "Against the Wind". "Against the Wind" is the highest ranking single from the album, peaking at number 5. Glenn Frey of the Eagles sang background vocals on this song. ## There's More Where That Came From There's More Where That Came From is the sixth studio album by Lee Ann Womack, released in 2005. It received numerous awards and critical acclaim and was also Womack's highest selling album since 2000's "I Hope You Dance". The album was Womack's return to a traditional country music style, producing three charting singles between 2004 and 2006: "I May Hate Myself in the Morning", "He Oughta Know That by Now" and "Twenty Years and Two Husbands Ago", which peaked at numbers 10, 22, and 32, respectively, on the Hot Country Songs charts. Womack's ex-husband, Jason Sellers, sang background vocals on "I May Hate Myself in the Morning". ## En karusell "En karusell" was originally released in 1972 as a 7" single in Sweden which was sung in Swedish and also in Japan where the song was titled "En Carousel" and sung in English. The song was included as the A-side song and was credited to Björn & Benny. Future members of ABBA Agnetha Fältskog and Anni-Frid Lyngstad did backing vocals on the song but were not credited for their contribution.The B-side song on the Swedish release was titled "Att finnas till" and the B-side song on the Japanese release was titled "Lycka". ## Nearly Human Nearly Human is a 1989 album by rock musician Todd Rundgren, released by Warner Bros. Records. It was his first release in four years, although he had been active as a producer in the intervening years. Many of the album's songs deal with loss, self-doubt, jealousy, and spiritual recovery. It was also the first collaboration between Rundgren and Michele Gray, a singer and ex-model who helped organize the sessions. Gray sang background vocals, both on the record and on subsequent tours, and the pair later married. Question: Who sang background on the song En karusell when they were just 27 years old? Answer:

Anni-Frid Lyngstad

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Anni-Frid Lyngstad Anni-Frid Synni, Princess Reuss of Plauen (German: "Anni-Frid Synni, Prinzessin Reuß von Plauen" ; born Anni-Frid Synni Lyngstad, 15 November 1945), commonly known as Frida Lyngstad, or just by the mononym, Frida, is a Norwegian-born Swedish singer, songwriter, and environmentalist. Known for her warm personality, striking auburn hair and rich mezzo-soprano voice, she is best known as one of the lead singers of the Swedish pop band, ABBA. ## Jimmy Reno Jimmy Reno (born January 8, 1969) is a Southern Gospel singer from North Alabama. Initially, he was a member of his family's singing group, and later a member of The Mystery Men Quartet and then Mark209. While with Mark209, the group's first radio single, My Home In Heaven, a song that Reno was featured on, reached the top 45 on the Singing News national southern gospel music charts. The single would remain on the national charts for 10 consecutive months. In March 2012, Reno sang background vocals with Mark209 in concert for Country Music artist Ronnie Milsap. ## Go Rest High on That Mountain "Go Rest High on That Mountain" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Vince Gill. It was released in August 1995 as the sixth single from his album "When Love Finds You". It is a eulogic ballad. Gill began writing the song following the death of country music superstar Keith Whitley, who died in 1989. Gill did not finish the song until a few years later following the death of his older brother Bob, in 1993, of a heart attack. Ricky Skaggs and Patty Loveless both sang background vocals on the record. ## Walking on the Chinese Wall "Walking on the Chinese Wall" is a song written by Roxanne Seeman and Billie Hughes. It was recorded by Philip Bailey and became the title track of his album "Chinese Wall". Phil Collins produced, played drums and sang, as part of the backgrounds, on the song, however the song was not credited as a Bailey and Collins duet. The Phenix Horns and additional overdub recording took place in Los Angeles, with George Massenburg engineering and mixing. Josie James also sang background vocals on the song. ## Rhythm &amp; Blues (Robert Palmer album) Rhythm & Blues is the thirteenth studio album by the British musician Robert Palmer. His thirteenth solo studio album, it was released in 1999 and was his first new release in 5 years. The album reached No. 118 in the UK but did not chart in the US. Palmer's long-term girlfriend Mary Ambrose sang background vocals on some tracks, as did Sharon O'Neill who co-wrote "True Love". ## Mae Moore Moore studied art before moving to British Columbia to pursue music. Her first hit came by co-writing the song "Heaven in Your Eyes" (with John Dexter), which would later be recorded by Loverboy for the "Top Gun" soundtrack in 1986. She then worked with Barney Bentall and Colin Nairne from the band Barney Bentall and the Legendary Hearts, providing background vocals on their self-titled 1988 album "Barney Bentall and the Legendary Hearts". She sang background vocals on and appeared in the music video for the Legendary Heart's "She's My Inspiration" song from that album. Her association with Bentall and Nairne paid off, as CBS Records in Canada soon awarded her a recording contract. ## Against the Wind (Bob Seger song) "Against the Wind" is a song by Bob Seger & The Silver Bullet Band from the 1980 album "Against the Wind". "Against the Wind" is the highest ranking single from the album, peaking at number 5. Glenn Frey of the Eagles sang background vocals on this song. ## There's More Where That Came From There's More Where That Came From is the sixth studio album by Lee Ann Womack, released in 2005. It received numerous awards and critical acclaim and was also Womack's highest selling album since 2000's "I Hope You Dance". The album was Womack's return to a traditional country music style, producing three charting singles between 2004 and 2006: "I May Hate Myself in the Morning", "He Oughta Know That by Now" and "Twenty Years and Two Husbands Ago", which peaked at numbers 10, 22, and 32, respectively, on the Hot Country Songs charts. Womack's ex-husband, Jason Sellers, sang background vocals on "I May Hate Myself in the Morning". ## En karusell "En karusell" was originally released in 1972 as a 7" single in Sweden which was sung in Swedish and also in Japan where the song was titled "En Carousel" and sung in English. The song was included as the A-side song and was credited to Björn & Benny. Future members of ABBA Agnetha Fältskog and Anni-Frid Lyngstad did backing vocals on the song but were not credited for their contribution.The B-side song on the Swedish release was titled "Att finnas till" and the B-side song on the Japanese release was titled "Lycka". ## Nearly Human Nearly Human is a 1989 album by rock musician Todd Rundgren, released by Warner Bros. Records. It was his first release in four years, although he had been active as a producer in the intervening years. Many of the album's songs deal with loss, self-doubt, jealousy, and spiritual recovery. It was also the first collaboration between Rundgren and Michele Gray, a singer and ex-model who helped organize the sessions. Gray sang background vocals, both on the record and on subsequent tours, and the pair later married. Question: Who sang background on the song En karusell when they were just 27 years old? Answer: ### Response: Anni-Frid Lyngstad

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Charles D. Hall Charles D. Hall ( April 20, 1888 – April 8, 1970) was a British-American art director and production designer. He is perhaps best remembered for his tenure at Universal Pictures, where he began his career during the silent era. He was art director for many of Universal's most famous productions of the 1920s and '30's: "The Phantom of the Opera" (1925), "All Quiet on the Western Front" (1930), the original Bela Lugosi "Dracula" (1931), the original "Magnificent Obsession" (1935), and the 1936 "My Man Godfrey" among them, as well as eleven films directed by James Whale, including the original Boris Karloff "Frankenstein" (1931), "The Invisible Man" (1933), "Bride of Frankenstein" (1935), and the 1936 film version of "Show Boat". Hall also worked on the 1929 part-talkie film version of "Show Boat", directed by Harry A. Pollard. ## Show Boat (1929 film) Show Boat is a 1929 American romantic drama film based on the novel "Show Boat" by Edna Ferber. It is not, as has been often claimed, based on the Kern-Hammerstein stage musical, although the film does have songs. This version was released by Universal in two editions, one a silent film for movie theatres still not equipped for sound, and one a part-talkie with a sound prologue. ## The Kiss Before the Mirror The Kiss Before the Mirror is a 1933 American Pre-Code mystery film directed by James Whale, starring Nancy Carroll, Frank Morgan, Paul Lukas and Gloria Stuart. ## Sound of Redemption: The Frank Morgan Story Sound of Redemption: The Frank Morgan Story is a 2014 documentary film directed by N.C. Heikin. The film focuses on Frank Morgan, a jazz saxophonist and the protégé of Charlie Parker. Funding for the film was partially raised through a successful Kickstarter campaign. ## Port of Seven Seas Port of Seven Seas is a 1938 drama film starring Wallace Beery and featuring Frank Morgan and Maureen O'Sullivan. The movie was written by Preston Sturges based on the plays of Marcel Pagnol and the films based on them, and was directed by James Whale (director of "Frankenstein" and "The Invisible Man"). The cinematography is by Karl Freund, who filmed Fritz Lang's "Metropolis" and "I Love Lucy". ## Laughter (film) Laughter is a 1930 American pre-Code film directed by Harry d'Abbadie d'Arrast and starring Nancy Carroll, Fredric March and Frank Morgan. ## Howard Marsh Howard Marsh (1888 - 1969) was a leading Broadway tenor of the 1920s. He created the role of Baron Franz Schober (not Franz Schubert) in Sigmund Romberg's operetta drawn from Schubert's life and music, "Blossom Time", in 1921, and that of Prince Karl Franz in the original 1924 production of Sigmund Romberg's operetta "The Student Prince". Marsh also played Gaylord Ravenal in the original 1927 Broadway production of Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II's "Show Boat". He played Ravenal only in the original production of "Show Boat", not in any of the revivals, and never appeared in films or on television. Despite appearing in three musical theatre smash hits over a span of seven years, Marsh made his last appearance in a new show in 1930, "The Well of Romance", opposite his "Show Boat" co-star, Norma Terris. After that, he appeared in major roles on Broadway in 1930's revivals of some Gilbert and Sullivan operettas. He made no recordings of the songs that he sang either in "The Student Prince" or "Show Boat", but he did record some of those Gilbert and Sullivan selections. None of his recordings has appeared on CD as yet. Marsh was born August 16, 1888 in Bluffton, Indiana. ## Bill (song) "Bill" is a song heard in Act II of Kern and Hammerstein's classic 1927 musical "Show Boat". The song was written by Kern and P.G. Wodehouse for their 1917 musical "Oh, Lady! Lady!!" for Vivienne Segal to perform, but withdrawn because it was considered too melancholy for that show. However, when Kern and Hammerstein were at work on the serious and somewhat tragic "Show Boat", they decided that the song would be perfect for a nightclub scene in the show. Hammerstein revised Wodehouse's original lyrics somewhat (though he would always give full credit to Wodehouse for the song and take none for himself), and the song was given to real-life nightclub singer Helen Morgan, who portrayed the mulatto Julie in "Show Boat", to sing. ## James Whale James Whale (22 July 1889 – 29 May 1957) was an English film director, theater director and actor. He is best remembered for his four classic horror films: "Frankenstein" (1931), "The Old Dark House" (1932), "The Invisible Man" (1933) and "Bride of Frankenstein" (1935). Whale also directed films in other genres, including what is considered the definitive film version of the musical "Show Boat" (1936). He became increasingly disenchanted with his association with horror, but many of his non-horror films have fallen into obscurity. ## Easy Come, Easy Go (1928 film) Easy Come, Easy Go is a 1928 American comedy silent film directed by Frank Tuttle and written by Owen Davis, George Marion Jr. and Florence Ryerson. The film stars Richard Dix, Nancy Carroll, Charles Sellon, Frank Currier, Arnold Kent and Christian J. Frank. The film was released on April 21, 1928, by Paramount Pictures. Question: In what year was the movie produced that stared Nancy Carroll and Frank Morgan, and was also directed by the person that directed Frankenstein, and Show Boat? Answer:

1933

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Charles D. Hall Charles D. Hall ( April 20, 1888 – April 8, 1970) was a British-American art director and production designer. He is perhaps best remembered for his tenure at Universal Pictures, where he began his career during the silent era. He was art director for many of Universal's most famous productions of the 1920s and '30's: "The Phantom of the Opera" (1925), "All Quiet on the Western Front" (1930), the original Bela Lugosi "Dracula" (1931), the original "Magnificent Obsession" (1935), and the 1936 "My Man Godfrey" among them, as well as eleven films directed by James Whale, including the original Boris Karloff "Frankenstein" (1931), "The Invisible Man" (1933), "Bride of Frankenstein" (1935), and the 1936 film version of "Show Boat". Hall also worked on the 1929 part-talkie film version of "Show Boat", directed by Harry A. Pollard. ## Show Boat (1929 film) Show Boat is a 1929 American romantic drama film based on the novel "Show Boat" by Edna Ferber. It is not, as has been often claimed, based on the Kern-Hammerstein stage musical, although the film does have songs. This version was released by Universal in two editions, one a silent film for movie theatres still not equipped for sound, and one a part-talkie with a sound prologue. ## The Kiss Before the Mirror The Kiss Before the Mirror is a 1933 American Pre-Code mystery film directed by James Whale, starring Nancy Carroll, Frank Morgan, Paul Lukas and Gloria Stuart. ## Sound of Redemption: The Frank Morgan Story Sound of Redemption: The Frank Morgan Story is a 2014 documentary film directed by N.C. Heikin. The film focuses on Frank Morgan, a jazz saxophonist and the protégé of Charlie Parker. Funding for the film was partially raised through a successful Kickstarter campaign. ## Port of Seven Seas Port of Seven Seas is a 1938 drama film starring Wallace Beery and featuring Frank Morgan and Maureen O'Sullivan. The movie was written by Preston Sturges based on the plays of Marcel Pagnol and the films based on them, and was directed by James Whale (director of "Frankenstein" and "The Invisible Man"). The cinematography is by Karl Freund, who filmed Fritz Lang's "Metropolis" and "I Love Lucy". ## Laughter (film) Laughter is a 1930 American pre-Code film directed by Harry d'Abbadie d'Arrast and starring Nancy Carroll, Fredric March and Frank Morgan. ## Howard Marsh Howard Marsh (1888 - 1969) was a leading Broadway tenor of the 1920s. He created the role of Baron Franz Schober (not Franz Schubert) in Sigmund Romberg's operetta drawn from Schubert's life and music, "Blossom Time", in 1921, and that of Prince Karl Franz in the original 1924 production of Sigmund Romberg's operetta "The Student Prince". Marsh also played Gaylord Ravenal in the original 1927 Broadway production of Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II's "Show Boat". He played Ravenal only in the original production of "Show Boat", not in any of the revivals, and never appeared in films or on television. Despite appearing in three musical theatre smash hits over a span of seven years, Marsh made his last appearance in a new show in 1930, "The Well of Romance", opposite his "Show Boat" co-star, Norma Terris. After that, he appeared in major roles on Broadway in 1930's revivals of some Gilbert and Sullivan operettas. He made no recordings of the songs that he sang either in "The Student Prince" or "Show Boat", but he did record some of those Gilbert and Sullivan selections. None of his recordings has appeared on CD as yet. Marsh was born August 16, 1888 in Bluffton, Indiana. ## Bill (song) "Bill" is a song heard in Act II of Kern and Hammerstein's classic 1927 musical "Show Boat". The song was written by Kern and P.G. Wodehouse for their 1917 musical "Oh, Lady! Lady!!" for Vivienne Segal to perform, but withdrawn because it was considered too melancholy for that show. However, when Kern and Hammerstein were at work on the serious and somewhat tragic "Show Boat", they decided that the song would be perfect for a nightclub scene in the show. Hammerstein revised Wodehouse's original lyrics somewhat (though he would always give full credit to Wodehouse for the song and take none for himself), and the song was given to real-life nightclub singer Helen Morgan, who portrayed the mulatto Julie in "Show Boat", to sing. ## James Whale James Whale (22 July 1889 – 29 May 1957) was an English film director, theater director and actor. He is best remembered for his four classic horror films: "Frankenstein" (1931), "The Old Dark House" (1932), "The Invisible Man" (1933) and "Bride of Frankenstein" (1935). Whale also directed films in other genres, including what is considered the definitive film version of the musical "Show Boat" (1936). He became increasingly disenchanted with his association with horror, but many of his non-horror films have fallen into obscurity. ## Easy Come, Easy Go (1928 film) Easy Come, Easy Go is a 1928 American comedy silent film directed by Frank Tuttle and written by Owen Davis, George Marion Jr. and Florence Ryerson. The film stars Richard Dix, Nancy Carroll, Charles Sellon, Frank Currier, Arnold Kent and Christian J. Frank. The film was released on April 21, 1928, by Paramount Pictures. Question: In what year was the movie produced that stared Nancy Carroll and Frank Morgan, and was also directed by the person that directed Frankenstein, and Show Boat? Answer: ### Response: 1933

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Lockdown (Stargate SG-1) "Lockdown" is the third episode for season eight of the Canadian-American military science fiction television series "Stargate SG-1". The episode was written by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie, and directed by Will Waring. This was the only episode in the eighth season to receive a syndication rating, but was also one of the lowest rated of the season on the Nielsen household ratings. The episode got strong reviews from major media publishers worldwide. ## Stargate SG-1 (season 9) Season nine of "Stargate SG-1", an American-Canadian television series, began airing on July 15, 2005 on SCI FI. The ninth season concluded on March 10, 2006, after 20 episodes on the same channel. The series was originally developed by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, and Brad Wright, Robert C. Cooper, Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie served as executive producers. The season arc centers on the new threat of the Ori, a race who Daniel Jackson (Michael Shanks) and Vala Mal Doran (Claudia Black) unleash in an unknown galaxy, and who are threatening to prepare for a crusade into the Milky Way galaxy to convert the beings to their religion called Origin. ## Stargate SG-1 (season 10) Season ten of "Stargate SG-1", an American-Canadian television series, began airing on July 14, 2006 on Sci Fi Channel (United States). The final season of the series concluded after 20 episodes on March 13, 2007 on Sky 1, which overtook the Sci-Fi Channel in mid-season. The series was developed by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner. Brad Wright, Robert C. Cooper, Joseph Mallozzi, and Paul Mullie served as executive producers. Season ten regular cast members include Ben Browder, Amanda Tapping, Christopher Judge, Beau Bridges, Claudia Black, and Michael Shanks. ## Gauntlet (Stargate Universe) "Gauntlet" is the twentieth episode of the second season and series finale of the military science fiction television series "Stargate Universe". The episode originally aired on May 9, 2011 on Syfy in the United States. The episode was directed by longtime director and producer of the Stargate franchise Andy Mikita. It was written by executive producers Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie. ## Moebius (Stargate SG-1) "Moebius" is the season finale for season eight of the Canadian-American military science fiction television series "Stargate SG-1". The episodes were written by Joseph Mallozzi, Paul Mullie, Executive producers Brad Wright and Robert C. Cooper, the episodes were directed by Peter DeLuise. The episodes were the strongest episodes in the eighth season on the Nielsen household ratings with fellow "Stargate SG-1" episode "New Order". The episode got strong reviews from major media publishers worldwide. ## Dark Matter (TV series) Dark Matter is a Canadian science fiction series created by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie, based on their comic book of the same name and developed by Prodigy Pictures in association with Space channel. An order for 13 episodes was placed for the first season of the series, which premiered on June 12, 2015 on both Space and Syfy. ## Melissa O'Neil Melissa Crystal O'Neil (born July 12, 1988) is a Canadian singer and musical theatre actress who was the winner of the third season of "Canadian Idol" in 2005. She was the first Canadian female winner. She is also an actress, known for her role as Two/Portia Lin on "Dark Matter". ## The Siege (Stargate Atlantis) "The Siege" is the season finale for season one and season premiere for season two of the military science fiction television series "Stargate Atlantis", and the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first episode of the series overall. The episodes was written by executive producers Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie (part two) and Martin Gero (part one and three), the episodes were directed by Martin Wood. The episodes were one of the series strongest in season 1 on Nielsen ratings and part three gathered the strongest rating with "Instinct" in season 2. The episode got strong reviews from major media publishers worldwide. ## Dark Matter (comics) Dark Matter is a comic book series created by writers Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie. The science-fiction story follows six individuals who wake up in a spacecraft with no memory of their past. The concept was originally intended for a television series, but was published through Dark Horse Comics with art by Garry Brown. On October 15, 2014, Syfy announced they had picked up a 13-episode first season of a "Dark Matter" TV series, which premiered on June 12, 2015. ## List of Dark Matter episodes "Dark Matter" is a Canadian science fiction series created by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie, based on their comic book of the same name and developed by Prodigy Pictures in association with Space channel. An order for 13 episodes was placed for the first season of the series, which premiered on June 12, 2015. Question: Melissa Crystal O'Neill starred in what series created by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie? Answer:

Dark Matter

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Lockdown (Stargate SG-1) "Lockdown" is the third episode for season eight of the Canadian-American military science fiction television series "Stargate SG-1". The episode was written by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie, and directed by Will Waring. This was the only episode in the eighth season to receive a syndication rating, but was also one of the lowest rated of the season on the Nielsen household ratings. The episode got strong reviews from major media publishers worldwide. ## Stargate SG-1 (season 9) Season nine of "Stargate SG-1", an American-Canadian television series, began airing on July 15, 2005 on SCI FI. The ninth season concluded on March 10, 2006, after 20 episodes on the same channel. The series was originally developed by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, and Brad Wright, Robert C. Cooper, Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie served as executive producers. The season arc centers on the new threat of the Ori, a race who Daniel Jackson (Michael Shanks) and Vala Mal Doran (Claudia Black) unleash in an unknown galaxy, and who are threatening to prepare for a crusade into the Milky Way galaxy to convert the beings to their religion called Origin. ## Stargate SG-1 (season 10) Season ten of "Stargate SG-1", an American-Canadian television series, began airing on July 14, 2006 on Sci Fi Channel (United States). The final season of the series concluded after 20 episodes on March 13, 2007 on Sky 1, which overtook the Sci-Fi Channel in mid-season. The series was developed by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner. Brad Wright, Robert C. Cooper, Joseph Mallozzi, and Paul Mullie served as executive producers. Season ten regular cast members include Ben Browder, Amanda Tapping, Christopher Judge, Beau Bridges, Claudia Black, and Michael Shanks. ## Gauntlet (Stargate Universe) "Gauntlet" is the twentieth episode of the second season and series finale of the military science fiction television series "Stargate Universe". The episode originally aired on May 9, 2011 on Syfy in the United States. The episode was directed by longtime director and producer of the Stargate franchise Andy Mikita. It was written by executive producers Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie. ## Moebius (Stargate SG-1) "Moebius" is the season finale for season eight of the Canadian-American military science fiction television series "Stargate SG-1". The episodes were written by Joseph Mallozzi, Paul Mullie, Executive producers Brad Wright and Robert C. Cooper, the episodes were directed by Peter DeLuise. The episodes were the strongest episodes in the eighth season on the Nielsen household ratings with fellow "Stargate SG-1" episode "New Order". The episode got strong reviews from major media publishers worldwide. ## Dark Matter (TV series) Dark Matter is a Canadian science fiction series created by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie, based on their comic book of the same name and developed by Prodigy Pictures in association with Space channel. An order for 13 episodes was placed for the first season of the series, which premiered on June 12, 2015 on both Space and Syfy. ## Melissa O'Neil Melissa Crystal O'Neil (born July 12, 1988) is a Canadian singer and musical theatre actress who was the winner of the third season of "Canadian Idol" in 2005. She was the first Canadian female winner. She is also an actress, known for her role as Two/Portia Lin on "Dark Matter". ## The Siege (Stargate Atlantis) "The Siege" is the season finale for season one and season premiere for season two of the military science fiction television series "Stargate Atlantis", and the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first episode of the series overall. The episodes was written by executive producers Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie (part two) and Martin Gero (part one and three), the episodes were directed by Martin Wood. The episodes were one of the series strongest in season 1 on Nielsen ratings and part three gathered the strongest rating with "Instinct" in season 2. The episode got strong reviews from major media publishers worldwide. ## Dark Matter (comics) Dark Matter is a comic book series created by writers Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie. The science-fiction story follows six individuals who wake up in a spacecraft with no memory of their past. The concept was originally intended for a television series, but was published through Dark Horse Comics with art by Garry Brown. On October 15, 2014, Syfy announced they had picked up a 13-episode first season of a "Dark Matter" TV series, which premiered on June 12, 2015. ## List of Dark Matter episodes "Dark Matter" is a Canadian science fiction series created by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie, based on their comic book of the same name and developed by Prodigy Pictures in association with Space channel. An order for 13 episodes was placed for the first season of the series, which premiered on June 12, 2015. Question: Melissa Crystal O'Neill starred in what series created by Joseph Mallozzi and Paul Mullie? Answer: ### Response: Dark Matter

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Peter Bergmann Case The Peter Bergmann Case is an unsolved mystery pertaining to the death of an unidentified man in County Sligo, Ireland. From 12 to 16 June 2009, a man using the alias "Peter Bergmann" visited the coastal seaport town of Sligo, in northwest Ireland. He used this alias to check into the Sligo City Hotel, where he stayed during the majority of his visit, and was described by the hotel staff and tenants as having a heavy Germanic accent. The man's movements were captured on CCTV throughout the town; however, the details of his actions and intentions remain unknown. His interactions with other people were limited, and little is known of his origins or the reason for his visit to Sligo. On the morning of 16 June, the naked body of the unidentified man was discovered at Rosses Point beach, a popular recreation destination and fishing area near Sligo. Despite having conducted a five-month investigation into the death of "Peter Bergmann", the police were never able to identify the man or develop any leads in the case. ## Oregon National Primate Research Center The Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) is one of seven federally funded National Primate Research Centers in the United States and has been affiliated with Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) since 1998. The center is located on 166 acre of land west of Portland, Oregon, in Hillsboro. Originally known as the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center (ORPRC), it was the first of the original seven primate centers established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The research center is administered and funded by the National Center for Research Resources, receiving $11 million in federal grants annually. ## Seattle Seattle ( ) is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States. It is the seat of King County, Washington. With an estimated 704,352 residents as of 2016 , Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013, it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States and remained in the Top 5 in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. In July 2016, Seattle was again the fastest-growing major U.S. city, with a 3.1% annual growth rate. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 100 mi south of the Canada–United States border. A major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the fourth-largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015 . ## UBiC UBiC, the UBC Bioinformatics Centre (disambiguation: not to be confused with the University of Brighton International College, or indeed http://www.ubicsystem.com/) was a research centre founded by Francis Ouellette. It was located at the University of British Columbia, in the University of British Columbia west of Vancouver, BC Canada, UBiC focused on bioinformatics research, training, and support. Some of the faculty formerly part of UBiC are now part of the Centre for High-Throughput Biology (CHiBi). ## Piazza Unità d'Italia Piazza Unità d'Italia ("Unity of Italy Square" in English) is the main square in Trieste, a seaport city in northeast Italy. Located at the foot of the hill with the castle of San Giusto, the square faces the Adriatic Sea. It is often said to be Europe's largest square located next to the sea. The square was built during the period when Trieste was the most important seaport of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire and includes the city's municipal buildings and other important palaces. ## Sligo Sligo (Irish: "Sligeach" , meaning "abounding in shells" — ; ] ) is a coastal seaport and the county town of County Sligo, Ireland, within the western province of Connacht. With a population of approximately 20,000 in 2014, it is the second largest urban centre in the West of Ireland, with only Galway being larger. The Sligo Borough District constitutes 61% (38,581) of the county's population of 63,000. ## Amarna letter EA 362 Amarna letter EA 362, titled: ""A Commissioner Murdered,"" is a finely-inscribed clay tablet letter from Rib-Haddi, the mayor/'man' of the city of Byblos, ("Gubla" of the letters). Byblos, being a large coastal seaport Mediterranean city, was a city that was aligned with Egypt ("Miṣri"), with an Egyptian community. Rib-Haddi, as the city-state leader wrote the largest number of letters to the Pharaoh, in a sub-corpus of the 1350 BC Amarna letters (about 70 letters). ## Vancouver Vancouver ( , ) is a coastal seaport city in Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the most populous city in the province, the 2016 census recorded 631,486 people in the city, up from 603,502 in 2011. The Greater Vancouver area had a population of 2,463,431 in 2016, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada. Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada with over 5,400 people per square kilometre. With over 250,000 residents, Vancouver is the fourth-most densely populated city in North America behind New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City according to the 2011 census. Vancouver is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities in Canada according to that census; 52% of its residents have a first language other than English. Vancouver is classed as a Beta global city. ## Chittagong Chittagong is a major coastal seaport city and financial centre in southeastern Bangladesh. The city has a population of more than 2.5 million while the metropolitan area has a population of 4,009,423 at the 2011 Census, making it the second largest city in the country. It is the capital of an eponymous district and division. The city is located on the banks of the Karnaphuli River between the Chittagong Hill Tracts and the Bay of Bengal. Much of Chittagong Division is located within the ecological Indo-Burma zone on the boundary of the India Plate and Burma Plate. This makes Chittagong the crossroads of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The port city has been known by various names in history, including Chatigaon, Chatigam, Chattagrama, Islamabad, Chattala, Chaityabhumi and Porto Grande De Bengala. ## Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca Buenaventura is a coastal seaport city on the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia (South America). Buenaventura (Spanish for "good fortune") is the main port of Colombia in the Pacific Ocean. Question: Which research center is west of a coastal seaport city in Canada? Answer:

the UBC Bioinformatics Centre

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Peter Bergmann Case The Peter Bergmann Case is an unsolved mystery pertaining to the death of an unidentified man in County Sligo, Ireland. From 12 to 16 June 2009, a man using the alias "Peter Bergmann" visited the coastal seaport town of Sligo, in northwest Ireland. He used this alias to check into the Sligo City Hotel, where he stayed during the majority of his visit, and was described by the hotel staff and tenants as having a heavy Germanic accent. The man's movements were captured on CCTV throughout the town; however, the details of his actions and intentions remain unknown. His interactions with other people were limited, and little is known of his origins or the reason for his visit to Sligo. On the morning of 16 June, the naked body of the unidentified man was discovered at Rosses Point beach, a popular recreation destination and fishing area near Sligo. Despite having conducted a five-month investigation into the death of "Peter Bergmann", the police were never able to identify the man or develop any leads in the case. ## Oregon National Primate Research Center The Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) is one of seven federally funded National Primate Research Centers in the United States and has been affiliated with Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) since 1998. The center is located on 166 acre of land west of Portland, Oregon, in Hillsboro. Originally known as the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center (ORPRC), it was the first of the original seven primate centers established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The research center is administered and funded by the National Center for Research Resources, receiving $11 million in federal grants annually. ## Seattle Seattle ( ) is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States. It is the seat of King County, Washington. With an estimated 704,352 residents as of 2016 , Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013, it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States and remained in the Top 5 in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. In July 2016, Seattle was again the fastest-growing major U.S. city, with a 3.1% annual growth rate. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 100 mi south of the Canada–United States border. A major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the fourth-largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015 . ## UBiC UBiC, the UBC Bioinformatics Centre (disambiguation: not to be confused with the University of Brighton International College, or indeed http://www.ubicsystem.com/) was a research centre founded by Francis Ouellette. It was located at the University of British Columbia, in the University of British Columbia west of Vancouver, BC Canada, UBiC focused on bioinformatics research, training, and support. Some of the faculty formerly part of UBiC are now part of the Centre for High-Throughput Biology (CHiBi). ## Piazza Unità d'Italia Piazza Unità d'Italia ("Unity of Italy Square" in English) is the main square in Trieste, a seaport city in northeast Italy. Located at the foot of the hill with the castle of San Giusto, the square faces the Adriatic Sea. It is often said to be Europe's largest square located next to the sea. The square was built during the period when Trieste was the most important seaport of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire and includes the city's municipal buildings and other important palaces. ## Sligo Sligo (Irish: "Sligeach" , meaning "abounding in shells" — ; ] ) is a coastal seaport and the county town of County Sligo, Ireland, within the western province of Connacht. With a population of approximately 20,000 in 2014, it is the second largest urban centre in the West of Ireland, with only Galway being larger. The Sligo Borough District constitutes 61% (38,581) of the county's population of 63,000. ## Amarna letter EA 362 Amarna letter EA 362, titled: ""A Commissioner Murdered,"" is a finely-inscribed clay tablet letter from Rib-Haddi, the mayor/'man' of the city of Byblos, ("Gubla" of the letters). Byblos, being a large coastal seaport Mediterranean city, was a city that was aligned with Egypt ("Miṣri"), with an Egyptian community. Rib-Haddi, as the city-state leader wrote the largest number of letters to the Pharaoh, in a sub-corpus of the 1350 BC Amarna letters (about 70 letters). ## Vancouver Vancouver ( , ) is a coastal seaport city in Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the most populous city in the province, the 2016 census recorded 631,486 people in the city, up from 603,502 in 2011. The Greater Vancouver area had a population of 2,463,431 in 2016, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada. Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada with over 5,400 people per square kilometre. With over 250,000 residents, Vancouver is the fourth-most densely populated city in North America behind New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City according to the 2011 census. Vancouver is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities in Canada according to that census; 52% of its residents have a first language other than English. Vancouver is classed as a Beta global city. ## Chittagong Chittagong is a major coastal seaport city and financial centre in southeastern Bangladesh. The city has a population of more than 2.5 million while the metropolitan area has a population of 4,009,423 at the 2011 Census, making it the second largest city in the country. It is the capital of an eponymous district and division. The city is located on the banks of the Karnaphuli River between the Chittagong Hill Tracts and the Bay of Bengal. Much of Chittagong Division is located within the ecological Indo-Burma zone on the boundary of the India Plate and Burma Plate. This makes Chittagong the crossroads of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The port city has been known by various names in history, including Chatigaon, Chatigam, Chattagrama, Islamabad, Chattala, Chaityabhumi and Porto Grande De Bengala. ## Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca Buenaventura is a coastal seaport city on the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia (South America). Buenaventura (Spanish for "good fortune") is the main port of Colombia in the Pacific Ocean. Question: Which research center is west of a coastal seaport city in Canada? Answer: ### Response: the UBC Bioinformatics Centre

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Zhang Jun (prince) Zhang Jun (張駿) (307–346), courtesy name Gongting (公庭), formally Duke Zhongcheng of Xiping (西平忠成公, posthumous name given by Jin Dynasty (265-420)) or Duke Wen of Xiping (西平文公, posthumous name used internally in Former Liang) was a ruler of the Chinese state Former Liang. During his reign, he at times used the Jin-created title of Duke of Xiping, but when forced to submit to Han Zhao and Later Zhao, he used the title Prince of Liang. Late in his reign, even when not under Later Zhao's pressure, he claimed the title of "Acting Prince of Liang." During the brief reign of his son Zhang Zuo, he was honored as Prince Wen of Liang (涼文王). ## Šurhaci Šurhaci (; ) (1564- September 25, 1611), was a Jurchen leader, a member of the Aisin Gioro clan, he was a younger brother of Nurhaci, the founder of the Later Jin dynasty, of what would become the Qing dynasty. Under the Ming dynasty government, he held the title of local chieftain (都指揮) in the Jianzhou district, and maintained relations with the Ming authorities up to the beginning of 1607. In that year, he joined Nurhaci in the campaign against Bujantai and the Ula tribe, receiving the title of "darhan baturu". However, as a result of disargreements with his brother over the conquest of the Hoifa and the killing of Hoifa's beile Baindari in 1607, four years later was put to death at the order of Nurhaci and buried in Dongjingling Township, Liaoyang. In 1653, he was posthumously given the rank of "qinwang" (first-rank prince) under the posthumous title Prince Zhuang of the First Rank. His second son, Amin, and the sixth, Jirgalang were the most distinguished of his offspring. Among Šurhaci's other descendants was Sushun. ## Albert I of Belgium Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) reigned as the third King of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934. This was an eventful period in the history of Belgium, which included the period of World War I (1914–1918), when 90 percent of Belgium was overrun, occupied, and ruled by the German Empire. Other crucial issues included the adoption of the Treaty of Versailles, the ruling of the Belgian Congo as an overseas possession of the Kingdom of Belgium along with the League of Nations mandate of Ruanda-Urundi, the reconstruction of Belgium following the war, and the first five years of the Great Depression (1929–1934). King Albert died in a mountaineering accident in eastern Belgium in 1934, at the age of 58, and he was succeeded by his son Leopold. ## Prince of Liège Prince of Liège was a substantive title awarded by King Albert I of the Belgians to his youngest grandson, Prince Albert (former King Albert II), while he was third in line to the throne of Belgium. The title was used from 7 June 1934 until his accession as King of the Belgians in 9 August 1993. His wife, the present Queen Paola, was known as the Princess of Liège from their marriage in 1959 until 1993. ## Princes of Wagram The French noble title Prince de Wagram began with Louis Alexandre Berthier who in 1806 was created sovereign prince of Neuchâtel by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1809, Bonaparte granted him a second title, that of Prince de Wagram. ## Prince of Gothia The title Prince of Gothia (princeps Gothiæ) or Prince of the Goths (princeps Gothorum) was a title of nobility, sometimes assumed by its holder as a sign of supremacy in the region of Gothia and sometimes bestowed by the sovereign of West Francia to the principal nobleman in the south of the realm, in the ninth and tenth centuries. Sometimes hereditary and sometimes not, the title has been rendered in English as Duke (or Margrave) of Septimania (dux Septimaniæ) or Duke (or Margrave) of Gothia (Gothiæ marchio). A similar or the same "office" was often held with the title comes marcæ Hispanicæ: "Count (or Margrave) of the Spanish March." The title was also a chronicler's device and, as presented in some chronicles, may never have been used in any official capacity. ## Abdication of Wilhelm II Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated as German Emperor and King of Prussia on 28 November 1918 from exile in Amerongen. He had ruled Germany and Prussia from 15 June 1888 until 9 November 1918, when he went into exile. Following the abdication statement and German Revolution of 1918–19, the German nobility as a legally defined class was abolished. On promulgation of the Weimar Constitution on 11 August 1919, all Germans were declared equal before the law. Altogether abolished were titles borne exclusively by monarchs; e.g., emperor/empress, king/queen, grand duke/grand duchess, etc. There were 22 federal princes of the Kaiserreich ("within Germany"), who lost their titles and domains. Of these princely heads of state, 4 held the title King (König) (the Kings of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, and Württemberg), 6 held the title Grand Duke (Großherzog), 5 held the title Duke (Herzog), and 7 held the title Prince (i.e. Sovereign Prince, "Fürst"). ## Yoshihito, Prince Katsura Yoshihito, Prince Katsura (桂宮宜仁親王 , Katsura-no-miya Yoshihito Shinnō , 11 February 1948 – 8 June 2014) was a member of the Imperial House of Japan and the second son of Takahito, Prince Mikasa and Yuriko, Princess Mikasa. He was a first cousin of Emperor Akihito. Originally known as Prince Yoshihito of Mikasa, he received the title Prince Katsura (Katsura-no-miya) and authorization to start a new branch of the Imperial Family on 1 January 1988 at age 39. He died of a heart attack on 8 June 2014, aged 66. ## Imperial House of France (First French Empire) The Imperial House of France during the First French Empire consisted of the family members of Napoleon, including the House of Bonaparte, who held imperial titles as Emperor, Empress, Imperial Prince or French Prince, and who were in the order of succession to the French imperial throne in accordance with the French constitution of 1804. According to Title III, Article 9 ("The Imperial Family"), "the members of the imperial family in the order of succession, bear the title of Princes of France ("princes français")" and "the eldest son of the Emperor bears the title Prince Imperial ("prince impérial")." ## Federal prince Federal prince (German: "Bundesfürsten" , "Princes of the Federation") was the generic term for the royal heads of state (monarchs) of the various states making up the German Empire, with the exception of the states that were republics and Alsace-Lorraine which had a special status. The empire was a federal state, with its constituent states remaining sovereign states. Among the states, the majority were monarchies, 3 states were republics and Alsace-Lorraine was an imperial territory ruled by a steward. The states became part of the German Empire by an 1871 treaty. The head of the empire was granted the title German Emperor (with the title "Emperor of Germany" being deliberately avoided), and was simultaneously a federal prince as King of Prussia, the sovereign of its largest federal state. Of the princely heads of state, 4 held the title King (König) (the Kings of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, and Württemberg), 6 held the title Grand Duke (Großherzog), 5 held the title Duke (Herzog), and 7 held the title Prince (i.e. Sovereign Prince, "Fürst"). The heads of state of the city republics, where the concepts of nobility and royalty did not exist, were of equal standing to the federal princes and held the titles First Mayor and President of the Senate (Hamburg), Mayor and President of the Senate (Lübeck), and President of the Senate and Mayor (Bremen). The heads of state of the city republics were regarded as primi inter pares among the senators according to the states' republican constitutions, and these states were ruled by an oligarchy of hereditary Grand Burghers, also known as Hanseaten or patricians. Question: When did the person who awarded the title Prince of Liège die? Answer:

17 February 1934

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Zhang Jun (prince) Zhang Jun (張駿) (307–346), courtesy name Gongting (公庭), formally Duke Zhongcheng of Xiping (西平忠成公, posthumous name given by Jin Dynasty (265-420)) or Duke Wen of Xiping (西平文公, posthumous name used internally in Former Liang) was a ruler of the Chinese state Former Liang. During his reign, he at times used the Jin-created title of Duke of Xiping, but when forced to submit to Han Zhao and Later Zhao, he used the title Prince of Liang. Late in his reign, even when not under Later Zhao's pressure, he claimed the title of "Acting Prince of Liang." During the brief reign of his son Zhang Zuo, he was honored as Prince Wen of Liang (涼文王). ## Šurhaci Šurhaci (; ) (1564- September 25, 1611), was a Jurchen leader, a member of the Aisin Gioro clan, he was a younger brother of Nurhaci, the founder of the Later Jin dynasty, of what would become the Qing dynasty. Under the Ming dynasty government, he held the title of local chieftain (都指揮) in the Jianzhou district, and maintained relations with the Ming authorities up to the beginning of 1607. In that year, he joined Nurhaci in the campaign against Bujantai and the Ula tribe, receiving the title of "darhan baturu". However, as a result of disargreements with his brother over the conquest of the Hoifa and the killing of Hoifa's beile Baindari in 1607, four years later was put to death at the order of Nurhaci and buried in Dongjingling Township, Liaoyang. In 1653, he was posthumously given the rank of "qinwang" (first-rank prince) under the posthumous title Prince Zhuang of the First Rank. His second son, Amin, and the sixth, Jirgalang were the most distinguished of his offspring. Among Šurhaci's other descendants was Sushun. ## Albert I of Belgium Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) reigned as the third King of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934. This was an eventful period in the history of Belgium, which included the period of World War I (1914–1918), when 90 percent of Belgium was overrun, occupied, and ruled by the German Empire. Other crucial issues included the adoption of the Treaty of Versailles, the ruling of the Belgian Congo as an overseas possession of the Kingdom of Belgium along with the League of Nations mandate of Ruanda-Urundi, the reconstruction of Belgium following the war, and the first five years of the Great Depression (1929–1934). King Albert died in a mountaineering accident in eastern Belgium in 1934, at the age of 58, and he was succeeded by his son Leopold. ## Prince of Liège Prince of Liège was a substantive title awarded by King Albert I of the Belgians to his youngest grandson, Prince Albert (former King Albert II), while he was third in line to the throne of Belgium. The title was used from 7 June 1934 until his accession as King of the Belgians in 9 August 1993. His wife, the present Queen Paola, was known as the Princess of Liège from their marriage in 1959 until 1993. ## Princes of Wagram The French noble title Prince de Wagram began with Louis Alexandre Berthier who in 1806 was created sovereign prince of Neuchâtel by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1809, Bonaparte granted him a second title, that of Prince de Wagram. ## Prince of Gothia The title Prince of Gothia (princeps Gothiæ) or Prince of the Goths (princeps Gothorum) was a title of nobility, sometimes assumed by its holder as a sign of supremacy in the region of Gothia and sometimes bestowed by the sovereign of West Francia to the principal nobleman in the south of the realm, in the ninth and tenth centuries. Sometimes hereditary and sometimes not, the title has been rendered in English as Duke (or Margrave) of Septimania (dux Septimaniæ) or Duke (or Margrave) of Gothia (Gothiæ marchio). A similar or the same "office" was often held with the title comes marcæ Hispanicæ: "Count (or Margrave) of the Spanish March." The title was also a chronicler's device and, as presented in some chronicles, may never have been used in any official capacity. ## Abdication of Wilhelm II Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated as German Emperor and King of Prussia on 28 November 1918 from exile in Amerongen. He had ruled Germany and Prussia from 15 June 1888 until 9 November 1918, when he went into exile. Following the abdication statement and German Revolution of 1918–19, the German nobility as a legally defined class was abolished. On promulgation of the Weimar Constitution on 11 August 1919, all Germans were declared equal before the law. Altogether abolished were titles borne exclusively by monarchs; e.g., emperor/empress, king/queen, grand duke/grand duchess, etc. There were 22 federal princes of the Kaiserreich ("within Germany"), who lost their titles and domains. Of these princely heads of state, 4 held the title King (König) (the Kings of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, and Württemberg), 6 held the title Grand Duke (Großherzog), 5 held the title Duke (Herzog), and 7 held the title Prince (i.e. Sovereign Prince, "Fürst"). ## Yoshihito, Prince Katsura Yoshihito, Prince Katsura (桂宮宜仁親王 , Katsura-no-miya Yoshihito Shinnō , 11 February 1948 – 8 June 2014) was a member of the Imperial House of Japan and the second son of Takahito, Prince Mikasa and Yuriko, Princess Mikasa. He was a first cousin of Emperor Akihito. Originally known as Prince Yoshihito of Mikasa, he received the title Prince Katsura (Katsura-no-miya) and authorization to start a new branch of the Imperial Family on 1 January 1988 at age 39. He died of a heart attack on 8 June 2014, aged 66. ## Imperial House of France (First French Empire) The Imperial House of France during the First French Empire consisted of the family members of Napoleon, including the House of Bonaparte, who held imperial titles as Emperor, Empress, Imperial Prince or French Prince, and who were in the order of succession to the French imperial throne in accordance with the French constitution of 1804. According to Title III, Article 9 ("The Imperial Family"), "the members of the imperial family in the order of succession, bear the title of Princes of France ("princes français")" and "the eldest son of the Emperor bears the title Prince Imperial ("prince impérial")." ## Federal prince Federal prince (German: "Bundesfürsten" , "Princes of the Federation") was the generic term for the royal heads of state (monarchs) of the various states making up the German Empire, with the exception of the states that were republics and Alsace-Lorraine which had a special status. The empire was a federal state, with its constituent states remaining sovereign states. Among the states, the majority were monarchies, 3 states were republics and Alsace-Lorraine was an imperial territory ruled by a steward. The states became part of the German Empire by an 1871 treaty. The head of the empire was granted the title German Emperor (with the title "Emperor of Germany" being deliberately avoided), and was simultaneously a federal prince as King of Prussia, the sovereign of its largest federal state. Of the princely heads of state, 4 held the title King (König) (the Kings of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, and Württemberg), 6 held the title Grand Duke (Großherzog), 5 held the title Duke (Herzog), and 7 held the title Prince (i.e. Sovereign Prince, "Fürst"). The heads of state of the city republics, where the concepts of nobility and royalty did not exist, were of equal standing to the federal princes and held the titles First Mayor and President of the Senate (Hamburg), Mayor and President of the Senate (Lübeck), and President of the Senate and Mayor (Bremen). The heads of state of the city republics were regarded as primi inter pares among the senators according to the states' republican constitutions, and these states were ruled by an oligarchy of hereditary Grand Burghers, also known as Hanseaten or patricians. Question: When did the person who awarded the title Prince of Liège die? Answer: ### Response: 17 February 1934

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## YC Newfoundland YC Newfoundland (sometimes referred to as Youth Conference) is a Christian Youth Conference in Newfoundland, Canada which has been hosted in Corner Brook, St. John's, and Gander in different years. ## Generation of Youth for Christ Generation of Youth for Christ, formerly the General Youth Conference, is an annual conference and expression of Adventist theology which organizes and coordinates Bible studies, online sermons, regional youth conferences, mission trips, global networking opportunities for young people, week of prayers and youth camp meetings. It began with a small group of Korean students studying their Bibles together all night. It developed through middle-of-the-night text-messaging between two university students, one in Massachusetts, the other in California. They decided to call people together for a small conference in the woods of California. At that first conference, held in 2002, 200 people were invited; 400 attended. Since then, the popularity of the conventions has grown. The 2010 convention registered 5100 participants. At the main worship service on Saturday morning, 7600 people attended, including many local church members who joined in. ## I Am Joaquin I Am Joaquin (also known as Yo soy Joaquin), by Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales, is a famous epic poem associated with the Chicano movement of the 1960s in the United States. In "I am Joaquin", Joaquin (the narrative voice of the poem) speaks of the struggles that the Chicano people have faced in trying to achieve economic justice and equal rights in the U.S, as well as to find an identity of being part of a hybrid mestizo society. He promises that his culture will survive if all Chicano people stand proud and demand acceptance. ## Mark Matlock Mark Matlock (born 1969) is the Executive Director of Youth Specialties and the founder of WisdomWorks Ministries. He is an ordained minister and youth pastor who lives in Dallas. He coauthored the book "Dirty Faith" with Audio Adrenaline. He also wrote "Freshman: The College Student's Guide to Developing Wisdom". In this book, Matlock gives the following definition for wisdom: "the human capacity to understand life from God's perspective"; in the book "Lost in Transition: Becoming Spiritually Prepared for College", Tommy McGregor praised Matlock's definition for recognizing that "true wisdom comes from God." Matlock spoke at the 2006 Creation Festival, the world's biggest Christian music festival. He also spoke to an audience of 11,000 Christian youth at DCLA that year. In 2011, he spoke at the Nazarene Youth Conference in Louisville, Kentucky. Mark is the main speaker and founder of Planet Wisdom, which has featured Chris Coleman, Mercy Me, The Digital Age, Addison Road The Swift, The Skit Guys (Eddie James & Tommy Woodard), Fred Lynch, Sean McDowell and Heather Flies. ## Their Dogs Came with Them Their Dogs Came With Them is a 2007 novel by Helena Maria Viramontes. Viramontes was born in East Los Angeles, California, into a Mexican American family. She attended Garfield High School and later Immaculate Heart College where she earned her BA in English Literature. During her time in school, Viramontes became deeply influenced by the Chicano Movement. "Their Dogs Came With Them" is Viramontes most recent work. Seventeen years in production, "Their Dogs" is acclaimed for its complex characters and personal, gritty writing style. The novel is largely based on Viramontes's childhood in East Los Angeles. The book focuses on the freeway construction and difficult conditions for the Mexican Americans living in this area at the time. It also explores the formation of Chicano youth gangs and their impact on Chicano communities. ## Rodolfo Gonzales Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzáles (June 18, 1928 – April 12, 2005) was a Mexican American boxer, poet, and political activist. He convened the first-ever Chicano youth conference in March 1969, which was attended by many future Chicano activists and artists. The conference also promulgated the Plan Espiritual de Aztlán, a manifesto demanding self-determination for Chicanos. As an early figure of the movement for the equal rights of Mexican Americans, he is often considered one of the founders of the Chicano Movement. ## International Vietnamese Youth Conference An International Vietnamese Youth Conference is organized every two or three years by the Len Duong International Vietnamese Youth Network, drawing Vietnamese youths from around the world to gather and discuss topics relating to Vietnamese youths and to network with each other. These conferences are attended by between 200 and 600 young people from more than 15 countries. The Vietnamese spelling of the conference is "Đại Hội Thanh Niên Sinh Viên Việt Nam Thế Giới," (World Vietnamese Student Youth Conference) and is therefore also abbreviated and nicknamed "DH" (conf.), followed by the conference number, such as "DH1" for the first conference, "DH2" for the second, and so on. ## Youth of the Nation Conference Youth of the Nation is an annual Christian Youth Conference held in Wanganui, New Zealand. Unlike many other Christian conferences, this event is not held by one specific church or denomination. Youth of the Nation conferences and events are hosted by The Youth Of The Nation Trust in collaboration with other churches from around New Zealand. For the first 8 years the conferences were hosted by the Wanganui Christian Youth Workers collective, a group of Christian youth pastors & workers from different denominations & churches across the city of Wanganui. This collective included representatives from Anglican, Apostolic, Assemblies of God, Baptist, Open Brethren, Catholic, Incedo, Presbyterian, Christian Outreach Centre—now known as International Network of Churches—, Elim, Salvation Army, & non-denominational. Since 2012, the YOTN Trust has partnered with churches, not only in Wanganui, but from across New Zealand to host events in different cities. ## Chicano art movement The Chicano Art Movement represents attempts by Mexican-American artists to establish a unique artistic identity in the United States. Much of the art and the artists creating Chicano Art were heavily influenced by Chicano Movement (El Movimiento) which began in the 1960s. Chicano art was influenced by post-Mexican Revolution ideologies, pre-Columbian art, European painting techniques and Mexican-American social, political and cultural issues. The movement worked to resist and challenge dominant social norms and stereotypes for cultural autonomy and self-determination. Some issues the movement focused on were awareness of collective history and culture, restoration of land grants, and equal opportunity for social mobility. Throughout the movement and beyond, Chicanos have used art to express their cultural values, as protest or for aesthetic value. The art has evolved over time to not only illustrate current struggles and social issues, but also to continue to inform Chicano youth and unify around their culture and histories. Chicano art is not just Mexican-American artwork: it is a public forum that emphasizes otherwise "invisible" histories and people is a unique form of American art. ## Plan Espiritual de Aztlán The Plan Espiritual de Aztlán (English: "Spiritual Plan of Aztlán") was a pro-indigenist manifesto advocating Chicano nationalism and self-determination for Mexican Americans. It was adopted by the First National Chicano Liberation Youth Conference, a March 1969 convention hosted by Rodolfo Gonzales's Crusade for Justice in Denver, Colorado. Question: The writer of "I Am Joaquin" convened the first-ever Chicano youth conference in what year? Answer:

1969

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## YC Newfoundland YC Newfoundland (sometimes referred to as Youth Conference) is a Christian Youth Conference in Newfoundland, Canada which has been hosted in Corner Brook, St. John's, and Gander in different years. ## Generation of Youth for Christ Generation of Youth for Christ, formerly the General Youth Conference, is an annual conference and expression of Adventist theology which organizes and coordinates Bible studies, online sermons, regional youth conferences, mission trips, global networking opportunities for young people, week of prayers and youth camp meetings. It began with a small group of Korean students studying their Bibles together all night. It developed through middle-of-the-night text-messaging between two university students, one in Massachusetts, the other in California. They decided to call people together for a small conference in the woods of California. At that first conference, held in 2002, 200 people were invited; 400 attended. Since then, the popularity of the conventions has grown. The 2010 convention registered 5100 participants. At the main worship service on Saturday morning, 7600 people attended, including many local church members who joined in. ## I Am Joaquin I Am Joaquin (also known as Yo soy Joaquin), by Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales, is a famous epic poem associated with the Chicano movement of the 1960s in the United States. In "I am Joaquin", Joaquin (the narrative voice of the poem) speaks of the struggles that the Chicano people have faced in trying to achieve economic justice and equal rights in the U.S, as well as to find an identity of being part of a hybrid mestizo society. He promises that his culture will survive if all Chicano people stand proud and demand acceptance. ## Mark Matlock Mark Matlock (born 1969) is the Executive Director of Youth Specialties and the founder of WisdomWorks Ministries. He is an ordained minister and youth pastor who lives in Dallas. He coauthored the book "Dirty Faith" with Audio Adrenaline. He also wrote "Freshman: The College Student's Guide to Developing Wisdom". In this book, Matlock gives the following definition for wisdom: "the human capacity to understand life from God's perspective"; in the book "Lost in Transition: Becoming Spiritually Prepared for College", Tommy McGregor praised Matlock's definition for recognizing that "true wisdom comes from God." Matlock spoke at the 2006 Creation Festival, the world's biggest Christian music festival. He also spoke to an audience of 11,000 Christian youth at DCLA that year. In 2011, he spoke at the Nazarene Youth Conference in Louisville, Kentucky. Mark is the main speaker and founder of Planet Wisdom, which has featured Chris Coleman, Mercy Me, The Digital Age, Addison Road The Swift, The Skit Guys (Eddie James & Tommy Woodard), Fred Lynch, Sean McDowell and Heather Flies. ## Their Dogs Came with Them Their Dogs Came With Them is a 2007 novel by Helena Maria Viramontes. Viramontes was born in East Los Angeles, California, into a Mexican American family. She attended Garfield High School and later Immaculate Heart College where she earned her BA in English Literature. During her time in school, Viramontes became deeply influenced by the Chicano Movement. "Their Dogs Came With Them" is Viramontes most recent work. Seventeen years in production, "Their Dogs" is acclaimed for its complex characters and personal, gritty writing style. The novel is largely based on Viramontes's childhood in East Los Angeles. The book focuses on the freeway construction and difficult conditions for the Mexican Americans living in this area at the time. It also explores the formation of Chicano youth gangs and their impact on Chicano communities. ## Rodolfo Gonzales Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzáles (June 18, 1928 – April 12, 2005) was a Mexican American boxer, poet, and political activist. He convened the first-ever Chicano youth conference in March 1969, which was attended by many future Chicano activists and artists. The conference also promulgated the Plan Espiritual de Aztlán, a manifesto demanding self-determination for Chicanos. As an early figure of the movement for the equal rights of Mexican Americans, he is often considered one of the founders of the Chicano Movement. ## International Vietnamese Youth Conference An International Vietnamese Youth Conference is organized every two or three years by the Len Duong International Vietnamese Youth Network, drawing Vietnamese youths from around the world to gather and discuss topics relating to Vietnamese youths and to network with each other. These conferences are attended by between 200 and 600 young people from more than 15 countries. The Vietnamese spelling of the conference is "Đại Hội Thanh Niên Sinh Viên Việt Nam Thế Giới," (World Vietnamese Student Youth Conference) and is therefore also abbreviated and nicknamed "DH" (conf.), followed by the conference number, such as "DH1" for the first conference, "DH2" for the second, and so on. ## Youth of the Nation Conference Youth of the Nation is an annual Christian Youth Conference held in Wanganui, New Zealand. Unlike many other Christian conferences, this event is not held by one specific church or denomination. Youth of the Nation conferences and events are hosted by The Youth Of The Nation Trust in collaboration with other churches from around New Zealand. For the first 8 years the conferences were hosted by the Wanganui Christian Youth Workers collective, a group of Christian youth pastors & workers from different denominations & churches across the city of Wanganui. This collective included representatives from Anglican, Apostolic, Assemblies of God, Baptist, Open Brethren, Catholic, Incedo, Presbyterian, Christian Outreach Centre—now known as International Network of Churches—, Elim, Salvation Army, & non-denominational. Since 2012, the YOTN Trust has partnered with churches, not only in Wanganui, but from across New Zealand to host events in different cities. ## Chicano art movement The Chicano Art Movement represents attempts by Mexican-American artists to establish a unique artistic identity in the United States. Much of the art and the artists creating Chicano Art were heavily influenced by Chicano Movement (El Movimiento) which began in the 1960s. Chicano art was influenced by post-Mexican Revolution ideologies, pre-Columbian art, European painting techniques and Mexican-American social, political and cultural issues. The movement worked to resist and challenge dominant social norms and stereotypes for cultural autonomy and self-determination. Some issues the movement focused on were awareness of collective history and culture, restoration of land grants, and equal opportunity for social mobility. Throughout the movement and beyond, Chicanos have used art to express their cultural values, as protest or for aesthetic value. The art has evolved over time to not only illustrate current struggles and social issues, but also to continue to inform Chicano youth and unify around their culture and histories. Chicano art is not just Mexican-American artwork: it is a public forum that emphasizes otherwise "invisible" histories and people is a unique form of American art. ## Plan Espiritual de Aztlán The Plan Espiritual de Aztlán (English: "Spiritual Plan of Aztlán") was a pro-indigenist manifesto advocating Chicano nationalism and self-determination for Mexican Americans. It was adopted by the First National Chicano Liberation Youth Conference, a March 1969 convention hosted by Rodolfo Gonzales's Crusade for Justice in Denver, Colorado. Question: The writer of "I Am Joaquin" convened the first-ever Chicano youth conference in what year? Answer: ### Response: 1969

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Jean-Michel Byron Jean-Michel Byron (born Jean-Michel Byron DuPlessis) is a South African-born funk and rock vocalist. The singer-songwriter is best known for serving for a time as the lead vocalist for the Los Angeles-based progressive rock band Toto for new material on their first greatest hits album, "Past to Present", as well as the band's "Greatest Hits Live...and More" project. Byron was the fourth frontman in the band's history, replacing Joseph Williams after Williams had suffered from voice issues due to intense touring, and the South African singer was pushed heavily by the group's record label. The line-up change divided Toto's band-members, yet key group member Jeff Porcaro expressed support at first. His tenure with the band ended up being both brief and highly controversial with fans. In more recent years, Byron has collaborated with the jazz fusion group Michael Sanders & the One Tribe Nation. ## Chris Williams (offensive lineman) Christopher Joseph Williams (born August 26, 1985) is a former American football guard. He was drafted by the Chicago Bears 14th overall in the 2008 NFL Draft. He played college football at Vanderbilt. Williams has also played for the St. Louis Rams and the Buffalo Bills. ## William Joseph Williams William Joseph Williams (November 17, 1759 – November 30, 1823) was an American painter. He was born in New York City, the son of William Williams, a painter born in Bristol, and Mary Mare Williams, sister of the painter John Mare. Today, Williams is widely regarded as the first American portraitist. ## Joseph Williams (musician) Joseph Stanley Williams (born September 1, 1960) is an American rock singer and film score composer, best known for his work in the rock band Toto, who he fronted from 1986 to 1989, and again from 2010 to the present. He is the son of film composer John Williams and actress/singer Barbara Ruick and the grandson of jazz drummer Johnny Williams and actors Melville Ruick and Lurene Tuttle. ## Minoru Niihara Minoru Niihara (二井原 実 , Niihara Minoru ) (born March 12, 1960 in Osaka, Japan) is the original and current lead singer of the Japanese heavy metal band, Loudness. ## Jealousy (Loudness EP) Jealousy is an EP by Japanese band Loudness. It was released in May 1988 only in Japan, a market that the band felt to have neglected in favour of American audiences. It would also mark the final recording with the classic line-up, until "Spiritual Canoe" in 2001. Singer Minoru Niihara left the band after the end of the domestic tour promoting this release. The song "Long Distance Love" would later be reworked for the "On the Prowl" album, with vocals by American singer Mike Vescera. ## Tony Spinner Tony Spinner (born June 9, 1963 in Cape Girardeau, Missouri) is an American rock and blues singer and guitarist, best known for his collaborations with Toto and Paul Gilbert. Spinner, who toured with Toto from 1999 until their temporary hiatus in 2008, was personally selected by David Paich as a backup guitarist and backing vocalist and would perform lead vocals on the song "Stop Loving You," originally performed by former Toto member Joseph Williams. When Toto reformed in 2010, Williams rejoined the band. As a result, Spinner was not invited to re-join the band for the tour. ## On the Prowl (album) On the Prowl is the ninth studio album released by the Japanese heavy metal band Loudness. It is also their second and last album with American vocalist Mike Vescera, before his leaving to join Yngwie Malmsteen's band for the album "The Seventh Sign" (1994). "On the Prowl" is mainly a compilation of self-covers of songs from early Loudness' albums, containing only three new songs written by the band (♠). However, Mike Vescera translated and adapted the lyrics of the old songs written by former vocalist Minoru Niihara, to be sung in English. ## Sly (band) Sly was a Japanese heavy metal band formed in 1994 by former members of popular groups of the Japanese metal scene. The line-up included singer Minoru Niihara and drummer Munetaka Higuchi (Loudness), guitarist Shinichiro Ishihara (Earthshaker) and bassist Koichi Terasawa (Blizzard). Sly disbanded in 1998, with Niihara and Higuchi re-joining Loudness in 2000 and Ishihara taking part in the reformation of his former group Earthshaker in 1999. ## Michael Landau Michael Landau (born June 1, 1958) is an American musician, engineer, and record producer. He is a prolific session musician and guitarist who has played on a large number of albums since the early 1980s with artists as varied as Boz Scaggs, Minoru Niihara, Joni Mitchell, Seal, Michael Jackson, James Taylor, Helen Watson, Richard Marx, Steve Perry, Pink Floyd, Roger Daltrey, Glenn Frey, and Miles Davis. Landau, along with fellow session guitarists Dean Parks, Steve Lukather, Michael Thompson and Dann Huff, played on many of the major label releases recorded in Los Angeles from the 1980s–1990s. He has released music with several record labels including Ulftone Music and Tone Center Records, a member of the California-based Shrapnel Label Group. Question: Who was born earliest, Joseph Williams or Minoru Niihara? Answer:

Minoru Niihara

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Jean-Michel Byron Jean-Michel Byron (born Jean-Michel Byron DuPlessis) is a South African-born funk and rock vocalist. The singer-songwriter is best known for serving for a time as the lead vocalist for the Los Angeles-based progressive rock band Toto for new material on their first greatest hits album, "Past to Present", as well as the band's "Greatest Hits Live...and More" project. Byron was the fourth frontman in the band's history, replacing Joseph Williams after Williams had suffered from voice issues due to intense touring, and the South African singer was pushed heavily by the group's record label. The line-up change divided Toto's band-members, yet key group member Jeff Porcaro expressed support at first. His tenure with the band ended up being both brief and highly controversial with fans. In more recent years, Byron has collaborated with the jazz fusion group Michael Sanders & the One Tribe Nation. ## Chris Williams (offensive lineman) Christopher Joseph Williams (born August 26, 1985) is a former American football guard. He was drafted by the Chicago Bears 14th overall in the 2008 NFL Draft. He played college football at Vanderbilt. Williams has also played for the St. Louis Rams and the Buffalo Bills. ## William Joseph Williams William Joseph Williams (November 17, 1759 – November 30, 1823) was an American painter. He was born in New York City, the son of William Williams, a painter born in Bristol, and Mary Mare Williams, sister of the painter John Mare. Today, Williams is widely regarded as the first American portraitist. ## Joseph Williams (musician) Joseph Stanley Williams (born September 1, 1960) is an American rock singer and film score composer, best known for his work in the rock band Toto, who he fronted from 1986 to 1989, and again from 2010 to the present. He is the son of film composer John Williams and actress/singer Barbara Ruick and the grandson of jazz drummer Johnny Williams and actors Melville Ruick and Lurene Tuttle. ## Minoru Niihara Minoru Niihara (二井原 実 , Niihara Minoru ) (born March 12, 1960 in Osaka, Japan) is the original and current lead singer of the Japanese heavy metal band, Loudness. ## Jealousy (Loudness EP) Jealousy is an EP by Japanese band Loudness. It was released in May 1988 only in Japan, a market that the band felt to have neglected in favour of American audiences. It would also mark the final recording with the classic line-up, until "Spiritual Canoe" in 2001. Singer Minoru Niihara left the band after the end of the domestic tour promoting this release. The song "Long Distance Love" would later be reworked for the "On the Prowl" album, with vocals by American singer Mike Vescera. ## Tony Spinner Tony Spinner (born June 9, 1963 in Cape Girardeau, Missouri) is an American rock and blues singer and guitarist, best known for his collaborations with Toto and Paul Gilbert. Spinner, who toured with Toto from 1999 until their temporary hiatus in 2008, was personally selected by David Paich as a backup guitarist and backing vocalist and would perform lead vocals on the song "Stop Loving You," originally performed by former Toto member Joseph Williams. When Toto reformed in 2010, Williams rejoined the band. As a result, Spinner was not invited to re-join the band for the tour. ## On the Prowl (album) On the Prowl is the ninth studio album released by the Japanese heavy metal band Loudness. It is also their second and last album with American vocalist Mike Vescera, before his leaving to join Yngwie Malmsteen's band for the album "The Seventh Sign" (1994). "On the Prowl" is mainly a compilation of self-covers of songs from early Loudness' albums, containing only three new songs written by the band (♠). However, Mike Vescera translated and adapted the lyrics of the old songs written by former vocalist Minoru Niihara, to be sung in English. ## Sly (band) Sly was a Japanese heavy metal band formed in 1994 by former members of popular groups of the Japanese metal scene. The line-up included singer Minoru Niihara and drummer Munetaka Higuchi (Loudness), guitarist Shinichiro Ishihara (Earthshaker) and bassist Koichi Terasawa (Blizzard). Sly disbanded in 1998, with Niihara and Higuchi re-joining Loudness in 2000 and Ishihara taking part in the reformation of his former group Earthshaker in 1999. ## Michael Landau Michael Landau (born June 1, 1958) is an American musician, engineer, and record producer. He is a prolific session musician and guitarist who has played on a large number of albums since the early 1980s with artists as varied as Boz Scaggs, Minoru Niihara, Joni Mitchell, Seal, Michael Jackson, James Taylor, Helen Watson, Richard Marx, Steve Perry, Pink Floyd, Roger Daltrey, Glenn Frey, and Miles Davis. Landau, along with fellow session guitarists Dean Parks, Steve Lukather, Michael Thompson and Dann Huff, played on many of the major label releases recorded in Los Angeles from the 1980s–1990s. He has released music with several record labels including Ulftone Music and Tone Center Records, a member of the California-based Shrapnel Label Group. Question: Who was born earliest, Joseph Williams or Minoru Niihara? Answer: ### Response: Minoru Niihara

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Samuel Bell Samuel Bell (February 9, 1770December 23, 1850) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 14th Governor of New Hampshire from 1819 to 1823, and as the United States Senator for New Hampshire from 1823 to 1835. Born in Londonderry in the Province of New Hampshire, Bell became a lawyer in the 1790s, and entered politics by becoming a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1804. In 1806, the year he left the House, he became the head of a bank which during his tenure in that position became the only New Hampshire bank to fail between 1792 and 1840. A member of the New Hampshire Senate from 1807 to 1809, and an associate justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court from 1816 to 1819, Bell was elected to become the Governor of New Hampshire in 1819 as Democratic-Republican. Re-elected in 1820, 1821, and 1822 against token opposition, Bell's victory in 1822 was accompanied by the largest share of votes cast for a governor candidate of New Hampshire since John Taylor Gilman's victory in 1795. Whilst Governor, New Hampshire's crime level fell, and industry within the state prospered. In 1823, declining to stand again for the governorship, he became a Senator for New Hampshire. He won re-election in 1829, was the chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Claims, and left the Senate in 1835. He retired from public life thereafter, and died in Chester, New Hampshire at the age of 80. He is buried in Chester Village Cemetery, Rockingham, New Hampshire. ## Benjamin Labaree Benjamin Labaree (June 3, 1801 – November 15, 1883) was a minister, professor and the longest serving president of Middlebury College from 1840 until 1866. Labaree was born in Charlestown, New Hampshire. He was an 1828 graduate of Dartmouth College as well as a recipient of graduate degrees from the University of Vermont and Dartmouth. ## Prescott, Massachusetts Prescott was a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts. It was incorporated in 1822 from portions of Pelham and New Salem, and was partially built on Equivalent Lands. It was named in honor of Colonel William Prescott, who commanded the American forces at the Battle of Bunker Hill. It was unincorporated on April 28, 1938, as part of the creation of the Quabbin Reservoir. It was the least populous of the four unincorporated towns, with barely 300 residents by 1900. Upon dissolution, portions of the town were annexed to the adjacent towns of New Salem and Petersham. The majority of the former town (the New Salem portion) is still above water, and is known as the Prescott Peninsula. The public is not allowed on the peninsula except for an annual tour given by the Swift River Valley Historical Society, or for hikes conducted by the Society. None of the land is in Hampshire County any longer; the New Salem portion is in Franklin County; and the Petersham portion is in Worcester County. ## James Caudy James Caudy (1707 – March 15, 1784) was an American frontiersman, settler, and landowner in the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians of the Colony of Virginia—present-day West Virginia. Caudy was born in the Netherlands, immigrated to the Thirteen Colonies in the 1730s, and settled within the Cacapon River valley near present-day Capon Bridge in Hampshire County. As early as 1741, Caudy was associated with the arrangement and development of transportation routes throughout present-day Hampshire County. Caudy twice hosted George Washington; first during his surveying expedition in 1748 and again upon Washington's 1750 return to the Cacapon River valley. ## Charlestown, New Hampshire Charlestown is a town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,114 at the 2010 census. The town is home to Hubbard State Forest and the headquarters of the Student Conservation Association. ## Massachusetts Route 32 Massachusetts Route 32 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The highway runs 60.66 mi from the Connecticut state line in Monson, where the highway continues as Connecticut Route 32, north to the New Hampshire state line in Royalston, where the highway continues as New Hampshire Route 32 (NH 32). Route 32 connects several towns on the eastern edge of Western Massachusetts. The highway serves Palmer in eastern Hampden County, Ware in eastern Hampshire County, and Barre and Athol in northwestern Worcester County. Route 32 intersects major east–west routes including U.S. Route 20 (US 20) and the Massachusetts Turnpike in Palmer, Route 9 in Ware, and US 202 and Route 2 in Athol. The highway has an alternate route, Route 32A, through Hardwick and Petersham. ## Coös County, New Hampshire Coös County ( , with two syllables), frequently spelled Coos County, is a county in the state of New Hampshire, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,055, the least of any New Hampshire county. The county seat is Lancaster. ## Neil McCorkell Neil Thomas McCorkell (23 March 1912 – 28 February 2013) was an English cricketer. He was right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Portsmouth, Hampshire. Debuting for Hampshire County Cricket Club in 1932, McCorkell played first-class cricket for Hampshire in two periods, from 1932 to 1939, then after World War II from 1946 to 1951. Statistically he ended his first-class career as Hampshire's most successful wicket-keeper in first-class cricket, with 677 dismissals, although Bobby Parks later overtook that total. Following his retirement he emigrated to South Africa, where he still resided until his death. In 2012, he became the 16th first-class cricketer to reach 100 years of age. ## Danny Briggs Danny Richard Briggs (born 30 April 1991) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Sussex County Cricket Club, previously playing for Hampshire County Cricket Club. Briggs is a right-handed batsman who bowls slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Newport on the Isle of Wight and was educated on the island at Carisbrooke High School. Briggs is the first international player to be born on the Isle of Wight. Briggs made his debut for Hampshire County Cricket Club aged 18 in 2009, since his debut he has seen success in first-class and Twenty20 cricket. In 2011, he became the youngest English spin bowler to take 100 first-class wickets since Derek Underwood. He made his full international debut for England on 21 February 2012 against Pakistan in the fourth One Day International at the DSC Cricket Stadium in Dubai. ## Calvin Dickinson Calvin Miles Dickinson (born 3 November 1996) is a proud member of the CENNNNC group. Also, a South African born English cricketer who plays for Hampshire County Cricket Club. He is primarily a wicket-keeper who bats right-handed. Having made his debut in 2016 for Oxford MCCU, playing two first-class matches, he joined Hampshire on a 'Hampshire scholarship' in the summer of 2017. He made his debut for Hampshire against South Africa A on 8 June 2017, scoring 99 in his first innings and 13 in his second, while taking 4 catches. Question: Benjamin Labaree was born in what New Hampshire county? Answer:

Sullivan County

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Samuel Bell Samuel Bell (February 9, 1770December 23, 1850) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 14th Governor of New Hampshire from 1819 to 1823, and as the United States Senator for New Hampshire from 1823 to 1835. Born in Londonderry in the Province of New Hampshire, Bell became a lawyer in the 1790s, and entered politics by becoming a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1804. In 1806, the year he left the House, he became the head of a bank which during his tenure in that position became the only New Hampshire bank to fail between 1792 and 1840. A member of the New Hampshire Senate from 1807 to 1809, and an associate justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court from 1816 to 1819, Bell was elected to become the Governor of New Hampshire in 1819 as Democratic-Republican. Re-elected in 1820, 1821, and 1822 against token opposition, Bell's victory in 1822 was accompanied by the largest share of votes cast for a governor candidate of New Hampshire since John Taylor Gilman's victory in 1795. Whilst Governor, New Hampshire's crime level fell, and industry within the state prospered. In 1823, declining to stand again for the governorship, he became a Senator for New Hampshire. He won re-election in 1829, was the chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Claims, and left the Senate in 1835. He retired from public life thereafter, and died in Chester, New Hampshire at the age of 80. He is buried in Chester Village Cemetery, Rockingham, New Hampshire. ## Benjamin Labaree Benjamin Labaree (June 3, 1801 – November 15, 1883) was a minister, professor and the longest serving president of Middlebury College from 1840 until 1866. Labaree was born in Charlestown, New Hampshire. He was an 1828 graduate of Dartmouth College as well as a recipient of graduate degrees from the University of Vermont and Dartmouth. ## Prescott, Massachusetts Prescott was a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts. It was incorporated in 1822 from portions of Pelham and New Salem, and was partially built on Equivalent Lands. It was named in honor of Colonel William Prescott, who commanded the American forces at the Battle of Bunker Hill. It was unincorporated on April 28, 1938, as part of the creation of the Quabbin Reservoir. It was the least populous of the four unincorporated towns, with barely 300 residents by 1900. Upon dissolution, portions of the town were annexed to the adjacent towns of New Salem and Petersham. The majority of the former town (the New Salem portion) is still above water, and is known as the Prescott Peninsula. The public is not allowed on the peninsula except for an annual tour given by the Swift River Valley Historical Society, or for hikes conducted by the Society. None of the land is in Hampshire County any longer; the New Salem portion is in Franklin County; and the Petersham portion is in Worcester County. ## James Caudy James Caudy (1707 – March 15, 1784) was an American frontiersman, settler, and landowner in the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians of the Colony of Virginia—present-day West Virginia. Caudy was born in the Netherlands, immigrated to the Thirteen Colonies in the 1730s, and settled within the Cacapon River valley near present-day Capon Bridge in Hampshire County. As early as 1741, Caudy was associated with the arrangement and development of transportation routes throughout present-day Hampshire County. Caudy twice hosted George Washington; first during his surveying expedition in 1748 and again upon Washington's 1750 return to the Cacapon River valley. ## Charlestown, New Hampshire Charlestown is a town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,114 at the 2010 census. The town is home to Hubbard State Forest and the headquarters of the Student Conservation Association. ## Massachusetts Route 32 Massachusetts Route 32 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The highway runs 60.66 mi from the Connecticut state line in Monson, where the highway continues as Connecticut Route 32, north to the New Hampshire state line in Royalston, where the highway continues as New Hampshire Route 32 (NH 32). Route 32 connects several towns on the eastern edge of Western Massachusetts. The highway serves Palmer in eastern Hampden County, Ware in eastern Hampshire County, and Barre and Athol in northwestern Worcester County. Route 32 intersects major east–west routes including U.S. Route 20 (US 20) and the Massachusetts Turnpike in Palmer, Route 9 in Ware, and US 202 and Route 2 in Athol. The highway has an alternate route, Route 32A, through Hardwick and Petersham. ## Coös County, New Hampshire Coös County ( , with two syllables), frequently spelled Coos County, is a county in the state of New Hampshire, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,055, the least of any New Hampshire county. The county seat is Lancaster. ## Neil McCorkell Neil Thomas McCorkell (23 March 1912 – 28 February 2013) was an English cricketer. He was right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Portsmouth, Hampshire. Debuting for Hampshire County Cricket Club in 1932, McCorkell played first-class cricket for Hampshire in two periods, from 1932 to 1939, then after World War II from 1946 to 1951. Statistically he ended his first-class career as Hampshire's most successful wicket-keeper in first-class cricket, with 677 dismissals, although Bobby Parks later overtook that total. Following his retirement he emigrated to South Africa, where he still resided until his death. In 2012, he became the 16th first-class cricketer to reach 100 years of age. ## Danny Briggs Danny Richard Briggs (born 30 April 1991) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Sussex County Cricket Club, previously playing for Hampshire County Cricket Club. Briggs is a right-handed batsman who bowls slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Newport on the Isle of Wight and was educated on the island at Carisbrooke High School. Briggs is the first international player to be born on the Isle of Wight. Briggs made his debut for Hampshire County Cricket Club aged 18 in 2009, since his debut he has seen success in first-class and Twenty20 cricket. In 2011, he became the youngest English spin bowler to take 100 first-class wickets since Derek Underwood. He made his full international debut for England on 21 February 2012 against Pakistan in the fourth One Day International at the DSC Cricket Stadium in Dubai. ## Calvin Dickinson Calvin Miles Dickinson (born 3 November 1996) is a proud member of the CENNNNC group. Also, a South African born English cricketer who plays for Hampshire County Cricket Club. He is primarily a wicket-keeper who bats right-handed. Having made his debut in 2016 for Oxford MCCU, playing two first-class matches, he joined Hampshire on a 'Hampshire scholarship' in the summer of 2017. He made his debut for Hampshire against South Africa A on 8 June 2017, scoring 99 in his first innings and 13 in his second, while taking 4 catches. Question: Benjamin Labaree was born in what New Hampshire county? Answer: ### Response: Sullivan County

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Dinosaur Train Dinosaur Train is an American/Canadian/Singaporean children's animated series created by Craig Bartlett, who also created "Hey Arnold!". The series features a curious young "Tyrannosaurus rex" named Buddy who, together with his adopted "Pteranodon" family, takes the Dinosaur Train to explore his time period, and have adventures with all kinds of dinosaurs. It is produced by The Jim Henson Company in association with Media Development Authority, Sparky Animation, FableVision, and Snee-Oosh, Inc. ## The Edge with Jake Sasseville The Edge with Jake Sasseville was an American late-night television talk show created and hosted by Jake Sasseville. The series combined celebrity interviews, unscripted comedy, and behind-the-scenes footage. The program was produced by Sasseville's production company, Foot in Mouth, Inc., and was based in New York, New York. It began on Public-access television in Auburn, Maine in 2001, aired briefly on Fox affiliates in Maine in 2004, and its first 13-episode national season began airing on at least 37 ABC affiliates on February 14, 2008. The show stopped airing in 2010 and Sasseville now hosts "Late Night Republic". When it ran, in most markets, the program aired at 1:05 a.m. on Friday mornings following "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" The program has followed an unusual path of obtaining nationwide exposure by purchasing blocks of airtime in local markets and selling advertising itself. Initial nationwide sponsors included the Ford Motor Company, Overstock.com, and Red Bull. ## Tommy Bartlett Show The Tommy Bartlett Show, previously known as the Tommy Bartlett's Water Ski & Jumping Boat Thrill Show, is a popular tourist attraction in Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin. The show was created in 1952 by Wisconsin showman Tommy Bartlett as a traveling group of entertainers, based in Chicago, Illinois. After changing its base of operations to Wisconsin Dells, the performers continued to tour, performing at World's Fairs and U.S.O. shows. According to the show's official website, over 20 million spectators have seen the show since its creation. ## Hey Arnold! Hey Arnold! is an American animated television series created by Craig Bartlett that aired on Nickelodeon from October 7, 1996 to June 8, 2004. The show centers on a fourth grader named Arnold, who lives with his grandparents in an inner-city boarding house. Episodes center on his experiences navigating big city life while dealing with the problems he and his friends encounter. ## Go (game show) Go is an American television game show created by Bob Stewart and aired on NBC from October 3, 1983 to January 20, 1984. The show featured two teams, each composed of four contestants and a celebrity. The teams had to construct questions one word at a time to convey a word or phrase to their teammates. The concept of "Go" was based on a bonus round used on "Chain Reaction", another game show created by Stewart. ## Hey Arnold!: The Jungle Movie Hey Arnold!: The Jungle Movie is an upcoming American animated television film split into two parts and is based on Craig Bartlett's "Hey Arnold!" TV series. The film will be a sequel to 2002's "" and the two-part series finale "The Journal", which also premiered in 2002 on Nickelodeon, as part of the fifth and final season of the original series. ## The Joe Schmo Show The Joe Schmo Show is a reality television hoax show created by Paul Wernick and Rhett Reese. The series is broadcast in the U.S. on the cable network Spike. The show's premise is that a target person or persons are led to believe that they are contestants on a reality television show; in reality, all of the other participants in the purported show – including the host – are actors, and their actions and the outcome of the purported show are all scripted in an attempt to elicit comedic reactions from the targets. The show's first season, The Joe Schmo Show, aired in 2003, and its second season, Joe Schmo 2, aired in 2004. The first season's hoax was conducted as a typical reality competition show while the second hoax was a "Bachelor"-like dating series. ## Brian A. Miller Brian A. Miller is an American television producer and the current Senior Vice President and General Manager of Cartoon Network Studios in Burbank, California, having assumed the title in 2000. He was formerly Vice President of Production at Nickelodeon Animation Studio, Vice President of Production at Hanna-Barbera, and Vice President of Production at DIC Entertainment. He also served as a production supervisor for "Alvin and the Chipmunks". He was also the executive in charge of production for various shows in the 1990s and early 2000s such as "Dexter's Laboratory", "CatDog", "Hey Arnold!", "The Angry Beavers", "ChalkZone", "", "The Powerpuff Girls", "Captain Planet and the Planeteers", "Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog", "Cow and Chicken", "Johnny Bravo", and the first season of "SpongeBob SquarePants". ## Hey Arnold!: The Movie Hey Arnold!: The Movie is a 2002 American animated adventure comedy film based on the Nickelodeon animated television series of the same name. It was directed by Tuck Tucker and written by series creator Craig Bartlett and Steve Viksten, with music by Jim Lang. The film stars Spencer Klein, Francesca Smith, Jamil Walker Smith, Dan Castellaneta, Tress MacNeille, Paul Sorvino, Jennifer Jason Leigh, and Christopher Lloyd. The film follows Arnold, Gerald, and Helga on a quest to save their neighborhood from a greedy developer who plans on converting it into a huge shopping mall. ## List of Hey Arnold! episodes "Hey Arnold!" is an American animated television series created by Craig Bartlett that aired on Nickelodeon from October 7, 1996 to June 8, 2004. The show centers on a fourth grader named Arnold, who lives with his grandparents in an inner-city boarding house. A total of 100 episodes aired over the course of 5 seasons. "", a feature-length film based on series, was released theatrically on June 28, 2002. "", a television film based on the series, is scheduled to premiere in November 2017. Question: Who was the executive in charge of production for a show created by Craig Bartlett that aired from 1996 to 2004? Answer:

Brian A. Miller

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Dinosaur Train Dinosaur Train is an American/Canadian/Singaporean children's animated series created by Craig Bartlett, who also created "Hey Arnold!". The series features a curious young "Tyrannosaurus rex" named Buddy who, together with his adopted "Pteranodon" family, takes the Dinosaur Train to explore his time period, and have adventures with all kinds of dinosaurs. It is produced by The Jim Henson Company in association with Media Development Authority, Sparky Animation, FableVision, and Snee-Oosh, Inc. ## The Edge with Jake Sasseville The Edge with Jake Sasseville was an American late-night television talk show created and hosted by Jake Sasseville. The series combined celebrity interviews, unscripted comedy, and behind-the-scenes footage. The program was produced by Sasseville's production company, Foot in Mouth, Inc., and was based in New York, New York. It began on Public-access television in Auburn, Maine in 2001, aired briefly on Fox affiliates in Maine in 2004, and its first 13-episode national season began airing on at least 37 ABC affiliates on February 14, 2008. The show stopped airing in 2010 and Sasseville now hosts "Late Night Republic". When it ran, in most markets, the program aired at 1:05 a.m. on Friday mornings following "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" The program has followed an unusual path of obtaining nationwide exposure by purchasing blocks of airtime in local markets and selling advertising itself. Initial nationwide sponsors included the Ford Motor Company, Overstock.com, and Red Bull. ## Tommy Bartlett Show The Tommy Bartlett Show, previously known as the Tommy Bartlett's Water Ski & Jumping Boat Thrill Show, is a popular tourist attraction in Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin. The show was created in 1952 by Wisconsin showman Tommy Bartlett as a traveling group of entertainers, based in Chicago, Illinois. After changing its base of operations to Wisconsin Dells, the performers continued to tour, performing at World's Fairs and U.S.O. shows. According to the show's official website, over 20 million spectators have seen the show since its creation. ## Hey Arnold! Hey Arnold! is an American animated television series created by Craig Bartlett that aired on Nickelodeon from October 7, 1996 to June 8, 2004. The show centers on a fourth grader named Arnold, who lives with his grandparents in an inner-city boarding house. Episodes center on his experiences navigating big city life while dealing with the problems he and his friends encounter. ## Go (game show) Go is an American television game show created by Bob Stewart and aired on NBC from October 3, 1983 to January 20, 1984. The show featured two teams, each composed of four contestants and a celebrity. The teams had to construct questions one word at a time to convey a word or phrase to their teammates. The concept of "Go" was based on a bonus round used on "Chain Reaction", another game show created by Stewart. ## Hey Arnold!: The Jungle Movie Hey Arnold!: The Jungle Movie is an upcoming American animated television film split into two parts and is based on Craig Bartlett's "Hey Arnold!" TV series. The film will be a sequel to 2002's "" and the two-part series finale "The Journal", which also premiered in 2002 on Nickelodeon, as part of the fifth and final season of the original series. ## The Joe Schmo Show The Joe Schmo Show is a reality television hoax show created by Paul Wernick and Rhett Reese. The series is broadcast in the U.S. on the cable network Spike. The show's premise is that a target person or persons are led to believe that they are contestants on a reality television show; in reality, all of the other participants in the purported show – including the host – are actors, and their actions and the outcome of the purported show are all scripted in an attempt to elicit comedic reactions from the targets. The show's first season, The Joe Schmo Show, aired in 2003, and its second season, Joe Schmo 2, aired in 2004. The first season's hoax was conducted as a typical reality competition show while the second hoax was a "Bachelor"-like dating series. ## Brian A. Miller Brian A. Miller is an American television producer and the current Senior Vice President and General Manager of Cartoon Network Studios in Burbank, California, having assumed the title in 2000. He was formerly Vice President of Production at Nickelodeon Animation Studio, Vice President of Production at Hanna-Barbera, and Vice President of Production at DIC Entertainment. He also served as a production supervisor for "Alvin and the Chipmunks". He was also the executive in charge of production for various shows in the 1990s and early 2000s such as "Dexter's Laboratory", "CatDog", "Hey Arnold!", "The Angry Beavers", "ChalkZone", "", "The Powerpuff Girls", "Captain Planet and the Planeteers", "Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog", "Cow and Chicken", "Johnny Bravo", and the first season of "SpongeBob SquarePants". ## Hey Arnold!: The Movie Hey Arnold!: The Movie is a 2002 American animated adventure comedy film based on the Nickelodeon animated television series of the same name. It was directed by Tuck Tucker and written by series creator Craig Bartlett and Steve Viksten, with music by Jim Lang. The film stars Spencer Klein, Francesca Smith, Jamil Walker Smith, Dan Castellaneta, Tress MacNeille, Paul Sorvino, Jennifer Jason Leigh, and Christopher Lloyd. The film follows Arnold, Gerald, and Helga on a quest to save their neighborhood from a greedy developer who plans on converting it into a huge shopping mall. ## List of Hey Arnold! episodes "Hey Arnold!" is an American animated television series created by Craig Bartlett that aired on Nickelodeon from October 7, 1996 to June 8, 2004. The show centers on a fourth grader named Arnold, who lives with his grandparents in an inner-city boarding house. A total of 100 episodes aired over the course of 5 seasons. "", a feature-length film based on series, was released theatrically on June 28, 2002. "", a television film based on the series, is scheduled to premiere in November 2017. Question: Who was the executive in charge of production for a show created by Craig Bartlett that aired from 1996 to 2004? Answer: ### Response: Brian A. Miller

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Minions (film) Minions is a 2015 American computer-animated comedy film, serving as a spin-off/prequel to the "Despicable Me" franchise. Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures, it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, written by Brian Lynch, and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. The film stars the voices of Coffin (as the Minions, including: Kevin, Stuart and Bob), Sandra Bullock, Jon Hamm, Michael Keaton, Allison Janney, Steve Coogan and Jennifer Saunders with the narration provided by Geoffrey Rush. It was first foreshadowed in the end credits of "Despicable Me 2" (2013), where Kevin, Stuart and Bob, three of the Minions, are seen auditioning for the film. ## Levstik Award The Levstik Award (Slovene: "Levstikova nagrada" ) is a literary award in Slovenia awarded for achievements in children's literature. It has been bestowed since 1949 by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House, making it the first literary award established by a Slovene publishing house after the Second World War. It includes a prize for original works of literature, original illustrations, and non-fiction books for children. Up until 1989 it was awarded annually. Since then it has been awarded biannually. In the prize category for books only books published by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House are eligible for entry, but since 1999 the award for lifetime achievements in children's literature is the most prestigious award of its kind in Slovenia. The award is named after the 19th century Slovene writer, political activist and playwright Fran Levstik who also wrote works for children. ## Despicable Me Despicable Me is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated comedy film from Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment that was released on July 9, 2010, in the United States. It is the debut film of Illumination Entertainment. The film was animated by the French animation studio Mac Guff, which was later acquired by Illumination Entertainment. It was directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud as their feature debut film, with a story by Sergio Pablos. The film stars the voice of Steve Carell as Gru, a supervillain who adopts three girls (voiced by Miranda Cosgrove, Dana Gaier, and Elsie Fisher) from an orphanage; and the voice of Jason Segel as Vector, a rival of Gru who steals the Great Pyramid of Giza. When Gru learns of Vector's heist, he plans an even greater heist: to shrink and steal the Earth's moon. ## Another Postcard "Another Postcard" is a 2003-released song by the Canadian rock band Barenaked Ladies. It was the band's first single from the album "Everything to Everyone" which was released after the band took a nearly two-year hiatus from performing. The song is notable for its reggae-rap verses, somewhat evocative of Canadian rapper Snow. The verses are rapped by Ed Robertson while the chorus and bridge are led by Steven Page. The two co-wrote the track. The song was used and featured in the end credits and on the soundtrack of the 2008 American computer-animated science-fiction adventure family comedy film "Space Chimps". ## Brian Lynch (writer) Brian Michael Lynch (born June 21, 1973) is an American film and comic book writer. Lynch was the initial writer and co-creator with Joss Whedon of "" for IDW Publishing, and is best known for writing the screenplays for the films "Puss in Boots" and "Minions". He has also written an unproduced film adaptation of "The Sims". ## Despicable Me 3 Despicable Me 3 (stylized in marketing and onscreen as Despicable M3) is a 2017 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures. It is the third main installment in the "Despicable Me" film series and the sequel to "Despicable Me 2" (2013). The film is directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, co-directed by Eric Guillon and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. ## Military Medical Business Military Medical Business (Военно Санитарное Дело) was one of the professional medical journals of the Worker's and Peasant's Red Army (RKKA). The journal was published monthly in Moscow. Between 1938-1940, each issue cost 1 ruble and 50 kopecks. A 12-month subscription to the journal for the year 1939 cost 18 rubles. The Moscow publishing house published a total of 33 different professional medical journals for the RKKA in the year 1939. The Leningrad publishing house published five different journals that same year. Four different serials were also published by the Moscow publishing house under the title "Central Medical Abstract Journal". By the end of 1940, the price of a single issue of "Military Medical Business" had increased to 2 rubles. The Moscow publishing house advertised 33 different journals, the Leningrad publishing house advertised 5 journals, and the Kazan publishing house advertised 1 journal for the year 1941. A 12-month subscription to "Military Medical Business" cost 30 rubles in 1941. The Moscow publishing house also advertised four serials under the title "Central Medical Abstract Journal" for the year 1941. ## Despicable Me 2 Despicable Me 2 is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated comedy film and the sequel to the 2010 animated film "Despicable Me". Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures and animated by Illumination Mac Guff, the film was directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud, and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. Steve Carell, Russell Brand, Miranda Cosgrove, Elsie Fisher, and Dana Gaier reprise their roles as Gru, Dr. Nefario, Margo, Agnes, and Edith respectively. Kristen Wiig, who played Miss Hattie in the first film, voices agent Lucy Wilde, while Ken Jeong, who played the Talk Show Host, voices Floyd Eagle-san. New cast members include Benjamin Bratt as Eduardo "El Macho" Pérez and Steve Coogan as Silas Ramsbottom, head of the fictional Anti-Villain League (AVL). ## Gaspar Vibal Gaspar A. Vibal is the executive director of Vibal Foundation. As book collector, he pioneered the creation of Filipiniana.net (a "fully featured digital library and research portal") and WikiPilipinas.org, two of the foundation's flagship projects. As a balikbayan from New York City, Gaspar is a scion of a family long-established in the Philippine book publishing and commercial printing industry. His parents are Hilarion Palomer Vibal (1908–1988) and Esther Asuncion. Hilarion was a writer, editor, and publisher. He is known as the co-founder of Vibal Publishing House, Inc., the Philippines' biggest publishing house. He was among the first generations of Filipino writers in English. On April 30, 1950, Hilarion met and married Esther at the time he was recruited by Ramon Roces's associate D.H. Soriano to become the business editor of Evening News. Gaspar's mother Esther, on the other hand, is a writer, publisher, businesswoman, socio-civic worker, lifetime member of the prestigious Girl Scouts of the Philippines and philanthropist. As incumbent president of Vibal Publishing House Inc. (VPHI), she is known internationally as the first Asian and Filipino world president (1983) of Inner Wheel Club, a socio-civic organization formed by wives of Rotary International. She was the founder of Philippine Women's Studies project and Member of the Board of Trustees of UP Center for Women's Studies Foundation, Inc. (UP CWSFI), a commissioner of the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women, and was the president of the National Council of Women of the Philippines (1990). ## Ratatouille (film) Ratatouille ( ; ] ) is a 2007 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar and released by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution. It is the eighth film produced by Pixar and was co-written and directed by Brad Bird, who took over from Jan Pinkava in 2005. The title refers to a French dish, "ratatouille", which is served at the end of the film and is also a play on words about the species of the main character. The film stars the voices of Patton Oswalt as Remy, an anthropomorphic rat who is interested in cooking; Lou Romano as Linguini, a young garbage boy who befriends Remy; Ian Holm as Skinner, the head chef of Auguste Gusteau's restaurant; Janeane Garofalo as Colette, a rôtisseur at Gusteau's restaurant; Peter O'Toole as Anton Ego, a restaurant critic; Brian Dennehy as Django, Remy's father and leader of his clan; Peter Sohn as Emile, Remy's older brother; and Brad Garrett as Auguste Gusteau, a recently deceased chef. The plot follows Remy, who dreams of becoming a chef and tries to achieve his goal by forming an alliance with a Parisian restaurant's garbage boy. Question: What publishing house did the writer of the American computer-animated comedy film that was first foreshadowed in the end credits of "Despicable Me 2", co-create? Answer:

IDW Publishing

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Minions (film) Minions is a 2015 American computer-animated comedy film, serving as a spin-off/prequel to the "Despicable Me" franchise. Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures, it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, written by Brian Lynch, and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy. The film stars the voices of Coffin (as the Minions, including: Kevin, Stuart and Bob), Sandra Bullock, Jon Hamm, Michael Keaton, Allison Janney, Steve Coogan and Jennifer Saunders with the narration provided by Geoffrey Rush. It was first foreshadowed in the end credits of "Despicable Me 2" (2013), where Kevin, Stuart and Bob, three of the Minions, are seen auditioning for the film. ## Levstik Award The Levstik Award (Slovene: "Levstikova nagrada" ) is a literary award in Slovenia awarded for achievements in children's literature. It has been bestowed since 1949 by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House, making it the first literary award established by a Slovene publishing house after the Second World War. It includes a prize for original works of literature, original illustrations, and non-fiction books for children. Up until 1989 it was awarded annually. Since then it has been awarded biannually. In the prize category for books only books published by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House are eligible for entry, but since 1999 the award for lifetime achievements in children's literature is the most prestigious award of its kind in Slovenia. The award is named after the 19th century Slovene writer, political activist and playwright Fran Levstik who also wrote works for children. ## Despicable Me Despicable Me is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated comedy film from Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment that was released on July 9, 2010, in the United States. It is the debut film of Illumination Entertainment. The film was animated by the French animation studio Mac Guff, which was later acquired by Illumination Entertainment. It was directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud as their feature debut film, with a story by Sergio Pablos. The film stars the voice of Steve Carell as Gru, a supervillain who adopts three girls (voiced by Miranda Cosgrove, Dana Gaier, and Elsie Fisher) from an orphanage; and the voice of Jason Segel as Vector, a rival of Gru who steals the Great Pyramid of Giza. When Gru learns of Vector's heist, he plans an even greater heist: to shrink and steal the Earth's moon. ## Another Postcard "Another Postcard" is a 2003-released song by the Canadian rock band Barenaked Ladies. It was the band's first single from the album "Everything to Everyone" which was released after the band took a nearly two-year hiatus from performing. The song is notable for its reggae-rap verses, somewhat evocative of Canadian rapper Snow. The verses are rapped by Ed Robertson while the chorus and bridge are led by Steven Page. The two co-wrote the track. The song was used and featured in the end credits and on the soundtrack of the 2008 American computer-animated science-fiction adventure family comedy film "Space Chimps". ## Brian Lynch (writer) Brian Michael Lynch (born June 21, 1973) is an American film and comic book writer. Lynch was the initial writer and co-creator with Joss Whedon of "" for IDW Publishing, and is best known for writing the screenplays for the films "Puss in Boots" and "Minions". He has also written an unproduced film adaptation of "The Sims". ## Despicable Me 3 Despicable Me 3 (stylized in marketing and onscreen as Despicable M3) is a 2017 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures. It is the third main installment in the "Despicable Me" film series and the sequel to "Despicable Me 2" (2013). The film is directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda, co-directed by Eric Guillon and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. ## Military Medical Business Military Medical Business (Военно Санитарное Дело) was one of the professional medical journals of the Worker's and Peasant's Red Army (RKKA). The journal was published monthly in Moscow. Between 1938-1940, each issue cost 1 ruble and 50 kopecks. A 12-month subscription to the journal for the year 1939 cost 18 rubles. The Moscow publishing house published a total of 33 different professional medical journals for the RKKA in the year 1939. The Leningrad publishing house published five different journals that same year. Four different serials were also published by the Moscow publishing house under the title "Central Medical Abstract Journal". By the end of 1940, the price of a single issue of "Military Medical Business" had increased to 2 rubles. The Moscow publishing house advertised 33 different journals, the Leningrad publishing house advertised 5 journals, and the Kazan publishing house advertised 1 journal for the year 1941. A 12-month subscription to "Military Medical Business" cost 30 rubles in 1941. The Moscow publishing house also advertised four serials under the title "Central Medical Abstract Journal" for the year 1941. ## Despicable Me 2 Despicable Me 2 is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated comedy film and the sequel to the 2010 animated film "Despicable Me". Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures and animated by Illumination Mac Guff, the film was directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud, and written by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. Steve Carell, Russell Brand, Miranda Cosgrove, Elsie Fisher, and Dana Gaier reprise their roles as Gru, Dr. Nefario, Margo, Agnes, and Edith respectively. Kristen Wiig, who played Miss Hattie in the first film, voices agent Lucy Wilde, while Ken Jeong, who played the Talk Show Host, voices Floyd Eagle-san. New cast members include Benjamin Bratt as Eduardo "El Macho" Pérez and Steve Coogan as Silas Ramsbottom, head of the fictional Anti-Villain League (AVL). ## Gaspar Vibal Gaspar A. Vibal is the executive director of Vibal Foundation. As book collector, he pioneered the creation of Filipiniana.net (a "fully featured digital library and research portal") and WikiPilipinas.org, two of the foundation's flagship projects. As a balikbayan from New York City, Gaspar is a scion of a family long-established in the Philippine book publishing and commercial printing industry. His parents are Hilarion Palomer Vibal (1908–1988) and Esther Asuncion. Hilarion was a writer, editor, and publisher. He is known as the co-founder of Vibal Publishing House, Inc., the Philippines' biggest publishing house. He was among the first generations of Filipino writers in English. On April 30, 1950, Hilarion met and married Esther at the time he was recruited by Ramon Roces's associate D.H. Soriano to become the business editor of Evening News. Gaspar's mother Esther, on the other hand, is a writer, publisher, businesswoman, socio-civic worker, lifetime member of the prestigious Girl Scouts of the Philippines and philanthropist. As incumbent president of Vibal Publishing House Inc. (VPHI), she is known internationally as the first Asian and Filipino world president (1983) of Inner Wheel Club, a socio-civic organization formed by wives of Rotary International. She was the founder of Philippine Women's Studies project and Member of the Board of Trustees of UP Center for Women's Studies Foundation, Inc. (UP CWSFI), a commissioner of the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women, and was the president of the National Council of Women of the Philippines (1990). ## Ratatouille (film) Ratatouille ( ; ] ) is a 2007 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar and released by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution. It is the eighth film produced by Pixar and was co-written and directed by Brad Bird, who took over from Jan Pinkava in 2005. The title refers to a French dish, "ratatouille", which is served at the end of the film and is also a play on words about the species of the main character. The film stars the voices of Patton Oswalt as Remy, an anthropomorphic rat who is interested in cooking; Lou Romano as Linguini, a young garbage boy who befriends Remy; Ian Holm as Skinner, the head chef of Auguste Gusteau's restaurant; Janeane Garofalo as Colette, a rôtisseur at Gusteau's restaurant; Peter O'Toole as Anton Ego, a restaurant critic; Brian Dennehy as Django, Remy's father and leader of his clan; Peter Sohn as Emile, Remy's older brother; and Brad Garrett as Auguste Gusteau, a recently deceased chef. The plot follows Remy, who dreams of becoming a chef and tries to achieve his goal by forming an alliance with a Parisian restaurant's garbage boy. Question: What publishing house did the writer of the American computer-animated comedy film that was first foreshadowed in the end credits of "Despicable Me 2", co-create? Answer: ### Response: IDW Publishing

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources is a strategy wherein samples of animal genetic materials are preserved cryogenically. Animal genetic resources, as defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, are "those animal species that are used, or may be used, for the production of food and agriculture, and the populations within each of them. These populations within each species can be classified as wild and feral populations, landraces and primary populations, standardised breeds, selected lines, varieties, strains and any conserved genetic material; all of which are currently categorized as Breeds." Genetic materials that are typically cryogenically preserved include sperm, oocytes, embryos and somatic cells. Cryogenic facilities are called gene banks and can vary greatly in size usually according to the economic resources available. They must be able to facilitate germplasm collection, processing, freezing, and long term storage, all in a hygienic and organized manner. Gene banks must maintain a precise database and make information and genetic resources accessible to properly facilitate cryoconservation. Cryoconservation is an "ex situ" conservation strategy that often coexists alongside "in situ" conservation to protect and preserve livestock genetics. Cryoconservation of livestock genetic resources is primarily done in order to preserve the genetics of populations of interest, such as indigenous breeds, also known as local or minor breeds. Material may be stored because individuals shared specific genes and phenotypes that may be of value or have potential value for researchers or breeders. Therefore, one of the main goals remains preserving the gene pool of local breeds that may be threatened. Indigenous livestock genetics are commonly threatened by factors such as globalization, modernization, changes in production systems, inappropriate introduction of major breeds, genetic drift, inbreeding, crossbreeding, climate change, natural disasters, disease, cultural changes, and urbanization. Indigenous livestock are critical to sustainable agricultural development and food security, due to their: adaptation to environment and endemic diseases, indispensable part in local production systems, social and cultural significance, and importance to local rural economies. The genetic resources of minor breeds have value to the local farmers, consumers of the products, private companies and investors interested in crossbreeding, breed associations, governments, those conducting research and development, and non-governmental organizations. Therefore, efforts have been made by national governments and non-governmental organizations, such as the Livestock Conservancy, to encourage conservation of livestock genetics through cryoconservation, as well as through other "ex situ" and "in situ" strategies. Cryogenic specimens of livestock genetic resources can be preserved and used for extended periods of time. This advantage makes cryoconservation beneficial particularly for threatened breeds who have low breed populations. Cryogenically preserved specimens can be used to revive breeds that are endangered or extinct, for breed improvement, crossbreeding, research and development. However, cryoconservation can be an expensive strategy and requires long term hygienic and economic commitment for germplasms to remain viable. Cryoconservation can also face unique challenges based on the species, as some species have a reduced survival rate of frozen germplasm. ## Weimaraner The Weimaraner ( ) is a large dog that was originally bred for hunting in the early 19th century. Early Weimaraners were used by royalty for hunting large game such as boar, bear, and deer. As the popularity of large game hunting began to decline, Weimaraners were used for hunting smaller animals like fowl, rabbits, and foxes. ## Designer crossbreed A designer crossbreed or designer breed is a crossbred animal that has purebred parents, usually registered with a breed registry, but from two different breeds. These animals are the result of a deliberate decision to create a specific crossbred animal. Less often, the animal may have more than two pure breeds in its ancestry, but unlike a mutt or a mongrel, its entire pedigree is known to descend from specific known animals. While the term is best-known when applied to certain dog crossbreeds, other animals such as cattle, horses, birds and cats may also be bred in this fashion. Some crossbred breeders start a freestanding breed registry to record designer crossbreds, other crossbreds may be included in an "appendix" to an existing purebred registry. either form of registration may be the first step in recording and tracking pedigrees in order to develop a new breed. ## Drentse Patrijshond The Drentsche Patrijshond is a versatile spaniel-type hunting dog from the Dutch province of Drenthe. Called the Dutch Partridge Dog (or "Drent" for Drenthe) in English, approximately 5,000 dogs are registered with the breed club in the Netherlands, and breed clubs operate in Belgium, Denmark, Scandinavia and North America. The Drentsche Patrijshond bears some resemblance to both spaniel and setter types of dog. An excellent pointer and retriever, this dog is often used to hunt fowl and adapts equally well to the field or marshes. ## Tamworth pig The Tamworth is a breed of domestic pig originating in Tamworth, United Kingdom, with input from Irish pigs. It is among the oldest of pig breeds, but as with many older breeds of livestock, it is not well suited to modern production methods and is listed as "Threatened" in the United States and "Vulnerable" in the UK by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, as fewer than 300 registered breeding females remain. This animal is of ginger to red colouration and is thought to have descended from wild boars, via native pig stock of Europe. Principal populations today are in the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States, New Zealand, and Canada. Alternative names for this animal are Sandy Back, and Tam. ## Breed group (dog) A breed group is a categorization of related breeds of animal by an overseer organization, used to organize the showing of animals. In dogs, kennel clubs define the "Breed Groups" and decide which dog breeds are to be included in each breed group. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale breed groups are used to organize dogs for international competition. Breed groups often have the names of, and are loosely based on, ancestral dog types of modern dog breeds. ## List of goat breeds This is a list of goat breeds. There are many recognized breeds of domestic goat "(Capra aegagrus hircus)". Goat breeds (especially dairy goats) are some of the oldest defined animal breeds for which breed standards and production records have been kept. Selective breeding of goats generally focuses on improving production of fiber, meat, dairy products or goatskin. Breeds are generally classified based on their primary use, though there are several breeds which are considered dual- or multi-purpose goats, so there is some crossover between lists. ## Rare breed (agriculture) In modern agriculture, a rare breed is a breed of poultry or livestock that has a very small breeding population, usually from a few hundred to a few thousand. Because of their small numbers, rare breeds may have a threatened conservation status, and they may be protected under regional laws. Many countries have organizations devoted to the protection and promotion of rare breeds, for which they each have their own definition. In botany and horticulture, the parallel to rare animal breeds are heirloom plants, which are rare cultivars. ## Doonies Farm Doonies Rare Breeds Farm, Aberdeen, has one of Scotland's largest collections of rare and endangered farm animal breeds. The farm is nationally recognised as a breeding centre for rare breeds. There are 23 rare animal breeds on the farm. ## Extinct animals from the Isle of Man Some animal species and breeds once existed on the Isle of Man but are now extinct. Some plant species have also been included at the end of this article. There are no known specimens of the following breeds of dog, cattle, pig, horse and sheep. Today only the Manx cat, Manx Loaghtan, Manx robber fly, Isle of Man cabbage and Manx marvel tomato exist as native breeds / types of the Isle of Man. Question: Drentse Patrijshond and Weimaraner are both breeds of what animal? Answer:

dog

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources is a strategy wherein samples of animal genetic materials are preserved cryogenically. Animal genetic resources, as defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, are "those animal species that are used, or may be used, for the production of food and agriculture, and the populations within each of them. These populations within each species can be classified as wild and feral populations, landraces and primary populations, standardised breeds, selected lines, varieties, strains and any conserved genetic material; all of which are currently categorized as Breeds." Genetic materials that are typically cryogenically preserved include sperm, oocytes, embryos and somatic cells. Cryogenic facilities are called gene banks and can vary greatly in size usually according to the economic resources available. They must be able to facilitate germplasm collection, processing, freezing, and long term storage, all in a hygienic and organized manner. Gene banks must maintain a precise database and make information and genetic resources accessible to properly facilitate cryoconservation. Cryoconservation is an "ex situ" conservation strategy that often coexists alongside "in situ" conservation to protect and preserve livestock genetics. Cryoconservation of livestock genetic resources is primarily done in order to preserve the genetics of populations of interest, such as indigenous breeds, also known as local or minor breeds. Material may be stored because individuals shared specific genes and phenotypes that may be of value or have potential value for researchers or breeders. Therefore, one of the main goals remains preserving the gene pool of local breeds that may be threatened. Indigenous livestock genetics are commonly threatened by factors such as globalization, modernization, changes in production systems, inappropriate introduction of major breeds, genetic drift, inbreeding, crossbreeding, climate change, natural disasters, disease, cultural changes, and urbanization. Indigenous livestock are critical to sustainable agricultural development and food security, due to their: adaptation to environment and endemic diseases, indispensable part in local production systems, social and cultural significance, and importance to local rural economies. The genetic resources of minor breeds have value to the local farmers, consumers of the products, private companies and investors interested in crossbreeding, breed associations, governments, those conducting research and development, and non-governmental organizations. Therefore, efforts have been made by national governments and non-governmental organizations, such as the Livestock Conservancy, to encourage conservation of livestock genetics through cryoconservation, as well as through other "ex situ" and "in situ" strategies. Cryogenic specimens of livestock genetic resources can be preserved and used for extended periods of time. This advantage makes cryoconservation beneficial particularly for threatened breeds who have low breed populations. Cryogenically preserved specimens can be used to revive breeds that are endangered or extinct, for breed improvement, crossbreeding, research and development. However, cryoconservation can be an expensive strategy and requires long term hygienic and economic commitment for germplasms to remain viable. Cryoconservation can also face unique challenges based on the species, as some species have a reduced survival rate of frozen germplasm. ## Weimaraner The Weimaraner ( ) is a large dog that was originally bred for hunting in the early 19th century. Early Weimaraners were used by royalty for hunting large game such as boar, bear, and deer. As the popularity of large game hunting began to decline, Weimaraners were used for hunting smaller animals like fowl, rabbits, and foxes. ## Designer crossbreed A designer crossbreed or designer breed is a crossbred animal that has purebred parents, usually registered with a breed registry, but from two different breeds. These animals are the result of a deliberate decision to create a specific crossbred animal. Less often, the animal may have more than two pure breeds in its ancestry, but unlike a mutt or a mongrel, its entire pedigree is known to descend from specific known animals. While the term is best-known when applied to certain dog crossbreeds, other animals such as cattle, horses, birds and cats may also be bred in this fashion. Some crossbred breeders start a freestanding breed registry to record designer crossbreds, other crossbreds may be included in an "appendix" to an existing purebred registry. either form of registration may be the first step in recording and tracking pedigrees in order to develop a new breed. ## Drentse Patrijshond The Drentsche Patrijshond is a versatile spaniel-type hunting dog from the Dutch province of Drenthe. Called the Dutch Partridge Dog (or "Drent" for Drenthe) in English, approximately 5,000 dogs are registered with the breed club in the Netherlands, and breed clubs operate in Belgium, Denmark, Scandinavia and North America. The Drentsche Patrijshond bears some resemblance to both spaniel and setter types of dog. An excellent pointer and retriever, this dog is often used to hunt fowl and adapts equally well to the field or marshes. ## Tamworth pig The Tamworth is a breed of domestic pig originating in Tamworth, United Kingdom, with input from Irish pigs. It is among the oldest of pig breeds, but as with many older breeds of livestock, it is not well suited to modern production methods and is listed as "Threatened" in the United States and "Vulnerable" in the UK by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, as fewer than 300 registered breeding females remain. This animal is of ginger to red colouration and is thought to have descended from wild boars, via native pig stock of Europe. Principal populations today are in the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States, New Zealand, and Canada. Alternative names for this animal are Sandy Back, and Tam. ## Breed group (dog) A breed group is a categorization of related breeds of animal by an overseer organization, used to organize the showing of animals. In dogs, kennel clubs define the "Breed Groups" and decide which dog breeds are to be included in each breed group. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale breed groups are used to organize dogs for international competition. Breed groups often have the names of, and are loosely based on, ancestral dog types of modern dog breeds. ## List of goat breeds This is a list of goat breeds. There are many recognized breeds of domestic goat "(Capra aegagrus hircus)". Goat breeds (especially dairy goats) are some of the oldest defined animal breeds for which breed standards and production records have been kept. Selective breeding of goats generally focuses on improving production of fiber, meat, dairy products or goatskin. Breeds are generally classified based on their primary use, though there are several breeds which are considered dual- or multi-purpose goats, so there is some crossover between lists. ## Rare breed (agriculture) In modern agriculture, a rare breed is a breed of poultry or livestock that has a very small breeding population, usually from a few hundred to a few thousand. Because of their small numbers, rare breeds may have a threatened conservation status, and they may be protected under regional laws. Many countries have organizations devoted to the protection and promotion of rare breeds, for which they each have their own definition. In botany and horticulture, the parallel to rare animal breeds are heirloom plants, which are rare cultivars. ## Doonies Farm Doonies Rare Breeds Farm, Aberdeen, has one of Scotland's largest collections of rare and endangered farm animal breeds. The farm is nationally recognised as a breeding centre for rare breeds. There are 23 rare animal breeds on the farm. ## Extinct animals from the Isle of Man Some animal species and breeds once existed on the Isle of Man but are now extinct. Some plant species have also been included at the end of this article. There are no known specimens of the following breeds of dog, cattle, pig, horse and sheep. Today only the Manx cat, Manx Loaghtan, Manx robber fly, Isle of Man cabbage and Manx marvel tomato exist as native breeds / types of the Isle of Man. Question: Drentse Patrijshond and Weimaraner are both breeds of what animal? Answer: ### Response: dog

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Child Workers in Nepal Child Workers in Nepal (CWIN) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) working as an advocate for children's rights, and supporting child labourers, street children, children being exploited sexually, and child victims of violence. Its objective is to protect the rights of children in Nepal. It was established in 1987, when an informal group of students at Tribhuvan University, taking a lead from Child Workers in Asia (CWA), investigated the conditions of street children in Kathmandu. As a watchdog in the field of child rights in Nepal, CWIN acts as a voice for disadvantaged and exploited children, through lobbying, campaigning and pressuring the government to protect and promote children's rights, and to end exploitation, abuse and discrimination against children. ## Multi-male group Multi-male groups, also known as multi-male/multi-female, are a type of social organization where the group contains more than one adult male, more than one adult female, and offspring. Within Order Primates, it is the most common social group type, with group sizes ranging from 10 to 100 individuals. Large groups of primates are called "troops." Examples of species that can be categorized under this type of social organization include many diurnal lemurs, langurs, and most members of the family Cebidae. ## Human trafficking in the Republic of the Congo The Republic of the Congo (ROC) is a destination and transit country for children subjected to trafficking in persons for the purposes of forced labor and forced prostitution. Most sources agree that up to 80 percent of all trafficked children originate from Benin, with girls comprising 90 percent of that group. Togo, Mali, Guinea, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Senegal are also sources of victims found in the Congolese republic. Internally trafficked children represent 10 percent of all child victims, the majority of which originate from the Pool region. Many child victims are subjected to forced labor, including in domestic work, market vending and fishing; girls are also exploited in the sex trade. Child victims generally experience harsh treatment, long work hours, and almost no access to education or health services; they receive little or no remuneration for their work. Other village children, however, live voluntarily with extended relatives in cities, attend school, and do housework in exchange for food, in a traditional cultural and familial pattern that does not entail abuse. ## Human trafficking in Barbados Barbados is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced prostitution and forced labor. Some children in Barbados are subjected to commercial sexual exploitation in “transactional sex” wherein a third party such as a parent receives a benefit from the child’s participation in sexual activity. Researchers identified patterns of transactional sex within families, most often by adult male caretakers such as step-fathers, as well as child prostitution outside the home. Women from the Dominican Republic, Guyana, and Jamaica voluntarily enter Barbados as illegal migrants, and some expect to engage in prostitution. Some of these women are exploited in forced prostitution subsequent to their arrival. Some other foreign women who entered the country illegally are exploited in involuntary domestic servitude in private homes. Foreign men have been transported to Barbados for the purpose of labor exploitation in construction and other sectors. Sex traffickers, primarily organized criminals from Guyana, form partnerships with pimps and brothel owners from Trinidad and Tobago and Barbados, and lure women to Barbados with offers of legitimate work. Trafficking victims tend to enter the country through legal means, usually by air; traffickers later use force and coercion to obtain and maintain the victims’ work in strip clubs, massage parlors, some private residences, and “entertainment clubs” which operate as brothels. Traffickers use methods such as threats of physical harm or deportation, debt bondage, false contracts, psychological abuse, and confinement to force victims to work in construction, the garment industry, agriculture, or private households. ## Human trafficking in Cameroon Cameroon is a country of origin, transit, and destination for children subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced labor, and a country of origin for women in forced labor. Individual trafficking operations usually involve the trafficking of two or three children at most, as when rural parents hand over their children to a seemingly benevolent middleman who may promise education and a better life in the city. A 2007 study conducted by the Cameroon government reported that 2.4 million children from the country’s ten regions involuntarily work in forced domestic servitude, street vending, and child prostitution, or in hazardous settings, including mines and tea or cocoa plantations, where they are treated as adult laborers; an unknown number of these children are trafficking victims. Nigerian and Beninese children attempting to transit Cameroon en route to Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, or adjacent countries also fall into the hands of traffickers who force them to stay in the country and work. An unknown number of Cameroonian women are lured abroad by fraudulent proposals of marriage on the Internet or offers of work in domestic service and subsequently become victims of forced labor or forced prostitution – principally in Switzerland and France, and according to recent reports, as far away as Russia. This trafficking reportedly is facilitated by corrupt officials who accept bribes for the issuance of travel documents. ## Mihail Chemiakin Mihail Mikhailovich Chemiakin (Russian: Михаи́л Михайлович Шемя́кин , Mikhail Shemyakin, or Mikhail Shemiakin, born 4 May 1943, Moscow) is a Russian painter, stage designer, sculptor and publisher, and a controversial representative of the nonconformist art tradition of St. Petersburg. ## Bullying in teaching School teachers are commonly the subject of bullying but they are also sometimes the originators of bullying within a school environment. When an adult bullies a child, it is referred to as psychological, emotional, or verbal abuse. According to the American Psychological Association, it is as harmful to children as sexual or physical abuse. "Children who are emotionally abused and neglected face similar and sometimes worse mental health problems as children who are physically or sexually abused, yet psychological abuse is rarely addressed in prevention programs or in treating victims, according to a new study published by the American Psychological Association." ## Victims' rights group A victims' rights group is a type of advocacy group which advocates or lobbies for legal, social or political change on behalf of victims of serious crime or injustice. Members of such groups often include family members or friends of such victims. ## Children Are the Victims of Adult Vices Children Are the Victims of Adult Vices is a group of bronze sculptures created by Russian artist Mihail Chemiakin. The sculptures are located in a park in Bolotnaya Square, Balchug, 2000 ft south of the Moscow Kremlin behind the British Ambassador's residence. ## Human trafficking in Fiji Fiji is a source country for children subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced prostitution within the country, as well as a destination country for women from China in forced prostitution. Family members, other Fijian citizens, foreign tourists, and sailors on foreign fishing vessels participate in the commercial sexual exploitation of Fijian children. Staff at smaller, local hotels procure underage girls and boys for commercial sexual exploitation by foreign guests, while taxi drivers, nightclub employees, and relatives frequently act as prostitution facilitators. NGOs report caring for child victims of prostitution who claim facilitators took them to private boats anchored offshore near Fiji where they were sexually abused or raped by foreign adult men. Reports indicate that some transnational traffickers are members of Chinese organized crime groups that recruit women from China and arrange for them to enter Fiji on tourist or student visas. After their arrival, brothel owners confiscate their passports and force the women to engage in prostitution. Some Fijian children whose families follow a traditional practice of sending children to live with and do light work for relatives or families living in cities or near schools become trafficking victims. These children are subjected to involuntary domestic servitude or are coerced to engage in sexual activity in exchange for food, clothing, shelter, or school fees. Question: Children Are the Victims of Adult Vices is a group of what type of sculptures by Milhail Chemiakin? Answer:

bronze sculptures

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Child Workers in Nepal Child Workers in Nepal (CWIN) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) working as an advocate for children's rights, and supporting child labourers, street children, children being exploited sexually, and child victims of violence. Its objective is to protect the rights of children in Nepal. It was established in 1987, when an informal group of students at Tribhuvan University, taking a lead from Child Workers in Asia (CWA), investigated the conditions of street children in Kathmandu. As a watchdog in the field of child rights in Nepal, CWIN acts as a voice for disadvantaged and exploited children, through lobbying, campaigning and pressuring the government to protect and promote children's rights, and to end exploitation, abuse and discrimination against children. ## Multi-male group Multi-male groups, also known as multi-male/multi-female, are a type of social organization where the group contains more than one adult male, more than one adult female, and offspring. Within Order Primates, it is the most common social group type, with group sizes ranging from 10 to 100 individuals. Large groups of primates are called "troops." Examples of species that can be categorized under this type of social organization include many diurnal lemurs, langurs, and most members of the family Cebidae. ## Human trafficking in the Republic of the Congo The Republic of the Congo (ROC) is a destination and transit country for children subjected to trafficking in persons for the purposes of forced labor and forced prostitution. Most sources agree that up to 80 percent of all trafficked children originate from Benin, with girls comprising 90 percent of that group. Togo, Mali, Guinea, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Senegal are also sources of victims found in the Congolese republic. Internally trafficked children represent 10 percent of all child victims, the majority of which originate from the Pool region. Many child victims are subjected to forced labor, including in domestic work, market vending and fishing; girls are also exploited in the sex trade. Child victims generally experience harsh treatment, long work hours, and almost no access to education or health services; they receive little or no remuneration for their work. Other village children, however, live voluntarily with extended relatives in cities, attend school, and do housework in exchange for food, in a traditional cultural and familial pattern that does not entail abuse. ## Human trafficking in Barbados Barbados is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced prostitution and forced labor. Some children in Barbados are subjected to commercial sexual exploitation in “transactional sex” wherein a third party such as a parent receives a benefit from the child’s participation in sexual activity. Researchers identified patterns of transactional sex within families, most often by adult male caretakers such as step-fathers, as well as child prostitution outside the home. Women from the Dominican Republic, Guyana, and Jamaica voluntarily enter Barbados as illegal migrants, and some expect to engage in prostitution. Some of these women are exploited in forced prostitution subsequent to their arrival. Some other foreign women who entered the country illegally are exploited in involuntary domestic servitude in private homes. Foreign men have been transported to Barbados for the purpose of labor exploitation in construction and other sectors. Sex traffickers, primarily organized criminals from Guyana, form partnerships with pimps and brothel owners from Trinidad and Tobago and Barbados, and lure women to Barbados with offers of legitimate work. Trafficking victims tend to enter the country through legal means, usually by air; traffickers later use force and coercion to obtain and maintain the victims’ work in strip clubs, massage parlors, some private residences, and “entertainment clubs” which operate as brothels. Traffickers use methods such as threats of physical harm or deportation, debt bondage, false contracts, psychological abuse, and confinement to force victims to work in construction, the garment industry, agriculture, or private households. ## Human trafficking in Cameroon Cameroon is a country of origin, transit, and destination for children subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced labor, and a country of origin for women in forced labor. Individual trafficking operations usually involve the trafficking of two or three children at most, as when rural parents hand over their children to a seemingly benevolent middleman who may promise education and a better life in the city. A 2007 study conducted by the Cameroon government reported that 2.4 million children from the country’s ten regions involuntarily work in forced domestic servitude, street vending, and child prostitution, or in hazardous settings, including mines and tea or cocoa plantations, where they are treated as adult laborers; an unknown number of these children are trafficking victims. Nigerian and Beninese children attempting to transit Cameroon en route to Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, or adjacent countries also fall into the hands of traffickers who force them to stay in the country and work. An unknown number of Cameroonian women are lured abroad by fraudulent proposals of marriage on the Internet or offers of work in domestic service and subsequently become victims of forced labor or forced prostitution – principally in Switzerland and France, and according to recent reports, as far away as Russia. This trafficking reportedly is facilitated by corrupt officials who accept bribes for the issuance of travel documents. ## Mihail Chemiakin Mihail Mikhailovich Chemiakin (Russian: Михаи́л Михайлович Шемя́кин , Mikhail Shemyakin, or Mikhail Shemiakin, born 4 May 1943, Moscow) is a Russian painter, stage designer, sculptor and publisher, and a controversial representative of the nonconformist art tradition of St. Petersburg. ## Bullying in teaching School teachers are commonly the subject of bullying but they are also sometimes the originators of bullying within a school environment. When an adult bullies a child, it is referred to as psychological, emotional, or verbal abuse. According to the American Psychological Association, it is as harmful to children as sexual or physical abuse. "Children who are emotionally abused and neglected face similar and sometimes worse mental health problems as children who are physically or sexually abused, yet psychological abuse is rarely addressed in prevention programs or in treating victims, according to a new study published by the American Psychological Association." ## Victims' rights group A victims' rights group is a type of advocacy group which advocates or lobbies for legal, social or political change on behalf of victims of serious crime or injustice. Members of such groups often include family members or friends of such victims. ## Children Are the Victims of Adult Vices Children Are the Victims of Adult Vices is a group of bronze sculptures created by Russian artist Mihail Chemiakin. The sculptures are located in a park in Bolotnaya Square, Balchug, 2000 ft south of the Moscow Kremlin behind the British Ambassador's residence. ## Human trafficking in Fiji Fiji is a source country for children subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced prostitution within the country, as well as a destination country for women from China in forced prostitution. Family members, other Fijian citizens, foreign tourists, and sailors on foreign fishing vessels participate in the commercial sexual exploitation of Fijian children. Staff at smaller, local hotels procure underage girls and boys for commercial sexual exploitation by foreign guests, while taxi drivers, nightclub employees, and relatives frequently act as prostitution facilitators. NGOs report caring for child victims of prostitution who claim facilitators took them to private boats anchored offshore near Fiji where they were sexually abused or raped by foreign adult men. Reports indicate that some transnational traffickers are members of Chinese organized crime groups that recruit women from China and arrange for them to enter Fiji on tourist or student visas. After their arrival, brothel owners confiscate their passports and force the women to engage in prostitution. Some Fijian children whose families follow a traditional practice of sending children to live with and do light work for relatives or families living in cities or near schools become trafficking victims. These children are subjected to involuntary domestic servitude or are coerced to engage in sexual activity in exchange for food, clothing, shelter, or school fees. Question: Children Are the Victims of Adult Vices is a group of what type of sculptures by Milhail Chemiakin? Answer: ### Response: bronze sculptures

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## V6 ESL engine The V6 ESL engine is a V6 engine used in automotive applications. It was co-developed by the PSA Group (Peugeot and Citroën) and Renault to replace the outdated V6 PRV engine. It was introduced in 1997 with the Peugeot 406 Coupé. It is designed and manufactured by the company "Française de Mécanique" for PSA and Renault. In PSA, the engine is known as the ES engine, in Renaults, the engine is known as the L engine. ## EcoDiesel EcoDiesel is an engine used in the Ram 1500 since 2014, as well as in the Jeep Grand Cherokee. Approximately 20% of 2015 RAM 1500s are equipped with the engine, mostly ones sold in Europe. FCA uses the EcoDiesel name for two different engines. One is the VM Motori A 630 DOHC 3.0L engine used in the Grand Cherokee, and Ram. The other is a Fiat 3.0L diesel used in the Ram ProMaster. ## Rinspeed Mono Ego To celebrate 20 years of Rinspeed, Frank Rinderknecht created the 1997 Rinspeed Mono Ego. The French fashion designer Jean-Charles de Castelbajac was involved in its design. It was shown at the Geneva Motor show. Its Aluminium V8 engine, from Korean manufacturer Hyundai, has an output of 410 bhp . ## Jaguar AJ-V8 engine The Jaguar AJ-8 is a compact DOHC V8 piston engine used in many Jaguar vehicles. It was the fourth new engine type in the history of the company. In 1997 it replaced both designs previously available on Jaguar cars: the straight-6 Jaguar AJ6 engine (or rather its AJ16 variant), and the Jaguar V12 engine. It remained the only engine type available on Jaguar until 1999 with the launch of the S-Type, when the Jaguar AJ-V6 engine was added to the list. The AJ-V8 is available in displacements ranging from 3.2 L to 5.0 L, and a supercharged version is also produced. Ford Motor Company used this small V8 in other products as well, including the Lincoln LS the 2002-2005 Ford Thunderbird as well as in several Land Rovers and the Aston Martin V8 Vantage. ## HG-3 (rocket engine) The HG-3 was a liquid-fuel cryogenic rocket engine which was designed for use on the upper stages of Saturn rockets in the post-Apollo era. Designed in the United States by Rocketdyne, the HG-3 was to have burned cryogenic liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants, with each engine producing 1400.7 kN of thrust during flight. The engine was designed to produce a specific impulse ("I") of 451 seconds in a vacuum, or 280 seconds at sea level. Developed from Rocketdyne's J-2 engine used on the S-II and S-IVB stages, the engine was intended to replace the J-2 on the upgraded S-II-2 and S-IVB-2 stages intended for use on the Saturn MLV, Saturn IB-B and Saturn V/4-260 rockets, with a sea-level optimised version, the HG-3-SL, intended for use on the Saturn INT-17. The engine was cancelled, however, during the post-Apollo drawdown when development of the more advanced Saturn rockets ceased, and never flew, although the engine was later used as the basis for the design of the RS-25 Space Shuttle main engine. ## Honda Rafaga The Honda Rafaga series CE4 and CE5 was a compact 4-door sedan sold only in Japan by Honda, introduced in January 1993, and used the same 5-cylinder engine that was used in the Honda Inspire and the Honda Vigor and shared a platform with the second generation CE series Honda Ascot. "Rafaga" is Spanish for "gust" or "blustery". The engine is installed longitudinally, the same configuration used in the Vigor and Inspire. The Rafaga was third in Hondas hierarchy of sedans, and a sister car to the Ascot, which was sold at the "Honda Primo" dealership network. The Rafaga was sold in Japan at "Honda Verno" dealerships, and was one level up from the Honda Integra. As with other Honda products, the Rafaga used double wishbone suspension at the front and rear wheels. The "2.5 S" trim level came with a front suspension upper strut brace in the engine compartment. In Japan, the smaller G20A engine used regular grade fuel, while the larger G25A engine used premium grade fuel. ## River Don Engine The River Don Engine is a 1905-built steam engine used for hot rolling steel armour plate. It is a 3-cylinder simple engine of 40 in diameter, 48 in stroke. At its operating steam pressure of 160psi, it developed 12000 hp , and was able to reverse from full speed in 2 seconds. The rapid reverse was an essential feature of an engine used for rolling, as delays would result in cooling of the workpiece. This engine was one of four built to the same design, one going overseas to the Japanese Government, one to John Brown's Atlas plant, and the destination of the final one being William Beardmore of Glasgow. It is claimed to be one of the most powerful steam engines ever built, and the most powerful remaining in Europe. ## Crespi (automobile) Crespi Automotive (1962 - 1976) of Buenos Aires was an Argentinian auto manufacturer, founded by Tulio Crespi, a former racing driver. Crespi was the first "modern" Argentinian sports car manufacturer. Their most famous model, the Tulieta GT, came into production in 1977. It was lightweight and unique, but not very fast. The engine was not reliable either, a 1397cc or 85 cubic inch engine made by Renault. It was the same engine used in the 1976 R5 Alpine/Gordini, which produced 93 horsepower. The C6J Turbo engine was in a couple models. That same year, 1977, Crespi ended production of the Tulieta GT, of which there are only a few left in existence. Their logo is available online. and this is the Tulieta GT. ## Detroit Diesel Series 51 The Detroit Diesel Series 51 was a two-stroke diesel engine built by General Motors, Detroit Diesel Division from 1951 to 1959. Unlike other GM/Detroit Diesel engines, the 51 series designation did not refer to the cylinder displacement, but rather to the year it was introduced. Two versions were produced, an inline two-cylinder (2-51, 108 cid ) and an inline four-cylinder model (4-51, 216 cid ). This was accomplished by using loop scavenging ports for both intake and exhaust along with a mechanical blower. This engine used a dry sleeve with 9 intake ports and three exhaust ports in that sleeve. These sleeves were located in such a way that the exhaust ports lined up with exhaust ports in the block that were physically higher than the intake ports in the block. This resulted in pressurized cool air being forced through the intake ports just after the exhaust started exiting (note that the exhaust ports in the sleeves were higher at the top than the intake ports while the bottom of all ports in the sleeve are at the same height. The net compression ratio is 18:1. Unlike a two cycle gasoline engine, the crankcase was not used to draw in the fuel/air mixture. Instead, the blower forced air in the intake ports and fuel was injected by a camshaft actuated injector which was pressurized by a gear pump. As fuel is injected just before top dead center, little unburned fuel is expelled in the exhaust, unlike a two-cycle gasoline engine. The elimination of exhaust valves reduced the complexity and weight of the engine. The power output and RPM of this engine was controlled by governing the intake air and controlling the opening of the injectors with shutdown accomplished by completely closing off the air intake. The much lower weight of this engine compared to engines with valves made it quite suitable for applications where other engines of the same horsepower were not feasible. Its uses include: Marine propulsion, generators, pumps, air compressors, road graders and other industrial uses. It was never factory installed for automotive purposes but conversion kits and engines were made available for automotive use. This engine design did not see widespread use due to not being able to reduce the exhaust noise to an acceptable level, as any exhaust restriction would have resulted in a reduction of power and efficiency. It was a very fuel efficient engine with a high power output to fuel consumption ratio. ## Hyundai Hyundai Group (Hangul: ; Hanja: , ] ) is a multinational chaebol (conglomerate) headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It was founded by Chung Ju-yung in 1947 as a construction firm and Chung was directly in control of the company until his death in 2001. Question: In which city is the headquarters of the manufacturer of the engine used in the 1997 Rinspeed Mono Ego? Answer:

Seoul

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## V6 ESL engine The V6 ESL engine is a V6 engine used in automotive applications. It was co-developed by the PSA Group (Peugeot and Citroën) and Renault to replace the outdated V6 PRV engine. It was introduced in 1997 with the Peugeot 406 Coupé. It is designed and manufactured by the company "Française de Mécanique" for PSA and Renault. In PSA, the engine is known as the ES engine, in Renaults, the engine is known as the L engine. ## EcoDiesel EcoDiesel is an engine used in the Ram 1500 since 2014, as well as in the Jeep Grand Cherokee. Approximately 20% of 2015 RAM 1500s are equipped with the engine, mostly ones sold in Europe. FCA uses the EcoDiesel name for two different engines. One is the VM Motori A 630 DOHC 3.0L engine used in the Grand Cherokee, and Ram. The other is a Fiat 3.0L diesel used in the Ram ProMaster. ## Rinspeed Mono Ego To celebrate 20 years of Rinspeed, Frank Rinderknecht created the 1997 Rinspeed Mono Ego. The French fashion designer Jean-Charles de Castelbajac was involved in its design. It was shown at the Geneva Motor show. Its Aluminium V8 engine, from Korean manufacturer Hyundai, has an output of 410 bhp . ## Jaguar AJ-V8 engine The Jaguar AJ-8 is a compact DOHC V8 piston engine used in many Jaguar vehicles. It was the fourth new engine type in the history of the company. In 1997 it replaced both designs previously available on Jaguar cars: the straight-6 Jaguar AJ6 engine (or rather its AJ16 variant), and the Jaguar V12 engine. It remained the only engine type available on Jaguar until 1999 with the launch of the S-Type, when the Jaguar AJ-V6 engine was added to the list. The AJ-V8 is available in displacements ranging from 3.2 L to 5.0 L, and a supercharged version is also produced. Ford Motor Company used this small V8 in other products as well, including the Lincoln LS the 2002-2005 Ford Thunderbird as well as in several Land Rovers and the Aston Martin V8 Vantage. ## HG-3 (rocket engine) The HG-3 was a liquid-fuel cryogenic rocket engine which was designed for use on the upper stages of Saturn rockets in the post-Apollo era. Designed in the United States by Rocketdyne, the HG-3 was to have burned cryogenic liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants, with each engine producing 1400.7 kN of thrust during flight. The engine was designed to produce a specific impulse ("I") of 451 seconds in a vacuum, or 280 seconds at sea level. Developed from Rocketdyne's J-2 engine used on the S-II and S-IVB stages, the engine was intended to replace the J-2 on the upgraded S-II-2 and S-IVB-2 stages intended for use on the Saturn MLV, Saturn IB-B and Saturn V/4-260 rockets, with a sea-level optimised version, the HG-3-SL, intended for use on the Saturn INT-17. The engine was cancelled, however, during the post-Apollo drawdown when development of the more advanced Saturn rockets ceased, and never flew, although the engine was later used as the basis for the design of the RS-25 Space Shuttle main engine. ## Honda Rafaga The Honda Rafaga series CE4 and CE5 was a compact 4-door sedan sold only in Japan by Honda, introduced in January 1993, and used the same 5-cylinder engine that was used in the Honda Inspire and the Honda Vigor and shared a platform with the second generation CE series Honda Ascot. "Rafaga" is Spanish for "gust" or "blustery". The engine is installed longitudinally, the same configuration used in the Vigor and Inspire. The Rafaga was third in Hondas hierarchy of sedans, and a sister car to the Ascot, which was sold at the "Honda Primo" dealership network. The Rafaga was sold in Japan at "Honda Verno" dealerships, and was one level up from the Honda Integra. As with other Honda products, the Rafaga used double wishbone suspension at the front and rear wheels. The "2.5 S" trim level came with a front suspension upper strut brace in the engine compartment. In Japan, the smaller G20A engine used regular grade fuel, while the larger G25A engine used premium grade fuel. ## River Don Engine The River Don Engine is a 1905-built steam engine used for hot rolling steel armour plate. It is a 3-cylinder simple engine of 40 in diameter, 48 in stroke. At its operating steam pressure of 160psi, it developed 12000 hp , and was able to reverse from full speed in 2 seconds. The rapid reverse was an essential feature of an engine used for rolling, as delays would result in cooling of the workpiece. This engine was one of four built to the same design, one going overseas to the Japanese Government, one to John Brown's Atlas plant, and the destination of the final one being William Beardmore of Glasgow. It is claimed to be one of the most powerful steam engines ever built, and the most powerful remaining in Europe. ## Crespi (automobile) Crespi Automotive (1962 - 1976) of Buenos Aires was an Argentinian auto manufacturer, founded by Tulio Crespi, a former racing driver. Crespi was the first "modern" Argentinian sports car manufacturer. Their most famous model, the Tulieta GT, came into production in 1977. It was lightweight and unique, but not very fast. The engine was not reliable either, a 1397cc or 85 cubic inch engine made by Renault. It was the same engine used in the 1976 R5 Alpine/Gordini, which produced 93 horsepower. The C6J Turbo engine was in a couple models. That same year, 1977, Crespi ended production of the Tulieta GT, of which there are only a few left in existence. Their logo is available online. and this is the Tulieta GT. ## Detroit Diesel Series 51 The Detroit Diesel Series 51 was a two-stroke diesel engine built by General Motors, Detroit Diesel Division from 1951 to 1959. Unlike other GM/Detroit Diesel engines, the 51 series designation did not refer to the cylinder displacement, but rather to the year it was introduced. Two versions were produced, an inline two-cylinder (2-51, 108 cid ) and an inline four-cylinder model (4-51, 216 cid ). This was accomplished by using loop scavenging ports for both intake and exhaust along with a mechanical blower. This engine used a dry sleeve with 9 intake ports and three exhaust ports in that sleeve. These sleeves were located in such a way that the exhaust ports lined up with exhaust ports in the block that were physically higher than the intake ports in the block. This resulted in pressurized cool air being forced through the intake ports just after the exhaust started exiting (note that the exhaust ports in the sleeves were higher at the top than the intake ports while the bottom of all ports in the sleeve are at the same height. The net compression ratio is 18:1. Unlike a two cycle gasoline engine, the crankcase was not used to draw in the fuel/air mixture. Instead, the blower forced air in the intake ports and fuel was injected by a camshaft actuated injector which was pressurized by a gear pump. As fuel is injected just before top dead center, little unburned fuel is expelled in the exhaust, unlike a two-cycle gasoline engine. The elimination of exhaust valves reduced the complexity and weight of the engine. The power output and RPM of this engine was controlled by governing the intake air and controlling the opening of the injectors with shutdown accomplished by completely closing off the air intake. The much lower weight of this engine compared to engines with valves made it quite suitable for applications where other engines of the same horsepower were not feasible. Its uses include: Marine propulsion, generators, pumps, air compressors, road graders and other industrial uses. It was never factory installed for automotive purposes but conversion kits and engines were made available for automotive use. This engine design did not see widespread use due to not being able to reduce the exhaust noise to an acceptable level, as any exhaust restriction would have resulted in a reduction of power and efficiency. It was a very fuel efficient engine with a high power output to fuel consumption ratio. ## Hyundai Hyundai Group (Hangul: ; Hanja: , ] ) is a multinational chaebol (conglomerate) headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It was founded by Chung Ju-yung in 1947 as a construction firm and Chung was directly in control of the company until his death in 2001. Question: In which city is the headquarters of the manufacturer of the engine used in the 1997 Rinspeed Mono Ego? Answer: ### Response: Seoul

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Price Chopper (supermarket) Price Chopper is a group of four separate family-owned chains of grocery stores formed in 1979 in the Kansas City and Des Moines metropolitan areas that share a common brand name and unified marketing campaigns. The owners are the Ball, Cosentino, McKeever, and Queen families in Kansas City and DGS Foods in Des Moines. All ownership groups are members of Associated Wholesale Grocers (AWG), which allows Price Chopper to have the buying power of large chains and to share marketing costs. The five ownership groups own and operate 55 stores across Kansas, Missouri, and Iowa. Slogans for the chain include "Just Right" and "Fresher Ways to Save". Price Chopper is the number one grocery store chain in the Kansas City metropolitan area in terms of both sales and number of stores. Its biggest competitor in both Kansas City and Des Moines is Hy-Vee. ## Festival Foods Festival Foods is a privately owned company operating stores throughout Wisconsin. It was founded as Skogen’s IGA by Paul and Jane Skogen in 1946 in Onalaska, Wisconsin, and is still owned by the Skogen family. Festival's private label brands are supplied by SuperValu, with the majority under their Essential Everyday label. ## Ruiz Foods Ruiz Foods is an American food production and service company based in Dinuba, California founded in 1964. As of April 2010, it was the top seller of frozen Mexican dishes in the US. Under the brand names of El Monterey and Tornados it produces around 200 frozen Mexican foods for grocery stores throughout the US. These foods include burritos, taquitos, enchiladas, and tamales. Ruiz Foods' main 300,000 sq. ft. manufacturing facility meets the needs of the Eastern and Midwestern US with two more facilities in Texas. ## IGA (supermarkets) IGA is a U.S. brand of grocery stores that operates in more than 30 countries. Unlike the chain store business model, IGA operates as a franchise through stores that are owned separately from the brand. Many of these stores operate in small town markets and belong to families that manage them. It was founded in the United States as the Independent Grocers Alliance. The headquarters is in Chicago, Illinois. IPA is also owned by IGA in Ontario Canada. ## Health food store A health food store is a type of grocery store that primarily sells health foods, organic foods, local produce, and often nutritional supplements. Health food stores typically offer a wider or more specialized selection of foods than conventional grocery stores for their customers, for example athletes and bodybuilders, people with special dietary needs, such as people who are allergic to the gluten in wheat or some other substance, or have diabetes mellitus, and for people who observe vegetarian, vegan, raw food, organic, or other alternative diets. ## Colonial Stores Colonial Stores were chain grocery stores once found throughout the South. Most were transformed to Big Star Markets in the 1970s (later Harris Teeter and The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company). The chain evolved from Norfolk, Virginia's D.P. Pender grocery stores, and were known for a rooster logo. It is one of a handful of regional grocery chains based in Norfolk, including Giant Open Air and Be-Lo Food Stores. ## Festival Foods (Minnesota) Festival Foods is a family owned grocery store chain based in Minnesota (not to be confused with the Wisconsin store chain) and operates six stores in the Twin Cities. Festival Foods is owned and operated by sisters, Marie Aarthun and Lauri Youngquist. Their stores are located in Andover, Bloomington, Brooklyn Park, Hugo, Lexington and White Bear Lake. The stores in Andover and Hugo feature Dunn Bros in-store coffee houses that roast their beans fresh on-site. The chain also contains other special in-store offerings, such as a full selection liquor store in Hugo and a café at the Bloomington Location. Festival Foods stores were previously located in Vadnais Heights and Virginia, Minnesota. ## Western Family Foods Western Family Foods was founded as the Pacific Mercantile Cooperative on March 3, 1934, by a group of retailer-owned grocery wholesalers. Western Family Foods was established December 19, 1963. The company supplies independent grocery stores with store brands. It is based in Tigard, Oregon. It distributes the Western Family, Shurfine, Shursaving, MarketChoice and Better Buy brands which are used in many independently owned supermarkets. On June 13, 2016 Western Family Foods announced that they had been acquired by Topco and plans to close their Tigard office by the end of 2016. ## Petrini's The Petrini's market chain was established in San Francisco and run as a family owned business until 1989, when it was sold to a large corporation, Provigo. The markets were widely known for having the finest meat in the San Francisco area, and the marketing strategies employed at the stores are still an inspiration for grocers nationwide. At the beginning of the 20th century grocery stores were sometimes much like department stores with different partners owning and operating their own departments. The founder started out operating the meat section of Lick Market on 7th and Clement in 1935 under such a scheme. He opened three other markets within a few years of that time. The largest Petrini's grocery store was opened in 1956 on what is still known today as Petrini Plaza, near Fulton and Masonic in San Francisco. At the time of opening of that store, there were already four other large grocery stores in San Francisco. That original store was torn down and replaced by an apartment complex by the same name. ## Buttrey Food &amp; Drug Buttrey Food & Drug was a chain of grocery stores founded in Havre, Montana and formerly headquartered in Great Falls, Montana. The company was founded in 1896 as a chain of department stores branded Buttrey Department Store. The company opened grocery stores in 1935 and sold off its department store division following a 1966 acquisition by grocery company The Jewel Companies, Inc. Jewel was sold to American Stores in 1984 and Buttrey was sold off as separate company in 1990. The company was sold to its main competitor, Boise, Idaho based Albertsons, in January 1998 and the Buttrey name was retired. At that time, Buttrey was operating 44 stores in Montana, Wyoming, and North Dakota with a revenue of US$391.4 million. As of today, most former Buttrey stores continue to operate under the Albertsons banner. Question: Festival Foods was founded as what brand of US grocery stores? Answer:

IGA

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Price Chopper (supermarket) Price Chopper is a group of four separate family-owned chains of grocery stores formed in 1979 in the Kansas City and Des Moines metropolitan areas that share a common brand name and unified marketing campaigns. The owners are the Ball, Cosentino, McKeever, and Queen families in Kansas City and DGS Foods in Des Moines. All ownership groups are members of Associated Wholesale Grocers (AWG), which allows Price Chopper to have the buying power of large chains and to share marketing costs. The five ownership groups own and operate 55 stores across Kansas, Missouri, and Iowa. Slogans for the chain include "Just Right" and "Fresher Ways to Save". Price Chopper is the number one grocery store chain in the Kansas City metropolitan area in terms of both sales and number of stores. Its biggest competitor in both Kansas City and Des Moines is Hy-Vee. ## Festival Foods Festival Foods is a privately owned company operating stores throughout Wisconsin. It was founded as Skogen’s IGA by Paul and Jane Skogen in 1946 in Onalaska, Wisconsin, and is still owned by the Skogen family. Festival's private label brands are supplied by SuperValu, with the majority under their Essential Everyday label. ## Ruiz Foods Ruiz Foods is an American food production and service company based in Dinuba, California founded in 1964. As of April 2010, it was the top seller of frozen Mexican dishes in the US. Under the brand names of El Monterey and Tornados it produces around 200 frozen Mexican foods for grocery stores throughout the US. These foods include burritos, taquitos, enchiladas, and tamales. Ruiz Foods' main 300,000 sq. ft. manufacturing facility meets the needs of the Eastern and Midwestern US with two more facilities in Texas. ## IGA (supermarkets) IGA is a U.S. brand of grocery stores that operates in more than 30 countries. Unlike the chain store business model, IGA operates as a franchise through stores that are owned separately from the brand. Many of these stores operate in small town markets and belong to families that manage them. It was founded in the United States as the Independent Grocers Alliance. The headquarters is in Chicago, Illinois. IPA is also owned by IGA in Ontario Canada. ## Health food store A health food store is a type of grocery store that primarily sells health foods, organic foods, local produce, and often nutritional supplements. Health food stores typically offer a wider or more specialized selection of foods than conventional grocery stores for their customers, for example athletes and bodybuilders, people with special dietary needs, such as people who are allergic to the gluten in wheat or some other substance, or have diabetes mellitus, and for people who observe vegetarian, vegan, raw food, organic, or other alternative diets. ## Colonial Stores Colonial Stores were chain grocery stores once found throughout the South. Most were transformed to Big Star Markets in the 1970s (later Harris Teeter and The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company). The chain evolved from Norfolk, Virginia's D.P. Pender grocery stores, and were known for a rooster logo. It is one of a handful of regional grocery chains based in Norfolk, including Giant Open Air and Be-Lo Food Stores. ## Festival Foods (Minnesota) Festival Foods is a family owned grocery store chain based in Minnesota (not to be confused with the Wisconsin store chain) and operates six stores in the Twin Cities. Festival Foods is owned and operated by sisters, Marie Aarthun and Lauri Youngquist. Their stores are located in Andover, Bloomington, Brooklyn Park, Hugo, Lexington and White Bear Lake. The stores in Andover and Hugo feature Dunn Bros in-store coffee houses that roast their beans fresh on-site. The chain also contains other special in-store offerings, such as a full selection liquor store in Hugo and a café at the Bloomington Location. Festival Foods stores were previously located in Vadnais Heights and Virginia, Minnesota. ## Western Family Foods Western Family Foods was founded as the Pacific Mercantile Cooperative on March 3, 1934, by a group of retailer-owned grocery wholesalers. Western Family Foods was established December 19, 1963. The company supplies independent grocery stores with store brands. It is based in Tigard, Oregon. It distributes the Western Family, Shurfine, Shursaving, MarketChoice and Better Buy brands which are used in many independently owned supermarkets. On June 13, 2016 Western Family Foods announced that they had been acquired by Topco and plans to close their Tigard office by the end of 2016. ## Petrini's The Petrini's market chain was established in San Francisco and run as a family owned business until 1989, when it was sold to a large corporation, Provigo. The markets were widely known for having the finest meat in the San Francisco area, and the marketing strategies employed at the stores are still an inspiration for grocers nationwide. At the beginning of the 20th century grocery stores were sometimes much like department stores with different partners owning and operating their own departments. The founder started out operating the meat section of Lick Market on 7th and Clement in 1935 under such a scheme. He opened three other markets within a few years of that time. The largest Petrini's grocery store was opened in 1956 on what is still known today as Petrini Plaza, near Fulton and Masonic in San Francisco. At the time of opening of that store, there were already four other large grocery stores in San Francisco. That original store was torn down and replaced by an apartment complex by the same name. ## Buttrey Food &amp; Drug Buttrey Food & Drug was a chain of grocery stores founded in Havre, Montana and formerly headquartered in Great Falls, Montana. The company was founded in 1896 as a chain of department stores branded Buttrey Department Store. The company opened grocery stores in 1935 and sold off its department store division following a 1966 acquisition by grocery company The Jewel Companies, Inc. Jewel was sold to American Stores in 1984 and Buttrey was sold off as separate company in 1990. The company was sold to its main competitor, Boise, Idaho based Albertsons, in January 1998 and the Buttrey name was retired. At that time, Buttrey was operating 44 stores in Montana, Wyoming, and North Dakota with a revenue of US$391.4 million. As of today, most former Buttrey stores continue to operate under the Albertsons banner. Question: Festival Foods was founded as what brand of US grocery stores? Answer: ### Response: IGA

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## 2010–11 Arizona Wildcats men's basketball team The 2010–11 Arizona Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Arizona during the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Wildcats, led by second year head coach Sean Miller, played their home games at the McKale Center and are members of the Pacific-10 Conference. Miller was named the Pac-10 Conference 2011 John R. Wooden Coach of the Year. The Wildcats finished the regular season 25–6, 14–4 in Pac-10 play to be regular season conference champions and lost in the championship game of the 2011 Pacific-10 Conference Men's Basketball Tournament to Washington. They received an at-large bid in the 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, as the No. 5 seed in the West Regional, where they defeated Memphis in the second round, Texas in the third round, and Duke in the round of sixteen. ## 2011 Kansas State Wildcats football team The 2011 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Wildcats played their home games at Bill Snyder Family Football Stadium, in Manhattan, Kansas as they have done since 1968. It was the 116th season in school history. The Wildcats were led by head coach Bill Snyder in his 20th overall and third straight season since taking over his second tenure in 2009. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference. After winning all three non-conference games (Eastern Kentucky, Kent State, Miami), the conference schedule began with a close victory at home over the Baylor Bears, and ended with a victory over the rival Iowa State Cyclones in the Farmageddon showdown. Kansas State made to a 7–0 start for first time since 1999. In the week 10 action, Kansas State earned a quadruple-overtime win over the Texas A&M Aggies. It was the first overtime game in school history since the 1998 Big 12 Championship Game, a game that also saw the Wildcats and Aggies play, which they lost 36–33 in double-overtime. ## 2016–17 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team The 2016–17 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team will represent Davidson College during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Wildcats, led by seventh year head coach Michele Savage. The Wildcats were third year members of the Atlantic 10 Conference and play their home games at the John M. Belk Arena. They finished the season 6–23, 4–12 in A-10 play to finish in a tie for eleventh place. They lost in the first round of the A-10 Women's Tournament to Fordham. ## 2011 Baylor Bears football team The 2011 Baylor Bears football team represented Baylor University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Art Briles and played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium in Waco, Texas. They are members of the Big 12 Conference. They finished the season 10–3, 6–3 in Big 12 play to finish in a tie for third place with Oklahoma (whom they defeated during the season). The ten wins tied a school record for wins in a season while the 6-3 conference record is its best since joining the Big 12. They were invited to the Alamo Bowl where they beat Washington, 67–56, for their first bowl win since the 1992 John Hancock Bowl. ## 1949 Rose Bowl The 1949 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game. It was the 35th Rose Bowl Game, and the third since the Big Nine Conference and Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) agreed to an exclusive agreement to match their conference champions. The Northwestern Wildcats defeated the California Golden Bears 20–14. Northwestern halfback Frank Aschenbrenner was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game when the award was created in 1953 and selections were made retroactively. The Wildcats were underdogs going into the game but pulled off an upset. Until the 2013 Gator Bowl, this was the only bowl game win in the history of Northwestern Wildcats football program. ## 2015–16 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team The 2015–16 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team will represent Davidson College during the 2015–16 college basketball season. The Wildcats, led by sixth year head coach Michele Savage. The Wildcats are second year members of the Atlantic 10 Conference and play their home games at the John M. Belk Arena. They finished the season 11–19, 5–11 in A-10 to finish a 4 way tie for tenth place. They lost in the first round of the A-10 Women's Tournament to Richmond. ## 2012 Northwestern Wildcats football team The 2012 Northwestern Wildcats football team represented Northwestern University during the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Pat Fitzgerald, in his seventh season at Northwestern, was the team's head coach. The Wildcats home games were played at Ryan Field in Evanston, Illinois. They were members of the Legends Division of the Big Ten Conference. The Wildcats won their first bowl game since the 1949 Rose Bowl against California by defeating Mississippi State in the Gator Bowl 34–20. They finished the season 10–3 (5–3 Big Ten). ## List of Arizona Wildcats football seasons The Arizona Wildcats football team competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, representing the University of Arizona. Since 1899, the Wildcats have competed as a charter member of the Pac-12 Conference, formerly known as the Border Intercollegiate Athletic Association (BIAA), Border Conference (BC), NCAA division I independent schools, Western Athletic Conference (WAC), and Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10). From 1899 to 1966, the Wildcats were members of the Independent and Border Conference (BC). ## 2015–16 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team The 2015–16 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team represented Villanova University in the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Led by the school's 8th head coach Jay Wright in his 15th year, the Wildcats were members of the Big East Conference and played most of their home games at The Pavilion, with some select home games at the Wells Fargo Center. The Wildcats finished the season with a record of 35–5, 16–2 to win the Big East regular season. They lost in the championship of the Big East Tournament to Seton Hall. The Wildcats earned an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament as a No. 2 seed. In the Tournament, they defeated UNC Asheville, Iowa, Miami, and overall #1 seed Kansas to earn a trip to the Final Four, the fifth in school history (although the 1971 Final Four season was vacated by the NCAA). In the Final Four, the Wildcats routed No. 2 seed Oklahoma by the largest margin in Final Four history to face No. 1 seeded North Carolina for the National Championship. Led by Final Four MOP, Ryan Arcidiacono, the Wildcats won the National Championship on a three-point shot by Kris Jenkins, assisted by Arcidiacano, as time expired. The Wildcats won the school's second national title, having previously won the 1985 NCAA Tournament. ## 2017 Weber State Wildcats volleyball team The 2017 Weber State Wildcats volleyball team will represent Weber State University in the 2017 NCAA Division I women's volleyball season. The Wildcats are led by third year head coach Jeremiah Larsen and play their home games at Swenson Gym. The Wildcats are members of the Big Sky. Question: The bears and the wildcats are both members of what? Answer:

They are members of the Big 12 Conference

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## 2010–11 Arizona Wildcats men's basketball team The 2010–11 Arizona Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Arizona during the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Wildcats, led by second year head coach Sean Miller, played their home games at the McKale Center and are members of the Pacific-10 Conference. Miller was named the Pac-10 Conference 2011 John R. Wooden Coach of the Year. The Wildcats finished the regular season 25–6, 14–4 in Pac-10 play to be regular season conference champions and lost in the championship game of the 2011 Pacific-10 Conference Men's Basketball Tournament to Washington. They received an at-large bid in the 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, as the No. 5 seed in the West Regional, where they defeated Memphis in the second round, Texas in the third round, and Duke in the round of sixteen. ## 2011 Kansas State Wildcats football team The 2011 Kansas State Wildcats football team represented Kansas State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Wildcats played their home games at Bill Snyder Family Football Stadium, in Manhattan, Kansas as they have done since 1968. It was the 116th season in school history. The Wildcats were led by head coach Bill Snyder in his 20th overall and third straight season since taking over his second tenure in 2009. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference. After winning all three non-conference games (Eastern Kentucky, Kent State, Miami), the conference schedule began with a close victory at home over the Baylor Bears, and ended with a victory over the rival Iowa State Cyclones in the Farmageddon showdown. Kansas State made to a 7–0 start for first time since 1999. In the week 10 action, Kansas State earned a quadruple-overtime win over the Texas A&M Aggies. It was the first overtime game in school history since the 1998 Big 12 Championship Game, a game that also saw the Wildcats and Aggies play, which they lost 36–33 in double-overtime. ## 2016–17 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team The 2016–17 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team will represent Davidson College during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Wildcats, led by seventh year head coach Michele Savage. The Wildcats were third year members of the Atlantic 10 Conference and play their home games at the John M. Belk Arena. They finished the season 6–23, 4–12 in A-10 play to finish in a tie for eleventh place. They lost in the first round of the A-10 Women's Tournament to Fordham. ## 2011 Baylor Bears football team The 2011 Baylor Bears football team represented Baylor University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Art Briles and played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium in Waco, Texas. They are members of the Big 12 Conference. They finished the season 10–3, 6–3 in Big 12 play to finish in a tie for third place with Oklahoma (whom they defeated during the season). The ten wins tied a school record for wins in a season while the 6-3 conference record is its best since joining the Big 12. They were invited to the Alamo Bowl where they beat Washington, 67–56, for their first bowl win since the 1992 John Hancock Bowl. ## 1949 Rose Bowl The 1949 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game. It was the 35th Rose Bowl Game, and the third since the Big Nine Conference and Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) agreed to an exclusive agreement to match their conference champions. The Northwestern Wildcats defeated the California Golden Bears 20–14. Northwestern halfback Frank Aschenbrenner was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game when the award was created in 1953 and selections were made retroactively. The Wildcats were underdogs going into the game but pulled off an upset. Until the 2013 Gator Bowl, this was the only bowl game win in the history of Northwestern Wildcats football program. ## 2015–16 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team The 2015–16 Davidson Wildcats women's basketball team will represent Davidson College during the 2015–16 college basketball season. The Wildcats, led by sixth year head coach Michele Savage. The Wildcats are second year members of the Atlantic 10 Conference and play their home games at the John M. Belk Arena. They finished the season 11–19, 5–11 in A-10 to finish a 4 way tie for tenth place. They lost in the first round of the A-10 Women's Tournament to Richmond. ## 2012 Northwestern Wildcats football team The 2012 Northwestern Wildcats football team represented Northwestern University during the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Pat Fitzgerald, in his seventh season at Northwestern, was the team's head coach. The Wildcats home games were played at Ryan Field in Evanston, Illinois. They were members of the Legends Division of the Big Ten Conference. The Wildcats won their first bowl game since the 1949 Rose Bowl against California by defeating Mississippi State in the Gator Bowl 34–20. They finished the season 10–3 (5–3 Big Ten). ## List of Arizona Wildcats football seasons The Arizona Wildcats football team competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, representing the University of Arizona. Since 1899, the Wildcats have competed as a charter member of the Pac-12 Conference, formerly known as the Border Intercollegiate Athletic Association (BIAA), Border Conference (BC), NCAA division I independent schools, Western Athletic Conference (WAC), and Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10). From 1899 to 1966, the Wildcats were members of the Independent and Border Conference (BC). ## 2015–16 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team The 2015–16 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team represented Villanova University in the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Led by the school's 8th head coach Jay Wright in his 15th year, the Wildcats were members of the Big East Conference and played most of their home games at The Pavilion, with some select home games at the Wells Fargo Center. The Wildcats finished the season with a record of 35–5, 16–2 to win the Big East regular season. They lost in the championship of the Big East Tournament to Seton Hall. The Wildcats earned an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament as a No. 2 seed. In the Tournament, they defeated UNC Asheville, Iowa, Miami, and overall #1 seed Kansas to earn a trip to the Final Four, the fifth in school history (although the 1971 Final Four season was vacated by the NCAA). In the Final Four, the Wildcats routed No. 2 seed Oklahoma by the largest margin in Final Four history to face No. 1 seeded North Carolina for the National Championship. Led by Final Four MOP, Ryan Arcidiacono, the Wildcats won the National Championship on a three-point shot by Kris Jenkins, assisted by Arcidiacano, as time expired. The Wildcats won the school's second national title, having previously won the 1985 NCAA Tournament. ## 2017 Weber State Wildcats volleyball team The 2017 Weber State Wildcats volleyball team will represent Weber State University in the 2017 NCAA Division I women's volleyball season. The Wildcats are led by third year head coach Jeremiah Larsen and play their home games at Swenson Gym. The Wildcats are members of the Big Sky. Question: The bears and the wildcats are both members of what? Answer: ### Response: They are members of the Big 12 Conference

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## List of New York Yankees managers The New York Yankees are a professional baseball team based in New York City, New York in the borough of The Bronx. The New York Yankees are members of the American League (AL) East Division in Major League Baseball (MLB). The Yankees have won the World Series 27 times, more than any other MLB team. In baseball, the head coach of a team is called the manager, or more formally, the field manager. The duties of the team manager include team strategy and leadership on and off the field. Since starting to play as the Baltimore Orioles (no relationship to the current Baltimore Orioles team) in 1901, the team has employed 34 managers. The current Yankee manager is Joe Girardi, the current general manager is Brian Cashman and the current owners are Hal and Hank Steinbrenner, who are sons of George Steinbrenner, who first bought the Yankees in 1973. ## David Freese David Richard Freese (born April 28, 1983) is an American professional baseball third baseman for the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball (MLB). He began his MLB career with the St. Louis Cardinals, where he was a key player during the 2011 postseason, batting .545 with 12 hits in the 2011 National League Championship Series (NLCS). He also set an MLB postseason record of 21 runs batted in (RBIs), earning the NLCS MVP Award and World Series MVP Award. In addition, Freese won the Babe Ruth Award, naming him the MVP of the 2011 MLB postseason. ## George Chou "George" Chou Chin Nan (born 24 September 1975) is a Taiwanese racing driver currently competing in the TCR Asia Series. Having previously competed in the GT Asia Series, Porsche Carrera Cup Asia and Lamborghini Super Trofeo Asia amongst others. ## 2006 Asia Series The second annual Konami Cup Asia Series was held in November 2006 with four teams participating. The champions from the domestic leagues in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan along with an all-star team from China took part in the competition. All games were held in the Tokyo Dome in Japan. The tournament was sponsored by the Nippon Professional Baseball Association and Konami. The Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters defeated the La New Bears in the title game to win the championship for Japan. Starting pitcher Yu Darvish was named the MVP of the series. ## Yu Darvish Yu Darvish (Japanese: ダルビッシュ 有 , Hepburn: Darubisshu Yū , born 16 August 1986) is a Japanese professional baseball starting pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball (MLB). Darvish pitched in the 2008 Beijing Olympics as well as the 2009 World Baseball Classic as a member of the Japanese national team. Darvish previously pitched in MLB for the Texas Rangers. ## Keith Chan (racing driver) Keith Chan Sze-chun (born 22 September 1977) is a Hong Kong racing driver currently competing in the TCR Asia Series. Having previously competed in the Porsche Carrera Cup Asia, Lamborghini Super Trofeo Asia and GT Asia Series amongst others. ## JK Racing Asia Series JK Racing Asia Series, formerly known as both Formula BMW Asia and Formula BMW Pacific, was a single-seater racing series based in Asia. Formula BMW Asia was created in 2003 as a replacement for Asian Formula 2000 and was under the management of Motorsport Asia Limited. It was renamed Formula BMW Pacific for the 2008 season. In 2011 the series lost BMW support but received JK Tyre sponsorship and was rebranded as JK Racing Asia Series. ## Posting system The posting system (ポスティングシステム , posutingu shisutemu ) is a baseball player transfer system that operates between Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) and the United States' Major League Baseball (MLB), or between the Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) and MLB. Despite the drafting of the United States – Japanese Player Contract Agreement, unveiled in 1967 to regulate NPB players moving to MLB, problems began to arise in the late 1990s. Some NPB teams lost star players without compensation, an issue highlighted when NPB stars Hideo Nomo and Alfonso Soriano left to play in MLB after using loopholes to void their existing contracts. A further problem was that NPB players had very little negotiating power if their teams decided to deal them to MLB, as when pitcher Hideki Irabu was traded to an MLB team for which he had no desire to play. In 1998, the Agreement was rewritten to address both problems; the result was dubbed the "posting system". ## Caterham Racing (GP2 team) Caterham Racing, formerly EQ8 Caterham Racing and Caterham Team AirAsia was a motor racing team competing in the GP2 Series and GP2 Asia Series. It was created by Tony Fernandes, who was also responsible for the revival of the Lotus name in Formula 1 in 2010 with the creation of the Lotus Racing team. Team AirAsia was officially accepted to the GP2 Series grid on 21 September 2010, along with fellow debutants Carlin Motorsport, filling the gap left by the departures of Durango and DPR. The team made their debut at the first round of the 2010–11 GP2 Asia Series. ## 2011 GP2 Asia Series The 2011 GP2 Asia Series was the fourth and final season of the GP2 Asia Series, and the second to be held entirely in a single calendar year. Rather than starting at the end of 2010 and running through the winter as with the previous two seasons of GP2 Asia, the 2011 season did not start until the beginning of February, to allow for the delivery of the brand new GP2/11 car to the teams and allow for testing before using it in the Asia Series. Previously the Asia Series had used the first generation GP2 car. The season also saw the début of three teams in the Series: two new teams, Carlin and Team Air Asia, as well as Racing Engineering, who had not competed in the Asia Series since its establishment. Question: For what MLB team does the player who was the series MVP in the 2006 Asia Series play ? Answer:

Los Angeles Dodgers

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## List of New York Yankees managers The New York Yankees are a professional baseball team based in New York City, New York in the borough of The Bronx. The New York Yankees are members of the American League (AL) East Division in Major League Baseball (MLB). The Yankees have won the World Series 27 times, more than any other MLB team. In baseball, the head coach of a team is called the manager, or more formally, the field manager. The duties of the team manager include team strategy and leadership on and off the field. Since starting to play as the Baltimore Orioles (no relationship to the current Baltimore Orioles team) in 1901, the team has employed 34 managers. The current Yankee manager is Joe Girardi, the current general manager is Brian Cashman and the current owners are Hal and Hank Steinbrenner, who are sons of George Steinbrenner, who first bought the Yankees in 1973. ## David Freese David Richard Freese (born April 28, 1983) is an American professional baseball third baseman for the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball (MLB). He began his MLB career with the St. Louis Cardinals, where he was a key player during the 2011 postseason, batting .545 with 12 hits in the 2011 National League Championship Series (NLCS). He also set an MLB postseason record of 21 runs batted in (RBIs), earning the NLCS MVP Award and World Series MVP Award. In addition, Freese won the Babe Ruth Award, naming him the MVP of the 2011 MLB postseason. ## George Chou "George" Chou Chin Nan (born 24 September 1975) is a Taiwanese racing driver currently competing in the TCR Asia Series. Having previously competed in the GT Asia Series, Porsche Carrera Cup Asia and Lamborghini Super Trofeo Asia amongst others. ## 2006 Asia Series The second annual Konami Cup Asia Series was held in November 2006 with four teams participating. The champions from the domestic leagues in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan along with an all-star team from China took part in the competition. All games were held in the Tokyo Dome in Japan. The tournament was sponsored by the Nippon Professional Baseball Association and Konami. The Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters defeated the La New Bears in the title game to win the championship for Japan. Starting pitcher Yu Darvish was named the MVP of the series. ## Yu Darvish Yu Darvish (Japanese: ダルビッシュ 有 , Hepburn: Darubisshu Yū , born 16 August 1986) is a Japanese professional baseball starting pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball (MLB). Darvish pitched in the 2008 Beijing Olympics as well as the 2009 World Baseball Classic as a member of the Japanese national team. Darvish previously pitched in MLB for the Texas Rangers. ## Keith Chan (racing driver) Keith Chan Sze-chun (born 22 September 1977) is a Hong Kong racing driver currently competing in the TCR Asia Series. Having previously competed in the Porsche Carrera Cup Asia, Lamborghini Super Trofeo Asia and GT Asia Series amongst others. ## JK Racing Asia Series JK Racing Asia Series, formerly known as both Formula BMW Asia and Formula BMW Pacific, was a single-seater racing series based in Asia. Formula BMW Asia was created in 2003 as a replacement for Asian Formula 2000 and was under the management of Motorsport Asia Limited. It was renamed Formula BMW Pacific for the 2008 season. In 2011 the series lost BMW support but received JK Tyre sponsorship and was rebranded as JK Racing Asia Series. ## Posting system The posting system (ポスティングシステム , posutingu shisutemu ) is a baseball player transfer system that operates between Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) and the United States' Major League Baseball (MLB), or between the Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) and MLB. Despite the drafting of the United States – Japanese Player Contract Agreement, unveiled in 1967 to regulate NPB players moving to MLB, problems began to arise in the late 1990s. Some NPB teams lost star players without compensation, an issue highlighted when NPB stars Hideo Nomo and Alfonso Soriano left to play in MLB after using loopholes to void their existing contracts. A further problem was that NPB players had very little negotiating power if their teams decided to deal them to MLB, as when pitcher Hideki Irabu was traded to an MLB team for which he had no desire to play. In 1998, the Agreement was rewritten to address both problems; the result was dubbed the "posting system". ## Caterham Racing (GP2 team) Caterham Racing, formerly EQ8 Caterham Racing and Caterham Team AirAsia was a motor racing team competing in the GP2 Series and GP2 Asia Series. It was created by Tony Fernandes, who was also responsible for the revival of the Lotus name in Formula 1 in 2010 with the creation of the Lotus Racing team. Team AirAsia was officially accepted to the GP2 Series grid on 21 September 2010, along with fellow debutants Carlin Motorsport, filling the gap left by the departures of Durango and DPR. The team made their debut at the first round of the 2010–11 GP2 Asia Series. ## 2011 GP2 Asia Series The 2011 GP2 Asia Series was the fourth and final season of the GP2 Asia Series, and the second to be held entirely in a single calendar year. Rather than starting at the end of 2010 and running through the winter as with the previous two seasons of GP2 Asia, the 2011 season did not start until the beginning of February, to allow for the delivery of the brand new GP2/11 car to the teams and allow for testing before using it in the Asia Series. Previously the Asia Series had used the first generation GP2 car. The season also saw the début of three teams in the Series: two new teams, Carlin and Team Air Asia, as well as Racing Engineering, who had not competed in the Asia Series since its establishment. Question: For what MLB team does the player who was the series MVP in the 2006 Asia Series play ? Answer: ### Response: Los Angeles Dodgers

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Forgiven (Skillet song) Forgiven is the fourth single from the 2009 album Awake from the Christian Rock Band Skillet. The single was released to Christian CHR/Rock radio on August 2, 2010. The song received critical acclaim and was a moderate success. Although it reached number one on both Christian rock radio and CHR, Skillet has never performed it live. ## Awake (Skillet album) Awake is the eighth album by American Christian rock band Skillet. It is the follow-up to their Grammy-nominated album "Comatose". The album was released August 25, 2009 by Lava Records and Ardent Records and debuted at No. 2 on the "Billboard" 200. The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on July 27, 2010, and has since gone platinum, selling over 1,000,000 copies to date. It was nominated for Top Christian Album at the Billboard Music Awards 2011 and won. This is the last album to feature guitarist Ben Kasica and the first studio release to feature drummer Jen Ledger. The singles "Awake and Alive" and "Hero" are certified Platinum, while "Monster" reached Double-Platinum status. ## Ardent Worship Ardent Worship is the fourth album by the Christian rock band Skillet. It was released in 2000 by Ardent Records seven months after "Invincible". It is a worship album consisting of both live and studio recordings of six songs written by Skillet and four songs covering other artists. Original Skillet members Ken Steorts and Trey McClurkin appear on "Safe With You" and "Shout To The Lord" to finish the live set with fellow founding member John Cooper. This is the only Skillet album with no music videos and the first album with Lori Peters on drums, who replaced Trey McClurkin. Two songs come from previous Skillet albums, "Safe With You" being from their self-titled album and "Angels Fall Down" being the hidden track on "Invincible". ## Awake and Alive "Awake and Alive" is the third single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet. It was released on February 15, 2010 to Christian Hard rock and Rock radio. Before release as a single, the song charted at No. 100 in the "Billboard" Hot 100 for one week and No. 16 on the "Billboard" Top Heatseekers after the release of Awake thanks to digital sales, becoming Skillet's first song to hit the Hot 100. The song also charted at No. 1 on Christian Rock.net. It has also debuted on Christian Rock charts at No. 12. ## It's Not Me, It's You (song) "It's Not Me, It's You" is the sixth single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet, and is the sixth track on the album. ## Hero (Skillet song) "Hero" is the first single of the 2009 album "Awake" by the American Christian rock band Skillet and is the first track on the album. The song talks about mankind's need for a hero with the hero being Jesus Christ. It's the fourth single by Skillet to be released to physical media. The single sold 12,000 copies in its first week. ## Monster (Skillet song) "Monster" is the second single from the 2009 album "Awake" by the American Christian rock band Skillet, and is the second track on the album. The single went on to become the band's breakthrough single charting at No. 4 on Mainstream rock charts and No. 1 on the "Billboard" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Chart. A radio edit version can be found on the deluxe version, which does not include the growling part of the song. It is also the fifth single by Skillet to be released to physical media. ## Skillet (band) Skillet is an American Christian rock band formed in Memphis, Tennessee in 1996. The band currently consists of husband John (lead vocals, bass) and wife Korey Cooper (rhythm guitar, keyboards, backing vocals) along with Jen Ledger (drums, vocals) and Seth Morrison (lead guitar). The band has released nine albums, two receiving Grammy nominations: "Collide" and "Comatose". Two of their albums, "Awake" and "Comatose", are certified Platinum by RIAA while "Rise", is certified Gold as of 12, 2016 . ## Whispers in the Dark (Skillet song) "Whispers in the Dark", is a song by the Christian rock band Skillet, and it is the second single off their seventh album "Comatose". The song has achieved a large amount of popularity in both the mainstream and Christian radio. From the album's release to the Winterjam 2008 tour, the band opened their set with this song. For the Comatose Tour, this song was placed second in the set list. It has stayed there through the 2008 festival season before and in the 2009 Comatose tour. However the band started reopening their setlist with the song again for the "Awake and Alive Tour." It is the fourth single by Skillet to be released to physical media. ## Lucy (Skillet song) "Lucy" is the fifth single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet, and is the twelfth and final track on the album. Question: "It's Not Me, It's You" is the sixth single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet, an American Christian rock band formed in Memphis, Tennessee in which year? Answer:

1996

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Forgiven (Skillet song) Forgiven is the fourth single from the 2009 album Awake from the Christian Rock Band Skillet. The single was released to Christian CHR/Rock radio on August 2, 2010. The song received critical acclaim and was a moderate success. Although it reached number one on both Christian rock radio and CHR, Skillet has never performed it live. ## Awake (Skillet album) Awake is the eighth album by American Christian rock band Skillet. It is the follow-up to their Grammy-nominated album "Comatose". The album was released August 25, 2009 by Lava Records and Ardent Records and debuted at No. 2 on the "Billboard" 200. The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on July 27, 2010, and has since gone platinum, selling over 1,000,000 copies to date. It was nominated for Top Christian Album at the Billboard Music Awards 2011 and won. This is the last album to feature guitarist Ben Kasica and the first studio release to feature drummer Jen Ledger. The singles "Awake and Alive" and "Hero" are certified Platinum, while "Monster" reached Double-Platinum status. ## Ardent Worship Ardent Worship is the fourth album by the Christian rock band Skillet. It was released in 2000 by Ardent Records seven months after "Invincible". It is a worship album consisting of both live and studio recordings of six songs written by Skillet and four songs covering other artists. Original Skillet members Ken Steorts and Trey McClurkin appear on "Safe With You" and "Shout To The Lord" to finish the live set with fellow founding member John Cooper. This is the only Skillet album with no music videos and the first album with Lori Peters on drums, who replaced Trey McClurkin. Two songs come from previous Skillet albums, "Safe With You" being from their self-titled album and "Angels Fall Down" being the hidden track on "Invincible". ## Awake and Alive "Awake and Alive" is the third single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet. It was released on February 15, 2010 to Christian Hard rock and Rock radio. Before release as a single, the song charted at No. 100 in the "Billboard" Hot 100 for one week and No. 16 on the "Billboard" Top Heatseekers after the release of Awake thanks to digital sales, becoming Skillet's first song to hit the Hot 100. The song also charted at No. 1 on Christian Rock.net. It has also debuted on Christian Rock charts at No. 12. ## It's Not Me, It's You (song) "It's Not Me, It's You" is the sixth single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet, and is the sixth track on the album. ## Hero (Skillet song) "Hero" is the first single of the 2009 album "Awake" by the American Christian rock band Skillet and is the first track on the album. The song talks about mankind's need for a hero with the hero being Jesus Christ. It's the fourth single by Skillet to be released to physical media. The single sold 12,000 copies in its first week. ## Monster (Skillet song) "Monster" is the second single from the 2009 album "Awake" by the American Christian rock band Skillet, and is the second track on the album. The single went on to become the band's breakthrough single charting at No. 4 on Mainstream rock charts and No. 1 on the "Billboard" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Chart. A radio edit version can be found on the deluxe version, which does not include the growling part of the song. It is also the fifth single by Skillet to be released to physical media. ## Skillet (band) Skillet is an American Christian rock band formed in Memphis, Tennessee in 1996. The band currently consists of husband John (lead vocals, bass) and wife Korey Cooper (rhythm guitar, keyboards, backing vocals) along with Jen Ledger (drums, vocals) and Seth Morrison (lead guitar). The band has released nine albums, two receiving Grammy nominations: "Collide" and "Comatose". Two of their albums, "Awake" and "Comatose", are certified Platinum by RIAA while "Rise", is certified Gold as of 12, 2016 . ## Whispers in the Dark (Skillet song) "Whispers in the Dark", is a song by the Christian rock band Skillet, and it is the second single off their seventh album "Comatose". The song has achieved a large amount of popularity in both the mainstream and Christian radio. From the album's release to the Winterjam 2008 tour, the band opened their set with this song. For the Comatose Tour, this song was placed second in the set list. It has stayed there through the 2008 festival season before and in the 2009 Comatose tour. However the band started reopening their setlist with the song again for the "Awake and Alive Tour." It is the fourth single by Skillet to be released to physical media. ## Lucy (Skillet song) "Lucy" is the fifth single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet, and is the twelfth and final track on the album. Question: "It's Not Me, It's You" is the sixth single of the 2009 album Awake by the Christian rock band Skillet, an American Christian rock band formed in Memphis, Tennessee in which year? Answer: ### Response: 1996

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## MG 17 machine gun The MG 17 was a 7.92 mm machine gun produced by Rheinmetall-Borsig for use at fixed mountings in many World War II Luftwaffe aircraft, typically as forward-firing offensive armament, but also used as fixed, remotely-fired tail guns in certain aircraft variants, such as the Do 217. The MG 17 was based on the older MG 30 light machine gun, as was its defensive flexible-mount counterpart, the MG 15 machine gun, which was of the same caliber and general size. Modifications to the design included removal of the buttstock, switching from magazine to belt-fed ammunition, and from open-bolt operation to closed bolt operation, to allow it to be installed in synchronized applications, firing through the propeller arc. The MG 15 retained open bolt operation, but used 75 round saddle-type drum magazines, and likewise lost its buttstock, to fit better in the tight confines of an aircraft. The MG 30 was also the basis for the famed MG 34 and MG 42 designs; variants of the latter are still in service in certain areas. ## St. Étienne Mle 1907 The French St. Étienne Mle 1907 (French: "Mitrailleuse Mle 1907 T" ) was a gas operated air-cooled machine gun in 8mm Lebel which was widely used in the early years of the First World War. The "St.Etienne Mle 1907" was not derived from the Hotchkiss machine gun. Instead it was an entirely different gas operated blow-forward design borrowed from the semi-automatic Bang rifle of 1903. This Bang system was first transposed in 1905 to the French Puteaux APX Machine Gun which soon proved to be unsatisfactory. Then, two years later, the Mle 1907 "St-Etienne" machine gun followed as an improved redesign of the "Puteaux" machine gun. However the Mle 1907 "Saint Etienne" was only a partial redesign : the original blow-forward gas piston, rack-and-pinion system, and bolt mechanism of the Mle 1905 " Puteaux" machine gun had all been kept only slightly modified inside the newer weapon. Eventually a total of over 39,700 "St-Etienne" Mle 1907 machine guns were manufactured between 1908 and late 1917. They were widely used by French infantry during the early part of World War I until their replacement by the distinctly more reliable Hotchkiss M1914 machine-gun. ## MG 42 The MG 42 (shortened from German: "Maschinengewehr 42", or "machine gun 42") is a 7.92×57mm Mauser general purpose machine gun designed in Nazi Germany and used extensively by the Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS during the second half of World War II. It was intended to replace the earlier MG 34, which was more expensive and took much longer to produce, but both weapons were produced until the end of the war. ## Type 1 machine gun The Type 1 machine gun was developed for aerial use for the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy during World War II. It was an adaptation of the German MG 15 machine gun. (Note that the 12.7mm Ho-103 and H-104 machine guns are also known as the "Type 1 machine gun", but are actually a 12.7mm adaption of the Browning M1919 machine gun in fixed and flexible mountings, respectively.) ## M2 Browning The M2 Machine Gun or Browning .50 Caliber Machine Gun is a heavy machine gun designed toward the end of World War I by John Browning. Its design is similar to Browning's earlier M1919 Browning machine gun, which was chambered for the .30-06 cartridge. The M2 uses the much larger and much more powerful .50 BMG cartridge, which was developed alongside and takes its name from the gun itself (BMG standing for "Browning Machine Gun"). It has been referred to as "Ma Deuce", in reference to its M2 nomenclature. The design has had many specific designations; the official designation for the current infantry type is Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .50, M2, HB, Flexible. It is effective against infantry, unarmored or lightly armored vehicles and boats, light fortifications and low-flying aircraft. The M2 has been produced longer than any other machine gun. ## MG 29 The Flieger MG 29 (also called the Flab MG or FLab MG 29/38) was a Swiss light machine gun developed in the 1920s and produced until shortly before the dawn of the Second World War. It was mounted on aircraft and was later used as an anti-aircraft gun. However, it was too heavy to be used as am infantry support weapon. It employed a closed bolt system. Some guns had the ability to bolt a large box onto the bottom of the machine gun to hold the ammunition belt. Two versions of the gun existed, the "normal" version and a second version which bolted two guns together and made them to fire from the same trigger, known as the "Doppel-MG" (double machine gun). After the second world war, better anti aircraft systems and aircraft weapons were available to Switzerland and the infantry support role was filled by the MG 51. The higher rate of fire, but much heavier MG 29 was finally mounted on the first prototype of the Panzer 58, the precursor to the more famous Panzer 61 tank before being retired. ## Rheinmetall MG 3 The MG 3 is a German general-purpose machine gun chambered for the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge. The weapon's design is derived from the World War II era MG 42 universal machine gun that fired the 7.92×57mm Mauser round. ## MG 51 The 7.5 mm Maschinengewehr 1951 or Mg 51 is a general-purpose machine gun manufactured by W+F of Switzerland. The weapon was introduced into Swiss service when the Swiss Army initiated a competition for a new service machine gun to replace the MG 11 heavy machine gun and the Furrer M25 light machine gun adopted in 1911 and 1925 respectively. ## Canadian Machine Gun Corps The Canadian Machine Gun Corps (CMGC) was an administrative corps of the Canadian Army. It was part of the Canadian Expeditionary Force sent to France during World War I. The Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade was organized in the Permanent Force on 3 November 1919. The Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade was redesignated the Royal Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade on 16 June 1921. The Royal Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade was disbanded on 1 November 1923. The Canadian Machine Gun Corps donated a wall plaque at St. George's Church in Ypres. ## MG 3 The MG 3 is a budget supermini car produced by the Chinese automotive giant SAIC. The first generation, marketed as the MG 3 SW, is based on the British made Rover Streetwise, which itself was based on the Rover 25, while the second generation, introduced in 2011 is marketed simply as the MG 3. It is the most popular Chinese manufactured car currently on sale in the United Kingdom. Question: What gun did the machine gun that the MG 3 is derived from replace? Answer:

MG 34

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## MG 17 machine gun The MG 17 was a 7.92 mm machine gun produced by Rheinmetall-Borsig for use at fixed mountings in many World War II Luftwaffe aircraft, typically as forward-firing offensive armament, but also used as fixed, remotely-fired tail guns in certain aircraft variants, such as the Do 217. The MG 17 was based on the older MG 30 light machine gun, as was its defensive flexible-mount counterpart, the MG 15 machine gun, which was of the same caliber and general size. Modifications to the design included removal of the buttstock, switching from magazine to belt-fed ammunition, and from open-bolt operation to closed bolt operation, to allow it to be installed in synchronized applications, firing through the propeller arc. The MG 15 retained open bolt operation, but used 75 round saddle-type drum magazines, and likewise lost its buttstock, to fit better in the tight confines of an aircraft. The MG 30 was also the basis for the famed MG 34 and MG 42 designs; variants of the latter are still in service in certain areas. ## St. Étienne Mle 1907 The French St. Étienne Mle 1907 (French: "Mitrailleuse Mle 1907 T" ) was a gas operated air-cooled machine gun in 8mm Lebel which was widely used in the early years of the First World War. The "St.Etienne Mle 1907" was not derived from the Hotchkiss machine gun. Instead it was an entirely different gas operated blow-forward design borrowed from the semi-automatic Bang rifle of 1903. This Bang system was first transposed in 1905 to the French Puteaux APX Machine Gun which soon proved to be unsatisfactory. Then, two years later, the Mle 1907 "St-Etienne" machine gun followed as an improved redesign of the "Puteaux" machine gun. However the Mle 1907 "Saint Etienne" was only a partial redesign : the original blow-forward gas piston, rack-and-pinion system, and bolt mechanism of the Mle 1905 " Puteaux" machine gun had all been kept only slightly modified inside the newer weapon. Eventually a total of over 39,700 "St-Etienne" Mle 1907 machine guns were manufactured between 1908 and late 1917. They were widely used by French infantry during the early part of World War I until their replacement by the distinctly more reliable Hotchkiss M1914 machine-gun. ## MG 42 The MG 42 (shortened from German: "Maschinengewehr 42", or "machine gun 42") is a 7.92×57mm Mauser general purpose machine gun designed in Nazi Germany and used extensively by the Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS during the second half of World War II. It was intended to replace the earlier MG 34, which was more expensive and took much longer to produce, but both weapons were produced until the end of the war. ## Type 1 machine gun The Type 1 machine gun was developed for aerial use for the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy during World War II. It was an adaptation of the German MG 15 machine gun. (Note that the 12.7mm Ho-103 and H-104 machine guns are also known as the "Type 1 machine gun", but are actually a 12.7mm adaption of the Browning M1919 machine gun in fixed and flexible mountings, respectively.) ## M2 Browning The M2 Machine Gun or Browning .50 Caliber Machine Gun is a heavy machine gun designed toward the end of World War I by John Browning. Its design is similar to Browning's earlier M1919 Browning machine gun, which was chambered for the .30-06 cartridge. The M2 uses the much larger and much more powerful .50 BMG cartridge, which was developed alongside and takes its name from the gun itself (BMG standing for "Browning Machine Gun"). It has been referred to as "Ma Deuce", in reference to its M2 nomenclature. The design has had many specific designations; the official designation for the current infantry type is Browning Machine Gun, Cal. .50, M2, HB, Flexible. It is effective against infantry, unarmored or lightly armored vehicles and boats, light fortifications and low-flying aircraft. The M2 has been produced longer than any other machine gun. ## MG 29 The Flieger MG 29 (also called the Flab MG or FLab MG 29/38) was a Swiss light machine gun developed in the 1920s and produced until shortly before the dawn of the Second World War. It was mounted on aircraft and was later used as an anti-aircraft gun. However, it was too heavy to be used as am infantry support weapon. It employed a closed bolt system. Some guns had the ability to bolt a large box onto the bottom of the machine gun to hold the ammunition belt. Two versions of the gun existed, the "normal" version and a second version which bolted two guns together and made them to fire from the same trigger, known as the "Doppel-MG" (double machine gun). After the second world war, better anti aircraft systems and aircraft weapons were available to Switzerland and the infantry support role was filled by the MG 51. The higher rate of fire, but much heavier MG 29 was finally mounted on the first prototype of the Panzer 58, the precursor to the more famous Panzer 61 tank before being retired. ## Rheinmetall MG 3 The MG 3 is a German general-purpose machine gun chambered for the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge. The weapon's design is derived from the World War II era MG 42 universal machine gun that fired the 7.92×57mm Mauser round. ## MG 51 The 7.5 mm Maschinengewehr 1951 or Mg 51 is a general-purpose machine gun manufactured by W+F of Switzerland. The weapon was introduced into Swiss service when the Swiss Army initiated a competition for a new service machine gun to replace the MG 11 heavy machine gun and the Furrer M25 light machine gun adopted in 1911 and 1925 respectively. ## Canadian Machine Gun Corps The Canadian Machine Gun Corps (CMGC) was an administrative corps of the Canadian Army. It was part of the Canadian Expeditionary Force sent to France during World War I. The Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade was organized in the Permanent Force on 3 November 1919. The Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade was redesignated the Royal Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade on 16 June 1921. The Royal Canadian Permanent Machine Gun Brigade was disbanded on 1 November 1923. The Canadian Machine Gun Corps donated a wall plaque at St. George's Church in Ypres. ## MG 3 The MG 3 is a budget supermini car produced by the Chinese automotive giant SAIC. The first generation, marketed as the MG 3 SW, is based on the British made Rover Streetwise, which itself was based on the Rover 25, while the second generation, introduced in 2011 is marketed simply as the MG 3. It is the most popular Chinese manufactured car currently on sale in the United Kingdom. Question: What gun did the machine gun that the MG 3 is derived from replace? Answer: ### Response: MG 34

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Marc Veasey Marc Allison Veasey (born January 3, 1971) is an American politician from Fort Worth, Texas. Veasey is currently the United States Representative for Texas's 33rd congressional district, winning the office in November 2012. Previously he was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from 2005 to 2013, where he served as Chair Pro Tempore of the House Democratic Caucus. He is a member of the Democratic Party. ## Nicole Collier Nicole Johnson Collier (born 1972) is a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives, serving since 2013 House District 95 in Fort Worth, Texas. Collier succeeded Marc Veasey, who was instead elected to the United States House of Representatives from Texas's 33rd congressional district. ## Albert Parker (director) Albert Parker (May 11, 1885 – August 10, 1974) was an American film director, producer, screenwriter and actor. He directed 36 films between 1917 and 1938. In the early 1930s Parker left Hollywood for England where he continued to direct films and also opened an actors' agency office. One of his later clients in the 1960s was a young actress named Helen Mirren. ## Pam Veasey Pamela Renea Veasey (born May 25, 1962) is an American television writer, producer and director. ## Albert Parker Niblack Albert Parker Niblack (July 25, 1859 – August 20, 1929) was a United States admiral who served during the First World War. In 1940, the USS "Niblack" (DD-424), sponsored by his widow, was named in his honor. ## Team America: World Police Team America: World Police is a 2004 American-German satirical action comedy film starring puppets produced by Scott Rudin, Matt Stone, and Trey Parker, written by Parker, Stone and Pam Brady and directed by Parker, all of whom are also known for the popular animated television series "South Park". The film stars Parker, Stone, Kristen Miller, Masasa Moyo, Daran Norris, Phil Hendrie, Maurice LaMarche, Chelsea Marguerite, Jeremy Shada, and Fred Tatasciore, and is a satire of big-budget action films and their associated clichés and stereotypes, with particular humorous emphasis on the global implications of the politics of the United States. The title is derived from domestic and international political criticisms that the foreign policy of the United States frequently and unilaterally tries to "police the world". Featuring a cast of supermarionettes, "Team America" depicts a paramilitary police known as "Team America: World Police", who attempt to save the world from a terrorist plot led by Kim Jong-il. ## Lollipop (Param Pam Pam) "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" is the debut song recorded by Romanian recording artist Alexandra Stan for her debut studio album, "Saxobeats" (2011). The track was written by Marcel Prodan and Andrei Nemirschi, while production was solely handled by Prodan. It was first released in Romania in 2009. Following the international success of Stan's 2010 single "Mr. Saxobeat", "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" was re-distributed in Canada, Germany, and the United States in 2011. The music video for "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" features the singer and other female dancers dancing to the song in front of a purple backdrop; interspersed scenes portray Stan licking a lollipop. She herself described the song as "club-friendly" and as featuring "funny lyrics", while music critics praised it for being a "catchy pop song" and a "club sensation". Sampling elements from American singer Fergie's "Fergalicious" (2006), the single commercially peaked at number 18 on her native Romanian Top 100. ## Pam Allyn Pam Allyn (born January 31, 1963) is an American literacy expert and author. Pam is the founding director of LitWorld, a global literacy initiative serving children across the United States and in more than 60 countries. She is also the Executive Director and founder of LitLife, a cutting-edge consulting group working with schools to enrich best practice teaching methods and building curriculum for reading and writing. She is the author of the "Your Child’s Writing Life" (Penguin Avery), "Pam Allyn’s Best Books for Boys: How To Engage Boys in Reading in Ways That Will Change Their Lives" (Scholastic), "What To Read When: The Books and Stories To Read With Your Child–And All The Best Times To Read Them" (Penguin Avery), and "Core Ready", a 14-book series focusing on the Common Core Learning Standards (Pearson). Pam is widely known as a motivational speaker advocating for reading and writing as human rights that belong to all people. Her personal quest to bring literacy to every child stems from a deeper desire to bring dignity to every child, and to empower children to read and write powerfully, effectively and with passion in ways that will change their worlds and the worlds of others. Her work has been featured on Good Morning America, The Today Show, Oprah Radio, The Huffington Post, CNN International, and in The New York Times. Pam is the Global Ambassador for Scholastic's "Read Every Day. Lead a Better Life." Campaign. She is lso a spokesperson for BIC Kids, championing BIC's 2014 "Fight For Your Write" campaign. ## USS Niblack (DD-424) USS "Niblack" (DD-424), a "Gleaves"-class destroyer , is the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Albert Parker Niblack. Niblack became the Director of Naval Intelligence 1 March 1919, and Naval Attache in London 6 August 1920. As Vice Admiral, he commanded U.S. Naval Forces in European waters 15 January 1921 to 17 June 1922. ## Thomas Parker (footballer) Thomas Albert Parker (22 November 1906 – 11 November 1964) was an English footballer. His regular position was at centre-half. He was born in Eccles, Lancashire. He played for Manchester United, Bristol City, Carlisle United and Stalybridge Celtic. Question: Are both Pam Veasey and Albert Parker from the United States? Answer:

yes

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Marc Veasey Marc Allison Veasey (born January 3, 1971) is an American politician from Fort Worth, Texas. Veasey is currently the United States Representative for Texas's 33rd congressional district, winning the office in November 2012. Previously he was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from 2005 to 2013, where he served as Chair Pro Tempore of the House Democratic Caucus. He is a member of the Democratic Party. ## Nicole Collier Nicole Johnson Collier (born 1972) is a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives, serving since 2013 House District 95 in Fort Worth, Texas. Collier succeeded Marc Veasey, who was instead elected to the United States House of Representatives from Texas's 33rd congressional district. ## Albert Parker (director) Albert Parker (May 11, 1885 – August 10, 1974) was an American film director, producer, screenwriter and actor. He directed 36 films between 1917 and 1938. In the early 1930s Parker left Hollywood for England where he continued to direct films and also opened an actors' agency office. One of his later clients in the 1960s was a young actress named Helen Mirren. ## Pam Veasey Pamela Renea Veasey (born May 25, 1962) is an American television writer, producer and director. ## Albert Parker Niblack Albert Parker Niblack (July 25, 1859 – August 20, 1929) was a United States admiral who served during the First World War. In 1940, the USS "Niblack" (DD-424), sponsored by his widow, was named in his honor. ## Team America: World Police Team America: World Police is a 2004 American-German satirical action comedy film starring puppets produced by Scott Rudin, Matt Stone, and Trey Parker, written by Parker, Stone and Pam Brady and directed by Parker, all of whom are also known for the popular animated television series "South Park". The film stars Parker, Stone, Kristen Miller, Masasa Moyo, Daran Norris, Phil Hendrie, Maurice LaMarche, Chelsea Marguerite, Jeremy Shada, and Fred Tatasciore, and is a satire of big-budget action films and their associated clichés and stereotypes, with particular humorous emphasis on the global implications of the politics of the United States. The title is derived from domestic and international political criticisms that the foreign policy of the United States frequently and unilaterally tries to "police the world". Featuring a cast of supermarionettes, "Team America" depicts a paramilitary police known as "Team America: World Police", who attempt to save the world from a terrorist plot led by Kim Jong-il. ## Lollipop (Param Pam Pam) "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" is the debut song recorded by Romanian recording artist Alexandra Stan for her debut studio album, "Saxobeats" (2011). The track was written by Marcel Prodan and Andrei Nemirschi, while production was solely handled by Prodan. It was first released in Romania in 2009. Following the international success of Stan's 2010 single "Mr. Saxobeat", "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" was re-distributed in Canada, Germany, and the United States in 2011. The music video for "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" features the singer and other female dancers dancing to the song in front of a purple backdrop; interspersed scenes portray Stan licking a lollipop. She herself described the song as "club-friendly" and as featuring "funny lyrics", while music critics praised it for being a "catchy pop song" and a "club sensation". Sampling elements from American singer Fergie's "Fergalicious" (2006), the single commercially peaked at number 18 on her native Romanian Top 100. ## Pam Allyn Pam Allyn (born January 31, 1963) is an American literacy expert and author. Pam is the founding director of LitWorld, a global literacy initiative serving children across the United States and in more than 60 countries. She is also the Executive Director and founder of LitLife, a cutting-edge consulting group working with schools to enrich best practice teaching methods and building curriculum for reading and writing. She is the author of the "Your Child’s Writing Life" (Penguin Avery), "Pam Allyn’s Best Books for Boys: How To Engage Boys in Reading in Ways That Will Change Their Lives" (Scholastic), "What To Read When: The Books and Stories To Read With Your Child–And All The Best Times To Read Them" (Penguin Avery), and "Core Ready", a 14-book series focusing on the Common Core Learning Standards (Pearson). Pam is widely known as a motivational speaker advocating for reading and writing as human rights that belong to all people. Her personal quest to bring literacy to every child stems from a deeper desire to bring dignity to every child, and to empower children to read and write powerfully, effectively and with passion in ways that will change their worlds and the worlds of others. Her work has been featured on Good Morning America, The Today Show, Oprah Radio, The Huffington Post, CNN International, and in The New York Times. Pam is the Global Ambassador for Scholastic's "Read Every Day. Lead a Better Life." Campaign. She is lso a spokesperson for BIC Kids, championing BIC's 2014 "Fight For Your Write" campaign. ## USS Niblack (DD-424) USS "Niblack" (DD-424), a "Gleaves"-class destroyer , is the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Albert Parker Niblack. Niblack became the Director of Naval Intelligence 1 March 1919, and Naval Attache in London 6 August 1920. As Vice Admiral, he commanded U.S. Naval Forces in European waters 15 January 1921 to 17 June 1922. ## Thomas Parker (footballer) Thomas Albert Parker (22 November 1906 – 11 November 1964) was an English footballer. His regular position was at centre-half. He was born in Eccles, Lancashire. He played for Manchester United, Bristol City, Carlisle United and Stalybridge Celtic. Question: Are both Pam Veasey and Albert Parker from the United States? Answer: ### Response: yes

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## The Venus Model The Venus Model is a 1918 American silent romantic comedy film starring Mabel Normand and directed by Clarence G. Badger. The film was made at the beginning of the 20th century when Goldwyn Pictures and many early film studios in America's first motion picture industry were based in Fort Lee, New Jersey. It is not known whether the film currently survives, and it may be a lost film. ## The Golden Princess The Golden Princess is a lost 1925 American Western silent film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Frances Agnew and Bret Harte. The film stars Betty Bronson, Neil Hamilton, Phyllis Haver, Joseph J. Dowling, Edgar Kennedy, George Irving and Norma Wills. The film was released on October 5, 1925, by Paramount Pictures. ## Quincy Adams Sawyer Quincy Adams Sawyer was a 1922 American silent comedy-drama film directed by Clarence G. Badger. Distributed by Metro Pictures, the film is based on the 1900 novel "Quincy Adams Sawyer and Mason's Corner Folks", written by Charles Felton Pidgin. The film was re-released in 1927, after LaMarr's death, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and is now considered a lost film. ## One Night in Rome One Night in Rome is a 1924 film starring Laurette Taylor. The film was directed by Clarence G. Badger and written J. Hartley Manners, Ms. Taylor's husband, based upon his play. Laurette Taylor was a great name of the American theatre, who made only three films in a triumph-studded career, all of them derived from plays by her husband. This was the last of those three films (the previous two had been done by Metro Pictures). Ms. Taylor seems to have enjoyed making "One Night in Rome" as she kept a personal print of the movie to always show guests at her home, re-running it over and over again. ## The Hot Heiress The Hot Heiress is a 1931 American Pre-Code comedy film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Herbert Fields. The film stars Ben Lyon, Ona Munson, Walter Pidgeon, Tom Dugan, Holmes Herbert and Inez Courtney. The film was released by Warner Bros. on March 28, 1931. ## Man Power Man Power is a lost 1927 American comedy silent film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Ray Harris, Louise Long, George Marion Jr., Sam Mintz and Byron Morgan. The film stars Richard Dix and features Mary Brian, Philip Strange, Charles Hill Mailes, Oscar Smith and George Irving. The film was released on July 9, 1927, by Paramount Pictures. ## The Rainmaker (1926 film) The Rainmaker is a lost 1926 American drama silent film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Gerald Beaumont, Louis D. Lighton and Hope Loring. The film stars William Collier, Jr., Georgia Hale, Ernest Torrence, Brandon Hurst, Joseph J. Dowling and Tom Wilson. Te film was released on May 10, 1926, by Paramount Pictures. ## The Shooting of Dan McGrew (1924 film) The Shooting of Dan McGrew is an extant 1924 silent drama film directed by Clarence G. Badger. Distributed by Metro Pictures final film, the film is based on the 1907 poem of the same name written by Robert W. Service. The film is preserved. ## Don Siegel Donald Siegel ( ; October 26, 1912 – April 20, 1991) was an American film director and producer. His name variously appeared in the credits of his films as both Don Siegel and Donald Siegel. He is best known for the original sci-fi film "Invasion of the Body Snatchers" (1956), as well as five films with Clint Eastwood, including the police thriller "Dirty Harry" (1971) and the prison drama "Escape from Alcatraz" (1979), and John Wayne's final film the 1976 Western "The Shootist". ## Clarence G. Badger Clarence G. Badger (June 9, 1880 – June 17, 1964) was an American film director of feature films in the 1910s, 1920s and 1930s. His films include "It" and "Red Hair", more than a dozen features and shorts starring Will Rogers, and two features starring Raymond Griffith, "Paths to Paradise" and "Hands Up!" Question: Who began his film career earlier, Clarence G. Badger, or Don Siegel? Answer:

Clarence G. Badger

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## The Venus Model The Venus Model is a 1918 American silent romantic comedy film starring Mabel Normand and directed by Clarence G. Badger. The film was made at the beginning of the 20th century when Goldwyn Pictures and many early film studios in America's first motion picture industry were based in Fort Lee, New Jersey. It is not known whether the film currently survives, and it may be a lost film. ## The Golden Princess The Golden Princess is a lost 1925 American Western silent film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Frances Agnew and Bret Harte. The film stars Betty Bronson, Neil Hamilton, Phyllis Haver, Joseph J. Dowling, Edgar Kennedy, George Irving and Norma Wills. The film was released on October 5, 1925, by Paramount Pictures. ## Quincy Adams Sawyer Quincy Adams Sawyer was a 1922 American silent comedy-drama film directed by Clarence G. Badger. Distributed by Metro Pictures, the film is based on the 1900 novel "Quincy Adams Sawyer and Mason's Corner Folks", written by Charles Felton Pidgin. The film was re-released in 1927, after LaMarr's death, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and is now considered a lost film. ## One Night in Rome One Night in Rome is a 1924 film starring Laurette Taylor. The film was directed by Clarence G. Badger and written J. Hartley Manners, Ms. Taylor's husband, based upon his play. Laurette Taylor was a great name of the American theatre, who made only three films in a triumph-studded career, all of them derived from plays by her husband. This was the last of those three films (the previous two had been done by Metro Pictures). Ms. Taylor seems to have enjoyed making "One Night in Rome" as she kept a personal print of the movie to always show guests at her home, re-running it over and over again. ## The Hot Heiress The Hot Heiress is a 1931 American Pre-Code comedy film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Herbert Fields. The film stars Ben Lyon, Ona Munson, Walter Pidgeon, Tom Dugan, Holmes Herbert and Inez Courtney. The film was released by Warner Bros. on March 28, 1931. ## Man Power Man Power is a lost 1927 American comedy silent film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Ray Harris, Louise Long, George Marion Jr., Sam Mintz and Byron Morgan. The film stars Richard Dix and features Mary Brian, Philip Strange, Charles Hill Mailes, Oscar Smith and George Irving. The film was released on July 9, 1927, by Paramount Pictures. ## The Rainmaker (1926 film) The Rainmaker is a lost 1926 American drama silent film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Gerald Beaumont, Louis D. Lighton and Hope Loring. The film stars William Collier, Jr., Georgia Hale, Ernest Torrence, Brandon Hurst, Joseph J. Dowling and Tom Wilson. Te film was released on May 10, 1926, by Paramount Pictures. ## The Shooting of Dan McGrew (1924 film) The Shooting of Dan McGrew is an extant 1924 silent drama film directed by Clarence G. Badger. Distributed by Metro Pictures final film, the film is based on the 1907 poem of the same name written by Robert W. Service. The film is preserved. ## Don Siegel Donald Siegel ( ; October 26, 1912 – April 20, 1991) was an American film director and producer. His name variously appeared in the credits of his films as both Don Siegel and Donald Siegel. He is best known for the original sci-fi film "Invasion of the Body Snatchers" (1956), as well as five films with Clint Eastwood, including the police thriller "Dirty Harry" (1971) and the prison drama "Escape from Alcatraz" (1979), and John Wayne's final film the 1976 Western "The Shootist". ## Clarence G. Badger Clarence G. Badger (June 9, 1880 – June 17, 1964) was an American film director of feature films in the 1910s, 1920s and 1930s. His films include "It" and "Red Hair", more than a dozen features and shorts starring Will Rogers, and two features starring Raymond Griffith, "Paths to Paradise" and "Hands Up!" Question: Who began his film career earlier, Clarence G. Badger, or Don Siegel? Answer: ### Response: Clarence G. Badger

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Wonder Woman (2017 film) Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot, Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya. "Wonder Woman" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's "". Jenkins's role as director makes her the first female director of a studio superhero comic book live-action theatrical release film. The film tells the story of Princess Diana, who grows up on the Amazon island of Themyscira. After American pilot Steve Trevor crashes offshore of the island and is rescued by her, he tells the Amazons about the ongoing World War. Diana then leaves her home in order to end the conflict, becoming Wonder Woman in the process. ## Long Walk to Never EP All of the songs from the Long Walk To Never EP (and ten others by Jaymay) are featured in the 2010 film "HappyThankYouMorePlease", for which "Never Be Daunted" was shortlisted for the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts & Sciences' Best Original Song Academy Award. "All Souls" was also featured in the 2010 film Barney's Version, and "Long Walk To Never" in 2014's "There's Always Woodstock". ## You Saw My Blinker You Saw My Blinker is the fourth and final single taken from DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince's fourth studio album, "Homebase". The song marks one of only two times that Will Smith has cursed in the lyrics of a song, with the only other instance being "Tell Me Why", a song from Smith's fourth studio album, "Lost and Found". The song tells the story of how The Fresh Prince (Smith) is driving down the highway with his girlfriend, preparing to take her to Palm Springs for weekend break. The story tells of an encounter with an older lady who begins to tailgate him, who Smith describes as "an old bat with glasses so thick she can't stay in her lane." Prince is then involved in an accident with the woman, with the two ending up in court. The woman fakes that she has serious injuries by wearing a neck brace. On the stand, the woman begins to cry, infuriating Prince. He is later restrained by security, who was seen "giving him the finger", is held in contempt of court. It is mentioned that Price is driving a Mustang 5.0, and the older lady is driving a Pinto Coupe. ## Asmaa Asmaa or Asma'a (Arabic: أسماء‎ ‎ ) is a 2011 Egyptian drama film, and is the first such feature film to present AIDS patients sympathetically. Written and directed by Amr Salama, the film tells the history of a woman with HIV who struggles to live under the burden of keeping her HIV status secret, and then the dilemma she faces when offered the opportunity to appear on a television talk show. It is based on a true story of a woman who died from a burst gallbladder after doctors refused to operate on her because she had AIDS. The director, Amr Salama, intended the film to raise awareness about AIDS: in his words, to correct the "misconceptions and lies" about the disease, since more people are dying from the misconceptions than from the lack of treatment. The film is not about AIDS, but rather the battle against social prejudice in Egypt, and about "love, courage, overcoming fear, and fighting for personal rights". ## The Pasha's Daughter The Pasha's Daughter is a 1911 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film focuses on an American named Jack who is traveling in Turkey. He befriends an aged Turk and is arrested as a conspirator against the government. His first attempt to flee the jail failed, but the second succeeds. Jack flees into the courtyard of the Pasha and is hidden from the guards by the Pasha's daughter. Disguised as a woman, Jack makes his escape with her aid, but she refuses his offer to flee with him. A year later, the Pasha's daughter is ushered in and announces that she wants to be his bride. ## The Conspirator The Conspirator is a 2010 American mystery historical drama film directed by Robert Redford based on an original screenplay by James D. Solomon. It is the debut film of the American Film Company. The film tells the story of Mary Surratt, the only female conspirator charged in the Abraham Lincoln assassination and the first woman to be executed by the United States federal government. It stars James McAvoy, Robin Wright, Justin Long, Evan Rachel Wood, Jonathan Groff, Tom Wilkinson, Alexis Bledel, Kevin Kline, John Cullum, Toby Kebbell, and James Badge Dale. ## The Carpet from Bagdad The Carpet from Bagdad is a 1915 American silent adventure film directed by Colin Campbell and based on Harold MacGrath's 1911 eponymous novel. In the story, Horace Wadsworth (played by Guy Oliver), one of a gang of criminals also planning a bank robbery in New York, steals the titular prayer rug from its Baghdad mosque. He sells the carpet to antique dealer George Jones (Wheeler Oakman) to fund the robbery scheme. But the theft places both men and Fortune Chedsoye (Kathlyn Williams), the innocent daughter of another conspirator, in danger from the carpet's guardian. ## Mary Surratt Mary Elizabeth Jenkins Surratt (1820 or May 1823 – July 7, 1865) was an American boarding house owner who was convicted of taking part in the conspiracy to assassinate U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. Sentenced to death, she was hanged and became the first woman executed by the US federal government. She maintained her innocence until her death, and the case against her was and is controversial. Surratt was the mother of John H. Surratt, Jr., who was later tried but was not convicted of involvement in the assassination. ## Conspirator (1949 film) Conspirator is a 1949 British thriller film directed by Victor Saville and starring Robert Taylor and Elizabeth Taylor. Based on the 1948 novel "Conspirator" by Humphrey Slater, the film is about a beautiful eighteen-year-old American woman who meets and falls in love with a British Guards officer who turns out to be a spy for the Soviet Union. After they are married, she discovers his true identity and forces him to choose between his marriage and his ideology. When his Soviet handlers order him to murder his young American wife, he is faced with the ultimate choice. "Conspirator" was made for distribution by MGM. ## Woman of Tekoa The woman of Tekoa is an unnamed figure in the Hebrew Bible. She appears in 2 Samuel 14, after Absalom has been banished following his murder of Amnon. Joab wants David to be reconciled to Absalom, and he sends to Tekoa to find a "wise woman". Joab tells the woman to pretend to be mourning, and she tells a story to David to elicit his sympathy and obtain his favourable judgement. The woman says that her son killed his brother, and now the rest of the family wants to kill him. When David decides that her son should be spared, the Tekoite woman tells him that he should do the same for Absalom. Question: The 2010 film "The Conspirator" tells the story of a woman that died in what year? Answer:

1865

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Wonder Woman (2017 film) Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot, Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya. "Wonder Woman" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's "". Jenkins's role as director makes her the first female director of a studio superhero comic book live-action theatrical release film. The film tells the story of Princess Diana, who grows up on the Amazon island of Themyscira. After American pilot Steve Trevor crashes offshore of the island and is rescued by her, he tells the Amazons about the ongoing World War. Diana then leaves her home in order to end the conflict, becoming Wonder Woman in the process. ## Long Walk to Never EP All of the songs from the Long Walk To Never EP (and ten others by Jaymay) are featured in the 2010 film "HappyThankYouMorePlease", for which "Never Be Daunted" was shortlisted for the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts & Sciences' Best Original Song Academy Award. "All Souls" was also featured in the 2010 film Barney's Version, and "Long Walk To Never" in 2014's "There's Always Woodstock". ## You Saw My Blinker You Saw My Blinker is the fourth and final single taken from DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince's fourth studio album, "Homebase". The song marks one of only two times that Will Smith has cursed in the lyrics of a song, with the only other instance being "Tell Me Why", a song from Smith's fourth studio album, "Lost and Found". The song tells the story of how The Fresh Prince (Smith) is driving down the highway with his girlfriend, preparing to take her to Palm Springs for weekend break. The story tells of an encounter with an older lady who begins to tailgate him, who Smith describes as "an old bat with glasses so thick she can't stay in her lane." Prince is then involved in an accident with the woman, with the two ending up in court. The woman fakes that she has serious injuries by wearing a neck brace. On the stand, the woman begins to cry, infuriating Prince. He is later restrained by security, who was seen "giving him the finger", is held in contempt of court. It is mentioned that Price is driving a Mustang 5.0, and the older lady is driving a Pinto Coupe. ## Asmaa Asmaa or Asma'a (Arabic: أسماء‎ ‎ ) is a 2011 Egyptian drama film, and is the first such feature film to present AIDS patients sympathetically. Written and directed by Amr Salama, the film tells the history of a woman with HIV who struggles to live under the burden of keeping her HIV status secret, and then the dilemma she faces when offered the opportunity to appear on a television talk show. It is based on a true story of a woman who died from a burst gallbladder after doctors refused to operate on her because she had AIDS. The director, Amr Salama, intended the film to raise awareness about AIDS: in his words, to correct the "misconceptions and lies" about the disease, since more people are dying from the misconceptions than from the lack of treatment. The film is not about AIDS, but rather the battle against social prejudice in Egypt, and about "love, courage, overcoming fear, and fighting for personal rights". ## The Pasha's Daughter The Pasha's Daughter is a 1911 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film focuses on an American named Jack who is traveling in Turkey. He befriends an aged Turk and is arrested as a conspirator against the government. His first attempt to flee the jail failed, but the second succeeds. Jack flees into the courtyard of the Pasha and is hidden from the guards by the Pasha's daughter. Disguised as a woman, Jack makes his escape with her aid, but she refuses his offer to flee with him. A year later, the Pasha's daughter is ushered in and announces that she wants to be his bride. ## The Conspirator The Conspirator is a 2010 American mystery historical drama film directed by Robert Redford based on an original screenplay by James D. Solomon. It is the debut film of the American Film Company. The film tells the story of Mary Surratt, the only female conspirator charged in the Abraham Lincoln assassination and the first woman to be executed by the United States federal government. It stars James McAvoy, Robin Wright, Justin Long, Evan Rachel Wood, Jonathan Groff, Tom Wilkinson, Alexis Bledel, Kevin Kline, John Cullum, Toby Kebbell, and James Badge Dale. ## The Carpet from Bagdad The Carpet from Bagdad is a 1915 American silent adventure film directed by Colin Campbell and based on Harold MacGrath's 1911 eponymous novel. In the story, Horace Wadsworth (played by Guy Oliver), one of a gang of criminals also planning a bank robbery in New York, steals the titular prayer rug from its Baghdad mosque. He sells the carpet to antique dealer George Jones (Wheeler Oakman) to fund the robbery scheme. But the theft places both men and Fortune Chedsoye (Kathlyn Williams), the innocent daughter of another conspirator, in danger from the carpet's guardian. ## Mary Surratt Mary Elizabeth Jenkins Surratt (1820 or May 1823 – July 7, 1865) was an American boarding house owner who was convicted of taking part in the conspiracy to assassinate U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. Sentenced to death, she was hanged and became the first woman executed by the US federal government. She maintained her innocence until her death, and the case against her was and is controversial. Surratt was the mother of John H. Surratt, Jr., who was later tried but was not convicted of involvement in the assassination. ## Conspirator (1949 film) Conspirator is a 1949 British thriller film directed by Victor Saville and starring Robert Taylor and Elizabeth Taylor. Based on the 1948 novel "Conspirator" by Humphrey Slater, the film is about a beautiful eighteen-year-old American woman who meets and falls in love with a British Guards officer who turns out to be a spy for the Soviet Union. After they are married, she discovers his true identity and forces him to choose between his marriage and his ideology. When his Soviet handlers order him to murder his young American wife, he is faced with the ultimate choice. "Conspirator" was made for distribution by MGM. ## Woman of Tekoa The woman of Tekoa is an unnamed figure in the Hebrew Bible. She appears in 2 Samuel 14, after Absalom has been banished following his murder of Amnon. Joab wants David to be reconciled to Absalom, and he sends to Tekoa to find a "wise woman". Joab tells the woman to pretend to be mourning, and she tells a story to David to elicit his sympathy and obtain his favourable judgement. The woman says that her son killed his brother, and now the rest of the family wants to kill him. When David decides that her son should be spared, the Tekoite woman tells him that he should do the same for Absalom. Question: The 2010 film "The Conspirator" tells the story of a woman that died in what year? Answer: ### Response: 1865

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Celtic Thunder: Storm Celtic Thunder: Storm is the title of both a CD album and DVD that was released on 20 September 2011 by the musical group Celtic Thunder. This article relates mostly to the DVD, which is worthy of mention because unlike Celtic Thunder's other DVDs, which are filmed versions of their touring concerts, "Storm" is a full theatrical production. ## Damian McGinty Damian Joseph McGinty Jr. (born 9 September 1992) is an actor and singer from Derry, Northern Ireland. McGinty has been performing for over a decade, and was a member of the group Celtic Thunder for four years starting when he was fourteen. On 21 August 2011, McGinty won the Oxygen reality show "The Glee Project", earning him a seven-episode guest-starring role on the hit Fox television show "Glee" which was later extended to 18 episodes. ## Daniel Furlong Daniel Furlong is an Irish singer. He is most notable for winning the third series of "The All Ireland Talent Show". He was also the first wildcard to win the show and the first to win for The East. He has been a member of the Irish band Celtic Thunder. ## Bernie Plays Rory Bernie Plays Rory is an album by former Whitesnake guitar player Bernie Marsden, released in 2009. ## Rory Flanagan Rory Flanagan is a recurring fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series "Glee". The character is portrayed by actor Damian McGinty, and appeared in "Glee" starting with its third season episode "Pot o' Gold", first broadcast on November 1, 2011. Rory is an exchange student from Ireland who arrives as a sophomore, and is living at the home of Brittany Pierce (Heather Morris) while studying at McKinley High. He joins the McKinley glee club, New Directions, in his first episode. ## Colm Keegan Colm Keegan (born 2 August 1989) is a singer, songwriter and teacher from Dublin, Ireland. He is currently a principal singer with Irish music group, Celtic Thunder, and has previously performed with the likes of Celtic Woman, The Priests, and Irish tenor Peter Corry. He released his first solo album "I'll Never Be Alone" in the fall of 2016. ## Celtic Thunder Celtic Thunder is an Irish singing group and stage show known for its eclectic, theatrical style show. The group is backed by the Celtic Thunder Band on their concert tours, and their live shows are known for the use of dramatic set pieces (often invoking symbols of ancient Celtic mythology), visual effects, and highly choreographed staging. ## Deirdre Shannon Deirdre Gilsenan is an Irish singer who has toured with a variety of Celtic music groups, such as Anúna, Celtic Thunder and Celtic Woman. She is better known by the stage name Deirdre Shannon. ## Pot o' Gold (Glee) "Pot o' Gold" is the fourth episode of the third season of the American musical television series "Glee", and the forty-eighth overall. It was written by Ali Adler, directed by Adam Shankman, and was first broadcast on Fox in the United States on November 1, 2011. The episode featured the arrival of Irish foreign exchange student Rory Flanagan ("Glee Project" prizewinner Damian McGinty) at McKinley High, a new challenger to Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch) in her congressional race, and the ongoing fragmentation of the show's central glee club, New Directions. ## Celtic Thunder (United States) Celtic Thunder is a traditional Irish music group founded in the United States in 1977. Question: Who was a member of the group Celtic Thunder and who plays Rory Flanagan on "Glee"? Answer:

Damian McGinty

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Celtic Thunder: Storm Celtic Thunder: Storm is the title of both a CD album and DVD that was released on 20 September 2011 by the musical group Celtic Thunder. This article relates mostly to the DVD, which is worthy of mention because unlike Celtic Thunder's other DVDs, which are filmed versions of their touring concerts, "Storm" is a full theatrical production. ## Damian McGinty Damian Joseph McGinty Jr. (born 9 September 1992) is an actor and singer from Derry, Northern Ireland. McGinty has been performing for over a decade, and was a member of the group Celtic Thunder for four years starting when he was fourteen. On 21 August 2011, McGinty won the Oxygen reality show "The Glee Project", earning him a seven-episode guest-starring role on the hit Fox television show "Glee" which was later extended to 18 episodes. ## Daniel Furlong Daniel Furlong is an Irish singer. He is most notable for winning the third series of "The All Ireland Talent Show". He was also the first wildcard to win the show and the first to win for The East. He has been a member of the Irish band Celtic Thunder. ## Bernie Plays Rory Bernie Plays Rory is an album by former Whitesnake guitar player Bernie Marsden, released in 2009. ## Rory Flanagan Rory Flanagan is a recurring fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series "Glee". The character is portrayed by actor Damian McGinty, and appeared in "Glee" starting with its third season episode "Pot o' Gold", first broadcast on November 1, 2011. Rory is an exchange student from Ireland who arrives as a sophomore, and is living at the home of Brittany Pierce (Heather Morris) while studying at McKinley High. He joins the McKinley glee club, New Directions, in his first episode. ## Colm Keegan Colm Keegan (born 2 August 1989) is a singer, songwriter and teacher from Dublin, Ireland. He is currently a principal singer with Irish music group, Celtic Thunder, and has previously performed with the likes of Celtic Woman, The Priests, and Irish tenor Peter Corry. He released his first solo album "I'll Never Be Alone" in the fall of 2016. ## Celtic Thunder Celtic Thunder is an Irish singing group and stage show known for its eclectic, theatrical style show. The group is backed by the Celtic Thunder Band on their concert tours, and their live shows are known for the use of dramatic set pieces (often invoking symbols of ancient Celtic mythology), visual effects, and highly choreographed staging. ## Deirdre Shannon Deirdre Gilsenan is an Irish singer who has toured with a variety of Celtic music groups, such as Anúna, Celtic Thunder and Celtic Woman. She is better known by the stage name Deirdre Shannon. ## Pot o' Gold (Glee) "Pot o' Gold" is the fourth episode of the third season of the American musical television series "Glee", and the forty-eighth overall. It was written by Ali Adler, directed by Adam Shankman, and was first broadcast on Fox in the United States on November 1, 2011. The episode featured the arrival of Irish foreign exchange student Rory Flanagan ("Glee Project" prizewinner Damian McGinty) at McKinley High, a new challenger to Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch) in her congressional race, and the ongoing fragmentation of the show's central glee club, New Directions. ## Celtic Thunder (United States) Celtic Thunder is a traditional Irish music group founded in the United States in 1977. Question: Who was a member of the group Celtic Thunder and who plays Rory Flanagan on "Glee"? Answer: ### Response: Damian McGinty

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Nanhai District Nanhai District, is a district of Foshan, Guangdong, China. Its government is the first to have developed e-government informatization at the county level in China. ## CCTV Nanhai Studio The CCTV Nanhai Studio () is a famous set of film studio in Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, China. ## Nangui Lu Station Nangui Lu Station () is a metro station on the Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and will be an interchange station between the Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and FMetro Line 6. It is located under the junction of Guilan Road (桂澜路 ), Nangui East Road (南桂东路 ) and Guiping Road (桂平路 ) in Guicheng Subdistrict (桂城街道 ) in the Nanhai District of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China. The station is situated in the commercial area of the Nanhai District and was completed on 3November 2010. ## Nanhai Guanyin Temple Nanhai Guanyin Temple () is a Buddhist temple located at the foot of Niugugang (), in Nanhai District of Foshan, Guangdong, China. ## Longjiang, Foshan Longjiang () is a town in west-central Guangdong province, Southern China. It is under the administration of Shunde District, Foshan City, which lies 15 km to the north-northeast. Bordering towns are Leliu (勒流镇) to the east, Xingtan (杏坛镇) to the south, Lecong (乐从镇) to the north, and Jiujiang of Nanhai District to the west. ## Botou Botou () is a county-level city in Hebei province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Cangzhou prefecture-level city. ## Nanhai Experimental High School Nanhai Experimental High School, the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University (; French: Lycée Expérimental de Nanhai, École secondaire affiliée à l'Université Normale de la Chine du Sud) is a campus in Nanhai District of the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University. It is a Chinese public School located in the Nanhai District of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China. There is some evidence that there has been a school founded by Andrew Patton Happer on the site since 1888, but the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University of today was officially founded by the Chinese government in 1952. ## Guicheng Subdistrict, Foshan Guicheng Subdistrict () is a subdistrict of the Nanhai District Foshan, Guangdong, China covering an area of 84.16 km2 . The subdistrict has a registered population of 186,000 and floating population of 280,000 and is the location of the Nanhai District Government, as well as being the political, economic and cultural centre of Nanhai. ## Kwong Wui Chun Kwong Wui Chun (born c. 1955) is a Hong Kong aluminum businessman. He is the chairman and founder of Asia Aluminum Group, and chairman of the Guangdong Nanhai Non-ferrous Metals Association. He was born in Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, and moved to Hong Kong in the 1960s or 1970s. In 1981 he began buying scrap aluminum in the United States, Japan, and the Middle East, and importing it for resale in Hong Kong and for further processing in Guangzhou. He founded the Asia Aluminum Group in 1992, and shepherded the company through its listing on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong in 1998. In 2003 he was reported to be the 148th-richest person in China. ## Guicheng Station Guicheng Station () is a metro station of Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and will be an interchange station between Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and FMetro Line 3. It is located at the underground of the junction of Nanhai Dadao () and Nangui Lu () in Guicheng Street (), Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, China. The station is situated at the central business district of Nanhai District, near the headquarters of Nanhai municipal government. It started construction in 2007 and was completed on 3 November 2010. Question: Is Botou or Nanhai District a province? Answer:

Botou

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Nanhai District Nanhai District, is a district of Foshan, Guangdong, China. Its government is the first to have developed e-government informatization at the county level in China. ## CCTV Nanhai Studio The CCTV Nanhai Studio () is a famous set of film studio in Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, China. ## Nangui Lu Station Nangui Lu Station () is a metro station on the Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and will be an interchange station between the Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and FMetro Line 6. It is located under the junction of Guilan Road (桂澜路 ), Nangui East Road (南桂东路 ) and Guiping Road (桂平路 ) in Guicheng Subdistrict (桂城街道 ) in the Nanhai District of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China. The station is situated in the commercial area of the Nanhai District and was completed on 3November 2010. ## Nanhai Guanyin Temple Nanhai Guanyin Temple () is a Buddhist temple located at the foot of Niugugang (), in Nanhai District of Foshan, Guangdong, China. ## Longjiang, Foshan Longjiang () is a town in west-central Guangdong province, Southern China. It is under the administration of Shunde District, Foshan City, which lies 15 km to the north-northeast. Bordering towns are Leliu (勒流镇) to the east, Xingtan (杏坛镇) to the south, Lecong (乐从镇) to the north, and Jiujiang of Nanhai District to the west. ## Botou Botou () is a county-level city in Hebei province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Cangzhou prefecture-level city. ## Nanhai Experimental High School Nanhai Experimental High School, the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University (; French: Lycée Expérimental de Nanhai, École secondaire affiliée à l'Université Normale de la Chine du Sud) is a campus in Nanhai District of the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University. It is a Chinese public School located in the Nanhai District of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China. There is some evidence that there has been a school founded by Andrew Patton Happer on the site since 1888, but the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University of today was officially founded by the Chinese government in 1952. ## Guicheng Subdistrict, Foshan Guicheng Subdistrict () is a subdistrict of the Nanhai District Foshan, Guangdong, China covering an area of 84.16 km2 . The subdistrict has a registered population of 186,000 and floating population of 280,000 and is the location of the Nanhai District Government, as well as being the political, economic and cultural centre of Nanhai. ## Kwong Wui Chun Kwong Wui Chun (born c. 1955) is a Hong Kong aluminum businessman. He is the chairman and founder of Asia Aluminum Group, and chairman of the Guangdong Nanhai Non-ferrous Metals Association. He was born in Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, and moved to Hong Kong in the 1960s or 1970s. In 1981 he began buying scrap aluminum in the United States, Japan, and the Middle East, and importing it for resale in Hong Kong and for further processing in Guangzhou. He founded the Asia Aluminum Group in 1992, and shepherded the company through its listing on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong in 1998. In 2003 he was reported to be the 148th-richest person in China. ## Guicheng Station Guicheng Station () is a metro station of Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and will be an interchange station between Guangfo Line (FMetro Line 1) and FMetro Line 3. It is located at the underground of the junction of Nanhai Dadao () and Nangui Lu () in Guicheng Street (), Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, China. The station is situated at the central business district of Nanhai District, near the headquarters of Nanhai municipal government. It started construction in 2007 and was completed on 3 November 2010. Question: Is Botou or Nanhai District a province? Answer: ### Response: Botou

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Ramón del Valle-Inclán Ramón María del Valle-Inclán y de la Peña (in Vilanova de Arousa, Galicia, Spain, 28 October 1866 – Santiago de Compostela, 5 January 1936) was a Spanish dramatist, novelist and member of the Spanish Generation of 98. He is considered perhaps the most noteworthy and certainly the most radical dramatist working to subvert the traditionalism of the Spanish theatrical establishment in the early part of the 20th century. His drama is made all the more important by its influence on later generations of Spanish dramatists. ## Bohemian Lights Bohemian Lights, or "Luces de Bohemia" in the original Spanish, is a play written by Ramón del Valle-Inclán, published in 1924. The central character is Max Estrella, a struggling poet afflicted by blindness. The play is a degenerated tragedy ("esperpento") focusing on the troubles of the literary and artistic world in Spain under the Restoration. Through Max's poverty, ill fortune and eventual death, Valle-Inclán portrays how society neglects the creative. ## Allegra Goodman Allegra Goodman (born 1967) is an American author based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Her most recent novel, "The Chalk Artist", was published in 2017. Goodman wrote and illustrated her first novel at the age of seven. ## Intuition (novel) Intuition is a 2006 critically acclaimed novel written by Allegra Goodman. The plot centers on the happenings at the Philpott Institute, a cancer research lab in desperate need of funding. Controversy engulfs the lab when Cliff Bannaker, a youthful postdoc student, appears to fabricate results to an experiment. ## Esperpento Esperpento denotes a literary style in Spanish literature first established by Spanish author Ramón María del Valle-Inclán that uses distorted descriptions of reality in order to criticize society. Leading themes include death, the grotesque, and the reduction of human beings to objects (reification). The style is marked by bitter irony. In Latin America, the author most well known for using esperpento is Mexican author Jorge Ibargüengoitia. ## The Family Markowitz The Family Markowitz is a 1996 novel, made up of a series of linked short stories written by Allegra Goodman. ## Divinas palabras (1977 film) Divinas palabras (English: "Divine Words") is a 1977 Mexican film directed by Juan Ibáñez and starring Silvia Pinal and Mario Almada. The film is based on the play of the same name by Spanish author Ramón del Valle-Inclán. ## Kaaterskill Falls (novel) Kaaterskill Falls is a 1998 novel by Allegra Goodman, set in a small Catskill Mountains, New York, USA, community of predominantly Orthodox Jews during summers in the mid-1970s. The location is based on the town of Tannersville, NY where Goodman spent summers with her family. Like its fictional counterpart, Tannersville at the time was a summer home for the German Jews of Washington Heights, Manhattan. ## El marqués de Bradomín. Coloquios románticos El marqués de Bradomín. Coloquios románticos (The Marquis of Bradomin. Romantic meetings), is a play by the Spanish writer Ramón del Valle-Inclán. It was first performed in 1906. ## Premio Valle-Inclán The Premio Valle-Inclán is a literary translation prize. It is awarded by the Society of Authors (London) for the best English translation of a work of Spanish literature. It is named after Ramón del Valle-Inclán. The prize money is GBP 2000. Question: Which writer was born second, Ramón del Valle-Inclán or Allegra Goodman? Answer:

Allegra Goodman

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Ramón del Valle-Inclán Ramón María del Valle-Inclán y de la Peña (in Vilanova de Arousa, Galicia, Spain, 28 October 1866 – Santiago de Compostela, 5 January 1936) was a Spanish dramatist, novelist and member of the Spanish Generation of 98. He is considered perhaps the most noteworthy and certainly the most radical dramatist working to subvert the traditionalism of the Spanish theatrical establishment in the early part of the 20th century. His drama is made all the more important by its influence on later generations of Spanish dramatists. ## Bohemian Lights Bohemian Lights, or "Luces de Bohemia" in the original Spanish, is a play written by Ramón del Valle-Inclán, published in 1924. The central character is Max Estrella, a struggling poet afflicted by blindness. The play is a degenerated tragedy ("esperpento") focusing on the troubles of the literary and artistic world in Spain under the Restoration. Through Max's poverty, ill fortune and eventual death, Valle-Inclán portrays how society neglects the creative. ## Allegra Goodman Allegra Goodman (born 1967) is an American author based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Her most recent novel, "The Chalk Artist", was published in 2017. Goodman wrote and illustrated her first novel at the age of seven. ## Intuition (novel) Intuition is a 2006 critically acclaimed novel written by Allegra Goodman. The plot centers on the happenings at the Philpott Institute, a cancer research lab in desperate need of funding. Controversy engulfs the lab when Cliff Bannaker, a youthful postdoc student, appears to fabricate results to an experiment. ## Esperpento Esperpento denotes a literary style in Spanish literature first established by Spanish author Ramón María del Valle-Inclán that uses distorted descriptions of reality in order to criticize society. Leading themes include death, the grotesque, and the reduction of human beings to objects (reification). The style is marked by bitter irony. In Latin America, the author most well known for using esperpento is Mexican author Jorge Ibargüengoitia. ## The Family Markowitz The Family Markowitz is a 1996 novel, made up of a series of linked short stories written by Allegra Goodman. ## Divinas palabras (1977 film) Divinas palabras (English: "Divine Words") is a 1977 Mexican film directed by Juan Ibáñez and starring Silvia Pinal and Mario Almada. The film is based on the play of the same name by Spanish author Ramón del Valle-Inclán. ## Kaaterskill Falls (novel) Kaaterskill Falls is a 1998 novel by Allegra Goodman, set in a small Catskill Mountains, New York, USA, community of predominantly Orthodox Jews during summers in the mid-1970s. The location is based on the town of Tannersville, NY where Goodman spent summers with her family. Like its fictional counterpart, Tannersville at the time was a summer home for the German Jews of Washington Heights, Manhattan. ## El marqués de Bradomín. Coloquios románticos El marqués de Bradomín. Coloquios románticos (The Marquis of Bradomin. Romantic meetings), is a play by the Spanish writer Ramón del Valle-Inclán. It was first performed in 1906. ## Premio Valle-Inclán The Premio Valle-Inclán is a literary translation prize. It is awarded by the Society of Authors (London) for the best English translation of a work of Spanish literature. It is named after Ramón del Valle-Inclán. The prize money is GBP 2000. Question: Which writer was born second, Ramón del Valle-Inclán or Allegra Goodman? Answer: ### Response: Allegra Goodman

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Eleanor Worthington Cox Eleanor Worthington Cox (born 21 June 2001) is a British child actress from Merseyside most known for portraying Matilda Wormwood in "Matilda the Musical" for which she won a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress, and Janet Hodgson in "The Enfield Haunting", for which she received a British Academy Television Award nomination. Worthington Cox is the youngest recipient of an Olivier Award at the age of 10. ## Stephen Mear Stephen Mear (born 1964) is an English dancer and choreographer best known for his award-winning work in musical theatre. In 2005, Mear and co-choreographer Matthew Bourne won the Laurence Olivier Award for "Best Choreography", for their work on the new West End musical "Mary Poppins". This production later transferred to Broadway in 2006, being nominated for the Tony Award for "Best Choreography" in 2007. Most recently, Mear choreographed the new Broadway musical of Disney's "The Little Mermaid" (2007–08). In recognition of his achievements, in 2007 Mear was the recipient of a Carl Alan Award, an award voted for by leading dance organisations in the United Kingdom. In 2010, Stephen Mear won a Laurence Olivier Award for best Theatre Choreographer for his work on Hello Dolly at the Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park, he was also a choreographer for "So You Think You Can Dance (UK)", in the category broadway. ## Secrets (1973 play) Secrets is a 1973 BBC Television play by Michael Palin and Terry Jones of one-hour duration, starring Warren Mitchell as the owner of a chocolate factory. The play was part of a series called "Black and Blue", which featured black and blue (saucy) comedy. ## Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and, renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier. ## The Priory (play) The Priory is a play by Michael Wynne that opened at the downstairs theatre of the Royal Court Theatre in London in 2009. The production starred Jessica Hynes, Rupert Penry-Jones, Charlotte Riley, Alastair Mackenzie, Joseph Millson and Rachael Stirling. After receiving good reviews, its run was extended. Michael Wynne won the Olivier Award for 'Best New Comedy' for "The Priory". Stirling was nominated for a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role for her role as Rebecca. ## Warren Mitchell Warren Mitchell (born Warren Misell; 14 January 1926 – 14 November 2015) was an English actor. He was a BAFTA TV Award winner and twice a Laurence Olivier Award winner. ## Goodnight Mister Tom (play) Goodnight Mister Tom is a play by David Wood, based on the children's novel of the same name by Michelle Magorian. The play earned the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Entertainment at the 2013 Laurence Olivier Awards. ## Ken Stott Kenneth Campbell "Ken" Stott (born 19 October 1954) is a Scottish stage, television and film actor who won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in 1995 in the play "Broken Glass" at Royal National Theatre. He is more recently known for his role as the dwarf Balin in "The Hobbit" film trilogy (2012–2014), and as Ian Garrett in the 2014 BBC TV mini-series "The Missing" starring alongside James Nesbitt. His many notable roles in UK television include the role of Edward 'Eddie' McKenna in the Scottish BBC miniseries "Takin' Over The Asylum" (1994) co-starring with a young David Tennant, the title character DI John Rebus in the crime fiction-mystery series "Rebus" (2000–2007) and also as DCI Red Metcalfe in "Messiah" (2001–2008). ## Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Laurence Olivier. ## Sheila Hancock Sheila Cameron Hancock, CBE (born 22 February 1933) is an English actress and author. Hancock trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art before starting her career in repertory theatre. Hancock went on to perform in plays and musicals in London, and her Broadway debut in "Entertaining Mr Sloane." (1966) earned her a Tony Award nomination for Best Lead Actress in Play. She won a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical for her role in "Cabaret" (2007) and was nominated at the Laurence Olivier Awards four other times for her work in "" (1980), "The Winter's Tale" (1982), "Prin" (1989) and "Sister Act" (2010). Question: How many times has the star of the BBC play "Secrets" won the Laurence Olivier award? Answer:

twice

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Eleanor Worthington Cox Eleanor Worthington Cox (born 21 June 2001) is a British child actress from Merseyside most known for portraying Matilda Wormwood in "Matilda the Musical" for which she won a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress, and Janet Hodgson in "The Enfield Haunting", for which she received a British Academy Television Award nomination. Worthington Cox is the youngest recipient of an Olivier Award at the age of 10. ## Stephen Mear Stephen Mear (born 1964) is an English dancer and choreographer best known for his award-winning work in musical theatre. In 2005, Mear and co-choreographer Matthew Bourne won the Laurence Olivier Award for "Best Choreography", for their work on the new West End musical "Mary Poppins". This production later transferred to Broadway in 2006, being nominated for the Tony Award for "Best Choreography" in 2007. Most recently, Mear choreographed the new Broadway musical of Disney's "The Little Mermaid" (2007–08). In recognition of his achievements, in 2007 Mear was the recipient of a Carl Alan Award, an award voted for by leading dance organisations in the United Kingdom. In 2010, Stephen Mear won a Laurence Olivier Award for best Theatre Choreographer for his work on Hello Dolly at the Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park, he was also a choreographer for "So You Think You Can Dance (UK)", in the category broadway. ## Secrets (1973 play) Secrets is a 1973 BBC Television play by Michael Palin and Terry Jones of one-hour duration, starring Warren Mitchell as the owner of a chocolate factory. The play was part of a series called "Black and Blue", which featured black and blue (saucy) comedy. ## Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and, renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier. ## The Priory (play) The Priory is a play by Michael Wynne that opened at the downstairs theatre of the Royal Court Theatre in London in 2009. The production starred Jessica Hynes, Rupert Penry-Jones, Charlotte Riley, Alastair Mackenzie, Joseph Millson and Rachael Stirling. After receiving good reviews, its run was extended. Michael Wynne won the Olivier Award for 'Best New Comedy' for "The Priory". Stirling was nominated for a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role for her role as Rebecca. ## Warren Mitchell Warren Mitchell (born Warren Misell; 14 January 1926 – 14 November 2015) was an English actor. He was a BAFTA TV Award winner and twice a Laurence Olivier Award winner. ## Goodnight Mister Tom (play) Goodnight Mister Tom is a play by David Wood, based on the children's novel of the same name by Michelle Magorian. The play earned the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Entertainment at the 2013 Laurence Olivier Awards. ## Ken Stott Kenneth Campbell "Ken" Stott (born 19 October 1954) is a Scottish stage, television and film actor who won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in 1995 in the play "Broken Glass" at Royal National Theatre. He is more recently known for his role as the dwarf Balin in "The Hobbit" film trilogy (2012–2014), and as Ian Garrett in the 2014 BBC TV mini-series "The Missing" starring alongside James Nesbitt. His many notable roles in UK television include the role of Edward 'Eddie' McKenna in the Scottish BBC miniseries "Takin' Over The Asylum" (1994) co-starring with a young David Tennant, the title character DI John Rebus in the crime fiction-mystery series "Rebus" (2000–2007) and also as DCI Red Metcalfe in "Messiah" (2001–2008). ## Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Laurence Olivier. ## Sheila Hancock Sheila Cameron Hancock, CBE (born 22 February 1933) is an English actress and author. Hancock trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art before starting her career in repertory theatre. Hancock went on to perform in plays and musicals in London, and her Broadway debut in "Entertaining Mr Sloane." (1966) earned her a Tony Award nomination for Best Lead Actress in Play. She won a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical for her role in "Cabaret" (2007) and was nominated at the Laurence Olivier Awards four other times for her work in "" (1980), "The Winter's Tale" (1982), "Prin" (1989) and "Sister Act" (2010). Question: How many times has the star of the BBC play "Secrets" won the Laurence Olivier award? Answer: ### Response: twice

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Börje Jansson Börje Jansson (born November 10, 1942 ) was a former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Sweden. His best years were in 1971 and 1972, when he finished third in the 125cc world championship riding for the Maico factory racing team. He won the 1972 125cc East German Grand Prix, marking the first Grand Prix road racing victory for the German motorcycle manufacturer. Jansson won four Grand Prix races in his career. Jansson is the only rider in history to win a Grand Prix riding the Derbi 250 twin (1972 Austrian Grand Prix at the Salzburgring), out of only two races with the Spanish machine. ## 1923 Grand Prix season The 1923 Grand Prix season saw Grand Prix motor racing in Europe. For the first time, the Indianapolis 500 was also designated a Grand Épreuve by the International Sporting Commission of the AIACR. The French Grand Prix was held in Tours. The Italian Grand Prix (which was also the European Grand Prix) was held at Monza. Spain entered the Grand Prix circus with the Spanish Grand Prix at Sitges-Terramar and the first San Sebastián Grand Prix at Lasarte. ## Rubens Barrichello Rubens "Rubinho" Gonçalves Barrichello (] , ] , born 23 May 1972) is a Brazilian racing driver who competed in Formula One between and , scoring 11 Grands Prix wins and 68 podiums. ## 2001 San Marino Grand Prix The 2001 San Marino Grand Prix (formally the XXI Gran Premio Warsteiner di San Marino) was a Formula One motor race held at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari, Imola, Emilia-Romagna, Italy on 15 April 2001. It was the fourth race of the 2001 Formula One season. The 62-lap race was won by Ralf Schumacher driving a Williams-BMW after starting from third position. David Coulthard, who started the Grand Prix from pole position, finished second in a McLaren-Mercedes, while Rubens Barrichello finished third in a Ferrari. Schumacher's win was the first of his Formula One career and the first for Williams since Jacques Villeneuve won the 1997 Luxembourg Grand Prix. The race also represented the first win for French tyre manufacturer Michelin in Formula One since the 1984 Portuguese Grand Prix and the first race since the 1998 Italian Grand Prix not won by Bridgestone. ## 1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season The 1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the third F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship Grand Prix season. The season consisted of eight Grand Prix races in five classes: 500cc, 350cc, 250cc, 125cc and Sidecars 500cc. It began on 8 April, with Spanish Grand Prix and ended with Nations Grand Prix on 9 September. ## 2001 FIA Formula One World Championship The 2001 FIA Formula One World Championship was the 55th season of FIA Formula One racing. It featured the FIA Formula One World Championship which commenced on 4 March 2001 and ended on 14 October after seventeen races. Michael Schumacher won the Drivers' title with a record margin of 58 points, after achieving nine victories and five second places and Ferrari won the Constructors' award. The season marked the reintroduction of traction control, with the FIA permitting its use starting at the Spanish Grand Prix. Traction control had been banned since . Schumacher also broke the all-time Formula One Grand Prix wins record during the season, his victory at the Belgian Grand Prix marking his 52nd career win. ## 2012 European Grand Prix The 2012 European Grand Prix (formally, the 2012 Formula 1 Grand Prix of Europe) was a Formula One motor race that was held at the Valencia Street Circuit in Valencia, Spain on 24 June 2012. It was the eighth round of the 2012 championship season, and the final time the circuit hosted the European Grand Prix. It was Fernando Alonso's second Grand Prix win in Spain after the 2006 Spanish Grand Prix held at Barcelona. Michael Schumacher finished third at the age of 43 years and 173 days, the oldest to climb to the podium since Jack Brabham's second-place finish at the 1970 British Grand Prix. It was Schumacher's best result since his comeback in 2010 and the final podium finish of his Formula One career. ## 1990 Spanish Grand Prix The 1990 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 30 September 1990 at Jerez. It was the 31st Spanish Grand Prix and the fifth and last time the Grand Prix was held at the Jerez circuit before moving to a new larger facility near Barcelona in Catalunya, though it was not the last time Formula One raced here; F1 returned twice in the 1990s for a race titled the European Grand Prix. ## Hideo Kanaya Hideo Kanaya (Shinjitai: 金谷 秀夫 , Hideo Kanaya , February 3, 1945 – December 19, 2013) was a Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Japan. Kanaya began his Grand Prix career in 1967 and won his first Grand Prix at the 1972 250cc German Grand Prix. In 1972, Kanaya and Jarno Saarinen raced the first four-cylinder, two-stroke Yamaha TZ 500 in the 500cc world championship. After Saarinen's death in the 250cc race at the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, the TZ 500 project was put aside and Kanaya raced only in the 250cc class. Kanaya's best season was in 1975, when he finished third in the 500cc world championship behind his Yamaha team-mate, Giacomo Agostini and MV Agusta's Phil Read. He also won the Macau Grand Prix in 1975. ## 2000 Spanish Grand Prix The 2000 Spanish Grand Prix (formally the XLII Gran Premio Marlboro de España) was a Formula One motor race held on 7 May 2000 at the Circuit de Catalunya, Montmeló, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was the fifth round of the 2000 Formula One season and the 42nd Spanish Grand Prix. The 65-lap race was won by McLaren driver Mika Häkkinen who started from the second position. His teammate David Coulthard finished second and Rubens Barrichello finished third in a Ferrari. Question: How many Grand Prix wins did the driver who finished third in the 2000 Spanish Grand Prix achieve ? Answer:

11

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Börje Jansson Börje Jansson (born November 10, 1942 ) was a former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Sweden. His best years were in 1971 and 1972, when he finished third in the 125cc world championship riding for the Maico factory racing team. He won the 1972 125cc East German Grand Prix, marking the first Grand Prix road racing victory for the German motorcycle manufacturer. Jansson won four Grand Prix races in his career. Jansson is the only rider in history to win a Grand Prix riding the Derbi 250 twin (1972 Austrian Grand Prix at the Salzburgring), out of only two races with the Spanish machine. ## 1923 Grand Prix season The 1923 Grand Prix season saw Grand Prix motor racing in Europe. For the first time, the Indianapolis 500 was also designated a Grand Épreuve by the International Sporting Commission of the AIACR. The French Grand Prix was held in Tours. The Italian Grand Prix (which was also the European Grand Prix) was held at Monza. Spain entered the Grand Prix circus with the Spanish Grand Prix at Sitges-Terramar and the first San Sebastián Grand Prix at Lasarte. ## Rubens Barrichello Rubens "Rubinho" Gonçalves Barrichello (] , ] , born 23 May 1972) is a Brazilian racing driver who competed in Formula One between and , scoring 11 Grands Prix wins and 68 podiums. ## 2001 San Marino Grand Prix The 2001 San Marino Grand Prix (formally the XXI Gran Premio Warsteiner di San Marino) was a Formula One motor race held at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari, Imola, Emilia-Romagna, Italy on 15 April 2001. It was the fourth race of the 2001 Formula One season. The 62-lap race was won by Ralf Schumacher driving a Williams-BMW after starting from third position. David Coulthard, who started the Grand Prix from pole position, finished second in a McLaren-Mercedes, while Rubens Barrichello finished third in a Ferrari. Schumacher's win was the first of his Formula One career and the first for Williams since Jacques Villeneuve won the 1997 Luxembourg Grand Prix. The race also represented the first win for French tyre manufacturer Michelin in Formula One since the 1984 Portuguese Grand Prix and the first race since the 1998 Italian Grand Prix not won by Bridgestone. ## 1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season The 1951 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season was the third F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship Grand Prix season. The season consisted of eight Grand Prix races in five classes: 500cc, 350cc, 250cc, 125cc and Sidecars 500cc. It began on 8 April, with Spanish Grand Prix and ended with Nations Grand Prix on 9 September. ## 2001 FIA Formula One World Championship The 2001 FIA Formula One World Championship was the 55th season of FIA Formula One racing. It featured the FIA Formula One World Championship which commenced on 4 March 2001 and ended on 14 October after seventeen races. Michael Schumacher won the Drivers' title with a record margin of 58 points, after achieving nine victories and five second places and Ferrari won the Constructors' award. The season marked the reintroduction of traction control, with the FIA permitting its use starting at the Spanish Grand Prix. Traction control had been banned since . Schumacher also broke the all-time Formula One Grand Prix wins record during the season, his victory at the Belgian Grand Prix marking his 52nd career win. ## 2012 European Grand Prix The 2012 European Grand Prix (formally, the 2012 Formula 1 Grand Prix of Europe) was a Formula One motor race that was held at the Valencia Street Circuit in Valencia, Spain on 24 June 2012. It was the eighth round of the 2012 championship season, and the final time the circuit hosted the European Grand Prix. It was Fernando Alonso's second Grand Prix win in Spain after the 2006 Spanish Grand Prix held at Barcelona. Michael Schumacher finished third at the age of 43 years and 173 days, the oldest to climb to the podium since Jack Brabham's second-place finish at the 1970 British Grand Prix. It was Schumacher's best result since his comeback in 2010 and the final podium finish of his Formula One career. ## 1990 Spanish Grand Prix The 1990 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 30 September 1990 at Jerez. It was the 31st Spanish Grand Prix and the fifth and last time the Grand Prix was held at the Jerez circuit before moving to a new larger facility near Barcelona in Catalunya, though it was not the last time Formula One raced here; F1 returned twice in the 1990s for a race titled the European Grand Prix. ## Hideo Kanaya Hideo Kanaya (Shinjitai: 金谷 秀夫 , Hideo Kanaya , February 3, 1945 – December 19, 2013) was a Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Japan. Kanaya began his Grand Prix career in 1967 and won his first Grand Prix at the 1972 250cc German Grand Prix. In 1972, Kanaya and Jarno Saarinen raced the first four-cylinder, two-stroke Yamaha TZ 500 in the 500cc world championship. After Saarinen's death in the 250cc race at the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, the TZ 500 project was put aside and Kanaya raced only in the 250cc class. Kanaya's best season was in 1975, when he finished third in the 500cc world championship behind his Yamaha team-mate, Giacomo Agostini and MV Agusta's Phil Read. He also won the Macau Grand Prix in 1975. ## 2000 Spanish Grand Prix The 2000 Spanish Grand Prix (formally the XLII Gran Premio Marlboro de España) was a Formula One motor race held on 7 May 2000 at the Circuit de Catalunya, Montmeló, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was the fifth round of the 2000 Formula One season and the 42nd Spanish Grand Prix. The 65-lap race was won by McLaren driver Mika Häkkinen who started from the second position. His teammate David Coulthard finished second and Rubens Barrichello finished third in a Ferrari. Question: How many Grand Prix wins did the driver who finished third in the 2000 Spanish Grand Prix achieve ? Answer: ### Response: 11

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Silence (1931 film) Silence is a 1931 American Pre-Code crime film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and Max Marcin and written by Max Marcin. The film stars Clive Brook, Marjorie Rambeau, Peggy Shannon, Charles Starrett, Willard Robertson, John Wray and Frank Sheridan. It was released on August 29, 1931, by Paramount Pictures. ## Lionel Barrymore on stage, screen and radio Lionel Barrymore (born Lionel Herbert Blythe; 1878–1954) was an American actor of stage, screen and radio. He also directed several films, wrote scripts, created etchings, sketches and composed music. He was the eldest child of the actors Maurice Barrymore and Georgie Drew Barrymore, and his two siblings were John and Ethel; these and other family members were part of an acting dynasty. Reluctant to follow his parents' career, Barrymore appeared together with his grandmother Louisa Lane Drew in a stage production of "The Rivals" at the age of 15. He soon found success on stage in character roles. Although he took a break from acting in 1906–09 to train in Paris as a painter, he was not successful as an artist and returned to the US and acting. He also joined his family troupe, from 1910, in their vaudeville act. ## A Family Affair (1937 film) A Family Affair is a 1937 American comedy film and the first entry in the sixteen Andy Hardy film series, though Mickey Rooney has a secondary role as the son of Judge Hardy, played by Lionel Barrymore. Lewis Stone and Fay Holden replaced Lionel Barrymore and Spring Byington as Judge and Mrs. Hardy in the subsequent films of the series. ## King of the Jungle (1933 film) King of the Jungle is a 1933 American Pre-Code adventure film directed by H. Bruce Humberstone and Max Marcin and written by Charles Thurley Stoneham, Max Marcin, Fred Niblo, Jr. and Philip Wylie. The film stars Buster Crabbe, Frances Dee, Sidney Toler, Nydia Westman, Robert Barrat, Irving Pichel and Douglass Dumbrille. The film was released on March 10, 1933, by Paramount Pictures. ## Here Comes the Bride (1919 film) Here Comes the Bride is a lost 1919 American silent comedy film produced by Famous Players-Lasky and released by Paramount Pictures. This film is based on the 1917 Broadway play "Here Comes the Bride" by Max Marcin and Roy Atwell. The film was directed by John S. Robertson and stars John Barrymore. ## Lionel Barrymore Lionel Barrymore (born Lionel Herbert Blythe; April 28, 1878 – November 15, 1954) was an American actor of stage, screen and radio as well as a film director. He won an Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in "A Free Soul" (1931), and remains best known to modern audiences for the role of the villainous Mr. Potter character in Frank Capra's 1946 film "It's a Wonderful Life". He is also particularly remembered as Ebenezer Scrooge in annual broadcasts of "A Christmas Carol" during his last two decades. He is also known for playing Dr. Leonard Gillespie in MGM's nine Dr. Kildare films, a role he reprised in a further six films focussing solely on Gillespie and in a radio series entitled "The Story of Dr. Kildare". He was a member of the theatrical Barrymore family. ## The Strange Case of Clara Deane The Strange Case of Clara Deane is a 1932 American Pre-Code drama film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and Max Marcin and written by Max Marcin. The film stars Wynne Gibson, Pat O'Brien, Dudley Digges, Frances Dee, George Barbier, Russell Gleason and Lee Kohlmar. The film was released on May 6, 1932, by Paramount Pictures. ## Max Marcin Max Marcin (5 May 1879 – 30 March 1948) was a Polish screenwriter and film director. He wrote for 47 films between 1916 and 1949. He also directed six films between 1931 and 1936. His stage work includes "See My Lawyer" (1915), directed by Frank M. Stammers; he wrote and/or produced almost 20 plays for Broadway from 1916-38. Marcin wrote for and produced "The FBI in Peace and War" and created, produced and wrote for the "Crime Doctor" radio program, which became the basis for a series of 10 "Crime Doctor" films. ## The Lawyer's Secret The Lawyer's Secret is a 1931 American Pre-Code crime film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and Max Marcin and written by Lloyd Corrigan, James Hilary Finn and Max Marcin. The film stars Clive Brook, Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, Richard Arlen, Fay Wray, Jean Arthur, Francis McDonald and Harold Goodwin. The film was released on June 6, 1931, by Paramount Pictures. ## Marcin Mroczek Marcin Mroczek was born on 18 July 1982 in Siedlce, Poland. He has a twin brother Rafał who is 7 minutes older. At the age of 10, Marcin joined the Modern Dance Team “Caro Dance” in Siedlce. Together with this team, he won multiple Polish and European championships. He says that this was an amazing time in his life: for the very first time, he entered the stage and could meet his audience! When he was 18, Marcin and his brother Rafał won the casting for roles of twin brothers in the most popular Polish TV series - "M jak Miłość". One third of Poland followed the fate of the heroes on weekdays. This success has given Marcin the possibility to appear in numerous programs and television shows. Currently Marcin plays a role in the very popular TV series “L as Love”. Moreover, he started the company “Mroczek House”. Question: Were Max Marcin and Lionel Barrymore both polish? Answer:

no

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Silence (1931 film) Silence is a 1931 American Pre-Code crime film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and Max Marcin and written by Max Marcin. The film stars Clive Brook, Marjorie Rambeau, Peggy Shannon, Charles Starrett, Willard Robertson, John Wray and Frank Sheridan. It was released on August 29, 1931, by Paramount Pictures. ## Lionel Barrymore on stage, screen and radio Lionel Barrymore (born Lionel Herbert Blythe; 1878–1954) was an American actor of stage, screen and radio. He also directed several films, wrote scripts, created etchings, sketches and composed music. He was the eldest child of the actors Maurice Barrymore and Georgie Drew Barrymore, and his two siblings were John and Ethel; these and other family members were part of an acting dynasty. Reluctant to follow his parents' career, Barrymore appeared together with his grandmother Louisa Lane Drew in a stage production of "The Rivals" at the age of 15. He soon found success on stage in character roles. Although he took a break from acting in 1906–09 to train in Paris as a painter, he was not successful as an artist and returned to the US and acting. He also joined his family troupe, from 1910, in their vaudeville act. ## A Family Affair (1937 film) A Family Affair is a 1937 American comedy film and the first entry in the sixteen Andy Hardy film series, though Mickey Rooney has a secondary role as the son of Judge Hardy, played by Lionel Barrymore. Lewis Stone and Fay Holden replaced Lionel Barrymore and Spring Byington as Judge and Mrs. Hardy in the subsequent films of the series. ## King of the Jungle (1933 film) King of the Jungle is a 1933 American Pre-Code adventure film directed by H. Bruce Humberstone and Max Marcin and written by Charles Thurley Stoneham, Max Marcin, Fred Niblo, Jr. and Philip Wylie. The film stars Buster Crabbe, Frances Dee, Sidney Toler, Nydia Westman, Robert Barrat, Irving Pichel and Douglass Dumbrille. The film was released on March 10, 1933, by Paramount Pictures. ## Here Comes the Bride (1919 film) Here Comes the Bride is a lost 1919 American silent comedy film produced by Famous Players-Lasky and released by Paramount Pictures. This film is based on the 1917 Broadway play "Here Comes the Bride" by Max Marcin and Roy Atwell. The film was directed by John S. Robertson and stars John Barrymore. ## Lionel Barrymore Lionel Barrymore (born Lionel Herbert Blythe; April 28, 1878 – November 15, 1954) was an American actor of stage, screen and radio as well as a film director. He won an Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in "A Free Soul" (1931), and remains best known to modern audiences for the role of the villainous Mr. Potter character in Frank Capra's 1946 film "It's a Wonderful Life". He is also particularly remembered as Ebenezer Scrooge in annual broadcasts of "A Christmas Carol" during his last two decades. He is also known for playing Dr. Leonard Gillespie in MGM's nine Dr. Kildare films, a role he reprised in a further six films focussing solely on Gillespie and in a radio series entitled "The Story of Dr. Kildare". He was a member of the theatrical Barrymore family. ## The Strange Case of Clara Deane The Strange Case of Clara Deane is a 1932 American Pre-Code drama film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and Max Marcin and written by Max Marcin. The film stars Wynne Gibson, Pat O'Brien, Dudley Digges, Frances Dee, George Barbier, Russell Gleason and Lee Kohlmar. The film was released on May 6, 1932, by Paramount Pictures. ## Max Marcin Max Marcin (5 May 1879 – 30 March 1948) was a Polish screenwriter and film director. He wrote for 47 films between 1916 and 1949. He also directed six films between 1931 and 1936. His stage work includes "See My Lawyer" (1915), directed by Frank M. Stammers; he wrote and/or produced almost 20 plays for Broadway from 1916-38. Marcin wrote for and produced "The FBI in Peace and War" and created, produced and wrote for the "Crime Doctor" radio program, which became the basis for a series of 10 "Crime Doctor" films. ## The Lawyer's Secret The Lawyer's Secret is a 1931 American Pre-Code crime film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and Max Marcin and written by Lloyd Corrigan, James Hilary Finn and Max Marcin. The film stars Clive Brook, Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, Richard Arlen, Fay Wray, Jean Arthur, Francis McDonald and Harold Goodwin. The film was released on June 6, 1931, by Paramount Pictures. ## Marcin Mroczek Marcin Mroczek was born on 18 July 1982 in Siedlce, Poland. He has a twin brother Rafał who is 7 minutes older. At the age of 10, Marcin joined the Modern Dance Team “Caro Dance” in Siedlce. Together with this team, he won multiple Polish and European championships. He says that this was an amazing time in his life: for the very first time, he entered the stage and could meet his audience! When he was 18, Marcin and his brother Rafał won the casting for roles of twin brothers in the most popular Polish TV series - "M jak Miłość". One third of Poland followed the fate of the heroes on weekdays. This success has given Marcin the possibility to appear in numerous programs and television shows. Currently Marcin plays a role in the very popular TV series “L as Love”. Moreover, he started the company “Mroczek House”. Question: Were Max Marcin and Lionel Barrymore both polish? Answer: ### Response: no

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## List of St. Louis Cardinals no-hitters The St. Louis Cardinals are a Major League Baseball franchise based in St. Louis Missouri. They play in the National League Central division. Also known in their early years as the "St. Louis Brown Stockings" (1882), "St. Louis Browns" (1883–98), and "St. Louis Perfectos" (1899), pitchers for the Cardinals have thrown 10 no-hitters in franchise history. A no-hitter is officially recognized by Major League Baseball only “when a pitcher (or pitchers) retires each batter on the opposing team during the entire course of a game, which consists of at least nine innings”. No-hitters of less than nine complete innings were previously recognized by the league as official; however, several rule alterations in 1991 changed the rule to its current form. A no-hitter is rare enough that one team in Major League Baseball has never had a pitcher accomplish the feat. A perfect game, a special subcategory of no-hitter, has yet to be thrown in Cardinals history. As defined by Major League Baseball, “in a perfect game, no batter reaches any base during the course of the game.” ## History of the St. Louis Cardinals (1875–1919) The St. Louis Cardinals, a professional baseball franchise based in St. Louis, Missouri, compete in the National League (NL) of Major League Baseball (MLB). As the game of baseball garnered interest in the United States in the 19th century, professional baseball in St. Louis became rooted chiefly in one disestablished Major League club – named the Brown Stockings, the same as the Cardinals' earliest name – which is loosely connected, but does not fall within the scope of, today's Cardinals. The Brown Stockings became St. Louis' first fully professional baseball club when they gained accession in the National Association (NA) in 1875. However, the NA folded after that season. That winter, with five other former NA teams, St. Louis established a new, eight-team league called the National League (NL) and began play the next season. Despite early success, Brown Stocking players were found to be connected to game fixing scandals, which forced bankruptcy and the club's expulsion from the NL. This scandal also abrogated their professional status but some members maintained play as a semi-professional team, primarily operated by outfielder Ned Cuthbert, until 1881. ## The Great St. Louis Bank Robbery The Great St. Louis Bank Robbery (also called The St. Louis Bank Robbery, the film title in the opening credits) is a 1959 heist film. The film stars Steve McQueen as a college dropout hired to be the getaway driver in a bank robbery. The film is based on a 1953 bank robbery attempt of Southwest Bank in St. Louis. The film was shot on location in St. Louis in 1958 with some of the men and women from the St. Louis Police Department, as well as local residents and bank employees, playing the same parts they did in the actual robbery attempt. Steve McQueen was quite unknown when filming began, because he would get the role of Josh Randall in the famous TV series Wanted Dead or Alive only some months later. ## U.S. Route 66 in Missouri U.S. Route 66 (US 66, Route 66) is a former east–west United States Numbered Highway, running from Santa Monica, California to Chicago, Illinois. In Missouri, the highway ran from downtown St. Louis at the Mississippi River to the Kansas state line west of Joplin. The highway was originally Route 14 from St. Louis to Joplin and Route 1F from Joplin to Kansas. It underwent two major realignments (in the St. Louis and Joplin areas) and several lesser realignments in the cities of St. Louis, Springfield, and Joplin. Current highways covering several miles of the former highway include Route 100, Route 366, Route 266, Route 96, and Route 66. Interstate 44 (I-44) approximates much of US 66 between St. Louis and Springfield. ## Betty Grable filmography This is a complete filmography of Betty Grable, an American actress, dancer, and singer. As a major contract star for 20th Century-Fox during the 1940s and 1950s, she starred in a succession of musicals and romantic comedies. ## James Stewart James Maitland "Jimmy" Stewart (May 20, 1908July 2, 1997) was an American actor and military officer who is among the most honored and popular stars in film history. A major Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract player, Stewart was known for his distinctive drawl and down-to-earth persona, which helped him often portray American middle-class men struggling in crisis. Many of the films he starred in have become enduring classics. ## Jerry Wilkerson Jerry Oliver Wilkerson (September 5, 1943 in Texas – June 2, 2007) was a St. Louis, Missouri artist known for his contemporary pointillistic style of painting, and as a supporter of local business and talent. After completing his BS at Lamar University in Beaumont, Texas, in 1966, Wilkerson obtained his MFA (1968) from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. He settled in St. Louis following military service in the Army from 1968 - 1970. Wilkerson exhibited at galleries in St. Louis, Kansas City, New Orleans, New York City, and Carmel, California. His works are represented in several public collections including the St. Louis Art Museum, the Baltimore Museum of Art, the Delaware Art Museum in Wilmington, the Tucson Museum of Art, and the Evansville Museum of Arts and Science in Evansville, Indiana. The major theme of his work is food — including lobsters, burgers, a Warholesque Campbell's Pork and Beans can, bananas, cherries, apples, pears, fortune cookies, and cups of coffee. Wilkerson died of cancer at age 63. ## Spirit of St. Louis Airport Spirit of St. Louis Airport (IATA: SUS, ICAO: KSUS, FAA LID: SUS) is a public airport located 17 miles (27 km) west of the central business district of St. Louis, in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. It is owned by St. Louis County and named after the famous "Spirit of St. Louis" aircraft. ## Spirit of St. Louis (train) The Spirit of St. Louis was a named passenger train on the Pennsylvania Railroad and its successors Penn Central and Amtrak between New York and St. Louis, Missouri. The Pennsylvania introduced the "Spirit of St. Louis" on June 15, 1927, replacing the "New Yorker" (eastbound) and "St. Louisian" (westbound); that September its schedule was 24 hr 50 min each way. ## The Spirit of St. Louis (film) The Spirit of St. Louis is a 1957 aviation biography film in CinemaScope from Warner Bros., directed by Billy Wilder, produced by Leland Hayward, that stars James Stewart as Charles Lindbergh. The screenplay was adapted by Charles Lederer, Wendell Mayes, and Billy Wilder from Lindbergh's 1953 autobiographical account of his historic flight, which won the Pulitzer Prize in 1954. Question: The Spirit of St. Louis is a film which starred an actor who was contracted as a major contract player with whom? Answer:

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## List of St. Louis Cardinals no-hitters The St. Louis Cardinals are a Major League Baseball franchise based in St. Louis Missouri. They play in the National League Central division. Also known in their early years as the "St. Louis Brown Stockings" (1882), "St. Louis Browns" (1883–98), and "St. Louis Perfectos" (1899), pitchers for the Cardinals have thrown 10 no-hitters in franchise history. A no-hitter is officially recognized by Major League Baseball only “when a pitcher (or pitchers) retires each batter on the opposing team during the entire course of a game, which consists of at least nine innings”. No-hitters of less than nine complete innings were previously recognized by the league as official; however, several rule alterations in 1991 changed the rule to its current form. A no-hitter is rare enough that one team in Major League Baseball has never had a pitcher accomplish the feat. A perfect game, a special subcategory of no-hitter, has yet to be thrown in Cardinals history. As defined by Major League Baseball, “in a perfect game, no batter reaches any base during the course of the game.” ## History of the St. Louis Cardinals (1875–1919) The St. Louis Cardinals, a professional baseball franchise based in St. Louis, Missouri, compete in the National League (NL) of Major League Baseball (MLB). As the game of baseball garnered interest in the United States in the 19th century, professional baseball in St. Louis became rooted chiefly in one disestablished Major League club – named the Brown Stockings, the same as the Cardinals' earliest name – which is loosely connected, but does not fall within the scope of, today's Cardinals. The Brown Stockings became St. Louis' first fully professional baseball club when they gained accession in the National Association (NA) in 1875. However, the NA folded after that season. That winter, with five other former NA teams, St. Louis established a new, eight-team league called the National League (NL) and began play the next season. Despite early success, Brown Stocking players were found to be connected to game fixing scandals, which forced bankruptcy and the club's expulsion from the NL. This scandal also abrogated their professional status but some members maintained play as a semi-professional team, primarily operated by outfielder Ned Cuthbert, until 1881. ## The Great St. Louis Bank Robbery The Great St. Louis Bank Robbery (also called The St. Louis Bank Robbery, the film title in the opening credits) is a 1959 heist film. The film stars Steve McQueen as a college dropout hired to be the getaway driver in a bank robbery. The film is based on a 1953 bank robbery attempt of Southwest Bank in St. Louis. The film was shot on location in St. Louis in 1958 with some of the men and women from the St. Louis Police Department, as well as local residents and bank employees, playing the same parts they did in the actual robbery attempt. Steve McQueen was quite unknown when filming began, because he would get the role of Josh Randall in the famous TV series Wanted Dead or Alive only some months later. ## U.S. Route 66 in Missouri U.S. Route 66 (US 66, Route 66) is a former east–west United States Numbered Highway, running from Santa Monica, California to Chicago, Illinois. In Missouri, the highway ran from downtown St. Louis at the Mississippi River to the Kansas state line west of Joplin. The highway was originally Route 14 from St. Louis to Joplin and Route 1F from Joplin to Kansas. It underwent two major realignments (in the St. Louis and Joplin areas) and several lesser realignments in the cities of St. Louis, Springfield, and Joplin. Current highways covering several miles of the former highway include Route 100, Route 366, Route 266, Route 96, and Route 66. Interstate 44 (I-44) approximates much of US 66 between St. Louis and Springfield. ## Betty Grable filmography This is a complete filmography of Betty Grable, an American actress, dancer, and singer. As a major contract star for 20th Century-Fox during the 1940s and 1950s, she starred in a succession of musicals and romantic comedies. ## James Stewart James Maitland "Jimmy" Stewart (May 20, 1908July 2, 1997) was an American actor and military officer who is among the most honored and popular stars in film history. A major Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract player, Stewart was known for his distinctive drawl and down-to-earth persona, which helped him often portray American middle-class men struggling in crisis. Many of the films he starred in have become enduring classics. ## Jerry Wilkerson Jerry Oliver Wilkerson (September 5, 1943 in Texas – June 2, 2007) was a St. Louis, Missouri artist known for his contemporary pointillistic style of painting, and as a supporter of local business and talent. After completing his BS at Lamar University in Beaumont, Texas, in 1966, Wilkerson obtained his MFA (1968) from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. He settled in St. Louis following military service in the Army from 1968 - 1970. Wilkerson exhibited at galleries in St. Louis, Kansas City, New Orleans, New York City, and Carmel, California. His works are represented in several public collections including the St. Louis Art Museum, the Baltimore Museum of Art, the Delaware Art Museum in Wilmington, the Tucson Museum of Art, and the Evansville Museum of Arts and Science in Evansville, Indiana. The major theme of his work is food — including lobsters, burgers, a Warholesque Campbell's Pork and Beans can, bananas, cherries, apples, pears, fortune cookies, and cups of coffee. Wilkerson died of cancer at age 63. ## Spirit of St. Louis Airport Spirit of St. Louis Airport (IATA: SUS, ICAO: KSUS, FAA LID: SUS) is a public airport located 17 miles (27 km) west of the central business district of St. Louis, in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. It is owned by St. Louis County and named after the famous "Spirit of St. Louis" aircraft. ## Spirit of St. Louis (train) The Spirit of St. Louis was a named passenger train on the Pennsylvania Railroad and its successors Penn Central and Amtrak between New York and St. Louis, Missouri. The Pennsylvania introduced the "Spirit of St. Louis" on June 15, 1927, replacing the "New Yorker" (eastbound) and "St. Louisian" (westbound); that September its schedule was 24 hr 50 min each way. ## The Spirit of St. Louis (film) The Spirit of St. Louis is a 1957 aviation biography film in CinemaScope from Warner Bros., directed by Billy Wilder, produced by Leland Hayward, that stars James Stewart as Charles Lindbergh. The screenplay was adapted by Charles Lederer, Wendell Mayes, and Billy Wilder from Lindbergh's 1953 autobiographical account of his historic flight, which won the Pulitzer Prize in 1954. Question: The Spirit of St. Louis is a film which starred an actor who was contracted as a major contract player with whom? Answer: ### Response: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer

Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

### Response: Sorry, I'm not sure about the right answer

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Alter Ego (Peruvian band) Alter Ego is the original Peruvian neo-progressive rock band whose style goes from the ever-changing art rock from the 1990s mixed with new sounds from the 1970s. Their style crosses between symphonic rock, hard rock to power ballads and R&B. The band was founded in 1992 by pianist/composer and lead singer Juan Carlos Oganes in Perú (South America), who assembled five other musicians and developed a sound that was rare for the time in that part of the world. They combined much of the anthem-type compositions of Juan Carlos Oganes with nice and lush vocal harmonies in the style of Queen and Yes. The album was produced by him and recorded at Emporium Digital Studios. Alter Ego paid much attention to theatrics and used the cinematographic expertise of Oganes -to create a sense of audiovisual entertainment. Oganes also directed their videos. They recorded much material since their first years and many of those songs ended in their 1997 debut album called "Utopia". ## Lead vocalist The lead vocalist, main vocalist, lead vocals or lead singer in popular music is typically the member of a group or band whose voice is the most prominent in a performance where multiple voices may be heard. The lead singer either leads the vocal ensemble, or sets against the ensemble as the dominant sound. In vocal group performances, notably in soul and gospel music, and early rock and roll, the lead singer takes the main vocal part, with a chorus provided by other band members as backing vocalists. ## Joy Division Joy Division were an English rock band formed in 1976 in Salford, Greater Manchester. Originally named Warsaw, the band consisted of singer Ian Curtis, guitarist and keyboardist Bernard Sumner, bass player Peter Hook, and drummer Stephen Morris. ## Ben Graves Ben Graves (born 1971) is a Nashville-based singer/songwriter, guitarist, and harmonica player. Originally from Martin, Tennessee, he was the lead singer in a high school band whose other members (Carl Bell and Jeff Abercrombie) would become the platinum-selling hard rock outfit Fuel. He attended Wesleyan University (B.A., Music, 1993), Berklee College of Music (1991–92, 1993), and Washington State University (M.A., Jazz Studies, 1996) and moved to San Francisco, where he lived from 1996 to 2003, working with Norah Jones sidemen Lee Alexander and Rob Burger, as well as current The Decemberists members Jenny Conlee and Nate Query. In 2003, he moved to Nashville Tennessee, where he worked as a sideman with country artists Rebecca Lynn Howard, James Otto, Amy Dalley, Raul Malo, among many others, and remains active as a session musician, performing songwriter, sideman, and educator. ## The Cellar (teen dance club) Located in Arlington Heights, Illinois, The Cellar teen dance club provided live musical entertainment in the 1960s. Founded in 1964 by Paul Sampson (a local record store owner who later became a music promoter and manager), this music venue primarily featured Rock and Roll music acts, although some Blues acts performed as well. Original location is uncertain. "The original cellar was located in the old St. Peters Church basement." Bob Lehnert, original vocalist for The Amboy Dukes contributes that its original location was actually a cellar located just a few blocks from the center of Downtown Arlington Heights. It may have been under a church or community center as it had a stage cut out of the north wall. It was in the basement of the Bell Telephone (AT&T) building, then moved to the Tire Warehouse across the tracks from the former Captain Rapp's Restaurant (602 W. Northwest Hwy) The unused warehouse was located on Davis Street, along the Chicago and Northwestern railroad tracks ( ). It closed in 1970. ## Black Rose (Cher album) Black Rose is the lone album by the rock band Black Rose, whose lead singer was American singer-actress Cher. The album was released on August 21, 1980 by Casablanca Records. Unlike Cher's previous solo records (such as "Take Me Home") the album was a commercial failure. It failed to chart and has sold only 400,000 copies worldwide. ## Ghost band A ghost band is, in the case of big band jazz, a band that performs under the original name of a deceased leader. In the case of rock, under a relaxed definition, it is a band that performs under the name of the original band whose founders are either deceased or have left the band. Use of the phrase may refer to a repertory jazz ensemble, such as a Dixieland band, with a longstanding, historic name. But in the strictest sense, a ghost band is connected in some way to a deceased leader. ## Carnivores (band) Carnivores is an indie rock band formed in Atlanta, Georgia in 2009 by Philip Frobos, Nathaniel Higgins, and Caitlin Lang. Their musical style has been described as belonging to the noise pop genre. In 2010 Ross Politi joined on drums, later transitioning to second guitar with Billy Mitchell on drums. They released their first album, All Night Dead USA on Double Phantom Records in 2010. In 2011 they toured with The Black Lips, whose lead singer, Cole Alexander Is featured on a track off their latest album, Second Impulse. They have collaborated with both Bradford Cox and Frankie Broyles of Deerhunter on separate occasions and toured with Cox's solo project, Atlas Sound as well as Franz Ferdinand in 2012. In 2013 they signed with Army of Bad Luck Records, the Atlanta-based record company started by former Deerhunter bassist Josh Fauver. ## Tommy Heath Thomas Allen "Tommy" Heath (born March 31, 1947) is the lead singer, rhythm guitarist, and occasional keyboardist of Tommy Tutone, a 1980s rock band most famous for their top 5 hit, "867-5309/Jenny." A common misconception is that Tommy Tutone is the name of the lead singer; it is the name of the band. The name of the band developed from the original name "Tommy and the Tu-tones" to merely Tommy Tutone. He left the band after the release of their third album, 1983's "National Emotion". In 1994, he released an album that included tracks recorded after his Tommy Tutone days, titled "Nervous Love". ## Annik Honoré Annik Honoré (12 October 1957 – 3 July 2014) was a Belgian journalist and music promoter best known for her association with Ian Curtis, the former lead singer and lyricist of Joy Division. She co-founded record labels Les Disques du Crépuscule and Factory Benelux. Question: What was the original name of the rock band whose lead singer was associated with music promoter Annik Honoré? Answer:

Warsaw

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Alter Ego (Peruvian band) Alter Ego is the original Peruvian neo-progressive rock band whose style goes from the ever-changing art rock from the 1990s mixed with new sounds from the 1970s. Their style crosses between symphonic rock, hard rock to power ballads and R&B. The band was founded in 1992 by pianist/composer and lead singer Juan Carlos Oganes in Perú (South America), who assembled five other musicians and developed a sound that was rare for the time in that part of the world. They combined much of the anthem-type compositions of Juan Carlos Oganes with nice and lush vocal harmonies in the style of Queen and Yes. The album was produced by him and recorded at Emporium Digital Studios. Alter Ego paid much attention to theatrics and used the cinematographic expertise of Oganes -to create a sense of audiovisual entertainment. Oganes also directed their videos. They recorded much material since their first years and many of those songs ended in their 1997 debut album called "Utopia". ## Lead vocalist The lead vocalist, main vocalist, lead vocals or lead singer in popular music is typically the member of a group or band whose voice is the most prominent in a performance where multiple voices may be heard. The lead singer either leads the vocal ensemble, or sets against the ensemble as the dominant sound. In vocal group performances, notably in soul and gospel music, and early rock and roll, the lead singer takes the main vocal part, with a chorus provided by other band members as backing vocalists. ## Joy Division Joy Division were an English rock band formed in 1976 in Salford, Greater Manchester. Originally named Warsaw, the band consisted of singer Ian Curtis, guitarist and keyboardist Bernard Sumner, bass player Peter Hook, and drummer Stephen Morris. ## Ben Graves Ben Graves (born 1971) is a Nashville-based singer/songwriter, guitarist, and harmonica player. Originally from Martin, Tennessee, he was the lead singer in a high school band whose other members (Carl Bell and Jeff Abercrombie) would become the platinum-selling hard rock outfit Fuel. He attended Wesleyan University (B.A., Music, 1993), Berklee College of Music (1991–92, 1993), and Washington State University (M.A., Jazz Studies, 1996) and moved to San Francisco, where he lived from 1996 to 2003, working with Norah Jones sidemen Lee Alexander and Rob Burger, as well as current The Decemberists members Jenny Conlee and Nate Query. In 2003, he moved to Nashville Tennessee, where he worked as a sideman with country artists Rebecca Lynn Howard, James Otto, Amy Dalley, Raul Malo, among many others, and remains active as a session musician, performing songwriter, sideman, and educator. ## The Cellar (teen dance club) Located in Arlington Heights, Illinois, The Cellar teen dance club provided live musical entertainment in the 1960s. Founded in 1964 by Paul Sampson (a local record store owner who later became a music promoter and manager), this music venue primarily featured Rock and Roll music acts, although some Blues acts performed as well. Original location is uncertain. "The original cellar was located in the old St. Peters Church basement." Bob Lehnert, original vocalist for The Amboy Dukes contributes that its original location was actually a cellar located just a few blocks from the center of Downtown Arlington Heights. It may have been under a church or community center as it had a stage cut out of the north wall. It was in the basement of the Bell Telephone (AT&T) building, then moved to the Tire Warehouse across the tracks from the former Captain Rapp's Restaurant (602 W. Northwest Hwy) The unused warehouse was located on Davis Street, along the Chicago and Northwestern railroad tracks ( ). It closed in 1970. ## Black Rose (Cher album) Black Rose is the lone album by the rock band Black Rose, whose lead singer was American singer-actress Cher. The album was released on August 21, 1980 by Casablanca Records. Unlike Cher's previous solo records (such as "Take Me Home") the album was a commercial failure. It failed to chart and has sold only 400,000 copies worldwide. ## Ghost band A ghost band is, in the case of big band jazz, a band that performs under the original name of a deceased leader. In the case of rock, under a relaxed definition, it is a band that performs under the name of the original band whose founders are either deceased or have left the band. Use of the phrase may refer to a repertory jazz ensemble, such as a Dixieland band, with a longstanding, historic name. But in the strictest sense, a ghost band is connected in some way to a deceased leader. ## Carnivores (band) Carnivores is an indie rock band formed in Atlanta, Georgia in 2009 by Philip Frobos, Nathaniel Higgins, and Caitlin Lang. Their musical style has been described as belonging to the noise pop genre. In 2010 Ross Politi joined on drums, later transitioning to second guitar with Billy Mitchell on drums. They released their first album, All Night Dead USA on Double Phantom Records in 2010. In 2011 they toured with The Black Lips, whose lead singer, Cole Alexander Is featured on a track off their latest album, Second Impulse. They have collaborated with both Bradford Cox and Frankie Broyles of Deerhunter on separate occasions and toured with Cox's solo project, Atlas Sound as well as Franz Ferdinand in 2012. In 2013 they signed with Army of Bad Luck Records, the Atlanta-based record company started by former Deerhunter bassist Josh Fauver. ## Tommy Heath Thomas Allen "Tommy" Heath (born March 31, 1947) is the lead singer, rhythm guitarist, and occasional keyboardist of Tommy Tutone, a 1980s rock band most famous for their top 5 hit, "867-5309/Jenny." A common misconception is that Tommy Tutone is the name of the lead singer; it is the name of the band. The name of the band developed from the original name "Tommy and the Tu-tones" to merely Tommy Tutone. He left the band after the release of their third album, 1983's "National Emotion". In 1994, he released an album that included tracks recorded after his Tommy Tutone days, titled "Nervous Love". ## Annik Honoré Annik Honoré (12 October 1957 – 3 July 2014) was a Belgian journalist and music promoter best known for her association with Ian Curtis, the former lead singer and lyricist of Joy Division. She co-founded record labels Les Disques du Crépuscule and Factory Benelux. Question: What was the original name of the rock band whose lead singer was associated with music promoter Annik Honoré? Answer: ### Response: Warsaw

Based on the given passage answer the question.

Context: ## Kingsman (franchise) Kingsman is a British-American media franchise focused on the fictional organisation "Kingsman", which originally appeared in a UK-made spy action-comedy comic book series written by Mark Millar and Dave Gibbons, colored by Angus McKie, edited by Nicole Wiley Boose, published by Icon Comics, an imprint of American published Marvel Comics. Volume 1 of this series, released in 2012, deals with a super-spy recruiting his young nephew to the secret service, channeling the classic James Bond films, and other spy thrillers. The first volume of the series was originally known simply as The Secret Service and was rebranded to tie-in with the The comic series is set in Mark Millar's shared universe, the "Millarverse"; with the celebrity kidnappings taking place in "Kingsman" Vol. 1 being referenced in "Kick-Ass 3" #8. A stand-alone sequel set in both the continuity of the original comic and that of the film series, subtitled "The Big Exit", was released in the September/October 2017 issue of "Playboy Magazine", by Rob Williams with art from Ozgur Yildirim. The second volume of "Kingsman", subtitled "The Red Diamond", was released through Image Comics in September 2017. A feature film loosely based on "The Secret Service", directed by Matthew Vaughn and co-written by Jane Goldman, was released in February 2015. The film stars Colin Firth, Taron Egerton, Michael Caine, Samuel L. Jackson, Mark Strong, Sophie Cookson, Sofia Boutella, Jack Davenport, and Mark Hamill. A sequel to this film, subtitled "", was released in September 2017. ## Thunderball (soundtrack) Thunderball is the soundtrack album for the fourth James Bond film "Thunderball". ## Sidney Reilly Sidney George Reilly MC (  1873 –  1925 ), commonly known as the "Ace of Spies", was a secret agent of the British Secret Service Bureau, the precursor to the modern British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6/SIS). He is alleged to have spied for at least four different powers. ## Colonel Sun Colonel Sun is a novel by Kingsley Amis published by Jonathan Cape on 28 March 1968 under the pseudonym "Robert Markham". "Colonel Sun" is the first James Bond continuation novel published after Ian Fleming's 1964 death. Before writing the novel, Amis wrote two other Bond related works, the literary study "The James Bond Dossier" and the humorous "The Book of Bond". "Colonel Sun" centres on the fictional British Secret Service operative James Bond and his mission to track down the kidnappers of M, his superior at the Secret Service. During the mission he discovers a communist Chinese plot to cause an international incident. Bond, assisted by a Greek spy working for the Russians, finds M on a small Aegean island, rescues him and kills the two main plotters: Colonel Sun Liang-tan and a former Nazi commander, Von Richter. ## Secret Service Counter-Assault Teams Secret Service Counter-Assault Teams (CAT) are tactical forces maintained by the U.S. Secret Service which are responsible for repelling coordinated attacks against dignitaries. This is in contrast to a close protection team whose mission is to shield a dignitary from attackers and evacuate them to a place of safety. The Secret Service first began fielding counter-assault teams in 1979. "Hawkeye " is the designation for a CAT assigned to the President of the United States, followed by the president's Secret Service call sign. For example, the callsign for President Obama's CAT was "Hawkeye Renegade" ## The Secret Service The Secret Service is a British children's espionage television series, filmed by Century 21 for ITC Entertainment and broadcast on Associated Television, Granada Television and Southern Television in 1969. It was created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, and produced by David Lane and Reg Hill. It was the eighth and last Century 21 production to feature—in a manner similar to "Thunderbirds" and other earlier series—marionette puppet characters as part of a filming technique known as "Supermarionation". Under the direction of Gerry Anderson, who wanted to increase the realism of the Supermarionation format, "The Secret Service" incorporates footage of live actors for long-distance shots. Following "The Secret Service", Anderson did not work with puppets again until the 1980s, when he produced "Terrahawks" in "Supermacromation". ## James Bond The James Bond series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections. Since Fleming's death in 1964, eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelizations: Kingsley Amis, Christopher Wood, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, Sebastian Faulks, Jeffery Deaver, William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz. The latest novel is "Trigger Mortis" by Anthony Horowitz, published in September 2015. Additionally Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young James Bond, and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character, Moneypenny. ## Secret Service of the Air Secret Service of the Air (also known as Murder Plane) is a 1939 American adventure film directed by Noel M. Smith and starring Ronald Reagan. This film was the first in Warner Bros.' Secret Service series. The series consisted of four films, all starring Ronald Reagan as Lieutenant "Brass" Bancroft of the U.S. Secret Service and Eddie Foy, Jr. as his sidekick "Gabby." The 1940 film "Murder in the Air" was the last in the series. Reagan was just starting out his film career and commented later that during that period, he was a B movie "Errol Flynn". ## No. 1 of the Secret Service No. 1 of the Secret Service is a 1977 imitation James Bond film starring Nicky Henson as British secret agent Charles Bind. It was directed and written by Lindsay Shonteff and produced by his wife Elizabeth Gray. The film had the working title of 008 of the Secret Service. It was released on VHS under the title Her Majesty’s Top Gun. ## Secret service A secret service is a government agency, intelligence agency, or the activities of a government agency, concerned with the gathering of intelligence data. The tasks and powers of a secret service can vary greatly from one country to another. For instance, a country may establish a secret service which has some policing powers (such as surveillance) but not others. The powers and duties of a government organization may be partly secret and partly not. The organization may be said to operate openly at home and secretly abroad, or vice versa. Secret police and intelligence agencies can usually be considered secret services. Question: Thunderball was for the film that starred which British Secret Service character? Answer:

James Bond

Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Based on the given passage answer the question. ### Input: Context: ## Kingsman (franchise) Kingsman is a British-American media franchise focused on the fictional organisation "Kingsman", which originally appeared in a UK-made spy action-comedy comic book series written by Mark Millar and Dave Gibbons, colored by Angus McKie, edited by Nicole Wiley Boose, published by Icon Comics, an imprint of American published Marvel Comics. Volume 1 of this series, released in 2012, deals with a super-spy recruiting his young nephew to the secret service, channeling the classic James Bond films, and other spy thrillers. The first volume of the series was originally known simply as The Secret Service and was rebranded to tie-in with the The comic series is set in Mark Millar's shared universe, the "Millarverse"; with the celebrity kidnappings taking place in "Kingsman" Vol. 1 being referenced in "Kick-Ass 3" #8. A stand-alone sequel set in both the continuity of the original comic and that of the film series, subtitled "The Big Exit", was released in the September/October 2017 issue of "Playboy Magazine", by Rob Williams with art from Ozgur Yildirim. The second volume of "Kingsman", subtitled "The Red Diamond", was released through Image Comics in September 2017. A feature film loosely based on "The Secret Service", directed by Matthew Vaughn and co-written by Jane Goldman, was released in February 2015. The film stars Colin Firth, Taron Egerton, Michael Caine, Samuel L. Jackson, Mark Strong, Sophie Cookson, Sofia Boutella, Jack Davenport, and Mark Hamill. A sequel to this film, subtitled "", was released in September 2017. ## Thunderball (soundtrack) Thunderball is the soundtrack album for the fourth James Bond film "Thunderball". ## Sidney Reilly Sidney George Reilly MC (  1873 –  1925 ), commonly known as the "Ace of Spies", was a secret agent of the British Secret Service Bureau, the precursor to the modern British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6/SIS). He is alleged to have spied for at least four different powers. ## Colonel Sun Colonel Sun is a novel by Kingsley Amis published by Jonathan Cape on 28 March 1968 under the pseudonym "Robert Markham". "Colonel Sun" is the first James Bond continuation novel published after Ian Fleming's 1964 death. Before writing the novel, Amis wrote two other Bond related works, the literary study "The James Bond Dossier" and the humorous "The Book of Bond". "Colonel Sun" centres on the fictional British Secret Service operative James Bond and his mission to track down the kidnappers of M, his superior at the Secret Service. During the mission he discovers a communist Chinese plot to cause an international incident. Bond, assisted by a Greek spy working for the Russians, finds M on a small Aegean island, rescues him and kills the two main plotters: Colonel Sun Liang-tan and a former Nazi commander, Von Richter. ## Secret Service Counter-Assault Teams Secret Service Counter-Assault Teams (CAT) are tactical forces maintained by the U.S. Secret Service which are responsible for repelling coordinated attacks against dignitaries. This is in contrast to a close protection team whose mission is to shield a dignitary from attackers and evacuate them to a place of safety. The Secret Service first began fielding counter-assault teams in 1979. "Hawkeye " is the designation for a CAT assigned to the President of the United States, followed by the president's Secret Service call sign. For example, the callsign for President Obama's CAT was "Hawkeye Renegade" ## The Secret Service The Secret Service is a British children's espionage television series, filmed by Century 21 for ITC Entertainment and broadcast on Associated Television, Granada Television and Southern Television in 1969. It was created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, and produced by David Lane and Reg Hill. It was the eighth and last Century 21 production to feature—in a manner similar to "Thunderbirds" and other earlier series—marionette puppet characters as part of a filming technique known as "Supermarionation". Under the direction of Gerry Anderson, who wanted to increase the realism of the Supermarionation format, "The Secret Service" incorporates footage of live actors for long-distance shots. Following "The Secret Service", Anderson did not work with puppets again until the 1980s, when he produced "Terrahawks" in "Supermacromation". ## James Bond The James Bond series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections. Since Fleming's death in 1964, eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelizations: Kingsley Amis, Christopher Wood, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, Sebastian Faulks, Jeffery Deaver, William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz. The latest novel is "Trigger Mortis" by Anthony Horowitz, published in September 2015. Additionally Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young James Bond, and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character, Moneypenny. ## Secret Service of the Air Secret Service of the Air (also known as Murder Plane) is a 1939 American adventure film directed by Noel M. Smith and starring Ronald Reagan. This film was the first in Warner Bros.' Secret Service series. The series consisted of four films, all starring Ronald Reagan as Lieutenant "Brass" Bancroft of the U.S. Secret Service and Eddie Foy, Jr. as his sidekick "Gabby." The 1940 film "Murder in the Air" was the last in the series. Reagan was just starting out his film career and commented later that during that period, he was a B movie "Errol Flynn". ## No. 1 of the Secret Service No. 1 of the Secret Service is a 1977 imitation James Bond film starring Nicky Henson as British secret agent Charles Bind. It was directed and written by Lindsay Shonteff and produced by his wife Elizabeth Gray. The film had the working title of 008 of the Secret Service. It was released on VHS under the title Her Majesty’s Top Gun. ## Secret service A secret service is a government agency, intelligence agency, or the activities of a government agency, concerned with the gathering of intelligence data. The tasks and powers of a secret service can vary greatly from one country to another. For instance, a country may establish a secret service which has some policing powers (such as surveillance) but not others. The powers and duties of a government organization may be partly secret and partly not. The organization may be said to operate openly at home and secretly abroad, or vice versa. Secret police and intelligence agencies can usually be considered secret services. Question: Thunderball was for the film that starred which British Secret Service character? Answer: ### Response: James Bond