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HuggingFaceH4

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self-instruct-eval

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Hugging Face H4 655

[ { "input": "If you have any questions about my rate or if you find it necessary to increase or decrease the scope for this project, please let me know.", "output": "If you have any questions about my rate or find it necessary to increase or decrease this project's scope, please let me know." } ]

[ { "input": "Hi Jen, \nI hope you're well. Can we catch up today? I'd appreciate your input on my presentation for tomorrow's meeting. I'd especially love it if you could double-check the sales numbers with me. There's a coffee in it for you!", "output": "Confident" } ]

[ { "input": "If you'd told me year ago that today I would finish a marathon, I would of laughed. Your support had a huge affect on me!", "output": "If you'd told me a year ago that today I would finish a marathon, I would have laughed. Your support had a huge effect on me!" } ]

[ { "input": "Chicago: Vaswani, Ashish, Shazeer, Noam, Parmar, Niki, Uszkoreit, Jakob, Jones, Llion, Gomez, Aidan N., Kaiser, Lukasz, and Illia Polosukhin. \"Attention Is All You Need.\" arXiv, (2017). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1706.03762.\nMLA:", "output": "Vaswani, Ashish, et al. \"Attention Is All You Need.\" arXiv, 2017, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1706.03762." } ]

[ { "input": "Sincerely", "output": "Best regards, All the best, Cheers, Best" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Hi there,\n\nI hope you're all doing well. I'm inviting you over for dinner on Friday night. Please let me know if you can make it. I'll be cooking your favorite dishes!\n\nLooking forward to seeing you," } ]

[ { "input": "Subject: Asking for Vacation Time\nHi [Employer], \nI hope all is well. I am writing to request a day off on [date]. I have already taken care of my work responsibilities for that day and will be available to answer any questions or concerns you may have. \nThank you for your time, \n[Your name]", "output": "Subject: Request for Vacation Time\nHello [Employer],\nI am writing to request vacation time from work. I would like to take [Number of Days] off, starting on [Date]. I will be sure to complete all of my work before taking my vacation, and I will be available by email if anything comes up while I'm away. Thank you for your consideration.\n[Your name]" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Looking for collaborators on a new crowdsourcing project! This is a great opportunity to get involved in something innovative and impactful. If you're interested, please let me know." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "The Rings of Power series is one of the best things to come out of Middle Earth since, well, the Ring itself! If you're a fan of fantasy, adventure, and intrigue, then this is definitely the series for you. The characters are richly drawn and the plot is twisty and full of surprises. I can't recommend it highly enough!" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "The trees were silhouetted against the sky. The wind was blowing. The leaves were rustling. The grass was waving. The flowers were nodding. The birds were singing. The bees were buzzing. The squirrels were running. The rabbits were hopping. The deer were grazing. The wolves were howling. The moon was rising. The stars were shining." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "- binary search\n- pop in javascript\n- audio chunking algorithm" } ]

[ { "input": "remove item in array", "output": "1- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5767325/how-can-i-remove-a-specific-item-from-an-array\n2- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19544452/remove-last-item-from-array\n3- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15292278/how-do-i-remove-an-array-item-in-typescript\n4- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3954438/how-to-remove-item-from-array-by-value\n5- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40462369/remove-item-from-stored-array-in-angular-2\n6- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16994212/remove-an-item-from-array-using-underscorejs" } ]

[ { "input": "Python loop", "output": "#Print each fruit in a fruit list:\nfruits = [\"apple\", \"banana\", \"cherry\"]\nfor x in fruits:\n print(x)" } ]

[ { "input": "python function to determine whether a number is prime.", "output": "def is_prime(n):\n if n == 1:\n return False\n for i in range(2, int(n**0.5)+1):\n if n % i == 0:\n return False\n return True" } ]

[ { "input": "sql find duplicate values", "output": "- https://iteration-utilities.readthedocs.io/en/latest/generated/duplicates.html\n- https://orange3-text.readthedocs.io/en/latest/widgets/duplicatedetection.html\n- https://beets.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.14/plugins/duplicates.html\n- https://doma.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sql/\n- https://koalas.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/api/databricks.koalas.DataFrame.drop_duplicates.html\n- https://sqlparse.readthedocs.io/en/latest/analyzing/" } ]

[ { "input": "Item, Qty, Price, Subtotal | mango, 5, 500, ? | apple, 4, 150, ? | oil, 2, 1500, ? \nFunction: column2 * column 3", "output": "Item, Qty, Price, Subtotal | mango, 5, 500, 2500 | apple, 4, 150, 600 | oil, 2, 1500, 3000" } ]

[ { "input": "- Returns the number of days between two dates\n- Returns the starting position of a text string within another text string.\n- Returns the number in the middle of the set of given numbers", "output": "- DAYS\n- FIND\n- MEDIAN" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "You can quickly add several paragraphs to your document by using =rand(). These steps will guide you through using it:\nPut your Microsoft Word cursor (not your mouse cursor) where you would like random text to appear. It is necessary to place the cursor at the beginning of a line. The cursor just needs to be at the beginning, not on a blank line.\n2- Type =rand()and press Enter. You will now see random text added to your document." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Color codes: #FDB3AE #CAE4E2 #FBDF74" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Item | Number | Price\n\nShirts | 2 | $10\nPants | 1 | $20\nDress | 1 | $30\nShoes | 1 | $40\nJacket | 1 | $50" } ]

[ { "input": "There are great options", "output": "- Stella McCartney's faux fur has fashionable, luxury and ethical credentials and there are great options at Dries Van Noten too. (Independent)\n- And in the capital, Funchal, there are great options for self-caterers; I stayed in a beach house in the old town, one of a collection of seafront villas (funchalcottages.co.uk). (The Guardian - Travel)\n- City by city around the world, there are great options for shoppers to bring home not just special goods, but special memories. (Forbes)\n- Yes, there are great options out there that aren't owned by any big company (yet), but Twitter has an opportunity here to act as an app Switzerland, and attract some ad business while it's at it. (TechCrunch)" } ]

[ { "input": "we * to know", "output": "1- We need to know.\n2- We want to know.\n3- we wanted to know.\n4- We deserve to know why.\n5- We ought to know." } ]

[ { "input": "what we have _expected", "output": "+ what we have projected \n+ what we have anticipated\n+ what we have waited\n+ what we have hoped for\n+ what we have accustomed" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Q1. How does a matrix differ from a data frame?\nQ2. What value does this statement return?\nunclass(as.Date(\"1971-01-01\"))\nQ3. What do you use to take an object such as a data frame out of the workspace?\nQ4. What function joins two or more column vectors to form a data frame?\nQ5. What is the value of y in this code?\nx <- NA\ny <- x/1" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "[Degree] in [Area of Study] from [School], I entered the [Industry] world to explore my passion for ____, ____, and ____. Currently, I work as a [Job Title] for [Company], where I'm focused on ____, ____, and ____." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "“I’m excited beyond words to share with you my decision to accept the role of Marketing Director at the XYZ Company!\nI couldn’t have had this opportunity if not for the help of my friend, [name], who shared this job opportunity with me, and my former boss, [boss’s name], for her stellar recommendation and guidance.\nI happily look forward to starting this new journey and growing professionally with my new family—the marketing rock stars of XYZ Company.”" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Test-Driven Development\nObject-Oriented Programming (OOP)\nMVC\nREST API\nTechnical Writing\nDebugging" } ]

[ { "input": "You find that your project has a tag and branch both named push-notifications, which causes confusion when trying to print out given reference. How can you specify which branch you want to look at?", "output": "use git show refs/head/push-notifications" } ]

[ { "input": "SAMSUNG 980 PRO SSD 2TB PCIe NVMe Gen 4 Gaming M.2 Internal Solid State Hard Drive Memory Card, Maximum Speed, Thermal Control, MZ-V8P2T0B", "output": "Brand: Samsung, Style: 980 PRO, Capacity: 2TB, Hard Disk Interface: NVMe, Hard Disk Description: Solid State Hard Drive" } ]

[ { "input": "Flipslide Game, Electronic Handheld Game | Flip, Slide, and Match the Colors to Beat the Clock - 4 Game Modes - Multiplayer Fun", "output": "Flipside is an addictive, multi-player puzzle game of skill! Flip, slide & match the colors to beat the clock. Four thrilling game modes including, Speed Mode, Multiplayer Mode, Level Mode and Memory mode make challenging yourself or playing with friends a fun distraction for everyone! Play at home, on the road, or wherever you'd like! Recommended for ages 8+." } ]

[ { "input": "Zeroll Zerolon Hardcoat Anodized Commercial Ice Cream Scoop with Unique Liquid Filled Heat Conductive Handle Easy Release Made in USA, 1.5-Ounce, Black", "output": "- Ice Scoop, Fashion Ice Cream Scoop, Premium Stainless Steel Cookie Scoop, Dog Food Scoop, Sturdy Flour Scoop, Utility Candy Scoop, Dishwasher Safe (Silver/8oz/9 Inch)\n- AmazonCommercial Non-Stick Heat Resistant Silicone Spatula Set, 2 Small & 2 Large Spatulas, Multicolor, Pack of 4\n- Winco Acrylic 4-Hole Ice Cream Cone Stand,Clear,Medium\n- Zeroll 1065FS-ZT Original Zelato Tubmate Aluminum Gelato Spade for Leveling Tubs Packing and Hand-Mixing, Self-Defrosting Fluid-Filled Handle Longer-Lasting Thicker Blade , 9-Inch, Gray" } ]

[ { "input": "Item: iBayam Journal Planner Pens Colored Pens Fine Point Markers Fine Tip Drawing Pens Porous Fineliner Pen for Journaling Writing Note Taking Calendar Coloring Art Office Back to School Supplies, 18 Color", "output": "Product | this item | Fineliner Color Pens Set, 0.38mm Fine Tip Pens, Porous Fine Point Makers Drawing Pen, Perfect for Writing in Bullet Journal and Planner, 24 Assorted Colors | iBayam Fineliner Pens, 24 Bright Colors Fine Point Pens Colored Pens for Journaling Note Taking Writing Drawing Coloring Planner Calendar, Office School Teacher Classroom Fine Tip Marker Pens Supplies | 24 colors paint pens for journaling, Colored pens for note taking 0.4mm fineliner cute fine point smooth writing pens, Fast dry felt tip pens agenda office school teacher art markers drawing supplies\nCustomer Rating | 4.7 out of 5 stars (87557) |  4.5 out of 5 stars (2099) | 4.7 out of 5 stars (8666) | 4.5 out of 5 stars (396) \nPrice | $6.39 | $7.66 | $8.99 | $10.99\nSold By | Qi US | ai-natebok | Qi US | MingNor\nColor | Black, Grey, Red, Blue, Magenta, Pink, Purple, Violet, Pale Yellow, Yellow, Orange, Raw Sienna, Sap Green, C Green, O Green, Lake Blue, Burnt Sienna, Crimson | 24 Color | 24 Colors | 24 colors\nItem Dimensions | 6.6 x 6.2 x 0.6 inches | 6.3 x 5.8 x 0.6 inches | 6.6 x 6.2 x 0.6 inches | 6.22 x 0.31 x 0.31 inches\nPoint Type | Fine | Extra Fine | Fine | Fine" } ]

[ { "input": "- Product: Persil Discs Laundry Detergent Pacs, Original Scent, High Efficiency (HE) Compatible, Laundry Soap, 62 Count\n- Sentiment: Positive", "output": "I love this brand of soap it's always gotten my kids' clothes clean. When I'm done washing with the soap my kids is closed look feel and smell and feel clean and I like that that's what I want is to be able to wash my kids' clothes and not stress that it didn't come out clean or it's still kind of stinks or it just didn't seem like it washed very well. And would this pod of soap it's really easy to use I just put two pods in the wash and if it's a big wash and my kids' clothes are really dirty I just use three and it gets my kids's clothes washed the first time and I really like that. I think it's definitely worth the money. I am glad that I purchased it. It works so well. I love using it. It's a really good buy for me and for getting my family's clothes clean especially my kids' clothes clean. Great buy!" } ]

[ { "input": "The Witcher (2019)", "output": "Geralt of Rivia, a mutated monster-hunter for hire, journeys toward his destiny in a turbulent world where people often prove more wicked than beasts." } ]

[ { "input": "Squid Game", "output": "- 3%\n- Clickbait\n- Circle\n- Hellbound\n- Sweet Home" } ]

[ { "input": "Genre: Crime TV Shows", "output": "Breaking Bad, Peaky Blinders, Arrow, Money Heist, Better Call Saul, DAHMER, The Blacklist, Lucifer, NCIS" } ]

[ { "input": "Manifest", "output": "Mystery, Sci-Fi, Drama" } ]

[ { "input": "Period Dramas", "output": "Want to escape the contemporary world? Explore these historical dramas and shows from the time that have magnificent art and costume design, lots of drama, and a lot of history." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "To create the table of contents is straightforward, the command \\tableofcontents does the job. Sections, subsections and chapters are included in the table of contents. To manually add entries, for example when you want an unnumbered section, use the command \\addcontentsline as shown in the following example:\n\n\\documentclass{article}\n\\usepackage{blindtext}\n\\usepackage{titlesec}\n\\title{Sections and Chapters}\n\\author{Gubert Farnsworth}\n\\date{ }\n\\begin{document}\n\\maketitle\n\\tableofcontents\n\\section{Introduction}\nThis is the first section.\n\\blindtext\n\\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Unnumbered Section}\n\\section*{Unnumbered Section}\n\\blindtext\n\\section{Second Section}\n\\blindtext\n\\end{document}" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "The following example uses the setfen key in a \\chessboard command to demonstrate a FEN example taken from the skak package documentation:\n\n\\documentclass{article}\n\\usepackage{xskak}\n\\begin{document}\n\\newchessgame\n\\chessboard[setfen=r5k1/1b1p1ppp/p7/1p1Q4/2p1r3/PP4Pq/BBP2b1P/R4R1K w - - 0 20]\n\\end{document}" } ]

[ { "input": "\\documentclass{article}\n\\begin{document}\nFirst document. This is a simple example, with no \nextra parameters or packages included.\n\\end{document}", "output": "First document. This is a simple example, with no extra parameters or packages included." } ]

[ { "input": "Homework Assignment", "output": "- https://www.overleaf.com/latex/templates/gijss-homework-template/xrhhfgqcfbft\n- https://www.overleaf.com/latex/templates/homework-solutions/xykkzgnbzmxp\n- https://www.overleaf.com/latex/templates/ocen-cfd-article-template/mtpnnssgzjzw\n- https://www.overleaf.com/latex/templates/pitt-state-physics-homework-template/wdsxknmntnxk" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "If you already have a bibliography file that you need to use in an Overleaf project, you can upload it. Click the Upload icon located on top of the left panel. A dialog box will appear, you can either drag and drop the .bib file(s) or choose select from your computer to upload file(s) from your device. Once the upload process is finished you can include the .bib file in your main .tex document." } ]

[ { "input": "Feeling Good", "output": "- https://open.spotify.com/playlist/37i9dQZF1DX9XIFQuFvzM4\n- https://open.spotify.com/playlist/37i9dQZF1DXcEKFjZJYZcc" } ]

[ { "input": "Vibe: coding on weekend", "output": "- Candles by Jon Hopkins\n- Train from Paris by Mindtrap\n- Intro by The xx\n- Take Me Back by WYS\n- Riverline by Tor\n- The Dream by SwuM" } ]

[ { "input": "My lover’s got humor\nShe’s the giggle at a funeral\nKnows everybody’s disapproval\nI should’ve worshipped her sooner", "output": "Instead of using a straight-forward line like, “she is funny,” the writer opts for the metaphoric version, “she’s the giggle at a funeral.” This is a powerful metaphor stating that the writer's lover is so full of humor that even in really sad moments, she finds a way to lighten the moment." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "+ Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone By J.K. Rowling\n+ The Vanishing Half by Brit Bennett\n+ The Fellowship of the Ring by J.R.R. Tolkien\n+ And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie.\n+ The Woman in Cabin 10 by Ruth Ware.\n+ The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams.\n+ Spinning Silver by Naomi Novik.\n+ Good Omens by Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman.\n+ Charlotte's Web by E. B." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "+ Top Podcasts\n+ The Joe Rogan Experience\n+ Distractible\n+ Call Her Daddy\n+ Huberman Lab\n+ Anything Goes with Emma Chamberlain\n+ Stuff You Should Know\n+ The Psychology of your 20’s\n+ On Purpose with Jay Shetty\n+ Armchair Expert\n+ Archetypes\n+ Rachel Maddow Presents: Ultra\n+ The Mel Robbins Podcast\n+ Lex Fridman Podcast\n+ The Daily\n+ Think Fast, Talk Smart: Communication Techniques\n+ TED Talks Daily" } ]

[ { "input": "I'm roadtripping down New Zealand with a friend and he is driving me insane. He hasn't enjoyed all the tours we've been on and doesn't want to chat about ANYTHING. We're a week into our trip and this is the quietest I've ever been when hanging out with another person as he rebuffs all my attempts at conversation. He wears his airpods in the car and around the accommodation - not that I've kept trying to talk to him. Honestly, he is bringing some seriously bad vibes to everything and it's ruining my trip.\nWe don't have anything booked in yet for the South Island, so I'm planning to ditch him in Wellington at the ferry. Probably book my own car in Picton and just relax alone for the rest of the trip. (Just thinking about it is such sharp relief that it makes me feel emotional. I'll pay whatever price I have to just to get away from him.)\nObviously telling him he is ruining my trip with his negative energy isn't the best way to approach this.\nAny advice for the best approach so we can split amicably? Or at least not have an argument that ends with very hurt feelings?", "output": "I would be as honest as you can while being nice. Next time you’re both in the hotel or wtv just say “hey man, I was thinking about when we get to X—it seems like we like to travel really differently and I think it’s stressing us both out, so how do you feel about splitting up after that stop?”" } ]

[ { "input": "Ten European football teams – the Netherlands, England, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Wales – will participate in a season-long “OneLove” campaign promoting inclusion and opposing discrimination.", "output": "Every country except Sweden and Norway has qualified for the 2022 World Cup in Qatar and each captain of these eight nations will wear a distinctive OneLove armband – which features a heart containing colors from all backgrounds – during the tournament.\nThe Netherlands FA, which is spearheading the campaign, chose the colors to represent all heritages, backgrounds, genders and sexual identities; the armband will be worn in Qatar where same-sex relationships are a criminal offense.\nSweden and Norway will participate in the initiative during the upcoming Nations League matches, while England will also wear black armbands during both its UEFA Nations League matches to mark the death of Queen Elizabeth II.\n“This is an important message which suits the game of football: on the field everybody is equal and this should be the case in every place in society. With the OneLove band we express this message,” said Virgil van Dijk, the Netherlands captain.\n“On behalf of the Dutch team I have been wearing this band for quite a while now. It is good to see that other countries are joining this initiative.”\nOneLove was founded in the Netherlands in 2020 to emphasize that all football fans have at least one thing in common – their love of football – and to speak out against any form of discrimination.\nAs well as focusing on public messaging, the initiative has also developed to offer diversity training to grassroots club.\n“Our love of football unites us all. No matter where you come from, what you look like and who you love. Football is there for everyone and our sport must stand up for the people across the world who face discrimination and exclusion,” said Germany captain Manuel Neuer.\n“I am proud to be sending out this message with my colleagues from the other national teams. Every single voice counts.”\nIn June, England’s captain Harry Kane revealed that he had discussed taking a collective stance regarding human rights in Qatar with Denmark’s Christian Eriksen and France captain Hugo Lloris.\n“I am honored to join my fellow national team captains in supporting the important OneLove campaign,” he said on Tuesday.\n“As captains we may all be competing against each other on the pitch, but we stand together against all forms of discrimination. This is even more relevant at a time when division is common in society. Wearing the armband together on behalf of our teams will send a clear message when the world is watching.”" } ]

[ { "input": "learning french", "output": "learning french for beginners\nearning french online\nlearning french free\nfrench language course\nlearning french review\nhow to learn french on your own\nbest way to learn french online" } ]

[ { "input": "Topic: scaling law + machine learning", "output": "- Learning to limit data collection via scaling laws: A computational interpretation for the legal principle of data minimization\n- Data and parameter scaling laws for neural machine translation\n- Explaining neural scaling laws\n- Scaling laws for autoregressive generative modeling\n- Scaling laws for neural language models" } ]

[ { "input": "a graduate student of computer science", "output": "[Your name]\n[Your degree] in Computer Science\n[Your university]\n\nWebsite: [Your website]\nORCID ID: [Your ORCID ID]" } ]

[ { "input": "Another repeat visit and no disappointment from us. Great place for breakfast or brunch - and you won't need to eat again for awhile. The restaurant is close to the Tenderloin so be aware of your surroundings.\nWe enjoyed the Succotash Omelet (at least my wife enjoyed it), the Pulled Pork Benedict and the Hangtown Fry. Portions are large and pricing is fair. I wish we could have managed a Beignet Flight!\nDefinitely a spot to seek out. It can be crowed at times so be patient. Well worth any wait.", "output": "Hi [customer's name], thank you so much for the wonderful feedback. We’re happy to hear that you enjoyed your experience with us and that you love [restauran't name] so much! We’re beyond thankful for your support and can’t wait to see you back again soon! Thanks!" } ]

[ { "input": "Name: Jane\nMain points:\n- Architect\n- Interested in Tech\nWritten in first person\nUse casual tone", "output": "I like to think of myself as a kind of architect. I'm interested in the tech side of things, and I love coming up with new ideas for how to make things better." } ]

[ { "input": "- news: Applications for summer internships are open now\n- Start with a thematic tie-in to Halloween", "output": "Halloween is right around the corner, and we're celebrating with some exciting news: applications are now open for our summer internships!\nIf you want to work with us this summer, we'd love to hear from you. We're looking for people who are passionate about [company name], and committed to helping us grow. If that sounds like you, check out all the details on our website: [website address]." } ]

[ { "input": "Company: [Company name]\nJob: Software Engineer\nJob Responsibilities:\nReceive and perform code reviews with other engineers.\nWrite unit, integration, and end-to-end tests to verify functionality using automated testing frameworks such as Pytest.\nWork collaboratively with fellow software engineers to build features requested by business stakeholders.\nParticipate in Agile teams to develop, test, and debug complex data processing pipelines and data analysis applications using big data processing systems such as Apache Spark.\nDiagnose, debug, and perform root cause analysis of issues and defects.\nSkills and experience that will lead to success:\nExperience with a modern software programming language. We use Python, and Pyspark extensively.\nExperience with cloud systems like AWS or Azure\nExperience writing SQL queries \nStrong written and verbal communication skills\nEagerness to work in a highly-collaborative environment\nSome visualization experience such as Tableau or PowerBI is helpful", "output": "Software Engineer\n[company name] is looking for a self-motivated software engineer to join our team. We're a team of engineers and data scientists who work with large-scale data processing systems such as Apache Spark and Amazon Redshift to analyze data in the cloud.\nYou'll be responsible for receiving and performing code reviews with other engineers, writing unit, integration, and end-to-end tests to verify functionality using automated testing frameworks such as Pytest, working collaboratively with fellow engineers to build features requested by business stakeholders, participating in Agile teams to develop, test and debug complex data processing pipelines and data analysis applications using big data processing systems such as Apache Spark.\nIn addition to being able to diagnose, debug, and perform root cause analysis of issues and defects when needed, we're looking for someone with some visualization experience (Tableau or PowerBI) who can bring their own ideas about how best use these tools on a project.\nSkills that will lead to success include: Experience with Python programming languages; experience with cloud systems like AWS or Azure; experience writing SQL queries; strong written communication skills; eagerness to work in a highly collaborative environment;" } ]

[ { "input": "Reason: You came in second", "output": "Dear [Candidate Name],\n\nThank you for applying to [company name]! We're sorry to inform you that we're going to be passing on your application.\nWe were impressed with your initiative and would love to have had the opportunity to work with you. At this time, however, we're not able to offer any positions at our company.\nPlease accept our sincerest apologies for passing on your application, and know that we remain open to working with you in the future!" } ]

[ { "input": "Blog title: Healthy Apple Muffins\nBlog Topic: recipe and tips for cooking a good apple muffin", "output": "Let me tell you this, apple muffins are extremely easy to make, and they are totally worth the effort. If you've never been much of a cook or baker before, I can promise you that making these will change your mind. And if they don't get the job done, at least they'll taste good!" } ]

[ { "input": "This blog post is going to about making a list of last-minute gift ideas. Also, the tone of the post is going to be relaxed and casual.", "output": "Section: Gift card to a favorite restaurant or store\nSection: Movie tickets\nSection: A massage or mani/pedi\nSection: A fun game console\nSection: Books\nSection: Candles, flameless candles\nSection: Portable battery charger for phones/tablets\nSection: Water filter pitcher\nSection: Personalized items with photos/artwork\nSection: Favorite team gear (hat, sweatshirt)\nTakeaway: Don't stress about out running out of time to buy, make a gift." } ]

[ { "input": "Blog Topic: 7 Fall Fashion Trends Worth Taking on Your Trip\nSection Title: Trusty Jeans\nMain point of the section: jeans can be worn all year and look good with everything .", "output": "Jeans are one of the most iconic fashion items for a reason – they look great with everything and can be worn year-round. While this Fall, the trends lean toward a baggier fit, bringing along your favorite, trusty jeans is a must no matter where you’re headed. If you can’t get on board with the baggy jean trend, at least opt for a straight leg and ditch the skinnies." } ]

[ { "input": "Product: Golang course\nProduct description: teaching the foundational skills for building cloud services, web applications, DevOps tools, and backend development\nDiscount: 50%\nHow to claim: Use the coupon code: GOLANG", "output": "We've just launched the Golang course. In this course you will learn the foundational skills needed for high-paying careers involving building cloud services, web applications, DevOps tools, and backend development. Upon completion of the course, you will be able to build a web server that end-users can use to interact and consume as a REST API.\nLearning outcomes\nAs a graduate you’ll be able to:\n1- Articulate the advantages and disadvantages of Go compared to similar languages.\n2- Design a business case for when to develop a project in Go.\n3- Set up a Go environment.\n4- Program a basic backend using Go.\nCheck out the Golang course syllabus to view the course project.\n\nEnroll this week and save 50% with our new course special. Use the coupon code: GOLANG at checkout to save 50% on your subscription to the Golang course. Start learning soon—this special promotion is available only until [date]." } ]

[ { "input": "I am sharing images of the first snow of the year taken from a window in an office", "output": "- It's snowing! Here's the first snow of the year from our office windows.\n- Let the photos do the talking. The first snow of the year is just around the corner.\n- I know it's not snowing outside, but just seeing the first flakes of the year from our office window is enough to make me feel like winter has finally arrived. :D\n- First snow of the year and I'm in a good mood. Because I get to do my favorite thing: Look at pictures of snow on Instagram\n- The first snow of the year and I'm getting cozy in my office chair. 😍\n- Snowpocalypse: the sweet, delicate joy of first snowfall.\n- Snow day: here's to a great start to the week!\n- Snowing in my office and I am not even mad.\n- It's a snowy day in the office. I'm wearing my long johns, drinking hot chocolate, and binge-watching Game of Thrones. What are you doing?" } ]

[ { "input": "Another episode of women in science is out now", "output": "#womeninSTEM #WomenScience #science #research #stempodcast" } ]

[ { "input": "Cute cat\nplayful\nSoft", "output": "🐱 Cute cat\n😛 playful\n💛 Soft" } ]

[ { "input": "A video showing how to make a tasty cup of coffee", "output": "- How do you make a great cup of coffee? We asked a professional.\n- Real life stories of the greatest coffee shops in the world.\n- You'll definitely want a cup of this after watching it so be sure not to miss this.\n- Coffee is something most people drink every day. This video tells you everything about it.\n- Watch this video on 7 habits to make you a better barista." } ]

[ { "input": "In spite of the fact that procrastination feels bad to you, why do you do it?", "output": "+ The reason why you procrastinate\n+ A documentary about procrastination\n+ How to quit procrastination\n+ Recording people talking about their procrastination habits\n+ Interview people while they are procrastinating\n+ People who have failed to accomplish their New Year's resolutions explain why" } ]

[ { "input": "A research study has been conducted to determine if exercise really can \"boost\" your metabolism.", "output": "You Will Not Believe The Results Of A Recent Study On Exercise And The Metabolism!" } ]

[ { "input": "Here you will find videos and content that will help students prepare for the application process to graduate schools as well as how to apply to graduate schools", "output": "GradSchoolPrep, GoGradSchool, GradSchoolVidz, Apply2Gradschool" } ]

[ { "input": "Despite the _cacophony, the student tried to study. \nA. Loud sounds\nB. Difficult subject\nC. Late hour\nD. Low lighting", "output": "A. Loud sounds, Although it comes from the Greek for “bad sound,” cacophony can now also mean “an incongruous or chaotic mixture” of other things, like colors or smells." } ]

[ { "input": "adversity", "output": "- mischance:The words mischance and adversity are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Specifically, mischance applies especially to a situation involving no more than slight inconvenience or minor annoyance.\n- misfortune: The meanings of misfortune and adversity largely overlap; however, misfortune may apply to either the incident or conjunction of events that is the cause of an unhappy change of fortune or to the ensuing state of distress.\n- mishap: The synonyms mishap and adversity are sometimes interchangeable, but mishap applies to an often trivial instance of bad luck." } ]

[ { "input": "oblique", "output": "Middle English oblique, oblike, borrowed from Anglo-French oblic, oblique, borrowed from Latin oblīquus \"slanting, transverse,\" from ob- \"against, facing\" + -līquus, of uncertain meaning and origin" } ]

[ { "input": "The Ice cream shop is a small, quaint shop located in the heart of the historic district. They offer a variety of ice cream flavors, as well as Italian ice, gelato, and sorbet. The shop has a few tables and chairs, but most of their business is to-go. They offer a loyalty program where you can get a free scoop of ice cream after 10 purchases.", "output": "- It's a scoop of friendly!\n- Come in and have a treat!\n- For a sweet treat, stop by and see us." } ]

[ { "input": "A meeting has been scheduled, and the sender expects the other to review the slides.", "output": "Hi [name],\n\nI hope you're having a great week so far. I wanted to follow up on our meeting and let you know that we've scheduled a time for you and your team to come in next week. I'll have some slides prepared for you to review, and if there are any questions, I'd be happy to answer them! Just email me back at [email] when you have a moment.\n\nThanks so much for all of your help with this project—we're excited to get started!" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Dear [hiring manager's name],\n\nI wanted to take a moment to thank you for the offer. I'm honored that you would consider me for this position, and I'm excited to be working with you.\nI know that it's not easy to get a sense of how much salary should be offered in a given situation, so I wanted to explain why I believe my skill set is worth more than the offered salary. \nMy experience as a [position title] will prepare me well for this role, which requires extensive project management skills, as well as strong written communication skills and a deep understanding of the company's product offerings. These are all areas where I've already built up substantial experience over the past few years and am confident that they would serve me well in your company. \n\nI hope we can reach an agreement soon!" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Hello, [name]!\n\nWe're excited to announce the [event name] event that you signed up for. The location is [location], and the date and time is [date and time].\n\nIf you have any questions or concerns about the event, please let us know by emailing us at [email]." } ]

[ { "input": "A python framework for creating, editing, and invoking Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) circuits.", "output": "Cirq" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "1- Under your repository name, click Pull requests.\n2- In the \"Pull Requests\" list, click the pull request with a merge conflict that you'd like to resolve.\n3- Near the bottom of your pull request, click Resolve conflicts.\n4- Decide if you want to keep only your branch's changes, keep only the other branch's changes, or make a brand new change, which may incorporate changes from both branches. Delete the conflict markers <<<<<<<, =======, >>>>>>> and make the changes you want in the final merge.\n5- If you have more than one merge conflict in your file, scroll down to the next set of conflict markers and repeat steps four and five to resolve your merge conflict.\n6- Once you've resolved all the conflicts in the file, click Mark as resolved.\n7- If you have more than one file with a conflict, select the next file you want to edit on the left side of the page under \"conflicting files\" and repeat steps four through seven until you've resolved all of your pull request's merge conflicts.\n8- Once you've resolved all your merge conflicts, click Commit merge. This merges the entire base branch into your head branch.\n9- If prompted, review the branch that you are committing to.\nIf the head branch is the default branch of the repository, you can choose either to update this branch with the changes you made to resolve the conflict, or to create a new branch and use this as the head branch of the pull request.\nIf you choose to create a new branch, enter a name for the branch.\nIf the head branch of your pull request is protected you must create a new branch. You won't get the option to update the protected branch.\nClick Create branch and update my pull request or I understand, continue updating BRANCH. The button text corresponds to the action you are performing.\n10- To merge your pull request, click Merge pull request. For more information about other pull request merge options, see \"Merging a pull request.\"" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "Using scripts to test your code on a runner is a common example. When this workflow is triggered, it automatically runs a script." } ]

[ { "input": "Movie: Joker (2019)", "output": "Put on a happy face." } ]

[ { "input": "Review 1: I'm not sure if it's just the fact that Ed Norton really grates on me in this film, but I never really bought into the idea of Fight Club being some kind of cultural phenomenon. Yes it's an innovative story, told via a strong script, engaging characters and intense cinematography. But is it really worthy of such high praise? Personally, I find it starts to fall apart halfway through and actually becomes quite tedious towards the end. Everything just becomes a little bit childish and contrived as the story loses touch with its base elements and the rage against the machine vibe takes over. I have huge respect for the way this film was made but, much like The Matrix, I feel like people attach way more importance to this movie than it deserves.\nReview 2: The film tells the story of men who cannot adapt to the social order in today's world, under the leadership of Tyler Durden, to discover their natural instinct, masculinity, and to escape from their unhappy lives.\nReview 3: Despite a good theme, great acting and important messages that this movie convey in an unorthodox way, I think it fails to connect the audience with the storyline and leaves him in a world of confusion. Although, majority of reviews find this movie entertaining and interesting, yet I would choose to be a minority that believes that this movie is extremely overrated.\nReview 4: Is creating chaos, explosions and membership in a militant sect the way to get rid of material shackles ?! The visual effects are fascinating and the story is compelling until the second half. Unfortunately, it doesn't end well.", "output": "Positive points: \n- Innovative story\n- Strong script\n- Engaging characters\n- Intense cinematography\n- Good theme\n- Great acting\n- Important messages\n- Fascinating visual effects \n\nNegative points: \n- Ed Norton grates on the viewer\n- Starts to fall apart halfway through\n- Childish and contrived towards the end\n- Loses touch with its base elements\n- World of confusion\n- Overrated" } ]

[ { "input": "Breaking Bad (TV Series 2008–2013)", "output": "Walter H. White is a chemistry genius, but works as a chemistry teacher in an Albequerque, New Mexico high school. His life drastically changes when he's diagnosed with stage III terminal lung cancer, and given a short amount of time left to live: a mere matter of months. To ensure his handicapped son and his pregnant wife have a financial future, Walt uses his chemistry background to create and sell the world's finest crystal methamphetamine. To sell his signature \"blue meth,\" he teams up with Jesse Pinkman, a former student of his. The meth makes them very rich very quickly, but it attracts the attention of his DEA brother in law Hank. As Walt and Jesse's status in the drug world escalates, Walt becomes a dangerous criminal and Jesse becomes a hot-headed salesman. Hank is always hot on his tail, and it forces Walt to come up with new ways to cover his tracks." } ]

[ { "input": "The Dark Knight (2008)", "output": "No, children should not watch The Dark Knight. The movie is rated PG-13 for intense sequences of violence and action, some menace, and brief language." } ]

[ { "input": "Dead Poets Society", "output": "'Dead Poets Society' uses film techniques such as camera angles and camera techniques to help emphasise certain emotions between each character. The Film techniques are used to help the audience understand the theme, character, emotion and setting of a specific scene. All movies use Film Techniques to help the audience join in the experience and share the emotions that occurring in the film. Film techniques used in this film help shape meaning and give a better understanding of the relationship between the characters in the film. Although this film does not only use film techniques to emphasize the relationship of only characters, it uses it to emphasizes the relationship of characters with the themes of the film such as, poetry, carpe diem (seize the day), The school etc." } ]

[ { "input": "Barcelona, Spain", "output": "There’s nowhere in the world like Barcelona. From days spent strolling the Gothic Quarter to afternoons at the beach and nights partying ‘til dawn, the city is magnetic. While tapas and bustling mercados are worth every bit of attention they get in guidebooks, Barcelona’s true crown jewel is the work of Antoni Gaudí. His iconic creations, like the jaw-dropping Basilica of La Sagrada Familia, are instantly recognizable and have fueled millions of travel dreams. You won’t be the only tourist here (especially during the summer), but even amid the crowds you’ll find your own Mediterranean magic any time of year." } ]

[ { "input": "Sydney, Australia", "output": "March to May: The best times to visit Sydney are between March and May and September and November. You’ll find more comfortable temperatures and fewer crowds — which means you can likely nab better prices on airfare, too.\nBut if you want to warm up with the masses from winter back home, the average daily temperatures in January can hit highs of 30°C/86°F and lows around 20°C/67°F." } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "1- Your overall rating of this property:\n2- Title of your review:\n3- Summarize your visit or highlight an interesting detail:\n4- Your Review:\n5- What sort of trip was this? Business/Couples/Family/Friends/Solo\n6- When did you travel?\n7- Could you say a little more about it? (optional)\nWe'd love your opinion! Anything you can share will help other travelers choose their perfect hotel. Thanks.\nHotel Style & Amenities: \nDoes this hotel have laundry service? Yes/No/Not Sure\nDoes this hotel have a game room? Yes/No/Not Sure\nDoes this hotel have a sun terrace? Yes/No/Not Sure\nIs the front desk of the hotel staffed 24-hours a day? Yes/No/Not Sure\n8- How expensive is this hotel? Budget/Mid-range/Luxury\n9- Add a tip to help travelers choose a good room PE.g., best views, quieter floors, accessibility, etc.)\n10- Do you have photos to share? (optional)" } ]

[ { "input": "November", "output": "1- For mild temperatures and local brews: San Diego\n2- For the last gasp of fall foliage: Manchester, VT\n3- For unexpected art and mountain views: Las Vegas\n4- For ice skating and family fun: Chicago\n5- For a waterfront Thanksgiving experience: Key West, FL\n6- For great food and ghost tours: Savannah, GA" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "1- Paris, Best for: Historic sights and romantic vibes\n2- Nice, Best for: Architecture and dining\n3- Lyon, Best for: Dining and live music\n4- Bordeaux, Best for: Wine and antiques\n5- Marseille, Best for: Museums and nightlife\n6- Strasbourg, Best for: Historic architecture and dining" } ]

[ { "input": "How do I compare strings in Java?\nI've been using the == operator in my program to compare all my strings so far. However, I ran into a bug, changed one of them into .equals() instead, and it fixed the bug.\nIs == bad? When should it and should it not be used? What's the difference?", "output": "== tests for reference equality (whether they are the same object).\n.equals() tests for value equality (whether they are logically \"equal\").\nObjects.equals() checks for null before calling .equals() so you don't have to (available as of JDK7, also available in Guava).\nConsequently, if you want to test whether two strings have the same value you will probably want to use Objects.equals().\nYou almost always want to use Objects.equals(). In the rare situation where you know you're dealing with interned strings, you can use ==." } ]

[ { "input": "Is there a way of reading one single character from the user input? For instance, they press one key at the terminal and it is returned (sort of like getch()). I know there's a function in Windows for it, but I'd like something that is cross-platform.\nAnswer 1: Here's a link to the ActiveState Recipes site that says how you can read a single character in Windows, Linux and OSX :\nhttps://code.activestate.com/recipes/134892/\nAnswer 2: if you just want to hold the screen so you can see the result on the terminal just write `input()` at the end of the code and it will hold the screen", "output": "Answer 1 is correct.\nAnswer 2 is incorrect because it does not answer the question. The user is asking how to read a single character." } ]

[ { "input": "Question1: I am trying to understand the advantages of multiprocessing over threading. I know that multiprocessing gets around the Global Interpreter Lock, but what other advantages are there, and can threading not do the same thing?\nQuestion2: I am learning how to use the threading and the multiprocessing modules in Python to run certain operations in parallel and speed up my code.\nI am finding this hard (maybe because I don't have any theoretical background about it) to understand what the difference is between a threading.Thread() object and a multiprocessing.Process() one.\nAlso, it is not entirely clear to me how to instantiate a queue of jobs and having only 4 (for example) of them running in parallel, while the other wait for resources to free before being executed.\nI find the examples in the documentation clear, but not very exhaustive; as soon as I try to complicate things a bit, I receive a lot of weird errors (like a method that can't be pickled, and so on).\nSo, when should I use the threading and multiprocessing modules?\nCan you link me to some resources that explain the concepts behind these two modules and how to use them properly for complex tasks?", "output": "Yes, they are duplicates." } ]

[ { "input": "Dynamic Programming", "output": "Given an integer array nums, return the length of the longest strictly increasing subsequence.\n\n Example 1:\nIn: nums = [10,9,2,5,3,7,101,18]\nOut: 4\nExplanation: The longest increasing subsequence is [2,3,7,101], therefore the length is 4.\n\nExample 2:\nIn: nums = [0,1,0,3,2,3]\nOut: 4\n\nExample 3:\nIn: nums = [7,7,7,7,7,7,7]\nOut: 1\n \nConstraints:\n1 <= nums.length <= 2500\n-104 <= nums[i] <= 104\n \nFollow up: Can you come up with an algorithm that runs in O(n log(n)) time complexity?" } ]

[ { "input": "Given an integer n, return true if it is a power of three. Otherwise, return false.\nAn integer n is a power of three, if there exists an integer x such that n == 3^x.\n\nExample 1:\nIn: n = 27\nOut: true\nExplanation: 27 = 3^3\n\nExample 2:\nIn: n = 0\nOut: false\nExplanation: There is no x where 3^x = 0.\n\nExample 3:\nIn: n = -1\nOut: false\nExplanation: There is no x where 3x = (-1).\n \nConstraints:\n-231 <= n <= 231 - 1\nFollow up: Could you solve it without loops/recursion?", "output": "public class Solution {\n public boolean isPowerOfThree(int n) {\n return (Math.log10(n) / Math.log10(3)) % 1 == 0;\n }\n}" } ]

[ { "input": "", "output": "+ Array\n+ Strings\n+ Linked List\n+ Trees\n+ Sorting and Searching\n+ Dynamic Programming\n+ Design\n+ Math" } ]

[ { "input": "Finally! After a while of shooting in the dark and frantically fiddling with sample inputs on the whiteboard, you've came up with an algorithm for solving the coding question your interviewer gave you.\nWhew. Such a relief to have a clear path forward. To not be flailing anymore.\nNow you're cruising, getting ready to code up your solution.\nWhen suddenly, your interviewer throws you a curve ball.\n\"What if we thought of the problem this way?\"\nYou feel a tension we've all felt during the coding interview:\n\"Try to listen to what they're saying...but don't lose your train of thought...ugh, I can't do both!\"", "output": "Your interviewer probably won't fault you for going down the wrong path at first. They've seen really smart engineers do the same thing. They understand it's because you only have a partial view of the maze.\nThey might have let you go down the wrong path for a bit to see if you could keep your thinking organized without help. But now they want to rush you through the part where you discover the dead end and double back. Not because they don't believe you can manage it yourself. But because they want to make sure you have enough time to finish the question.\nBut here's something they will fault you for: failing to listen to them. Nobody wants to work with an engineer who doesn't listen.\nSo when you find yourself in that crucial coding interview moment, when you're torn between holding your train of thought and considering the idea your interviewer is suggesting...remember this:\nListening to your interviewer is the most important thing.\nTake what they're saying and run with it. Think of the next steps that follow from what they're saying.\nEven if it means completely leaving behind the path you were on. Trust the route your interviewer is pointing you down.\nBecause they can see the whole maze." } ]

[ { "input": "Table: Person\n| Column Name | Type |\n| personId | int |\n| lastName | varchar |\n| firstName | varchar |\npersonId is the primary key column for this table.\nThis table contains information about the ID of some persons and their first and last names.\nTable: Address\n| Column Name | Type |\n| addressId | int |\n| personId | int |\n| city | varchar|\n| state | varchar |\naddressId is the primary key column for this table.\nEach row of this table contains information about the city and state of one person with ID = PersonId.\nWrite an SQL query to report the first name, last name, city, and state of each person in the Person table. If the address of a personId is not present in the Address table, report null instead.\nReturn the result table in any order.\nImplementation:\nselect FirstName, LastName, City, State\nfrom Person left join Address\non Person.PersonId = Address.PersonId\n;", "output": "Since the PersonId in table Address is the foreign key of table Person, we can join these two tables to get the address information of a person.\nConsidering there might be no address information for every person, we should use outer join instead of the default inner join." } ]

[ { "input": "Zinc is an essential mineral that is required for good health. It is involved in many biochemical processes in the body and is necessary for the proper functioning of the immune system. Excess zink is not harmful as it is excreted in the urine.", "output": "Although zinc is an essential requirement for good health, excess zinc can be harmful. Excessive absorption of zinc suppresses copper and iron absorption. The free zinc ion in solution is highly toxic to plants, invertebrates, and even vertebrate fish. The Free Ion Activity Model is well-established in the literature, and shows that just micromolar amounts of the free ion kills some organisms. A recent example showed 6 micromolar killing 93% of all Daphnia in water.\nThe free zinc ion is a powerful Lewis acid up to the point of being corrosive. Stomach acid contains hydrochloric acid, in which metallic zinc dissolves readily to give corrosive zinc chloride. Swallowing a post-1982 American one cent piece (97.5% zinc) can cause damage to the stomach lining through the high solubility of the zinc ion in the acidic stomach." } ]

[ { "input": "Mathematics and art are related in a variety of ways. Mathematics has itself been described as an art motivated by beauty. Mathematics can be discerned in arts such as music, dance, painting, architecture, sculpture, and textiles. This article focuses, however, on mathematics in the visual arts.\nMathematics and art have a long historical relationship. Artists have used mathematics since the 4th century BC when the Greek sculptor Polykleitos wrote his Canon, prescribing proportions conjectured to have been based on the ratio 1:√2 for the ideal male nude. Persistent popular claims have been made for the use of the golden ratio in ancient art and architecture, without reliable evidence. In the Italian Renaissance, Luca Pacioli wrote the influential treatise De divina proportione (1509), illustrated with woodcuts by Leonardo da Vinci, on the use of the golden ratio in art. Another Italian painter, Piero della Francesca, developed Euclid's ideas on perspective in treatises such as De Prospectiva Pingendi, and in his paintings. The engraver Albrecht Dürer made many references to mathematics in his work Melencolia I. In modern times, the graphic artist M. C. Escher made intensive use of tessellation and hyperbolic geometry, with the help of the mathematician H. S. M. Coxeter, while the De Stijl movement led by Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian explicitly embraced geometrical forms. Mathematics has inspired textile arts such as quilting, knitting, cross-stitch, crochet, embroidery, weaving, Turkish and other carpet-making, as well as kilim. In Islamic art, symmetries are evident in forms as varied as Persian girih and Moroccan zellige tilework, Mughal jali pierced stone screens, and widespread muqarnas vaulting.", "output": "This article discusses the relationship between mathematics and art, with a focus on visual arts. It describes how artists have used mathematics since ancient times, and how mathematics has inspired various textile arts." } ]

[ { "input": "The \"fair trade\" movement, also known as the \"trade justice\" movement, promotes the use of labour, environmental and social standards for the production of commodities, particularly those exported from the Third and Second Worlds to the First World. Such ideas have also sparked a debate on whether trade itself should be codified as a human right.", "output": "The \"fair trade\" movement, also known as the \"trade justice\" movement, promotes the use of labour, environmental and social standards for the production of commodities, particularly those exported from the Third and Second Worlds to the First World. Such ideas have also sparked a debate on whether trade itself should be codified as a human right.\nImporting firms voluntarily adhere to fair trade standards or governments may enforce them through a combination of employment and commercial law. Proposed and practiced fair trade policies vary widely, ranging from the common prohibition of goods made using slave labour to minimum price support schemes such as those for coffee in the 1980s. Non-governmental organizations also play a role in promoting fair trade standards by serving as independent monitors of compliance with labeling requirements. As such, it is a form of Protectionism." } ]