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What was the value of oil exports in the 2008 calendar year? I am pleased to advise the House that the value of New Zealand’s oil exports in the 2008 calendar year was NZ$2.8 billion. In 2008 oil was New Zealand’s third-highest export earner, ranking behind dairy and meat exports only. In the last 12 months the Government has received more than $900 million in petroleum royalties and taxes. These numbers prove that it is worth New Zealand pursuing the full capacity that its offshore basins may contain. What initiatives does the Government have planned to stimulate further oil and gas exploration in New Zealand waters? The Government has a number of initiatives planned. I am pleased to inform the House that this coming summer will see the largest exploration activity occurring in New Zealand during any drilling season to date. In fact, New Zealand is ranked as one of the top 10 most prospective countries in the world. The Government has a number of initiatives planned to keep up the momentum. The Raukūmara and Northland basins are currently open for exploration permits. Applications for those new blocks offers are considerable. Further, there will be a new blocks offer in the Reinga basin, which will open at the end of this year. Over the summer, new seismic data will be collected, thanks to the appropriation in Budget 2009 of some $20 million over the next 3 years. And, of course, the Government is continuing the 183-day tax exemption rules for explorers in New Zealand.

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You are required to report the following to your security or counterintelligence office: - Any effort by any individual, regardless of nationality, to obtain illegal or unauthorized access to classified information or to compromise you or any other cleared employee. In addition, all contacts by you or any other cleared employee with known or suspected intelligence officers from any country, or any contact which suggests that you or any other employee may be the target of the intelligence service of another country or other clandestine group shall be reported.1 - Any other known, suspected, attempted, or planned activity that threatens U.S. national security. This includes unauthorized release of or access to any classified or otherwise sensitive information, intrusion into an automated information system containing classified or otherwise sensitive information, or information relating to terrorism, sabotage, subversion, or illegal diversion of U.S. technology to a foreign country. - Knowledge of any activity by a foreign country or organization that suggests that country or organization may have unauthorized knowledge of U.S. national security information, processes or capabilities. This is called reporting "anomalies" and is explained further in Reporting "Anomalies." Many people who have not been trained in how intelligence services operate do not recognize when they are being targeted and assessed. Many trusting individuals do not recognize that a seemingly innocent request for unclassified information is a common first step in assessment and development of a potential source. All individuals with frequent foreign contacts should read How Do I Know When I'm Being Targeted and Assessed? If you become aware of any intelligence or terrorist activity against the United States, you should not conduct your own investigation, should not put yourself in any dangerous situation, and should not tell family or friends of the incident. Rather, you should as soon as possible write down as many details as you can remember and then report it to your security office, the FBI, or by calling any one of the various Hotline Numbers established for this purpose. If you are the target of the activity, you should not divulge any information and should not take or sign anything. You should listen carefully, be observant, and remember as many details as possible. Keep all options open by neither agreeing nor refusing to cooperate. Remain calm, be noncommittal, ask for time, and report immediately to your security office. Your responsibility to report potentially significant security information concerning a co-worker or other person with access to classified information is covered in Reporting Improper, Unreliable or Suspicious Behavior. If your reporting helps stop a case of espionage, you may be eligible for a reward of up to $500,000. The reward is authorized by an amendment to Title 18, U.S.C., Section 3071, which authorizes the Attorney General to make payment for information on espionage activity in any country which leads to the arrest and conviction of any person(s): - For commission of an act of espionage against the United States. - For conspiring or attempting to commit an act of espionage against the United States - Or which leads to the prevention or frustration of an act of espionage against the United States. If you ever discover what you believe to be a listening device, it is important that you say or do nothing that would tip off those who planted the device to the fact that you have discovered it. React in the following - Do not say anything to indicate what you have found or what you suspect the device to be. - End your conversation as naturally as possible and leave the area. - Report promptly to your security officer without mentioning your suspicions to anyone else. 1. National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual, paragraph 1-302. Presidential Decision Directive NSC-12, Security Awareness and Reporting of Foreign Contacts, August 5, 1993.

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BACK IN BUSINESS | 5 years ago | February 2, 2001 | Mike Miliard reported on the reopening of the state’s tattoo parlors after a 38-year ban. “As of today, February 1, anyone in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts who is 18 years or older can get a fluorescent butterfly, a KISS logo, or a good old-fashioned anchor and chain tattooed on his or her virgin flesh. Legally. Now communities statewide must decide for themselves how (or whether) to welcome this ancient form of body art to town. “It’s been a long, hard fight. In October of last year, a Massachusetts Superior Court judge overturned the Commonwealth’s 38-year ban on tattooing (instituted in 1962 after a hepatitis outbreak in neighboring New York), ruling it unconstitutional. The catalyst was an ACLU-sponsored lawsuit brought by tattooist Stephan Lamphear, charging that the prohibition violated freedom of expression. In her ruling, Judge Barbara Rouse cited the flourishing underground tattoo industry in the Bay State as further reason to legalize and regulate. ‘[T]he Commonwealth agrees that unregulated tattooing poses greater public-health risks than regulated tattooing,’ she wrote. “But the Commonwealth was caught off guard by the swiftness of the decision, and many tattoo artists, champing at the bit to practice their trade, opened up shop immediately after it was delivered. For a few weeks, tattooing in Massachusetts was legal and completely unregulated. So on November 21, Judge Rouse reinstated the ban until the end of January, in order to give health officials time to draw up regulations.” URBAN WARFARE | 10 years ago | February 2, 1996 | Geoff Edgers spoke with Kitty Bates about her campaign against clothing company Urban Outfitters. “Kitty Bates, who invented that name earlier this winter, has real blue eyes and fake red hair. Her stringy nylon wig does what it’s supposed to do: draw attention while masking her identity. She sits in a booth at the Deli Haus, in Kenmore Square, eating scrambled eggs and explaining her campaign against the clothing retailer Urban Outfitters. “ ‘When you go in there, you feel like you’re a mouse in a trap,’ Bates says. ‘Kids have enough to worry about without trying to fit into some T-shirt made for a three-year old.’ “Bates’s beef with Urban Outfitters is twofold, she explains. Some of her friends have had bad experiences working there, and the store’s style, she believes, pressures teenage girls to think they’re fat. “So Bates, an artist and the daughter of a former New York City cop, has designed a poster featuring a waif in a short plastic skirt and tank top marching across a sea of dollar signs. The model’s arms stretch out like a zombie’s, her face blocked by a question mark. The headline reads: ANOREXIC OUTFITTERS. CAPTURING THE SOULS OF MINDLESS TEENS EVERYWHERE. “Around Thanksgiving, she hit New York City, plastering walls in the blocks surrounding an Outfitters outlet with more than 100 posters. A few days later, she returned to Boston and, working from 3 to 7 a.m., similarly papered the Back Bay and Cambridge.”

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Tickets and Information Opened Sep 6, 2005 Visit the Othello website: WHAT IS IT ABOUT? Written at the height of Shakespeare's creativity, Othello explores the tragedy of a love destroyed by jealousy. Provoked by the treacherous Iago's lies, Othello begins to mistrust his loyal bride, Desdemona. As his suspicions rise, Othello collapses under the weight of his self-doubt, eventually destroying his once-happy marriage. With poetry rivaling King Lear and with the psychological depth of Hamlet , Shakespeare constructs a highly charged tale of prejudice, revenge and the destruction of innocence. Artistic Director Michael Kahn directs, with Avery Brooks as Othello and Patrick Page as Iago. The Baltimore Sun praises Kahn for turning The Shakespeare Theatre "into the closest thing this country has to Britain's Royal Shakespeare Company." "Kahn's penetrating direction reels you in. It's so fresh, you feel you are hearing and seeing Shakespeare's drama for the first time." Susan Davidson, The Washingtonian "Worth a trip to Washington ! An Othello so fine that I don't see how it could be bettered, except maybe by bringing it to Broadway, where more people can see it." Terry Teachout, The Wall Street Journal 450 7th St NW Washington, DC 20004 WHAT ARE OTHER MEMBERS SAYING? No user reviews have been posted yet. Write a review By providing information about entertainment and cultural events on this site, TheaterMania.com shall not be deemed to endorse, recommend, approve and/or guarantee such events, or any facts, views, advice and/or information contained therein.

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Many people believe that wildfires are started primarily by lightning, but the Forest Service says more than 90 percent of all wildfires are started by people. That's why the agency wants to urge communities to get "fire-wise." "The idea of 'fire-wise' is that the people are responsible for their property," says Jim Smalley of Wildland Fire Protection. "The homeowners in particular can do things to their property to prevent their homes from burning." State Foresters Association member Jim Hull says new radio and print advertisements aim to tell people just what they need to do to keep their home safe this fire season. "We're hoping that when communities implement the firewise program, that even if a wildfire occurs, there'll be a 95 percent probability that it will not inflict the devastation that it would have had the program not been in place," he says. Here's what you need to do to be "fire-wise." Clean your roof and gutters of all pine needles, leaves and branches and remove tree branches that extend within ten feet of a stove or chimney flue. All landscape vegetation should be spaced so that fire can't jump to another structure. Dispose of all fireplace ashes and charcoal, only after soaking them in water. Store gasoline in an approved safety can, far away from any occupied building. All firewood, picnic tables and other combustibles should be stored away from your house. Finally, clear the ground around all structures to create a fuel break. "We are taking out any of what we call the ladder fuels," says Firewise volunteer Sally Butler. "We're taking out any dead fuel that's down on the ground. We're taking out low lying branches that could allow fire to climb up into the higher part what's called the crown of the tree." In 2002, 88,000 fires destroyed nearly seven million acres of land nationwide. Three-thousand structures were destoyed. Of those, 1,400 were people's homes. Weather forecasters say while the fire threat will be above normal for Northern Nevada this year, it isn't expected to be as bad as last year. Click here to visit the Firewise Web site. Copyright 2003 KOLO-TV. All rights reserved.

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The UPA got a tight slap on its face last week. Just as it was busy rolling out the red carpet for investment by relaxing FDI limits in 13 sectors and promising US giants a more favourabe investment climate in India, steel giants Posco and ArcellorMittal called it quits from the country and scrapped projects worth $18 billion citing regulatory hurdles in securing land and mining licences and weak market conditions. Even Warren Buffett, one of the world's smartest investment gurus, has given up on India. Last week, Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway decided to discontinue the online insurance distribution business in India even though the potential for selling insurance online in India is high. Berkshire had been in India for just two years and its withdrawal came just two days after the government decided up to open India to more FDI. Such withdrawals come as US vice-president Joe Biden is here in India to pressurise the UPA to change its 'restrictive policies' which are keeping several US companies from investing in India. Even the creme de la creme of corporate India has given up faith in India and is investing abroad rather than their home country. According to a report in Businsses Today, RIL has invested $5 billion in Africa and the US, while Anil Ambani has invested $3 billion globally, which is expected to more than double to $7 billion by 2015. Even the Tata Group draws 65 percent of its revenue from overseas, while the Essar Group is planning a $6 billion investment abroad by 2015 thanks to the current impasse in governance in India. So what's scaring Indians and foreigners from setting up shop here? According to a Breaking Views op-ed in Bloomberg by William Pesek, "a rampant political dysfunction has stopped India’s progress cold." Pesek believes too many prerequisites such as constraints on whom goods can be purchased from; a raft of regulations limiting franchise models and factory construction; and the hair-pulling need to negotiate separately with each of India's 28 states has forced India to fall into a self-destructive pattern of relenting on the big issues. He also has a solution for the problems of India's policy making. "What should India do? Pass clear and strong investment laws that will survive the change of government and offer a code of conduct for state leaders. India must strengthen the rule of law as it applies to foreigners so they’ll trust their money is safe. Finally, India must think long-term. Today’s motivation for inviting more foreign money is to narrow the current-account deficit. The goal should be to raise competitiveness, gain fresh knowledge and create better-paying jobs for the future."

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Retired professor of marine science, UP Diliman Our common approach to solve problems is to address the symptoms rather than the causes. Examples are problems with poverty and overpopulation, as in a letter to the Inquirer (6/18/07). These are symptoms of underdevelopment, forming a vicious circle, and making economic growth more difficult. Dealing with symptoms is like giving medicine for easing the pain instead of curing the disease. We must address the cause to achieve the objective. The basic cause of our underdevelopment is poor science and technology. While controlling population growth may facilitate economic progress, this cannot be achieved without S&T. We should learn from densely populated countries that have left us behind and the sparsely populated African countries, which have remained poor. When Singapore was developing its industrial base in the ‘60s and ‘70s, its population density was 6 times than that of the Philippines today, and it had only human resources. But its government relied much on the country’s scientists and focused on advancing science and technology. By 1995, the scientific publications (the established measure of S&T performance) of tiny Singapore were 6 times that of the Philippines . India’s economic growth is in rapid progress despite its 1 billion people and high population density (368 persons per sq km against our 300). “Signs are accumulating that India is on course to becoming one of the world’s scientific and technological leaders. . . . more and more young scientists now are opting to stay or at least return to India . Not only are living conditions improving, but opportunities for exciting work are exploding owing to a growing roster of research and development centers that multinational companies have been establishing there in recent years.” African countries, on the other hand, have very low population densities but have remained poor. For example, Zimbabwe , Congo , Mozambique , Sudan , Zambia , and Angola have only 10 to 32 persons per sq km. And it was said, “Whereas science alone cannot save Africa, Africa without science cannot be saved.” While our government, by its pronouncements, has long recognized the importance of S&T to economic growth, it failed to institute programs to improve science (see link below for discussions). Poor science has been our major obstacle to economic growth. And it led to the public’s failure to distinguish between causes and symptoms of national problems. Mainly to blame is the National Academy of Science and Technology, which is mandated “to advise the President and the Cabinet on matters related to science and technology.” Corruption in government and common crimes are also symptoms of underdevelopment. So are poor education and environment degradation. Like poverty and overpopulation problems, they largely disappear as a nation achieves real growth through S&T. The few crooks that remain in developed countries are for sociologists to explain. They are not development related. “Development goals that do not recognize the importance of science and technology in economic transformation are likely to fail, especially those aimed at reducing poverty and raising income levels.” (Harvard Report: Meeting the needs of developing countries, 2001) For more on S&T, see my series of articles on public understanding of science published in a major daily and now posted at www.philippinestoday.net (under SciTech Update). They discuss how science should be done and how the Filipino scientific community has failed in its social responsibility. Poverty is just a symptom, poor science is the cause

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streamis attached to a destination and isntwill reverse the result. stream-name (is | isnt) attached or #current-output (is | isnt) attached or #current-input (is | isnt) attached stream can have three states: unattached, the initial state, stream is attached, its destination can be any one of five types:

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How can I prepare and plan for my role as instructor before the semester starts? Prepare a Syllabus The syllabus communicates to students the course expectations and structure, so it is critical that you fully understand what is being asked of students and what students can expect from the course and instructor(s). The syllabus should clarify the following: - learning goals and objectives - assignments, assessments, & grading policy - course policies and procedures, disability support - schedule & instructor contact details Clarify roles and responsibilities If you are co-teaching or teaching as part of a team, you may wish to raise some of the following questions: - Will the team convene regular meetings? - What is the role of TAs in this course? Should TAs attend lectures? Will TAs be provided with lesson plans/handouts or are they expected to develop their own? - Who will guide the grading of student work? If there are different grades, how will grading be standardized? - Who will hold office hours? How many? Where? What should one expect? Familiarize yourself with the classroom and any instructional technology Find the classroom location & learn to operate the lights, and instructional technology you will be using. Make sure you always have a backup plan of what to do should technology not be working and verify that you have access to all online resources for the course. This can help your first day run more smoothly. Getting used to the room can be helpful for new instructors nervous about teaching for the first time.

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Humanitarian Aid Agencies Brace For Fallout From Syrian Strikes The World Health Organization says the Syrian civil war is currently the worst ongoing humanitarian crisis on earth. Aid groups have been scrambling to provide shelter, food, water and health care to the huge numbers of people who've been uprooted by the fighting. The big question now is whether U.S. military action could spark another wave of refugees and make the situation worse. More than 2 million refugees have now spilled out of Syria into Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey and Iraq, according to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). The World Health Organization has labeled the situation a "Grade 3" emergency, which is its highest alert level — reserved for an event "with substantial public health consequences that requires a substantial international response." Over the past year, the Zaatari camp in Jordan has become the second largest refugee camp in the world, with more than 120,000 residents. The question of possible air strikes by the U.S. is dominating the local news there and appears to be at the forefront of most people's minds. "There's a lot of fear and anxiety and uncertainly about what this [U.S. action] is all going to mean," says Oxfam America president Raymond Offenheiser, who spent last week touring refugee camps. Offenheiser has spoken out publicly against military strikes. He says refugees at Zaatari are concerned that U.S. intervention could make the entire conflict worse. "There are others in the camp who are fearing a retribution attack on Zaatari camp itself," he says, "which is more of a rumor than anything else. But it's emblematic of the kind of anxiety among refugees." Oxfam is mainly involved in providing clean water to people displaced by the fighting, both inside and outside Syria. Oxfam and other aid groups have been setting up contingency plans in case the U.S. does launch strikes against the Syrian regime. The U.N. is stockpiling tents, plastic sheeting and other supplies in Dubai to be able to quickly deploy them throughout the region. The UNHCR is readying a new refugee camp in central Jordan to hold tens of thousands more Syrians. The World Food Program is already distributing emergency food rations both inside and outside Syria to 4.1 million people affected by the fighting. Now the agency is readying grain in warehouses in case the situation deteriorates, says WFP spokesman Abeer Etefa. "In Lebanon, for example we have stocked up in terms of food parcels," she says. "We can provide assistance to an influx of up to 120,000 people at a given point in time." It's very hard to predict how a military strike by the West might affect the flow of refugees, Etefa says. But the WFP's food distribution system inside Syria is already facing huge challenges. "We are taking this day by day. Access is already bad," she says. "There are many areas that we haven't been able to reach for some time." WFP began providing emergency food relief to people displaced by the Syrian civil war almost two years ago. The refugees living in the sprawling tent camps often fled their homes with just the things they could carry, Etefa says. Even if they did have some savings, that money was exhausted a long time ago. "The majority of the people that have fled ... are extremely vulnerable," she says. "They have nothing. They cannot work. They have fled to countries and communities that already have their own share of problems."

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By JEFF PICKELL Some say he was the last of a dying breed—the evil, stark-raving, megalomaniacal lunatic billionaire. He was never too afraid to be afraid of a non-existent threat, never too poor to dump millions of dollars into the liquidation thereof, and never too sane to realize just how crazy he was to feel threatened in the first place. Take, for instance, nuclear testing in the Nevada desert. Plenty of millionaires today are against the testing of nuclear weapons, but that’s mostly because they’re against nuclear proliferation. Howard Hughes, on the other hand, was against nuclear testing because he was afraid of “the contamination” the distant detonation would rain down on the Las Vegas hotel he was holed up in. Lesser maniac billionaires, when faced with the non-threat of contamination from an explosion hundreds of miles away, would’ve folded. They would have packed up their years and years worth of unread newspapers and their meticulously labeled jars of urine and found a new penthouse to hide in. But Howard Hughes was not your garden variety madman. He had vested interests in Las Vegas, like his own TV station, which he demanded stay on 24 hours a day so he would have something to watch when the other broadcasts ended. And his various mistresses, which he kept stationed around the city but refused to let anywhere near him. So, no, moving just would not do. Hughes was convinced the Department of Defense just had to find somewhere else to test their little bombs. And he approached presidents Johnson and Nixon with $1 million bribes to that effect. As legend has it, after reading Hughes’ memo, Nixon said “Just who in the hell does Howard Hughes think he is?” Legend also has it that it was the only bribe Nixon ever declined, and that alone speaks volumes of Hughes’ self-serving psychosis. Hughes came from the golden age of evil billionaires, when William Randolph Hearst owned the media, and Kennedys were bought and sold like toy soldiers. These men didn’t care about the money. These men weren’t in the game for any kind of material gain. No. These men were evil, and they were hellbent on world domination, plain and simple. It is my belief that, somewhere along the line, evil billionaires forgot this purpose. Now, instead of concocting devious schemes that amount to hair brained stabs at power, billionaires are concerned with finances, throwing around terms like “maximizing profit” and “marketing to the target consumers” and “swindling the pants off our stockholders.” And they’ve gotten sloppy. Take the Enron execs. Do you think Howard Hughes would’ve gotten caught with his pants down like they did? Of course he would’ve, and he did, but the difference is, Hughes was addicted to so many pharmaceuticals that he knew he wouldn’t survive detox, so he fled the country and lived the rest of his life on the lam. Like a true evil billionaire, for Hughes, the drugs were always more important than the money. It almost puts shame in my heart to pick up an issue of Time Magazine and see Bill Gates, the richest man on the planet, named Man of the Year. I like to think of April 1976, when Hughes himself was on the cover of that magazine, dressed only in a robe, clinging, with hands full of Kleenex, to the burly man carrying him. They say he squandered $150 million in his final five years alone. Of course, the Time cover was an artist’s interpretation—Hughes was too far gone by this point to even consider letting himself be photographed, but you could still see it in his eyes, that nostalgic, cancerous glimmer that said “I’d buy all the air in the world if only the government would let me.” I’m going to avoid moralizing—it’s not in the best interest of evil, but I will ask this of you: next time you hear tell of Ted Turner buying a million square acres of Montana land for horseback riding, or of Rupert Murdoch pandering to Communist China, or of Michael Jackson’s addiction to plastic surgery, remember the cowardly, compulsive son of a tool baron who started it all—Howard Hughes.– Jan. 25, 2006

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"How Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm" is set in rural America in 1918. World War I has just ended, and America's soldiers are (hopefully) coming home. The song features a couple—hinted to be Reuben and Rachel from the popular song of that name written in 1871—whose son has gone off to war. The couple debate what the end of the war means for their son and what he’s going to do once he returns. The mother assumes that he’ll come back home to the farm, but the father, Reuben, seems to know better. The couple’s plight was common to that of many rural Americans in the early 20th century. During World War I, American troops were engaged in combat for less than a year, and as a result, fatalities were light compared to those suffered by other nations. Yet the impact of the war on America's economy and society was enormous. Mobilization for the distant conflict forced policy makers to think hard about how best to meet the urgent demand for food, ammunition, and other war supplies. This led to the formation of the War Industries Board, charged with overseeing the production of all necessary goods. The work of the board was short-lived, but the lessons learned in how the government might respond to national crises by overseeing economic activity would be applied during the Great Depression and World War II. Moral reformers jumped at the chance to secure long-pursued goals. For decades, temperance reformers had argued that alcohol ruined lives. In particular, they emphasized that it destroyed families and left women and children vulnerable. During the war, these reformers argued that temperance was a war issue. They pointed out that German Americans—suspicious characters who should not be supported—owned many breweries. More important, temperance advocates argued that the grain used to make alcohol would be better used making bread for America's fighting men abroad. These arguments were compelling within the wartime mood of national sacrifice. As a result, the 18th Amendment was adopted prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquor. Other reformers seized wartime opportunities to advance their social and political agendas as well. Women, who had been campaigning for the right to vote for years, increased their efforts, arguing that a nation willing to fight tyranny abroad should be willing to extend basic freedoms to half its own population. Congress and the president eventually responded to this argument by adopting the 19th Amendment, which guaranteed women the right to vote, in 1920.

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Welcome to skydiving. You will now look at the weather in a completely different way. Standard weather forecasts will no longer do. Cloudy? Well, what do you mean by cloudy? How high is the ceiling? Breezy? Windy? So what's the dividing line there? And WTF does "Partly cloudy" really mean, anyway? Soon enough you'll need the AWOS phone number (if there is an AWOS at your airport, that is) so you can call in and hear the magical words "Clear below one two thousand feet." Of course, once you hear that you've gotta listen for Mr. Automated Voice to tell you the winds as well, because those numbers might be nice ... and they might be naughty (high, gusty, or both). And even armed with all that info, a lot of skydiving weather "management" involves going to the DZ and waiting. Waiting for that morning fog to burn off. Waiting for the winds to die down. Waiting for that hole in the clouds to appear right over the DZ. And yeah, some of the limitations are tighter when you're a student, but to be honest, this never really goes away. We're at the mercy of the weather, and every season has its weather challenges to be aware of. (This post was edited by NWFlyer on Dec 18, 2012, 1:57 PM) Post edited by NWFlyer () on Dec 18, 2012, 1:57 PM

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The Speaker's Misguided Notions of Telecom Regulation In a January interview with Illinois Issues magazine, Illinois House Speaker Michael Madigan listed telecommunications reform as one of his top priorities for the current session. That's good, because given the rapid change in the industry, delay would be unwise. Illinois' consumers and businesses risk missing out on the revolution in telecommunications taking place around the country and around the world. A telecom reform bill is currently being debated in the House, although much of the talk seems focused not on the content of reform, but whether the vote ought to be delayed for another year. Unfortunately, Speaker Madigan has a troublesome misunderstanding of the telecom industry. "Why couldn't we follow the model that we followed in electric utility deregulation, where, in essence, we made Commonwealth Edison and the other distribution companies common carriers and took them out of the generation business?" he asked his interviewer in January. In Speaker Madigan's scenario, SBC--and by logical extension any other major facilities-based telecom service provider in Illinois--would be divided into independent wholesale and retail arms. The wholesale arm would likely own the switching and transmission facilities. The retail arm would be responsible for marketing and selling service to customers. This is called "structural separation." There are several reasons why Madigan's proposal is unworkable. For delivering electricity, the wholesale/retail approach makes sense because only a single infrastructure, unlikely to be duplicated, is in place. Large swaths of the country are served by single homogenous grids, sections of which are owned by local power companies. The telecommunications industry is very different. Multiple national and local telecom networks cris-cross the nation and reach into our neighborhoods. The supply chain is diverse and ever-shifting. Consumers have choices ... and service providers do, too. They can turn to many competing vendors for telephone, television, Internet access, and new services that combine and blend elements of all three services. It's difficult for policymakers to accept the breathless cries of "telecom monopoly!" from various interest groups when at the end of the day they call their family on a Verizon cell phone, drive home with the aid of a GM satellite navigation system, download their email from AOL, Yahoo, or MSN, and watch television with Comcast cable or a DirecTV satellite dish. Besides competition among different technologies (called cross-platform competition), there is fierce competition based on differentiation of service. For example, Comcast, a facilities-based cable TV provider, has a strategic agreement with Microsoft and Gemstar-TV Guide to improve the functionality and features of its digital video recorders (DVRs). Comcast seeks to provide new applications and a better user experience, with the ultimate aim of attracting more customers. If Speaker Madigan has his way and a new law decrees a structural separation between telecommunications service providers and owners of the underlying network, it's unlikely Comcast would be able to bring the improved technology to Illinois. The value of these improvements depends on Comcast's ability to leverage its ownership of the underlying network technology. So while our Indiana neighbors would get DVRs and video-on-demand with graphical menus and pushbutton programming, we in Illinois would be stuck with 10-year-old VCRs still flashing 12:00. In a competitive market, consumers benefit most when competitors are free to make their own business decisions, form alliances, and develop unique and differentiated services. That's why it's so frustrating to see legislators floating regulatory "solutions" that approach the telecom industry as if innovation and change were problems to be solved or prevented, rather than key factors in the future growth and competitiveness of Illinois and the U.S. Legislators are consumers, too, which may help explain why they appear to be gridlocked on reform. No matter where they stand politically, they sense the disconnect between the rhetoric of lobbyists and their everyday experiences. That's why I hope Speaker Madigan was just musing when he suggested restructuring the Illinois telecom industry. It would be a pointless attempt to keep a rapidly changing industry heavily regulated and compartmentalized. The Speaker's plan would treat telecom service as if it were a uniform, non-configurable, one-size-fits-all commodity instead of the most rapidly changing and most competitive sector of the U.S. economy. In today's market, where consumers can buy a wide variety of voice, data, and entertainment services in almost any combination and at a wide range of prices, there is simply no reason to go back to the old days of price controls and subsidies. Steven Titch (email@example.com) is senior fellow for IT and telecom policy at The Heartland Institute and managing editor of IT&T News.

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Now in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned 1from India to Ethiopia over provinces, in those days when King Ahasuerus 2sat on his royal throne in 3Susa, the capital,a3 in the third year of his reign 4he gave a feast for all his officials and servants. The army of Persia and Media and the nobles and governors of the provinces were before him, while he showed the riches of his royal glory and the splendor and pomp of his greatness for many days, 180 days. And when these days were completed, the king gave for all the people present in Susa, the citadel, both great and small, a feast lasting for seven days in the court of 5the garden of the king's palace. There were white cotton curtains and violet hangings fastened with cords of fine linen and purple to silver rodsb and marble pillars, and also 6couches of gold and silver on a mosaic pavement of porphyry, marble, mother-of-pearl and precious stones. Drinks were served in golden vessels, vessels of different kinds, and the royal wine was lavished according to the bounty of the king. And drinking was according to this edict: "There is no compulsion." For the king had given orders to all the staff of his palace to do as each man desired. Queen Vashti also gave a feast for the women in the palace that belonged to King Ahasuerus. On the seventh day, 7when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Biztha, 8Harbona, 9Bigtha and Abagtha, Zethar and Carkas, the seven eunuchs who served in the presence of King Ahasuerus, to bring Queen Vashti before the king with 10her royal crown,c in order to show the peoples and the princes her beauty, for she was lovely to look at. But Queen Vashti refused to come at the king's command delivered by the eunuchs. At this the king became enraged, and his anger burned within him. Then the king said to 11the wise men 12who knew the times (for this was the king's procedure toward all who were versed in law and judgment, the men next to him being Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and 13Memucan, 14the seven princes of Persia and Media, 15who saw the king's face, and sat first in the kingdom): "According to the law, what is to be done to Queen Vashti, because she has not performed the command of King Ahasuerus delivered by the eunuchs?" Then Memucan said in the presence of the king and the officials, "Not only against the king has Queen Vashti done wrong, but also against all the officials and all the peoples who are in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus. For the queen's behavior will be made known to all women, causing them to look at their husbands with contempt, since they will say, 'King Ahasuerus commanded Queen Vashti to be brought before him, and she did not come.' This very day the noble women of Persia and Media who have heard of the queen's behavior will say the same to all the king's officials, and there will be contempt and wrath in plenty. If it please the king, let a royal order go out from him, and let it be written among the laws of the Persians and the Medes so 16that it may not be repealed, that Vashti is never again to come before King Ahasuerus. And let the king give her royal position to another who is better than she. So when the decree made by the king is proclaimed throughout all his kingdom, for it is vast, 17all women will give honor to their husbands, high and low alike." This advice pleased the king and the princes, and the king did as Memucan proposed. He sent letters to all the royal provinces, 18to every province in its own script and to every people in its own language, that every man be master in his own household and speak according to the language of his people.

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(AP)— Genteel and old-fashioned Wimbledon discarded one of its longest traditions unequal pay. The All England Club yielded to 21st century realities Thursday, agreeing to pay women the same as men and falling in line with the other Grand Slam tournaments. Six-time singles champion Billie Jean King, a pioneer for women’s sports, said the decision was “a long time coming.” A long time coming, that’s the understatement of the century. Can you believe this huge unjust disparity in pay between men and women took this long to be remedied. I am just beside myself this morning, mainly because I didn’t know this was the case in tennis. Tennis, a sport that lures in viewers for both the great male and female players. What the heck? How come it took so long? Did the women tennis players ever consider boycotting? Why would they grace old fuddy-duddy Wimbledon with their presence at all? And speaking about pay, what the hell is going on with manufacturing jobs? Unionized workers at Harley-Davidson Inc.’s largest manufacturing plant overwhelmingly approved a new labor agreement yesterday, ending a strike that had halted motorcycle production for three weeks. Eighty-three percent of those who voted endorsed the contract, which calls for a 12 percent wage increase over three years, the union said in a statement. Starting wages for new employees will be lower, but they will be able to advance to the same maximum rate earned by current employees. New employees will be paid less to start out. This contract is not unusual. Many manufacturers and unions in many different industries have agreed to these types of terms recently. Instead of having individuals who get these jobs make more starting out than workers made a decade ago, they are making less. Doesn’t that go against everything we know about economics? Salaries are supposed to advance as the years go by. Hello, inflation! But for some reason young people that maybe are following in their mom or dad’s footsteps and becoming assembly line employees are actually taking a step back in pay. The way I see it housing, fuel, food, all these things continue to cost us a prettier penny than they did just five years ago. So, this is truly the generation that will not do better than their parents. When I say this generation, I’m not talking about everyone. Executive salaries are skyrocketing, and members of Congress have great healthcare, but for the majority of the population…sign here on the dotted line. Ratify a contract that turns back the clock on ecominic advancement.

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Education and The Native American Man A recent article appearing on HuffingtonPost.com by Lance A. Twitchell, an assistant professor of Alaska Native Languages for the University of Alaska Southeast, delves into how the Native American man fits into this country's higher education system. He discusses his experiences in a world history class at the University of Minnesota and experiences his students have related to him. He says the classroom needs to change. "American education has often felt that letting indigenous consciousnesses into its classrooms will weaken the overall education system, which is an outdated and incorrect mindset born out of a fear and/or disgust for the Other," Twitchell says in the article. "In fact, we will awaken a side that is in desperate need of attention: humanity." Read his full article, titled "Education and The Colonial Frontier: The Right Place for a Native American Man?" at HuffingtonPost.com.

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Umbilicus rupestris (Navelwort, Penny-pies, Wall Pennywort) is a fleshy, perennial, edible flowering plant in the stonecrop family Crassulaceae (in the genus Umbilicus) so named for its penny- or navel-shaped leaves. Both the name "navelwort" and the scientific name "Umbilicus" come from the round shape of the leaves, which have a navel-like depression in the center. The plant is found in southern and western Europe, often growing on shady walls or in damp rock crevices that are sparse in other plant growth (thus, "wall" pennywort), where its succulent leaves develop in rosettes. The plant is sometimes employed to ease pain on scratches by applying the leaf to the skin after removing the lower cuticle. Jade tree a gem for some gardens Walnut Creek resident Ruth Bancroft is a national authority on drought-resistant gardening. Twice a month, she and her staff share their knowledge with readers. Jan 12, 2008; AMONG succulent plants that come into flower in winter, one of the most commonly grown is the jade tree, Crassula ovata. It is...

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Paying for college is a big task for many students. Each year, it gets even tougher as college tuition steadily increases. That means students have to rely more and more on financial aid and scholarships. Tuition has gone up 5.5 percent each year for the past five years UW-La Crosse. While that might seem like a big number, it's actually one of the more affordable colleges in the Midwest. "I chose UW-La Crosse because it was pretty cheap," said UW-L freshman Maggie Ramirez. For more and more students like Ramirez, where you go to college has a lot to do with how much you'll have to pay. "It limited my college choices for sure. Sometimes it makes you think, "Is it worth it going to a four year, or should I just settle for a two year?'" said Ramirez. "I'm not from a well-off family but my mom just recently graduated from college and she has her loan that she's paying and she didn't want me to have a huge loan and fell the pressure she's feeling," said UW-L freshman Andrew Vitonne. The median family income in Wisconsin has been decreasing during the past few years to $52,000 a year. But college tuition in the state is just the opposite. "I feel like each year it keeps getting bigger and bigger," said UW-L freshman Andrew Vandenboogaard. "It is very challenging these days to keep the tuition low because the state support has been cut pretty dramatically over the past 8 to 10 years," said UW-L Chancellor Joe Gow. 5 UW-L Chancellor Joe Gow says although tuition is pretty low compared to other universities, they're not underestimating how difficult it can be for students to afford to go to college. "We're in the middle of a significant $15 million scholarship fundraising campaign over the next few years because we know our students need more financial assistance," said Gow. It's a much-needed effort as more and more students rely on scholarships and financial aid to earn their college degree. "I was fortunate enough to get a lot of scholarships. I still have to pay a good amount but it's not as much as I would have had to," said Vitonne. "Before financial aid I probably had to go around eight or nine and now it's great it's allowed me to be here financially it's really helped," said Ramirez. UW-L already has a scholarship program for its students. If the university is able to raise the $15 million it will double the current program. UW-L was recently listed on Kiplinger's 100 best values in public education for academic quality and affordability.

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(1953 - ) Jibril Rajoub is a Palestinian political and military figure who is a leading voice within the Fatah Party. Rajoub, who is also known by the moniker Abu Rami, was born in the village of Dura, near the city of Hebron in the southern West Bank. In 1968, at age 15, he was arrested by Israel's Shin Bet security service on suspicion of aiding fleeing Egyptian officers, and spent four months in prison. After his release from jail, Rajoub joined Fatah. In September 1970, he was arrested for throwing a grenade at an Israeli army bus near Hebron. He was later tried and convicted of this attack and of membership in an armed group, and sentenced to life in prison. In 1985, Rajoub was among the 1,150 Arab prisoners freed in an exchange deal for three Israeli hostages held by the PFLP terror group. He was soon rearrested for resuming terrorist activities but was released seven months later. In September 1986, he was yet again arrested for terrorist activity, and was imprisoned until March 1987. In December 1987, Rajoub was arrested for the fifth time, this time related to his activities during the First Intifada. He was deported to Lebanon in January 1988 and later relocated to Tunisia where he served as an advisor on the intifada to Fatah deputy leader Khalil al-Wazir. After Wazir's assassination, he became a close lieutenant of Yasser Arafat and was allegedly behind a 1992 plot to assassinate Israeli military leader and political leader Ariel Sharon. Following the signing of the Oslo Accords in September 1993, Rajoub was allowed to return to the West Bank where he assumed the role as head of the Preventive Security Force (PSF) until 2002. As head of the Preventive Security Service in the West Bank, Rajoub led one of the most powerful of the Palestinian Authority's various security agencies and had several thousand officers under his command. In 2003, Arafat appointed him as his national security advisor. During his tenure, he was accused of using the PSF to quash political dissent and harass political opponents. In 2009, Rajoub was elected to the Fatah Central Committee where he currently acts as the deputy secretary general. Rajoub is also the head of the Palestinian Olympic committee and leads the Palestinian Football Federation. Despite Western efforts to portray Rajoub as a moderate, he is repeatedly made incindiary remarks about Israel and its place in the Middle East. In July 2012, during international debate on whether to hold a minute of silence at the 2012 London Olympics in memory of the murdered Israeli athletes from the 1972 Munich games, Rajoub - as head of the Palestinian Olympic Committee - wrote to IOC President Jacques Rogges in opposition to the motion, saying that "sports are a bridge for love ... and should not be used for divisiveness and the spread of racism." During an interview with Lebanese TV in May 2013, Rajoub said, "Resistance to Israel remains on [Palestinian] agenda ... I mean resistance in all of its forms ... we believe that popular resistance - with all that it entails - is effective and costly to [Israel]." Sources: MSNBC, (December 6, 2001); Wikipedia; FrontPage Mag (May 9, 2013); Times of Israel (May 7, 2013); Jewish Press (July 26, 2012)

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OLYMPIA — Providence St. Peter Hospital is trying to prevent child sexual abuse. They say abusers are not the only problem. They think people who look the other way when they suspect abuse are also at fault. “Child abuse and sexual victimization is an epidemic, but the bigger epidemic is the silence,” she said Thursday night. That’s why a few years ago, the Sexual Assault Clinic at Providence St. Peter Hospital started hosting “Darkness to Light” classes. They wanted to raise awareness of just how widespread the problem is. “It’s estimated one in four girls and one in six boys is sexually victimized by the age of 18. Nine out of 10 never tell.” Thursday’s class was made up of parents and community members who work with children, like Carrie Heist. “I work with foster children and lot of trauma is involved with these kids, so I’m always trying to expand my knowledge,” says the court-appointed special advocate. She says there have been times where she thought a child was suffering from abuse, but she didn’t know how to broach the subject. Wahl hopes after the class that Heist and others will feel more comfortable stepping in when something with a child doesn’t seem right. “I want them to know they can do their part to make that call, to make that report, or to check in with that child and ask how they’re doing,” Wahl says. She adds that one small step might be enough to put an end to the abuse for at least one child.

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Definition of Patent ductus arteriosus Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a condition in which a blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus fails to close normally in an infant soon after birth. (The word “patent” means open.) Causes, incidence, and risk factors Before birth, the ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the baby’s lungs by connecting the pulmonary arteries (which supply blood to the lungs) with the aorta (which supplies blood to the body). Soon after the infant is born and the lungs fill with air, this blood vessel is no longer needed. It will usually close within a couple of days. If the ductus arteriosus does not close, there will be abnormal blood circulation between the heart and lungs. A small PDA may not cause any symptoms. However, some infants may not tolerate a PDA, especially if it is large, and may have symptoms such as: Signs and tests Babies with PDA often have a characteristic heart murmur that can be heard with a stethoscope. However, in premature infants, a heart murmur may not be heard. Doctor’s may suspect the condition if the infant has breathing or feeding problems soon after birth. The goal of treatment, if the rest of circulation is normal or close to normal, is to close the PDA. In the presence of certain other heart problems, such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome, the PDA may actually be lifesaving and medicine may be used to prevent it from closing. If a small PDA remains open, heart symptoms may or may not eventually develop. Persons with a moderate or large PDA could eventually develop heart problems unless the PDA is closed. Kurt R. Schumacher, MD, Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, Ann Arbor, MI. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. – 12/21/2009

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SEATTLE - Homework does not have to be a battle between kids and parents. At a workshop in Seattle today, after-school care providers are learning strategies to help kids of all ages with their homework assignments. The trainer, Karen Summers with School's Out Washington, says parents can use the same tips. Adults can and should be involved in their kids' homework, as long as they do not do it for them, she says. Part of the adult's role is to encourage a routine and good work habits that help the child learn responsibility, Summers explains. "It's important to help children learn how to go about doing a task like homework - how to organize themselves, how to decide what order to do things in. The other critical piece is how much time it takes to do a homework task." Summers describes her approach as "ask, listen and encourage," and she says it works - even with older teens. She recommends sitting down with kids of any age and talking them through a tough assignment. That starts by asking questions that don't have "yes or no" answers, she suggests. "Sometimes those questions are reflective questions, meaning we're asking children to think about something, trying to find the thread. So ask 'What do you already know? Tell me what you already know and let's build on that.'" Summers says it's too easy to complain about homework on a busy evening or weekend. Instead, she cautions adults to keep their comments positive and to not hesitate to contact the teacher for ideas. She says homework should be seen as part of a bigger picture, and making it more of a partnership can strengthen the relationship between parent and child.

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Every three years, the World Water Forum mobilizes creativity, innovation, competence and know-how in favour of water. The five World Water Forums organised since 1997 have placed water on the international political agenda and contributed to a global awareness of the water issues. The event gathers a wide variety of stakeholders from the water industry. Companies, NGO’s, experts and political leaders attend the event in order to discuss current global issues in water. The theme for the 6th Forum is “Time for Solutions”. Finland has been invited to participate in the Forum and Exhibition with a country pavilion. Cleantech Finland and Finnish Water Forum are coordinating the Finnish showcase in cooperation with Finnish companies and organisations. www.worldwaterforum6.org/en/

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Arsenic poisoning kills by allosteric inhibition of essential metabolic enzymes, leading to death from multi-system organ failure. It primarily inhibits enzymes that require lipoic acid as a cofactor, such as pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Because of this, substrates before the dehydrogenase steps accumulate, such as pyruvate (and lactate). It particularly affects the brain, causing neurological disturbances and death. Symptoms include violent stomach pains in the region of the bowels; tenderness and pressure; retching ; excessive saliva production; vomiting ; sense of dryness and tightness in the throat; thirst; hoarseness and difficulty of speech; the matter vomited, greenish or yellowish, sometimes streaked with blood; diarrhea ; sometimes excoriation of the anus; urinary organs occasionally affected with violent burning pains and suppression; convulsions ; clammy sweats; lividity of the extremities; countenance collapsed; eyes red and sparkling; delirium . Some of these symptoms may be absent where the poisoning results from inhalation, as of arseniuretted hydrogen Symptoms of arsenic poisoning start with mild headaches and can progress to lightheadedness and usually, if untreated, will result in death. Arsenic poisoning can lead to a variety of problems, from skin cancer to keratoses of the feet. Treatment and testing It is extremely important to seek medical advice immediately if arsenic poisoning is suspected. One way to test for arsenic poisoning is by checking hair follicles . If arsenic is in the bloodstream , it will enter hair and remain there for many years. Chemical and synthetic methods are now used to treat arsenic poisoning. Dimercaprol and Succimer are chelating agents which sequester the arsenic away from blood proteins and are used in treating acute arsenic poisoning. The most important side-effect is hypertension. Dimercaprol is considerably more toxic than succimer. In the journal Food and Chemical Toxicology, Keya Chaudhuri of the Indian Institute of Chemical Biology in Kolkata, and her colleagues reported giving rats daily doses of arsenic in their water, in levels equivalent to those found in groundwater in Bangladesh and West Bengal. Those rats which were also fed garlic extracts had 40 per cent less arsenic in their blood and liver, and passed 45 per cent more arsenic in their urine. The conclusion is that sulfur-containing substances in garlic scavenge arsenic from tissues and blood. The presentation concludes that people in areas at risk of arsenic contamination in the water supply should eat one to three cloves of garlic per day as a preventative. Journal of Food and Chemical Toxicology, DOI see: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.108 The LD50 for pure arsenic is 763 mg/kg (by ingestion) and 13 mg/kg (by intraperitoneal injection). For a 70 kg (~155 lb) human, this works out to about 53 grams (less than 2 ounces). However, compounds containing arsenic can be significantly more toxic. Nearly all reported arsenic poisonings were not caused by pure arsenic, but by arsenic-oxygen compounds, especially arsenic trioxide, which is approximately 500 times more toxic than pure arsenic, and by arsine. In addition to its use as a poison, arsenic was used medicinally for centuries and was used extensively to treat syphilis was introduced. Arsenic was replaced as a therapeutic agent by sulfa drugs and then by antibiotics . Arsenic was also an ingredient in many tonics (or "patent medicines "). In addition, during the Victorian era , some women used a mixture of vinegar , and arsenic applied topically to whiten their skin. The use of arsenic was intended to prevent aging and creasing of the skin, but some arsenic was inevitably absorbed into the blood stream. Some pigments, most notably the popular Emerald Green (known also under several other names), were based on arsenic compounds. Overexposure to these pigments was a frequent cause of accidental poisoning of artists and craftsmen. Arsenicosis: chronic arsenic poisoning from drinking water arsenic poisoning results from drinking water with high levels of arsenic over a long period of time. This may occur due to arsenic contamination of groundwater Effects include changes in skin color, formation of hard patches on the skin, skin cancer, lung cancer, cancer of the kidney and bladder, and can lead to gangrene. The World Health Organization recommends a limit of 0.01 mg/L (10ppb) of arsenic in drinking water. This recommendation was established based on the limit of detection of available testing equipment at the time of publication of the WHO water quality guidelines. More recent findings show that consumption of water with levels as low as 0.00017mg/L (0.17ppb) over long periods of time can lead to arsenicosis. Non-carcinogenic chronic effects include liver injury—jaundice and cirrhosis;—peripheral vascular disease involving blueness of the extremities; Raynaud's syndrome; blackfoot disease (a type of gangrene); anemia, resulting from impaired heme biosynthesis; and hyperkeratosis of the skin. There are also multiple lines of evidence for the carcinogenic effects of arsenic. Arsenic has been known to cause many problems in Third World countries where groundwater supplies have been contaminated by arsenic derived from geologically recent fluvial deposits containing arseno-pyrites. This is a particular problem in Bangladesh where tube wells installed since the 1970s have intercepted ground waters flowing in the fluvial deposits. Concentrations in these wells can exceed 1 part per thousand whereas the WHO maximum level is 10 parts per billion. See Arsenic contamination of groundwater. Roger Smith, Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology Emeritus, Dartmouth Medical School , , has confirmed that natural arsenic contamination of drinking water has also been a problem in wells in New Hampshire. Chronic low-level arsenic poisoning, or arsenicosis, as is seen in Bangladesh, can potentially cause cancer. In the 8th century A.D, an Arab alchemist became the first to prepare arsenic trioxide , a white, tasteless, odorless powder. Jabir's preparation seemed the ideal poison as it left no traceable (at the time) elements in the body. Arsenic became a favorite murder weapon of the Middle Ages and Renaissance, particularly among ruling classes in Italy, notably the Borgias. Because the symptoms are similar to those of cholera, which was common at the time, arsenic poisoning often went undetected. By the 19th C., it had acquired the nickname "inheritance powder," perhaps because impatient heirs were known or suspected to use it to ensure or accelerate their inheritances. Elizabeth Báthory is also suspected of having used arsenic to poison male lovers so that they could never leave her, probably as a result of her first husband having an affair. In ancient Korea, and particularly in Joseon Dynasty, arsenic-sulfur compounds have been used as a major ingredient of sayak (사약; 賜藥), which was a poison cocktail used in capital punishment of high-profile political figures and members of the royal family. Due to social and political prominence of the condemned, many of these events were well-documented, often in the Annals of Joseon Dynasty; they are sometimes portrayed in historical television miniseries because of their dramatic nature. On April 27, 2003, sixteen members of the Gustaf Adolph Lutheran Church in New Sweden, Maine, became ill following the church coffee hour; one died a short time later. Investigation revealed that the coffee had been heavily laced with arsenic. As of the 2005 publication of Christine Ellen Young's A Bitter Brew, no one had been formally charged with the crime. However, the Discovery Health channel (date?) reported that Daniel Bondeson, who was found with bullet wounds to his chest at a farm, wrote a note saying that he was responsible for the poisoning. He succumbed to the injuries while undergoing surgery. Murder mystery stories often feature arsenic poisoning, although they commonly omit the more disagreeable symptoms. Famous victims (known and alleged) Arsenic poisoning, accidental or deliberate, has been implicated in the illness and death of a number of prominent people throughout history. Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany Recent forensic evidence uncovered by Italian scientists suggests that Francesco and his wife were poisoned possibly by his brother and successor Fernando George III of Great Britain (1738 – 1820) personal health was a concern throughout his long reign. He suffered from periodic episodes of physical and mental illness, five of them disabling enough to require the King to withdraw from his duties. In 1969, researchers asserted that the episodes of madness and other physical symptoms were characteristic of the disease porphyria , which was also identified in members of his immediate and extended family. In addition, a 2004 study of samples of the King's hair revealed extremely high levels of arsenic , which is a possible trigger of disease symptoms. A 2005 article in the medical journal The Lancet suggested the source of the arsenic could be the antimony used as a consistent element of the King's medical treatment. The two minerals are often found in the same ground, and mineral extraction at the time was not precise enough to eliminate arsenic from compounds containing antimony. There is a theory that Napoleon Bonaparte (1769 – 1821) suffered and died from arsenic poisoning during his imprisonment on the island of Saint Helena . Forensic samples of his hair did show high levels, 13 times the normal amount, of the element. This, however, does not prove deliberate poisoning by Napoleon's enemies: copper arsenite has been used as a pigment in some wallpapers , and microbiological liberation of the arsenic into the immediate environment would be possible. The case is equivocal in the absence of clearly authenticated samples of the wallpaper. As Napoleon's body lay for nearly 20 years in a grave on the island, before being moved to its present resting place in Paris , arsenic from the soil could also have polluted the sample. Even without contaminated wallpaper or soil, commercial use of arsenic at the time provided many other routes by which Napoleon could have consumed enough arsenic to leave this forensic trace. Charles Francis Hall American explorer Charles Francis Hall (1821-1871) died unexpectedly during his third Arctic expedition aboard the ship Polaris . After returning to the ship from a sledging expedition Hall drank a cup of coffee and fell violently ill. He collapsed in what was described as a fit. He suffered from vomiting and delirium for the next week, then seemed to improve for a few days. He accused several of the ship's company, including ship's physician Dr. Emil Bessels with whom he had longstanding disagreements, of having poisoned him. Shortly thereafter, Hall again began suffering the same symptoms, died, and was taken ashore for burial. Following the expedition's return a US Navy investigation ruled that Hall had died from apoplexy In 1968, however, Hall's biographer Chauncey C. Loomis, a professor at Dartmouth College, traveled to Greenland to exhume Hall's body. Due to the permafrost, Hall's body, flag shroud, clothing and coffin were remarkably well preserved. Tissue samples of bone, fingernails and hair showed that Hall died of poisoning from large doses of arsenic in the last two weeks of his life, consistent with the symptoms party members reported. It is possible that Hall dosed himself with quack medicines which included the poison, but it is more likely that he was murdered by Dr. Bessels or one of the other members of the expedition. Huo Yuan Jia Huo Yuan Jia made his name as a Chinese martial artist. There was rumour that he was poisoned in 1910 during his fight with the Japanese, who accused China and the Chinese of being the "sick man of Asia". His death was not due to the fight but of his chronic illness. Clare Boothe Luce A later case of arsenic poisoning is that of Clare Boothe Luce , (1903 – 1987) the American ambassador to Italy 1953-1956. Although she did not die from her poisoning, she suffered an increasing variety of physical and psychological symptoms until arsenic poisoning was diagnosed, and its source traced to the old, arsenic-laden flaking paint on the ceiling of her bedroom. Another source (see below) explains her poisoning as resulting from eating food contaminated by flaking of the ceiling of the embassy dining room. , a pigment frequently used by Impressionist painters , is based on arsenic. Cezanne developed severe diabetes , which is a symptom of chronic arsenic poisoning. Monet 's blindness and Van Gogh 's neurological disorders could have been partially due to their use of Emerald Green. Poisoning by other commonly used substances, including liquor and absinthe pigments, mercury-based Vermilion , and solvents such as turpentine , could also be a factor in these cases. 75 years after his death in 1932, forensic scientists determined the famous and largely successful Australian racehorse Phar Lap died after ingesting a massive dose of arsenic. - Harvey, Richard A. "Biochemistry, 3rd Edition." Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews, 2005. - Kind, Stuart and Overman, Michael. "Science Against Crime". Doubleday and Company, Inc., New York, 1972. ISBN 0-385-09249-0. - Saha KC (2003). "Diagnosis of arsenicosis". Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering 38 (1): 255–72. - Powell, Michael "101 People You Won't Meet In Heaven" First Lyons Press edition 2007 ISBN 978-1-59921-105-3

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I have been doing Arney, family research for 35 years, and I have never heard the mention of Peter Arney's Journal, have any of you? I was sent an email, who stated that one of her relatives, had seen Peter Arney's Journal, and that it talked about Peter Arney running away after being bound to John Fullenwider (Fulenwider), in 1787, to live with family in Virginia. Should this journal be found, it would explain, why Peter Arney left Lincoln County, North Carolina, and went to Wythe County, Virginia. Where he met and married his Wife, Margaret (Surname/Maiden name, unknown). Now, the person also stated, that she confronted the family, that "supposedly" had this journal, and they claim they have never seen it. Has anyone else heard this story, about Peter Arney's Journal?Thank you, for your time, consideration, and cooperation, I truly appreciate it. My Arney family, in Tennessee, begins with the family Patriarch, Peter Arney. Peter Arney, arrived in the Cumberland area between Kentucky and Tennessee, around 1799. 1799 - Smith County formed from Sumner County, Tennessee 1801 - Jackson County formed from Smith County, Tennessee 1806 - Overton County formed from Jackson County, Tennessee Peter Arney's name, can be found on an 1801 Tennessee Petition, to halt the annexation of Smith & Wilson Counties to create a new county. This petition failed, due to the fact that, Jackson County was created from Smith County anyway. Peter Arney's name, can next be found, on the 1802 Jackson County, Tennessee Tax List. September 1814, Peter Arney purchases 300 acres of land (on which he is already residing), in Overton County, from John Sevier. 1820, Peter Arney's name, appears on the 1820 US Federal Census, State of Tennessee, Overton County. (the 1st Official US Census, conducted for Tennessee) Peter Arney died in August, 1845, in Overton County, Tennessee. In 1865, at the end of the American Civil War, the Overton County Courthouse was burned down, destroying hundreds of documents, including birth/baptism records, marriage records, tax lists, etc. Therefore, crucial records of this family, prior to 1865, were lost. In 1942-43, the Corps of Engineers, were charged with the grim task of digging up and moving graves, in preparation for the creation of Dale Hollow Lake. Much of the area, where Dale Hollow Lake would be created, was once where the Arney family originally lived. Many of their ancestors were buried on those grounds, that were to be covered by water. Their lands, the towns in which they lived in or near, etc. were to be lost forever (Lillydale, Willow Grove, etc.). When it came to digging up graves, to move them to higher grounds (i.e. cemeteries elsewhere), families were given a choice, either they could leave their loved ones graves where they were (undisturbed), or allow them to be dug up (free of charge) by the Corps of Engineers. When the Corps of Engineers went onto land (not actually designated a true cemetery), if there was more than one grave, they (Corps of Engineers) labeled it themselves, as a "cemetery". They found 3 such areas, when it came to my Arney family, therefore there were officially 3 separate "Arney Cemeteries". The majority of these graves, were marked simply with metal crosses pained white, with no identifiable features to know the name of the person buried beneath it. Therefore, the majority of Arney graves that were moved were titled/labeled, "unknown graves". I seek to find, what I term, "DTP" (Definitive Tangible Proof), of my Arney families existence, in Tennessee. Obviously, not being able to identify grave markers, is a great hinderance, and huge setback. Then with the loss of records, from the Overton County Courthouse fire, an even greater setback. How anyone, has been able to tie individual to individual, prior to the 1850 US Federal Census, is beyond me. Any help you can provide, will be greatly appreciated. Thank you, for your time, consideration, and cooperation, I truly appreciate it. I am looking for information about Tine Smith (various spellings of first name exist). She was born April 1863 in Tennessee. According to the 1900 US Census she was living with the William Tinsley family in Tinsley"s Bottom as a day laborer. Tinsley's Bottom is located on the edges of Jackson and Clay County, TN. She had an infant son there also, named Amos Smith (my grandfather). In 1904 she married a man named Falander Sutton (also various spellings of first name), in Overton County, TN. In the 1910 US Census she and Filander Sutton were listed as living in Clay County, TN along with his son Thomas S Sutton. She died between 1910 and 1920 census. This is the only information I have been able to find. Would like to know her parents names and location, any information about her would be great. If there is any further information out there anywhere I'd be very appreciative if you'd share it with me.

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About the Zoo Come to Niabi Zoo and explore over 40 sprawling acres, home to over 330 animals representing more than 140 species from around the world. Located just minutes from the heart of the Quad Cities in Coal Valley, Illinois, Niabi Zoo is one of the top attractions in the area. Conserve. Educate. Preserve. Niabi Zoo places great emphasis on educating children and adults about the importance of conservation. Our education center is a great place to learn about the animals that call Niabi Zoo home and serves as our classroom. We strive to foster care and understanding for wild animals and wild places in every visitor to Niabi Zoo and as we work in the community. Our Mission: Connecting the community with the natural world through conservation leadership and engaging educational experiences.

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Skip to comments.Leprosy patients from Hawaii to see canonization of Fr. Damien Posted on 09/26/2009 12:56:47 PM PDT by NYer .- Eleven elderly leprosy patients from Hawaii will travel to the Vatican for the canonization ceremony of Fr. Damien de Veuster, the heroic priest who cared for leprosy patients in Hawaii and died of the disease. The patients attending doctor called Fr. Damien their personal saint. The Belgian-born priest is a hero in Hawaii for caring for those victims banished to the isolated Kalaupapa peninsula. Native Hawaiians were devastated by leprosy, which appeared after the arrival of Captain James Cook in 1778. About 90 percent of the approximately 8,000 people exiled to the peninsula were native Hawaiians. The state of Hawaii stopped exiling leprosy victims in 1969, more than two decades after a reliable treatment was discovered. Many patients chose to stay at the colony because the community had become their home. Eleven of the about 20 patients still living at Kalaupapa will make the 12,000-mile trip to Rome for the priests canonization, according to the Associated Press. Their physician, Dr. Kalani Brady, said the trip will be an energy-laden voyage for many patients. "They're going to see their personal saint canonized, Brady told the Associated Press. The event is incredibly important, incredibly personal for them. Since 1936, Fr. Damiens body has rested in his Belgian hometown of Tremelo. However, his grave at Kalaupapa contains a relic of his right hand. The canonization of Fr. Damien was announced earlier this year after the Vatican's Congregation for the Causes of Saints ruled that there was no medical explanation for a womans recovery from terminal cancer. She had prayed to Fr. Damien to intercede for a cure. Pope Benedict XVI will preside over the canonization on October 11. The priest was beatified in 1995 by Pope John Paul II. Pope Benedict is expected to meet privately with the patients during their stay in Rome. About 650 people from Hawaii are traveling to Rome for the canonization. Most are expected to be part of the delegation of the Catholic Diocese of Honolulu. A Boy Scout group called the St. Damien Boy Scouts of Oahu will document the capstone event and their travels on the internet using a blog, YouTube and Facebook. In an August interview, Scout Master John Fielding told CNA about his scouts planned journey and the place of Fr. Damien in Hawaii. Fr. Damien is not only a symbol of our Church, but he is a hero to the Hawaiian people for his sacrifice, he explained. Fr. Damiens statue is in the front of the Hawaii State Capitol and the U.S. Congress. Damien Memorial High School, where one of our scouts attends, is named in his honor. Even if you are not Catholic, you know of his sacrifice and love for the many Hawaiians left to die there [at Molokai]. The scouts have set up a Facebook account under the name of Damien de Veuster and have set up a YouTube channel named saintdmienscouts. They will also report on their journey at http://stdamienboyscouts.wordpress.com Translation for the benefit of non-Catholic visitors to this thread: She had prayed (i.e. asked) Fr. Damien to intercede for a cure. The miracle came from God, not Fr. Damien. But I thought all white men were devils to the native islanders... On our trips to Waikiki we've gone to St. Augustine...they have a small but informative museum about Fr. Damien. Priest Who Aided Lepers In Hawaii To Become Saint "Lepers' Apostle" to Be Declared a Saint Finally, It's Official: Molokai's Hero = Hawaii's Saint A Parish of Lepers [Bl. Damien Joseph de Veuster of Molokai] Bld. Damien Joseph de Veuster of Molokai Is Leprosy curable? Kalaupapa has the longest point break in the Islands. The reporter never gets around to saying when Damien was born and died. Died in the early 1890s, I think. 3 January 1840 15 April 1889 Yes .... read more here. My netflix DVD that showed up today is “MOLOKAI”, the story of Father Damien. Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

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I don't know grammar: how can I learn the basics? Native speakers of English can generally use English grammar very well, but may be unfamiliar with the terminology of grammar, particularly if this wasn't taught at school. On the other hand, non-native speakers of English are often familiar with grammatical terms, but may have difficulty finding the right structures or using the grammatical rules of English consistently. For native speakers, there are a few ways to learn basic terminology and models of English grammar: e.g. online resources, workshops at the Learning Centre, many published books, or Linguistics courses. For non-native speakers, there are many published books, English language courses and workshops to increase your knowledge of English grammar. However, if you want to improve your use of English grammar in writing or conversation, the best technique is to increase the hours of English conversation that you take part in each day. For many international students, this takes planning and effort, such as joining a club or moving into a share house with people who do not speak your native language.

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Golden Shellback is a coating that lets you spill, pour, or submerge your gadget in a liquid and have it survive. Golden Shellback says it will protect against oils, water-based liquids, synthetic fluids, dust and dirt. Tekzilla's Patrick Norton shot a segment on Golden Shellback and has footage of cellphones and CB radios functioning normally under a foot of water (Golden Shellback claimed the CB sat underwater for 455 consecutive hours). Apparently, the coating is applied in a vacuum and covers both the inner and outer components of a gadget, which doesn't conduct electricity. Golden Shellback hopes the protective coating will be available soon, and expect the service to cost between $50-$75 depending on the size of the gadget. But seeing is believing, so you should watch the video, which is borderline mindblowing. [Golden Shellback via Tekzilla via gCaptain]

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Puerto Rico has long been known as la Isla Encantada - the Enchanted Island, but it would be just as fitting if the island’s vibrant capital, San Juan, came to be called la Ciudad Encantada -- the enchanted city. Grand stone fortresses hug the Atlantic Coast, golden beaches lead to crystal waters, and laughter from the myriad squares, hotels, and restaurants trickles over the cobblestones and streets just like the waters that flow around this gorgeous city. Perhaps the best news of all is that San Juan is easy to visit. Puerto Rico became a commonwealth of the United States in 1898, and since then the English language, U.S. currency, and a modern infrastructure have augmented the local Spanish culture. An added perk for US travelers: you won’t need a passport or extra time to get through customs. Just grab a bathing suit, book a room, and soon enough you’ll be enjoying the waterfalls, fountains, oceans, and pools that make up wet and wonderful San Juan. 5…Explore an ancient fort You’d hardly be the first visitor to appreciate the spectacular views over the Atlantic Ocean in San Juan. The Spanish Conquistadores created the castle-like Fuerte San Felipe del Morro, referred to simply as El Morro, between 1540 and 1873, from which to survey these same crystal waters (although the Conquistadores were searching for unfriendly marauders, not the luxury cruise ships that currently ply the sea here). On a rocky outcropping at the northern tip of the city, rising nearly 140 feet above the sea, it’s hard to miss this National Historical Monument. The interior contains many dark passageways and thick stone walls that will give you a chill even on the hottest summer day. The views from the ramparts are spectacular, and get even more so as you climb higher up the fort’s six tiers. For even more dazzling views, lace up your walking shoes and head over to Castillo San Cristóbal. The 18th century fortress once marked the eastern entrance to the walled city of San Juan and was used by the Spanish to guard against land attacks. It covers 27 acres and has a labyrinth of secret corridors, not to mention sweeping views of the city and the coast. 4…Walk among the waterfalls Less than an hour’s drive south from San Juan is lush green El Yunque, the only tropical rainforest managed by the U.S. Forest Service. This canopied oasis is a cool reprieve from the city’s tropical heat and contains towering waterfalls, thousand-year-old trees, exotic flora, massive vines, and diminutive coquí frogs whose loud call of “coe-KEE, coe-KEE” reverberates through the air. This is, oddly, a driving destination---a highway runs through the forest---and you’ll hit your first falls within minutes of entering the park: La Coca, incongruously situated right along the side of the road. The 85 foot drop can range from a scenic trickle, which allows you to climb up for a closer look, to raging waters not to be messed with, depending on the weather. Hop back in your vehicle and within another minute or so you’ll be in front of the romantic Yokahu Tower (a great photo op if the sun is out). Refrain from climbing to the top and save your legs for the 30 minute hike to lovely La Mina falls. After you’ve taken in the rushing water, you can take a swim in the bracing waters as well. Speaking of water, be sure to bring a poncho or other rain gear – the rain forest is aptly named. 3…Get squared in Old San Juan One of the highlights of spending time in Old San Juan is exploring the outdoor squares where locals gather to stroll, snack, and even splash. Sherbet-hued buildings with wrought-iron balconies line the squares and 16th-century cobblestone walkways of the old city. In these squares you’ll find authentic Puerto Rican fare along with some of the best shopping and people watching in the city. Two of the most popular are Plaza de Colón and Plaza de Armas, both great places to pull up a bench and spend some time soaking in the atmosphere. In the same area of the old city is Calle Fortaleza, a hot-spot for trendy restaurants fit for foodies and hopping nightlife. Two enduring favorites are the Parrot Club (737-725-7370), which features Puerto Rican-influenced dishes such as a local dorado ceviche and barbecue ribs with a dark rum sauce, and hipster-magnet Dragonfly (787-977-3886) where late-night crowds line up for hybrid Asian-Latin cuisine, sushi, and killer cocktails. 2…Behold the beaches San Juan’s golden, palm tree-lined beaches positively sing out for you to pull up a towel and toast yourself and there are several top spots to try out the sand and surf. Playa del Condado, home to many of the city’s big hotels, has a long, wide stretch of snowy sand, beach bars, water sports outlets, and chair rentals (but, alas, no lifeguards). Balneario de Carolina, at the eastern tip of Isla Verde (and close enough to the airport to read the small-print on descending jets), is many San Juan residents’ favorite stretch of sand. Its spacious shore has lifeguards, changing areas, and plenty of ocean views to go around. Playa de Ocean Park, between Condado and Isla Verde, is a wind-blown, 1-mile long strip of beach, whose waters are a bit choppy for swimming, but win a gold-medal with wind- and kite-surfers. Finally, just south of the city, about a half-hour’s drive, is Balneario de Luquillo, possibly the most beautiful beach on an island of beautiful beaches. Although all Puerto Rican beaches are legally open to the public, “Balnearios” are actually run by the government and have amenities such as lifeguards, bathrooms, playgrounds, and picnic tables. Luquillo has all this and a plethora of popular kiosks hawking fried snacks and as fresh-as-it-gets seafood. 1…Enjoy paradise poolside Be it a small patch of blue or a massive water-slide-enhanced wonder, every hotel in San Juan offers a refreshing pool in which to take a dip, and lounge chairs where you can zone out with a book or just admire the sun’s reflection. Bigger hotels, especially those in the Condado area, also have chair-side (or even in-pool) waiter service, perfect for a piña colada break. The creamy pineapple and coconut concoction was said to be created pool-side at the Caribe Hilton, although you can sample the rum-infused drink all over town. After a few poolside coladas, rum punches, or daiquiris, you may find yourself wanting to know more about local spirits. If that’s the case, and you can tear yourself away from the pool, you’re in luck. The Casa Bacardi Visitor Center (787-788-1500) is just 15 minutes from downtown San Juan and offers a fascinating look at local rum-making traditions. The free 45-minute tour follows sugar cane as it travels from barrel to bottle, and shows some of what it takes to create the 100,000 gallons the factory produces daily of the cocktail staple. All very interesting, indeed, but the highlight for rum enthusiasts may be the well-stocked tasting room and the gift shop, where you can stock up, duty free, and then try to recapture some of the San Juan magic once you get home (unfortunately, the pool is harder to transport).

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reproductive strategy, if you want to call it that, is that if only a few of the many survive, they’ve accomplished their mission. Catfish lay relatively few eggs. A 20-pound catfish, for example, might generate fewer than 10 percent of the number of eggs produced by a 2-pound white bass. You might think that the percentages would work against the catfish, but these species increase the survival rate of their eggs and young by diligent parenting. Catfish nest in underwater cavities, such as in depressions in stream banks, in hollow logs or beneath root wads or log jams. While these afford some natural protection from egg predators, catfish also aggressively guard their nests from egg-eating amphibians, reptiles and other fish. Female catfish might stay at a nesting site for only a half a day or so, but males won’t leave the eggs until they hatch—in about a week. During this period, which for most catfish occurs in June or July, the male catfish keeps the eggs oxygenated and clean by repeatedly swishing their tail fin over them. After the eggs hatch, the males remain with the young for another week or so, until they disperse. This reproductive strategy is so unusual among fishes that the Conservation Department studied catfish parenting. Department staff encouraged pairs of catfish to spawn in shelters placed in a hatchery raceway where there was flowing water. This simulated the cavity nesting of catfish in a Missouri stream. After the eggs were laid, they removed the parent fish from some of the nests and left other nests undisturbed. The results were startling. Within hours after the nests’ guardian fish were removed, a fungus known as a water mold colonized the egg masses and began spreading. Within 12 hours, all the eggs in the nests with no parents were dead. Each of the eggs in the unguarded nests had myriad wavy filaments growing out from them so that they looked like tiny moldy muffins. Of the nests left undisturbed, 60 percent produced viable eggs. It was clear that catfish eggs cannot tolerate removal of the attending parent. Fortunately, catfish that are guarding nests aren’t very vulnerable to anglers. The catfish won’t leave their eggs even to feed, and it would be extremely difficult to put a bait in front of them. There is a kind of catfishing, however, that doesn’t require bait. It’s sometimes called noodling, grabbing, hogging or hand fishing. Maybe you’ve seen it

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For economic growth, tougher environmental laws? When tiny Clipper Windpower builds its first factory, perhaps this year, it will automatically become America's second-largest manufacturer of wind turbines. The Carpinteria, Calif., company even has a hot new technology that should be a sure thing.Skip to next paragraph Subscribe Today to the Monitor But it's still hunting for financing because being a wind-turbine builder in the United States is tough, so tough that only one other US manufacturer exists. In 20 years, the US has gone from leading the world in wind-energy manufacturing - with at least a dozen enterprising firms - to lagging badly. Companies in Germany, Denmark, Spain, and elsewhere have grabbed the technological lead and now hold roughly 80 percent of a $8 billion market that's growing 25 to 35 percent a year. The reason? Some experts point to lax clean-air laws in the US. That's right. Weak environmental regulations may hurt, not help, industries by blunting their technological edge. Such contrarian logic, controversial among economists, is about to be put to the test. By not signing the Kyoto Protocol, the US has set itself apart from most of the industrialized world. So will its companies flourish, thanks to lower environmental costs - or lose out to foreign firms that cut greenhouse gases? When it comes to green technologies, some contend the record is pretty clear. "There are major technological and competitive benefits in getting to clean up your act," says Amory Lovins, who heads the Rocky Mountain Institute, an energy and environment think tank in Snowmass, Colo. "By passing on Kyoto, the US will reduce its competitive advantage compared to overseas firms paying attention to carbon reduction." Consider air-pollution controls, known as scrubbers. After the 1970 Clean Air Act mandated that about a third of power plants clean up their emissions, the US scrubber industry became a world leader. American companies became the first large exporters of scrubber technology to other nations, industry experts say. But after a fast start, the industry stagnated during the 1980s as many power plants were able to avoid scrubbers. When tougher laws went into effect in the '90s, the industry perked up. Meanwhile, Germany and Japan implemented strict air-pollution laws that kept getting stricter. Today, Japanese, German, and Danish companies have pioneered technologies while some experts say the US lags in key areas. "The country that's first with the toughest regulations becomes the biggest net exporter of pollution-control equipment," says Robert McIlvaine, an industry analyst. For example: Germany and Japan have been requiring power plants to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOX) for at least 20 years. Result: German and Japanese firms have a big edge today in the lucrative market for selective catalytic reduction technology. Now that NOX regulation has come to the US, American pollution-control companies are sometimes forced to license or purchase crucial anti-NOX technology from Japanese, German, or other foreign firms, Mr. McIlvaine says. Something even more dramatic has happened in solar photovoltaics. Solar cells, which convert sunlight into electricity, were invented and pioneered in the US. A domestic industry began growing rapidly. As recently as 1997, the US still led the world in solar panel production. Today, though, the US makes only about 10 percent of global solar panel output, says the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), a trade group. Major subsidies and other government incentives in Japan and Germany created the markets and the technological, manufacturing, and cost advantages to those countries. Many US solar panel installers now buy Japanese modules.

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A recent UCLA study that claims there's a link between Parkinson's disease and pesticides in well water has several flaws, according to Renee Pinel, president and CEO of the Western Plant Health Association in Sacramento, a trade group in Sacramento that represents pesticide manufacturers. According to Pinel, one key clarification focuses on several of the "significant" links reported in the study that involve pesticide exposure conditions. "Perhaps the study's authors lack of familiarity with pesticides and their 'best practices' for application resulted in their failure to recognize that these exposure conditions are very unlikely to occur," she said. For example, it is very unlikely for any participant in this individual study to have been exposed to 10 or more water soluble compounds, or 12 or more of the original 26 chemical compounds mentioned in the study. Some of these compounds are "not" water soluble, and therefore are not likely to be present in well water, Pinel said. Pinel said readers need to keep in mind that this epidemiological study is the first such study to use agricultural records to reconstruct exposures, as opposed to determining past exposures through individual subject questionnaires and personal interviews. This means the data gathered is general in content and not derived from any specific findings linked to individuals who could have been monitored, she added. "As is the case in many similar health studies, the exposure assessment in this UCLA study is sorely lacking," she said. In this case, she notes, ambient pesticide concentrations within 500 meters of the homes of those under study were estimated from 25 years of California application records using a proprietary unpublished Global Information System-based instrument. This GIS mapping model does not take into account the effects of soil quality or groundwater depth on the estimated ambient pesticide exposures. Furthermore, several of the study compounds, as already mentioned, are not water soluble, rendering them very ineffective water contaminants, Pinel said. Both of these factors led the authors to conclude that "our pesticide well water exposure estimates may not completely reflect actual levels of exposure to pesticides from consuming well water," she said. "This admission, in the context of this most recent UCLA study, merely serves as a glaring understatement as to the veracity and reliability of its findings," Pinel concluded. The Western Plant Health Association represents the interests of fertilizer and crop protection manufacturers, biotechnology providers, distributors and agricultural retailers in California, Arizona and Hawaii. WPHA members comprise more than 90 percent of all the companies marketing plant nutrients, soil amendments, agricultural minerals and crop protection products in California, Arizona and Hawaii.

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provides data about past climate and environment derived from a diverse range of proxies such as tree rings, ice cores, pollen, sediments and more. The data cover the globe, and while most span the last few millennia, some data sets extend back in time 100 million years. This description of a site outside SERC has not been vetted by SERC staff and may be incomplete or incorrect. If you have information we can use to flesh out or correct this record let us know.

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Adjectives used in real estate listings are not used as they are in the dictionary or even in common parlance. They are shadow words–reflective of their real selves, but distorted. These words are brilliantly deconstructed by Curbed New York’s Brokerbabble Glossary, but if that’s too much lit crit for you, here are some overarching rules of thumb: - The more adjectives, the better, especially those synonymous with “spectacular.” - Proper nouns are very important, particularly in the kitchen. Namedrop with abandon. - Concerns about capitalization are for losers. - It’s best not to use periods or punctuation because WHO HAS TIME FOR PERIODS THIS HOUSE IS GOING TO SELL ANY MINUTE OH MY GOD - Hyphens are acceptable because they are adjectives joined together, and the more adjectives the better - When life gives you an eat-in kitchen, make it a “chef’s eat-in kitchen.” Some listings are so phenomenal in all these regards, they reach the level of great architecture. Below is one such listing for a rental at the Lanesborough. Here’s the key for each bracketed letter that comes after the phrase in question: [C] = listings classic [E] = euphemism or spin [N] = namedrop All other bolds simply mean, “Would you get a look at this? Brilliant.” Take a secure elevator directly into your home that encompasses the entire floor, offering 360 degree city views Enter the residence through double French doors [R] into a marble entry foyer [R] A grand gallery travels the length of the condominium to a sun-soaked[C]great room [C] with generous dining and living room space and twin gas fireplaces with marble hearths and surrounds [E] The chef’s eat-in kitchen features ample Downsview [N] custom-painted raised-panel cabinetry, granite countertops [C], ceramic tile [R] backsplash, kitchen island withbreakfast bar [R], Franke [N] double sink and faucet, 59-bottleSub Zero [C/N] wine refrigerator, Sub Zero 47″ side-by-side stainless steel [C] refrigerator, Wolf [C/N] stainless steel wall oven [R] and microwave, Wolf 5-burner gas cooktop with Best[N] stainless steel vent hood and an Asko [N] dishwasher with integrated cabinetry panel and stainless steel interior The master suite offers an ensuite den, his-and-hers [C] bathrooms and his-and-hers closets; the bathrooms both have marble floors, vanity countertops [R] and bath surrounds, as well as Waterworks [N] nickel finish faucets, showers, lighting and accessories, Robern [N] medicine cabinets, stall showers with frameless glass doors and retractable teak shower benches, and custom painted [C] finished vanity cabinetry with nickel pulls Two additional bedrooms each have a full bathroom, one ensuite [C] and the other adjacent Other features of this home include hand-scraped white oak hardwood flooring in all living areas, the kitchen and master bedroom; Karastan [N] 100% wool carpeting in the guest bedrooms; extensive crown, dentil, picture frame and baseboard molding [C] in all rooms; antique bronze Omnia[ND] hardware throughout; Alabaster light fixtures throughout; utility/mud room with Asko[N] washer and dryer; and a south facing balcony That is simply amazing–as is the property, actually. Should you have $11,000 per month, go for it. • 1601 Locust Street Unit 900, Philadelphia PA [Zillow]

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http://www.phillymag.com/property/2013/05/22/the-drama-and-poetry-of-a-luxury-rental-at-16th-and-locust/

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Guide to the Eugenia Hargous Macfarlane Balch Papers, 1878-1949 and undated Pennsylvania artist who studied at Vassar College and in Europe. Clippings, notebooks, photographs, paper ephemera, and correspondence, chiefly 1885-1895, with family or friends (mostly women) concerning in part the role of women in Victorian society and her early career as an artist. Also includes a history of the Clymer family (1949) and several small, original sketches. nicludes a photo album and a scrapbook. - David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University - Balch, Eugenia Hargous Macfarlane, 1868-1921 - Eugenia Hargous Macfarlane Balch Papers, 1878-1949, and undated - Language of Material - 1.8 Linear Feet, 400 Items - For current information on the location of these materials, please consult the Library's online catalog. Clippings, notebooks, photographs, paper ephemera, and correspondence, chiefly 1885-1895, with family or friends (mostly women) concerning in part the role of women in Victorian society and Eugenia Balch's early career as an artist and travels in Europe. Balch lived in Paris for some time, and was fluent in French. Also includes a history of the Clymer family (1949) and several small, original sketches. Includes a photograph album. A letter from Alice Fauchon to her close friend, Eugenia Balch, dated May 30, 1892, recounts in detail her attempts to procure an abortion, which were unsuccessful (she gave birth to a son in October). Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. All or portions of this collection may be housed off-site in Duke University's Library Service Center. The library may require up to 48 hours to retrieve these materials for research use. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library to use this collection. The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University. For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library. Eugenia Hargous Macfarlane Balch (1868-1921) was born in Towanda, Pennsylvania, the daughter of James and Mary (Overton) Macfarlane. She studied art at various institutions including Vassar College and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, and travelled to Europe for further study. She married Edwin Swift Balch in 1904 and continued to paint and exhibit, notably at the Paris Exposition of 1900. She and her husband published Art and Manin in 1920, and she was a member of various organizations including the Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, the Pennsylvania Historical Society, and the Daughters of the American Revolution. She passed away in 1921; her marriage produced no children. Biography taken from online inventory, University of Virginia and Historical Socety of Pennsylvania. - Balch Family Papers,1755-1963, bulk 1870-1920 (Collection 3058) (Historical Society of Pennsylvania) - Balch Family Papers, 1760-1955 (Includes her life story, written by her huband, her Vassar sketchook, and unpublished writings.) (University of Virginia Libraries, Special Collections) [Identification of item], Eugenia Hargous Macfarlane Balch Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University. The Eugenia Hargous Macfarlane Balch Papers were received by the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library as a purchase in 1987. Processed by Rubenstein Library staff Encoded by Paula Jeannet Mangiafico and Carrie Mills, May 2011 Accession(s) described in this finding aid: 4-8-87 This collection is minimally processed: materials may not have been ordered and described beyond their original condition. Descriptive sources and standards used to create this inventory: DACS, EAD, NCEAD guidelines, and local Style Guide. This finding aid is NCEAD compliant.

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There are many types of acupuncture available today. With the current publicity acupuncture is getting it may be hard to choose a qualified professional. Medical doctors can practice acupuncture in many states with little or no training. To further confuse the issue "chiropractic" acupuncture, which allows a chiropractor to needle with 200 hours of training, will soon be found in Tennessee. A licensed acupuncturist must pass national board exams in point location, applied Chinese herbal therapies, and western medical therapies. Individual states choose what title to allow an acupuncturist to practice under. Currently in Tennessee this title is "licensed acupunctrist" or L.Ac. While some providers may use the title DOM, D Ac., or doctor of oriental medicine, this is usually just an indicator they went to school in a state that awards this title for the same qualifications. Make sure to question your acupuncturist about their training. For more information on the national licensing board go to:http://www.nccaom.org/ As a nationally licensed acupuncturist David has completed a four year program in Oriental medicine which included over 1,000 clinical hours. This is on top of comprehensive studies in Chinese herbal therapies, needling techniques, Western medical science, body work, and current theoretical studies in traditional Chinese medicine application.

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Habitat - Guidelines Date Published: April 12, 2001 Number of Pages: 129 Author(s): José Carrasquero, Herrera Environmental Consultants The state-of-the-knowledge white paper on this subject was completed May 2001. Freshwater issues associated with the following structures are addressed in the white paper: docks, piers, floats, rafts, log rafts, boat ramps, hoists, launches, boat houses, house-boats, and associated moorings, marinas, driving and removal of pilings, trash booms and trash racks, work barges, and dolphins. As part of the process outlined in Washington's Statewide Strategy to Recover Salmon: Extinction is Not an Option the Washington Departments of Fish and Wildlife, Ecology, and Transportation were charged to develop Aquatic Habitat Guidelines employing an integrated approach to marine, freshwater, and riparian habitat protection and restoration. Guidelines will be issued, as funding allows, in a series of manuals addressing many aspects of aquatic and riparian habitat protection and restoration. This document is one of a series of white papers developed to provide a scientific and technical basis for developing Aquatic Habitat Guidelines. The white papers address the current understanding of impacts of development and land management activities on aquatic habitat, and potential mitigation for these impacts. The scope of work for each white paper requested a “comprehensive but not exhaustive” review of the peer-reviewed scientific literature, symposia literature, and technical (gray) literature, with an emphasis on the peer-reviewed literature. The reader of this report can therefore expect a broad review of the literature, which is current through late 2000. Several of the white papers also contain similar elements including the following sections: overview of the guidelines project, overview of the subject white paper, assessment of the state of knowledge, summary of existing guidance, recommendations for future guidance documents, glossary of technical terms, and bibliography. This white paper evaluates the state of knowledge of the effects of on-, in-, and over-water structures on the functioning of freshwater ecosystems and their relation to salmonids. Scientific and technical literature on the subject was compiled and examined, and input from experts on freshwater habitats and organism life histories was solicited and evaluated. Effects on an array of organisms and communities were considered. In order to analyze and present the available data in a logical and easily referenced format, the information sources are divided into either direct or indirect mechanisms of impact, then categorized by the type of response observed. Three direct mechanisms of impact associated with over-water structures were identified: shorezone habitat structure changes, shading and ambient light changes, and disruption of water flow pattern and energy. One indirect mechanism of impact associated with construction activities and ongoing operation of over-water structures was identified: physical/chemical environmental disruption (e.g., water quality degradation and noise). Interrelated effects of over-water structure use and operation (i.e., boating activities) are also included under the discussion of this indirect mechanism of impact. Over-water structures often induce simultaneous responses on predation, behavior, and habitat function, potentially confounding the assessment of any individual response. However, such structures may induce a response in an organism without eliciting a response from its habitat and without promoting a response to its predator-prey system. For this reason and in the interest of clarity, a simple three-part categorization is used here for the range of responses. Under each of the direct mechanisms of impact, available research is grouped into the following categories of response: predation, behavior, and habitat function. A summary of findings of impacts resulting from changes induced by on-, in-, and over-water structures and associated construction and operation activities is presented under each mechanism of impacts and depicted in flow diagrams. In addition, information gaps are identified and summarized. Habitat protection, restoration, and mitigation techniques pertaining to the over-water structures and associated activities are analyzed and presented. Also, a summary of the regulatory framework governing over-water structures is included. Finally, this white paper presents recommendations intended for the development of future policy and guidance documents that address the environmental impacts of over-water structures and associated construction and operation activities.

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Wirtz, William Willard, 1912-, U.S. Secretary of Labor (1962-69), b. DeKalb, Ill. A professor of law at Northwestern Univ. (1939-42), he served (1943-45) with the War Labor Board and was (1946) chairman of the National Wage Stabilization Board. Wirtz returned to Northwestern, where he again taught law until 1954. Appointed Undersecretary of Labor in 1961, he succeeded Arthur Goldberg as Secretary of Labor and held this post throughout the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. He dealt effectively with the various strikes of the 1960s.

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Eco-friendly shopping bags 'harbour potentially deadly bugs' Health risk: Eco-friendly bags contain traces of lethal toxins, claim a team of researchers Reusable shopping bags harbour potentially deadly bugs and could threaten public health, claim scientists. Tests on shoppers' bags revealed that half contained traces of the lethal toxin E.coli, which killed 26 people in Scotland in 1996 in one of the world's worst food-poisoning outbreaks. The scientists also found many bags were contaminated with salmonella. They say reusable bags must be washed regularly at high temperature to kill bugs left by the packaging from raw meat. The research was funded by the American Chemistry Council, an industry body which is involved in a major lobbying campaign in the US to try and stop states like California going ahead with a ban on single-use carrier bags. California and other states want shoppers to switch to reusable bags. There is no recorded case anywhere in the world of someone falling ill because their reusable shopping bag was contaminated with bugs. The level of bacteria the researchers found was high enough to 'cause a wide range of serious health problems and even death', particularly to children. The tests were carried out by a team at the University of Arizona, who stopped 84 shoppers to check the state of their bags. The popularity of reusable 'eco-friendly' bags has soared in Britain as the growth in recycling means fewer consumers use disposable plastic bags. However some experts fear unwashed bags could pose a health threat. Professor Charles Gerba, who led the study, said: 'Our findings suggest a serious threat to public health, especially from bacteria such as E.coli. 'Consumers are alarmingly unaware of these risks and the critical need to sanitise their bags weekly.'

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Researchers Improve Effectiveness of Early Head Start Source Newsroom: University of Kansas, Life Span Institute Newswise — Kansas Early Head Start home visitors in Wyandotte County, Manhattan, Clay Center, Hays and Dodge City saw significant improvement in children’s language development when they used a web-based “intelligent advisor” system developed at the University of Kansas Juniper Garden’s Children’s Project, a research group working in the Kansas City, KS urban core. Early Head Start receives federal and state funding and is administered locally by community-based programs and schools to provide services for children ages birth to 3 years whose families are at or below the poverty line to improve family functioning and infant and toddler development. The randomized study was published in the August 2011 issue of NHSA Dialog: A Research-to-Practice Journal for the Early Childhood Field. The MOD or Making Online Decisions system, is accessible through an interactive web-based data management system and allows service providers to quickly identify young children whose language development is below age-based expectations, select interventions and monitor the effectiveness of the interventions. Kansas and Missouri Early Head Start programs contributed to the development of the measures and the online data system. One of these measures, the Early Communication Indicator (ECI), is now used by programs in 22 states and three countries, including 11 Early Head Start programs in Kansas. Early communication was the focus of the MOD study. Practitioners can compare a child’s status and progress to expected performance through the Child Data System that generates graphs and charts based on frequent six-minute play-based ECI assessments. In the MOD study, the practitioners who did not use the MOD had access to these tools but not the MOD’s intervention recommendations. The MOD provides practitioners with specific individualized intervention recommendations for family members to use during daily routines to promote their child’s language development. For example, said Dale Walker, KU associate research professor, parents can increase their child’s vocabulary by commenting on or “labeling” what a young child is doing, playing with, pointing or looking at. The MOD intervention recommendations are largely based on Walker’s Strategies for Promoting Communication and Language of Infants and Toddlers. The MOD prompts practitioners when a child’s language development is below expectations by automatically generating a graph showing the discrepancy when assessment data is input. If a child’s assessment is within norms, no graph appears. In the MOD study, the researchers compared infant and toddler’s growth in communication between those receiving MOD services and those receiving standard services without MOD support. Children who received MOD support had significantly more growth in communication than those who did not have MOD services. “These results are particularly promising in light of earlier research suggesting that children with early language delays often show similar deficits later in life related to reading and general school readiness,” said Buzhardt. Buzhardt said the MOD will help early childhood practitioners use data to individualize language interventions for young children whose language is below expected benchmarks for their age. “There are going to be some children who clearly need more intensive services, like those of a speech-language pathologist, and the MOD can recommend that as well.” Buzhardt said that the Obama administration has supported the development of evidence-based practices for home visiting early childhood programs and that the MOD contributes to this goal. “We believe the MOD is a major step forward in providing home visitors and others access to tools that support evidence-based decision making in early childhood services.” The MOD development and randomized trial were funded through grants from the U.S. Office of Special Education Programs' Steppingstones of Technology Innovation program. The study authors included Buzhardt, Walker, Charles R. Greenwood, KU senior scientist, professor of applied behavioral science and director of the Juniper Gardens Children’s Project in the Children’s Campus of Kansas City.

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Short bio: Computer Scientist, FOSS supporter (read more) Tux Machines (TM)-specific Security researchers have discovered a potential dangerous Linux and Mac OS X cross-platform trojan. Once installed on a compromised machine, Wirenet-1 opens a backdoor to a remote command server, and logs key presses to capture passwords and sensitive information typed by victims. The program also grabs passwords submitted to Opera, Firefox, Chrome and Chromium web browsers, and credentials stored by applications including email client Thunderbird, web suite SeaMonkey, and chat app Pidgin. The malware then attempts to upload the gathered data to a server hosted in the Netherlands.

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BY LISA FARBSTEIN For someone who lives just 15 miles from what used to be the World Trade Center, Rockland resident/writer Diane Dimond seems to have a short memory. In a recent column, she ranted about TSA because she doesn’t like to take off her shoes at the checkpoint and because TSA dared to open her husband’s carry-on bag to take a peak at what she admittedly defined as containing “specialized” electronic equipment. She criticized the very security measures that were designed to keep passengers safe —to help ensure that there is not another 9/11 in her back yard – in any back yard for that matter — yet at no time did she ever contact TSA to check her facts. So permit me to do the fact-checking for your readers. Fact: TSA knows that the vast majority of passengers are not terrorists, so the agency has shifted from a one-size-fits-all approach to a risk-based approach to security. For example, intelligence tells us that passengers 12 and under and passengers 75 and older are low risk, and thus they are permitted to keep their shoes on and light outerwear jackets on. Intelligence tells us that the less we know about a passenger, the greater the risk, so TSA Pre✓™ was developed. This expedited screening program allows passengers, who provide us with some detailed personal information, to keep their shoes on, leave their jackets on, keep laptops in their carry-on and leave their clear bag of 3-ounce or smaller containers of liquids in their bags. Nobody is guaranteed expedited screening however, as a random check helps ensure security. TSA Pre✓™ also helps reduce the number of pat-downs at security checkpoints. Fact: When an irregularity is found during the TSA screening process, such as specialized electronics with wires or batteries in a carry-on bag, as Diane’s husband apparently had with him, it must be resolved prior to allowing a passenger to proceed to the secure area of the airport. Why? Because terrorists don’t walk up to the checkpoint with an explosive device in plain view. Fact: TSA hasn’t used a “wand” to detect items in several years. TSA uses a combination of either state-of-the-art advanced image technology at checkpoints or walk-through metal detectors. Fact: Checkpoint wait times are similar to traffic on highways. The traffic is always heavier during an airport’s rush hours. Approximately 87.5 percent of passengers experience wait times less than 10 minutes and 99 percent of passengers experience wait times of less than 20 minutes. Fact: Don’t like taking off your shoes? Several years ago, a suicide bomber on board an aircraft attempted to ignite an explosive device that he had built into his shoe. Fortunately he failed to do so. Until a manufacturer can develop checkpoint technology that can to detect those sorts of shoe devices, the shoes will need to come off. Fact: On TSA’s need to be more consumer friendly, the agency is continually looking for ways to do exactly that. The TSA Cares toll-free Help Line was created to serve as a dedicated resource specifically for passengers with disabilities, medical conditions or other circumstances to help prepare for the screening process prior to flying. Airports also have customer-focused Lost and Found Offices that reunite passengers with the items that they’ve left behind at checkpoints. There’s a free downloadable “myTSA app,” which provides passengers with 24/7 access to the most commonly requested TSA information on their mobile device. The app enables passengers to do a quick check on whether an item should be packed in checked or carry-on baggage and provides passenger-posted checkpoint wait times or airline delays. These are just a few initiatives that demonstrate TSA’s commitment to providing good customer service. Fact: On Diane’s claim that snow globes are prohibited. Guess again! Snow globes that appear to contain less than 3.4 ounces (approximately tennis ball size) are permitted if the entire snow globe, including the base, is able to fit in the same one clear, plastic, quart-sized, resealable bag, as the passenger’s other liquids, such as shampoo, toothpaste and cosmetics. Perhaps the next time Diane and her family fly out of a New York-area airport to a fun vacation spot, they’ll look out the car window at the New York skyline minus the Twin Towers and remember some of the true facts about TSA and why it exists. Lisa Farbstein is a spokesperson for the Transportation Security Administration

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Today was the annual No Mas Basura (No More Trash) event in La Ventana. Held the Friday before the upcoming La Ventana Classic and KiteXpo, No Mas Basura is a community effort to clean up the towns of La Ventana and El Sargento. After meeting this morning at the police station in El Sargento, groups of local schoolchildren, resident Americans and Canadians, and visiting kiteboarders and windsurfers spread out armed with gloves and trash bags. After two hours of cleaning, the town is noticably cleaner and the garbage truck collected the large bags left at the side of the road. Everyone met up back at the police station for refreshments and a few awards. This event aims to teach children about the importance of not littering and has made a real difference in this town over the past few years!

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Bradby, H. C. Rugby. The Great Public Schools Series. London: George Bell and Sons, 1900. Stanley, Arthur Penrhyn. The life and correspondence of Thomas Arnold, D.D., late head-master of Rugby school, and regius professor of modern history in the University of Oxford. 4th ed. 2 vols. London: B. Fellowes, 1845. Last modified 16 July 2006

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View topic - Army Photographers & Kamikaze pilots I'd like to ask some questions on WWII. How were army photographers chosen (especially those during the Philippine campaign in 1941 - 1942)? Were these army photographers also soldiers? Professional photographers? Or simply soldiers given cameras? Were they required to fight or were they simply there to take pictures? And for the Kamikaze pilots especially those launched within the Philippines, were they all veterans or were some rookie pilots? And how were they chosen? Of course, several volunteered, but I also read about pilots being given a piece of paper and told to mark O if they volunteer and X if not. Can anyone clear me up on this? Thanks! - Posts: 10 - Joined: Mon 09.12.2005 8:28 am I should think using kamikaze pilots was a very extreme and desperate measure for the Japanese forces. However, it was to them considered an honour to sacrifice themselves in the name of their Emperor(due to large amounts of great devotion and loyalty), and it was also proven a very effective method. (Death of one pilot to death of allied soldiers ratio > very efficient) - Posts: 16 - Joined: Thu 12.28.2006 1:26 pm As for the photographers, possibly like the Germans had, special units were attached assigned by the propaganda ministry to film and photograph seemingly heroic displays to be then spoon fed to the masses. Soldiers did have there own cameras and did take photos. Wonderful when contradicting to both the German and Japanese testimonies during the war crimes tribunal attempting to play down atrocities committed. - Posts: 522 - Joined: Sun 09.17.2006 8:56 am - Location: 奈良 - Native language: Greek - Gender: Male Who is online Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 2 guests

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Friday, November 30, 2012 Christian Proselytizers May Add Arab-American Chamber of Commerce As Sec. 1983 Defendant In Acts 17 Apologetics v. City of Dearborn, (ED MI, Nov. 27, 2012), a Michigan federal district court ruled that the Arab-American Chamber of Commerce (AACC) may be added as a defendant in a 42 USC Section 1983 civil rights action brought against the city of Dearborn, its mayor and police officials by a Christian group whose purpose is to evangelize Muslims. Members of the group, Acts 17 Apologetics, were acquitted on breach of the peace charges that had been filed against them for proselytizing at the Arab International Festival. (See prior posting.) The Christian group then sued, alleging, among other things, a civil conspiracy to violate their 1st, 4th and 14th Amendment rights. In allowing plaintiffs to file an amended complaint to add AACC as a defendant, the court held that a private party such as AACC could be found to be a state actor if it was jointly engaged with state officials in an action taken by the officials. American Freedom Law Center issued a press release announcing the decision.

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Doctor of Education in Curriculum & Instruction The Ed.D. in Curriculum & Instruction is intended for professional educators who desire to extend and advance their studies in the theory and practice of education. Areas of emphasis include instructional technology, mathematics education, science education, teacher education, literacy, cultural and international studies. The completion of this degree will enable individuals to become members of university faculties but particularly suited for positions as leaders in school districts and community agencies. Upon completion of this program, graduates will be able to: - Understand theoretical and historical foundations of education; - Demonstrate knowledge and synthesis of major research in teaching and schooling; - Demonstrate knowledge and research applications in the area of emphasis; - Understand and apply the major tenets of research design and analysis spanning quantitative, qualitative, and evaluation research methods; - Demonstrate the ability to successfully design, defend, and complete an extended educational study resulting in a defensible dissertation. - University or college Professor - Curriculum leader - Educational consultant - District administrator

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Five hundred twenty years ago this week, Christopher Columbus landed on what is today San Salvador and soon established the first permanent European settlement in what would become known as the New World. Welcome to Open Link Night at dVerse Poets Pub! I’m Joe Hesch, once again coming to you from behind the bar following a holiday weekend in the United States. What do we as poets have in common with Columbus? Well, each time we sit before the computer or a notebook with intent to write something, that blank space is as full of the unknown as the western sea Columbus traversed. As poets, we’re all explorers, making our way across that space to discover some kind of truth about ourselves and the world around us. Another thing we have in common with the man whose (sometimes historically conflicted) accomplishments we in the US celebrated yesterday, is a cock-eyed optimism and hope. Legend holds that the crews of Columbus’ first three-vessel fleet were ready to give up their Admiral’s quest to find an as yet unknown western route to Japan and head back to Spain. But, confident in his inspired plan, he wouldn’t let them. By coming to the pub and linking our works, we show confidence that someone out in that other vast unknown, the Internet, would like to see our discoveries. In 1892, the colorful (to say the least) American poet Joaquin Miller, “The Poet of the Sierras,” wrote his poem “Columbus,” commemorating the 400th anniversary celebration of Columbus’ first voyage. (I’m not trying to butt in on our Chris’ turf here, but this guy’s story would be perfect for a wild Bullfights and Pretzels treatment.) The final verse of that poem might hold a bit of a lesson for us as poetic explorers…Sail on! Then, pale and worn, he kept his deck, And peered through darkness. Ah, that night Of all dark nights! And then a speck— A light! A light! A light! A light! It grew, a starlit flag unfurled! It grew to be Time’s burst of dawn. He gained a world; he gave that world Its grandest lesson: “On! sail on!” Let’s cast off for this week’s voyage to the unknown! Here’s how: - Link the poem you’d like to share–old or new, on any topic, (1 per blog, please)– by clicking on the Mr.Linky button just below. This opens a new screen where you’ll enter your information, and where you also choose links to read. - Once you have pasted your poem’s blog url and entered your name, simply click submit. - Don’t forget to let your readers know where you’re linking up and encourage them to participate by including a link to dVerse in your blog post. (Something I too often forget to do, so this is a reminder for me, too.) - Explore as many other poems as you like, commenting and liking as you see fit. - Spread the word on the poems you enjoy if you’d like. Tweet and Pin and otherwise Share on the social media of your choice. Think of it as charting others’ courses. - Finally, each time I do this I end by saying we should remember that we are here for each other. Well, I’ve been informed one of our own is going through a very difficult time right now. So, if you don’t mind, keep a good thought tonight for the lovely poetic explorer Yelena Sapranova (http://moonlitpoetic.wordpress.com).

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In a new paper, Shawn Douglas and his colleagues at William Shih’s lab have demonstrated the first systematic method for building multilayer 3D nanostructures of DNA. In his commentary, Tom LaBean calls this “a third revolution in DNA nanotechnology”, following Seeman’s launch of the field and Rothemund’s development of the breakthrough origami technique. In the authors’ words: We anticipate that our strategy for self-assembling custom three-dimensional shapes will provide a general route to the manufacture of sophisticated devices bearing features on the nanometre scale. This paper closely follows the report of 3D structural-DNA technique that demonstrated a way to build closed boxes from single-layer origami sheets (in a sense, the first folded DNA origami). What the new technique adds to the engineering toolkit is a way to bundle DNA helices into sturdier structures, and to use those structures as building blocks for yet larger structures. This is a further step toward the development of a methodology for building atomically precise self-assembled structures in which DNA forms an addressable framework for organizing other components (nanotubes, quantum dots, proteins…) into functional systems (circuits, sensors, fabrication tools…). Tom LaBean himself has been a pioneer in developing these DNA-based composite systems, the leading approach in framework-directed self-assembly. Here’s one more image from the paper, showing multiple views of an icosahedral framework. I saw this in William Shih’s talk at FNANO last year, and have been waiting to see it published: - Modular Molecular Composite Nanosystems - A Revolution in de novo Protein Engineering Methodology - Macromolecular Modeling for Molecular Systems Engineering

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About two months after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Michael Vincent attended a Southern California conference on drunken driving hosted by the National Highway Safety Administration. In one presentation, the speaker began by pointing out that 15,000 Americans were dying in alcohol-related driving accidents in an average year. That equates to about 50 jumbo jets full of people – or five times the number of Americans killed on 9/11. For the first time, his emotions raw following the terrorist attacks, Vincent was hit by the enormity of how many lives are lost in the United States at the hands of impaired drivers. As an executive for Immunalysis, a manufacturer of drug-testing equipment, he decided to begin research on a new generation of drug-detection equipment. His company then developed an accurate and speedy way for law enforcement to detect the presence of drugs in a driver’s saliva, as opposed to depending on blood tests. Impaired-driving deaths don’t change “the headlines or our psyche,” Vincent said. Instead, the losses are more quiet, tallied one by one in isolated incidents. To use a common idiom, drunken driving is the devil we know. Decades of advertising and education have imparted that message to us from an early age. Those campaigns have helped decrease the number of drunken-driving deaths to about 10,000 yearly. Drug-impaired driving has long been the less visible evil, made worse by growing rates of prescription-drug abuse as well as sustained, and in some regions rising, levels of illicit drug use. According to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, drugs other than alcohol are involved in about 18 percent of motor vehicle deaths. Often, drugs are used in combination with alcohol, a particularly dangerous combination. In their efforts to keep the streets safe, law enforcement officers are grappling with a new set of challenges in identifying and prosecuting what is known as DUID, or driving under the influence of drugs. On the street and in the courtroom, there are few or no standards to judge a driver’s level of impairment. Legal codes are often inadequate and outdated to deal with drugged driving. With the great variety of prescription and illicit drugs in circulation, the most basic decision – judging whether, and to what extent, a driver is intoxicated – is no easy task. At a mid-August DUI checkpoint in Del Paso Heights, Sgt. Christian Prince of the Sacramento Police Department explained it to me most simply: “There’s no 0.08.” The Sacramento Police Department made 1,436 DUI arrests in 2012, of which 82 were for drug-impaired driving, Prince said in an email. So far this year, the department has made 830 DUI arrests and 77 for drugged driving, he said. In the case of drunken driving, law enforcement may ask a driver to take a Breathalyzer test for a quick, accurate read on their blood-alcohol content to determine whether they’ve breached the legal limit of 0.08. The officer knows what to look for, and the result is a yes-or-no determination. “With alcohol levels, there’s a fairly direct one-to-one relationship with impairment. The higher the level is, the more impaired you are. It doesn’t hold true with most drugs,” said Michael Walsh, formerly the head of the President’s Drug Advisory Council under the first Bush administration and president of the Walsh Group, a consulting firm with a focus on substance abuse. California not ‘zero-tolerance’ Take marijuana as an example. Short of a cloud of smoke pouring from a vehicle’s windows, it can be almost impossible for officers to verify whether an individual is high on marijuana. Physical signs, such as red, puffy eyes or changes in speech and behavior, vary depending on how much was used and the user’s tolerance. An individual’s metabolism also affects the available evidence of intoxication. Within the first 15 minutes of smoking pot, traces of the drug in the blood system reach their highest level, Walsh said. After two hours, concentrations of the drug drop, but the user’s impairment might be just as significant, he added. Eighteen states have passed zero-tolerance policies that prohibit any trace of drugs in drivers, according to the Governors Highway Safety Association, a nonprofit advocacy organization that addresses issues of traffic safety. Colorado and Washington, which legalized marijuana for recreational use last year, have set legal thresholds for the presence of THC, the psychoactive component of the drug, in nanograms per milliliter. Currently, California is not one of the zero-tolerance states; a bill to change that didn’t get very far in the legislative session that ended Thursday. Law enforcement groups that opposed Proposition 19, the unsuccessful ballot measure in 2010 to legalize marijuana for personal use, warned that it would increase the number of stoned drivers. They also criticized Proposition 19 because it did not define what would constitute driving while impaired by pot. California, New York and Hawaii are the only states with statutes that distinguish among drunken driving, drug-impaired driving and driving under the influence of both alcohol and drugs, according to the Governors Highway Safety Association. In January, two new sections will become active in California’s vehicle code, stating explicitly that it is illegal for a person “under the influence of any drug” or “the combined influence of any alcoholic beverage and drug” to get behind the wheel. In doing so, officials will be better equipped to tally the number of drugged drivers as well as drivers impaired by both drugs and alcohol. But even with benchmarks on the books, they would still be almost unenforceable without the proper equipment. Drug tests in early stages Roadside drug tests are not widely used. The newest systems, which test saliva, are still undergoing tests, and many legislators and district attorneys haven’t been sold on their quality, Vincent said. Traditional drug testing involves blood or urine samples. The “first generation” of roadside drug tests will display a line if positive, much like a pregnancy test, Vincent said. The latest generation allows more sensitive results, showing “shades of the line” for the quantity of the drug in a driver’s system. Immunalysis has been manufacturing a “second generation” kit, which tests for the six most common illegal drugs – among them marijuana, cocaine and methamphetamines – and produces a result in five minutes. Also, police officers using available technology can sometimes get a negative test result for common drugs like marijuana from a driver whom they have clearly identified as impaired, Walsh said. The potential of a false negative can dissuade an officer from using a saliva test in the field. Drunken-driving convictions are high due to the cut-and-dried evidence from a Breathalyzer test, said Prince, the Sacramento police sergeant. But without similarly concrete evidence for DUID cases, he said, all it takes is for one jury member to be unsure of the driver’s guilt to trip up a conviction. Drug-impaired driving, like its better-known counterpart, is a problem with only imperfect solutions. But each year, it inflicts a deadly toll. At what point will we seriously confront it? Loic Hostetter, a senior at UCLA, recently finished a summer internship with The Bee’s editorial board. Follow him on Twitter @LoicHostetter.

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The sale of a certain amount of stock in the Central Pacific Railroad has given rise to speculation as to the future of California railroads. Some people think they see in this sale a design on the part of the present owners to withdraw from railroad enterprises. If these surmises were correct they would furnish much cause for sorrowful regret throughout the Pacific coast. Though it is true that the people of this coast have done much for the railroad men, it is equally true that the railroad men have done a very great deal for the coast. Their interests are identical, and cannot now be severed without great injury resulting to the coast, and to the whole people thereof. The withdrawal of the stout hearts, willing hands and fertile brains that are building and operating the railroads of California would be a public calamity. We are, therefore, glad to have the knowledge that they have no intention of withdrawing. The exact contrary is their intention. They mean to lengthen and strengthen their stakes, and to become more than ever allied to the coast and its interests. The sale of stock alluded to is a step in that direction. It is a move that means two things. First, it means a recognition of the wisdom of giving a larger number of persons an interest in the Central Pacific. There will be more people interested in its success and in protecting it from wanton attack. It will have more friends and fewer enemies. The national debts of England and of France remain unassailed, for the good reason that the people own their country’s indebtedness. If a considerable portion of our most influential citizens own stock in our railroads they, so far from assailing it, will become its defenders and guardians of its interests. Secondly, the sale of the stock of the completed road will supply funds for the building of the yet uncompleted one. With great ends and aims in view of the Southern Pacific is about to be pushed on until it makes connection with the City and Gulf of Mexico. Governor Stanford’s wish, that he may live to see the day when he may look down from his residence with satisfaction at the sight of long trains arriving in San Francisco, laden with the wealth of Arizona and with the products of Mexico, seem as if it will be realized at an early date. A new departure has been made. The Southern Pacific is to be pushed ahead as fast as men and money can push it. Large quantities of material are already on the ground. Workmen are being sent forward as rapidly as possible, and soon the track will be laid at the rate of two miles per day, or more. It is confidently believed that within two years this road will be completed from ocean to gulf, and a continuous line of steel rails, owned by one company, will stretch from San Francisco to Galveston, and perhaps to New Orleans. This means not merely the opening of another transcontinental line, but it means a line of 1,600 miles from ocean to ocean instead of 3,000. It means a transcontinental line on which there shall be no break of ownership, and which shall be controlled from the Pacific Coast, and operated so as to build up its interests. The Central Pacific is but a single section of the great overland road, and, in all their arrangements relating to through business, its owners are very much at the mercy of the Eastern roads, and this difficulty is the cause of much of the discrimination in local rates, that has given such dissatisfaction. The Central Pacific people have, we believe, long realized that the arrangements forced upon them by other roads are against their true interest, and have wished to put down fares to such a low figure as to attract immigration; but have been prevented by the demands of the other roads, the Union Pacific especially, having been actuated by the policy of keeping the tide of immigration from flowing west of Ogden, in order that it might spread along its lines, taking up its lands and building up a way business. Of the $65 charged for emigrant tickets, the Central Pacific gets only $6, so that the reduction they desire is impossible. But with a road from ocean to ocean they will be masters of the situation. They will not only be able to carry passengers and freight as low as they please from New Orleans to the Oregon line, but they will compel these connecting roads to lower their rates or lose their business. The Southern road, when completed along the route now proposed, will nowhere have a grade of over forty-two feet to the mile, on which one locomotive will be able to pull sixty-five freight-cars, and where there will be no difficulty from snow, and the great expense of building and maintaining snow-sheds and tunnels will be altogether avoided. The Railroad people have already a line of steamers running from San Francisco to China. They propose to put on between Liverpool and their Eastern terminus a line of the very largest steamers that can be run swiftly and economically. This done, they will be prepared to compete with the Cape Horn route, and even with that of the Isthmus of Darien, should the canal ever be built, for the trade of the Pacific. They propose to take in this way all the grain export of California and Oregon. At all the stations in our great interior valleys will be erected warehouses, from which the grain will be dumped into cars. At Galveston or New Orleans it will be emptied into the holds of steamers, and be raised at Liverpool or London by elevators, thus avoiding the cost of handling, and, what is still greater, the cost of sacks. Three months’ interest will be saved, and the insurance by this route will be merely nominal. They expect to so lower the rates as to turn the whole export of grain over their line, and, as the cars must necessarily return, it is intended that freights westward shall be equally low. This is not only a new departure, but a great departure also. It involves big things for this coast, among which we may name the development of Southern California, of Arizona, New Mexico, western Texas, and the northern States of Mexico. It means an impetus to the growth of California in population and wealth, such as has not been seen since the discovery of gold. San Francisco News Letter and California Advertiser January 31, 1880

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FLINT, MI -- The line of Buicks expected outside the Durant Dort Carriage Company Headquarters at this year's Back to Bricks festival will have a little extra competition for fans of GM history. And it doesn't even have an engine. After making the rounds at homes around the state, the piano that sat in General Motors founder William C. Durant's home more than 120 years ago has landed at the Water Street building where Durant built what would become General Motors. "It's well-built, and according to movers, it's the heaviest piano they've ever moved," said David White, president of the Genesee County Historical Society and the Durant Dort Carriage Company Foundation. "The tuner said it has good sound, and that it's very deep. It's something we can use as we have receptions and meetings in the building in the area." White said that Billy Durant received the piano as a wedding gift from his new father-in-law when he married his first wife, Clara, in 1885. Ralph S. Pitt, Clara's father, was the ticket agent for the Flint and Pere Marquette railroad station in Flint. The upright piano, made by Boston company Hallet, Davis & Co. is made of mahogany, and has intricate designs carved into its headboard and legs. Shortly after 1900, Durant's family replaced it with a player piano--pianos that played themselves, just by a user pumping the pedals--which Durant recounted playing when his partner Dallas Dort and Charles Nash stopped by to try to convince him to come back to work at the Carriage Factory. The original piano ended up in the Durants' family cottage in Pentwater and was eventually moved to the village's community building. "That piano was a wedding gift for a wedding that broke up. It probably wasn't a very happy reminder," said Leroy Cole, one of old piano's later caregivers. Frances Willson, Billy Durant's second cousin, gave the piano to Richard Scharchburg, a professor at Kettering University and resident of Grand Blanc, in the late 1970s. Willson donated $400,000 to the restoration of the Flint Public Library, and dorms at Kettering University are named after her. Scharchburg gave the piano to Leroy Cole, a local auto historian, in 1995. He played the piano at Cole's home a few times before he passed away in 2000. Afterward, the piano has sat in Cole's living room, where his wife and able guests would play it. "It was always a good topic of discussion. Especially for people who could play piano," said Cole, 75. "...It was just another piano, except the way that the keys and balances were, you probably had to push it a little harder than normal." This year, Cole decided the piano needed a new home. "It was always fun having it here, but it needed to be where others could appreciate it," Cole said. "...The goal was always to get it to a place where it could have permanency and exposure." Cole gave the piano to the Durant Dort Carriage Company Headquarters, located at 316 Water Street. In that building, Durant worked with Charles Stewart Mott It is recognized as a national landmark as the 1908 birthplace of General Motors. After the Genesee County Historical Society and the city of Flint purchased the building, they invested $1 million into restoration over the next decade or so. After 1986, they rented the building to tenants to bring in money to maintain and operate the building. General Motors funded restoration and painting for the exterior of the office building, which was completed last year. The building will soon be a museum open to the public, and the piano sits inside. "There's not a lot of original artifacts related to Billy Durant. Sloan Museum has a few," White said. We want to have more material related to the pioneers of the auto industry in this landmark building, and (the piano) is an interesting piece people will enjoy seeing." Cole plans to look at the piano on Saturday during the Back To The Bricks car show, when Buick Club of America, Michigan Turbo Buick Club, the Reatta Division of the Buick Club of America and will line their vehicles along Water Street for Buick's 110th anniversary. "I'm very, very happy, I can't wait to see it. I haven't seen it in that context yet," Cole said. White, meanwhile, is now looking for someone to play the piano at its new home. It was tuned this week, and he's looking forward to hearing an expert's fingers stroke its keys.

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Lower Cherokee Traders' PathEdit This Page From FamilySearch Wiki The Lower Cherokee Traders' Path was an important trade route on the Piedmont connecting the Cherokee and other interior tribes with the Occaneechi tribe, middlemen traders in southern Virginia, to the early European colonists on the Chesapeake Bay. It was considered the west fork of the Occaneechi Path (Traders' Path) and became a major part of the Upper Road. For a list and map of other South Carolina roads see South Carolina Emigration and Immigration. By 1748 the Upper Road was open and settlers began pouring in. At first a few traders, isolated farmers, or innkeepers settled along the path with Cherokee permission. The first European settlement in counties along the Path happened as follows: Mecklenburg 1740s, Gaston 1740s, York 1750, Cherokee 1750s, Spartanburg 1755, Greenville 1777, British Fort Prince George in Pickens 1753 , Oconee 1784, and Stephens 1781. Between 1750 and 1784 the Lower Cherokee Traders path through South Carolina helped bring as many as 250,000 settlers to the area as the Cherokee Indians ceded more and more lands. In 1760 there was a war between South Carolina and the Cherokee in which most lower Cherokee villages were destroyed. During the Revolutionary War the Cherokee sided with the British. After a Cherokee-British attack in 1776, a Patriot counter-attack drove most of the remaining Cherokee from South Carolina. Most European settlers were Ulster-Irish Presbyterians mostly from Pennsylvania, but plenty of English, Welsh, native Irish, native Scots, Swiss, French, and Germans were also included. Modern Interstate 85 from Charlotte, North Carolina to Greenville, South Carolina runs a little north of the old route, and from there on South Carolina Highway 123 to the Georgia border is similar to the old route. As roads developed in America, settlers were attracted to nearby communities because the roads provided access to markets. They could sell their products at distant markets, and buy products made far away. If an ancestor settled near a road, you may be able to trace back to a place of origin on a connecting highway. Counties on the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path (east to west) - North Carolina: Mecklenburg, Gaston - South Carolina: York, Cherokee, Spartanburg, Greenville, Pickens, Oconee - Georgia: Stephens Overlapping and Connecting Routes. The Upper Road, the Occaneechi Path, and the Great Valley Road (south fork) all connected to the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path at Charlotte, North Carolina. The Lower Cherokee Traders' Path and Upper Road fork off to the west though Gaston County, North Carolina and all six of the northern-most counties of South Carolina. The Catawba and Northern Trail (for a map, click here) leaves the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path at York County, South Caroina and heads north to the Yadkin River settlements in North Carolina. The Cherokee Old Path and a branch of the Catawba Trail started north from the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path near Greenville County. Several trails continued on from the the western end of the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path at the former Cherokee village of Tugaloo, Georgia. - Savannah River - Lower_Cherokee_Traders'_Path a pre-historic trail connecting the Lower Cherokee Villages to the Catawba Indians (Charlotte, North Carolina) - Old Cherokee Path a pre-historic trail from the Lower Cherokee Villages to Washington County, Virginia on the Great Valley Road (also known as the Great Indian Warpath) - Coosa-Tugaloo Indian Warpath was a pre-historic path that went toward Birmingham, Alabama - Tugaloo-Apalachee Bay Trail was a pre-historic trail headed for the Florida panhandle and probably Mission San Luis de Apalachee - Augusta and Cherokee Trail was a pre-historic trail from Tugaloo originally to Savannah Town, South Carolina and later Augusta, Georgia - Old South Carolina State Road 1747 a fork of this road apparently connected Tugaloo, Georgia to Fort Prince George, to Columbia and to Charleston, South Carolina. - Fort Charlotte and Cherokee Old Path after 1765 followed the northeast side of the Savannah River from the Old Cherokee Path in Oconee County down to old Fort Charlotte in northwest McCormick County, South Carolina - Upper Road about 1783 (overlapping the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path) connecting Fredericksburg, Virginia to Macon, Georgia - Unicoi Turnpike opened to a few European traders 1690, but the wagon road was not opened to settlers until 1813 from near Tugaloo headed northwest to the Overhill Cherokee villages and Knoxville in Tennessee Settlers and Records No lists of settlers who used or settled along the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path are known to exist. However, local and county histories along the road may reveal that many of the first pioneer settlers arrived from places to the northeast along the Upper Road, the Occaneechi Path, the Fall Line Road, or the Great Valley Road (south fork). The most likely place of origin for settlers along the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path was from the Waxhaws and the Yadkin River settlements in North Carolina. Those from farthest away may have arrived from southern Virginia, Maryland, or even the Philadelphia area of Pennsylvania or southern New Jersey. Some Ulster-Irish setters may have come via the port of Philadelphia a generation earlier. - Cherokee Lower Towns has maps of town locations, a link to a Revolutionary War battle database, sources, and list of Revolutionary War battles involving Cherokees. - Georgia History Early Trails describes westward migration on and route of the Lower Cherokee Traders' Path and other routes through Georgia. - Wikipedia contributors, "Tugaloo," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugaloo (accessed 5 April 2011). - ↑ North Carolina - The Counties, http://www.carolana.com/NC/Counties/nc_counties_alphabetical_order.html (accessed 1 February 2011). - ↑ South Carolina - The Counties, http://www.carolana.com/SC/Counties/sc_counties_alphabetical_order.html (accessed 1 February 2011). - ↑ "Jesse Walton d. 1789," Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/imagegallery.php?EntryID=W012 (accessed 1 February 2011). - ↑ Oconee County, Carolina" in South Carolina: The Counties at http://www.carolana.com/SC/Counties/oconee_county_sc.html (accessed 1 February 2011). - ↑ "York County, South Carolina" in South Carolina: The Counties at http://www.carolana.com/SC/Counties/york_county_sc.html (accessed 1 February 2011). - ↑ Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), 851. (FHL Book 973 D27e 2002). WorldCat entry. - ↑ Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), 847-61. (FHL Book 973 D27e 2002) WorldCat entry., and William E. Myer, Indian Trails of the Southeast. (Nashville, Tenn.: Blue and Gray Press, 1971), 12-14, and the book's pocket map "The Trail System of the Southeastern United States in the early Colonial Period" (1923). (FHL Book 970.1 M992i) WorldCat entry. - ↑ Lowell Kirk, "The Unicoi Turnpike" at http://www.telliquah.com/unicoi.htm (accessed 3 May 2011). - ↑ William E. Myer, Indian Trails of the Southeast. (Nashville, Tenn.: Blue and Gray Press, 1971). (FHL Book 970.1 M992i) WorldCat entry.

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Asustek Computer, a leading mainboard of mainboards and other computer components, has reportedly ordered an unprecedented amount of low-cost AMD Sempron microprocessors. If the information is correct, Asus shows substantial interest towards producing low-cost personal computers featuring central processing units (CPUs) from Advanced Micro Devices. Certain market sources claim that Asustek acquired as much as one million of AMD Sempron microprocessors, whereas more conservative sources estimate that it is more likely that Asustek ordered more than half a million, but less than a million of inexpensive central processing units from AMD, reports DigiTimes web-site. Many observers believe that Asus intends to produce a version of its E-series products based on AMD Sempron chips. Asustek Computer announced on Wednesday a lineup of various devices that will be marketed under Eee trademark. The family will include a desktop (E-DT), an HDTV and an all-in-one desktop system. The new products will allow Asus to enter new markets. Asustek has reportedly confirmed that it plans to support Intel’s low-cost PC platform, Shelton ‘08, with the E-DT, however, the type of CPU and the size of the AMD order Asustek is said to have placed would be consistent with moves to develop an AMD-based alternative, the web-site reports. Actual details about AMD-based Asus products are not available.

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|Photos||Video & Audio||Blogs||Statistics||Archive||Games||Mobile| Four overs is a fifth of a T20 innings, and it is fair to expect a team to field at least five bowlers in their line-up. Bowlers have managed to pick up four- and five-wicket hauls quite regularly in T20s, proving that four overs is sufficient for them to make an impact. A four-over burst doesn't constitute a spell. It doesn't allow strike bowlers to fully express themselves and influence results, especially in low-scoring games. There is no limit on how many balls a batsman can face, and it's only fair that bowlers aren't saddled with unnatural restrictions either. © ESPN Sports Media Ltd. |Comments have now been closed for this article

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Photo: Adam shows his 'besoms' all round Britain. Calling all Harry Potter fans! Have you ever seen how a broomstick is made? Do you want to know how to make a Nimbus 2000 or a Firebolt to improve your performance at Quidditch? Traditional craft worker Adam King will be demonstrating how to make broomsticks at Amersham Museum on Sunday July 6 2003 from 2.00 pm to 4.30 pm. He will also be selling broomsticks, but museum staff cannot give any guaranteees about their flying performance! Photo: the King family has been working in the local countryside for many generations. Adam King is one of the few broom makers left in the country, otherwise known as a 'Broom Squire'. He uses traditional materials such as Birch for the heads and Ash for the handles, all gathered in the Chilterns. He has become a popular figure at shows up and down the country where he demonstrates his skills. His work load has been somewhat enhanced recently with the popularity of Harry Potter and his 'Nimbus 2000' broom sticks. Adam makes a small broom specially for children. Photo: there's even a junior model for smaller wizards. If Harry Potter-style broomsticks don't appeal, there are plenty of other things to see at the museum. "It's very much a local museum," said Anthony del Tufo, Chairman of Amersham Museum. "The collection spans from Roman times to the second world war, from the history of transport in the area to a fine collection of Victorian photography now accessible through an interactive kiosk." In some ways, explained Mr del Tufo, the star exhibit in the museum is the building itself - it's 550 years old, and was originally part of a medieval 'Hall' house.

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Here you will find articles on cookbooks, cookbook collections at libraries and cookbook publishers and bookstores. See also: Cookbook Awards Awards, Festivals, and Reviews André Simon Food and Drink Book Awards A British award that considers books of recipes, biographies, guides, polemical works, travel and reference books. This blog that allows the public to rate cookbook recipes rounds up the "best cookbooks of 2010" lists and posts them here. Festival du Livre Culinaire Gourmand World Cookbook Awards, an international award for cookbooks, wine books and cookbook publishers. The Guild of Food Writers (UK) Awards The British Guild of Food Writers gives several annual cookbook awards. Here is the list of winners. International Association of Culinary Professionals Formerly the Julia Child Cookbook Awards. Check under "Awards". James Beard Foundation: Awards A variety of awards in the category of Books, as well as Journalism, Broadcast Media, Chef & Restaurant, Restaurant Design, and Lifetime Achievement. New York Times Articles about Cooking and Cookbooks Look here for recent reviews. NPR: 2011's Best Cookbooks: Revenge Of The Kitchen Nerds Scholars and veteran cooks. Washington Post's top cookbooks of 2011 Selected by Bonnie S. Benwick: "What I look for is a book that passes the Post-it note test (more than five recipes flagged), with reliable information and the potential for perennial use." Virginia Tech's Collection of links to other culinary collections Check here for more. Beatrice McIntosh Cookery Collection The McIntosh Cookery Collection at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst includes nearly 7,500 books, pamphlets, and ephemeral items relating to the history of cookery in New England. Feeding America: The Historic American Cookbook Project The Michigan State University Library and the MSU Museum have partnered to create an online digital collection of some of the most influential and important American cookbooks from the 19th and early 20th century. New York Public Library: Culinary History Research Guide Included are research guides to their 16,000 volume collection. New York University Fales Library Food & Cookery Collection The collection of food and cookery materials at the Fales Library documents the evolution of cuisine and food practices in 20th century America, with a particular focus on the food habits and activity of New York City. Radcliffe College Culinary Collection This special collection of the Schlesinger Library supports research in culinary history, history of domestic life and the role of food in history and culture. It includes books, periodicals, and microforms of rare or fragile items. In addition, the Library has manuscript collections of Julia Child, M.F.K. Fisher, Alice Bradley, Lydia Child, Corner Book Shop Records (Eleanor Lowenstein), and others concerned with food, cooking, and domestic economy. Texas Woman's University Cookbook Collection Begun in 1960, the collection contains 15,000 books, 3500 vendors pamphlets, recipe books dating from 1624, conduct manuals, and menus from around the world. Virginia Tech: Culinary History Collection The Culinary History Collection brings to the public nearly two centuries of historical information about the domestic sciences, including customs, eating behaviors, food choices and habits, social and economic history, and scientific and technological progress. Also offers the Virginia Culinary Thymes newsletter, covering Virginia's culinary history and food culture, and a What's Cookin' blog. Chronicle Books: Food & Drink Publisher of simply designed and attractive cookbooks. Columbia University Press: Arts and Traditions of the Table: Perspectives on Culinary History Interesting books on the history of food. Hippocrene Books: Cookbooks Specializes in cooking in foreign countries. Jessica's Biscuit Cookbooks (ecookbooks.com) Perhaps you have received their catalog in the mail. A selection of deeply discounted featured books and publishers' closeouts. Oxmoor House is a part of Southern Progress Corporation (a subsidiary of Time/Warner), and publishes compilations for Southern Living, Cooking Light, Williams-Sonoma, and Weight-Watchers. The Taunton Press Publisher of Fine Cooking Ten Speed Press Based on the West Coast and known for its award-winning cookbooks, Ten Speed Press is a nonfiction imprint of the Crown Publishing Group. Wimmer Community Cookbooks Preserving American regional traditions. Buy one of their cookbooks or create your own cookbook! WorkMan Publishing: Cooking, Food & Wine A medium-sized independent publishing company of award-winning cookbooks that also includes Artisan Books and Timber Press.

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K-8 principals will be directly impacted by programs proposed for elimination, including the School Leadership Program that provides professional development support. Last week, Representative Duncan Hunter (R-CA), Chairman of the House Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education, introduced the first in a series of bills that will be considered by the House Education and the Workforce Committee to reauthorize the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. According to the committee’s news release and Representative Duncan’s Floor statement, the “Setting New Priorities in Education Spending Act” (H.R. 1891) seeks to eliminate forty-three “wasteful” K-12 education programs in order to “balance the budget, restore fiscal discipline” and reduce the role of the federal government in education. Elementary and middle-level principals will be directly impacted by several of the programs proposed for elimination, including the School Leadership Program, Improving Literacy through School Libraries, Reading is Fundamental, Parental Information and Resource Centers, and others that provide invaluable services and equip educators with the tools and resources necessary to help students succeed academically. NAESP believes that many of the targeted programs are not “duplicative” or “excessive” spending and serve as important services for educators. For example, the School Leadership Program provides much needed professional development support for principals and if eliminated would greatly reduce the amount of money available for principal professional development. While Title II funds would still be available, only an estimated three percent of current Title II funds appear to be used to build the capacity of principals. Here is a list of programs the House proposes to eliminate. NAESP opposes the elimination of programs that help meet the professional development needs of principals to be effective instructional leaders, and other programs currently implemented in schools to boost general activities that improve teaching and learning, particularly in literacy, school safety, and outreach to parents and families. NAESP will strategically work with partners in the education community to actively support programs that are important to principals. In addition, we encourage you to contact your Representatives and voice your opposition to H.R. 1891. As various measures to reauthorize ESEA move forward, NAESP will provide additional updates and the potential impact on principals and important programs.

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Watertown— Some areas of the North Country will see the temperature dip to 25 below zero tonight, the wind chill could reach 35 below zero, prompting a wind chill warning for tonight through Wednesday morning. Such extreme temperatures can be a health concern. If you are out in the cold, you can be in danger of frostbite. The nose, ears, cheeks, chin, fingers, or toes are most vulnerable frostbite areas. The CDC has a list of warning signs, which may indicate that you have frostbite: · A white or grayish-yellow skin area · Skin that feels unusually firm or waxy If you think you have frostbite, seek medical care immediately. If you can’t seek medical care right away, it is imperative that you take shelter from the cold. If areas are numb don’t use any sort of heating pads, lamps, or devises that would cause the skin to get further damaged and potentially burned. Don’t attempt to walk on frostbitten feet or apply strenuous activity to any frostbitten areas, as this can cause further damage. To avoid frostbite, dress in layers, covering areas that are prone to frostbite.

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NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Ben Bernanke renewed his calls to Congress to stop holding the debt ceiling hostage. "I fully understand the desire to use the debt limit deadline to force some necessary and difficult fiscal policy adjustments, but the debt limit is the wrong tool for that important job," the Federal Reserve chairman said at the annual conference for the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget in D.C. on Tuesday. But if the debt ceiling is not raised, Bernanke said, the United States would be forced to stop payments on some of its existing obligations, possibly including Social Security and military pay. The creditworthiness of the United States would be called into question and the financial markets could be severely disrupted, Bernanke said. "Failing to raise the debt ceiling in a timely way would be self-defeating if the objective is to chart a course toward a better fiscal situation for our nation," he said. That said, Bernanke was also firm in his call for Congress and the Obama administration to hurry up and agree on a long-term strategy for bringing the country's balance sheet back into the black. The speech reflected one of the core struggles currently facing Congress as it debates how to deal with the nation's $14 trillion deficit. On the one hand, it's clear that lawmakers need to quickly agree on a plan to get the nation out of debt. But the economy is still on shaky ground following the worst recession since the Great Depression. Many economists -- including Bernanke -- say drastic budget cuts now could make it harder for the U.S. to recover. Sudden harsh budget cuts "might put the still-fragile recovery at risk," he said, advocating for a long-term approach instead. Bernanke specifically proposed that Congress commit to clear numerical goals and lay out specific ratios of debt to GDP that decrease over time. He cited the Bowles-Simpson plan as a possible option. That report recommends that spending not exceed 21% of gross domestic product. The Federal Reserve's policymaking committee, the FOMC, plans to meet next week to discuss how to proceed after its $600 billion stimulus program runs out at the end of June. The most recent data show the economic recovery slowed in May, but Bernanke said in a speech last week he believes that weakness to be merely temporary, driven by shockwave's from the Japanese earthquake and surging commodity prices earlier this year. |Latest Tesla fire caused by running over a metal object| |Porn-viewing bosses infect corporate networks| |Chrysler recalls 1.2 million trucks| |Twitter stock already downgraded| |What shutdown? Job growth strong in October| |Overnight Avg Rate||Latest||Change||Last Week| |30 yr fixed||4.48%||4.38%| |15 yr fixed||3.49%||3.42%| |30 yr refi||4.47%||4.37%| |15 yr refi||3.48%||3.41%| Today's featured rates: |Latest Report||Next Update| |Home prices||Aug 28| |Consumer confidence||Aug 28| |Manufacturing (ISM)||Sept 4| |Inflation (CPI)||Sept 14| |Retail sales||Sept 14|

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Keeping track of penguins Climate change, expanding fisheries and the increased threat of disease are increasing threats to penguins that make an expanded monitoring network vital. But, how do you get meaningful data with which to make the most appropriate wildlife management decisions, in an environment as hostile and remote as Antarctica? Monitoring wildlife in the Earth’s most rapidly changing ecosystems provides great insight into patterns of environmental change, because changes in Antarctica's wildlife populations reflect those occurring in their environment. Currently only a limited monitoring network exists, so Antarctica is one of the world’s least studied regions. New information can be used to make informed conservation management decisions about how best to manage species under pressure and how to react to the wider global implications of climatic change. Find out more at the educational website, Oceanities Monitoring animals in such an extreme climate is challenging. Many species spend much of their time at sea, and the environment they live in is both hostile and remote, making the visits required to monitor them demanding and costly. For these reasons, the monitoring efforts for many penguin colonies in Antarctica and the sub-Antarctic islands have previously been limited, and the only data that has ben collected bpreviously has come from a few Antarctic research bases. One of our camera traps However, by adapting existing camera technology and using time-lapse photography, we are trialling the development of a new monitoring array for the southern polar region. By monitoring remotely, we hope to be able to ask new questions about the response of Antarctic penguins to their changing world. One such site is at Port Lockroy run by the Antarctic Heritage Trust, where we have set up a camera next to a monitored colony. Cameras capture daily images of the movements of the penguins, allowing us to collect data on the timings of penguin life cycles at different locations, such as their time of arrival to breed and chick fledging. In addition, we are working with Oxford computer science lab on an individual recognition system and a population-modelling system with the British Anatarctic Survey to extend our understanding of what is happening to penguins and the predictions we can make. The images are sent remotely via sattelite, so data is being collected without researchers needing to be present. By collaborating with tourism operators, we are trying to reach many more potential monitoring sites over the Antarctic Peninsula and surrounding islands. It is possible to expand the current limited monitoring network to include a far greater coverage of species and network sites, in a cost effective way. we currently have monitoing sites at 6 locations, but hope to have over 20 in the near future. Results so far Our initial results from existing monitoring data suggest climate change will continue to have unequal impacts on species, requiring regionally tailored management, and supporting the need for further research to evaluate species specific responses to climate change and other threats. With new data from our monitoring network, we hope to refine these findings and use them to help design tailored Protected Area networks, to protect penguins into the future. Find out more about this scientific work at Stony Brook University's Lynch Lab for Quantitative Ecology Time-lapse video of one penguin colony: Our funders and partners:

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Europe is lurching through an energy crisis. Across Europe, consumer groups, governments and manufacturers are asking how their energy needs can be met affordably and responsibly. Most economic wounds are self-inflicted, and this is certainly true of Europe. So-called green energy was popular with voters, but has not delivered reliable and competitive energy. Today, it is a massive drain on individual and governmental resources. New York Times columnist Stanley Reed recently wrote that the signs are everywhere. Britain has been unable to reach a deal for its first nuclear power station since the 1990s. Spain, once a clean-energy enthusiast, is no longer as strong an advocate for wind and solar power. Prices for permits to emit greenhouse gases represent a fraction of what they were a few years ago, meaning they are no longer doing their intended job of inducing utilities and manufacturers to invest in new technologies and switch to cleaner fuels. European parliamentarians are concerned about further rising energy costs companies already say are putting them at a competitive disadvantage. The issue is far more acute than in the United States, where the shale gas revolution has done wonders to ease energy angst. “Europeans are getting increasingly concerned about energy,” said Corin Taylor, an analyst at the Institute of Directors, a British business group. “Manufacturers are looking at U.S. energy prices with envy and, if they can, they are making investments in North America.” Shale gas is cheaper, abundant and cleaner than any other fossil fuel. Unfortunately, Europe is not yet developing its game-changing shale reserves because many countries rushed ahead with inefficient windmills. These are becoming increasingly unpopular, towering, noisy eyesores. Unlike the North American energy market where natural gas is cheaper than coal, in Europe it is not. The disparity in prices follows regional market dynamics, which are skewed to low cost domestic shale gas in the U.S. and Canada while Europe’s natural gas is imported and priced accordingly higher. This price differential is expected to last because domestic shale gas development in European member states is proceeding more slowly than in North America. Expect Europe’s energy problems to continue. • Mike Piershale, a chartered financial consultant, is president of Piershale Financial Group. Send any financial questions you wish to have answered in this column to Piershale Financial Group Inc., 407 Congress Parkway, Crystal Lake, IL 60014. You also may fax them to 815-455-6453 or email Mike.Piershale@PiershaleFinancial.com

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Czaar Peter"The Russian Connection" Czaar Peter is a living, not pasteurized, fermented beer. Russian Imperial Stout was originally brewed in England during the 18th century. Given the frosty sea transport a beer was brewed with high alcohol content. The origin of this Russian Imperial Stout is located in Zaandam. For this we go back to the year 1697. It is in this year that Tsar Peter I in Zaandam lived and worked as a carpenter. To emphasize the Russian-Dutch relationship, we enriched the beer with Tsar Peter 'Zaanse Cocoa. The introduction of this beer took place at the Russian embassy in the Hague. Aroma, fragrance Roasted, light caramel, walnuts. Main links Coffee, bitter chocolate, currants. Mouth Feeling Sticky, slightly burning, alcohol warmend. Aftertaste Cocoa, roasted, caramel, in a nice balance. Beer Type Russian Imperial Stout with cocoa. Commodities Water, Caramünich, Pils, Chocolate, and Black Malt, Challenger hopkorrels, Cocoa and Yeast. Fermentation Fermented, not pasteurized and secondary fermentation in the bottle. Stam Wort 17.7 ° Plato Alcohol Ca. 8.5 Vol. % Residual sugars Medium to fairly great. Color Ca. EBC 125 (very dark brown, red hues) Bitterness Ca. 35 EBU. Bronze Award Australian International Beer Awards 2009

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[Haskell-cafe] Curry and uncurry prstanley at ntlworld.com Wed Oct 3 07:55:27 EDT 2007 The following is from the Hutton book: Without looking at the standard prelude, define the higher-order library function curry that converts a function on pairs into a curried function, and conversely, the function uncurry that converts a curried function with two arguments into a function on pairs. Hint: first write down the types of the two functions. I didn't even know about the curry and uncurry functions. I'm not looking for the answer but some guidance would be much appreciated. More information about the Haskell-Cafe

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The main branch of the University of Miami (not to be confused with Miami University – Ohio) is located in Coral Gables, Florida. Since it has been around for over 80 years, the University of Miami has been one of the most recognized private universities in the southern region of the United States with their dedication to students and the community. Though their dedication lies at the heart of their academic qualities, the Miami University has earned the most popularity from their sports accomplishments. Because of the school’s hard work through the years, the Miami Hurricanes is one of the most formidable opponents in the world of college sports. At the University of Miami, the Miami Hurricanes is one of the most recognized names on campus. Their football programs have been through some treacherous times since its inception, though. In the last 25 years, though, the Miami Hurricanes have won more national college football championship titles than any other team in their particular division. In addition to that accomplishment, many former Miami Hurricanes players have gone on to achieve even greater success in the sports world. Several of the Professional Football Hall of Fame inductees began their football career at the Miami University. The school has also produced several Super Bowl MVPs and Heisman Trophy winners, which is possibly the most coveted award in the college football world. The team plays its home football games at the renowned Orange Bowl just minutes away from the University of Miami. Football is not the only sport that is popular at the University of Miami, though. Baseball is also a popular sports option at the school. The Miami Hurricanes team has won four national baseball championships in recent years. In addition to that, the team has made it to the College World Series a total of 22 out of the last 33 years, which is a tremendous accomplishment for any team to achieve. The baseball program has also produced its share of success stories. Many former players from the Miami University have gone on toe be successful on major league teams. Basketball is also a huge part of the University of Miami’s burgeoning athletic program. Though the school halted its basketball program in the 1970s and into the 1980s due to lack of interest, the school revived the program and became a force to be reckoned with. In 1990, the Miami Hurricanes basketball team joined the Big East Conference and won three straight NCAA tournament appearances in the last few years of the decade. They also made the Sweet 16 in the tournament in 2000, which was an accomplishment that had not occurred since 1960. Recently, they have set school goals and constructed a new on-campus arena where they continue to be a competitive force among the nation’s best college basketball teams. With a dedication to both academics and sports, the University of Miami has become one of the most sought-after schools for high school graduates. The fact that it is in southern Florida only adds to its strong appeal. As long as the school continues to dedicate its efforts to being a recognized private university in the fields of academics with competitive and reputable sports programs, it will continues to draw the interest of thousands of students and sports fans alike. There are many Motels in Miami and Miami vacation rentals in Coral Gables that might be ideal for those looking forward to visit the University of Miami.

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Water regime dependence of fish in the wet-dry tropics Land & Water Australia. 2009. Water regime dependence of fish in the wet-dry tropics. [Online] (Updated July 30th, 2009) Available at: http://lwa.gov.au/node/3560 [Accessed Wednesday 23rd of October 2013 01:53:57 PM ]. This project has improved understanding of the potential ecological impacts of changes in dry season flow regimes of tropical river ecosystems caused by water resources development in these catchments. The project investigated variation in fish distribution and ecological requirements across a natural flow regime gradient using field sites, and document indigenous knowledge on fish in the Daly River. This information has been used to develop models, based on BBNs, to predict the impact of different water allocation scenarios on freshwater fish in key areas of the Daly River catchment. It has also developed collaborations that will enhance the capacity of managers in the NT. Brad Pussey, Mark Kennard, Michael Douglas, Sue Jackson This publication is not attached to any projects.

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Planting Trees, Hoping Good Things Take Root MONTGOMERY — Earth Day celebrations continued in Lycoming County with new trees going in the ground in one community. By the time more than a dozen volunteers would finish the job in Montgomery, about 50 new trees will be well on their way to taking root. The students from Penn College and Lycoming College pitched in to help plant the trees throughout the community, all part of an effort to revitalize Montgomery. “It’s a cute little town, nice to see them trying to improve it, nice to be able to help that,” said Katy Wrona, a senior at Lycoming College. The trees arrived just before Arbor Day and were made possible by a grant from the Susquehanna Greenway Partnership that was matched with local contributions. “Idea is to improve the appearance as people come into town, kind of the greenway, streetscape, shading the pavement,” said Becky Sanguedolce of Revitalize Montgomery. A number of trees are being planted on private property in Montgomery. The homeowners said it should help them get a tree or two for free and in the long run help beautify this community that desperately needs it. “Montgomery needs a lot of sprucing up. It’s trying to get industry back into here,” said resident Ken Aikey. Aikey will end up with five new trees in his yard and said all the new plantings will make Montgomery more inviting. That could be the start to helping the environment and this community for a long time to come.

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- Chitra Sethi for ASME.org - Source: http://www.asme.org/kb/news---articles/articles/ae... Space Camp, Space Buddies, Star Wars, Star Trek, Wall-E, and more recently Mars Needs Moms. Kids have always been fascinated with space-related movies. They have seen astronauts and robots in "reel life," but how often do they get an opportunity to meet them in real life? On August 17, 2011, the dream world of hundreds of kids connected with the real world at NASA's What's Your Favorite Space event, held at the Eventi Hotel in New York City, NY. The one-day event, an effort by NASA to inspire kids in engineering and space and learn what NASA does besides the space shuttle, featured demos, videos, interactive exhibits, 3-D virtual experiences, and hands-on activities exploring the final frontier. "We wanted the event to focus not only on what NASA is doing next [after the space shuttle program], but also to inspire the next generation to participate in what NASA is doing next," said Sheri Beam of NASA's Langley Research Center, Langley, VA. Robots in Action Besides the outer space experience, kids got a first-hand experience controlling MindStorm robots to pick up small objects from the ground. NYU Polytechnic also had an iPhone-controlled robot rolling around, which grabbed the attention of several girls and boys, who tried maneuvering the minibot's robotic arm using an iPhone to pick up a plastic cup from the ground.

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Tunisia places 83rd in this year's Report. The country's positioning reflects the important challenges Tunisia will have to tackle in order to put its economy onto a sustainable growth path and resolve its daunting unemployment problem. The country's macroeconomic fundamentals need to be brought back on track by narrowing the budget deficit and further reducing inflation. Ensuring that the labor market contributes to more efficiently using talent is crucial to raising competitiveness. The country currently ranks very low at 132nd overall on the labor market efficiency pillar. At the same time, financial markets do not efficiently fulfill their role in providing the business sector with financial means to grow. Moreover, the banking system needs to be stabilized further to build trust and confidence, which at present is ranked a low 129th. Egypt drops by 11 positions to reach 118th place in this year's GCI. This assessment is likely influenced by the country's continued transition since the events of the Arab Spring. The deteriorating security situation and tenacious political instability are undermining the country's competitiveness and its growth potential going forward. Although resolving political friction needs to remain the priority as this Report goes to print, many of the underlying factors that will be decisive about the sustainability of the country and the cohesion of the society over the medium to longer term are economic in nature. Establishing confidence through a credible and far-reaching reform program will be vital to the country's future and to realizing the considerable potential of the country's large market size and proximity to key global markets. According to the GCI, three areas are of particular importance. First, the macroeconomic environment has deteriorated over recent years to reach 140th position mainly because of widening fiscal deficit, rising public indebtedness, and persisting inflationary pressures. A credible fiscal consolidation plan, accompanied by structural reforms, will be necessary in order to maintain macroeconomic stability in the country. This may prove difficult in times of rising energy prices, as energy subsidies account for a considerable share of public expenditure. However, better targeting of subsidies could allow for fiscal consolidation while protecting the most vulnerable. Second, measures to intensify domestic competition would result in efficiency gains and contribute to energizing the economy by providing access to new entrants. This, in turn, would make the country's private sector more dynamic, thereby contributing to job creation. And third, making labor markets flexible (141st) and more efficient (145th) would allow the country to increase employment in the medium term. Sub-Saharan Africa continues its impressive growth rate of close to 5 percent in 2012 (with similar projections for the next two years), providing something of a silver lining in an otherwise uncertain global economy. Indeed, only emerging Asia registers higher growth. Growth has largely taken place on the backs of strong investment, favorable commodity prices, and a prudent macroeconomic stance. There are, however, some regional variations, and in fact, in terms of underlying competitiveness, sub- Saharan Africa continues to reflect one of significant regional variations in the GCI, ranging from Mauritius (overtaking South Africa and coming in at 45th this year) to the lowest ranked Chad at 148th. Economies with closer ties to advanced economies, such as South Africa, have not yet returned to pre-crisis growth rates. More generally, sub-Saharan Africa as a whole trails the rest of the world in competitiveness, requiring efforts across many areas to place the region on a firmly sustainable growth and development path going forward: the region continues to register a profound infrastructure deficit. In addition, sub-Saharan Africa overall continues to underperform significantly in providing health and basic education (only Mauritius and Seychelles rank in the upper half of the rankings). Higher education and training also need to be further developed. The region's poor performance across all basic requirements for competitiveness stands in stark contrast to its comparatively stronger performance in market efficiency, where particularly the region's middle-income economies fare relatively well (South Africa, Mauritius, and Kenya rank in the top 20 percent in financial market development). Moving forward, technological uptake continues to remain weak, with only three economies (South Africa, Mauritius, and Seychelles) featuring in the top half of the overall GCI rankings on this pillar. Mauritius moves up by nine places this year to 45th place, becoming the highest ranked country in the region. The country benefits from relatively strong and transparent public institutions (39th), with clear property rights, strong judicial independence, and an efficient government (29th). Private institutions are rated as highly accountable (14th), with effective auditing and accounting standards and strong investor protection. The country's infrastructure is well developed by regional standards (50th), particularly its ports, air transport, and roads. Furthermore, notable improvements have taken place in the areas of market efficiency. Financial markets have deepened, lifting Mauritius' rank up to 26th on the back of improved access to different modes of financing and financial services. This is further reflected in company spending on R&D - which seems to be increasing, albeit from low levels - thus somewhat enhancing Mauritius' innovative capacity. Furthermore, the country boasts an efficient goods market (25th) driven by greater foreign prevalence and more competition. The labor market is relatively flexible (55th), although the country does not deploy its talent efficiently: Mauritius ranks 92nd in its capacity to retain talent, and the share of women in the labor force remains low at 118th. This is further reflected in the low availability of scientists and engineers (102nd). South Africa is ranked 53rd this year, overtaking Brazil to place second among the BRICS. South Africa does well on measures of the quality of its institutions (41st), including intellectual property protection (18th), property rights (20th), and in the efficiency of the legal framework in challenging and settling disputes (13th and 12th, respectively). The high accountability of its private institutions (2nd) further supports the institutional framework. Furthermore, South Africa's financial market development remains impressive at 3rd place. The country also has an efficient market for goods and services (28th), and it does reasonably well in more complex areas such as business sophistication (35th) and innovation (39th). But the country's strong ties to advanced economies, notably the euro area, make it more vulnerable to their economic slowdown and likely have contributed to the deterioration of fiscal indicators: its performance in the macroeconomic environment has dropped sharply (from 69th to 95th). Low scores for the diversion of public funds (99th), the perceived wastefulness of government spending (79th), and a more general lack of public trust in politicians (98th) remain worrisome, and security continues to be a major area of concern for doing business (at 109th). Building a skilled labor force and creating sufficient employment also present considerable challenges. The health of the workforce is anked 133rd out of 148 economies - the result of high rates of communicable diseases and poor health indicators more generally. The quality of the educational system is very poor (146th), with low primary and tertiary enrollment rates. Labor market efficiency is poor (116th), hiring and firing practices are extremely rigid (147th), companies cannot set wages flexibly (144th), and significant tensions in labor-employer relations exist (148th). Raising educational standards and making the labor market more efficient will thus be critical in view of the country's high unemployment rate of over 20 percent, with the rate of youth unemployment stimated at close to 50 percent. Rwanda is ranked 66th this year, retaining its third place in the sub-Saharan African region. As do the other comparatively successful African countries, Rwanda benefits from strong and relatively well-functioning institutions, with very low levels of corruption (an outcome that is certainly related to the government's no-tolerance policy, and a good security environment. Its labor markets are efficient, its financial markets are relatively well developed, and Rwanda is characterized by a capacity for innovation that is quite good for a country at its stage of development. The greatest challenges facing Rwanda in improving its competitiveness are the state of the country's infrastructure, its low secondary and university enrollment rates, and the poor health of its workforce. Botswana moves up five places to 74th, taking fourth spot in the region. Improvements are driven in large part by a sounder macroeconomic environment. Among the country's strengths are its relatively reliable and transparent institutions (34th), with efficient government spending, strong public trust in politicians, and low levels of corruption. Botswana's primary weaknesses continue to be related to its human resources base. Educational enrollment rates at all levels remain low by international standards, and the quality of the educational system receives mediocre marks. Yet it is clear that by far the biggest obstacle facing Botswana in its efforts to improve its competitiveness remains its health situation. The rates of disease in the country remain very high, and health outcomes are poor despite improvements in recent years. For a middle-income country in transition to an efficiency-driven economy, the goods market must become more efficient (92nd). Going forward, combined efforts across all areas will be needed if the country was to reduce its heavy dependence on the mining sector and to set its economy on a more diversified growth path. Seychelles ranks 80th overall, rounding out the top five countries in the region. The country registers a solid performance in the basic requirements for competitiveness: It benefits from strong and well- functioning institutions by regional standards (45th), with strong public trust in politicians (32nd) and a government that is seen as efficient (37th). Infrastructure is also relatively well developed (43rd) and the Seychelles do well in regional comparison when it comes to health and primary education (55th). As the country is now approaching the innovation-driven stage of development, it needs to lay the fundamentals for higher-value added growth. This will require improvements in higher education and training (79h) particularly in view of its very low tertiary enrollment rates (2.6 percent), its weak math and science education and limited availability of research and training services (93rd). Namibia reverses its downward trend of recent years slightly, improving by two places to reach 90th place. The country continues to benefit from a relatively well-functioning institutional environment (48th), with well-protected property rights, an independent judiciary, and reasonably strong public trust in politicians. The country's transport infrastructure is also good by regional standards (47th). Financial markets are reasonably developed (39th) and buttressed by solid confidence in financial institutions (21st), although their overall assessment has weakened for three years in a row. In order to improve its competitiveness, as in much of the region, Namibia must improve its health and educational systems. The country is ranked a low 123rd on the health subpillar (down five places), with high infant mortality and low life expectancy--the result, in large part, of the high rates of communicable diseases. On the educational side, enrollment rates remain low and the quality of the educational system remains poor (124th). In addition, Namibia could do more to harness new technologies to improve its productivity levels (90th). Kenya moves up by an impressive 10 places and is ranked 96th this year on the back of greater confidence in institutions (88th). The country's strengths continue to be found in the more complex areas measured by the GCI. Kenya's innovative capacity is ranked an impressive 46th, with high company spending on R&D and good scientific research institutions that collaborate well with the business sector in research activities. Supporting this innovative potential is an educational system that - although educating a relatively small proportion of the population compared with most other countries - gets relatively good marks for quality (44th) as well as for on-the-job training (49th). The economy is also supported by financial markets that are well developed by international standards (31st) and a relatively efficient labor market (35th). On the other hand, Kenya's overall competitiveness is held back by a number of factors. Health remains an area of serious concern (121st), with a high prevalence of communicable diseases contributing to the low life expectancy of fewer than 58 years and reducing the productivity of the workforce. The security situation in Kenya also remains worrisome (131st). Senegalcomes in at 113th place this year. Although the country's institutions rank still relatively low at 82nd, our data suggest an improvement across a range of indicators since the 2012 elections, albeit from low levels. Senegal also benefits from relatively efficient goods and labor markets (59th and 65th, respectively), red tape to start a business is low even in international comparison, FDI faces relatively few barriers, and labor-employer relations are reasonably good (57th). Moreover, Senegal hosts good ports (47th), although all other modes of transport require significant upgrades (95th overall). The country's competitiveness is further pulled down by the poor health and basic education of its population (131st). Indeed, only three out of four children receive primary education, which is very low compared with its middle- income peers, and communicable diseases continue to erode at the health of the general population. Ghana declines this year to 114th in large as a result of a deterioration in its macroeconomic indicators (reversing last year's trend). With regard to strengths, the country seems to be improving its public institutions, which are already somewhat strong by regional standards (up by five places to 70th), with relatively high government efficiency (57th). In addition, some aspects of its infrastructure are good for the region, particularly the state of its ports, and its financial and goods markets are also relatively well developed (52nd and 70th, respectively). On the other hand, Ghana must do much more to develop and deploy talent in the country. Education levels continue to trail international standards at all levels, labor markets are characterized by inefficiencies, and the country is not sufficiently harnessing new technologies for productivity enhancements (ICT adoption rates continue to be very low). Nigeria is ranked 120th this year. The country continues to benefit from its relatively large market size (32nd), which has the potential for significant economies of scale and is an important factor for attracting investment. Nigeria also benefits from an efficient labor market, and the financial market has been recovering gradually from the 2009 crisis. Yet efforts need to be taken to diversify its economy into the non-oil sector and increase long-term competitiveness. Institutions remain weak (129th) with insufficiently protected property rights, high corruption, and undue influence. The security situation in the country, already seriously worrisome, continues last year's downward trend to 142nd. Additionally, Nigeria must continue to upgrade its infrastructure (135th) as well as improve health and primary education (146th). Furthermore, the country is not harnessing the latest technologies for productivity enhancements, as demonstrated by its low rates of ICT penetration. Tanzania is ranked 125th this year. Its institutions have been deteriorating over the past years--although government regulation is not seen as overly burdensome(53rd), corruption has been worsening (106th) and policymaking has become less transparent. In addition, some aspects of the labor market - such as the country's strong female participation in the labor force (5th) and reasonable redundancy costs - lend themselves to efficiency. On the other hand, infrastructure in Tanzania is underdeveloped (134th), with poor roads and ports and an unreliable electricity supply (131st). And although primary education enrollment is commendably high, providing universal access, enrollment rates at the secondary and university levels are among the lowest in the world (at 134th and 138th place, respectively), while the quality of the educational system needs upgrading. A related area of concern is the country's low level of technological readiness (126th), with very low uptake of ICTs such as the Internet and mobile telephony. The basic health of its workforce is also a serious concern: the country is ranked 125th in this area, with poor health indicators and high levels of communicable diseases. Côte d'Ivoire is ranked 126th this year. Like many of its sub-Saharan peers, the country's labor market is relatively efficient (68th), a ranking that is primarily driven by its high flexibility (36th). Furthermore, the country does well in attracting FDI - prevalence of foreign ownership is perceived as very high by the business community. Going forward, however, critical challenges remain. Institutions remain low (104th) despite a gradual improvement over recent years, and infrastructure is underdeveloped (107th). Moreover, the country does not meet primary needs in terms of health and basic education (142nd), ranking among the lowest 10 countries worldwide on the related pillar. Only 60 percent of all children are enrolled in primary education, and the burden of communicable diseases - particularly the high incidence of malaria and HIV - weighs heavily on the workforce. Furthermore, technological adoption is very low across private users and the business sector, with only 2 percent of the population using the Internet. Ethiopia falls six places to 127th this year, facing challenges across all pillars. The country ranks above 100th only for its market size (67th) and the quality of its institutions (95th), although it should be noted that the assessment of institutions has been falling over recent years across almost all indicators, including property rights, ethics and corruption, undue influence, and government efficiency. Furthermore, the country's goods (136th) and labor markets (108th) seem to be deteriorating, with more procedures and time required to start a business along with increasing concerns about the quality of labor-employer relations (121st), hiring and firing practices (99th), and the alignment between pay and productivity (125th). Ethiopia also requires significant improvements in the areas of infrastructure (124th), higher education and training (137th), and technological readiness (139th). On a more positive note, security - ranked 55th - is better than in many of its sub-Saharan peers, primary education with a net enrollment rate of 87 percent is comparatively good (although the quality of primary education is very low), and women account for a high percentage of the country's labor force. Liberia ranks 128th in this year's GCI. The country features a well-developed goods and labor market by regional standards (47th and 60th, respectively), with few procedures and low cost to start a business in the country, and a taxation regime that is not overly distortive to economic decision making. In order to enhance its competitiveness, Liberia must focus on improving its physical infrastructure (131st) and enhancing human resources by improving the health and education levels of its workforce (144th). Zimbabwe remains relatively stable at 131st position. Public institutions continue to receive a weak assessment, particularly related to corruption, security, and government favoritism, although overall the assessment of this pillar has improved somewhat since a few years ago. Yet major concerns remain with regard to the protection of property rights (137th), where Zimbabwe is among the lowest-ranked countries, reducing the incentive for businesses to invest. And despite efforts to improve its macroeconomic environment - including the dollarization of its economy in early 2009, which brought down inflation and interest rates - Zimbabwe still receives a low rank in this pillar (114th), demonstrating the extent of efforts still needed to ensure its macroeconomic stability. Weaknesses in other areas include health (132nd in the health subpillar), low education enrollment rates, and formal markets that continue to function with difficulty (particularly with regard to goods and labor markets, ranked 130th and 140th, respectively). Mozambique ranks 137th this year, with efforts required across many areas to lift the economy onto a sustainable growth and development path, particularly in view of its natural resource potential. The country's public institutions receive a weak assessment on the basis of low public trust in politicians, significant red tape faced by companies in their business dealings, and the perceived wastefulness of government spending. Macroeconomic stability is still weak (98th) although recent efforts seem to be bearing some fruit in containing price rises (inflation is down to 2 percent from double-digits last year). Looking ahead, significant reform will be needed to advance the country's long-term competitiveness, including making critical investments across all modes of infrastructure (ranked 130th), establishing a regulatory framework that encourages competition to foster economic diversification, and developing a sound financial market (132nd). Also critical, in view of the country's rapidly growing population and high unemployment, are investing in the healthcare system and primary education (138th) as well as higher education and training (143rd). Angola re-enters the GCI this year at 142nd place. As with its oil-exporting peers, a positive fiscal balance and low public debt contribute to a comparatively stable macroeconomic environment (54th), but much remains to be done across the board to build out the country's competitiveness. Given its favorable fiscal stance, the country has a unique opportunity to invest revenues in competiveness-enhancing measures. In this context, its poor performance across all governance indicators is worrisome: Both public and private institutions are characterized by widespread corruption, and inefficient government spending casts doubt on the country's ability to spend resource receipts in the most important areas. Furthermore, the country's infrastructure is one of the least developed globally (145th), and its population would be well served by improvements in the educational and health systems (137th).

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6500 - Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Appendix A to Part 1008Examples of Mortgage Loan Originator Activities This Appendix provides examples to aid in the understanding of activities that would cause an individual to fall within or outside the definition of a mortgage loan originator under Part 1008. The examples in this Appendix are not all-inclusive. They illustrate only the issue described and do not illustrate any other issues that may arise. For purposes of the examples below, the term "loan" refers to a residential mortgage loan as defined in § 1008.23 of this part. (a) Taking a Loan Application. Taking a residential mortgage loan application within the meaning of § 1008.103(c)(1) means receipt by an individual, for the purpose of facilitating a decision whether to extend an offer of loan terms to a borrower or prospective borrower, of an application as defined in § 1008.23 (a request in any form for an offer, or a response to a solicitation of an offer, of residential mortgage loan terms, and the information about the borrower or prospective borrower that is customary or necessary in a decision whether to make such an offer). (1) The following are examples to illustrate when an individual takes, or does not take, a loan application: (i) An individual "takes a residential mortgage loan application" even if the individual: (A) Has received the borrower or prospective borrower's request or information indirectly. Section 1008.103(c)(1) provides that an individual takes an application, whether he or she receives it "directly or indirectly" from the borrower or prospective borrower. This means that an individual who offers or negotiates residential mortgage loan terms for compensation or gain cannot avoid licensing requirements simply by having another person physically receive the application from the prospective borrower and then pass the application to the individual; (B) Is not responsible for verifying information. The fact that an individual who takes application information from a borrower or prospective borrower is not responsible for verifying that information--for example, the individual is a mortgage broker who collects and sends that information to a lender--does not mean that the individual is not taking an application; (C) Only inputs the information into an online application or other automated system; or (D) Is not involved in approval of the loan, including determining whether the consumer qualifies for the loan. Similar to an individual who is not responsible for verification, an individual can still "take a residential mortgage loan application" even if he or she is not ultimately responsible for approving the loan. A mortgage broker, for example, can take a residential mortgage loan application even though it is passed on to a lender for a decision on whether the borrower qualifies for the loan and for the ultimate loan approval. (ii) An individual does not take a loan application merely because the individual performs any of the following actions: (A) Receives a loan application through the mail and forwards it, without review, to loan approval personnel. The Bureau interprets the term "takes a residential mortgage loan application" to exclude an individual whose only role with respect to the application is physically handling a completed application form or transmitting a completed form to a lender on behalf of a borrower or prospective borrower. This interpretation is consistent with the definition of "loan originator" in section 1503(3) of the S.A.F.E. Act. (B) Assists a borrower or prospective borrower who is filling out an application by explaining the contents of the application and where particular borrower information is to be provided on the application; (C) Generally describes for a borrower or prospective borrower the loan application process without a discussion of particular loan products; or (D) In response to an inquiry regarding a prequalified offer that a borrower or prospective borrower has received from a lender, collects only basic identifying information about the borrower or prospective borrower on behalf of that lender. (b) Offering or Negotiating Terms of a Loan. The following examples are designed to illustrate when an individual offers or negotiates terms of a loan within the meaning of § 1008.103(c)(2) and, conversely, what does not constitute offering or negotiating terms of a loan: (1) Offering or negotiating the terms of a loan includes: (i) Presenting for consideration by a borrower or prospective borrower particular loan terms, whether verbally, in writing, or otherwise, even if: (A) Further verification of information is necessary; (B) The offer is conditional; (C) Other individuals must complete the loan process; (D) The individual lacks authority to negotiate the interest rate or other loan terms; or (E) The individual lacks authority to bind the person that is the source of the prospective financing. (ii) Communicating directly or indirectly with a borrower or prospective borrower for the purpose of reaching a mutual understanding about prospective residential mortgage loan terms, including responding to a borrower or prospective borrower's request for a different rate or different fees on a pending loan application by presenting to the borrower or prospective borrower a revised loan offer, even if a mutual understanding is not subsequently achieved. (2) Offering or negotiating terms of a loan does not include any of the following activities: (i) Providing general explanations or descriptions in response to consumer queries, such as explaining loan terminology (e.g., debt-to-income ratio) or lending policies (e.g., the loan-to-value ratio policy of the lender), or describing product-related services; (ii) Arranging the loan closing or other aspects of the loan process, including by communicating with a borrower or prospective borrower about those arrangements, provided that any communication that includes a discussion about loan terms only verifies terms already agreed to by the borrower or prospective borrower; (iii) Providing a borrower or prospective borrower with information unrelated to loan terms, such as the best days of the month for scheduling loan closings at the bank; (iv) Making an underwriting decision about whether the borrower or prospective borrower qualifies for a loan; (v) Explaining or describing the steps that a borrower or prospective borrower would need to take in order to obtain a loan offer, including providing general guidance about qualifications or criteria that would need to be met that is not specific to that borrower or prospective borrower's circumstances; (vi) Communicating on behalf of a mortgage loan originator that a written offer has been sent to a borrower or prospective borrower without providing any details of that offer; or (vii) Offering or negotiating loan terms solely through a third-party licensed loan originator, so long as the nonlicensed individual does not represent to the public that he or she can or will perform covered activities and does not communicate with the borrower or potential borrower. For example: (A) A seller who provides financing to a purchaser of a dwelling owned by that seller in which the offer and negotiation of loan terms with the borrower or prospective borrower is conducted exclusively by a third-party licensed loan originator; (B) An individual who works solely for a lender, when the individual offers loan terms exclusively to third-party licensed loan originators and not to borrowers or potential borrowers. (c) For Compensation or Gain. (1) An individual acts "for compensation or gain" within the meaning of § 1008.103(c)(2)(ii) if the individual receives or expects to receive in connection with the individual's activities anything of value, including, but not limited to, payment of a salary, bonus, or commission. The concept "anything of value" is interpreted broadly and is not limited only to payments that are contingent upon the closing of a loan. (2) An individual does not act "for compensation or gain" if the individual acts as a volunteer without receiving or expecting to receive anything of value in connection with the individual's activities. [Codified to 12 C.F.R. Part 1008, Appendix A]

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On Sat, Apr 27, 2013 at 2:15 PM, Oliver Sims < > Did I recently see a mention of a "Standalone ooDialog Launcher"? > Or am I mistaken? No, you are correct. I have the implementation working in ooDialog 4.2.3, (in trunk.) It is similar to rexxhide, but will also have some enhancements. Some of which may be ooDialog specific. The second command line above launches oograph.rex without a console. Which, since I am running it from a command prompt doesn't make much difference. But if it were launched through Windows Explorer, there would not be that annoying command prompt window opening up. The ooDialog executable is a stand alone interface to run ooDialog programs, or to optionally provide other ooDialog services and ooDialog [option flags] [programName] [arg1 arg2 ... argN] If no arguments are given, this help is shown. All option flags start with the '-' character. The first argument that does not start with the '-' character is taken to be the name of an ooRexx program to be executed. All arguments following programName are passed as arguments to programName. When programName is executed, it is executed with no console window. This is similar to rexxHide. -h Show the short help text. /? Same as -h. -H Show this, the long, help text. --help When run from a console window, show the long help. -s Display the ooDialog Setup dialog. -v Print the short version string. -V Print the long version string. --version If from a console window, print the long version string. The first argument that does not begin with '-' is taken as the name of a Rexxx program to be executed. The program is executed without creating a console window. This implies that say, pull, and trace statements have no effect. arg1 ... argN: Arguments following the perceived program name are passed on as arguments to programName The -s option displays a set up dialog that allows you to configure ooDialog "related" things. Currently the only "thing" is associating file types with ooDialog.exe. So for instance you could associate the .ood extension with ooDialog.exe. Then, if you double click on a file, say, oograph.ood, it would launch without a console. What is enhanced about this, over say the ooRexx installer, is that you can use set up to remove an association, add more than one association, modify the existing associations, etc.. Another enhancement is that you can specify the associations and related information to be for the current user only, rather than system wide. This is important on Windows Vista and later because the current user can modify his / her association information without having administrator privileges. Another feature is that, if you want to add / modify the association for all users, on Windows Vista and later, you will get the standard UAC prompt to elevate the process. Then if you are already in the Administrator group, the process will be automatically elevated to run with Administrator privilege, allowing you to modify the All Users settings. Likewise, if you can supply an Administrator password, the process will be An unanticipated benefit to this last is that, having written the C / C++ code to do this, I will use that code to add methods to ooDialog to allow the programmer to determine if the current process is being "RunAs Administrator" or not, is "Elevated" or not, if the current user is in the Administrator group, and the security level of the current process. Plus, there will be a way to display the elevation prompt when needed, to allow you to write ooDialog programs that "RunAs Administrator when needed. One option will be to start an ooDialog program elevated from the start. This would be something like: C:\work.ooRexx>oodialog -UAC oograph.rex In the above, if elevation was not needed, for instance if the command prompt window was already being "RunAs" the oograph.rex program would just execute. But, if the command prompt window just had standard user privilege, then the typical UAC prompt would be shown. Which the user could cancel of course and oograph.rex would not run. Or, if not canceled, the program would run with Administrator privilege. All of that will allow you to write ooDialog applications that work with UAC in the standard way, in the way Windows 7 programs are supposed to work. Under rexxhide, if an error condition is raised during the program execution, it just ends and the user has no idea of what happened. Under ooDialog.exe if an error condition is raised a dialog pops up displaying the condition text, and the program ends. The arguments to the ooDialog program will be supplied to the program as an array of individual arguments in the .local environment. This is a feature in ooRexx trunk that has not made it to an ooRexx release. This will allow a number of possible future enhancements that are either not fully thought out as of yet - or not thought of at all. For instance - say you hate autodetection as much as I do, it might be possible in the ooDialog set up configuration to write a value to the registry to turn the default to OFF rather than ON. Or other types of configuration information. When the ooDialog DLL, (which is the ooDialog framework basically,) is loaded it would read its configuration information from the registry and act accordingly. Maybe a configuration option would be to "always use 1-based indexes." Then in a ListView control, all indexes would be one-based instead of zero-based as they are now.

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Rural Electrification Corporation (REC), a government-controlled non-banking finance company (NBFC) for the power sector, has opposed the central bank’s new discussion paper on draft guidelines for NBFCs. Seeking that the status quo on NBFC norms be maintained, the lender has asked the ministry of power to intervene on its behalf on the crucial issues of higher capital adequacy ratio for Tier-I capital and on tightening the exposure limit. REC last week wrote a letter to the ministry on the norms proposed by a working group of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). The company is also in the process of seeking clarification from RBI on the draft banking guidelines. REC and Power Finance Corporation, another state-run lender for the sector, had planned to promote a bank but the draft RBI guidelines restrict setting up of banks to private promoters. “There are two proposals we are opposing. First, the criteria for eligibility of only promoters who are from private sector, and second, the condition of transfer of assets to the bank. These two conditions are not favourable to REC because we do not want to convert to a bank,” chairman and managing director H D Khunteta told Business Standard. Khunteta said the company’s spread and net interest margins were far better than that of a bank. “If today we have to convert to bank, we will have to comply with the statutory liquidity ratio and cash reserve ratio. Besides, we are only in one sector but we will have to provide funds to other sectors,” he said. The proposed norms envisage that NBFCs transfer assets and merger with banks but Khunteta said their objective was to promote banks by joining hands with foreign banks or an infrastructure finance company with rural network to enhance shareholder value. “Now, clarification from the government is required whether a public sector undertaking (PSU) can become a promoter.” He said the basic nature of the bank could remain in the private sector, with PSUs investing only 26 or 49 per cent of equity. Besides, deferring transfer of assets should be allowed. The RBI working group on NBFCs had earlier proposed that the capital adequacy ratio should be 12 per cent for Tier I capital against 7.5 per cent at present. Second, it has suggested the exposure limit be reduced by five per cent. There are some advantages that the proposed norms offer like the tax advantage which is available at five per cent can be claimed at 7.5 per cent. “Last week, we had written a letter to the Ministry of Power for onward submission to RBI to follow the current guidelines.” On classifying loans as non-performing assets (NPAs), REC wants a two-quarter norm be followed. The logic is that when banks charge on a monthly basis, they are allowed two months. Similarly, when NBFCs charge on a quarterly basis, they should be allowed the leeway of two quarters or 180 days. The current NPA norms deem an asset bad when a borrower does not pay for 180 days. The RBI working group had recommended tighter norms for NBFCs to improve regulatory supervision and reduce the difference between these companies and banks, especially in terms of how they classify and recover loans. The working group, headed by former RBI deputy governor Usha Thorat, had released the discussion paper, to be finalised by September-end. While the new asset classification norms may see higher NPAs for some NBFCs, the group wants to allow these companies to recover bad assets by bringing them under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (Sarefaesi) Act of 2002. NBFCs will be given three years to take their Tier-I capital adequacy to 12 per cent.

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The opposite of ‘poor’… Making a difference between being ‘poor’ and being ‘broke’ is well established in the personal finance literature. Lately, however, I have been asking myself some interesting questions. What is the difference between ‘poor’ and ‘broke’ beyond the customary ‘poor is forever, broke is temporary’. I have been asking myself questions about the opposite of ‘poor’ and it seemed to me that it is ‘rich’. But, again, how is this different from wealthy? And why do I feel much more comfortable telling the world that I want to be ‘wealthy’ than that I wish to be ‘rich’? It occurred to me that to answer these questions we could think of the four notions as reflecting two dimensions of our lives: a material dimension and a mentality dimension. The five numbers I insisted everyone should know – income, expenditure , assets, liabilities and net worth - are the measure of the material dimension. The mentality dimension is not only difficult to measure, it is also hard to pinpoint. It is a combination between the beliefs we hold, our morality and our responsibility to ourselves and to humanity at large. Here is a graph of how ‘poor’, ‘rich’, ‘broke’ and ‘wealthy’ fit at the intersection of these two dimensions: ‘Poor’ is a state of negative material positioning and negative mentality. This is why some go as far as claiming that ‘poor’ is forever. What makes the state of being ‘poor’ difficult to change is not the material side of things but the negative mentality which prevents people from looking for opportunities or stops them recognising opportunities when these arise. Yes, being ‘poor’ is exhausting but getting out of this position is possible only if and when one musters the energy to switch their mentality. ‘Rich’, on the other hand, is a position of material plenty but is similar to being ‘poor’ in that the negative mentality is still present. Simply put, ‘rich’ are people who have ‘more than enough’ materially but lack the responsibility and morality to use this to improve the world. In fact, many rich people fall in the trap of ‘having’ – they are likely to trade their Ford for a Lexus and their Lexus for a Ferrari. They may even have several Ferraris in different colours. Giving, support, building communities is rarely in their worldview. ‘Broke’ and ‘wealthy’ are the mirror image of ‘poor’ and ‘rich’ on the positive side of the mentality axis. In difference to being ‘poor’, being ‘broke’ may describe you but it never defines you. People who are ‘broke’ have positive mentality – they look for and create possibilities; they understand that their material position in the world is about the life choices they make. Being ‘wealthy’ similarly is as much about having more than enough materially, as it is about what one does with the ‘more’ part of it. ‘Wealthy’ people make supporting others, contributing to communities and creating a better world their priority. They may have a Ferrari but they know where to draw the line. Being ‘wealthy’, I believe, is an expression of financial health – it demands a fine balance between the ‘material’ and the ‘mental’. In fact, many incredibly ‘wealthy’ people are not very ‘rich’. Where would you place yourself?

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Music therapy helps tackle Parkinson’s Posted 10 February 2013 - 06:24 PM by Rianna Hidalgo on Feb 7, 2013 • 11:03 am No Comments Victor Trivett, 88, plays on his blue kazoo. The instrument is used to help regulate the breathing of people with Parkinsons. Trivett was a ballroom dancer and a disk jockey for over thirty years, which ended when he began to manifest the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease over a year and a half ago. Now, his caretaker, Trudy Milone, 71, comes with him to music and dance therapy classess at the church. Cayla Nimmo // Photo Editor Each Wednesday in St. Matthews Episcopal Church, the buzzing timbre of 30 to 40 kazoos fills the room. Hands clap, feet stomp and voices join together for musical exercises and warm-ups. But this is more than a music lesson. This is music therapy led by University of Miami graduate and adjunct faculty member Linda Lathroum, and the common thread among the participants is the progressive neurological disorder Parkinson’s disease. “It’s a hardship, no two ways about it,” said 74-year-old Eugene Dolfi, whose wife, Eleanore Dolfi, was diagnosed with Parkinson’s about 15 years ago. The two have been attending these music therapy sessions once a week as part of the caregiver meetings and social events with the ParkOptimists, a National Parkinson Foundation support group in Coral Gables that also offers dance, yoga and tai chi. According to Erin Keenan, who conducted research on Parkinson’s while pursuing her master’s in music therapy at UM, music can help with some of the side effects typical of the disease — shuffling gait, tremors, muscle rigidity and speech change. “Music gives the central nervous system so much information,” she said. “There is so much going on in the brain, and rhythm helps organize everything.” The idea is that rhythm, like the beat of a drum or the tick of a metronome, can foster slow, coordinated movement when patients attempt to synchronize their bodies to the sound. “We naturally entrain,” said Lathroum, who has been leading the music therapy sessions for three years. “If you are walking down the street and someone comes by with loud music, you naturally start walking to the beat.” As Lathroum pushed up her glasses and sat down at the piano, caregivers, family members and patients sat in a circle of chairs, waiting expectantly to sing a warm-up. Lathroum incorporated more movement as the session went on, like bicep curls in time to simple songs such as “Daisy Bell (Bicycle Built for Two).” “Music therapy helps us,” said Eleanore Dolfi, who donned a white baseball cap with a red tulip, the universal symbol for Parkinson’s disease. “Otherwise I’d be sitting at home, not moving, and that’s not very good.” Lathroum said the exercises are targeted at specific symptoms. The kazoo is good for breath support. Singing in a wide range can help avoid monotone speech, and warm-ups like “ma, may, me, mo, moo” encourage articulation and facial muscle movement. Both Lathroum and Keenan stressed that this kind of music therapy — and the music therapy program at UM — is neurologic-based, grounded in scientific evidence and research. Beyond the medical benefits, the participants find a community of support and a joyful environment that is invaluable when facing something like Parkinson’s. “It’s like a big family,” Dolfi said. Arlene Lieder, whose husband has Parkinson’s, said she has seen people come in with their heads down and leave with an entirely different disposition. “When you’re singing, you can’t help but feel better,” she said. The music therapy sessions began when the president emeritus of ParkOptimists, Carol Goldman, reached out to UM associate professor of music therapy Shannon de l’Etoile. “I didn’t want to just go in and talk about music therapy,” de l’Etoile said. Instead, she gave them a session. “I think they found themselves moving and responding in ways that they didn’t think they could still do,” she said. “They got really excited about that.” Today, the music therapy sessions are free to participants and funded by Lewis and Esta Ress of North Miami. “It’s hard to see the progression of the disease,” Lathroum said. “I’ve been working with the group for a few years, so there have been a few who passed away or can’t come anymore.” For Lathroum, the rewards outweigh the challenges. “Always at the end of the session I get so much positive feedback,” she said. “It’s hard to explain — they touch your heart.” Kathrynne Holden, MS For a Parkinson Tip of the Day visit: <!-- m -->http://www.nutritionucanlivewith.com/<!-- m --> Posted 10 February 2013 - 08:40 PM Posted 14 February 2013 - 09:02 AM 0 user(s) are reading this topic 0 members, 0 guests, 0 anonymous users

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By Jim Schutze By Rachel Watts By Lauren Drewes Daniels By Anna Merlan By Lee Escobedo By Eric Nicholson Without consulting Stiles, Marquez decided to house Project Excel in a separate building across the street from the school. Stiles says Marquez also ordered him to give Parker unbridled access to every student's records--access other faculty members were denied. By its second year, Excel had 125 students. "It was something they had never done before," Parker says. "At Sunset, the teachers always patted the Hispanic and African-American students on the head and said, 'You poor little things. You're behind. We need to do you a favor.' But the favor is always to stick them in remedial classes. The favor is never to challenge them. "So they gave these kids remedial reading. They denied them textbooks and gave them something called 'hands-on' geography where they studied maps and globes. All dummy courses." Parker, several Sunset teachers say, helped herself to the best students from their classes, in many cases kids who were already taking established honors classes. She did so without the customary authorization from Stiles. With high-achieving students a rare commodity at Sunset, their teachers did not cotton to giving them up. "Just pure pettiness," Parker says of her co-workers' reactions. "Some of those teachers got real ticky. But I got maybe 15 out of the 125 from their classes. These children were at risk for dropping out. Many of their parents didn't speak English. Many of their families had never had a high-school graduate. We saved a lot of kids." Though Stiles and Sunset teachers dispute her characterizations, Parker's personnel reviews on file at DISD show outstanding performance, especially in her teaching methods. Even Stiles acknowledges her ability in the classroom. "If Rose Parker kept to educating students, she could be a very good teacher. But she was so distracted with trying to achieve things for herself that it undermined her relationship with the entire school." At Sunset, Parker rarely attended faculty meetings, a move other teachers perceived as arrogant. Her memos to Stiles and Ortiz were often shrill, whining about the "unforgivable" physical settings and the "framework of total harassment by the faculty and dean at Sunset" in which she had to work. In one memo to Ortiz following a clash over student transfers into Project Excel, Parker wrote, "Hopefully, even if you continue to attempt to derail the only hope these children have of receiving a college prep program, they will be cognizant enough to find the appropriate forum for their problems. After all, they have just studied 14th Amendment guarantees of equal access." The memos usually came after Stiles denied Parker's requests for special programs and extra money for Project Excel. "Right away I would get a call from Richard Marquez, telling me to give her what she wanted," Stiles says. When Parker requested $2,000 for a special arts program for her students, Stiles said no. Later, he says, he learned the money came out of his budget anyway, without his signature but authorized by Marquez. (Parker says she dug up this money herself, from community grants.) From Stiles' perspective, the trouble with Parker's methods was that 134 other teachers at the school had for years been denied more rudimentary items--like classroom space. "I had 37 floating teachers that year, people who had no room to call their own. They were carting piles of books around, sharing space with other teachers. Giving one teacher everything she asks, for what--100 or so students--seemed a little impossible by comparison." Parker's tight relationship with Marquez developed with the help of Mary Ann Climer, a longtime Oak Cliff activist, who introduced them. Although they live in Oak Cliff's upscale Kessler Park neighborhood, well within Sunset's boundaries, Climer's three children attended the Booker T. Washington Magnet High School for the Performing Arts--widely considered one of the district's plum schools. And Climer's children were students of Rose Parker, who taught at the arts magnet from 1984 through August 1992. For years, Climer has sat on various committees of Sunset parents and neighbors. Many teachers there know her, and value her ability to get things done. Climer takes credit--and Stiles applauds her--for greasing the wheels at DISD and getting seven new portable classrooms at Sunset last year. But many faculty members view her as a busybody. "As my daddy in Oklahoma would say, Mary Ann Climer don't have no dog in that fight," says Sunset teacher Johnson. "Yet she's up here demanding and posturing and generally making it worse for people who are already working in a difficult situation." Climer scoffs at such appraisals: "I guess your opinion of me depends on whether I'm reporting you for academic fraud or getting your school new portables. "I live in the neighborhood, and those are my neighbors' kids. You know, I'm sitting here being an advocate for these Sunset parents, many of them don't even speak English, and I get criticized for it. These parents don't know how to work the system." When Parker and Climer met again one year later at Sunset, they wasted no time in adding Leticia Mata to their ranks. Mata is clearly not one of those helpless parents Climer describes. She had learned how to work the system through her work since 1991 in Dallas Area Interfaith, the grass-roots social activism group made up largely of urban, minority churchgoers.

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...just don't have any of the advanced functionality of say Windows 2000 What advanced functions are you referring to? I have both a Windows 2000 and Linux machine running at home. I've found it much easier and much cheaper to implement 'advanced functions' in Linux, rather than with Windows 2000. My roommates and I use the Windows 2000 machine for most all of our generic desktop activities. It doesn't do much more than provide a web browser, provide instant messaging functionality and run games. My Linux machine however is functioning as a firewall, web server and a SSH (remote access) server. I also use it for email, since it's nice having remote access to it. Implementing a firewall would be simple to do in Windows 2000. However, it would require me downloading ad ridden shareware or purchasing bloated software. I prefered taking the time to learn how to do it in Linux. In actuality it didn't take me much time at all, because the functionality is built in and I just downloaded a ready made script to enable it. The web server would also be easy to setup in Windows 2000. I could very easily just enable IIS. But it would be hell to maintain. Just take a look at the news and your read about exploit after exploit plauging IIS. With Apache (the toy web server I assume you were referring to), it was painless to setup (I just had to type the command, "apt-get install apache") and I had a working web server. After tweaking the configuration and installing PHP, I have an easy to maintain, dynamic web platform. It's not used for much now, but it provides me a simple platform to test web applications on and remote access to my computer's at home. The SSH server provides me with remote access to my machine. Using it I can do just about anything from afar that I can do while sitting at the machine. I can access from other Linux machines or from other Windows machine. This functionality is available in Windows, but in order to use it you have to run resource hungry applications on both the client and server computers. Being able to discretely login using a command line based interface is much less resource intensive from both the client/server resource and bandwidth perspectives. Granted, I could spend money buying ready made, possibly easier to use solutions to remedy my requirements. However, being the cash strapped college student I am, I find it much more productive in rewarding to just invest my time in something I was already interested in in the first place. I'm by no means saying Linux is for everyone. Like I said before, I have Windows 2000 on my main machine and my roommates would probably give me hell if I changed that. But Linux can and does work for people. Just because you've had bad experiences doesn't really justify brushing it off altogether. You can't really say that everybody's experience with Microsoft's (or anybody's) software has been or always will be painless. That's just the nature of computing. It's a complex task that takes tons of effort to put in the hands of today's average consumer. I commend the efforts of Microsoft, Linux developers and all computer developers for creating the varied computing environment that we're enjoying (most of the time, when it works right). I admit, this isn't an example of the use of Linux in a production environment. But you can't say that it hasn't been successfully used that way. Just ask the DreamWorks (whether or not you think their products are really worthwhile is another question). You can even take a gander a IBM's site for information on using Linux in a production environment. I could post more links, but I'm sure you all are capable of finding similar information on the web yourselves. - chuckx -

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How to use iMuseum: Video Guide Feb 28, 2013 (M2 PRESSWIRE via COMTEX) -- A new video guide on "How to Use iMuseum" is now available online. Produced for Manx National Heritage by the Isle of Man Department of Education and Children, the "How to" guide provides step by step guidance on using www.imuseum.im. Download now at: http://vimeo.com/60437304 Manx National Heritage Address: Manx National Heritage Office Douglas Isle of Man Post Code: IM1 3LY Telephone: 01624 648000 Fax: 01624 648001 ((M2 Communications disclaims all liability for information provided within M2 PressWIRE. Data supplied by named party/parties. Further information on M2 PressWIRE can be obtained at http://www.presswire.net on the world wide web. Inquiries to firstname.lastname@example.org. [ Back To Technology News's Homepage ]

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For a community dependent on natural resources to flourish it must promote both the immediate goals of better health and economic conditions and the long-term goals of environmental conservation. Bringing about sustainable development can be a fine balancing act. Focusing too much on any single area often comes at the expense of another. It seems a truism to state that a community's population, health and surrounding environment are delicately interwoven. Yet most development organisations still work in silo — individually well-meaning but collectively far from effective. After all, what is the true value in protecting people's health and livelihood if their environment and resources cannot provide for their future? Small-scale attempts at a more integrated approach are beginning to show that by working in harmony, the multiple facets that make up sustainable development can have far more impact. One such test bed can be found in the community of just over 3,000 that inhabit the tiny Philippine island of Cuaming on the outer rim of the Danajon Bank, one of the world's only double barrier coral reefs. The community lies at the heart of a global epicentre of marine biodiversity but life here is a far cry from paradise. The health and wealth of the island's population depend heavily on the surrounding tropical waters that provide food and income. The Danajon Bank's fragile reefs and fish stocks are living on borrowed time, being pushed to breaking point by the pressures of the region's burgeoning population. The Philippines has one of southeast Asia's fastest growing populations, and decades of neglect of women's reproductive rights have taken their toll. Half of all pregnancies across the Philippines are unintended, and population growth in remote islands like Cuaming is generally much higher than elsewhere in the country. "Every year the fish we catch are smaller and fewer," says Rogelio Angco who as Barangay captain is the most senior elected official on the island. "It's harder than ever for us to make a living from fishing." Recent surveys show that just 1% of the 90-mile long Danajon Bank's reefs remains in excellent ecological condition – the vast majority now decimated from years of overfishing. Like many coastal villages in the Philippines, Cuaming is taking pragmatic steps to tackle the pressures of overfishing head on. More than 70 hectares of coral reef and seagrass meadow around the island have been set aside as a sanctuary where fish stocks can replenish. "The sanctuary is a big help – it's like a marine bank, a nesting place for our fisheries, helping us produce more fish," says Angco. Fishermen take turns to keep watch for poachers in the sanctuary day and night, with assistance from the Path Foundation, a Philippine NGO that supports local communities to deal with environmental and social challenges. "Everybody here understands that without constant surveillance, everything that they have worked so hard to conserve could be destroyed in a matter of hours", says Path Foundation marine biologist Jeremy Jansalin. This community's efforts go much further than managing the marine sanctuary. When they are not busy discussing the merits of using night vision binoculars to catch poachers, Jansalin and his colleagues work with women's groups, schools and youth clubs to provide training and support through activities ranging from seaweed farming to family planning. The family planning initiative has been widely welcomed on the island, with reproductive health specialists training networks of peer educators to ensure that all women have access to contraceptives, and help couples understand the connections between family size, food security and income. "Often men are driven to poach in the reserves just to feed their families", explains Ramon Minguito, president of Cuaming's People's Organisation, which represents the island's fishermen. "It's becoming harder and harder to catch enough fish to live on." Jansalin's t-shirt illustrates this dilemma, emblazoned with a cartoon depicting a circle of hands grasping for a single fish — an appropriate message on an island where shortages mean that families regularly go hungry. "Our approach to conservation is working not only to help fish stocks recover, but also to tackle one of the underlying causes of declining catches," explains Jansalin. Since the foundation's work began here, population growth has stabilised. "Our sanctuary wouldn't survive without family planning," says Anita Manalo, president of the Women's Association. "And if the sanctuary doesn't survive, then life will become harder and harder for us, because we are running out of fish." This village is one of many thousands of coastal communities where the issues of conservation, food security and reproductive health are intimately interlinked. Its experience of addressing the convergence of these complex issues is compelling, yet this holistic approach remains alarmingly rare. By moving beyond the conventional segregated programming that often hinders conservation and development projects, Cuaming's progress illustrates the powerful synergies that can be achieved through integration across conservation, livelihoods and public health activities. True integration has the potential to simultaneously address the human, economic and environmental needs of low-income communities on a much larger scale. The challenge individuals and organisations across the development sector is to better understand how our work interacts with those of others. Dr Alasdair Harris is research director of Blue Ventures, a science-led social enterprise that works with local communities to conserve threatened marine ecosystems and coastal livelihoods. He tweets at @aarhh

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A new study in mice sheds light on at least part of the reason for the insulin resistance that can come from diets high in high-fructose corn syrup, a sweetener found in most sodas and many other processed foods. Fructose is much more readily metabolized to fat in the liver than glucose, and in the process can lead to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. NAFLD in turn leads to hepatic insulin resistance and type II diabetes. Researchers showed that mice fed a high-fructose diet could be protected from insulin resistance if a gene known as transcriptional coactivator PPARg coactivator-1b (PGC-1b) was "knocked down" in the animals' liver and fat tissue. PGC-1b controls the activity of several other genes, including one responsible for building fat in the liver. This suggests an important role for PGC-1b in the pathogenesis of fructose-induced insulin resistance. According to the latest statistics, new cases of diabetes have increased by 90 percent in the last 10 years, and diabetes or pre-diabetes now strikes one in four Americans. Those are absolutely astounding statistics to say the least. How Much High Fructose Corn Syrup is in Your Diet? Why High Fructose Corn Syrup IS Worse For You than Sugar How HFCS Contributes to Diabetes How HFCS Contributes to Heart Disease Additional Health Dangers of High Fructose Corn Syrup How You Can Drastically Improve Your Overall Health Related Links: Beware of New Media Brainwashing About High Fructose Corn Syrup

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High standards of care should pay dividends GOOD husbandry should pay extra dividends for North Devon's farmers through the European Union's welfare laws. Members of the European Parliament have recognised the high standard of animal care in countries like Britain and are recommending that farm gate prices reflect it. Their views are in a new report on treatment of farm animals across Europe. NFU vice-president Adam Quinney said: "The European Commission now has a clear mandate to enforce current legislation on animal welfare. NEW IN : for those cold winter nights highland check dog and cat beds in stock, fleecy and washable ideal for those nights snuggling by the fire...... available in 3 colourways Contact: 01271 440626 Valid until: Saturday, January 25 2014 "Take journey times as an example. Some MEPs called for an eight-hour limit on the duration of transport of farmed animals. "But we believe restricting journey times to an arbitrary eight hours has no scientific basis and does not guarantee improvements in animal welfare. "It is the management of a journey that provides the greatest protection for animal welfare, not the length. "A short journey, poorly managed and not adhering to EU laws will threaten the welfare of the animals much more than a well-managed and legal, longer journey. We are glad this was reflected in the vote." The report also calls for new measures to ensure the increased cost of implementing higher animal welfare standards is reflected in the farm gate price. Mr Quinney said: "UK livestock farmers are some of the most welfare conscious in the world and are more than willing to continue working towards higher welfare achievements, but this has to be reflected in the price consumers are willing to pay otherwise our farmers will be simply pushed out of business. "Likewise, there will be no net animal welfare gain if we adopt high standards in Europe only for our producers to be undercut by cheaper, lower welfare imports from elsewhere. "We need animal welfare commitments right along the food chain to make a real difference."

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Definitions containing épernay We've found 1 definition: Marne is a department in north-eastern France named after the river Marne which flows through the department. The prefecture of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne. The subprefectures are Épernay, Reims, Sainte-Menehould, and Vitry-le-François. The Champagne vineyards producing the world-famous sparkling wine are located within Marne.

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THE World Bank (WB) and Tanzania have signed a credit agreement of 310 million US dollars (about 489bn/-) being a 40-year soft loan assistance to be allocated to various projects, including the improvement of the voucher system in the agricultural sector. According to WB Country Director, Mr Philip Gongier, Tanzania will benefit from the assistance in three major sectors including the improvement of the Urban Local Government Strengthening Programme (ULGSP) which will get 255 million US dollars. Other sectors include the Agricultural Sector Development Programme (ASDP) which will get 30 million US dollars, enabling farmers in 132 local government authorities to have better access to use of agricultural knowledge, technologies and marketing systems. 'Additional financing of 25 million US dollars will be injected into initiatives that envisage higher food production and productivity in 20 regions. This will involve improving farmers' access to critical agricultural inputs like seeds and fertilizers," he said. On the ULGSP, he said, the financing will improve the financial and management performance of 18 LGAs for the enhancement of delivery of services to about 2.6 million people, particularly in urban local government authorities. The funding also targets to boost farmers' knowledge and awareness in areas of promotion of agricultural private investment based on an improved regulatory and policy environment. 'ULGSP is the first operation in the bank's Africa region to be delivered under a new financing instrument known as Programme for Results (P for R)," he said. According to the agreement, the funds in that category can also be used to prepare and build municipal infrastructure such as roads, markets, solid waste management and public spaces. On the Accelerated Food Security Project, Mr Gongier said Tanzania can benefit for ensuring timely delivery of seeds and fertilizers to about 300,000 farmers through Tanzania National Agriculture Input Voucher System (NAIVS), that has already distributed more than 15 million vouchers to more than 2.5 million households. The funding to ASDP will target more than 285,000 farmers to access knowledge in agriculture as well as irrigation infrastructure and expecting to add to over 120,822 hectares of irrigated farms that have been already established under the programme so far. Speaking shortly after the signing ceremony, the Minister for Finance and Economic Affairs, Dr William Mgimwa, said the country was grateful to WB regular assistance to the country. He promised that the funds would be spent as intended.

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Port City Is vital chronicle of S.F. waterfront May 27, 2011 The San Francisco Heritage Foundation maintains that Port City (by Michael Corbett; San Francisco Architectural Heritage, 248 pages; $65.00) represents a first in terms of providing a comprehensive story of the Port of San Francisco. And while that may be arguable, it certainly takes readers on a compelling journey. Illustrated with historical photographs, drawings, maps, and new color photographs commissioned especially for the book, Port City details the planning, infrastructure, and engineering of the port. In one of the opening chapters we are reminded that because the port does not control its own tax base, and has no guaranteed revenue, the city has been unable to repair its crumbling infrastructure since it acquired the property from the state in 1969. As the port recovers from California’s deep economic downturn, persistent competition for public funds remains intense and still more daunting. “The tragedy for maritime use at the port is that you can prevail over particular issues hundreds of times but you only get to lose once and then what you fought for is gone forever,” notes one former engineer. LM has noted in recent news updates that this situation may be spreading across the Bay, too. During the nineteenth-century development of the port, little if any attention was paid to appearance of the housing structures, with the notable exception of the Ferry Building. The long waterfront north and south of this iconic temple was a working area made up of railway yards and industrial plants. As Corbett notes, “There was no public interest in improving the appearance of an area that was frequented primarily by port workers.” Obviously, the impressions of ship passengers were not a major concern. The designers and builders of the port facilities had one overriding objective: to build practical structures as cheaply as possible. “In this endeavor, the port had to contend with the frequently changing requirements of shipping and cargo handling and with the short life expectancy of wooden structures in water,” the author observes. “Even if someone had proposed architecturally embellished buildings, it would have been impractical to build them because waterfront structures had to be replaced so often.” Yet wiser minds prevailed. The Ferry Building is still a beacon of light in what was once a lonely piece of industrial real estate populated by the city’s dispossessed and criminal class. Before the Transamerica Building dominated the waterfront, it was the single most recognizable structure around. Now it no longer houses the World Trade Club, or offices of prominent custom brokers and freight forwarders. Even the Port of San Francisco has moved its headquarters a block east of the place. Instead, the building houses passenger ferry companies and ancillary retail boutiques. And just as character determines destiny, the reshaping of this waterfront dictated why San Francisco has become a Disneyfied port suburb. Once—not so long ago—the port really did touch upon the lives of almost everyone here. Today, that’s rarely the case. From an architectural perspective, this book does a good job of showing how factories, warehouses and waterfront offices created a complex network of portside society. One only wishes that they had found a way to remain. For related articles click here. Subscribe to Logistics Management magazine entire logistics operation. Start your FREE subscription today!

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EMPOWER was founded in 1985 by Chantawipa Apisuk; she still runs the head office in Nonthaburi Province. The organisation maintains main offices in Patpong (Bangkok), Chiang Mai, Mae Sai and Patong Beach, Phuket. Unlike most Thai organisations operating in this field, EMPOWER takes a neutral stance towards sex work and does not pressure people to leave the trade. Partly because of this, EMPOWER receives little financial support from the Thai government; the bulk of the donations come from abroad. In 2003 the organisation published a report stating that many anti-trafficking organisations failed to recognize the important difference between migrant sex workers and women forced to prostitute themselves against their will. They documented a May 2003 "raid and rescue" operation on a brothel in Chiang Mai that was carried out without the consent of the workers, resulting in numerous human rights violations. At the International AIDS Conference in Bangkok in 2004, EMPOWER set up a mock go go bar complete with a dancer to highlight efforts to increase condom use among sex workers; this was criticised by then Health Minister Sudarat Keyuraphan. Shortly after the tsunami of December 2004, EMPOWER opened their office in Patong Beach, Phuket and published a report estimating that over 2,000 sex workers had died and lamenting the lack of support for migrant sex workers affected by the flood. In September 2005 they started a radio programme for sex workers in Phuket. In 2006 EMPOWER opened a worker-owned bar in Chiang Mai, named "Can Do". It is intended as a model for exemplary working conditions in the industry. EMPOWER publishes a Thai language newsletter called "Bad Girls" which allows sex workers to express themselves. UNAIDS and UNDP announced at the XVII International AIDS Conference, 2008 in Mexico City that EMPOWER had received one of 25 Red Ribbon Awards. This award, designed to celebrate community leadership and action on AIDS, included a $5,000 stipend, allowing EMPOWER to participate at the conference. Empower United Foundation announces start of second edition of EMPOWER Award competition for young entrepreneurial excellence. Feb 16, 2011; The first prize is once again set at BGN 100 000, while applications can be filed between May 01 - June 30, 2011SOFIA (BUlgaria),...

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ISA Certified Control Systems Technician (CCST) program Certified Control System Technicians (CCSTs) calibrate, document, troubleshoot, and repair/replace instrumentation for systems that measure and control level, temperature, pressure, flow, and other process variables. When a controller that possesses integral action receives an error signal for significant periods of time, the integral term of the controller will increase at a rate governed by the _______(1)_______. This will eventually cause the manipulated variable to reach 100 % (or 0 %) of its scale, i.e., its maximum or minimum limits. This is known as ______(2)_______. The best answer set to fill in the two blanks labeled (1) and (2) above is: A. (1) offset; (2) integral wind-up B. (1) integral time of the controller; (2) integral wind-up C. (1) sample time of the controller; (2) integral start D. (1) integral time of controller; (2) derivative time The correct answer is B, (1) integral time of the controller; (2) integral wind-up. The integral term of the PID control algorithm increases (or decreases) at a rate inversely proportional to the integral time of the controller. Because of the feedback nature of the PID algorithm, as long as an error exists, the controller output will increase or decrease until it reaches a high (100%) or low (0%) limit. This is known as integral (or reset) windup. If a controller is outfitted with an anti-reset windup feature, the output will hold at the high or low limit. If not, the calculated output of the controller can continue to “wind up” or “wind down” beyond those limits. Answer A is incorrect since the offset is not related to the integral action of a controller on error. Answer C is incorrect because sample time and integral start are not directly responsible for the increase or decrease in controller output calculated by the integral action term in the PID equation. Answer D is incorrect because the derivative time is not the result of saturation of the integral term of the controller at a controller limit. Reference: Goettsche, L.D. (Editor), Maintenance of Instruments and Systems, 2nd Edition

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Differences Between Nymphs and Fairies Nymphs vs Fairies Since ancient times, people have long believed in mythical creatures such as nymphs and fairies. These mythical creatures have amazing powers. However, most people get confused on distinguishing a nymph from a fairy, or vice versa. To know the differences and similarities between nymphs and fairies, read this article to find out. Perhaps fairies are more popular than nymphs since whenever people tend to see beautiful, mythical creatures, they regard them as fairies when, in reality, they are nymphs. To differentiate a nymph from a fairy, nymphs are the size of humans. A nymph can also never be a male. The role of nymphs is always taken by very beautiful, adolescent females. Nymphs can be found in natural environments such as the water, the forest, the mountain, and the trees. So if you happen to see a young lady with magical powers in the woods, she may be a nymph protecting that area. On the other hand, fairies are only the size of one’s thumb. But fairies can be either male or female. Usually, they live in flowering plants. Fairies were originally wingless but, as perceived by several people, fairies with wings become more popular than the wingless ones. The word “nymph” comes from the Greek word “nymphe.” Nymphs have five classifications. They are: water nymphs, land nymphs, celestial nymphs, plant nymphs, and underworld nymphs. These nymphs are also different from goddesses. They are considered as divine spirits in association with nature. They are young and beautiful maidens who always love to sing and dance. If you are inside a forest, you may even hear them singing. Among the favorite dwelling places of nymphs are the springs, rivers, valleys, mountains, trees, groves, and grottoes. Nymphs cannot die with old age and illness, but they can die from other causes. If nymphs mate with a god, they can have an immortal offspring. But since nymphs are not fully immortal, their offspring can also die. Though nymphs are different from gods, some gods take the form of nymphs as their retinue. The gods who took the form of nymphs are: Dionysus, Hermes, Pan, etc. On the other hand, fairies are also called the creatures of fey. Like nymphs, fairies are mysterious creatures, and they possess magic. From culture to culture, people differently view the mystery that beholds the fairies. Based on today’s common perception, fairies are like genies. The most popular one would be the tooth fairy. If you place your fallen tooth under your pillow, a tooth fairy will grant your wish. Today, fairies are regarded as benevolent and wise creatures. However, during ancient times, fairies were not regarded as kind, mythical beings. The people of the past thought fairies caused bad luck and were mischievous creatures. Fairies love to play games and are very tricky. In other words, fairies were once viewed as evil in existence. If you get lost in the woods, the fairies might be playing some trick on you. When there were famines, sickness, and missing children, people had blamed it on the fairies. Because of that, people devised materials that could drive the fairies away such as cold iron, rowan, and holy water. Fairies are said to be fallen angels, and they arise from the spirits of the dead, which is why people of the past viewed them as evil. Nymphs are human-sized, mythical beings while fairies are thumb-sized. Nymphs can be found within nature like water, land, and mountains; while fairies can mostly be found in flowering plants. Fairies were once viewed as evil beings because they were the fallen angels or the ones who arose from the spirits of the dead. Search DifferenceBetween.net : Email This Post : If you like this article or our site. Please spread the word. Share it with your friends/family. Leave a Response

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A mysterious white foam-like substance has been blowing from the sea at town of Cleveleys near Blackpool, Lancashire, making driving conditions pretty hazardous. Locals fear that the phenomenon is caused by pollutants, but environmental experts said no traces of polluting detergents were found in the water. “Early samples are not showing any trace of detergent so we think it could be the combination of decomposing algal matter churned with the tide and the westerly wind which is causing the foam. “We know it happens occasionally and can disappear again quite quickly so we will be looking further into what triggers it.” via The Daily What

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1. Local stores are more likely to carry locally sourced goods and products. Studies have shown that small independent local stores are likely to use more local suppliers and have a significant multiplier effect on the 2. Shopping locally reduces my carbon footprint. The transportation of food is one of the biggest contributors to co2. Buying UK produced fruit and veg rather than those apples that have travelled half way around the world to make it to the supermarket shelf can help reduce your food miles. And don't forget that nearly a quarter of all car journeys are less than 2 miles in length. Next time you make a short journey to the local shop, think whether you could walk or cycle instead. 3. It can save both time and money, when you take other factors, such as travel and parking, into account. Out of town shops have done a good job of convincing us all that sole traders are expensive, but the evidence just isn't there to back this up. If you add in travel, parking costs, fees to transport larger items home and your time, the overall cost is often much higher. 4. Shopping locally supports jobs and the community. When you buy local, you'll be helping to shield Essex from the effects of the recession, bringing lasting benefits to our community. Your next purchases can support local businesses - please consider the local options first, whether it's your weekly food shop, a gift, a major purchase or the services of a builder, plumber or hairdresser. 5. Local business owners invest in the community and have a vested interest in the future of our community. Businesses create jobs, employ local people, generate wealth and are the driving force behind any successful economy. 6. Shopping locally promotes a vibrant, healthy, prosperous and diverse local economy. We recognise all of our rural shops and services are important as a focal point within our communities. They not only provide diverse shopping opportunities but also promote civic pride and ensure all our rural communities not only survive but also thrive. Quote Main Marketing and PR Co. 7. Local shops are accessible to all - particularly elderly, vulnerable and young people, or those without transport. Most people can get to their local shops easily and this is especially important for elderly, vulnerable and young people and those without transport. Keeping your shops open by buying locally helps the whole 8. Shopping locally saves services and helps preserve a range of public, private and voluntary services. Private, voluntary and public sector services cluster around shops. The loss of the market town high street often corresponds to a reduction in these services. As shops disappear so do hairdressers, vets, dentist etc. Quote Main Marketing and PR Co. 9. Local shops offer a distinctive shopping experience provided by independent, often innovative, traders who respond to customers needs. Evidence from numerous surveys shows people receive better customer care and service in local shops. Traders survive by their reputation and repeat business - so shopping locally means that you get a higher standard of service. Local traders will know the shoppers personally and will often offer to meet individual requests. 10. Shopping locally enables people to socialise and feel part of the community. People don't like losing shops and services in small towns and villages but don't equate this to how they spend their money. Shops will only survive if customers spend locally - so if you want a vibrant town centre or village, where people can socialise as well as shop, we need to encourage people to shop locally. Quote shop smart shop local.

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Beware! Your computer may be spying on you London: If you are given to gossiping and easing out in office the minute your boss steps out, beware your computer could be keeping an eye on you. Researchers from the University of St. Andrews, Scotland, have developed a new kind of computer monitor which will be able to tell your boss if you are paying attention at work or not. It works by having a camera mounted above the workstation display which can identify the user's eyes to see if they are looking at the computer or not. The technology is an unsettling echo of technologies being introduced in television set-top boxes to peer back at viewers and automatically serve appropriate adverts. The research team, however, contends its innovation is not aimed at keeping an eye on workers, but merely to ensure they don't miss anything new which appears on their screens. The system called "Diff Displays", detects when its user is not looking at a display and replaces the regular screen image with a calm and non-distractive visualisation of the screen's activity instead. It reduces distractions by fading out the parts of the screen that remain static and by subtly visualising changes in the display over time. When the user looks back at a display, the system quickly changes back from the visualisation to the actual screen content via different forms of animation. The technology could be of crucial use in high-pressure environments such as air-traffic control rooms, where workers have several screens to keep tabs on, say researchers.

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On this anniversary of the 9/11/01 attacks on the United States, I want to take this time to remember and ask you to join me in remembering those who lost their lives that fateful day. Some of them lost their lives fighting to protect others and giving of themselves in a most selfless way. Through these attacks, it was made more clear to the majority of US citizens who our greatest foreign enemies were. I am so thankful to those who have also given of themselves in battle, and in any and all efforts to exact retribution and to protect us from further assault. Our enemies only prevail to the degree that it alters our conduct and our lives as a result of their assault. That is why 11 years ago I referenced Ben Franklin’s quote, in summary, "that those who would sacrifice essential liberty for temporary safety are deserving of neither." It is important that as we remember those that sacrificed for us and the revelation of our enemies and that we also work to preserve our liberties while we assure our security. Thank you for all you do for the preservation of our liberty and our constitutional republic.

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Hello, thank you for using this site to help you with your problem. My name is XXXXX XXXXX X have been in the dog field for 25 years. It will be my pleasure to help you today. Please understand that I may send an information request so that I may gather what I need to better help you with your problem. Many times a rash may be present if the razor is hot or the dog shaved too close. If the skin is itchy you can try a dog cortisone ointment. Sometimes dogs that are often groomed and trimmed they develop coat funk where the hair does not grow back for a couple of years in some areas, but if the hair is falling out and the rash growing you will want your vet to do a skin scraping to determine if it is some type of bacteria or fungal growth possibly picked up by the groomers equipment. Ring worm would come to mind as a fungus that would show hair loss. Thank you. IF it is circular you want your vet to check it for ring worm and this is contagious so do not touch the area with your bare hands as it can transfer from dog to human. Here is more information on this http://www.petplace.com/dogs/ringworm-dermatophytosis-in-dogs/page1.aspx# Another possibility that happens with shave downs is coat funk. You can see pictures here

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Get LISNews via email! Enter Your Email Address: It might seem old-fashioned, but her sentiment is echoed by what many in the legal community say: Poring over books makes it easier to collect information than Internet search tools, and provides a hands-on connection to the laws of our country. "That's not possible on a computer," Clayton said. "The law could not exist without its books." Nobody uses the books anymore," Commissioner Shannon Staub said at a recent budget meeting. "It's on the Internet, and forget the law library."

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