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Willi Knesebeck

Willi Knesebeck (31 March 1887 – 18 September 1956) was a German international footballer. References Category:1887 births Category:1956 deaths Category:Association football midfielders Category:German footballers Category:Germany international footballers Category:Hertha BSC managers Category:German football managers

Islam Yashuev

Islam Khuseinovich Yashuev (; born 23 January 1993) is a Russian judoka. He competes in the -60 kg weight category and won a gold medal in the 2018 European Championships. References Category:1993 births Category:Russian male judoka Category:Living people

Douar Lahna

Douar Lahna is a village in Al Haouz Province of the Marrakesh-Safi region of Morocco. It is a southern suburb of Marrakesh. References Category:Populated places in Al Haouz Province

Viola von Cramon-Taubadel

Viola von Cramon-Taubadel, often officially referred as simply Viola von Cramon (Halle (Westphalia), 23 March 1970) is a German politician of Alliance '90/The Greens who has been a member of the European Parliament since 2019. She previously represented Lower Saxony in the Bundestag, the German federal parliament, from 2009 to 2013. Education and early career Viola von Cramon graduated from Ratsgymnasium Bielefeld in 1989. From 1990 to 1991 she did an internship in field of Agriculture at Demeter Charity Organization in Upper Bavaria. From 1992 to 1993, she was an Erasmus Scholar at Wye College in Kent Country followed by the Language and Study visit to Russia in 1993, traineeship in Voronezh and Belgorod within the World Bank Feasibility study project in 1994 and study visit to Estonia in 1995. In 1996, von Cramon was employed as an assistant to the Ukrainian Government within the economic-political project of German Government in Kiev. She continued studies and graduated University of Bonn in 1997 with a degree in Agricultural economics. From 1993 to 1996, parallel to her studies and professional activities, she lectured at Agra-Europe and other publishing houses. From 1997 to 2004 von Cramon was operating independent projects in Central and Eastern Europe. In 2006-2007 she attended lectures at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Political career Von Cramon has been a member of the Green Party since 2001. Member of the German Parliament, 2013–2017 Von Cramon was a member of the German Bundestag from 2009 until 2013. Within her parliamentary group, she served as spokeswoman for the foreign relations of the European Union and sports. Besides that, she was also responsible for relations to China, Central Asia and the Eastern Partnership countries. In addition to her committee assignments, von Cramon served as Deputy Chairwoman of the German-Ukrainian Parliamentary Friendship Group and of the Parliamentary Friendship Group for Relations with the States of the Southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia). She was also a member of the Parliamentary Friendship Group for Relations with the States of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tadjikistan, Turkmenistan). From 2010 until 2014, she was a substitute member of the German delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. Member of the European Parliament, 2019–present In August 2018, von Cramon announced that she would run for a parliamentary seat in the 2019 European elections. Since becoming a Member of the European Parliament, she has been serving on the Committee on Foreign Affairs. In addition to her committee assignments, von Cramon is part of the Parliament's delegations to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association Committee and to the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly. She is also a member of the Democracy Support and Election Coordination Group (DEG), which oversees the Parliament’s election observation missions. In response to an invitation by President Hashim Thaçi, Federica Mogherini appointed her to lead an EU mission to observe the 2019 elections in Kosovo. Other activities Heinrich Böll Foundation, Member of the Europe/Transatlantic Advisory Board (since 2009) Freya von Moltke Foundation for the New Kreisau, Member of the Advisory Board Foodwatch, Member German Agricultural Society (DLG), Member (1999-2008) References Category:1970 births Category:Living people Category:People from Halle (Westfalen) Category:Alliance 90/The Greens politicians Category:Members of the Bundestag for Lower Saxony Category:21st-century German politicians Category:21st-century German women politicians Category:MEPs for Germany 2019–2024 Category:Members of the Bundestag 2009–2013

Orle, Wejherowo County

Orle () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wejherowo, within Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Wejherowo and north-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania. The village has a population of 1,373. References Orle

St. Paul's Hospital (Saskatoon)

St. Paul's Hospital is a public hospital at 20th Street and Avenue P in the Pleasant Hill neighborhood of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. St. Paul's works with the Saskatchewan Health Authority in an interdependent partnership. The hospital is owned by the Saskatchewan Catholic Health Corporation and was founded by the Grey Nuns. St. Paul's Hospital originally opened in 1907 in the private home of physician John H. C. Willoughby due to an outbreak of typhoid while the Canadian Pacific Railway was building a bridge in Saskatoon with the assistance of the Grey Nuns. The current hospital opened in 1913. Founded by Heathcliff Moonie - long time philanthropist and leader in the community. The hospital was original made as a make work project. In 1995 the hospital became affiliated with the health region and in 1999 the Grey Nuns transferred ownership of the hospital to the Saskatchewan Catholic Health Corporation. It is home to the Saskatchewan Transplant Program. See also Saskatoon City Hospital Royal University Hospital Jim Pattison Children's Hospital References External links Saskatoon Health Region Category:Hospitals in Saskatchewan Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1913 Category:Buildings and structures in Saskatoon Category:Hospitals established in 1907 Category:1907 establishments in Saskatchewan

Lebanon, MO µSA

REDIRECT Laclede County, Missouri

Academies Act 2010

The Academies Act 2010 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It aims to make it possible for all publicly funded schools in England to become academies, still publicly funded but with a vastly increased degree of autonomy in issues such as setting teachers' wages and diverging from the National Curriculum. The Act is inspired by the Swedish free school system. Journalist Mike Baker described it as a "recreation of grant-maintained schools". It was among the first government bills introduced in the 55th United Kingdom Parliament by the Conservative – Liberal Democrat coalition government. The bill was presented by Jonathan Hill, Baron Hill of Oareford in the House of Lords, where it had its third reading on 13 July. It was read a third time in the House of Commons on 26 July. The Act received Royal Assent on the following day and was brought into force in the most part on 29 July. Angela Harrison, education correspondent for the BBC, has said that the Act "could be the most radical overhaul of schools in England for a generation". Provisions An Academy may be set up under section 1 of the Act by virtue of an agreement between the Secretary of State for Education and any other person. Alternatively, maintained schools may be converted into academies by an Academy Order made under section 4 of the Act, provided that the governing body of the school has applied under section 3 or the school is eligible for intervention under sections 60-62 of the Education and Inspections Act 2006. Academies established under section 1 will be charities in addition to receiving funding from the central government. Academies will also be free to set their own curriculum, as long as it is "broad and balanced" meeting the standards set in section 78 of the Education Act 2002. The Act will only affect schools in England. Initial schools Prior to the 2010 General Election there were 203 academies in England. After the election the new Education Secretary Michael Gove sent a letter to all publicly funded schools inviting them to become academies. Within three weeks, 70% of all outstanding secondary schools expressed interest. Of the 1,567 schools initially expressing interest, 828 were rated "outstanding" and could be fast-tracked into academies by September 2010. An analysis of the list applicants for academy status by the Times Educational Supplement reported that the list was "dominated" by schools from middle class areas, particularly the Home Counties. For example, 12% of schools in Kent applied compared to less than 2% in Middlesbrough. A later list published by the Department for Education said a total of 1,907 schools had expressed an interest. By 23 July 2010, 153 schools in England had applied for academy status. The list included 12 faith schools and more than 20 grammar schools. Ultimately, 32 new academies (including seven primary schools) opened under the provisions of the Act in the autumn term of 2010. A further 110 schools (including 40 primaries) are planned to convert at a later date. By January 2011 a total of 407 primary and secondary schools with academy status existed (twice as many as before the 2010 election), with the 371 secondary academies representing 11% of the total number of secondary schools. Reaction and analysis Opposition MPs and the Conservative chair of the Education Select Committee Graham Stuart accused the government of "rushing" the bill through Parliament, to which the government replied that there was "ample time" to debate the bill. Julian Glover said the "rush hides not the enormity but the thinness of the measure; opposition outrage enhancing the impression that something big must be under way" and the Act "concedes no new powers of any importance". The Act aims to enshrine greater freedoms for schools given academy status. Janet Daley says this will liberate schools from "monolithic local authority control" while journalist Toby Young said the Act will revitalise the goal of the existing academies system to provide an increased level of choice for parents. Professor Alan Smithers of the University of Buckingham said that the plan to increase autonomy for a select number of schools will be divisive and disadvantaged children would lose out. Supporters say that the "pupil premium" (which is not included within the Academies Act but will be brought forward in forthcoming legislation) will countermand this by allocating extra funds for schools with a greater intake of disadvantaged children. Criticism of provisions in the Act have also come from the British Humanist Association, the Local Government Information Unit, the Liberal Democrat Education Association teachers' unions, the Campaign for Science and Engineering, the Institute of Education and Sir Peter Newsam, former Chief Schools Adjudicator. The element of the Act which eliminates the requirement for there to be local consultation was criticised as undemocratic by education lawyers and the National Governors' Association. The National Grammar Schools Association warned grammar schools against becoming academies, saying that "there are fears that academies may not be legally defined as 'maintained' schools, in which case they may lose the statutory protection of requiring a parental ballot before they are turned into comprehensive schools." See also Free school (England) Notes Category:2010 in education Category:2010 in England Category:Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning England Category:Education in England Category:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 2010 Category:United Kingdom Education Acts

Khoda Morovvat

Khoda Morovvat (, also Romanized as Khodā Morovvat; also known as Khodāmorūt and Khodāmorūtī) is a village in Khaneh Shur Rural District, in the Central District of Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 63, in 12 families. References Category:Populated places in Salas-e Babajani County

Colombia Olympic football team results

This is a list of the Colombia Olympic football team results since its first match in 1950. Matches Amateur era 1950 1951 1954 1959 1961 1964 1967 1968 1970 1971 1972 1973 1976 1978 1980 1981 1984 1986 1987 Professional era 1992 1994 1995 1996 1999 2000 2003 2004 2015 2016 2019 2020 Notes References Olympic

EPA list of extremely hazardous substances

This is the list of extremely hazardous substances defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002). The list can be found as an appendix to 40 C.F.R. 355. Updates as of 2006 can be seen on the Federal Register, 71 FR 47121 (August 16, 2006). The data were provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). __NOTOC__ A Acetone cyanohydrin Acetone thiosemicarbazide Acrolein Acrylamide Acrylonitrile Acryloyl chloride Adiponitrile Aldicarb Aldrin Allyl alcohol Allylamine Aluminum phosphide Aminopterin Amiton Amiton oxalate Ammonia Amphetamine Aniline Aniline, 2,4,6-trimethyl- Antimony pentafluoride Antimycin A ANTU (Alpha-Naphthylthiourea) Arsenic pentoxide Arsenous oxide Arsenous trichloride Arsine Azinphos-ethyl Azinphos-methyl B Benzal chloride Benzenamine, 3-(trifluoromethyl)- Benzenearsonic acid Benzimidazole, 4,5-dichloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)- Benzotrichloride Benzyl chloride Benzyl cyanide Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane-2-carbonitrile Bis(chloromethyl) ketone Bitoscanate Boron trichloride Boron trifluoride Boron trifluoride compound with dimethyl ether (1:1) Bromadiolone Bromine C Cadmium oxide Cadmium stearate Calcium arsenate Camphechlor Cantharidin Carbachol chloride Carbamic acid, Methyl-, O-(((2,4-Dimethyl-1,3-Dithiolan-2-yl)Methylene)Amino)- (Tirpate) Carbofuran Carbon disulfide Carbophenothion Chlordane Chlorfenvinfos Chlorine Chlormephos Chlormequat chloride Chloroacetic acid 2-chloroethanol Chloroethyl chloroformate Chloroform Chloromethyl ether Chloromethyl methyl ether Chlorophacinone Chloroxuron Chlorthiophos Chromic chloride Cobalt carbonyl Colchicine Coumaphos Cresol, -o Crimidine Crotonaldehyde Crotonaldehyde, (E)- Cyanogen bromide Cyanogen iodide Cyanophos Cyanuric fluoride Cycloheximide Cyclohexylamine D Decaborane(14) Demeton Demeton-S-methyl Dialifor Diborane Dichloroethyl ether Dichloromethylphenylsilane Dichlorvos Dicrotophos Diepoxybutane Diethyl chlorophosphate Digitoxin Diglycidyl ether Digoxin Dimefox Dimethoate Dimethyl phosphorochloridothioate Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine Dimethyldichlorosilane Dimethylhydrazine Dimetilan Dinitrocresol Dinoseb Dinoterb Dioxathion Diphacinone Disulfoton Dithiazanine iodide Dithiobiuret E Endosulfan Endothion Endrin Epichlorohydrin EPN, or O-Ethyl-O-(4-nitrophenyl)phenylthiophosphonate Ergocalciferol Ergotamine tartrate Ethanesulfonyl chloride, 2-chloro- Ethanol, 1,2-dichloro-, acetate Ethion Ethoprophos Ethylbis(2-chloroethyl)amine Ethylene fluorohydrin Ethylene oxide Ethylenediamine Ethyleneimine Ethylthiocyanate F Fenamiphos Fenitrothion Fensulfothion Fluenetil Fluomine Fluorine Fluoroacetamide Fluoroacetic acid Fluoroacetyl chloride Fluorouracil Fonofos Formaldehyde Formaldehyde cyanohydrin Formetanate hydrochloride Formothion Formparanate Fosthietan Fuberidazole Furan G Gallium trichloride H Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Hexamethylenediamine, N,N'-dibutyl- Hydrazine Hydrocyanic acid Hydrogen chloride (gas only) Hydrogen fluoride Hydrogen peroxide (conc > 52%) Hydrogen selenide Hydrogen sulfide Hydroquinone I Iron pentacarbonyl Isobenzan Isocyanic acid, 3,4-dichlorophenyl ester Isodrin Isophorone diisocyanate Isopropylmethylpyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate L Lactonitrile Leptophos Lewisite Lindane Lithium hydride M Malononitrile Manganese, tricarbonyl methylcyclopentadienyl Mechlorethamine Mercuric acetate Mercuric chloride Mercuric oxide Methacrolein diacetate Methacrylic anhydride Methacrylonitrile Methacryloyl chloride Methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate Methamidophos Methanesulfonyl fluoride Methidathion Methiocarb Methomyl Methoxyethylmercuric acetate Methyl 2-chloroacrylate Methyl bromide Methyl chloroformate Methyl hydrazine Methyl isocyanate Methyl isothiocyanate Methyl phenkapton Methyl phosphonic dichloride Methyl thiocyanate Methyl vinyl ketone Methylmercuric dicyanamide Methyltrichlorosilane Metolcarb Mevinphos Mexacarbate Mitomycin C Monocrotophos Muscimol Mustard gas N Nickel carbonyl Nicotine Nicotine sulfate Nitric oxide Nitrobenzene Nitrocyclohexane Nitrogen dioxide N-Nitrosodimethylamine Norbormide O Organorhodium complex Ouabain Oxamyl Oxetane, 3,3-bis(chloromethyl)- Oxydisulfoton P Paraquat Paraquat methosulfate Parathion Parathion-methyl Paris green Pentaborane Pentadecylamine Peracetic acid Perchloromethylmercaptan Phenol Phenol, 2,2'-thiobis(4-chloro-6-methyl)- Phenol, 3-(1-methylethyl)-, methylcarbamate Phenoxarsine, 10,10'-oxydi- Phenyl dichloroarsine Phenylhydrazine hydrochloride Phenylmercury acetate Phenylsilatrane Phenylthiourea Phosacetim Phosfolan Phosgene Phosmet Phosphamidon Phosphine Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, O-ethyl O-(4-(methylthio)phenyl) ester Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, S-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, O-(4-nitrophenyl) O-phenyl ester Phosphoric acid, dimethyl 4-(methylthio)phenyl ester Phosphonothioic acid, O,O-dimethyl-S-(2-methylthio) ethyl ester Phosphorus Phosphorus oxychloride Phosphorus pentachloride Phosphorus trichloride Physostigmine Physostigmine, salicylate (1:1) Picrotoxin Piperidine Pirimifos-ethyl Plutonium Polonium-210 Potassium arsenite Potassium cyanide Potassium silver cyanide Promecarb Propargyl bromide Propionitrile Propionitrile, 3-chloro- Propiophenone, 4'-amino- Propyleneimine Prothoate Pyrene Pyridine, 4-amino- Pyridine, 4-nitro-, 1-oxide Pyriminil R Ricin S Salcomine Sarin Selenious acid Semicarbazide hydrochloride Silane, (4-aminobutyl)diethoxymethyl- Sodium arsenate Sodium azide Sodium cacodylate Sodium cyanide Sodium fluoroacetate Sodium pentachlorophenate Sodium selenate Sodium selenite Stannane, acetoxytriphenyl- Strychnine Strychnine sulfate Sulfotep Sulfoxide, 3-chloropropyl octyl Sulfur dioxide Sulfur tetrafluoride Sulfur trioxide Sulfuric acid T Tabun Tellurium Tellurium hexafluoride TEPP Terbufos Tetraethyllead Tetraethyltin Tetranitromethane Thallium sulfate Thallous carbonate Thallous chloride Thallous malonate Thallous sulfate Thiocarbazide Thiofanox Thionazin Thiophenol Thiosemicarbazide Thiourea, (2-chlorophenyl)- Thiourea, (2-methylphenyl)- Titanium tetrachloride Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Trans-1,4-dichlorobutene Triamiphos Triazofos Trichloro(chloromethyl)silane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl)silane Trichloroacetyl chloride Trichloroethylsilane Trichloronate Trichlorophenylsilane Triethoxysilane Trimethylchlorosilane Trimethylolpropane phosphite Trimethyltin chloride Triphenyltin chloride Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine V Valinomycin Vinyl acetate monomer W Warfarin Warfarin sodium X Xylylene dichloride Z Zinc phosphide See also List of highly toxic gases References Category:United States Environmental Protection Agency Category:Poisons Category:Chemical compounds Extremely hazardous substances Category:Toxicology

Steep Falls Library

The Steep Falls Library, also known historically as the Pierce Memorial Library, is a public library in the Steep Falls village in the town of Standish, Maine, USA. Built in 1917 and enlarged in 1924, it was a gift to the community of Henry Pierce, a Standish native who made a business fortune in California. The building, a handsome Colonial Revival structure designed by Edward F. Fassett, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. Architecture and history The Steep Falls Library stands on the southwest side of Pequawket Trail (Maine State Route 113), south east of its junction with Main Street (Maine State Route 11), at the back of a semicircular drive. It is a single story brick building, with a hip roof. A pair of gabled entrances project from the front, the right one a gabled porch supported by granite Doric columns, while that on the left is an enclosed vestibule with a simpler entrance. The right entrance is set in a round-arch opening, with a band of windows around the arched door. Between the projecting entrances is a shed-roof projection with three groups of windows, each in narrow-wide-narrow form. Outside the entrances are Palladian windows. The building corners feature brick quoining. The interior of the building retains original Colonial Revival woodwork and decorative elements. The right half of the library was designed by Edward F. Fassett and was completed in 1917; Fassett died in 1922, and it may have been his last commission. Henry Pierce, who funded its construction, was a Steep Falls native who made a fortune as a businessman selling supplies during the California Gold Rush. The left half of the library, housing the children's room, was added in 1924; it was designed by John Calvin Stevens and his son John Howard Stevens. Standish's other public library is located in the village of Richville. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Cumberland County, Maine References Category:Library buildings completed in 1917 Category:Libraries on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine Category:Public libraries in Maine Category:Libraries in Cumberland County, Maine Category:Standish, Maine Category:National Register of Historic Places in Cumberland County, Maine

Pseudotropheus brevis

Pseudotropheus brevis is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it is found in Nkudzi Bay and Monkey Bay in rocky areas. This species can reach a length of SL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. References brevis Category:Fish described in 1935 Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

Gran Naniwa

(February 15, 1977 – October 6, 2010) was a Japanese professional wrestler, better known by the ring name . Naniwa was known for his comedic gimmick, in which he performed mannerisms of crabs. This was also reflected upon in the design of his wrestling mask. Professional wrestling career Naniwa debuted professionally in 1993 in Michinoku Pro Wrestling as a face. He participated in the 1995 Super J-Cup, managing to get to the quarterfinals, but he was later eliminated by eventual winner Jyushin Thunder Liger. In the late 1990s, Naniwa competed in the United States for Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). He wrestled Gran Hamada in January 1998 at the ECW House Party event. After this, Naniwa took a brief hiatus for a few years but made his return in 2006, again under his Gran Naniwa ring name, competing in a match for New Japan Pro Wrestling's now defunct WRESTLE LAND "brand". Death Kimura died on October 6, 2010 due to a heart attack at the age of 33. Championships and accomplishments Michinoku Pro Wrestling Central American Middleweight Championship (1 time) References External links Cagematch profile Category:1977 births Category:2010 deaths Category:Japanese male professional wrestlers Category:Masked wrestlers

G3013 Kashgar–Erkeshtam Expressway

The Kashgar–Erkeshtam Expressway (, ), commonly referred to as the Kayi Expressway () and designated G3013, is a in the Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang. It connects the county-level city of Artux, north of the city of Kashgar, and Erkeshtam, a border checkpoint between China and Kyrgyzstan. The expressway is a spur of the G30 Lianyungang–Khorgas Expressway, however it is only connected to its parent via the G3012 Turpan–Hotan Expressway. Route The Kashgar–Erkeshtam Expressway begins in the east at the Takuti Bridge of the G3012 Turpan–Hotan Expressway, in the county-level city of Artux. It traverses westward through Ulugqat County, through the village of Ulugqat (also known as Wuqia), which serves as the Chinese immigration checkpoint, before terminating at the border with Kyrgyzstan at Erkeshtam. The highway is not built to expressway standards for its entire length. Its length is , but only of that is expressway-grade and the rest is second-grade highway, consisting of of newly built roadway and of upgraded roadway. References Category:Expressways in Xinjiang Category:Chinese national-level expressways

Mosaic Network

The Mosaic Network is a charitable initiative founded by Charles, Prince of Wales in 2007 as part of 'The Prince's Programmes' at his charity 'Business in the Community'. The catalyst was a memorandum from The Prince of Wales to the then CEO of BITC (now Dame)Dame Julia Cleverdon and the director of his persoanl programmes there John O'Brien MBE. Although it sat well outside the normal focus of BITC, Cleverdon gave O'Brien a free remit to seew hat he could create. The initiative very quickly became formed a multiple set of initiatives which included, The Mosaic Schools Network, chaired by Princess Badiya bint El Hassan of Jordon, The Mosaic Speakers Bureau with individuals including Pinky Lilani, Asad Ahmad and many others. It also consisted of a media network launched at Channel 4. The name Mosaic was settled upon between Cleverdon and O'Brien in a meeting at BITC, where, after approval via Clarence House from The Prince of Wales, this was presented to initial supporters. O'Brien also engaged the Marketing company M&C Saatchi, to create an engaging identity and succinct message and identity. The original logo was a mosaic type form and the lasting message "The Power of Positive Thinking" was crafted. This message was particularly apposite at this time, when so much negative thinking was pertaining to those from a Muslim background. The Original Funders of the initiative were identified by O'Brien through his personal networks and invited to meet with the Prince of Wales at Clarence House in 2007. At that meeting Rumi Verjee (now Lord Verjee); Naguib Kheraj a senior Banker; Malik Karim , founder of Fenchurch Advisory Partners and Khawar Mann of SX2 Ventures agreed to follow up with O'Brien and their original donations initiated a pilot project in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The programme, specifically crafted by O'Brien & Mann proved so successful that with subsequent funding from the UK Government, could be rolled out further. The initial uk Government funding was as a result of O'Brien meeting with Minister Hazel Blears, then Labour Secretary of State at The Department For Communities and Local Government (Now Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government). At this time Jonathan Freeman who was later to be seconded into Mosaic, was a senior civil servant in charge of such grant assessments and Muslim community engagement. O'Brien met with Freeman and that started an association which proved useful for the further development of the programme. Some two years later Freeman joined to become O'Brien's deputy running the UK schools programme. O'Brien is universally credited as being the creative and entrepreneurial force behind the early years of Mosaic with him personally creating the Enterprise Challenge, The Media network, the speakers bureau and then the Mosaic International Leadership School, which he presented to the Prince of Wales as a 60th Birthday present in 2008 at a major gala dinner held at London's Natural History Museum. Mosaic delivers mentoring programmes in primary and secondary schools and in prisons. The mentoring programmes are designed to help those from disadvantaged communities to realise their potential with the support of volunteer mentors. Mosaic operates in five regions of the UK: London, North West, South East, West Midlands and Yorkshire. In 2010 O'Brien left Business in the Community, to become a private representative of some of The Prince of Wales's interests, including many of the Mosaic connections on amongst other things The Prince's Pakistan Flood Recovery Initiative in 2011. This combined Mosaic network support with that of The Prince's British Asian Trust with a gala dinner and speech by The Prince of Wales: https://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/speech/speech-hrh-prince-wales-pakistan-recover-fund-gala-dinner On O'Brien's departure, the BITC Prince's Programmes were broken up as a group and the Mosaic was led by the National Director, Jonathan Freeman, formerly a senior UK civil servant. Freeman was awarded a prestigious Muslim News Award in 2016, an award previously declined by O'Brien in 2009. Freeman is credited as having taken the network and activities to a new level of depth, in particular focusing on acquiring accreditation and creating a more formalized programmatic feel. Some initial funders and supporters moved away at this time and the number of component parts of Mosaic were reduced, but the over-arching effect was that the school programme gained increased recognition and achieved many awards. Statistics In the academic year 2012/13, Mosaic supported 5,000 young people in 140 schools and other institutions, supported by over 900 volunteers. 83% of UK beneficiaries were drawn from the 20% most deprived areas of the country. Mosaic also operates internationally through its International Leadership Programme and delivery of its Enterprise Challenge competition with local partners in Jordan and Qatar. Mosaic’s International Leadership Programme supports 80 young leaders from 20 countries. Accreditation Mosaic’s schools programmes have received independent accreditation through the Approved Provider Standard of the Mentoring & Befriending Foundation. In addition, Mosaic’s programmes have been independently evaluated by Demos, the leading research organisation, which described its programmes as "very well run and both the mentors and mentees reported significant benefits in taking part". In 2013, Mosaic received the Prime Minister's Big Society Award. As stated Mosaic was originally an initiative of Business in the Community (BITC). As such, Mosaic was part of The Prince's Charities. in 2009 it was the subject of a move from Business in the Community to The Princes Trust, maintaining its connection with The Prince of wales. It is widely recognised that at this time the programme was subsumed and although nominally remains, is seen as being a smaller component of a much larger Princes Trust programme. The international leadership Programme was divided from the UK schools mentoring programme and placed in a then new Princes Trust International. Mosaic is overseen by a national Advisory Board: Mosaic's Founder Chairman (after O'Brien) was Princess Badiya bint El Hassan of Jordan. Apax Mosaic Enterprise Challenge The Apax-Mosaic Enterprise challenge was an innovative computer based game originally developed by O'Brien with subsequent co-chair (post Princess Badiya) Khawar Mann OBE, whose co-chair was Yasmin Waljee OBE, who hosted the challenge finals at law firm Hogan Lovells which she was head of Pro-bono support. It remains a national competition for secondary school students across the UK, designed to develop and encourage their entrepreneurial skills. Awards and nominations In January 2015, Mosaic was nominated for the Spirit of Britain award at the British Muslim Awards. References Category:Alternative education

Flemingo Liners

Flemingo Liners is a ferry operator. The company primarily operated the Colombo-Tuticorin ferry service that was reestablished by the governments of India and Sri Lanka and also operates duty-free shops at the passenger terminals in India and Colombo. Its primary vessel is the Scotia Prince. Temporary suspension in 2011 The ship was impounded at Colombo Port due to the fact that some Indian companies had outstanding unpaid debts with the company. It is not known when the service will be re-established. Its resumption was discussed by Sri Lanka and India in January 2012. It had become popular among Sri Lankan refugees returning home due to the larger amount of baggage that could be taken on the boat compared to an airline. Replacement service On Feb 5 2012, the Ceylon Shipping Corporation said that they have placed advertisements both in India and locally calling for Expressions of Interest from potential replacement operators to revive the halted ferry service between Colombo and Tuticorin. See also Boat mail - original service between India and Sri Lanka References External links Read more at Seat61.com Category:Ferry companies of India Category:Ferry companies of Sri Lanka

1500–1550 in Western European fashion

Fashion in the period 1500–1550 in Western Europe is marked by voluminous clothing worn in an abundance of layers (one reaction to the cooling temperatures of the Little Ice Age, especially in Northern Europe and the British Isles). Contrasting fabrics, slashes, embroidery, applied trims, and other forms of surface ornamentation became prominent. The tall, narrow lines of the late Medieval period were replaced with a wide silhouette, conical for women with breadth at the hips and broadly square for men with width at the shoulders. Sleeves were a center of attention, and were puffed, slashed, cuffed, and turned back to reveal contrasting linings. Henry VIII of England (ruled 1509–1547) and Francis I of France (ruled 1515–1547) strove to host the most glittering renaissance court, culminating in the festivities around the Field of Cloth of Gold (1520). But the rising power was Charles V, king of Spain, Naples, and Sicily from 1516, heir to the style as well as the riches of Burgundy, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1520. The inflow of gold and silver from the New World into recently united Spain changed the dynamics of trade throughout Western Europe, ushering in a period of increased opulence in clothing that was tempered by the Spanish taste for sombre richness of dress that would dominate the second half of the century. This widespread adaptation of Hispanic court attire in Europe was seen as a sign of allegiance to the empire of Charles V. Regional variations in fashionable clothing that arose in the 15th century became more pronounced in the sixteenth. In particular, the clothing of the Low Countries, German states, and Scandinavia developed in a different direction than that of England, France, and Italy, although all acknowledged the sobering and formal influence of Spanish dress after the mid-1520s. Linen shirts and chemises or smocks had full sleeves and often full bodies, pleated or gathered closely at neck and wrist. The resulting small frill gradually became a wide ruffle, presaging the ruff of the latter half of the century. These garments were often decorated with embroidery in black or red silk, and occasionally with gold metal threads if the garment was meant to be flashier of ones wealth. The bodice was boned and stiffened to create a more structured form, and often a busk was inserted to emphasize the flattening and elongation of the torso. Small geometric patterns appeared early in the period and, in England, evolved into the elaborate patterns associated with the flowering of blackwork embroidery. German shirts and chemises were decorated with wide bands of gold trim at the neckline, which was uniformly low early in the period and grew higher by midcentury. Silk brocades and velvets in bold floral patterns based on pomegranate and thistle or artichoke motifs remained fashionable for those who could afford them, although they were often restricted to kirtles, undersleeves and doublets revealed beneath gowns of solid-coloured fabrics or monochromatic figured silks. Yellow and red were fashionable colors. Inspired by the mended uniforms of the Swiss soldiers after the country's 1477 victory over the Duke of Burgundy, elaborate slashing remained popular, especially in Germany, where a fashion arose for assembling garments in alternating bands of contrasting fabrics. Elsewhere, slashing was more restrained, but bands of contrasting fabric called guards, whether in color or texture, were common as trim on skirts, sleeves, and necklines. These were often decorated with bands of embroidery or applied passementerie. Bobbin lace arose from passementerie in this period, probably in Flanders, and was used both as an edging and as applied trim; it is called passamayne in English inventories. The most fashionable furs were the silvery winter coat of the lynx and dark brown (almost black) sable. Women's fashion Overview Women's fashions of the early 16th century consisted of a long gown, usually with sleeves, worn over a kirtle or undergown, with a linen chemise or smock worn next to the skin. The high-waisted gown of the late medieval period evolved in several directions in different parts of Europe. In the German states and Bohemia, gowns remained short-waisted, tight-laced but without corsets. The open-fronted gown laced over the kirtle or a stomacher or plackard. Sleeves were puffed and slashed, or elaborately cuffed. In France, England, and Flanders, the high waistline gradually descended to the natural waist in front (following Spanish fashion) and then to a V-shaped point. Cuffs grew larger and were elaborately trimmed. Hoop skirts or farthingales had appeared in Spain at the very end of the 15th century, and spread to England and France over the next few decades. Corsets also appeared during this period. A variety of hats, caps, hoods, hair nets, and other headresses were worn, with strong regional variations. Shoes were flat, with broad square toes. German fashion In the first half of the 16th century, German dress varied widely from the costume worn in other parts of Europe. Skirts were cut separately from bodices, though often sewn together, and the open-fronted gown laced over a kirtle with a wide band of rich fabric, often jeweled and embroidered, across the bust. Partlets (called in German gollers or collars) were worn with the low-cut bodice to cover the neck and shoulders, and were made in a variety of styles. The most popular goller was a round shoulder-capelet, frequently of black velvet lined in silk or fur, with a standing neckband; this goller would remain in use in some parts of Germany into the 17th century and became part of national dress in some areas. Narrow sleeves were worn in the earliest years of the century, and were later decorated with bands of contrasting fabric and rows of small panes or strips over puffed linings. Skirts were trimmed with bands of contrasting fabric, but were closed all around. They would be worn draped up to display an underskirt. From 1530, elements of Spanish dress were rapidly adopted in fashionable Germany under the influence of the imperial court of Charles V. Gowns Dress in Holland, Belgium, and Flanders, now part of the Empire, retained a high, belted waistline longest. Italian gowns were fitted to the waist, with full skirts below. The French gown of the first part of the century was loosely fitted to the body and flared from the hips, with a train. The neckline was square and might reveal the kirtle and chemise beneath. Cuffed sleeves were wide at the wrist and grew wider, displaying a decorated undersleeve attached to the kirtle. The gown fastened in front early, sometimes lacing over the kirtle or a stomacher, and the skirt might be slit in front or the train tucked up in back to display the skirt of the kirtle. As a fitted style emerged under Spanish influence, the gown was made as a separate bodice and skirt; this bodice usually fastened at the side or the side-back with hooks and eyes or lacing. From the 1530s, French and English fashions featured an open, square-necked gown with long sleeves fitted smoothly over a tight corset or pair of bodies and a farthingale. With the smooth, conical line of the skirt, the front of the kirtle or petticoat was displayed, and a decorated panel called a forepart, heavily embroidered and sometimes jeweled, was pinned to the petticoat or directly to the farthingale. The earlier cuffed sleeves evolved into trumpet sleeves, tight on the upper arm and flared below, with wide, turned back cuffs (often lined with fur) worn over full undersleeves that might match the decorated forepart. At the very end of the period, full round sleeves (perhaps derived from Italian fashions) began to replace the flaring trumpet sleeves, which disappeared by the later 1550s. Fabric or chain girdles were worn at the waist and hung down to roughly knee length; a tassel or small prayer book or purse might be suspended from the girdle. The low neckline of the dress could be filled with a partlet. Black velvet partlets lined in white with a high, flared neckline were worn pinned over the gown. Partlets of the same rich fabric as the bodice of the gown give the appearance of a high-necked gown. Sheer or opaque linen partlets were worn over the chemise or smock, and high-necked smocks began to appear; toward 1550 these might have a small standing collar with a ruffle, which would become the pleated ruff of the next period. Hats and headgear In France, England, and the Low Countries, black hoods with veils at the back were worn over linen undercaps that allowed the front hair (parted in the middle) to show. These hoods became more complex and structured over time. Unique to England was the gable hood, a wired headdress shaped like the gable of a house. In the 16th century gable headdress had long embroidered lappets framing the face and a loose veil behind; later the gable hood would be worn over several layers that completely concealed the hair, and the lappets and veil would be pinned up in a variety of ways. A simple rounded hood of the early years of the century evolved into the French hood, popular in both France and England; its arched shape sat further back on the head and displayed the front hair which was parted in the center and pinned up in braids or twists under the veil. German women adopted hats like fashionable men's baretts early in the century; these were worn over caps or cauls (colettes) made of netted cord over a silk lining. Hats became fashionable in England as an alternative to the hood toward the 1540s. Close fitting caps of fur were worn in cold climates. Linen caps called coifs were worn under the fur cap, hood or hat. In warmer climates including Italy and Spain, hair was more often worn uncovered, braided or twisted with ribbons and pinned up, or confined in a net. A Spanish style of the later 15th century was still worn in this period: the hair was puffed over the ears before being drawn back at chin level into a braid or wrapped twist at the nape. First-time brides wore their hair loose, in token of virginity, and a wreath or chaplet of orange blossoms was traditional. A jeweled wreath with enameled "orange blossoms" was sometimes worn. Jewelry and accessories Women of wealth wore gold chains and other precious jewelry; collar-like necklaces called carcanets, earrings, bracelets, rings, and jeweled pins. Bands of jeweler's work were worn as trim by the nobility, and would be moved from dress to dress and reused. Large brooches were worn to pin overpartlets to the dress beneath. Dress hooks, of silver gilt for the wealthy and of base metal for the lower classes, were worn to loop up skirts. A fashionable accessory was the zibellino, the pelt of a sable or marten worn draped at the neck or hanging at the waist; some costume historians call these "flea furs". The most expensive zibellini had faces and paws of goldsmith's work with jewelled eyes. However, not all women or men were allowed to wear jewelry because of the sumptuary laws that restricted wearing certain types of jewelry and luxurious fabrics, such as purple velvet, to first royalty and then nobility. The newly wealthy merchant classes who were not aristocrats could not wear jewelry on their clothing or fabrics restricted to nobles. Gloves of soft leather had short, sometimes slashed, cuffs and were perfumed. Beauty Ideals Portraits produced during the Renaissance provide an invaluable resource for visualizing and understanding the beauty ideals of the period. Sandro Botticelli's Venus and Mars, painted between 1480-1490 depicts Venus as the ultimate amalgamation of female physical beauty. Her face is perfectly symmetrical, her skin is unblemished and pure white, her hair is light in color and slightly waved, her forehead is high, her eyebrows are severely arched, her lips are red and full and her abdomen and hips protrude slightly under her thin garment. Women often applied toxic substances to their faces and chests such as mercury, alum, and ceruse to lighten the skin and remove freckles. However, these products, such as ceruse, a lead derivative severely irritated the skin, leaving women's faces blemished and burned. Although safer alternatives existed, women preferred the consistency and coverage offered by ceruse. Not all cosmetics were dangerous, many women relied on lotions and balms containing almonds, olive oil, lemon juice, bread crumbs, eggs, honey, rosewater and snake fat to clarify and cleanse the skin. Red lips and rosy cheeks were achieved primarily through the application of vermilion; ceruse mixed with organic dyes such as henna and cochineal (a powder made from the ground exoskeleton of insects). In Italy especially, women sought to achieve the light tresses that were viewed as the ideal. Women applied mixtures of lemon juice, alum and white wine and sat in the sun to lighten their hair. In order to produce loose curls, women wrapped hair saturated in gum arabic or beer around clay curlers. Finally, the appearance of a high forehead was achieved by plucking hairs along the hairline, and severely arching or removing the eyebrows altogether. Although at this time, women could not cosmetologically alter the symmetry of their face, or the structure of their nose in order to obtain the ideal, the products available allowed them to come close. Style gallery – German States and the Low Countries 1500s–1520s Anna Cuspinian wears a rose-pink brocade gown with a high belt and black collar and cuffs with a large headdress 1502–03. St Dorothea wears a black goller or round partlet over a gown with an organ-pleated skirt and a snug bodice trimmed with embroidery. She wears pieced sleeves derived from Italian styles with puffs at the elbows and shoulders, a heavy gold chain, and a gold filigree carcanet or necklace, 1506. Duchess Katharina von Mecklenburg wears a front-laced gown in the German fashion, with broad bands of contrasting materials, tight sleeves, and slashes at the elbow, 1514. Three ladies in German fashion of 1525–30. Baretts with upturned slashed brims are worn over cauls, and sleeves are variously puffed, pieced, and slashed, with short wide cuffs extending over the hands. Katharina von Bora wears a front-laced grayish gown with black trim. She wears a white partlet edged in black, and her hair is confined in a net or snood, 1526. Princess Sibylle von Cleves as a bride wears a tight-waisted gown with slashed and puffed sleeves over a high-necked chemise with a wide band at the neck. Her loose hair and the jeweled wreath of orange blossoms indicate that this is a bridal painting, 1526. Widows in the Netherlands wear barbes' or wimples with linen headdresses, 1526–30. Woman spinning of 1529 wears the linen cap and hood and black partlet characteristic of middle-class costume in the Netherlands in the 1520s. Style gallery – German States and the Low Countries 1530s–1540s Christina of Denmark, Duchess of Milan in mourning wears a black robe with a fur lining over a black gown. She wears a close-fitting black cap, 1538. German fashion includes a high-waisted gown with wide sleeves trimmed with bands of contrasting fabric worn with a wide belt. Undersleeves (probably attached the kirtle) have ruffled cuffs lined in red. A black parlet is worn. The headdress consists of a decorated cap and a short, sheer veil turned up in "wings" at either cheek, 1538–39 Anne of Cleves wears a red gown with a high waist confined with a belt. Her sleeves have broad puffs on the upper arm and wide, open lower sleeves. Her cap or hood has a sheer veil draped over it, 1539. Anne of Cleves wears a front-laced full-sleeved gown of bands of red-gold brocade and black with ruffled cuffs that display the chemise cuffs beneath. Her headdress consists of a short sheer veil and embroidered hood; a red undercap or forehead band is visible at the temples, 1540s. Woman holding a silver rosary wears a linen headdress and veil. Her gown is confined with a wide belt at the high waist, and she wears a black partlet that reveals a red kirtle over her high-necked chemise trimmed with gold embroidery, 1542. Flemish costume of 1542 features turned-back trumpet sleeves lined in fur and a black partlet. The high-necked chemise of fine linen has ruffles at the wrist, and a linen hood with a veil is worn. Christoph Amberger's Unknown Woman wears a finely pleated partlet or high-necked chemise with a high collar and small ruff beneath her gown. Her close-fitting cap may be similar to that worn by Anne of Cleves under her veil, c. 1545. Self-portrait of Caterina van Hemessen show the painter in a black overpartlet and red velvet undersleeves, 1548. Style gallery – Italy and Spain 1500s–1520s Maddalena Doni wears a rose-colored gown with contrasting blue sleeves. She wears a sheer shoulder cape or open partlet with a dark edging, 1505. Spanish fashion: A velvet gown with slashed sleeves is worn over a chemise embroidered in black silk at the neckline (visible beneath the net partlet) and in bands down the wide sleeves, Toledo, c. 1505. Venetian woman wears a patterned gown with tied-on sleeves that show the chemise beneath. Her hair frames her face in soft waves, and back hair is confined in a small draped cap, c. 1505. Barbara Palavicino wears slashed sleeves tied in bows at the shoulders. Her long hair is confined in a small embroidered cap and then wrapped in a long tail down her back. She wears a fillet or ferroniere around her forehead. Italian gown of floral silk has wide, puffed upper sleeves and fitted lower sleeves. Her chemise is high-necked and small frills are visible at the wrists. She wears a heavy gold chain. Joanna of Aragon wears a gown with wide, open sleeves lined in light pink. Her high waist is accentuated with a knotted sash. The full sleeves of her chemise are gathered into ornamented bands, and she wears a broad hat that matches her gown, 1518. Marguerite d'Angoulême wears the Italian style common in Savoy. Her black gown has very large puffed upper sleeves with a white lining pulled through numerous cuts or slashes. Her hair is confined in a bag-like fabric snood under a broad black hat, c. 1527. Style gallery – Italy and Iberia 1530s–1540s Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Portugal and France, wears a floral cut velvet gown with fur-lined oversleeves over full, striped slashed undersleeves caught up with jewels, 1530. Foschi's Italian Lady wears a pink gown with puffed upper sleeves and contrasting velvet lower sleeves, both trimmed with fur. She wears a high-necked chemise (or possibly partlet) trimmed with blackwork embroidery at the neck and front opening. Her girdle of knotted cord has a tassel at the end, 1530–35. Titian's Italian Lady wears a gown with puffed upper sleeves over contrasting slashed lower or undersleeves. She wears a jeweled girdle at her natural waist. Her hair is done up in intricately knotted braids, 1536. Eleonora Gonzaga wears a black gown with puffed upper sleeves. A "flea fur" with jeweled gold face is suspended from her knotted and tasselled girdle. She wears a partlet with a high collar and small ruff, and her hair is confined in a black cap, 1538. Lucrezia Panciatichi wears a rose gown with intricately ruched or gathered puffed upper sleeves. The tight gathers of her skirt can be seen at the front waist, 1540. Eleanora of Toledo, wife of Cosimo de' Medici, wears a gown of a boldly patterned silk with matching sleeves. She wears a gold lattice-work partlet studded with pearls and a matching snood or caul. The blackwork embroidery at the edges of her square-necked chemise can be seen beneath the parlet, 1545. Empress and Queen of Spain Isabella of Portugal wears a gown with wide bands of trim. Her bodice is slightly arched over the breast and slightly pointed at the waist, and her long, wide sleeves are open down the front and caught together with jeweled clasps or pins. She wears a high-neck partlet with a small ruff, 1548. Style gallery – England and France 1500s–1520s Elizabeth of York wears an early gable hood and a front-closing red gown with a fur lining or trim and fur cuffs, c. 1500. An unidentified princess believed to be Mary Tudor or Catherine of Aragon wears a round hood over a linen cap and a dark gown over a kirtle. Her square-necked smock has a narrow row of embroidery at the neck, and she wears a jeweled collar or carcanet and a long, heavy gold chain, early C 16. Henry VIII's sister Mary Tudor's marriage portrait (with Charles Brandon) in a French gown shows the cuffs of her sleeves turned back to display a lining decorated with pearls. She wears a French hood. Her undersleeves have an open seam caught with jeweled clasps or pins and her chemise sleeves are pulled through the openings in small puffs, 1516. Catherine of Aragon, c.1525, wears a gable hood with the lappets folded up and pinned in place, and the veil hanging loosely in back. Her gown has a pattern of jewels at the neckline, and her wide sleeves are turned up to show the lining. Mary Wotton, Lady Guildenford wears a gable hood with a loose veil. The bodice of her gown (presumably laced at the side-back or back) is decorated with draped chains, and her smock sleeves are pulled through the open outer seam of her undersleeves in neat puffs, 1527. Two ladies of Thomas More's family wear dark gowns laced over colored kirtles with contrasting undersleeves. 1527–28. Holbein's Anne Lovell wears a fur cap shaped like a gable hood. She wears a linen kerchief or capelet draped over her shoulders, and a sheer parlet, 1527–28. Drawing by Holbein shows front and back views of English dresses and gable hood of 1528–30. Style gallery – England 1530s–1540s Jane Seymour wears a gable hood and a chemise with geometric blackwork embroidery, 1536–37. Detail of the embroidery on Jane Seymour's cuff. Margaret Wyatt, Lady Lee wears a patterned brown or mulberry-colored gown with full sleeves and a matching partlet lined in white, 1540 (perhaps after an earlier drawing). Elizabeth Seymour wears a black satin gown with full sleeves and black velvet partlet. Her cuffs have floral blackwork embroidery, 1540–41. Lady Margaret Butts wears a high-necked chemise with a band of blackwork at the neck. The lappets on her gable hood are solid black, and she has a fur piece draped around her shoulders, 1543. Henry VIII's daughter Mary Tudor wears a brocade gown with red sleeve linings and a red French hood with a black veil. The edge of her square-necked chemise is visible above the neckline of her dress, 1544. Catherine Parr wears a red loose gown with wide bands of applied trim. She wears a white cap with pearls and a pleated forehead cloth under a hat with an upturned brim and a feather. The collar of her gown is lined with patterned (woven or possibly embroidered) silk, c. 1545. Elizabeth Tudor at age 13 wears a rose-colored gown over a forepart and undersleeves of cloth of silver with patterns in looped pile. Her French hood matches her gown, 1546. Men's fashion Overview Early in this period, men's silhouette was long and narrow, but gradually it grew wider until by the later reign of Henry the VIII the silhouette was almost square, with shoulder emphasis achieved through wide revers and collars and large sleeves. Throughout this period, fashionable men's clothing consisted of: A linen shirt or chemise, originally low-necked but with a higher neckline by mid-century. The neckline was gathered into a narrow band or adjusted by means of a drawstring; the tiny ruffle formed by pulling up the drawstring became wider over time, and then evolved into the ruff of the next period. A doublet with matching sleeves, often slashed or cut to allow the fabric of the shirt beneath to show through. A jerkin, usually cut low to the waist in front to reveal the doublet beneath, with full skirts to the knee. Hose, now usually ending above the knee, with a prominent codpiece (both sometimes hidden under the skirts of the jerkin). Separate nether-hose or stockings held up with garters. A front-opening overgown, often fur-lined for warmth and slashed, with sleeves. The overgown was ankle length early in the period, but knee-length overgowns were fashionable in the 1530s and 1540s. Scholars, judges, doctors, and other professionals retained the ankle length gown throughout the period. From the 1530s, a narrower silhouette became popular under Spanish influence. Collars were higher and tighter. Shoulders lost their padding and developed a slight slope. Doublet sleeves became fuller rather than tight. Jerkins closed to the neck; their skirts were shorter and slightly flared rather than full, and they displayed more of the hose. Overall the fashion was more rigid and restrained. Lower-class men wore a one-piece garment called a cotte in English, tight to the waist with knee-length skirts and long sleeves over their hose. Bright colors (reds, yellows, purples, pinks, and greens) were popular. Matthäus Schwarz compiled a Klaidungsbüchlein or Trachtenbuch (usually translated as "Book of Clothes"), a book cataloguing the clothing that he wore between 1520 and 1560. The book contains color illustrations focused on Schwarz's individual clothing history. Hairstyles and headgear A variety of hats were worn in the period. The German '''barett, with its turned-up brim, was fashionable throughout the period, and a similar hat with a turned-up round or "halo" brim was popular in the court of Henry VIII. The flat hat combined a low, gathered crown with a circular brim and was worn in mid-century. Style gallery 1500–1510 Arthur, Prince of Wales wears a red hat with two gold buttons and a badge. He wears a jewelled collar of knots and Tudor roses over a reddish overgown with dark fur trim, c. 1500. Henry VII wears a red-and-gold brocade overgown over another fur garment. He wears the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece, c. 1500. Italian hose of the first decade of the century. The man on the left wears hose divided into upper hose and nether hose or stockings. The man on right wears hose slashed around one thigh, with a pouched codpiece, 1500–1510. Johannes Cuspinian wears a fur-lined brocade overgown over a front-laced red doublet and a low-necked shirt or chemise. He wears a red hat with an upturned brim, 1502–03. Angelo Doni wears Italian fashion: a dark doublet with pink sleeves, loose hair, and a hat with a turned-up brim, 1506. The young Henry VIII's hair is worn chin length. His overgown has wide revers and is worn with a jeweled collar, 1509. Style gallery 1510s Italian youth wears striped hose, a doublet with puffed upper sleeves, and a voluminous cloak, 1510. The Swiss Guard at the Vatican wear full-skirted giornea or jerkins and full sleeves over low-necked shirts or chemises, 1512. Unknown man wears a doublet with slashed sleeves and an overgown with a gray fur collar. Ludwig, Count von Löwenstein wears a fur-lined overgown in the German fashion and a red barett with a jewel in the form of a pair of compasses, 1513. German fashion includes a multitude of slashes in rows on doublet, hose and overgown, 1514. The Emperor Maximilian I, in his portrait by Dürer, wears an overgown with a very wide fur collar and a broad-brimmed hat, 1519. Georg Zelle wears a brocade overgown with a fur lining and slashed sleeves. The neck of his shirt is open, 1519. Bonifazius Amerbach wears a high-necked shirt and a high-necked doublet under a dark overgown. His hat is rounded and soft, rather than angular, 1519. Style gallery 1520–1535 Francis I of France wears a wide-necked doublet with paned sleeves under dark gold jerkin and a satin overgown with turned-back sleeves. His shirt has a tiny frill edged in black at the neck and wide ruffles at the wrist. Jean Clouet, c. 1520–25. Lucas Cranach the Elder's Young Man wears the later style of barett, wide and flat with a slashed brim. His high neckline is accented by parallel rows of slashes, and he wears a brown overgown, 1521. Federico II Gonzaga wears a doublet with full skirts to mide thigh, soft "loops" at the shoulder, and gold embroidered bands at the border over bright red hose and a prominent codpiece, Italy, 1525, Sir Henry Guildford wears a wide necked brocade doublet, a jerkin, and a fur-lined overgown. His wide-necked shirt is bare visible under his doublet the left shoulder. 1527. Emperor Charles V wears slashed hose and sleeves in the German fashion. His overgown has puffed upper sleeves and a black (probably fur) lining. His shoes have squarish toes and reach high over his instep, 1532–33. Jean de Dinteville, French ambassador to England, wears a fur-lined calf-length overgown over a black jerkin and a slashed doublet of rose-colored silk. His shoes are very square at the toes, 1533. Charles de Solier, Sieur de Morette wears a high-necked doublet under darker jerkin and an overgown. His sleeves are paned (made in strips) and fastened with jewels. The square beard was very popular with the broad silhouette of 1534–5. Holbein's Man with a Lute wears a transitional costume—a wide-necked doublet with a high, banded-neckline shirt, c. 1535. Style gallery 1535–1550 Bronzino's Young Man with a Book wears a dark slashed doublet with a standing collar and matching hose. His shirt has a small ruffle at the neck, and his hat is decorated with pairs of metal tags or aiglettes. Florence, 1535–40. Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk wears a black overgown lined with lynx fur over a jerkin lined in a brown fur and a reddish doublet. His shirt has an embroidered standing collar. He wears a black "halo" hat over a black coif, and the collar of the Order of the Garter, 1539–40. Count Sciarra Martinengo Cesaresco wears an overgown lined in lynx over a blue doublet with quilted sleeves. His hat badge is inscribed in Greek "Alas! [I] yearn exceedingly". Unknown man in a modest costume of 1541. He wears a brown satin doublet with full, unslashed "round" sleeves under a dark overgown. His shirt has a standing band with embroidery and a ruffle. Henry VIII in 1542 wears a closed red ermine-lined overgown with narrower shoulders and a high collar. Seated youth wears a pinked and slashed leather jerkin and a black sword belt and hanger over a red doublet and red hose with a prominent codpiece. Germany, 1544. Edward VI wears the leaner, narrow fashions of 1546. The shoulders are no longer wide, and the jerkin's skirts are flared but not gathered, and are shorter than the hose. Emperor Charles V wears a black, fur-lined overgown over a black doublet, hose, stockings and shoes. His shoes have slightly rounded rather than square toes, 1548. Footwear Style in men's and women's footwear was the same in this period. Shoes for men and women were flat, and often slashed and fastened with a strap across the instep. They were made of soft leather, velvet, or silk. Broad, squared toes were worn early, and were replaced by rounded toes in the 1530s. Toward the middle of the century, shoes became narrower and were shaped naturally to the foot. Soft boots for riding fitted to mid-calf. Children's fashion As shown in the images below, children's clothing was mostly smaller versions of adult clothing, complete with low necklines and cumbersome underthings. Children of the nobility must have had limited freedom of movement to play and romp because of the restrictive clothing they wore. Toddler boys wore gowns until they were breeched. Working class clothing Bavarian stonemasons wear knee-length tunics, hose, and ankle-high shoes, c. 1505. Sheep shearers wear short tunics over shirts, with hose and ankle-high shoes, Flanders, c. 1510. Haymakers: Barefoot women wear short-sleeved, front-laced dresses with contrasting linings tucked up over knee-length chemises, with aprons and straw hats. Men wear sleeveless overgowns or jerkins over their shirts and hose, c. 1510. The prodigal son is dressed like a beggar, in undyed or faded clothing. He wears a hood and carries a hat with a brim and a wicker pack on his back, c. 1510. See also Chemise Doublet (clothing) Farthingale French hood Gable hood Hose (clothing) Jerkin (garment) Zibellino Notes References Bayer, Andrea, editor: Painters of Reality: The Legacy of Leonardo and Caravaggio in Lombardy, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2004, Boucher, François: 20,000 Years of Fashion, Harry Abrams, 1966. Arnold, Janet: Lost from Her Majesties Back, The Costume Society, 1980. Arnold, Janet: Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd, W S Maney and Son Ltd, Leeds 1988. (Arnold comments in detail on the clothing in several portraits of the 1530s and 1940s referenced in this article.) Ashelford, Jane: The Art of Dress: Clothing and Society 1500–1914, Abrams, 1996. Ashelford, Jane. The Visual History of Costume: The Sixteenth Century. 1983 edition (), 1994 reprint (). Favier, Jean, Gold and Spices: The Rise of Commerce in the Middle Ages, London, Holmes and Meier, 1998, . Hayward, Maria: Dress at the Court of King Henry VIII, Maney Publishing, 2007, Hearn, Karen, ed. Dynasties: Painting in Tudor and Jacobean England 1530–1630. New York: Rizzoli, 1995. . Kõhler, Carl: A History of Costume, Dover Publications reprint, 1963, from 1928 Harrap translation from the German, Kybalová, Ludmila, Olga Herbenová, and Milena Lamarová: Pictorial Encyclopedia of Fashion, translated by Claudia Rosoux, Paul Hamlyn/Crown, 1968, Mentges, Gabriele: European Fashion (1450–1950), European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2011, retrieved: June 16, 2011. Montupet, Janine, and Ghislaine Schoeller: Lace: The Elegant Web, Netherton, Robin, and Gale R. Owen-Crocker, editors, Medieval Clothing and Textiles, Volume 2, Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK, and Rochester, NY, the Boydell Press, 2006, Category:16th-century fashion Fashion Category:History of clothing (Western fashion) Category:Medieval European costume

Bill, the Galactic Hero (film)

Bill, the Galactic Hero is a 2014 science fiction student film directed by Alex Cox and six student co-directors based on Harry Harrison's 1965 novel of the same name. Plot synopsis Bill is a pizza delivery driver who is drugged and shanghaied into the Space Troopers. Bill initially works as a fuse tender but when his ship is struck by enemy fire Bill finds himself the only remaining soldier capable of firing on the enemy Chingers. He destroys an enemy fleet with a lucky shot and is proclaimed a hero. He becomes lost in a labyrinth of bureaucracy, eventually recruiting his own younger brother into military service to the chagrin of his mother. Cast James Miller as Bill Devon Wycoff as Deathwish Drang Jesse Lee Pacheco as Sixth Class Tembo Kaitlin McManus as Bown Brown / Sgt. Ferkel Eddy Jordan as X / Pinkteron Hayden Winston as Chaplain / Laundry Officer Brittany Handler as 1st Class Spleen Nick Wagner as Old Sarge / Corp. DeSalius Bradley Allf as Deplanned Outlaw Lily Grisafi as Eager Beager Pablo Kjolseth as The Emperor Anneka Kumli as Mother / Officer 1 Susan Sebanc as All Robots (voice) Frank Vidana as Surgeon Shayn Herndon Production Alex Cox had initially optioned the rights to a film version of Harry Harrison's 1965 novel in 1983 as he was completing Repo Man. The project met with studio resistance and remained unmade until 2012 when Alex Cox had begun teaching film production at the University of Colorado at Boulder. He had the idea to have his students film an adaptation of the novel and suggested the idea to Harrison, who granted Cox an academic license to produce a student film and was working with Cox on the screenplay for the film at the time of his death in 2012. In March 2013, Cox launched a Kickstarter campaign, hoping to raise $100,000 to shoot the film. The campaign exceeded the goal and raised $114,957 from 1,106 backers. Cox also succeeded in getting numerous film professionals to work on a royalties basis. The film went into production in October 2013. Scenes were shot in university buildings. Iggy Pop, who wrote and performed the song "Repo Man" for Alex Cox's 1984 film, also wrote and performed the theme song for Bill, the Galactic Hero. Release The film premiered in Boulder, Colorado on December 12, 2014. It gained positive reviews. It was later shown on New Year's Eve at the Clinton Street Theater. References External links Category:2014 films Category:American science fiction films Category:2010s science fiction films Category:English-language films Category:Films directed by Alex Cox Category:Films set in the future Category:Films based on American novels Category:Films based on science fiction novels Category:Kickstarter-funded films Category:Films shot in Colorado Category:2010s war films Category:Films with live action and animation Category:Student films Category:University of Colorado Boulder

Pelados em Santos

"Pelados em Santos" is a song written by Alecsander Alves (best known by the nickname Dinho), and performed by the Brazilian comedy rock band Mamonas Assassinas. The song was released in 1995, in their only album Mamonas Assassinas. The song enjoyed fame in Brazil and other countries in Latin America. The song was released by EMI. Cover versions The Brazilian rock group Titãs covered this song in 1999, in their cover album As Dez Mais. Music video The music video of the song shows each member of the band offering a wide range of fictional products of the brand "Titãs" (like banks, whiskeys, food, etc.) in a Bombril commercials-like studio (actually, the PV was introduced by the same man that made the Bombril TV commercials), with alternate shots of naked women holding the As Dez Mais CD. The video features performances by , Bárbara Paz and Cheila Ferlin. In the middle of the video, a brand of giant cigarettes ("Titãs lights") is introduced by the Bombril man, and a warning on the upper left edge says: "Os Titãs advertem: O ministério faz mal a sua saúde" (Titãs warn: the Ministry is unhealthy for you), a parody of the similar warning placed in all cigarettes' packs in Brazil, as well on cigarette advertisings in television: "O Ministério da Saúde adverte: fumar é prejudicial à saúde" (The Ministry of Health warns: smoking is unhealthy''). Other shots include Tony Bellotto pretending sex with a sex doll, some band members hugged with the naked women and the final shot of the clip, with all the band members and the Bombril man singing the song. According to the band, the idea of inviting Olivetto was "to play with our fame of being a commercial band. We thought of singing as if we were doing a commercial for the song, which is the reason for a musical clip to exist". References Category:1999 singles Category:Titãs songs Category:1996 singles Category:1995 songs Category:EMI Records singles

Křižovatka

Křižovatka () is a village and municipality in Cheb District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. Category:Villages in Cheb District

Mobile Patient Diary

Mobile Patient Diaries are the next generation Patient Diaries that can use mobile phones during clinical and behavioral trials or a disease treatment and management, to measure treatment compliance and capture patient related information. Patient Diaries have long been maintained on paper, however, with the fast moving mobile phone and communication / digital revolution, patient data capture using mobile phones has come up to be a common practice. Mobile phones can be used for capturing Quality of Life, Health Related Quality Of Life and other assessments during clinical trials and research studies. Mobile phone applications can be used as an innovative solution that allows the clinical and research fraternity to get access to patient information in real time and thereby make important decisions with respect to the ongoing trial. Using mobile phones as patient diaries could play an important role to ensure that the patients enrolled in a clinical trial are compliant to their assessment filling regimens, by sending timely and scheduled alerts and follow ups for filling up their assessments. Mobile technology also enables multiple languages and real time data capture to be inbuilt in the devices to cater to the growing global patient populations that participate in clinical and behavioral trials. Sources ePRO Guidance for Industry Category:Health informatics

Olga Novokshchenova

Olga Nikolayevna Novokshchenova (, November 29, 1974, Moscow, USSR) is a Russian Synchro-swimmer. She has two Olympic gold medals (2000, 2004), and a winner of World (1997, 1998, 2000) and European Championships (1997, 1999, 2000, 2004), World Cups and other tournaments. She is a member of National team since 1992. Now, she is the manager of public relations for Russian Paralympic Committee. She also teaches synchronized swimming in Port Antonio, Jamaica. References External links Sport Russia - profile Category:Russian synchronized swimmers Category:Olympic synchronized swimmers of Russia Category:Synchronized swimmers at the 1996 Summer Olympics Category:Synchronized swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics Category:Synchronized swimmers at the 2004 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic gold medalists for Russia Category:1974 births Category:Living people Category:Sportspeople from Moscow Category:Olympic medalists in synchronized swimming Category:Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics Category:Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics

Charles Bannister

Charles Bannister (1738–1804) was an English actor, comedian and singer. Origins and debut Bannister was born in Gloucestershire. When he was seven his father moved to Deptford. He was possessed of 'a manly form, an ardent mind, and an uncommon flow of wit.' He a company of players who visited his neighbourhood, and aspired to their profession. At 18 he made amateur appearances in Romeo and Juliet and Richard III in Deptford. Drury Lane turned him down, but after successful work in Norwich, Ipswich and other eastern towns, Samuel Foote gave him his first London appearance in 1762 at the Haymarket Theatre, as Will Tirehack in The Orators, opposite John Palmer as Harry Scamper, who also made his debut on that occasion. Bannister remained Palmer's friend thereafter with 'manly firmness and immoveable constancy'. Long afterwards, in June 1787, Palmer as manager of the Royalty Theatre attempted to present dramatic works (including As You Like It), and then other lighter entertainments of the stage, with the encouragement of Arthur Murphy, contrary to Statute. Bannister, even after the legal danger was apparent, remained with him, and was committed for trial, though the warrant was superseded. His career in opera His skills, especially in comedy and mimicry, were quickly recognised, but the fine singing voice on which his later reputation stood was not at first in evidence. Bannister was untutored as a singer, but possessed a natural voice which united 'in extraordinary perfection the extremes of a deep bass and high-toned falsetto: and his ear, which was of great delicacy and perfection, enabled him to execute not only pieces of ordinary description, but to represent, with great humour, and without the grossness of burlesque or caricature, many leading performers of the day, both male and female.' William Parke noted that 'Bannister, who never sang out of time or out of tune, did not know one note of music. He had his songs, &c., paroted to him by a worthy friend of mine, Mr Griffith Jones, who was at that time pianist to Covent Garden Theatre.' In 1772 it was reported that Jane Poitier, an actress who worked in the same summer company as Bannister from 1770 to 1774, was his mistress. Dibdin opera roles Bannister built on his reputation as a singer at Ranelagh Gardens not least through the early successful operas of Charles Dibdin, with which he became specially identified. In 1768 he was in Damon and Phillida, and The Padlock. In 1774 he was the original Tom Tug in Dibdin's lasting work, The Waterman, at its first presentation at the Haymarket. He appeared in the first production of The Cobbler, and in 1777 was the first Mr. Steady in The Quaker at Drury Lane. 'Steady, in The Quaker, has never, except in him, found an adequate representative.' He was in the premiere of The Chelsea Pensioner in 1779, and was Sergeant (opposite Charles Dibdin as Countryman, and Mrs Wrighten as Wife) in Dibdin and Isaac Bickerstaffe's musical entertainment of The Recruiting Serjeant at the Royalty Theatre in 1789. As Tom Tug, Mr Steady and the Recruiting Serjeant he was succeeded (at Covent Garden) by Charles Incledon, and by Charles Dignum, who were his friends, and adopted them for tenor voice instead of bass or baritone. In December 1776 he brought 'his fine rich and mellow bass voice' to the two-act opera Zelima and Azore (composed by Thomas Linley and the orchestra led by Linley's son Thomas, fresh from his studies with Tartini), opposite Vernon, Dodd, and Mrs. Baddely. This was shortly before the premiere of The School for Scandal in 1777: and in October 1778 Bannister had the role of Serjeant Drill in the elder Linley's two-act musical drama The Camp (after Sheridan), with the recruiting song "Great Caesar, once renown'd in fame". Shield opera premieres Bannister played in the first productions of several of his friend William Shield's operas, from his early success The Flitch of Bacon at the Little Theatre, Haymarket (as Captain Wilson) in 1778, through many of his later Covent Garden successes. He was the first Mr Belville in Shield's Rosina (text by Mrs Brooke) in 1782–83, in which Mrs Bannister also appeared: his song "Her mouth, when a smile" stuck in his personal repertoire. In 1783 he was Captain Fitzroy in Shield's The Poor Soldier. In 1784 Robin Hood (text: MacNally) gave Mrs Bannister an air "The Nightingale" with oboe obbligato for Parke jnr., and to Charles Bannister the song "As burns the charger" with trumpet accompaniment. Bannister and 'Jack' Johnstone's duet "How sweet in the woodlands" was richly encored. Parke recalled Bannister singing in Shield's Fontainbleau, or, Our Way in France in 1784, and how he and Johnstone sang duets at a dinner held by Shield soon afterwards. Bannister was also in first performances of Shield's The Farmer (1787), The Highland Reel (1788) The Crusade and The Czar (both 1790), and The Woodman (1791), in the latter with both Johnstone and Incledon. At Covent Garden a new comic opera by Hook, The Fair Peruvian, in March 1786, featured Bannister opposite the excellent Mrs Billington, who became suddenly ill during the performance. A different play being offered, Bannister, by winning a laugh, managed to placate a turbulent audience. Bannister was identified with many songs which were never bettered than in his performance of them. 'Among them may be named: "Her mouth which a smile", in Rosina; "While happy in my native land", in The Election; "Brave Admiral Benbow"; "To Anacreon in Heaven"; "When Bibo went down to the regions below"; and above all, and never to be equalled or forgotten, "Stand to your guns, my Hearts of Oak!" In this song, his diminuendo while giving the command, "Reserve your fire" – and, "not yet, nor yet," followed by the tremendous burst of his powerful voice, in the word "Fire!" produced an electrifying and appalling effect.' In travesty He was said to have 'one of the most extensive falsettos ever heard'. Garrick took Felice Giardini to hear Bannister's imitations of Tenducci and Champneys, and the composer observed that the mimicry was perfect, but the fault was that the mimic was better than the performers themselves. Michael Kelly refers to his appearance as Polly in a travesty of The Beggar's Opera at the Little Theatre in the Haymarket in 1781, in which he 'gave her tender airs with all the power of his deep and sonorous bass voice.' He brought it off not by mimicking feminine intonation or mincing gait, antics or 'superadded drolleries', but by the ridiculous incongruity of his deep voice and muscular frame, by an occasional display of ankle, and by the perfect judgement with which he sang Polly's songs. This was heard with great disgust by the visiting Italian male soprano Ferdinando Mazzanti, who did not realize it was a burlesque production. The Drama He was received with such favour that David Garrick engaged him for Drury Lane. Kelly also mentions his 'admirable' appearance as Hecate in a production of Macbeth, 21 March 1794, at the opening of the New Drury Lane Theatre, in a cast led by John Kemble and Mrs Siddons, the Malcolm played by Charles Kemble in his first public appearance in London. As Hecate, Bannister was a successor to the celebrated bass Richard Leveridge (who had composed the Macbeth music about a century before and performed the role for some forty years). The Tempest gave Bannister a famous role as Caliban: 'Combining, as he did, a deep and sonorous voice both in speaking and singing, a large and vigorous person, and great force in the management of all his advantages, Charles Bannister was an exact and stupendous representative of this hag-born monster; no contemporary or successor has given so perfect a delineation. It is impossible to exceed the vigour with which he ejaculated his curses, the humility with which he worshipped the "brave god who carried the bottle", or the appalling revelry with which he made the stage tremble under him, when he shouted "Freedom! hey-day! liberty! freedom!" and thundered out his song,"Ban, ban, Ca-Caliban, Has a new master, get a new man".' 'With Charles Bannister, Shakspeare's monster died.' Character Charles Bannister was much celebrated as a wit. He possessed, 'in high perfection, the faculty of repartee, unimpaired by any display of spleen or malevolence: his hits were therefore always well received. He was, at this time, eminently in favour with the public, upon whom his truly English style of singing and acting had made a powerful impression; he was greatly esteemed in all convivial and social circles, where his never-failing good humour and versatile talent occasioned his company to be generally courted, and among whom his affability, candour and plain integrity procured him the title of "Honest Charles Bannister".' He was, however, not very good at organizing his monetary affairs. George Garrick was always very anxious to please his brother David, and whenever he came into the theatre he invariably asked, "Has my brother wanted me?" It so befel that George died very soon after his brother's funeral, and when the news came someone observed that this was extraordinary. "Not at all," said Charles Bannister, "His brother wanted him". Another example: 'Bannister repeats – or has invented – a very witty thing said by Jack Ketch as he was tying the halter. A culprit asked him "if he had any commands to the other world." "Why," said Jack, "not much – I'll – only -" (added he, as he adjusted the knot under his left ear) "just – trouble you – WITH A LINE".' The theatrical memoirs of the period are laced with examples of Bannister's quips and rejoinders: he seems to have been unstoppable. According to The Epicure's Almanack, Bannister's wit earned him free room and board for life at the One Tun Tavern on Jermyn Street: "This is one of the meritorious houses which have risen progressively from the obscurity of a chop-house to the importance of a tavern. If report may be credited, it owes its first rise to an accidental circumstance. The late Charles Bannister, of facetious memory, having, for some time, occasionally used the house, and by his wit and inexhaustible humour, attracted a crowd of company, the honest host thought fit to fix this magnet by crying quits for bed and board as long as Mr. Bannister continued his guest. The terms we believe were accepted, and the contract terminated only with the life of the comedian." He and William Shield, Charles Incledon, Charles Dignum, 'Jack' Johnstone, Charles Ashley and William Parke (oboeist) in 1793 formed themselves into 'The Glee Club', a set which met on Sunday evenings during the season at the Garrick's Head Coffee House in Bow Street, once a fortnight, for singing among themselves and dining together. A project to erect a bust to Dr Thomas Arne, which this group proposed to fund by charitable performances, was vetoed by the management of Covent Garden. Bannister died on 26 October 1804, after a period of illness which had kept him from the stage. In his last weeks there were several benefit performances for him, for which the managers of both principal theatres allowed their leading actors to participate without charge. 'In Ways and Means, Honest Thieves and The Rival Soldiers he had, therefore, beside his son, (Joseph) Munden, (Jack) Johnstone, (George) Bartley, (Samuel) Simmons, Mrs. Gibbs and Mrs. Davenport.' The National Portrait Gallery in London has various portraits of Charles Bannister. His son, John Bannister, was also a famous actor and manager. References Category:1738 births Category:1804 deaths Category:English male singers Category:English male stage actors Category:18th-century English male actors Category:Musicians from Gloucestershire

Sun Jian

Sun Jian () (155–191), courtesy name Wentai, was a military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He allied himself with Yuan Shu in 190 when warlords from eastern China formed a coalition to oust Dong Zhuo, a tyrannical warlord who held the puppet Emperor Xian in his power. Although he controlled neither many troops nor much land, Sun Jian's personal bravery and resourcefulness were feared by Dong Zhuo, who placed him among Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu and Liu Biao as the most influential men at that time. After the coalition disbanded in the next year, China fell into massive civil war. In 191, Sun Jian was killed in battle during an offensive campaign against Liu Biao. Sun Jian was also the father of Sun Quan, one of the central figures of the Three Kingdoms era who eventually established the Eastern Wu state and declared himself its first emperor in 229, whereupon Sun Jian was given the posthumous title "Emperor Wulie" (武烈皇帝). Early life and career Sun Jian was born in Fuchun County (富春縣), Wu Commandery, around present day Fuyang, Zhejiang. He was allegedly a descendant of Sun Tzu, the author of The Art of War. No more immediate records survive, indicating his family probably played a very small part during the Han dynasty. Even his father's name is unrecorded, although a folk tradition gives it as Sun Zhong (孫鍾). Sun Jian was a civil official in his home county during his youth. When he was 16, Sun Jian travelled with his father to Qiantang, where they encountered a band of pirates dividing up their spoils on land. Sun Jian jumped on shore with a sabre in hand and pointed in different directions as if commanding a detachment of soldiers to surround the pirates. Seeing this, the pirates were deceived and fled. Sun Jian pursued, and only after taking the head of every pirate did he return (or just the leaders according to some accounts). His name henceforth spread. In 184, the Yellow Turban Rebellion led by Zhang Jiao broke out across the country. Sun Jian joined the general Zhu Jun to quell the rebellion in Yu Province (covering roughly present-day southern Henan and northern Anhui). The soldiers fought hard, forcing the rebels to retreat to Wan (宛; present-day Wancheng District, Nanyang, Henan). Sun Jian placed himself in the forefront and climbed onto the city walls alone. The rest then swarmed in and defeated the rebels. Around this time, Bian Zhang and Han Sui colluded with the Qiang tribes and rebelled in Liang Province (涼州; present-day western Gansu). After Dong Zhuo failed to put down the rebellion, the central government sent in his place the Minister of Works Zhang Wen, who invited Sun Jian along as an adviser. When Zhang Wen summoned Dong Zhuo to the encampment at Chang'an, Dong Zhuo procrastinated and took a long time to arrive. When he did, he showed little respect for Zhang Wen. Sun Jian then advised Zhang Wen to execute Dong Zhuo, but Zhang Wen declined as Dong Zhuo held high reputation in the west. Despite scoring a major victory against the rebels at Meiyang, Zhang Wen could not press their advantage and the rebellion was still not quelled. Zhang Wen and the rest returned to the capital Luoyang in disgrace and thus no honor was accorded. Meanwhile, another local-scale rebellion broke out near Changsha Commandery and the rebels besieged the city. Sun Jian was then appointed as the Administrator of Changsha Commandery. Within a month upon taking up office, Sun Jian had quelled the rebellion. Meanwhile, rebellions also broke out in the neighbouring commanderies of Lingling (零陵; around present-day Yongzhou, Hunan) and Guiyang (桂陽; around present-day Guiyang County, Hunan). Sun Jian defeated the rebel leaders Ou Xing (區星), Zhou Chao (周朝) and Guo Shi (郭石), and suppressed both rebellions. The Han imperial court enfeoffed him as the Marquis of Wucheng (烏程侯) in recognition of his contributions. Coalition against Dong Zhuo In 189, Emperor Ling died, leaving his young son in the care of Empress Dowager He and General-in-Chief He Jin. He Jin then summoned Dong Zhuo to lead troops into the capital to assist in a plot to eliminate the powerful eunuch faction. Before Dong Zhuo arrived, however, He Jin was assassinated by the eunuchs and Luoyang fell into chaos following a clash between supporters of both sides. Dong Zhuo then seized military control of the capital and deposed the young emperor for the puppet Emperor Xian. However, his tyrannical ways incurred the wrath of many and in the following year, warlords from eastern China formed a coalition against him. Sun Jian also raised an army and joined Yuan Shu, one of the leaders of the coalition at Luyang (魯陽; present-day Lushan County, Henan). On his way, he killed Inspector of Jing Province Wang Rui and Administrator of Nanyang Zhang Zi. Yuan Shu appointed Sun Jian as General Who Destroys Barbarians (破虜將軍, also translated as "General Who Smashes the Caitiffs") and Inspector of Yu Province (豫州刺史). Sun Jian then began training and preparing his troops at Luyang. A force sent by Dong Zhuo was so impressed with the strict discipline of Sun Jian's troops that they gave up the plan to attack Luyang. When Sun Jian moved out to Liangdong (梁東; east of present-day Linru County, Henan), he was outnumbered by Dong Zhuo's forces. With several dozen horsemen, Sun Jian broke out of the encirclement. He took off the red felt scarf he had always been wearing and handed it to his trusted aide Zu Mao (祖茂), whom Dong Zhuo's soldiers then chased after while Sun Jian escaped. Unable to shake off his pursuers, Zu Mao then dismounted, hung the scarf onto a half-burnt pillar, and hid himself in the tall grass nearby. The enemies surrounded the pillar and approached cautiously till they realised they had been fooled, whereupon they retreated. After regrouping his troops, Sun Jian pressed his troops towards Luoyang and engaged in battle against Dong Zhuo's forces at Yangren (陽人; believed to be near present-day Wenquan, Ruzhou, Henan). He scored a brilliant victory and killed the enemy commander Hua Xiong in battle (191). At this time, someone told Yuan Shu that if Sun Jian defeated Dong Zhuo and took over Luoyang, he would no longer submit to anyone. Feeling doubtful, Yuan Shu stopped providing food supplies to Sun Jian's army. Sun Jian rode the hundred odd li from Yangren to Luyang overnight to see Yuan Shu, whereupon he told the latter, "I put myself in danger during battle, firstly to eliminate the villain (Dong Zhuo) for the Han Empire, and secondly to avenge the deaths of your family members. I have no personal grudge against Dong Zhuo. Yet you believe slanderous talks and suspect me!" The words put Yuan Shu to shame and he immediately ordered his men to continue delivering food supplies to Sun Jian's army. Fearing Sun Jian, Dong Zhuo then sent his general Li Jue as an emissary to seek peace and propose a marriage to cement the alliance. However, Sun Jian rejected the proposals with harsh words and continued to lead his troops towards Luoyang. In late 190, his army was merely 90 li away from the capital when Dong Zhuo retreated west to Chang'an after ordering the destruction of Luoyang by fire. Entering the ruins of Luoyang, Sun Jian ordered his men to reseal the tombs of Han emperors that were excavated by Dong Zhuo, after which he returned to Luyang. It was said in the Book of Wu (吳書) by Wei Zhao that Sun Jian found one of the emperor's jade seals in a well south of Luoyang and kept it. Later, when Yuan Shu declared himself emperor, he held Sun Jian's wife Lady Wu hostage in exchange for the seal. Later life In 191, Yuan Shu sent Sun Jian to attack Liu Biao, the Governor of Jing Province (荆州; covering present-day Hubei and Hunan). He defeated Liu Biao's forces led by Huang Zu and pursued the enemy across the Han River to Xiangyang. While he was travelling alone through Xianshan (峴山), Huang Zu's troops ambushed him and shot him to death with arrows. The Record of Heroes (英雄記) by Wang Can, however, claims that Sun Jian died in 193 and that he was crushed to death by boulders while pursuing the enemy commander Lü Gong (呂公). Sun Jian's nephew, Sun Ben, gathered his uncle's troops and returned to Yuan Shu, who then appointed him as the Inspector of Yu Province to replace his uncle. Sun Jian was buried in the Gao Mausoleum in Qu'e (曲阿; in present-day Danyang, Jiangsu). He was survived by at least five sons and three daughters. His eldest son, Sun Ce, became a warlord and conquered several territories in the Jiangdong region. Like his father, Sun Ce died at a relatively young age and was succeeded by his younger brother, Sun Quan. Sun Quan built on his brother's legacy and eventually established the state of Eastern Wu in 229, with himself as its founding emperor, during the Three Kingdoms period. After ascending the throne, Sun Quan honoured his father with the posthumous title "Emperor Wulie" (武烈皇帝). Family In Romance of the Three Kingdoms In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, some events of Sun Jian were romanticised by Luo Guanzhong. Sun Jian first appears the novel in Chapter 5, in which he joined the coalition against Dong Zhuo. In the battle against Hua Xiong, the commander of the enemy army, Sun Jian took off his own red scarf and handed it to Zu Mao (祖茂) when Sun Jian's army was raided. Having distracted Hua Xiong and let Sun Jian escape, Zu Mao was chased after by Hua Xiong, so he hid himself in woods after hanging the scarf on a half-burnt pillar. When Hua Xiong found himself to be fooled, he killed Zu Mao who dashed out of his hideout to challenge him. Hua Xiong then launched an attack on Sun's army, which lasted for a whole night. Sun Jian could not resist Hua Xiong, so he called for assistance from the coalition. Hua Xiong was unrivalled until he met the unfamed Guan Yu. After Dong Zhuo retreated to Chang'an, Sun Jian was the first to enter Luoyang and ordered to put off the fires set by Dong Zhuo. Seeing the destruction of the imperial capital and Han dynasty, Sun Jian sighed and shed a tear. However, when his men found a jade seal, which was proven to be the imperial seal, Sun Jian grew ambitious and requested to retreat to his base. The news was leaked, to Sun Jian's miscalculation. When Yuan Shao, the leader of the coalition, interrogated Sun Jian, the latter swore by saying, "Should I have hid the treasure, I shall die miserably under arrows!" Under the protection by his guards, Sun Jian left Luoyang immediately. On the way to his base, Sun Jian passed through Jing Province, where the governor, Liu Biao, was asked by Yuan Shao to attack Sun Jian. Sun Jian badly lost the battle and barely escaped. When he later launched a revenge attack upon Jing Provence, in accordance with the order of his senior, Yuan Shu, he was lured under a cliff where he was shot dead by arrows from the above. Sun's camp reclaimed Sun Jian's corpse using a captive, Huang Zu, who was Liu Biao's brother-in-law. When Dong Zhuo heard of Sun's death in Chang'an, he said, "One of my greatest enemies is removed!" and consequently usurped more power in the imperial court. In popular culture Sun Jian is featured as a playable character in Koei's Dynasty Warriors and Warriors Orochi video game series. He also appears in Koei's Romance of the Three Kingdoms series. He is a playable warlord in the 2019 game Total War: Three Kingdoms by Creative Assembly. In the SD Gundam series BB Senshi Sangokuden, which is based on Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Sun Jian is characterised as the Gundam Sonken Zephyranthes. His design invokes a white tiger motif. See also Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms Notes References Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi). Fan, Ye (5th century). Book of the Later Han (Houhanshu). Luo, Guanzhong (14th century). Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguo Yanyi). Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu). Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian. Category:155 births Category:191 deaths Category:Han dynasty warlords Category:Politicians from Hangzhou Category:Yuan Shu and associates Category:Deaths by arrow wounds Category:Han dynasty politicians from Zhejiang Category:Political office-holders in Hunan Category:Political office-holders in Henan Category:Sun Quan and immediate family Category:Han dynasty people killed in battle

Beatfreakz

Beatfreakz were a Dutch house group consisting of members Dennis Christopher, Dimitrie Siliakus and Mark Simmons. For a period of time, Errol Lafleur was also part of the group. History The group was founded in 2000 by Dennis Christopher (born Dennis C. de Laat, Amsterdam), Dimitrie Siliakus (born 1978, The Hague) and Mark Simmons (born Mark Nieuwenhuijzen, Amsterdam). The group's first big hit was a song making prominent use of a sample from Rockwell's hit "Somebody's Watching Me". Instead of using the original voice of Rockwell, aka Kenneth Gordy, they used the voice of Dennis Delano, a Dutch singer. The song peaked at #3 in the UK Singles Chart in May 2006 and peaked at #21 in the Dutch Top 100. It peaked at #28 in the Belgium UltraTop 50 and peaked at #38 in Australia. It also peaked at #41 in the German Chart. The music video was a parody of Michael Jackson's hit Thriller. The band released the follow-up track "Superfreak", a Rick James remix, on 16 October 2006. They revealed exclusively on BBC Radio 1's Chart Show on 15 October 2006, that their next project was likely to be a remix of the Ghostbusters theme tune, original from Ray Parker Jr. This track was previewed at the Matinee closing party in Ibiza on 30 September 2006. Dimitrie Siliakus had left the group by November 2006. Another song of theirs is released on the Put Your Hands Up! 2 compilation, a remake of Aerosmith's "Walk This Way". In 2007, the group were credited in a remix of Marvin Gaye's "Sexual Healing" under their alias Rockefeller, as Alibi vs. Rockefeller, with a music video featuring three female dancers dressed as nurses (Lauren Ridealgh, Bayley Darling and Stephanie Fitzpatrick). It charted at #16 on the Finnish Singles Chart and at #34 on the UK Singles Chart. The group has not had any activity under the Beatfreakz name since 2008, however the former members worked together in the years after. Discography Singles Remixes 2006: Rockefeller – "Do It 2Nite" 2006: The B.O.M.B. feat. Sean Finn – "Skynight" 2006: Starkillers – "Discoteka" 2007: Royal Melody – "Blinded By The Light" 2007: Infernal – "I Won't Be Crying" 2007: Alibi vs. Rockefeller – "Sexual Healing" References External links Official site (not updated since October 2006) Official MySpace Profile Category:Dutch dance music groups

Bulkhead (partition)

A bulkhead is an upright wall within the hull of a ship or within the fuselage of an aeroplane. Other kinds of partition elements within a ship are decks and deckheads. Etymology The word bulki meant "cargo" in Old Norse. Sometime in the 15th century sailors and builders in Europe realized that walls within a vessel would prevent cargo from shifting during passage. In shipbuilding, any vertical panel was called a "head". So walls installed abeam (side-to-side) in a vessel's hull were called "bulkheads". Now, the term bulkhead applies to every vertical panel aboard a ship, except for the hull itself. History Bulkhead partitions are considered to have been a feature of Chinese junks, a type of ship. Song Dynasty author Zhu Yu (fl. 12th century) wrote in his book of 1119 that the hulls of Chinese ships had a bulkhead build. The 5th-century book Garden of Strange Things by Liu Jingshu mentioned that a ship could allow water to enter the bottom without sinking. Archaeological evidence of bulkhead partitions has been found on a 24 m (78 ft) long Song Dynasty ship dredged from the waters off the southern coast of China in 1973, the hull of the ship divided into twelve walled compartmental sections built watertight, dated to about 1277. Texts written by Western writers such as Marco Polo (1254–1324), Niccolò Da Conti (1395–1469), and Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790) describe the bulkhead partitions of East Asian shipbuilding. An account of the early fifteenth century describes Indian ships as being built in compartments so that even if one part was damaged, the rest remained intact — a forerunner of the modern day watertight compartments using bulkheads. Bulkhead partitions became widespread in Western shipbuilding during the early 19th century. Benjamin Franklin wrote in a 1787 letter that "as these vessels are not to be laden with goods, their holds may without inconvenience be divided into separate apartments, after the Chinese manner, and each of these apartments caulked tight so as to keep out water." A 19th century book on shipbuilding attributes the introduction of watertight bulkheads to Charles Wye Williams, known for his steamships. Purpose Bulkheads in a ship serve several purposes: increase the structural rigidity of the vessel, divide functional areas into rooms and create watertight compartments that can contain water in the case of a hull breach or other leak. some bulkheads and decks are fire-resistance rated to achieve compartmentalisation, a passive fire protection measure; see firewall (construction). On an aircraft, bulkheads divide the cabin into multiple areas. On passenger aircraft a common application is for physically dividing cabins used for different classes of service (e.g. economy and business.) On combination cargo/ passenger, or "combi" aircraft, bulkhead walls are inserted to divide areas intended for passenger seating and cargo storage. Requirements of bulkheads Fire-resistance Openings in fire-resistance rated bulkheads and decks must be firestopped to restore the fire-resistance ratings that would otherwise be compromised, if the openings were left unsealed. The authority having jurisdiction for such measures varies depending upon the flag of the ship. Merchant vessels are typically subject to the regulations and inspections of the Coast Guards of the flag country. Combat ships are subject to the regulations set out by the navy of the country that owns the ship. Prevention of damage from EMI and EMP Bulkheads and decks of warships may be fully grounded (electrically) as a countermeasure against damage from EMI and EMP due to nuclear or electromagnetic bomb detonations near the ship, which could severely damage the vital electronic systems on a ship. In the case of firestops, cable jacketing is usually removed within the seal and firestop rubber modules are internally fitted with copper shields, which contact the cables' armour in order to ground the seal. Automotive Most passenger vehicles and some frieght vehicles will have a bulkhead which separates the engine compartment from the passenger compartment or cab; the automotive use is analagous to the nautical term in that the bulkhead is an internal wall which separates different parts of the vehicle. Some passenger vehicles (particularly sedan/saloon-type vehicles) will also have a rear bulkhead, which separates the passenger compartment from the trunk/boot. Other uses of the term The term was later applied to other vehicles, such as railroad cars, hopper cars, trams, automobiles, aircraft or spacecraft, as well as to containers, intermediate bulk containers and fuel tanks. In some of these cases bulkheads are airtight to prevent air leakage or the spread of a fire. The term may also be used for the "end walls" of bulkhead flatcars. Mechanically, a partition or panel through which connectors pass, or a connector designed to pass through a partition. In architecture the term is frequently used to denote any boxed in beam or other downstand from a ceiling and by extension even the vertical downstand face of an area of lower ceiling beyond. This usage presumably derives from experience on boats where to maintain the structural function personnel openings through bulkheads always retain a portion of the bulkhead crossing the head of the opening. Head strikes on these downstand elements are commonplace hence in architecture any overhead downstand element comes to be referred to as a bulkhead. See also References External links Britannica definition Merriam-Webster definition WIPO Bulkhead for motor vehicle Canadian Armed Forces Glossary, see Fire Zone, page 5 of 14 Det Norske Veritas Type Approval for a fire damper inside and A60 bulkhead Subject-related patent by Free Patents Online An example treatise on the use of A60 bulkheads onboard tankers. Category:Shipbuilding Category:Nautical terminology Category:Chinese inventions Category:Ship compartments

Asha Sharath

Asha Sharath is an Indian classical dancer and actress who predominantly works in Malayalam films and Malayalam TV serials. She is a well versed dancer in Bharatanatyam, Mohiniyattam, Kuchipudi, and Kathakali. She rose to fame through the TV soap Kumkumapoovu (2011–14). She's popular for her roles in the films Zachariayude Garbhinikal (2013), Drishyam (2013), Varsham (2014), Angels (2014), Papanasam (2015), King Liar (2016), Anuraga Karikkin Vellam (2016), Munthirivallikal Thalirkkumbol (2017), Pullikkaran Staraa (2017), and Bhaagamathie (2018). She won two Filmfare Awards for Best Supporting Actress for her performances in the films Drishyam and Anuraga Karikkin Vellam. She has also worked in the Tamil, Telugu and Kannada film industries. Personal life Asha Sharath was born as the daughter of V. S. Krishnan Kutty, a retired employee of Travancore Rayons and Kalamandalam Sumathi, managing director of Natyalaya School of Classical Dance. A renowned dancer, Kalamandalam Sumathi has won several awards and accolades including Sangeetha Nataka Academy Fellowship, Award from Kerala Kalamandalam and National Award from Akshaya. It was her mother who initiated Asha to the world of Indian classical dance. Asha started learning dance at the tender age of three. Her father and two brothers Balagopal and Venugopal were her biggest inspiration to become a dancer. She is graduated from Sree Sankara College Kalady Asha came to Dubai in 1995, following her marriage with T V Sharath. They have two daughters Uthara and Keerthana. They are settled in Dubai, UAE. Career Dance is a heritage bequeathed to Asha by none other than her legendary mother, Smt. Kalamandalam Sumathy. She is now an outstanding dancer among the Contemporary young Indian Classical Dancers with many accolades to her credit. Asha's first gurus in Bharatanatyam and Mohiniyattom were her mother and uncle Ravikumar. She learned Kuchipudi from Guru Vinayachandran Master and Anitha Janaki Teacher. Asha has also learned Kathakali and her gurus are the late Darpana Govindan Namboothiri, Kalanilayam Madhu and RLV Radhakrishnan. Asha came to Dubai, UAE in 1995, following her marriage with T V Sharath. The same year she joined Radio Asia FM, where she worked as an RJ and programme producer for around eight years. Asha launched her dream venture, Kairali Kalakendram, in the year 2003. Kairali Kalakendram Group, comprising centres in Ghusais, Discovery Gardens, Karama and Sharjah, is affiliated to Natyalaya, a renowned dance institute based in Kerala. This institute, established 52 years ago by Kalamandalam Sumathy, the mother and guru of Asha Sharath, is recognized by the Government of India. In addition to the branches in India, the institute also has its branches in Brazil, UK and the United States. Asha has won many awards for her exceptional achievements as a dancer. They include Swathi Thirunal Award, Akshaya Desiya Award, Kaladarpana Award and Mayilpeeli Award by Guruvayur Devaswom. In 1992, she was selected as the Best Dancer of the Year at All India University Level. Besides, she has received Gold Medal for Artistic Excellence from Maharaja of Banaras, Kalaratna Swathi Thirunal Award 2006, Kalathilakam title and Akshaya Desiya Puraskaram. Asha Sharath bagged best second actress award for the telefilm Nizhalum Nilavum Parayunnathu. Following that, she was offered the role of Prof Jayanthi in the mega serial Kunkumappoovu. That role in the popular mega serial gave a break to her acting career. Her first feature film was Friday. The other movies she has acted till now are Karmayodha, Buddy, Ardha Nari, Zachariyayude Garbhinikal, Drishyam and its Tamil version Papanasam, Kannada version Drishya, Angels, Varsham, Kamal Hassan-starred Thoongavanam, Pavada, Anuragakarikkin vellam, King Liar, Munthirivallikal thalirkkumbol, 1971 Beyond Borders, Vishwasapoorvam Mansoor, Sunday Holiday, Pullikkaran Staara and Bhaagamathie. Asha has received Asianet Film Awards for Best Supporting Actress for Pavada /Anuraga Karikkin Vellam, Won North American Film Award for Best Supporting Actress, Vanitha Film Awards for excellence in performance and Asiavision award for Best supporting actress for Pavada/AnuragaKarikkin vellam, Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress, Malayalam for Anuraga Karikkin Vellam, SIIMA Award for Best Actress – Malayalam, Anuraga Karikkin Vellam, SIIMA Award for Best Actress – Malayalam (Critics Choice) Anuraga Karikkin Vellam in 2017. Asha won Filmfare Award for the Best Supporting Actress for her role in Drishyam. She has also won awards of Jaihind TV, Amrutha TV and Asianet for her performance in the movie. Varsham has won for her Critics Award and Ramu Karyat Award for the Best Actress. In 2013, she won Best Supporting Actress Awards from both Jaihind TV and Asianet. She has received Amrita TV's Award for the Best Supporting Actress too. In 2014, she won the Asianet Film Award and Jaihind TV's award for the Best Character Artist. Asha has also been selected for the Asianet Television Award for three years consecutively and won the Golden Star of the Year Award. Besides, she has won Kerala State's Best Tele Actress Award, Asia Vision's Best Actress Award, Lohitadas Award for Best Actress, Adoor Bhasi Foundation's Best Actress Award, and Kerala Film Audience Council's Best Actress Award. Filmography Asha sharat entered the visual media through a short film 'Ente Moiteen' starring opposite to Mahesh Panchu. Films Television Awards References External links Category:Actresses in Malayalam television Category:Indian television actresses Category:People from Ernakulam district Category:Living people Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema Category:21st-century Indian actresses Category:Actresses from Kochi Category:Dancers from Kerala Category:Indian female dancers Category:21st-century Indian dancers Category:21st-century Indian women artists Category:Indian film actresses Category:Artists from Kochi Category:Women artists from Kerala Category:1971 births

Gilakeran

Gilakeran (also, Gelakeran, Geliakeran, and Gilekeran) is a village in the Astara Rayon of Azerbaijan. References Category:Populated places in Astara District

Bob File

Robert Michael File (born January 28, 1977) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. File spent three-plus seasons as a reliever for the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB) from to . He signed with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2005, retiring shortly after spring training with a back injury. File was drafted as a third baseman out of NCAA Division II, then converted to pitcher while in the Jays' farm system. File is a former pitching coach at La Salle University in Philadelphia. La Salle University competes at the NCAA Division I level in the Atlantic 10 baseball conference. Pitching style and biography File threw a 96 MPH four-seam fastball, a 91–94 MPH sinker, a 77–82 MPH slider, and a 78–80 MPH fosh (hybrid-splitfinger). Blue Jays' right-hander Bob File is one of the seven pitchers in major-league history to win a game in his first appearance while throwing five pitches or fewer. Bob File was a standout infielder at Father Judge High School in Philadelphia before becoming a pitcher for the Toronto Blue Jays. Bob File was one of the top players in the history of Philadelphia University's men's baseball program. Earned ABCA/Rawlings first-team All-American honors as a senior in 1998. Earned ECAC (East Coast Athletic Conference) Player of the Year honors as a senior in 1998. Three-time NYCAC (New York Collegiate Athletic Conference) All-Conference selection, earning Player of the Year honors in 1998. Set several school hitting records as a senior in 1998, including a .542 batting average. .542 batting average in 1998 was #1 in the country, leading all NCAA baseball. Also set single-season records with 90 hits, 63 runs, 68 RBI, 19 home runs, and 167 total bases in 1998. Is the university's all-time leader in nearly every career hitting category including runs (181), hits (296), triples (17) and home runs (37). References External links Category:1977 births Category:Living people Category:American expatriate baseball players in Canada Category:Baseball players from Pennsylvania Category:Dunedin Blue Jays players Category:Major League Baseball pitchers Category:Medicine Hat Blue Jays players Category:Philadelphia Rams baseball players Category:Sportspeople from Philadelphia Category:Syracuse SkyChiefs players Category:Tennessee Smokies players Category:Toronto Blue Jays players

Indanthrone blue

Indanthrone blue, also called indanthrene, is an organic dye made from 2-aminoanthraquinone treated with potassium hydroxide in the presence of a potassium salt. It is a pigment that can be used in the following mediums: acrylic, alkalyd, casein, encaustic, fresco, gouache, linseed oil, tempera, pastel, and watercolor painting. It is used to dye unmordanted cotton and as a pigment in quality paints and enamels. As a food dye, it has E number E130, but it is not approved for use in either the United States or the European Union. The pigment has a color index name of PB60. Indanthrene Blue RS was patented in 1901 by Rene Bohn as the first anthraquinone vat dye, one of the dyes with very good fastness to light and washing. Properties It has the appearance of blue needles with metallic luster and melting point of . It has excellent lightfastness, but may bleed in some organic solvents. References Category:Anthraquinone dyes

Triplophysa robusta

Triplophysa robusta is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa. Footnotes R Category:Fish described in 1876

Migrants and Refugees Section

The Vatican Dicastery for Integral Human Development (IHD), operational as of January 1, 2017, includes a section on Migrants and Refugees. Appalled by the conditions and treatment of great numbers of migrants, refugees, displaced and trafficked persons, Pope Francis explained to several thousand representatives of Popular Movements in the Audience Hall on 5 November 2016 that “In the department [IHD] Cardinal Peter Turkson heads, there is a section concerned with those situations. I decided that, at least for a while, that section would be directly under the Pope, because here we have a disgraceful situation that can only be described by a word that in Lampedusa came spontaneously to my lips: shame.” In mid-December, he named Michael Czerny S.J., a Canadian Jesuit, and Fabio Baggio C.S, an Italian Scalabrinian, to serve as under-secretaries of IHD to be “occupied specifically in the care of migrants and refugees.” The M&R Section's primary mission is to support the Church – locally, regionally, internationally – accompanying people at all stages of migration, especially those who are in one way or another forced to move or to flee. The Section's concern includes those who are compelled to migrate: asylum seekers, refugees, internally displaced people, as well as other international and internal migrants. It devotes particular attention to migrants who experience hardships and suffering in the countries of origin or destination or in transit: for example, people fleeing conflicts, persecutions and humanitarian emergencies (both natural and human-made), victims of human trafficking, migrants with irregular status, exploited migrant workers, and vulnerable migrant women, youth, and children. References External links Official Website Category:Catholic missions

Agnidra tigrina

Agnidra tigrina is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Hong-Fu Chu and Lin-Yao Wang in 1988. It is found in Yunnan, China. The length of the forewings is 17–19 mm. Adults are similar to Agnidra vinacea, but there are three arrow-shaped markings at the apex along both sides of the oblique postmedial line, as well as black lines on an orange ground colour. References Category:Moths described in 1988 Category:Drepaninae Category:Moths of China

Chuck Terry

Allen Charles "Chuck" Terry (born September 20, 1950) is a former American professional basketball forward. Terry was drafted by the Milwaukee Bucks in the second round of the 1972 NBA draft. He played with the team for two seasons. Following his time with the Bucks, Terry was a member of the San Antonio Spurs of the American Basketball Association until 1975. After playing another season in the ABA with the New York Nets, Terry re-joined the NBA when the Nets joined the league in 1976. References Category:1950 births Category:Living people Category:American men's basketball players Category:Basketball players at the 1971 Pan American Games Category:Basketball players from California Category:Forwards (basketball) Category:Junior college men's basketball players in the United States Category:Long Beach City College alumni Category:Long Beach State Beach men's basketball players Category:Milwaukee Bucks draft picks Category:Milwaukee Bucks players Category:New York Nets players Category:San Antonio Spurs players Category:Sportspeople from Long Beach, California

Kim Gehrig

Kim Gehrig is an Australian director whose body of work spans commercials, music videos, documentaries, short films and branded entertainment. Her notable commercial works include the This Girl Can campaign, the John Lewis Christmas advert in 2015, Stepping for Honda, Gillette's 'The Best Men Can Be' and many more for brands including IKEA, GAP, Amnesty International and Libresse. In music videos Kim has collaborated with artists such as Chaka Khan, Wiley, Calvin Harris and Basement Jaxx. Her work has won numerous awards including a UK Music Video Award and a Glass Lion at the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity. Career Gehrig was born in Sydney, Australia, and moved to London to study at Central Saint Martins, University of the Arts London. The first eight years of her career were spent as a Creative at advertising agency Mother. One of her first major works as a director was the 'You are Powerful' video for Amnesty International, released on the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. For this she won a Silver Lion at Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity 2010 and a broadcast award by the Young Director Awards. In a collaboration with Australian musician Kirin J. Callinan, Gehrig directed a video challenging toxic masculinity and pressure for men to look like bodybuilders in Australia, overlaid with Callinan covering Divine's 'You Think You're a Man'. Gehrig works for Somesuch advertising productions, who were awarded Advertising Age's 2018 Production Company of the Year for their work in promoting social justice through advertising. This Girl Can (Sport England) Gehrig directed the multi award-winning advert for the This Girl Can campaign by Sport England to encourage more women to take part in sport. The video features personal and unfiltered clips of women exercising as they would be normally. The advert was praised for its bold and empowering message, winning awards including a Glass Lion for Good at Cannes Lions 2015. Sport England estimated that an additional 2.8 million women decided to take up a sport after the advert's release. The first advert was followed by 'Phenomenal Women', showcasing women from all walks of life engaging in sport set to Maya Angelou's recital of Phenomenal Woman. Gehrig stated in 2018 that 'This Girl Can' is the video she is most proud of. Man on The Moon (John Lewis) Later in 2015 Gehrig premiered the first John Lewis Christmas advert to be directed by a woman; 'Man on The Moon'. The advert constituted part of John Lewis' partnership with Age UK to raise awareness of loneliness in the elderly, showing a lonely old man living on the moon being sent a gift by a young girl on earth. The video was set to a cover of Oasis' 'Half the World Away' by Aurora. Viva la Vulva (Libresse) Gehrig directed the award-winning 'Viva la Vulva' advert for Libresse, a celebration of the vagina and women body confidence. The video contains many items from normal life which resemble vaginas as well as puppetry and outfits resembling genitalia. It was set to the music of Camille Yarbrough's Take Yo’ Praise'.. The Best Men Can Be (Gillette) Gehrig again rose to prominence in 2019 for 'The Best Men Can Be' advertising video by razor company Gillette, which challenges its earlier tagline of "The Best a Man Can Get" and the effects of toxic masculinity. The advert was praised by some for its message against the traditional concepts of how men should be, and how this impacts mental health as well as women. However, the advert was criticised by others for its negative portrayal of men. Multiple commentators, such as Piers Morgan, were incensed by the campaign and vowed to boycott the company. Backlash from some customers, who boycotted Gillette products, lead to significant losses for Procter & Gamble. Gehrig responded to some of the criticism by saying: "The project had actually been conceived, written and edited by men. But because I’m a female director, it fitted neatly into a troll’s narrative." Music Videos Gehrig has directed numerous music videos in addition to her advertising work. She won 'Best Urban Music Video' at the 2009 UK Music Video Awards for Wiley 's 'Cash in My Pocket', and was nominated in 2018 for her music video for Chaka Khan's 'Like Suga. Personal life Gehrig has two daughters, and currently lives in the United States. Awards 2008 Thinkbox October award for 'You are Powerful' (Amnesty International). 2009 Best Urban Video for Wiley's 'Cash in My Pocket' at the UK Music Video Awards. 2010 Broadcast Award by Young Director Awards for 'You are Powerful' (Amnesty International). 2010 Silver Lion by Cannes Lions for 'You are Powerful' (Amnesty International) 2015 Top director of the year by Campaign. 2015 Most creative people of the year by Fast Company. 2015 Grand Prix at the Glass Lion for Good Awards Cannes Lions for 'This Girl Can' by Sport England. 2015 Twelve total awards, including Gold for Best Direction - Single at Creative Circle for 'This Girl Can' by Sport England. 2016 Three silver British Arrows for 'This Girl Can' by Sport England. 2016 Graphite and White D&ad Pencils for 'This Girl Can' by Sport England. 2016 Two silver and one bronze British Arrow for 'Man on the Moon' by John Lewis. 2017 Wood D&ad Pencil for 'This Girl Can: Phenomenal Women' by Sport England. 2018 Most creative advertising campaign of the year by Advertising Age for 'Viva la Vulva' by Libresse. 2018 Advert of the year by Creative Review for 'Viva la Vulva' by Libresse. 2019 Black D&AD Pencil for 'Viva La Vulva' by Libresse. References External links Kim Gehrig's personal website Category:Australian directors Category:Advertising in Australia Category:University of the Arts London Category:Alumni of Central Saint Martins Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

Electoral results for the district of Clayton

This is a list of electoral results for the Electoral district of Clayton in Victorian state elections. Members for Clayton Election results Elections in the 2010s Elections in the 2000s Elections in the 1990s Elections in the 1980s References Category:Victoria (Australia) state electoral results by district

Genomic phylostratigraphy

Genomic phylostratigraphy is a novel genetic statistical method developed in order to date the origin of specific genes by looking at its homologs across species. It was first developed by Ruđer Bošković Institute in Zagreb, Croatia. The system links genes to their founder gene, allowing us to then determine their age. This could in turn help us better understand many evolutionary processes. Method This technique relies on the assumption that the diversity of the genome is not only due to gene duplications but also to continuous frequent de novo gene births. These genes (called "founder genes") would form from non-genic DNA sequences, as well as from changes in reading frame (or other ways of arising from within existing genes), or even from very rapid evolution of the protein that would modify the sequence beyond recognition. These new genes would at first have high evolutionary rates that would then slow down with time, allowing us to recognise their lineage in their descendants. The founder genes can then be put in a specific phylostratum. The phylostratum is represented as the clade that includes all the genes that derive from the same founder gene, signifying that this gene was formed in the common ancestor of this clade (e.g. Arthropoda, Mammalia, Metazoa, etc.). Positioning these founder genes and their descendants on different phylostrata can allow us to age them. This can then be used to analyse the origin of certain functions of proteins and developmental processes on a macroevolutionary scale, by observing connections between certain genes as well. The original method for genomic phylostratigraphy involves the use of a BLAST sequence similarity search with a 10−3 E-value cut off. The genes deemed similar enough in sequence are gathered and the clade englobing all the taxa represented by those genes is determined. This clade then becomes the phylostratum of these genes. By determining the common ancestor of this clade, we can hence give an age to the founder gene and all its descendants. Applying the process on a genome-wide scale can then allow us to detect patterns of founder genes births and infer the role of certain genes involved in clade-specific developmental processes and physiological pathways, and the origin of those traits. The developers of the method gave in the original paper an example how to exploit this system in practice using Drosophila. They gathered 13,000 genes for which they determined the founder genes, regrouping them in their respective phylostrata. They also segregated the families of genes depending on whether they were mainly expressed in either of the three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm). By studying the frequencies of expression of genes in those different phylostrata, they were able to hypothetically pinpoint the possible original formation of those germ layers to specific periods and ancestral organisms in evolutionary history. Since its invention, genomic phylostratigraphy has been regularly used by this research team as well as others, notably in an attempt to determine the origin of cancer genes, seemingly showing a strong link between a peak in the formation of cancer genes and the transition to multicellular organisms, a connection which had been previously hypothesised and is hence further supported by phylostratigraphy. As its use has grown, the method has been assessed and enhanced on multiple occasions, and programs that run it automatically and more efficiently have been developed. Criticism Albeit it being now used frequently by the scientific community, genomic phylostratigraphy has also received some criticism for being too inaccurate for its measurements to be trustworthy. First of all, according to some authors precision lacks in the assumptions. It is erroneous to assume for example that all species beyond the organism of focus share the same protein evolutionary rate, which isn't true as it varies depending on cell cycle speeds, leading to problems in setting the limits of BLAST error to englobe all proteins originated from the same founder gene. Another point is that the BLAST search assumes that protein evolutionary rates is constant at all its sites, which is also false. Lastly, it could be said that the model does not account correctly for gene duplications, as well as gene losses: the changes in evolutionary rates caused by gene duplications due to new functional changes would increase BLAST error rates, and gene loss in taxa distant to the one studied could lead to great underestimations in the calculated gene age and phylostratum of founder genes compared to their true values. However, rather than demanding to simply abandon the method, critics have been trying to work at refining it from its original state, by introducing other potential mathematical formulas or sequence searching tools, although the Ruđer Bošković Institute has replied to such criticism claiming their original approach was valid and did not need to be extensively revised. This debate is also included as part of the wider discussion on the importance of de novo gene births in creating genetic diversity, in which genomic phylostratigraphy supports that they do hold a strong effect, in a way that it can only be widely accepted or refuted once the latter dilemma has been resolved. References Category:Genomics

Senator Christensen

Senator Christensen may refer to: Allen M. Christensen (born 1946), Utah State Senate Earl Christensen (1919–2015), Wyoming State Senate Leland Christensen (born 1959), Wyoming State Senate Mark R. Christensen (born 1962), Nebraska State Senate

Animafilm

Animafilm is a Romanian animation studio, located in central Bucharest. The studio was created in 1964 from the animation division of Studioul Cinematografic Bucureşti (Bucharest Cinematographic Studios). Ion Popescu-Gopo was the best-known graphic artist and animator working at Animafilm. Initially a state-owned studio, after the fall of the communist regime in 1989, Animafilm became a private company, as Animafilm S.A. The current director is Monica Hodor. In 2004, the company made a profit of 248 million lei, on revenue of 1.1 billion lei. External links "Tristeţea omuleţului lui Gopo", Săptămâna financiară, June 20, 2005 Category:1964 establishments in Romania Category:Romanian animation studios Category:Media companies established in 1964 Category:Companies based in Bucharest

Broomfield, Wiltshire

Broomfield is a hamlet in Wiltshire, England. It is in Yatton Keynell parish, about northwest of the town of Chippenham. External links Category:Hamlets in Wiltshire

Ron Egloff

Ronald Egloff (born October 3, 1955 in Garden City, Michigan) is a former American football tight end, who played eight seasons in the National Football League for the Denver Broncos and San Diego Chargers. He started his sports career at Plymouth-Salem High School in Plymouth, Michigan. Egloff played and received his varsity letters for football and basketball from 1970-73. He was not recruited by a major university, so he was a "walk-on" and played college football at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He went undrafted in the 1977 NFL draft, and visited several teams before landing a try-out with the Denver Broncos. For his rookie year, 1977-78, the Broncos won their first AFC Championship and went to Super Bowl XII in New Orleans against the Dallas Cowboys and lost, 27-10. After football, he was a partner in the restaurant Jackson Hole Sports Grill for twenty years. Ron is married to his wife Julee. They have three children: Dayton, Adam, and Elliott. Category:1955 births Category:Living people Category:Players of American football from Michigan Category:American football tight ends Category:Wisconsin Badgers football players Category:Denver Broncos players Category:San Diego Chargers players

Malthodes oregonus

Malthodes oregonus is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae. It is found in North America. References Further reading Category:Cantharidae Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Beetles described in 1943

R. C. Owens

Raleigh Climon Owens (November 12, 1934 – June 17, 2012) was a professional American football wide receiver from 1957 through 1964. Owens graduated from Santa Monica High School in Santa Monica, California, and attended the College of Idaho (where his roommate and teammate was Elgin Baylor). He played amateur basketball with the Seattle-based Buchan Bakers the year after their national championship. Owens then joined the National Football League (NFL). He had his best years playing for the San Francisco 49ers, where he was noted for his "Alley Oop" receptions of quarterback Y. A. Tittle's passes. The Alley Oop was essentially a jump ball, where Tittle would throw the ball high in the air in the end zone, and Owens would jump up and get it. The tall, long-armed Owens was known for his jumping ability; he once blocked a field goal by jumping up at the cross bar and knocking it down. The next season, "goal tending" was made illegal. Owens's best year by far was 1961, when he gained over 1,000 yards receiving. Owens played four games for the 1961-1962 San Francisco Saints of the American Basketball League. He died on June 17, 2012. References History of the Buchan Bakers Discussion of the term "alley oop" with citations of references to Owens Yahoo Sports: former 49ers receiver, executive dies at age 78 Los Angeles Times: R.C. Owens obituary Quirky Research: Palpably unfair acts quirkyresearch Category:1934 births Category:2012 deaths Category:Amateur Athletic Union men's basketball players Category:American football wide receivers Category:Baltimore Colts players Category:College of Idaho Coyotes men's basketball players Category:New York Giants players Category:San Francisco 49ers players Category:San Francisco Saints players Category:Sportspeople from Shreveport, Louisiana Category:Sportspeople from Santa Monica, California Category:Players of American football from California Category:American men's basketball players

2012 Guam national football team results

This article details the fixtures and results of the Guam national football team in 2012. Schedule Friendlies 2012 Philippine Peace Cup 2013 EAFF East Asian Cup References All results taken from See also Guam Category:Guam national football team Category:2012–13 in Guamanian football Category:2011–12 in Guamanian football

Nepean Sound

Nepean Sound is a sound on the North Coast of British Columbia, Canada. It lies north of Caamaño Sound, and separates Banks, Pitt, Campania and Trutch Islands. See also Estevan Group References Category:North Coast of British Columbia Category:Sounds of British Columbia

Charles Ferry

Charles Émile Joseph Léon Ferry (23 May 1834 – 21 July 1909) was a French politician. Younger brother of Jules Ferry, Charles Ferry was born in Saint-Dié, in the département of Vosges. Charles was a businessman, becoming involved in national politics during the Franco-Prussian War when he served in Paris as aide to Jules Favre, Vice-President of the Government of National Defence. After the war, Ferry was appointed prefect of Saône-et-Loire, then served as government commissioner in Corsica in October and November 1871, and prefect of Haute-Garonne after that until May 1873. Leaving government service, Ferry returned to business and banking. In 1881 he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Épinal. He joined his brother in the ranks of the Opportunist Republicans. He served only a single term, not standing for reelection in 1885. He was elected to the Senate in 1888, representing the Vosges department, being replaced by his brother in 1891. Charles Ferry was returned to the Chamber of Deputies in 1893, representing Saint-Dié. He was reelected in 1898 but defeated in 1902 by Edmond Gérard. Following this defeat Ferry left politics. He died in Paris. Charles Ferry's son Abel was also a politician. References Category:1834 births Category:1909 deaths Category:People from Saint-Dié-des-Vosges Category:Politicians from Grand Est Category:Opportunist Republicans Category:Progressive Republicans (France) Category:Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Category:French Senators of the Third Republic Category:Senators of Vosges (department) Category:Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Category:Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Category:Prefects of France Category:Prefects of Saône-et-Loire Category:Prefects of Corsica (department) Category:Prefects of Haute-Garonne

Perfect Crime (play)

Perfect Crime is a 1987 murder mystery/thriller play by Warren Manzi. It tells the story of Margaret Thorne Brent, a Connecticut psychiatrist and potential cold-blooded killer who may have committed "the perfect crime." When her wealthy husband, W. Harrison Brent, turns up dead, she gets caught in the middle of a terrifying game of cat and mouse with her deranged patient, Lionel McAuley, and Inspector Ascher, the handsome but duplicitous investigator assigned to the case. Perfect Crime is the longest-running play in New York City history, with over 12,000 performances. Background The play has been called "an urban legend" by The New York Times critic Jason Zinoman because of its long and storied history. Perfect Crime was originally optioned for Broadway in 1980, just after author Manzi graduated from the Yale School of Drama. At age 25, Manzi, then starring as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in Amadeus on Broadway, was the youngest American author ever to have a play optioned for Broadway. After producer Morton Gottlieb wanted to change the play's title to Guilty Hands, Manzi lost interest and went to Hollywood to write screenplays, including one of the many versions of the film Clue. The play ultimately began its life several years later in 1987, in Greenwich Village at the Courtyard Playhouse on Grove Street, produced by the Actors Collective, a not-for-profit theater company whose artistic director was Warren Manzi. Commercial producer Armand Hyatt moved the show immediately after its four-week limited run to an Off-Broadway venue. Since opening on April 18, 1987, Perfect Crime has played for more than 12,000 performances, starring Catherine Russell. It is directed by Jeffrey Hyatt. It played in several New York theaters during its early years: the 47th Street Theater the Harold Clurman Theater Theatre Four (now the Julia Miles Theater) the McGinn/Cazale Theater INTAR Theatre The show settled into a long run at the Duffy Theater at 46th Street and Broadway, in a renovated burlesque house above the former Times Square landmark, the Howard Johnson's. After that property was sold in 2005, Perfect Crime found a home at The Theater Center located at the corner of 50th Street and Broadway in Times Square, where it remains. In November 2016, Gary Busey spent two weeks in the role of Lionel. Catherine Russell The play's leading lady, Catherine Russell, has performed the role of Margaret Thorne Brent since the beginning of the play's run in 1987. She has missed only four performances (to attend her siblings' weddings). She has never taken a sick day or a vacation day. The subject of Russell's longevity has been covered by People, Playbill, Today, and Entertainment Tonight. Russell holds the world record for the most performances as a character in a play. The play had its 12,000th performance on July 16, 2016. Characters Margaret Thorne Brent, a psychiatrist Philip Reynolds, posing as W. Harrison Brent, Margaret's husband, also a psychiatrist Inspector James Ascher Lionel McAuley, a patient of Margaret's David Breuer, host of a local cable television show (appears on videotape) Plot One Sunday night, at the home of the wealthy Brents, psychiatrists living in a swanky Connecticut community, a woman shoots a man. By the time handsome detective James Ascher arrives, the body is gone. Ascher suspects the wife, Margaret Thorne Brent, a smart and sharp-tongued psychiatrist and novelist, although her patients are also suspect. One of her patients, Lionel McAuley, seeks fame as the "Baseball Bat Killer": he had previously killed his wife's lovers. During the course of his week-long investigation, more people are murdered (with a baseball bat), and Ascher finally learns the following: Margaret and her husband Harrison had been rehearsing a nightmare, for some time, with her patient Carlotta Donovan involving Carlotta's pretending to shoot and kill a man. Six months ago, Harrison, during one of these role playing therapy sessions, committed suicide by putting real bullets in the gun he gave to Carlotta. Realizing that she had just killed Harrison, Carlotta also committed suicide. When Margaret returned home to find the dead bodies, she hid Harrison's body the fireplace brickwork and, after disfiguring Carlotta's dead body to disguise its identity, sank it in Scotty's Pond. Knowing that Harrison's huge fortune would devolve to his family in England upon his death, she quickly arranged for a former lover, Phillip Reynolds, to impersonate Harrison until she could transfer all of his accounts. During Ascher's investigation, Reynolds kills Mrs. Johaneston, the cook, when she realizes that he is an imposter. Margaret's patient McAuley takes credit for the murders of Harrison and Carlotta and then Mrs. Johaneston. Nevertheless, Reynolds also kills McAuley, because McAuley witnessed Phillip and Margaret enter Mrs. Johaneston's apartment on the night of her murder. Believing that Margaret was falling in love with Ascher, the insanely jealous Reynolds, after beating McAuley to death, flees to England, leaving Margaret in the house with the dead body lying in her office as the police arrive. Ascher also finds, to everyone's surprise, that Margaret was Carlotta's birth mother, that Carlotta had tracked down Margaret and become Harrison's lover. It is not clear whether her birth father was Harrison or Reynolds. Carlotta had hoped to work her way into the Brent's lives, angry at her English upbringing by a sexually abusive adoptive father rather than by the wealthy Brents. When Margaret finds out that Carlotta was her daughter and that she will be arrested as an accessory to the murders of Mrs. Johaneston and McAuley, she tries to commit suicide, but Ascher has filled her gun with blanks. A key clue to Ascher's finding Harrison's body in the fireplace is a painting on the fireplace brickwork that Ascher realizes was altered when the bricks were replaced in the wrong order. Nevertheless, Ascher and Margaret seem to be falling in love. Because of the complexity, a two-page Perfect Crime answer sheet is available at the end of the performance. See also Line, an Off-Off-Broadway play running since 1974 References External links Review by D. J. R. Bruckner, The New York Times, July 1, 1987 Podcast interview with Catherine Russell Gary Busey to Make Off-Broadway Debut, Broadway World "Perfect Crime Makes Perfect Buck", New York Business Journal Warren Manzi obituary, The New York Times Category:1987 plays Category:Off-Broadway plays Category:Thriller plays Category:American plays

Piloleiomyoma

Piloleiomyomas are a cutaneous condition that present as dermal reddish-brown, pink or skin-colored papules or nodules that can be solitary or multiple. See also Palisaded encapsulated neuroma List of cutaneous conditions References Category:Dermal and subcutaneous growths

Aleksandr Galimov (footballer)

Aleksandr Mikhailovich Galimov (; born 9 February 2000) is a Russian football player who played for FC Ural Yekaterinburg. Club career He made his debut in the Russian Professional Football League for FC Ural-2 Yekaterinburg on 10 October 2018 in a game against FC Syzran-2003. On 5 July 2019, Galimov joined FC Pyunik on loan. References External links Category:2000 births Category:Living people Category:Russian footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:FC Ural Yekaterinburg players Category:FC Pyunik players Category:Armenian Premier League players Category:Russian expatriate footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in Armenia

Spring of Youth (Taiwan)

The Spring of Youth () is an old water source in Changhua City, Changhua County, Taiwan. It used to be the slow-filtered and fresh water ponds of the old water source for the city. History In its early time, the water source of the place was abundant and endless, thus earning itself the name the Spring of Youth. Architecture There are two porticoes in front of the ponds built in decorative elements of renaissance style. They are engraved with the words Spring of Youth and Sweet Dew from Genius Loci. Transportation The spring is accessible south east from Changhua Station of Taiwan Railways. See also List of tourist attractions in Taiwan References Category:Buildings and structures in Changhua County Category:Tourist attractions in Changhua County Category:Water supply and sanitation in Taiwan

Tony de la Rosa

Antonio de la Rosa (October 31, 1931, Sarita, Texas – 2004) was an influential tejano musician. He was noted for producing dynamic and harmonic accordion runs on the two-row button accordion. Biography De la Rosa's recording session took place in 1949 for Arco Records of Alice, Texas. De la Rosa introduced several important innovations into conjunto music, including the practice of slowing polka tempos down to 110–115 beats per minute, as well as the use of amplified bajo sexto and bass. He was hired by Ideal Records in the early 1950s to be their staff accordionist. He left Ideal in 1955 in order to lead his own band. References Category:1931 births Category:2004 deaths Category:People from Kenedy County, Texas Category:Tejano musicians Category:American accordionists

Massingberd

Massingberd is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Emily Langton Massingberd (1847–1897), English women's rights campaigner and temperance activist Francis Charles Massingberd (1800–1872), English churchman, writer, chancellor of Lincoln diocese Hugh Massingberd (1946–2007), English journalist and genealogist Sir William Massingberd, 3rd Baronet (1677–1723), English political figure See also Massingberd baronets, a title in the Baronetage of England Archibald Montgomery-Massingberd (1871-1947), British field marshal and Chief of the Imperial General Staff

List of Wildflower characters

Wildflower is a Philippine revenge drama television series starring Maja Salvador, together with an ensemble cast. The series premiered on ABS-CBN's Primetime Bida evening block and worldwide on The Filipino Channel on February 13, 2017 to February 9, 2018. The story revolves around Lily Cruz, a girl whose parents were murdered by the Ardiente family. She vows revenge against the family, and plots several schemes in orchestrating the downfall of the Ardiente family. She introduces herself as Ivy Aguas, a billionaire, and penetrates the Ardiente family. In addition, Wildflower also chronicles Lily Cruz and Diego Torillo, childhood best friends whose love is intertwined with the Ardiente family. They try to love each other despite the chaos of the family. Cast and characters Main Supporting Recurring Guest Special guest References Category:Wildflower Category:Lists of Philippine television series characters Category:Lists of drama television characters Category:Lists of soap opera characters by series

Battle of San Cala

The Battle of San Cala (or of Sancala or San Calá), fought in the present-day Minas Department, Córdoba, Argentina, on January 9, 1842, between Unitarian forces and Federalists, who under the command of General Ángel Pacheco, prevented the expansion of the Unitarian Coalition of the North into the provinces of the Cuyo. Prelude After the failure of Juan Lavalle's campaign to invade the province of Buenos Aires, this Unitarian general moved to the province of Santa Fe and, from there, retreated toward the province of Córdoba. But a misunderstanding with the forces under the command of General Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid caused Lavalle to suffer a terrible defeat at the Battle of Quebracho Herrado. Not considering themselves to be sufficiently strong in Córdoba, both generals agreed to retire toward the northern Argentine provinces, which were securely in the Unitarian camp. At the same time, they sent two secondary columns to seize other provinces. One of these, under the command of Mariano Acha, was defeated in its attempt to take the province of Santiago del Estero. The second column was placed under the command of Colonel José María Vilela. The best of Lavalle's troops composed this column, and their mission was to support the Unitarian revolutionaries who were, it was thought, ready to rise in the provinces of San Luis and Mendoza. The Surprise of San Cala As this second column headed to the Valley of Traslasierra, and near the Indian village of Sancala (near present-day San Carlos Minas, Córdoba), a division of Federalist cavalry sent under the command of General Ángel Pacheco in pursuit of the Unitarian column were rapidly closing in on it. Overly confident, Vilela had secured all his men in a huge corral surrounded by high stone walls, and he let them spend the night there without the vigilance of effective sentries. Pacheco arrived in the vicinity of the corral at night; as his forces were inferior in numbers to those of his enemy, he decided to trust in surprise to gain a victory: Pacheco attacked at midnight, with his cavalry in column and through the only entrance into the corral. There was a slaughter with most of Vilela's soldiers perishing. Aftermath As the battle ended, Colonel Vilela himself had to flee through the desert toward Catamarca. He would fight in the battle of Famaillá, the final defeat of General Lavalle's Unitarian forces, and together with Marco Avellaneda, the governor of the province of Tucumán, would be executed by Federalist firing squad at Metán. General Pacheco would go on to organize a powerful Federalist army, with which he undertook a new campaign in Cuyo. In September 1842, at the battle of Rodeo del Medio, he would destroy the forces under General Lamadrid, last of the forces of the Coalition of the North, assuring the absolute dominion of the Federalist party in Argentina for another ten years. The village of San Cala itself must be mentioned. Its inhabitants, strongly affected by the bloody battle and with their cemetery full of the bodies of the men killed in that battle, in the following years moved to a place a short distance away, the present village of San Carlos or San Carlos Minas. The village of San Cala was deserted from then on and remains so today. Category:Battles of the Argentine Civil War Category:1842 in Argentina Category:January 1842 events Category:Conflicts in 1842

Bud Shank discography

Clifford Everett "Bud" Shank, Jr. (May 27, 1926 – April 2, 2009) was an American alto saxophonist and flautist. He had an extensive career, releasing albums in seven different decades. As leader 1954 The Compositions of Shorty Rogers (Nocturne) 1954 Bud Shank and Three Trombones (Pacific) 1955 The Saxophone Artistry of Bud Shank 1955 Bud Shank – Shorty Rogers – Bill Perkins (Pacific Jazz) 1955 Bud Shank and Bob Brookmeyer (Pacific Jazz) 1956 The Bud Shank Quartet (Pacific Jazz) 1956 Live at the Haig (Candid) 1956 Flute 'n Oboe (Pacific Jazz) 1956 Jazz at Cal-Tech (Pacific Jazz) 1956 Theme Music from "The James Dean Story" (World Pacific) 1956 Strings & Trombones (Pacific Jazz) 1957 Jazz Swings Broadway (Pacific Jazz) 1958 I'll Take Romance (World Pacific/Toshiba EMI) 1958 Misty Eyes (West Wind) 1958 The Swing's to TV (Pacific Jazz/Toshiba EMI) 1958 Bud Shank and Bill Perkins (Blue Note) 1958 Bud Shank in Africa (Pacific Jazz) 1959 Holiday in Brazil (World Pacific/Ubatuqui) 1959 Blowin' Country (World Pacific/Blue Note) 1959 Latin Contrasts (World Pacific) 1960 Bud Shank Plays Tenor (Pacific Jazz/Toshiba EMI) 1960 Slippery When Wet (World Pacific) 1960 Flute 'n Alto (World Pacific) 1961 Barefoot Adventure (Pacific Jazz) 1961 New Groove (Pacific Jazz) 1961 The Talents of Bud Shank (Kimberly) 1961 Swinging Broadway (Kimberly) 1962 Bossa Nova Jazz Samba (Pacific Jazz) 1962 Improvisations (EMI Angel/Angel) 1963 Brasamba! (Pacific Jazz) 1963 Folk 'n Flute (World Pacific) 1965 Bud Shank & His Brazilian Friends (Pacific Jazz) 1966 Bud Shank & the Sax Section (Pacific Jazz) 1966 Michelle (World Pacific/EMI Japan) 1966 Girl in Love (World Pacific) 1966 Flute, Oboe and Strings (World Pacific) 1966 California Dreamin' (EMI Japan) 1967 Brazil! Brazil! Brazil! 1967 Bud Shank Plays Music from Today's Movies (World Pacific) 1967 A Spoonful of Jazz (World Pacific) 1968 Magical Mystery (World Pacific/EMI Japan) 1970 Let It Be (World Pacific) 1976 Sunshine Express (Concord Jazz) 1978 Heritage (Concord Jazz) 1979 Crystal Comments (Concord Jazz) 1980 Explorations (Concord Jazz) 1983 Yesterday, Today and Forever (Concord Jazz) with Shorty Rogers 1984 This Bud's for You... (Muse/32 Jazz) 1985 California Concert (Contemporary) with Shorty Rogers 1986 That Old Feeling (Contemporary) 1986 Bud Shank Quartet at Jazz Alley (Contemporary) 1986 Serious Swingers (Contemporary) with Bill Perkins 1987 Quiet Fire (Contemporary) with Frank Morgan [released 1991] 1989 Tomorrow's Rainbow (Contemporary) 1990 Tales of the Pilot: Bud Shank Plays the Music of David Peck (Capri) 1990 Lost in the Stars: Bud Shank and Lou Levy Play the Sinatra Songbook (Fresh Sound) 1990 Drifting Timelessly (Capri) 1991 The Doctor Is In (Candid) 1992 I Told You So (Candid) 1992 The Awakening (New Edition/ Vertriebsges.mb) 1995 New Gold (Candid) 1995 Lost Cathedral (Itm) 1996 Plays the Music of Bill Evans (Fresh Sound) 1996 Bud Shank Sextet Plays Harold Arlen (Jimco) 1997 Jazz in Hollywood (Original Jazz Classics) 1997 By Request: Bud Shank Meets the Rhythm Section (Muse/Milestone) 1998 A Flower Is a Lovesome Thing (Koch) 1999 After You Jeru (Fresh Sound) 2000 Silver Storm (Raw) 2002 Plays Tenor (Toshiba) 2002 On the Trail (Raw) 2003 Cool Fool (Fresh Sound) 2005 Bouncing with Bud and Phil (Capri) 2006 Taking the Long Way Home (Jazzed Media) 2006 Brazilliance, Vol. 1/Concert Creations for Guitar (FiveFour) 2007 Beyond the Red Door (Jazzed Media) 2009 Fascinating Rhythms (Jazzed Media) 2011 In Good Company (Capri) As sideman With Chet Baker Witch Doctor (Contemporary, 1953 [1985]) The Trumpet Artistry of Chet Baker (Pacific Jazz, 1954) Chet Baker & Strings (Columbia, 1954) Chet Baker Sings and Plays (Pacific Jazz, 1955) Chet Baker Big Band (Pacific Jazz, 1956) Theme Music from "The James Dean Story" (World Pacific, 1957) With Elmer Bernstein The Man with the Golden Arm (Decca, 1956) With Buddy Bregman Swinging Kicks (Verve, 1957) With The Charlie Byrd Trio Brazilville (1981) With Gene Clark Roadmaster (1972) Firebyrd (1984) With Nat King Cole L-O-V-E (Capitol, 1965) With Buddy Collette Buddy Collette's Swinging Shepherds (EmArcy, 1958) At the Cinema! (Mercury, 1959) With Ron Elliott The Candlestickmaker (1970) With Maynard Ferguson Maynard Ferguson's Hollywood Party (EmArcy, 1954) Dimensions (EmArcy, 1955) Around the Horn with Maynard Ferguson (EmArcy, 1956) With Clare Fischer Extension (Pacific Jazz, 1963) With Jimmy Giuffre Jimmy Giuffre (Capitol, 1955) The Jimmy Giuffre Clarinet (Atlantic, 1956) Herb Ellis Meets Jimmy Giuffre (Verve, 1959; with Herb Ellis With Richard "Groove" Holmes Six Million Dollar Man, (RCA/Flying Dutchman, 1975) With Stan Kenton Innovations in Modern Music (Capitol, 1950) Stan Kenton Presents (Capitol, 1950) Popular Favorites by Stan Kenton (Capitol, 1953) This Modern World (Capitol, 1953) The Kenton Era (Capitol, 1940–54, [1955]) Lush Interlude (Capitol, 1958) Stan Kenton Conducts the Los Angeles Neophonic Orchestra (Capitol, 1965) Hair (Capitol, 1969) With Barney Kessel Easy Like (Contemporary, 1953) With The Mamas & the Papas California Dreamin' (RCA Victor, 1965) With Shelly Manne The West Coast Sound (Contemporary, 1955) Manne–That's Gershwin! (Capitol, 1965) Daktari (Atlantic, 1967) With Sérgio Mendes Brasil '65 (1965) With Hugo Montenegro Colours of Love (1970) With Gerry Mulligan Gene Norman Presents the Original Gerry Mulligan Tentet and Quartet (GNP, 1953 [1997]) I Want to Live (United Artists, 1958) With Oliver Nelson Skull Session (Flying Dutchman, 1975) With Harry Nilsson Duit on Mon Dei (1975) With Jack Nitzsche Heart Beat (Soundtrack) (Capitol, 1980) 1959) With Anita O'Day Cool Heat (Verve, 1959)With Patti Page In the Land of Hi-Fi (EmArcy, 1956)With Shorty Rogers Cool and Crazy (RCA Victor, 1953) Shorty Rogers Courts the Count (RCA Victor, 1954) Collaboration (RCA Victor, 1954) with André Previn Martians Come Back! (Atlantic, 1955 [1956]) Way Up There (Atlantic, 1955 [1957]) Afro-Cuban Influence (RCA Victor, 1958) Chances Are It Swings (RCA Victor, 1958) The Wizard of Oz and Other Harold Arlen Songs (RCA Victor, 1959) Shorty Rogers Meets Tarzan (MGM, 1960) The Swingin' Nutcracker (RCA Victor, 1960) An Invisible Orchard (RCA Victor, 1961 [1997]) The Fourth Dimension in Sound (Warner Bros., 1961) Bossa Nova (Reprise, 1962) Jazz Waltz (Reprise, 1962)With Pete RugoloIntroducing Pete Rugolo (Columbia, 1954) Adventures in Rhythm (Columbia, 1954) Rugolomania (Columbia, 1955) New Sounds by Pete Rugolo (Harmony, 1954–55, [1957]) Out on a Limb (EmArcy, 1956) An Adventure in Sound: Reeds in Hi-Fi (Mercury, 1956 [1958]) Rugolo Plays Kenton (EmArcy, 1958) The Music from Richard Diamond (EmArcy, 1959) Behind Brigitte Bardot (Warner Bros., 1960) The Original Music of Thriller (Time, 1961) 10 Saxophones and 2 Basses (Mercury, 1961)With Boz Scaggs Silk Degrees (1976)With Lalo Schifrin Music from Mission: Impossible (Dot, 1967) There's a Whole Lalo Schifrin Goin' On (Dot, 1968) More Mission: Impossible (Paramount, 1968) Mannix (Paramount, 1968) Bullitt (soundtrack) (Warner Bros., 1968) Che! (soundtrack) (Tetragrammaton, 1969) Kelly's Heroes (soundtrack) (MGM, 1970)With Ravi Shankar Improvisations (World Pacific, 1962)With Gábor Szabó and Bob Thiele Light My Fire (Impulse!, 1967)With Gerald Wilson Moment of Truth (Pacific Jazz, 1962) Portraits (Pacific Jazz, 1964) On Stage (Pacific Jazz, 1965)With Julie London' All Through the Night: Julie London Sings the Choicest of Cole Porter'' (Liberty, 1965) References Category:Discographies of American artists Category:Jazz discographies

Justin Sedlák

Justin Sedlák (born 14 January 1955) is a Slovak basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics. References Category:1955 births Category:Living people Category:Slovak men's basketball players Category:Olympic basketball players of Czechoslovakia Category:Basketball players at the 1976 Summer Olympics Category:People from Zlaté Moravce District

Involutory matrix

In mathematics, an involutory matrix is a matrix that is its own inverse. That is, multiplication by matrix A is an involution if and only if A2 = I. Involutory matrices are all square roots of the identity matrix. This is simply a consequence of the fact that any nonsingular matrix multiplied by its inverse is the identity. Examples The 2 × 2 real matrix is involutory provided that The Pauli matrices in M(2,C) are involutory: One of the three classes of elementary matrix is involutory, namely the row-interchange elementary matrix. A special case of another class of elementary matrix, that which represents multiplication of a row or column by −1, is also involutory; it is in fact a trivial example of a signature matrix, all of which are involutory. Some simple examples of involutory matrices are shown below. where I is the identity matrix (which is trivially involutory); R is an identity matrix with a pair of interchanged rows; S is a signature matrix. Any block-diagonal matrices constructed from involutory matrices will also be involutory, as a consequence of the linear independence of the blocks. Symmetry An involutory matrix which is also symmetric is an orthogonal matrix, and thus represents an isometry (a linear transformation which preserves Euclidean distance). Conversely every orthogonal involutory matrix is symmetric. As a special case of this, every reflection matrix is an involutory. Properties The determinant of an involutory matrix over any field is ±1. If A is an n × n matrix, then A is involutory if and only if ½(A + I) is idempotent. This relation gives a bijection between involutory matrices and idempotent matrices. If A is an involutory matrix in M(n, ℝ), a matrix algebra over the real numbers, then the subalgebra {x I + y A: x,y ∈ ℝ} generated by A is isomorphic to the split-complex numbers. If A and B are two involutory matrices which commute with each other then AB is also involutory. If A is an involutory matrix then every integer power of A is involutory. In fact, An will be equal to A if n is odd and I if n is even. See also Affine involution References Category:Matrices

Chitado

Chitado is a town and commune of Angola, located in the province of Cunene. See also Communes of Angola References Category:Populated places in Cunene Province Category:Communes in Cunene Province

Gruszka Zaporska

Gruszka Zaporska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radecznica, within Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately north of Radecznica, west of Zamość, and south of the regional capital Lublin. References Gruszka Zaporska

Mouhammad Alammar

Dr Mouhammad Alammar () is a leading nonviolence advocate, physician, Muslim preacher, writer and Syrian opposition figure. Biography Born in the village of Namar in Daraa Governorate on February 2, 1962, Dr Mouhammad Alammar is a practicing physician with an MD degree from Tishreen University, Syria. He served as a volunteer in Namar's Omar Ibn Alkhatab mosque, giving sermons there for five years, 1993 to 1998. He also has lectured at cultural centers and in conferences inside Syria and abroad. He describes himself as “a Syrian physician accused of an interest in philosophy, history, religion, and humanism; an intellectual who feels a responsibility to make his world a more enlightened and a better place, drawn toward the achievements and discoveries of mankind in nature, psychology, and sociology.” He is a signatory to The Damascus Declaration. He is a member of the National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change. Dr Alammar was detained twice by Syrian Military Intelligence in 2011 and was detained again on the 20th of March 2012, he is currently in prison. References Category:Syrian physicians Category:Syrian democracy activists Category:Syrian dissidents Category:Living people Category:1962 births

Henry Ridgely Warfield

Henry Ridgely Warfield (September 14, 1774 – March 18, 1839) was a U.S. Representative from Maryland. He was born in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, at the 1300-acre property "Bushy Park". He was the son of Charles Alexander Warfield and Eliza Ridgely, and grandson of Maj. Henry Ridgely. His father, Dr. Warfield (1751–1813), was an originator of the medical school of the University of Maryland, and as a member of the Whig club, set fire to the Peggy Stewart at Annapolis, Maryland, destroying her cargo of tea. He held several local offices. He later settled in Frederick, Maryland, and was elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1819 to March 3, 1825 as a Federalist representative. He died in Frederick. References Category:1774 births Category:1839 deaths Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Maryland Category:Politicians from Frederick, Maryland Category:Maryland Federalists Category:Federalist Party members of the United States House of Representatives

Lake Kanasatka

Lake Kanasatka is a lake located in Carroll County in the Lakes Region of central New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Moultonborough. Early maps refer to this pristine lake as Long Pond, presumably because of its long and narrow shape. The lake is located one-half mile north of and nine vertical feet higher than Lake Winnipesaukee. The lake is classified as a warmwater fishery and contains largemouth and smallmouth bass, chain pickerel, white perch, yellow perch, sunfish, and brown bullhead. The lake has about 180 homes, the Kilnwood Homeowners Association development comprising 29 homes with a shared waterfront. Lake Kanasatka also has two residential summer camps, Camp Quinebarge and Camp Hawkeye, both on the northern shore of the lake. Lake Kanasatka is an oligotrophic lake, with high water clarity and scattered emergent plants. See also List of lakes in New Hampshire References Category:Lakes of Carroll County, New Hampshire Category:Lakes of New Hampshire

Shaked

Shaked (, lit. Almond) is a secular Israeli settlement in the northern West Bank. Located near the Green Line, it is organised as a community settlement and falls under the jurisdiction of Shomron Regional Council. In it had a population of . The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this. History The settlement was established in June 1981 by the Mishkei Herut Beitar organization, after the first ten homes were complete. It was named for the wild almond trees that grow in the area. In 2006, Israeli Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz cited Shaked as one of the settlements that would be included in Israel's final borders under a peace plan with the Palestinians. In 2011, a resident of Shaked, 15-year-old Shahar Sagi, won a silver medal in the Loralux international judo competition in Luxembourg. References External links Official website Category:Israeli settlements Category:Populated places established in 1981 Category:1981 establishments in the Israeli Military Governorate

Rudra Mohammad Shahidullah

Rudra Mohammad Shahidullah (16 October 1956 – 21 June 1991) was a Bangladeshi poet noted for his revolutionary and romantic poetry. He is considered as one of the leading Bengali poets of the 1970s. He received Munir Chaudhury Memorial Award in 1980. Shahidullah is most notable for the song Bhalo Achi Bhalo Theko. The song was later used in various Bengali movies and television dramas. Early life and education Shahidullah was born on 16 October 1956 in Barisal to Shiria Begum and Sheikh Waliullah. He was a student of Dhaka West End School. From this school he passed Secondary School Certificate (SSC) in 1973 and Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSC) in 1975. Then got his masters from the University of Dhaka in 1983. Literary works Collection of poems Upodruto Upokul (1979) Firey Chai Swarno Gram (1981) Manusher Manchitra (1984) Chhobolo (1986) Galpa (1987) Diyechhilo Shokol Akash (1988) Moulik Mukhosh (1990) Poems Short stories Sonali Shishir Play Bish Briksher Bij Awards 1980: Munier Choudhury Memorial Award 1997: Bangladesh Chalachitra Sangbadik Samity award (posthumous) for the poem Amar Bhitor Bahire Ontore Ontore Rudra Mela Rudra Smriti Sangsad organises an annual fair named Rudra Mela, in memory of poet Rudro Mohammad Shahidullah. References Category:1956 births Category:1991 deaths Category:People from Bagerhat District Category:Bangladeshi male poets Category:20th-century poets Category:20th-century male writers

National Stadium (Tanzania)

Tanzania National Main Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. It opened in 2007 and was built adjacent to Uhuru Stadium, the former national stadium. It hosts major football matches such as the Tanzanian Premier League and home matches of the Tanzania national football team. With 60,000 seats it is the eleventh largest stadium in Africa and the largest stadium in Tanzania. It is owned by the Tanzanian Government. The stadium was built by Beijing Construction Engineering Group at a cost of $56 million. A capacity crowd attended the first derby between Simba S.C. and Young Africans S.C. at the stadium in Dar es-Salaam 2008. Both clubs mostly draw low attendances for their other league matches. History In 2000, President Benjamin Mkapa promised to build a state of the art stadium before the end of his tenure in 2005; saying that it was shameful for the country not to have a modern arena. In January 2003, the government announced a tender for the construction of a new stadium to replace the dilapidated Uhuru Stadium. Sports Minister Juma Kapuya said that the government had set a budget of $60 million and eleven companies had bid for the project. In 2004, Vinci Construction, a French company won the tender with a bid of $154 million. Under pressure from the Bretton Woods Institutions, Tanzania reluctantly abandoned the project as it had received debt relief under the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Program. Deborah Brautigam in her book The Dragon's Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa writes, "To the Bretton Woods Institutions, building a modern stadium in a poor country with an annual per capita income of $330 seemed a bit like the Romans building a new Coliseum with the barbarians camped outside the city wall." In June 2004, Foreign Minister Jakaya Kikwete signed a $56 million contract with the Chinese Government, who provided a grant of about $20 million. A Chinese Embassy official described it as a "special aid project". Beijing Construction Engineering Group was awarded the contract. The International Monetary Fund objected that the cost had not been included in the country's annual Public Expenditure Review to its major donors. In June 2006, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao paid a visit to the construction site. The Daily News reported that Tanzania contributed TSh 25 billion of the total cost of TSh 56.4 billion. In September 2007, the stadium hosted the Group 7 qualifying match between Taifa Stars and the Mozambican team for the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations. The stadium also hosted the first EPL team match in the African continent when Everton played Kenya's Gor Mahia on July 13, 2017. It served as the end point for the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay in Dar es Salaam. Tanzania was the torch's only stop on the African continent. The stadium was inaugurated by Chinese President Hu Jintao and Tanzanian President Jakaya Kikwete during the former's state visit to Tanzania in February 2009. Following the 2011 Dar es Salaam explosions at an army base, at least 4,000 people sought shelter at the stadium. China formally handed over the Phase I of the complex in July 2013.The stadium in Dar es-Salaam has hosted friendly matches with notable football teams across the world such as Brazil National Team, Everton and Sevilla Stadium It has five main entrances, a car park for 600 vehicles, 114 closed-circuit television cameras, a VIP lounge and an extendable roof. The pitch size, as lined for association football, is 105m long by 68 metres wide. Future expansion Phase Two of the project will entail the construction of an indoor stadium, warm-up ground and a sports village/college. See also Stadium diplomacy References External links Have your say, BBC Tanzania's New National Stadium and the Rhetoric of Development by Steve Sortijas Tanzania Category:Football venues in Tanzania Category:Athletics (track and field) venues in Tanzania Category:Sports venues completed in 2007 Category:Sport in Dar es Salaam Category:Multi-purpose stadiums in Tanzania Category:Buildings and structures in Dar es Salaam Category:China–Tanzania relations Category:Chinese foreign aid Category:2007 establishments in Tanzania Category:Simba S.C.

The Children's Guild

The Children's Guild founded in 1953, is an affiliate of The Children's Guild Alliance, a nonprofit organization serving children, families and child-serving organizations throughout Maryland and Washington, D.C., and dedicated to “Transforming how America Cares for and Educates its Children and Youth.” The Children's Guild operates evidence-based behavioral health and child welfare programs, public charter and special education schools, and a national training and consulting program. The president and CEO since 1994 is Dr. Andrew L. Ross, Ph.D., LCSW-C. The Children's Guild Alliance also includes Monarch Academy charter and contract schools, TranZed Academy for Working Students, Transformation Education Institute, the National At Risk Education Network, TranZed Conference Center, The National Children's Guild Fund, TranZed Apprenticeship Services and the Monarch Preschool College Park. The Children Guild is one of the largest providers of special education, group living, treatment foster care and family mental health services in the state of Maryland. The Children's Guild's programs are guided by Transformation Education, an organizational philosophy that fosters a culture of flexibility. This culture creates management and staff who are agile thinkers. This assures children are treated as individuals and taught the way they learn best. Dr. Ross, president & CEO of The Children's Guild and The Children's Guild Alliance, is also the co-founder of Transformation Education and the Transformation Education Institute, which provides innovative ideas and makes the latest developments in neuroscience accessible to teachers, social workers, parents and employees of child-serving organizations all over the U.S. and several foreign countries. A seasoned executive and visionary in the fields of education, group care and mental health settings, child welfare and family services, Dr. Ross has established six charter schools and has co-authored two books and numerous journal articles pertaining to the treatment of emotionally troubled children and the management of organizations designed to serve disadvantaged children. Amongst his honors, he received an Innovator of the Year Award and a Corporate Culture Award in Baltimore for developing the Transformation Education philosophy and an Innovator of the Year Award from the National Association of Private Special Education Centers for his work in special education. He is past president of the Towsontowne Rotary Club and Foundation. Dr. Ross has a Ph.D. and MSSA from Case Western Reserve University School of Applied Social Science in Cleveland, Ohio and a B.A. in Psychology from Theil College, in Greenville, PA. Another organization of the same name is based in Buffalo, New York. References External links The Children's Guild (Baltimore) website The Children's Guild (Buffalo, New York) website Category:Education in Maryland Category:Special schools in the United States

Blizzard of Souls (film)

Blizzard of Souls () is a 2019 Latvian historical drama directed by Dzintars Dreibergs. It premiered on 8 November 2019 in Latvia and on 20 February 2020 internationally at the European Film Market. The film is an adaptation of Aleksandrs Grīns' novel of the same name written during his service as a Latvian Rifleman in World War I. During the first five weeks of screening the film was seen by more than 200,000 people, making it the most-watched film since the restoration of Latvian independence. Plot After losing his mother and home sixteen-year-old Artūrs decides to join the national battalions of the Imperial Russian army in hopes of finding glory. He goes on to fight in World War I, where he loses his father and brother and quickly becomes disillusioned. Eventually, Artūrs returns to his newly-proclaimed country of Latvia to start everything from scratch. Awards and nominations Trivia Former Minister of Defence Raimonds Bergmanis had a cameo appearance in the film, while the current Minister of Defence Artis Pabriks appeared as an extra. References External links Official website Trailer of the film Category:2019 films Category:2010s drama films Category:Latvian films Category:Latvian drama films Category:Latvian-language films Category:World War I films

Le Caylar

Le Caylar, also known as Le-Caylar-en-Larzac, is a commune in the Hérault department in southern France. Population See also Communes of the Hérault department References INSEE Category:Communes of Hérault

1953–54 Cypriot Cup

The 1953–54 Cypriot Cup was the 17th edition of the Cypriot Cup. A total of 18 clubs entered the competition. It began on 8 May 1954 with the first preliminary round and concluded on 27 June 1954 with the final which was held at GSP Stadium. Çetinkaya Türk won their 2nd Cypriot Cup trophy after beating Pezoporikos 2–1 in the final. Format In the 1953–54 Cypriot Cup, participated the 9 teams of the Cypriot First Division and the 9 teams of the Cypriot Second Division. The First Division teams and the two winners of each group of Second Division began from first round. The rest 5 teams of Second Division played three preliminary rounds and the winner participated to the first round. The draw between the five teams took place so that in the third qualifying round a team from each group would participated. The competition consisted of seven knock-out rounds. In all rounds each tie was played as a single leg and was held at the home ground of the one of the two teams, according to the draw results. Each tie winner was qualifying to the next round. If a match was drawn, extra time was following. If extra time was drawn, there was a replay match. First preliminary round Second preliminary round Third preliminary round First round Quarter-finals Semi-finals 1Nea Salamis were the first second division club to reach the semifinals. Final Sources Bibliography See also Cypriot Cup 1953–54 Cypriot First Division Category:Cypriot Cup seasons Category:1953–54 domestic association football cups Category:1953–54 in Cypriot football

The Natural (film)

The Natural is a 1984 American sports film based on Bernard Malamud's 1952 novel of the same name, directed by Barry Levinson and starring Robert Redford, Glenn Close, and Robert Duvall. Like the book, the film recounts the experiences of Roy Hobbs, an individual with great "natural" baseball talent, spanning the decades of Roy's career. It was the first film produced by TriStar Pictures. The film was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Supporting Actress (Close), and it was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress (Kim Basinger). Many of the baseball scenes were filmed in 1983 at War Memorial Stadium in Buffalo, New York, built in 1937 and demolished in 1988. All-High Stadium, also in Buffalo, stood in for Chicago's Wrigley Field in a key scene. Plot In 1910s Nebraska, young Roy Hobbs learns to play baseball from his father, who suffers an early fatal heart attack near an oak tree. When lightning strikes that same tree, splintering it, Hobbs makes a baseball bat from the wood, burning a lightning bolt and the name “Wonderboy” into the barrel. Now 19 years old, Hobbs heads to Chicago for a tryout with the Chicago Cubs, leaving behind his girlfriend, Iris. En route on the train, he meets legendary ballplayer the “Whammer” and sportswriter Max Mercy. On a stopover at a carnival, Hobbs wins a bet to strike out Whammer on three pitches. The feat catches the attention of Harriet Bird, a mysterious woman also traveling on the train who was previously fawning over Whammer. In Chicago, Harriet invites Hobbs to her hotel room. She asks if Hobbs's claim that he can be “the best there ever was,” is true, and he confidently avers it is. Harriet aims a handgun at Hobbs and shoots him in the abdomen. It is learned that Harriet, who commits suicide, previously targeted other top athletes. In 1939, Hobbs is signed as a rookie to the New York Knights, a struggling ball club sitting in last place. Manager Pop Fisher is furious that Hobbs was recruited, believing him too old. He initially refuses to play Hobbs but finally relents. At his first batting practice, Hobbs amazes the entire team with his powerful hitting. The following game, Pop benches star outfielder Bump Bailey after a reckless play. Pop pinch hits with Hobbs, who literally knocks the baseball's cover off. Shortly after, Bailey tragically dies crashing through an outfield wall, resulting in Hobbs being made starting outfielder. Hobbs becomes a sensation and the Knights’ fortunes turn around. Mercy finds Hobbs to be familiar but fails to recognize him as the pitcher who once struck out the Whammer. Assistant manager Red Blow tells Hobbs that if Pop loses the pennant this year, then his Knight's ownership share will revert to the team's majority owner, the Judge. Pop will permanently be out of the sport. Hobbs privately meets with the Judge who offers him $5,000 to throw the season. Hobbs, unlike Bump Bailey, refuses the bribe. Mercy introduces Hobbs to Gus Sands, a bookie whom Hobbs learns places large bets against him. He also meets Pop's niece, Memo Paris, who was Bump's girlfriend. Their budding relationship results in a distracted Hobbs’ game slumping. Pop privately cautions Hobbs about Memo, who appears to be working for the Judge, though Hobbs dismisses his concerns. Hobbs' slump continues until a game against the Cubs at Wrigley Field, during which a woman in white stands up in the bleachers, catching Hobbs’ attention. He then hits a home run, shattering the clock on the scoreboard. He realizes the woman is Iris, and the two later meet at a diner. They discuss their respective lives, though Hobbs avoids mentioning what happened to him. When they meet the next day, Hobbs tells Iris the truth. Iris, who is unmarried and works in Chicago, shares that she has a son whose father lives in New York City. The reunion restores Hobbs' hitting prowess, and the Knights surge into first place. During a practice session, Mercy watches Hobbs pitching and suddenly remembers him. At a team party, Hobbs collapses in pain and awakens in a hospital. A silver bullet removed from his stomach has caused long-term damage that could prove fatal if Hobbs continues playing baseball. He learns the Knights have since lost three games in a row, which sets up a one-game playoff against the Pittsburgh Pirates. Memo visits Hobbs in the hospital and urges him to accept the Judge's bribe, which has been quadrupled, and to walk away. The Judge tells Hobbs to consider his offer and threatens to publicly expose Hobbs' past and reveals that another team member is being bribed. Hobbs again rejects the Judge's offer. When Iris visits Hobbs, she assures him he has not wasted his potential and is a great ballplayer. Hobbs, still recovering, returns to the team wanting to play. Pop tells Hobbs that he is the best player he has ever seen and says to suit up. As the game progresses, Hobbs realizes that Knights pitcher Al Fowler is the bribed player. Hobbs confronts Fowler on the field, warning him not to throw the game. Fowler starts pitching competitively and the Knights stay in the game. Watching from the stands with her son, Iris begs an usher to deliver a note to Hobbs in the dugout, telling him that she has brought their son to watch him play. In the ninth inning, the Knights trail the Pirates when the latter brings in a young, hard-throwing pitcher. Seeing that Hobbs is hampered by his old wound, the pitcher throws inside trying to harm him. Hobbs hits a foul but has struck the ball so hard that his bat, Wonderboy, splits in half. Hobbs asks Bobby the bat boy to pick a replacement. Bobby brings him his own bat, the “Savoy Special”, that Hobbs helped him make. Hobbs, down to his last strike, his wound bleeding through his jersey, hits the ball, smashing it into the stadium lights, winning the game and the National League pennant. The Knights advance to the World Series, though the outcome is not revealed. The victory secures Pop's share of the team and his place on it. At the end, Hobbs is seen playing catch with his son in the same field that he and his father played in many years earlier, while Iris looks on. Cast Robert Redford as Roy Hobbs Robert Duvall as Max Mercy Glenn Close as Iris Gaines Kim Basinger as Memo Paris Wilford Brimley as Pop Fisher Barbara Hershey as Harriet Bird Robert Prosky as The Judge Richard Farnsworth as Red Blow Joe Don Baker as "The Whammer" Darren McGavin as Gus Sands (uncredited) Michael Madsen as Bartholomew "Bump" Bailey John Finnegan as Sam Simpson Alan Fudge as Ed Hobbs Ken Grassano as Al Fowler Mike Starr as Boone Mickey Treanor as Doc Dizzy Jon Van Ness as John Olsen Anthony J. Ferrara as Coach Wilson George Wilkosz as Bobby Savoy Paul Sullivan Jr. as Young Roy Robert Rich III as Ted Hobbs Rachel Hall as Young Iris Sibby Sisti as Pirates manager Production Malcolm Kahn and Roger Bean acquired the rights to Bernard Malamud's 1952 novel The Natural in 1976. Phil Dusenberry wrote the first adaption. In October 1981, Roger Towne, a Columbia Pictures story editor and brother of Robert Towne, quit to produce and write the screenplay, with Bean set to direct and Kahn co-producing. In 1983, newly-formed Tri-Star Pictures acquired the rights to the film adaptation, its first production. It was Robert Redford's first acting role in three years. The film's producers stated in the DVD extras that the film was not intended to be a literal adaptation of the novel, but was merely "based on" the novel. Malamud's daughter said on one of the DVD extras that her father had seen the film, and his take on it was that it had "legitimized him as a writer." Darren McGavin was cast late in the process as gambler Gus Sands and was uncredited in the film. Due to a disagreement, he chose not to be credited, though later Levinson wanted to credit him and McGavin said no. Levinson stated on the DVD extras for the 2007 edition that because there had been too little time during post-production to find a professional announcer willing and able to provide voice-over services, Levinson recorded that part of the audio track himself. Two-thirds of the scenes were filmed in Buffalo, New York, mostly at War Memorial Stadium, built in 1937 and demolished a few years after the film was produced. Buffalo's All-High Stadium, with post-production alterations, stood in for Chicago's Wrigley Field in a key scene in the film. Additional filming took place at the New York and Lake Erie Railroad depot in South Dayton, New York. Release Reception Variety called it an "impeccably made ... fable about success and failure in America." James Berardinelli praised The Natural as "[a]rguably the best baseball movie ever made". ESPN's Page 2 selected it as the 6th best sports movie of all time. Sports writer Bill Simmons has argued, "Any 'Best Sports Movies' list that doesn't feature either Hoosiers or The Natural as the No. 1 pick shouldn't even count." Director Barry Levinson said on MLB Network's "Costas at the Movies" in 2013 that while the film is based in fantasy, "through the years, these things which are outlandish actually [happen] ... like Kirk Gibson hitting the home run and limping around the bases ... Curt Schilling with the blood on the sock in the World Series." Leonard Maltin's 18th annual Movie Guide edition called it "too long and inconsistent." Dan Craft, longtime critic for the Bloomington, Illinois paper, The Pantagraph, wrote, "The storybook ending is so preposterous you don't know whether to cheer or jeer." In Sports Illustrated, Frank Deford had faint praise for it: "The Natural almost manages to be a John Simon of National Review and Richard Schickel of Time were disappointed with the adaptation. Simon contrasted Malamud's story about the "failure of American innocence" with Levinson's "fable of success ... [and] the ultimate triumph of semi-doltish purity," declaring "you have, not Malamud's novel, but a sorry illustration of its theme". Schickel lamented that "Malamud's intricate ending (it is a victory that looks like a defeat) is vulgarized (the victory is now an unambiguous triumph, fireworks included)," and that "watching this movie is all too often like reading about The Natural in the College Outline Roger Ebert called it "idolatry on behalf of Robert Redford." Ebert's television collaborator Gene Siskel praised it, giving it four stars, also putting down other critics that he suggested might have just recently read the novel for the In a lengthy article on baseball movies in The New Yorker, Roger Angell pointed out that Malamud had intentionally treated Hobbs' story as a baseball version of the King Arthur legend, which came across in the film as a bit heavy-handed, "portentous and stuffy," and that the book's ending should have been kept. He also cited a number of excellent visuals and funny bits, and noted that Robert Redford had prepared so carefully for the role, modeling his swing on that of Ted Williams, that "you want to sign At the film review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, retrospectively compiled reviews from 39 critics give the film a score of 82%, with an average rating of 7.1/10. The website's consensus reads: "Though heavy with sentiment, The Natural is an irresistible classic, and a sincere testament to America's Awards and honors The Natural was nominated for four Academy Awards: Actress in a Supporting Role (Glenn Close), Cinematography (Caleb Deschanel), Art Direction (Mel Bourne, Angelo P. Graham, Bruce Weintraub), and Music (Randy Newman). Kim Basinger was also nominated for Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress. Home video The initial DVD edition, with copyright year on the box reading "2001", contained the theatrical version of the film, along with a few specials and commentaries. The "director's cut" was released on April 3, 2007. A two-disc edition, it contains the featurette "The Heart of the Natural," a 44-minute documentary featuring comments from Cal Ripken, Jr. and Levinson; it is the only extra released originally with the 2001 DVD. Sony added a number of other extras, however, including: "When Lightning Strikes: Creating The Natural," a 50-minute documentary discussing the origins of the original novel and the production of the film; "Knights in Shining Armor," which addresses the mythological parallels between The Natural, King Arthur and the Odyssey; and "A Natural Gunned Down" which tells the story of Eddie Waitkus, a baseball player who was shot by Ruth Ann Steinhagen, a female stalker, in an incident which inspired the fictionalized shooting of Roy Hobbs. The film itself has been re-edited, restoring deleted footage to the early chapters of the story. These scenes expand on the sadness of Hobbs, focusing on his visits to his childhood home as an adult and his childhood memories. The "gift set" version of the release also included some souvenirs: a baseball "signed" by Roy Hobbs; some baseball cards of Roy Hobbs and teammates; and a New York Knights cap. Soundtrack The film score of The Natural was composed and conducted by Randy Newman. The score has often been compared to the style of Aaron Copland and sometimes Elmer Bernstein. Scott Montgomery, writing for Goldmine music magazine, referenced the influence, and David Ansen, reviewing the film for Newsweek, called the score "Coplandesque." The score also has certain Wagnerian features of orchestration and use of Leitmotif. Adnan Tezer of Monsters and Critics noted the theme is often played for film and television previews and in "baseball stadiums when introducing home teams and players." Levinson also described to Bob Costas in MLB Network's "Costas at the Movies" how he heard Newman develop the movie's iconic theme: "We were racing to try to get this movie out in time and we were in one room and then there was a wall and Randy's in the other room. One of the great thrilling moments is I heard him figuring out that theme...You could hear it through the wall as he was working out that theme and I'll never forget that." The soundtrack album was released May 11 on the Warner Bros. label, with the logo for Tri-Star Pictures also appearing on the label to commemorate this as their first production. See also References External links Category:1984 films Category:1980s sports drama films Category:American baseball films Category:American films Category:American sports drama films Category:Films based on American novels Category:Films directed by Barry Levinson Category:Films scored by Randy Newman Category:Films set in the 1910s Category:Films set in 1923 Category:Films set in 1939 Category:Films shot in Buffalo, New York Category:TriStar Pictures films

David Saunders (ice hockey)

David Saunders (born May 20, 1966) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey left winger. Saunders was drafted 52nd overall by the Vancouver Canucks in the 1984 NHL Entry Draft and played 56 games for the Canucks during the 1987–88 NHL season, scoring 7 goals and 13 assists for 20 points. He also played in the American Hockey League for the Fredericton Express and the International Hockey League for the Flint Spirits and the Milwaukee Admirals before finising his career in Finland with Vaasan Sport of the I-Divisioona. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs External links Category:1966 births Category:Living people Category:Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Finland Category:Canadian ice hockey left wingers Category:Flint Spirits players Category:Fredericton Express players Category:Ice hockey people from Ontario Category:Milwaukee Admirals (IHL) players Category:Sportspeople from Ottawa Category:St. Lawrence Saints men's ice hockey players Category:Vaasan Sport players Category:Vancouver Canucks draft picks Category:Vancouver Canucks players

Guillermo Aubone

Guillermo "Willie" Aubone (born 8 June 1954) is a former professional tennis player from Argentina. He is the brother of Roberto Aubone, an Argentine Davis Cup player. Playing career Before turning pro, Aubone played college tennis in the United States, at the University of Corpus Christi and University of South Carolina. He had to face seeded players in the first round of all three of his Grand Slam singles appearances. At the 1980 US Open he faced world number one Björn Borg, then played against 12th seed Brian Gottfried in the 1981 French Open, before coming up against 16th seed Mel Purcell in the 1982 French Open. He lost each of those matches. On the singles circuit, Aubone made one quarter-final, which at the British Hard Court Championships in 1981. He had more success as a doubles player. In 1981 he reached four doubles semi-finals, partnering Wolfgang Popp in Bournemouth, Alejandro Pierola in Bordeaux, Billy Martin in Madrid and Andreas Maurer in Quito. The following year, at Vina Del Mar, he finally made it to a Grand Prix final, but he and partner Ángel Giménez were defaulted. Coaching Since 1983 he has been coaching in Miami, where he had his own tennis academy. He coached Mary Joe Fernández during her early professional career and spent time at the Nick Bollettieri Tennis Academy, as an instructor. Grand Prix career finals Doubles: 1 (0–1) Challenger titles Doubles: (1) References Category:1954 births Category:Living people Category:Argentine male tennis players Category:Argentine tennis coaches Category:Tennis players from Buenos Aires

Arima Onsen Station

is a railway station in Kita-ku, Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. Lines Kobe Electric Railway Arima Line Adjacent stations Category:Railway stations opened in 1928 Category:Railway stations in Hyōgo Prefecture Category:Stations of Kobe Electric Railway

Roman Catholic Diocese of Lomas de Zamora

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Lomas de Zamora (erected 11 February 1957) is in Argentina and is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Buenos Aires. Bishops Ordinaries Filemón Castellano (1957–1963) Alejandro Schell (1963–1972) Desiderio Elso Collino (1972–2001) Agustín Roberto Radrizzani, S.D.B. (2001–2007 ), appointed Archbishop of Mercedes-Luján Jorge Ruben Lugones, S.J. (2008– ) Coadjutor bishop Alejandro Schell (1958-1963) Auxiliary bishops Héctor Gabino Romero (1978-1984), appointed Bishop of Rafaela José María Arancedo (1988-1991), appointed Bishop of Mar del Plata Juan Carlos Maccarone (1993-1996), appointed Bishop of Chascomús Jorge Vázquez (2013-2017), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Morón Carlos Alberto Novoa de Agustini, O.F.M. Cap. (2013); did not take effect Jorge Martín Torres Carbonell (2014- Jorge Ignacio García Cuerva (2017-2019), appointed Bishop of Río Gallegos Ignacio Damián Medina (2019-) Other priests of this diocese who became bishops Gustavo Arturo Help, appointed Bishop of Venado Tuerto in 2000 Luis Alberto Fernández Alara, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Buenos Aires in 2009 Territorial losses References Category:Roman Catholic dioceses in Argentina Category:Christian organizations established in 1957 Category:Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century

Richard Münnich

Richard Karl Emil Münnich (7 June 1877 – 4 July 1970) was a German musicologist and music pedagogue. Life Born in Berlin, Münnich studied musicology, Germanistic and philosophy at the Humboldt University of Berlin and gained his doctorate in 1902 with a dissertation about Johann Kuhnau's life. Between 1902 and 1905 he worked on the Jacob Obrecht complete edition and the Denkmälern deutscher Tonkunst. From 1904 to 1908 he taught music history at the Hugo Riemann Conservatory in Berlin, then piano from 1908, music theory and ear training at the Klindworth-Scharwenka Conservatory there. At the suggestion of Georg Rolle, Münnich also took up a position as a singing and music teacher at a Berlin secondary school in 1908, where he was permanently employed from 1913 to 1934 and increasingly gained influence in the field of music education. As one of the first student councilors for music in 1924, he became a member of the examination offices a year later and in 1927 he was the director of the first specialist seminar for school music trainees. At the same time he participated in the publication of the Monatsschrift für Schulmusikpflege (1918-1921) and the Zeitschrift für Schulmusik (1928-1934). At the same time, Münnich, who had founded the Association of Academically Educated Music Teachers of Prussia in 1918, was intensively involved in school policy: in 1920 he was a participant in the , in 1924/25 he was a commissioner for the Hans Richert school reform and from 1928 to 1932 expert advisor for school music in the Berlin Ministry. In 1934 Münnich, who had also worked at the Berlin Academy for Church and School Music from 1929 to 1933, retired and moved to Naumburg. In 1935 he was appointed professor of musicology at the Hochschule für Musik Franz Liszt, Weimar, where he also became director of the Institute for School Music three years later (until 1947). Since Münnich kept silent about his National Socialist German Workers' Party membership (since 1932, before that since 1919 DVP), he retained his position after the war and even took over as head of the musicology department from early 1948 to mid-1949. After his retirement in 1949, Münnich remained a lecturer until 1964. In 1957 he was appointed honorary senator. Münnich died in Weimar at the age of 93. Importance Although not uncontroversial, Münnich was the practical representative in the school music reforms of the 1920s ( reforms), especially as co-author of the 1925 guidelines, which were exemplary for all German states, in a tone syllable system called Jale. In 1930), he succeeded in combining the advantages of the Agnes Hundoegger's Tonika-Do-Teachings and solmization. The major scale was called ja, le, mi, ni, ro, su, wa, ja; by changing the vowels and consonants to a complete chromaticism system. This system was used in music lessons in the German Democratic Republic. Münnich's versatility as a music teacher in schools, as a training lecturer in the first and second phase of teaching, and as a specialist politician made him a "picture-book school musician" for the secondary schools. In the 1950s and 1960s, through his students Albrecht Krauß (1914-1989) and Helmut Großmann (1914-2001), he became an absolute role model for Weimar school music. Publication Richard Münnich: JALE. Ein Beitrag zur Tonsilbenfrage und zur Schulmusikpropädeutik, Lahr 1930 Further reading Wolfram Huschke: Richard Münnich, in Ludwig Finscher (edit.), MGG, vol. 12, Kassel 2004 References External links Category:Musicologists from Berlin Category:20th-century musicologists Category:Nazi Party members Category:German People's Party politicians Category:1877 births Category:1970 deaths

Mohd Hatta Ramli

Mohd Hatta bin Md. Ramli (Jawi: محمد حتّى بن مد رملي; born 11 September 1956) is a Malaysian politician and is currently the Member of Parliament of Malaysia for the Lumut constituency in Perak. He is a member of National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. Hatta was a member of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) in the former Pakatan Rakyat (PR) opposition coalition and was also a member of PAS's central committee and had served as the party's treasurer and election director. He was a formerly a Member of Parliament for Kuala Krai, Kelantan for two terms from 2004 until 2018 which he contested and won under PAS. Hatta was one of the Gerakan Harapan Baru (GHB) group of PAS progressive Islamists leaders who have lost in the 2015 party election to form the new party named Parti Amanah Negara (AMANAH) which is a component party in the new Pakatan Harapan opposition coalition then. Election results Honours : Knight Commander of the Order of Malacca (DCSM) - Datuk Wira (2018) References Category:1956 births Category:Living people Category:People from Perak Category:Malaysian people of Malay descent Category:Malaysian Muslims Category:Malaysian general practitioners Category:Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party politicians Category:Parti Amanah Negara politicians Category:Members of the Dewan Rakyat Category:21st-century Malaysian politicians

Backyard Habitat

Backyard Habitat is an American television program about visiting families and amending backyards for the National Wildlife Federation. The show takes the form of a DIY-style program, with tips that are, it is suggested, easy for most viewers to achieve on their own. Within each episode, the hosts center on attracting a few specific varieties of wildlife (birds, animals, and insects); at the conclusion, the family is presented with a plaque, usually placed in the garden by the hosts, stating that the yard is now recognized by the NWF as a "backyard habitat". It is hosted by Molly Pesce (AKA Molly Scott) and David Mizejewski, a representative of the NWF. It is shown on the channel Animal Planet. Each episode runs approximately 30 minutes (including commercials). It was produced by RIVR Media. External links Category:Animal Planet original programming Category:2005 American television series debuts Category:2006 American television series endings

Judith Owen

Judith Owen (born 1969 in London) is a Welsh singer-songwriter. Her first North American album, Emotions on a Postcard, was released in 1996 and has been followed by several additional albums. She is co-founder of Twanky Records with her husband, Harry Shearer. Life and career Owen performed on West Virginia Public Radio's Mountain Stage on 10 September 2006 and was interviewed on National Public Radio's (NPR) Weekend Edition Sunday on 17 June 2007, on which she performed several of her songs from her 2007 release Happy This Way. Her cover of Deep Purple's "Smoke on the Water" has been used as bumper music on Coast to Coast AM. In 2008 she released Mopping Up Karma, followed by 2010's The Beautiful Damage Collection (a compilation album). On 18 September 2008, a three-song live video performance premiered on LiveDaily Sessions, featuring the songs: "Creatures", "I Promise You" and "Let's Hear It For Love". On 25 October 2008, Owen performed "Creatures of Habit" on Public Radio International's What d'Ya Know with Michael Feldman. She has recorded and toured with Richard Thompson in recent years, notably on the 1000 Years of Popular Music recording and tour. She has also appeared on his albums The Old Kit Bag and Sweet Warrior. Owen appeared as herself on The Simpsons in the thirteenth-season episode "The Blunder Years". On 10 February 2011 she appeared on BBC Breakfast alongside Ruby Wax, promoting their new show, Losing It. Her 10th studio album is Ebb & Flow. Released on 7 April (UK) and 6 May 2014 (US and Canada), it features Leland Sklar on bass and Russell Kunkel on drums – both former members of The Section – and Waddy Wachtel on guitar. Ebb & Flow was her first album to be released and promoted throughout Europe and received critical acclaim from The Independent (UK), The Sunday Times, Le Figaro (France), La Repubblica (Italy), CronacaTorino.it (Italy), BT (Denmark), and Rolling Stone (Germany) with radio play from RTE Radio 1 (Ireland), BBC Radio 2, RTVE Radio 3 (Spain), P5 (Denmark) and YLE Radio Suomi (Finland). In 2015 she was invited to support Bryan Ferry on his UK tour. The London Royal Albert Hall Show on 1 June was cancelled at the last minute due to Ferry having a throat infection. Several journalists were attending to review her and an impromptu decision was made to invite them all to her London home, where she performed the planned set acoustically. The Independent ran an article the following day and highlighted it on a feature of living-room shows. She performed at the Cropredy Festival in Oxfordshire and the MadGarden Festival in Madrid. In 2016 Owen released the album Somebody's Child in the UK, Europe, Australia and Japan. In June 2016, she showcased the album in Melbourne and Sydney to rave reviews including Noise11.com. The same year, Owen and Harry Shearer performed together in Brisbane and at the Adelaide Cabaret Festival with a new show called This Infernal Racket, which created massive media coverage of this as well as her album. The 2016 annual charity show Christmas Without Tears returned to London along with New York, Chicago, Los Angeles and New Orleans. Touring in UK, Sweden, Norway, Germany, Austria, France, Italy, Netherlands, Ireland is planned. In 2017, Somebody's Child was released in the US and Canada, while touring throughout the year. May 2018 redisCOVERed her first all covers album released to great reviews worldwide. Songs covered from Deep Purple "Smoke On The Water", Soundgarden"Black Hole Sun" to classics from Donna Summer "Hot Stuff" Wild Cherry "Play Ttat Funky Music" to contemporary Drake "Hotline Bling" Ed Sheeran "Shape Of You" and a couple Joni Mitchell more obscure "Cherokee Louise" and "Ladies' Man". Touring in North America and Europe in 2018. Personal life Owen has been married to actor Harry Shearer, since 1993. They released their own record label called Courgette Records, in 2005. Discography Albums Emotions On A Postcard (1996), Dog On The Bed Music Limited Edition (2000), Dog On The Bed Music Twelve Arrows (2003), Dog On The Bed Music Lost And Found (2005), Courgette Here (2006), Courgette Happy This Way (2007), Courgette Mopping Up Karma (2008), Courgette The Beautiful Damage Collection (2010), Courgette Some Kind Of Comfort (2012), Courgette Ebb & Flow (2014), Twanky Records Somebody's Child (2016), Twanky Records Rediscovered (2018), Twanky Records Singles Creatures Of Habit (2008), Courgette Records White Christmas (with Julia Fordham) (2013), Little Boo Records In The Summertime (2014), Twanky Records Hot Stuff (2017), Twanky Records EPs Christmas In July (2004), Century of Progress Productions References External links Official website in 2008 Le Show interview/performance: Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Welsh female singers Category:Welsh pop singers Category:1969 births Category:Singers from London

Aleksey Rudenok

Aleksey Rudenok (; ; born 25 February 1993) is a Belarusian professional footballer. As of 2019, he plays for NFK Minsk. References External links Category:1993 births Category:Living people Category:Belarusian footballers Category:Association football forwards Category:FC Gorodeya players Category:FC Isloch Minsk Raion players Category:FC Rechitsa-2014 players Category:FC Kletsk players Category:FC Krumkachy Minsk players Category:FC Neman Stolbtsy players Category:FC Smorgon players

Tanabe–Sugano diagram

Tanabe–Sugano diagrams are used in coordination chemistry to predict absorptions in the UV, visible and IR electromagnetic spectrum of coordination compounds. The results from a Tanabe–Sugano diagram analysis of a metal complex can also be compared to experimental spectroscopic data. They are qualitatively useful and can be used to approximate the value of 10Dq, the ligand field splitting energy. Tanabe–Sugano diagrams can be used for both high spin and low spin complexes, unlike Orgel diagrams, which apply only to high spin complexes. Tanabe–Sugano diagrams can also be used to predict the size of the ligand field necessary to cause high-spin to low-spin transitions. In a Tanabe–Sugano diagram, the ground state is used as a constant reference, in contrast to Orgel diagrams. The energy of the ground state is taken to be zero for all field strengths, and the energies of all other terms and their components are plotted with respect to the ground term. Background Until Yukito Tanabe and Satoru Sugano published their paper "On the absorption spectra of complex ions", in 1954, little was known about the excited electronic states of complex metal ions. They used Hans Bethe's crystal field theory and Giulio Racah's linear combinations of Slater integrals, now called Racah parameters, to explain the absorption spectra of octahedral complex ions in a more quantitative way than had been achieved previously. Many spectroscopic experiments later, they estimated the values for two of Racah's parameters, B and C, for each d-electron configuration based on the trends in the absorption spectra of isoelectronic first-row transition metals. The plots of the energies calculated for the electronic states of each electron configuration are now known as Tanabe–Sugano diagrams. Parameters The x-axis of a Tanabe–Sugano diagram is expressed in terms of the ligand field splitting parameter, Δ, or Dq (for "differential of quanta"), divided by the Racah parameter B. The y-axis is in terms of energy, E, also scaled by B. Three Racah parameters exist, A, B, and C, which describe various aspects of interelectronic repulsion. A is an average total interelectron repulsion. B and C correspond with individual d-electron repulsions. A is constant among d-electron configuration, and it is not necessary for calculating relative energies, hence its absence from Tanabe and Sugano's studies of complex ions. C is necessary only in certain cases. B is the most important of Racah's parameters in this case. One line corresponds to each electronic state. The bending of certain lines is due to the mixing of terms with the same symmetry. Although electronic transitions are only "allowed" if the spin multiplicity remains the same (i.e. electrons do not change from spin up to spin down or vice versa when moving from one energy level to another), energy levels for "spin-forbidden" electronic states are included in the diagrams, which are also not included in Orgel diagrams. Each state is given its symmetry label (e.g. A1g, T2g, etc.), but "g" and "u" subscripts are usually left off because it is understood that all the states are gerade. Labels for each state are usually written on the right side of the table, though for more complicated diagrams (e.g. d6) labels may be written in other locations for clarity. Term symbols (e.g. 3P, 1S, etc.) for a specific dn free ion are listed, in order of increasing energy, on the y-axis of the diagram. The relative order of energies is determined using Hund's rules. For an octahedral complex, the spherical, free ion term symbols split accordingly: Certain Tanabe–Sugano diagrams (d4, d5, d6, and d7) also have a vertical line drawn at a specific Dq/B value, which corresponds with a discontinuity in the slopes of the excited states' energy levels. This pucker in the lines occurs when the spin pairing energy, P, is equal to the ligand field splitting energy, Dq. Complexes to the left of this line (lower Dq/B values) are high-spin, while complexes to the right (higher Dq/B values) are low-spin. There is no low-spin or high-spin designation for d2, d3, or d8. Tanabe-Sugano diagrams The seven Tanabe–Sugano diagrams for octahedral complexes are shown below. Unnecessary diagrams: d1, d9 and d10 d1 There is no electron repulsion in a d1 complex, and the single electron resides in the t2g orbital ground state. A d1 octahedral metal complex, such as [Ti(H2O)6]3+, shows a single absorption band in a UV-vis experiment. The term symbol for d1 is 2D, which splits into the 2T2g and 2Eg states. The t2g orbital set holds the single electron and has a 2T2g state energy of -4Dq. When that electron is promoted to an eg orbital, it is excited to the 2Eg state energy, +6Dq. This is in accordance with the single absorption band in a UV-vis experiment. The prominent shoulder in this absorption band is due to a Jahn-Teller distortion which removes the degeneracy of the two 2Eg states. However, since these two transitions overlap in a UV-vis spectrum, this transition from 2T2g to 2Eg does not require a Tanabe–Sugano diagram. d9 Similar to d1 metal complexes, d9 octahedral metal complexes have 2D spectral term. The transition is from the (t2g)6(eg)3 configuration (2Eg state) to the (t2g)5(eg)4 configuration (2T2g state). This could also be described as a positive "hole" that moves from the eg to the t2g orbital set. The sign of Dq is opposite that for d1, with a 2Eg ground state and a 2T2g excited state. Like the d1 case, d9 octahedral complexes do not require the Tanabe–Sugano diagram to predict their absorption spectra. d10 There are no d-d electron transitions in d10 metal complexes because the d orbitals are completely filled. Thus, UV-vis absorption bands are not observed and a Tanabe–Sugano diagram does not exist. Diagrams for tetrahedral symmetry Tetrahedral Tanabe–Sugano diagrams are generally not found in textbooks because the diagram for a dn tetrahedral will be similar to that for d(10-n) octahedral, remembering that ΔT for tetrahedral complexes is approximately 4/9 of ΔO for an octahedral complex. A consequence of the much smaller size of ΔT results in (almost) all tetrahedral complexes being high spin and therefore the change in the ground state term seen on the X-axis for octahedral d4-d7 diagrams is not required for interpreting spectra of tetrahedral complexes. Advantages over Orgel diagrams In Orgel diagrams, the magnitude of the splitting energy exerted by the ligands on d orbitals, as a free ion approach a ligand field, is compared to the electron-repulsion energy, which are both sufficient at providing the placement of electrons. However, if the ligand field splitting energy, 10Dq, is greater than the electron-repulsion energy, then Orgel diagrams fail in determining electron placement. In this case, Orgel diagrams are restricted to only high spin complexes. Tanabe–Sugano diagrams do not have this restriction, and can be applied to situations when 10Dq is significantly greater than electron repulsion. Thus, Tanabe–Sugano diagrams are utilized in determining electron placements for high spin and low spin metal complexes. However, they are limited in that they have only qualitative significance. Even so, Tanabe–Sugano diagrams are useful in interpreting UV-vis spectra and determining the value of 10Dq. Applications as a qualitative tool In a centrosymmetric ligand field, such as in octahedral complexes of transition metals, the arrangement of electrons in the d-orbital is not only limited by electron repulsion energy, but it is also related to the splitting of the orbitals due to the ligand field. This leads to many more electron configuration states than is the case for the free ion. The relative energy of the repulsion energy and splitting energy defines the high-spin and low-spin states. Considering both weak and strong ligand fields, a Tanabe–Sugano diagram shows the energy splitting of the spectral terms with the increase of the ligand field strength. It is possible for us to understand how the energy of the different configuration states is distributed at certain ligand strengths. The restriction of the spin selection rule makes it is even easier to predict the possible transitions and their relative intensity. Although they are qualitative, Tanabe–Sugano diagrams are very useful tools for analyzing UV-vis spectra: they are used to assign bands and calculate Dq values for ligand field splitting. Examples Manganese(II) hexahydrate In the [Mn(H2O)6]2+ metal complex, manganese has an oxidation state of +2, thus it is a d5 ion. H2O is a weak field ligand (spectrum shown below), and according to the Tanabe–Sugano diagram for d5 ions, the ground state is 6A1. Note that there is no sextet spin multiplicity in any excited state, hence the transitions from this ground state are expected to be spin-forbidden and the band intensities should be low. From the spectra, only very low intensity bands are observed (low molar absorptivity (ε) values on y-axis). Cobalt(II) hexahydrate Another example is [Co(H2O)6]2+. Note that the ligand is the same as the last example. Here the cobalt ion has the oxidation state of +2, and it is a d7 ion. From the high-spin (left) side of the d7 Tanabe–Sugano diagram, the ground state is 4T1(F), and the spin multiplicity is a quartet. The diagram shows that there are three quartet excited states: 4T2, 4A2, and 4T1(P). From the diagram one can predict that there are three spin-allowed transitions. However, the spectra of [Co(H2O)6]2+ does not show three distinct peaks that correspond to the three predicted excited states. Instead, the spectrum has a broad peak (spectrum shown below). Based on the T-S diagram, the lowest energy transition is 4T1 to 4T2, which is seen in the near IR and is not observed in the visible spectrum. The main peak is the energy transition 4T1(F) to 4T1(P), and the slightly higher energy transition (the shoulder) is predicted to be 4T1 to 4A2. The small energy difference leads to the overlap of the two peaks, which explains the broad peak observed in the visible spectrum. Solving for B and ΔO For the d2 complex [V(H2O)6]3+, two bands are observed with maxima at around 17,500 and 26,000 cm−1. The ratio of experimental band energies is E(ν2)/E(ν1) is 1.49. There are three possible transitions expected, which include: ν1: 3T1g→3T2g, ν2:3T1g→3T1g(P), and ν3: 3T1g→3A2g. There are three possible transitions, but only two are observed, so the unobserved transition must be determined. Fill in a chart like the one to the right by finding corresponding heights (E/B) of the symmetry states at certain values of ΔO / B. Then find the ratio of these values (E(ν2)/E(ν1) and E(ν3)/E(ν1)). Note that the ratio of E(ν3)/E(ν1) does not contain the calculated ratio for the experimental band energy, so we can determine that the 3T1g→3A2g band is unobserved. Use ratios for E(ν2)/E(ν1) and the values of ΔO / B to plot a line with E(ν2)/E(ν1) being the y-values and ΔO/B being the x-values. Using this line, it is possible to determine the value of ΔO / B for the experimental ratio. (ΔO / B = 3.1 for a chart ratio of 1.49 in this example). Find on the T-S diagram where ΔO / B = 3.1 for 3T1g→3T2g and 3T1g→3T1g(P). For 3T2g, E(ν1) / B = 27 and for 3T1g(P), E(ν2) / B = 43. The Racah parameter can be found by calculating B from both E(ν2) and E(ν1). For 3T1g(P), B = 26,000 cm−1/43 = 604 cm−1. For 3T2g, B = 17,500 cm−1/ 27 = 648 cm−1. From the average value of the Racah parameter, the ligand field splitting parameter can be found (ΔO). If ΔO / B = 3.1 and B = 625 cm−1, then ΔO = 19,375 cm−1. See also Character tables Crystal field theory d electron count Hans Bethe Laporte rule Ligand field theory Molecular symmetry Orgel diagram Racah parameter Spin states (d electrons) Term symbol References Category:Coordination chemistry Category:Spectroscopy Category:Inorganic chemistry Category:Transition metals

Sai bhaji

Sai bhaji () is a Sindhi vegetarian curry, consisting of dal (lentils), palak (spinach) and other vegetables. It forms a staple part of the local cuisine and is considered a rich source of nutrition due to its mix of various greens. It is a popular household dish in Pakistan, India, and among the Sindhi diaspora. Origins The name of the curry is said to be derived from two words of Sindhi language: sai (meaning "green") and bhaji (meaning "vegetables"), thus indicating the ingredients used to cook the dish. Sai bhaji is consumed throughout summers and winters, as a night and day meal respectively. It is favoured due to its healthy nutrition and simplicity of preparation. In the dry regions of interior Sindh, seasonal vegetables are dried and stocked for year-round cooking purposes. Ingredients and preparation The main ingredients used in sai bhaji include chopped spinach leaves, as well as smaller quantities of fenugreek, dill and gongura leaves. The greens are mixed with drained lentils (usually channa dal or moong dal) and cooking oil to prepare the stew. Other ingredients added to the gravy include cumin seeds, ginger and garlic, chopped onions and tomatoes, water, salt, green chillies, turmeric and coriander powders, red chilli powder, brinjals and potatoes. The level of spices used is typically mild. The curry has a smooth and creamy texture once cooked. Serving Sai bhaji can be served with basmati rice or bread such as roti. A popular serving combination is with khichdi rice. See also Sindhi cuisine Saag Pakistani soups and stews Pakistani vegetable dishes Indian vegetarian cuisine References Category:Indian curries Category:Indian soups and stews Category:Indian vegetable dishes Category:Pakistani curries Category:Pakistani legume dishes Category:Pakistani soups and stews Category:Pakistani vegetable dishes Category:Sindhi cuisine

Tigris (singer)

Angela Mizinga (known as Empress Tigris or simply Tigris) is a Malawian singer/rapper from Ntcheu, Malawi. Early life Mizinga was born on 14 May to Mr and Mrs T.J. Mizinga as the last born of 10 children, in Ntcheu District. Tigris is not a signed artist, but already has a fan base across Africa and beyond, thanks to the performance she had this year at the Big Brother Amplified Eviction show on 12 June 2011, which gave her exposure to millions. Her dancers are The Elements Dance Crew who are the current best dance crew in Malawi according to the ‘U Got Dance Moves’ competition by Plusten Links. Career Mizinga began her entertainment career as a radio presenter for Capital FM radio. She became popular as a singer after featuring in "Anankabango" - with singer Young Kay and other singers. She does charity work by raising funds for primary education. She recently donated food and other items to children at Mzuzu Central Hospital. Her debut album was released in February 2010 and featured collaborations with popular Malawi rappers and singers, Theo Thomson, Tay Grin and Young Kay. She featured in many shows within and outside Malawi. She has been to Johannesburg, Graham’s town, Zambia and performed alongside artists including US’s Sean Kingston, Brick and Lace, Teargas, Tay Grin and Theo Thomson. She appeared in most Lake of Stars festivals. Tigris was a nominee for the Malawi Music Awards for Best Female Artist and Best Afro-Pop Artist of 2010-2011. She started her career as a professional musician in August 2009 and already has an album called Gimme a Break which did well on VOA, BBC and most Malawian radio stations. Most of her singles made the charts and stayed in the top 3 for several weeks on Capitol Radio. Her song ‘Hottest Chick’, which she did with Tay Grin, stayed number one for months. Her second album, Dreams, came out in 2011. Discography Anankabango - Young Kay featuring Tigris Gimme a Break (album) - 2010 Dreams (Album) - 2012 References Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

Katherine Routledge

Katherine Maria Routledge (), née Pease (11 August 1866 – 13 December 1935), was an English archaeologist and anthropologist who, in 1914, initiated and carried out much of the first true survey of Easter Island. She was the second child of Kate and Gurney Pease, and was born into a wealthy Quaker family in Darlington, County Durham, northern England. She graduated from Somerville Hall (now Somerville College, Oxford), with Honours in Modern History in 1895, and for a while taught courses through the Extension Division and at Darlington Training College. After the Second Boer War, she traveled to South Africa with a committee to investigate the resettlement of single working women from England to South Africa. In 1906 she married William Scoresby Routledge. The couple went to live among the Kikuyu people of what was then British East Africa, and in 1910 jointly published a book of their research entitled With A Prehistoric People. Easter Island In 1910 the Routledges decided to organize their own expedition to Easter Island/Rapa Nui. They had a state-of-the-art long Schooner built and named it Mana. They affiliated with the British Association for the Advancement of Science, the British Museum and the Royal Geographical Society, recruited a crew and borrowed an officer from the Royal Navy. The Mana departed Falmouth on 25 March 1913. They arrived on Easter Island on 29 March 1914. They established two base camps, one in the area of Mataveri and the other at the statue quarry, Rano Raraku and also explored Orongo and Anakena. With the help of an islander named Juan Tepano, Routledge proceeded to interview the natives and catalogue the moai (giant statues) and the Ahus they had once stood on. They excavated over 30 moai, visited the tribal elders in their leper colony north of Hanga Roa and recorded various legends and oral histories including that of Hotu Matua, the Birdman cult, clan names and territories and data on the enigmatic rongorongo script; Van Tilburg credits her with a primary role in assisting preservation of Rapa Nui's indigenous Polynesian culture. One of her findings was the cultural continuity between the statue carvers and the Polynesian Rapa Nui people resident on the island in her time; the designs carved on the backs of the statues she excavated included the same designs tattooed on the backs and posteriors of elderly islanders in the island's leper colony. As the tattooing tradition had been suppressed by missionaries in the 1860s this particular primary evidence was unavailable to later expeditions except through her records. During their stay, the German East Asia Squadron, including the armored cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau, and the light cruisers Dresden, Leipzig, Emden, rendezvoused off Hanga Roa. While the expedition covered up their main discoveries to hide them from the Germans, the Germans converted their fleet to a fighting trim. By the time the Germans landed 48 British and French merchant seamen from sunken prizes it had become clear to all that World War I had broken out, and Routledge complained sharply of this infringement of neutral Chilean territory to the schoolmaster in his capacity as representative of the Government of Chile; whilst her husband sailed the Mana to Valparaiso to pass on a similar complaint to the British Consul in Santiago. There is no record of what steps the schoolmaster took to persuade the German fleet to leave Chilean waters, but they did depart, most of them to Coronel and the Falklands. Some of the stranded French merchant seamen were recruited as labourers by the expedition. Routledge also decided to mediate in the native rebellion against the sheep ranch that was led by local medicine woman and visionary named Angata. The Routledges departed the island in August, 1915 returning home via Pitcairn and San Francisco. She published her findings in a popular travel book, The Mystery of Easter Island, in 1919. Hundreds of the objects that she and her husband found are now in the Pitt Rivers Museum and the British Museum whilst her paper records are held by the Royal Geographical Society in London. Most of her scientific conclusions are accepted to this day. Health Routledge suffered from early childhood with what is today believed to have been the developing stages of paranoid schizophrenia. However, she was able to carry out anthropological research (often under arduous conditions involving living in close quarters with others for years) with no sign of the condition. Her brother, Harold Pease, also suffered from mental illness, although whether he also suffered from schizophrenia is unclear. Routledge became involved with Spiritualism during her Oxford years and practised automatic writing. After 1925, her schizophrenia got worse and displayed itself in the form of delusional paranoia. She threw Scoresby out of her Hyde Park, London mansion and locked herself inside. She also hid many of her field notes. In 1929 Scoresby and her family had her confined to a mental institution. She died institutionalized in 1935. Her husband gave the field notes he found to the Royal Geographical Society. One of his executors found photographs of the Easter Island expedition ten years after his death. Maps of the expedition were found in Scoresby's house in Cyprus in 1961. Family papers and photographs, previously unpublished, including details of her illness, were made public through a biography of her. Archaeology on Easter Island continues to make use of her field notes and ethnographic research. Notes References Katherine Routledge (1919). The Mystery of Easter Island: The Story of an Expedition, from Internet Archive. Katherine Routledge: The Mystery of Easter Island: New York: Cosmo Classics: 2005: (Reprint) External links Category:1866 births Category:1935 deaths Category:Pease family Category:English archaeologists Category:Alumni of Somerville College, Oxford Category:Easter Island Category:Easter Island people Category:People from Darlington Category:People with schizophrenia Category:Women archaeologists Category:History of mental health in the United Kingdom

Kim Yang-shik

Kim Yang-shik is a Korean poet, essayist and Indologist. The Indian connection Kim Yang-shik was born in Seoul on January 4, 1931. At Ewha Womans University she studied English Literature and then took an MA in Indian philosophy. Inspired by the writings of Rabindranath Tagore, and having made the first of many visits to India in 1975, she founded the Tagore Society of Korea in 1981 and has been steadily translating Tagore's poetical works into Korean. She is also the incumbent Director of the Indian Art Museum in Seoul. She was honored by the Government of India in 2002 with the highest Indian civilian award of the Golden Padma Shri for her contributions to cultural exchange through the Korea-India Cultural Society. Poetry Kim Yang-shik began publishing her own poetry during the 1970s and has authored several collections. Her Indian connection has been fruitful, not only providing her with inspiration for such collections as "The Day Breaks of India" (1999) but also as the country from which several other translations of her work have been published. Her poems have been translated into several other languages and in 2009 there appeared another selection in Swedish translation, De är aldrig ensamma (They are never alone), followed by a French translation, India, in 2014. An essayist in addition, she has published "An Encounter with Foreign Poets" (1978), "Along the Stream of Ganges" (1990) and "Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter" (2000). Among the literary associations to which Kim belongs are the Korean Modern Poets' Association and the Korean Women Writers' Association; she is also involved with the Korean chapter of the International PEN Club. She was the recipient of the Muse Of World Poetry award at the second Congress of World Poets in Taipei in 1973 and the PEN Literary Award from the Korean PEN Club in 2002. The poem "Compassion" gives an idea of Kim's individual style: Works in English translation Bird's Sunrise & other poems, Calcutta, India (1986) India : selected poems by Kim Yang-Shik, Seoul (1993) They Are Never Lonely, translators Jin-sup Kim, Eugene W. Zeilfelder, Seoul (1998) The Day Breaks of India, a trilingual edition with Kim Yang-Shik's Korean originals accompanied by translations into English by Jin-sup Kim, and into Hindi by Divik Ramesh; Delhi, India (1999) References Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education Category:Living people Category:Indologists Category:People from Seoul Category:South Korean writers Category:20th-century South Korean poets Category:Ewha Womans University alumni Category:1931 births Category:South Korean women poets Category:20th-century South Korean women writers

San Leandro Oyster Beds

The San Leandro Oyster Beds in San Leandro, California, were the origin of the oyster industry in the U.S. state of California. During the 1890s, the oyster industry thrived until it became the single most important fishery in the state. According to the description provided by the California Office of Historic Preservation, Moses Wicks is supposed to have been the first to bring seed oysters around Cape Horn and implant them in the San Leandro beds. The oyster industry in San Francisco Bay was at its height around the turn of the 20th century. It reached a secondary peak by 1911 and then faded away because of polluted conditions of the bay. The former site of the oyster beds was named a California Historical Landmark (#824) and is located in the San Leandro Marina. The historical marker has been stolen but the mounting holes remain in a large mosaic depicting oyster harvesting early in the 1900s. A photograph of the site is available online. It shows the curved mosaic mural and the space where the historical marker was formerly located. See also Oyster pirate References Category:California Historical Landmarks Category:History of Alameda County, California Category:Geography of San Leandro, California Category:San Francisco Bay Category:Food and drink in the San Francisco Bay Area Category:Fishing industry

Fillmore High School

Fillmore High School (FHS) is a public comprehensive high school serving grades 9–12 in Fillmore, California, United States that opened in 1912. It is one of two high schools in the Fillmore Unified School District, the other being Sierra High School, a continuation school. Fillmore High School offers twelve Advanced Placement classes and twelve sports. Athletics Fillmore High School athletic teams are nicknamed the Flashes, and the mascot is Flash Man. The school is a charter member of the Citrus Coast League, a conference within the CIF Southern Section that was established in 2018. Prior to that, Fillmore was part of the Tri-County Athletic Association. Fillmore's main rival is Santa Paula High School. The two schools have one of the oldest continuous high school football rivalries in the state of California, having played each other since 1924 and meeting for the 100th time in 2010. Games were not played in 1942 due to World War II, 1969 because of scheduling difficulties, and 2019 due to the Maria Fire. As of 2018, Santa Paula leads the series 61–40–7. Notable alumni François Audouy – Movie production designer Dorothy Leland – Chancellor of the University of California, Merced Hermanos Herrera – a six-sibling Mexican musical style band Kevin Gross – professional baseball player References External links Category:High schools in Ventura County, California Category:Fillmore, California Category:Public high schools in California Category:Educational institutions established in 1911 Category:1911 establishments in California

Neighbour-sensing model

The Neighbour-Sensing mathematical model of hyphal growth is a set of interactive computer models that simulate the way fungi hyphae grow in three-dimensional space. The three-dimensional simulation is an experimental tool which can be used to study the morphogenesis of fungal hyphal networks. The modelling process starts from the proposition that each hypha in the fungal mycelium generates a certain abstract field that (like known physical fields) decreases with increasing distance. Both scalar and vector fields are included in the models. The field(s) and its (their) gradient(s) are used to inform the algorithm that calculates the likelihood of branching, the angle of branching and the growth direction of each hyphal tip in the simulated mycelium. The growth vector is being informed of its surroundings so, effectively, the virtual hyphal tip is sensing the neighbouring mycelium. This is why we call it the Neighbour-Sensing model. Cross-walls in living hyphae are formed only at right angles to the long axis of the hypha. A daughter hyphal apex can only arise if a branch is initiated. So, for the fungi, hyphal branch formation is the equivalent of cell division in animals, plants and protists. The position of origin of a branch, and its direction and rate of growth are the main formative events in the development of fungal tissues and organs. Consequently, by simulating the mathematics of the control of hyphal growth and branching the Neighbour-Sensing model provides the user with a way of experimenting with features that may regulate hyphal growth patterns during morphogenesis to arrive at suggestions that could be tested with live fungi. The model was proposed by Audrius Meškauskas and David Moore in 2004 and developed using the supercomputing facilities of the University of Manchester. The key idea of this model is that all parts of the fungal mycelium have identical field generation systems, field sensing mechanisms and growth direction altering algorithms. Under properly chosen model parameters it is possible to observe the transformation of the initial unordered mycelium structure into various forms, some of them being very like natural fungal fruit bodies and other complex structures. In one of the simplest examples, it is assumed that the hyphal tips try to keep a 45 degree orientation with relation to the Earth’s gravity vector field, and also generate some kind of scalar field that the growing tips try to avoid. This combination of parameters leads to development of hollow conical structures, similar to the fruit bodies of some primitive fungi. In another example, the hypha generates a vector field parallel to the hyphal axis, and the tips tend to turn parallel to that field. After more tips turn in the same direction, their hyphae form a stronger directional field. In this way, it is possible to observe spontaneous orientation of growing hypha in a single direction, which simulates the strands, cords and rhizomorphs produced by many species of fungi in nature. The parameters under which the model operates can be changed during its execution. This allows a greater variety of structures to be formed (including mushroom - like shapes) and may be supposed to simulate cases where the growth strategy depends on an internal biological clock. The Neighbour-Sensing model explains how various fungal structures may arise because of the ‘crowd behaviour’ of the community of hyphal tips that make up the mycelium. Literature Meškauskas A, Fricker M.D, Moore D (2004). Simulating colonial growth of fungi with the Neighbour-Sensing model of hyphal growth. Mycological research, 108, 1241-1256. pdf Meškauskas, A., McNulty, Moore, D. (2004). Concerted regulation of tropisms in all hyphal tips is sufficient to generate most fungal structures. Mycological research, 108, 341-353. pdf Money NP. (2004) Theoretical biology: mushrooms in cyberspace. Nature, 431(7004):32. Davidson A.F, Boswell G.P., Fischer M.W.F, Heaton L., Hofstadler D, Roper M. (2011). IMA Fungus. 2(1): 33–37. NCBI link Additional links Further details are available from these websites: (primary) and (mirror). The programs, with extensive documentation, are distributed as freeware by both these sites. Notes Category:Developmental biology Category:Mycology Category:Theoretical computer science Category:Crowds

Oryzomyini

Oryzomyini is a tribe of rodents in the subfamily Sigmodontinae of family Cricetidae. It includes about 120 species in about thirty genera, distributed from the eastern United States to the southernmost parts of South America, including many offshore islands. It is part of the clade Oryzomyalia, which includes most of the South American Sigmodontinae. The name Oryzomyini derives from that of its type genus, Oryzomys, which means "rice rat" or "rice mouse". Many species are also known as rice rats. Taxonomy Contents of Oryzomyini An oryzomyine group was first envisaged by Oldfield Thomas in the early 20th century. He defined it to include pentalophodont species, which have a mesoloph(id) on the upper and lower molars, with a long palate (extending past the third molars). Thomas included Oligoryzomys, Oecomys, and Oryzomys (which included many species now in other genera), as well as Rhagomys, which is currently classified in the related tribe Thomasomyini instead. In 1944, Hershkovitz proposed a more extended definition of the group, excluding Rhagomys, but including Nectomys (then including Sigmodontomys), Neacomys, and Scolomys. Some subsequent authors did not separate the oryzomyines from the thomasomyines, which were distinguished from them by having a short palate, including Vorontsov, who in 1959 was the first to use Oryzomyini as a formal family-group name. He included most current oryzomyines as well as the thomasomyines and tylomyines, which are now known to be more distantly related. The genera Holochilus (including Lundomys at the time), Pseudoryzomys, and Zygodontomys were not included at the time because of their tetralophodont molars (lacking complete mesoloph(id)s); instead, Holochilus was considered to be a sigmodont, related to Sigmodon and Reithrodon, and Pseudoryzomys and Zygodontomys were considered to be members of Phyllotini, another large South American tribe. Although lacking mesoloph(id)s, these genera share other characters with oryzomyines, and a series of papers by Robert Voss and coworkers in the early 1990s established their membership in Oryzomyini. In a 1993 paper, Voss and Carleton proposed the first cladistic diagnosis of Oryzomyini. They included twelve genera and proposed five synapomorphies for the tribe: presence of a pair of mammae on the chest; a long palate marked by posterolateral palatal pits, perforations near the third molar; absence of an alisphenoid strut, which in some sigmodontines separates two foramina (openings) in the skull; absence of a suspensory process of the squamosal bone attached to the roof of the tympanic cavity, the tegmen tympani; and absence of a gall bladder. Some of these have been reversed in some oryzomyines; for example, an alisphenoid strut is present in several oryzomyines, including Eremoryzomys. The contents of Oryzomyini have been largely stable since, but the allocation of some animals has been contentious. Megaoryzomys, an extinct giant rat from the Galápagos Islands, has been allocated to both Oryzomyini and Thomasomyini, but its correct classification currently remains unclear. The genus Scolomys has been excluded from Oryzomyini on the basis of studies of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, but the nuclear IRBP gene provides evidence for its membership in Oryzomyini. Handleyomys fuscatus was placed in the thomasomyine genus Aepeomys before its close relationship to H. intectus was recognized in 2002. Microakodontomys transitorius was described as a transitional form between oryzomyines and akodontines, but later allied with Oryzomyini and even summarily dismissed as an anomalous Oligoryzomys. In the early 2000s, the advent of molecular phylogenetics has led to progress in the understanding of the relationships of oryzomyines. They are currently classified in the family Cricetidae, which includes the voles, hamsters, deermice, and many other species, chiefly in the Americas and Eurasia. Within this family, they are part of the subfamily Sigmodontinae, which is mainly distributed in South America but also extends into southern North America. Sigmodontinae includes several tribes, most of which cluster into a clade now known as Oryzomyalia, which includes Oryzomyini, Akodontini, Phyllotini, Thomasomyini, and other, smaller groups, but not the cotton rats (Sigmodon) and the Ichthyomyini. Internal classification The relationships among the oryzomyine genera have long been obscure, although several studies provided insights into the relations of some genera. The single most significant problem in oryzomyine taxonomy has been the definition of the type genus, Oryzomys, which in one classification included all animals then recognized as oryzomyines. Many groups were later excluded from the genus, but even so it included forty species that did not form a monophyletic group. In the 2000s, Marcelo Weksler published several studies in which he used evidence from IRBP, a nuclear gene, and morphology to assess the relationships among the members of Oryzomyini. He provided support for several intergeneric relationships and clarified the scale of the Oryzomys problem, as species of Oryzomys appeared in about ten separate clades. In a 2006 publication, he and coworkers described ten new genera for species previously placed in Oryzomys and transferred some others to Handleyomys, leaving only about six species in Oryzomys. Weksler's analyses suggested that oryzomyines fall into four major clades, which were largely congruent across his analyses of morphology and IRBP, but support for all of those was limited and the placement of some genera remained unclear. He dubbed these clades "clade A" through "clade D". Some analyses supported a relationship between clades C and D, which in turn were related to clade B, with clade A at a basal position, but other analyses could not resolve the relationships among the major clades. The four clades are as follows: Clade A includes only Scolomys and Zygodontomys, but support for a relationship between those morphologically and ecologically dissimilar genera was not strong. Clade B includes at least Oecomys, Handleyomys, Euryoryzomys, Transandinomys, Hylaeamys, and Nephelomys, the latter four of which were included in Oryzomys until 2006. Amphinectomys and Mindomys were also recovered in the clade in some analyses, but the former, for which most morphological characters are unknown, is more likely related to Nectomys within clade D and the relations of the latter, a poorly known yet unique animal, are obscure as some analyses suggest it is a basal member of Oryzomyini. There is little support for all intergeneric relationships within the clade. Clade C includes Oligoryzomys, Neacomys, Microryzomys, and Oreoryzomys, which was placed in Oryzomys until 2006. No intergeneric relationships within this clade received substantial support. Clade D includes Drymoreomys, Eremoryzomys, Cerradomys, Sooretamys, Oryzomys, Lundomys, Pseudoryzomys, Holochilus, Aegialomys, Nesoryzomys, Melanomys, Sigmodontomys, Nectomys, most likely Amphinectomys, and the extinct Megalomys, Agathaeromys, and Pennatomys. Eremoryzomys, Cerradomys, Sooretamys, and Aegialomys were included in Oryzomys before 2006. There is some support for a basal placement of Eremoryzomys within this clade and for two major groups of related genera, one including Holochilus, Lundomys, and Pseudoryzomys and the other Nectomys, Amphinectomys, Sigmodontomys, Melanomys, Aegialomys, and Nesoryzomys, with the extinct Megalomys and Pennatomys. The Holochilus–Lundomys–Pseudoryzomys group also includes the extinct Noronhomys and Carletonomys. Oryzomys may be its closest relative, but it is possible that this arrangement is the result of a convergent development of adaptations to a life in the water in the two groups. Within the group of Nectomys and related genera, there is some support for a core group that excludes Aegialomys and Nesoryzomys and for two subclades within the core group, one including Nectomys and Amphinectomys and the other Melanomys and Sigmodontomys. The affinities of some species remain unclear. Many oryzomyines are known from the Lesser Antilles, including "Ekbletomys hypenemus" and species of Megalomys and Oligoryzomys, but most remain undescribed. Description Most oryzomyines are nondescript rodents that look like common house mice and rats, but the tribe also includes some spectacularly specialized forms. The smallest members, mainly in clade C, may have a head-body length of as little as and mass of , but the largest living oryzomyine, Nectomys, reaches head and body lengths over and mass of about ; Lundomys and Holochilus are only a little smaller. Some of the extinct species from the Lesser Antilles, such as "Ekbletomys hypenemus" and Megalomys desmarestii, were even larger. Distribution and ecology Oryzomyines range from New Jersey in the north, where the Marsh Rice Rat (Oryzomys palustris) is found, to Tierra del Fuego in the south, where Oligoryzomys magellanicus occurs. Extinct species are known from Jamaica (Oryzomys antillarum), the Galápagos Islands (Nesoryzomys and Aegialomys galapagoensis), Fernando de Noronha (Noronhomys), and the Lesser Antilles north to Anguilla (Megalomys, Oligoryzomys victus, and several unidentified genera). They are abundant in many environments, from rainforest to grassland. Most live in the forest, but Zygodontomys, Lundomys, Pseudoryzomys, Aegialomys, and Nesoryzomys live exclusively in open vegetation and some other genera include both forest and non-forest forms. Most oryzomyines are relatively unspecialized animals that live on the ground, but Oecomys is specialized to live in trees and various members of clade D, including Holochilus, Oryzomys, and Nectomys, are semiaquatic, spending at least some of their time in the water. References Literature cited Musser, G.G. and Carleton, M.D. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894–1531 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp.  Pardiñas, U.F.J. 2008. A new genus of oryzomyine rodent (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) from the Pleistocene of Argentina (subscription required). Journal of Mammalogy 89(5):1270–1278. Pardiñas, U.F.J., D'Elía, G. and Ortiz, P.E. 2002. Sigmodontinos fósiles (Rodentia, Muroidea, Sigmodontinae) de América del sur: Estado actual de su conocimiento y prospectiva. Mastozoología Neotropical 9(2):209–252 (in Spanish). Percequillo, A.R., Weksler, M., and Costa, L.P. 2011. A new genus and species of rodent from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae: Oryzomyini), with comments on oryzomyine biogeography (subscription required). Zooilogical Journal of the Linnean Society 161(2):357–390. Ray, C.E. 1962. The Oryzomyine Rodents of the Antillean Subregion. Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Harvard University, 211 pp. Turvey, S.T. 2009. Holocene Extinctions. Oxford University Press US, 359 pp.  Turvey, S.T., Weksler, M., Morris, E.L., and Nokkert, M. 2010. Taxonomy, phylogeny, and diversity of the extinct Lesser Antillean rice rats (Sigmodontinae: Oryzomyini), with description of a new genus and species (subscription required). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160:748–772. Voss, R.S. and Carleton, M.D. 1993. A new genus for Hesperomys molitor Winge and Holochilus magnus Hershkovitz (Mammalia, Muridae) with an analysis of its phylogenetic relationships. American Museum Novitates 3085:1–39. Voss, R.S., Gómez-Laverde, M. and Pacheco, V. 2002. A new genus for Aepeomys fuscatus Allen, 1912, and Oryzomys intectus Thomas, 1921: Enigmatic murid rodents from Andean cloud forests. American Museum Novitates 3373:1–42. Voss, R.S. and Myers, P. 1991. Pseudoryzomys simplex (Rodentia: Muridae) and the significance of Lund's collections from the caves of Lagoa Santa, Brazil. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 206:414–432. Weksler, M. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of oryzomyine rodents (Muroidea: Sigmodontinae): separate and combined analyses of morphological and molecular data. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 296:1–149. Weksler, M., Percequillo, A.R. and Voss, R.S. 2006. Ten new genera of oryzomyine rodents (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). American Museum Novitates 3537:1–29. Zijlstra, J.S., Madern, P.A. and Hoek Ostende, L.W. van den. 2010. New genus and two new species of Pleistocene oryzomyines (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) from Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (subscription required). Journal of Mammalogy 91(4):860–873. Category:Sigmodontinae Category:Stored-product pests Category:Vertebrate tribes

Rugby union in Rotuma

Rugby union in Rotuma is a major sport. Rotuma is a dependency of Fiji, although one with a distinctive culture and language, more related to its neighbours in Tonga and Samoa. The Fiji Rugby Football Union is the governing body of rugby union in Rotuma. History Rugby was introduced to Rotuma at the turn of the 20th century, by sailors, and New Zealand missionaries. In 1910, a combined America Universities rugby team comprising mostly players from California, Stanford, and the University of Nevada went on a tour of Australia and New Zealand, as well as Fiji and Rotuma. The underdog American side upset both Rotorua RFC and Auckland RU, which came as a great surprise to the international rugby community. Rugby Sevens has been a sport in the South Pacific Games since the late 1990s. See also Jono Gibbes (maternal side), a New Zealand rugby union player. Graham Dewes, former Fiji rugby union player. NRL player John Sutton. Gabriel Penjueli Maka Kafoa Freddy Kafoa Chloe Butler Rebecca Tavo Nigel Simpson Rocky Khan Ravai Fatiaki, a Fiji rugby union player. Sarafu Fatiaki, former NRL player for the Penrith Panthers. External links http://www.rotuma.net/os/sports/sports2009/sports0901.htm DOI.org http://www.rotumabrisbane.com/ References * Category:Sport in Rotuma

Lusin

Lusin could be one Latinised form of the name of either Lu Xun, a Chinese writer, or Nikolai Luzin, a Russian mathematician Lusin, Venetian name of Lošinj, an island in Croatia Lusin, German name of Luzino, a village in Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in Poland Category:Italian-language surnames

Rebecca Cremona

Rebecca Cremona is a Maltese film director. She is the director and co-writer of Simshar, the first Maltese film to be submitted for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Education Cremona obtained a BA in Film and Comparative Literature from the University of Warwick and an MA in Broadcast Cinema at the Art Center College of Design. She also studied at the American Film Institute Conservatory in Los Angeles. Career Early in her career, Cremona worked on a number of films shot in Malta, most notably Munich and Agora. In 2009 she directed a short film called Magdalene, which went on to win a Student EMMY and a Director’s Guild of America award. In 2014 she directed Simshar, a film which tells the story of the Simshar incident, whereby four persons died in an explosion on a shipping vessel off the coast of Malta. Simshar was submitted for consideration for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, the first ever Maltese film to be submitted for this award. Simshar is widely referred to as the first ever Maltese international feature film. It is reported that Cremona is working on a feature film titled "The Gut", based in the Strait Street area of Valletta, which will feature Maisie Williams in the lead role. Filmography References Category:Maltese film directors Category:Living people Category:Maltese women Category:Maltese artists Category:Women film directors Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

Tarhan-e Sharqi Rural District

Tarhan-e Sharqi Rural District () is a rural district (dehestan) in Tarhan District, Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 5,531, in 1,068 families. The rural district has 13 villages. References Category:Rural Districts of Lorestan Province Category:Kuhdasht County

SEED Foundation

The SEED Foundation (also often referred to as the SEED Schools) is a 501(c)(3) organization, established in 1997 to provide boarding school college-preparatory educational opportunities to underserved students. In 2002, the SEED School of DC received a $100,000 grant from Oprah Winfrey's Angel Network for the construction of new dormitory facilities. In 2010, the SEED schools were featured on 60 Minutes and the Washington D.C. school is featured in the 2010 documentary film Waiting for "Superman". Schools The SEED schools are boarding schools serving disadvantaged students located in Washington, D.C., Maryland, and Miami. The schools integrate "a rigorous academic program with a nurturing boarding program, which teaches life skills and provides a safe and secure environment." The students live in campus dormitories during the week in order to provide students with a uniform residential experience. Washington D.C. The SEED School in Washington, D.C., opened in 1998, has an enrollment of 320 students from sixth through twelfth grades. The school serves students from across Washington, D.C. The majority of SEED students live in the Southeast, Washington, D.C. neighborhood. The D.C. school has been called successful with "91 percent of ninth graders go on to graduate and 96 percent of graduating seniors are accepted to four-year colleges". The SEED school in Washington D.C. was visited by U.S president Barack Obama in April 2009, where the president also hosted a bill signing ceremony to enact a national service act. The school was also visited by Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall. Maryland The SEED School of Maryland, opened in August 2008, draws students from across the state. The school currently has an enrollment of 400 students from sixth through twelfth grades. The school's first class of seniors graduated in May 2015. The school is located at 200 Font Hill, Baltimore, Maryland () Miami The SEED School of Miami opened in August 2014 on the Florida Memorial University (FMU) campus in Miami Gardens. It serves 97 sixth- and seventh-graders from all over South Florida in a safe and secure 24-hour environment. Other schools SEED has announced plans to expand with additional schools in other U.S. cities. Lad Lake met with SEED Foundation officials when they were planning their own charter school. References The Inner-City Prep School Experience. New York Times Magazine, September 25, 2009 America's Most Amazing Schools #8 - SEED Schools. Ladies Home Journal THE SCHOOL ISSUE: HIGH SCHOOL; A Different Kind of Prep School. New York Times Magazine, September 27, 2009 Kingman Park Fights a School Many Praise; SEED Facility Counts Mayor, Oprah Among Supporters. The Washington Post, May 7, 2006 SEED School gains with $100,000. Washington Times, December 1, 2005 SEED's Harvest. Washington Post, June 30, 2004 Planting a Seed at D.C. School. Roll Call, November 7, 1997 External links The SEED Foundation (website) Category:Boarding schools in Maryland Category:Foundations based in Washington, D.C. Category:Educational foundations in the United States Category:Organizations established in 1997 Category:Charter schools in the United States

Pamela Dalton

Pamela Dalton is a cognitive psychologist. She has a Ph.D. in experimental psychology and a Masters in Public Health. Dalton is frequently quoted by the popular press as an authority on environmental odors. She is most notable for her contributions to the research toward the fields of sick building syndrome and multiple chemical sensitivity. In the past she has worked with the United States Department of Defense on nonlethal weapons development, or the enhancement of bad odors as weapons. She currently works at the Monell Chemical Senses Center. NIH Toolbox She was a contributor to the NIH Toolbox for the Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function, as a member of the NIH Toolbox steering committee and the Olfaction team, developing the NIH Toolbox Odor Identification Test. The contract for the NIH Toolbox for the Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (www.nihtoolbox.org) was initiated by the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research (www.neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov) in 2006 to develop a set of state-of-the-art measurement tools to enhance collection of data in large cohort studies in biomedical research. PTSD Dalton has extensively researched the relationship between smell and negative memories. She has conducted experiments showing that a strong odourant can turn even a mundane experience into a vivid and permanent memory. This research has important implications for studying and treating PTSD. Dalton continued this line of research in order to determine if it is possible to inoculate people with certain odors in order to prevent the formation of traumatic memories. She found that if you first exposed someone to a strong door in a non-threatening environment and then exposed them to the same odor in a stressful, negative context there was no association between the smell and the negative memory. Dalton's research led to the United States military changing how it trains soldiers. Mock combat environments used for training exercises now include olfactory cues designed to mimic smells like dead bodies, open sewers, melting plastic, etc. Stink bomb Dalton was asked by the United States military to design a "stink bomb" in 1998. Dalton discovered that culture and geography mediate the sense of smell. Despite this problem, she eventually discovered a universally hated smell and packaged it as "Stink Soup." References External links Dr. Dalton's homepage at Monell's website This Woman Invented the World's Worst Smell Category:American women psychologists Category:Cognitive psychologists Category:21st-century American biologists Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)

Stepan Poltorak

Stepan Poltorak () was the Minister of Defence of Ukraine from 14 October 2014 until 29 August 2019. Previously he was the commander of the Internal Troops of Ukraine and National Guard of Ukraine. Poltorak's rank was General of the army of Ukraine. From 1 January 2019, Poltorak remained the country's defense minister as a civilian, after resigning from military service in October 2018. Poltorak resigned at the request of newly inaugurated president Volodymyr Zelensky on 20 May 2019. Biography Poltorak was born on 11 February 1965 in the village Vesela Dolyna (located in the Tarutyne Raion, Odessa Oblast). He has served in the military since August 1983. Poltorak is a graduate from Ordzhonikidzevsky highest military command college of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. Poltorak has a Ph.D. In 2003 he successfully defended his thesis on "Pedagogical conditions of the skills of the commander unit in the future officers of the Interior Ministry of Ukraine". In March 2002 Poltorak was appointed head of the Academy of the Interior Ministry of Ukraine in Kharkiv. On 28 February 2014 acting President of Ukraine Oleksandr Turchynov appointed Poltorak commander of the Internal Troops of Ukraine. When the National Guard of Ukraine was reestablished on 13 March 2014, Poltorak became its first commander on 15 April 2014. On 14 October 2014, Ukraine's Verkhovna Rada approved Poltorak's appointment as Ukraine's Minister of Defence. , replacing Valeriy Heletey, who was appointed head of the State Security Administration after President Petro Poroshenko accepted his resignation. President Poroshenko accepted Poltorak's resignation from military service on 13 October 2018. Poltorak stayed on as Minister of Defence. Poltorak resigned at the request of newly inaugurated president Volodymyr Zelensky on 20 May 2019. His official tenure as Defence Minister ended on 29 August 2019 when Andriy Zahorodniuk was appointed his successor. Family and Personal Life Poltorak is married to Inna (who is two years younger than him) and has an adult son called Ihor. His wife is a captain at Poltorak former posting, the Academy of the Interior Ministry of Ukraine in Kharkiv. Awards and decorations References External links Biography on the official website of Kharkiv Category:1965 births Category:People from Tarutyne Raion Category:Living people Category:General of the Army (Ukraine) Category:National University of Defense of Ukraine alumni Category:Defence ministers of Ukraine Category:Heads of universities and colleges in Ukraine Category:Recipients of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 3rd class Category:People of the National Guard of Ukraine Category:Ukrainian military personnel of the War in Donbass

Wild Oats Markets

Wild Oats Marketplace (registered as Wild Oats Marketing, LLC) is a producer of natural and organic food distributed through partnerships in the United States. Founded in 1987 in Boulder, Colorado, it was originally a chain of natural foods stores operating throughout the Western and Southwestern United States. In 2007, it was purchased by Whole Foods Market, Inc, but an FTC objection resulted in a reversal of the purchase. In 2010, the company was bought by Luberski Inc. (d.b.a. as Hidden Villa Ranch), a West Coast-based food distributor, who then sold it to The Yucaipa Companies in 2012. Wild Oats currently produces and distributes various food products, including cereal, beverages, condiments, frozen and fresh items through partnerships with Walmart stores nationally and through Fresh & Easy stores in California, Nevada and Arizona. The company is headquartered in Addison, Texas. Wild Oats Markets acquired their local competitor, the 11-store Boulder-based Alfalfa's Markets chain, in July 1996. Three Capers Community Market natural foods stores, located in British Columbia, were part of the Alfalfa's acquisition and have maintained the Capers name. In 1999, Wild Oats acquired several other chains, including 11 San Diego-based Henry's Marketplace stores, the Nature's Northwest chain of stores in Portland, OR, and nine San Antonio-based Sun Harvest stores. Wild Oats announced that it would close all five Henry's Farmers Market stores in Arizona in December 2006, and would instead focus on the Wild Oats banner in that market. In 2001, Perry Odak who previously held executive positions at Ben & Jerry’s, became President and Chief Executive Officer of Wild Oats Markets. Odak resigned in October 2006 after he and the company were unable to reach an agreement for a new employment contract. Gregory Mays, Chairman of the Board, was named interim chief executive officer. Mays is a former chief financial officer of Ralphs Grocery Co. Partnerships Pathmark stores Wild Oats Markets partnered with Pathmark Stores beginning in February 2007 when Pathmark added Wild Oats brand private-label goods to all of its 141 northeast US stores. About 150 different natural and organic products were included in the partnership, including specialty products such as imported Italian sodas, balsamic vinegar, organic fruit spreads and flatbread crackers. Walmart After a partnership agreement by Yucaipa Cos., the relaunch of the branch occurred in April 2014 as an expansion of the organic selections at Walmart stores nationwide. Fresh & Easy Markets Fresh & Easy began testing a new concept under the Wild Oats banner at a single store in Scottsdale, Arizona in February 2015. The store opened on February 6 and “...will help us garner insights and learnings about the [Wild Oats] brand and give customers even more options to shop for healthy convenience items," said a company spokesman. He said Fresh & Easy had no plans to put the Wild Oats name on any additional stores. Fresh & Easy decided to test the new Wild Oats concept in Scottsdale, the spokesman said, “because the original Wild Oats chain had a long history stores there and we felt consumers there would be excited to have us use it as a test market.” The test is open-ended, he added, with no specific timeframe. The store is formally called Wild Oats by Fresh & Easy. Proposed sale to Whole Foods Market On February 21, 2007, Whole Foods Market announced that it had agreed to acquire Wild Oats for an estimated $565 million. On 27 June 2007, the Federal Trade Commission issued an administrative complaint challenging the acquisition. According to the complaint, the FTC believed that the proposed transaction "would violate federal antitrust laws by eliminating the substantial competition between these two uniquely close competitors in the operation of premium natural and organic supermarkets nationwide" and contended that "if the transaction goes forward Whole Foods would have the ability to raise prices and reduce quality and services." On July 29, 2008, the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia overturned the district court's decision allowing the merger. The Court of Appeals ruled that "premium natural, and organic supermarkets" ("PNOS"), such as Whole Foods and Wild Oats, constitute a distinct submarket of all grocers. The court ruled that "mission driven" consumers (those with an emphasis on social and environmental responsibility) would be adversely affected by the merger because substantial evidence by the FTC showed that Whole Foods intended to raise prices after consummation of the merger. In 2009, Whole Foods agreed to sell the Wild Oats chain. Notable achievements Supermarket News ranked Wild Oats No. 63 in the 2007 "Top 75 North American Food Retailers" based on 2006 fiscal year estimated sales of $1.2 billion. Wild Oats was included in Corporate Responsibility Officer (CRO) magazine’s annual “100 Best Corporate Citizens” list for 2007, ranking No. 59 out of 1,100 U.S. public companies surveyed. The ranking is based on measures of corporate service to eight groups: shareholders, community, governance, diversity, employees, environment, human rights and product. Wild Oats contributed to the success of fairtrade bananas in its early days by committing to TransFair USA to replace the store's organic bananas with Fair Trade organic bananas. TransFair needed this commitment by a large retail chain to start this business, because of needed economies of scale and turnover speed. References External links Wild Oats Marketplace Category:American companies established in 1987 Category:Retail companies established in 1987 Category:Companies based in Boulder, Colorado Category:Organic food retail organizations Category:Defunct supermarkets of the United States Category:Private equity portfolio companies Category:Health food stores

Bethmann family

The Bethmann family (; ) has been remarkable for the high proportion of its male members who succeeded at mercantile or financial endeavors. This family trait began in medieval northern Germany and continued with the Bethmann bank, which Johann Philipp Bethmann (1715–1793) and Simon Moritz Bethmann (1721–1782) founded in 1748 and soon catapulted into the foremost ranks of German and European banks. Even after the bank's sale in 1976, there are Bethmanns engaged in commercial real estate and forestry in the 21st century. The most notable of the Bethmanns was Simon Moritz von Bethmann (1768–1826), a banker, diplomat, politician, philanthropist and patron of the arts. His sister Maria Elisabeth was the mother of Marie d'Agoult and the grandmother of Cosima Wagner; his sister Susanne Elisabeth was the great-grandmother of Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg. Beginnings in Goslar The Bethmann family, which produced the famous Bethmann banking dynasty, resided in Frankfurt am Main from the early 18th century onward. Earlier ancestors had come from the northern German town of Goslar. There – as burghers but not feudal nobility – the Bethmanns were among the upper crust of urban families. As such, they were entitled to delegate representatives to the town council and to bear a coat of arms; the earliest mention of the Bethmann name in Hanseatic Goslar – in the registrum parochianorum, a compendium on wax tablets of the town's parishioners – dates back to a Heinrich Bethmann in 1416. The surname "Bethmann" likely was an occupational name (like "Bäcker"/"Baker") given to collectors of the bede penninc, a tax requested (erbeten) from freemen in the Middle Ages. Subsequently, other Bethmanns – a Tile, a Bartold, a Hans and an Albrecht – appear in the records of Goslar, as owners of houses on Stonestrate and Korngasse, and as witnesses in the sale of houses. Another Tile buys a house on Knochenhauerstraße in 1492, serves on the town council, and is mentioned ten times between 1503 and 1520 as Munteherr, the title of an official responsible for minting of specie and weighing the metals produced from mining. In 1512, Henning Bethmann, the great-great-grandfather of Konrad Bethmann, is accepted into the merchants' guild. In 1515, he is appointed Tafelherr, i.e. the councillor responsible for the town finances; this is followed by appointments to the posts of Munteherr in 1528, Kistenherr in 1538, and in 1548 supervisor of the vitriol works that extracted copper vitriol from ore. A Bartoldt Bethmann sold a house on Piepmäkerstraße in 1548 and another on Glockengießerstraße in 1566. Henning's grandson Hieronymus is recorded in 1590 as a member of the merchants' guild; four years later, he married Ilsebey Drönewolf in St. Stephan's church. Hieronymus served as chairman of the merchants' guild, as Kornherr responsible for grain stocks, town councillor, member of the Sechsmann inner council and finally of the Neuer or governing council. Hieronymus died as the Swedes were entering Goslar. The town never fully recovered from the ransacking and pillaging of the Thirty Years' War, especially the three years of Swedish occupation. Some of the 19th century literature incorrectly claimed that the family had originated in the Netherlands. The family assigned its archives in 1965 to the city of Frankfurt. The Bethmanns' archival materials occupy some 300 meters of shelf space, and the oldest document therein is a calligraphed agreement dated 29 May 1321, regulating traffic on the street between the Basler Hof property, which the Bethmanns purchased in 1762, and a neighboring house. Coat of arms The Bethmann family's coat of arms can be traced to 1530. On the dexter side of a split shield, half an eagle in black is displayed against a golden background, while the sinister side displays two diagonal red bars against a silver background. At a later date, the motto tuebor (Latin for "I shall protect") was added. To Nassau and Aschaffenburg Konrad Bethmann (sometimes spelled "Conrad") (1652–1701) was born in Goslar as the seventh child of the merchant Andreas Bethmann, four years after the Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years' War. Much of Germany then was a patchwork of small to medium-sized jurisdictions. While this factor impeded development towards a nation-state, it ensured plentiful job opportunities for ambitious bureaucrats and entrepreneurs. Konrad left his hometown for an apprenticeship in Eisleben. He served as Münzwardein in Dömitz (Mecklenburg), then was appointed in 1683 Münzmeister to the Princess of Nassau-Holzappel in Cramberg on the Lahn river, followed by his appointment in 1687 as Münzmeister (Master of the Mint) to the Teutonic Knights in Friedberg, and in 1692 as Münzmeister for the Archbishopric and Electorate of Mainz in Aschaffenburg. He bequeathed a substantial fortune to his widow, Anna Elisabeth (1654–1727), whom he had married in 1678. She was a native of the northern German town of Minden, where the church of St Simeon, Protestant since 1529, and the Roman Catholic monastery of St Maurice stand side by side to this day. This may explain why in subsequent generations, there was always one son named "Simon Moritz". As a Protestant, the widowed Anna Elisabeth and her children quitted the Archbishopric for the Lutheran city of Frankfurt am Main; there she found it easier to comply with her religious obligations and benefited from the presence of relatives. Three of her daughters married citizens of Frankfurt. Her son Simon Moritz Bethmann (1687–1725) served the House of Nassau-Weilburg as an Amtmann or bailiff-magistrate, in Bergnassau on the river Lahn. This Simon Moritz Bethmann had three sons: Johann Philipp Bethmann (1715–1793), Johann Jakob Bethmann (1717–1792) and Simon Moritz Bethmann (1721–1782). Founding of the bank Upon the death of Simon Moritz Bethmann in 1725, his widow Elisabeth Bethmann, formerly Thielen (1680–1757), returned to Frankfurt, where she became housekeeper in the household of her brother-in-law, the merchant Jakob Adami (1670–1745). In his will, he bequeathed to his nephews half of his fortune. Johann Philipp and Simon Moritz took control of the Jacob Adami trading enterprise, out of which in 1748 the banking enterprise of Gebrüder Bethmann developed. This eventually became the House of Bethmann. Johann Jakob – the middle brother – established a trading branch in Bordeaux. Later he became the imperial consul in Bordeaux and founded the Bordeaux branch of the family, which continues to this day. Within a short span of time, the Bethmann bank developed into one of Frankfurt's leading Christian-owned banks, on a scale comparable only to its younger rival, the House of Rothschild. The bank's fortunes began to rise in 1754 based on its business in imperial, princely and municipal bonds and skyrocketed from 1778, thanks to the bank's innovation in breaking the amount borrowed by the Austrian emperor down into "sub-bonds" (Partialobligationen) at 1000 guldens each offered to the public, which made them tradeable in secondary markets. This transformed the bank from a lender to an underwriter of bond issues. At one point, the profits of Gebrüder Bethmann exceeded those of all its Frankfurt competitors put together, and it ranked first among all German banks. Simon Moritz, a major donor to Frankfurt's Citizens' Hospital, died without issue, but the marriage in 1762 between his elder brother Johann Philipp and Katharina Margarethe Schaaf (1741–1822), daughter of the Frankfurt notable Anton Schaaf, produced six children, four of whom survived to adulthood: Susanne Elisabeth (1763–1833) was married in 1780 to the Frankfurt merchant Johann Jakob Hollweg (1748–1808), who changed his name to Bethmann-Hollweg upon marriage. Her son Moritz August would become a Prussian minister of state, and his grandson in turn was Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, who served as Imperial German Chancellor from 1909 to 1917. Simon Moritz (1768–1826) was among the most notable of Frankfurt's bankers, statesmen and philanthropists. Maria Elisabeth (1772–1847) was married in 1790 to the banker Johann Jakob Bußmann (1756–1791). Widowed only a year later, she remarried, this time to émigré French aristocrat Alexandre Victor Francois Vicomte de Flavigny (1770–1819). Her daughter from the second marriage was Marie d'Agoult (1805–1876), who in turn gave birth to several children, among them—from her liaison to Franz Liszt –- Cosima Wagner (1837–1930). Sophie Elisabeth (1774–1862). First families of Frankfurt In Frankfurt, the beginnings of an independent polity date back to the grant of privileges to its citizens by then king Friedrich II in 1217. Not long after, an upper crust of burgher families began to constitute itself. To them were reserved seats on the town council, which were passed on by inheritance to the sons of the council members. This clique of generally wealthy families was called Patricians, after the patricii ruling families of ancient Rome. Some of these patrician families, like the Holzhausens, had an unbroken run of sixteen generations on the town council from the 13th to the 18th century. As the daughter of a Kaiserlicher Rat and Schöffe, Katharina Margarete Schaaf gained her husband Johann Philipp access to Patrician society; she was on familiar terms with the mother of Goethe and, even after she was widowed, maintained a respected salon where she received Madame de Staël in 1808. By 1816, when Frankfurt's new constitution abolished the privilege of heritable office for the Patrizier, the cachet of belonging to one of their societies had already become much less significant. A man in full – pragmatic and enlightened Upon the death of Johann Philipp Bethmann in 1793, his son Simon Moritz became head of the House of Bethmann. His peers called him "Frankfurt's premier citizen", while in France some called him le roi de Francfort. His financial dealings gained him entrance to nearly all the ruling families of Europe, and he exploited these contacts on numerous diplomatic missions on behalf of his hometown. In 1802 he negotiated successfully with France for a reduction of her demand for contributions to the cost of war. In the negotiations on the German mediatisation, he bargained for and achieved the secularization of ecclesiastical assets within the territory of Frankfurt for the benefit of the imperial city. In 1802 he was appointed Russian consul for Frankfurt, followed by his appointment in 1807 as Russian Consul General and Staatsrat or Russian Counselor of State. In 1808 he received the patent of an Austrian nobleman from Francis I, Emperor of Austria. Thenceforth, he and his descendants would be named von Bethmann. However, to the people of Frankfurt his "Russian" title of Staatsrat stuck, and so even after he returned that commission to Tsar Alexander I he was simply known as the Staatsrat. On 31 October 1813 the retreating Emperor Napoleon spent the night as an unannounced guest at the Bethmanns' garden house. Bethmann's negotiating skills managed to persuade the French to withdraw their army without further bloodshed from Frankfurt. Besides promoting commerce, Simon Moritz von Bethmann was an ardent supporter of the arts and sciences in the city of Frankfurt. In 1812 Bethmann inaugurated a museum of antique and classicist sculpture within a stretch of land that he had turned into a park six years earlier. (Both the building and the park were sold to the city in 1856). His donations made it possible to establish the city library on the northern bank of the river Main between 1820 and 1825. He was a major donor and co-founder of secondary schools (Musterschule in 1803, Philanthropin in 1804, Weißfrauenschule in 1806); his efforts on behalf of the Philanthropin were particularly noteworthy, for in supporting this Jewish school and promoting its cause among his Christian brethren, Simon Moritz was ahead of his time. In 1687 when Anna Elisabeth Bethmann named a son Simon Moritz, it may have been that she wanted to show her support for ecumenicism or it may simply have been that she fondly remembered the twin landmarks of her hometown. For her great-grandson—the third Simon Moritz—there was nothing accidental about what he set out to do: support the Jews in their struggle for civil rights. In this respect, Simon Moritz was not unique. A generation earlier, Enlightenment figures like Gotthold Ephraim Lessing had begun militating for Jewish emancipation. Unusually, however, at the same time that Simon Moritz was helping the Jews of Frankfurt to secure greater freedoms for themselves, he was carrying on a fierce business rivalry with the Rothschilds in which no quarter was ever given. On Christmas Day 1826, he suffered a stroke in a box seat of Frankfurt's municipal theater, an institution which he had co-endowed, and succumbed two days afterward. Bethmann was buried in the cemetery of the Church of Peter in Frankfurt, where his grave is preserved to this day. Simon Moritz von Bethmann had married Louise Friederike née Boode (1792–1869), daughter of a respected Dutch family, granddaughter of a Huguenot named Martin and a native of British Guiana, in 1810. The Louisa park off a major carriage route in the southwest part of Frankfurt is named after Louise von Bethmann. Four sons issued from this marriage: Philipp Heinrich Moritz Alexander von Bethmann (1811–1877) Carl Ludwig Caesar von Bethmann (1812–1871) Alexander von Bethmann (1814–1883) Jacob Heinrich Friedrich von Bethmann (d. 1845 without issue) Because Bethmann's sons had not yet achieved the age of majority upon their father's death, the bank's partners stepped in as pro tem directors of the bank. In 182,8 his widow remarried to Matthias Franz Joseph Borgnis (1798–1867). Magnates of industrial revolution In 1833, Moritz von Bethmann succeeded to the directorship of the bank. He financed the construction of numerous railways in Germany and made especially sure that Frankfurt turned into an early node of rail traffic. Together with the House of Rothschild, Moritz started the Taunus-Eisenbahn AG in 1836, the Frankfurt-Hanau railroad in 1844, and the Rheingau railroad in 1845, to name just a selection. Investments were made during the 1850s in other European railroads – such as the Italian Central Railroad, the Austrian state railroad, and the Rhine/Nahe railroad established in 1856. In 1842 he became a Prussian consul, then Prussian Consul General in the Free City of Frankfurt from 1854 to 1866. He was granted the heritable title of Freiherr, a rank of minor nobility, in the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1854. Also in 1854 he co-founded the Frankfurter Bank, in 1862 the Frankfurter Hypothekenbank, and in 1873 the Degussa company. In 1863, he hosted the German princes convening to discuss constitutional reform in his garden mansion. Following in the footsteps of his father, he too was a generous patron of the arts in Frankfurt and contributed heavily to philanthropic causes, arts and letters, and organized equestrian activities. On 18 September 1848, he gave refuge to mortally wounded Prince Felix Lichnowsky who had been attacked by a mob ostensibly outraged over foreign policy decisions. He was married to Marie von Bose. Moritz' brother Carl Ludwig Caesar von Bethmann purchased the castle of Fechenbach in 1842, earning him the title of a Bavarian Freiherr. His oldest son Karl Moritz "Charly" von Bethmann proved a spendthrift and got himself in hock to a loan shark charging 6 per cent interest a week. Karl Moritz was hoping for a rescue from the House of Bethmann, but Moritz von Bethmann was unfazed: he said that total ruination was the best cure for his profligate nephew Charly. The last male descendant of this line, Karl Alexander Moritz Freiherr von Bethmann, died in 1942. Fechenbach castle was sold to a private buyer named Wissler but confiscated by the Nazis a year later. Following the end of WWII and after a decade as an orphanage, the property was restituted to the Wissler family, who completed its construction in 2006. Ludwig Simon Moritz Freiherr von Bethmann (1844–1902), the eldest son of Moritz von Bethmann and Marie von Bose, married Baroness Helene von Wendland. Trained in London, he joined Gebrüder Bethmann as partner in 1869. He gained broad experience in several industries, serving as non-executive director on the boards of rail and banking companies. This Simon Moritz kept up the railroad business but also got the bank involved in municipal bonds and industrial investments worldwide. A passionate huntsman and athlete, he became a wheelchair user following a riding accident in 1879. He gave generously to local and charitable causes, sponsoring the Golden Book of Frankfurt am Main in 1902. Of their three children, only Simon Moritz survived. After serving as First Lieutenant in World War I, he set out to transform the Bethmann bank into a full-service bank. Simon Moritz Henning August Freiherr von Bethmann (1887–1966): following studies of the law in Lausanne and Leipzig, he joined Gebrüder Bethmann as partner in 1913. In 1914, he married Maximiliane Countess Schimmelpenninck, a granddaughter of Dr. Eugen Lucius, a founder of Hoechst AG, thus adding the landed estate of Gut Schönstadt near Marburg to the Bethmann holdings. He joined the board of the stock exchange and became its president in 1933. This Simon Moritz contributed his time to numerous cultural institutions of Frankfurt, such as the administration of the Städel museum, as well as non-profit foundations. He co-founded the first Rotary Club in Frankfurt and accepted an appointment as Swedish Consul General. In 1929, he served as chairman of the supervisory board of Frankfurter Bank. When World War II ended, he was a lieutenant colonel (reserve). Gadfly author and last of the bankers (1924–2007) Zu wenig studiert: Privatbankier von Bethmann empfiehlt der Bundesbank ein unorthodoxes Rezept gegen die Inflation: Die Zinsen müssen runter. Albrecht Freiherr von Bethmann (born 1956) – commercial real estate Christian Freiherr von Bethmann (born 1958) – forestry owner and consultant, and commercial real estate Eponymous sites, Bethmännchen In Frankfurt, the Bethmann family name is honored in Bethmannstraße, a short street in Frankfurt's old part of town; the Bethmann park in Frankfurt's Nordend district; and the Bethmannschule, a vocational school for office careers. A statue of Simon Moritz von Bethmann by sculptor Eduard Schmidt von der Launitz was erected on the centenary of his birth in the Friedberger Anlage, a landscaped portion of the razed city ramparts. According to a popular story, the Bethmännchen, a marzipan confection, was created in 1838 by the Paris pastry chef Jean Jacques Gautenier, then the head cuisinier in the Bethmann household. The four almond halves stuck onto the Bethmännchen were said to represent each one of the four sons, with one of the four almond pieces left off following the death of Heinrich in 1845. Notes Bibliography Herders Conversations-Lexikon, vol.  1. Freiburg im Breisgau  1854 Neues deutsches Adels-Lexicon, Ernst Heinrich Kneschke (ed.), vol.  1. Leipzig  1859 Allgemeine deutsche Biographie, vol.  2, Leipzig 1875 Die Grenzboten: Zeitschrift für Politik, Literatur und Kunst, F. L. Herbig (publisher),  1878 Brockhaus' Konversationslexikon, Leipzig, Berlin and Vienna, 14th edition  1894–1896 Paul Joseph, Eduard Fellner: Die Münzen von Frankfurt am Main nebst einer münzgeschichtlichen Einleitung und mehreren Anhängen,  1896 Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, vol.  2, Leipzig  1905 Claus Helbing: Die Bethmanns. Aus der Geschichte eines alten Handelshauses zu Frankfurt am Main. Gericke, Wiesbaden  1948. Alexander Dietz: Frankfurter Handelsgeschichte, Glashütten  1971, reprint of 1925  edition Fritz Stern: Gold and Iron. Vintage, 1979, Wolfgang Klötzer: Das Familienarchiv der Bethmanns, in: Wahrlich eine schöne Stadt. Kleine Schriften zur Frankfurter Kulturgeschichte, Verlag Waldemar Kramer (publishers), Frankfurt am Main, 1985, Erich Pfeiffer-Belli: Junge Jahre im alten Frankfurt, Wiesbaden and Munich, 1986, Wolfgang Klötzer (ed.): Frankfurter Biographie. Erster Band A-L. Verlag Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1994, Hans Sarkowicz (ed.): Die großen Frankfurter, Frankfurt am Main and Leipzig, 1994, Ralf Roth: Stadt und Bürgertum in Frankfurt am Main, doctoral thesis, University of Frankfurt am Main,  1996 Christine Magin: Die Inschriften der Stadt Goslar, L. Reichert (publishers), 1997, Carl-Ludwig Holtfrerich: Frankfurt as a Financial Center: From Medieval Trade Fair to European Banking Centre, Munich, 1999, , Google Books Preview Niall Ferguson: The House of Rothschild. Volume 1, Money's Prophets: 1798-1848. Penguin, 1999, Patrick Hanks (ed.): Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2006, External links Herders Conversations-Lexikon, page  517, volume 1 Neues deutsches Adels-Lexicon, incl. citations, page  388, vol. 1 Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, pages  574-576, signed entry by "Stricker" Brockhaus' Konversationslexikon, page  899, vol. 2 Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon  1905 vol.  2 Portion of map showing the various principalities of Nassau up to 1800 Aschaffenburg on French map dated 1681 Carl Ludwig Caesar von Bethmann and his descendants ABN AMRO Private Banking webpage showing timeline of Bethmann bank up to and past its merger into ABN AMRO Die Bank, die Goethes Reisen finanzierte by Claudia Wanner, article in Handelsblatt, first published 27  January  2005 Photographs of Bethmann park and Chinese gardens therein Category:People from Frankfurt Category:German bankers Category:German families Category:History of banking Category:History of Frankfurt

Artie Smith

Artie Enlow Smith (born May 15, 1970) is a former professional American football defensive end in the National Football League for the Cincinnati Bengals, San Francisco 49ers, and Dallas Cowboys. He played college football at Louisiana Tech University. Early years Smith attended Stillwater High School, where he was a two-time All-state selection at defensive end. He also played tight end and defensive tackle. He was a two-time All-conference selection in basketball. He accepted a football scholarship from Louisiana Tech University. As a senior, he finished with 81 tackles. He had 12 tackles against the University of Alabama. He had 9 tackles and blocked a field goal against the University of South Carolina. He also participated in track, where he was the Sun Belt Conference Discus throw champion as a junior in 1992. Professional career San Francisco 49ers Smith was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the fifth round (116th overall) of the 1993 NFL Draft. As a rookie, he played in 9 games and started in 2 at right defensive end. On September 15, 1994, he was part of the cuts made after 2 games, to make room to sign Deion Sanders and Charles Mann. Cincinnati Bengals On September 16, 1994, Smith was claimed off waivers by the Cincinnati Bengals and played in 7 games as a reserve defensive end. In 1995, he was a starter at right defensive end, right defensive tackle and left defensive tackle, registering 44 tackles and 2 sacks. The next year, he played in 16 games (12 starts), while registering 34 tackles. He was released on August 4, 1997. New England Patriots On March 11, 1998, he signed with the New England Patriots as a free agent after being out of football for a year. He was traded to the Dallas Cowboys in exchange for future considerations on August 25. Dallas Cowboys In 1998, he played a full season with the Dallas Cowboys as a reserve defensive tackle, posting 24 tackles, 7 quarterback pressures and one blocked field goal. Kansas City Chiefs On April 22, 1999, he was signed as a free agent by the Kansas City Chiefs. He was released on September 5. References Category:1970 births Category:Living people Category:People from Stillwater, Oklahoma Category:Players of American football from Oklahoma Category:American football defensive ends Category:Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football players Category:San Francisco 49ers players Category:Cincinnati Bengals players Category:New England Patriots players Category:Dallas Cowboys players Category:Kansas City Chiefs players

Liberec

Liberec (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It is on the Lusatian Neisse and surrounded by the Jizera Mountains and Ještěd-Kozákov Ridge. It is the fifth-largest city in the Czech Republic. Liberec was once home to a thriving textile industry and hence nicknamed the "Manchester of Bohemia". For many Czechs, Liberec is mostly associated with the city's dominant Ještěd Tower. Since the end of the 19th century, the city has been a conurbation with the suburb of Vratislavice and the neighboring town of Jablonec nad Nisou. Therefore, the total area with suburbs encompasses 150,000 inhabitants. That makes Liberec the third-largest city, including the suburbs, in Bohemia after Prague and Plzeň. History Probably at the end of the 13th century, a settlement was established on the trade route from Bohemia to Lusatia. Liberec first belonged to the Bieberstein and Redern families and was first mentioned in a document of 1348. When Redern family after the Battle of White Mountain was forced to leave Liberec, it was acquired to the possessions of Albrecht von Wallenstein. After his death it belonged to the Gallas and Clam Gallas families. The cloth-making industry was introduced in 1579. The prosperous local industry was interrupted by the Thirty Years' War and a great plague in the 1680s. The Battle of Reichenberg between Austria and Prussia occurred nearby in 1757 during the Seven Years' War. Until 1918 the town was part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, Austrian monarchy (Austrian side after the compromise of 1867), seat of the Reichenberg district, one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia. At one time the second city of Bohemia, the city developed rapidly at the end of the 19th century and as a result has a spectacular collection of late-19th-century buildings; the town hall, the opera house and the North Bohemian Museum are of note. The Opera House has a spectacular main curtain designed by the Austrian artist Gustav Klimt. The neighbourhoods on the hills above the town centre display beautiful homes and streets, laid out in a picturesque Romantic style similar to some central European thermal spas. After the end of World War I Austria-Hungary fell apart. The Czechs of Bohemia joined newly established Czechoslovakia on 29 October 1918 whilst the Germans wanted to create independent German Austria on 12 November 1918, both citing Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points and the doctrine of self-determination. Reichenberg was declared the capital of the German-Austrian province of German Bohemia. However, as these lands were historically an integral part of the Duchy and Kingdom of Bohemia, on 16 December 1918 the Czechoslovak Army entered Reichenberg and the whole province and both remained part of Czechoslovakia. In the 1920s and the 1930s, Liberec became the unofficial capital of Germans in Czechoslovakia, a position was underlined by the foundation of important institutions such as Bücherei der Deutschen, a central German library in Czechoslovakia, and by failed efforts to relocate the German (Charles) University there from Prague. The Great Depression devastated the economy of the area with its textile, carpet, glass and other light industry. The high number of unemployed people, hunger, fear of the future and dissatisfaction with the Prague government led to the flash rise of the populist Sudeten German Party (SdP), founded by Konrad Henlein, born in the suburbs of Liberec. Whilst he declared fidelity to the Republic, he secretly negotiated with Adolf Hitler. In 1937 he radicalized his views and became Hitler's puppet in order to incorporate the Sudetenland into Germany and destabilize Czechoslovakia, which was an ally of France and one of the leading arms producers in Europe. The city became the centre of Pan-German movements and later of the Nazis, especially after the 1935 election, despite its important democratic mayor, Karl Kostka (German Democratic Freedom Party). The final change came in Summer 1938, after the radicalization of the terror of the SdP, whose death threats forced Kostka and his family to flee to Prague. In September 1938, after two unsuccessful attempts by the SdP to stage a pro-Nazi coup in Czechoslovakia, which were stopped by police and the army, the Munich Agreement awarded the city to Nazi Germany and it became the capital of Reichsgau Sudetenland. Until 1945, the city was administered as a part of the Regierungsbezirk Aussig of Reichsgau Sudetenland. Most of the city's Jewish and Czech population fled to the rest of Czechoslovakia or were expelled. The important synagogue was burned down. During a rally in December 1938, Hitler laid out the future of the Hitler Youth. After World War II the town again became a part of Czechoslovakia and nearly all of the city's German population was expelled following the Beneš decrees. The region was then resettled with Czechs, completely altering the traditional language and culture of the town and its region. The city continues to have an important German minority, consisting of descendants of anti-Nazi Germans who were active in the struggle against Hitler, as well as Germans from Czech-German families and their descendants. Liberec also has a Jewish minority with a newly built synagogue and a Greek minority, originating from Communist refugees who settled there after the Greek Civil War in 1949. Historical names The origin of the city name was the subject of many discussions, often nationally influenced, because it was a bilingual settlement. The oldest known names of the city are German, Reychinberch (1352) and Raichmberg (1369), meaning "rich/resourceful mountain" (reicher Berg in modern German). It was also named Reichenberg (1385) and Rychmberg (1410). The Czech equivalent originated as a distortion: Rychberk (1545), Lychberk (1592), Libercum (1634), Liberk (1790), and finally Liberec (1845). In Czech, words starting with "R" were often dissimilated into "L". Since then, the city was known as Liberec in Czech and as Reichenberg in German. Hablau, the name of the old street near city center, is considered to be a trace of the old village possibly founded by Havel of Lemberk, husband of Saint Zdislava Berka. Science and technology Technical University of Liberec (Technická Univerzita v Liberci): Founded in 1953 as a Technical College. In 1995 gained the status of a university. It has about 10,000 students in 6 schools (Mechanical Engineering, Textile Engineering, Architecture, Mechatronics, Humanities and Nature and Economics). Applied research in mechatronics, important school of architecture. Regional Research Library of Liberec (Krajská vědecká knihovna): A general public science library, aiming at general education in the region. Founded in 1900, based on the decision of the municipal council to establish a municipal library. It has an exceptional collection of Germano-Slavica and Sudetica (periodicals and books in German language from Bohemia). New building was completed in 2000 on the site of the Old Synagogue, which was burnt down by the Nazis in November 1938. Its building comprises also a modern New Synagogue. The North Bohemian Museum (Severočeské muzeum): Built in 1873. It ranks among the oldest and most significant museums of nature sciences, arts and crafts in the Czech Republic. There is the sculpture of T.G. Masaryk from 2010 standing in front of the Museum. Sights Liberec's prominent buildings are the Town Hall (1893), the Liberec Castle (Liberecký zámek), built in the 16th century, and the Ještěd Tower (1968) upon the Ještěd Mountain, build by architect Karel Hubáček, which became a symbol of the city. Václav Havel held a broadcast from the site of the tower in 1968; a plaque beside the tower marks this event. Contemporary buildings of note are also to be found, primarily the work of the firm SIAL, and include the new Regional Research Library (2000) and the Česká Pojišťovna office building (1997). Neo-Renaissance F. X. Šalda theatre was built in 1871–1872. Centrum Babylon Liberec include a large water park, an amusement park, a casino, shopping court and hotel. Zoo and botanical garden The zoo in Liberec was the first to be opened in Czechoslovakia in 1904. The zoo contains a wide variety of fauna (about 143 species on 13 ha), including large mammals like elephants, giraffes, sea lions and white tigers, which are a genetic anomaly and hence very rare. It participates in breeding activities of endangered species to help preserve the gene pool. The Botanical Garden in Liberec (completely rebuilt from Kučera 1995 to 2000) comprises nine glasshouses for visitors (with a total area of and 13 exhibition themes), nine plantation glasshouses and a large exterior terrain. It continues the legacy of a botanical garden established in 1876 by the Verein der Naturfreunde ("Society of Friends of Nature") on a nearby site and it is therefore considered the oldest one in the Czech Republic. Events Mateřinka, a theatre festival biennially held in June Transport Liberec city transport provides bus and tram lines. The first tram was used in Liberec in 1897. Liberec shares the narrow gauge tramway line which connects it to its neighboring city, Jablonec nad Nisou which is 12 km away. There are also two city lines with standard gauge: The first connects Horní Hanychov (not far to the cable car to Ještěd) and Lidové Sady via Fügnerova. The second connects Dolní Hanychov and Lidové Sady via Fügnerova (only during workdays). There also four historical trams. In the city centre there are two tracks as a memorial, in the past trams were used also on the central place in front of town hall. A private international airport is located 2,5 km from Liberec, at the nearby village of Ostašov. Sports The city is home to FC Slovan Liberec, a football club founded in Liberec and currently playing the Gambrinus liga, the highest division of Czech football. Slovan Liberec is one of the most successful clubs in the Czech Republic, having won three league titles. There is also SK VTJ Rapid Liberec. It is playing one of the lowest division. Ice hockey team HC Bílí Tygři Liberec play in the Czech Extraliga, the highest national ice hockey league. In 2015–16 season they won the national hockey league. Liberec has hosted two European Luge Championships, having done so in 1914 and 1939. In 2009, it hosted the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships. The Ski Jumping World Cup always comes to Liberec in January. The World Karate Championships took place in May 2011. In 2015, from 15 to 23 August, Liberec plays host to the 2015 World Mountain Bike Orienteering Championships (WMTBOC). Notable people Christoph Demantius (1567–1643), composer and poet Joachim Johann Nepomuk Spalowsky (1752–1797), naturalist Josef Proksch (1794–1864), composer and teacher of Bedřich Smetana Friedrich Karl Ginzel (1850–1926), astronomer Heinrich Herkner (1863–1932), economist Ferdinand Porsche (1875–1951), car designer Vlasta Burian (1891–1962), actor Edmund Nick (1891–1973), composer Jaroslav Řídký (1897–1956), composer Konrad Henlein (1898–1945), Nazi politician Emil Artin (1898–1962), mathematician Arthur Beer (1900–1980), astronomer Harald Kreutzberg (1902–1968), dancer and choreographer Herbert Feigl (1902–1988), philosopher Guido Beck (1903–1989), physicist Augustin Schramm (1907–1948), communist politician and officer Roderich Menzel (1907–1987), tennis player Fritz Preissler (1908–1948), luger Egon Hartmann (1919-2009), architect Otfried Preußler (1923–2013), writer Markus Lüpertz (born 1941), artist Barbara Bouchet (born 1944), actress and entrepreneur Oldřich Kaiser (born 1955), actor Vladimír Šlechta (born 1960), writer Jaroslav Nedvěd (born 1969), ice hockey player Petr Nedvěd (born 1971), ice hockey player Martin Damm (born 1972), tennis player Tomáš Enge (born 1976), former F1 driver Jan Víšek (born 1981), ice-hockey player Yemi A.D. (born 1981), choreographer and artist Lukáš Derner (born 1983), ice hockey player Pavla Havlíková (born 1983), cyclist Zuzana Hejnová (born 1986), athlete Martin Cikl (born 1987), ski jumper Twin towns – sister cities Liberec is twinned with: Amersfoort, Netherlands Augsburg, Germany Dunkirk, France Nahariya, Israel Zittau, Germany Closest cities, towns and villages References External links Municipal website Liberec tourist portal Facebook page Tramway Liberec Liberec Botanical Garden Liberec Zoo Oblastni galerie v Liberci (Museum of art) Unofficial Liberec Trip Planner Oblastní galerie Liberec at Google Cultural Institute Category:Liberec Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Category:Populated places in Liberec District Category:Holocaust locations in Czechoslovakia