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ScienceQA

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[QUESTION]Which is a simple sentence?

[OPTIONS](A) Bears eat honeybees, and some birds eat them, too. (B) The mayor left a message for the president.

The mayor left a message for the president.

The first sentence is the simple sentence. It has one subject and predicate. The mayor left a message for the president.

[QUESTION]Which logical fallacy is used in the text? Sofia wants to play a guitar solo on our next recording. Her father is a horrible musician, though, so I doubt that Sofia's any good either.

[OPTIONS](A) circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself (B) guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something

guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something

The text argues that Sofia must be a bad guitar player, because her father is a horrible musician. However, even though Sofia's father is a horrible musician, that doesn't necessarily mean that Sofia is as well. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association.

[QUESTION]Which figure of speech is used in this text? When Melissa first joined the track team, she was afraid of jumping, but she got over that hurdle.

[OPTIONS](A) pun (B) allusion

pun

The text uses a pun, a word or phrase that humorously suggests more than one meaning. Hurdle refers to an obstacle that one must overcome. It also refers to an object that a runner jumps over.

[QUESTION]How long is a paper clip?

[OPTIONS](A) 25 millimeters (B) 25 kilometers (C) 25 meters

25 millimeters

The best estimate for the length of a paper clip is 25 millimeters. 25 meters and 25 kilometers are both too long.

[QUESTION]What is the volume of a water balloon?

[OPTIONS](A) 600 milliliters (B) 600 liters

600 milliliters

The better estimate for the volume of a water balloon is 600 milliliters. 600 liters is too much.

[QUESTION]Which of the following is a trait of an organism?

[OPTIONS](A) the ways the organism behaves (B) the amount of oxygen in the organism's environment (C) the amount of sunshine the organism gets

the ways the organism behaves

[QUESTION]Which word does not rhyme?

[OPTIONS](A) pink (B) think (C) glad

glad

The words pink and think rhyme. They both end with the ink sound. The word glad does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound.

[QUESTION]Compare the motion of two mountain bikers. Which mountain biker was moving at a higher speed?

[OPTIONS](A) a mountain biker who moved 105kilometers in 5hours (B) a mountain biker who moved 135kilometers in 5hours

a mountain biker who moved 135kilometers in 5hours

Look at the distance each mountain biker moved and the time it took to move that distance. One mountain biker moved 135 kilometers in 5 hours. The other mountain biker moved 105 kilometers in 5 hours. Notice that each mountain biker spent the same amount of time moving. The mountain biker who moved 135 kilometers moved a farther distance in that time. So, that mountain biker must have moved at a higher speed.

[QUESTION]Select the one substance that is not a mineral.

[OPTIONS](A) A turtle shell is not a pure substance. It is made by a living thing. (B) Celestine is a pure substance. It is a solid. (C) Hematite is not made by living things. It is a solid.

A turtle shell is not a pure substance. It is made by a living thing.

Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals. A turtle shell is made by a living thing. But minerals are not made by living things. A turtle shell is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances. So, a turtle shell is not a mineral. Celestine is a mineral. Hematite is a mineral.

[QUESTION]Which country is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Tuvalu (B) Fiji (C) Tonga (D) Kiribati

Tuvalu

This country is Tuvalu.

[QUESTION]Which closing is correct for a letter?

[OPTIONS](A) yours truly, Gabby (B) Yours truly, Gabby

Yours truly, Gabby

The first closing is correct: Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the stem height trait?

[OPTIONS](A) a tall stem (B) a short stem

a tall stem

You need to determine the pea plant's phenotype for the stem height trait. First, consider the alleles in the plant's genotype for the stem height gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for a short stem (h) is recessive to the allele for a tall stem (H). This means H is a dominant allele, and h is a recessive allele. The pea plant's genotype of Hh has one dominant allele and one recessive allele. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, the pea plant's phenotype for the stem height trait must be a tall stem.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Utah?

[OPTIONS](A) Helena (B) Albany (C) Salt Lake City (D) Provo

Salt Lake City

Salt Lake City is the capital of Utah.

[QUESTION]Which statement best describes the average monthly precipitation in Boston?

[OPTIONS](A) About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October. (B) March is the month with the highest average precipitation. (C) March is drier than January, February, and October.

About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October.

To describe the average precipitation trends in Boston, look at the graph. Choice "Jan" is incorrect. Choice "Feb" is incorrect. Choice "Mar" is incorrect. Choice "May" is incorrect. Choice "Oct" is incorrect. Choice "March is drier than January, February, and October." is incorrect. Drier months have a lower average precipitation than wetter months. October has a lower average precipitation than March. So, March is not drier than October. Choice "March is the month with the highest average precipitation." is incorrect. January, not March, has the highest average monthly precipitation. Choice "About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October." is incorrect. The average precipitation each month between May and October is about 3 inches. So, about the same amount of precipitation falls during each of these months.

[QUESTION]Select the plant.

[OPTIONS](A) Tulips have a green stem. (B) Bald eagles walk and fly.

Tulips have a green stem.

A tulip is a plant. It has a green stem. Tulips grow best in cool, dry places. A bald eagle is an animal. It walks and flies. Bald eagles live in trees near water. They eat mostly fish.

[QUESTION]What can Jenny and Zoe trade to each get what they want?

[OPTIONS](A) Zoe can trade her almonds for Jenny's tomatoes. (B) Jenny can trade her tomatoes for Zoe's carrots. (C) Zoe can trade her broccoli for Jenny's oranges. (D) Jenny can trade her tomatoes for Zoe's broccoli.

Jenny can trade her tomatoes for Zoe's broccoli.

Look at the table and images. Jenny wants broccoli. Zoe wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.

[QUESTION]What do these two changes have in common? baking an apple pie a sidewalk heating up in the sun

[OPTIONS](A) Both are caused by heating. (B) Both are only physical changes. (C) Both are caused by cooling. (D) Both are chemical changes.

Both are caused by heating.

Step 1: Think about each change. Baking an apple pie is a chemical change. The type of matter in the pie changes. The apples become soft, and the crust turns brown. A sidewalk heating up in the sun is a physical change. The temperature of the sidewalk goes up, but the sidewalk is still made of the same type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. A sidewalk heating up in the sun is a physical change. But baking a pie is not. Both are chemical changes. Baking a pie is a chemical change. But a sidewalk heating up in the sun is not. Both are caused by heating. Both changes are caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1. (B) The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. (C) The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2.

The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same. So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

[QUESTION]Is a toothbrush a good or a service?

[OPTIONS](A) a service (B) a good

a good

To decide whether a toothbrush is a good or a service, ask these questions: Is a toothbrush something you can touch? Yes. Is a toothbrush a job you might pay someone else to do? No. So, a toothbrush is a good.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Colorado?

[OPTIONS](A) Harrisburg (B) Denver (C) Colorado Springs (D) Helena

Denver

Denver is the capital of Colorado.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Idaho?

[OPTIONS](A) Nampa (B) Little Rock (C) Boise (D) Missoula

Boise

Boise is the capital of Idaho.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Wyoming?

[OPTIONS](A) Laramie (B) Cheyenne (C) Denver (D) Salt Lake City

Cheyenne

Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming.

[QUESTION]Is gypsum a mineral?

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

yes

Gypsum has all the properties of a mineral. So, gypsum is a mineral.

[QUESTION]Which is a compound sentence?

[OPTIONS](A) Ashley dislikes radishes, so she always orders her salad without them. (B) Before Rebecca's birthday party, Juan wrapped her present with delicate silver tissue paper.

Ashley dislikes radishes, so she always orders her salad without them.

The second sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction so. Ashley dislikes radishes, so she always orders her salad without them.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is Kitkat's phenotype for the agouti fur trait?

[OPTIONS](A) Aa (B) having agouti fur

having agouti fur

An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Kitkat's observable version of the agouti fur trait is having agouti fur. So, Kitkat's phenotype for the agouti fur trait is having agouti fur.

[QUESTION]Select the fish below.

[OPTIONS](A) zebra (B) piranha

piranha

A piranha is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A zebra is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.

[QUESTION]Select the true statement.

[OPTIONS](A) Eye color is an example of a gene. (B) All organisms have genes.

All organisms have genes.

Genes are passed down from parents to offspring. When an organism reproduces, it passes copies of its genes to its offspring. This is how information about inherited traits is passed down. Eye color is an example of a gene. An organism's eye color is affected by its genes. But eye color is not a gene. Eye color is a trait, which is an observable characteristic of an organism. Genes affect traits. Genes contain information about inherited traits. All organisms have genes. All organisms have genes that contain information about their inherited traits.

[QUESTION]Select the fish.

[OPTIONS](A) bull shark (B) Asian elephant (C) red kangaroo (D) green iguana

bull shark

A green iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit. A bull shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Bull sharks can live in both fresh and salt water. They are found in rivers and in shallow parts of the ocean. A red kangaroo is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Kangaroos hop to move around. They use their large tails for balance while hopping. An Asian elephant is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Elephants live in groups called herds. The oldest female in the herd is usually the leader.

[QUESTION]Which material is this ring made of?

[OPTIONS](A) metal (B) concrete

metal

Look at the picture of the ring. The ring is made of metal. Rings can be made of many different types of metal, including silver, gold, platinum, and titanium. This ring is made of gold.

[QUESTION]Which is a simple sentence?

[OPTIONS](A) Malia and her sisters drew a map of the United States and hung it on the wall. (B) Colton was playing the piano in the living room when Dad called him for dinner.

Malia and her sisters drew a map of the United States and hung it on the wall.

The first sentence is the simple sentence. It is a single independent clause. Malia and her sisters drew a map of the United States and hung it on the wall.

[QUESTION]Select the bird.

[OPTIONS](A) sea otter (B) albatross (C) box turtle (D) common toad

albatross

A sea otter is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Sea otters have very thick fur. Their fur keeps them warm in cold water. A common toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Toads do not have teeth! They swallow their food whole. A box turtle is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Box turtles can live to be over 100 years old! An albatross is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Albatrosses live near the ocean. They hunt squid, fish, and other small animals.

[QUESTION]Would you find the word coyote on a dictionary page with the following guide words? clutch - crude

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

yes

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since coyote is between the guide words clutch - crude, it would be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Can Lithops bromfieldii cells make their own food?

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

yes

Lithops bromfieldii is a plant. Plant cells can make their own food. Plant cells make food using photosynthesis.

[QUESTION]Which logical fallacy is used in the text? This fast food chain claims that they've served five billion people, so they must have the best hamburger in town. Five billion people can't be wrong!

[OPTIONS](A) bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct (B) circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself

bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct

The text argues that the fast food chain has the best hamburger, because they've served five billion people. However, even though they've served five billion people, that doesn't necessarily mean that they have the best hamburger. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as the bandwagon fallacy.

[QUESTION]Is there a surplus or a shortage of posters?

[OPTIONS](A) shortage (B) surplus

surplus

At the current price, there are too many posters for sale. There are 100 posters for sale, but only 80 people want to buy one. So, there is a surplus of posters. The poster company will not get any money for the leftover posters.

[QUESTION]Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

[OPTIONS](A) They are researching a hybrid South African tobacco plant that may decrease reliance on fossil fuels. It contains oily seeds that can be transformed into sustainable biofuel. (B) Scientists are researching a hybrid South African tobacco plant that may decrease reliance on fossil fuels. It contains oily seeds that can be transformed into sustainable biofuel.

They are researching a hybrid South African tobacco plant that may decrease reliance on fossil fuels. It contains oily seeds that can be transformed into sustainable biofuel.

The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent. The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with scientists. Scientists are researching a hybrid South African tobacco plant that may decrease reliance on fossil fuels. It contains oily seeds that can be transformed into sustainable biofuel.

[QUESTION]Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? About half of the days each year are partly cloudy in Honolulu, Hawaii.

[OPTIONS](A) climate (B) weather

climate

Read the text carefully. About half of the days each year are partly cloudy in Honolulu, Hawaii. This passage tells you about the usual pattern of clouds in Honolulu. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

[QUESTION]Compare the motion of three cars. Which car was moving at the highest speed?

[OPTIONS](A) a car that moved 255miles west in 10hours (B) a car that moved 270miles south in 10hours (C) a car that moved 305miles north in 10hours

a car that moved 305miles north in 10hours

Look at the distance each car moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each car moved does not affect its speed. Notice that each car moved for 10 hours. The car that moved 305 miles moved the farthest distance in that time. So, that car must have moved at the highest speed.

[QUESTION]Complete the sentence. Water evaporating from a puddle is a ().

[OPTIONS](A) physical change (B) chemical change

physical change

Water evaporating from a puddle is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed.

[QUESTION]Which i in column 4?

[OPTIONS](A) the theater (B) the fire department (C) the pond (D) the shopping mall

the shopping mall

The shopping mall is in column 4.

[QUESTION]Which greeting is correct for a letter?

[OPTIONS](A) Dear Patty, (B) dear Patty,

Dear Patty,

The second greeting is correct: Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Patty is capitalized because it is a proper noun.

[QUESTION]Would you find the word tangle on a dictionary page with the following guide words? throttle - truth

[OPTIONS](A) yes (B) no

no

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since tangle is not between the guide words throttle - truth, it would not be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Which organizational structure does this text primarily use?

[OPTIONS](A) compare-contrast (B) cause-effect

compare-contrast

The text uses a compare-contrast structure to show differences between antlers and horns. In the text, certain words and phrases help to organize ideas in a compare-contrast structure. Notice the words unlike and nor.

[QUESTION]What is the temperature of the air on a cold, rainy day?

[OPTIONS](A) 40°F (B) 40°C

40°F

The better estimate for the temperature of the air on a cold, rainy day is 40°F. 40°C is too hot.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Nebraska?

[OPTIONS](A) Louisville (B) Carson City (C) Omaha (D) Lincoln

Lincoln

Lincoln is the capital of Nebraska.

[QUESTION]Select the vertebrate.

[OPTIONS](A) redback spider (B) curlyhair tarantula (C) harbor seal (D) honey bee

harbor seal

Like other spiders, a redback spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A honey bee is an insect. Like other insects, a honey bee is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A harbor seal is a mammal. Like other mammals, a harbor seal is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. Like other tarantulas, a curlyhair tarantula is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest west?

[OPTIONS](A) Nevada (B) Kansas (C) Wyoming (D) Illinois

Nevada

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Nevada is farthest west.

[QUESTION]Select the organism in the same genus as the European hedgehog.

[OPTIONS](A) Erinaceus europaeus (B) Sciurus vulgaris (C) Lepus americanus

Erinaceus europaeus

A European hedgehog's scientific name is Erinaceus europaeus. The first word of its scientific name is Erinaceus. This organism and the European hedgehog are in the same genus and the same species! Both organisms have the same scientific name, Erinaceus europaeus. Sciurus vulgaris is in the genus Sciurus. The first word of its scientific name is Sciurus. So, Sciurus vulgaris and Erinaceus europaeus are not in the same genus. Lepus americanus is in the genus Lepus. The first word of its scientific name is Lepus. So, Lepus americanus and Erinaceus europaeus are not in the same genus.

[QUESTION]Complete the paragraph. Earth's surface is made mostly of rock. Water, wind, and ice can break down this rock to form ().

[OPTIONS](A) melted rock (B) loose pieces (C) bigger pieces

loose pieces

Water, wind, and ice can break down rock into loose pieces. This breakdown of rock is called weathering. Here are some ways that weathering can happen. Water crashes into a rock. Over time, the rock starts breaking down into smaller pieces. Wind blows grains of sand into a rock. As the sand hits the rock, small pieces break off from the rock. Water flows into a crack in a rock. On a cold night, the water freezes to form ice. As the water freezes, it takes up more space. This makes the crack bigger. Over time, the crack becomes big enough to break the rock into smaller pieces.

[QUESTION]What is the direction of this push?

[OPTIONS](A) away from the hockey stick (B) toward the hockey stick

away from the hockey stick

The hockey player's shot is a type of push. He shoots the puck away from his stick and sends it down the ice. The direction of the push is away from the hockey stick.

[QUESTION]Is the following trait inherited or acquired? Haley can drive a car.

[OPTIONS](A) acquired (B) inherited

acquired

Humans are not born knowing how to drive a car. Instead, many people learn how to drive when they are older. So, driving is an acquired trait.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1. (B) The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2. (C) The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.

Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.

[QUESTION]Would you find the word going on a dictionary page with the following guide words? glove - guitar

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

yes

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since going is between the guide words glove - guitar, it would be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Which country is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Solomon Islands (B) Tonga (C) Tuvalu (D) Samoa

Tonga

This country is Tonga.

[QUESTION]Compare the motion of three sailboats. Which sailboat was moving at the highest speed?

[OPTIONS](A) a sailboat that moved 55kilometers west in 5hours (B) a sailboat that moved 40kilometers east in 5hours (C) a sailboat that moved 25kilometers east in 5hours

a sailboat that moved 55kilometers west in 5hours

Look at the distance each sailboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each sailboat moved does not affect its speed. Notice that each sailboat moved for 5 hours. The sailboat that moved 55 kilometers moved the farthest distance in that time. So, that sailboat must have moved at the highest speed.

[QUESTION]Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?

[OPTIONS](A) climate (B) weather

climate

Read the passage carefully. Long, wispy clouds typically fill the summer skies each year above the Canary Islands. This passage tells you about the usual pattern of cloud cover in the Canary Islands. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

[QUESTION]Which tense does the sentence use? Akiko teaches Audrey about customs in Japan.

[OPTIONS](A) future tense (B) past tense (C) present tense

present tense

The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, teaches. The verb ends in -es and tells you about something that is true or happening now.

[QUESTION]Select the fish below.

[OPTIONS](A) goldfish (B) woodpecker

goldfish

A goldfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A woodpecker is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.

[QUESTION]Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?

[OPTIONS](A) climate (B) weather

climate

Read the passage carefully. Santa Barbara is a city in California. Santa Barbara has warm temperatures in both the summer and the winter. The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual temperature pattern in Santa Barbara. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

[QUESTION]Which closing is correct for a letter?

[OPTIONS](A) Thanks, Shannon (B) thanks, Shannon

Thanks, Shannon

The second closing is correct: Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.

[QUESTION]Compare the motion of two fish. Which fish was moving at a lower speed?

[OPTIONS](A) a fish that moved 5kilometers in 10hours (B) a fish that moved 30kilometers in 10hours

a fish that moved 5kilometers in 10hours

Look at the distance each fish moved and the time it took to move that distance. One fish moved 5 kilometers in 10 hours. The other fish moved 30 kilometers in 10 hours. Notice that each fish spent the same amount of time moving. The fish that moved 5 kilometers moved a shorter distance in that time. So, that fish must have moved at a lower speed.

[QUESTION]Which logical fallacy is used in the text? Adele never lies. She told me herself, so it must be true.

[OPTIONS](A) circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself (B) hasty generalization: a very broad claim based on very little evidence

circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself

The text argues that Adele is telling the truth because she says she never lies. However, the "evidence" is just a restatement of the claim itself. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as circular reasoning.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the growth pattern trait?

[OPTIONS](A) bush growth (B) climbing growth

climbing growth

The rose plant's genotype for the growth pattern gene is GG. The rose plant's genotype of GG has only G allelles. The G allele is for climbing growth. So, the rose plant's phenotype for the growth pattern trait must be climbing growth. To check this answer, consider whether the rose plant's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for bush growth (g) is recessive to the allele for climbing growth (G). This means G is a dominant allele, and g is a recessive allele. The rose plant's genotype of GG has two dominant alleles. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, the rose plant's phenotype for the growth pattern trait must be climbing growth.

[QUESTION]Which is the softest?

[OPTIONS](A) metal trombone (B) cotton shirt (C) bone

cotton shirt

Soft is a property. A soft material changes shape when pressed or squeezed. Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture. Of the choices, the cotton shirt is the softest. If you squeeze cotton fabric, it will change shape.

[QUESTION]Which correctly shows the title of a movie?

[OPTIONS](A) ***That Thing You Do*** (B) "That Thing You Do!"

***That Thing You Do***

A movie should be in italics. The correct title is **That Thing You Do**.

[QUESTION]Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in the snow?

[OPTIONS](A) Arctic fox (B) screech owl

Arctic fox

Look at the picture of the short-tailed weasel. During the winter, the short-tailed weasel has white fur covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. During the winter, the Arctic fox has white fur covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in the snow. This screech owl has gray and brown feathers on its skin. It is not adapted to be camouflaged in the snow.

[QUESTION]Complete the statement. Assume that the sled's mass did not change. The gravitational potential energy stored between the sled and Earth () as Elizabeth rode down the hill.

[OPTIONS](A) decreased (B) stayed the same (C) increased

decreased

Think about how the distance between the sled and the center of Earth changed. The bottom of the hill was lower than the point where Elizabeth started sledding. As Elizabeth rode toward the bottom of the hill, the distance between the sled and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between the sled and Earth decreased as Elizabeth rode down the hill.

[QUESTION]Which country is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) the Dominican Republic (B) Trinidad and Tobago (C) Cuba (D) Dominica

Dominica

This country is Dominica.

[QUESTION]Which is harder?

[OPTIONS](A) rubber balloons (B) metal flute

metal flute

Hard is a property. A hard material keeps its shape when you press on it with your finger. Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pushing on the material shown in each picture. Of the choices, the metal flute is harder. If you press on a metal flute, it will not change shape.

[QUESTION]What information supports the conclusion that Jennifer acquired this trait?

[OPTIONS](A) Both Jennifer and her father grow sunflowers. (B) Last summer, Jennifer's neighbor showed her how to grow sunflowers. (C) Jennifer likes to visit sunflower fields.

Last summer, Jennifer's neighbor showed her how to grow sunflowers.

[QUESTION]Is the following statement true or false? Animal cells do not have cytoplasm.

[OPTIONS](A) true (B) false

false

Animal cells do not have cytoplasm. This statement is false. All cells have cytoplasm. The cytoplasm fills and maintains the space inside the cell.

[QUESTION]The city of Springfield has been one of the world's biggest makers of cough drops for many years. But last month, Springfield's cough drop factories were destroyed by floods. What will probably happen to the overall supply of cough drops?

[OPTIONS](A) The supply will probably go down. (B) The supply will probably go up.

The supply will probably go down.

Floods destroyed the cough drop factories in Springfield. The number of producers of cough drops went down. So, the supply of cough drops will probably go down.

[QUESTION]Which bowl of cereal has a higher temperature?

[OPTIONS](A) the bowl of cereal with more thermal energy (B) the bowl of cereal with less thermal energy

the bowl of cereal with more thermal energy

The two bowls of cereal are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the bowl of cereal with more thermal energy has a higher temperature.

[QUESTION]Is the following trait inherited or acquired? Kyle has a scar on his right hand.

[OPTIONS](A) inherited (B) acquired

acquired

Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait.

[QUESTION]Which correctly shows the title of a movie?

[OPTIONS](A) Here come the Littles (B) Here Come the Littles

Here Come the Littles

Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word the is not important, so it should not be capitalized. The correct title is Here Come the Littles.

[QUESTION]Which i in column 1?

[OPTIONS](A) the library (B) the restaurant (C) the grocery store (D) the park

the restaurant

The restaurant is in column 1.

[QUESTION]Which property do these three objects have in common?

[OPTIONS](A) yellow (B) flexible (C) salty

salty

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The fries are flexible, but the cracker is not. Potato chips have a salty taste. All three objects are salty. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. The fries are yellow, but the pretzel is not. The property that all three objects have in common is salty.

[QUESTION]What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below? Gavin's research on nineteenth-century philosophers led him down the rabbit hole.

[OPTIONS](A) literature (B) the Bible

literature

The source of the allusion down the rabbit hole is literature. Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland tells the story of a young girl who follows a white rabbit down a rabbit hole and finds herself in a series of adventures in a surreal world. The allusion down the rabbit hole means on a strange or difficult exploration.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. (B) The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1. (C) The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.

The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.

Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker. The magnets in Pair 2 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.

[QUESTION]Which country is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Samoa (B) Tuvalu (C) Tonga (D) Fiji

Fiji

This country is Fiji.

[QUESTION]Which sentence states a fact?

[OPTIONS](A) The ancient Maya people believed that chocolate was the food of the gods. (B) The ancient Maya people of Central America had some peculiar ideas about chocolate.

The ancient Maya people believed that chocolate was the food of the gods.

The first sentence states a fact. The ancient Maya people believed that chocolate was the food of the gods. It can be proved by looking in books about Mayan beliefs. The second sentence states an opinion. The ancient Maya people of Central America had some peculiar ideas about chocolate. Peculiar shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person might have a different opinion about what is peculiar.

[QUESTION]Which logical fallacy is used in the text? This lunch meat has absolutely no additives, so it must be nutritious.

[OPTIONS](A) appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good (B) circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself

appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good

The text argues that the lunch meat is nutritious because it contains no additives. However, even though the lunch meat has no additives, that doesn't necessarily mean that it is nutritious. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as an appeal to nature.

[QUESTION]What can happen to a fertilized egg?

[OPTIONS](A) It can turn into a spore. (B) It can grow into a thin brown stalk.

It can grow into a thin brown stalk.

A fertilized egg can grow into a thin brown stalk on top of the female part. The thin brown stalk may make spores, but the sperm and egg do not turn into spores.

[QUESTION]What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below? By the time Wanda had finished explaining to Mr. Blake what had happened, her friends were laughingly referring to her as Scheherazade.

[OPTIONS](A) ancient legend (B) the Bible

ancient legend

The source of the allusion Scheherazade is ancient legend. The Arabian Nights presents the ancient legend of how Scheherazade successfully postpones her imminent death by mesmerizing her captor with a thousand and one fascinating tales. The allusion Scheherazade means a person who uses his or her arts to distract someone and avoid consequences.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest north?

[OPTIONS](A) Mississippi (B) New Mexico (C) Georgia (D) Missouri

Missouri

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Missouri is farthest north.

[QUESTION]Does the sentence use a simile or a metaphor? Mrs. Shelton is kind, and her heart is gold.

[OPTIONS](A) metaphor (B) simile

metaphor

Mrs. Shelton is kind, and her heart is gold. The words heart and gold are compared without the word like or as. So, the sentence uses a metaphor.

[QUESTION]During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().

[OPTIONS](A) the surroundings . . . each greenhouse (B) each greenhouse . . . the surroundings

the surroundings . . . each greenhouse

The temperature of each greenhouse increased, which means that the thermal energy of each greenhouse increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each greenhouse.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is Scratches's phenotype for the fur type trait?

[OPTIONS](A) ff (B) curly fur

curly fur

An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Scratches's observable version of the fur type trait is curly fur. So, Scratches's phenotype for the fur type trait is curly fur.

[QUESTION]What information supports the conclusion that Anita acquired this trait?

[OPTIONS](A) Anita knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn. (B) Anita learned how to knit in an after school program.

Anita learned how to knit in an after school program.

[QUESTION]Which term matches the picture?

[OPTIONS](A) striated muscles (B) smooth muscles

smooth muscles

A smooth muscle is not striped. The cells that make up smooth muscles are oval shaped.

[QUESTION]What is the text's most likely purpose?

[OPTIONS](A) to persuade (B) to inform (C) to entertain

to persuade

The text is an advertisement. Its purpose is to persuade.

[QUESTION]Which figure of speech is used in this text? The grave's a fine and private place, But none, I think, do there embrace. —Andrew Marvell, "To His Coy Mistress"

[OPTIONS](A) understatement (B) paradox

understatement

The text uses understatement, which involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is. None, I think, do there embrace is an understatement, since people who have died obviously can't do anything at all.

[QUESTION]Which word is not like the others?

[OPTIONS](A) snow (B) sun (C) rain (D) house

house

Rain, sun, and snow go together. They are weather words. House is not a weather word, so it is not like the other words.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Rhode Island?

[OPTIONS](A) Trenton (B) Montpelier (C) Providence (D) Newport

Providence

Providence is the capital of Rhode Island.

[QUESTION]Is a piece of paper a solid or a liquid?

[OPTIONS](A) a solid (B) a liquid

a solid

A piece of paper is a solid. You can fold a piece of paper. But it will still have a size and shape of its own.

[QUESTION]How long does it take for an ice cube to melt on a hot sidewalk?

[OPTIONS](A) 3 minutes (B) 3 hours

3 minutes

The better estimate for how long it takes for an ice cube to melt on a hot sidewalk is 3 minutes. 3 hours is too slow.

[QUESTION]Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? Brad lives in a city that is often covered by thick stratus clouds.

[OPTIONS](A) climate (B) weather

climate

Read the text carefully. Brad lives in a city that is often covered by thick stratus clouds. This passage tells you about the usual clouds where Brad lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.

[QUESTION]Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words? book - bulletin

[OPTIONS](A) back (B) brave

brave

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since brave is between the guide words book - bulletin, it would be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Using only these supplies, which question can Jaden investigate with an experiment?

[OPTIONS](A) Does a pie crust made with white flour burn more quickly when the pie is cooked in a glass pan or in an aluminum pan? (B) Do pie crusts made with white flour burn less quickly when covered with aluminum foil or when left uncovered? (C) Does a pie crust made with white flour burn more quickly than a pie crust made with whole wheat flour?

Does a pie crust made with white flour burn more quickly when the pie is cooked in a glass pan or in an aluminum pan?

[QUESTION]Which animal's mouth is also adapted to tear through meat?

[OPTIONS](A) nutria (B) Eurasian lynx

Eurasian lynx

Look at the picture of the cheetah. The cheetah has a large mouth and sharp teeth. Its mouth is adapted to tear through meat. The cheetah uses its large mouth to grab its prey. It uses its sharp teeth to cut up the meat of the prey into pieces it can swallow. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The Eurasian lynx has a large mouth and sharp teeth. Its mouth is adapted to tear through meat. The nutria has large front teeth. It does not have sharp teeth. So, its mouth is not adapted to tear through meat. The nutria uses its mouth to gnaw on stems and branches.