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maturity onset diabetes of the young ุฃูˆ ู…ูˆุฏูŠ

2
00:00:06,760 --> 00:00:11,360
initial success in the search for ุฏูŠุงุจุงุช ูˆ genes

3
00:00:11,360 --> 00:00:14,520
was seen in maturity onset diabetes of the young

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00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:20,400
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ุฌุงุญ ููŠ ุฑุจุท ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„

5
00:00:20,400 --> 00:00:26,080
genes ูˆ ุงู„ diabetes ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† rare group of

6
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disorders characterized by non-ketotic diabetes

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ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุดุจู‡ ุงู„ู€ Type 2 diabetes mellitus ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†

8
00:00:37,030 --> 00:00:43,470
ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูŠ ูŠู…ูˆุช ููŠ ุนู…ุฑ ุตุบูŠุฑ ูˆุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุจุนุถ

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00:00:43,470 --> 00:00:46,450
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูŠ ุจูŠุชู… ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุนู„ูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ุง Type 2

10
00:00:46,450 --> 00:00:52,670
diabetes mellitusู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Modi ุจุชุตูŠุฑ at a

11
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younger age ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 25 ุณู†ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุน ุงู„

12
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.. ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ type 2 diabetes mellitus ุจุฑุถู‡

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at younger age ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ

14
00:01:07,070 --> 00:01:09,950
ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆ ู„ุจุณ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต

15
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ูŠุจู‚ู‰ youngุŒ non-obese patients with diabetes who

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have a family history of diabetes ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

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ููŠู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ู„ู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ุฏูŠุงุจูŠุชุณุŒ younger

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age ูˆ non-obese A clinical spectrum of Maudi is

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broad ranging from asymptomatic hyperglycemia to

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an acute presentationูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…

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00:01:41,290 --> 00:01:46,230
ู…ูˆุถูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนูŠุด ุญูŠุงุฉ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃูŠ

22
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ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ูู‚ุท ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

23
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ุจุณูŠุท ููŠ ุงู„ glucoseู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุงููŠุด

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symptoms ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู… ุงูƒุชุดุงูู‡ู… ุตุฏูุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุฎุต

25
00:02:03,190 --> 00:02:08,210
ุจูŠุฏุฑูˆุญ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู„ุณุจุจ ุงูˆ ู„ุขุฎุฑ ูˆูŠุชู…

26
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ุงู„ุงูƒุชุดุงู ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hyperglycemia thirteen genes

27
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are associated with this disorder

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ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฃู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน

29
00:02:23,990 --> 00:02:29,630
ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ tworesult from mutations

30
00:02:29,630 --> 00:02:34,570
in the gene that encodes a glucokinase ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

31
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ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ partial deficiency of insulin

32
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secretion ุจูŠุจุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง

33
00:02:43,370 --> 00:02:48,090
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ 2 ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน

34
00:02:48,090 --> 00:02:55,060
ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูŠ caused by

35
00:02:55,060 --> 00:02:58,300
mutations in the genes that encode transcription

36
00:02:58,300 --> 00:03:05,680
factors ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ genes ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰

37
00:03:05,680 --> 00:03:09,280
ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ transcription factors ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ

38
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ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู†

39
00:03:13,180 --> 00:03:16,980
ุงู„ู€ regulation ู„ู€ expression of different genes in

40
00:03:16,980 --> 00:03:21,340
the pancreatic beta cells ูˆู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ

41
00:03:21,340 --> 00:03:24,600
ุงู„ expression ู„ุฌู†ุณ ููŠ ุงู„ pancreatic beta cells

42
00:03:24,600 --> 00:03:30,580
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ impaired insulin synthesis ุฃูˆ

43
00:03:30,580 --> 00:03:36,320
secretion ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ reduced beta cell mass

44
00:03:38,650 --> 00:03:41,830
mode mutations have substitution ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ

45
00:03:41,830 --> 00:03:44,630
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ mutations ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน

46
00:03:44,630 --> 00:03:49,590
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ substitution, deletion ุฃูˆ insertion of

47
00:03:49,590 --> 00:03:54,150
nucleotides in the coding region of the genes ุทุจุนุง

48
00:03:54,150 --> 00:04:01,090
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒุดู ุนู† ุงู„ mutations ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ PCR

49
00:04:03,610 --> 00:04:06,450
ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Orange Glucose Reliance Test ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Islet

50
00:04:06,450 --> 00:04:10,770
O2 Antibodies ูˆ ุงู„ู€ C-Peptide ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุงุนุฏูˆุง

51
00:04:10,770 --> 00:04:15,930
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ differentiation ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Type 1 ุฃูˆ

52
00:04:15,930 --> 00:04:21,170
ุงู„ู€ Type 2 Diabetes ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ genetic test ู…ุทู„ูˆุจุฉ

53
00:04:21,170 --> 00:04:28,860
ู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ diagnosis of ู…ูˆุฏูŠุทูŠุจ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„

54
00:04:28,860 --> 00:04:33,480
criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus ุทุจุนุง

55
00:04:33,480 --> 00:04:37,740
ุงู„ diagnosis ุจุชุงูŠู… ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุฃูˆ

56
00:04:37,740 --> 00:04:40,780
ุฃูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ููŠู†ุง ุงู„

57
00:04:40,780 --> 00:04:47,560
hemoglobin A1c ุงู„ cut-off point ู„ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉ

58
00:04:47,560 --> 00:04:55,380
ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ or greaterูˆ 6.5% ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†

59
00:04:55,380 --> 00:04:58,640
ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุนู†ุฏู‡ diabetes mellitus test should be

60
00:04:58,640 --> 00:05:02,300
performed in a laboratory using a method that is

61
00:05:02,300 --> 00:05:07,780
NGSP certified ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠู‡ ุทุฑู‚ ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู„ูุญุต ุงู„

62
00:05:07,780 --> 00:05:12,680
hemoglobin A1C ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ูุญุต ุงู„

63
00:05:12,680 --> 00:05:18,870
hemoglobin A1C ู„ุงู„ diagnosisof diabetes ู„ุงุจุฏ ุฅู†ู‡

64
00:05:18,870 --> 00:05:24,270
ูŠูƒูˆู† standardized test ูˆ ุงู„ standardized test ู‡ุฐุง

65
00:05:24,270 --> 00:05:30,590
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุงุฎุฏ certificate ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุณู…ู‰ ุงู„

66
00:05:30,590 --> 00:05:35,510
NGSB national glycohemoglobin standardization

67
00:05:35,510 --> 00:05:40,050
program ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุด ุฃูŠ kit ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ู…ู…ูƒู†

68
00:05:40,050 --> 00:05:45,310
ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ certified ู…ู† ุงู„

69
00:05:45,310 --> 00:05:46,330
NGSB

70
00:05:48,500 --> 00:05:51,720
a point of care assay should not be used for

71
00:05:51,720 --> 00:05:57,660
diagnoses ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ point of care assay ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง

72
00:05:57,660 --> 00:06:02,780
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ strips ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡

73
00:06:02,780 --> 00:06:08,260
ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฌู„ูˆุจ A ูˆ C ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุณุชุฎุฏู…

74
00:06:08,260 --> 00:06:13,460
ู„ู„ diagnoses ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง

75
00:06:13,460 --> 00:06:18,280
ุงู„ู„ูŠ fasting plasma glucoseูˆุฅูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุงุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€

76
00:06:18,280 --> 00:06:22,740
concentration ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† 126 milligram per deciliter

77
00:06:22,740 --> 00:06:28,820
ุฃูˆ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุฏูˆ ุฏูŠุงุจูŠุชุงุณ

78
00:06:28,820 --> 00:06:31,540
ู…ุงู„ูŠุชุงุณ fasting is defined as non calorie intake

79
00:06:31,540 --> 00:06:34,460
for at least eight hours ุทุจุนุง ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุตุงูŠู…

80
00:06:34,460 --> 00:06:41,440
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุชู…ุงู… ุณุงุนุชู‡ symptoms

81
00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:47,360
of hyperglycemia and casual plasma glucoseof two

82
00:06:47,360 --> 00:06:52,780
hundred milligram per deciliter or greater ุงู„ู„ูŠ

83
00:06:52,780 --> 00:06:57,980
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ casual plasma aglucose ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูุญุต

84
00:06:57,980 --> 00:07:03,330
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ aglucose ููŠ ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุชุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… without

85
00:07:03,330 --> 00:07:07,530
regard to time since the last meetุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ random

86
00:07:07,530 --> 00:07:11,450
ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ casual ุฃูˆ random blood glucoseุŒ ู„ุฃู† ูƒุงู†

87
00:07:11,450 --> 00:07:17,450
ููŠ symptoms ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ู† ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ู…ุน

88
00:07:17,450 --> 00:07:22,540
casual plasma glucose ุฃูˆ random plasma glucoseุงู„ู€

89
00:07:22,540 --> 00:07:26,160
Concentration 200 mg per deciliter ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู‡ูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡

90
00:07:26,160 --> 00:07:29,880
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆู‚ุชูŠู† ุชุดุฎูŠุตู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ type two

91
00:07:29,880 --> 00:07:32,720
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ diabetes mellitus the classic

92
00:07:32,720 --> 00:07:35,220
symptoms of hyperglycemia include polyuria

93
00:07:35,220 --> 00:07:42,740
polydipsia and unexplained weight loss ุฃูŠุถุง ูุญุต

94
00:07:42,740 --> 00:07:46,040
ุขุฎุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

95
00:07:46,040 --> 00:07:52,880
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุญุต ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจุนุฏ ุณุงุนุชูŠู†ู…ู† ุฅุนุทุงุก

96
00:07:52,880 --> 00:08:00,080
ุงู„ุฌุฑุนุฉ ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู„ู€ 75 ุฌุฑุงู… ุจุนุฏ ุณุงุนุชูŠู† ุฅุฐุง ุทู„ุนุช ุฃู†

97
00:08:00,080 --> 00:08:03,380
ุงู„ู€ concentration ู„ู€ plasma glucose ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† 200

98
00:08:03,380 --> 00:08:08,320
ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู… per deciliter ุฃูŠ ุจู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต

99
00:08:08,320 --> 00:08:11,920
can be diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus

100
00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:20,180
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃูˆ ููŠ laps

101
00:08:20,180 --> 00:08:25,840
ุฃูˆ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจุงู„ุฏู… ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ุจุดูƒู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุจูŠุฑ

102
00:08:25,840 --> 00:08:30,520
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ this criteria should be confirmed by

103
00:08:30,520 --> 00:08:34,340
repeating the same test on a different day ู„ุงุจุฏ ู…ู†

104
00:08:34,340 --> 00:08:39,720
ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูุญุต ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

105
00:08:39,720 --> 00:08:47,390
ู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุฃูˆ ู†ููŠ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ diabetes mellitusุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ

106
00:08:47,390 --> 00:08:50,690
ู„ู€ complications ุทุจุนุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ complications

107
00:08:50,690 --> 00:08:54,530
ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุตุงุญุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ diabetes

108
00:08:54,530 --> 00:09:01,190
mellitus ูˆุงู„ู†ุชุฌุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ ู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุงู„ุฏู…

109
00:09:01,190 --> 00:09:04,130
patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are

110
00:09:04,130 --> 00:09:07,230
at high risk for the development of chronic

111
00:09:07,230 --> 00:09:10,930
complications ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ complications ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠู‡ุง

112
00:09:10,930 --> 00:09:15,570
ุงู† ุงู„ microvascular complications ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ

113
00:09:15,570 --> 00:09:20,030
ุงู„ู‰ retinopathyุŒ nephropathy ุฃูˆ neuropathy ูˆุนู†ุง ุงู„

114
00:09:20,030 --> 00:09:24,310
microvascular complications ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰

115
00:09:24,310 --> 00:09:28,930
ุงู„ atherosclerosis ูˆ ุงู„ cardiovascular diseases

116
00:09:31,990 --> 00:09:39,710
ุจู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ู€ molecular mechanisms ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„

117
00:09:39,710 --> 00:09:44,330
complications ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ

118
00:09:44,330 --> 00:09:50,230
ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุฃู† ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ hypothesisูˆู‚ุฏ ุชู… ุชูุถูŠู„ู‡ุง

119
00:09:50,230 --> 00:09:54,050
ู„ุชุดุฑุญ ูƒูŠู ุชุณุจุจ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุง

120
00:09:54,050 --> 00:09:54,290
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ

121
00:09:54,290 --> 00:09:54,970
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ

122
00:09:54,970 --> 00:09:58,650
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ

123
00:09:58,650 --> 00:10:03,510
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ

124
00:10:03,510 --> 00:10:04,510
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ

125
00:10:04,510 --> 00:10:04,550
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ

126
00:10:04,550 --> 00:10:10,690
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑู‚ู„ูŠุณูŠู…ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

127
00:10:10,690 --> 00:10:14,410
ุฒูŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin A1C ุฃูˆ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

128
00:10:14,410 --> 00:10:20,730
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู€ Glucated albumin ุงู„ activation ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†

129
00:10:20,730 --> 00:10:27,090
ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ C ูˆ ุงู„ activation ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ C ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุฒูŠุฏ

130
00:10:27,090 --> 00:10:31,210
ู…ู† ุงู„ oxidative stress production of super oxide

131
00:10:31,210 --> 00:10:35,650
and other reactive oxygen species ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚

132
00:10:35,650 --> 00:10:39,130
ุงู„ mitochondrial electron transported chainุจุฑุถู‡ ุฃู†

133
00:10:39,130 --> 00:10:43,370
ุงู„ู€ endoplasmic reticulum stress increased

134
00:10:43,370 --> 00:10:48,850
hexosamine pathway flux ูˆ ุงู„ activation of

135
00:10:48,850 --> 00:10:52,270
sarcomergic-II domain containing phosphatase-I ุงู„ูˆ

136
00:10:52,270 --> 00:11:02,890
ุงู„ SHP-I ุงู„ุฃู† ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ mechanisms ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุจุท

137
00:11:02,890 --> 00:11:10,240
ุจูŠู†ู‡ุงู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Overproduction of Super Oxide ูŠุจู‚ู‰

138
00:11:10,240 --> 00:11:16,540
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Reactive

139
00:11:16,540 --> 00:11:22,260
Oxygen Species ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„

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ุงู„ู€ Molecular Mechanisms ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ุงูˆุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู†

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ุงู„ู€ clinical trials are underway using novel

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therapies specifically directed at the signaling

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molecules ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ุงูŠุช C ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง

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ุจุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ oxidative stress ุฃูˆ

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ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… antioxidants to neutralize the effects of

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the oxidants ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุงุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ

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ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ mechanisms ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„

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oxidants ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ reactive oxygen species

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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงุญู†ุง ุชุนุงู…ู„ู†ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ reactive

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oxygen species ูˆู‚ู„ู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุง

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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญู„

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ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญู„ ุงู„ complications ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจุงู„

153
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diabetes malatus ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„

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ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ diabetes malatus ูˆ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒูˆุง ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ