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Alexander Cameron (priest) | By 2011, however, Thomas Wynne had become very skeptical of Rev. MacBean's allegations and, according to John S. Gibson, there is considerable documentary evidence, "of the warm family feeling which animated the brothers". According to Wynne, the decision to assign Alexander Cameron to the Frasers and Chisholms of Strathglass, rather than as a missionary in his native district, is far more likely to have been made by their "uncle" (in reality their father's first cousin), Bishop Hugh MacDonald, the Vicar Apostolic of the Highland District, than by Donald Cameron of Lochiel. This theory is consistent, according to S.A. MacWilliam, with how the Catholic Church was organized at a time when Scotland was still considered a mission territory and therefore subject to the Congregation for the Propaganda of the Faith. All priests then serving in Scotland, including Jesuits and those from other religious orders, were assigned to their particular missionary fields at the sole discretion of their respective District's Vicar Apostolic. |
Alexander Cameron (priest) | Even reports from anti-Catholic sources confirm that Cameron was very successful as a missionary in the country of Clan Chisholm and Clan Fraser. For example, in a 27 April 1743 report from Dingwall (Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Pheofharain) to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, local Presbyterian ministers noted that Cameron, who "hath lately settled in the part of Strathglass that pertains to Lord Lovet, and is employed as a Poppish Missionary in that neighbourhood and Glenstrathfarrar, and trafficks with great success; and he hath great advantage by his connection with the inhabitants of Lochaber, which gives the people in these quarters where he is employed occasion to suppose that is in his power to protect them and their cattle from the invasions of the people of that country, or to avenge himself upon them by their means, by which the few Protestants that are there are most discouraged and kept in perpetual terror; several arguments and methods said to be used by him would more become a country where Popery had the advantage of law in its favour than places that are under a Protestant Government, by which all means find that a greater number have been perverted to Popery in these parts within the last few months than thirty years before. The Presbytery do instruct their Commissioners to urge the General Assembly to take the matters above mentioned to their serious and reasonable consideration, and endeavour to procure the Assembly's particular recommendation to the Committee for Reformation of the Highlands to take special care for providing these corners, not only with a well-qualified preacher, but also with a Catechist and Schoolmaster, and that the Assembly give proper order for executing the laws against Messrs. John Farquharson and Alexander Cameron." |
Alexander Cameron (priest) | On 1 May 1744, the presbytery of Inverness resolved that something had to be done urgently about, "the great growth of Popery in the country of Strathglass where Allexr. Cameron and John Farquharson, Popish priests, have been trafficking for considerable time past and have their constant residence and their public Mass-houses". An appeal was made to the General Assembly, "that the Assembly may fall on effective methods to stop this contagion and particularly that they appoint a committee of their number to represent this matter to the Lord Justices Clerk, that the law may be put into execution against these priests, and proper orders given for demolishing these Mass-houses". The Presbytery further reported that the chief of Clan Chisholm had recently, "promised to protect the officers of the law in demolishing the Mass-houses in his ground, and the Presbytery expect the same of the Lord Lovat, his Lordship having written to this Presbytery, that he would, what in him lay, discourage priests and Popery in his bounds." |
Alexander Cameron (priest) | Having married into a Whig branch of Clan Campbell and completely rejected Jacobitism in the 1730s, Alexander's youngest brother, John Cameron of Fassiefern, had refused to join the rising and instead had immediately surrendered himself to the Hanoverian Sheriff of Argyllshire to demonstrate his loyalty, but his livestock was still looted after Culloden by government troops under the command of Captain Caroline Scott, one of several officers whose conduct during the aftermath of the Rising still remains notorious. Considering the profits to be made by both officers and enlisted men, however, from the confiscation of Highland livestock and it's sale at Fort Augustus, the Jesuit's brother was facing a far from uncommon experience for pro-government Gaels. For example, despite also composing immortal poetry in Scottish Gaelic literature about fighting for King George II in the Campbell of Argyll Militia during the Battle of Falkirk Muir, Duncan Ban MacIntyre offers, according to John Lorne Campbell, in his later poetry, "an interesting testimony to the bitter disillusionment of the Highlanders who had come to the aid of the Government, to be in the end treated no better that those who had rebelled against it." |
Alexander Cameron (priest) | Even so, in July 1746, British Army Commander in Chief for Scotland Lord Albemarle was informed that Fr. Cameron has just been surprised and captured by a detachment of government troops commanded by Captain McNiel while hiding at the White Sands of Morar (Scottish Gaelic: Mòrar) and then handed over to Royal Navy Captain John Fergussone , whose ship was then cruising off the island of Raasay (Scottish Gaelic: Ratharsair). An April 1748 letter to Bishop Robert Forbes by the heir to the Laird of Raasay provides a detailed account of the alleged depredations of Captain Fergussone and his crew upon the isle during their two visits in mid-May and in July of 1746. Young Raasay's allegations include cattle raiding, looting, arson, flogging those suspected of knowing where to find the prince with the cat o' nine tails, and the alleged sexual assault of Christian Montgomery and Maron MacLeod. The Albemarle Papers, which are believed to be based on a now lost second ship's log of H.M.S. Furnace, give Alexander Cameron's date of arrival onboard as 12 July 1746. |
Alexander Cameron (priest) | In addition, according to John S. Gibson, to once having, "had a Skyeman flogged insensible for having been the prince's boatman", Captain Fergussone, according to the Jesuit's sister in law, similarly "brutalised" Fr. Cameron by denying him a bed and instead placing him in iron chains among the ropes and cables of the Furnace as she cruised up and down the notoriously cold and rainy west coast of Scotland. This behaviour was not only motivated by anti-Catholicism, as Captain Fergussone treated non-juring Episcopal ministers aboard the Furnace, with the same deliberate and unnecessary cruelty. According to historian John S. Gibson, "Captain John Fergussone an Aberdeenshire man with an Aberdeenshire man's antipathy towards Highlanders". According to Gibson's naval history of the rising and the manhunt during its aftermath, Fergussone tended to use interrogation methods now considered torture overwhelmingly against prisoners whom he suspected of withholding information about the location of the prince or of other fugitives with similarly large bounties promised for their capture. Unfortunately for Fergussone's Jesuit prisoner, according to John S. Gibson's 1994 biography of Lochiel, during the summer of 1746, "The capture of the Cameron chief was seen as the main objective." |
Alexander Cameron (priest) | According to detailed notes taken by Robert Forbes after interviewing Jean Cameron of Dungallon, the Jesuit's sister in law, Fr. Cameron fell seriously ill as a result of these conditions and complaints were duly made about John Fergussone's treatment of Lochiel's brother to senior officers in the British armed forces. In response to these complaints, Lord Albemarle, who had replaced the Duke of Cumberland as British Army Commander in Chief for Scotland, assigned a doctor to visit the prisoners aboard HMS Furnace. After the doctor, "returned and said if Mr. Cameron was not brought ashore or was better assisted he must die soon by neglect and ill-usage", Lord Albemarle immediately sent a party aboard "with an order to Ferguson to deliver up Mr. Cameron". In reply, Captain Fergussone, "said he was his prisoner and he would not deliver him up to any person without an express order from the Duke of Newcastle or the Lords of the Admiralty". Other friends of the priest then attempted to deliver proper bedding and "other necessities" to the Furnace, but Captain Fergussone, "swore if they offered to put them on board he would sink them and their boat directly. The Captain soon afterwards sailed..." |
Alexander Cameron (priest) | According to Wynne, "The total mortality in the prison ships must have been enormous because of the semi-starvation, disease, and semi-clad condition of the men. It is estimated that out of the first batch of five hundred and sixty four prisoners transported to the Thames in June 1746, one hundred and fifty seven died in five weeks after their arrival. Captain Fergussone was particularly bitter against Roman Catholic priests and the non-jurant Episcopal ministers, and this was borne out in his personal vindictiveness against Fr Cameron. From the evidence that is available, it appears that Fr Alexander was not transferred to the prison hulks at anchor in the Thames, but was kept aboard the Furnace, by Fergussone, in the hell-hole which he had endured for more than four months. He was a desperately ill man by now. As a result of the ravages of starvation, rampant infection, disease, the cold and damp, which he could not resist with such flimsy clothing, his condition was weakening all the time. He had now lost the comfort and consolation of his fellow priests, as they had been transferred to other ships, and those prisoners who were left in the stinking hold of the Furnace were by this stage probably too weak to be moved and would have died if an attempt had been made to transfer them." |
Anarchism in Russia | The first anarchist groups to attract a significant following of Russian workers or peasants, were the anarcho-communist Chernoe-Znamia groups, founded in Białystok in 1903. They drew their support mainly from the impoverished and persecuted working-class Jews of the "Pale"-the places on the Western borders of the Russian Empire where Jews were "allowed" to live. The Chernoe Znamia made their first attack in 1904, when Nisan Farber, a devoted member of the group, stabbed a strike-breaking industrialist on the Jewish Day of Atonement. The Chernoe Znamia, Left SRs and Zionists of Bialystock congregated inside a forest to decide their next action. At the end of the meeting the shouts of "Long Live the Social Revolution" and "Hail Anarchy" attracted the police to the secret meeting. Violence ensued, leaving many revolutionaries arrested or wounded. In vengeance, Nisan Farber threw a homemade bomb at a police station, killing himself and injuring many. He quickly became a Revolutionary Martyr to the Anarchists, and when Bloody Sunday broke out in ST Petersburg his actions began to be imitated by the rest of the Chernoe Znamias. Obtaining weapons was the first objective. Police stations, gun shops and arsenals were raided and their stock stolen. Bomb labs were set up and money gleaned from expropriations went to buying more weapons from Vienna. Bialystock became a warzone, virtually everyday an Anarchist attack or a Police repression. Ekaterinoslav, Odessa, Warsaw and Baku all became witnesses to more and more gunpoint hold-ups and tense shootouts. Sticks of dynamite were thrown into factories or mansions of the most loathed capitalists. Workers were encouraged to overthrow their bosses and manage the factory for themselves. Workers and peasants throughout the Empire took this advice to heart and sporadic uprisings in the remote countryside became a common sight. The Western borderlands in particular - the cities of Russian Poland, Ukraine and Lithuania flared up in anger and hatred. |
Anarchism in Russia | The Revolution in the Pale reached a bloody climax in November and December 1905 with the bombing of the Hotel Bristol in Warsaw and the Cafe Libman in Odessa. After the suppression of the December Uprising in Moscow, the Anarchists retreated for a while, but soon returned to the Revolution. Even the small towns and villages of the countryside had their own Anarchist fighting groups. But the tide was turning against the revolutionaries. In 1907, the Tsarist Minister Stolypin set about his new "pacification" program. Police received more arms, orders and reinforcements to raid Anarchist centres. The police would track the Anarchists to their headquarters and then strike swiftly and brutally. The Anarchists were tried by court martial in which preliminary investigation was waived, verdicts delivered within 2 days and sentences executed immediately. Rather than succumb to the ignominy of arrest, many Anarchists preferred suicide when cornered. Those that were caught would usually deliver a rousing speech on Justice and Anarchy before they were executed, in the manner of Ravachol and Émile Henry. By 1909 most of the Anarchists were either dead, exiled or in jail. Anarchism was not to resurface in Russia until 1917. |
Anarchism in Russia | Though within the next year they would come to consider the Bolsheviks traitors to the socialist cause, urban anarchist groups initially saw Lenin and his comrades as allies in the fight against capitalist oppression. Understanding the need for widespread support in his quest for Communism, Lenin often deliberately appealed to anarchist sentiments in the eight months between the February and October Revolutions. Many optimistic anarchists interpreted Lenin's slogan of "All Power to the Soviets!" as the potential for a Russia run by autonomous collectives without the burden of central authority. Lenin also described the triumph of Communism as the eventual "withering away of the state." All this time, however, anarchists remained wary of the Bolsheviks. Mikhail Bakunin, the hero of Russian anarchism, had expressed skepticism toward the scientific, excessively rational nature of Marxism. He and his followers preferred a more instinctive form of revolution. One of them, Bill Shatov, described the anarchists as "the romanticists of the Revolution." Their eagerness to get the ball rolling became apparent during the July Days, in which Petrograd soldiers, sailors and workers revolted in an attempt to claim power for the Petrograd Soviet. While this was not an anarchist-driven event, the anarchists of Petrograd played a large role in inciting the people of the city to action. In any case, Lenin was not amused by the revolt and instructed those involved to quiet down until he told them otherwise. |
Anarchism in Russia | The sense of betrayal came to a head in March 1918, when Lenin signed the Brest-Litovsk peace treaty with Germany. Though the Bolshevik leaders claimed that the treaty was necessary to allow the revolution to progress, anarchists widely saw it as an excessive compromise which counteracted the idea of international revolution. The Bolsheviks had begun to see the anarchists as a legitimate threat and associated criminality such as robberies, expropriations and murders with anarchist associations. Subsequently, the Council of People's Commissars (Sovnarkom) decided to liquidate criminal recklessness which was associated with anarchists and disarm all anarchist groups in the face of their militancy. After months of increasing anarchist resistance and dwindling Bolshevik patience, the Communist government decisively split with their libertarian agitators in the spring of 1918. In Moscow and Petrograd the newly formed Cheka was sent in to disband all anarchist organizations, and largely succeeded. |
Anarchism in Russia | The attempted Third Russian Revolution began in July 1918 with the assassination of the German Ambassador to the Soviet Union in order to prevent the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. This was immediately followed by an artillery attack on the Kremlin and the occupation of the telegraph and telephone buildings by the Left SRs who sent out several manifestos appealing to the people to rise up against their oppressors and destroy the Bolshevik regime. But whilst this order was not followed by the people of Moscow, the peasants of South Russia responded vigorously to this call to arms. Bands of Chernoe Znamia and Beznachaly anarchist terrorists flared up as rapidly and violently as they had done in 1905. Anarchists in Rostov, Ekaterinoslav and Briansk broke into prisons to liberate the anarchist prisoners and issued fiery proclamations calling on the people to revolt against the Bolshevik regime. The Anarchist Battle Detachments attacked the Whites, Reds and Germans alike. Many peasants joined the Revolution, attacking their enemies with pitchforks and sickles. Meanwhile, in Moscow, the Underground Anarchists were formed by Kazimir Kovalevich and Piotr Sobalev to be the shock troops of the Revolution, infiltrating Bolshevik ranks and striking when least expected. On 25 September 1919, the Underground Anarchists struck the Bolsheviks with the heaviest blow of the Revolution. The headquarters of the Moscow Committee of the Communist Party was blown up, killing 12 and injuring 55 Party members, including Nikolai Bukharin and Emilian Iaroslavskii. Spurred on by their apparent success, the Underground Anarchists proclaimed a new "era of dynamite" that would finally wipe away capitalism and the State. The Bolsheviks responded by initiating a new wave of mass arrests in which Kovalevich and Sobalev were the first to be shot. With their leaders dead and much of their organization in tatters, the remaining Underground Anarchists blew themselves up in their last battle with the Cheka, taking much of their safe house with them. Numerous attacks and assassinations occurred frequently until the Revolution finally petered out in 1922. Although the Revolution was mainly a Left SR initiative, it was the Anarchists who had the support of a greater number of the population and they participated in almost all of the attacks the Left SRs organized, and also many on completely their own initiative. The most celebrated figures of the Third Russian Revolution, Lev Chernyi and Fanya Baron were both Anarchists. |
Anarchism in Russia | To the disillusioned Russian anarchist exiles, the experience of the Russian Revolution had fully justified Mikhail Bakunin's earlier declaration that "socialism without liberty is slavery and bestiality." Russian anarchists living abroad began to openly attack the "new kings" of the Communist Party, criticising the NEP as a restoration of capitalism and comparing Vladimir Lenin to the Spanish inquisitor Tomás de Torquemada, the Italian political philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli and the French revolutionary Maximilien Robespierre. They positioned themselves in opposition to the Bolshevik government, calling for the destruction of Russian state capitalism and its replacement with workers' self-management by factory committees and councils. But while anarchist exiles were united in their criticisms of the Bolshevik government and their recognition that the Russian anarchist movement had collapsed due to its disorganization, their internal divisions remained, with the anarcho-syndicalists around Grigorii Maksimov, Efim Yarchuk and Alexander Schapiro establishing The Workers' Way as their organ, while anarcho-communists around Peter Arshinov and Volin established The Anarchist Herald as their own. |
Anarchism in Russia | During the late 1920s, a number of anarchist exiles decided to return to Russia and appealed to the Soviet government for permission. With the aid of the Right Oppositionist Nikolai Bukharin, Efim Iarchuk was permitted to return in 1925, after which he joined the Communist Party. In 1930, Arshniov also returned to Russia under amnesty and joined the Communist Party, leaving Dielo Truda in the editorial hands of Grigorii Maksimov. Under Maksimov, the publication took on a notable syndicalist stance while also offering a platform to other anarchist tendencies, becoming the Russian anarchist exiles' most important publication. Maksimov attempted to bridge the divide between the anarcho-syndicalists and anarcho-communists, publishing a social credo that attempted to synthesise the two along the lines of Peter Kropotkin's earlier works. Maksimov suggested the establishment of agricultural cooperatives and factory committees that could oversee the improvement of conditions and reduction of working hours during the transition to communism, the replacement of prisons with public welfare institutions and disbandment of standing armies in favor of a "people's militia", and the taking over of product distribution by a network of housing and consumer cooperatives. He also denounced the Communist International and claimed that the IWA was the true successor to the First International of Karl Marx and Mikhail Bakunin, due to their adherence to the idea that "the liberation of the working class is the task of the workers themselves", condemning centralization as leading inevitably to bureaucracy - as evidenced by the events in Russia. In his later years, Maksimov published his history of the Soviet Union The Guillotine at Work and edited the collected works of Mikhail Bakunin. |
Anarchism in Russia | The remnants of the Russian anarchist exiles began to wane during the 1930s, as their journals became less frequent and filled with republications of old texts, their activities mostly consisted of celebrating the anniversaries of past events and their criticisms became increasingly levelled at Joseph Stalin and Adolf Hitler. The events of the Spanish Revolution briefly revived the exile movement, but after the defeat of the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War, the exiles largely ceased activity. During this period a number of the exiled anarchist old guard began to die off, including Alexander Berkman and Emma Goldman during the late 1930s, and Voline, Alexander Schapiro and Grigorii Maksimov in the wake of the Allied victory in World War II. The surviving Abba Gordin had since shifted away from communism, publishing a critique of Marxism in 1940 that concluded it was an ideology of "a privileged class of politico-economic organisateurs" rather than of workers, and further characterized the Russian Revolution as a "managerial revolution". Gordin increasingly gravitated towards nationalism, culminating in his adoption of Zionism and his eventual emigration to Israel, where he would die in 1964. |
Anarchism in Russia | When Stalin allied himself with the right-wing policy of socialism in one country, the Troika broke up, with Kamenev and Zinoviev forming a "United Opposition" in coalition with the left-wing. The Opposition demanded freedom of expression within the party, called for an end to the New Economic Policy (NEP), and proposed the rapid industrialization of the economy and a reduction of state bureaucracy. The "anarcho-Bolshevik" Victor Serge subsequently joined the Opposition upon his return to the country, but predicted its defeat at the hands of reactionary forces within the party. The Opposition was defeated at the 15th Party Congress, with many of its members being expelled from the party and forced into exile, where Serge became an outspoken critic of the authoritarian way that Stalin governed the country - describing the Soviet government as "totalitarian". The anarcho-syndicalist Maksim Rayevsky, who had previously edited Golos Truda and Burevestnik, was also arrested for publishing the Opposition's platform. |
Anarchism in Russia | During the era of Stagnation, a new group known as the "Left Opposition" was established by a collective of Leningrad students in 1978. Led by the libertarian socialist, Alexander Skobov, they established a commune in the city, which acted as a meeting place for left-wing Soviet dissidents, and published their own journal Perspektivy. The journal published articles by a number of different authors of various tendencies, including anarchist authors like Mikhail Bakunin, Peter Kropotkin and Daniel Cohn-Bendit, as well as Marxist authors like Leon Trotsky and Herbert Marcuse. The ideas published in their programme were characterized as "ultra-left", positioning itself against the Soviet state and in favor of freedom of association and the right to self-determination. Some more radical members of the group, inspired by the Red Army Faction, even called for the use of armed struggle and illegalist methods against the state, but its leaders Arkady Tsurkov and Alexander Skobov encouraged nonviolence. The group planned to organize a conference that would bring together leftist dissident groups from throughout the Union, but the planned conference was postponed by an orthodox Marxist group and eventually called off entirely due to political repression preventing delegates from arriving. The commune was raided, their members followed and their leaders sentenced to years in the Gulag. |
Teen Wolf: The Movie | The Nogitsune abducts Liam, Hikari, Derek, Eli, Noah, Mason and Deaton, and holds them hostage in an illusionary bardo. Lydia and Jackson examine the forest fires and realize that rowan trees were burned in order to produce mountain ash. The culprit is Adrian Harris, who has been in hiding since his apparent murder, blaming Scott's pack for his misfortunes and plotting revenge. Harris surrounds the stadium with mountain ash and forces Lydia to watch her friends' plight so the Nogitsune can feed on her pain. Lydia produces a banshee scream that causes Allison to remember her past upon hearing it. Scott persuades the Nogitsune to let everyone go if Allison executes him. She reluctantly shoots him, but Hikari's kitsune spirit shields him from harm. Parrish burns through the mountain ash, and he, Chris, Melissa, and the others join the pack in bardo. The reunited pack kill the Oni while Scott, Derek and Eli overpower the Nogitsune. Derek restrains it until Parrish incinerates them both. Derek's eyes turn red in his final moments, becoming a true Alpha through his act of self-sacrifice. Allison reunites with Scott and her friends. |
Randle Cotgrave | A second edition was published in 1632 together with an English-French dictionary by Robert Sherwood. Later editions revised and enlarged by James Howell appeared in 1650, 1660 and 1673. The author presented a copy of the first edition to Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I, and received from him a gift of ten pounds. Cotgrave's dictionary, though not free of ludicrous mistakes, was for its time an unusually careful and intelligent piece of lexicography, still referred to by students of English and of French philology. Two autograph letters of Cotgrave are extant, addressed to M. Beaulieu, secretary to the British ambassador at Paris. The first, dated 27 November 1610, relates to the progress being made with printing his dictionary, saying he had received valuable help from Beaulieu himself and from a Mr Limery. The other letter, states that he has sent his correspondent two copies of his book and requests payment of twenty-two shillings, "which they cost me, who have not been provident enough to reserve any of them, and therefore am forced to be beholden for them to a base and mechanicall generation, that suffers no respect to weigh down a private gain." Thus it appears that Cotgrave was still in Lord Burghley's service. |
François Roffiaen | However, on several occasions a critic like Gustave Lagye attempted to emphasise the qualities of his art, both in its extreme delicacy and finesse and in its almost photographic detail. "Although opposed to M. Roffiaen for his manner of painting, dry and thin, I am obliged to admire him for the prodigious ability and above all for the exquisite art with which he holds grandiose panoramas in the narrowest of frames, where he chisels the smallest bump with the scruples of a miniaturist. Allow lovers of great painting to prefer in general large studies, executed in a day of fever and inspiration, but the tourist always prefers fine and complete pictorial photographs, where M. Roffiaen allows them to rediscover the scenes that he admired and details of the places themselves from an enthusiastic and curious point of view. His Borders of the Meuse, at Wauslort; his Marshes of Genck, at the approach of Sunset; his View into the Bernese Overland, are treated in a gothic manner, also in their perspective and their elegance. M. Roffiaen is a figure apart in the Belgian artistic movement and one should give him the justice he is due" . The execution of certain animals or little characters which fill out his works have been left to others more expert than he in these matters, as is the custom in traditional artistic circles : Johannes Hubertus Leonardus de Haas , Adolf Dillens , Théodore Gérard , Louis Robbe , Paul Van der Vin , Frans Van Leemputten , Eugène Verboeckhoven or again the brothers Edward and Constant Woutermaetens. |
François Roffiaen | François Roffiaen is equally illustrious in the domain of natural sciences, to which Jules Colbeau introduced him in his youth. While children the two companions already took delight in observing nature in the little property that Colbeau's parents owned in the suburbs of Namur. Once adult, they took a journey together to Switzerland where they collected insects, butterflies and molluscs. In January 1863, their mutual passion for the last type of living creatures led them, with five other people, Firmin De Malzine, Egide Fologne, Henri Lambotte, Alexandre Seghers and Joseph Weyers – to found the Malacological Society of Belgium, to whose Annals Roffiaen made diverse contributions : "Notes conchyoliogiques" (French translation from an article in Italian by Dr Senoner (t.1); "Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillis en Suisse" and "Essais pour obtenir les Helix scalariformes" (t.3); "Coquilles recueillies à Hastière et à Chimay" (t. 6); "Mollusques observés dans la vallée de l'Ourthe" (t. 8); "Mollusques recueillis dans le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg" (t. 9); "Mollusques recueillis à Gand"; "Mollusques recueillis à Waulsor" (t. 10); "Mollusques recueillis dans les environs de Gand" (t. 11); "Notes sur des mollusques recueillis à Waulsort" (t. 12); "Jules Colbeau et la Société royale malacologique de Belgique" (t. 16); "Rapport sur l'assemble générale du 1er juillet 1882" (t. 17). The owner of a remarkable personal collection of molluscs, he also attended to the increase and the presentation of those of the Malacological Society, invented a series of instruments used to extract the animals from their shells and constructed a cochlearium, a sort of vivarium used for the observation and raising of molluscs. A sign of the place he occupies in this little scholarly world of his time, two of the animals—one living and a fossil—even received his name, Planorbis Roffiaeni and Cyprina Roffiaeni respectively. |
François Roffiaen | Some months after his death, the local authorities gave the name of François Roffiaen to a street in Ixelles. In 1907, an article was dedicated to him in the Biographie nationale, edited by the Royal Academy of Belgium. Madeleine Ley , his great grand daughter , called his image briefly to mind in her novel Olivia . But the character had already been forgotten. In the first half of the twentieth century his name was no longer cited except by chance, his case dismissed in a few hasty phrases and often scathingly, preferring a livelier form of art, one that was more personal, more "sincere", more "credible", in a word, more "modern" than his, as if this was understood once and for all. Since the years 1960–70, however, there has been a renewal of interest in the art of the "little masters" of the nineteenth century, to which there are more than one "folding away seat of some kind after the official armchair that many among them have occupied at the time of a triumphant academism and towards which certain people attempt to return, since the course of taste is in perpetual motion" , and the work of Roffiaen is on the way to becoming rehabilitated. A first exhibition was especially dedicated to him at the communal Museum of Ypres, from 5 December 1998 to 4 April 1999. |
I Decided (album) | Neil Z. Yeung from AllMusic wrote: "While I Decided. may not light up the club like his past efforts, it shines a different, more nurturing light onto deeper parts of his soul." Andy Belt of Consequence said, "I Decided. is a fresh statement that proves Big Sean is continuing to evolve". Eric Renner Brown of Entertainment Weekly said, "It's a supremely listenable album, loaded with comfort-food hip-hop fit for booming club sound systems and earbuds on the subway alike. It's also Sean's most cohesive, personal work to date". A. Harmony of Exclaim! said, "Big Sean exhibits growth and wisdom on I Decided., and that's definitely worth a listen. This is a solid effort". Colin Groundwater for Pretty Much Amazing stated that "on his fourth studio album, he positions himself as hip-hop's poster-boy for all of these qualities , but in rapping about such unassailable ideas, he comes away with uninteresting results". HipHopDX stated, "Is it going to be the album of the year? No. But it's a very high quality, and very enjoyable". Preezy of XXL said, "Big Sean rises to the occasion on I Decided., arguably the best album of his career, and one that secures his spot as one of the top five artists in hip-hop today". Jack Dolan of Clash said, "While it's undoubtedly a solid addition to Sean's catalogue, at the end of I Decided. it's the flows and instrumentals that are left with the listener, having upstaged what Sean is actually trying to say". |
I Decided (album) | Matthew Strauss of Pitchfork said, "While he has become incrementally more skilled over the years, not much else has changed. Throughout I Decided., Sean conflates the passing of time with growth and progress. Nothing on I Decided., however, suggests that he has gained perspective worth sharing or to which he should devote a whole album". S. David of Tiny Mix Tapes said, "He is not a bad rapper, simply an average evangelist, and I Decided. is the latest chapter in his average brand of hero-worshiping gospel. He is a welcome change from the inheritors and the try-hards; he brings a tired smile to the face". Writing for Rolling Stone, Brittany Spanos concluded: "As always, his earnestness is believable. Every moment he counts his blessings – like on the casually catchy single "Bounce Back" – you root for him. He embraces his underdog status, especially since he is most often pitted against and working with rap's biggest personalities, like Kanye West, Drake, and Kendrick Lamar. More often than not, however, he gets swallowed by the larger-than-life brands and presences of those he surrounds himself with, like Eminem who steals Sean's thunder with the quality, agility and fire of his guest verse on "No Favors"." |
List of Michigan State Historic Sites | Alcona (5) • Alger (19) • Allegan (37) • Alpena (13) • Antrim (10) • Arenac (5) • Baraga (10) • Barry (30) • Bay (34) • Benzie (8) • Berrien (53) • Branch (23) • Calhoun (110) • Cass (23) • Charlevoix (21) • Cheboygan (17) • Chippewa (31) • Clare (9) • Clinton (26) • Crawford (9) • Delta (13) • Dickinson (12) • Eaton (54) • Emmet (26) • Genesee (80) • Gladwin (2) • Gogebic (9) • Grand Traverse (22) • Gratiot (20) • Hillsdale (25) • Houghton (39) • Huron (30) • Ingham (103) • Ionia (36) • Iosco (10) • Iron (14) • Isabella (13) • Jackson (47) • Kalamazoo (62) • Kalkaska (4) • Kent (83) • Keweenaw (15) • Lake (9) • Lapeer (29) • Leelanau (25) • Lenawee (69) • Livingston (31) • Luce (7) • Mackinac (48) • Macomb (62) • Manistee (20) • Marquette (41) • Mason (17) • Mecosta (14) • Menominee (15) • Midland (7) • Missaukee (2) • Monroe (26) • Montcalm (10) • Montmorency (4) • Muskegon (27) • Newaygo (14) • Oakland (198) • Oceana (6) • Ogemaw (6) • Ontonagon (9) • Osceola (6) • Oscoda (1) • Otsego (3) • Ottawa (55) • Presque Isle (13) • Roscommon (5) • Saginaw (44) • St. Clair (45) • St. Joseph (43) • Sanilac (29) • Schoolcraft (5) • Shiawassee (36) • Tuscola (47) • Van Buren (28) • Washtenaw (96) • Wayne (357) • Wexford (14) • Outside Michigan (8) |
The Medic Droid | The Medic Droid was started in 2005 with Chris Donathon, Hector Bagnod and Johnny Chavez (Droid). Bagnod and Donathon first met in 2003, but Donathon moved away from the city after they met, only to return (and begin the band) a few years later. The group gained a strong initial following through the social networking site Myspace; by mid-2008 the song "Fer Sure" had logged almost 2 million plays on the site and the group had accumulated over 100,000 friends there. Soon they were noticed by manager Avery Andon who brought the band to New York where they played their first live show opening for Enter Shikari at The Bowery Ballroom and caught the eye of A&R's from Epic Records who would later go on to sign the band. The group eventually made two new songs "Keeping Up with the Joneses" and "FSCENE8", enlisting the help of Australian DJ S3RL to remix these songs. In late 2007, Johnny Droid left the band due to issues with the other members and created his own solo band called J0hnny. In 2011, he announced he was making a band with S3RL called R0bots. |
Blacksyke Tower | The engine house ruins show that a considerable amount of attention to detail was undertaken to build the tower house with an authentic appearance, although the walls are not unduly thick, with a reportedly vaulted ground level, a water spout; randomly placed windows; a corbelled parapet on the east and south side; crow-stepped gables and on the north-east a turret that was once a chimney as evidenced by soot within and two access flue, one from within the main building. The four walls of this rectangular structure (6.0 by 8.0m and only 0.7m thick) were rubble-built and the corners have dressed stone quoins. The south-facing gable end has a crow-step feature which is slightly offset from the main wall and has the roof angle trace marked upon it. The stone type and quality of the crow-step feature and the side building to the west suggest that they were later structures and that the castle-features were a later addition to a previously normal engine house. The iron supports for a drainpipe are located on the south-facing gable end. |
Netherlands national football team | With Guus Hiddink as manager, the Netherlands went to Euro 1996. After finishing second in their group, they played France in the quarter-finals. With the score 0–0, the match went to penalties. Clarence Seedorf's shot in the fourth round was stopped by French goalkeeper Bernard Lama, and the penalty by Laurent Blanc eliminated the Netherlands. After they finished top of the qualifying group, they were drawn in Group E of the 1998 World Cup. With the Netherlands team featuring Dennis Bergkamp, Marc Overmars, Phillip Cocu, Edgar Davids, Frank de Boer, Ronald de Boer and Patrick Kluivert, they reached the semi-finals where they again lost on penalties, this time to Brazil. They then lost the third place playoff to Croatia. Soon afterwards, Hiddink resigned, to be replaced by Frank Rijkaard. The Netherlands co-hosted Euro 2000 with Belgium and won all three games in the group stage and then defeated FR Yugoslavia 6–1 in the quarter-finals. In the semi-finals, Italian goalkeeper Francesco Toldo made two penalty shootout saves to eliminate the Netherlands. The team failed to qualify for the 2002 World Cup after crucial losses to Portugal and the Republic of Ireland, prompting manager Louis van Gaal to resign. |
Netherlands national football team | The Netherlands qualified for the 2006 World Cup under new manager Marco van Basten. They were eliminated in the second round after losing 1–0 to Portugal. The match produced 16 yellow cards, matching the World Cup record for most cautions in one game set in 2002, and set a new World Cup record of four red cards, two per side; it was nicknamed "the Battle of Nuremberg" by the press. Despite criticism surrounding his selection policy and the lack of attacking football from his team, Van Basten was offered a two-year extension to his contract by the KNVB. This allowed him to serve as national coach during Euro 2008 and the 2010 World Cup. The Netherlands qualified for Euro 2008, where they were drawn in the "Group of Death", together with France, Italy and Romania. They began with a 3–0 win over world champions Italy in Bern, their first victory over the Italians since 1978. They then beat France by 4–1 to qualify for the second round, and went on winning the group on nine points after beating Romania 2–0 with (mainly) their reserve players. However, they then lost in the quarter-finals to Guus Hiddink's Russia 3–1, with Ruud van Nistelrooy scoring an 86th-minute equaliser to force extra time, where the Russians scored twice through Andrey Arshavin. Following the tournament, Van Basten resigned having accepted the role at Ajax. |
Netherlands national football team | The Netherlands qualified for UEFA Euro 2020, however following the qualification, Ronald Koeman resigned from the team to coach FC Barcelona, eventually to be succeeded by Frank de Boer. With the coronavirus pandemic postponing Euro 2020 to 2021, the Netherlands played their group matches at home at the Johan Cruijff Arena in Amsterdam, beating Ukraine 3–2, Austria 2–0 and North Macedonia 3–0. However, the tournament ended in disappointment for the Netherlands once more, as they were beaten 2–0 by the Czech Republic in their round of 16 tie in Budapest, after a Matthijs de Ligt red card. Two days later, De Boer left his position. He was replaced by Louis van Gaal, who came out of retirement to return for a third spell in charge of the side. On 16 November 2021, the Netherlands qualified for the 2022 World Cup after beating Norway 2–0 and topping their qualification group on the final day. In the 2022 World Cup, the Netherlands topped their group with 7 points. They progressed to the quarter-finals where they eventually lost to Argentina on penalties. |
IWRG Caravana de Campeones | IWRG has nine championships that they actively promote, including the IWRG Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship, the IWRG Intercontinental Lightweight Championship, the IWRG Intercontinental Middleweight Championship, the IWRG Intercontinental Tag Team Championship, the IWRG Intercontinental Trios Championship, the IWRG Intercontinental Welterweight Championship, the IWRG Junior de Juniors Championship, the IWRG Rey del Ring Championship and the Distrito Federal Trios Championship. Due to the volume of championships, no show has featured every single active championship being "defended" at one show, but all active IWRG championships have been challenged on at least one Caravana de Campeones. The IWRG Intercontinental Lightweight Championship was first introduced at the 2008 Caravana de Campeones show, with IWRG holding a tournament on the show. The first of the 2012 Caravana de Campeones show featured a tournament for the vacant IWRG Intercontinental Middleweight Championship. IWRG has also promoted a championship match for the WWS World Welterweight Championship and the AIWA Argentinian National Cruiserweight Championship at the 2015 Caravana de Campeones show. The IWRG Lightweight Championship has been shown at eight out of the nine shows, making it the most often contested for championship of the Caravana de Campeones series. |
IWRG Caravana de Campeones | As of the 2015 Caravana de Campeones show a total of ninety wrestlers have appeared on the nine shows IWRG has held over the years. 86 wrestlers were male and only 4 were female, with only a single women's wrestling match being held at the 2011 Caravana de Campeones show. Four men have competed in six shows, or 66.6% of all Caravana de Campeones shows; Oficial 911, Oficial AK-47, Trauma I and Trauma II while Dr. Cerebro and Oficial Fierro have competed in five. Canis Lupus has worked two Cavarana de Campeones shows under the "Canis Lupus" mask and previously worked both the 2009 and 2011 Caravana de Campeones shows under the name "Comando Negro". IWRG has held a total of 55 matches spread out over the nine shows, with the April 2012 show having the most matches, 12, due to the IWRG Intercontinental Middleweight Championship tournament being part of the show. Of the remaining eight shows three has had six matches and five have had five matches on the show. Only 7 out of the 55 matches, or 12%, were non-title matches. All championship matches were contested under Best two-out-of-three falls rules and none of the matches were specialty matches such as a steel cage match or a no disqualification rules. |
IWRG Caravana de Campeones | The April 2013, November 2013 and 2014 Caravana de Campeones saw all championships retained, while the remaining shows saw at least one championship changing hands. The 2014 Caravana de Campeones show featured only three championship matches, the least of any show. In 2008 the lightweight and the welterweight championships changed hands. On the 2009 show Zatura won the IWRG Intercontinental Lightweight Championship from Tetsuya Bushi. In 2011 Comando Negro defeated Dr. Cerebro to win the same IWRG Intercontinental Lightweight Championship, while both the tag team and the trios championships were kept. In April 2012 the WWS World Welterweight Championship was kept on the Caravana de Campeones show, the first non-IWRG championship to be defended during the series. During the second Caravana de Campeones show in 2012 Golden Magic defeated Eterno to win the WWS World Welterweight Championship while El Hijo de Pirata Morgan defeated Oficial Factor to win the IWRG Rey del Ring Championship. On the 2015 version of the Caravana de Campeones show Máscara Año 2000 Jr. defeated El Hijo de Dos Caras to win the IWRG Heavyweight Championship. |
11th Rifle Division (Soviet Union) | The division joined the 5th Army of the Southern Front in October and fought in defensive battles against the Don Army in the area of Novokhopyorsk and Borisoglebsk until December. By an order of the Southern Front on 21 January 1919, the division was merged with elements of the 11th (the former 1st) Nizhny Novgorod Rifle Division to become the Consolidated Rifle Division. Briefly transferred to the 9th Army in January 1919, the 11th was relocated to the Western Front in February, where it was redesignated as the 11th Rifle Division on 1 March. The 11th fought against Estonian troops and the forces of Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz in the area of Marienburg in April, serving as the headquarters of the Marienburg Group of Forces. In May the division became part of the Army of Soviet Latvia, which was redesignated as the 15th Army on 9 June. The division was renamed the 11th Petrograd Rifle Division on 7 August 1919. During that month it fought in the defense of Petrograd and the offensive against the Northwestern Army in the Pskov area, then on the Luga–Gdov, Yamburg, Narva, and Dvinsk–Rezhitsa sectors between October and December and January and February 1920. |
Pasta al forno | For the preparation of this dish various types of short and medium cut pasta, such as rigatoni, penne, tortiglioni, ziti and maccheroni are used. If the traditional preparation of Messina imposes the use of the typical maccheroncini, the tradition of Palermo requires the use of the typical format of anelli, which give the dish an appearance similar to a flan or timballo. The pasta, cooked very al dente (lit. 'to the tooth'; it will finish cooking in the oven), drained and well mixed with the sauce, is then distributed in layers in a slightly greased baking pan or dish (or on which has been distributed a very thin layer of sauce) and alternated with ingredients linked to local traditions. In order to obtain a good quality result, it is necessary to prepare a good sauce, more or less elaborated, but with simple steps and with good quality ingredients; also in this case there are many variations according to local traditions, but generally it is made of minced beef and/or pork, after having been sautéed together with a finely chopped onion, flavored with aromatic herbs, salt and pepper and sprinkled with good red wine, tomato sauce is added and simmered for half an hour in order to allow the sauce to acquire flavor and taste. |
We Are Chaos | Jennings said recording the album made him a more confident lead player, explaining that Manson frequently encouraged him to perform instrumentation he was not familiar with during recording sessions. As a result, he plays bass guitar, keyboards and lead guitar on most songs on the album, and also created all of the drum programming. He said several guitars were used to record We Are Chaos, but that the album predominantly features a black Gibson SG, given as a gift to him on his 20th birthday by his father Waylon Jennings. Other guitars used include a reconstructed 1963 white Gibson SG given to him by Dave Cobb, as well as Manson's own Airliner guitar, which Manson would also use to record various guitar parts. The primary amplifier used was a Gallien-Krueger 250 ML Series 2, as its dual-speaker system could record guitars in stereophonic sound. Jennings complimented the amplifier for its ability to modify guitar tones. A Fender Super Champ was used as a "cool alternative", with Jennings saying: "That thing is magical. You can dial in Jimmy Page or you can dial in the Beatles, or fucking Eric Clapton if you want". Various instruments were processed using an Eventide H910 Harmonizer. Although Jennings said he preferred the Eventide H-10, Manson insisted on using the older H910 model, saying: "This is the David Bowie sound!" |
We Are Chaos | We Are Chaos was written entirely by Manson and Jennings, and was described by reviewers as a post-punk, rock, gothic rock, industrial rock, and glam rock album. Jennings their method of composing developed as work on the album progressed. The pair initially wrote material separately; Jennings said that during the initial writing sessions he created musical ideas to present to Manson, and the pair then evolved those ideas into songs. According to Jennings, their style of writing eventually developed to a process where they would "just start from scratch in a room. We'd start with a drum beat, or listen to a song that we liked, and the kind of guitar tone that was going on, and then emulate what was going on with that." David Bowie was a primary influence on the album's composition, specifically the material contained on Bowie's box set A New Career in a New Town . Manson gave a copy of that box set to Jennings as a gift early in the album's recording, and the pair frequently listened to it together. During one session, Manson divulged that "Ashes to Ashes" – from Bowie's 1980 album Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) – was the song that inspired him to become a musician; Jennings said he was inspired to become a musician and learned to play guitar by listening to Antichrist Superstar. |
We Are Chaos | Manson initially said the lyrics on the album were autobiographical, and that he considered self-titling the record as a result. This was later revised, however, and he described We Are Chaos as a concept album. The record purposefully includes ten songs, with the explicit intention of listeners being able to experience the album as if it were a traditional LP, with Manson noting the mood and tone of the record changes drastically after the fifth track. He said: "I wanted it to be like any movie or any great book or any painting or any poem, that it becomes part of the listener's experience, not just mine", noting this was what he apprised when listening to Bowie's Diamond Dogs, Alice Cooper's Welcome to My Nightmare and Pink Floyd's The Wall as a teenager, elaborating those albums made a listener "feel like you're a part of something bigger that you can insert yourself into. And I think escapism is an important thing to have now." He went on to say: "Hopefully, interpret it in a way that maybe I didn't even realize." Of the overall concept, he said he hoped listeners would be aware of the presence of a singular story arc, but encouraged people to discover their own story when listening to the album. He said he asked numerous people for their interpretation of the album's content, specifically whether they believed it concluded with a happy, sad or tragic ending. |
We Are Chaos | "Don't Chase the Dead" is a post-punk song, and was the first track recorded for the album. Jennings said it was originally written on a Gibson Hummingbird as an acoustic song, but became predominantly electric during recording. The majority of the track was recorded by Manson, Jennings and drummer Jamie Douglass in five hours. The shoegaze-influenced "Paint You with My Love" opens with Manson singing in falsetto tones. Manson said he was asked who sang the intro upon playing the song to the band's former longtime bassist Twiggy Ramirez, claiming the bassist did not recognize his voice in that key. The Arts Desk described it as the prettiest song on the album, comparing the song to T-Rex and Manson's vocals to Bauhaus. Along with the album opener, guitars on the song were recorded using the chorus button of the GK250 amplifier. Jennings described them as "kinda getting that dirty… It sounds like 'Ziggy Stardust' guitar. That amp can really morph sounds well. It can change just depending on how you adjust the knobs." |
We Are Chaos | The title of the sixth song on the album, "Infinite Darkness", is also the title of the self-portrait featured on the album cover. After Manson created the painting, he and Jennings began work on the similarly titled song, with the vocalist saying this was the point when the album "really developed into something". Classic Rock said it was the sole track on We Are Chaos that could be described as industrial goth, which they said was the genre that Manson "built his empire on." AllMusic said the song contained "suitably buzzing riffs, cacophonous percussion, and a feral vocal performance", and that both it and the album's next track, "Perfume", were two of the record's most "classic-sounding moments." Other reviewers noted the two songs contained apparent lyrical references to the Me Too movement. NME highlighted the "Infinite Darkness" lyric "Just 'cause you're famous doesn't mean you're worth anything/ In this world or the next one or the one before", while The Independent said "Perfume" saw him hammering the "21st-century cult of celebrity victimhood" with the lyric "'Cause victim is chic/ You're as famous as your pain". |
We Are Chaos | NME described "Solve Coagula" as an arena rock song, with The Independent saying that on the track Manson "offers the surprisingly graceful acceptance of 'I'm not special/ I'm just broken/ And I don't wanna be fixed.'" Consequence of Sound called the song a gem, elaborating that "the drums, guitars and keyboard of the chorus swell together creating an emotional riptide that pulls the listener along with it. The guitar work recalls Pink Floyd's David Gilmour and the keyboards are reminiscent of something off of Mechanical Animals, if it had a little more time to mature." Similarly, AllMusic said the "mirrored pair" of "Half-Way & One Step Forward" and "Broken Needle" end up sounding like "unearthed treasures from the glam rock Mechanical Animals era." Inked commented that Manson and Jennings's shared love of rock music from the 1970s is exemplified with this track, and Hot Press called it one of "the most exciting songs he's made in years". Vinyl editions of the album end in a locked groove, in which a two-second section of the outro to "Broken Needle" endlessly repeats itself. |
We Are Chaos | We Are Chaos was originally scheduled to be released in February or March 2020, but this was rescheduled after the cancellation of the band's appearance as the opening act on Ozzy Osbourne's No More Tours II series, a North American arena tour set to begin in May 2020. The tour was cancelled when Osbourne was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The title track was issued as the lead single from the record on July 29, 2020. A music video for the song was released the same day, which was directed, photographed and edited by Matt Mahurin while in quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic. "We Are Chaos" peaked at number eight on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Chart, the band's third top ten hit there. In an interview published on September 8, Manson said he intended to shoot a music video for "Don't Chase the Dead", but said this may not be possible due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, the song was released as the second single from the album on September 10, a day before the album's release. |
We Are Chaos | Several publications praised the quality of songwriting and production on We Are Chaos, including NME, which complimented Manson's lyricism for focusing less on spectacle and more on craft, and praised Jennings's production for introducing a wide variety of styles to the album. Similarly, AllMusic commended the focus on song-craft, saying this was the key to the band's later-career rejuvenation, elaborating: "As the years of shock tactics and theatrics fade into memory, Manson's left with just the music, aging as gracefully as he can with another expertly crafted offering for the altar." Hot Press said the record contained some of the most exciting songs the band had recorded in years, while Kerrang! said it continued their creative resurgence, complimenting the "razor-sharp" lyricism and saying the production evoked a "sense of stateliness at times" and a "sleazy rock club stench at others". Metal Hammer praised the lyrics for being more emotionally vulnerable than Manson had ever been previously. Classic Rock noted the absence of intentionally provocative lyrics on We Are Chaos, saying that instead it found Manson reflecting "the terrors that are already out there" before summarizing: "It's good to have the king of modern mischief back to cast a milky eye over the mess we've got ourselves into." |
We Are Chaos | Other writers commented on the musical diversity found on the album. Consequence of Sound said the production, musicianship and songwriting on the record were among the best of the band's entire discography, and that the musical variation on the record was intriguing. A staff writer for Sputnikmusic described the level of variety as "supreme" and said the record uncovers an adroit chapter in the band's career. They complimented it for mixing elements from their older work with new influences, and said this shift in tone was comparable to the inclusion of blues rock on The Pale Emperor. They went on to describe the album as "a staggering statement that manages to overthrow the greatness of even The Pale Emperor." The Arts Desk said that as a result of the musical variation, the album was "more tuneful and affecting than anything else" the band had ever released. musicOMH said the tracks on the album are "stronger, tougher and better than they have any right to be", calling the album "stunning" and dubbing it the band's "most complete artistic statement" since Holy Wood. |
We Are Chaos | The album received some mixed reviews as well. In a brief review, Rolling Stone said the songs on the album were not memorable. Mojo said the best songs on the record were the tracks where Manson "actually emotes", and summarized: "Manson's Iggyesque croak begs for the pared-to-the-essence Rick Rubin treatment; We Are Chaos isn't that record, but it's a step in that direction." Although The Independent complimented the quality of musicianship and variety found on the album, saying it "spans everything from Satanism to angry Enya", their writer simultaneously lauded and criticized the lyrics for both critiquing the MeToo movement and for lyrical content they perceived as misogynistic. Our Culture Mag echoed this sentiment, saying the most entertaining albums in the band's discography were those which "acknowledge the misanthropy and nihilism" were "a guise played up for dramatic effect". They said the album "works best when it acts as a dark mirror to society", but that it was sonically inferior to its predecessor. |
We Are Chaos | Industry forecasters predicted the record was on course to debut in the United States with pure album sales of between 20,000 and 22,000 copies, with an additional 2,000 to 5,000 units as a result of streaming and album-equivalent units. It went on to debut as the highest-selling album of the week based on pure sales. Despite this, it entered in the lower portion of the top ten of the Billboard 200, primarily as a result of a lack of streaming activity. The record debuted at number eight on the Billboard 200 with 31,000 album-equivalent units in its first week, becoming Manson's tenth top ten album. The recorded units included 28,000 traditional album sales, 3,000 streaming-equivalent units (or 4 million on-demand streams of album tracks), and less than 1,000 track-equivalent units (sales of individual tracks). It also debuted atop Top Rock Albums, making it their first number one on that chart, and was their fifth consecutive number one on Top Hard Rock Albums; only three other acts have more number ones on the latter chart—Five Finger Death Punch, Linkin Park and Pearl Jam, who each peaked at the summit six times. The album sold an additional 6,775 traditional copies on its second week in the US, and 4,125 traditional copies the following week. As of February 2021, by which point Manson was dropped by Loma Vista following abuse allegations made against him by former girlfriend Evan Rachel Wood, the album had sold 69,000 copies in the United States. We Are Chaos had the highest pure album sales total of the week in Canada, debuting at number eight. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | The only match in the preliminary round, played on 10 June 1928 at 13:30 CEST, was attended by a couple of thousands on the home field of B 1901 in Nykøbing Falster. It was reportedly described as hard played, exiting to the end and with the result of the match ending in a narrow victory of the score 3–2 to Skovshoved IF, who were playing in a blue kit. Skovshoved IF's center forward Svend Strømann scored the first goal after 25 minutes of play, which became the only goal in the first half. The 1–0 lead for the away team was equalized in the 10th minute in the second half with a goal by Holger Brodthagen, after which a colleague, Svend Aage Eriksen, scored another goal for B 1901 in the 26th minute of the second half, giving the home team a 2–1 lead. Only two minutes later Strømann scored his second goal in the match and Skovhoved IF's left inner winger Axel Guhle scored the third goal in the 42nd minutes of the second half, securing the victory for the Zealandians. A regional newspaper, Lolland-Falster Social-Demokrat (Nakskov), praised the young Skovshoved IF halfback, Hans Møller, as the best player on the football field, and highlighted his efforts of keeping B 1901's forward Svend Aage Eriksen in check during the match. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | The two provincial semi-finals were played between the representative club champions of Zealand FA and Bornholm FA in one match and the club champions of Jutland FA and Funen FA in the other match. Both IK Viking and Aalborg BK had received byes from the preliminary round and did not enter the tournament until the semi-finals — this was only the second time in the competition's history , that a team from Bornholm FA played in the semi-finals. Prior to Skovshoved IF's next semi-final match, the club's administration arranged a training match at their home ground in Skovshoved on 14 June 1928 against the first team of Akademisk BK in preparation for the semi-final match — the unofficial evening match won 3–1 by the academics of Copenhagen. Prior to the match, the newspapers predicted, that the IK Viking team would not get many chances for a victory. The line-up for IK Viking, that was going to travel overseas from Bornholm, was assembled after an evening match on 14 June 1928 between the first and second (reserves) team, that ended in an 8–0 victory, and consisted of the following players (listed goalkeeper to left wing): Vilhelm Reker, Harry Pedersen, H. P. Hansen, Niels Mortensen, Arthur Aakerlund, Harald Mortensen, Knud Hansen, Knud Christiansen, Charles Olsen, Carlo Christiansen and Carl Mortensen, while the reserve player was Edm. Larsen and the team's leader was Jens P. Pedersen. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | The semi-final match between Skovshoved IF and IK Viking took place at Skovshoved Idrætspark on 17 June 1928 13:30 CEST in front of approximately 300 spectators and the Danish FA had assigned the well known former goalkeeper on the national football team, Sophus Hansen (affiliated with BK Frem), to be the referee at the game. Skovshoved IF's forwards had several engaging attacks in the first 30 minutes of the game, but they were all either saved by the Rønne-goalkeeper Vilhelm Reker or the attackers were lacking shooting skills, while the IK Viking's players on the other hand could not get their game and the passes to function effectively. In the last 15 minutes of the first half, the Vikings regained the upper hand and eventually got a 1–0 lead, after Charles Olsen scored the team's only goal with a one-man performance five minutes before the referee whistled for the half time break. A local newspaper from northern Zealand concluded, that away-team's positive activities were due to the strong tailwind that the visiting players had towards the home-team's goal post — an advantage that had been decided at the beginning of the match by a drawing of lots. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | As a consequence of the strong winds IK Viking Rønne was able to compete on equal terms against the much stronger Skovshoved IF-players, which was emphasized during the second half. After a few minutes, SIF scored the first goal, greatly assisted by IK Viking's Niels Mortensen, whereafter they progressed in gaining the upper hand for the remaining part of the match, and were quite dominant in the last 15 minutes — a local newspaper, based on Bornholm, referred this to insufficient training on the Rønne-players' part. The Rønne-team's Charles Olsen and Karl Mortensen had some great opportunities for scoring goals, but both failed to accomplish the objective. During the second half, the home team's centerforward, Svend Strømann, scored four goals — between 2 and 3 goals using his head — while the team's right winger Ernst Sørensen and the team captain, Helmuth Thomas, each scored one goal — contributing to Skovshoved IF's victory of 6–1. According to the local Bornholm newspaper, players on both teams hailed the IK Viking goalkeeper, Vilhelm Reker, as the best player on the field. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | The inaugural match in the newly refounded Provincial Football Championship was played on 3 June 1928 on a neutral football field in Randers in front of approximately 2,000 spectators, which took place two weeks after the league final in the JBUs Mesterskabsrække and over a month had passed after the final round of regular league fixtures had been played in the FBUs Mesterskabsrække. To the match, B 1913's line-up consisted of Frederik Johansen, Poul Espe, Richard Rasmussen, Harry Christensen, Børge Jensen (forward), Chr. Larsen, Martin Petersen, Knud Lindegaard, Albert Fischer (forward), Carl Hansen and Kaj Seeback, while the line-up for Aalborg BK consisted of goalkeeper Folmer Olesen, defenders Harry Jensen and Dalhoff Jørgensen (Captain), midfielders Harald Christensen, Ejner Hansen and Egon Thon and forwards Børge Lunde, Axel Villadsen, Søren Andersen, Kaj Mølback and Aage Nielsen. The Jutlandian championship club, Aalborg BK, won the semi-final match 3-2 after having obtained a lead of 3-0 after 60 minutes of play in the second half — all Alborg BK goals in the victory were scored by center forward Søren Andersen — before the Odense team was able to get in two goals. Originally scheduled to be played at Aarhus Stadium, only a few days before the first semi-final match, it was moved to Randers Stadium due to the stadium being occupied by other activities; and Peder Remtoft (Copenhagen) was assigned as referee to the match. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | The final of the Provinsmesterskabsturneringen was played between the representative club champions of Zealand FA, who were the defending provincial champions from the previous season, and Jutland FA, who secured their participation in this tournament by winning the combined regional league championship for both north and south Jutland, and in the same season also secured the regional cup title in the JBUs Pokalturnering. The last game in the tournament was originally scheduled to take place in Odense, but negotiations initiated by the Jutland FA tried to get the match moved to Aarhus Stadium due to expectations that several more spectators would attend the match. However, Skovshoved IF had no interest in playing in Aarhus, but on the other hand would like to play the match in Aalborg, and on 19 June the Jutland FA unexpectedly announced to Aalborg BK that Skovshoved IF had agreed to play the final at Aalborg Stadium on 24 June 1928 at 14:00 CEST and be refereed by Cand.jur. Otto Remke (affiliated with Akademisk BK). This would be the first time, that an important national or provincial final match was played as far north as Aalborg — these kind of final matches had in the previous years basically only been held in Copenhagen, Odense, Nykøbing Falster and Aarhus. The Skovshoved IF players arrived in Aalborg on the morning of the match day. Skovshoved IF played in blue shirts and black shorts/socks, while the Aalborg BK team played in their usual red and white football kit and with the entire team line-up used in the regional league championship. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | Before the match, both teams announced that they would be fielding their best players. This would be Skovshoved IF's 12th competitive match in 1928, having scored 39 times and only conceding 6 goals prior to the game. Aalborg BK, who had the home field advantage, won both halves of the match with the score of 4–1, but the game quickly lacked any spark of excitement. Very early in the match, the Jutlanders obtained a lead, when the forward Kaj Mølback scored a goal, but a few moments Skovshoved IF's Axel Guhle equalized for the Zealanders — after 3 minutes of play, the score was 1–1. For the remaining part of the first half, the Aalborg players took control of the match, increasing the score with two goals from the forwards Søren Andersen (in the 10' and 23' minute) and an additional goal by Kaj Mølback in the 30' minute. After the break, the control of the match continued, when Søren Andersen (48' and 63'), Kaj Mølback (75') and Alex Villadsen (77') further increased the lead to 8–1. It was not until the last minutes of the match, that Skovserne managed to get another in; scored by Svend Strømann. |
1928 Provinsmesterskabsturneringen | The match has been described as the probably the best game played by the club due to winning the match in a convincing manner, while the local newspaper Aalborg Stiftstidende criticised the performance of the away team, Skovshoved IF, as being nothing better than some random village team although the club was located in the suburbs of Copenhagen in an era of the dominating clubs from Copenhagen FA. The "home" team was praised for the players' organisation on the field, the players knew their tasks in the formation, the ball was transferred smoothly from player to player, and the forwards unexploited their options during the match. The "away" team had a very different playing style, shooting long balls to the players in front, and then relied on individual efforts. At the same time as Aalborg BK's inner wing, Kaj Mølback, scored his team's seventh goal in the 75th minute, giving the team a 7–1 lead, a violent guest of wind caught the very large Dannebrog and the stadium's flagpole broke, falling to the ground with a bang, but not injuring any spectators nearby. |
Arizona v. United States | The majority upheld Section 2 but did so by reading it in a more restrictive manner. The provisions at issue required Arizona officers to make a "reasonable attempt" to determine the immigration status of any person stopped, detained, or arrested on a legitimate basis if "reasonable suspicion" existed that the person is an alien and is unlawfully present in the United States. Additionally, any arrestee's immigration status would have to have been determined before they could be released. Status checks would have been made through Immigration and Customs Enforcement and their databases. Listing several examples, Justice Kennedy wrote that Section 2(B) "likely would survive preemption" if it is interpreted to require only state officers to conduct a status check "during the course of an authorized, lawful detention or after a detainee has been released." Underlining the cautious approach that the majority took to Section 2(B) were Justice Kennedy's final words on the section: "This opinion does not foreclose other preemption and constitutional challenges to the law as interpreted and applied after it goes into effect." |
Circular motion | Because the radius of the circle is constant, the radial component of the velocity is zero. The unit vector u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} has a time-invariant magnitude of unity, so as time varies its tip always lies on a circle of unit radius, with an angle θ the same as the angle of r ( t ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} (t)} . If the particle displacement rotates through an angle dθ in time dt, so does u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} , describing an arc on the unit circle of magnitude dθ. See the unit circle at the left of Figure 4. Hence: d u ^ R d t = d θ d t u ^ θ ( t ) , {\displaystyle {\frac {d{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}}{dt}}={\frac {d\theta }{dt}}{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)\,,} where the direction of the change must be perpendicular to u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} (or, in other words, along u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} ) because any change d u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle d{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} in the direction of u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} would change the size of u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} . The sign is positive because an increase in dθ implies the object and u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} have moved in the direction of u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} . Hence the velocity becomes: v ( t ) = d d t r ( t ) = R d u ^ R d t = R d θ d t u ^ θ ( t ) = R ω u ^ θ ( t ) . {\displaystyle \mathbf {v} (t)={\frac {d}{dt}}\mathbf {r} (t)=R{\frac {d{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}}{dt}}=R{\frac {d\theta }{dt}}{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)=R\omega {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)\,.} |
Circular motion | The time derivative of u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} is found the same way as for u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} . Again, u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} is a unit vector and its tip traces a unit circle with an angle that is π/2 + θ. Hence, an increase in angle dθ by r ( t ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} (t)} implies u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} traces an arc of magnitude dθ, and as u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} is orthogonal to u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} , we have: d u ^ θ d t = − d θ d t u ^ R ( t ) = − ω u ^ R ( t ) , {\displaystyle {\frac {d{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }}{dt}}=-{\frac {d\theta }{dt}}{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)=-\omega {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)\,,} where a negative sign is necessary to keep u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} orthogonal to u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} . (Otherwise, the angle between u ^ θ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)} and u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} would decrease with an increase in dθ.) See the unit circle at the left of Figure 4. Consequently, the acceleration is: a ( t ) = R ( d ω d t u ^ θ ( t ) + ω d u ^ θ d t ) = R d ω d t u ^ θ ( t ) − ω 2 R u ^ R ( t ) . {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\mathbf {a} (t)&=R\left({\frac {d\omega }{dt}}{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)+\omega {\frac {d{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }}{dt}}\right)\\&=R{\frac {d\omega }{dt}}{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{\theta }(t)-\omega ^{2}R{\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)\,.\end{aligned}}} |
Circular motion | In a non-uniform circular motion, normal force and weight may point in the same direction. Both forces can point down, yet the object will remain in a circular path without falling straight down. First, let's see why normal force can point down in the first place. In the first diagram, let's say the object is a person sitting inside a plane, the two forces point down only when it reaches the top of the circle. The reason for this is that the normal force is the sum of the tangential force and centripetal force. The tangential force is zero at the top (as no work is performed when the motion is perpendicular to the direction of force applied. Here weight force is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the object at the top of the circle) and centripetal force points down, thus normal force will point down as well. From a logical standpoint, a person who is travelling in the plane will be upside down at the top of the circle. At that moment, the person's seat is actually pushing down on the person, which is the normal force. |
Methodius Stratiev | At the end of July 1943, Father Methodius returned to Bulgaria. Became rector of the Ecclesiastical Saint Joseph college and taught French literature in Saint Augustine college in Plovdiv. Develops active journalistic work in the Bulgarian Catholic press. On 18 May 1946 he was moved by the bishop to St. Cyril and Methodius parish in Yambol, where he became parish priest. However, it is trusted of the pension of the Augustino-Assumptionist Fathers Fathers in the city to him. On 11 July 1952, after the evening, Divine Liturgy invaded Yambol church militia and civilian agents of State Security and arrested Father Methodius. With handcuffed and tied his eyes, he was taken immediately to Sofia. After days of beatings, daily interrogations, bunker, physical torture and psychological harassment, the judicial farce, played by the People's Court from 29 September to 3 October 1952 Father Methodius Stratiev was sentenced to 14 years imprisonment and total confiscation of property. Jail in Pleven, Belene camp, Pazardzhik Prison, careers and Ognyanovo Samovodenskata quarry. In his work, Father Methodius reduced his sentence from 14 to 11 years and was released in 1963. On 28 April 1963 he was nominated for bishop coadjutor of Exarchate of Sofia and Titular Bishop of Diocletianopolis in Thracia. |
FM Records LLC | During September 2011, FM Records recorded the single "How About I Be Me" with rock star Sinéad O'Connor, in an effort to create a more commercial reggae sound. Since the release of "How About I Be Me," and its subsequent radio airplay, FM Records made a transition toward recording pop singers on reggae riddims, employing a greater proportion of uplifting, radio-friendly lyrics and commercial production techniques. In 2013, FM Records released pop-reggae music from a collection of American, Canadian and European pop stars, including Musiq Soulchild, Syleena Johnson, Sinéad O'Connor, Divine Brown, Elaine Shepherd, Dru and Jesse Giddings. FM Records is the executive producer of Musiq Soulchild and Syleena Johnson's full-length reggae LP, titled "9INE," which debuted at number one on the Billboard Reggae Albums Chart during the week of 12 October 2013. The 9INE LP was released 24 September 2013 by Shanachie Records. The Atlanta recording sessions for the "9INE" LP were featured on the TV One reality series, "R&B Divas," in which A&R / Producer For FM Records Music LLC appeared in two episodes. The first single from the 9INE LP, titled "Feel the Fire," was premiered on Billboard.com 15 May 2013, and was officially released 16 July 2013 on iTunes. The song entered the Top 100 on the iTunes R&B/Soul Singles Chart during the last week of July 2013. |
Cathedral of Saint Andrew, Patras | Relics of the apostle Saint Andrew are stored in the church. They consist of the small finger, part of the top of the cranium of the Apostle, and small portions of the cross on which he was martyred, all kept in a special shrine. The holy skull of the Apostle was sent there from St. Peter's Basilica, Rome in September 1964, on the orders of Pope Paul VI. Cardinal Bea led the party of 15 cardinals that presented the relic to Bishop Constantine of Patras on 24 September 1964. Thousands of people (among them prime minister Georgios Papandreou) and many Greek Orthodox bishops participated in the reception ceremony of the skull. After a procession through the streets of the city, the skull was placed in a special silver miter inside the church. The cross of St. Andrew was taken from Greece during the Crusades by the Duke of Burgundy. Parts of the cross were kept since Middle Ages in the church of St. Victor in Marseilles. They were returned to Patras on 19 January 1980. The cross of the apostle was presented to the Bishop of Patras Nicodemus by the Roman Catholic delegation led by Cardinal Roger Etchegaray. |
Lease and release | Lease and release was: "a species of conveyance, invented by Serjeant Moore, soon after the enactment of the statute of uses. It is thus contrived; a lease, in fact being a bargain and sale upon some pecuniary consideration for one year, is made by a tenant of the whole freehold to the lessee who is in fact the bargainee (buyer). This, without any enrollment, makes the bargainor stand seised to the use of the bargainee, and vests in the bargainee the use of the term for one year, and then the statute immediately annexes the possession. Being thus in possession, he is capable of receiving a release of the freehold and reversion, made to this tenant (bargainee) in possession; and, accordingly, the next day a release is granted to him." This cites the New York common law treatise that "lease and release was the usual mode of conveyance in England (until) 1841 ... and in New York until 1788...." The original benefactor was Lord Norris, "to avoid the unpleasant notoriety of a livery or attornment." |
Lease and release | The lease and release was: "developed as another strategy to avoid public transfer of seisin, in response to the limitations imposed by the Statute of Enrolments. Since uses (future leases in land) had been limited by the Statute of Uses (and remain subject to disincentives in many jurisdictions), another instrument had to be found. That instrument was the lease for a year (lease for possession) followed on the following day by a release of the property, thus avoiding livery of seisin. The instrument thus consists of two parts: (i) a lease for one year on one day; (ii) a release on the following day. In the lease for a year, the consideration was nominal (usually 5s.) and the term of the lease one year. The release was executed the day after the lease, releasing the property to the 'lessee' in perpetuity; the full purchase price (consideration) is recited in the release; the release recites the lease of the previous day; the release is executed 'according to the statute for converting uses into possession' (the Statute of Uses)." |
Waste in the United States | Waste may be defined differently in legislation and regulations of the federal government or individual states. Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations dealing with protection of the environment contains at least four different definitions of waste at sections 60.111b, 61.341, 191.12 and 704.83. Definitions may apply broadly to solid, liquid, and gaseous forms or may be specific to one or a subset identified by a threshold characteristic such as toxicity or radioactivity. Discarding, discharge, or disposal (as opposed to sales) is often a requirement for identification as waste, although stored or recycled material may be included within some definitions; and those definitions may reduce recycling options. Comparative quantification of waste may be difficult if the waste material is intentionally diluted in a handling or disposal process (such as diluting sanitary waste with clean water in the process of flushing a toilet.) Dilution may remove a material from a definition of waste by reducing concentrations below a defined toxicity or radioactivity threshold. |
Waste in the United States | Electronic waste has become serious issue for the environmental stability in the United States. Over the years, the government has become increasingly more involved in this issue. As described in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery report of 2009, after the electronic products are purchased and used, they are separated into two groups. One group of electronics is collected for recycling, while the other is disposal. After this, the products that are disposal mainly are put into landfills, and the rest of electronics that were collected for recycling are either refurbished, reused, or used for material. Hans Tammemagi, the author of The Waste Crisis, talks about the detrimental effect the waste has on the environment. Nearly 20% of all waste in the United States is being incinerated, while the rest of it is being put into landfills. That leaves almost 80% of the waste consumed in the United States being placed into landfills. Out of this 80% of the waste, the majority of this waste is primarily electronic. |
Waste in the United States | From fluorescent light bulbs to common household batteries, every piece of electronic waste that is found in landfills contains some kind of metal. One of the most commonly used metals in electronic waste is lead. Lead is found in most batteries, in the form of lead-acid, and it is also found in CRTs (cathode ray tube). These tubes are primarily used in television screens, as well as computer monitors. Since so many televisions, computer monitors, and batteries are place into landfills that means that most landfills have a large amount of lead in them, which is dangerous to the local environment. This is because the lead, like most hazardous materials that are in landfills, can be absorbed into the soil and ground water. Being exposed to a high level of lead can cause various health issues such as blood and brain disorders, comas, and in serious cases even death. Lead is not the only hazardous metal in U.S. landfills. For example, mercury, beryllium, and chromium are just some of the other metals that are in our landfills that are extremely hazardous to the environment, as well as to human health. |
Waste in the United States | After being shipped overseas to China, the electronic waste is then stripped of parts in small Chinese workshops. Because so much of electronic waste has very hazardous material, especially dangerous metals, this creates a hazardous work environment for the people who work on stripping the electronics for spare parts. China does not have strict environmental regulations, so the electronic waste imported from America, which is not stripped for spare parts, ends up in large dumps in communal areas. This creates a very hazardous living environment for people who live near these dumps. There have been several different cases were people, primarily children, become very sick, or even die because of the exposure to all the hazardous material found in the waste dumps in China. A major reason that the United States trades the majority of their electronic waste to other countries to harvest raw materials is due to environmental issues. The book, Electronic Waste: EPA Needs to Better Control Harmful U. S. Exports through Stronger Enforcement and More Comprehensive Regulation, by John B. Stephenson, discusses the environmental and economic aspects of electronic waste in the United States. Throughout the last few years, the U. S. Government has recognized the environmental issue that landfills create, and has been creating bans on U.S. landfill. Although this may create more environmental stability in the United States, it has become a major environmental and health issue in the countries to which the electronic waste is being shipped. |
Steve Wilson (reporter) | When their contracts were not renewed, Wilson and Akre filed a lawsuit concerning WTVT's "news distortion" under Florida's whistleblower laws, claiming their termination was retaliation for "resisting WTVT's attempts to distort or suppress the BGH story." In a joint statement, Wilson claimed that he and Akre "were repeatedly ordered to go forward and broadcast demonstrably inaccurate and dishonest versions of the story," and "were given those instructions after some very high-level corporate lobbying by Monsanto (the powerful drug company that makes the hormone) and also ... by members of Florida's dairy and grocery industries." The trial commenced in summer 2000 with a jury dismissing all of the claims brought to trial by Wilson, but siding with one aspect of Akre's complaint, awarding Akre $425000 and agreeing that Akre was a whistleblower because she believed there were violations of the 1934 Federal Communications Act and that she planned on reporting WTVT to the Federal Communications Commission. Akre's argument in the trial was that they did not have to prove actual news distortion, but that they instead believed such distortion occurred. |
Matrilateral | Social anthropologists have underlined that even where a social group demonstrates a strong emphasis on one or other line of inheritance (matrilineal or patrilineal), relatives who fall outside this unilineal grouping will not simply be ignored. So, a strongly patrilineal orientation will be complemented by matrilateral ties with the mother's kin. Likewise within a strongly matrilineal organisation, patrilateral ties will enter the reckoning of relationships as an important balancing factor. This complementarity often has a moral or emotional tone to it: Malinowski's classic studies of the matrilineal Trobriand islanders showed that matrilineal ties were associated with discipline and authority, while patrilateral ties were characterised by nurturance and kindness (at least in principle). Likewise, in Chinua Achebe's novel Things Fall Apart, the hero, Okonkwo, is forced into exile from his own ancestral village to the village of his matrilateral kin who should, by rights, treat him with maternal fondness. |
Harry Lindblad | He was elected president of the Finnish Ice Hockey Association in 1957, and served in that role for 18 years until 1975. During this time, the national team placed fourth in the 1962 Ice Hockey World Championships which also determined the 1962 European Ice Hockey Championship. Finland completed the event as the second-best European team overall, earning the European silver medal. He was successful in having the 1965 World Ice Hockey Championships awarded by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) to Tampere, and served as chairman of its planning committee. The 1965 event was the first time Finland hosted the Ice Hockey World Championships. This led to an era of growth, with more indoor rinks being built in Finland. Finland later hosted the 1974 Ice Hockey World Championships, with Lindblad helping coordinate the event as well. Also in 1974, Finland won a silver medal at the 1974 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. In his last year as president, the Finnish Elite League was founded, which later became known as Liiga. |
Baron Auckland | Baron Auckland is a title in both the Peerage of Ireland and the Peerage of Great Britain. The first creation came in 1789 when the prominent politician and financial expert William Eden was made Baron Auckland in the Peerage of Ireland. In 1793, he was created Baron Auckland, of West Auckland in the County of Durham, in the Peerage of Great Britain. Eden notably served as Chief Secretary for Ireland, Ambassador to Spain, and President of the Board of Trade. His second son, the second Baron, was also a politician and served as Governor-General of India. In 1839 he was created Baron Eden, of Norwood in the County of Surrey, and Earl of Auckland, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. However, he never married, and the barony of Eden and the earldom became extinct on his death while he was succeeded in the baronies of Auckland by his younger brother, the third Baron. He was Bishop of both Sodor and Man and Bath and Wells. The titles descended from father to son until the death of the sixth Baron in 1941. He was succeeded by his cousin, the seventh Baron. He was the son of George Eden, third son of the fourth Baron. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the eighth Baron. As of 2013, the titles are held by the latter's grandson, the tenth Baron, who succeeded his father in 1997. |
Morris Robinson | A native of Atlanta, Georgia, he is the son of a Baptist minister; his interest in music started at an early age. He was a member of the Atlanta Boy Choir and attended the Northside School for the Performing Arts (now North Atlanta High School) where he excelled in both sports and music. In addition to playing on the football team, he was a member of the all-city band and all-state chorus as well as the first student in school history allowed to participate in both Chorus and Band. His desire to play college football resulted in accepting a scholarship to play for The Citadel in Charleston, South Carolina where he was a three-time 1-AA All American offensive lineman, graduating in 1991 with a bachelor's degree in English. He became famous as "The Singing Knob" for his impromptu serenades for fellow cadets and for his performance of "O Holy Night" at the annual Christmas candlelight concert. He also co-founded and sang in the school's gospel chorus. His talent was featured in Sports Illustrated and on CBS Sports College Football Today. In 1991 he was invited to sing the national anthem at the NBA All-Star Game in Charlotte, North Carolina. After graduation he accepted a position with the 3M company as a regional sales representative in the Washington D.C. area. En route to a sales conference in California he met his future wife Denise Wright, an airline flight attendant. He is a member of the Beta Mu chapter of Omega Psi Phi fraternity. |
Morris Robinson | While living in the Washington D.C. area, Robinson had occasionally sung at social events, in 1997 his wife Denise arranged a successful tryout with the Choral Arts Society of Washington. After moving to New Hampshire to accept a new job he enrolled in a continuing education course at the New England Conservatory of Music and performed in weekend productions. His singing attracted the attention of Associate Professor Sharon Daniels at the Boston University Opera Institute, who encouraged him to apply; he entered the program in 1999. That same year he made his operatic debut with the Boston Lyric Opera as the King of Egypt in Aida; subsequent engagements included The Marriage of Figaro, Madama Butterfly, Don Giovanni, Il trovatore and Salome. In 2001 he placed third in a New England region voice audition which led to his being invited to do a stage audition for Maestro James Levine, this resulted in his being one of only nine singers in the world accepted into the Lindemann Young Artist Development Program, sponsored by the Metropolitan Opera. His debut at The Met in 2002 was in a production of Fidelio, later productions have included The Magic Flute, Nabucco, Les Troyens and Tannhäuser. Numerous appearances with the Los Angeles Opera have included roles in Don Carlo, Rigoletto and Die Entführung aus dem Serail (The Abduction from the Seraglio). He has also performed with opera companies in St. Louis, Philadelphia, Seattle, Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, Dallas and Sydney, Australia. |
Morris Robinson | He has also performed regularly with the National Symphony Orchestra and the New York Philharmonic as well as with the symphony orchestras in Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Nashville, Fort Worth, Montreal, Los Angeles, San Francisco and São Paulo, Brazil. He has also appeared with the Los Angeles Philharmonic at the Hollywood Bowl and performed Verdi's Requiem with the City of London Sinfonia at Royal Albert Hall. He was the second person named as artist-in-residence for the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra and in 2017 was named an artistic advisor for the Cincinnati Opera. Additional appearances have included music festivals in Savannah, Georgia and Aspen, Colorado as well as at the Tanglewood Music Center and Ravinia Festival. He was the first black artist to sign a recording deal with a major classical label; his first album Going Home was released in 2007 by Decca Records. He has appeared on the NBC Today Show and been featured in interviews on NPR, the BBC and CSN International; he has been profiled in numerous major publications including USA Today, The Washington Post, the Los Angeles Times, the New York Times and The Sydney Morning Herald. In 2017 he was The Citadel's commencement speaker and recipient of an Honorary Doctorate; in 2019 he was named Resident Artist at Harvard University. |
Frank Klopas | In the summer of 1988, Klopas moved to Greece to transfer to AEK Athens. He played four seasons with the team winning 4 championships a Greek Super Cup and a Greek League Cup. However, he tore his anterior cruciate ligament in 1991. That injury and a subsequent infection hindered his playing for nearly two years. In 1992, Klopas signed a contract with the U.S. Soccer Federation to play full-time for the United States men's national soccer team. After the 1994 FIFA World Cup, Klopas returned to Greece and signed with Apollon Athens in 1994 for the remainder of the 1994–1995 season, as well as the 1995–1996 season. He debuted with Apollon against his former club, AEK. In 1996, Major League Soccer began developing teams for its inaugural season. In order to ensure an equitable distribution of talent to each team, MLS allocated known players to each team. MLS allocated Klopas to the Kansas City Wizards where he would spend two years. After being sent to the Columbus Crew just before the 1997 MLS Expansion Draft, he was traded in February 1998 to the Chicago Fire for Jason Farrell, who had been selected from the Crew. Klopas would play two years for Chicago before retiring, helping them to the MLS Cup in 1998 and the U.S. Open Cup to complete "The Double." In four years in MLS, Klopas scored 13 goals and added 16 assists. He had six goals and five assists in 40 games—24 starts—for the Fire, including both goals in a 2–0 win over the Tampa Bay Mutiny in the Fire's first ever game at Soldier Field on April 4, 1998. Klopas' most notable goal for the Fire came in Golden Goal overtime of a 2–1 win over the Columbus Crew in the 1998 U.S. Open Cup Final at Soldier Field. |
Lindon Eaves | Lindon J. Eaves was a behavior geneticist and priest who published on topics as diverse as the heritability of religion and psychopathology. His research encompassed the development of mathematical models reflecting competing theories of the causes and familial transmission of human human differences, the design of studies for the resolution, analytical methods for parameter estimation and hypothesis-testing and application to substantive questions about specific (human) traits. He was the first to consider standardized variance components for heritability estimates and was the first (at least in the human context) to consider the effects of living with a relative (with a different genotype or, in the case of monozygotic twins, the same genotype) on the behavior of a person. Furthermore, he was the first to think about genotype x age interaction and set up the algebra to study the effects of genes working in males as well as females, making it possible to use twins pairs of opposite-sex (dizygotic opposite sex). Together with Nick Martin, he wrote many classic papers, one of which is "The genetic analysis of covariance structure". They also wrote the book, Genes, culture and personality: An empirical approach. In 2012, a Festschrift was held in Edinburgh dedicated to Eaves' work; the proceedings were subsequently published in Behavior Genetics. |
NBA 60 Greatest Playoff Moments | Going into the game, the series between the Boston Celtics and the Phoenix Suns was tied 2–2. The game, like the series, was heavily contested as it took three overtime periods to determine the winner. Near the end of the first overtime, Boston's Paul Silas attempted to call a time-out that the team did not have, but officials ignored it and the game was tied. In the second overtime, Phoenix led by one with four seconds left. John Havlicek scored to retake the lead and spectators rushed onto the court to celebrate. Afterward, it was determined that Havlicek scored before the game ended and one second should be added back to the clock. Suns' Paul Westphal, immediately called a time-out that they did not have and a technical free throw was awarded to Boston. Boston was then up by two and Suns' Gar Heard was able to tie with a jumper. A third overtime period was played. With most key players fouled out, reserve players were used. The Celtics' Glenn McDonald scored six points and led Boston to a 128–126 win. |
Esquiline Venus | The statue's subject has variously been interpreted, as the Roman goddess Venus (possibly in the form Venus Anadyomene), as a nude mortal female bather, a female version of the diadumenos tying up the hair with a fillet (see below). The Esquiline Venus is generally thought to be a mid-1st-century AD Roman copy of a 1st-century BC Greek original from the school of Pasiteles. Its provenance has been characterized both as a Ptolemaic-Egyptian commission or as a copy of one, perhaps a copy commissioned by Claudius himself for the imperial gardens. This identification is based on the statue's Egyptian-style robe, descending over a vase, the asp or uraeus Egyptian cobra on the vase, and curly hair; if correct, these features could make it a cult statue of the goddess Isis, or an image (perhaps that set up by Julius Caesar) of Cleopatra VII as Isis or Venus-Isis (the two were frequently conflated). This view is backed by the Italian philologist Licinio Glori in 1955. Or she could be a copy of the statue of Cleopatra set up by Caesar in the temple of Venus Genetrix, a view supported by Bernard Andreae. In addition to hairstyle and facial features, the apparent royal diadem worn over the head is also an indication that it depicts Cleopatra. Detractors of this theory argue that the facial features on the Berlin bust and coinage of Cleopatra differ and assert that it was unlikely she would be depicted as the naked goddess Venus (i.e. the Greek Aphrodite). However, she was depicted in an Egyptian statue as the goddess Isis. Cleopatra was also depicted on some of her coins as Venus-Aphrodite, and reportedly dressed as Aphrodite when meeting Mark Antony at Tarsos in 42 BC. |
Perikatan Nasional | Perikatan Nasional was formed early in the 2020 Malaysian political crisis with the intention to replace the Pakatan Harapan (PH) government. The 16th Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Abdullah of Pahang, appointed Muhyiddin Yassin, then the de facto leader of PN, as the 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia, bringing the informal political coalition into government. The coalition was in a coalition government with Barisan Nasional (BN), Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS), Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) and other political parties from March 2020 to November 2022. The coalition led the coalition government from March 2020 to August 2021 with its Chairman Muhyiddin as prime minister. After Muhyiddin resigned as prime minister due to the withdrawal of support of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and loss of majority support in Dewan Rakyat, the coalition government was led by UMNO Vice President Ismail Sabri Yaakob as prime minister from August 2021 to November 2022. A new coalition government of PH, BN, GPS, GRS and other political parties led by PH Chairman Anwar Ibrahim as prime minister was formed as a result of the general election in November 2022. PN then formed the Opposition led by its Secretary-General Hamzah Zainudin as Leader. |
Perikatan Nasional | Since the morning of 23 February 2020, a faction from Parti Keadilan Rakyat led by its deputy president Azmin Ali who also served as Minister of Economic Affairs, BERSATU's Supreme Council, Muafakat Nasional of Malaysian Islamic Party-United Malays National Organisation pact retreat, UMNO's own Supreme Council, and GPS's member of the parliament; all held separate meetings in various locations. These meetings, particularly that of BERSATU and Azmin Ali's faction led to rumours that the formation of a new governing coalition was being undertaken. Later in the evening, an entourage of party leaders including Azmin, BERSATU President and then-Minister of Home Affairs Muhiyiddin, UMNO president Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, PAS president Hadi Awang, GPS chairman Abang Johari Openg and Parti Warisan Sabah president Shafie Apdal arrived at the Istana Negara to seek an audience with the Yang di-Pertuan Agong It was rumoured that the leaders were there to brief the Agong about the formation government and to declare their support for a new prime minister, effectively blocking PKR's president Anwar Ibrahim from the position. Once the meeting had concluded, several opposition party leaders, including UMNO's Ismail Sabri Yaakob and PAS's Hadi Awang then joined Azmin's supporters at Sheraton Hotel in Petaling Jaya. The purpose of the gathering was later revealed to be a dinner event called "Majlis Makan Malam Muafakat Ahli Parlimen" celebrating the achievement of a "consensus" among MPs, of which 131 were in attendance, from both the government and opposition. This sparked controversy as people began to wonder of the purpose and meaning of the event, causing a split in the Pakatan Harapan coalition. The events that day were dubbed the "Sheraton Move", and it was known as one of the longest Sundays in Malaysian politics. |
Appearance and character of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | The appearance and character of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart are the subject of multiple investigations at present. The fact that it has not been possible to exhume Mozart's remains – due to the exact location of the community grave in which he was buried being unknown – nor are masks or mortuary casts preserved, lends a degree of uncertainty to the composer's physical appearance. Although an alleged skull of Mozart exists, its authenticity, more than questionable, has not been verified to date. This skull has been subjected to various DNA tests, comparing it with those of his alleged niece and maternal grandmother, but not only did they find that the former's DNA did not match those of his two relatives, but also that theirs did not match each other either. Also, an alleged lock of his hair of dubious legitimacy has been preserved. However, there are reliable sources and references concerning both his appearance and clothing as well as his personality. This information is found in artworks, descriptions, and testimonies of the time, which allow us to get a more or less accurate idea of what Mozart was like physically and psychologically. |
Appearance and character of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | He entertained visitors by playing fantasias and capriccios on the piano. His sensitivity, his feeling, the speed of his fingers and, above all, the agility and power of his left hand, left me absorbed. After the splendid performance, we would sit at the dinner table, and I had the honor of sitting between him and his wife. After dinner, if the occasion was propitious and there were more guests, they would all march to the ball, and Mozart would join them with great enthusiasm. Physically, he was a man of small build, very thin and of pale complexion, with abundant hair, though somewhat thin and fair, of which he was, by the way, very proud. I remember that once he invited me to his house and I stayed there for a long time, where I was always received with hospitality and esteem; on that occasion I could see his great fondness for punch, which he mixed with other drinks and ingested, in truth with little moderation. He was very fond of billiards, and we played many games together, although he always beat me. He was a kind-hearted man, and his spirit was constantly ready to please others. He was only somewhat different when he played his music: he was capable of interrupting his performance if he heard the slightest noise. He gave concerts every Sunday, which I do not remember missing on any occasion. |
Appearance and character of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | Given his thin and weak build, Mozart was from the age of six a person who suffered from numerous illnesses throughout his life, which gradually deteriorated his health until leading to his death at age thirty-five. Thus, he contracted a streptococcal infection in the upper airways in 1762, later suffering from erythema nodosum, which Dr. Peter J. Davies of St. Vincent's Hospital in Melbourne (Australia) considers to be of probable streptococcal origin. In the same year, he contracted a new streptococcal infection and suffered a mild attack of rheumatic fever. In 1764, he suffered from tonsillitis, and in 1765 he contracted it again, in this case complicated with sinusitis. At the end of that year, he suffered a endemic typhoid fever that led to a coma, the following year he suffered a new attack of rheumatic fever. In 1767, he contracted smallpox, three years later he would suffer frostbite during his travels in Italy, and in 1771 he suffered from tracheobronchitis with jaundice. Three years later, he suffered an acute tooth abscess, and four years after that, he suffered from bronchitis. |
Appearance and character of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | On this social nonconformism that Mozart displayed throughout his life, it is worth mentioning the parting of ways with who had been his patron and protector since childhood, Hieronymus von Colloredo, Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg, who had an excellent relationship with the composer's father. Mozart never officially ceased to be a musician at the archiepiscopal court of Salzburg. Because of his cheerful and cosmopolitan spirit, the composer gradually distanced himself from the archbishop, who considered him "an insolent young man." Colloredo summoned him to Vienna in 1781 to deliver an ultimatum for his irresponsible attitude; Mozart arrived in the city to meet him on 16 March. At this meeting, a harsh confrontation took place between the two, which led to the presentation of a letter of resignation by Mozart, and concluded with the famous "farewell kick" that Count Arco, a member of the archbishop's court, gave Mozart in the backside. The archbishop, aware of Mozart's worth as a composer, refused to sign the letter of resignation that Mozart had presented to him, making Mozart for the rest of his days a runaway vassal, a dangerous condition in 18th century Europe. |
Appearance and character of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | When it came to money management, Mozart was rather carefree, but not as carefree as popular belief claims. However, this attitude led him to spend it sometimes excessively, and to depend for several years on loans made to him by some friends, especially Johann Michael Puchberg. On the other hand, and since settling in Vienna, Mozart lived long periods of time during which he did not possess a fixed salary. Once, on a trip the composer took to Berlin, King Frederick William II of Prussia offered him three thousand escudos in fees if he wished to take up residence at his court and take over the direction of his orchestra. Mozart refused the proposal, replying, "I like living in Vienna; the emperor loves me, and money matters little to me." Music publishers and theater impresarios abused Mozart's well-known disinterest in money to such an extent that most of his piano compositions yielded him nothing. Also, performances of Mozart's operas in Germany brought him fame, but no money, due to the non-existence of "performance rights"; and German publishers could reprint Mozart's music at will without consulting him, since there was no copyright law either. |
Appearance and character of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | He possessed great skill in languages and in mathematics (especially algebra), his favorite childhood subject. Moreover, he had absolute pitch, an innate quality invaluable in music, as well as a prodigious photographic and auditory memory, which enabled him to retain ideas in his head for years. To these two qualities testifies the famous anecdote of the Miserere by Gregorio Allegri: this musicalization of the fiftieth psalm, one of the finest examples of Italian Renaissance polyphonic style, was performed twice every Holy Week, once on Holy Wednesday and once on Good Friday, in the Sistine Chapel. Considered patrimony of the Vatican, the execution of the work outside the Chapel was strictly forbidden, under penalty of excommunication for whoever copied it. However, on his trip to Italy in Holy Week of 1770, Mozart attended with his father the performance of the Wednesday Miserere in the Sistine Chapel, and made a point of retaining it by heart. Thus, when he returned that evening to the inn where he was staying, he put it in writing. Two days later, on Friday, he returned to witness the performance of that day and, hiding the manuscript in his hat, he was able to make some corrections. When the feat reached the ears of Pope Clement XIV, he not only did not excommunicate Mozart, then fourteen years old, but decided to award him a knighthood in the Order of the Golden Spur in the first degree. |
Conrad Malaspina the Elder | The relationship Conrad and his cousin Obizzo started with Emperor Frederick II was very prolific, even though they didn't have a prominent position in his court, they followed him in northern and central Italy during his campaigns. Conrad was at Frederick's side in the battles of Monterosi , Capua and Pontremoli . Conrad's alliance with Frederick II was briefly interrupted in 1226, because the two cousins sided with Milan and Piacenza, against the Emperial Party. While Obizzo's schism lasted even after the conflict, after a few months, Conrad went back to the emperor's side. Hence in 1248 Frederick II gave all the Lunigiana to Pisa, except for Conrad's land and the castle of Pontremoli, to thank him for his loyalty. After the emperor's death , Conrad went back to his family and managing his possessions, he then helped the Spino Fiorito branch to reestablish its position of power, as reported in a document stating that in 1253 the two cousins occupied for a short period Pontremoli. After July 1254 there are no documents about Conrad's actions but it is known that in 1259 his wife (at the time) Agnesina was widowed . |
ISO/TC 37 | ISO/TC 37 looks upon a long history of terminology unification activities. In the past, terminology experts - even more so experts of terminology theory and methodology - had to struggle for wide recognition. Today their expertise is sought in many application areas, especially in various fields of standardization. The emerging multilingual information society and knowledge society will depend on reliable digital content. Terminology is indispensable here. This is because terminology plays a crucial role wherever and whenever specialized information and knowledge is being prepared (e.g. in research and development), used (e.g. in specialized texts), recorded and processed (e.g. in data banks), passed on (via training and teaching), implemented (e.g. in technology and knowledge transfer), or translated and interpreted. In the age of globalization the need for methodology standards concerning multilingual digital content is increasing - ISO/TC 37 has developed over the years the expertise for methodology standards for science and technology related content in textual form. |
ISO/TC 37 | The history of terminology standardization proper - if one excludes earlier attempts in the field of metrology - started in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which was founded in London in 1906 following a recommendation passed at the International Electrical Congress, held in St. Louis, United States, on 15 September 1904, to the extent that: "...steps should be taken to secure the co-operation of the technical societies of the world, by the appointment of a representative Commission to consider the question of the standardization of the nomenclature and ratings of electrical apparatus and machinery". From the very beginning, IEC considered it its foremost task to standardize the terminology of electrotechnology for the sake of the quality of its subject standards, and soon embarked upon the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV), whose first edition, based on many individual terminology standards, was published in 1938. The IEV is still being continued today, covering 77 chapters as parts of the International Standard series IEC 60050. The IEV Online Database can be accessed on Electropedia |
William Bates (cricketer) | He joining Briton Ferry Steel C.C. in 1914, as the War shut down first-class cricket for four years. He served as a sergeant in the Royal Engineers during the war. Bates qualified for Glamorgan over this time, and found a regular spot as a determined opening batsman and useful spinner as cricket resumed after the war. Though he scored a thousand runs in 1923; without reaching a century in 1927, he became the first Glamorgan batsman to record a ton in each innings, with 105 and 111 against Essex. He reached his peak as a batsman in this year, recording a double hundred against Worcestershire at Kidderminster, and another ton against Nottinghamshire to finish the summer with 1,645 runs to his account. He also passed the 1,500 runs mark in 1928, and began a most prolific partnership with a fellow Tyke, Arnold Dyson. The pair took delight in sharing a stand of 233 for the first wicket against Yorkshire, at Sheffield, in 1930. He played 283 first-class matches for Glamorgan, scoring 12,600 runs at 25.97 with ten centuries in all. |
Anuthin Wongsunkakon | Much of his work deals with print, logotype, and lettering, but he is best known for his contribution to Thai typography and for reintroducing custom font design service to the local business industry. Anuthin had provided fonts for many leading companies including Advance Info Service, Creative Technology, Men's Health (Thai Edition), Arena (Thai Edition), and Wallpaper* (Thai Edition), which he collaborated with Christian Schwartz to design Amplitude THAI. One of his more frequent collaborator is Ekaluck Peanpanawate, who worked closely on numerous projects such as dtac, Nokia Sans THAI, CAT, and Tesco Lotus (TL Family). Aside from his custom-made ones, his Thai and Latin typefaces has been used by various enterprises, most notably in local and international magazines such as Blue, Wired, and Snowboarding. Some of them appear on book covers, consumer products, and record sleeves e.g. Matchbox 20, Five for Fighting, etc. Additionally, his typefaces have been employed in identities for multinational companies such as Choice Hotel Group. His work has also been published and recognized by Type Directors Club New York. |
The Skywhale | Much of the public criticism has been focused on the five breasts which hang from each side of the balloon, with a Twitter user calling it "terrifyingly nipply". The director of the Canberra Museum and Gallery wrote an opinion article praising The Skywhale, arguing that the strength of the design "arises from how it concentrates the wonder, awe and mystery we experience in nature, with an urgent insistence on social engagement". The Canberra Times' art critic Kerry-Anne Cousins complimented the boldness of the design, and stated that "I think it's a mark of the sophistication of Canberra that we can have this kind of debate". In response to the criticism of the balloon's design, Piccinini stated that it wasn't intended to be sexual and the breasts represent how female whales feed their calves. She also believed that The Skywhale is likely to win greater support once Canberrans see it in person. Piccinini was hurt by the criticism of the artwork in Australia, and in 2017 believed that it would be "almost impossible" to attract funding to fly it in the country again. In 2019 The Canberra Times reported that The Skywhale had attracted more publicity than any other element of Canberra's centenary celebrations. |
The Skywhale | The cost of the balloon and the arrangements under which it was funded also attracted criticism. The executive director of culture for the ACT Chief Minister's directorate informed the media on 9 May that the balloon and its supporting website cost about $170,000. Documents released the next day showed that the total cost to the government of commissioning and operating The Skywhale over its lifespan will be $300,000, and the philanthropic Aranday Foundation will provide a further $50,000. Moreover, the balloon will remain the property of the Melbourne-based company Global Ballooning and only one flight was scheduled for Canberra at the time. In response, Jeremy Hanson stated that "this $300,000 extravagance again shows out of touch the ACT Government is with Canberrans' priorities". Katy Gallagher has stated that the Government considered retaining ownership of the balloon during its development, but decided against this option as it would have also involved funding all of The Skywhale's operating costs. Robyn Archer defended the project, arguing that the balloon's cost was relatively low, and represented "a bargain for public art". Piccinini has also said that "it's an aeronautical machine. People's lives depend on it. It has to function properly and that's what it costs, to make a balloon". While Global Ballooning owns The Skywhale, Piccinini retains the intellectual property to the balloon and the company does not expect to make much money from displaying and operating it. The director of Global Ballooning believes that The Skywhale will become self funding when international galleries begin to exhibit it. |
Wealth inequality in South Africa | Historically, South Africa has relied heavily on its mining and agricultural industries, but globalization has altered this. Now, the mining and agriculture industries have been labeled as part of the second economy of South Africa. The mining and agriculture industries have been left behind with the modern wave of advanced technology, global trade, and the financial sector of South Africa. As the capitalist financial sector in South Africa has established an important role on a global scale, it has grown since apartheid. At the same time, the second economy industries have fallen, along with much of the black population that made up the declining industries. According to the Department of Statistics of South Africa (Stats SA), the unemployment rate stood at 29.1% in the 2019 survey. Between Q2 and Q3 in 2019, the number of unemployed persons increased as the agriculture and mining industries reported 38,000 unemployed. As the number of unemployed persons has increased (expected to be higher after the analysis of COVID-19's effect) in the second economy industries, the first economy has seen positive charts, instead of negative. In a different quarterly analysis in 2019 (quarter 4), Stats SA reported that South Africa's non-agricultural sector added 16,000 jobs, which increased the number of persons employed in the formal non-agricultural sector up to 10.2 million. In this same quarter 4 of 2019 analysis, the trend continued to be positive for the trade industries, adding 29,000 additional jobs. The business service industry reported 12,000 additional jobs as well. |
Mussolente | In 1339 Mussolente, along with the rest of the Trevisan territory, came under the dominion of the Republic of Venice. The town prospered under Venetian rule. The flatlands were cleared and returned to agricultural use with a village established in what is now the frazione Casoni di Mussolente. In the 1580s, several inhabitants of Mussolente were accused of Lutheran heresy and brought before the Inquisition in Belluno. Lorenzo Busnardo , described in the Inquisition documents as a "vagabond priest" from Mussolente, was accused of using chess games to lure people into seditious religious conversations. Busnardo (twice cleared of the charges) was one of the first Italian chess players to play at international level and to have his games published. With the fall of the Venetian Republic and the takeover of northern Italy by the Austrian Empire, Mussolente again went into a period of decline marked by poverty and significant emigration which continued through the first decades of the Kingdom of Italy. |
Eric Greif | By the mid-1980s, Greenworld Distribution, who had worked with Greif on the marketing and distribution of Mötley Crüe's first album Too Fast for Love, had signed contracts with the vast majority of bands Greif brought to them with production deals, including Kansas City's Vyper, who he produced and managed. John Hughes, writing for the Kansas City Star, noted that "Mr. Greif hopes that Vyper will follow the pattern of last year's heavy metal meteor, Mötley Crüe, for which he was assistant manager and which recorded its first album with Greenworld...Billboard magazine announced the news in this week's issue". Quoting Greif, Hughes wrote "I'm going for millionaire status rather than blue-collar status. I'm marketing a product. The '80s is image, a look. The '80s are MTV". Greenworld's 1986 bankruptcy caused problems for Greif as Enigma Records, Greenworld's largest creditor, refused to return any of the master tapes and was not interested in promoting anything that Greenworld had been working on. |
Rangers de Talca | On November 27, 2011, Rangers was promoted to Primera División after beating Everton de Viña del Mar in the final match. Manager Dalcio Giovagnoli was fired in 2013, and replaced by Fernando Gamboa, who was considered mainly responsible of the team's relegation in 2014. Gamboa was fired too, but current manager Jorge Garcés wasn't able to avoid the side's relegation after two and a half years in the first division of Chilean football to the second division, the Primera B after finishing in the last place of both the Clausura and the accumulated table. The club's new owners confirmed Garcés will remain as the club's manager for the 2014–15 season, with the goal of gaining promotion to the first division. In October 2014, in a ceremony at the Talca Country Club, the marquess Luis Silva de Balboa transferred the trademark Rangers to the club. The trademark was his property until such time, and by a legal agreement, the transfer contains restrictions as to the limitation for the club to move out of the City of Talca of its ownership in hands other than people from Talca. |
Robert Constable (died 1591) | Constable received leases of lands 'for his service to the Queen in the wars', and 'for his service during the late rebellion in the north', and later composed a treatise on the 'Ordering of a Camp'. In 1575 he was appointed Marshal of Berwick. On 2 February 1576 he wrote to his kinsman, Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland, son and heir of his first cousin, Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, complaining that he had not received any imprest money, and requesting the Earl to pass on his thanks to Sir Francis Walsingham, for 'I have not found so great a friend as he. I know that I have this friendship for your sake, for I was a mere stranger to him'. Constable was soon requesting to be relieved of the position. On 25 May 1576 he wrote to the Earl that he had been 'in very good hope that I should have been discharged of this office, but I am now stayed'. He complained that 'No one ever lived here at so great a charge as I do', and that the garrison had been unpaid since Michaelmas. In 1577 he was still at Berwick, from which he wrote on 25 March that he had been 'very sick'. In about September 1577 he wrote to the Earl that 'Riding about the Queen's works here my horse has fallen upon me and bruised me so much that I am not able to stir out of my bed. . . The fall was so great that my sword was broken into three pieces'. He complained that he could 'get no help of physic', and although he hoped to escape danger from the injury, 'it will be very hard in consideration of my old years'. He was finally allowed to resign in August 1578. Lord Burghley commented that Constable had been 'beggared' as a result of his time spent at Berwick. |
Slot-die coating | To handle flexible substrates, roll-to-roll lines typically use a series of rollers to continually drive the substrate through the various stations of the process line. The bare substrate originates at an "unwind" roll at the start of the line and is collected at a "rewind" roll at the end. Hence, the substrate is often referred to as a "web" as it winds its way through the process line from start to finish. When a substrate roll has been fully processed, it is collected from the rewind roll, allowing for a new, bare substrate roll to be mounted onto the unwind roller to begin the process again. Slot-die coating often comprises just a single step of an overall roll-to-roll process. The slot-die is typically mounted in a fixed position on the roll-to-roll line, dispensing coating fluid onto the web in a continuous or patch-based manner as the substrate passes by. Because the substrate web spans all stations of the roll-to-roll line simultaneously, the individual processes at these stations are highly coupled and must be optimized to work in tandem with each other at the same web speed. |