metadata
license: cc-by-4.0
task_categories:
- summarization
- text-generation
annotations_creators:
- found
language_creators:
- found
language:
- am
- az
- bn
- bo
- bs
- ku
- zh
- el
- en
- fa
- fr
- ht
- ha
- hy
- id
- ka
- km
- rw
- ko
- lo
- mk
- my
- nd
- pt
- ps
- ru
- sn
- so
- es
- sq
- sr
- sw
- th
- ti
- tr
- uk
- ur
- uz
- vi
pretty_name: LR-Sum
size_categories:
- 100K<n<1M
multilinguality:
- multilingual
tags:
- conditional-text-generation
viewer: true
configs:
- config_name: amh
data_files:
- split: test
path: amh/test-*
- config_name: aze
data_files:
- split: test
path: aze/test-*
- split: train
path: aze/train-*
- split: validation
path: aze/validation-*
- config_name: ben
data_files:
- split: test
path: ben/test-*
- config_name: bod
data_files:
- split: test
path: bod/test-*
- config_name: bos
data_files:
- split: test
path: bos/test-*
- split: train
path: bos/train-*
- split: validation
path: bos/validation-*
- config_name: ckb
data_files:
- split: test
path: ckb/test-*
- split: train
path: ckb/train-*
- split: validation
path: ckb/validation-*
- config_name: cmn_s
data_files:
- split: test
path: cmn_s/test-*
- split: train
path: cmn_s/train-*
- split: validation
path: cmn_s/validation-*
- config_name: cmn_t
data_files:
- split: test
path: cmn_t/test-*
- split: train
path: cmn_t/train-*
- split: validation
path: cmn_t/validation-*
- config_name: ell
data_files:
- split: test
path: ell/test-*
- config_name: eng
data_files:
- split: test
path: eng/test-*
- split: train
path: eng/train-*
- split: validation
path: eng/validation-*
- config_name: fas
data_files:
- split: test
path: fas/test-*
- split: train
path: fas/train-*
- split: validation
path: fas/validation-*
- config_name: fra
data_files:
- split: test
path: fra/test-*
- split: train
path: fra/train-*
- split: validation
path: fra/validation-*
- config_name: hat
data_files:
- split: test
path: hat/test-*
- split: train
path: hat/train-*
- split: validation
path: hat/validation-*
- config_name: hau
data_files:
- split: test
path: hau/test-*
- config_name: hye
data_files:
- split: test
path: hye/test-*
- split: train
path: hye/train-*
- split: validation
path: hye/validation-*
- config_name: ind
data_files:
- split: test
path: ind/test-*
- split: train
path: ind/train-*
- split: validation
path: ind/validation-*
- config_name: kat
data_files:
- split: test
path: kat/test-*
- split: train
path: kat/train-*
- split: validation
path: kat/validation-*
- config_name: khm
data_files:
- split: test
path: khm/test-*
- split: train
path: khm/train-*
- split: validation
path: khm/validation-*
- config_name: kin
data_files:
- split: test
path: kin/test-*
- config_name: kmr
data_files:
- split: test
path: kmr/test-*
- split: train
path: kmr/train-*
- split: validation
path: kmr/validation-*
- config_name: kor
data_files:
- split: test
path: kor/test-*
- split: train
path: kor/train-*
- split: validation
path: kor/validation-*
- config_name: lao
data_files:
- split: test
path: lao/test-*
- split: train
path: lao/train-*
- split: validation
path: lao/validation-*
- config_name: mkd
data_files:
- split: test
path: mkd/test-*
- split: train
path: mkd/train-*
- split: validation
path: mkd/validation-*
- config_name: mya
data_files:
- split: test
path: mya/test-*
- split: train
path: mya/train-*
- split: validation
path: mya/validation-*
- config_name: nde
data_files:
- split: test
path: nde/test-*
- split: train
path: nde/train-*
- split: validation
path: nde/validation-*
- config_name: por
data_files:
- split: test
path: por/test-*
- split: train
path: por/train-*
- split: validation
path: por/validation-*
- config_name: prs
data_files:
- split: test
path: prs/test-*
- split: train
path: prs/train-*
- split: validation
path: prs/validation-*
- config_name: pus
data_files:
- split: test
path: pus/test-*
- split: train
path: pus/train-*
- split: validation
path: pus/validation-*
- config_name: rus
data_files:
- split: test
path: rus/test-*
- split: train
path: rus/train-*
- split: validation
path: rus/validation-*
- config_name: sna
data_files:
- split: test
path: sna/test-*
- split: train
path: sna/train-*
- split: validation
path: sna/validation-*
- config_name: som
data_files:
- split: test
path: som/test-*
- config_name: spa
data_files:
- split: test
path: spa/test-*
- split: train
path: spa/train-*
- split: validation
path: spa/validation-*
- config_name: sqi
data_files:
- split: test
path: sqi/test-*
- split: train
path: sqi/train-*
- split: validation
path: sqi/validation-*
- config_name: srp
data_files:
- split: test
path: srp/test-*
- split: train
path: srp/train-*
- split: validation
path: srp/validation-*
- config_name: swh
data_files:
- split: test
path: swh/test-*
- config_name: tha
data_files:
- split: test
path: tha/test-*
- split: train
path: tha/train-*
- split: validation
path: tha/validation-*
- config_name: tir
data_files:
- split: test
path: tir/test-*
- config_name: tur
data_files:
- split: test
path: tur/test-*
- split: train
path: tur/train-*
- split: validation
path: tur/validation-*
- config_name: ukr
data_files:
- split: test
path: ukr/test-*
- split: train
path: ukr/train-*
- split: validation
path: ukr/validation-*
dataset_info:
- config_name: amh
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 661238
num_examples: 154
download_size: 336803
dataset_size: 661238
- config_name: aze
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 2690777
num_examples: 811
- name: train
num_bytes: 21683595
num_examples: 6487
- name: validation
num_bytes: 2653949
num_examples: 810
download_size: 15117096
dataset_size: 27028321
- config_name: ben
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 4111932
num_examples: 715
download_size: 1597837
dataset_size: 4111932
- config_name: bod
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 2423126
num_examples: 182
download_size: 694122
dataset_size: 2423126
- config_name: bos
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 4793400
num_examples: 1456
- name: train
num_bytes: 37692878
num_examples: 11648
- name: validation
num_bytes: 4674155
num_examples: 1455
download_size: 30934781
dataset_size: 47160433
- config_name: ckb
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 3073172
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 7492985
num_examples: 1230
- name: validation
num_bytes: 3251806
num_examples: 500
download_size: 6054129
dataset_size: 13817963
- config_name: cmn_s
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 2444203
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 2324426
num_examples: 483
- name: validation
num_bytes: 2452904
num_examples: 500
download_size: 4786850
dataset_size: 7221533
- config_name: cmn_t
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1926008
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 7969758
num_examples: 2103
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1938286
num_examples: 500
download_size: 7934145
dataset_size: 11834052
- config_name: ell
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 3244069
num_examples: 583
download_size: 1557990
dataset_size: 3244069
- config_name: eng
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 10021562
num_examples: 2622
- name: train
num_bytes: 79349108
num_examples: 20976
- name: validation
num_bytes: 9859201
num_examples: 2621
download_size: 60141163
dataset_size: 99229871
- config_name: fas
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 7011820
num_examples: 1343
- name: train
num_bytes: 54763383
num_examples: 10744
- name: validation
num_bytes: 7039991
num_examples: 1342
download_size: 32366005
dataset_size: 68815194
- config_name: fra
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1363784
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 3139247
num_examples: 1126
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1394751
num_examples: 500
download_size: 3525857
dataset_size: 5897782
- config_name: hat
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1269965
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 1132879
num_examples: 452
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1291910
num_examples: 500
download_size: 2243949
dataset_size: 3694754
- config_name: hau
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 895424
num_examples: 390
download_size: 519692
dataset_size: 895424
- config_name: hye
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 2237917
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 4088649
num_examples: 920
- name: validation
num_bytes: 2296861
num_examples: 500
download_size: 3921240
dataset_size: 8623427
- config_name: ind
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1346577
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 2672066
num_examples: 968
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1355415
num_examples: 500
download_size: 3069718
dataset_size: 5374058
- config_name: kat
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 4478271
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 4392502
num_examples: 511
- name: validation
num_bytes: 4420969
num_examples: 500
download_size: 4721935
dataset_size: 13291742
- config_name: khm
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 6017258
num_examples: 486
- name: train
num_bytes: 47799518
num_examples: 3888
- name: validation
num_bytes: 5828411
num_examples: 486
download_size: 21074908
dataset_size: 59645187
- config_name: kin
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1852173
num_examples: 698
download_size: 1070291
dataset_size: 1852173
- config_name: kmr
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1204722
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 1953328
num_examples: 791
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1208299
num_examples: 500
download_size: 2596272
dataset_size: 4366349
- config_name: kor
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 5942952
num_examples: 1312
- name: train
num_bytes: 47806874
num_examples: 10499
- name: validation
num_bytes: 6056985
num_examples: 1312
download_size: 32709139
dataset_size: 59806811
- config_name: lao
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 8556850
num_examples: 1496
- name: train
num_bytes: 68586272
num_examples: 11964
- name: validation
num_bytes: 8598134
num_examples: 1495
download_size: 33917486
dataset_size: 85741256
- config_name: mkd
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 2379294
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 5596593
num_examples: 1223
- name: validation
num_bytes: 2327437
num_examples: 500
download_size: 4832370
dataset_size: 10303324
- config_name: mya
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 15238699
num_examples: 990
- name: train
num_bytes: 122554522
num_examples: 7921
- name: validation
num_bytes: 14863452
num_examples: 990
download_size: 50240586
dataset_size: 152656673
- config_name: nde
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1408589
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 4885282
num_examples: 1739
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1400285
num_examples: 500
download_size: 4541017
dataset_size: 7694156
- config_name: por
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1450050
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 1905010
num_examples: 643
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1506258
num_examples: 500
download_size: 2877418
dataset_size: 4861318
- config_name: prs
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 6454725
num_examples: 1505
- name: train
num_bytes: 52261705
num_examples: 12037
- name: validation
num_bytes: 6594769
num_examples: 1504
download_size: 30143285
dataset_size: 65311199
- config_name: pus
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 8662917
num_examples: 2107
- name: train
num_bytes: 68247927
num_examples: 16854
- name: validation
num_bytes: 8566877
num_examples: 2106
download_size: 40895100
dataset_size: 85477721
- config_name: rus
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 9968681
num_examples: 1351
- name: train
num_bytes: 78755821
num_examples: 10812
- name: validation
num_bytes: 9816066
num_examples: 1351
download_size: 48949523
dataset_size: 98540568
- config_name: sna
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1194214
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 899993
num_examples: 383
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1184515
num_examples: 500
download_size: 1814862
dataset_size: 3278722
- config_name: som
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 506717
num_examples: 165
download_size: 296666
dataset_size: 506717
- config_name: spa
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 2030182
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 10404331
num_examples: 2544
- name: validation
num_bytes: 2000911
num_examples: 500
download_size: 8521153
dataset_size: 14435424
- config_name: sqi
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 7587993
num_examples: 2289
- name: train
num_bytes: 59943133
num_examples: 18312
- name: validation
num_bytes: 7507460
num_examples: 2289
download_size: 43393330
dataset_size: 75038586
- config_name: srp
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1515008
num_examples: 622
- name: train
num_bytes: 11918653
num_examples: 4974
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1452745
num_examples: 621
download_size: 9870510
dataset_size: 14886406
- config_name: swh
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 1489689
num_examples: 588
download_size: 863092
dataset_size: 1489689
- config_name: tha
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 3293795
num_examples: 500
- name: train
num_bytes: 14854644
num_examples: 2278
- name: validation
num_bytes: 3256105
num_examples: 500
download_size: 8255931
dataset_size: 21404544
- config_name: tir
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 438551
num_examples: 115
download_size: 219906
dataset_size: 438551
- config_name: tur
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 13882447
num_examples: 3584
- name: train
num_bytes: 110683341
num_examples: 28672
- name: validation
num_bytes: 13819996
num_examples: 3583
download_size: 78743945
dataset_size: 138385784
- config_name: ukr
features:
- name: id
dtype: string
- name: url
dtype: string
- name: title
dtype: string
- name: summary
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
splits:
- name: test
num_bytes: 4045975
num_examples: 723
- name: train
num_bytes: 32769694
num_examples: 5784
- name: validation
num_bytes: 4132715
num_examples: 722
download_size: 20683201
dataset_size: 40948384
Dataset Card for LR-Sum
LR-Sum is a automatic summarization dataset of newswire text with a focus on less resourced languages with a cc-by 4.0 license.
Dataset Details
Dataset Description
LR-Sum is a permissively-licensed dataset created with the goal of enabling further research in automatic summarization for less-resourced languages. LR-Sum contains human-written summaries for 39 languages, many of which are less-resourced. The data is based on the collection of the Multilingual Open Text corpus where the source data is public domain newswire collected from from Voice of America websites. LR-Sum is released under a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0), making it one of the most openly-licensed multilingual summarization datasets.
- Curated by: BLT Lab: Chester Palen-Michel and Constantine Lignos
- Shared by: Chester Palen-Michel
- Language(s) (NLP): Albanian, Amharic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bengali, Bosnian, Burmese, Chinese, English, French, Georgian, Greek, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Indonesian, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Korean, Kurdish, Lao, Macedonian, Northern Ndebele, Pashto, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Shona, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Thai, Tibetan, Tigrinya, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uzbek, Vietnamese
- License: CC-BY 4.0
Dataset Sources [optional]
Multilingual Open Text v1.6 which is a collection of newswire text from Voice of America (VOA).
- Paper: https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-acl.427/
- Repository: https://github.com/bltlab/lr-sum
Uses
The dataset is intended for research in automatic summarization in various languages, especially for less resourced languages.
Direct Use
The data can be used for training text generation models to generate short summaries of news articles in many languages. Automatic evaluation of automatic summarization is another use case, though we encourage also conducting human evaluation of any model trained for summarization.
Out-of-Scope Use
This dataset only includes newswire text, so models trained on the data may not be effective for out of domain summarization.
Dataset Structure
Each field is a string:
{
'id': Article unique id
'url': URL for the news article
'title': The title of the news article
'summary': The summary of the article
'text': The full text of the news article not including title
}
Dataset Creation
Curation Rationale
Research in automatic summarization for less resourced languages.
Source Data
Voice of America (VOA)
Data Collection and Processing
See our paper for details on collection and processing.
Who are the source data producers?
Voice of America (VOA)
Annotation process
The summaries are found in news article meta data. More detail about the curation process can be found in our paper.
Who are the annotators?
The summaries are found in the news article meta data. The authors of the summaries are authors and staff for VOA.
Personal and Sensitive Information
The only sensative personal information would be information already published in news articles on VOA. See VOA's mission and values
Bias, Risks, and Limitations
The content in this dataset is newswire. See VOA's mission and values for more detail about the journalistic integrity and policy.
Recommendations
The data is newswire text. Training text generation models on this dataset will have similar risks and limitations to other text generation models including hallucinations and potentially inaccurate statements. For some languages that have fewer examples, issues with text generation models are likely to be more pronounced. The dataset is primarily released for research despite having a permissive license. We encourage users to thoroughly test and evaluate any models trained using this data before putting them into production environments.
Citation
If you make use of this dataset, please cite our paper using this bibtex:
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{palen-michel-lignos-2023-lr,
title = "{LR}-Sum: Summarization for Less-Resourced Languages",
author = "Palen-Michel, Chester and
Lignos, Constantine",
editor = "Rogers, Anna and
Boyd-Graber, Jordan and
Okazaki, Naoaki",
booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023",
month = jul,
year = "2023",
address = "Toronto, Canada",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-acl.427",
doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.findings-acl.427",
pages = "6829--6844",
abstract = "We introduce LR-Sum, a new permissively-licensed dataset created with the goal of enabling further research in automatic summarization for less-resourced languages.LR-Sum contains human-written summaries for 40 languages, many of which are less-resourced. We describe our process for extracting and filtering the dataset from the Multilingual Open Text corpus (Palen-Michel et al., 2022).The source data is public domain newswire collected from from Voice of America websites, and LR-Sum is released under a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0), making it one of the most openly-licensed multilingual summarization datasets. We describe abstractive and extractive summarization experiments to establish baselines and discuss the limitations of this dataset.",
}
Dataset Card Authors
Chester Palen-Michel @cpalenmichel
Dataset Card Contact
Chester Palen-Michel @cpalenmichel