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chujiezheng

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[ "French Bulldog\nI have the cutest little french bulldog as a pet.", "Yes they aren't cheap at all. ", "I'm really not sure, probably something that has to do with the bloodline.", "I didn't know that. I would think they'd be more of a french or british dog." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The dogs were spread throughout the ancient world by Phoenician traders.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ British Molossian dogs were developed into the Mastiff.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ A sub-family of the Mastiff were the Bullenbeisser, a type of dog used for bull-baiting.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Blood sports such as bull-baiting were outlawed in England in 1835, leaving these \"Bulldogs\" unemployed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ However, they had been bred for non-sporting reasons since at least 1800, and so their use changed from a sporting breed to a companion breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ To reduce their size, some Bulldogs were crossed with terriers, while others were crossed with pugs.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ By 1850 the Toy Bulldog had become common in England, and appeared in conformation shows when they began around 1860.", "Nintendogs + Cats __knowledge__ The game is one of the first online-enabled titles that uses the Nintendo Network, and is the first Nintendo-published title to do so, although the Nintendo Network brand itself was not revealed until early 2012.", "Nintendogs + Cats __knowledge__ All three editions of the game were re-released as digital Nintendo eShop downloadables on January 30, 2013 in Japan, December 19, 2013 in Europe, and November 6, 2014 in North America.", "Nintendogs + Cats __knowledge__ The game retains much the same style of gameplay as the original \"Nintendogs\", including various breeds of dogs and cats as well as training exercises included in the first game.", "Nintendogs + Cats __knowledge__ The tricks, however, have been changed; there is now a tutorial for each trick as the game progresses, and the player is no longer required to say exactly the same name of the trick.", "Bulldog breeds __knowledge__ Bulldog breeds is a collective name for various breeds of dog of a particular type, also known as bull breeds.", "Bulldog breeds __knowledge__ The blood sport of dog-baiting animals has occurred since antiquity, most famously in the Roman Colosseum, a direct precursor to the modern Spanish sport of bullfighting.", "Bulldog breeds __knowledge__ In the post-Roman era, baiting, per se, was most closely associated with the English, who pursued it with utmost earnestness.", "Bulldog breeds __knowledge__ The pastime flourished, reaching the peak of its popularity during the sixteenth century.", "Bulldog breeds __knowledge__ The Bullenbeisser is an extinct dog that originated in .", "Bulldog breeds __knowledge__ It is also known as the German Bulldog.", "Bulldog breeds __knowledge__ The first historical traces of bull-baiting occur in the time of the regency of King John.", "Brigitte (dog) __knowledge__ Brigitte (born 2010) is a French Bulldog dog actress best known for her role as Stella in the ABC television series \"Modern Family\".", "Brigitte (dog) __knowledge__ In 2012 she won the award for \"Best Dog in a Television Series\" at the inaugural Golden Collar Awards.", "Brigitte (dog) __knowledge__ During her run on \"Modern Family\", Brigitte was represented by Hollywood animal trainer Guin Dill, who owns Good Dog Animals, a Los Angeles-based company which loans animal actors to movies and television shows.", "Brigitte (dog) __knowledge__ Dill has stated that Brigitte's grooming regime is pretty straightforward.", "Brigitte (dog) __knowledge__ She enjoys playing with toys, in particular those built so she can tug on them.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ This is a list of common, recurring enemies in the \"Mario\" franchise.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ The enemies on the list are in alphabetical order, and are most commonly found in \"Super Mario\" games, in which Bowser commands his minions to block and act as obstacles to Mario, who is normally attempting to rescue Princess Peach.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ Most of these enemies are identical in look and are classified as species.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ While only those who belong to Bowser or specific antagonists are enemies to Mario or players, other members of these species (usually individuals) have their own life in or out of Mushroom Kingdom (e.g.", "List of recurring Mario franchise enemies __knowledge__ King Boo; Petey Piranha), similar with Toads or Yoshis.", "Bill George (dog dealer) __knowledge__ Bill George (1802–1881) was a Victorian era dog dealer and well-known character in London, England.", "Bill George (dog dealer) __knowledge__ George's first job was as a butcher's boy.", "Bill George (dog dealer) __knowledge__ A bareknuckle prizefighter, he later became an apprentice to Ben White of 'May Tree Cottage', Kensal New Town, a dealer of Old English Bulldogs, the ancestral breed of Bulldog used for dog fighting.", "Bill George (dog dealer) __knowledge__ Kensal New Town was a rough working class area with many Irish immigrants and the scene of Protestant-Catholic conflicts.", "Bill George (dog dealer) __knowledge__ He was indirectly part of an incident in 1825, sponsored by Sam Wedgbury, who had bought a dog from White, and a menagerie owner called George Wombwell, involving lion-baiting by Bulldogs.", "British Bulldog (game) __knowledge__ British Bulldog (also: running red rovers, red rovers, rovers, jailbreak, octopus, seaweed, bullies, bullrush, Russian bulldog, bulldogs charge, or simply bulldogs) is a tag-based game, of which red rover and cocky laura are descendants.", "British Bulldog (game) __knowledge__ Most commonly one or two players – though this number may be higher in large spaces – are selected to be the \"bulldogs\".", "British Bulldog (game) __knowledge__ The bulldogs stand in the middle of the play area.", "British Bulldog (game) __knowledge__ All remaining players stand at one end of the area (home).", "British Bulldog (game) __knowledge__ The aim of the game is to run from one end of the field of play to the other, without being caught by the bulldogs.", "British Bulldog (game) __knowledge__ When a player is caught, they become a bulldog themselves." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The dogs were spread throughout the ancient world by Phoenician traders.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ British Molossian dogs were developed into the Mastiff.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ A sub-family of the Mastiff were the Bullenbeisser, a type of dog used for bull-baiting.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Blood sports such as bull-baiting were outlawed in England in 1835, leaving these \"Bulldogs\" unemployed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ However, they had been bred for non-sporting reasons since at least 1800, and so their use changed from a sporting breed to a companion breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ To reduce their size, some Bulldogs were crossed with terriers, while others were crossed with pugs.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ By 1850 the Toy Bulldog had become common in England, and appeared in conformation shows when they began around 1860.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Cheap Trick __knowledge__ Cheap Trick is an American rock band from Rockford, Illinois, formed in 1974.", "Cheap Trick __knowledge__ The band currently consists of vocalist Robin Zander, guitarist Rick Nielsen, bassist Tom Petersson, and touring drummer Daxx Nielsen.", "Cheap Trick __knowledge__ Original drummer Bun E. Carlos stopped touring with the band in 2010 but remains a partner in their business organization.", "Cheap Trick __knowledge__ Cheap Trick released their debut album in 1977 and first found success in Japan with the release of their second album, \"In Color\", later that year.", "Cheap Trick __knowledge__ The band would not achieve mainstream popularity in the U.S. until 1979 with their breakthrough album \"Cheap Trick at Budokan\".", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Phil Cristian __knowledge__ Phil Cristian aka Magic Cristian is an American keyboardist and singer.", "Phil Cristian __knowledge__ He is best known for being 'Magic' Cristian, the touring keyboardist and background singer for the rock band Cheap Trick.", "Phil Cristian __knowledge__ After relocating to Los Angeles from Fresno, Ca in 1973 he was hired by a high-profile cover band, Corroboree.", "Phil Cristian __knowledge__ After a number of years in the thriving local club scene they disbanded, with Cristian and two other band mates forming the band Fortress.", "Phil Cristian __knowledge__ Record labels Chrysalis and MCA showed interest in the band and they recorded a demo paid for by MCA.", "Phil Cristian __knowledge__ MCA eventually passed on the band due to the emergence of the 80's Punk and New Wave scene.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Micromanagement (gameplay) __knowledge__ In gaming, micromanagement are minor, detailed gameplay elements that must be manually addressed by the player.", "Micromanagement (gameplay) __knowledge__ It appears in a wide range of games and genres, including strategy video games, construction and management simulations, and pet-raising simulations.", "Micromanagement (gameplay) __knowledge__ Micromanagement has been perceived in different ways by game designers and players for many years: some perceive it as a useful addition to games that adds options and technique to the gameplay, something that is necessary if the game is to support top-level competitions; some enjoy opportunities to use tactical skill in strategic games; others regard it as an unwelcomed distraction from higher levels of strategic thinking and dislike having to do a lot of detailed work.", "Magadheera __knowledge__ Magadheera () is a 2009 Indian Telugu-language romantic-action film, written by K. V. Vijayendra Prasad and directed by S. S. Rajamouli.", "Magadheera __knowledge__ Based on the theme of reincarnation, the film was produced by Allu Aravind of Geetha Arts.", "Magadheera __knowledge__ The film stars Ram Charan and Kajal Aggarwal, while Dev Gill and Srihari appear in prominent roles.", "Magadheera __knowledge__ The plot revolves around four people: a valiant warrior in charge of the princess' safety; the princess who loves him; her cousin who lusts after her; and an emperor who wants to conquer their kingdom.", "Magadheera __knowledge__ They all die before their wishes are fulfilled and are reborn after 400 years, at which point the warrior kills the scheming cousin with the support of the reformed emperor and wins over the princess.", "African-American middle class __knowledge__ The black middle class consists of black Americans who have middle-class status within the American class structure.", "African-American middle class __knowledge__ It is a societal level within the African American community that primarily began to develop in the early 1960s, when the ongoing Civil Rights Movement led to the outlawing of \"de jure\" racial segregation.", "African-American middle class __knowledge__ The gains accrued by the Civil Rights Era are strongly correlated with the emergence of a new black middle class.", "African-American middle class __knowledge__ While the vast majority of whites are centrally middle-class, the majority of African Americans are considered working-class.", "African-American middle class __knowledge__ In terms of income, the narrowest view of a household with a middle-class income is considered $39,100 to $62,000, while a more generous view is $20,291 to $100,000.", "Malayan dollar __knowledge__ The Malayan dollar (Malay: ringgit, Jawi: ريڠڬيت) was the currency of the British colonies and protectorates in Malaya and Brunei until 1953.", "Malayan dollar __knowledge__ It was introduced in 1939, replacing the Straits dollar at par, with 1 dollar = two shillings four pence sterling (60 dollars = 7 pounds).", "Malayan dollar __knowledge__ The Malayan dollar was issued by the Board of Commissioners of Currency, Malaya, with a hiatus during the Japanese occupation (1942–1945).", "Malayan dollar __knowledge__ The Board of Commissioners of Currency, Malaya, came into being in October 1938 following the Blackett Report which recommended that the sole power of issuing currency for the various Malay States, including Brunei, and the Straits Settlements should be entrusted to a pan-Malayan Currency Commission.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ The Cleveland Convention Center was a convention center located in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Built by the city of Cleveland beneath the Cleveland Mall adjacent to Public Auditorium, it was completed in 1964.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Plans for the convention center were first made in 1956, but voters twice rejected initiatives to fund construction before approving a bond levy in November 1963.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ A local private foundation donated several million dollars to beautify the mall atop the convention center with a reflecting pool and fountains.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Construction was plagued by issues with ground water, protests, strikes, and cost overruns.", "CIA Tibetan program __knowledge__ The U.S. Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA) Tibetan program was a covert operation during the Cold War consisting of \"political action, propaganda, paramilitary and intelligence operations\" based on U.S. Government arrangements made with brothers of the Dalai Lama, who himself was not initially aware of them.", "CIA Tibetan program __knowledge__ The goal of the program was to destabilize China as part of a greater campaign against communist regimes.", "CIA Tibetan program __knowledge__ Although it was formally assigned to the CIA alone, it was nevertheless closely coordinated with several other U.S. government agencies such as the Department of State and the Department of Defense.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes from the MTV show \"Bully Beatdown\".", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ \"First aired: 22 March 2009\" The victim for the series premier is named Alan, a man who gets bullied by his bigger younger brother.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ In his tape, Alan explains that Ryan gets away with bullying him because he is the family favorite.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ He also states that in the past Ryan pushed him down a flight of stairs and put his head through a wall.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ Another victim named Nick appears in the tape and accuses Ryan of humiliating him and giving him a scar on the forehead by pushing him down some bleachers.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ Ryan accepts Mayhem's challenge to fight an MMA fighter.", "Wipeout (season 5) __knowledge__ This is a comprehensive list of all of the episodes from the fifth season of American game show \"Wipeout\".", "Wipeout (season 5) __knowledge__ *Gabrielle Johnson crossed Weasel Wheel, the Big Balls, and Ballsy's Ski Shop.", "Wipeout (season 5) __knowledge__ **Blondie Shana and Diva Amanda both quit during the Cold-Hearted Snake, but Shana and her sister quit first, so the Divas advanced.", "Wipeout (season 5) __knowledge__ Since the Winter brothers were the only team to complete the Cold-Hearted Snake, they won $25,000.", "Wipeout (season 5) __knowledge__ This was the first episode to have a shocker.", "Wipeout (season 5) __knowledge__ *** It wasn't shown, but Vision crossed Ballsy's Ski Shop.", "Wipeout (season 5) __knowledge__ *Jordan Lott and Dorean Amaya each crossed the Big Balls, earning them 500 dollars." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The dogs were spread throughout the ancient world by Phoenician traders.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ British Molossian dogs were developed into the Mastiff.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ A sub-family of the Mastiff were the Bullenbeisser, a type of dog used for bull-baiting.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Blood sports such as bull-baiting were outlawed in England in 1835, leaving these \"Bulldogs\" unemployed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ However, they had been bred for non-sporting reasons since at least 1800, and so their use changed from a sporting breed to a companion breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ To reduce their size, some Bulldogs were crossed with terriers, while others were crossed with pugs.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ By 1850 the Toy Bulldog had become common in England, and appeared in conformation shows when they began around 1860.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Bloodline (TV series) __knowledge__ Bloodline is an American Netflix original thriller–drama web television series created by Todd A. Kessler, Glenn Kessler, and Daniel Zelman, and produced by Sony Pictures Television.", "Bloodline (TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered on February 9, 2015, in the Berlinale Special Galas section of the 65th Berlin International Film Festival, and the 13-episode first season premiered in its entirety, on Netflix, on March 20, 2015.", "Bloodline (TV series) __knowledge__ On March 31, 2015, \"Bloodline\" was renewed for a 10-episode second season that debuted on May 27, 2016.", "Bloodline (TV series) __knowledge__ On July 13, 2016, Netflix renewed \"Bloodline\" for a 10-episode third season, later confirmed to be the final season.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ The Original vampires, in the universe of \"The Vampire Diaries\" and \"The Originals\", are a family of vampires from which all current vampires descend, as well as being the most powerful and indestructible of their kind.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ Hayley Marshall, (born Andrea Lebonair) Is the mother of Niklaus' daughter, Hope.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ In Autumn 1001 AD, after the death of her youngest son Henrik at the hands of werewolves, the powerful witch Esther performed an occult blood ritual in order to protect her five remaining children—(Finn, Elijah, Niklaus, Kol, and Rebekah)—and her husband, Mikael.", "Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries) __knowledge__ The ritual transformed her family into the first vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Jesus bloodline __knowledge__ The Jesus bloodline is a hypothetical sequence of lineal descendants of the historical Jesus, often by Mary Magdalene, usually portrayed as his wife.", "Jesus bloodline __knowledge__ Differing and contradictory versions of a Jesus bloodline hypothesis have been proposed in numerous books by authors such as Louis Martin (1886), Donovan Joyce (1973), Andreas Faber-Kaiser (1977), Barbara Thiering (1992), Margaret Starbird (1993), and various websites.", "Jesus bloodline __knowledge__ Dan Brown's novel \"The Da Vinci Code\" used the premise for its plot line.", "Jesus bloodline __knowledge__ The 2007 documentary \"The Lost Tomb of Jesus\" proposed that evidence existed to show that Jesus was married to Mary Magdalene and that their son was named Judah, based upon inscriptions found on ossuaries discovered in Jerusalem in 1980.", "Bloodline (Fringe) __knowledge__ \"Bloodline\" is the eighteenth episode of the third season of the American science fiction drama television series \"Fringe\", and the 61st episode overall.", "Bloodline (Fringe) __knowledge__ The storyline follows the pregnant Olivia Dunham of the parallel universe (\"Fauxlivia\") as she experiences a kidnapping and acceleration of her pregnancy; meanwhile, her fellow Fringe agents Lincoln Lee and Charlie Francis attempt to locate her.", "Bloodline (Fringe) __knowledge__ The episode's script was written by co-executive producers Alison Schapker and Monica Owusu-Breen, while Dennis Smith directed.", "Bloodline (Fringe) __knowledge__ \"Bloodline\" featured the return of guest actors Seth Gabel, Kirk Acevedo, Ryan McDonald, Andre Royo, and Amy Madigan.", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ NJ Bloodline is a hardcore group from Elizabeth, New Jersey.", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ NJ Bloodline was formed in early 1992 in Elizabeth, NJ.", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ The original lineup consisted of Mario Simoes(Guitar), Tony Simoes(Drums), Enrique Maseda, aka Wreak Havoc(Vocals), Jim Marella (Lead Guitar) and Jay Crime (Bass).", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ NJ Bloodline recorded a self-financed 5 song Demo EP in 1993 which was released D.I.Y.", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ on cassette, after which Jim Marella left the group.", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ NJ Bloodline then continued as a 4 piece.", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ Between late 1994 and early 1995, Jay and Tony left NJ Bloodline and were replaced by Joey Priolo and Ray Chinowski (aka, Fat Ray-RIP).", "NJ Bloodline __knowledge__ NJ Bloodline then officially broke up in the early summer of 1995.", "Whiston, Merseyside __knowledge__ Whiston is a large village and civil parish within the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley in Merseyside, England.", "Whiston, Merseyside __knowledge__ At the 2001 Census the population was recorded as 13,629, (6,560 males and 7,069 females).", "Whiston, Merseyside __knowledge__ increasing to 14,263 at the 2011 Census.", "Whiston, Merseyside __knowledge__ Historically part of Lancashire, Whiston has close associations with neighbouring Prescot.", "Whiston, Merseyside __knowledge__ It gave its name to and formerly administered the Whiston Rural District which operated under the county of Lancashire from 1895 until 1974 when it ceased to exist upon local government boundary changes and the formation of the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Merseyside.", "Discography of the Resident Evil video game series __knowledge__ This is a discography for Resident Evil/Biohazard.", "Discography of the Resident Evil video game series __knowledge__ Resident Evil Orchestra, known as Biohazard Orchestra in Japan, is a recording of a concert that was held in Japan featuring orchestral arrangements of music from Resident Evil (1996), Resident Evil 2 (1998), and (1999) performed by the New Japan Philharmonic Orchestra.", "Discography of the Resident Evil video game series __knowledge__ The music was arranged by Kazunori Miyake.", "Discography of the Resident Evil video game series __knowledge__ The Biohazard Original Soundtrack Remix was composed by Makoto Tomozawa, Akari Kaida, and Masami Ueda for the video game \"Biohazard,\" known as Resident Evil outside Japan.", "Discography of the Resident Evil video game series __knowledge__ All compositions were rearranged by Makoto Tomozawa and mixed in QSound technology.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ An ice hockey stick is a piece of equipment used in ice hockey to shoot, pass, and carry the puck across the ice.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ Ice hockey sticks are approximately 150–200 cm long, composed of a long, slender shaft with a flat extension at one end called the blade.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ The blade is the part of the stick used to contact the puck, and is typically 25 to 40 cm long.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ Stick dimensions can vary widely, as they are usually built to suit a particular player's size and preference.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ The blade is positioned at roughly a 135° angle from the axis of the shaft, giving the stick a partly 'L-shaped' appearance.", "Ice hockey stick __knowledge__ The shaft of the stick is fairly rigid, but it has some flexibility to benefit some shots.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Greenside Mine (sometimes referred to as \"Greenside Lead Mine\") was a successful lead mine in the Lake District of England.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Between 1825 and 1961 the mine produced of lead and of silver, from around 2 million tons of ore. During the 1940s it was the largest producer of lead ore in the UK.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Unusually for a 19th-century metalliferous mine in Britain there are very full records of its activities, dating back to 1825.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ The mine probably opened during the second half of the 1700s but had closed by 1819.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ In 1825 the Greenside Mining Company was formed and reopened the mine.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ They made good profits until 1880, when the price of lead fell.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Star Trek: The Motion Picture is a 1979 American science fiction film directed by Robert Wise and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry, who also served as its producer.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the \"Star Trek\" film series, and stars the cast of the original television series.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ The film is set in the twenty-third century, when a mysterious and immensely powerful alien cloud known as V'Ger approaches Earth, destroying everything in its path.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Admiral James T. Kirk (William Shatner) assumes command of the recently refitted Starship USS \"Enterprise\", to lead it on a mission to save the planet and determine VGers origins." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The dogs were spread throughout the ancient world by Phoenician traders.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ British Molossian dogs were developed into the Mastiff.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ A sub-family of the Mastiff were the Bullenbeisser, a type of dog used for bull-baiting.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Blood sports such as bull-baiting were outlawed in England in 1835, leaving these \"Bulldogs\" unemployed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ However, they had been bred for non-sporting reasons since at least 1800, and so their use changed from a sporting breed to a companion breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ To reduce their size, some Bulldogs were crossed with terriers, while others were crossed with pugs.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ By 1850 the Toy Bulldog had become common in England, and appeared in conformation shows when they began around 1860.", "Tracey Ullman __knowledge__ Tracey Ullman (born 30 December 1959) is an English-born actress, comedian, singer, dancer, screenwriter, producer, director, author and businesswoman.", "Tracey Ullman __knowledge__ She holds both British and American citizenship.", "Tracey Ullman __knowledge__ Her earliest appearances were on British television sketch comedy shows \"A Kick Up the Eighties\" (with Rik Mayall and Miriam Margolyes) and \"Three of a Kind\" (with Lenny Henry and David Copperfield).", "Tracey Ullman __knowledge__ After a brief singing career, she appeared as Candice Valentine in \"Girls on Top\" with Dawn French and Jennifer Saunders.", "Tracey Ullman __knowledge__ She emigrated from the United Kingdom to the United States where she starred in her own network television comedy series, \"The Tracey Ullman Show\", from 1987 until 1990.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, army officer and writer, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ Over the course of his career as a Member of Parliament (MP), he represented five constituencies in both England and Scotland.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ During his time as Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to an allied victory in the Second World War.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ He was Conservative Party leader from 1940 to 1955.", "Winston Churchill __knowledge__ In 1953, Churchill won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his lifetime body of work, the prize cited \"his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Oliveira Viana __knowledge__ Francisco José de Oliveira Viana (June 20, 1883 – March 28, 1951) was a Brazilian professor, jurist, historian, sociologist, and an \"imortal\" of the \"Academia Brasileira de Letras.\"", "Oliveira Viana __knowledge__ Son of Francisco José de Oliveira Viana and Balbina Rosa de Azeredo, he studied at Carlos Alberto school, at Niterói, where he concluded the prep course, enrolling at Faculdade Livre de Direito, at Rio de Janeiro, which nowadays is the National Law College of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), where he graduated in 1906.", "Oliveira Viana __knowledge__ He soon got a chair in the Law College of Fluminense Federal University, in Niterói- then Rio de Janeiro´s capital city- as a teacher of Penal Process, in 1916.", "History of dog agility __knowledge__ The history of dog agility can be traced to a demonstration in the late 1970s in the United Kingdom.", "History of dog agility __knowledge__ It has since spread rapidly around the world, with major competitions held worldwide.", "History of dog agility __knowledge__ The first widely documented appearance of dog agility was as entertainment at the Crufts dog show in 1978.", "History of dog agility __knowledge__ John Varley, a committee member from the 1977 show, was tasked with coming up with entertainment for the audience between the obedience and conformation competitions in the main ring.", "History of dog agility __knowledge__ Varley asked dog trainer Peter Meanwell for assistance, and they presented a largely jumping-style course resembling something from the equestrian world to demonstrate dogs' natural speed and agility.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare.", "Beagle __knowledge__ With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is intelligent but single-minded.", "Beagle __knowledge__ It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ Cocker Spaniels are dogs belonging to two breeds of the spaniel dog type: the American Cocker Spaniel and the English Cocker Spaniel, both of which are commonly called simply \"Cocker Spaniel\" in their countries of origin.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, Cocker Spaniels also included small hunting Spaniels.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ Cocker Spaniels were originally bred as hunting dogs in the United Kingdom, with the term \"cocker\" deriving from their use to hunt the Eurasian woodcock.", "Cocker Spaniel __knowledge__ When the breed was brought to the United States, it was bred to a different standard, which enabled it to specialize in hunting the American woodcock.", "Fancy Crane __knowledge__ Fancy Crane is a fictional character on the NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and is portrayed by actress Emily Harper from the May 13, 2005 episode through the series finale.", "Fancy Crane __knowledge__ Following her debut, Fancy quickly becomes one of the soap's lead heroines — Harper appears in 209 out of the 254 episodes that aired in 2006, a feat surpassed only by Lindsay Hartley (Theresa).", "Fancy Crane __knowledge__ Introduced in the May 13, 2005 episode alongside fellow Harmonyite Noah Bennett in Las Vegas, Fancy is quickly characterized as a vain, spoiled celebutante comparable to Paris Hilton and is soon revealed to be one of the frequently mentioned but heretofore unseen daughters of Julian and Ivy Crane; she is also established to be the favorite granddaughter of billionaire villain Alistair Crane and is later revealed to be the sole heiress to his empire.", "List of most popular dog breeds __knowledge__ This article lists the most popular dog breeds by registrations.", "List of most popular dog breeds __knowledge__ Between 1915 and 1940, American Kennel Club statistics were collected on a five-year basis instead of every year.", "List of most popular dog breeds __knowledge__ These figures show that between 1905 and 1935, the Boston Terrier was consistently in either first or second place.", "List of most popular dog breeds __knowledge__ In 1925, following the popularity of Rin Tin Tin, the German Shepherd displaced the Terrier as the top dog.", "List of most popular dog breeds __knowledge__ American Cocker Spaniels then led the way as the most popular dog from 1936 all the way through to 1952, when the Beagle became the number one dog until 1959.", "List of most popular dog breeds __knowledge__ Poodles would become the most popular breed for the longest, reigning from 1960 for the next twenty-two years until 1982, when the American Cocker Spaniel fought back to take over until 1990.", "Red Dog (novel) __knowledge__ Red Dog (2002) is a short novel by Louis de Bernières charting the life of a popular dog, a \"Red Cloud Kelpie\" nicknamed Red Dog, in Karratha, Western Australia.", "Red Dog (novel) __knowledge__ A movie based on the novel was filmed in Australia in 2011.", "Red Dog (novel) __knowledge__ Red Dog covers the life span of a Red Cloud Kelpie, originally named Tally Ho.", "Red Dog (novel) __knowledge__ He is said to have \"hitched rides, adopted people and united communities throughout Western Australia's mining region.\"", "Red Dog (novel) __knowledge__ His owners are Jack and Maureen Collins.", "Red Dog (novel) __knowledge__ At a barbecue, Tally Ho doesn't return to the owners after they leave, and he starts traveling.", "Red Dog (novel) __knowledge__ Red Dog meets John, a half Māori man, at the Hamersley Iron Transport section after a salt company has moved in.", "Luis Lopez-Fitzgerald __knowledge__ Luis Lopez-Fitzgerald is a fictional character on the NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\", portrayed from 1999 to 2008 by original cast member Galen Gering.", "Luis Lopez-Fitzgerald __knowledge__ Debuting in the series' premiere episode, Luis is introduced as an honest, hard-working Irish-Mexican police officer who bitterly blames the wealthy Crane family for his father and elder brother's disappearances.", "Luis Lopez-Fitzgerald __knowledge__ Luis is forced to re-examine his prejudice against the Cranes, however, when he falls in love with the beautiful but willful Sheridan Crane.", "Luis Lopez-Fitzgerald __knowledge__ Luis and Sheridan's love-hate relationship made the pairing one of the soap's leading supercouples, along with Ethan Winthrop and Theresa Lopez-Fitzgerald, early in its run.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The Boxer is a medium-sized, short-haired breed of dog, developed in Germany.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The coat is smooth and tight-fitting; colours are fawn or brindled, with or without white markings, and white.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ Boxers are brachycephalic (they have broad, short skulls), have a square muzzle, mandibular prognathism (an underbite), very strong jaws, and a powerful bite ideal for hanging on to large prey.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The Boxer was bred from the Old English Bulldog and the now extinct Bullenbeisser which became extinct by crossbreeding rather than by a decadence of the breed.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The purpose of the crossbreeding was the wish to eliminate the excessive white color of the breed, and the necessity of producing thousands of dogs for one of the most popular breeds in the world." ] ]

[ 6, 5, 4, 8 ]

[ "Don't they cost like 3,000-7,000 dollars?", "what makes them on the higher side price wise?", "they were rated as the third most popular dog in australia, they must be fancy over there!", "they used to be spread around the world by phoenician traders actually!" ]

[ "French Bulldog", "French Bulldog", "French Bulldog", "French Bulldog" ]

[ "Radiohead\nWhat do you think is the best Radiohead album?", "Which album came after that?", "What was their most recent album release?", "Was Amnesiac critically acclaimed?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead are an English rock band from Abingdon, Oxfordshire, formed in 1985.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The band consists of Thom Yorke (vocals, guitar, piano, keyboards), Ed O'Brien (guitar, backing vocals), Phil Selway (drums, percussion, backing vocals), and brothers Jonny Greenwood (lead guitar, keyboards, other instruments) and Colin Greenwood (bass).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ They have worked with producer Nigel Godrich and cover artist Stanley Donwood since 1994.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ After signing to EMI in 1991, Radiohead released their debut single \"Creep\" in 1992.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ It became a worldwide hit after the release of their debut album, \"Pablo Honey\" (1993).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Their popularity and critical standing rose in the United Kingdom with the release of their second album, \"The Bends\" (1995).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead's third album, \"OK Computer\" (1997), propelled them to international fame; noted for its complex production and themes of modern alienation, it is often acclaimed as a landmark record of the 1990s and one of the best albums in popular music.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The group's next albums \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), recorded simultaneously, marked a dramatic change in style, incorporating influences from experimental electronic music, 20th-century classical music, krautrock, and jazz.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ Hail to the Thief is the sixth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead, released on 9 June 2003 by Parlophone Records.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ It was produced by longtime Radiohead collaborator Nigel Godrich in Los Angeles.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ To avoid the protracted recording sessions of their previous albums, \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), Radiohead recorded \"Hail to the Thief\" quickly, focusing on recording live takes rather than overdubs.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ Songwriter Thom Yorke wrote many of the lyrics in response to the War on Terror and the resurgence of right-wing politics in the west at the turn of the millennium.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ Despite a high-profile internet leak ten weeks before release, \"Hail to the Thief\" debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and number three on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, and was certified platinum in the UK, US and Canada.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ Thomas Edward Yorke (born 7 October 1968) is an English musician and composer best known as the singer and principal songwriter of the alternative rock band Radiohead.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ A multi-instrumentalist, Yorke mainly plays guitar and piano and works extensively with synthesisers, sequencers and programming.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ He is known for his falsetto vocals; in 2008, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked him the 66th greatest singer of all time.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ Yorke was born in 1968 in Northamptonshire.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ His family moved often before settling in Oxfordshire, where Yorke attended Abingdon School and formed Radiohead with his schoolmates.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ After he graduated from the University of Exeter, Radiohead signed to Parlophone; their early hit \"Creep\" made Yorke a celebrity, and Radiohead have gone on to achieve critical acclaim and sales of over 30 million albums.", "A Moon Shaped Pool __knowledge__ A Moon Shaped Pool is the ninth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead, released digitally on 8 May 2016.", "A Moon Shaped Pool __knowledge__ CD and LP releases followed in June 2016 through XL Recordings.", "A Moon Shaped Pool __knowledge__ Radiohead recorded \"A Moon Shaped Pool\" in southern France with longtime producer Nigel Godrich.", "A Moon Shaped Pool __knowledge__ It features strings and choral vocals arranged by Radiohead guitarist Jonny Greenwood and performed by the London Contemporary Orchestra, and additional drumming from Clive Deamer, who performed with Radiohead on their 2012 \"King of Limbs\" tour.", "A Moon Shaped Pool __knowledge__ The artwork was created by singer Thom Yorke with longtime Radiohead collaborator Stanley Donwood, who created abstract works by leaving the canvases outside and allowing the weather to affect the paint.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "In Rainbows __knowledge__ In Rainbows is the seventh studio album by English rock band Radiohead, self-released on 10 October 2007 as a pay-what-you-want download.", "In Rainbows __knowledge__ It was followed by a physical release internationally by XL Recordings on 3 December 2007 and in the United States on 1 January 2008 by TBD Records.", "In Rainbows __knowledge__ It was Radiohead's first release after their recording contract with EMI ended with their previous album \"Hail to the Thief\" (2003).", "In Rainbows __knowledge__ Radiohead worked on \"In Rainbows\" for more than two years, beginning in early 2005.", "In Rainbows __knowledge__ In mid-2006, after their initial recording sessions with new producer Spike Stent proved fruitless, the band toured Europe and North America performing \"In Rainbows\" material before re-enlisting their longtime producer Nigel Godrich.", "Jonny Greenwood __knowledge__ Jonathan Richard Guy Greenwood (born 5 November 1971) is an English musician and the lead guitarist and keyboardist of the alternative rock band Radiohead.", "Jonny Greenwood __knowledge__ A multi-instrumentalist, Greenwood also plays instruments including the bass guitar, piano, viola, and drums, and is a prominent player of the ondes Martenot, an early electronic instrument.", "Jonny Greenwood __knowledge__ He works with electronic techniques such as programming, sampling and looping, and writes music software used by Radiohead.", "Jonny Greenwood __knowledge__ He described his role in the band as an arranger, helping to transform Thom Yorke's demos into full songs.", "Jonny Greenwood __knowledge__ He has been named one of the greatest guitarists of all time by several publications." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead are an English rock band from Abingdon, Oxfordshire, formed in 1985.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The band consists of Thom Yorke (vocals, guitar, piano, keyboards), Ed O'Brien (guitar, backing vocals), Phil Selway (drums, percussion, backing vocals), and brothers Jonny Greenwood (lead guitar, keyboards, other instruments) and Colin Greenwood (bass).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ They have worked with producer Nigel Godrich and cover artist Stanley Donwood since 1994.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ After signing to EMI in 1991, Radiohead released their debut single \"Creep\" in 1992.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ It became a worldwide hit after the release of their debut album, \"Pablo Honey\" (1993).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Their popularity and critical standing rose in the United Kingdom with the release of their second album, \"The Bends\" (1995).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead's third album, \"OK Computer\" (1997), propelled them to international fame; noted for its complex production and themes of modern alienation, it is often acclaimed as a landmark record of the 1990s and one of the best albums in popular music.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The group's next albums \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), recorded simultaneously, marked a dramatic change in style, incorporating influences from experimental electronic music, 20th-century classical music, krautrock, and jazz.", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ Da Youngsta's were a rap group from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that consisted of brothers Taji \"Taj Mahal\" Goodman (born February 1977) and Qu'ran \"Q-Ball\" Goodman (born March 1978); and their cousin Tarik \"Reek Geez\" Dawson (born February 1976).", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ The group released four albums in four years, experiencing its greatest success with 1993's \"The Aftermath\".", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ In 1991, an upcoming 19-year old Philadelphia rapper named Emanuel \"Mentally Gifted\" Parks of The Hill-Top Hustlers was working on some songs for a possible project, one of his tracks that he was working on was called \"Somethin 4 Da Youngstas\".", "Da Youngsta's __knowledge__ Parks felt the song needed a more younger vibe, so he asked his producer's (Lawrence L.G Goodman) son, Qu'ran (13), to join the song, later Taji (14) joined then Tarik (15) joined, Parks was so impressed with the song, he let them have it as their demo, thus Da Youngsta was born.", "Marching for Liberty __knowledge__ Marching for Liberty is the third studio album by Hungarian heavy metal band Wisdom, released on September 27, 2013, through Noise Art Records.", "Marching for Liberty __knowledge__ The album came out in Hungary one week later through Nail Records.", "Marching for Liberty __knowledge__ Several international record labels became interested in Wisdom after \"Judas\" was released in Hungary.", "Marching for Liberty __knowledge__ Serious negotiations got started with the Austrian Noise Art Records and the German AFM Records.", "Marching for Liberty __knowledge__ After all in January 2012 Wisdom signed to Noise Art Records, which cooperated with one of the world’s biggest concert organizer office called Rock The Nation.", "Marching for Liberty __knowledge__ Results: Rock The Nation sent the band for a European tour which began in September 2012 and lasted for months.", "Mark Lanegan __knowledge__ Mark William Lanegan (born November 25, 1964) is an American alternative rock musician and singer-songwriter.", "Mark Lanegan __knowledge__ Born and raised in Ellensburg, Washington, Lanegan began his musical career in 1984, forming the grunge band Screaming Trees with Gary Lee Conner, Van Conner and Mark Pickerel.", "Mark Lanegan __knowledge__ During his time in the band, Lanegan also started a low-key solo career and released his first solo studio album, \"The Winding Sheet\", in 1990.", "Mark Lanegan __knowledge__ Since 1990, he has released a further nine (solo) studio albums, as well as several collaborative efforts, and has received critical recognition and moderate commercial success.", "Calexico (band) __knowledge__ Calexico is a Tucson, Arizona-based Americana, Tex-Mex, indie rock band.", "Calexico (band) __knowledge__ The band's two main members, Joey Burns and John Convertino, first played together in Los Angeles as part of the group Giant Sand.", "Calexico (band) __knowledge__ They have recorded a number of albums on Quarterstick Records, while their 2005 EP \"In the Reins\" recorded with Iron & Wine has reached the Billboard 200 album charts.", "Calexico (band) __knowledge__ Their musical style is influenced by traditional Latin sounds of mariachi, conjunto, cumbia, tejano, as well as country, jazz, and post-rock.", "Calexico (band) __knowledge__ The band has been described by some as \"desert noir\", and is named for the border town of Calexico, California.", "Marillion __knowledge__ Marillion are a British rock band, formed in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, in 1979.", "Marillion __knowledge__ They emerged from the post-punk music scene in Britain and existed as a bridge between the styles of punk rock and classic progressive rock, becoming the most commercially successful neo-progressive rock band of the 1980s.", "Marillion __knowledge__ Marillion's recorded studio output since 1982 is composed of eighteen albums, generally regarded in two distinct eras, delineated by the departure of original lead singer Fish in late 1988 and the subsequent arrival of replacement Steve Hogarth in early 1989.", "Marillion __knowledge__ The band achieved eight Top Ten UK albums between 1983 and 1994, including a number one album in 1985 with \"Misplaced Childhood\", and during the period the band were fronted by Fish they scored eleven Top 40 hits on the UK Singles Chart.", "Ralph McTell __knowledge__ Ralph McTell (born Ralph May, 3 December 1944) is an English singer-songwriter and acoustic guitar player who has been an influential figure on the UK folk music scene since the 1960s.", "Ralph McTell __knowledge__ McTell is best known for his song \"Streets of London\", which has been covered by over two hundred artists around the world, and for his tale of Irish emigration, \"From Clare to Here\".", "Ralph McTell __knowledge__ In the 1980s he wrote and played songs for two TV children's programmes, \"Alphabet Zoo\", which also featured Nerys Hughes, followed by \"Tickle on the Tum\", featuring Jacqueline Reddin.", "Ralph McTell __knowledge__ Albums were also released from both series.", "Ralph McTell __knowledge__ He also recorded Keith Hopwood's and Malcolm Rowe's theme song to Cosgrove Hall's adaptation of \"The Wind in the Willows\", and this was released as a single in 1984 after the series was aired on ITV.", "Make Believe (Weezer album) __knowledge__ Make Believe is the fifth studio album by American rock band Weezer, released on May 10, 2005 by Geffen Records.", "Make Believe (Weezer album) __knowledge__ The album was considered to be a return to some of the emotionally vulnerable lyrics of Weezer's previous releases, and due to the strength of the hit single \"Beverly Hills\", the album was a commercial success.", "Make Believe (Weezer album) __knowledge__ In addition, \"Beverly Hills\" also gained Weezer's first Grammy nomination for Best Rock Song.", "Make Believe (Weezer album) __knowledge__ Despite this, \"Make Believe\" received mixed reviews from critics and fans, although it has remained a consistent seller.", "Make Believe (Weezer album) __knowledge__ The recording process of \"Make Believe\" began prior to the release of their previous album, \"Maladroit\"; however, it was prolonged compared to the recording of most of Weezer's previous albums, and lasted for almost three years.", "Pablo Honey __knowledge__ Pablo Honey is the debut studio album by the English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 22 February 1993 by Parlophone Records in the United Kingdom and by Capitol Records in the United States.", "Pablo Honey __knowledge__ The album was produced by Sean Slade and Paul Q. Kolderie, and was recorded at Chipping Norton Recording Studios and Courtyard Studio in Sutton Courtenay, Oxfordshire, England from September to November 1992.", "Pablo Honey __knowledge__ The album's title comes from a Jerky Boys prank call skit in which the prank caller says to his victim, \"Pablo, honey?", "Pablo Honey __knowledge__ Please come to Florida!\"", "Pablo Honey __knowledge__ This is sampled on the song \"How Do You?\"", "Pablo Honey __knowledge__ which is the third track on the album.", "Radiohead live performances __knowledge__ Radiohead, an alternative rock band from Abingdon, Oxfordshire, have had concerts and other live performances in Europe, North America, Australia, Asia and South America.", "Radiohead live performances __knowledge__ The band's line-up has been constant since its founding, consisting of Thom Yorke (vocals and guitar), Jonny Greenwood (guitar), Ed O'Brien (guitar), Colin Greenwood (bass guitar), and Phil Selway (drums).", "Radiohead live performances __knowledge__ The role that each band member plays during performances has changed dramatically throughout the band's history.", "Radiohead live performances __knowledge__ Radiohead formed under the name On a Friday in 1986 and performed local shows in the Oxford area under this name until 1991.", "The Bends __knowledge__ The Bends is the second studio album by the English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 13 March 1995 by Parlophone Records in the United Kingdom and by Capitol Records in the United States.", "The Bends __knowledge__ The album was produced by John Leckie and engineered by Nigel Godrich, who would go on to co-produce all future albums by the band.", "The Bends __knowledge__ It also marked the band's first full collaboration with graphic designer Stanley Donwood, who with Yorke experimented with snapshots taken from videocassette recordings, and the two would go on to produce all the band's subsequent artwork and visual imagery.", "The Bends __knowledge__ \"The Bends\" marked the beginning of a shift in aesthetics and themes for the band, with greater use of keyboards and more abrasive guitar tracks, while balancing them with subtler ones.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ Thomas Edward Yorke (born 7 October 1968) is an English musician and composer best known as the singer and principal songwriter of the alternative rock band Radiohead.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ A multi-instrumentalist, Yorke mainly plays guitar and piano and works extensively with synthesisers, sequencers and programming.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ He is known for his falsetto vocals; in 2008, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked him the 66th greatest singer of all time.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ Yorke was born in 1968 in Northamptonshire.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ His family moved often before settling in Oxfordshire, where Yorke attended Abingdon School and formed Radiohead with his schoolmates.", "Thom Yorke __knowledge__ After he graduated from the University of Exeter, Radiohead signed to Parlophone; their early hit \"Creep\" made Yorke a celebrity, and Radiohead have gone on to achieve critical acclaim and sales of over 30 million albums.", "Creep (Radiohead song) __knowledge__ \"Creep\" is a song by the English alternative rock band Radiohead, released as their debut single in 1992; it appeared on their first album, \"Pablo Honey\" (1993).", "Creep (Radiohead song) __knowledge__ \"Creep\" was not initially a chart success, but became a worldwide hit after being rereleased in 1993.", "Creep (Radiohead song) __knowledge__ Radiohead grew tired of it in later years, and refused to perform it for a period.", "Creep (Radiohead song) __knowledge__ It is included in the \"\" compilation album.", "Creep (Radiohead song) __knowledge__ According to Radiohead bassist Colin Greenwood, singer Thom Yorke wrote \"Creep\" while studying at Exeter University in the late 1980s.", "Creep (Radiohead song) __knowledge__ Guitarist Jonny Greenwood said that the song was inspired by a girl that Yorke had followed around and who unexpectedly attended a Radiohead performance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead are an English rock band from Abingdon, Oxfordshire, formed in 1985.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The band consists of Thom Yorke (vocals, guitar, piano, keyboards), Ed O'Brien (guitar, backing vocals), Phil Selway (drums, percussion, backing vocals), and brothers Jonny Greenwood (lead guitar, keyboards, other instruments) and Colin Greenwood (bass).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ They have worked with producer Nigel Godrich and cover artist Stanley Donwood since 1994.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ After signing to EMI in 1991, Radiohead released their debut single \"Creep\" in 1992.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ It became a worldwide hit after the release of their debut album, \"Pablo Honey\" (1993).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Their popularity and critical standing rose in the United Kingdom with the release of their second album, \"The Bends\" (1995).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead's third album, \"OK Computer\" (1997), propelled them to international fame; noted for its complex production and themes of modern alienation, it is often acclaimed as a landmark record of the 1990s and one of the best albums in popular music.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The group's next albums \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), recorded simultaneously, marked a dramatic change in style, incorporating influences from experimental electronic music, 20th-century classical music, krautrock, and jazz.", "Kate Bush __knowledge__ Catherine \"Kate\" Bush, CBE (born 30 July 1958) is an English singer-songwriter, musician and record producer.", "Kate Bush __knowledge__ Bush first came to note in 1978 when, aged 19, she topped the UK Singles Chart for four weeks with her debut single \"Wuthering Heights\", becoming the first female artist to achieve a UK number one with a self-written song.", "Kate Bush __knowledge__ She has since released twenty-five UK Top 40 singles, including the top-ten hits \"The Man with the Child in His Eyes\", \"Babooshka\", \"Running Up That Hill\", \"Don't Give Up\" (a duet with Peter Gabriel) and \"King of the Mountain\".", "Kate Bush __knowledge__ She has released ten studio albums, all of which reached the UK Top 10, including the UK number-one albums \"Never for Ever\" (1980), \"Hounds of Love\" (1985), and the compilation \"The Whole Story\" (1986).", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Riblja Čorba __knowledge__ Riblja Čorba (Serbian Cyrillic: Рибља Чорба, pronounced ; translation: \"Fish Stew\") is a Serbian and Yugoslav rock band from Belgrade.", "Riblja Čorba __knowledge__ The band was one of the most popular and most influential acts of the Yugoslav rock scene.", "Riblja Čorba __knowledge__ Riblja Čorba was formed in 1978 by vocalist Bora Đorđević, guitarist Rajko Kojić, bass guitarist Miša Aleksić and drummer Vicko Milatović.", "Riblja Čorba __knowledge__ Their debut release, the single \"Lutka sa naslovne strane\" (1978), saw huge success and launched them to fame.", "Riblja Čorba __knowledge__ They were soon joined by guitarist Momčilo Bajagić \"Bajaga\", the new lineup releasing the album \"Kost u grlu\" (1979), which was, largely due to Đorđević's social-related lyrics, a huge commercial and critical success.", "The Kooks __knowledge__ The Kooks are an English pop rock band formed in 2004 in Brighton.", "The Kooks __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Luke Pritchard (vocals/rhythm guitar), Hugh Harris (lead guitar/synth), Alexis Nunez (drums), and Peter Denton (bass guitar).", "The Kooks __knowledge__ The original bassist was Max Rafferty, and the founding drummer was Paul Garred.", "The Kooks __knowledge__ The lineup of the band remained constant until the departure of Rafferty in 2008.", "The Kooks __knowledge__ Dan Logan served as a temporary replacement, until Peter Denton joined the band permanently in October 2008.", "The Kooks __knowledge__ Early in 2010, Pritchard announced the departure of drummer Paul Garred, due to a nerve problem in his arm.", "Watain __knowledge__ Watain are a Swedish black metal band from Uppsala, formed in 1998.", "Watain __knowledge__ The band's name is taken from an early recording by the American black metal group Von.", "Watain __knowledge__ The band have become infamous for their Theistic Satanist views and for their live shows which involve pyrotechnics, candles, Satanic rituals, animal carcasses, and blood.", "Watain __knowledge__ At a now-notorious live performance in Brooklyn in 2014 they doused audience members in animal blood, allegedly causing members of the audience to vomit.", "Watain __knowledge__ This was picked up and publicised by TMZ, generating controversy around the incident.", "Watain __knowledge__ To date they have released six full-length albums, as well as three live albums and a number of demos and EPs.", "I Go to Pieces __knowledge__ \"I Go to Pieces\" is a song written by Del Shannon which became a Top Ten hit for Peter and Gordon in 1965.", "I Go to Pieces __knowledge__ Del Shannon had written \"I Go to Pieces\" for an R&B singer named Lloyd Brown whom Shannon discovered at a Michigan nightclub.", "I Go to Pieces __knowledge__ Shannon arranged and produced Brown's recording but was unable to find a label interested in releasing the track.", "I Go to Pieces __knowledge__ Shannon did attempt to himself record \"I Go to Pieces\" in the August 1964 session at Mira Sound Studios NYC, which yielded Shannon's single \"Do You Wanna Dance\" and its B-side \"This is All I Have to Give\".", "I Go to Pieces __knowledge__ However Shannon was unable to cut a satisfactory vocal of \"I Go to Pieces\" before the three hours booked for the session ran out.", "Dave Matthews Band __knowledge__ Dave Matthews Band, also known by the initialism DMB, is an American rock band that was formed in Charlottesville, Virginia in 1991.", "Dave Matthews Band __knowledge__ The founding members were singer-songwriter and guitarist Dave Matthews, bassist Stefan Lessard, drummer and backing vocalist Carter Beauford, and saxophonist LeRoi Moore.", "Dave Matthews Band __knowledge__ Boyd Tinsley joined the band as a violinist soon after the band was formed.", "Dave Matthews Band __knowledge__ Moore died suddenly in August 2008 due to complications from injuries sustained in an ATV accident.", "Dave Matthews Band __knowledge__ Grammy Award winner Jeff Coffin (of Béla Fleck and the Flecktones) has since filled Moore's spot as the band's saxophonist; trumpeter Rashawn Ross and guitarist Tim Reynolds have also become full-time members of the band.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "The Bends __knowledge__ The Bends is the second studio album by the English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 13 March 1995 by Parlophone Records in the United Kingdom and by Capitol Records in the United States.", "The Bends __knowledge__ The album was produced by John Leckie and engineered by Nigel Godrich, who would go on to co-produce all future albums by the band.", "The Bends __knowledge__ It also marked the band's first full collaboration with graphic designer Stanley Donwood, who with Yorke experimented with snapshots taken from videocassette recordings, and the two would go on to produce all the band's subsequent artwork and visual imagery.", "The Bends __knowledge__ \"The Bends\" marked the beginning of a shift in aesthetics and themes for the band, with greater use of keyboards and more abrasive guitar tracks, while balancing them with subtler ones.", "The Get Up Kids __knowledge__ The Get Up Kids are an American rock band from Kansas City, Missouri.", "The Get Up Kids __knowledge__ Formed in 1995, the band was a major player in the mid-1990s emo scene, otherwise known as the \"\" of emo music.", "The Get Up Kids __knowledge__ As they gained prominence, they began touring with bands such as Green Day and Weezer before becoming headliners themselves, eventually embarking on international tours of Japan and Europe.", "The Get Up Kids __knowledge__ They founded Heroes & Villains Records, an imprint of the successful indie rock label Vagrant Records.", "The Get Up Kids __knowledge__ While the imprint was started to release albums by The Get Up Kids, it served as a launching pad for several side-projects such as The New Amsterdams and Reggie and the Full Effect.", "Super Junior __knowledge__ Super Junior (; \"Syupeo Junieo\"), also known as simply SJ or SUJU, is a South Korean boy band.", "Super Junior __knowledge__ Formed in 2005 by producer Lee Soo-man of S.M.", "Super Junior __knowledge__ Entertainment, the group comprised a total of thirteen members at its peak.", "Super Junior __knowledge__ Super Junior originally debuted with twelve members, consisting of leader Leeteuk, Heechul, Hangeng, Yesung, Kangin, Shindong, Sungmin, Eunhyuk, Siwon, Donghae, Ryeowook and Kibum.", "Super Junior __knowledge__ Kyuhyun joined the group in 2006.", "Super Junior __knowledge__ Super Junior launched into international recognition following the release of their best-selling single \"Sorry, Sorry\" in 2009, the title song of their most critically successful album, \"Sorry, Sorry\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead are an English rock band from Abingdon, Oxfordshire, formed in 1985.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The band consists of Thom Yorke (vocals, guitar, piano, keyboards), Ed O'Brien (guitar, backing vocals), Phil Selway (drums, percussion, backing vocals), and brothers Jonny Greenwood (lead guitar, keyboards, other instruments) and Colin Greenwood (bass).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ They have worked with producer Nigel Godrich and cover artist Stanley Donwood since 1994.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ After signing to EMI in 1991, Radiohead released their debut single \"Creep\" in 1992.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ It became a worldwide hit after the release of their debut album, \"Pablo Honey\" (1993).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Their popularity and critical standing rose in the United Kingdom with the release of their second album, \"The Bends\" (1995).", "Radiohead __knowledge__ Radiohead's third album, \"OK Computer\" (1997), propelled them to international fame; noted for its complex production and themes of modern alienation, it is often acclaimed as a landmark record of the 1990s and one of the best albums in popular music.", "Radiohead __knowledge__ The group's next albums \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), recorded simultaneously, marked a dramatic change in style, incorporating influences from experimental electronic music, 20th-century classical music, krautrock, and jazz.", "Amnesiac (album) __knowledge__ Amnesiac is the fifth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead, released on 5 June 2001 by Parlophone Records in the United Kingdom and a day later by Capitol Records in the United States.", "Amnesiac (album) __knowledge__ Recorded during the same sessions for the band's previous album \"Kid A\" (2000) with producer Nigel Godrich, the album incorporates similar influences of electronic music, 20th century classical music, jazz and krautrock.", "Amnesiac (album) __knowledge__ Singer Thom Yorke described it as \"another take on \"Kid A\", a form of explanation.\"", "Amnesiac (album) __knowledge__ Its lyrics and artwork explore themes influenced by memory and reincarnation, with influences from ancient Greek and Egyptian mythology.", "Juliette Binoche __knowledge__ Juliette Binoche (; born 9 March 1964) is a French actress, artist and dancer.", "Juliette Binoche __knowledge__ She has appeared in more than 60 feature films, been the recipient of numerous international awards, and has appeared on stage and in movies across the world.", "Juliette Binoche __knowledge__ Coming from an artistic background, she began taking acting lessons during adolescence.", "Juliette Binoche __knowledge__ After performing in several stage productions, she began acting in films by auteur directors Jean-Luc Godard (\"Hail Mary\", 1985), Jacques Doillon (\"Family Life\", 1985) and André Téchiné, who made her a star in France with the leading role in his 1985 drama \"Rendez-vous\".", "Juliette Binoche __knowledge__ Her sensual performance in her English-language debut \"The Unbearable Lightness of Being\" (1988), directed by Philip Kaufman, launched her international career.", "Jerry Goldsmith __knowledge__ Jerrald King \"Jerry\" Goldsmith (February 10, 1929July 21, 2004) was an American composer and conductor most known for his work in film and television scoring.", "Jerry Goldsmith __knowledge__ He composed scores for such noteworthy films as \"\" and four more other \"Star Trek\" movies within the franchise, \"The Sand Pebbles\", \"Logan's Run\", \"Planet of the Apes\", \"Patton\", \"Papillon\", \"Chinatown\", \"The Wind and the Lion\", \"The Omen\", \"The Boys from Brazil\", \"Capricorn One\", \"Alien\", \"Outland\", \"Poltergeist\", \"The Secret of NIMH\", \"Gremlins\", \"Hoosiers\", \"Total Recall\", \"Basic Instinct\", \"Rudy\", \"Air Force One\", \"L.A.", "Jerry Goldsmith __knowledge__ Confidential\", \"Mulan\", \"The Mummy\", three \"Rambo\" films, \"Explorers\".", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ Hail to the Thief is the sixth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead, released on 9 June 2003 by Parlophone Records.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ It was produced by longtime Radiohead collaborator Nigel Godrich in Los Angeles.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ To avoid the protracted recording sessions of their previous albums, \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), Radiohead recorded \"Hail to the Thief\" quickly, focusing on recording live takes rather than overdubs.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ Songwriter Thom Yorke wrote many of the lyrics in response to the War on Terror and the resurgence of right-wing politics in the west at the turn of the millennium.", "Hail to the Thief __knowledge__ Despite a high-profile internet leak ten weeks before release, \"Hail to the Thief\" debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and number three on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, and was certified platinum in the UK, US and Canada.", "Amnesiac gene __knowledge__ The amnesiac (amn) gene in \"Drosophila\" is a mutant suppressor of the \"dunce gene\".", "Amnesiac gene __knowledge__ The gene produces a neuropeptide.", "Amnesiac gene __knowledge__ By suppressing \"dunce\" through mutagenesis, the \"amnesiac\" gene plays a role in reproduction of \"Drosophila\" because \"dunce\" is the sterility gene.", "Amnesiac gene __knowledge__ This molecule has similar peptides to pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).", "Amnesiac gene __knowledge__ The biological role of \"amnesiac\" gene is activating the adenyl cyclase second messenger pathway (cAMP) involved in its memory retrieval through these two peptides.", "Amnesiac gene __knowledge__ The sensory and motor capabilities of \"amnesiac\" are normal, but it is memory retrieval that is affected, not storage.", "Kid A __knowledge__ Kid A is the fourth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead, released on 2 October 2000 by Parlophone.", "Kid A __knowledge__ After having suffered a mental breakdown promoting Radiohead's acclaimed 1997 album \"OK Computer\", songwriter Thom Yorke envisioned a radical change in direction.", "Kid A __knowledge__ The band replaced their rock sound with synthesisers, drum machines, the ondes Martenot, string orchestras and brass instruments, and incorporated influences from electronic music, krautrock, jazz, and 20th-century classical music.", "Kid A __knowledge__ They recorded \"Kid A\" with \"OK Computer\" producer Nigel Godrich in Paris, Copenhagen, Gloucestershire and their hometown Oxford, England.", "True Love Waits (song) __knowledge__ \"True Love Waits\" is a song by the English alternative rock band Radiohead.", "True Love Waits (song) __knowledge__ Its lyrics address love, ageing, and abandonment.", "True Love Waits (song) __knowledge__ Radiohead first performed \"True Love Waits\" in 1995, and singer Thom Yorke performed it alone on acoustic guitar or Rhodes piano numerous times in the following years.", "True Love Waits (song) __knowledge__ The band and their producer Nigel Godrich attempted to record it for their albums \"OK Computer\" (1997), \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), but struggled to find an arrangement that satisfied them, and it became one of their best-known unreleased songs.", "True Love Waits (song) __knowledge__ A live recording of \"True Love Waits\" from the \"Amnesiac\" tour was released on \"\" (2001)." ] ]

[ 5, 6, 8, 8 ]

[ "I am not familiar with Radiohead but I know their debut album was Pablo Honey and it was released in 1993.", "Their second album was titled \"The Bends\" and they gained in popularity around this time.", "I believe their last album was Amnesiac which was released in 2001.", "Amnesiac was very different from earlier recordings and was dramatically different in style." ]

[ "Radiohead", "Radiohead", "Radiohead", "Radiohead" ]

[ "The Lord of the Rings", "I think it is! They are very popular. So many people love them. ", "I think it would be very similar but I cannot say for sure. It is very long, though so you will want to commit to it. If you really liked the movie, I think it will be worthwhile. ", "That is mind-boggling when you think of it - that so many people have read it. But it is definitely a good endorsement! " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel written by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel \"The Hobbit\", but eventually developed into a much larger work.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, \"The Lord of the Rings\" is one of the best-selling novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The title of the novel refers to the story's main antagonist, the Dark Lord Sauron, who had in an earlier age created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-earth.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ From quiet beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land not unlike the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the course of the War of the Ring through the eyes of its characters, not only the hobbits Frodo Baggins, Samwise \"Sam\" Gamgee, Meriadoc \"Merry\" Brandybuck and Peregrin \"Pippin\" Took, but also the hobbits' chief allies and travelling companions: the Men Aragorn son of Arathorn, a Ranger of the North, and Boromir, a Captain of Gondor; Gimli son of Glóin, a Dwarf warrior; Legolas Greenleaf, an Elven prince; and Gandalf, a Wizard.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set, the other to be \"The Silmarillion\", but this idea was dismissed by his publisher." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel written by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel \"The Hobbit\", but eventually developed into a much larger work.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, \"The Lord of the Rings\" is one of the best-selling novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The title of the novel refers to the story's main antagonist, the Dark Lord Sauron, who had in an earlier age created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-earth.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ From quiet beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land not unlike the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the course of the War of the Ring through the eyes of its characters, not only the hobbits Frodo Baggins, Samwise \"Sam\" Gamgee, Meriadoc \"Merry\" Brandybuck and Peregrin \"Pippin\" Took, but also the hobbits' chief allies and travelling companions: the Men Aragorn son of Arathorn, a Ranger of the North, and Boromir, a Captain of Gondor; Gimli son of Glóin, a Dwarf warrior; Legolas Greenleaf, an Elven prince; and Gandalf, a Wizard.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set, the other to be \"The Silmarillion\", but this idea was dismissed by his publisher.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Lexa is a fictional character from the American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series \"The 100\", produced by The CW.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The recurring television character (portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey) does not appear in the books on which the series is based.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The commander of the allied Grounder clans, Lexa is proven to be a reasonable leader and strong warrior.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ She considers love a weakness, a view significantly impacted by the death of her girlfriend, Costia.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Though she starts to show romantic feelings for Clarke Griffin (leader of the Sky People) and takes Clarke's views into consideration, Lexa puts her people first, even at the expense of losing Clarke's trust.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "Laura Bush __knowledge__ Laura Lane Welch Bush (born November 4, 1946) is the wife of the 43rd President of the United States, George W. Bush, and was the First Lady from 2001 to 2009.", "Laura Bush __knowledge__ Bush graduated from Southern Methodist University in 1968 with a bachelor's degree in education, and took a job as a second grade teacher.", "Laura Bush __knowledge__ After attaining her master's degree in library science at the University of Texas at Austin, she was employed as a librarian.", "Laura Bush __knowledge__ Bush met her future husband, George W. Bush, in 1977, and they were married later that year.", "Laura Bush __knowledge__ The couple had twin daughters in 1981.", "Laura Bush __knowledge__ Bush's political involvement began during her marriage.", "Green brothers __knowledge__ The Green brothers, John (born August 24, 1977) and Hank (born May 5, 1980), are two American brothers, entrepreneurs, social activists, and YouTube vloggers.", "Green brothers __knowledge__ The two extensively work with each other in their lives and careers, having started their collaborative popularity with their \"Brotherhood 2.0\" project in 2007.", "Green brothers __knowledge__ The Greens' portfolio of online work, which Hank describes as \"a small YouTube network with about 15 channels,\" includes their main \"Vlogbrothers\" channel, \"SciShow\", and \"The Lizzie Bennet Diaries\", among several others.", "Green brothers __knowledge__ John has risen from being a popular YouTube personality to Hollywood stardom with his breakthrough novel, \"The Fault in Our Stars\", and its 2014 film adaptation.", "Bianca Jackson __knowledge__ Bianca Jackson (also Butcher) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" played by Patsy Palmer.", "Bianca Jackson __knowledge__ The character was introduced by executive producer Leonard Lewis and appeared initially from 1993 to 1999, when Palmer opted to leave.", "Bianca Jackson __knowledge__ In 2002 executive producer John Yorke brought the character back for a special spin-off show.", "Bianca Jackson __knowledge__ She returned to \"EastEnders\" as a full-time character in April 2008, reintroduced by executive producer Diederick Santer.", "Bianca Jackson __knowledge__ Palmer took maternity leave in 2010, and Bianca left the series on 21 January 2011.", "Bianca Jackson __knowledge__ The character returned for a four-month guest stint on 15 December 2011 and left again from April 2012 to November 2012.", "Kris Fisher __knowledge__ Francis \"Kris\" Fisher is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Gerard McCarthy.", "Kris Fisher __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen in September 2006 and left in August 2010 after McCarthy quit the show.", "Kris Fisher __knowledge__ He is noted for his storylines involving the PEP drug, a bisexual love triangle, his outlandish personality and being the only permanent cross dressing character in a British soap opera.", "Kris Fisher __knowledge__ Following his departure, it was announced that McCarthy would return in November 2010 for a short stint.", "Kris Fisher __knowledge__ The character was created as one of four new students to be introduced into the series in 2006.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ The Hobbit, or There and Back Again is a children's fantasy novel by English author J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ It was published on 21 September 1937 to wide critical acclaim, being nominated for the Carnegie Medal and awarded a prize from the \"New York Herald Tribune\" for best juvenile fiction.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ The book remains popular and is recognized as a classic in children's literature.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ \"The Hobbit\" is set in a time \"between the Dawn of Færie and the Dominion of Men\", and follows the quest of home-loving hobbit Bilbo Baggins to win a share of the treasure guarded by Smaug the dragon.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ Bilbo's journey takes him from light-hearted, rural surroundings into more sinister territory.", "J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, (; 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor who is best known as the author of the classic high-fantasy works \"The Hobbit\", \"The Lord of the Rings\", and \"The Silmarillion\".", "J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, from 1945 to 1959.", "J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Elements of the supernatural and the fantastic were an element of literature from its beginning.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ The modern genre is distinguished from tales and folklore, that contain fantastic elements, by firstly the acknowledged fictitious nature of the work, and secondly the naming an author.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Works in which the marvels were not necessarily believed, or only half-believed, such as the European romances of chivalry and the tales of the \"Arabian Nights\", slowly evolved into works with such traits.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Authors like George MacDonald (1824 –1905) created the first explicitly fantastic works.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Later, in the twentieth century, the publication of \"The Lord of the Rings\" by J. R. R. Tolkien enormously influenced fantasy writing, establishing the form of epic fantasy.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ Fantasy films are films that belong to the fantasy genre with fantastic themes, usually magic, supernatural events, mythology, folklore, or exotic fantasy worlds.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ The genre is considered a form of speculative fiction alongside science fiction films and horror films, although the genres do overlap.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ Fantasy films often have an element of magic, myth, wonder, escapism, and the extraordinary.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ Several sub-categories of fantasy films can be identified, although the delineations between these subgenres, much as in fantasy literature, are somewhat fluid.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ The most common fantasy subgenres depicted in movies are High Fantasy and Sword and Sorcery.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ Low fantasy or intrusion fantasy is a type of fantasy fiction.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ It has been defined as fiction where magical events intrude on an otherwise normal world.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ It thus contrasts with high fantasy stories, which take place in a fictional world with its own set of rules and physical laws.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ Intrusion fantasy places relatively less emphasis on typical elements associated with fantasy, setting a narrative in realistic environments with elements of the fantastical.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ Sometimes there are just enough fantastical elements to make ambiguous the boundary between what is real and what is purely psychological or supernatural.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel written by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel \"The Hobbit\", but eventually developed into a much larger work.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, \"The Lord of the Rings\" is one of the best-selling novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The title of the novel refers to the story's main antagonist, the Dark Lord Sauron, who had in an earlier age created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-earth.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ From quiet beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land not unlike the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the course of the War of the Ring through the eyes of its characters, not only the hobbits Frodo Baggins, Samwise \"Sam\" Gamgee, Meriadoc \"Merry\" Brandybuck and Peregrin \"Pippin\" Took, but also the hobbits' chief allies and travelling companions: the Men Aragorn son of Arathorn, a Ranger of the North, and Boromir, a Captain of Gondor; Gimli son of Glóin, a Dwarf warrior; Legolas Greenleaf, an Elven prince; and Gandalf, a Wizard.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set, the other to be \"The Silmarillion\", but this idea was dismissed by his publisher.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam PC (30 May 1748 – 8 February 1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, was a British Whig statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ In 1782 he inherited the estates of his uncle Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, making him one of the richest people in Britain.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ He played a leading part in Whig politics until the 1820s.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, by his wife Lady Anne, daughter of Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Prime Minister Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham was his maternal uncle.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ Streets of Fire is a 1984 film directed by Walter Hill and co-written by Hill and Larry Gross.", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ It is described in its opening credits and posters as \"A Rock & Roll Fable\".", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ The film is a mix of musical, action, neo-noir, drama, and comedy, with elements of retro-1950s and 1980s.", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ It stars Michael Paré as a soldier of fortune who returns home to rescue his ex-girlfriend (Diane Lane) who has been kidnapped by the leader of a biker gang (Willem Dafoe).", "Streets of Fire __knowledge__ Some of the film was shot on the backlot of Universal Studios in California, on two large sets covered in a tarp 1,240 feet long by 220 feet wide, so that night scenes could be filmed during the day.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ The Hobbit, or There and Back Again is a children's fantasy novel by English author J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ It was published on 21 September 1937 to wide critical acclaim, being nominated for the Carnegie Medal and awarded a prize from the \"New York Herald Tribune\" for best juvenile fiction.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ The book remains popular and is recognized as a classic in children's literature.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ \"The Hobbit\" is set in a time \"between the Dawn of Færie and the Dominion of Men\", and follows the quest of home-loving hobbit Bilbo Baggins to win a share of the treasure guarded by Smaug the dragon.", "The Hobbit __knowledge__ Bilbo's journey takes him from light-hearted, rural surroundings into more sinister territory.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, (; 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor who is best known as the author of the classic high-fantasy works \"The Hobbit\", \"The Lord of the Rings\", and \"The Silmarillion\".", "J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, from 1945 to 1959.", "J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ Middle-earth is the fictional setting of much of British writer J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ The term is equivalent to the term \"Midgard\" of Norse mythology, describing the human-inhabited world, i.e.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ the central continent of the Earth in Tolkien's imagined mythological past.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ Tolkien's most widely read works, \"The Hobbit\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\", take place entirely in Middle-earth, and \"Middle-earth\" has also become a short-hand to refer to the legandarium and Tolkiens fictional take on the world.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ Within his stories, Tolkien translated the name \"Middle-earth\" as \"Endor\" (or sometimes \"Endórë\") and \"Ennor\" in the Elvish languages Quenya and Sindarin respectively, sometimes referring only to the continent that the stories take place on, with another southern continent called the Dark Land.", "Middle-earth dwarf characters __knowledge__ Many of the fictional characters in J.R.R.", "Middle-earth dwarf characters __knowledge__ Tolkien's legendarium are dwarves, a short stocky race inhabiting the world of Arda (the Earth in an imagined mythological past).", "Middle-earth dwarf characters __knowledge__ Dwarves lived in the continent Middle-earth, mostly under its mountains.", "Middle-earth dwarf characters __knowledge__ Thorin's company consisted of the following 13 dwarves; their quest in \"The Hobbit\" is the main impetus of the plot of that story.", "Middle-earth dwarf characters __knowledge__ Their quest was joined by Bilbo Baggins (a hobbit) and occasionally by the wizard Gandalf.", "Middle-earth dwarf characters __knowledge__ Thorin II Oakenshield ( – 2941) was the King of Durin's Folk who led the expedition to destroy Smaug in T.A.", "Middle-earth dwarf characters __knowledge__ 2941 and was slain in the Battle of Five Armies.", "Hobbit __knowledge__ Hobbits are a fictional, diminutive, humanoid race who inhabit the lands of Middle-earth in J. R. R. Tolkien’s fiction.", "Hobbit __knowledge__ They are also referred to as Halflings.", "Hobbit __knowledge__ Hobbits first appeared in the novel \"The Hobbit\", whose titular hobbit is the protagonist Bilbo Baggins.", "Hobbit __knowledge__ The novel \"The Lord of the Rings\" includes as major characters the hobbits Frodo Baggins, Samwise Gamgee, Peregrin Took, and Meriadoc Brandybuck, as well as several other minor hobbit characters.", "Hobbit __knowledge__ Hobbits are also briefly mentioned in \"The Silmarillion\" and \"Unfinished Tales\".", "Hobbit __knowledge__ According to the author in the prologue to \"The Lord of the Rings\", hobbits are \"relatives\" of the race of Men.", "Early American editions of The Hobbit __knowledge__ The early United States editions of J. R. R. Tolkien's \"The Hobbit\" were published by the Houghton Mifflin Company of Boston and New York City.", "Early American editions of The Hobbit __knowledge__ They are very collectible but extraordinarily difficult to identify.", "Early American editions of The Hobbit __knowledge__ This article describes all known printings until the third edition, which appeared in 1966.", "Early American editions of The Hobbit __knowledge__ In this description, \"printing\" and \"impression\" are used interchangeably.", "Early American editions of The Hobbit __knowledge__ Early editions of a book as popular and enduring as J. R. R. Tolkien's \"The Hobbit\" inevitably attract the attention and money of both book collectors and fans.", "Early American editions of The Hobbit __knowledge__ Because a publisher cannot predict accurately how the public will receive a new author, they usually print a small first run and follow it with reprints as needed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel written by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel \"The Hobbit\", but eventually developed into a much larger work.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, \"The Lord of the Rings\" is one of the best-selling novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The title of the novel refers to the story's main antagonist, the Dark Lord Sauron, who had in an earlier age created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-earth.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ From quiet beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land not unlike the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the course of the War of the Ring through the eyes of its characters, not only the hobbits Frodo Baggins, Samwise \"Sam\" Gamgee, Meriadoc \"Merry\" Brandybuck and Peregrin \"Pippin\" Took, but also the hobbits' chief allies and travelling companions: the Men Aragorn son of Arathorn, a Ranger of the North, and Boromir, a Captain of Gondor; Gimli son of Glóin, a Dwarf warrior; Legolas Greenleaf, an Elven prince; and Gandalf, a Wizard.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set, the other to be \"The Silmarillion\", but this idea was dismissed by his publisher.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity branding or celebrity endorsement is a form of advertising campaign or marketing strategy used by brands, companies, or a non-profit organization which involves celebrities or a well-known person using their social status or their fame to help promote a product, service or even raise awareness on environmental or social matters.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Marketers use celebrity endorsers in hopes that the positive images of the celebrity endorser of the brand will also be passed on to the products or the brand image associated with the celebrities.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity endorsement is usually commonly used by fashion or beauty brands, but a non-profit organization relies on celebrities as well, as celebrities have mass communication skills which can attract people's attention and is helpful in reaching a wider audience to raise their awareness towards a certain organization or an issue.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ He chose Mike Pence, the sitting Governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar and those without college degrees.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton won many primaries, but lost the Democratic Party nomination to Barack Obama during the United States presidential election, 2008.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ In February 2007 \"The Los Angeles Times\" reported that several anti-Clinton organizations, including Stop Her Now and \"Stop Hillary PAC\", were preparing \"swiftboating\" style attacks against her, with venues to include a documentary film, numerous books, and websites.", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ A top Rudy Giuliani donor, Richard Collins, who has also supported George W. Bush for several years, was central in establishing \"Stop Her Now.\"", "Hillary Clinton presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ CNN reported that 320,000 users joined the Facebook group \"Stop Hillary Clinton: (One Million Strong AGAINST Hillary)\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "John McCain presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ The 2008 presidential campaign of John McCain, the longtime senior U.S.", "John McCain presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ Senator from Arizona, was launched with an informal announcement on February 28, 2007 during a live taping of the \"Late Show with David Letterman\", and formally launched at an event on April 25, 2007.", "John McCain presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ His second candidacy for the Presidency of the United States, he had previously run for his party's nomination in the 2000 primaries and was considered as a potential running mate for his party's nominee, then-Governor George W. Bush of Texas.", "John McCain presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ After winning a majority of delegates in the Republican primaries of 2008, on August 29, leading up to the convention, McCain selected Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska as his running mate for Vice President.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "Michele Bachmann __knowledge__ Michele Marie Bachmann (; \"née\" Amble; born April 6, 1956) is an American politician.", "Michele Bachmann __knowledge__ A Republican, she is a former member of the United States House of Representatives, who represented Minnesota's 6th congressional district, a post she held from 2007 to 2015.", "Michele Bachmann __knowledge__ The district includes several of the northern suburbs of the Twin Cities, as well as St.", "Michele Bachmann __knowledge__ Cloud.", "Michele Bachmann __knowledge__ Bachmann was a candidate for the Republican nomination in the 2012 U.S. presidential election, winning the Ames Straw Poll in August 2011 but dropping out in January 2012 after finishing in sixth place in the Iowa caucuses.", "Michele Bachmann __knowledge__ She previously served in the Minnesota Senate and is the first Republican woman to represent the state in Congress.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ After signing to Columbia Records, she released her debut album, \"Mariah Carey\" (1990), which spawned four number-one singles on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart: \"Vision of Love\", \"Love Takes Time\", \"Someday\", and \"I Don't Wanna Cry\".", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Following her marriage to Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey became the label's highest-selling act with the albums \"Music Box\" (1993), \"Merry Christmas\" (1994), and \"Daydream\" (1995).", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ These albums spawned a string of successful singles including the international number-one \"Without You\", holiday track \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\", and \"One Sweet Day\", which became the longest-running U.S. number-one single in history with a total of 16 weeks.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen are a British rock band that formed in London in 1970.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Their classic line-up was Freddie Mercury (lead vocals, piano), Brian May (lead guitar, vocals), Roger Taylor (drums, vocals), and John Deacon (bass guitar).", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen's earliest works were influenced by progressive rock, hard rock and heavy metal, but the band gradually ventured into more conventional and radio-friendly works by incorporating further styles, such as arena rock and pop rock, into their music.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in Smile.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Mercury, then known by his birth name, Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara, was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Aerosmith is an American rock band, sometimes referred to as \"the Bad Boys from Boston\" and \"America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band\".", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Their style, which is rooted in blues-based hard rock, has come to also incorporate elements of pop, heavy metal, and rhythm and blues, and has inspired many subsequent rock artists.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ They were formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1970.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Guitarist Joe Perry and bassist Tom Hamilton, originally in a band together called the Jam Band, met up with vocalist/pianist/harmonicist Steven Tyler, drummer Joey Kramer, and guitarist Ray Tabano, and formed Aerosmith.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ In 1971, Tabano was replaced by Brad Whitford, and the band began developing a following in Boston." ] ]

[ 1, 48, 3, 7 ]

[ "I've never read the high fantasy novel Lord of the Rings, though I've seen the movies a few times. Do you think it's worth it for me to read them?", "Is the writing at all similar to the Hobbit, the classic children's book?", "It's probably worth it, since so many people like it. I know it's sold over 150 million copies, so it must be good :P", "The only way it could reach more people is if a celebrity decided to endorse it or put their branding on it :P Thankfully that'll never happen." ]

[ "The Lord of the Rings", "The Lord of the Rings", "The Lord of the Rings", "The Lord of the Rings" ]

[ "Palmistry", "oh i didn't know that, i have always wanted to get my palm read", "i have never heard that term. apparently its very old. It is said to have been practiced in very early times by the Brahmins of India and to have been known to Aristotle, ", "So cheirognomy, the art of recognizing the type of intelligence from the form of the hands; cheirosophy, the study of the comparative value of manual formations; and cheiromancy, the art of divination from the form of the hand and fingers, and the lines and markings thereon." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry, or chiromancy (also spelled cheiromancy; from Greek \"kheir\" (χεῖρ, ός; “hand”) and \"manteia\" (μαντεία, ας; “divination”)), is the claim of characterization and foretelling the future through the study of the palm, also known as palm reading or chirology.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The practice is found all over the world, with numerous cultural variations.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Those who practice chiromancy are generally called \"palmists\", \"palm readers\", \"hand readers\", \"hand analysts\", or \"chirologists\".", "Palmistry __knowledge__ There are many—often conflicting—interpretations of various lines and palmar features across various schools of palmistry.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ These contradictions between different interpretations, as well as the lack of empirical support for palmistry's predictions, contribute to palmistry's perception as a pseudoscience among academics.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry is a practice common to many different places on the Eurasian landmass; it has been practised in the cultures of India, Tibet, China, Persia, Sumeria, historic Palestine and Babylonia.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The acupuncturist Yoshiaki Omura describes its roots in Hindu astrology (known in Sanskrit as \"jyotish\"), Chinese \"Yijing\" (\"I Ching\"), and Roma (Gypsy) fortune tellers.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Several thousand years ago, the Hindu sage Valmiki is thought to have written a book comprising 567 stanzas, the title of which translates in English as \"The Teachings of Valmiki Maharshi on Male Palmistry\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry, or chiromancy (also spelled cheiromancy; from Greek \"kheir\" (χεῖρ, ός; “hand”) and \"manteia\" (μαντεία, ας; “divination”)), is the claim of characterization and foretelling the future through the study of the palm, also known as palm reading or chirology.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The practice is found all over the world, with numerous cultural variations.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Those who practice chiromancy are generally called \"palmists\", \"palm readers\", \"hand readers\", \"hand analysts\", or \"chirologists\".", "Palmistry __knowledge__ There are many—often conflicting—interpretations of various lines and palmar features across various schools of palmistry.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ These contradictions between different interpretations, as well as the lack of empirical support for palmistry's predictions, contribute to palmistry's perception as a pseudoscience among academics.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry is a practice common to many different places on the Eurasian landmass; it has been practised in the cultures of India, Tibet, China, Persia, Sumeria, historic Palestine and Babylonia.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The acupuncturist Yoshiaki Omura describes its roots in Hindu astrology (known in Sanskrit as \"jyotish\"), Chinese \"Yijing\" (\"I Ching\"), and Roma (Gypsy) fortune tellers.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Several thousand years ago, the Hindu sage Valmiki is thought to have written a book comprising 567 stanzas, the title of which translates in English as \"The Teachings of Valmiki Maharshi on Male Palmistry\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "Is My Palm Read __knowledge__ Is My Palm Read is a 1933 Pre-Code Fleischer Studios animated short film starring Betty Boop, and featuring Koko the Clown and Bimbo.", "Is My Palm Read __knowledge__ Betty visits Bimbo the fortune teller for some advice, but Bimbo is only interested in making time with Betty.", "Is My Palm Read __knowledge__ Bimbo's crystal ball predicts that Betty will be shipwrecked on a desert isle (during which time she sings part of the Irving Berlin song \"All by Myself\"), and attacked by evil spirits resembling poltergeists, but rescued by Bimbo.", "Is My Palm Read __knowledge__ When Bimbo reveals himself by removing his fake beard, a happy Betty embraces him.", "Is My Palm Read __knowledge__ Unfortunately, a group of the ghosts from the vision burst in on this scene, and chase the two to the desert isle.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 1980 and December 1989.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Julia Newman first appeared in February 1980 along with Victor Newman (Eric Braeden).", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Meg Bennett until 1981, with reprise appearances from 1982 to 1984, 1986 to 1987, and lastly from March 1 to September 3, 2002.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ History On June 13, 1970, Julia and businessman Victor Newman (Eric Braeden) were married.", "The Young and the Restless characters (1980s) __knowledge__ Ten years later, she and Victor moved to Genoa City so that he could help run Chancellor Industries for Katherine Chancellor (Jeanne Cooper).", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ Aaliyah Dana Haughton (; January 16, 1979 – August 25, 2001) was an American singer, actress, and model.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ She was born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in Detroit, Michigan.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ At the age of 10, she appeared on the television show \"Star Search\" and performed in concert alongside Gladys Knight.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ At age 12, Aaliyah signed with Jive Records and her uncle Barry Hankerson's Blackground Records.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ Hankerson introduced her to R. Kelly, who became her mentor, as well as lead songwriter and producer of her debut album, \"Age Ain't Nothing but a Number\".", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ The album sold three million copies in the United States and was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans (, or ; ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The population of the city was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans metropolitan area (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans–Metairie–Bogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,452,502.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ Before Hurricane Katrina, Orleans Parish was the most populous parish in Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ As of 2015, it ranked third, trailing neighboring Jefferson Parish and East Baton Rouge Parish.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ As the center of Hurricane Katrina passed southeast of New Orleans on August 29, 2005, winds downtown were in the Category 1 range with frequent intense gusts and tidal surge.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ Hurricane-force winds were experienced throughout the city, although the most severe portion of Katrina missed the city, hitting nearby St. Bernard and Plaquemines parishes.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ Hurricane Katrina made its final landfall in eastern St. Tammany Parish.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ The western eye wall passed directly over St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana as a Category 3 hurricane at about 9:45 am CST, August 29, 2005.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ The communities of Slidell, Avery Estates, Lakeshore Estates, Oak Harbor, Eden Isles and Northshore Beach were inundated by the storm surge that extended over six miles inland.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ The history of New Orleans, Louisiana, traces the city's development from its founding by the French, through its period under Spanish control, then briefly back to French rule before being acquired by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ In the 19th century, it was the largest port in the South, exporting most of the nation's cotton output and other products to Western Europe and New England.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ It was the largest and most important city in the South; thus it was an early target for capture by the Union during the Civil War.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life during Hurricane Katrina and flooding from the levee break after the hurricane in 2005.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism of the government response to Hurricane Katrina consisted primarily of condemnations of mismanagement and lack of preparation in the relief effort in response to Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Specifically, there was a delayed response to the flooding of New Orleans, Louisiana.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ (See Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans for criticism of the failure of Federal flood protection.)", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Within days of Katrina's August 29, 2005 landfall, public debate arose about the local, state and federal governments' role in the preparations for and response to the storm.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism was prompted largely by televised images of visibly shaken and frustrated political leaders, and of residents who remained in New Orleans without water, food or shelter and the deaths of several citizens by thirst, exhaustion, and violence, days after the storm itself had passed.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ The eastern section of New Orleans, commonly known as \"New Orleans East\", is a large section of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ Developed extensively from the 1960s forward, its numerous residential subdivisions and strip malls offered suburban-style living within the city limits.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ Today, despite its location within the New Orleans city limits, its character remains suburban, resembling the typically sprawling American suburbia much more than the more compactly built environment found in the city's historic core.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ Starting in the mid-1980s, New Orleans East increasingly suffered from disinvestment and urban decay.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that was one of the costliest natural disasters and one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ As Katrina made landfall, its front right quadrant, which held the strongest winds, slammed into Gulfport, Mississippi, devastating it.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The storm originated over the Bahamas on August 23 from the interaction between a tropical wave and the remnants of Tropical Depression Ten.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Early the following day, the new depression intensified into Tropical Storm Katrina.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The cyclone headed generally westward toward Florida and strengthened into a hurricane only two hours before making landfall at Hallandale Beach and Aventura on August 25." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry, or chiromancy (also spelled cheiromancy; from Greek \"kheir\" (χεῖρ, ός; “hand”) and \"manteia\" (μαντεία, ας; “divination”)), is the claim of characterization and foretelling the future through the study of the palm, also known as palm reading or chirology.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The practice is found all over the world, with numerous cultural variations.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Those who practice chiromancy are generally called \"palmists\", \"palm readers\", \"hand readers\", \"hand analysts\", or \"chirologists\".", "Palmistry __knowledge__ There are many—often conflicting—interpretations of various lines and palmar features across various schools of palmistry.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ These contradictions between different interpretations, as well as the lack of empirical support for palmistry's predictions, contribute to palmistry's perception as a pseudoscience among academics.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry is a practice common to many different places on the Eurasian landmass; it has been practised in the cultures of India, Tibet, China, Persia, Sumeria, historic Palestine and Babylonia.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The acupuncturist Yoshiaki Omura describes its roots in Hindu astrology (known in Sanskrit as \"jyotish\"), Chinese \"Yijing\" (\"I Ching\"), and Roma (Gypsy) fortune tellers.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Several thousand years ago, the Hindu sage Valmiki is thought to have written a book comprising 567 stanzas, the title of which translates in English as \"The Teachings of Valmiki Maharshi on Male Palmistry\".", "Alexander the Great in the Quran __knowledge__ The story of Dhul-Qarnayn (in Arabic ذو القرنين, literally \"\"The Two-Horned One\"\", also transliterated as Zul-Qarnain or Zulqarnain), mentioned in the Quran, may be a reference to Alexander III of Macedon (356–323 BC), popularly known as Alexander the Great.", "Alexander the Great in the Quran __knowledge__ Dhul-Qarnayn was a well-known figure in the lore of the ancient dwellers of the Arabian Peninsula.", "Alexander the Great in the Quran __knowledge__ The majority of traditional and modern scholars have generally endorsed the identification of Dhul-Qarnayn with Alexander the Great, but some early Muslim scholars saw it as a reference to a pre-Islamic monarch from Persia or south Arabia.", "Alexander the Great in the Quran __knowledge__ It has also been a matter of theological controversy amongst Muslim scholars since early times.", "Aristotle __knowledge__ Aristotle (; \"Aristotélēs\", ; 384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidice, on the northern periphery of Classical Greece.", "Aristotle __knowledge__ His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, whereafter Proxenus of Atarneus became his guardian.", "Aristotle __knowledge__ At seventeen or eighteen years of age, he joined Plato's Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty-seven (c. 347 BC).", "Aristotle __knowledge__ His writings cover many subjects – including physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric, psychology, linguistics, politics and government – and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy.", "Justice Party (India) __knowledge__ The Justice Party, officially the South Indian Liberal Federation, was a political party in the Madras Presidency of British India.", "Justice Party (India) __knowledge__ It was established in 1916 by T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency.", "Justice Party (India) __knowledge__ Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and disproportionate Brahminical representation in government jobs.", "Justice Party (India) __knowledge__ The Justice Party's foundation marked the culmination of several efforts to establish an organisation to represent the non-Brahmins in Madras.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Caste system in India __knowledge__ The caste system in India is the paradigmatic ethnographic example of caste.", "Caste system in India __knowledge__ It has origins in ancient India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially the Mughal Empire and the British Raj.", "Caste system in India __knowledge__ It is today the basis of educational and job reservations in India.", "Caste system in India __knowledge__ It consists of two different concepts, \"varna\" and \"jati\", which may be regarded as different levels of analysis of this system.", "Caste system in India __knowledge__ The caste system as it exists today is thought to be the result of developments during the collapse of the Mughal era and the British colonial regime in India.", "Brahmin __knowledge__ Brahmin (; ब्राह्मण) is a varna (class, caste) in Hinduism specialising as priests, teachers (acharya) and protectors of sacred learning across generations.", "Brahmin __knowledge__ The traditional occupation of Brahmins was that of priesthood at the Hindu temples or at socio-religious ceremonies and rite of passage rituals such as solemnising a wedding with hymns and prayers.", "Brahmin __knowledge__ Theoretically, the Brahmins were the highest ranking of the four social classes.", "Brahmin __knowledge__ In practice, Indian texts suggest that Brahmins were agriculturalists, warriors, traders and have held a variety of other occupations in India.", "Brahmin __knowledge__ The earliest inferred reference to \"Brahmin\" as a possible social class is in the Rigveda, occurs once, and the hymn is called Purusha Sukta.", "Physics (Aristotle) __knowledge__ The Physics (Greek: Φυσικὴ ἀκρόασις \"Phusike akroasis\"; Latin: \"Physica\", or \"Naturalis Auscultationes\", possibly meaning \"lectures on nature\") is a named text, written in ancient Greek, collated from a collection of surviving manuscripts known as the Corpus Aristotelicum because attributed to the 4th-century BC philosopher, teacher, and mentor of Macedonian rulers, Aristotle.", "Physics (Aristotle) __knowledge__ Due to the unique educational methods of the Athenian school founded by Aristotle, the Lyceum, at the period of its greatest success, and the accidental circumstances surrounding the disposition and rediscovery of its library after his death, it is possible to say that without a doubt some of that library descends to the \"Corpus\" and that some must be attributed mainly or entirely to Aristotle, but it is not possible to say for sure which works.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur).", "Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ Laura Dewey Lynn Bridgman (December 21, 1829 – May 24, 1889) is known as the first deaf-blind American child to gain a significant education in the English language, fifty years before the more famous Helen Keller.", "Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ Bridgman was left blind and deaf at the age of two after suffering a bout of scarlet fever.", "Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ She was educated at the Perkins Institution for the Blind where, under the direction of Samuel Gridley Howe, she learned to read and communicate using braille and the manual alphabet developed by Charles-Michel de l'Épée.", "Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ For several years, Bridgman gained celebrity status when Charles Dickens met her during his 1842 American tour and wrote about her accomplishments in his \"American Notes\".", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "SS Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ SS \"Laura Bridgman\" was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II.", "SS Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ She was named after Laura Bridgman, the first deaf-blind American child to gain a significant education in the English language.", "SS Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ \"Laura Bridgman\" was laid down on 23 September 1944, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 2382, by J.A.", "SS Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ Jones Construction, Brunswick, Georgia; she was sponsored by Ida Purcell, the wife of bishop Clare Purcell, and launched on 30 October 1944.", "SS Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ She was allocated to Seas Shipping Co., Inc., on 13 November 1944.", "SS Laura Bridgman __knowledge__ On 16 October 1945, she was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, in the Suisun Bay Group.", "M1 carbine __knowledge__ The M1 carbine (formally the United States Carbine, Caliber .30, M1) is a lightweight, easy to use, .30 caliber (7.62 mm) semi-automatic carbine that was a standard firearm for the U.S. military during World War II, the Korean War and well into the Vietnam War.", "M1 carbine __knowledge__ The M1 carbine was produced in several variants and was widely used by not only the U.S. military, but by military, paramilitary and police forces around the world.", "M1 carbine __knowledge__ It has also been a popular civilian firearm.", "M1 carbine __knowledge__ The M2 carbine is the selective-fire version of the M1 carbine capable of firing in both semi-automatic and full-automatic.", "M1 carbine __knowledge__ The M3 carbine was an M2 carbine with an active infrared scope system." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry, or chiromancy (also spelled cheiromancy; from Greek \"kheir\" (χεῖρ, ός; “hand”) and \"manteia\" (μαντεία, ας; “divination”)), is the claim of characterization and foretelling the future through the study of the palm, also known as palm reading or chirology.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The practice is found all over the world, with numerous cultural variations.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Those who practice chiromancy are generally called \"palmists\", \"palm readers\", \"hand readers\", \"hand analysts\", or \"chirologists\".", "Palmistry __knowledge__ There are many—often conflicting—interpretations of various lines and palmar features across various schools of palmistry.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ These contradictions between different interpretations, as well as the lack of empirical support for palmistry's predictions, contribute to palmistry's perception as a pseudoscience among academics.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Palmistry is a practice common to many different places on the Eurasian landmass; it has been practised in the cultures of India, Tibet, China, Persia, Sumeria, historic Palestine and Babylonia.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ The acupuncturist Yoshiaki Omura describes its roots in Hindu astrology (known in Sanskrit as \"jyotish\"), Chinese \"Yijing\" (\"I Ching\"), and Roma (Gypsy) fortune tellers.", "Palmistry __knowledge__ Several thousand years ago, the Hindu sage Valmiki is thought to have written a book comprising 567 stanzas, the title of which translates in English as \"The Teachings of Valmiki Maharshi on Male Palmistry\".", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Geomancy __knowledge__ Geomancy (Greek: γεωμαντεία, \"earth divination\") is a method of divination that interprets markings on the ground or the patterns formed by tossed handfuls of soil, rocks, or sand.", "Geomancy __knowledge__ The most prevalent form of divinatory geomancy involves interpreting a series of 16 figures formed by a randomized process that involves recursion followed by analyzing them, often augmented with astrological interpretations.", "Geomancy __knowledge__ Geomancy was practiced by people from all social classes.", "Geomancy __knowledge__ It was one of the most popular forms of divination throughout Africa and Europe, particularly during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This article is designed to give background into the organization and tactics of Civil War armies.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This brief survey is by no means exhaustive, but it should give enough material to have a better understanding of the capabilities of the forces that fought the American Civil War.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ Understanding these capabilities should give insight into the reasoning behind the decisions made by commanders on both sides.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The Regular Army of the United States on the eve of the Civil War was essentially a frontier constabulary whose 16,000 officers and men were organized into 198 companies scattered across the nation at 79 different posts.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner (* 3 February 1908 in Augsburg, Bavaria) was a German, Luftwaffe radar and radio intercept specialist, before and during the time of World War II and who became Chief Signals Officer of the Luftnachrichten Abteilung 352, the Signals intelligence agency, whose task was the mapping and interception of communication intelligence of Allied Air Forces in the Mediterranean area.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner was responsible for a number of innovations in cryptanalysis, radio, radar, D/F and communication intelligence during the interwar period.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Note:This article has been largly written by Feichtner, with some updates to change the voice, and respect to modernity.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Jamiat Kheir __knowledge__ Jamiat Kheir (\"\"; ; ; different Latin spellings have also been used in the past, such as \"Djamiat Chair\", \"Djameat Geir, Djamijat Chaer\", \"Jam'iyyat khair\" or \"Jamiatul Khair\") is one of a few early private institutions in Indonesia that is engaged in education, and is instrumental in the history of Indonesian struggle against Dutch colonialism, preceding Sarekat Islam and Budi Utomo.", "Jamiat Kheir __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta.", "Jamiat Kheir __knowledge__ The history of \"Jamiat Kheir\" can be divided into two periods, where during the first period (1905 - 1919) it was as a social organization (and included a school program), and the second period (since 1919) it becomes an education institution only.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Halloween __knowledge__ Halloween or Hallowe'en (a contraction of All Hallows' Evening), also known as Allhalloween, All Hallows' Eve, or All Saints' Eve, is a celebration observed in a number of countries on 31 October, the eve of the Western Christian feast of All Hallows' Day.", "Halloween __knowledge__ It begins the three-day observance of Allhallowtide, the time in the liturgical year dedicated to remembering the dead, including saints (hallows), martyrs, and all the faithful departed.", "Halloween __knowledge__ It is widely believed that many Halloween traditions originated from ancient Celtic harvest festivals, particularly the Gaelic festival Samhain; that such festivals may have had pagan roots; and that Samhain itself was Christianized as Halloween by the early Church.", "Arithmancy __knowledge__ In modern numerological terminology, arithmancy (a shortened form of Greek ἀριθμομαντεία \"divination by numbers\") is a form of divination based on assigning numerical value to a word or phrase, by means of a simplified version of ancient Greek isopsephy or Hebrew/Aramaic gematria, as adapted to the Latin alphabet.", "Arithmancy __knowledge__ Arithmancy is associated with the Chaldeans, Platonists, Pythagoreans, and the Kabbalah.", "Arithmancy __knowledge__ The term \"arithmancy\" is derived from two Greek words – \"arithmos\" (meaning number) and \"manteia\" (meaning divination).", "Arithmancy __knowledge__ Arithmancy is thus the study of divination through numbers.", "Arithmancy __knowledge__ In this method, the letters of a recent version of the Latin alphabet (with \"U\" and \"V\" considered to be separate letters, and \"I\" and \"J\" also considered distinct, which was not common until the 18th century), are assigned numerical values 1-9 as follows: Based on these values, the value for a person's name is calculated.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Aleuromancy __knowledge__ Aleuromancy is the use of flour for divination.", "Aleuromancy __knowledge__ The word comes from the Greek \"aleuron\", meaning flour, and \"manteia\", meaning divination.", "Aleuromancy __knowledge__ Divination with flour is attested in cuneiform tablets from the 2nd millennium BCE.", "Aleuromancy __knowledge__ Flour was poured out in small heaps and the interpretation was based on the observation of their shapes and orientation.", "Aleuromancy __knowledge__ In its original form, slips of paper containing philosophical writings would be baked inside of cakes or cookies, which would then be distributed to those wishing their fortunes to be told.", "Aleuromancy __knowledge__ Similarly, the Greeks would bake slips of paper with sentences on them inside of balls of flour, mix the balls nine times, and distribute them.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 1, 44 ]

[ "People don't believe me when I say my mom's a palm reader in New Orleans. It's also called Chiromancy.", "people who do it are called either pamists, palm readers, hand readers or even hand analysts but I like chirologist term a lot.", "That's right, it actually comes from the term \"kheir\" in Greek meaning hand and \"manteia\" meaning divination. You can foretell someone's future this way.", "It amazes me how many ancient studies and practices there are. Let's take Arithmacy, it's something used till this day, what would we do without numbers. apparently this term also comes from Greece." ]

[ "Palmistry", "Palmistry", "Palmistry", "Palmistry" ]

[ "Chevrolet\nI really love classic Chevrolet cars, and even the new models", "I think it is one of the 1st car manufacturing car company in the US, of course behind Ford", "My all time favorite Chevy car is of course, the Camero, old or noew doesnt matter", "yes, they are very popular", "just like Ford I suppose" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Caprice is a full-sized automobile produced by Chevrolet in North America for the 1965 to 1996 model years.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Full-size Chevrolet sales peaked in 1965 with over a million sold.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ It was the most popular American car in the sixties and early seventies, which, during its lifetime, included the Biscayne, Bel Air, and Impala.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Introduced in mid-1965 as a luxury trim package for the Impala four-door hardtop, Chevrolet offered a full line of Caprice models for the 1966 and subsequent model years, including a \"formal hardtop\" coupe and an Estate station wagon.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The 1971 to 1976 models are the largest Chevrolets ever built.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Suburban is a full-size, extended-length sport utility vehicle from Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ It is the longest continuous use automobile nameplate in production, starting in 1935 for the 1935 U.S. model year, and has traditionally been one of General Motors' most profitable vehicles.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The 1935 first generation Carryall Suburban was one of the first production all-metal bodied station wagons.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Suburban has been produced under the Chevrolet, Holden, Plymouth and GMC marques until the GMC version was rebranded as the GMC Yukon XL.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ For most of its recent history, the Suburban has been a station wagon-bodied version of the Chevrolet pickup truck, including the Chevrolet C/K and Silverado series of truck-based vehicles.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ The Chevrolet inline 6 otto engine was Chevrolet's sole engine from 1929 (when it replaced their first 4-cylinder engine, the 171-cubic-inch four), through 1954, and was the base engine starting in 1955 when they added the small block V8 to the lineup.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ It had finally been completely phased out by 1990 in North America, but in Brazil, GM held on to their fuel-injected version through the 1998 model year.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ It was replaced by more recently developed V6 and four-cylinder engines.", "Chevrolet straight-6 engine __knowledge__ Many popular cars and trucks, including the Chevrolet Camaro, Chevrolet Impala, and Chevrolet Suburban used the inline 6 as the base engine.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "American Motors __knowledge__ American Motors Corporation (AMC) was an American automobile company formed by the 1954 merger of Nash-Kelvinator Corporation and Hudson Motor Car Company.", "American Motors __knowledge__ At the time, it was the largest corporate merger in U.S. history.", "American Motors __knowledge__ AMC went on to compete with the US Big Three, Ford, GM and Chrysler – with its small cars including the Rambler American, Hornet, Gremlin and Pacer; muscle cars including the Marlin, AMX and Javelin, and early 4-wheel-drive variants of the Eagle, America's first true crossover.", "American Motors __knowledge__ The company was known as \"a small company deft enough to exploit special market segments left untended by the giants,\" and was widely known for the design work of chief stylist, Dick Teague, who \"had to make do with a much tighter budget than his counterparts at Detroit's Big Three\" but \"had a knack for making the most of his employer's investment.\"", "Chevrolet Bel Air __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Bel Air was a full-size car produced by Chevrolet for the 1950–1981 model years.", "Chevrolet Bel Air __knowledge__ Initially only the two door hardtops in the Chevrolet model range were designated with the Bel Air name from 1950 to 1952, as distinct from the Styleline and Fleetline models for the remainder of the range.", "Chevrolet Bel Air __knowledge__ With the 1953 model year the Bel Air name was changed from a designation for a unique body shape to a premium level of trim applied across a number of body styles.", "Chevrolet Bel Air __knowledge__ The Bel Air continued with various other trim level designations until US production ceased in 1975.", "Chevrolet Bel Air __knowledge__ Production continued in Canada, for its home market only, through the 1981 model year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Pullman Company __knowledge__ The Pullman Car Company, founded by George Pullman, manufactured railroad cars in the mid-to-late 19th century through the early decades of the 20th century, during the boom of railroads in the United States.", "Pullman Company __knowledge__ Its workers initially lived in a planned worker community (or \"company town\") named Pullman, Chicago.", "Pullman Company __knowledge__ Pullman developed the sleeping car, which carried his name into the 1980s.", "Pullman Company __knowledge__ Pullman did not just manufacture the cars: he also operated them on most of the railroads in the United States, paying railroad companies to couple the cars to trains.", "Pullman Company __knowledge__ The labor union associated with the company, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, which was founded and organized by A. Philip Randolph, was one of the most powerful African-American political entities of the 20th century.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia consists of 27 vehicle producers and over 640 component manufacturers.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The Malaysian automotive industry is the third largest in Southeast Asia, and the 23rd largest in the world, with an annual production output of over 500,000 vehicles.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry contributes 4% or RM 40 billion to Malaysia's GDP, and employs a workforce of over 700,000 throughout a nationwide ecosystem.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ The automotive industry in Malaysia traces its origins back to the British Malayan colonial era.", "Automotive industry in Malaysia __knowledge__ Ford Malaya became the first automobile assembly plant in Southeast Asia upon its establishment in Singapore in 1926.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ The automotive industry in the United States began in the 1890s and, as a result of the size of the domestic market and the use of mass-production, rapidly evolved into the largest in the world.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ However, the United States was overtaken as the largest automobile producer by Japan in the 1980s, and subsequently by China in 2008.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. is currently second among the largest manufacturer in the world by volume, with approximately 8-10 million manufactured annually.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ Notable exceptions were 5.7 million automobiles manufactured in 2009 (due to crisis), and peak production levels of 13-15 million units during the 1970s and early 2000s.", "American Motors __knowledge__ American Motors Corporation (AMC) was an American automobile company formed by the 1954 merger of Nash-Kelvinator Corporation and Hudson Motor Car Company.", "American Motors __knowledge__ At the time, it was the largest corporate merger in U.S. history.", "American Motors __knowledge__ AMC went on to compete with the US Big Three, Ford, GM and Chrysler – with its small cars including the Rambler American, Hornet, Gremlin and Pacer; muscle cars including the Marlin, AMX and Javelin, and early 4-wheel-drive variants of the Eagle, America's first true crossover.", "American Motors __knowledge__ The company was known as \"a small company deft enough to exploit special market segments left untended by the giants,\" and was widely known for the design work of chief stylist, Dick Teague, who \"had to make do with a much tighter budget than his counterparts at Detroit's Big Three\" but \"had a knack for making the most of his employer's investment.\"", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ A passenger car (known as a coach or carriage in the UK, and also known as a bogie in India) is a piece of railway rolling stock that is designed to carry passengers.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ The term \"passenger car\" can also be associated with a sleeping car, baggage, dining, railway post office and prisoner transport cars.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ Up until about the end of the 19th century, most passenger cars were constructed of wood.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ The first passenger trains did not travel very far, but they were able to haul many more passengers for a longer distance than any wagons pulled by horses.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ As railways were first constructed in England, so too were the first passenger cars.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ The history of General Motors (GM), one of the world's largest car and truck manufacturers, reaches back more than a century and involves a vast scope of industrial activity around the world, mostly focused on motorized transportation and the engineering and manufacturing that make it possible.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ Founded in 1908 as a holding company in Flint, Michigan, as of 2012 it employs approximately 209,000 people around the world.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan, United States, General Motors manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Volt is a plug-in hybrid car manufactured by General Motors, also marketed in rebadged variants as the Buick Velite 5 in China, Holden Volt in Australia and New Zealand, and with a different fascia as the Vauxhall Ampera in the United Kingdom and as the Opel Ampera in the remainder of Europe.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Sales of the 2011 Volt began in the United States in mid-December 2010, followed by various European countries and other international markets in 2011.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Global combined Volt/Ampera family sales totaled about 134,500 units by the end of December 2016.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The U.S. is the leading market, with 113,489 Volts delivered, followed by Canada with 8,884 Volts sold through November 2016.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ The Chevrolet small-block engine is a series of automobile V8 engines built by the Chevrolet Division of General Motors between 1955 and 2003 using the same basic engine block.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ Referred to as a \"small block\" for its comparative size relative to the physically much larger Chevrolet big-block engines, the family spanned from to in displacement.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ Retroactively referred to as the \"Generation I\" \"small-block\", it is distinct from subsequent \"Generation II\" LT and \"Generation III/IV\" LS, and \"Generation V\" (LT/EcoTec3) engines.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ Engineer Ed Cole, who would later become GM President, is credited with leading the design for this engine.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova was a small automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, and produced in five generations for the 1962 through 1979, and 1985 through 1988 model years.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Nova was the top model in the Chevy II lineup through 1968.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevy II nameplate was dropped, Nova becoming the nameplate for the 1969 through 1979 models.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Built on the X-body platform, the Nova was replaced by the 1980 Chevrolet Citation introduced in the spring of 1979.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Nova nameplate returned in 1985, produced through 1988 as a NUMMI manufactured, subcompact based on the front wheel drive, Japan home-based Toyota Sprinter.", "General Motors Chapter 11 reorganization __knowledge__ The 2009 General Motors Chapter 11 sale of the assets of automobile manufacturer General Motors and some of its subsidiaries was implemented through Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code in the United States bankruptcy court for the Southern District of New York.", "General Motors Chapter 11 reorganization __knowledge__ The United States government-endorsed sale enabled the NGMCO Inc. (\"New GM\") to purchase the continuing operational assets of the old GM.", "General Motors Chapter 11 reorganization __knowledge__ Normal operations, including employee compensation, warranties, and other customer service were uninterrupted during the bankruptcy proceedings.", "General Motors Chapter 11 reorganization __knowledge__ Operations outside of the United States were not included in the court filing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova was a small automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, and produced in five generations for the 1962 through 1979, and 1985 through 1988 model years.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Nova was the top model in the Chevy II lineup through 1968.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevy II nameplate was dropped, Nova becoming the nameplate for the 1969 through 1979 models.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Built on the X-body platform, the Nova was replaced by the 1980 Chevrolet Citation introduced in the spring of 1979.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Nova nameplate returned in 1985, produced through 1988 as a NUMMI manufactured, subcompact based on the front wheel drive, Japan home-based Toyota Sprinter.", "Bitch Slap __knowledge__ Bitch Slap is a 2009 action film directed by Rick Jacobson and stars Julia Voth, Erin Cummings, America Olivo and Michael Hurst, with cameos by Lucy Lawless, Kevin Sorbo, and Renee O'Connor.", "Bitch Slap __knowledge__ Three girls, a down-and-out stripper named Trixie, a drug-running killer and ex-convict named Camero, and a corporate powerbroker nicknamed Hel, arrive at a remote desert hideaway to extort massive riches from a ruthless sword-wielding killer named Pinky, who is also a notorious underworld figure.", "Bitch Slap __knowledge__ None of the three women is who they appear to be: each has an ulterior motive.", "Bitch Slap __knowledge__ They kidnap a gangster called Gage and try to force him to reveal where the treasure is buried.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Tomorrow Coast to Coast __knowledge__ Tomorrow (also known as The Tomorrow Show and, after 1980, Tomorrow Coast to Coast) is an American late-night television talk show hosted by Tom Snyder.", "Tomorrow Coast to Coast __knowledge__ The show aired on NBC from 1973 to 1982 and featured many prominent guests, including John Lennon (in his last televised interview), Paul McCartney, \"Weird Al\" Yankovic (in his first televised appearance), Ayn Rand, Jerry Garcia, the Grateful Dead, Public Image Ltd, Ken Kesey, Charles Manson, The Clash, KISS, Ramones, and U2 (in their first American television appearance).", "Tomorrow Coast to Coast __knowledge__ Los Angeles news anchor Kelly Lange, a good friend of Snyder, was the regular substitute guest host.", "Städtisches Kaufhaus __knowledge__ The Städtisches Kaufhaus in Leipzig, designed by Rayher, Korber and Müller, was constructed from 1894 to 1901.", "Städtisches Kaufhaus __knowledge__ This piece of land and architectural monument reflects 500 years of Leipzig's inner city's history of trading and culture.", "Städtisches Kaufhaus __knowledge__ In the years 1477 to 1498 the first Gewandhaus (garb-house) was constructed there at the so-called Gewandgäßchen and Universitätsstraße.", "Städtisches Kaufhaus __knowledge__ Due to the imperial fair privilege from 1497 Leipzig quickly became very important as an emporium.", "Städtisches Kaufhaus __knowledge__ The Gewandhaus was home to foreign cloth merchants and also hosted the Zeughaus (armory).", "Städtisches Kaufhaus __knowledge__ After nearly 250 years of utilisation the first Gewandhaus was torn down and from 1740 to 1744 replaced by the municipal library, which was erected in baroque manner and again hosted an armory (in its east wing).", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Caprice is a full-sized automobile produced by Chevrolet in North America for the 1965 to 1996 model years.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Full-size Chevrolet sales peaked in 1965 with over a million sold.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ It was the most popular American car in the sixties and early seventies, which, during its lifetime, included the Biscayne, Bel Air, and Impala.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Introduced in mid-1965 as a luxury trim package for the Impala four-door hardtop, Chevrolet offered a full line of Caprice models for the 1966 and subsequent model years, including a \"formal hardtop\" coupe and an Estate station wagon.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The 1971 to 1976 models are the largest Chevrolets ever built.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ William Crapo \"Billy\" Durant (December 8, 1861 – March 18, 1947) was a leading pioneer of the United States automobile industry, who created the system of multi-brand holding companies with different lines of cars; and the co-founder of General Motors with Frederic L. Smith, and of Chevrolet with Louis Chevrolet.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ He also founded Frigidaire.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Durant was the son of William Clark Durant and Rebecca Folger Crapo, who was born to a wealthy Massachusetts family of French descent, she being the daughter of Michigan governor Henry H. Crapo.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ William dropped out of high school to work in his grandfather's lumberyard.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ The history of General Motors (GM), one of the world's largest car and truck manufacturers, reaches back more than a century and involves a vast scope of industrial activity around the world, mostly focused on motorized transportation and the engineering and manufacturing that make it possible.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ Founded in 1908 as a holding company in Flint, Michigan, as of 2012 it employs approximately 209,000 people around the world.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan, United States, General Motors manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "Louis Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis-Joseph \"Louis\" Chevrolet (December 25, 1878 – June 6, 1941) was a Swiss-American race car driver, co-founder of the Chevrolet Motor Car Company in 1911, and a founder in 1916 of the Frontenac Motor Corporation.", "Louis Chevrolet __knowledge__ The second child of French-Swiss parents Joseph-Félicien and Marie-Anne Angéline (\"née\" Mahon), Louis-Joseph Chevrolet was born in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Canton of Neuchâtel, a center of watchmaking in northwestern Switzerland.", "Louis Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 1886, Chevrolet's family left Switzerland to live in Beaune, in the Côte-d'Or \"département\" of France.", "Louis Chevrolet __knowledge__ There, as a young man, Louis developed his mechanical skills and interest in bicycle racing.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Chevrolet Series C Classic Six __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Series C Classic Six is the first automobile produced by American car manufacturer Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Series C Classic Six __knowledge__ It is one of the few Chevrolets made while record-setting Buick race car driver Louis Chevrolet was with the company.", "Chevrolet Series C Classic Six __knowledge__ This Brass Era Chevy was much larger, more powerful, more stylized and therefore more expensive than the cars that would ultimately replace it.", "Chevrolet Series C Classic Six __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet loved it, but William Durant had a cheaper car in mind.", "Chevrolet Series C Classic Six __knowledge__ The 1913-14 Chevrolet Type C also called the Chevrolet Classic Six (Series C), Chevrolet Model C, Classic Six or, at the time it was new, simply the Chevrolet (since there were no other models to confuse it with until 1914 when the Model H and L were released), was the first Chevrolet, and was also sold by other makes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ In linguistics, a yes–no question, formally known as a polar question, is a question whose expected answer is either \"yes\" or \"no\".", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ Formally, they present an exclusive disjunction, a pair of alternatives of which only one is acceptable.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ In English, such questions can be formed in both positive and negative forms (e.g.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ \"Will you be here tomorrow?\"", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ and \"Won't you be here tomorrow?\").", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ Yes–no questions are in contrast with non-polar wh-questions, with the five Ws, which do not necessarily present a range of alternative answers, or necessarily restrict that range to two alternatives.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ (Questions beginning with \"which\", for example, often presuppose a set of several alternatives, from which one is to be drawn.)", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ The Chevrolet small-block engine is a series of automobile V8 engines built by the Chevrolet Division of General Motors between 1955 and 2003 using the same basic engine block.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ Referred to as a \"small block\" for its comparative size relative to the physically much larger Chevrolet big-block engines, the family spanned from to in displacement.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ Retroactively referred to as the \"Generation I\" \"small-block\", it is distinct from subsequent \"Generation II\" LT and \"Generation III/IV\" LS, and \"Generation V\" (LT/EcoTec3) engines.", "Chevrolet small-block engine __knowledge__ Engineer Ed Cole, who would later become GM President, is credited with leading the design for this engine.", "OnStar __knowledge__ OnStar Corporation is a subsidiary of General Motors that provides subscription-based communications, in-vehicle security, emergency services, hands-free calling, turn-by-turn navigation, and remote diagnostics systems throughout the United States, Canada, China, Mexico, Europe, Brazil, and Argentina.", "OnStar __knowledge__ A similar service is known as Opel OnStar in western Europe and ChevyStar in Latin American markets (except in Mexico, Brazil and Argentina).", "OnStar __knowledge__ In September 2011 the president of OnStar stated that the service had more than six million customers.", "OnStar __knowledge__ A new aftermarket interior rear-view mirror with a built-in OnStar module, branded as OnStar FMV, became available to the public on July 24, 2011.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the United States is actively supported by the American federal government, and several state and local governments.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ , cumulative sales in the U.S. totaled 764,666 highway legal plug-in electric vehicles since the market launch of the Tesla Roadster in 2008, , the American stock represented 28.1% of the global light-duty plug-in stock, and the U.S. had the world's third largest stock of plug-in passenger cars after China and Europe.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. market share of plug-in electric passenger cars increased from 0.14% in 2011 to 0.62% in 2013.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The plug-in segment reached a market share of 0.75% in 2014 and fell to 0.66% in 2015.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Volt is a plug-in hybrid car manufactured by General Motors, also marketed in rebadged variants as the Buick Velite 5 in China, Holden Volt in Australia and New Zealand, and with a different fascia as the Vauxhall Ampera in the United Kingdom and as the Opel Ampera in the remainder of Europe.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Sales of the 2011 Volt began in the United States in mid-December 2010, followed by various European countries and other international markets in 2011.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Global combined Volt/Ampera family sales totaled about 134,500 units by the end of December 2016.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The U.S. is the leading market, with 113,489 Volts delivered, followed by Canada with 8,884 Volts sold through November 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet-branded vehicles are sold in most automotive markets worldwide, with the notable exception of Oceania, where GM is represented by its Australian subsidiary, Holden; Chevrolet announced a return to the region beginning in 2018 after a 50-year absence.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ In 2005, Chevrolet was relaunched in Europe, primarily selling vehicles built by GM Daewoo of South Korea with the tagline \"Daewoo has grown up enough to become Chevrolet\", a move rooted in General Motors' attempt to build a global brand around Chevrolet.", "Ford Global Anthem __knowledge__ \"Global Anthem\" was an American television commercial created by advertising agency JWT, Detroit for Ford Motor Company in 1999.", "Ford Global Anthem __knowledge__ At the time, the commercial was believed to be the world's biggest advertisement, one of the largest single commercial productions in US advertising history and one of the most expensive.", "Ford Global Anthem __knowledge__ In media terms, it was the most widespread use of one commercial at one time by a giant advertiser.", "Ford Global Anthem __knowledge__ Initially, a single two-minute version aired in almost every country in the world simultaneously at 9pm on November 1, 1999, reaching an estimated one billion people, 300 million households, and 80% of the world’s viewing population.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The Shelby Mustang is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang which was built by Shelby American from 1965 to 1968, and from 1969 to 1970 by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Following the introduction of the fifth generation Ford Mustang in 2005, the Shelby nameplate was revived as a new high-performance model, this time designed and built by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The 1965–1966 cars were the smallest and lightest of the GT 350 models.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ These cars are often called \"Cobras\", which was the Ford-powered AC-based two-seat sports car also produced by Shelby American during the same period.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Both models use the Cobra emblem, similar paint scheme, and the optional \"Cobra\" valve covers on many GT350s that were part of a marketing tie-in by Shelby, as well as one of his iconic symbols.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "Ford Taunus P1 __knowledge__ The Ford Taunus P1 is a small family car which was produced by Ford Germany from 1952 until 1962.", "Ford Taunus P1 __knowledge__ It was marketed as the Ford Taunus 12M, and, between 1955 and 1959, as the larger-engined Ford Taunus 15M.", "Ford Taunus P1 __knowledge__ The company produced a succession of Ford Taunus 12M models until 1970, as the name was applied to a succession of similarly sized cars, but the first Taunus 12M models, based on the company’s Taunus Project 1 (P1), remained in production only until 1962.", "Ford Taunus P1 __knowledge__ In that year the Taunus P1 series was replaced by the Taunus P4 series.", "Ford Taunus P1 __knowledge__ At its launch, the car placed Ford ahead of the pack, being unusually modern in terms of the bits that showed.", "Ford Trimotor __knowledge__ The Ford Trimotor (also called the \"Tri-Motor\", and nicknamed \"The Tin Goose\") is an American three-engined transport aircraft.", "Ford Trimotor __knowledge__ Production started in 1925 by the companies of Henry Ford and ended on June 7, 1933.", "Ford Trimotor __knowledge__ A total of 199 Ford Trimotors were made.", "Ford Trimotor __knowledge__ It was designed for the civil aviation market, but also saw service with military units.", "Ford Trimotor __knowledge__ The Ford Trimotor was a development of previous designs by William Bushnell Stout, using structural principles copied from the work of Professor Hugo Junkers, the noted German all-metal aircraft design pioneer, and adapted to an airframe very similar to the single engine Fokker F.VII - even using the same airfoil cross section at the wing root.", "Cruise-O-Matic __knowledge__ Ford-O-Matic was the first automatic transmission widely used by Ford Motor Company.", "Cruise-O-Matic __knowledge__ It was designed by the Warner Gear division of Borg Warner Corporation and introduced in 1951 model year cars.", "Cruise-O-Matic __knowledge__ In contrast to Detroit Gear Division's three band automatic originally designed for Studebaker which became superseded by this unit, a variation of Warner Gear's three-speed unit named Ford-O-Matic continued to evolve later into Cruise-O-Matic named transmissions in 1958 and finally the FMX named transmissions in 1968.", "Cruise-O-Matic __knowledge__ This line continued in production until 1980, when the AOD was introduced.", "Cruise-O-Matic __knowledge__ Like Ford, variations of this same Borg Warner design were used by other automobile manufacturers as well, such as AMC, International Harvester, Studebaker, Volvo and Jaguar, each of them having the necessary unique adaptations required for the individual applications.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ Edmund Brisco \"Henry\" Ford FRS Hon.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ FRCP (23 April 1901 – 2 January 1988) was a British ecological geneticist.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ He was a leader among those British biologists who investigated the role of natural selection in nature.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ As a schoolboy Ford became interested in lepidoptera, the group of insects which includes butterflies and moths.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ He went on to study the genetics of natural populations, and invented the field of ecological genetics.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ Ford was awarded the Royal Society's Darwin Medal in 1954.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ Ford was born in Dalton-in-Furness, near Ulverston, in Lancashire, England, in 1901.", "E. B. Ford __knowledge__ He was educated at Wadham College, Oxford University, graduating in zoology in 1924.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ The history of General Motors (GM), one of the world's largest car and truck manufacturers, reaches back more than a century and involves a vast scope of industrial activity around the world, mostly focused on motorized transportation and the engineering and manufacturing that make it possible.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ Founded in 1908 as a holding company in Flint, Michigan, as of 2012 it employs approximately 209,000 people around the world.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan, United States, General Motors manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "History of General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ The automotive industry in the United States began in the 1890s and, as a result of the size of the domestic market and the use of mass-production, rapidly evolved into the largest in the world.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ However, the United States was overtaken as the largest automobile producer by Japan in the 1980s, and subsequently by China in 2008.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. is currently second among the largest manufacturer in the world by volume, with approximately 8-10 million manufactured annually.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ Notable exceptions were 5.7 million automobiles manufactured in 2009 (due to crisis), and peak production levels of 13-15 million units during the 1970s and early 2000s.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ William Crapo \"Billy\" Durant (December 8, 1861 – March 18, 1947) was a leading pioneer of the United States automobile industry, who created the system of multi-brand holding companies with different lines of cars; and the co-founder of General Motors with Frederic L. Smith, and of Chevrolet with Louis Chevrolet.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ He also founded Frigidaire.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Durant was the son of William Clark Durant and Rebecca Folger Crapo, who was born to a wealthy Massachusetts family of French descent, she being the daughter of Michigan governor Henry H. Crapo.", "William C. Durant __knowledge__ William dropped out of high school to work in his grandfather's lumberyard.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Volt is a plug-in hybrid car manufactured by General Motors, also marketed in rebadged variants as the Buick Velite 5 in China, Holden Volt in Australia and New Zealand, and with a different fascia as the Vauxhall Ampera in the United Kingdom and as the Opel Ampera in the remainder of Europe.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Sales of the 2011 Volt began in the United States in mid-December 2010, followed by various European countries and other international markets in 2011.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Global combined Volt/Ampera family sales totaled about 134,500 units by the end of December 2016.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The U.S. is the leading market, with 113,489 Volts delivered, followed by Canada with 8,884 Volts sold through November 2016.", "Buick __knowledge__ Buick (), formally the Buick Motor Division, is an upscale automobile brand of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Buick __knowledge__ It has the distinction of being the oldest active American marque of automobile, and was the company that established General Motors in 1908.", "Buick __knowledge__ Before the establishment of General Motors, GM founder William C. Durant had served as Buick's general manager and major investor.", "Buick __knowledge__ Buick also has the distinction of being the first production automobile maker in the world to equip its cars with overhead valve engines, which it did starting in 1904.", "Buick __knowledge__ For much of its existence in the North American market, Buick has been marketed as a premium automobile brand, selling luxury vehicles positioned above GM's mainstream brands, e.g." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 3, 4 ]

[ "Chevrolet is a great company. Better known now as just Chevy they were part of the General Motors Company under the Chevrolet Division. ", "Chevrolet was founded way back in 1911. That is a very long time ago for motor vehicles. You are right. Louis Chevrolet and William C Durant formed the company.", "Those are great. You can find Chevrolet vehicles in most markets around the world. ", "Back when William Durant was involved with Chevrolet he used to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors. This led him to be president of GM. There is so much history.", "Yep. In fact Chevrolet began selling mainstream cars in 1919 to compete with Ford's Model T. In 1929 it overtook Ford as best selling car in the US." ]

[ "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet", "Chevrolet" ]

[ "Victorian era", "Is she your favorite member of the British royalty?", "She would not have stood for business like this last week, that is for sure!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Victorian era __knowledge__ In the history of the United Kingdom, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ The era followed the Georgian period and preceded the Edwardian period, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the \"Belle Époque\" era of continental Europe.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Defined according to sensibilities and political concerns, the period is sometimes considered to begin with the passage of the Reform Act 1832.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ The period is characterised as one of relative peace among the great powers (as established by the Congress of Vienna), increased economic activity, \"refined sensibilities\" and national self-confidence for Great Britain.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Ideologically, the Victorian era witnessed resistance to the rationalism that defined the Georgian period and an increasing turn towards romanticism and mysticism with regard to religion, social values, and arts.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ In international relations, the supremacy of the Royal Navy helped maintain a period of relative peace among the great powers (\"Pax Britannica\") as well as economic, colonial, and industrial consolidation and expansion, a notable exception being the Crimean War (1853–56).", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Britain embarked on global imperial expansion, particularly in Asia and Africa, which made the British Empire the largest empire in history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Victorian era __knowledge__ In the history of the United Kingdom, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ The era followed the Georgian period and preceded the Edwardian period, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the \"Belle Époque\" era of continental Europe.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Defined according to sensibilities and political concerns, the period is sometimes considered to begin with the passage of the Reform Act 1832.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ The period is characterised as one of relative peace among the great powers (as established by the Congress of Vienna), increased economic activity, \"refined sensibilities\" and national self-confidence for Great Britain.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Ideologically, the Victorian era witnessed resistance to the rationalism that defined the Georgian period and an increasing turn towards romanticism and mysticism with regard to religion, social values, and arts.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ In international relations, the supremacy of the Royal Navy helped maintain a period of relative peace among the great powers (\"Pax Britannica\") as well as economic, colonial, and industrial consolidation and expansion, a notable exception being the Crimean War (1853–56).", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Britain embarked on global imperial expansion, particularly in Asia and Africa, which made the British Empire the largest empire in history.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A royalty is a payment made by one party, the licensee or franchisee to another that owns a particular asset, the licensor or franchisor for the right to ongoing use of that asset.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ Royalties are typically agreed upon as a percentage of gross or net revenues derived from the use of an asset or a fixed price per unit sold of an item of such, but there are also other modes and metrics of compensation.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A royalty interest is the right to collect a stream of future royalty payments.", "Royalty payment __knowledge__ A license agreement defines the terms under which a resource or property are licensed by one party to another, either without restriction or subject to a limitation on term, business or geographic territory, type of product, etc.", "EXperience112 __knowledge__ EXperience112 (styled \"\"eXperience112\"\" and renamed The Experiment in North America, New Zealand and Australia) is an adventure game created by Lexis Numérique, and published by Micro Application in 2007 for the Microsoft Windows platform.", "EXperience112 __knowledge__ In the game, the player does not directly control the avatar; instead, the player helps to guide the avatar via a system of cameras and remotely controlled equipment as a person who is sitting in front of a computer.", "EXperience112 __knowledge__ With the use of a sophisticated security system the player helps the main character, Lea Nichols by telling her where to go, by turning lights on and off, opening doors, entering codes, controlling helper robots, and reading the torrent of files, email, and codes you are given.", "Daimler DE __knowledge__ Daimler DE was a series of chassis made by the Daimler Company from 1946 to 1953.", "Daimler DE __knowledge__ DE chassis were the basis for Daimler's largest and most expensive cars at the time.", "Daimler DE __knowledge__ There were two versions: the short-wheelbase DE 27 with the Daimler Twenty-seven six cylinder engine, and the long-wheelbase DE 36, the last Daimler Straight-Eight, with the Thirty-six straight-eight engine.", "Daimler DE __knowledge__ Daimler DEs, especially the DE 36 Straight-Eight, was sold to royalty and heads of state around the world, including British royalty under the royal warrant that Daimler had held since 1900.", "Daimler DE __knowledge__ The DE chassis was also the basis for the DC ambulance chassis on which coachbuilders Barker and Hooper built five hundred units of the Daimler DC 27 Ambulance.", "Statue Square __knowledge__ Statue Square (; lit.", "Statue Square __knowledge__ \"Empress' Statue Square\") is a public pedestrian square in Central, Hong Kong.", "Statue Square __knowledge__ Built entirely on reclaimed land at the end of the 19th century, Statue Square consists of two parts separated by Chater Road into a northern and a southern section.", "Statue Square __knowledge__ It is bordered by Connaught Road Central in the north and by Des Voeux Road Central in the south.", "Statue Square __knowledge__ The name is a reference to the statues, mainly of British royalty, which stood on the square until the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong during World War II.", "Statue Square __knowledge__ Today, the only statue on the square is the one of Sir Thomas Jackson, 1st Baronet, an early HSBC banker.", "Burial places of British royalty __knowledge__ These burial places of British royalty record the known graves of monarchs who have reigned in some part of the British Isles (currently includes only the monarchs of Scotland, England, native princes of Wales to 1283, or monarchs of the Great Britain, and the United Kingdom), as well as members of their royal families.", "Military service by British royalty __knowledge__ This is a list detailing military service by British royalty, namely formal military service and not the honorary titles given to the members of the Royal Family.", "Military service by British royalty __knowledge__ A few English monarchs came to the throne from other countries and served in the armies of their home country.", "Military service by British royalty __knowledge__ A few served in other armies during their exile.", "List of statues of British royalty in London __knowledge__ This is a list of statues of British royalty in London.", "Women in the Victorian era __knowledge__ The status of women in the Victorian era was often seen as an illustration of the striking discrepancy between the United Kingdom's national power and wealth and what many, then and now, consider its appalling social conditions.", "Women in the Victorian era __knowledge__ During the era symbolized by the reign of British monarch Queen Victoria, women did not have the right to vote, sue, or own property.", "Women in the Victorian era __knowledge__ At the same time, women participated in the paid workforce in increasing numbers following the Industrial Revolution.", "Women in the Victorian era __knowledge__ Feminist ideas spread among the educated middle classes, discriminatory laws were repealed, and the women's suffrage movement gained momentum in the last years of the Victorian era.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Victorian fashion __knowledge__ Victorian fashion comprises the various fashions and trends in British culture that emerged and developed in the United Kingdom and the British Empire throughout the Victorian era, roughly 1830s to 1900s (decade).", "Victorian fashion __knowledge__ The period saw many changes in fashion, including changes in styles, fashion technology and the methods of distribution.", "Victorian fashion __knowledge__ Various movement in architecture, literature, and the decorative and visual arts as well as a changing perception of the traditional gender roles also influenced fashion Under Queen Victoria's rule, England enjoyed a period of economic growth along with technological advancement.", "Grandchildren of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha __knowledge__ This is a list of the 42 grandchildren of the British Queen Victoria (1819–1901, queen from 1837, married 1840) and her husband Prince Albert (the Prince Consort, 1819–1861), each of whom was therefore either a sibling or a first cousin to each of the others.", "Grandchildren of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha __knowledge__ It also lists Victoria and Albert's 9 children and 87 great-grandchildren, as well as the spouses of those children and grandchildren who married.", "Grandchildren of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha __knowledge__ Victoria and Albert had 20 grandsons and 22 granddaughters, of whom two (the youngest sons of Prince Alfred and Princess Helena) were stillborn, and two more (Prince Alexander John of Wales and Prince Harald of Schleswig-Holstein) died shortly after birth.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Victorian morality __knowledge__ Victorian morality is a distillation of the moral views of people living at the time of Queen Victoria's reign (1837–1901) and of the moral climate of the United Kingdom of the 19th century in general, which contrasted greatly with the morality of the previous Georgian period.", "Victorian morality __knowledge__ Many of these values spread throughout the British Empire.", "Victorian morality __knowledge__ Today, the term \"Victorian morality\" can describe any set of values that espouse sexual restraint, low tolerance of crime and a strict social code of conduct.", "Victorian morality __knowledge__ The term \"Victorian\" was first used during the Great Exhibition in London (1851), where Victorian inventions and morals were shown to the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Victorian era __knowledge__ In the history of the United Kingdom, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ The era followed the Georgian period and preceded the Edwardian period, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the \"Belle Époque\" era of continental Europe.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Defined according to sensibilities and political concerns, the period is sometimes considered to begin with the passage of the Reform Act 1832.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ The period is characterised as one of relative peace among the great powers (as established by the Congress of Vienna), increased economic activity, \"refined sensibilities\" and national self-confidence for Great Britain.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Ideologically, the Victorian era witnessed resistance to the rationalism that defined the Georgian period and an increasing turn towards romanticism and mysticism with regard to religion, social values, and arts.", "Victorian era __knowledge__ In international relations, the supremacy of the Royal Navy helped maintain a period of relative peace among the great powers (\"Pax Britannica\") as well as economic, colonial, and industrial consolidation and expansion, a notable exception being the Crimean War (1853–56).", "Victorian era __knowledge__ Britain embarked on global imperial expansion, particularly in Asia and Africa, which made the British Empire the largest empire in history.", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ Annie Get Your Gun is a musical with lyrics and music by Irving Berlin and a book by Dorothy Fields and her brother Herbert Fields.", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ The story is a fictionalized version of the life of Annie Oakley (1860–1926), a sharpshooter who starred in Buffalo Bill's Wild West, and her romance with sharpshooter Frank E. Butler (1847–1926).", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ The 1946 Broadway production was a hit, and the musical had long runs in both New York (1,147 performances) and London, spawning revivals, a 1950 film version and television versions.", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ Songs that became hits include \"There's No Business Like Show Business\", \"Doin' What Comes Natur'lly\", \"You Can't Get a Man with a Gun\", \"They Say It's Wonderful\", and \"Anything You Can Do.\"", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ Irving Berlin (born Israel Beilin; May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, widely considered one of the greatest songwriters in American history.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ His music forms a great part of the Great American Songbook.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ Born in Imperial Russia, Berlin arrived in the United States at the age of five.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ He published his first song, \"Marie from Sunny Italy\", in 1907, receiving 33 cents for the publishing rights, and had his first major international hit, \"Alexander's Ragtime Band\" in 1911.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ He also was an owner of the Music Box Theatre on Broadway.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ \"Alexander's Ragtime Band\" sparked an international dance craze in places as far away as Berlin's native Russia, which also \"flung itself into the ragtime beat with an abandon bordering on mania.\"", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ Irving Berlin's There's No Business Like Show Business is a 1954 20th Century-Fox DeLuxe Color musical-comedy-drama in CinemaScope, directed by Walter Lang.", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ It stars an ensemble cast, consisting of Ethel Merman, Dan Dailey, Donald O'Connor, Mitzi Gaynor, Marilyn Monroe, Johnnie Ray, and Richard Eastham.", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ The title is borrowed from the famous song in the stage musical (and MGM film) \"Annie Get Your Gun\".", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Phoebe Ephron and Henry Ephron, based on a story by Lamar Trotti; and the movie was Fox's first musical in CinemaScope and DeLuxe Color.", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ Donald O'Connor later called the film the best picture he ever made.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (often abridged as Last Week Tonight) is an American late-night talk and news satire television program hosted by comedian John Oliver.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ The half-hour-long show premiered on Sunday, April 27, 2014, on HBO.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ \"Last Week Tonight\" shares some similarities with Comedy Central's \"The Daily Show\" (where Oliver was previously featured as a correspondent and fill-in host), as it takes a satirical look at news, politics and current events, but on a weekly basis.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Oliver has stated that he has \"full creative freedom, including free rein to criticize corporations.\"", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ His initial contract with HBO was for two years with an option for extension.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Mitzi Gaynor __knowledge__ Mitzi Gaynor (born September 4, 1931) is an American actress, singer, and dancer.", "Mitzi Gaynor __knowledge__ Notable films included \"There's No Business Like Show Business\" (1954), which featured Irving Berlin's music and also starred Ethel Merman, Dan Dailey, Marilyn Monroe, Donald O'Connor, and Johnnie Ray; and \"South Pacific\", the 1958 motion picture adaptation of the stage musical by Rodgers and Hammerstein.", "Mitzi Gaynor __knowledge__ Gaynor was born Francesca Marlene de Czanyi von Gerber in Chicago to Pauline Fisher, a dancer, and Henry von Gerber, a violinist, cellist, and music director.", "Mitzi Gaynor __knowledge__ After her father remarried, she became step-sister to anti-war activist Donald W. Duncan.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ This article covers worldwide diplomacy and, more generally, the international relations of the major powers, from 1814 to 1919, with links to more detailed articles.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ The international relations of minor countries are covered in their own history articles.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ This era covers the period from the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), to the end of the First World War and the Paris Peace Conference.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ For the previous era see International relations, 1648–1814.", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ For the 1920s and 1930s see International relations (1919–1939).", "International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) __knowledge__ Important themes include the rapid industrialization and growing power of Britain, Europe and, later in the period, the United States and Japan.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Eleftherios Venizelos __knowledge__ Eleftherios Kyriakou Venizelos (full name \"Elefthérios Kyriákou Venizélos\", ; ; 23 August 1864 – 18 March 1936) was an eminent Greek leader of the Greek national liberation movement and a charismatic statesman of the early 20th century remembered for his promotion of liberal-democratic policies.", "Eleftherios Venizelos __knowledge__ As leader of the Liberal Party, he was elected several times as Prime Minister of Greece, serving from 1910 to 1920 and from 1928 to 1933.", "Eleftherios Venizelos __knowledge__ Venizelos had such profound influence on the internal and external affairs of Greece that he is credited with being \"the maker of modern Greece\", and is still widely known as the \"Ethnarch\".", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The history of Europe covers the peoples inhabiting Europe from prehistory to the present.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The period known as classical antiquity began with the emergence of the city-states of ancient Greece.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Later, the Roman Empire came to dominate the entire Mediterranean basin.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ The fall of the Roman Empire in AD 476 traditionally marks the start of the Middle Ages.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Beginning in the 14th century a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ Simultaneously, the Protestant Reformation set up Protestant churches primarily in Germany, Scandinavia and England.", "History of Europe __knowledge__ After 1800, the Industrial Revolution brought prosperity to Britain and Western Europe.", "History of Germany __knowledge__ The concept of Germany as a distinct region in central Europe can be traced to Roman commander Julius Caesar, who referred to the unconquered area east of the Rhine as \"Germania\", thus distinguishing it from Gaul (France), which he had conquered.", "History of Germany __knowledge__ The victory of the Germanic tribes in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (AD 9) prevented annexation by the Roman Empire, although the Roman provinces of Germania Superior and Germania Inferior were established along the Rhine.", "History of Germany __knowledge__ Following the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Franks conquered the other West Germanic tribes.", "History of Germany __knowledge__ When the Frankish Empire was divided among Charlemagne's heirs in 843, the eastern part became East Francia.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Great Depression __knowledge__ The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, originating in the United States.", "Great Depression __knowledge__ The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until 1941.", "Great Depression __knowledge__ It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century.", "Great Depression __knowledge__ In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline.", "Great Depression __knowledge__ The depression started in the United States after a major fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929, and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday)." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 5 ]

[ "I like the Victorian Era, between 1837 to 1901, when Queen Victoria reigned. ", "Yes, and this was the period when there was peace with great powers, the economy increased, and Great Britain had a lot of self confidence.", "That's true. The Victorian Period is when there was romanticism and mysticism to the concepts of social values, religion and arts. Quite different from the Georgian period." ]

[ "Victorian era", "Victorian era", "Victorian era" ]

[ "Video game\nI LOVEM ", "I LIE TO PLAY GAMES IN MY BROWSER ON THE WEB, LIKE CALL OF WAR 1942, A WAR GAME.", "yeah, just the keyboard. it's a simulation game. you should try it.", "no, but i play competitive pinball on the weekends. see ifpa.org for info.", "about 5 minutes lol. they slick up the machines. the URL is www.ifpapinball.com. you can find a league near you. we play about 3 hours a week." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Free-to-play __knowledge__ Free-to-play (F2P or FtP) refers to video games which give players access to a significant portion of their content without paying.", "Free-to-play __knowledge__ There are several kinds of free-to-play games, but the most common is based on the freemium software model, thus free-to-play games are oftentimes not entirely free.", "Free-to-play __knowledge__ For freemium games, users are granted access to a fully functional game, but must pay microtransactions to access additional content.", "Free-to-play __knowledge__ Free-to-play can be contrasted with pay to play, in which payment is required before using a service for the first time.", "Free-to-play __knowledge__ The model was first popularly used in early massively multiplayer online games targeted towards casual gamers, before finding wider adoption among games released by major video game publishers to combat video game piracy and high system requirements.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"MÄR\" series developed and designed by Nobuyuki Anzai.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ (虎水ギンタ \"Toramizu Ginta\") (バッボ) Babbo is a unique ÄRM that was first wielded by Phantom and is later wielded by Ginta.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He resembles a metal kendama.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He contained the soul of the previous Elder of Caldia.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Babbo has many forms: (スノウ, \"Sunou\") Snow who was on the run from her step mother with her servant and good friend Ed.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ People were told by the queen to kill her.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Much later they find an abandoned castle.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ As they explore it Snow decided to seal herself away in ice.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Ed tried to convince her to not seal herself, but Snow reminded him about the fact of the people after her and told him to run.", "Far-Play __knowledge__ Far-Play (stylized fAR-Play, from augmented reality) is a software platform developed at the University of Alberta, for creating location-based, scavenger-hunt style games which use the GPS and web-connectivity features of a player's smartphone.", "Far-Play __knowledge__ According to the development team, \"our long-term objective is to develop a general framework that supports the implementation of AARGs that are fun to play and also educational\".", "Far-Play __knowledge__ It utilizes Layar, an augmented reality smartphone application, QR codes located at particular real-world sites, or a phone's web browser, to facilitate games which require players to be in close physical proximity to predefined \"nodes\".", "Business war games __knowledge__ Business war gaming or business wargaming is an adaptation of the art of simulating moves and counter-moves in a commercial setting.", "Business war games __knowledge__ Unlike military war games, or fantasy war games which can be set hundreds of years in the past, business war games are usually set in the present and are a relatively recent development, but they are growing rapidly.", "Business war games __knowledge__ The rationale for running a business war game is that it is a tool of particular value when the competitive environment is undergoing a process of change, as it allows decision makers to consider proactively how different players can react to the change, and to each other.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "Video game console __knowledge__ A video game console is an electronic, digital or computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play.", "Video game console __knowledge__ The term \"video game console\" is primarily used to distinguish a console machine primarily designed for consumers to use for playing video games, in contrast to arcade machines or home computers.", "Video game console __knowledge__ An arcade machine consists of a video game computer, display, game controller (joystick, buttons, etc.)", "Video game console __knowledge__ and speakers housed in large chassis.", "Video game console __knowledge__ A home computer is a personal computer designed for home use for a variety of purposes, such as bookkeeping, accessing the Internet and playing video games.", "Continuous-wave radar __knowledge__ Continuous-wave radar is a type of radar system where a known stable frequency continuous wave radio energy is transmitted and then received from any reflecting objects.", "Continuous-wave radar __knowledge__ Continuous-wave (CW) radar uses Doppler, which renders the radar immune to interference from large stationary objects and slow moving clutter.", "Continuous-wave radar __knowledge__ CW radar systems are used at both ends of the range spectrum.", "Continuous-wave radar __knowledge__ The main advantage of CW radar is that energy is not pulsed so these are much simpler to manufacture and operate.", "Continuous-wave radar __knowledge__ They have no minimum or maximum range, although the broadcast power level imposes a practical limit on range.", "Continuous-wave radar __knowledge__ Continuous-wave radar maximize total power on a target because the transmitter is broadcasting continuously.", "Hand Held Products __knowledge__ Hand Held Products was the world's largest manufacturer of linear and 2D handheld barcode scanners based on imaging technology.", "Hand Held Products __knowledge__ Its product range included rugged mobile computers, image kiosks, and barcode verification devices.", "Hand Held Products __knowledge__ Its range of data collection and communication products were designed for mobile, on-site, and transaction processing applications.", "Hand Held Products __knowledge__ The company was created in a merger between the former Welch Allyn Data Collection, Inc. and Hand Held Products, Inc. in late 1999.", "Hand Held Products __knowledge__ Welch Allyn Data Collection was formed in 1972 as a subsidiary of Welch Allyn, headquartered in Skaneateles Falls, New York, and by the 1990s was manufacturing a complete line of handheld bar code readers.", "MLB Advanced Media __knowledge__ MLB Advanced Media (MLBAM) is a limited partnership of the club owners of Major League Baseball based in New York City and is the Internet and interactive branch of the league.", "MLB Advanced Media __knowledge__ Robert Bowman, president and CEO of MLBAM, indicated in May 2012 that MLBAM generates around $620 million a year in revenue.", "MLB Advanced Media __knowledge__ \"Forbes\" went as far as calling the company \"the Biggest Media Company You've Never Heard Of\".", "MLB Advanced Media __knowledge__ The company operates the official web site for the league and the thirty Major League Baseball club web sites via MLB.com, which draws four million hits per day.", "MLB Advanced Media __knowledge__ The site offers news, standings, statistics, and schedules, and subscribers have access to live audio and video broadcasts of most games.", "Electronic dictionary __knowledge__ An electronic dictionary is a dictionary whose data exists in digital form and can be accessed through a number of different media.", "Electronic dictionary __knowledge__ Electronic dictionaries can be found in several forms, including: Most of the early electronic dictionaries were, in effect, print dictionaries made available in digital form: the content was identical, but the electronic editions provided users with more powerful search functions.", "Electronic dictionary __knowledge__ But soon the opportunities offered by digital media began to be exploited.", "Electronic dictionary __knowledge__ Two obvious advantages are that limitations of space (and the need to optimize its use) become less pressing, so additional content can be provided; and the possibility arises of including multimedia content, such as audio pronunciations and video clips." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "Simulations and games in economics education __knowledge__ A simulation game is \"a game that contains a mixture of skill, chance, and strategy to simulate an aspect of reality, such as a stock exchange\".", "Simulations and games in economics education __knowledge__ Similarly, Finnish author Virpi Ruohomäki states that \"a simulation game combines the features of a game (competition, cooperation, rules, participants, roles) with those of a simulation (incorporation of critical features of reality).", "Simulations and games in economics education __knowledge__ A game is a simulation game if its rules refer to an empirical model of reality.\"", "Simulations and games in economics education __knowledge__ A properly built simulation game used to teach or learn economics would closely follow the assumptions and rules of the theoretical models within this discipline.", "Simulation __knowledge__ Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time.", "Simulation __knowledge__ The act of simulating something first requires that a model be developed; this model represents the key characteristics, behaviors and functions of the selected physical or abstract system or process.", "Simulation __knowledge__ The model represents the system itself, whereas the simulation represents the operation of the system over time.", "Simulation __knowledge__ Simulation is used in many contexts, such as simulation of technology for performance optimization, safety engineering, testing, training, education, and video games.", "Simulation __knowledge__ Often, computer experiments are used to study simulation models.", "Business simulation __knowledge__ Business simulation is simulation used for business training, education or analysis.", "Business simulation __knowledge__ It can be scenario-based or numeric-based.", "Business simulation __knowledge__ Most business simulations are used for business acumen training and development.", "Business simulation __knowledge__ Learning objectives include: strategic thinking, decision making, problem solving, financial analysis, market analysis, operations, teamwork and leadership.", "Business simulation __knowledge__ The business gaming community seems lately to have adopted the term business simulation game instead of just gaming or just simulation.", "Business simulation __knowledge__ The word simulation is sometimes considered too mechanistic for educational purposes.", "Business simulation __knowledge__ Simulation also refers to activities where an optimum for some problem is searched for, while this is not usually the aim of an educational game.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ A video game genre is a specific category of games related by similar gameplay characteristics.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres are not usually defined by the actual content of the game or its medium of play, but by its common challenge.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres may encompass a wide variety of games, leading to even more specific classifications called \"subgenres\".", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ For example, an action game can be classified into many subgenres such as platform games and fighting games.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Some games, most notably browser and mobile games, are commonly classified into multiple genres.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ The following is a list of all commonly defined video game genres, with short descriptions for individual genres and major subgenres.", "Government simulation game __knowledge__ A government simulation or political simulation is a game that attempts to simulate the government and politics of all or part of a nation.", "Government simulation game __knowledge__ These games may include geopolitical situations (involving the formation and execution of foreign policy), the creation of domestic political policies, or the simulation of political campaigns.", "Government simulation game __knowledge__ They differ from the genre of classical wargames due to their discouragement or abstraction of military or action elements.", "Government simulation game __knowledge__ Games based on geopolitics and elections existed long before the emergence of personal computers and their ability to quickly process large amounts of statistical data.", "Backflip Studios __knowledge__ Backflip Studios is a mobile game developer and publisher based in Boulder, Colorado, United States.", "Backflip Studios __knowledge__ It was founded by Julian Farrior, Dale Thoms and Tom Blind in April 2009.", "Backflip Studios __knowledge__ In August 2009, it was announced that the company had raised US$145,000 in funding to continue developing for the iPhone OS.", "Backflip Studios __knowledge__ Backflip Studios is best known for their free iOS game \"Paper Toss\", which has been downloaded over 50 million times.", "Backflip Studios __knowledge__ They are also widely known for \"Dragonvale\", with over 10 million downloads.", "Backflip Studios __knowledge__ In 2013, Backflip Studios sold a 70% stake in the company to Hasbro for $112 million in cash.", "Backflip Studios __knowledge__ \"Ragdoll Blaster\" is a physics game in which players solve puzzles by shooting targets with rag dolls and a cannon.", "Space flight simulation game __knowledge__ A space flight simulation game is a genre of flight simulator video games that lets players experience space flight to varying degrees of realism.", "Space flight simulation game __knowledge__ Many games feature space combat, and some games feature commerce and trading in addition to combat.", "Space flight simulation game __knowledge__ Some games in the genre aim to recreate a realistic portrayal of space flight, involving the calculation of orbits within a more complete physics simulation than pseudo space flight simulators.", "Space flight simulation game __knowledge__ Others focus on gameplay rather than simulating space flight in all its facets.", "Space flight simulation game __knowledge__ The realism of the latter games is limited to what the game designer deems to be appropriate for the gameplay, instead of focusing on the realism of moving the spacecraft in space.", "Computer keyboard __knowledge__ In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as a mechanical lever or electronic switch.", "Computer keyboard __knowledge__ Following the decline of punch cards and paper tape, interaction via teleprinter-style keyboards became the main input device for computers.", "Computer keyboard __knowledge__ A keyboard typically has characters engraved or printed on the keys (buttons) and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol.", "Computer keyboard __knowledge__ However, to produce some symbols requires pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence.", "Computer keyboard __knowledge__ While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous key presses can produce actions or execute computer commands.", "Computer mouse __knowledge__ A computer mouse is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface.", "Computer mouse __knowledge__ This motion is typically translated into the motion of a pointer on a display, which allows a smooth control of the graphical user interface.", "Computer mouse __knowledge__ The first public demonstration of a mouse controlling a computer system was in 1968.", "Computer mouse __knowledge__ Originally wired to a computer, modern mice are often cordless, relying on short-range radio communication with the connected system.", "Computer mouse __knowledge__ Mice originally used a ball rolling on a surface to detect motion, but modern mice often have optical sensors that have no moving parts.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ A keyboard layout is any specific \"mechanical\", \"visual\", or \"functional\" arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer, typewriter, or other typographic keyboard.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ Most computer keyboards are designed to send scancodes to the operating system, rather than directly sending characters.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ From there, the series of scancodes is converted into a character stream by keyboard layout software.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ This allows a physical keyboard to be dynamically mapped to any number of layouts without switching hardware components – merely by changing the software that interprets the keystrokes.", "Arrow keys __knowledge__ Cursor movement keys or arrow keys are buttons on a computer keyboard that are either programmed or designated to move the cursor in a specified direction.", "Arrow keys __knowledge__ The term \"cursor movement key\" is distinct from \"arrow key\" in that the former term may refer to any of various keys on a computer keyboard designated for cursor movement, whereas \"arrow keys\" generally refers to one of four specific keys, typically marked with arrows.", "Arrow keys __knowledge__ Arrow keys are typically located at the bottom of the keyboard to the left side of the numeric keypad, usually arranged in an inverted-T layout but also found in diamond shapes and linear shapes.", "KVM switch __knowledge__ A KVM switch (with KVM being an abbreviation for \"keyboard, video and mouse\") is a hardware device that allows a user to control multiple computers from one or more sets of keyboards, video monitors, and mice.", "KVM switch __knowledge__ Although multiple computers are connected to the KVM, typically a smaller number of computers can be controlled at any given time.", "KVM switch __knowledge__ Modern devices have also added the ability to share other peripherals like USB devices and audio.", "KVM switch __knowledge__ Before the mouse became relevant in server switching applications, the term Keyboard Video Switch (KVS) was used to describe keyboard and monitor switching devices.", "IBM PCjr __knowledge__ The IBM PCjr (read \"PC junior\") was IBM's first attempt to enter the home computer market.", "IBM PCjr __knowledge__ The PCjr, IBM model number 4860, retained the IBM PC's 8088 CPU and BIOS interface for compatibility, but various design and implementation decisions led the PCjr to be a commercial failure.", "IBM PCjr __knowledge__ Announced November 1, 1983, and first shipped in late January 1984, the PCjr—nicknamed \"Peanut\" before its debut—came in two models: the 4860-004, with 64 KB of memory, priced at US$669 (); and the 4860-067, with 128 KB of memory and a 360 KB 5.25-inch floppy disk drive, priced at US$1,269 ().", "IBM PCjr __knowledge__ It was manufactured for IBM in Lewisburg, Tennessee by Teledyne.", "Chorded keyboard __knowledge__ A keyset or chorded keyboard (also called a chorded keyset, \"chord keyboard\" or \"chording keyboard\") is a computer input device that allows the user to enter characters or commands formed by pressing several keys together, like playing a \"chord\" on a piano.", "Chorded keyboard __knowledge__ The large number of combinations available from a small number of keys allows text or commands to be entered with one hand, leaving the other hand free.", "Chorded keyboard __knowledge__ A secondary advantage is that it can be built into a device (such as a pocket-sized computer or a bicycle handlebar) that is too small to contain a normal-sized keyboard.", "Chorded keyboard __knowledge__ A chorded keyboard minus the board, typically designed to be used while held in the hand, is called a keyer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Pinball is a type of arcade game, in which points are scored by a player manipulating one or more steel balls on a play field inside a glass-covered cabinet called a pinball machine (or \"pinball table\").", "Pinball __knowledge__ The primary objective of the game is to score as many points as possible.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Many modern pinball machines include a story line where the player must complete certain objectives in a certain fashion to complete the story, usually earning high scores for different methods of completing the game.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Points are earned when the ball strikes different targets on the play field.", "Pinball __knowledge__ A drain is situated at the bottom of the play field, partially protected by player-controlled plastic bats called flippers.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ The Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show is an annual pinball and arcade game festival held in Tacoma, Washington, United States The Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show draws between 3,000 collectors and fans each June to the Seattle area.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ The festival began as a small annual event held by Washington pinball collectors, but in 2008 became a full-fledged regional convention featuring hundreds of pinball machines, arcade games, electro-mechanical games, speakers, vendors and tournaments.", "Northwest Pinball and Arcade Show __knowledge__ In 2013 the show expanded in size, prompting a move from the Seattle Center to the Greater Tacoma Convention and Trade Center.", "International Footbag Players' Association __knowledge__ The International Footbag Players' Association, Inc. (IFPA) is a U.S. 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation that serves as the international governing body for the sport of footbag.", "International Footbag Players' Association __knowledge__ IFPA as a corporation has existed since 1994, though its name changed in 2000 from World-Wide Footbag Foundation, Inc. (its originally incorporated name as a California non-profit corporation).", "International Footbag Players' Association __knowledge__ IFPA is an all-volunteer organization made up of players and organizers from countries all around the world.", "International Footbag Players' Association __knowledge__ Among other things, IFPA is the rules body and the sanctioning body for competitive footbag sports.", "International Footbag Players' Association __knowledge__ IFPA oversees the World Footbag Championships as they move from city to city each year, and hosts the Footbag WorldWide Information Service.", "Irish Family Planning Association __knowledge__ The Irish Family Planning Association (the IFPA) is an Irish charity working to enable people to make informed choices about sexuality and reproduction.", "Irish Family Planning Association __knowledge__ The organisation promotes the right of all people to sexual and reproductive health information as well as dedicated, confidential and affordable healthcare services.", "Irish Family Planning Association __knowledge__ The availability of contraception in the Republic of Ireland was illegal in the Irish Free State (later the Republic of Ireland) from 1935 until 1980, when it was legalised with strong restrictions, later loosened.", "Irish Family Planning Association __knowledge__ Ireland's first family planning clinic, the Fertility Guidance Company Ltd (later to change its name to the IFPA), was established by seven volunteers in Merrion Square, Dublin, in 1969.", "Professional and Amateur Pinball Association __knowledge__ The Professional and Amateur Pinball Association (PAPA) is an organization supporting the game of pinball as a recreational and competitive sport.", "Professional and Amateur Pinball Association __knowledge__ PAPA is currently a brand owned and operated by the Replay Foundation and is based in Scott Township, Pennsylvania, just outside Pittsburgh.", "Professional and Amateur Pinball Association __knowledge__ The main activity of the organization is hosting the annual World Pinball Championships and Pinburgh Match-Play Championship.", "Professional and Amateur Pinball Association __knowledge__ Each event brings hundreds of serious pinball players from around the world to compete for a number of large cash prizes.", "Professional and Amateur Pinball Association __knowledge__ The World Pinball Championships run for four days and allow competitors to register in different divisions which accommodate beginners and skilled players alike.", "International Fighter Pilots Academy __knowledge__ The International Fighter Pilots Academy (IFPA) was originally established in the Slovak Republic (Central Europe) in early 1993 as an official training unit (55 Squadron under the 5th Training Wing) permitting civilian visitors to participate in flying activities on operational military aircraft.", "International Fighter Pilots Academy __knowledge__ The unit was originally formed to raise money for the \"cash-strapped\" Slovak Air Force.", "International Fighter Pilots Academy __knowledge__ Aircraft available include jet fighters (L-39C, MIG-21UM, MIG-29UB) and helicopters (Mil Mi-2, Mil Mi-17, Mil Mi-24) at the various operational air bases of the Slovakian Air Force (SAF).", "International Fighter Pilots Academy __knowledge__ The IFPA founder was an Australian Pilot - Thomas Orsos, who was promoted to Commander of IFPA and awarded the honorary rank of Lt. Col. for services rendered to the Slovak Republic's Air Force in operating \"accident-free\" operations of the IFPA unit for over 5 years and processing some 400+ visitor pilots.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ Metroid Prime Pinball is a pinball video game themed after the \"Metroid\" series.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ The game uses the graphical style and various story elements from \"Metroid Prime\".", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ It was developed by Fuse Games for the Nintendo DS handheld game console, and released by Nintendo in North America and Australia in 2005, in Japan in 2006, and in Europe in 2007.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ \"Metroid Prime Pinball\" uses the basic mechanics of pinball, along with typical pinball items.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ New mechanics are introduced, such as wall jumping and the ability to fire weapons.", "Metroid Prime Pinball __knowledge__ The Nintendo DS's touchscreen can be nudged with a finger to alter the pinball's trajectory while in motion.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Video game music __knowledge__ Video game music is the soundtrack that accompanies video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ Early video game music was once limited to simple melodies of early sound synthesizer technology.", "Video game music __knowledge__ These limitations inspired the style of music known as chiptunes, which combines simple melodic styles with more complex patterns or traditional music styles, and became the most popular sound of the first video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ With advances in technology, video game music has now grown to include the same breadth and complexity associated with television and film scores, allowing for much more creative freedom.", "Video game music __knowledge__ While simple synthesizer pieces are still common, game music now includes full orchestral pieces and popular music.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Video game console __knowledge__ A video game console is an electronic, digital or computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play.", "Video game console __knowledge__ The term \"video game console\" is primarily used to distinguish a console machine primarily designed for consumers to use for playing video games, in contrast to arcade machines or home computers.", "Video game console __knowledge__ An arcade machine consists of a video game computer, display, game controller (joystick, buttons, etc.)", "Video game console __knowledge__ and speakers housed in large chassis.", "Video game console __knowledge__ A home computer is a personal computer designed for home use for a variety of purposes, such as bookkeeping, accessing the Internet and playing video games.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "I Like Fun __knowledge__ I Like Fun is the twentieth studio album from New York City-based alternative rock band They Might Be Giants, released on January 19, 2018.", "I Like Fun __knowledge__ The band began recording on April 3, 2017, at Reservoir Studios (former site of Skyline Studios), using the same studio space the band used to record \"Flood\".", "I Like Fun __knowledge__ In October 2017, the band confirmed the album was scheduled to be released January 19, 2018, along with the return of their Dial-A-Song service.", "I Like Fun __knowledge__ The album's track listing was revealed on October 23, alongside an early download of the track \"I Left My Body\".", "I Like Fun __knowledge__ \"I Like Fun\" was available for pre-release streaming on January 11, 2018.", "Home video game console __knowledge__ A home video game console, or simply home console, is a video game device that is primarily used for home gamers, as opposed to in arcades or some other commercial establishment.", "Home video game console __knowledge__ Home consoles are one type of video game consoles, in contrast to the handheld game consoles which are smaller and portable, allowing people to carry them and play them at any time or place, along with microconsoles and dedicated consoles.", "Home video game console __knowledge__ Below is a timeline of each generation with the top three home video consoles of each generation based on worldwide sales.", "Home video game console __knowledge__ For a complete list of home video consoles released in each generation please see the respective article of each generation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Video game __knowledge__ Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones.", "Video game __knowledge__ The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms.", "Video game __knowledge__ Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body.", "URL redirection __knowledge__ URL redirection, also called URL forwarding, is a World Wide Web technique for making a web page available under more than one URL address.", "URL redirection __knowledge__ When a web browser attempts to open a URL that has been redirected, a page with a different URL is opened.", "URL redirection __knowledge__ Similarly, domain redirection or domain forwarding is when all pages in a URL domain are redirected to a different domain, as when wikipedia.com and wikipedia.net are automatically redirected to wikipedia.org.", "URL redirection __knowledge__ URL redirection is done for various reasons: for URL shortening; to prevent broken links when web pages are moved; to allow multiple domain names belonging to the same owner to refer to a single web site; to guide navigation into and out of a website; for privacy protection; and for hostile purposes such as phishing attacks or malware distribution.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "URL shortening __knowledge__ URL shortening is a technique on the World Wide Web in which a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) may be made substantially shorter and still direct to the required page.", "URL shortening __knowledge__ This is achieved by using a redirect which links to the web page that has a long URL.", "URL shortening __knowledge__ For example, the URL \"\" can be shortened to \"\", and the URL \"\" can be shortened to \"\".", "URL shortening __knowledge__ Often the redirect domain name is shorter than the original one.", "URL shortening __knowledge__ A friendly URL may be desired for messaging technologies that limit the number of characters in a message (for example SMS), for reducing the amount of typing required if the reader is copying a URL from a print source, for making it easier for a person to remember, or for the intention of a permalink.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "Twitter __knowledge__ Twitter () is an online news and social networking service where users post and interact with messages, known as \"tweets.\"", "Twitter __knowledge__ These messages were originally restricted to 140 characters, but on November 7, 2017, the limit was doubled to 280 characters for all languages except Japanese, Korean and Chinese.", "Twitter __knowledge__ Registered users can post tweets, but those who are unregistered can only read them.", "Twitter __knowledge__ Users access Twitter through its website interface, Short Message Service (SMS) or mobile device application software (\"app\").", "Twitter __knowledge__ Twitter, Inc. is based in San Francisco, California, United States, and has more than 25 offices around the world.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The Tipperary County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) () is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Tipperary and the Tipperary inter-county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ County Tipperary holds an honoured place in the history of the GAA as the organisation was founded in Hayes' Hotel, Thurles, on 1 November 1884.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ There follows details of the events of its history and the achievements of its inter county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ Tipperary is known as 'The Premier County'.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The county team has had many first and unique achievements in the world of GAA.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ 1887- The inaugural All-Ireland senior hurling final was played on Easter Sunday 1888 in Birr, County Offaly.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ The VEX Robotics Competition is a robotics competition from elementary through university students.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ It is a subset of VEX Robotics, which is in turn a subset of Innovation First International.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ The VEX robotics world championship in April, 2016 was named the largest robotics competition in the world by Guinness World Records.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ There are three divisions of this robotics competition meant for different age groups and skill levels: VEX IQ, VEX EDR, and VEX U. VEX IQ is for elementary and middle school students only.", "VEX Robotics Competition __knowledge__ VEX EDR is for middle and high school students, and VEX U is for university students.", "2012–13 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team represented Georgetown University in the 2012–13 college basketball season.", "2012–13 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team __knowledge__ They were led by John Thompson III and played their home games at the Verizon Center.", "2012–13 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team __knowledge__ They were a member of the Big East Conference.", "2012–13 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team __knowledge__ Prior to the January 12 game at St. John's, the team's second leading scorer, Greg Whittington, was suspended indefinitely for academic issues.", "2012–13 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team __knowledge__ With a 61–39 win over their rival Syracuse Orange on March 9, 2013, the team clinched their 10th Big East Regular Season Championship.", "2012–13 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team __knowledge__ Georgetown lost to 15-seed and tournament newcomer Florida Gulf Coast University 78-68 in the second round of the NCAA Tournament.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Pitch (or \"High Low Jack\") is an American trick-taking card game derived from the English game of All Fours (Seven Up).", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Historically, Pitch started as \"Blind All Fours\", a very simple All Fours variant that is still played in England as a pub game.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ The modern game involving a bidding phase and setting back a party's score if the bid is not reached came up in the middle of the 19th century and is more precisely known as Auction Pitch or Setback.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Whereas All Fours started as a two-player game, Pitch is most popular for three to five players.", "Pitch (card game) __knowledge__ Four can play individually or in fixed partnerships, depending in part on regional preferences.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ The 2008 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida in the sport of American football during the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ The Gators competed in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Eastern Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), and played their home games in Ben Hill Griffin Stadium on the university's Gainesville, Florida, campus.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ They were led by fourth-year head coach Urban Meyer.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ After clinching the SEC East, the Gators defeated then top-ranked Alabama Crimson Tide 31–20 in the SEC Championship Game to win their eighth conference title.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "2007 Texas A&M Aggies football team __knowledge__ The 2007 Texas A&M Aggies football team (often referred to as \"A&M\" or the \"Aggies\") represented Texas A&M University in the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2007 Texas A&M Aggies football team __knowledge__ The team was coached by Dennis Franchione, who had coached at A&M since the 2003 season, but resigned at the conclusion of the annual game with the Texas Lognhorns.", "2007 Texas A&M Aggies football team __knowledge__ The Aggies were led on offense by junior quarterback Stephen McGee.", "2007 Texas A&M Aggies football team __knowledge__ The team played their home games at Kyle Field, an 82,600-person capacity stadium on A&M's campus in College Station, Texas.", "2007 Texas A&M Aggies football team __knowledge__ The Fightin' Texas Aggie Band performs at all home games and select away games during half-time." ] ]

[ 5, 8, 6, 10, 8 ]

[ "video games range from computers to small hand held devices. which do you prefer?", "awesome! do you have a special control that you use? mouse/keyboard?", "sounds like fun! do you play on any other consoles?", "how cool! how long is the game since the objective is to score as many points as possible?", "interesting. I like playing on the wii, because of the sensor motions/person's hands and body movements. " ]

[ "Video game", "Video game", "Video game", "Video game", "Video game" ]

[ "Inline skates\nDo you skate at all? I like to sake but I am not all that good at it", "Me too, but I fell a lot and that was not fun", "A decent amount, I go when they have parties and other pepole ask me but sometimes I go without any of that", "Yeah, they seem scary compared to roller skates, but you can use them better and move quicker once you learn", "I have seen some olympic ice skating, which reminds me of that girl that had the medalist kneecapped so she could win insteasd, which was disgusting" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Sake __knowledge__ , also spelled \"saké\", ( or American English ) also referred to as a Japanese rice wine, is made by fermenting rice that has been polished to remove the bran.", "Sake __knowledge__ Unlike wine, in which alcohol is produced by fermenting sugar that is naturally present in fruit, typically grapes, sake is produced by a brewing process more akin to that of beer, where starch is converted into sugars which ferment into alcohol.", "Sake __knowledge__ The brewing process for \"sake\" differs from the process for beer in that, for beer, the conversion from starch to sugar and from sugar to alcohol occurs in two distinct steps.", "Sake __knowledge__ Like other rice wines, when \"sake\" is brewed, these conversions occur simultaneously.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Skate punk (also known as skate rock, skatecore and skate-thrash) is both a skater subculture and a subgenre of punk rock music.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Originally a genre of hardcore punk closely associated with skate culture, skate punk changed into a more melodic genre of punk rock in the 1990s.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ The term usually describes the sound of 1990s punk rock bands that have a fast, melodic sound, and similar 21st-century punk rock bands.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, skate punk has been a genre that features fast tempos, lead guitar playing (including guitar riffs and guitar solos), fast drumming (usually blast beats), and singing (sometimes including vocal harmonies).", "Yuko Kavaguti __knowledge__ Yuko Kavaguti (also: Kawaguchi, Japanese: , , born 20 November 1981) is a pair skater who has represented Japan and Russia in international competition.", "Yuko Kavaguti __knowledge__ In 2006, she began competing with Alexander Smirnov for Russia.", "Yuko Kavaguti __knowledge__ They are two-time European champions (2010, 2015), two-time World bronze medalists (2009, 2010), two-time ISU Grand Prix Final bronze medalists (11–12 and 15–16), and three-time Russian national champions (2008–2010).", "Yuko Kavaguti __knowledge__ In 2015, they became the first pair in history to complete two quadruple throw jumps in one program and the first to land a quadruple throw loop.", "Yuko Kavaguti __knowledge__ In addition to her native Japanese, Kavaguti is also fluent in Russian and English.", "Yuna Kim __knowledge__ Yuna Kim KTM (born September 5, 1990), also credited in eastern name order as Kim Yuna or Kim Yeon-ah, is a South Korean former professional figure skater.", "Yuna Kim __knowledge__ She is the 2010 Olympic champion and 2014 silver medalist in ladies' singles; the 2009, 2013 World champion; the 2009 Four Continents champion; a three-time (2006–2007, 2007–2008, 2009–2010) Grand Prix Final champion; the 2006 World Junior champion; the 2005 Junior Grand Prix Final champion; and a six-time (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2013, 2014) South Korean national champion.", "Yuna Kim __knowledge__ Kim is the first South Korean figure skater to win a medal at an ISU Junior or Senior Grand Prix event, ISU Championship, and the Olympic Games.", "Javier Fernández (figure skater) __knowledge__ Javier Fernández López (born 15 April 1991 in Madrid) is a Spanish figure skater.", "Javier Fernández (figure skater) __knowledge__ He is a two-time World champion (2015, 2016), a six-time consecutive European champion (2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018), a three-time Grand Prix Final medalist (2014–15, 2015–16, 2011–12), and an eight-time Spanish national champion.", "Javier Fernández (figure skater) __knowledge__ He is the second man to break the 100-point barrier in the short program, the 200-point barrier in the long program, and the 300-point barrier in the total score.", "Javier Fernández (figure skater) __knowledge__ As of 24 May 2017, he has the second highest personal best scores in both segments and third highest in the combined score.", "Aliona Savchenko __knowledge__ Aliona Savchenko (: Aliona Valentynivna Savchenko; German Romanization: \"Aljona Sawtschenko\"; born 19 January 1984) is a Ukrainian-born German pair skater.", "Aliona Savchenko __knowledge__ With former partner Robin Szolkowy, she is the 2010 and 2014 Olympic bronze medalist, a five-time World champion (2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014), a four-time European champion (2007–2009, 2011), a four-time Grand Prix Final champion (2007, 2010, 2011, 2013), and an eight-time German national champion (2004–2009, 2011, 2014).", "Aliona Savchenko __knowledge__ The pair scored the first 10.0 ever given by a judge under the ISU Judging System.", "Aliona Savchenko __knowledge__ Savchenko originally represented Ukraine with Dmitri Boyenko and Stanislav Morozov.", "Alexander Smirnov (figure skater) __knowledge__ Alexander Viktorovich Smirnov (, born 11 October 1984) is a Russian pair skater.", "Alexander Smirnov (figure skater) __knowledge__ Smirnov teamed up with Yuko Kavaguti in May 2006.", "Alexander Smirnov (figure skater) __knowledge__ They are two-time European champions (2010, 2015), two-time World bronze medalists (2009, 2010), two-time ISU Grand Prix Final bronze medalists (11–12 and 15–16), and three-time Russian national champions (2008–2010).", "Alexander Smirnov (figure skater) __knowledge__ In 2015, they became the first pair in history to complete two quadruple throw jumps in one program and the first to land a quadruple throw loop Alexander Smirnov began skating at the age of 3½.", "Alexander Smirnov (figure skater) __knowledge__ His first coach was Larisa Yakovleva.", "Alexander Smirnov (figure skater) __knowledge__ At the age of 16, Smirnov moved from Tver to St. Petersburg and switched to pair skating." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Escape from Scorpion Island is a Bafta nominated BBC children's TV adventure game show in which contestants compete to 'escape from an exotic island'.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Series 3 was produced by Foundation/Freehand for CBBC and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Series three premiered on 5 April 2009 on CBBC and on 9 March 2009 on ABC1.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ The series will often repeat on ABC3 along with Series two.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ This series was hosted by JK and Joel.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ This series was filmed at Mission Beach in far North Queensland (near Tully and Townsville) in 2008.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ All episodes in this series were one hour long on Sundays at 9:00 am on CBBC.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The Care Bears are a group of characters created by the U.S. greeting card company American Greetings in 1981.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The title characters originally appeared in card artwork by Elena Kucharik, before branching out into various media and merchandise.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The franchise launched in 1982 with ten title characters, and in 1984 added several more characters known as the Care Bear Cousins.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Each of the Care Bears and Care Bear Cousins has a \"tummy symbol\" — a picture or pattern that indicates the role or specialty of the character bearing it.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Beginning with \"\", \"tummy symbols\" are sometimes referred to as \"belly badges.\"", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters is a 2013 dark fantasy action horror comedy film written and directed by Tommy Wirkola.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ It is a continuation to the German folklore fairy tale \"Hansel and Gretel\", in which the titular siblings are now grown up and working as a duo of witch exterminators for hire.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ The film stars Jeremy Renner, Gemma Arterton, Famke Janssen, Peter Stormare, Thomas Mann, Pihla Viitala and Derek Mears.", "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Originally scheduled for release in March 2012, \"Hansel & Gretel\" was delayed for ten months to accommodate Renner's appearances in \"The Avengers\" and \"The Bourne Legacy\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Mandatory Fun is the fourteenth studio album by American musician \"Weird Al\" Yankovic.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Self-produced, the album was released by RCA Records in the United States on July 15, 2014.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Yankovic had previously released \"Alpocalypse\" in 2011, and toured in support of it when he first spoke of his next record.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ When he began to work on what would become \"Mandatory Fun\", Yankovic found himself listening to older acts, many of which he would stylistically spoof on the album.", "Mandatory Fun __knowledge__ Recorded at studios in Los Angeles and Massachusetts from 2012 to 2014, the album contains twelve songs, which include parodies of songs by Pharrell Williams, Robin Thicke, Iggy Azalea, Lorde and Imagine Dragons.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "No Such Thing as Vampires __knowledge__ \"No Such Thing as Vampires\" is the pilot episode of the American paranormal romance television drama \"Moonlight\", which premiered on CBS on September 28, 2007, in the United States.", "No Such Thing as Vampires __knowledge__ It was written by series creators/executive producers Trevor Munson and Ron Koslow, and directed by executive producer Rod Holcomb.", "No Such Thing as Vampires __knowledge__ The pilot introduces Mick St. John (Alex O'Loughlin), a private investigator who has been a vampire for over fifty years; Beth Turner (Sophia Myles), St. John's love interest; Josef Kostan (Jason Dohring), St. John's mentor and friend; and Coraline Duvall (Shannyn Sossamon), St. John's ex-wife and sire.", "Nick Tilsley __knowledge__ Nicholas Paul \"Nick\" Tilsley (also Platt) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\".", "Nick Tilsley __knowledge__ He was born off-screen during an episode broadcast on 31 December 1980, but made his first appearance on 5 January 1981.", "Nick Tilsley __knowledge__ He was played by Warren Jackson from 1981 until 6 September 1996.", "Nick Tilsley __knowledge__ Adam Rickett took over the role on 15 October 1997 until 21 April 1999 but returned for three separate stints between 2002 and 2004 and made his final appearance as Nick on 11 July 2004.", "Nick Tilsley __knowledge__ Ben Price took over the role on 21 December 2009.", "Nick Tilsley __knowledge__ Price announced his intentions to leave the serial on 26 January 2017, before making his final on-screen appearance on 2 June 2017.", "Moonlight (TV series) __knowledge__ Moonlight is an American paranormal romance television drama created by Ron Koslow and Trevor Munson, who was also executive producer for all episodes with Joel Silver, Gerard Bocaccio, Gabrielle Stanton and Harry Werksman.", "Moonlight (TV series) __knowledge__ The series follows private investigator Mick St. John (Alex O'Loughlin), who was turned into a vampire by his bride Coraline (Shannyn Sossamon) on the couple's wedding night fifty-five years earlier.", "Moonlight (TV series) __knowledge__ In the present day, he struggles with his attraction to a mortal woman, Beth Turner (Sophia Myles), his friendship with Josef Kostan (Jason Dohring), and his dealings with other vampires in Los Angeles.", "Kate Ramsay __knowledge__ Kate Ramsay is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Ashleigh Brewer.", "Kate Ramsay __knowledge__ The actress successfully auditioned for the role and relocated to Melbourne for filming.", "Kate Ramsay __knowledge__ She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 15 May 2009.", "Kate Ramsay __knowledge__ Kate was introduced along with her siblings Harry (Will Moore) and Sophie (Kaiya Jones) as a new generation of the Ramsay family.", "Kate Ramsay __knowledge__ Her storylines have included dealing with the death of her mother, becoming the legal guardian of her siblings, her relationships with Declan Napier (James Sorensen) and Mark Brennan (Scott McGregor) and kissing a student.", "Moriz Pollack von Borkenau __knowledge__ Moriz Pollack, \"Ritter von\" Borkenau (December 24, 1827 in Vienna – August 20, 1904 in Vienna) was a Jewish Austrian financier.", "Moriz Pollack von Borkenau __knowledge__ After leaving the gymnasium of Vienna, at the age of 22, he took charge of his father's wholesale leather business, and soon succeeded in extending his export trade to France and Germany.", "Moriz Pollack von Borkenau __knowledge__ In 1857 he was elected to the municipal council of Vienna, and took an active part in the relief and construction works in the year of the great flood (1862).", "Moriz Pollack von Borkenau __knowledge__ Soon afterward he took charge of the budget of the city of Vienna, acting as auditor until his resignation in 1885.", "Moriz Pollack von Borkenau __knowledge__ In 1867 he was sent by the city of Vienna as one of the delegates on the occasion of the coronation of the King of Hungary at Budapest, and in 1873 he was made chairman of the executive committee of the Vienna Exposition.", "Waterhead Group __knowledge__ The Waterhead Group is a geologic group in Scotland.", "Waterhead Group __knowledge__ It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.", "List of Black Lagoon characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the Japanese manga and anime \"Black Lagoon\".", "List of Black Lagoon characters __knowledge__ The Lagoon Company is a mercenary/pirate group that is the main focus of the series, hired by the many criminal organisations operating in and around Roanapur to locate, acquire and smuggle items by sea.", "List of Black Lagoon characters __knowledge__ , also known as , is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Black Lagoon characters __knowledge__ He was a Japanese salaryman for Asahi Industries in Tokyo until he was taken hostage by the crew of the \"Black Lagoon\" during their raid on the ship he was on.", "List of Black Lagoon characters __knowledge__ He joined the Lagoon Company after his department chief Kageyama abandoned him (Kageyama declared him dead) in an attempt to cover up the smuggling operation in which Rock had been an unwitting participant." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ The 2007 NASCAR Busch Series was the twenty-sixth season of the NASCAR Busch Series.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ It began on February 17 with the Orbitz 300 at Daytona International Speedway and concluded on November 17 with the Ford 300 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ Carl Edwards clinched the Busch Series championship on November 3 during the O'Reilly Challenge with 2 races remaining.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ The 2007 season was the final season of the series under Anheuser-Busch's sponsorship.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ In 2008 the Busch Series became the NASCAR Nationwide Series sponsored by insurance company Nationwide Insurance with a $70 million contract for 7 years.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ The domination of the series by the Busch Whackers continued in 2007.", "Kevin Harvick __knowledge__ Kevin Michael Harvick (born December 8, 1975) is an American professional stock car racing driver.", "Kevin Harvick __knowledge__ He currently competes full-time in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No.", "Kevin Harvick __knowledge__ 4 Ford Fusion for Stewart-Haas Racing and part-time in the Xfinity Series, driving the No.", "Kevin Harvick __knowledge__ 98 Ford Mustang for SHR.", "Kevin Harvick __knowledge__ Harvick is the former owner of Kevin Harvick Incorporated, a race team that fielded cars in the Xfinity and Camping World Truck Series between 2004 and 2011.", "Kevin Harvick __knowledge__ He is the 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series champion and a two-time Xfinity Series champion.", "Kevin Harvick __knowledge__ Harvick holds the all-time record for Cup Series wins at Phoenix International Raceway with eight wins.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ RCR Enterprises, LLC, doing business as Richard Childress Racing, is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, and the Xfinity Series.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ The team is based in Welcome, North Carolina, and is owned and operated by former driver Richard Childress.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ In the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the team currently fields the No.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ 3 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 full-time for Austin Dillon and the No.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ 31 Camaro ZL1 full-time for Ryan Newman.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ In addition to its in-house Cup Series teams, RCR has technical alliances with four other Cup Series teams: the No.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ Solitary is a reality show on the Fox Reality Channel whose contestants were kept in round-the-clock solitary confinement for a number of weeks with the goal of being the last contestant remaining in solitary, for a $50,000 prize.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ It was the channel's first original series commission with its debut on May 29, 2006.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The last season, \"Solitary 4.0\", ended on March 20, 2010.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ A German version is broadcast on German TV channel ProSieben.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ Solitary 3.0 also broadcast in Singapore.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The show calls itself a \"social experiment\" in determining the physical and mental endurance of the competitors.", "Solitary (TV series) __knowledge__ The show's theme is based on solitary confinement; accordingly, the contestants are placed in isolated pods, with only an artificial intelligence named Val to communicate with.", "Bobby Labonte __knowledge__ Robert Allen \"Bobby\" Labonte (born May 8, 1964) is an American professional stock car racing driver.", "Bobby Labonte __knowledge__ The 2000 NASCAR Winston Cup Series champion, he currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Monster Energy Cup Series.", "Bobby Labonte __knowledge__ He and his older brother, Terry Labonte, are one of only two pairs of brothers to have both won the Cup championships (along with Kurt Busch and Kyle Busch).", "Bobby Labonte __knowledge__ He is also the uncle of former Xfinity Series race winner Justin Labonte.", "Bobby Labonte __knowledge__ Labonte is the first driver to have won both the Winston Cup championship (2000) and the Busch Series championship (1991).", "Bobby Labonte __knowledge__ He also won the IROC title in 2001.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Shawna Robinson __knowledge__ Shawna Robinson (born November 30, 1964) is an American retired professional stock car racing driver.", "Shawna Robinson __knowledge__ She was a competitor in all three of NASCAR's national touring series, as well as the ARCA Bondo/Mar-Hyde Series and the Charlotte/Daytona Dash Series.", "Shawna Robinson __knowledge__ Robinson is one of 16 women to participate in the NASCAR Cup Series, and one of three females to race in the sports' premier event, the Daytona 500.", "Shawna Robinson __knowledge__ Robinson started competing in her childhood and, after graduating from high school in 1983, she began racing in semi-tractors.", "Shawna Robinson __knowledge__ She achieved early success with 30 victories, and moved into the GATR Truck Series becoming the championship's rookie of the year for 1984.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive inline skating is a form of inline skating executed on specially designed inline skates with focus on grinding and spins.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Participants refer to the activity as rollerblading, \"blading,\" \"skating,\" or \"rolling.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive skating can take place on found street obstacles or at skateparks.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Street skating primarily consists of performing grinds on ledges and rails, as well as jumping tall heights known as \"gaps.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Park skating recreates these obstacles with the additions of bowls and ramps on which \"vert\" skating can be performed.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Since 1994, the sport has been chronicled in various skating films and \"edits.\"", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is a multi-disciplinary sport practiced widely internationally.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skates typically have 2 to 5 polyurethane wheels, arranged in a single line by a metal or plastic frame on the underside of a boot.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ The in-line design allows for greater speed than roller skates and better manoeuvrability.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Following this basic design principle, inline skates can be modified to varying degrees to accommodate niche disciplines.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is also known as \"roller blading\" due to the popular brand of inline skates, Rollerblade.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ A term used to refer to inline skates on a vert ramp, a half pipe with some vertical in it usually between 6in to 24in.", "Chris Creveling __knowledge__ Christopher Creveling (born December 29, 1986) is an American short track speed skater who represented the United States at the 2014 Winter Olympics.", "Chris Creveling __knowledge__ Growing up, his family owned a roller rink and was highly involved in the sport of roller skating.", "Chris Creveling __knowledge__ Creveling followed in the footsteps of his older siblings, learning to skate as soon as he could walk.", "Chris Creveling __knowledge__ He was selected for the 2003 United States' Junior World roller skating team in 2003 and for the Senior World Team from 2004–06.", "Chris Creveling __knowledge__ At the 2004 World Championships, he won a gold medal as part of the US relay team.", "Chris Creveling __knowledge__ In 2007, Creveling switched from inline skating to ice speed skating in hopes of making the Olympics.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ Speed skating is a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just \"speed skating\", while short-track speed skating is known as \"short track\".", "Speed skating __knowledge__ The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as \"speed skating\" and short track as \"short track skating\".", "Speed skating __knowledge__ The standard rink for long track is 400 meters long, but tracks of 200, 250 and 333⅓ meters are used occasionally.", "Kelly Gunther __knowledge__ Kelly Gunther (born August 14, 1987) is an American speed skater participated in the 2014 Winter Olympics.", "Kelly Gunther __knowledge__ She began roller skating at age six, briefly tried figure skating, then took up inline speed skating.", "Kelly Gunther __knowledge__ As an inline skater, she won multiple World Championship gold medals on the United States relay team.", "Kelly Gunther __knowledge__ In 2009, she transitioned to ice speed skating.", "Kelly Gunther __knowledge__ At the 2010 Olympic trials, Gunther appeared to make the United States speed skating team, but was bumped from the team after another skater was granted a re-skate.", "Kelly Gunther __knowledge__ In March 2010, she fell during a race and suffered a double-compound fracture that nearly severed her foot from her leg." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Artistic roller skating is a sport similar to figure skating but where competitors wear roller skates instead of ice skates.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Within artistic roller skating, there are several disciplines: Artistic roller skaters use either quad or inline skates, though quad skates are more traditional and significantly more common.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Generally quad and inline skaters compete in separate events and not against each other.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Inline figure skating has been included in the world championships since 2002 in Wuppertal, Germany.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ The sport looks very similar to its counterpart on ice, and although there are some differences, many ice skaters started in roller skating or vice versa.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ The Israel Roller Hockey League is the biggest Roller Hockey Clubs Championship in Israel.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ The Roller Hockey sport was brought to Israel in 1957 by \"a handful of fanatics \" led by Mr. Aaron Jordan.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ Association was founded in 1973 organized skaters, who later grew and developed under the name Association of skates in Israel.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ Today the association appointed 800 members of skaters, registered 30 clubs and there are frames and many other smooth guidance and support union workers, Contributors skating sports development in the country, the four branches:figure skating, Rink Hockey, inline skating and racing (Roller Blades).", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ Inline speed skating is the roller sport of racing on inline skates, or as they are commonly called, rollerblades.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ It is often called \"inline racing\" by participants.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ Although it primarily evolved from racing on traditional roller skates, the sport is similar enough to ice speed skating that many competitors are now known to switch between inline and ice speed skating according to the season.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ An inline speed skate is a specialized shoe version of the inline skate.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ The boot or shoe is close-fitting, without much padding and usually made of leather and carbon fiber and/or fiberglass composites.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ The lower part of the boot is usually made of carbon fiber and the upper part with leather.", "Roller Skates __knowledge__ Roller Skates is a book by Ruth Sawyer that won the Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature in 1937.", "Roller Skates __knowledge__ It is a fictionalized account of one year of Sawyer's life.", "Roller Skates __knowledge__ \"Roller Skates\" opens with the narrator remembering back to a special year in the 1890s, when young Lucinda Wyman arrives at the Misses Peters' home in New York City; the two ladies will care for her during the year of Lucinda's parents' trip to Italy.", "Roller Skates __knowledge__ The narrator's diaries help her remember the details of 10-year-old Lucinda's \"orphanage,\" as she calls it.", "Roller Skates __knowledge__ Miss Peters, a teacher, is \"a person of great understanding, no nonsense, and no interference.\"", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Roller hockey is a form of hockey played on a dry surface using wheeled skates.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Most professional-inline hockey games take place on an indoor or outdoor sport court (a type of plastic interlinking tiles used to create a skating surface).", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Otherwise, any dry surface can be used to host a game, typically a roller rink, macadam, or cement.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ The term \"Roller Hockey\" is often used interchangeably to refer to three variant forms chiefly differentiated by the equipment used.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ There is traditional \"Roller hockey\" (Quad hockey, Rink hockey), played with quad skates and a ball (without contact), \"Inline hockey\", played with inline skates and puck (without contact) and \"Skater hockey\", played with quad skates or inline skates and plastic ball (with contact like ice hockey).", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is a multi-disciplinary sport practiced widely internationally.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skates typically have 2 to 5 polyurethane wheels, arranged in a single line by a metal or plastic frame on the underside of a boot.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ The in-line design allows for greater speed than roller skates and better manoeuvrability.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Following this basic design principle, inline skates can be modified to varying degrees to accommodate niche disciplines.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is also known as \"roller blading\" due to the popular brand of inline skates, Rollerblade.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ A term used to refer to inline skates on a vert ramp, a half pipe with some vertical in it usually between 6in to 24in.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive inline skating is a form of inline skating executed on specially designed inline skates with focus on grinding and spins.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Participants refer to the activity as rollerblading, \"blading,\" \"skating,\" or \"rolling.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive skating can take place on found street obstacles or at skateparks.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Street skating primarily consists of performing grinds on ledges and rails, as well as jumping tall heights known as \"gaps.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Park skating recreates these obstacles with the additions of bowls and ramps on which \"vert\" skating can be performed.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Since 1994, the sport has been chronicled in various skating films and \"edits.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The 1956 Winter Olympics, officially known as the VII Olympic Winter Games (French: Les \"VII Jeux olympiques d'hiver\") (Italian: \"VII Giochi olimpici invernali\"), was a winter multi-sport event celebrated in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This celebration of the Games was held from 26 January to 5 February 1956.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Cortina, which had originally been awarded the 1944 Winter Olympics, beat out Montreal, Colorado Springs and Lake Placid for the right to host the 1956 Games.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The Cortina Games were unique in that many of the venues were within walking distance of each other.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The organising committee received financial support from the Italian government for infrastructure improvements, but the rest of the costs for the Games had to be privately financed.", "History of figure skating __knowledge__ The history of figure skating stretches back to prehistoric times.", "History of figure skating __knowledge__ Primitive ice skates appear in the archaeological record from about 3000 BC.", "History of figure skating __knowledge__ Edges were added by the Dutch in the 13th - 14th century.", "History of figure skating __knowledge__ International figure skating competitions began appearing in the late 19th century—in 1891, the European Championships were inaugurated in Hamburg, Germany, and in 1896, the first World Championships were held in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire.", "History of figure skating __knowledge__ At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England, figure skating became the first winter sport to be included in the Olympics.", "History of figure skating __knowledge__ The exact time and process by which humans first learned to ice skate is unknown.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ From novice through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals and other elements or moves.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The blade has a groove on the bottom creating two distinct edges — inside and outside.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Figure skating is a sport with participants across the world.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Originally based in North America and Europe, the sport has experienced a major expansion in the countries of East Asia.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ The international governing body of the sport is the International Skating Union (ISU).", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Only those nations which are members of the International Skating Union are allowed to compete in the figure skating events in the Olympic Games.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Some countries within Asia are listed here if they may compete at the European Championships.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Brisbane hosted the World Junior Championships in 1988 and 1996.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Stephanie Zhang (ladies' bronze, 2000) and Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya / Harley Windsor (pairs gold in 2016) have won ISU Junior Grand Prix medals for Australia.", "Ice skating __knowledge__ Ice skating is the act of motion by wearer of the ice skates to propel the participant across a sheet of ice.", "Ice skating __knowledge__ This can be done for a variety of reasons, including exercise, leisure, traveling, and various sports.", "Ice skating __knowledge__ Ice skating occurs both on specially prepared ice surfaces (arenas, tracks, parks), both indoors and outdoors, as well as on naturally occurring bodies of frozen water, such as ponds, lakes and rivers.", "Ice skating __knowledge__ Research suggests that the earliest ice skating happened in southern Finland more than 4,000 years ago.", "Ice skating __knowledge__ This was done to save energy during winter journeys.", "Ice skating __knowledge__ Originally, skates were merely sharpened, flattened bone strapped to the bottom of the foot.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Evan Frank Lysacek (; born June 4, 1985) is an American figure skater.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ He is the 2010 Olympic champion, the 2009 World champion, a two-time (2005, 2007) Four Continents champion, the 2009 Grand Prix Final champion, and a two-time (2007, 2008) U.S. national champion.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Lysacek was the 2010 United States Olympic Committee's SportsMan of the Year, and the winner of the James E. Sullivan Award as the top U.S. amateur athlete of 2010.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ On January 22, 2016, he was inducted into the U.S.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Figure Skating Hall of Fame.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ Evan Lysacek was born in Chicago, Illinois, and raised in Naperville, Illinois.", "Evan Lysacek __knowledge__ His mother, Tanya (née Santoro), is a substitute teacher in Naperville, and his father, Don, is a building contractor.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ Speed skating is a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just \"speed skating\", while short-track speed skating is known as \"short track\".", "Speed skating __knowledge__ The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as \"speed skating\" and short track as \"short track skating\".", "Speed skating __knowledge__ The standard rink for long track is 400 meters long, but tracks of 200, 250 and 333⅓ meters are used occasionally.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Artistic roller skating is a sport similar to figure skating but where competitors wear roller skates instead of ice skates.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Within artistic roller skating, there are several disciplines: Artistic roller skaters use either quad or inline skates, though quad skates are more traditional and significantly more common.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Generally quad and inline skaters compete in separate events and not against each other.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Inline figure skating has been included in the world championships since 2002 in Wuppertal, Germany.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ The sport looks very similar to its counterpart on ice, and although there are some differences, many ice skaters started in roller skating or vice versa.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ The Israel Roller Hockey League is the biggest Roller Hockey Clubs Championship in Israel.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ The Roller Hockey sport was brought to Israel in 1957 by \"a handful of fanatics \" led by Mr. Aaron Jordan.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ Association was founded in 1973 organized skaters, who later grew and developed under the name Association of skates in Israel.", "Israel Roller Hockey League __knowledge__ Today the association appointed 800 members of skaters, registered 30 clubs and there are frames and many other smooth guidance and support union workers, Contributors skating sports development in the country, the four branches:figure skating, Rink Hockey, inline skating and racing (Roller Blades).", "Roller skates __knowledge__ Roller skates are shoes, or bindings that fit onto shoes, that are worn to enable the wearer to roll along on wheels.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ The first roller skate was effectively an ice skate with wheels replacing the blade.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ Later the \"quad\" style of roller skate became more popular consisting of four wheels arranged in the same configuration as a typical car.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ While the first reported use of roller skates was on a London stage in 1743, the first patented roller skate was introduced in 1760 by Belgian inventor John Joseph Merlin.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ His roller skate wasn't much more than an ice skate with wheels where the blade goes, a style we would call inline today.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 20, 37 ]

[ "I used to when I was a bit younger!", "Do you do much inline skating now then?", "I didn't know what inline skating was at first - it was more roller skates in my era. But now I know inline skates are a type of roller skate.", "There's actually a sport called artistic roller skating - it's similar to figure skating but with roller skates instead of ice skates!", " I agree. I know a bit more about ice skating than inline skating actually. Do you know it's thought to have been invented in Finland 4,000 years ago?" ]

[ "Inline skates", "Inline skates", "Inline skates", "Inline skates", "Inline skates" ]

[ "Basketball\nI love playing basketball but I am terrible at it.", "It is usually two on two with friends.", "That's my problem too! The three pointer is difficult.", "I also have a hard time trying to do a crossover dribble.", "I'm pretty good at that unless I get fouled hard." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series \"Slam Dunk\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Takehiko Inoue.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in Japan, with the main characters being high school basketball players from Kanagawa Prefecture.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ It tells the story of Hanamichi Sakuragi, a teenager who falls in love with Haruko Akagi after being rejected by 50 other girls.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ However, as Haruko is in love with Kaede Rukawa, a popular and talented basketball player, Sakuragi decides to join the Shohoku High School basketball team to surpass Rukawa and make Haruko fall in love with him.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ As he starts learning how to play basketball, Sakuragi starts liking the sport and resolves to become the best player.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal ( ; born March 6, 1972), nicknamed \"Shaq\" ( ), is an American retired professional basketball player currently serving as a sports analyst on the television program \"Inside the NBA\".", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ He is widely considered one of the greatest players in NBA history.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ At tall and , he was one of the heaviest players ever to play in the NBA, where he played for six teams throughout his 19-year career.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ Following his time at Louisiana State University, O'Neal was drafted by the Orlando Magic with the first overall pick in the 1992 NBA draft.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ He quickly became one of the best centers in the league, winning Rookie of the Year in 1992–93 and leading his team to the 1995 NBA Finals.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ Tal Brody (Hebrew: טל ברודי; nicknamed Mr. Basketball; born August 30, 1943) is an American-Israeli former basketball player, and current Goodwill Ambassador of Israel, who lives in Israel.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ Brody was drafted # 12 in the National Basketball Association (NBA) draft, but chose to pass up an NBA career to instead play basketball in Israel.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ He played on national basketball teams of both the United States and Israel, and served in the armies of both countries.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ A New Jersey All Star basketball player in high school, Brody led his team to an undefeated state championship.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ In college, he was a high-scoring, slick-passing All-American and All-Big Ten guard in 1965, while playing for the University of Illinois.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ Wilton Norman Chamberlain (August 21, 1936 – October 12, 1999) was an American basketball player.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA); he played for the University of Kansas and also for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ The 7 foot 1 inch Chamberlain weighed 250 pounds as a rookie before bulking up to 275 and eventually to over 300 pounds with the Lakers.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played the center position and is widely considered one of the greatest and most dominant players in NBA history.", "Michael Jordan __knowledge__ Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials, MJ, is an American retired professional basketball player, businessman, and principal owner and chairman of the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Michael Jordan __knowledge__ Jordan played 15 seasons in the NBA for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards.", "Michael Jordan __knowledge__ His biography on the NBA website states: \"By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time.\"", "Michael Jordan __knowledge__ Jordan was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was considered instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Barry (2016 film) __knowledge__ Barry is a 2016 American drama film directed by Vikram Gandhi about Barack Obama's life at Columbia University in 1981.", "Barry (2016 film) __knowledge__ It stars Devon Terrell, Anya Taylor-Joy, Jason Mitchell, Ashley Judd, Jenna Elfman, Ellar Coltrane, Avi Nash and Linus Roache.", "Barry (2016 film) __knowledge__ It was screened in the Special Presentations section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.", "Barry (2016 film) __knowledge__ The film was released on Netflix on December 16, 2016.", "Barry (2016 film) __knowledge__ In 1981, a 20-year-old Barack Obama (Devon Terrell), commonly known as Barry, arrives in New York City to attend Columbia University as a transfer student from Occidental College.", "Barry (2016 film) __knowledge__ Unable to contact his expected roommate, Will, Barry spends the night in the streets.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ Kendall Hart is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"All My Children\".", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ The character was portrayed by Sarah Michelle Gellar from 1993 to 1995, and by Alicia Minshew from 2002 until the show's series finale on September 23, 2011.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ On March 7, 2013, it was announced that Minshew would guest star on the Prospect Park's continuation of \"All My Children\".", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ She appeared on the second July 8 episode, and exited the same day.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ Kendall is the daughter of Erica Kane, a child conceived when Erica was raped on the night of her 14th birthday by movie matinee idol Richard Fields.", "Kendall Hart __knowledge__ Emerging as one of daytime television's most popular and layered characters, Kendall was originally written as a complex villain, described as a \"complicated bad girl\" and \"the scheming daughter of the biggest schemer of them all, Erica Kane,\" but was later reformed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "Academic term __knowledge__ An academic term (or simply \"term\") is a portion of an academic year, the time during which an educational institution holds classes.", "Academic term __knowledge__ The schedules adopted vary widely.", "Academic term __knowledge__ The word quadmester or quadrimester is occasionally used to mean either four months or (more commonly in modern American usage) a quarter of a year.", "Academic term __knowledge__ In countries like Argentina, public universities divide the academic year into two quadrimesters (March–July and August–December).", "Academic term __knowledge__ In most countries, the academic year begins in late summer or early autumn and ends during the following spring or summer.", "Academic term __knowledge__ In Northern Hemisphere countries, this means that the academic year lasts from August, September, or October to May, June, or July.", "Funeral __knowledge__ A funeral is a ceremony connected with the burial, cremation, etc.", "Funeral __knowledge__ of the body of a dead person, or the burial (or equivalent) with the attendant observances.", "Funeral __knowledge__ Funerary customs comprise the complex of beliefs and practices used by a culture to remember and respect the dead, from interment itself, to various monuments, prayers, and rituals undertaken in their honor.", "Funeral __knowledge__ Customs vary widely both between cultures and between religious groups and denominations within cultures.", "Funeral __knowledge__ Common secular motivations for funerals include mourning the deceased, celebrating their life, and offering support and sympathy to the bereaved.", "Advertisement film __knowledge__ An advertisement film (variously called a television commercial, commercial or ad in American English, and known in British English as a TV advert or simply an advert) is a span of television programming produced and paid for by an organization, which conveys a message, typically to market a product or service.", "Advertisement film __knowledge__ Advertisers and marketeers may refer to television commercials as TVCs.", "Advertisement film __knowledge__ Advertising revenue provides a significant portion of the funding for most privately owned television networks.", "Advertisement film __knowledge__ During the 2010s, the number of commercials has grown steadily, while at the same time, the length of each commercial has diminished, according to Nielsen.", "Basque rural sports __knowledge__ Basque rural sports, known as \"Deportes Rurales\" in Spanish or \"Herri Kirolak\" in Basque, is the term used for a number of sports competitions rooted in the traditional lifestyles of the Basque people.", "Basque rural sports __knowledge__ The term \"force basque\" is used in French.", "Basque rural sports __knowledge__ Virtually all regional Basque rural sports have their origin in the two main historical occupations, the or \"baserritarra\" (farmer) and \"arrantzalea\" (fisher), with a larger percentage hailing from the rural background.", "Basque rural sports __knowledge__ The sociological changes in the Basque Country have led many of these becoming technically obsolete in the 19th and 20th century.", "Basque rural sports __knowledge__ Few continue to exist as rural or marine activities connected to everyday life and have become rare but many have managed to transform themselves into popular sports instead, some of which have become extremely popular.", "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament __knowledge__ The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament (known informally as March Madness or the Big Dance) is a single-elimination tournament played each spring in the United States, currently featuring 68 college basketball teams from the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), to determine the national championship.", "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament __knowledge__ The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches, and was the idea of Ohio State University coach Harold Olsen.", "NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament __knowledge__ Played mostly during March, it has become one of the most famous annual sporting events in the United States.", "Involuntary commitment internationally __knowledge__ Involuntary commitment or civil commitment is a legal process through which an individual with symptoms of severe mental illness is court-ordered into treatment in a hospital (inpatient) or in the community (outpatient).", "Involuntary commitment internationally __knowledge__ Criteria for civil commitment are established by laws, which vary between nations.", "Involuntary commitment internationally __knowledge__ United Nations General Assembly (resolution 46/119 of 1991), \"Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and the Improvement of Mental Health Care\" is a non-binding resolution advocating certain broadly-drawn procedures for the carrying out of involuntary commitment.", "Involuntary commitment internationally __knowledge__ These principles have been used in many countries where local laws have been revised or new ones implemented.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ Paris in the 18th century was the second-largest city in Europe, after London, with a population of about 600,000 persons.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ The century saw the construction of Place Vendôme, the Place de la Concorde, the Champs-Élysées, the church of Les Invalides, and the Panthéon, and the founding of the Louvre Museum.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ Paris witnessed the end of the reign of Louis XIV, was the center stage of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, saw the first manned flight, and was the birthplace of high fashion and the modern restaurant.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ Louis XIV distrusted the Parisians; when he was young he had been forced to flee the city twice, and he did not forget it.", "Psychotropia __knowledge__ Psychotropia is the debut album by English outsider psychedelic musician Nick Nicely (typically stylised in lower case as nick nicely), first released as an LP by Tenth Planet in 2003 and as a CD by Castle Music in 2004.", "Psychotropia __knowledge__ Nicely had started fusing psychedelic and electronic music in the late 1970s, and in the early 1980s released two innovative singles, \"DCT Dreams\" and \"Hilly Fields (1892)\".", "Psychotropia __knowledge__ While the singles were critically acclaimed, they were commercial failures, which partly contributed to Nicely's retirement from the public eye shortly after.", "Psychotropia __knowledge__ While his works were being praised by several of his contemporaries, he continued to record then-unreleased, further material into the mid-1980s, and then again in the late 1990s.", "Pinochle __knowledge__ Pinochle () or binocle (sometimes pinocle, or penuchle) is a trick-taking card game typically for two to four players and played with a 48-card deck.", "Pinochle __knowledge__ It is derived from the card game bezique; players score points by trick-taking and also by forming combinations of cards into melds.", "Pinochle __knowledge__ It is thus considered part of a \"trick-and-meld\" category which also includes the game belote.", "Pinochle __knowledge__ Each hand is played in three phases: bidding, melds, and tricks.", "Pinochle __knowledge__ The standard game today is called \"partnership auction pinochle.\"", "Pinochle __knowledge__ Pinochle derives from the game bezique.", "Pinochle __knowledge__ Its name comes from the French word \"binocle\" meaning \"eyeglasses\".", "Three Poplars in Plyushcikha __knowledge__ Three Poplars in Plyushcikha () is a 1968 romantic drama feature film directed by Tatyana Lioznova based on the story by Alexander Borschagovsky \"Three Poplars in Shabolovka\".", "Three Poplars in Plyushcikha __knowledge__ The film was a box-office success, it was seen by 26 million people in the USSR.", "Three Poplars in Plyushcikha __knowledge__ From a village to Moscow comes a married woman and mother of two children Nyura to sell home-made ham.", "Three Poplars in Plyushcikha __knowledge__ And the first person she meets is an intelligent taxi driver Sasha, who must pick her up to her in-law; her husband's sister, who lives near the cafe \"Three Poplars\" at Plyushcikha.", "Three Poplars in Plyushcikha __knowledge__ This random meeting brings the strangers together and forces them to take a fresh look at their lives.", "UMass Minutemen women's ice hockey __knowledge__ The UMass Minutemen women's ice hockey team represents the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass) in Women's Division 1 of the American Collegiate Hockey Association (ACHA) and in the Eastern Collegiate Women's Hockey League (ECWHL).", "UMass Minutemen women's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Minutemen are one of the ACHA's premier programs, having qualified for 14 of the 17 ACHA National Tournaments held for women's teams (within 15 years of total ACHA membership), a number tied with Michigan State for the all-time lead.", "UMass Minutemen women's ice hockey __knowledge__ Additionally, UMass has won four ECWHL playoff titles (a conference championship total that trails only rival Rhode Island nationally) and has been the home of two Zoë M. Harris Award winners (Maura Grainger in 2008–09 and Brittani Lanzilli in 2015–16), one of four ACHA D1 programs to produce multiple recipients of the honor.", "Gentlemen of Fortune __knowledge__ Gentlemen of Fortune () is a 1971 Soviet comedy film, filmed at Mosfilm and directed by Aleksandr Seryj.", "Gentlemen of Fortune __knowledge__ The stars of the film include famous Soviet actors such as Savely Kramarov, Yevgeny Leonov, Georgy Vitsin, and Radner Muratov.", "Gentlemen of Fortune __knowledge__ The film was the leader of Soviet distribution in 1972 having 65.02 million viewers.", "Gentlemen of Fortune __knowledge__ The movie follows the story of an amiable kindergarten director named Troshkin who looks exactly like a cruel criminal nicknamed Docent (Доцент, literally \"associate professor\") that has stolen Alexander the Great's helmet at an archaeological excavation.", "Gentlemen of Fortune __knowledge__ Docent and his gang are caught by police, but Docent is imprisoned in a different jail than his mates.", "ASCII stereogram __knowledge__ ASCII stereograms are a form of ASCII art based on stereograms to produce the optical illusion of a three-dimensional image by crossing the eyes appropriately using a single image or a pair of images next to each other.", "ASCII stereogram __knowledge__ To obtain the 3D effect (in Figure 1 for instance), it is necessary for the viewer to diverge their eyes such that two adjacent letters in the same row come together ().", "ASCII stereogram __knowledge__ To help in focusing, try to make the two capital Os at the top look like three.", "ASCII stereogram __knowledge__ Ensure that the image of the central dot is stable and in focus.", "ASCII stereogram __knowledge__ Once this has been done, look down at the rest of the image and the 3D effect should become apparent.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (often informally called Millionaire) is an American television game show based on the same-titled British program and developed for the United States by Michael Davies.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants attempt to win a top prize of $1,000,000 by answering a series of multiple-choice questions of increasing difficulty (although, for a time, most of the questions were of random difficulty).", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The program has endured as one of the longest-running and most successful international variants in the \"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?\"", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ franchise.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The original U.S. version aired on ABC from August 16, 1999, to June 27, 2002, and was hosted by Regis Philbin." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "2014 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The 2014 NBA Playoffs were the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2013–14 season.", "2014 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The tournament concluded with the Western Conference champion San Antonio Spurs defeating the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals.", "2014 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ Kawhi Leonard was named NBA Finals MVP.", "2014 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ For the first time since 1984, the NBA Finals were played in a 2–2–1–1–1 format (the higher seed hosts Games 1, 2, 5, and 7, the lower seed hosts Games 3, 4, and 6).", "2014 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ They were also the first playoffs overseen by Commissioner Adam Silver.", "2014 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The Spurs continued the longest active playoff streak in the NBA at 17 straight appearances.", "Pointer (computer programming) __knowledge__ In computer science, a pointer is a programming language object, whose value refers to (or \"points to\") another value stored elsewhere in the computer memory using its memory address.", "Pointer (computer programming) __knowledge__ A pointer \"references\" a location in memory, and obtaining the value stored at that location is known as \"dereferencing\" the pointer.", "Pointer (computer programming) __knowledge__ As an analogy, a page number in a book's index could be considered a pointer to the corresponding page; dereferencing such a pointer would be done by flipping to the page with the given page number and reading the text found on the indexed page.", "Pointer (computer programming) __knowledge__ Pointers to data significantly improve performance for repetitive operations such as traversing strings, lookup tables, control tables and tree structures.", "2015 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2015 NBA Finals was the championship series of the 2014–15 season of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the conclusion of the season's playoffs.", "2015 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors defeated the Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers in six games (4–2) for the Warriors' first title in 40 years and their fourth in franchise history, becoming the first team since the 1990–91 Chicago Bulls to win a championship without any prior Finals experience from any player on their roster.", "2015 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Golden State's Andre Iguodala was named the Finals Most Valuable Player (MVP).", "2015 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Warriors were led by 2014–15 NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) Stephen Curry, while the Cavaliers featured four-time league MVP LeBron James.", "2014–15 Connecticut Huskies women's basketball team __knowledge__ The 2014–15 Connecticut Huskies women's basketball team represented the University of Connecticut in the 2014–15 NCAA Division I basketball season.", "2014–15 Connecticut Huskies women's basketball team __knowledge__ The Huskies, led by thirtieth-year head coach Geno Auriemma, play their home games at the Harry A. Gampel Pavilion in Storrs, Connecticut.", "2014–15 Connecticut Huskies women's basketball team __knowledge__ The Huskies defeated the Notre Dame Fighting Irish to win their third consecutive NCAA championship.", "2014–15 Connecticut Huskies women's basketball team __knowledge__ This was Connecticut's second season as a member of the American Athletic Conference, known as The American or AAC.", "2014–15 Connecticut Huskies women's basketball team __knowledge__ The Huskies entered the season as the two-time defending national champions.", "2014–15 Connecticut Huskies women's basketball team __knowledge__ The 2014–15 Huskies repeated last year's success in The American by winning the regular season championship outright.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The Pointer Sisters are an American R&B singing group from Oakland, California, who achieved mainstream success during the 1970s and 1980s.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ Spanning over four decades, their repertoire has included such diverse genres as pop, disco, jazz, electronic music, bebop, blues, soul, funk, dance, country and rock.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The Pointer Sisters have won three Grammy Awards and received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1994.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The group had 13 US top 20 hits between 1973 and 1985.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The group had its origins when sisters June and Bonnie Pointer began performing in clubs in 1969 as \"Pointers, a Pair\".", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The line-up grew to a trio when sister Anita Pointer joined them.", "Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball program represents the University of Cincinnati in Cincinnati, Ohio.", "Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The school's team competes in NCAA Division I as part of the American Athletic Conference.", "Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The Bearcats are coached by Mick Cronin, who has been UC's head coach since 2006.", "Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball __knowledge__ With over 1750 wins, the Bearcats are one of the 20 winningest basketball programs of all-time.", "Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The school's merits include 2 National Titles, 6 Final Fours, and 31 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament appearances.", "Cincinnati Bearcats men's basketball __knowledge__ As of 2017, Cincinnati has appeared in 7 consecutive NCAA Tournaments, and 21 of the last 26, with an all-time tournament record of 45–30.", "2013 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The 2013 NBA Playoffs were the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2012–13 season.", "2013 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat defeating the Western Conference champion San Antonio Spurs 4 games to 3 in the NBA Finals.", "2013 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ LeBron James was named NBA Finals MVP.", "2013 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ The Miami Heat headed into the playoffs with a franchise-best 66 wins, topping the league in the regular season.", "2013 NBA Playoffs __knowledge__ Their 2012 Finals opponents, the Oklahoma City Thunder, topped the Western Conference with 60 wins, making it the first time since 2006 that the two teams who faced off in the previous year's finals topped their respective conferences in the next regular season.", "Three-point field goal __knowledge__ A three-point field goal (also called a three-pointer) is a field goal in a basketball game made from beyond the three-point line, a designated arc surrounding the basket.", "Three-point field goal __knowledge__ A successful attempt is worth three points, in contrast to the two points awarded for field goals made within the three-point line and the one point for each made free throw.", "Three-point field goal __knowledge__ The distance from the basket to the three-point line varies by competition level: in the National Basketball Association (NBA) the arc is from the basket; in FIBA and the WNBA (the latter uses FIBA's three-point line standard) the arc is from the basket; and in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) the arc is from the basket.", "Basketball court __knowledge__ Basketball courts come in different sizes.", "Basketball court __knowledge__ In the National Basketball Association (NBA), the court is .", "Basketball court __knowledge__ Under International Basketball Federation (FIBA) rules, the court is minutely smaller, measuring exactly .", "Basketball court __knowledge__ A high school court is slightly smaller, at .", "Basketball court __knowledge__ In amateur basketball, court sizes vary widely.", "Basketball court __knowledge__ The baskets are always above the floor (except possibly in youth competition).", "Basketball court __knowledge__ Basketball courts have a three-point arc at both baskets.", "Basketball court __knowledge__ A basket made from behind this arc is worth three points; a basket made from within this line, or with a player's foot touching the line, is worth 2 points.", "Basketball court __knowledge__ The free-throw line, where one stands while taking a foul shot, is located within the three-point arc at 15 feet from the basket.", "Variations of basketball __knowledge__ Variations of basketball are games or activities based on, or similar in origin, to the game of basketball, in which the player utilizes common basketball skills.", "Variations of basketball __knowledge__ Some are essentially identical to basketball, with only minor rules changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games.", "Variations of basketball __knowledge__ Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.", "Variations of basketball __knowledge__ Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of referees or other officials and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ \"Deadliest Warrior\" premiered on April 7, 2009 at 10 pm ET.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Nine one-hour episodes of the show were produced for Season 1.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 11, 2010.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Apache team: Alan Tafoya (World Champion Knife Fighter), Snake Blocker (U.S. Army Combat Instructor) Apache weapons: Tomahawk, Knife, Bow & Arrow, War Club Apache armor: Rawhide Shield Apache statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 7 inches \"Weight:\" 140 lbs \"Gear Weight:\" 10 pounds Gladiator team: Chris Torres (Ancient Weapons Specialist), Steven Dietrich (Gladiator Combat Instructor), Chuck Liddell (The Iceman) Gladiator weapons: Cestus, Scissor, Trident & Net, Sling, Sica Gladiator armor: Murmillo Helmet, Wooden Shield Gladiator statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 8 inches \"Weight\": 185 lbs \"Gear Weight\": Ranges from 10 lbs to 38 lbs Reenactment 1 The Apache is seen walking in a grassy field.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "Basketball moves __knowledge__ Basketball moves are generally individual actions used by players in basketball to pass by defenders to gain access to the basket or to get a clean pass to a teammate to score a two pointer or three pointer.", "Basketball moves __knowledge__ Dribbling is bouncing the ball continuously with one hand at a time without ever holding the ball.", "Basketball moves __knowledge__ Dribbling is required in order for a player to take steps while possessing the ball.", "Basketball moves __knowledge__ In a crossover dribble, the ball handler changes the ball from one hand to the other using a single dribble.", "Basketball moves __knowledge__ The crossover is a fundamental dribbling technique in basketball used to keep the ball in the hand farthest from the defender (preventing a steal) while maintaining a desired speed and orientation on the court.", "Crossover dribble __knowledge__ A \"Crossover dribble\" is a basketball maneuver in which a player dribbling the ball switches the ball rapidly from one hand to the other, to make a change in direction.", "Crossover dribble __knowledge__ In a typical example the player heads upcourt, dribbling the ball in (say) the left hand, then makes a wide step left with a good head fake.", "Crossover dribble __knowledge__ If the defender is deceived, the player can then switch to dribbling with the right hand and surpass the defender.", "Crossover dribble __knowledge__ The crossover can allow the player an open short jumper or a clear path to the basket.", "Crossover dribble __knowledge__ There are six basic types of crossover: The original crossover move has been used by all five positions on the court, but particularly by point and shooting guards.", "2006 UST Growling Tigers men's basketball team __knowledge__ The 2006 UST Growling Tigers men's basketball team represented the University of Santo Tomas in the men's basketball tournament of the 69th season of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines.", "2006 UST Growling Tigers men's basketball team __knowledge__ The Tigers defeated the Blue Eagles of the Ateneo de Manila University to win their nineteenth UAAP men's title, and their first since the 1996 season.", "2006 UST Growling Tigers men's basketball team __knowledge__ Jervy Cruz was selected on the Mythical Five, and Jojo Duncil was named as the Most Valuable Player of the Finals.", "2006 UST Growling Tigers men's basketball team __knowledge__ After the expiration of head coach Nel Parado contract at the 2005 yearend, the university administration announced the hiring of former varsity and Ginebra San Miguel standout Pido Jarencio as the new head coach.", "Double Dribble (video game) __knowledge__ Double Dribble, known in Japan as , is a basketball arcade game developed and released in 1986 by Konami.", "Double Dribble (video game) __knowledge__ It was the second basketball arcade game by Konami, following \"Super Basketball\".", "Double Dribble (video game) __knowledge__ Much of the game's popularity came from its animation sequences showing basketball players performing slam dunks, as well as The Star-Spangled Banner theme during attract mode, which was the first arcade game to feature the national anthem.", "Double Dribble (video game) __knowledge__ These were uncommon in video games at the time of \"Double Dribble\"'s release.", "Double Dribble (video game) __knowledge__ While successful in the arcades, the game became and remained popular and remembered when it was ported to the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1987.", "Dribble drive motion __knowledge__ The dribble drive motion is an offensive strategy in basketball, developed by former Pepperdine head coach Vance Walberg during his time as a California high school coach and at Fresno City College.", "Dribble drive motion __knowledge__ The offense was popularized at the major college level by John Calipari while at The University of Memphis, and was sometimes called the \"Memphis Attack\".", "Dribble drive motion __knowledge__ Originally called 'AASAA' by Walberg (for \"Attack, Attack, Skip, Attack, Attack\"), the offense is also sometimes known as the 'Walberg offense' or abbreviated to DDM, and has been described as \"Princeton on steroids\".", "Dribble drive motion __knowledge__ The offense focuses on spreading the offensive players in the half court, so that helping on dribble penetration or skips becomes difficult for the defense, because the help will leave an offensive player open without any defenders near him.", "Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing __knowledge__ Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing is a children's novel written by American author Judy Blume and published in 1972.", "Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing __knowledge__ It is the first in the \"Fudge\" series and was followed by \"Superfudge\", \"Fudge-a-Mania\", and most recently by \"Double Fudge\".", "Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing __knowledge__ Although \"Otherwise Known as Sheila the Great\" features many of the same characters as the series, it does not fit exactly in the continuity of it because it only focuses on Peter's classmate (who later becomes his stepcousin), Sheila Tubman.", "Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing __knowledge__ Originally, the book featured illustrations by Roy Doty, but all post-2002 reprints of it have omitted the pictures.", "Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing __knowledge__ The story focuses on a nine-year-old boy named Peter Warren Hatcher and his relationship with his two-and-a-half-year-old brother, Farley Drexel \"Fudge\" Hatcher.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ In field hockey, each player carries a stick and cannot take part in the game without it.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The stick for an adult is usually in the range 89–95 cm (35–38 in) long.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ A maximum length of 105 cm (41\") was stipulated from 2016.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The maximum permitted weight is 737 grams.The majority of players use a stick in the range 19 oz to 22 oz (538 g - 623 g).", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Traditionally hockey sticks were made of hickory, ash or mulberry wood with the head of the sticks being hand carved and therefore required skilled craftsmen to produce.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Sticks made of wood continue to be made but the higher grade sticks are now manufactured from composite materials which were first permitted after 1992.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules of baseball differ slightly from league to league, but in general share the same basic game play.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ There are several major rules, which differ only slightly.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The \"Official Baseball Rules\" govern all professional play in the United States and Canada, including the World Baseball Classic.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The complete rules are published as the Official Baseball Rules at MLB.com, the official web site of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules are also published in book form in North America by the \"Sporting News\".", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ Many amateur and youth leagues use the \"OBR\" with only a few modifications for safety.", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ In basketball, traveling is a violation of the rules that occurs when a player holding the ball moves one or both of their feet illegally.", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ Contrary to wide held belief, traveling is not defined by the taking of more than 1 or 1.5 steps without dribbling the ball; it is defined rather by the illegal movement of an established pivot foot.", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ A similar rule with the same name exists in the related sports of netball and korfball.", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ Traveling is sometimes also called, predominantly in a streetball game, \"walking\" or \"steps.\"", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ Section 72.", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ Traveling Art.", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ 1.", "Traveling (basketball) __knowledge__ A player who catches the ball with both feet on the playing court may pivot, using either foot." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling).", "Basketball __knowledge__ It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.", "Animal House __knowledge__ National Lampoon's Animal House is a 1978 American comedy film directed by John Landis and written by Harold Ramis, Douglas Kenney and Chris Miller.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It stars John Belushi, Tim Matheson, John Vernon, Verna Bloom, Thomas Hulce, Stephen Furst, and Donald Sutherland.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film is about a misfit group of fraternity members who challenge the authority of the dean of Faber College.", "Animal House __knowledge__ The film was produced by Matty Simmons of \"National Lampoon\" and Ivan Reitman for Universal Pictures.", "Animal House __knowledge__ It was inspired by stories written by Miller and published in \"National Lampoon\".", "Animal House __knowledge__ The stories were based on Ramis's experience in the Zeta Beta Tau fraternity at Washington University in St. Louis, as well as Miller's Alpha Delta Phi experiences at Ivy League Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, and producer Reitman's Delta Upsilon experiences at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario.", "Wormer __knowledge__ Wormer is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland.", "Wormer __knowledge__ It is a part of the municipality of Wormerland, and lies about 13 km northwest of Amsterdam.", "Wormer __knowledge__ In 2006, the town of Wormer had 12,566 inhabitants.", "Wormer __knowledge__ The built-up area of the town is 16.88 km² (of which water: 4.19 km²).", "Wormer __knowledge__ The town is situated in the Zaan district, on the eastern side of the river Zaan, across from Wormerveer.", "Wormer __knowledge__ The town is surrounded by the nature area Wormer- en Jisperveld.", "Wormer __knowledge__ The village of Oostknollendam, the polder Schaalsmeer (reclaimed in 1631), the polder Enge Wormer (reclaimed in 1634) and a part of the Markerpolder also historically belong to the area of Wormer.", "Horse care __knowledge__ There are many aspects to horse care.", "Horse care __knowledge__ Horses, ponies, mules, donkeys and other domesticated equids require attention from humans for optimal health and long life.", "Horse care __knowledge__ Horses require both shelter from natural elements like wind and precipitation, as well as room to exercise.", "Horse care __knowledge__ Worldwide, horses and other equids usually live outside with access to shelter for protection from the elements.", "Horse care __knowledge__ In some cases, animals are kept in a barn or stable for ease of access by managers, or for protection from the weather for various reasons.", "Horse care __knowledge__ For horse owners who do not own their own land, fields and barns can be rented from a private land owner or space for an individual horse may be rented from a boarding farm.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ Pala Casino Spa and Resort is a hotel casino and spa located in Pala on the Pala Indian Reservation near San Diego, California.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ It is owned and operated by the Pala Band of Mission Indians, a federally recognized tribe.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ The casino has 2,000 slots, 87 table games, 10 restaurants, a day spa, and 4 entertainment venues.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ The hotel has 500 rooms and 82 suites.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ In March 2000, ground broke on the $115 million Pala Casino.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ Pala opened its doors on April 3, 2001.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ On August 19, 2003, the Pala Casino Spa and Resort opened with 500 rooms, a spa, and a conference center.", "Pala Casino Resort and Spa __knowledge__ The project cost around $105 million to complete.", "1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game __knowledge__ The 1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game took place on March 23, 1957, between the North Carolina Tar Heels and Kansas Jayhawks at the Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri.", "1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game __knowledge__ The matchup was the final one of the nineteenth edition of the single-elimination tournament now known as the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament — commonly referred to as the NCAA Tournament — organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).", "1957 NCAA University Division Basketball Championship Game __knowledge__ It was used to crown a national champion for men's basketball in the NCAA's University Division, known since 1973 as NCAA Division I.", "2014 SIU Edwardsville Cougars men's soccer team __knowledge__ The 2014 SIU Edwardsville Cougars men's soccer team represents Southern Illinois University Edwardsville during the 2014 NCAA Division I men's soccer season.", "2014 SIU Edwardsville Cougars men's soccer team __knowledge__ The Cougars are coached in 2014 by co-head coaches Brian Jones and David Korn.", "2014 SIU Edwardsville Cougars men's soccer team __knowledge__ The team plays their home games on Bob Guelker Field at the Ralph Korte Stadium as an affiliate member of the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC).", "2014 SIU Edwardsville Cougars men's soccer team __knowledge__ Fourteen players returned from the 8-9-2 team of 2013, including two first team All-Missouri Valley Conference performers: forward Christian Volesky and defender Matt Polster; All-MVC Honorable Mention defender Justin Bilyeu; and MVC All-Freshmen defenders Andrew Kendall-Moulin and Austin Ledbetter .", "Semi-Pro __knowledge__ Semi-Pro is a 2008 American sports comedy film from New Line Cinema.", "Semi-Pro __knowledge__ The film was directed by Kent Alterman and stars Will Ferrell, Woody Harrelson, André Benjamin and Maura Tierney.", "Semi-Pro __knowledge__ The film was shot in Los Angeles near Dodger Stadium (in the gym of the Los Angeles City Fire Department Training Center), in Detroit, and in Flint, Michigan.", "Semi-Pro __knowledge__ Released in theaters on February 29, 2008 and released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on June 3, 2008, it was the last film from New Line Cinema before they merged with Warner Bros.", "Semi-Pro __knowledge__ In 1976, Jackie Moon is a singer who used the profits from his one-hit wonder, \"Love Me Sexy,\" to buy a basketball team in the American Basketball Association, the Flint Tropics, becoming the owner, head coach, and starting power forward.", "Free throw __knowledge__ In basketball, free throws or foul shots are unopposed attempts to score points from a restricted area on the court (the free throw line; informally known as the foul line or the charity stripe), and are generally awarded after a foul on the shooter by the opposing team.", "Free throw __knowledge__ Each successful free throw is worth one point.", "Free throw __knowledge__ Free throws can normally be shot at a high percentage by good players.", "Free throw __knowledge__ In the NBA, most players make 70–80% of their attempts.", "Free throw __knowledge__ The league's best shooters (such as Steve Nash, Rick Barry, Ray Allen, José Calderón, Stephen Curry, Reggie Miller, Kevin Durant, and Dirk Nowitzki) can make roughly 90% of their attempts over a season, while notoriously poor shooters (e.g.", "Hack-a-Shaq __knowledge__ Hack-a-Shaq is a basketball strategy initially instituted in the National Basketball Association (NBA) by the Dallas Mavericks coach Don Nelson to hinder the scoring ability of the opposing team by continuously committing personal fouls against one of its opposing players, the player chosen being the one with the weakest free throw percentage among players on the court.", "Hack-a-Shaq __knowledge__ The strategy has been curtailed somewhat starting in the 2016-17 NBA season, as intentional away-from-the-play fouls committed within the final 2 minutes of any period and overtime will result in one shot for the fouled team and possession of the ball.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ Wilton Norman Chamberlain (August 21, 1936 – October 12, 1999) was an American basketball player.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA); he played for the University of Kansas and also for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ The 7 foot 1 inch Chamberlain weighed 250 pounds as a rookie before bulking up to 275 and eventually to over 300 pounds with the Lakers.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played the center position and is widely considered one of the greatest and most dominant players in NBA history.", "Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game __knowledge__ Wilt Chamberlain set the single-game scoring record in the National Basketball Association (NBA) by scoring 100 points for the Philadelphia Warriors in a 169–147 win over the New York Knicks on March 2, 1962, at Hershey Sports Arena in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game __knowledge__ It is widely considered one of the greatest records in basketball.", "Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game __knowledge__ Chamberlain set five other league records that game including most free throws made, a notable achievement, as he was regarded as a poor free throw shooter.", "Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game __knowledge__ The teams broke the record for most combined points in a game (316).", "Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game __knowledge__ That season, Chamberlain averaged a record 50.4 points per game, and he had broken the NBA single-game scoring record (71) earlier in the season in December with 78 points.", "Bonus (basketball) __knowledge__ In the sport of basketball, the bonus situation (also called the penalty situation) occurs when one team accumulates a requisite number of fouls, which number varies depending on the level of play.", "Bonus (basketball) __knowledge__ When one team has committed the requisite number of fouls, each subsequent foul results in the opposing team's taking free throws regardless of the type of foul committed (i.e., whether the foul was a shooting foul).", "Bonus (basketball) __knowledge__ Teams under the limit are commonly referred to as having fouls to give, and thus they can try to disrupt their opponents without being penalized free throws.", "Bonus (basketball) __knowledge__ These fouls reset every quarter or half depending on the rules in use (i.e.", "Personal foul (basketball) __knowledge__ In basketball, a personal foul is a breach of the rules that concerns illegal personal contact with an opponent.", "Personal foul (basketball) __knowledge__ It is the most common type of foul in basketball.", "Personal foul (basketball) __knowledge__ A foul out occurs when a player exceeds his or her personal foul limit for a game and is disqualified from participation in the remainder of the game.", "Personal foul (basketball) __knowledge__ Players routinely initiate illegal contact to purposely affect the play, hoping it is seen as too minor to be called a foul.", "Personal foul (basketball) __knowledge__ The threshold is subjective and varies among officials and from game to game.", "Personal foul (basketball) __knowledge__ Most contact fouls are not regarded as unsportsmanlike.", "Personal foul (basketball) __knowledge__ However, a contact foul involving excessive or unjustified contact is classed as an \"unsportsmanlike\" foul (or in the NBA, \"flagrant foul) Basketball has always had the concept of fouls." ] ]

[ 2, 6, 10, 7, 3 ]

[ "Me too! Do you play on a team or do you like three-on-three or two-on-two?", "I'm okay at shooting the ball for two, but as soon as I get behind the three-point line, I can't make a shot.", "I get hit with a lot of violations for lifting my foot without dribbling the ball. I guess I'm not coordinated enough!", "Same here! How are you at shooting free throws after fouls?", "That's good! Basketball sounds simple, through a ball through a hoop that's mounted to a backboard, but it's a really tough sport!" ]

[ "Basketball", "Basketball", "Basketball", "Basketball", "Basketball" ]

[ "Pizza\nI love pizza it is my favorite food and was created in Naples", "Pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world", "There is a great pizzaria near my house a restaurant that specializes in pizza!", "Pizza is one of the most home delivered foods world wide" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Domo (NHK) __knowledge__ Domo-kun first appeared in short stop-motion sketches on December 22, 1998 to mark the 10th anniversary of NHK's satellite broadcasting.", "Domo (NHK) __knowledge__ The name \"Domo\" was acquired during the second episode of his show, in which a TV announcer said , which is a greeting that can be translated as \"Well, hello there!", "Domo (NHK) __knowledge__ \", but which can also be interpreted as \"Hello, Domo\", and thus is a convenient pun (\"dajare\").", "Domo (NHK) __knowledge__ The kun suffix on \"Domo-kun\", the name used to describe the character in the Japanese versions, is a Japanese honorific often used with young males.", "Domo (NHK) __knowledge__ Tsuneo Gōda directs Domo episodes using stop motion animation.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Junk food is a pejorative term for food containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little fibre, protein, vitamins or minerals.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Junk food can also refer to high protein food like meat prepared with saturated fat.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Food from many hamburger outlets, pizza and fried chicken outlets is often considered as junk food.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Concerns about the negative health effects resulting from a \"junk food\"-heavy diet, especially obesity, have resulted in public health awareness campaigns, and restrictions on advertising and sale in several countries..", "Junk food __knowledge__ The term \"junk food\" dates back at least to the early 1950s, although it has been reported that it was coined in 1972 by Michael F. Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Criticism of fast food includes claimed negative health effects, alleged animal cruelty, cases of worker exploitation, and claims of cultural degradation via shifts in people's eating patterns away from traditional foods.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Fast food chains have come under fire from consumer groups, such as the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a longtime fast food critic over issues such as caloric content, trans fats and portion sizes.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Social scientists have highlighted how the prominence of fast food narratives in popular urban legends suggests that modern consumers have an ambivalent relationship (characterized by guilt) with fast food, particularly in relation to children.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "List of Canadian restaurant chains __knowledge__ Although many of the largest restaurant chains in Canada are US-based (McDonald's and Yum Brands among others), Canadian-based restaurant chains are growing and have expanded into other markets, especially the US.", "List of Canadian restaurant chains __knowledge__ A&W Restaurants entered the Canadian market in 1956.", "List of Canadian restaurant chains __knowledge__ In 1972 the American company sold the Canadian unit to Unilever thus creating A&W (Canada).", "List of Canadian restaurant chains __knowledge__ In 1995 it was spunoff into an independent entity with no ties to its American counterpart.", "List of Canadian restaurant chains __knowledge__ BeaverTails pastry (or Queues de Castor pâtisserie in Quebec), is a chain of pastry stands operated by BeaverTails Canada Inc.", "List of Canadian restaurant chains __knowledge__ The chain's namesake product is a line of fried dough pastries, individually hand-stretched to resemble a beaver’s tail.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ Pizza Factory Inc. is a chain of pizza restaurants in the western United States, based in Oakhurst, California.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ The company began in 1979, when Danny Wheeler and his wife Carol opened Danny's Red Devil Pizza in Oakhurst.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ Ron Willey and his wife Joyce subsequently opened a second location in 1981, known as Pizza Factory.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ In 1986, Wheeler and Willey began franchising the company under the Pizza Factory name.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ By 2000, the company had expanded to China.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ In 2012, longtime franchisee and marketing team member Mary Jane Riva purchased the company and became its president and chief executive officer.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ As of 2016, Pizza Factory had 115 locations in six U.S. states.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky, during the Great Depression.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ Sanders identified the potential of restaurant franchising, and the first \"Kentucky Fried Chicken\" franchise opened in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1952.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ KFC popularized chicken in the fast-food industry, diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the hamburger.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ Branding himself \"Colonel Sanders\", the founder became a prominent figure of American cultural history, and his image remains widely used in KFC advertising.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Trans fat, or trans-unsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, are a type of unsaturated fat that occur in small amounts in nature, but became widely produced industrially from vegetable fats for use in margarine, snack food, packaged baked goods, and frying fast food starting in the 1950s.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Trans fat has been shown to consistently be associated, in an intake-dependent way, with increased risk of coronary artery disease, a leading cause of death in Western nations.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Fats contain long hydrocarbon chains, which can either be unsaturated, i.e., have double bonds, or saturated, i.e., have no double bonds." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Food policy __knowledge__ Food policy is the area of public policy concerning how food is produced, processed, distributed, and purchased.", "Food policy __knowledge__ Food policies are designed to influence the operation of the food and agriculture system.", "Food policy __knowledge__ This often includes decision-making around production and processing techniques, marketing, availability, utilization and consumption of food, in the interest of meeting or furthering social objectives.", "Food policy __knowledge__ Food policy can be promulgated on any level, from local to global, and by a government agency, business, or organization.", "Food policy __knowledge__ Food policymakers engage in activities such as regulation of food-related industries, establishing eligibility standards for food assistance programs for the poor, ensuring safety of the food supply, food labeling, and even the qualifications of a product to be considered organic.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Dr. Oetker __knowledge__ Dr. Oetker is a German company that produces baking powder, cake mixes, yogurts, frozen pizza, pudding, cake decoration, cornflakes and various other products.", "Dr. Oetker __knowledge__ The company is a wholly owned branch of the Oetker Group.", "Dr. Oetker __knowledge__ Also included in the portfolio are a bank, a publishing company, an insurance outfit, breweries and a number of high-class hotels all over Europe.", "Dr. Oetker __knowledge__ The company was founded by Doctor August Oetker in 1891; the first product developed was \"Backin\", a pre-measured amount of baking powder that, when mixed with of flour and other ingredients, produced a cake.", "Dr. Oetker __knowledge__ Dr. Oetker's son, Rudolf, died in the First World War.", "Ellio's Pizza __knowledge__ Ellio's Pizza is an American brand of frozen pizza owned and distributed by Dr. Oetker, a German corporation, and sold in grocery stores in the Northeastern United States.", "Ellio's Pizza __knowledge__ Ellio's was previously owned by McCain Foods, a Canadian corporation, but was sold to Dr. Oetker in 2014.", "Ellio's Pizza __knowledge__ Although it is not available for sale in much of the country, the pizza brand has remained popular throughout the Northeast since its introduction in 1963.", "Ellio's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1963, Ellio's Pizza was founded in the Long Island, New York town of Great Neck by Elias Betzios and George Liolis.", "Ellio's Pizza __knowledge__ Four years later, Ellio's introduced its signature \"9 slice\" pizza in a box comprising 3 rectangular pizzas, each divisible crosswise into three slices.", "Tombstone (pizza) __knowledge__ Tombstone is a brand of frozen pizza.", "Tombstone (pizza) __knowledge__ It is available with a variety of toppings, including pepperoni, mushrooms, olives, onions, bell peppers, and sausage.", "Tombstone (pizza) __knowledge__ The package design typically includes images of a cactus and the pizza.", "Tombstone (pizza) __knowledge__ Tombstone was founded in Medford, Wisconsin, United States, by Pep Simek, his brother, Ron Simek, and two other individuals in 1962.", "Tombstone (pizza) __knowledge__ The name came from \"The Tombstone Tap\", a tavern owned by the Simeks which was located across from a cemetery.", "Tombstone (pizza) __knowledge__ In 1986, the Tombstone Pizza Company became a wholly owned but \"freestanding\" division of Kraft Foods.", "Tombstone (pizza) __knowledge__ The employees who worked for Tombstone at the time were allowed to keep their jobs, although Pep and Ron Simek stepped aside from their roles in the business.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ Goodfella's is an Irish well-known and popular brand of frozen pizzas.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ It had been the leading brand of frozen pizza in the UK until 2005 and is still the leading brand of frozen pizza in Ireland.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ The UK frozen pizza market is worth around £400m.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ Green Isle, headquartered in Naas, created the brand in 1993.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ In the early 1990s, varieties of frozen food in the UK was fairly limited to fish fingers, beefburgers and frozen chips.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ Frozen food in the UK was largely provided by Birds Eye.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ Northern Foods bought Green Isle Foods of the Republic of Ireland in 1995.", "Goodfella's __knowledge__ Northern Foods was founded on 15 August 1949.", "Palermo's Pizza __knowledge__ Palermo's Pizza is a brand of frozen pizza manufactured by Palermo Villa Inc. of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.", "Palermo's Pizza __knowledge__ Palermo's frozen pizzas are available in grocery stores and big box retailers in almost every state, and online through the company’s web site.", "Palermo's Pizza __knowledge__ The company operates a research & development team including a food scientist — and manufactures private label or house brand pizzas for other companies.", "Palermo's Pizza __knowledge__ The company was started by Sicilian immigrants Gaspare \"Jack\" and Zina Fallucca who opened an Italian bakery on Milwaukee’s east side in 1964.", "Palermo's Pizza __knowledge__ The Falluccas opened Palermo Villa restaurant in 1969, but sold it in 1979, when they began to manufacture and sell frozen pizzas." ] ]

[ 2, 8, 13, 6 ]

[ "I love it too! I had it for supper last night! I added vegetables, meats, and condiments and it was delicious!", "It's certainly popular in MY house! LOL I prefer homemade, but sometimes I will order it from a chain restaurant or one of the fast food outlets", "Lucky you! So close to all that pizza! Interestingly, Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza!", "I like the convenience of delivery! Tomorrow I'm going to order a true Neapolitan pizza - it should be yummy!" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Ford F-Series", "Ford is awesome. I have a older F250 and it's a champ. Mine is 8 years old but still running string however, a new one would be nice! I bet it looks great!", "Well I guess we both picked great! What features did you get on yours?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ As of the 2017 model year, the F-Series includes the F-150, the Super Duty (F-250 through F-550), and F-650 and F-750 Super Duty medium-duty commercial trucks.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The most popular version of the F-Series is the F-150, now in its thirteenth generation.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ Through the use of rebadging, Ford has marketed the F-Series through all three Ford divisions in North America.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ From 1946 to 1968, Mercury sold the Mercury M-Series in Canada; during the 2000s, Lincoln sold the Lincoln Blackwood, replaced by the Lincoln Mark LT." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ As of the 2017 model year, the F-Series includes the F-150, the Super Duty (F-250 through F-550), and F-650 and F-750 Super Duty medium-duty commercial trucks.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The most popular version of the F-Series is the F-150, now in its thirteenth generation.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ Through the use of rebadging, Ford has marketed the F-Series through all three Ford divisions in North America.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ From 1946 to 1968, Mercury sold the Mercury M-Series in Canada; during the 2000s, Lincoln sold the Lincoln Blackwood, replaced by the Lincoln Mark LT.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Newcastle House __knowledge__ Newcastle House is a mansion in Lincoln's Inn Fields in central London, England.", "Newcastle House __knowledge__ It was one of the two largest houses built in London's largest square during its development in the 17th century, the other being Lindsey House.", "Newcastle House __knowledge__ It is the northernmost house on the western side of the square.", "Newcastle House __knowledge__ The house had a complex history.", "Newcastle House __knowledge__ The first version was built in 1641-42 for the Earl of Carlisle.", "Newcastle House __knowledge__ In 1672 it was purchased by William Herbert, 1st Marquess of Powis and renamed Powis House, but in 1684 it burned down.", "Newcastle House __knowledge__ Reconstruction of a new house - effectively the one which still stands, albeit greatly altered - to designs by Captain William Winde commenced promptly, but in 1688 the house was ransacked by a mob in consequence of Lord Powis's association with the recently deposed James II.", "Landmap __knowledge__ Landmap was a Mimas service based at the University of Manchester and was funded by Jisc.", "Landmap __knowledge__ The service freely provides UK academia with a spatial data download service, via Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards for maximum interoperability, which is enhanced and supported by a range of teaching and learning materials.", "Landmap __knowledge__ The spatial data and the learning materials are primarily for students, lecturers and researchers and can be accessed only through Shibboleth or Athens or similar UK university/institution authentication.", "Landmap __knowledge__ Jisc funding for the Landmap service terminated on the 31st December 2013.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series Super Duty (often shortened to Ford Super Duty) is a series of trucks manufactured by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Introduced in 1998 for the 1999 model year, the F-Series Super Duty trucks marked the addition of a heavy-duty pickup to the Ford F-Series range, including the F-250 and F-350 pickups; the previous 1987–1997 F-Super Duty chassis cabs were replaced by the F-450 and F-550 Super Duty.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Distinguished from the F-150 by its separate bodywork, the Super Duty trucks utilize a distinct chassis from the F-150 with heavier-duty chassis and suspension components to allow for higher payload and towing capacities; additionally, the product line continued the use of Ford PowerStroke diesel engines.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ The Ford Expedition is a full-size SUV that is made by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Introduced for the 1997 model year as the successor of the Ford Bronco, the Expedition is the first full-size Ford SUV sold with a four-door body.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ For its entire production life, the Ford Expedition has been derived from the corresponding generation of the Ford F-150 in production, sharing body and mechanical components.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Currently in its third model generation, a fourth-generation Ford Expedition is slated to enter production for the 2018 model year.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Similar to the configuration of the Chevrolet Tahoe and Suburban, the Ford Expedition is sold in regular and extended lengths (the Ford Expedition EL/Max); sold since 2007, the latter functionally serves as the replacement for the Ford Excursion.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ The Ford B-Series is a bus chassis that was manufactured by the Ford Motor Company from 1948 to 1998.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ Derived from the medium-duty variants of the Ford F-Series, the B-Series were produced as a cowled chassis; the design was a bare chassis aft of the firewall.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ While primarily used for school bus applications in the United States and Canada, the chassis was exported worldwide for to construct a wide variety of bus bodies.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ Prior to 1969, Lincoln-Mercury dealers in Canada marketed the B-Series as part of the Mercury M-Series truck line.", "Ford B-Series __knowledge__ At the time, rural communities in Canada were serviced by either the Ford or the Lincoln-Mercury dealer network, but not both networks concurrently.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ The Ford Ranger is a compact pickup truck that was manufactured and marketed by Ford Motor Company from 1983 to 2012 model years for North America; from 1997 to 2011, a version was also manufactured and sold in South America.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Introduced to replace the Ford Courier produced in Japan by Mazda, the Ranger was produced in two distinct generations.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ While introduced a year after the Chevrolet S-10, the Ranger would go on to become the best-selling compact truck in the United States from 1987 to 2004.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Over its production life, the chassis and underpinnings of the Ranger would be used for various compact Ford trucks, most commonly as sport-utility vehicles.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ The Ford Bronco is a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV, predating the term SUV) manufactured and marketed by Ford from 1966 to 1996, over five generations of vehicles.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ Ford has described plans to reintroduce the Bronco in 2020.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ The Bronco was introduced in 1966 as a competitor to the small four-wheel-drive compact SUVs that included the Jeep CJ-5 and International Harvester Scout; it was built on its own platform.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ A major redesign in 1978 enlarged the Bronco, using a shortened Ford F-Series truck chassis to compete with the similarly adapted Chevy K5 Blazer and the Dodge Ramcharger.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ Most Broncos are equipped with a swing-away spare tire carrier on the outside of the rear door." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series is a series of light-duty trucks and medium-duty trucks (Class 2-7) that have been marketed and manufactured by Ford Motor Company since 1948.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ While most variants of the F-Series trucks are full-size pickup trucks, the F-Series also includes chassis cab trucks and commercial vehicles.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1981 and the best-selling pickup since 1977.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ It is also the best selling vehicle in Canada.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ In 1999, to bridge the gap between the pickup line and the medium-duty trucks, the F-250 and F-350 became the Ford Super Duty vehicles; considered an expansion of the F-Series, the Super Duty trucks are built on a distinct chassis with heavier-duty components.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ As of the 2017 model year, the F-Series includes the F-150, the Super Duty (F-250 through F-550), and F-650 and F-750 Super Duty medium-duty commercial trucks.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ The most popular version of the F-Series is the F-150, now in its thirteenth generation.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ Through the use of rebadging, Ford has marketed the F-Series through all three Ford divisions in North America.", "Ford F-Series __knowledge__ From 1946 to 1968, Mercury sold the Mercury M-Series in Canada; during the 2000s, Lincoln sold the Lincoln Blackwood, replaced by the Lincoln Mark LT.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess (styled as GUESS or Guess?)", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ is an American clothing brand and retailer.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ In addition to clothing for both men and women, Guess markets other fashion accessories such as watches, jewelry, perfumes, and shoes.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess began in 1981 as a book of styles by Georges Marciano.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Maurice, Georges brother, was first sought by Georges to help with product development.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand and Paul, also Georges' brothers, were in charge of distribution and advertising, respectively.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand ran distribution.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Paul created the advertising, all of it in-house.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Georges designed the clothes, burnishing Guess' signature style: stonewashed denim, lighter in color, softer and more form-fitting than the competitors.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The Guess Who are a Canadian rock band, formed in Winnipeg in 1965.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Initially gaining recognition in Canada, the group found international success from the late 1960s through the mid-1970s with many hit singles, including \"No Time\", \"American Woman\", \"Laughing\", \"These Eyes\", \"Undun\" and \"Share the Land\".", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The band have continued to perform and record to the present day; and at various times have included many well-known musicians, including Burton Cummings and Randy Bachman (of Bachman–Turner Overdrive).", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Formed as a garage rock band, their musical style encompassed the pop rock and psychedelic rock genres.", "Pilot (Awake) __knowledge__ \"Pilot\" is the pilot episode of the American television police procedural fantasy drama \"Awake\", which originally aired on NBC on March 1, 2012.", "Pilot (Awake) __knowledge__ Written by series creator Kyle Killen, \"Pilot\" earned a Nielsen rating of 2.0, being watched by 6.247 million viewers upon its initial broadcast.", "Pilot (Awake) __knowledge__ Directed by David Slade, it became the highest-rated non-sports program in its respective time slot on NBC in over a year.", "Pilot (Awake) __knowledge__ The episode has generally received positive reviews, with many critics commenting on the episode's unique script, and the cast members, particularly Jason Isaacs' performance as Michael Britten, who they felt effectively embodied the characteristics of the lead role.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Family Game Night is an American television game show based on Hasbro's family of board games and EA's video game franchise of the same name.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Todd Newton.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Burton Richardson announced for the first two seasons, until he was replaced by Stacey J. Aswad for the third season, and then Andrew Kishino beginning in the fourth season.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ The 60-minute program debuted on October 10, 2010 on the new channel, The Hub, formerly Discovery Kids (later Discovery Family on October 13, 2014); it was previewed on October 9, 2010 on its sister channel, TLC.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Seasons 1 through 3 each contained between 20 and 30 episodes.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ The Ford Ranger is a compact pickup truck that was manufactured and marketed by Ford Motor Company from 1983 to 2012 model years for North America; from 1997 to 2011, a version was also manufactured and sold in South America.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Introduced to replace the Ford Courier produced in Japan by Mazda, the Ranger was produced in two distinct generations.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ While introduced a year after the Chevrolet S-10, the Ranger would go on to become the best-selling compact truck in the United States from 1987 to 2004.", "Ford Ranger (North America) __knowledge__ Over its production life, the chassis and underpinnings of the Ranger would be used for various compact Ford trucks, most commonly as sport-utility vehicles.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series Super Duty (often shortened to Ford Super Duty) is a series of trucks manufactured by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Introduced in 1998 for the 1999 model year, the F-Series Super Duty trucks marked the addition of a heavy-duty pickup to the Ford F-Series range, including the F-250 and F-350 pickups; the previous 1987–1997 F-Super Duty chassis cabs were replaced by the F-450 and F-550 Super Duty.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Distinguished from the F-150 by its separate bodywork, the Super Duty trucks utilize a distinct chassis from the F-150 with heavier-duty chassis and suspension components to allow for higher payload and towing capacities; additionally, the product line continued the use of Ford PowerStroke diesel engines.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Ford F-Series (thirteenth generation) __knowledge__ The thirteenth-generation Ford F-Series was unveiled at the 2014 North American International Auto Show on January 13, 2014.", "Ford F-Series (thirteenth generation) __knowledge__ Based on an all-new platform, the 2015 Ford F-150 marked the adoption of aluminum body construction for the F-Series.", "Ford F-Series (thirteenth generation) __knowledge__ Using an exterior design previewed by the 2013 Ford Atlas concept vehicle, the 2015 F-150 introduced a number of driver assistance and safety technologies to the vehicle, including a 360-Degree camera, Adaptive Cruise Control and Collision Warning with Brake Support, Blind Spot Information System with Cross-Traffic Alert, and Lane-Keeping System.", "Ford F-Series (thirteenth generation) __knowledge__ For the 2017 model year, the Ford Super Duty truck line was completely redesigned for the first time.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ The Ford Bronco is a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV, predating the term SUV) manufactured and marketed by Ford from 1966 to 1996, over five generations of vehicles.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ Ford has described plans to reintroduce the Bronco in 2020.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ The Bronco was introduced in 1966 as a competitor to the small four-wheel-drive compact SUVs that included the Jeep CJ-5 and International Harvester Scout; it was built on its own platform.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ A major redesign in 1978 enlarged the Bronco, using a shortened Ford F-Series truck chassis to compete with the similarly adapted Chevy K5 Blazer and the Dodge Ramcharger.", "Ford Bronco __knowledge__ Most Broncos are equipped with a swing-away spare tire carrier on the outside of the rear door." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 7 ]

[ "I just bought a brand new Ford truck! It's a light-duty truck - one of the Ford F series ones.It's awesome!", "It does look great! Since 1981 the best-selling vehicle in the United States has been the Ford F-Series!", "It's loaded! Nothing but the best for me! Interestingly the F-150 is in its thirteenth generation! That's a lot of trucks!" ]

[ "Ford F-Series", "Ford F-Series", "Ford F-Series" ]

[ "Alabama\nI've been to Alabama one time, but I wasn't impressed.", "Yes, I also don't care for the fact that many of them proudly boast their Confederate flags.", "Yes, those are all great states. I wonder what Alabama is best known for.", "My dad was born in Tuscumbia, Alabama.", "I don't think its too far!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2012 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) football season.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It marked the Crimson Tide's 118th overall season of playing college football, 79th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and 21st within the SEC Western Division.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his sixth year, and played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It finished the season with a record of 13 wins and 1 loss (13–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC), as SEC champion and as consensus national champion after it defeated Notre Dame in the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) National Championship Game.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Third Saturday in October __knowledge__ The Third Saturday in October is an American college football rivalry game played annually by the Crimson Tide of the University of Alabama and the Volunteers of the University of Tennessee.", "Third Saturday in October __knowledge__ The respective campuses are located approximately apart.", "Third Saturday in October __knowledge__ It is known as the Third Saturday in October because the game was traditionally played on it prior to the 1992 football season, when the Southeastern Conference (SEC) split into its Eastern and Western divisions.", "Third Saturday in October __knowledge__ From 1995 to 2015, it was only scheduled for that date six times, though it was scheduled for that date in 2016 and 2017.", "Third Saturday in October __knowledge__ Alabama leads the series 55–38–7 (56–37–8 on the field).", "History of Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama became a state of the United States of America on December 14, 1819.", "History of Alabama __knowledge__ After, the Indian wars and removals of the early 19th century forced most Native Americans out of the state, white settlers arrived in large numbers, bringing or importing African slaves in the domestic trade.", "History of Alabama __knowledge__ In antebellum Alabama, wealthy planters created large cotton plantations based in the fertile central Black Belt of the upland region, which depended on the labor of enslaved Africans.", "History of Alabama __knowledge__ Tens of thousands of slaves were transported to and sold in the state by slave traders who purchased them in the Upper South.", "History of Alabama __knowledge__ Elsewhere in Alabama, poorer whites practiced subsistence farming.", "1938 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 1938 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\" or \"Bama\") represented the University of Alabama in the 1938 college football season.", "1938 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 45th overall and 6th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).", "1938 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Frank Thomas, in his eighth year, and played their home games at Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa and Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama.", "1938 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of seven wins, one loss and one tie (7–1–1 overall, 4–1–1 in the SEC).", "1938 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The Crimson Tide opened the season with a 19–7 victory in an intersectional contest against USC at Los Angeles.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Nicholas Lou Saban Jr. (; born October 31, 1951) is an American football coach who has been the head football coach at the University of Alabama since 2007.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban previously served as head coach of the National Football League's Miami Dolphins and three other universities: Louisiana State University, Michigan State University, and the University of Toledo.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban's career record as a college head coach is 218–62–1..", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ He is regarded by many as the greatest college coach of all time.", "Nick Saban __knowledge__ Saban led the LSU Tigers to the BCS National Championship in 2003 and the Alabama Crimson Tide to BCS and AP national championships in 2009, 2011, 2012, and College Football Playoff championships in 2015 and 2017." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s.", "Modern display of the Confederate flag __knowledge__ The display of flags used by and associated with the Confederate States of America (1861–1865) has continued, with a long interruption, into the present day, with the \"Southern cross\" used in the battle flag of General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia gaining the most popular recognition as a modern symbol of the Confederacy, and by extension, of the white component of the Southern United States in general.", "Modern display of the Confederate flag __knowledge__ Such displays have been made for a variety of reasons, with Southern culture, states' rights, and historical commemoration among the stated reasons for particular uses.", "Modern display of the Confederate flag __knowledge__ Displaying the flag has long been controversial in the United States, due to the flag's longstanding associations with treason, racism, slavery, segregation, and white supremacy.", "Lost Cause of the Confederacy __knowledge__ The Lost Cause of the Confederacy, or simply the Lost Cause, is a movement that describes the Confederate cause as a heroic one against great odds despite its defeat.", "Lost Cause of the Confederacy __knowledge__ The beliefs endorse the virtues of the antebellum South, viewing the American Civil War as an honorable struggle for the Southern way of life while minimizing or denying the central role of slavery.", "Lost Cause of the Confederacy __knowledge__ While it was not taught in the North, aspects of it did win acceptance there and helped the process of reunifying American whites.", "Lost Cause of the Confederacy __knowledge__ The Lost Cause belief system synthesized numerous ideas into a coherent package.", "Lost Cause of the Confederacy __knowledge__ Lost Cause supporters argued that slavery was not the main cause of the Civil War, and claimed that few scholars saw it as such before the 1950s.", "The Proper Way to Hang a Confederate Flag __knowledge__ The Proper Way to Hang a Confederate Flag is an art installation by John Sims.", "The Proper Way to Hang a Confederate Flag __knowledge__ The controversial installation consists of a Confederate flag hanging from a noose at a 13-foot gallows.", "The Proper Way to Hang a Confederate Flag __knowledge__ \"The Proper way to Hang a Confederate Flag\" was first shown in Schmucker Gallery at Gettysburg College in 2004 as a part of Sims' \"Recoloration Proclamation: The Gettysburg Redress\".", "The Proper Way to Hang a Confederate Flag __knowledge__ \"Recoloration Proclamation\" targets specific traditional symbols of southern heritage, which are inextricably linked to slavery and racism in America.", "The Proper Way to Hang a Confederate Flag __knowledge__ Included in the exhibition are recolored Confederate flags, a Confederate flag hanging from the gallows, a contemporary rewrite of the Gettysburg Address, contemporary recordings of the song \"Dixie\", and a documentary film.", "Confederate Memorial (Romney, West Virginia) __knowledge__ The Confederate Memorial (also referred to as the First Confederate Memorial) at Indian Mound Cemetery in Romney, West Virginia, commemorates residents of Hampshire County who died during the American Civil War while fighting for the Confederate States of America.", "Confederate Memorial (Romney, West Virginia) __knowledge__ It was sponsored by the Confederate Memorial Association, which formally dedicated the monument on September 26, 1867.", "Confederate Memorial (Romney, West Virginia) __knowledge__ The town of Romney has claimed that this is the first memorial structure erected to memorialize the Confederate dead in the United States and that the town performed the nation's first public decoration of Confederate graves on June 1, 1866.", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The Britannia's Fist Trilogy is an alternate history series by Peter G. Tsouras about an Anglo-French intervention into the American Civil War in 1863 and the global repercussions of such a conflict.", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The first and second volumes, and , were released relatively close together in 2008 and 2010 respectively.", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The final volume, , was released in 2015 and does not feature the extensive casualty reports seen in the first two novels.", "The Britannia's Fist Trilogy __knowledge__ The United States and the United Kingdom had already been on the verge of conflict in 1862 over the Trent Affair in which Confederate diplomats were seized on a British ship in international waters, but cooler heads had managed to prevail and the diplomats were returned.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ The history of Missouri begins with settlement of the region by indigenous people during the Paleo-Indian period beginning in about 12,000 BC.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Subsequent periods of native life emerged until the 17th century.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ New France set up small settlements, and in 1803 Napoleonic France sold the area to the U.S. as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Statehood for Missouri came following a compromise in 1820 that allowed slavery.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Settlement was rapid after 1820, aided by a network of rivers navigable by steamboats, centered in the dominant city St. Louis.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ It attracted European immigrants, especially Germans; the business community had a large Yankee element as well.", "Appomattox Campaign __knowledge__ The Appomattox Campaign was a series of American Civil War battles fought March 29 – April 9, 1865 in Virginia that concluded with the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia to forces of the Union Army (Army of the Potomac, Army of the James and Army of the Shenandoah) under the overall command of Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant.", "Appomattox Campaign __knowledge__ In the following eleven weeks after Lee's surrender, the American Civil War ended as other Confederate armies surrendered and Confederate government leaders were captured or fled the country.", "Appomattox Campaign __knowledge__ As the Richmond–Petersburg Campaign (also known as the Siege of Petersburg) ended, Lee's army was outnumbered and exhausted from a winter of trench warfare over an approximately front, numerous battles, disease, hunger and desertion.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 116th overall season, 77th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 19th within the SEC Western Division.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fourth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of ten wins and three losses (10–3, 5–3 in the SEC) and defeated Michigan State 49–7 in the Capital One Bowl.", "Respect (Joel Turner song) __knowledge__ \"Respect\" is the fourth single from Joel Turner and the Modern Day Poets' self-titled debut album.", "Respect (Joel Turner song) __knowledge__ The verses are performed by the Modern Day Poets (MDP), with Turner contributing the chorus, bass and beatbox backing.", "Respect (Joel Turner song) __knowledge__ A piano riff was supplied by Mefi Puni and Bryan Bouro.", "Respect (Joel Turner song) __knowledge__ The song is essentially a social comment on the lack of respect that exists within the hip-hop community.", "Respect (Joel Turner song) __knowledge__ It also alludes to the gang wars that have claimed the lives of several American rappers, and is a warning and a plea that the Australian hip-hop scene does not follow suit.", "Respect (Joel Turner song) __knowledge__ On release, the single's video caused a slight controversy, as some people criticized the use of images of murdered rapper Tupac Shakur,But what the critics didn't know, Joel Turner's cousin Chris Heiner A.K.A C4 now known as 3am in the Valley called Video Hits Host at the time (Axle Whitehead) to pull the clip off air as Joel Turner and the Modern Day Poets were unaware that the Tupac and Biggie footage was put together and organised by Mark Holden.", "2008 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2008 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2008 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 114th overall season, 75th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 17th within the SEC Western Division.", "2008 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his second year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2008 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished with an undefeated 12–0 regular season, their first since 1994, and won their first SEC Western Division Championship since 1999.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Self-blame is a cognitive process in which an individual attributes the occurrence of a stressful event to oneself.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ The direction of blame often has implications for individuals’ emotions and behaviors during and following stressful situations.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Self-blame is a common reaction to stressful events and has certain effects on how individuals adapt.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Types of self-blame are hypothesized to contribute to depression, and self-blame is a component of self-directed emotions like guilt and self-disgust.", "Self-blame (psychology) __knowledge__ Because of self-blame’s commonality in response to stress and its role in emotion, self-blame should be examined using psychology’s perspectives on stress and coping.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2012 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) football season.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It marked the Crimson Tide's 118th overall season of playing college football, 79th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and 21st within the SEC Western Division.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his sixth year, and played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2012 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It finished the season with a record of 13 wins and 1 loss (13–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC), as SEC champion and as consensus national champion after it defeated Notre Dame in the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) National Championship Game." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s.", "The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ \"The Menagerie\" is a two-part episode of the American science fiction television series, \"\".", "The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ It consists of episodes 11 and 12 (production #16) of the show's and is the only two-part story in the original series.", "The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ Part one of the episode was broadcast on November 17, 1966, with part two broadcast on November 24, 1966.", "The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ NBC repeated the two shows on May 18 and 25, 1967.", "The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Gene Roddenberry.", "The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ Since the first 1965 pilot episode, \"\", was not shown on television until 1988, Desilu (the show's production company) made a decision on what should be done with the wasted footage from the unused pilot movie.", "The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ \"The Cage\" is the first pilot episode of the American television series \".\"", "The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ It was completed in early 1965 (with a copyright date of 1964), but not broadcast on television in its complete form until late 1988.", "The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Gene Roddenberry and directed by Robert Butler.", "The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ It was rejected by NBC in February 1965, and the network ordered another pilot episode, which became \"Where No Man Has Gone Before.\"", "The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ Much original footage from \"The Cage\" was later incorporated into the two-parter, \".\"", "The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ \"The Cage\" had many of the features of the eventual series, but there were numerous differences.", "The Cage (Star Trek: The Original Series) __knowledge__ The Captain of the starship USS \"Enterprise\" was not James T. Kirk, but Christopher Pike.", "Christopher Pike (Star Trek) __knowledge__ Christopher Pike is a character in the \"Star Trek\" science fiction franchise.", "Christopher Pike (Star Trek) __knowledge__ He was portrayed by Jeffrey Hunter in the original \"\" pilot episode, \"\", as captain of the .", "Christopher Pike (Star Trek) __knowledge__ The pilot was rejected, and the character was dropped during development of the second pilot when Hunter decided that he did not want to continue with the series.", "Christopher Pike (Star Trek) __knowledge__ Sean Kenney portrayed Pike in new footage filmed for a subsequent \"Star Trek\" episode, \"\", which also re-uses original footage featuring Hunter from \"The Cage\".", "Christopher Pike (Star Trek) __knowledge__ Bruce Greenwood portrays Pike in the 2009 film \"Star Trek\" and its 2013 sequel, \"Star Trek Into Darkness\".", "Japanese destroyer Akishimo __knowledge__ The \"Yūgumo\" class was a repeat of the preceding with minor improvements that increased their anti-aircraft capabilities.", "Japanese destroyer Akishimo __knowledge__ Their crew numbered 228 officers and enlisted men.", "Japanese destroyer Akishimo __knowledge__ The ships measured overall, with a beam of and a draft of .", "Japanese destroyer Akishimo __knowledge__ They displaced at standard load and at deep load.", "Japanese destroyer Akishimo __knowledge__ The ships had two Kampon geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three Kampon water-tube boilers.", "Japanese destroyer Akishimo __knowledge__ The turbines were rated at a total of for a designed speed of .", "Japanese destroyer Akishimo __knowledge__ The main armament of the \"Yūgumo\" class consisted of six Type 3 guns in three twin-gun turrets, one superfiring pair aft and one turret forward of the superstructure.", "Caleb Carr __knowledge__ Caleb Carr is a military historian and author born August 2, 1955 in New York, New York.", "Caleb Carr __knowledge__ Carr is the second of three sons born to Lucien Carr and Francesca Von Hartz.", "Caleb Carr __knowledge__ He is the critically acclaimed author of \"The Alienist, The Angel of Darkness, The Lessons of Terror, Killing Time, The Devil Soldier, The Italian Secretary,\" and \"The Legend of Broken\".", "Caleb Carr __knowledge__ He has taught military history at Bard College, and worked extensively in film, television, and the theater.", "Caleb Carr __knowledge__ His military and political writings have appeared in numerous magazines and periodicals, among them \"The Washington Post, The New York Times,\" and \"The Wall Street Journal\".", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee–American wars, also known as the Chickamauga Wars, were a series of back-and-forth raids, campaigns, ambushes, minor skirmishes, and several full-scale frontier battles in the Old Southwest from 1776 to 1795 between the Cherokee (\"Ani-Yunwiya\" or \"Nana Waiya\", \"Tsalagi\") and the Americans on the frontier.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ Most of the events took place in the Upper South.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ While their fight stretched across the entire period, there were times, sometimes ranging over several months, of little or no action.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee leader Dragging Canoe (who has been recorded to have been in early Mobile Alabama), whom some historians call \"the Savage Napoleon\", and his warriors and other Cherokee fought alongside and in conjunction with Indians from a number of other tribes both in the Old Southwest and in the Old Northwest, most often Muscogee (\"Muskokulke\") in the former and the Shawnee (\"Saawanwa\") in the latter.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ The 2008 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida in the sport of American football during the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ The Gators competed in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Eastern Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), and played their home games in Ben Hill Griffin Stadium on the university's Gainesville, Florida, campus.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ They were led by fourth-year head coach Urban Meyer.", "2008 Florida Gators football team __knowledge__ After clinching the SEC East, the Gators defeated then top-ranked Alabama Crimson Tide 31–20 in the SEC Championship Game to win their eighth conference title.", "Southeastern Conference __knowledge__ The Southeastern Conference (SEC) is an American college athletic conference whose member institutions are located primarily in the Southern part of the United States.", "Southeastern Conference __knowledge__ Its fourteen members include the flagship public universities of eleven states, two additional public land grant universities, and one private research university.", "Southeastern Conference __knowledge__ The conference is headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama.", "Southeastern Conference __knowledge__ The SEC participates in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I in sports competitions; for football, it is part of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), formerly known as Division I-A.", "Southeastern Conference __knowledge__ The SEC is regarded as one of the most accomplished sports conferences in terms of its winning reputation, with 43 national football championships, 21 basketball championships, 41 indoor track championships, 42 outdoor track championships, 24 swimming championships, and 20 gymnastics championships.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The history of Florida Gators football began in 1906.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The Florida Gators football team represents the University of Florida in the sport of American football.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ It has competed in the Southeastern Conference since 1933, in its eastern division since 1992.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ Previously, Florida was a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) from 1912 to 1921 and the Southern Conference (SoCon) from 1922 to 1932.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ There have been 25 head coaches for the team, starting with Pee Wee Forsythe in 1906.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The current head coach of the Gators is Dan Mullen.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The Gators have fielded a team every season since 1906, with the exception of 1943.", "2011 Super Outbreak __knowledge__ The 2011 Super Outbreak was the largest, costliest, and one of the deadliest tornado outbreaks ever recorded, affecting the Southern, Midwestern, and Northeastern United States and leaving catastrophic destruction in its wake.", "2011 Super Outbreak __knowledge__ The event affected Alabama and Mississippi the most severely, but it also produced destructive tornadoes in Arkansas, Georgia, Tennessee and Virginia, and affected many other areas throughout the Southern and Eastern United States.", "2011 Super Outbreak __knowledge__ In total, 362 tornadoes were confirmed by NOAA's National Weather Service (NWS) and Government of Canada's Environment Canada in 21 states from Texas to New York to southern Canada.", "33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry __knowledge__ The 33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry was an infantry unit from Alabama that served in the Confederate States Army during the U.S. Civil War.", "33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry __knowledge__ Recruited from the southeastern counties of Butler, Dale, Coffee, Covington, Russell and Montgomery, it saw extensive service with the Confederate Army of Tennessee before being nearly annihilated at the Battle of Franklin in 1864.", "33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry __knowledge__ Survivors from the regiment would continue to serve until the final capitulation of General Joseph Johnston in North Carolina in 1865, though the 33rd had been combined with remnants of three other regiments prior to the surrender." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s.", "Tuscumbia, Alabama __knowledge__ Tuscumbia is a city in and the county seat of Colbert County, Alabama, United States.", "Tuscumbia, Alabama __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,423.", "Tuscumbia, Alabama __knowledge__ The city is part of The Shoals metropolitan area.", "Tuscumbia, Alabama __knowledge__ Tuscumbia was the hometown of Helen Keller (Ivy Green) and much of the city is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Tuscumbia Historic District.", "Tuscumbia, Alabama __knowledge__ The city serves as the location for the Alabama Music Hall of Fame.", "Tuscumbia, Alabama __knowledge__ Tuscumbia had its beginnings when the Michael Dixon family arrived about 1816.", "Tuscumbia, Alabama __knowledge__ They traded with Chief Tucumseh for the Tuscumbia Valley and built their home at the head of the big spring.", "USS Tuscumbia (1862) __knowledge__ The first USS \"Tuscumbia\" was a gunboat in the United States Navy during the American Civil War.", "USS Tuscumbia (1862) __knowledge__ She was named for the town of Tuscumbia, Alabama, which had been named for a Cherokee chief.", "USS Tuscumbia (1862) __knowledge__ \"Tuscumbia\" was built in 1862 at Cincinnati, Ohio, by Joseph Brown; launched on 2 December; and commissioned at Cairo, Illinois; on 12 March 1863, Lieutenant Commander James W. Shirk in command.", "USS Tuscumbia (1862) __knowledge__ She had two engines for the two sidewheels and two smaller engines for her two screws.", "USS Tuscumbia (1862) __knowledge__ \"Tuscumbia\" assisted in the recapture of Fort Heiman on the Tennessee River from 12 March to 14 March 1863.", "USS Tuscumbia (1862) __knowledge__ The vessel destroyed Confederate shipping used to ferry troops across the river and enfiladed Southern entrenchments situated behind the fort.", "University of North Alabama __knowledge__ The University of North Alabama (UNA) is a coeducational university located in Florence, Alabama.", "University of North Alabama __knowledge__ It is the state's oldest four-year public university.", "University of North Alabama __knowledge__ Occupying a campus in a residential section of Florence, UNA is located within a four-city area that also includes Tuscumbia, Sheffield and Muscle Shoals.", "University of North Alabama __knowledge__ The four cities comprise a metropolitan area with a combined population of 140,000 people.", "University of North Alabama __knowledge__ The University of North Alabama was founded as LaGrange College in 1830.", "University of North Alabama __knowledge__ It was reestablished in 1872 as the first state-supported teachers college south of the Ohio River.", "University of North Alabama __knowledge__ A year later, it became one of the nation's first coeducational colleges.", "U.S. Route 43 __knowledge__ U.S. Route 43 (US 43) is a north–south United States Highway in the East South Central States of Alabama and Tennessee.", "U.S. Route 43 __knowledge__ It travels from Prichard, Alabama to Columbia, Tennessee.", "U.S. Route 43 __knowledge__ The highway's southern terminus is in Prichard, at an intersection with US 90.", "U.S. Route 43 __knowledge__ Its northern terminus is in Columbia, Tennessee, at an intersection with US 31/US 412/US 412 Bus.", "U.S. Route 43 __knowledge__ In Alabama and Tennessee, all of the U.S.", "U.S. Route 43 __knowledge__ Highways in each state have one or more unsigned state highways designated along its length.", "U.S. Route 43 __knowledge__ US 43 travels concurrently with Alabama State Route 13 (SR 13) from its southern terminus to an intersection in southeastern Fayette County.", "Tuscumbia (YTB-762) __knowledge__ \"Tuscumbia\" (YTB-762) was a United States Navy .", "Tuscumbia (YTB-762) __knowledge__ The second ship to bear the name, \"Tuscumbia\" was named for the town of Tuscumbia, Alabama, which had been named for a Cherokee chief.", "Tuscumbia (YTB-762) __knowledge__ The contract for \"Tuscumbia\" was awarded 14 October 1960.", "Tuscumbia (YTB-762) __knowledge__ She was laid down on 16 February 1961 at Slidell, Louisiana by Southern Shipbuilding Corporation 22 August 1961.", "Tuscumbia (YTB-762) __knowledge__ \"Tuscumbia\" served in the Pacific Ocean, initially at San Diego, California, attached to the 11th Naval District, until shifted to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, to operate in the 14th Naval District providing the necessary tug and tow services to support the U.S. Pacific Fleet from 1963 to and into 1978.", "Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad __knowledge__ Incorporated on January 13, 1832, the Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad was a railroad in Alabama, the United States.", "Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad __knowledge__ The Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad ran from Decatur in Morgan County through the northern half of Lawrence County through Courtland, then into Colbert County and ended in Tuscumbia, Alabama where it connected to the Tuscumbia Railway Company.", "Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad __knowledge__ Construction began in mid-1832, the first segment between Tuscumbia and Leighton was completed in November of that year.", "Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad __knowledge__ Traffic between those two cities began at the day of completion.", "Tuscumbia, Courtland and Decatur Railroad __knowledge__ The second segment between Leighton and Decatur was completed in June 1834.", "Franklin–Nashville Campaign __knowledge__ The Franklin–Nashville Campaign, also known as Hood's Tennessee Campaign, was a series of battles in the Western Theater, conducted from September 18 to December 27, 1864, in Alabama, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia during the American Civil War.", "Franklin–Nashville Campaign __knowledge__ The Confederate Army of Tennessee under Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood drove north from Atlanta, threatening Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's lines of communications and central Tennessee.", "Franklin–Nashville Campaign __knowledge__ After a brief attempt to pursue Hood, Sherman returned to Atlanta and began his March to the Sea, leaving Union forces under Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas to deal with Hood's threat.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Mobile ( ; ) is the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ The population within the city limits was 195,111 as of the 2010 United States Census, making it the third most populous city in Alabama, the most populous in Mobile County, and the largest municipality on the Gulf Coast between New Orleans, Louisiana, and St. Petersburg, Florida.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's only saltwater port, Mobile is located on the Mobile River at the head of the Mobile Bay and the north-central Gulf Coast.", "Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ The Port of Mobile has always played a key role in the economic health of the city, beginning with the settlement as an important trading center between the French colonists and Native Americans, down to its current role as the 12th-largest port in the United States.", "Louisiana (New France) __knowledge__ Louisiana () or French Louisiana was an administrative district of New France.", "Louisiana (New France) __knowledge__ Under French control 1682 to 1762 and 1802 (nominally) to 1803, the area was named in honor of King Louis XIV, by French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle.", "Louisiana (New France) __knowledge__ It originally covered an expansive territory that included most of the drainage basin of the Mississippi River and stretched from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains.", "Louisiana (New France) __knowledge__ Louisiana was divided into two regions, known as \"Upper Louisiana\" (French: \"la Haute-Louisiane\"), which began north of the Arkansas River, and \"Lower Louisiana\" (French: \"la Basse-Louisiane\").", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ It is the 31st in size and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana's capital is Baton Rouge and its largest city is New Orleans.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ It is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are the local government's equivalent to counties.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ The largest parish by population is East Baton Rouge Parish, and the largest by total area is Plaquemines.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Much of the state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River, leaving enormous deltas and vast areas of coastal marsh and swamp.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Mardi Gras is the annual Carnival celebration in Mobile, Alabama.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ It is the oldest annual Carnival celebration in the United States, started by Frenchman Nicholas Langlois in 1703 when Mobile was the capital of Louisiana.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ This was fifteen years before New Orleans was founded, although today their celebrations are much more widely known for all the current traditions such as masked balls, parades, floats and throws were first created there.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ From Mobile being the first capital of French Louisiana (1702), the festival began as a French Catholic tradition.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Mardi Gras in Mobile has now evolved into a mainstream multi-week celebration across the spectrum of cultures in Mobile, becoming school holidays for the final Monday and Tuesday (some include Wednesday), regardless of religious affiliation.", "Fort Maurepas __knowledge__ Fort Maurepas, later known as Old Biloxi, was developed in colonial French Louisiana (New France) in April 1699 along the Gulf of Mexico.", "Fort Maurepas __knowledge__ (at present-day Ocean Springs, Mississippi).", "Fort Maurepas __knowledge__ Fort Maurepas was designated temporarily as the capital of Louisiana (New France) in 1719.", "Fort Maurepas __knowledge__ The capital was being moved from Mobile (in present-day Alabama) up the Mississippi River to New Orleans to protect it from hurricanes.", "Fort Maurepas __knowledge__ Government buildings in the latter city were still under construction.", "Fort Maurepas __knowledge__ The fort was completed on May 1, 1699 under direction of French explorer Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, who sailed for France on May 4.", "Fort King George __knowledge__ Fort King George State Historic Site is a fort located in the U.S. state of Georgia in McIntosh County, adjacent to Darien.", "Fort King George __knowledge__ The fort was built in 1721 along what is now known as the Darien River and served as the southernmost outpost of the British Empire in the Americas until 1727.", "Fort King George __knowledge__ The fort was constructed in what was then considered part of the colony of South Carolina, but was territory later settled as Georgia.", "Fort King George __knowledge__ It was part of a defensive line intended to encourage settlement along the colony's southern frontier, from the Savannah River to the Altamaha River.", "Fort King George __knowledge__ Great Britain, France, and Spain were competing to control the American Southeast, especially the Savannah-Altamaha River region." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Alabama __knowledge__ It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states.", "Alabama __knowledge__ With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\".", "Alabama __knowledge__ The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Alabama's capital is Montgomery.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville.", "Alabama __knowledge__ The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana.", "Alabama __knowledge__ From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "Alabama __knowledge__ Similar to other former slave states, Alabaman legislators employed Jim Crow laws to disenfranchise and otherwise discriminate against African Americans from the end of the Reconstruction Era up until at least the 1970s.", "Think tank __knowledge__ A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organisation that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Most policy institutes are non-profit organisations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or corporations, and derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects.", "Think tank __knowledge__ The following article lists global policy institutes according to continental categories, and then sub-categories by country within those areas.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ Prospect is a monthly British general interest magazine, specialising in politics, economics and current affairs.", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ Topics include British, European, and US politics, social issues, art, literature, cinema, science, the media, history, philosophy, and psychology.", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ It features a mixture of lengthy analytic articles, first-person reportage, one-page columns, and shorter, quirky items.", "Prospect (magazine) __knowledge__ Notable features of the magazine include head-to-head debates between two writers with opposing views on a subject; roundtable discussions, in which a series of experts with varying views on a given topic meet for a discussion, an edited transcript of which is published in the magazine; and interviews with major political and cultural figures (recent examples include Orhan Pamuk, Paul Wolfowitz, and Hilary Mantel).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Think Global __knowledge__ Think Global was an electric car company located in Oslo, Norway, which manufactured cars under the \"TH!NK\" brand.", "Think Global __knowledge__ Production of the Th!nk City was stopped in March 2011 and the company filed for bankruptcy on June 22, 2011, for the fourth time in 20 years.", "Think Global __knowledge__ The company was bought soon after by Electric Mobility Solutions AS and production ceased in August 2012 with no more announcements regarding future production.", "Think Global __knowledge__ , a total of 2,500 units had been manufactured at Oslo-based TH!NK’s production facility.", "Think Global __knowledge__ The company was founded in January 1991 in Oslo, as Pivco (for Personal Independent Vehicle Company).", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "Montgomery, Alabama __knowledge__ Montgomery is a major city and the capital of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County.", "Montgomery, Alabama __knowledge__ Named for Richard Montgomery, it is located on the Alabama River, in the Gulf Coastal Plain.", "Montgomery, Alabama __knowledge__ As of the 2013 Census, Montgomery has a population of 201,332.", "Montgomery, Alabama __knowledge__ It is the second-largest city in Alabama, after Birmingham, and is the 115th largest in the United States.", "Montgomery, Alabama __knowledge__ The Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area had a 2010 estimated population of 374,536.", "Montgomery, Alabama __knowledge__ It is the fourth-largest in the state and 136th among United States metropolitan areas.", "Montgomery, Alabama __knowledge__ The city was incorporated in 1819 as a merger of two towns situated along the Alabama River.", "Franklin McMahon __knowledge__ (William) Franklin McMahon (September 9, 1921 – March 3, 2012) was an artist-reporter whose work took him around the world for more than half a century.", "Franklin McMahon __knowledge__ His seminal work at the birth of the civil rights movement, his coverage of U.S. presidential campaigns between 1960 and 2008, America's role in the space race, the formation of the European council, Vatican II, and scores of other political, cultural, religious and sporting events; all were part of a Franklin McMahon \"day at the office\" for the last 55+ years...except that for him, his office was his studio, which is the world.", "Franklin McMahon __knowledge__ In the words of Peter Lyle of \"The Sunday Telegraph\" of London: His artistic output also included films and books.", "Walter McMillian __knowledge__ Walter McMillian (\"Johnny D.\"; October 27, 1941 - September 11, 2013) was an African-American pulpwood worker from Monroeville, Alabama, who was exonerated by the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals in \"Walter McMillian v. State\" (1993) with defense attorneys Bryan Stevenson, Michael O'Connor, and Bernard E. Harcourt.", "Walter McMillian __knowledge__ From 1990 to 1993, the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals had turned down four appeals.", "Walter McMillian __knowledge__ On March 3, 1993 all five judges concurred on the reversal of his conviction.", "Walter McMillian __knowledge__ The Court of Criminal Appeals reversed the lower court decision and ruled that he had been wrongfully convicted.", "Walter McMillian __knowledge__ His conviction for capital murder was wrongfully obtained, based on police coercion by Sheriff Tom Tate and others and perjury by witnesses.", "Edmund Pettus Bridge __knowledge__ The Edmund Pettus Bridge carries U.S. Route 80 Business (US 80 Bus.)", "Edmund Pettus Bridge __knowledge__ across the Alabama River in Selma, Alabama.", "Edmund Pettus Bridge __knowledge__ Built in 1940, it is named after Edmund Winston Pettus, a former Confederate brigadier general, U.S.", "Edmund Pettus Bridge __knowledge__ Senator from Alabama, and Grand Dragon of the Alabama Ku Klux Klan.", "Edmund Pettus Bridge __knowledge__ The bridge is a steel through arch bridge with a central span of .", "Edmund Pettus Bridge __knowledge__ There are nine large concrete arches supporting the bridge and roadway on the east side.", "Edmund Pettus Bridge __knowledge__ The Edmund Pettus Bridge was the site of the conflict of Bloody Sunday on March 7, 1965, when armed police attacked Civil Rights Movement demonstrators with billy clubs and tear gas as they were attempting to march to the state capital Montgomery.", "Sweet Home Alabama __knowledge__ \"Sweet Home Alabama\" is a song by Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd that first appeared in 1974 on their second album, \"Second Helping\".", "Sweet Home Alabama __knowledge__ It reached number 8 on the US chart in 1974 and was the band's second hit single.", "Sweet Home Alabama __knowledge__ The song was written in reply to \"Southern Man\" and \"Alabama\" by Neil Young; Young is name-checked in the song's lyrics.", "Sweet Home Alabama __knowledge__ At a band practice shortly after bassist Ed King had switched to guitar, he heard fellow guitarist Gary Rossington playing a guitar riff that inspired him (in fact, this riff is still heard in the final version of the song and is played during the verses as a counterpoint to the main DCG chord progression).", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Lucy Maud Montgomery, (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published as L.M.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery, was a Canadian author best known for a series of novels beginning in 1908 with \"Anne of Green Gables\".", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The book was an immediate success.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The central character, Anne Shirley, an orphaned girl, made Montgomery famous in her lifetime and gave her an international following.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ The first novel was followed by a series of sequels with Anne as the central character.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Montgomery went on to publish 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, and 30 essays.", "Lucy Maud Montgomery __knowledge__ Most of the novels were set in Prince Edward Island, and locations within Canada's smallest province became a literary landmark and popular tourist site – namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Prince Edward Island National Park." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 10, 8, 5 ]

[ "I dont blame you. Alabama is located in the southeast so it can be lacking in things to do.", "True. But at least Alabama has Tennessee to the north, Florida to the south, and Georgia to the east.", "Not much really. Alabama's oldest city is Mobile. It was founded by French colonists back in 1702. It was the French Louisiana capital.", "Oh cool. I wonder is that is by the Alabama capital Montgomery?", "Nice. Alabama is often called the \"Yellowhammer State\". It gets that name from their state bird the yellowhammer. Seems really random." ]

[ "Alabama", "Alabama", "Alabama", "Alabama", "Alabama" ]

[ "Animal shelter\nI started volunteering at the local animal shelter to pass time.", "It was very rewarding to be at the animal shelter. Do you have any inside information?", "Yea that is a tough position to take. Some animal shelters just can not handle it all.", "You know, I never once thought where the word \"pound\" came from in animal pound. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ The Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-Angell Animal Medical Center (MSPCA-Angell) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization with its main headquarters on South Huntington Avenue in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ It was founded in 1868, and is the second-oldest humane society in the United States.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ \"MSPCA-Angell\" was adopted as the society's identity in 2003, and indicates the names of its two closely related predecessor organizations: Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Angell Animal Medical Center (formerly known as Angell Memorial Animal Hospital).", "Carla Cappalli __knowledge__ Carla Cappalli was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico.", "Carla Cappalli __knowledge__ She is the daughter of the late fashion designer and artist Mili Arango and Richard Cappalli, the retired law professor and author.", "Carla Cappalli __knowledge__ Cappalli was a professional model most of her life and studied acting and photography at Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Rome, Italy.", "Carla Cappalli __knowledge__ From 1998 through 2003 she worked as Executive Director and later as Public Relations Consultant for the Humane Society of Puerto Rico.", "Carla Cappalli __knowledge__ There she promoted the proper care of pets and also their adoption and spay/neutering.", "Carla Cappalli __knowledge__ In 2003 Cappalli founded and presided over the Puerto Rico branch of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ Lisa Mary Moretti (born November 26, 1960) is an American retired professional wrestler.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ She is best known for her time with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE, previously the World Wrestling Federation) between 1999 and 2005 under the ring name Ivory.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ Moretti began her career and first found national exposure in the independent promotion Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling (GLOW), where she performed as Tina Ferrari from the mid-to-late-1980s.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ Moretti debuted in the World Wrestling Federation in 1999 as the manager for D'Lo Brown & Mark Henry.", "Ivory (wrestler) __knowledge__ She won the WWE Women's Championship twice, before becoming a part of the villainous Right to Censor, a storyline stable of characters with harshly conservative sociopolitical views.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ Richmond Animal Protection Society (RAPS) is a no kill animal services agency in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada, which has Canada's largest cat sanctuary.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ In 1989, Carol Reichert founded the Richmond Animal Protection Society (then Richmond Homeless Cats), the first organization in the Richmond area helping feral cats.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ At the time, feral cats were quickly killed upon entering local animal control pounds, which Reichert was horrified to learn.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ Volunteers started to do trap-neuter-return of feral cats, including fostering and taming feral kittens, and fostering tame cats for adoption.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ There were soon 43 feeding stations for feral cats tended each day in Richmond and south Vancouver." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ The Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-Angell Animal Medical Center (MSPCA-Angell) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization with its main headquarters on South Huntington Avenue in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ It was founded in 1868, and is the second-oldest humane society in the United States.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ \"MSPCA-Angell\" was adopted as the society's identity in 2003, and indicates the names of its two closely related predecessor organizations: Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Angell Animal Medical Center (formerly known as Angell Memorial Animal Hospital).", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ Richmond Animal Protection Society (RAPS) is a no kill animal services agency in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada, which has Canada's largest cat sanctuary.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ In 1989, Carol Reichert founded the Richmond Animal Protection Society (then Richmond Homeless Cats), the first organization in the Richmond area helping feral cats.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ At the time, feral cats were quickly killed upon entering local animal control pounds, which Reichert was horrified to learn.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ Volunteers started to do trap-neuter-return of feral cats, including fostering and taming feral kittens, and fostering tame cats for adoption.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ There were soon 43 feeding stations for feral cats tended each day in Richmond and south Vancouver.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty (Nova Scotia SPCA) is a not-for-profit charitable society organized under the \"Animal Protection Act\" of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Society is dedicated to the prevention of cruelty to animals and to the promotion of respect and humane care for animals.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ Its members are committed to providing humane leadership in animal advocacy, protection, education, and veterinary care.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is involved solely with the prevention of cruelty to animals and the promotion of humane education.", "SEC Rule 10b5-1 __knowledge__ SEC Rule 10b5-1, codified at , is a regulation enacted by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 2000.", "SEC Rule 10b5-1 __knowledge__ The SEC states that Rule 10b5-1 was enacted in order to resolve an unsettled issue over the definition of insider trading, which is prohibited by SEC Rule 10b-5.", "SEC Rule 10b5-1 __knowledge__ Different courts of appeals had come to different conclusions about what constituted insider trading under Rule 10b-5 — specifically, whether someone could be held liable for insider trading simply by trading while in possession of inside information, or whether a trier of fact must find that the person actually used that inside information when making the trade.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Animal Shelter () is a no-kill animal shelter, a spay/neuter clinic, and a public animal hospital located near Tabriz, Iran.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ It is affiliated with \"Tabriz Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals\" which is a volunteer nonprofit organization based in Tabriz, devoted to pet adoption and animal rescue.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter was founded by Jila Pourirani in 2012, after a massive cull that nearly 400 dogs were shot dead in Tabriz.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter has a clinic, 11 shelters, three niches and shaded areas.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ 1300 animals of different kinds including dogs, cats, foxes, horses and birds such as eagle, owl and vultures are being treated and sheltered in this center.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ After the Civil War people’s concerns were raised regarding animal abuse and cruelty.", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ In the late 19th century organizations throughout the United States began to arise in the effort to protect animals.", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ In Richmond, VA, Nellie Palmer married W. Ben Palmer, a Confederate Civil War soldier in the 43rd Battalion, Virginia Cavalry (\"Richmond SPCA: Lifesaving Legacy.\").", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ This group was known for their “\"deep devotion to their horses,\"” leading her husband to be an activist against animal abuse as well.", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ Nellie Palmer was very passionate about animals and wanted to establish an SPCAin her own community." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Overpopulation in domestic pets refers to a surplus of domestic animals, such as cats, dogs, and exotic animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ In the United States, a 6 to 8 million animals are brought to shelters each year, of which an estimated 3 to 4 million are subsequently euthanized, including 2.7 million considered healthy and adoptable.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Euthanasia numbers have declined from the 1970s, when U.S. shelters euthanized an estimated 12 to 20 million animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Most humane societies, animal shelters and rescue groups urge animal caregivers to have their animals spayed or neutered to prevent the births of unwanted and accidental litters that could contribute to this dynamic.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "National Animal Interest Alliance __knowledge__ The National Animal Interest Alliance (NAIA) is a non-profit organization in the United States dedicated to promoting animal welfare and animal husbandry practices, strengthening the human-animal bond, and safeguarding the rights of responsible animal owners and professionals through research, public education and public policy.", "National Animal Interest Alliance __knowledge__ The NAIA mission is \"to promote the welfare of animals.\"", "National Animal Interest Alliance __knowledge__ The organization's focus is clarifying the difference between animal welfare, the promotion of responsible and humane animal use and human-animal interaction and companionship, and animal rights; the ideology that seeks to end most human uses of animals.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Homeless shelters are a type of homeless service agency which provide temporary residence for homeless individuals and families.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Shelters exist to provide clients with safety and protection from exposure to the weather while simultaneously reducing the environmental impact on the community.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ They are similar to, but distinguishable from, various types of emergency shelters, which are typically operated for specific circumstances and populations - fleeing natural disasters or abusive social circumstances.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Extreme weather conditions create problems similar to disaster management scenarios, and are handled with warming centers, which typically operate for short durations during adverse weather.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ Animal Care Centers of NYC (ACC), formerly known as Animal Care & Control of NYC, is a not-for-profit corporation that was formed for the purpose of providing animal care and control services in New York City.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ ACC was created in 1994 to assume the responsibilities of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), after the ASPCA decided not to renew its contract to run New York City’s animal shelter system.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ ACC entered into its own contract with the New York City Department of Health (DOH), and on January 1, 1995, followed the ASPCA as New York City’s provider of animal care and control services." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Ezra Pound __knowledge__ Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (30 October 1885 – 1 November 1972) was an expatriate American poet and critic, as well as a major figure in the early modernist movement.", "Ezra Pound __knowledge__ His contribution to poetry began with his development of Imagism, a movement derived from classical Chinese and Japanese poetry, stressing clarity, precision and economy of language.", "Ezra Pound __knowledge__ His works include \"Ripostes\" (1912), \"Hugh Selwyn Mauberley\" (1920) and the unfinished 120-section epic, \"The Cantos\" (1917–1969).", "Ezra Pound __knowledge__ Pound worked in London during the early 20th century as foreign editor of several American literary magazines, and helped discover and shape the work of contemporaries such as T. S. Eliot, James Joyce, Robert Frost and Ernest Hemingway.", "The Cantos __knowledge__ The Cantos by Ezra Pound is a long, incomplete poem in 116 sections, each of which is a \"canto\".", "The Cantos __knowledge__ Most of it was written between 1915 and 1962, although much of the early work was abandoned and the early cantos, as finally published, date from 1922 onwards.", "The Cantos __knowledge__ It is a book-length work, widely considered to be an intense and challenging read.", "The Cantos __knowledge__ \"The Cantos\" is generally considered one of the most significant works of modernist poetry in the 20th century.", "The Cantos __knowledge__ As in Pound's prose writing, the themes of economics, governance and culture are integral to the work's content.", "The Cantos __knowledge__ The most striking feature of the text, to a casual browser, is the inclusion of Chinese characters as well as quotations in European languages other than English.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Animal pound __knowledge__ An animal pound is a place where stray livestock were impounded.", "Animal pound __knowledge__ Animals were kept in a dedicated enclosure, until claimed by their owners, or sold to cover the costs of impounding.", "Animal pound __knowledge__ The terms \"pinfold\" and \"pound\" are Saxon in origin.", "Animal pound __knowledge__ \"Pundfald\" and \"pund\" both mean an enclosure.", "Animal pound __knowledge__ There appears to be no difference between a pinfold and a village pound.", "Animal pound __knowledge__ The term \"pinfold\" seems to be more popular in the north and east of England, whilst in the south and west the term \"pound\" is more popular.", "Animal pound __knowledge__ The village pound was a feature of most English medieval villages, and they were also found in the English colonies of North America and in Ireland.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "Pound sterling __knowledge__ The pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonly known as the pound, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the British Antarctic Territory, and Tristan da Cunha.", "Pound sterling __knowledge__ It is subdivided into 100 \"pence\" (singular: \"penny\", abbreviated: \"p\").", "Pound sterling __knowledge__ A number of nations that do not use sterling also have currencies called the \"pound\".", "Pound sterling __knowledge__ At various times, the pound sterling was commodity money or bank notes backed by silver or gold, but it is currently fiat money, backed only by the economy in the areas where it is accepted.", "Environmental impact of meat production __knowledge__ The environmental impact of meat production varies because of the wide variety of agricultural practices employed around the world.", "Environmental impact of meat production __knowledge__ All agricultural practices have been found to have a variety of effects on the environment.", "Environmental impact of meat production __knowledge__ Some of the environmental effects that have been associated with meat production are pollution through fossil fuel usage, animal methane, effluent waste, and water and land consumption.", "Environmental impact of meat production __knowledge__ Meat is obtained through a variety of methods, including organic farming, free range farming, intensive livestock production, subsistence agriculture, hunting, and fishing.", "Environmental impact of meat production __knowledge__ The 2006 report \"Livestock's Long Shadow\", released by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, states that \"the livestock sector is a major stressor on many ecosystems and on the planet as a whole.", "Environmental vegetarianism __knowledge__ Environmental vegetarianism is the practice of vegetarianism or eating a plant-based diet based on the indications that animal-based industries are environmentally destructive or unsustainable.", "Environmental vegetarianism __knowledge__ The primary environmental concerns with animal products are pollution—including greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)—deforestation, and the use of resources such as fossil fuels, water, and land.", "Environmental vegetarianism __knowledge__ Four-fifths of agricultural emissions arise from the livestock sector.", "Environmental vegetarianism __knowledge__ Estimates on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions attributable to animal products range from 18% to 51% of total global emissions.", "Environmental vegetarianism __knowledge__ However, a PNAS model showed that even if animals were completely removed from U.S. agriculture and diets, U.S. GHG emissions would be decreased by 2.6% only (or 28% of agricultural GHG emissions).", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Chiapas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas (), is one of the 31 states that with Mexico City make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is divided into 124 municipalities as of September 2017 and its capital city is Tuxtla Gutiérrez.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Other important population centers in Chiapas include Ocosingo, Tapachula, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Comitán and Arriaga.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is the southernmost state, bordered by the states of Oaxaca to the west, Veracruz to the northwest and Tabasco to the north, and by the Petén, Quiché, Huehuetenango and San Marcos departments of Guatemala to the east and southeast." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 9 ]

[ "I did that as a kid, An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, or lost animals are kept.", "While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals. I dont know if a agree with this practice.", "The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities. The would keep livestock in them back then though.", "One of the earliest laws to protect animals was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986" ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter" ]

[ "Beauty salon\nI spend a ton of time on my hair and makeup.", "I usually go once a week.", "No, I also get my nails done there.", "I usually get my own nails done, unless its the holidays. Then I get fake nails." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A beauty salon or beauty parlor (beauty parlour), or sometimes beauty shop, is an establishment dealing with cosmetic treatments for men and women.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other variations of this type of business include hair salons and spas.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ There is a distinction between a beauty salon and a hair salon and although many small businesses do offer both sets of treatments; beauty salons provide extended services related to skin health, facial aesthetic, foot care, nail manicures, aromatherapy, — even meditation, oxygen therapy, mud baths, and many other services.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Massage for the body is a popular beauty treatment, with various techniques offering benefits to the skin (including the application of beauty products) and for increasing mental well-being.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Hair removal is offered at some beauty salons through treatments such as waxing and threading.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Some beauty salons style hair instead of going to a separate hair salon, and some also offer sun tanning.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other treatments of the face are known as facials.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Specialized beauty salons known as nail salons offer treatments such as manicures and pedicures for the nails.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A manicure is a treatment for the hands, incorporating the fingernails and cuticles and often involving the application of nail polish, while a pedicure involves treatment of the feet, incorporating the toenails and the softening or removal of calluses.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ This list of characters from the \"Assassin's Creed\" franchise contains only characters that are considered part of \"Assassin's Creed\" canon.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ Some of them are completely fictional and some are partially based on real-world historical figures.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ Desmond Miles (March 13, 1987–December 21, 2012), a member of the Assassin Order in the 21st century and a descendant of numerous familial lines that had sworn an allegiance to the Assassins; including individuals such as Aquilus, Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, Ezio Auditore de Firenze, Edward Kenway and Connor/Ratonhnhaké:ton.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ He ended his own life for the sake of the planet in 2012.", "New Zealand Company ships __knowledge__ The New Zealand Company was a 19th-century English company that played a key role in the colonisation of New Zealand.", "New Zealand Company ships __knowledge__ The company was formed to carry out the principles of systematic colonisation devised by Edward Gibbon Wakefield, who envisaged the creation of a new-model English society in the southern hemisphere.", "New Zealand Company ships __knowledge__ Under Wakefield’s model, the colony would attract capitalists who would then have a ready supply of labour—migrant labourers who could not initially afford to be property owners, but who would have the expectation of one day buying land with their savings.", "New Zealand Company ships __knowledge__ The New Zealand Company established settlements at Wellington, Nelson, Wanganui and Dunedin and also became involved in the settling of New Plymouth and Christchurch.", "Ton __knowledge__ The ton is a unit of measure.", "Ton __knowledge__ It has a long history and has acquired a number of meanings and uses over the years.", "Ton __knowledge__ It is used principally as a unit of mass.", "Ton __knowledge__ Its original use as a measurement of volume has continued in the capacity of cargo ships and in terms such as the freight ton.", "Ton __knowledge__ It can also be used as a measure of energy, for truck classification, or as a colloquial term.", "Ton __knowledge__ It is derived from the \"tun\", the term applied to a cask of the largest size.", "Ton __knowledge__ This could contain a volume between , which could weigh around and occupy some of space.", "Ton __knowledge__ The origin for the word ton comes from ancient Greek (\"thúnnos\", tuna fish).", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "1990s in fashion __knowledge__ For the majority of the decade, 1990s fashion in Europe, Oceania, Asia, and America was defined by a return to minimalist fashion contrasted to the more elaborate and flashy trends of the 1980s.", "1990s in fashion __knowledge__ One notable shift in the western world was the mainstream adoption of tattoos, body piercings aside from ear piercing and to a lesser extent, other forms of body modification such as branding.", "1990s in fashion __knowledge__ In the early 1990s, several late 1980s fashions remained very stylish among both sexes.", "1990s in fashion __knowledge__ However, the popularity of grunge and alternative rock music helped bring the simple, unkempt grunge look into the mainstream by 1992.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ The history of cosmetics spans at least 6000 years and is present in almost every society on Earth.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetic body art is argued to have been the earliest form of a ritual in human culture.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ The evidence for this comes in the form of utilised red mineral pigments (red ochre) including crayons associated with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence of cosmetics certainly dates from ancient Egypt and Greece.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ According to one source, early major developments include the use of castor oil in ancient Egypt as a protective balm and skin creams made of beeswax, olive oil, and rosewater described by the Romans.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.", "Hair __knowledge__ The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair.", "Hair __knowledge__ Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.", "Hair __knowledge__ Attitudes towards different hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A beauty salon or beauty parlor (beauty parlour), or sometimes beauty shop, is an establishment dealing with cosmetic treatments for men and women.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other variations of this type of business include hair salons and spas.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ There is a distinction between a beauty salon and a hair salon and although many small businesses do offer both sets of treatments; beauty salons provide extended services related to skin health, facial aesthetic, foot care, nail manicures, aromatherapy, — even meditation, oxygen therapy, mud baths, and many other services.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Massage for the body is a popular beauty treatment, with various techniques offering benefits to the skin (including the application of beauty products) and for increasing mental well-being.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Hair removal is offered at some beauty salons through treatments such as waxing and threading.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Some beauty salons style hair instead of going to a separate hair salon, and some also offer sun tanning.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other treatments of the face are known as facials.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Specialized beauty salons known as nail salons offer treatments such as manicures and pedicures for the nails.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A manicure is a treatment for the hands, incorporating the fingernails and cuticles and often involving the application of nail polish, while a pedicure involves treatment of the feet, incorporating the toenails and the softening or removal of calluses.", "Prom __knowledge__ In the United States, a promenade dance, most commonly called a prom, is a semi-formal (black tie) dance or gathering of high school students.", "Prom __knowledge__ This event is typically held near the end of the senior year (the last year of high school).", "Prom __knowledge__ Proms figure greatly in popular culture and are major events among high school students.", "Prom __knowledge__ High school juniors attending the prom may call it \"junior prom\" while high-school seniors may call it \"senior prom\".", "Prom __knowledge__ In practice, this event may be a combined junior/senior dance.", "Prom __knowledge__ At a prom, a Prom King and Prom Queen may be revealed.", "Prom __knowledge__ These are honorary titles awarded to students elected in a school-wide vote prior to the prom, and seniors are usually awarded these titles.", "Manipuri dance __knowledge__ Manipuri dance, also known as Jagoi, is one of the major Indian classical dance forms, named after the region of its origin – Manipur, a state in northeastern India bordering with Myanmar (Burma), Assam, Nagaland and Mizoram.", "Manipuri dance __knowledge__ It is particularly known for its Hindu Vaishnavism themes, and exquisite performances of love-inspired dance drama of Radha-Krishna called Raslila.", "Manipuri dance __knowledge__ However, the dance is also performed to themes related to Shaivism, Shaktism and regional deities such as Umang Lai during Lai Haraoba.", "Manipuri dance __knowledge__ The roots of Manipuri dance, as with all classical Indian dances, is the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text \"Natya Shastra\", but with influences from the culture fusion between India, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, Siberia, Micronesia and Polynesia.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Chinese checkers __knowledge__ Chinese checkers (US and Canadian spelling) or Chinese chequers (UK spelling) is a strategy board game of German origin (named \"Sternhalma\") which can be played by two, three, four, or six people, playing individually or with partners.", "Chinese checkers __knowledge__ The game is a modern and simplified variant of the American game Halma.", "Chinese checkers __knowledge__ The objective is to be first to race all of one's pieces across the hexagram-shaped board into \"home\"—the corner of the star opposite one's starting corner—using single-step moves or moves that over other pieces.", "Chinese checkers __knowledge__ The remaining players continue the game to establish second-, third-, fourth-, fifth-, and last-place finishers.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ Cherokee () is an Iroquoian language and the native language of the Cherokee people.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ There are approximately 12,000 Cherokee speakers out of more than 300,000 tribal members.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ It is the only Southern Iroquoian language and differs significantly from the other Iroquoian languages.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ Cherokee is a polysynthetic language and uses a unique syllabary writing system.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ The dialect of Cherokee in Oklahoma is \"definitely endangered\", and the one in North Carolina is \"severely endangered\" according to UNESCO.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ The Lower dialect, formerly spoken on the South Carolina–Georgia border, has been extinct since about 1900.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ The Wedding procedure starts with the groom's side sending elders (Shimagle) who then request a union between the parties.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ The elders discuss a dowry (ጧሎሽ) and verify that the intended bride and groom are not relatives by checking their lineage a minimum of seven generations.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ After a dowry is agreed upon and it has been determined that there is no relationship between the intended bride and groom, the wedding is announced and the families begin preparations for a church/mosque ceremony and a mels/melsi ceremony.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ On the wedding day the groom and groomsmen (ሚዜ) get ready at the groom's house early in the morning and proceed to the bride's parents house to begin the wedding ceremonies.", "Indianapolis 500 traditions __knowledge__ Due to the longevity of the Indianapolis 500, numerous traditions surrounding the race have developed over the years.", "Indianapolis 500 traditions __knowledge__ Traditions include procedures for the running of the race, scheduling, and pre-race and post-race festivities.", "Indianapolis 500 traditions __knowledge__ For many fans, these traditions are an important aspect of the race, and they have often reacted quite negatively when the traditions are changed or broken.", "Indianapolis 500 traditions __knowledge__ As part of the Memorial Day holiday weekend, the pre-race ceremonies of the Indianapolis 500 feature several patriotic songs.", "Indianapolis 500 traditions __knowledge__ The most noteworthy and most popular traditions are the annual singing of \"Back Home Again in Indiana,\" and the victory lane bottle of milk.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2011 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ New characters were introduced by Bryan Kirkwood, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ The first main character to be announced was Eddie Moon, the father of Michael Moon.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ Poppy Meadow was introduced in January 2011 as the best friend of Jodie Gold, and Rob Grayson joined the series in February, as did Shenice Quinn.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ashley Chubb was introduced in March as the father of established character Fatboy.", "List of EastEnders characters (2011) __knowledge__ In April, Janine Butcher's grandmother, Lydia Simmonds, and Tanya Branning and Rainie Cross's mother, Cora Cross, both joined the series and Martin was introduced as the new love interest for Jane Beale.", "List of EastEnders characters (2013) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2013 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2013) __knowledge__ New characters were introduced by Lorraine Newman, executive producer until December 2013, when Dominic Treadwell-Collins took over.", "List of EastEnders characters (2013) __knowledge__ The first character to be announced was Dexter Hartman, the teenage son of Ava Hartman.", "List of EastEnders characters (2013) __knowledge__ He was introduced in January.", "List of EastEnders characters (2013) __knowledge__ Steve Lowe, Bianca Butcher's probation officer and a love interest for Carol Jackson, arrived as a recurring character in February, and in March, Kane and his gang appeared for a storyline involving Liam Butcher.", "The Minor Adjustment Beauty Salon __knowledge__ The Minor Adjustment Beauty Salon is the fourteenth mystery novel by Alexander McCall Smith in The No.", "The Minor Adjustment Beauty Salon __knowledge__ 1 Ladies' Detective Agency series, first published in 2013.", "The Minor Adjustment Beauty Salon __knowledge__ The novel features the Motswana protagonist Precious Ramotswe and is set in Botswana.", "The Minor Adjustment Beauty Salon __knowledge__ Mma Ramotswe has two cases on hand, one to verify the identity of a boy as the heir to a large farm and the other to stop the smear campaign against the owner of the Minor Adjustment Beauty Salon, as it has stopped all customers from coming to her shop.", "The Minor Adjustment Beauty Salon __knowledge__ Grace Makutsi is pregnant, but does not bring up the fact until late in her pregnancy, nor does she ever bring up the plan for her maternity leave.", "List of EastEnders characters (2007) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2007, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2007) __knowledge__ A new family were introduced in this year, with Zainab Masood, Masood Ahmed, Shabnam Masood and Tamwar Masood creating the Masood clan.", "List of EastEnders characters (2007) __knowledge__ Heather Trott was introduced, and the Mitchell family was extended, with Ronnie Mitchell and Roxy Mitchell as a fiery new double act.", "List of EastEnders characters (2007) __knowledge__ August saw the arrival of Tanya Branning's drug-addicted sister Rainie Cross.", "List of EastEnders characters (2007) __knowledge__ Scott Maslen joined the soap opera as Jack Branning in October, and his nephew Oscar Branning was born in December.", "List of EastEnders characters (2007) __knowledge__ Detective Inspector Kelly, played by Ian Burfield, is a police detective at Walford Police Station.", "Little Manila __knowledge__ A Little Manila (also known as a Manilatown or Filipinotown) is a community with a large Filipino immigrant and descendant population.", "Little Manila __knowledge__ Little Manilas are enclaves of Overseas Filipinos consisting of people of Filipino origin living outside of the Philippines.", "Little Manila __knowledge__ This term applies to Filipinos who are both abroad indefinitely as citizens or permanent residents of a different country, and to those Filipino citizens abroad for a limited, definite period, such as on a work contract or as students.", "Little Manila __knowledge__ It can also include seamen and others who work outside the Philippines, but are neither permanent nor temporary residents of another country.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Kim Hyo-suk (Hangul: 김효숙; born 11 September 1981), better known by her stage name Cha Hong (Hangul: 차홍), is a South Korean celebrity hairdresser, and is the owner and founder of the Chahong Ardor beauty salon chain in South Korea.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Cha established her first hair salon back in August 2011, and currently owns a total of 3 salons and an academy.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Cha made her debut television appearance via SBS's Star King in February 2011, and now features frequently as guests on various South Korean television shows, such as Channel M's Get It Beauty and MBC's My Little Television.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Cha is renowned for the self-hair styling tips that she shares during her television appearances, and has since widened her media exposure through channels such as radio shows, blogs, social media websites and home shopping networks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A beauty salon or beauty parlor (beauty parlour), or sometimes beauty shop, is an establishment dealing with cosmetic treatments for men and women.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other variations of this type of business include hair salons and spas.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ There is a distinction between a beauty salon and a hair salon and although many small businesses do offer both sets of treatments; beauty salons provide extended services related to skin health, facial aesthetic, foot care, nail manicures, aromatherapy, — even meditation, oxygen therapy, mud baths, and many other services.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Massage for the body is a popular beauty treatment, with various techniques offering benefits to the skin (including the application of beauty products) and for increasing mental well-being.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Hair removal is offered at some beauty salons through treatments such as waxing and threading.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Some beauty salons style hair instead of going to a separate hair salon, and some also offer sun tanning.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other treatments of the face are known as facials.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Specialized beauty salons known as nail salons offer treatments such as manicures and pedicures for the nails.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A manicure is a treatment for the hands, incorporating the fingernails and cuticles and often involving the application of nail polish, while a pedicure involves treatment of the feet, incorporating the toenails and the softening or removal of calluses.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails, also known as fake nails, false nails, fashion nails, nail enhancements, nail wraps, or nail extensions, are coverings placed over fingernails as fashion accessories.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Some artificial nails attempt to mimic the appearance of real fingernails as closely as possible, while other designs may deliberately stray in appearance from real fingernails.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails are made from a wide variety of materials.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Unlike most manicures, artificial nails require constant upkeep, and is recommended that you get a \"fill\" every 2 weeks.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ \"Whistle (While You Work It)\" is a song by British recording artist Katy Tiz.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ It was written by Tiz, Kinetics & One Love, and songwriter Emily Warren for Tiz's debut studio album.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ It was released onto iTunes on 10 February 2015.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ A Simlish (The language in most of \"The Sims\" games) version of the song was recorded and included in an expansion pack for \"The Sims 4\", titled \"\".", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ The song is also featured in a commercial for the online retailer ShoeDazzle and the Philips Sonicare electric toothbrush.", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ The song was also featured in an episode of the Netflix original series \"Girlboss\".", "Whistle (While You Work It) __knowledge__ Tiz said in an interview that she wrote the song about a darker period in her life where she felt like nothing was going her way, but her brother was there to tell her to chin up, keep moving, and never give up.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The band released two influential albums during the 1990s—\"The Downward Spiral\" (1994) and \"The Fragile\" (1999)—and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Despite its success, the band has had several feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The first was its notable conflict with TVT Records regarding the band's first album, \"Pretty Hate Machine\", which led Reznor to record his follow-up album in secrecy to avoid the label's influence.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, an industrial rock band fronted by Trent Reznor, did various live performances throughout the world, including tours in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and Asia.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ While Reznor controls the creative and musical direction of Nine Inch Nails in-studio, the touring band performs different arrangements of the songs in live settings.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ In addition to regular concerts, the band has performed in both supporting and headlining roles at festivals such as Woodstock '94, Lollapalooza 1991 and 2008, as well as many other one-off performances including the MTV Video Music Awards.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Hooked: Muscle Women was a 2008 MSNBC documentary focused on professional female bodybuilding.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ The primary focuses of the documentary is on two International Federation of BodyBuilders (IFBB) pro bodybuilders, Colette Nelson and Kristy Hawkins and their competing in the 2008 Ms. International.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ The documentary also features Teresita Morales a World Natural Bodybuilding Federation (WNBF) pro natural female bodybuilder who competes in the 2008 World Championships.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Kristy Hawkins, of Pasadena, California, is a 27-year-old professional female bodybuilder.", "Hooked: Muscle Women __knowledge__ Since she was 17 years old, she had competed as an amateur bodybuilder.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ In woodworking and construction, a nail is a pin-shaped object of metal (or wood, called a treenail or \"trunnel\") which is used as a fastener, as a peg to hang something, or sometimes as a decoration.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Generally, nails have a sharp point on one end and a flattened head on the other, but headless nails are available.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Nails are made in a great variety of forms for specialized purposes.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ The most common is a \"wire nail\".", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Other types of nails include \"pins\", \"tacks\", \"brads\", \"spikes\", and \"cleats.\"", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Nails are typically driven into the workpiece by a hammer, a pneumatic nail gun, or a small explosive charge or primer.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Kim Hyo-suk (Hangul: 김효숙; born 11 September 1981), better known by her stage name Cha Hong (Hangul: 차홍), is a South Korean celebrity hairdresser, and is the owner and founder of the Chahong Ardor beauty salon chain in South Korea.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Cha established her first hair salon back in August 2011, and currently owns a total of 3 salons and an academy.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Cha made her debut television appearance via SBS's Star King in February 2011, and now features frequently as guests on various South Korean television shows, such as Channel M's Get It Beauty and MBC's My Little Television.", "Cha Hong __knowledge__ Cha is renowned for the self-hair styling tips that she shares during her television appearances, and has since widened her media exposure through channels such as radio shows, blogs, social media websites and home shopping networks.", "Brazilian hair straightening __knowledge__ Brazilian hair straightening (also called Breezilian straightening, Brazilian Keratin Treatment, BKT, Brazilian Blowout, Escova Progressiva, Keratin Cure) are a semi-permanent hair straightening method done by temporarily sealing a liquid keratin and a preservative solution into the hair with a hair iron.", "Brazilian hair straightening __knowledge__ Some versions of these treatments with an excessive amount of formaldehyde have been banned in several countries including Canada and the European Union.", "Brazilian hair straightening __knowledge__ It is performed in the United States, though there are regulations and have been controversies regarding the treatment.", "Brazilian hair straightening __knowledge__ Brazilian hair straightening treatments eliminate frizz, straighten the hair and last about three months.", "Hair Cuttery __knowledge__ Hair Cuttery is a United States-based unisex hair salon, founded by Dennis and Ann Ratner in 1974.", "Hair Cuttery __knowledge__ The first salon opened in West Springfield, Virginia, and the enterprise has since expanded to become the largest privately held salon chain in the United States, with locations up and down the East Coast, the Chicago metropolitan area, Florida, and New England.", "Hair Cuttery __knowledge__ One of the founders, Ann Ratner, was originally from Great Britain.", "Hair Cuttery __knowledge__ Privately held Ratner Companies operates Hair Cuttery, BUBBLES, Salon Cielo and Spa, ColorWrks, and Salon Plaza.", "Hair Cuttery __knowledge__ With nearly 1,000 salons, Ratner Companies supports more than 14,000 stylists across 14 states.", "Exte __knowledge__ The plot involves an aspiring hair dresser (Kuriyama) who becomes the infatuation of a tricophilic man who sells hair extensions to nearby hair salons.", "Exte __knowledge__ The source of the hair is the stolen corpse of a girl whose dead body continues to grow beautiful and voluminous black hair that comes alive, driving those who use the extensions insane or killing them.", "Exte __knowledge__ The movie was released in the U.S. as \"Exte: Hair Extensions\".", "Exte __knowledge__ In a shipping container, customs agents discover a huge amount of human hair used as materials for hair extensions, along with the dead body of a young girl with a shaved head.", "Exte __knowledge__ The corpse is transported to the morgue, where the results of the autopsy determine that the girl's internal organs have been harvested, the victim of a black market human organ racketeering ring.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Martha Matilda Harper __knowledge__ Martha Matilda Harper (September 10, 1857, Oakville, Ontario – August 3, 1950, Rochester, New York) was a Canadian-American businesswoman, entrepreneur, and inventor who built an international network of franchised hair salons that emphasized healthy hair care.", "Martha Matilda Harper __knowledge__ Born in Canada, Harper was sent away by her father when she was seven to work as a domestic servant.", "Martha Matilda Harper __knowledge__ She worked in that profession for 25 years before she saved enough money to start working full-time producing a hair tonic she invented.", "Martha Matilda Harper __knowledge__ The product, and the creation of special hair salons that utilized it, was successful.", "Martha Matilda Harper __knowledge__ Harper began franchising the salon model to low-income women, and by its peak the company included more than 500 franchises and an entire line of hair care products.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ A hairstyle, hairdo, or haircut refers to the styling of hair, usually on the human scalp.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ Sometimes, this could also mean an editing of facial or body hair.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ The fashioning of hair can be considered an aspect of personal grooming, fashion, and cosmetics, although practical, cultural, and popular considerations also influence some hairstyles.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ The oldest known depiction of hair braiding dates back about 30,000 years.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ In ancient civilizations, women's hair was often elaborately and carefully dressed in special ways.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ In Imperial Rome, women wore their hair in complicated styles.", "Hairstyle __knowledge__ From the time of the Roman Empire until the Middle Ages, most women grew their hair as long as it would naturally grow." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A beauty salon or beauty parlor (beauty parlour), or sometimes beauty shop, is an establishment dealing with cosmetic treatments for men and women.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other variations of this type of business include hair salons and spas.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ There is a distinction between a beauty salon and a hair salon and although many small businesses do offer both sets of treatments; beauty salons provide extended services related to skin health, facial aesthetic, foot care, nail manicures, aromatherapy, — even meditation, oxygen therapy, mud baths, and many other services.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Massage for the body is a popular beauty treatment, with various techniques offering benefits to the skin (including the application of beauty products) and for increasing mental well-being.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Hair removal is offered at some beauty salons through treatments such as waxing and threading.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Some beauty salons style hair instead of going to a separate hair salon, and some also offer sun tanning.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Other treatments of the face are known as facials.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ Specialized beauty salons known as nail salons offer treatments such as manicures and pedicures for the nails.", "Beauty salon __knowledge__ A manicure is a treatment for the hands, incorporating the fingernails and cuticles and often involving the application of nail polish, while a pedicure involves treatment of the feet, incorporating the toenails and the softening or removal of calluses.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails, also known as fake nails, false nails, fashion nails, nail enhancements, nail wraps, or nail extensions, are coverings placed over fingernails as fashion accessories.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Some artificial nails attempt to mimic the appearance of real fingernails as closely as possible, while other designs may deliberately stray in appearance from real fingernails.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Artificial nails are made from a wide variety of materials.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ Unlike most manicures, artificial nails require constant upkeep, and is recommended that you get a \"fill\" every 2 weeks.", "Artificial nails __knowledge__ The artificial nails are not a replacement, but an extension for natural nails.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The band released two influential albums during the 1990s—\"The Downward Spiral\" (1994) and \"The Fragile\" (1999)—and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Despite its success, the band has had several feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The first was its notable conflict with TVT Records regarding the band's first album, \"Pretty Hate Machine\", which led Reznor to record his follow-up album in secrecy to avoid the label's influence.", "Trent Reznor __knowledge__ Michael Trent Reznor (born May 17, 1965) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, and film score composer best known as the founder and principal songwriter of industrial rock project Nine Inch Nails.", "Trent Reznor __knowledge__ His first release under this pseudonym, the 1989 album \"Pretty Hate Machine\", was a commercial and critical success.", "Trent Reznor __knowledge__ He has since released eight studio albums.", "Trent Reznor __knowledge__ He left Interscope Records in 2007 and was an independent recording artist until signing with Columbia Records in 2012.", "Trent Reznor __knowledge__ Reznor was associated with the bands Option 30, The Urge, The Innocent, and Exotic Birds in the mid-1980s.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ In woodworking and construction, a nail is a pin-shaped object of metal (or wood, called a treenail or \"trunnel\") which is used as a fastener, as a peg to hang something, or sometimes as a decoration.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Generally, nails have a sharp point on one end and a flattened head on the other, but headless nails are available.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Nails are made in a great variety of forms for specialized purposes.", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ The most common is a \"wire nail\".", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Other types of nails include \"pins\", \"tacks\", \"brads\", \"spikes\", and \"cleats.\"", "Nail (fastener) __knowledge__ Nails are typically driven into the workpiece by a hammer, a pneumatic nail gun, or a small explosive charge or primer.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, an industrial rock band fronted by Trent Reznor, did various live performances throughout the world, including tours in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and Asia.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ While Reznor controls the creative and musical direction of Nine Inch Nails in-studio, the touring band performs different arrangements of the songs in live settings.", "Nine Inch Nails live performances __knowledge__ In addition to regular concerts, the band has performed in both supporting and headlining roles at festivals such as Woodstock '94, Lollapalooza 1991 and 2008, as well as many other one-off performances including the MTV Video Music Awards.", "Frances Goodman __knowledge__ Frances Goodman (born 1975) is a South African mixed-media artist who currently lives in Johannesburg.", "Frances Goodman __knowledge__ Her work makes use of acrylic nails and other unconventional materials and is \"interested in the relations between femininity, costuming, and role-playing\".", "Frances Goodman __knowledge__ From 1994-1997, Goodman worked on a BA in Fine Arts at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg.", "Frances Goodman __knowledge__ She then moved to London to attend Goldsmiths College in 1999, receiving an MA in Fine Arts in 2000.", "Frances Goodman __knowledge__ Afterward, she served as a laureate at the Higher Institute for Fine Art in Antwerp, Belgium from 2001 to 2003.", "Frances Goodman __knowledge__ Goodman has exhibited widely since 2002, with solo and group shows across Europe, North America, and Africa.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ A nail is a horn-like envelope covering the tips of the fingers and toes in most primates and a few other mammals.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ Nails are similar to claws in other animals.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ Fingernails and toenails are made of a tough protective protein called alpha-keratin.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ This protein is also found in the hooves and horns of different animals.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ The nail consists of the nail plate, the nail matrix and the nail bed below it, and the grooves surrounding it.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ The matrix, sometimes called the \"matrix unguis\", keratogenous membrane, nail matrix, or onychostroma, is the tissue (or germinal matrix) which the nail protects.", "Nail (anatomy) __knowledge__ It is the part of the nail bed that is beneath the nail and contains nerves, lymph and blood vessels.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ There are two types of gel, hard gel and soft gel.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Hard gel gets its name because, once cured, it is tough enough to be made into a nail extension.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Nail extensions are artificial nails created by using a nail product to extend the nail past the edge of the natural nail.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Soft gel refers to the gel products that are too soft to create a nail extension.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ This includes gel polishes and thicker gels meant for gel-overlay services.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ Gel polishes are used for the increasingly popular gel polish manicures.", "Gel nails __knowledge__ These manicures, when done by caring, experienced, and trained professionals, are gentle to the natural nail and the polish stays intact on the nail for at least a couple of weeks with high shine and no cracking, peeling or chipping.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Nail polish (also known as nail varnish) is a lacquer that can be applied to the human fingernails or toenails to decorate and protect the nail plates.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ The formulation has been revised repeatedly to enhance its decorative effects, and to suppress cracking or flaking.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Nail polish consists of a mix of an organic polymer and several other components, depending on the brand.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Nail polish originated in China and dates back to 3000 BC.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ Around 600 BC, during the Zhou dynasty, the royal house preferred the colors gold and silver.", "Nail polish __knowledge__ However, red and black eventually replaced these metallic colors as royal favorites." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 10, 45 ]

[ "Do you go to the beauty salon quite a bit?", "Do you get other stuff done besides your hair because technically if they only offer hair services they would be a hair salon only!", "Do you get artificial nails or do you get your own nails done?", "Nails are made of a material alpha-keratin that is also found in hooves and horns of other animals which I find kinda interesting. Polish doesn't hurt humans so it probably would't hurt other animals either." ]

[ "Beauty salon", "Beauty salon", "Beauty salon", "Beauty salon" ]

[ "New York University", "New York University?", "When was it founded?", "Who founded NYU?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York University __knowledge__ New York University (NYU) is a private nonprofit research university based in New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ Founded in 1831, NYU's main campus is centered in Manhattan, located with its core in Greenwich Village, and campuses based throughout New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ NYU is also a worldwide university, operating NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai, and centers in Accra, Berlin, Buenos Aires, Florence, London, Madrid, Paris, Prague, Sydney, Tel Aviv, and Washington, D.C.", "New York University __knowledge__ Among its faculty and alumni are 37 Nobel Laureates, over 30 Pulitzer Prize winners, over 30 Academy Award winners, and hundreds of members of the National Academies of Sciences.", "New York University __knowledge__ Alumni include heads of state, royalty, eminent mathematicians, inventors, media figures, Olympic medalists, CEOs of Fortune 500 companies, and astronauts.", "New York University __knowledge__ Albert Gallatin, Secretary of Treasury under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, declared his intention to establish \"in this immense and fast-growing city ... a system of rational and practical education fitting and graciously opened to all\".", "New York University __knowledge__ A three-day-long \"literary and scientific convention\" held in City Hall in 1830 and attended by over 100 delegates debated the terms of a plan for a new university.", "New York University __knowledge__ These New Yorkers believed the city needed a university designed for young men who would be admitted based upon merit rather than birthright or social class." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York University __knowledge__ New York University (NYU) is a private nonprofit research university based in New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ Founded in 1831, NYU's main campus is centered in Manhattan, located with its core in Greenwich Village, and campuses based throughout New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ NYU is also a worldwide university, operating NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai, and centers in Accra, Berlin, Buenos Aires, Florence, London, Madrid, Paris, Prague, Sydney, Tel Aviv, and Washington, D.C.", "New York University __knowledge__ Among its faculty and alumni are 37 Nobel Laureates, over 30 Pulitzer Prize winners, over 30 Academy Award winners, and hundreds of members of the National Academies of Sciences.", "New York University __knowledge__ Alumni include heads of state, royalty, eminent mathematicians, inventors, media figures, Olympic medalists, CEOs of Fortune 500 companies, and astronauts.", "New York University __knowledge__ Albert Gallatin, Secretary of Treasury under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, declared his intention to establish \"in this immense and fast-growing city ... a system of rational and practical education fitting and graciously opened to all\".", "New York University __knowledge__ A three-day-long \"literary and scientific convention\" held in City Hall in 1830 and attended by over 100 delegates debated the terms of a plan for a new university.", "New York University __knowledge__ These New Yorkers believed the city needed a university designed for young men who would be admitted based upon merit rather than birthright or social class.", "York University __knowledge__ York University () is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "York University __knowledge__ It is Canada's third-largest university.", "York University __knowledge__ York University has approximately 52,300 students, 7,000 faculty and staff, and 295,000 alumni worldwide.", "York University __knowledge__ It has eleven faculties, including the Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, Faculty of Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, Schulich School of Business, Osgoode Hall Law School, Glendon College, Faculty of Education, Faculty of Health, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Graduate Studies, the School of the Arts, Media, Performance and Design (formerly the Faculty of Fine Arts), and 28 research centres.", "New York University Tandon School of Engineering __knowledge__ The New York University Tandon School of Engineering (commonly referred to as Tandon) is the engineering and applied sciences school of New York University.", "New York University Tandon School of Engineering __knowledge__ Tandon is the second oldest private engineering and technology school in the United States.", "New York University Tandon School of Engineering __knowledge__ The school dates back to 1854 when its predecessor institutions, the University of the City of New York School of Civil Engineering and Architecture and the Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute, were founded.", "New York University Tandon School of Engineering __knowledge__ On October 5, 2015, the school was renamed in honor of NYU Trustees Chandrika and Ranjan Tandon, following their donation of $100 million to the school.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ John Edward Sexton (born September 29, 1942) is an American lawyer and academic.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ Sexton served as the fifteenth President of New York University, from 2002 to 2015.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ From 1988 to 2002, he served as Dean of the NYU School of Law, during which time NYU became one of the top five law schools in the country according to \"U.S. News and World Report\".", "John Sexton __knowledge__ From January 1, 2003 to January 1, 2007, he was the Chairman of the Board of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; in 2006, he served as chair of the Federal Reserve System's Council of Chairs.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ Sexton graduated from Brooklyn Prep, a Jesuit high school, in 1959.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "New York University Archives __knowledge__ The New York University Archives has served, since 1977, as the final repository for the historical records of New York University (NYU), in Greenwich Village, New York, U.S.", "New York University Archives __knowledge__ The NYU Archives contains documents, photographs or drawings collected since 1854, including records or notebooks of some notable people.", "New York University Archives __knowledge__ It functions primarily to document the history of the university and to provide source material for administrators, faculty, students, alumni, and other members of the university community.", "New York University Archives __knowledge__ The NYU Archives also accommodates scholars, authors, and other interested persons who seek to evaluate the impact of the university's activities on the history of American social, cultural and intellectual development.", "New York University Abu Dhabi __knowledge__ New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD, ) is a research university with a fully integrated liberal arts and science college, located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.", "New York University Abu Dhabi __knowledge__ Together with New York University in New York City and New York University Shanghai, the portal campus is part of NYU's Global Network University.", "New York University Abu Dhabi __knowledge__ It opened in 2008 at a temporary site for conferences and cultural events.", "New York University Abu Dhabi __knowledge__ The academic program opened in September 2010 on the permanent campus built on Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi.", "New York University Abu Dhabi __knowledge__ In October 2007, New York University announced its intention to open a complete branch campus in Abu Dhabi, financed by the government of the United Arab Emirates.", "Nehemiah Corporation of America __knowledge__ Nehemiah Corporation of America is a non-profit organization based in Sacramento, California specializing in homeownership, affordable housing and community development.", "Nehemiah Corporation of America __knowledge__ It started in 1994 as a small organization, but grew to prominence later in the 1990s after it developed a program that allowed home buyers to make down payments on their purchases using funds that were derived from the home sellers.", "Nehemiah Corporation of America __knowledge__ This program, the Nehemiah Program, became popular and was widely emulated, giving birth to what came to be known as the seller-funded down-payment assistance industry.", "Nehemiah Corporation of America __knowledge__ The industry attracted criticism from U.S. federal agencies (particularly the Government Accountability Office and the Internal Revenue Service) and was ultimately shut down in 2008 by a change in federal law.", "Virginia Tech __knowledge__ Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, popularly known as Virginia Tech, and traditionally known as VPI since 1896, is a public, land-grant, research university with a main campus in Blacksburg, Virginia, educational facilities in six regions statewide, and a study-abroad site in Switzerland.", "Virginia Tech __knowledge__ Through its Corps of Cadets ROTC program, Virginia Tech is also designated as one of six senior military colleges in the country.", "Virginia Tech __knowledge__ As Virginia's third-largest university, Virginia Tech offers 225 undergraduate and graduate degree programs to some 30,600 students and manages a research portfolio of $513 million, the largest of any university in Virginia.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ The urban campus of New York University (NYU) is located in Manhattan, primarily situated around Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village, as well as in MetroTech Center in Downtown Brooklyn.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ NYU is one of the top three largest landowners in New York City.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ Most of NYU's buildings on the main campus are scattered across a roughly square area bounded by Houston Street to the south, Broadway to the east, 14th Street to the north, and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) to the west.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ Most of NYU's main buildings, including the Silver Center, Elmer Holmes Bobst Library, and the Kimmel Center, surround Washington Square Park.", "Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service __knowledge__ New York University's Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service (NYU Wagner, Wagner) is a public policy school that offers a comprehensive curriculum in public and nonprofit policy and management, health policy and management, international development, and urban planning.", "Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service __knowledge__ In 1938, NYU offered its first Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree in response to overfilled public service-oriented classes at the university.", "Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service __knowledge__ Fifteen years later, NYU established a stand-alone school—the School for Public Service and Social Work.", "Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service __knowledge__ At around the same time, Robert Ferdinand Wagner Jr., as Mayor of New York City, worked to build public housing and schools, and established the right for city employees to collectively bargain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York University __knowledge__ New York University (NYU) is a private nonprofit research university based in New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ Founded in 1831, NYU's main campus is centered in Manhattan, located with its core in Greenwich Village, and campuses based throughout New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ NYU is also a worldwide university, operating NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai, and centers in Accra, Berlin, Buenos Aires, Florence, London, Madrid, Paris, Prague, Sydney, Tel Aviv, and Washington, D.C.", "New York University __knowledge__ Among its faculty and alumni are 37 Nobel Laureates, over 30 Pulitzer Prize winners, over 30 Academy Award winners, and hundreds of members of the National Academies of Sciences.", "New York University __knowledge__ Alumni include heads of state, royalty, eminent mathematicians, inventors, media figures, Olympic medalists, CEOs of Fortune 500 companies, and astronauts.", "New York University __knowledge__ Albert Gallatin, Secretary of Treasury under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, declared his intention to establish \"in this immense and fast-growing city ... a system of rational and practical education fitting and graciously opened to all\".", "New York University __knowledge__ A three-day-long \"literary and scientific convention\" held in City Hall in 1830 and attended by over 100 delegates debated the terms of a plan for a new university.", "New York University __knowledge__ These New Yorkers believed the city needed a university designed for young men who would be admitted based upon merit rather than birthright or social class.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ This page indexes the individual year in association football pages.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ Each year is annotated with one or more significant events as a reference point.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ The Cambridge Rules are created in 1848.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ Official referees appear for the first time in a football match, at a match held in Cheltenham in 1849, two in field and one in tribune.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ Sheffield F.C., the first football club in the world, is founded in 1857.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ That same year the Sheffield Rules are also created.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ British railway builders introduce football to Argentina.", "Timeline of association football __knowledge__ The Football Association is founded in 1863 (the first football association in the world), and it ratifies the original 14 rules of the game.", "Places of worship in Burnley __knowledge__ Burnley, in Lancashire, England, has a long history of religious worship, dating from at least before 1122 in the case of the Church of England.", "Places of worship in Burnley __knowledge__ The chapel at Towneley Hall was the centre for Roman Catholic worship in Burnley until modern times.", "Places of worship in Burnley __knowledge__ Well before the Industrial Revolution, the town saw the emergence of many non-conformist churches and chapels.", "Places of worship in Burnley __knowledge__ In 1891 the town was the location of the meeting which saw the creation of the Baptist Union of Great Britain and Ireland.", "Places of worship in Burnley __knowledge__ In the late 19th century a Jewish synagogue was established, and in recent times evangelical and free churches have appeared, as well as a large purpose-built mosque.", "Third Order of Saint Francis __knowledge__ The Third Order of Saint Francis, historically known as the Order of Penance of Saint Francis, is a third order within the Franciscan movement of the Catholic Church.", "Third Order of Saint Francis __knowledge__ It includes both congregations of vowed men and women and fraternities of men and women living standard lives in the world, married most of the time.", "Third Order of Saint Francis __knowledge__ It has been believed that the Third Order of Saint Francis was the oldest of all third orders, but historical evidence does not support this.", "Third Order of Saint Francis __knowledge__ Similar institutions are found in documentation of some monastic orders in the 12th century.", "Third Order of Saint Francis __knowledge__ In addition, a third order has been found among the Humiliati, confirmed together with its rule by Pope Innocent III in 1201.", "Music of Poland __knowledge__ The Music of Poland covers the diverse aspects of music and musical traditions that have originated in Poland.", "Music of Poland __knowledge__ Artists from Poland, include famous classical composers like Frédéric Chopin, Witold Lutosławski, Krzysztof Penderecki, Karol Szymanowski or Henryk Górecki, world-renowned pianists like Arthur Rubinstein, Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Krystian Zimerman as well as the traditional, regionalised folk musicians that create a rich and lively music scene, which has developed over the course of history a variety of music genres and folk dances such as mazurka, polonaise, krakowiak, polska, oberek and poezja śpiewana (sung poetry).", "Macedonian Australians __knowledge__ Macedonian Australians are Australians of ethnic Macedonian descent.", "Macedonian Australians __knowledge__ Many arrived in the 1920s and 1930s, although larger numbers came to Australia after World War II and the Greek Civil War.", "Macedonian Australians __knowledge__ By far the largest wave of immigration was during the 1960s and 1970s.", "Macedonian Australians __knowledge__ In the 2006 Census, 40,656 Australian residents are listed as having been born in the Republic of Macedonia.", "Macedonian Australians __knowledge__ A total of 83,978 residents declared their ancestry as Macedonian, either alone or in combination with another ancestry.", "Macedonian Australians __knowledge__ As at 2006 the Macedonian language is spoken at home by 67,833 residents.", "Macedonian Australians __knowledge__ In 2001 the Republic of Macedonia was the 26th most common birthplace in Australia.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ Scouting in Oklahoma has a long history, from the 1910s to the present day, serving thousands of youth in programs that suit the environment in which they live.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ The first Boy Scout troop in America is claimed to have been organized in Pawhuska, in May 1909 by John F. Mitchell.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ Pawhuska is in the Cherokee Area Council.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ In 1917, the Guthrie Council was formed.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ It closed in 1918.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ In 1921, the Miami Council was formed.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ It closed that same year.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ The Hobart Council (#476) was founded in 1922.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ It closed in 1925.", "Scouting in Oklahoma __knowledge__ The Durant Council was founded in 1921 and changed its name in 1923 to the Kiamichi Area Council (#736).", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ There are many collegiate secret societies in North America.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ They vary greatly in their levels of secrecy and independence from their universities.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ As the term is used in this article, a \"secret society\" is a collegiate society where significant effort is made to keep affairs, membership rolls, signs of recognition, initiation, or other aspects secret from the public.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ Some collegiate secret societies are referred to as 'class societies', which restrict membership to one class year.", "Collegiate secret societies in North America __knowledge__ Most class societies are restricted to the senior class, and are therefore also called \"senior societies\" on many campuses.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik (also called Yupik, Central Yupik, or indigenously Yugtun) is one of the languages of the Yupik family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages spoken by Alaska Natives.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ As of 2010 it was also the second largest aboriginal language in the United States in terms of numbers of speakers.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Yup'ik should not be confused with the related language Central Siberian Yupik spoken in Chukotka and St. Lawrence Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center (YPCC), also known as \"Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center and Museum\", formerly known as the \"Yup'ik Museum, Library, and Multipurpose Cultural Center\" (or \"Facility\"), is a non-profit cultural center of the Yup'ik (and sometimes Alaskan Athabaskan of the region) culture centrally located in Bethel, Alaska near the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Kuskokwim Campus and city offices.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The center is a unique facility that combines a museum, a library, and multi-purpose cultural activity center including performing arts space, for cultural gatherings, feasts, celebrations, meetings and classes.", "University of Central Florida __knowledge__ The University of Central Florida, or UCF, is an American public state university in Orlando, Florida.", "University of Central Florida __knowledge__ It is the largest university in the United States by undergraduate enrollment, as well as the largest by enrollment at a single campus.", "University of Central Florida __knowledge__ Founded in 1963 by the Florida Legislature, UCF opened in 1968 as Florida Technological University, with the mission of providing personnel to support the growing U.S. space program at the Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on Florida's Space Coast.", "University of Central Florida __knowledge__ As the academic scope expanded beyond its original focus on engineering and technology, \"Florida Tech\" was renamed The University of Central Florida in 1978.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing (or dance) or Yuraq, also Yuraqing (Yup'ik \"yuraq\" \"yurak\" \"yurat\" ) is a traditional Eskimo style dancing form usually performed to songs in Yup'ik, with dances choreographed for specific songs which the Yup'ik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik dance for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig dance for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing is set up in a very specific and cultural format.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Typically, the men are in the front, kneeling and the women stand in the back.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ The drummers are in the very back of the dance group." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York University __knowledge__ New York University (NYU) is a private nonprofit research university based in New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ Founded in 1831, NYU's main campus is centered in Manhattan, located with its core in Greenwich Village, and campuses based throughout New York City.", "New York University __knowledge__ NYU is also a worldwide university, operating NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai, and centers in Accra, Berlin, Buenos Aires, Florence, London, Madrid, Paris, Prague, Sydney, Tel Aviv, and Washington, D.C.", "New York University __knowledge__ Among its faculty and alumni are 37 Nobel Laureates, over 30 Pulitzer Prize winners, over 30 Academy Award winners, and hundreds of members of the National Academies of Sciences.", "New York University __knowledge__ Alumni include heads of state, royalty, eminent mathematicians, inventors, media figures, Olympic medalists, CEOs of Fortune 500 companies, and astronauts.", "New York University __knowledge__ Albert Gallatin, Secretary of Treasury under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, declared his intention to establish \"in this immense and fast-growing city ... a system of rational and practical education fitting and graciously opened to all\".", "New York University __knowledge__ A three-day-long \"literary and scientific convention\" held in City Hall in 1830 and attended by over 100 delegates debated the terms of a plan for a new university.", "New York University __knowledge__ These New Yorkers believed the city needed a university designed for young men who would be admitted based upon merit rather than birthright or social class.", "Theodore Rappaport __knowledge__ Theodore (Ted) Scott Rappaport (born November 26, 1960) is an American electrical engineer in the field of wireless communications, the David Lee/Ernst Weber Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at New York University Tandon School of Engineering and founding director of NYU WIRELESS.", "Theodore Rappaport __knowledge__ He has written several textbooks, including \"Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice\".", "Theodore Rappaport __knowledge__ He co-founded TSR Technologies, Inc. and Wireless Valley Communications, Inc., Ted Rappaport was born in Brooklyn, New York and moved around a lot as a child; graduating from Lincoln High School in Cambridge City, IN Rappaport first developed an affinity for radio at age 5 when he would visit his grandfather, and together they would spend hours \"tuning around, listening to Morse code and ship-to-shore\" on his grandfather's Philco antique shortwave radio.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ John Edward Sexton (born September 29, 1942) is an American lawyer and academic.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ Sexton served as the fifteenth President of New York University, from 2002 to 2015.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ From 1988 to 2002, he served as Dean of the NYU School of Law, during which time NYU became one of the top five law schools in the country according to \"U.S. News and World Report\".", "John Sexton __knowledge__ From January 1, 2003 to January 1, 2007, he was the Chairman of the Board of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; in 2006, he served as chair of the Federal Reserve System's Council of Chairs.", "John Sexton __knowledge__ Sexton graduated from Brooklyn Prep, a Jesuit high school, in 1959.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ The urban campus of New York University (NYU) is located in Manhattan, primarily situated around Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village, as well as in MetroTech Center in Downtown Brooklyn.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ NYU is one of the top three largest landowners in New York City.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ Most of NYU's buildings on the main campus are scattered across a roughly square area bounded by Houston Street to the south, Broadway to the east, 14th Street to the north, and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) to the west.", "Campus of New York University __knowledge__ Most of NYU's main buildings, including the Silver Center, Elmer Holmes Bobst Library, and the Kimmel Center, surround Washington Square Park.", "NYU Violets __knowledge__ NYU Violets is the nickname of the sports teams and other competitive teams at New York University.", "NYU Violets __knowledge__ The school colors are purple and white.", "NYU Violets __knowledge__ Although officially known as the Violets, the school mascot is a bobcat.", "NYU Violets __knowledge__ The Violets compete as a member of NCAA Division III in the University Athletic Association conference.", "NYU Violets __knowledge__ The university sponsors 23 varsity sports, as well as club teams and intramural sports.", "NYU Violets __knowledge__ For more than a century, NYU athletes have worn violet and white colors in competition, which is the root of the nickname Violets.", "NYU Violets __knowledge__ In the 1980s, after briefly using a student dressed as a violet for a mascot, the school instead adopted the bobcat as its mascot, from the abbreviation then being used by NYU's Bobst Library computerized catalog.", "History of New York University __knowledge__ The history of New York University begins in the early 19th century.", "History of New York University __knowledge__ A group of prominent New York City residents from the city's landed class of merchants, bankers, and traders established NYU on April 18, 1831.", "History of New York University __knowledge__ These New Yorkers believed the city needed a university designed for young men who would be admitted based on merit, not birthright or social class.", "History of New York University __knowledge__ Albert Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury under Thomas Jefferson, described his motivation in a letter to a friend: \"It appeared to me impossible to preserve our democratic institutions and the right of universal suffrage unless we could raise the standard of general education and the mind of the laboring classes nearer to a level with those born under more favorable circumstances.\"", "List of Elfen Lied characters __knowledge__ The characters in the \"Elfen Lied\" manga and anime series were created by Lynn Okamoto, with character-design assistance from Seiji Kishimoto for the anime adaptation.", "List of Elfen Lied characters __knowledge__ The plot and characters are described, below, using in-universe tone.", "List of Elfen Lied characters __knowledge__ \"Elfen Lied\" takes place in Kamakura, Japan, where a fictional mutant human sub-species, with violent telekinetic powers, has been discovered.", "List of Elfen Lied characters __knowledge__ Known as a Diclonius, any person showing signs of the mutation have either been contained in the Diclonius research facility or exterminated.", "List of Elfen Lied characters __knowledge__ is a diclonius girl, assumed to be fifteen but never explicitly stated (eighteen in the anime), and the central protagonist of the series.", "July Monarchy __knowledge__ The July Monarchy () was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under Louis Philippe I, starting with the July Revolution of 1830 and ending with the Revolution of 1848.", "July Monarchy __knowledge__ It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X and the House of Bourbon.", "July Monarchy __knowledge__ Louis Philippe, a member of the more liberal Orléans branch of the House of Bourbon, proclaimed himself as \"Roi des Français\" (\"King of the French\") rather than \"King of France\", emphasizing the popular origins of his reign.", "July Monarchy __knowledge__ The king promised to follow the \"\"juste milieu\"\", or the middle-of-the-road, avoiding the extremes of either the conservative supporters of Charles X and radicals on the left.", "Paris under Louis-Philippe __knowledge__ Paris during the reign of King Louis-Philippe (1830-1848) was the city described in the novels of Honoré de Balzac and Victor Hugo.", "Paris under Louis-Philippe __knowledge__ Its population increased from 785,000 in 1831 to 1,053,000 in 1848, as the city grew to the north and west, while the poorest neighborhoods in the center became even more crowded.", "Paris under Louis-Philippe __knowledge__ The heart of the city, around the Île de la Cité, was a maze of narrow, winding streets and crumbling buildings from earlier centuries; it was picturesque, but dark, crowded, unhealthy and dangerous.", "Paris under Louis-Philippe __knowledge__ A cholera outbreak in 1832 killed 20,000 people.", "Paris under Louis-Philippe __knowledge__ Claude-Philibert de Rambuteau, prefect of the Seine for fifteen years under Louis-Philippe, made tentative efforts to improve the center of the city: he paved the quays of the Seine with stone paths and planted trees along the river.", "Battle of Warsaw (1831) __knowledge__ The Battle of Warsaw was fought in September 1831 between Imperial Russia and Poland.", "Battle of Warsaw (1831) __knowledge__ After a two-day assault on the city's western fortifications, the Polish defences collapsed and the city was evacuated.", "Battle of Warsaw (1831) __knowledge__ It was the largest battle and the final episode of the Polish–Russian War of 1830–31, a conflict that became better known as the November Uprising.", "Battle of Warsaw (1831) __knowledge__ After almost a year of heavy fighting, a large Russian force crossed the Vistula and besieged the capital of Poland on 20 August.", "Battle of Warsaw (1831) __knowledge__ Although the siege was partially lifted soon afterwards and a successful sortie allowed a communication route between the city and the rest of Poland, a large Russian force remained on the left bank of the Vistula and continued to threaten the city.", "James Milson __knowledge__ James Milson (25 November 1783 – 25 October 1872) was an early settler on the North Shore of Sydney, Australia.", "James Milson __knowledge__ He was born on 25 November 1783 at Grantham, Lincolnshire, England and died at the age of 88 on 25 October 1872 at Milsons Point, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.", "James Milson __knowledge__ 23-year-old James Milson arrived in Port Jackson (Sydney) on \"Albion\" on 19 August 1806 as one of the earliest free settlers in the Colony of New South Wales.", "James Milson __knowledge__ His motivation for immigrating was the same as the many who followed him, the promise of free land.", "James Milson __knowledge__ He was a native of Lincolnshire experienced in farming and was welcomed by the colonists, desperate for men with agricultural knowledge.", "Third-oldest university in England debate __knowledge__ The title of third-oldest university in England is claimed by three institutions: Durham University as the third oldest officially recognised university (1832) and the third to confer degrees (1837); the University of London as the third university to be granted a Royal Charter (1836); and University College London as it was founded as \"London University\" (1826) and was the third oldest university institution to start teaching (1828).", "Third-oldest university in England debate __knowledge__ A fourth institution, King's College London, officially claims to be the fourth oldest university in England but is claimed by some students to be the third oldest as the third university institution to receive a Royal Charter (1829).", "Canut revolts __knowledge__ The Canut revolts () is the collective name for the major revolts by Lyonnais silk workers () which occurred in 1831, 1834 and 1848.", "Canut revolts __knowledge__ They were among the first well-defined worker uprisings of the period known as the Industrial Revolution.", "Canut revolts __knowledge__ The First Canut revolt in 1831 was provoked by a bad economy and a resultant drop in silk prices, which caused a drop in workers' wages.", "Canut revolts __knowledge__ In an effort to maintain their standard of living, the workers tried to see a minimum price imposed on silk.", "Canut revolts __knowledge__ The refusal of the manufacturers to pay this price infuriated the workers, who went into open revolt.", "Canut revolts __knowledge__ They seized the arsenal and repulsed the local national guard and military in a bloody battle, which left the insurgents in control of the town.", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ Charles Philipon (19 April 1800 – 25 January 1861).", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ Born in Lyon, he was a French lithographer, caricaturist and journalist.", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ He was the editor of the \"La Caricature\" and of \"Le Charivari\", both satirical political journals.", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ Charles Philipon came from a small, middle-class, Lyons family.", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ His father, Étienne Philipon, was a hatter and wallpaper manufacturer.", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ He enthusiastically welcomed the revolution of 1789.", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ According to Pierre Larousse his ancestors included Manon Roland, Armand Philippon, and Louis Philipon de La Madelaine.", "Charles Philipon __knowledge__ After attending school in Lyons and Villefranche-sur-Saône, Charles Philipon studied drawing at the École Impériale des Beaux-arts de Lyon." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 6 ]

[ "I go to NYU which is a private nonprofit research university. ", "Yup! Their main campus is Manhattan, but they have other campuses around the city. ", "It was founded in 1831. ", "Albert Gallatin, who was secretary of treasury under President's Jefferson and Madison, was the founder. " ]

[ "New York University", "New York University", "New York University", "New York University" ]

[ "The Beatles\nI love The Beatles, I've heard every song by them, how do you feel about them?", "I do not understand, what about John Lennon? ", "It's true, It's a shame that they broke up, all things must pass though", "He did, he was also a member of The Traveling Wilburys, unfortunately he died of cancer though in 2001 " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ \"I'll Still Love You\" is a song written by English musician George Harrison and first released in 1976 by his former Beatles bandmate Ringo Starr.", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ Produced by Arif Mardin, the track appeared on Starr's debut album for Atlantic Records and Polydor, \"Ringo's Rotogravure\".", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ The composition had a long recording history before then, having been written in 1970 as \"Whenever\", after which it was copyrighted with the title \"When Every Song Is Sung\".", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ Harrison originally intended the song for Welsh singer Shirley Bassey, who had a hit in the summer of 1970 with a cover version of his Beatles composition \"Something\".", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The Beatles: Rock Band is a 2009 music video game developed by Harmonix, published by MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ It is the third major console release in the \"Rock Band\" music video game series, in which players can simulate the playing of rock music by using controllers shaped like musical instruments.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ \"The Beatles: Rock Band\" is the first band-centric game in the series, and it is centered on the popular English rock group the Beatles.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The game features virtual portrayals of the four band members performing the songs throughout the band's history, including depictions of some of their famous live performances, as well as a number of \"dreamscape\" sequences for songs from the Abbey Road Studios recording sessions during the group's studio years.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ The Beatles, also known as the White Album, is the ninth studio album by English rock group the Beatles, released on 22 November 1968.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ A double album, its plain white sleeve has no graphics or text other than the band's name embossed, which was intended as a direct contrast to the vivid cover artwork of the band's earlier \"Sgt.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band\".", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ Although no singles were issued from \"The Beatles\" in Britain and the United States, the songs \"Hey Jude\" and \"Revolution\" originated from the same recording sessions and were issued on a single in August 1968.", "The Beatles (album) __knowledge__ The album's songs range in style from British blues and ska to tracks influenced by Chuck Berry and by Karlheinz Stockhausen.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ George Harrison (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001) was an English guitarist, singer-songwriter, and producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Often referred to as \"the quiet Beatle\", Harrison embraced Indian culture and helped broaden the scope of popular music through his incorporation of Indian instrumentation and Hindu-aligned spirituality in the Beatles' work.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Although the majority of the band's songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ His songs for the group included \"Taxman\", \"Within You Without You\", \"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\", \"Here Comes the Sun\" and \"Something\", the last of which became the Beatles' second-most covered song.", "Chris Carter (American musician) __knowledge__ Chris Paul Carter (born September 2, 1959) is an American, Los Angeles-based disc jockey and music/film producer, who started his music career as a founding member and bass player with alternative rock/power pop band Dramarama.", "Chris Carter (American musician) __knowledge__ After Dramarama originally split in 1994, Carter formed QM Management to manage LA pop group The Wondermints, currently best known as Beach Boy Brian Wilson's touring backing band.", "Chris Carter (American musician) __knowledge__ Until September 2006, KLSX aired Carter's \"Breakfast with the Beatles\", America's longest-running Beatles-based radio show, on which he played almost nothing but Beatles material and commented upon the history of the group for as long as four hours every week." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ John Winston Ono Lennon, (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician, and peace activist who co-founded the Beatles, the most commercially successful band in the history of popular music.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ Along with George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the group would ascend to world-wide fame during the 1960s.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ Born and raised in Liverpool, Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager.", "John Lennon __knowledge__ In 1957, he formed his first band, the Quarrymen, which evolved into the Beatles in 1960.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ Yoko Ono (born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist who is also known for her work in performance art and filmmaking.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She performs in both English and Japanese.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She is known for being the second wife and widow of singer-songwriter John Lennon of the Beatles.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ Ono grew up in Tokyo and also spent several formative years in New York City.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She studied at Gakushuin, but withdrew from her course after two years and moved to New York in 1953 to live with her family.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She spent some time at Sarah Lawrence College and then became involved in New York City's downtown artists scene, which included the Fluxus group.", "Cynthia Lennon __knowledge__ Cynthia Lillian Lennon (née Powell; 10 September 1939 – 1 April 2015) was the first wife of English musician John Lennon and mother of Julian Lennon.", "Cynthia Lennon __knowledge__ She grew up in the middle-class section of Hoylake, on the Wirral Peninsula in North West England.", "Cynthia Lennon __knowledge__ At the age of 12, she was accepted into the Junior Art School, and was later enrolled in the Liverpool College of Art.", "Cynthia Lennon __knowledge__ John Lennon also attended the college; a meeting with Powell in a calligraphy class led to their relationship.", "Cynthia Lennon __knowledge__ When John was performing in Hamburg with the Beatles, she rented his bedroom from his aunt and legal guardian, Mimi Smith.", "Walls and Bridges __knowledge__ Walls and Bridges is the fifth studio album by English singer-songwriter John Lennon.", "Walls and Bridges __knowledge__ It was issued by Apple Records on 26 September 1974 in the United States and on 4 October in the United Kingdom.", "Walls and Bridges __knowledge__ Written, recorded and released during his 18-month separation from Yoko Ono, the album captured Lennon in the midst of his \"Lost Weekend\".", "Walls and Bridges __knowledge__ \"Walls and Bridges\" was an American \"Billboard\" number-one album and featured two hit singles, \"Whatever Gets You thru the Night\" and \"#9 Dream\".", "Walls and Bridges __knowledge__ The first of these was Lennon's first number-one hit in the United States as a solo artist, and his only chart-topping single in either the US or Britain during his lifetime.", "Mark David Chapman __knowledge__ Mark David Chapman (born May 10, 1955) is an American murderer who shot and killed John Lennon at the entrance to the Dakota apartment building in Manhattan in New York City on December 8, 1980.", "Mark David Chapman __knowledge__ Chapman fired four times at Lennon, hitting him three times in the back and read \"The Catcher in the Rye\" until the police arrived and arrested him.", "Mark David Chapman __knowledge__ He repeatedly said that the novel was his statement.", "Mark David Chapman __knowledge__ Chapman's legal team intended to mount an insanity defense that would be based on expert testimony that he was in a delusional psychotic state at the time of the killing.", "Mark David Chapman __knowledge__ As the trial approached, Chapman instructed his lawyers that he wanted to plead guilty, based on what he had decided was the will of God.", "The Lives of John Lennon __knowledge__ The Lives of John Lennon is a 1988 biography of musician John Lennon by American author Albert Goldman.", "The Lives of John Lennon __knowledge__ The book is a product of several years of research and hundreds of interviews with many of Lennon's friends, acquaintances, servants and musicians.", "The Lives of John Lennon __knowledge__ Notwithstanding, it is best known for its criticism and generally negative representation of the personal lives of Lennon and his wife, Yoko Ono.", "The Lives of John Lennon __knowledge__ When first published, \"The Lives of John Lennon\" was controversial because of its portrayal of Lennon in a highly critical light.", "The Lives of John Lennon __knowledge__ Lennon was presented in the book as a talented but deeply flawed man who manipulated people and relationships throughout his life, flinging them aside when they were no longer useful to him.", "Instant Karma! __knowledge__ \"Instant Karma!\"", "Instant Karma! __knowledge__ – sometimes referred to as \"Instant Karma!", "Instant Karma! __knowledge__ (We All Shine On)\" – is a song written by English musician John Lennon, released as a single on Apple Records in February 1970.", "Instant Karma! __knowledge__ In the UK, the single was credited to \"Lennon/Ono with the Plastic Ono Band\".", "Instant Karma! __knowledge__ The song reached the top five in the British and American singles charts, competing with the Beatles' \"Let It Be\" in America, where it became the first solo single by a member of the band to sell a million copies.", "Instant Karma! __knowledge__ \"Instant Karma!\"", "Instant Karma! __knowledge__ was written, recorded and released within a period of ten days, making it one of the fastest-released songs in pop music history.", "John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band __knowledge__ John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band is the debut solo album by English musician John Lennon.", "John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band __knowledge__ It was released in 1970, after Lennon had issued three experimental albums with Yoko Ono and \"Live Peace in Toronto 1969\", a live performance in Toronto credited to the Plastic Ono Band.", "John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band __knowledge__ The album was recorded simultaneously with Ono's debut avant garde solo album, \"Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band\", at Ascot Sound Studios and Abbey Road Studios using the same musicians and production team and nearly identical cover artwork.", "John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band __knowledge__ \"John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band\" is generally considered one of Lennon's finest solo albums, documenting with honesty and artistic integrity his emotional and mental state at that point in his career." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ All Things Must Pass is a triple album by English musician George Harrison.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ Recorded and released in 1970, the album was Harrison's first solo work since the break-up of the Beatles in April that year, and his third solo album overall.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ It includes the hit singles \"My Sweet Lord\" and \"What Is Life\", as well as songs such as \"Isn't It a Pity\" and the title track that had been turned down for inclusion on releases by the Beatles.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ The album reflects the influence of Harrison's musical activities with artists such as Bob Dylan, the Band, Delaney & Bonnie and Billy Preston during 1968–70, and his growth as an artist beyond his supporting role to former bandmates John Lennon and Paul McCartney.", "All Things Must Pass (song) __knowledge__ \"All Things Must Pass\" is a song by English musician George Harrison, issued in November 1970 as the title track to his triple album of the same name.", "All Things Must Pass (song) __knowledge__ Billy Preston released the song originally – as \"All Things (Must) Pass\" – on his Apple Records album \"Encouraging Words\" (1970), after the Beatles had rejected it for inclusion on their \"Let It Be\" album in January 1969.", "All Things Must Pass (song) __knowledge__ The composition reflects the influence of the Band's sound and communal music-making on Harrison, after he had spent time with the group in Woodstock, New York, in late 1968, while Timothy Leary's poem \"All Things Pass\", a psychedelic adaptation of the Tao Te Ching, provided inspiration for his song lyrics.", "Let It Down __knowledge__ \"Let It Down\" is a song by English musician George Harrison, released on his 1970 triple album \"All Things Must Pass\".", "Let It Down __knowledge__ The recording was co-produced by Phil Spector and employs the latter's Wall of Sound production technique to lavish effect.", "Let It Down __knowledge__ Its brash opening and choruses contrast with the ethereal quality of the verses – a loud/soft approach that has been credited with influencing indie bands during the 1980s and 1990s.", "Let It Down __knowledge__ Harrison wrote the song in 1968 and offered it to the Beatles in January 1969 for inclusion on what became their \"Let It Be\" album (1970), also produced by Spector.", "Let It Down __knowledge__ It is one of several Harrison compositions that were turned down by the band and subsequently found acclaim on his first solo release following their break-up.", "Awaiting on You All __knowledge__ \"Awaiting on You All\" is a song by English musician George Harrison, released on his 1970 triple album, \"All Things Must Pass\".", "Awaiting on You All __knowledge__ Along with the single \"My Sweet Lord\", it is among the more overtly religious compositions on \"All Things Must Pass\", and the recording typifies co-producer Phil Spector's influence on the album, due to his liberal use of reverberation and other Wall of Sound production techniques.", "Awaiting on You All __knowledge__ Harrison recorded the track in London backed by musicians such as Eric Clapton, Bobby Whitlock, Klaus Voormann, Jim Gordon and Jim Price – many of whom he had toured with, as Delaney & Bonnie and Friends, in December 1969, while still officially a member of the Beatles.", "Isn't It a Pity __knowledge__ \"Isn't It a Pity\" is a song by English musician George Harrison from his 1970 solo album \"All Things Must Pass\".", "Isn't It a Pity __knowledge__ It appears in two variations there: one the well-known, seven-minute version; the other a reprise, titled \"Isn't It a Pity (Version Two)\".", "Isn't It a Pity __knowledge__ Harrison wrote the song in 1966, but it was rejected for inclusion on releases by the Beatles.", "Isn't It a Pity __knowledge__ In many countries around the world, the song was also issued on a double A-side single with \"My Sweet Lord\".", "Isn't It a Pity __knowledge__ In America, \"Billboard\" magazine listed it with \"My Sweet Lord\" when the single topped the Hot 100 chart, while in Canada, \"Isn't It a Pity\" reached number 1 as the preferred side.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ \"My Sweet Lord\" is a song by English musician George Harrison.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ It was released in November 1970 on his triple album \"All Things Must Pass\".", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Also issued as a single, Harrison's first as a solo artist, \"My Sweet Lord\" topped charts worldwide and was the biggest-selling single of 1971 in the UK.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ In America and Britain, the song was the first number-one single by an ex-Beatle.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison originally gave the song to his fellow Apple Records artist Billy Preston to record; this version, which Harrison co-produced, appeared on Preston's \"Encouraging Words\" album in September 1970.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison wrote \"My Sweet Lord\" in praise of the Hindu god Krishna, while at the same time intending the lyrics to serve as a call to abandon religious sectarianism through his deliberate blending of the Hebrew word \"hallelujah\" with chants of \"Hare Krishna\" and Vedic prayer.", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ Living in the Material World is the fourth studio album by English musician George Harrison, released in 1973 on Apple Records.", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ As the follow-up to 1970's critically acclaimed \"All Things Must Pass\" and his pioneering charity project, the Concert for Bangladesh, it was among the most highly anticipated releases of that year.", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America two days after release, on its way to becoming Harrison's second number 1 album in the United States, and produced the international hit \"Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)\".", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ It also topped albums charts in Canada and Australia, and reached number 2 in Britain.", "Ringo Starr __knowledge__ Sir Richard Starkey, (born 7 July 1940), known professionally as Ringo Starr, is an English musician, songwriter, singer, and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for the Beatles.", "Ringo Starr __knowledge__ He occasionally sang lead vocals, usually for one song on an album, including \"With a Little Help from My Friends\", \"Yellow Submarine\", \"Good Night\", and their cover of \"Act Naturally\".", "Ringo Starr __knowledge__ He also wrote the Beatles' songs \"Don't Pass Me By\" and \"Octopus's Garden\", and is credited as a co-writer of others, including \"What Goes On\" and \"Flying\".", "Ringo Starr __knowledge__ Starr was twice afflicted by life-threatening illnesses during childhood, and he fell behind in school as a result of prolonged hospitalisations.", "Photograph (Ringo Starr song) __knowledge__ \"Photograph\" is a song by English musician Ringo Starr that was released as the lead single from his 1973 album \"Ringo\".", "Photograph (Ringo Starr song) __knowledge__ Starr co-wrote the song with George Harrison, his former bandmate from the Beatles.", "Photograph (Ringo Starr song) __knowledge__ Although the two of them collaborated on other compositions, it is the only song officially credited to the pair.", "Photograph (Ringo Starr song) __knowledge__ A signature tune for Starr as a solo artist, \"Photograph\" became an international hit, topping singles charts in the United States, Canada and Australia, and receiving gold disc certification for US sales of 1 million.", "Photograph (Ringo Starr song) __knowledge__ Music critics have similarly received the song favourably; Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic considers it to be \"among the very best post-Beatles songs by any of the Fab Four\".", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ Ringo Brown is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Sam Clark.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ Clark was given the role after he entered and won a \"Dolly\" magazine competition.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ He made his first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 24 January 2007.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ Ringo's storylines have included his ongoing battle with an eating disorder, a bus crash, a relationship with an older woman, the collapse of a warehouse roof at an illegal dance party and his on-off relationship with Donna Freedman.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ In July 2010, it was announced that Clark had decided to leave \"Neighbours\".", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ He filmed his final scenes at the end of the month and Ringo made his last credited appearance on 18 October 2010.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. (only 1965 to 1967 was first run; later transmissions were reruns).", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series debuted on September 25, 1965 and ended on October 21, 1967.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ A total of 39 episodes were produced.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ For the fourth season, which consisted of reruns, the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode has a name of a Beatles song, so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode.", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ \"I'll Still Love You\" is a song written by English musician George Harrison and first released in 1976 by his former Beatles bandmate Ringo Starr.", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ Produced by Arif Mardin, the track appeared on Starr's debut album for Atlantic Records and Polydor, \"Ringo's Rotogravure\".", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ The composition had a long recording history before then, having been written in 1970 as \"Whenever\", after which it was copyrighted with the title \"When Every Song Is Sung\".", "I'll Still Love You __knowledge__ Harrison originally intended the song for Welsh singer Shirley Bassey, who had a hit in the summer of 1970 with a cover version of his Beatles composition \"Something\".", "Sunshine Life for Me (Sail Away Raymond) __knowledge__ \"Sunshine Life for Me (Sail Away Raymond)\" is a song by English musician Ringo Starr that appears on his 1973 solo album \"Ringo\".", "Sunshine Life for Me (Sail Away Raymond) __knowledge__ It was written by George Harrison, Starr's former bandmate in the Beatles, and was one of several contributions Harrison made to \"Ringo\".", "Sunshine Life for Me (Sail Away Raymond) __knowledge__ Recording for the song took place in Los Angeles in March 1973, with Richard Perry producing the session.", "Sunshine Life for Me (Sail Away Raymond) __knowledge__ In addition to Starr and Harrison, the musicians on the track include Levon Helm, Robbie Robertson, Rick Danko and Garth Hudson of the Band, and multi-instrumentalist David Bromberg.", "Sunshine Life for Me (Sail Away Raymond) __knowledge__ Harrison wrote \"Sunshine Life for Me\" in Ireland while staying with Scottish singer-songwriter Donovan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding the group's popularity in the United Kingdom after their first hit, \"Love Me Do\", in late 1962.", "Traveling Wilburys __knowledge__ The Traveling Wilburys (sometimes shortened to the Wilburys) were a British-American supergroup consisting of Bob Dylan, George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, and Tom Petty.", "Traveling Wilburys __knowledge__ The band recorded two albums, the first in 1988 and the second in 1990, though Orbison died before the second was recorded.", "Traveling Wilburys __knowledge__ The project's work received much anticipation given the diverse nature of the singer-songwriters.", "Traveling Wilburys __knowledge__ Their debut album \"Traveling Wilburys Vol.", "Traveling Wilburys __knowledge__ 1\" proved an enduring critical success, in 1989 and 1990 winning accolades such as a Grammy for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group.", "Traveling Wilburys __knowledge__ George Harrison first mentioned the Traveling Wilburys publicly during a radio interview with Bob Coburn on the show \"Rockline\" in February 1988.", "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 __knowledge__ The Traveling Wilburys Vol.", "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 __knowledge__ 1 is the debut album by the Anglo-American supergroup Traveling Wilburys, comprising George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Bob Dylan, Roy Orbison and Tom Petty.", "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 __knowledge__ It was released in October 1988 to commercial success and critical acclaim.", "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 __knowledge__ Although Harrison had long planned to start such a band, the project came about through happenstance.", "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 __knowledge__ Harrison was in Los Angeles and in need of a B-side for a single from his \"Cloud Nine\" album, which resulted in the participants collaborating informally on the song \"Handle with Care\" at Dylan's home.", "Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 __knowledge__ Adopting alter egos as the five Wilbury brothers, they then recorded a full album, produced by Lynne and Harrison.", "Jeff Lynne __knowledge__ Jeffrey Lynne (born 30 December 1947) is an English songwriter, singer, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist from Birmingham who co-founded the rock band Electric Light Orchestra (ELO).", "Jeff Lynne __knowledge__ In 1972, two years after the group's formation, he took over its leadership and wrote, arranged, and produced virtually all of their subsequent records.", "Jeff Lynne __knowledge__ In 1988, under the pseudonyms Otis Wilbury and Clayton Wilbury, he co-founded the supergroup Traveling Wilburys with George Harrison, Bob Dylan, Roy Orbison, and Tom Petty.", "Jeff Lynne __knowledge__ After ELO's original disbandment in 1986, Lynne released two solo albums: \"Armchair Theatre\" (1990) and \"Long Wave\" (2012).", "Roy Orbison __knowledge__ Roy Kelton Orbison (April 23, 1936 – December 6, 1988) was an American singer-songwriter known for his distinctive, impassioned voice, complex song structures, and dark emotional ballads.", "Roy Orbison __knowledge__ The combination led many critics to describe his music as operatic, nicknaming him \"the Caruso of Rock\" and \"the Big O\".", "Roy Orbison __knowledge__ While most male rock-and-roll performers in the 1950s and 1960s projected a defiant masculinity, many of Orbison's songs instead conveyed vulnerability.", "Roy Orbison __knowledge__ His voice ranged from baritone to tenor, and music scholars have suggested that he had a three- or four-octave range.", "Roy Orbison __knowledge__ During performances, he was known for standing still and solitary, and for wearing black clothes, to match his dyed jet black hair and dark sunglasses (Orbison was actually blonde), which lent an air of mystery to his persona.", "The Traveling Wilburys Collection __knowledge__ The Traveling Wilburys Collection is a box set compilation album by the British-American supergroup the Traveling Wilburys.", "The Traveling Wilburys Collection __knowledge__ It comprises the two studio albums recorded by the band in 1988 and 1990, with additional bonus tracks, and a DVD containing their music videos and a documentary about the group.", "The Traveling Wilburys Collection __knowledge__ The box set was released on 11 June 2007 by Rhino, in association with Wilbury Records. The release was overseen by George Harrison's estate, as the rights holder for the Wilburys' catalogue, and ensured that the band's recordings were available for the first time since they went out of print in the mid 1990s.", "Tom Petty __knowledge__ Thomas Earl Petty (October 20, 1950 – October 2, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and actor.", "Tom Petty __knowledge__ He was the lead singer of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, formed in 1976.", "Tom Petty __knowledge__ He previously led the band Mudcrutch.", "Tom Petty __knowledge__ He was also a co-founder of the late 1980s supergroup the Traveling Wilburys.", "Tom Petty __knowledge__ Petty recorded a number of hit singles with the Heartbreakers and as a solo artist.", "Tom Petty __knowledge__ In his career, he sold more than 80 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tom Petty __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ George Harrison (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001) was an English guitarist, singer-songwriter, and producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Often referred to as \"the quiet Beatle\", Harrison embraced Indian culture and helped broaden the scope of popular music through his incorporation of Indian instrumentation and Hindu-aligned spirituality in the Beatles' work.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Although the majority of the band's songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ His songs for the group included \"Taxman\", \"Within You Without You\", \"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\", \"Here Comes the Sun\" and \"Something\", the last of which became the Beatles' second-most covered song.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ All Things Must Pass is a triple album by English musician George Harrison.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ Recorded and released in 1970, the album was Harrison's first solo work since the break-up of the Beatles in April that year, and his third solo album overall.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ It includes the hit singles \"My Sweet Lord\" and \"What Is Life\", as well as songs such as \"Isn't It a Pity\" and the title track that had been turned down for inclusion on releases by the Beatles.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ The album reflects the influence of Harrison's musical activities with artists such as Bob Dylan, the Band, Delaney & Bonnie and Billy Preston during 1968–70, and his growth as an artist beyond his supporting role to former bandmates John Lennon and Paul McCartney.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ \"My Sweet Lord\" is a song by English musician George Harrison.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ It was released in November 1970 on his triple album \"All Things Must Pass\".", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Also issued as a single, Harrison's first as a solo artist, \"My Sweet Lord\" topped charts worldwide and was the biggest-selling single of 1971 in the UK.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ In America and Britain, the song was the first number-one single by an ex-Beatle.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison originally gave the song to his fellow Apple Records artist Billy Preston to record; this version, which Harrison co-produced, appeared on Preston's \"Encouraging Words\" album in September 1970.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison wrote \"My Sweet Lord\" in praise of the Hindu god Krishna, while at the same time intending the lyrics to serve as a call to abandon religious sectarianism through his deliberate blending of the Hebrew word \"hallelujah\" with chants of \"Hare Krishna\" and Vedic prayer.", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ Living in the Material World is the fourth studio album by English musician George Harrison, released in 1973 on Apple Records.", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ As the follow-up to 1970's critically acclaimed \"All Things Must Pass\" and his pioneering charity project, the Concert for Bangladesh, it was among the most highly anticipated releases of that year.", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America two days after release, on its way to becoming Harrison's second number 1 album in the United States, and produced the international hit \"Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)\".", "Living in the Material World __knowledge__ It also topped albums charts in Canada and Australia, and reached number 2 in Britain.", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ \"Something\" is a song by the Beatles, written by George Harrison and released on the band's 1969 album \"Abbey Road\".", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ It was also issued as a single coupled with another track from the album, \"Come Together\".", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ \"Something\" was the first Harrison composition to appear as a Beatles A-side, and the only song written by him to top the US charts before the band's break-up in April 1970.", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ The single was also one of the first Beatles singles to contain tracks already available on an LP album.", "Something (Beatles song) __knowledge__ The song drew high praise from the band's primary songwriters, John Lennon and Paul McCartney; Lennon stated that \"Something\" was the best song on \"Abbey Road\", while McCartney considered it the best song Harrison had written.", "Extra Texture (Read All About It) __knowledge__ Extra Texture (Read All About It) is the sixth studio album by English musician George Harrison, released in September 1975.", "Extra Texture (Read All About It) __knowledge__ It was Harrison's final album under his contract with Apple Records and EMI, and the last studio album issued by Apple.", "Extra Texture (Read All About It) __knowledge__ The release came nine months after his troubled 1974 North American tour with Ravi Shankar and the poorly received \"Dark Horse\" album.", "Extra Texture (Read All About It) __knowledge__ The melancholic mood of the recording reflects Harrison's depressed state at the criticism generated by these projects.", "Extra Texture (Read All About It) __knowledge__ Among Harrison's post-Beatles solo releases, \"Extra Texture\" is the only album on which his lyrics are devoid of any obvious spiritual message." ] ]

[ 2, 10, 23, 41 ]

[ "With John Lennon", "He was one of them with Harrison and Ringo. ", "It really is. Didn't Harrison title an album like that around 1970", "That is really sad. I believe he wrote a lot of their songs" ]

[ "The Beatles", "The Beatles", "The Beatles", "The Beatles" ]

[ "Bible", "I know that, I haven't read it but I've certainly heard about it.", "That's why I never understand why they call it God's word, since so many other people wrote it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bible __knowledge__ The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, \"tà biblía\", \"the books\") is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans.", "Bible __knowledge__ Many different authors contributed to the Bible.", "Bible __knowledge__ What is regarded as canonical text differs depending on traditions and groups; a number of Bible canons have evolved, with overlapping and diverging contents.", "Bible __knowledge__ The Christian Old Testament overlaps with the Hebrew Bible and the Greek Septuagint; the Hebrew Bible is known in Judaism as the Tanakh.", "Bible __knowledge__ The New Testament is a collection of writings by early Christians, believed to be mostly Jewish disciples of Christ, written in first-century Koine Greek.", "Bible __knowledge__ These early Christian Greek writings consist of narratives, letters, and apocalyptic writings.", "Bible __knowledge__ Among Christian denominations there is some disagreement about the contents of the canon, primarily the Apocrypha, a list of works that are regarded with varying levels of respect.", "Bible __knowledge__ Attitudes towards the Bible also differ amongst Christian groups.", "Bible __knowledge__ Roman Catholics, Anglicans and Eastern Orthodox Christians stress the harmony and importance of the Bible and sacred tradition, while Protestant churches focus on the idea of \"sola scriptura\", or scripture alone." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bible __knowledge__ The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, \"tà biblía\", \"the books\") is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans.", "Bible __knowledge__ Many different authors contributed to the Bible.", "Bible __knowledge__ What is regarded as canonical text differs depending on traditions and groups; a number of Bible canons have evolved, with overlapping and diverging contents.", "Bible __knowledge__ The Christian Old Testament overlaps with the Hebrew Bible and the Greek Septuagint; the Hebrew Bible is known in Judaism as the Tanakh.", "Bible __knowledge__ The New Testament is a collection of writings by early Christians, believed to be mostly Jewish disciples of Christ, written in first-century Koine Greek.", "Bible __knowledge__ These early Christian Greek writings consist of narratives, letters, and apocalyptic writings.", "Bible __knowledge__ Among Christian denominations there is some disagreement about the contents of the canon, primarily the Apocrypha, a list of works that are regarded with varying levels of respect.", "Bible __knowledge__ Attitudes towards the Bible also differ amongst Christian groups.", "Bible __knowledge__ Roman Catholics, Anglicans and Eastern Orthodox Christians stress the harmony and importance of the Bible and sacred tradition, while Protestant churches focus on the idea of \"sola scriptura\", or scripture alone.", "Bede __knowledge__ Bede ( ; ; 672/3 – 26 May 735), also known as Saint Bede, Venerable Bede, and Bede the Venerable (), was an English monk at the monastery of St. Peter and its companion monastery of St. Paul in the Kingdom of Northumbria of the Angles (contemporarily Monkwearmouth–Jarrow Abbey in Tyne and Wear, England).", "Bede __knowledge__ Born on lands likely belonging to the Monkwearmouth monastery, Bede was sent there at age seven and later joined Abbot Ceolfrith at the Jarrow monastery, both of whom survived a plague that struck in 686, an outbreak that killed a majority of the population there.", "Bede __knowledge__ While he spent most of his life in the monastery, Bede traveled to several abbeys and monasteries across the British Isles, even visiting the archbishop of York and King Ceolwulf of Northumbria.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Stamford Raffles __knowledge__ Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, FRS (6 July 1781 – 5 July 1826) was a British statesman, Lieutenant-Governor of British Java (1811–1815) and Governor-General of Bencoolen (1817–1822), best known for his founding of Modern Singapore.", "Stamford Raffles __knowledge__ He was heavily involved in the conquest of the Indonesian island of Java from Dutch and French military forces during the Napoleonic Wars and contributed to the expansion of the British Empire.", "Stamford Raffles __knowledge__ He was also an amateur writer and wrote a book, \"The History of Java\" (1817).", "Stamford Raffles __knowledge__ Raffles was born on the ship \"Ann\" off the coast of Port Morant, Jamaica, to Captain Benjamin Raffles (d. June 1797) and Anne Raffles (née Lyde).", "Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin __knowledge__ Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin (174829 June 1782), anglicized as Owen Roe O'Sullivan (\"Red Owen\"), was an Irish poet.", "Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin __knowledge__ Ó Súilleabháin is known as one of the last great Gaelic poets.", "Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin __knowledge__ A recent anthology of Irish-language poetry speaks of his \"extremely musical\" poems full of \"astonishing technical virtuosity\" and also notes that \"Eoghan Rua is still spoken of and quoted in Irish-speaking districts in Munster as one of the great wits and playboys of the past.\"", "Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin __knowledge__ Eoghan Rua was relatively unknown to English speakers until 1924, although famous among Irish-speakers, especially in Munster.", "Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin __knowledge__ In a 1903 book, Douglas Hyde, an Irish scholar from Roscommon who had learned Irish, referred to him as \"a schoolmaster named O'Sullivan, in Munster\" in his book \"The Songs of Connacht\" (which includes a drinking song by Ó Súilleabháin).", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "From This Moment On (Shania Twain song) __knowledge__ \"From This Moment On\" is a song by Canadian singer Shania Twain that appeared on the album, \"Come On Over\" (1997).", "From This Moment On (Shania Twain song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Twain, and additional production and songwriting was performed by Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange.", "From This Moment On (Shania Twain song) __knowledge__ \"From This Moment On\" has been performed on every tour by Twain since its release on March 14, 1998 in North America and Oceania.", "From This Moment On (Shania Twain song) __knowledge__ \"From This Moment On\" is a country pop track that received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who deemed the song as one of the highlights on the album.", "From This Moment On (Shania Twain song) __knowledge__ The song achieved moderate commercial success, reaching the Top 10 in Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, and United States.", "Peter Daniel Baade __knowledge__ Peter Daniel Baade (March 8, 1737 – October 25, 1823), also known as Peter Daniel Både, was a Norwegian theologian and jurist.", "Peter Daniel Baade __knowledge__ In 1768, he became the first librarian at the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters.", "Peter Daniel Baade __knowledge__ Peter Daniel Baade was the son of Daniel Baade and Helle Marie Petersdatter Lange.", "Peter Daniel Baade __knowledge__ He was born in Trondheim.", "Peter Daniel Baade __knowledge__ He graduated from Trondheim Cathedral School in 1755 and received a candidate of theology degree two years later.", "Peter Daniel Baade __knowledge__ In 1762, he went to Copenhagen, where he continued his studies and received a candidate of law degree in 1764.", "Peter Daniel Baade __knowledge__ In 1773 he married Karen Friis Spliid (1745–1813), a pastor's daughter from Copenhagen.", "Sacred language __knowledge__ A sacred language, \"holy language\" (in religious context) or liturgical language is any language that is cultivated and used primarily in religious service or for other religious reasons by people who speak another language in their daily life.", "Sacred language __knowledge__ A sacred language is often the language which was spoken and written in the society in which a religion's sacred texts were first set down; however, these texts thereafter become fixed and holy, remaining frozen and immune to later linguistic developments.", "Sacred language __knowledge__ Once a language becomes associated with religious worship, its believers may ascribe virtues to the language of worship that they would not give to their native tongues.", "Scientific foreknowledge in sacred texts __knowledge__ Scientific foreknowledge in sacred texts is the belief that certain sacred texts document an awareness of the natural world that was later discovered by technology and science.", "Scientific foreknowledge in sacred texts __knowledge__ This includes the belief that the sacred text grants a higher awareness of the natural world, like those views held by some Orthodox Jews about the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), by some Muslims regarding the Quran, by certain Christians regarding the Christian Bible, and by certain Hindus regarding the Hindu scriptures.", "Scientific foreknowledge in sacred texts __knowledge__ Skeptics have stated some of these attempts are examples of confirmation bias.", "Scientific foreknowledge in sacred texts __knowledge__ Scriptural literalism (specifically creationism and some forms of biblical archaeology) is a related ideology, but strictly the reverse process of aligning scientific observation with scriptural reading rather than aligning scriptural reading with scientific observation.", "Religion __knowledge__ There is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion.", "Religion __knowledge__ It may be defined as a cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, world views, texts, sanctified places, prophesies, ethics, or organizations, that relate humanity to the supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual.", "Religion __knowledge__ Different religions may or may not contain various elements ranging from the divine, sacred things, faith, a supernatural being or supernatural beings or \"some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life\".", "Religion __knowledge__ Religious practices may include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of deities), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism (originally from Hebrew , \"Yehudah\", \"Judah\"; via Latin and Greek) is an ancient, monotheistic, Abrahamic religion with the Torah as its foundational text.", "Judaism __knowledge__ It encompasses the religion, philosophy and culture of the Jewish people.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenant that God established with the Children of Israel.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism includes a wide corpus of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization.", "Judaism __knowledge__ The Torah is part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or the Hebrew Bible, and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ The relationship between religion and science has been a subject of study since classical antiquity, addressed by philosophers, theologians, scientists, and others.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Perspectives from different geographical regions, cultures and historical epochs are diverse, with some characterizing the relationship as one of conflict, others describing it as one of harmony, and others proposing little interaction.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Both science and religion are complex social and cultural endeavors that vary across cultures and have changed over time.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Most scientific and technical innovations prior to the scientific revolution were achieved by societies organized by religious traditions.", "Buddhist influences on print technology __knowledge__ Buddhist influences on print technology in East Asia are far-reaching.", "Buddhist influences on print technology __knowledge__ The history of writing in Asia dates back to the 13th century BC.", "Buddhist influences on print technology __knowledge__ China used bones and shells for religious inscriptions in the form of divinations.", "Buddhist influences on print technology __knowledge__ From these beginnings, numerous forms of writing and printing were developed.", "Buddhist influences on print technology __knowledge__ In many instances, as in Europe, it was religion that played a major role in the development of writing and printing techniques or which was the reason behind the usage of these techniques.", "Buddhist influences on print technology __knowledge__ Of the religions in East Asia, it was Buddhism that played the strongest role in influencing writing and, in particular, printing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bible __knowledge__ The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, \"tà biblía\", \"the books\") is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans.", "Bible __knowledge__ Many different authors contributed to the Bible.", "Bible __knowledge__ What is regarded as canonical text differs depending on traditions and groups; a number of Bible canons have evolved, with overlapping and diverging contents.", "Bible __knowledge__ The Christian Old Testament overlaps with the Hebrew Bible and the Greek Septuagint; the Hebrew Bible is known in Judaism as the Tanakh.", "Bible __knowledge__ The New Testament is a collection of writings by early Christians, believed to be mostly Jewish disciples of Christ, written in first-century Koine Greek.", "Bible __knowledge__ These early Christian Greek writings consist of narratives, letters, and apocalyptic writings.", "Bible __knowledge__ Among Christian denominations there is some disagreement about the contents of the canon, primarily the Apocrypha, a list of works that are regarded with varying levels of respect.", "Bible __knowledge__ Attitudes towards the Bible also differ amongst Christian groups.", "Bible __knowledge__ Roman Catholics, Anglicans and Eastern Orthodox Christians stress the harmony and importance of the Bible and sacred tradition, while Protestant churches focus on the idea of \"sola scriptura\", or scripture alone.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ Noach, Noiach, Nauach, Nauah, or Noah (, Hebrew for the name \"Noah\", the third word, and first distinctive word, of the parashah) is the second weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ It constitutes The parashah tells the stories of the Flood and Noah's Ark, of Noah's subsequent drunkenness and cursing of Canaan, and of the Tower of Babel.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah has the most verses of any weekly Torah portion in the Book of Genesis (but not the most letters or words), and is made up of 6,907 Hebrew letters, 1,861 Hebrew words, and 153 verses, and can occupy about 230 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Greek language question __knowledge__ The Greek language question (, \"to glossikó zítima\") was a dispute about whether the language of the Greek people (Demotic Greek) or a cultivated imitation of Ancient Greek (\"katharevousa\") should be the official language of the Greek nation.", "Greek language question __knowledge__ It was a highly controversial topic in the 19th and 20th centuries and was finally resolved in 1976, when Demotic was made the official language.", "Greek language question __knowledge__ The language phenomenon in question, which also occurs elsewhere in the world, is called diglossia.", "Greek language question __knowledge__ While Demotic was the vernacular of the Greeks, \"Katharevousa\" was an archaic and formal variant that was pronounced like Modern Greek, but it adopted both lexical and morphological features of Ancient Greek that the spoken language had lost over time.", "Rajan Zed prayer protest __knowledge__ The Rajan Zed prayer protest were events surrounding the first official offering of a Hindu prayer at the United States Senate.", "Rajan Zed prayer protest __knowledge__ On July 12, 2007, Rajan Zed, a Hindu cleric and a noted leader in Interfaith Relations from the Indian Association of Northern Nevada based in Reno, appeared at the United States Senate as its guest Chaplain.", "Rajan Zed prayer protest __knowledge__ Several days prior to the scheduled prayer the American Family Association (AFA) called on its membership to phone and email their Senators \"expressing your disappointment in the Senate decision to invite a Hindu to open the session with prayer.\"", "Rajan Zed prayer protest __knowledge__ In the Action Alerts to their membership the AFA cited self-styled historian David Barton saying he wonders \"why the U.S. government is seeking the invocation of a non-monotheistic god.", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ In Christianity, the Greek word rhema is useful to distinguish between two meanings of \"word\".", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ While both rhema and logos are translated into the English \"word\", in the original Greek there was a substantial distinction.", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ In some Charismatic Christianity groups advocating Five-Fold Ministry (including the Pentecostal Movement, Apostolic-Prophetic Movement and Word of Faith Movement) the use of the term rhema has special significance.", "Rhema (doctrine) __knowledge__ Some Christians, such as Apostolic-Prophetic Movement Christian minister and author Bill Hamon, put forward the position that rhema are a process within Christian epistemology.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ The question of the internal consistency of the Bible concerns the coherence and textual integrity of the biblical scriptures.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ Disputes regarding biblical consistency have a long history.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ Classic texts that discuss questions of inconsistency, from a critical secular perspective, include \"The Age of Reason\" by Thomas Paine, the \"Tractatus Theologico-Politicus\" by Baruch Spinoza, the \"Encyclopédie\" of Denis Diderot, and the \"Dictionnaire philosophique\" of Voltaire.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ For many believers, the internal consistency of the Jewish and Christian scriptures is important because they feel that any inconsistencies or contradictions could challenge belief in truth of their contents and the view that they are of divine origin.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "Collective work __knowledge__ A collective work is a work that contains the works of several authors assembled and published under the direction of one natural or legal person who owns the copyright in the work as a whole.", "Collective work __knowledge__ Definitions vary considerably from one country to another, but usually treat ownership of the work as a whole as distinct from ownership of the individual contributions, so the individual authors may retain the right to publish their work elsewhere.", "Collective work __knowledge__ It is common for publication of articles on the Internet, when isolated from the context of the overall work, to be considered to be outside of the standard agreement between the author and the owner of the collective work.", "Biblical inspiration __knowledge__ Biblical inspiration is the doctrine in Christian theology that the authors and editors of the Bible were led or influenced by God with the result that their writings may be designated in some sense the word of God.", "Biblical inspiration __knowledge__ The word \"inspiration\" comes by way of Vulgate Latin and the King James English translations of the Greek word \"θεοπνευστος\" (\"theopneustos\", literally, \"God-breathed\") found in : When Jerome translated the Greek text of the Bible into the language of the common people of Latium (the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome is located), he translated the Greek \"theopneustos\" as \"divinitus inspirata\" (\"divinely breathed into\").", "Edited volume __knowledge__ An edited volume or edited collection is a collection of scholarly or scientific chapters written by different authors.", "Edited volume __knowledge__ The chapters in an edited volume are original works (not republished works).", "Edited volume __knowledge__ Alternative terms for edited volume are \"contributed volume\", \"edited collection\" and \"multiauthor volume\".", "Edited volume __knowledge__ All these terms emphasize that the book is a collection of chapters contributed by different authors and harmonized by an editor.", "Edited volume __knowledge__ Edited volumes are of interest in academic publishing because they present different viewpoints and experiences on a common theme.", "Edited volume __knowledge__ An edited volume is unlike an anthology, which is a collection of republished short literary works by different authors." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 1 ]

[ "The bible is a collection of sacred texts", "Many different authors contribted to the bible ", "Jews and christians consider it to be a product of divine inspiration " ]

[ "Bible", "Bible", "Bible" ]

[ "Overwatch (video game)\nI play video games a lot, my favorite is Overwatch.", "That's correct. Do you play it?", "Do you like online first person shooters?", "What consoles is it released on?", "Do you own any of those systems?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The team-based first person shooter video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released in May 2016, features 26 playable characters (heroes) and a number of supporting characters as part of the game's narrative, which is told through animated media and digital comics outside of the game.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The story of \"Overwatch\" takes place on Earth in the \"near future\" in the years after the \"Omnic Crisis,\" a period in which robots (called \"omnics\") rose up in rebellion worldwide, and the United Nations formed an elite group called Overwatch to combat them.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ Overwatch was disbanded years later under a cloud of suspicion, but its former members have returned to the fore in light of new threats to humanity.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is a team-based first-person shooter developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in June 2016.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game, while having several different play modes, generally features two teams of six players each, selecting pre-made heroes from the game's roster, to either attack or defend various objective points on the game's maps.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game supports causal game modes as well as ranked competitive play.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ Since release, \"Overwatch\" has been both critically and financially successful, with a player base of 35 million players as of October 2017.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The development of \"Overwatch\" started in the fallout following Blizzard's decision to cancel continued development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\" around 2013.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer (also known by her real name, Lena Oxton) is a player character appearing in the 2016 video game \"Overwatch\", a Blizzard Entertainment–developed first-person shooter, and its related animated and literary media.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer is from the \"Overwatch\" universe, but she was first introduced as a playable character in an April 2016 update for Blizzard's crossover multiplayer online battle arena game, \"Heroes of the Storm\", a month before \"Overwatch\"s official release.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ The character, who is of British origin, has been noted by video game outlets to be both peppy and energetic.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ In-game, Tracer is weak in terms of health but is highly mobile, making use of her teleportation and time traveling abilities.", "Loot box __knowledge__ In video games, a loot box (sometimes loot crate or prize crate, among other names) is a consumable virtual item which can be redeemed to receive a randomised selection of further virtual items, ranging from simple customization options for a player's avatar or character, to game-changing equipment such as weapons and armor.", "Loot box __knowledge__ A loot box is typically a form of monetisation, with players either buying the boxes directly or receiving the boxes during play and later buying \"keys\" with which to redeem them.", "Loot box __knowledge__ These systems may also be known as \"gacha\" (based on \"gashapon\" - capsule toys) and integrated into gacha games.", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ The Overwatch League (abbreviated as OWL) is a professional eSports league for the video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment which also oversees the League.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ The Overwatch League aims to follow the model of traditional North American professional sports, using a set of permanent teams and regular season play, rather than the use of promotion and relegation used commonly in other eSports leagues.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ Each team franchise is backed by an owner, and players that are signed onto the team are assured a minimum annual salary, benefits, and a portion of winnings and revenue-sharing based on how that team performs in the season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Chain Reaction (game show) __knowledge__ Chain Reaction is an American game show created by Bob Stewart, in which players compete to form chains composed of two-word phrases.", "Chain Reaction (game show) __knowledge__ The show has aired four separate runs: Bill Cullen hosted the original series on NBC from January 14 to June 20, 1980.", "Chain Reaction (game show) __knowledge__ The second version aired on the USA Network from September 29, 1986 to December 27, 1991 and was hosted first by Blake Emmons and later by Geoff Edwards.", "Chain Reaction (game show) __knowledge__ A third version on GSN aired on March 29, 2006 hosted by Tim Vincent but only hosted the pilot.", "Chain Reaction (game show) __knowledge__ The series was given to Dylan Lane which aired from August 1, 2006 until June 9, 2007.", "Chain Reaction (game show) __knowledge__ A fourth version, also on GSN, was announced on January 26, 2015, with Vincent Rubino as executive producer and hosted by Mike Catherwood.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30, 1964, and aired until January 3, 1975.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ A weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, \"The All-New Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ \", ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10, 1984.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The Joker's Wild is an American television game show that has aired at different times since the 1970s.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ Contestants answer questions based on categories determined randomly by a mechanism resembling a slot machine.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The show's title refers to the game's slot-machine mechanism also having jokers.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The show was billed as \"the game where knowledge is king and lady luck is queen\", and was notable for being the first successful game show produced by Jack Barry after his company's role in the quiz show scandals during the late 1950s.", "The Joker's Wild __knowledge__ The success of the series led in part to the reformation of Barry & Enright Productions in the 1970s, which reunited Barry with his partner Dan Enright.", "Swing timing __knowledge__ Swing timing is concerned with the inter-relationships between ball sports hitting implements and the related anatomical parts of players, in the motor skill of striking sports balls as used in various games.", "Swing timing __knowledge__ More specifically, swing timing commonly refers to the efficiency of ball hitting or kicking skills by achieving optimum power at instant of ball impact.", "Swing timing __knowledge__ Furthermore, swing timing also refers to the inter-relationship between optimum power as generated and the intended point of ball contact.", "Swing timing __knowledge__ Perfect swing timing is therefore achieved when ball is struck with optimum power, with least energy expenditure, and at contact point that achieves the desired direction and velocity of ball after impact.", "The Singing Bee (Philippine game show) __knowledge__ The Philippine version of The Singing Bee premiered April 21, 2008 on ABS-CBN.", "The Singing Bee (Philippine game show) __knowledge__ A combinination of karaoke singing and a spelling bee-style competition, this show features contestants trying to remember the lyrics to popular songs.", "The Singing Bee (Philippine game show) __knowledge__ In each episode, six contestants will be selected from the audience to play a series of games that test their knowledge of song lyrics.", "The Singing Bee (Philippine game show) __knowledge__ If a contestant makes an error, he or she will forfeit her chance to get into the \"musical chairs\".", "The Singing Bee (Philippine game show) __knowledge__ If a contestant is not in a musical chair when the round is over, he or she is eliminated.", "The Singing Bee (Philippine game show) __knowledge__ The grand prize is P1,000,000.", "The Singing Bee (Philippine game show) __knowledge__ It is currently hosted by Amy Perez and Roderick Paulate for season six and seven.", "History of the Scots language __knowledge__ The history of the Scots language refers to how Anglic varieties spoken in parts of Scotland developed into modern Scots.", "History of the Scots language __knowledge__ Speakers of Northumbrian Old English settled in south eastern Scotland in the 7th century, at which time Celtic Brythonic was spoken in the south of Scotland to a little way north of the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde, and Pictish was spoken further north: almost nothing is known today about the Pictish language.", "History of the Scots language __knowledge__ At the same time Gaelic speakers began to spread from the Western Coast of Scotland north of the Clyde into the east.", "History of the Scots language __knowledge__ Over the next five hundred years with the founding of Scotland and spread of Christianity across the north of Britain by the Columban Church the Gaelic language slowly moved eastwards and southwards across the lowlands.", "Elachista stelviella __knowledge__ Elachista stelviella is a moth in the Elachistidae family.", "Elachista stelviella __knowledge__ It was described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1932.", "Elachista stelviella __knowledge__ It is found in South Tyrol, Italy.", "Förste sergeant __knowledge__ Förste Sergeant (First Sergeant) is a Swedish military rank above Sergeant (Sweden) and below Fanjunkare.", "Förste sergeant __knowledge__ First Sergeant is an entry or transitional level professional rank awarded after a minimum of 6 months of basic training followed by 18 months (3 semesters) of professional training.", "Förste sergeant __knowledge__ A typical role of a First Sergeant is to act as a section commander of 6-12 men or platoon 2 I/C.", "Förste sergeant __knowledge__ Corresponding ranks in the Navy are Förste styrman, Förste maskinist, and Förste konstapel.", "Förste sergeant __knowledge__ Short route: Three months of Basic Military Training (GMU), three months of Extended Military Training (KMU) followed by 18 months of professional specialist training.", "Modern Scots __knowledge__ Modern Scots comprises the varieties of Scots traditionally spoken in Lowland Scotland, and parts of Ulster, from 1700.", "Modern Scots __knowledge__ Throughout its history, Modern Scots has been undergoing a process of language attrition, whereby successive generations of speakers have adopted more and more features from English.", "Modern Scots __knowledge__ This process of language contact has accelerated rapidly since widespread access to mass media in English, and increased population mobility became available after the Second World War.", "Modern Scots __knowledge__ It has recently taken on the nature of wholesale language shift towards Scottish English, sometimes also termed language change, convergence or merger.", "Doric dialect (Scotland) __knowledge__ Doric, the popular name for Mid Northern Scots or Northeast Scots, refers to the Scots language as spoken in the northeast of Scotland.", "Doric dialect (Scotland) __knowledge__ There is an extensive body of literature, mostly poetry, ballads, and songs.", "Doric dialect (Scotland) __knowledge__ The term \"Doric\" was formerly used to refer to all dialects of Lowland Scots, but during the twentieth century it became increasingly associated with Mid Northern Scots.", "Doric dialect (Scotland) __knowledge__ The name possibly originated as a jocular reference to the Doric dialect of the Ancient Greek language.", "Doric dialect (Scotland) __knowledge__ Greek Dorians lived in Laconia, including Sparta, and other more rural areas, and were alleged by the ancient Greeks to have spoken laconically and in a language thought harsher in tone and more phonetically conservative than the Attic spoken in Athens.", "Sergeant __knowledge__ Sergeant (abbreviated to Sgt and capitalised when used as a named person's title) is a rank in many uniformed organizations, principally military and policing forces.", "Sergeant __knowledge__ Its origin is the Latin \"serviens\", \"one who serves\", through the French term \"sergent\".", "Sergeant __knowledge__ The term \"sergeant\" refers to a non-commissioned officer placed above the rank of a corporal and a police officer immediately below a lieutenant or, in the UK below an Inspector.", "Sergeant __knowledge__ In most armies the rank of sergeant corresponds to command of a squad (or section).", "Sergeant __knowledge__ In Commonwealth armies, it is a more senior rank, corresponding roughly to a platoon second-in-command.", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ Bilingual education involves teaching academic content in two languages, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program model.", "Bilingual education __knowledge__ The following are several different types of bilingual education program models: Dual Immersion classrooms encourage students but with the permission it may be enthusiastic &' native language development, making an important contribution to heritage language maintenance and allows language minority students to remain in classrooms with their native English-speaking peers, resulting in linguistic and sociocultural advantages (Christian, 1996b)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "First-person shooter __knowledge__ First-person shooter (FPS) is a video game genre centered around gun and other weapon-based combat in a first-person perspective; that is, the player experiences the action through the eyes of the protagonist.", "First-person shooter __knowledge__ The genre shares common traits with other shooter games, which in turn makes it fall under the heading action game.", "First-person shooter __knowledge__ Since the genre's inception, advanced 3D and pseudo-3D graphics have challenged hardware development, and multiplayer gaming has been integral.", "First-person shooter __knowledge__ The first-person shooter genre has been traced as far back as \"Maze War\", development of which began in 1973, and 1974's \"Spasim\".", "First-person shooter __knowledge__ Later, and after more playful titles like \"MIDI Maze\" in 1987, the genre coalesced into a more wantonly violent form with 1992's \"Wolfenstein 3D\", which has been credited with creating the genre's basic archetype, that subsequent titles were based upon.", "Third-person shooter __knowledge__ Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the player character is visible on-screen, and the gameplay consists primarily of shooting.", "Third-person shooter __knowledge__ A third-person shooter is a game structured around shooting, and in which the player can see the avatar on-screen in a third-person view.", "Third-person shooter __knowledge__ A 3D game type that has grown to prominence in recent years, especially on consoles.", "Third-person shooter __knowledge__ It combines the shooting elements of the first-person shooter with the jumping and climbing puzzles of a 3D platformer and a simple melee fighting system from a brawler.", "Third-person shooter __knowledge__ Third-person shooter games almost always incorporate an aim-assist feature, since aiming from a third-person camera is difficult.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ A video game genre is a specific category of games related by similar gameplay characteristics.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres are not usually defined by the actual content of the game or its medium of play, but by its common challenge.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres may encompass a wide variety of games, leading to even more specific classifications called \"subgenres\".", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ For example, an action game can be classified into many subgenres such as platform games and fighting games.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Some games, most notably browser and mobile games, are commonly classified into multiple genres.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ The following is a list of all commonly defined video game genres, with short descriptions for individual genres and major subgenres.", "Cover system __knowledge__ A cover system is a video game gameplay mechanic that allows a virtual avatar to hide from and avoid dangers, usually in a three-dimensional world.", "Cover system __knowledge__ This method is a digital adaptation of the real-life military tactic of taking cover behind obstacles, for purposes of attaining protection from enemy ranged or area effect attacks, such as gunfire or explosions.", "Cover system __knowledge__ In gaming, a cover system lets a player character use stationary or moving obstacles to avoid damage.", "Cover system __knowledge__ To be considered a cover system, there must be some physical interaction with the source of cover and the avatar.", "Cover system __knowledge__ This means moving to stand in a position behind an object, as in traditional shooter games, while strictly speaking would be classified as \"taking cover\", does not qualify as an actual cover system in terms of video game mechanics.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Tactical shooter __knowledge__ A tactical shooter is a subgenre of shooter game that includes both first-person shooting and third-person shooting.", "Tactical shooter __knowledge__ These games simulate realistic combat, thus making tactics and caution more important than quick reflexes in other action games.", "Tactical shooter __knowledge__ Tactical shooters involving military combat are sometimes known as \"soldier sims\".", "Tactical shooter __knowledge__ According to IGN, tactical shooters \"are about caution, care, cooperation, coordination, planning, and pacing.", "Tactical shooter __knowledge__ In these games, making decisive pushes, quick moves for cover, strategic retreats, and last ditch grabs at the gold are not only important to success, but balanced in such a way that they become enjoyable activities in play.\"", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ Esports: video games which are played in professional competitions, usually fall into a few major genres.", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ The majority of eSports titles are fighting games, first-person shooters (FPS), real-time strategy (RTS), or multiplayer online battle arena games (MOBA), with the MOBA genre being the most popular in terms of participation and viewership.", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ The following is a selection of games which currently have or had a professional scene, sorted by genre and ordered roughly chronologically.", "List of eSports games __knowledge__ Fighting games were among the earliest games to be in tournaments, with the founding of what would become the Evolution Championship Series in 1999.", "Massively multiplayer online first-person shooter game __knowledge__ Massively multiplayer online first-person shooter game (MMOFPS) mixes the genres of first-person shooter and massively multiplayer online games, possibly in the form of web browser-based games, in which a very large number of players interact with one another within a virtual world.", "Massively multiplayer online first-person shooter game __knowledge__ In other words, an MMOFPS is a real-time, online gaming experience to be played within a massive in-game area which features a large number of simultaneous players in a first-person shooter fashion.", "Massively multiplayer online first-person shooter game __knowledge__ These games provide large-scale, sometimes team-based combat.", "Massively multiplayer online first-person shooter game __knowledge__ However, due to the inherent fast-paced, strategic nature of this genre, players must rely on their physical coordination and cognition, and thus, there is an emphasis towards player skill rather than player statistics, as no number of in-game bonuses, or similar, will compensate for a player's inability to aim and think tactically.", "Pie in the Sky (game engine) __knowledge__ Pie in the Sky is a 2.5D and 3D first person shooter engine most popular in the mid-to-late 1990s by Pie in the Sky Software, also known as Power 3D and the 3D Game Creation or 3D Game Creation System engine.", "Pie in the Sky (game engine) __knowledge__ The engine was used in two games by the company as well as many other independent games and amateur projects after it was turned into a game creator, largely because it minimized the amount of computer programming knowledge needed to make 3D games in its editing tools.", "Pie in the Sky (game engine) __knowledge__ The company, formed principally by programmer Kevin Stokes, first dabbled in 3D computer graphics by creating a modestly popular TSR 3D screen saver called InnerMission in 1987.", "First Person Shooter (The X-Files) __knowledge__ \"First Person Shooter\" is the thirteenth episode of the seventh season of the science fiction television series \"The X-Files\".", "First Person Shooter (The X-Files) __knowledge__ It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on February 27, 2000.", "First Person Shooter (The X-Files) __knowledge__ The episode is a \"Monster-of-the-Week\" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology.", "First Person Shooter (The X-Files) __knowledge__ \"First Person Shooter\" earned a Nielsen household rating of 9.3, being watched by 15.31 million people in its initial broadcast.", "First Person Shooter (The X-Files) __knowledge__ The episode received mostly negative reviews from critics.", "First Person Shooter (The X-Files) __knowledge__ The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files.", "Karma II __knowledge__ Karma: Operation Barbarossa (Korean: 카르마2, and also known as Karma 2) is a free online First Person Shooter game developed by Dragonfly, Futureport, and Blueside, and it is distributed by Dragonfly.", "Karma II __knowledge__ It is the sequel to Karma Online, which was the first online First Person Shooter game in South Korea.", "Karma II __knowledge__ Karma: Operation Barbarossa was planned to be published in North America by free-to-play publisher ijji, but has recently been officially canceled.", "Karma II __knowledge__ However, on March 2011, Joymax picked up the rights to publish the game globally under the name, Karma Online: Prisoners Of The Dead.", "Karma II __knowledge__ In 1941, Germany conquered most of the continent of Europe and the Soviet Union fight back against the ever expanding Germany.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Video gaming is relatively a new sector in Bangladesh.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Games have been developed since 2002, mostly independently.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ However, from 2014, some IT companies have started to develop video games commercially.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Some research has been carried out at various universities for the betterment of the video game development sector.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Apple Soft IT is one of the first video game companies in Bangladesh, and was established in 2011.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ It is a game developing company in Bangladesh.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Red Cloud 71 was its first product of Applesoft IT.", "Video gaming in Bangladesh __knowledge__ Video gaming was introduced in the country through arcade gaming through a significant growth during the late 1990s because of the availability of personal computers at lower prices." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "Video game console __knowledge__ A video game console is an electronic, digital or computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play.", "Video game console __knowledge__ The term \"video game console\" is primarily used to distinguish a console machine primarily designed for consumers to use for playing video games, in contrast to arcade machines or home computers.", "Video game console __knowledge__ An arcade machine consists of a video game computer, display, game controller (joystick, buttons, etc.)", "Video game console __knowledge__ and speakers housed in large chassis.", "Video game console __knowledge__ A home computer is a personal computer designed for home use for a variety of purposes, such as bookkeeping, accessing the Internet and playing video games.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Home video game console __knowledge__ A home video game console, or simply home console, is a video game device that is primarily used for home gamers, as opposed to in arcades or some other commercial establishment.", "Home video game console __knowledge__ Home consoles are one type of video game consoles, in contrast to the handheld game consoles which are smaller and portable, allowing people to carry them and play them at any time or place, along with microconsoles and dedicated consoles.", "Home video game console __knowledge__ Below is a timeline of each generation with the top three home video consoles of each generation based on worldwide sales.", "Home video game console __knowledge__ For a complete list of home video consoles released in each generation please see the respective article of each generation.", "Console game __knowledge__ A console game is a form of interactive multimedia used for entertainment.", "Console game __knowledge__ The game consists of manipulable images (and usually sounds) generated by a video game console and displayed on a television or similar audio-video system.", "Console game __knowledge__ The game itself is usually controlled and manipulated using a handheld device connected to the console, called a controller.", "Console game __knowledge__ The controller generally contains a number of buttons and directional controls, (such as analogue joysticks), each of which has been assigned a purpose for interacting with and controlling the images on the screen.", "Console game __knowledge__ The display, speakers, console, and controls of a console can also be incorporated into one small object known as a handheld game.", "Fifth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ The fifth-generation era (also known as the 32-bit era, the 64-bit era and the 3D era) refers to computer and video games, video game consoles and video game handhelds from approximately 1993 to 2001.", "Fifth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ For home consoles, the best-selling console was the PlayStation by a wide margin, followed by the Nintendo 64 and then the Sega Saturn.", "Fifth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ For handhelds, this era was characterized by significant fragmentation, because the first handheld of the generation, the Genesis Nomad, had a lifespan of just two years, and the Virtual Boy had a lifespan of less than one.", "Fifth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ Both were discontinued before the other handhelds made their debut.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ The Nintendo Switch is the seventh major video game console developed by Nintendo.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ Known in development by its codename NX, it was unveiled in October 2016 and was released worldwide on March 3, 2017.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ Nintendo considers the Switch a \"hybrid\" console: it is designed primarily as a home console, with the main unit inserted onto a docking station to connect to a television.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ Alternatively, it can be removed from the dock and used similarly to a tablet computer through its LCD touchscreen, or placed in a standalone tabletop mode visible to several players.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ The Nintendo Switch uses the wireless Joy-Con controllers, which include standard buttons and directional analog sticks for user input, motion sensing, and high-definition tactile feedback.", "Wii __knowledge__ The Wii ( ) is a home video game console released by Nintendo on November 19, 2006.", "Wii __knowledge__ As a seventh-generation console, the Wii competed with Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Sony's PlayStation 3.", "Wii __knowledge__ Nintendo states that its console targets a broader demographic than that of the two others.", "Wii __knowledge__ , the Wii leads its generation over PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in worldwide sales, with more than 101 million units sold; in December 2009, the console broke the sales record for a single month in the United States.", "Wii __knowledge__ The Wii introduced the Wii Remote controller, which can be used as a handheld pointing device and which detects movement in three dimensions.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ StarCraft is a military science fiction media franchise, created by Chris Metzen and James Phinney and owned by Blizzard Entertainment.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ The series, set in the beginning of the 26th century, centers on a galactic struggle for dominance among four species—the adaptable and mobile Terrans, the ever-evolving insectoid Zerg, the powerfully enigmatic Protoss, and the \"god-like\" Xel'Naga creator race—in a distant part of the Milky Way galaxy known as the Koprulu Sector.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ The series debuted with the video game \"StarCraft\" in 1998.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ Since then it has grown to include a number of other games as well as eight novelizations, two \"Amazing Stories\" articles, a , and other licensed merchandise such as collectible statues and toys.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ StarCraft is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows on March 31, 1998.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ The game later spawned a franchise, and is the first game of the \"StarCraft\" series.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ A Classic Mac OS version was released in 1999, and a Nintendo 64 adaptation co-developed with Mass Media was released on June 13, 2000.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ Work on the game started shortly after \"\" release in 1995.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ \"StarCraft\" debuted at the 1996 E3, where it was unfavorably compared to \"Warcraft II\".", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ As a result, the project was entirely overhauled and then showcased to public in early 1997, receiving a far more positive response.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. is an American video game developer and publisher based in Irvine, California, and is a subsidiary of the American company Activision Blizzard.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ The company was founded on February 8, 1991, under the name Silicon & Synapse by three graduates of the University of California, Los Angeles: Michael Morhaime, Frank Pearce, and Allen Adham.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ The company originally concentrated on the creation of game ports for other studios before beginning development of their own software in 1993 with games like \"Rock n' Roll Racing\" and \"The Lost Vikings\".", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ In 1994 the company became Chaos Studios, Inc., then Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. after being acquired by distributor Davidson & Associates.", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Christopher Vincent \"Chris\" Metzen (born November 22, 1973) is an American game designer, artist, voice actor, and author known for his work creating the fictional universes and scripts for Blizzard Entertainment's three major award-winning media franchises: \"Warcraft\", \"Diablo\" and \"StarCraft\".", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ On occasion, Metzen has published his art under the alias \"Thundergod.\"", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Metzen was hired by Blizzard Entertainment as an animator and an artist; his first work for the company was with the video game \"Justice League Task Force\".", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Metzen was the Senior Vice President of Story and Franchise Development at Blizzard Entertainment and assisted the company's projects by providing voice talent for a number of characters, as well as contributing to artistic character design.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ It is the fourth released game set in the \"Warcraft\" fantasy universe.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ \"World of Warcraft\" takes place within the \"Warcraft\" world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events at the conclusion of Blizzard's previous \"Warcraft\" release, \".\"", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment announced \"World of Warcraft\" on September 2, 2001.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The game was released on November 23, 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the \"Warcraft\" franchise.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The first expansion of the game, , was released on January 16, 2007.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ Blizzard North was the Bay Area division of Blizzard Entertainment, known for its \"Diablo\" series.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ The studio was originally based in Redwood City, California, before moving a short distance away to San Mateo, with Blizzard proper being based in Irvine, southern California.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ Blizzard North was founded in 1993 under the name Condor by David Brevik, Erich Schaefer and Max Schaefer at the request of Brevik.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ David Brevik served as the president of the company between 1993-2003, while the Schaefer brothers held the Vice President positions in the company.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ The company was purchased and renamed as Blizzard North by Blizzard Entertainment's former owner Davidson & Associates about nine months before the release of their hit PC game \"Diablo\" in 1996.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ Diablo III is a dungeon crawler action role-playing video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ It is the third installment in the \"Diablo\" franchise and was released in the Americas, Europe, South Korea, and Taiwan on May 15, 2012, and Russia on June 7, 2012, for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ A console version was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on September 3, 2013.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ Versions for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One were released on August 19, 2014.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ In the game, players choose one of seven character classes – Barbarian, Crusader, Demon Hunter, Monk, Necromancer, Witch Doctor or Wizard (with the Crusader being unavailable unless the player has purchased the expansion pack, \"\" and the Necromancer added later as separate online purchase) – and are tasked with defeating the Lord of Terror, Diablo." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "BAE Systems __knowledge__ BAE Systems plc is a British multinational defence, security, and aerospace company.", "BAE Systems __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in London in the United Kingdom and it has operations worldwide.", "BAE Systems __knowledge__ It is among the world's largest defence companies; it was ranked as the third-largest based on applicable 2015 revenues.", "BAE Systems __knowledge__ Its largest operations are in the United Kingdom and United States, where its BAE Systems Inc. subsidiary is one of the six largest suppliers to the US Department of Defense.", "BAE Systems __knowledge__ Other major markets include Australia, India, and Saudi Arabia, which account for about 20% of BAE's overall sales.", "BAE Systems __knowledge__ It is the biggest manufacturer in Britain.", "Systems theory __knowledge__ Systems theory is the interdisciplinary study of systems.", "Systems theory __knowledge__ A system is a cohesive conglomeration of interrelated and interdependent parts that is either natural or man-made.", "Systems theory __knowledge__ Every system is delineated by its spatial and temporal boundaries, surrounded and influenced by its environment, described by its structure and purpose or nature and expressed in its functioning.", "Systems theory __knowledge__ In terms of its effects, a system can be more than the sum of its parts if it expresses synergy or emergent behavior.", "Systems theory __knowledge__ Changing one part of the system usually affects other parts and the whole system, with predictable patterns of behavior.", "Operating system __knowledge__ An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.", "Operating system __knowledge__ Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.", "Operating system __knowledge__ For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it.", "File system __knowledge__ In computing, a file system or filesystem is used to control how data is stored and retrieved.", "File system __knowledge__ Without a file system, information placed in a storage medium would be one large body of data with no way to tell where one piece of information stops and the next begins.", "File system __knowledge__ By separating the data into pieces and giving each piece a name, the information is easily isolated and identified.", "File system __knowledge__ Taking its name from the way paper-based information systems are named, each group of data is called a \"file\".", "File system __knowledge__ The structure and logic rules used to manage the groups of information and their names is called a \"file system\".", "Systems engineering __knowledge__ Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering and engineering management that focuses on how to design and manage complex systems over their life cycles.", "Systems engineering __knowledge__ At its core, systems engineering utilizes systems thinking principles to organize this body of knowledge.", "Systems engineering __knowledge__ Issues such as requirements engineering, reliability, logistics, \"coordination\" of different teams, testing and evaluation, maintainability and many other disciplines necessary for successful system development, design, implementation, and ultimate decommission become more difficult when dealing with large or complex projects.", "Photovoltaic system __knowledge__ A photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.", "Photovoltaic system __knowledge__ It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to change the electric current from DC to AC, as well as mounting, cabling, and other electrical accessories to set up a working system.", "Photovoltaic system __knowledge__ It may also use a solar tracking system to improve the system's overall performance and include an integrated battery solution, as prices for storage devices are expected to decline.", "Information system __knowledge__ An information system (IS) is an organized system for the collection, organization, storage and communication of information.", "Information system __knowledge__ More specifically, it is the study of complementary networks that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and distribute data.", "Information system __knowledge__ \"An information system (IS) is a group of components that interact to produce information.", "Information system __knowledge__ It focuses on the internal rather than the external.\"", "Information system __knowledge__ A computer information system is a system that a branch of Science composed of people and computers that processes or interprets information.", "Information system __knowledge__ The term is also sometimes used in more restricted senses to refer to only the software used to run a computerized database or to refer to only a computer system.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "PlayStation 4 __knowledge__ PlayStation 4 (PS4) is a line of eighth-generation home video game consoles developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment.", "PlayStation 4 __knowledge__ Announced as the successor to the PlayStation 3 during a press conference on February 20, 2013, it was launched on November 15 in North America, November 29 in Europe, South America and Australia; and February 22, 2014, in Japan.", "PlayStation 4 __knowledge__ It competes with Nintendo's Wii U and Switch, and Microsoft's Xbox One.", "PlayStation 4 __knowledge__ Moving away from the more complex Cell microarchitecture of its predecessor, the console features an AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU) built upon the x86-64 architecture, which can theoretically peak at 1.84 teraflops; AMD stated that it was the \"most powerful\" APU it had developed to date.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes (also known as Disney Infinity 2.0 Edition) is an action-adventure sandbox toys-to-life video game developed by Avalanche Software and published by Disney Interactive Studios.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ The game features additional work by Studio Gobo and Ninja Theory.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ It is the sequel and successor of the 2013 video game \"Disney Infinity\" and was announced on April 8, 2014.", "Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes __knowledge__ The game was released on September 23, 2014 in North America, September 19, 2014 in the United Kingdom, September 18, 2014 in Australia and the rest of Europe for iOS, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Wii U, Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360 and Xbox One, and for PlayStation Vita on May 9, 2015.", "Rocket League __knowledge__ Rocket League is a vehicular soccer video game developed and published by Psyonix.", "Rocket League __knowledge__ The game was first released for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation 4 in July 2015, with ports for Xbox One, OS X, Linux, and Nintendo Switch later being released.", "Rocket League __knowledge__ In June 2016, 505 Games began distributing a physical retail version for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, with Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment taking over those duties by the end of 2017.", "Rocket League __knowledge__ Described as \"soccer, but with rocket-powered cars\", \"Rocket League\" has one to four players assigned to each of the two teams, using rocket-powered vehicles to hit a ball into their opponent's goal and score points over the course of a match.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "PlayStation __knowledge__ The original console in the series was the first video game console to ship 100 million units, 9 years and 6 months after its initial launch.", "PlayStation __knowledge__ Its successor, the PlayStation 2, was released in 2000.", "PlayStation __knowledge__ The PlayStation 2 is the best-selling home console to date, having reached over 155 million units sold as of December 28, 2012.", "PlayStation __knowledge__ Sony's next console, the PlayStation 3, was released in 2006 and has sold over 80 million consoles worldwide as of November 2013.", "PlayStation __knowledge__ Sony's latest console, the PlayStation 4, was released in 2013, selling 1 million consoles in its first 24 hours on sale, becoming the fastest selling console in history.", "Minecraft: Story Mode __knowledge__ Minecraft: Story Mode is an episodic point-and-click graphic adventure video game developed and published by Telltale Games, based on the sandbox video game \"Minecraft\".", "Minecraft: Story Mode __knowledge__ The first five episodes of the game were released between October 2015 through March 2016, and an additional three episodes were released as downloadable content in mid-2016.", "Minecraft: Story Mode __knowledge__ The game was released for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Wii U, Nintendo Switch, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Android, iOS, and Apple TV.", "Minecraft: Story Mode __knowledge__ The game was developed in association with Mojang, the original developer of \"Minecraft\".", "Minecraft: Story Mode __knowledge__ A retail version was released in December 2016." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 2, 2 ]

[ "that is a team based mulitplayer game ", "No I read about it and it was a online first person shooter game", "Yes it was developed and publiished by Blizzard Entertainment\\", "Playstation 4 Xbox 1 and windows", "I have playstation 4 and Overwatch was released in 2016" ]

[ "Overwatch (video game)", "Overwatch (video game)", "Overwatch (video game)", "Overwatch (video game)", "Overwatch (video game)" ]

[ "Running\nI love to go running, Ive even been wanting to join a marathon but dont know too much about it though. ", "Yeah I suppose I'm more of a jogger, Do you know how many more calories a person burns running compared to walking? ", "Thats interesting. I generally jog in the mornings to prevent myself from getting sunburn. Do you do any jogging? ", "thats neat, I always knew there was a long history of runners, Say when was the first olympics for running held? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Chrissie Wellington __knowledge__ Christine Ann Wellington (born 18 February 1977) is an English former professional triathlete and four-time Ironman Triathlon World Champion.", "Chrissie Wellington __knowledge__ She holds, or held, all three world and championship records relating to ironman-distance triathlon races: firstly, the overall world record, secondly, the Ironman World Championship course record (from 2009 until Mirinda Carfrae lowered it in 2013), and thirdly, the official world record for all Ironman-branded triathlon races over the full Ironman distance.", "Chrissie Wellington __knowledge__ She won the World Championship in three consecutive years (2007–2009), but could not start the 2010 World Championship race because of illness, then – while suffering from injuries so severe that her former coach Brett Sutton said she should \"not even be on the start line\" – regained the title in 2011.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Umueze Anam is a community in Anambra West Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ It is said that Umueze Anam was founded by one hunter from Amadioba Nteje known as Nwavor in the 17th century.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ As a hunter, he used to hunt for game around the Omambala River when he found a peaceful peninsula across the river and settled there.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Nwavor was accused of having a hand in the death of his archrival a kinsman of his and in other to free himself from the accusation decided to leave Nteje and settle at Odah.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ He first arrived at a place called Odah Anam where he found a lot of wildlife and fertile land for agricultural purposes.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Central Park jogger case __knowledge__ The Central Park jogger case was a major news story that involved the assault, rape, and sodomy of Trisha Meili, a female jogger, and attacks on others in Manhattan's Central Park on the night of April 19, 1989.", "Central Park jogger case __knowledge__ The attack on the jogger left her in a coma for 12 days.", "Central Park jogger case __knowledge__ Meili was a 28-year-old investment banker at the time.", "Central Park jogger case __knowledge__ According to \"The New York Times\", the attacks were \"one of the most widely publicized crimes of the 1980s\".", "Central Park jogger case __knowledge__ The crime spawned use of the term \"wilding,\" which is the unprovoked gang assault on a stranger.", "Central Park jogger case __knowledge__ On the night of the attack, five juvenile males—four black and one of Hispanic descent—were apprehended in connection with a number of attacks in Central Park committed by around 30 teenage perpetrators.", "The Mad Pooper __knowledge__ The Mad Pooper is the nickname given to an unidentified woman in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States, who repeatedly defecated in public while jogging during the summer months of 2017.", "The Mad Pooper __knowledge__ While she has primarily targeted one family's property, she has not used it exclusively, leaving some of her excrement at other sites nearby.", "The Mad Pooper __knowledge__ Photographs of her have been made public, but neither she nor anyone who knows her has come forward with further information that might identify her.", "The Mad Pooper __knowledge__ Police believe the woman's actions are intentional, since there are several public toilets within a block of the family's house that she could use.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Racial views of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump, the President of the United States, has a history of making racially-charged remarks and taking actions perceived as racist or racially-motivated.", "Racial views of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In 1973, he was sued by the U.S. Department of Justice for housing discrimination against black renters.", "Racial views of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In 2016, he was accused of racism for insisting in 1989, and maintaining as late as 2016, that a group of black and Latino teenagers were guilty of raping a white woman in the 1989 Central Park jogger case even after, in 2002, Matias Reyes, a serial rapist in prison, confessed to raping the jogger alone, and DNA evidence confirmed his guilt.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Diet plays an important role in the genesis of obesity.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Personal choices, advertising, social customs and cultural influences, as well as food availability and pricing all play a role in determining what and how much an individual eats.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The dietary energy supply is the food available for human consumption, usually expressed in kilocalories per person per day.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It gives an overestimate of the total amount of food consumed as it reflects both food consumed and food wasted.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The per capita dietary energy supply varies markedly between different regions and countries.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It has also changed significantly over time.", "Basal metabolic rate __knowledge__ Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest.", "Basal metabolic rate __knowledge__ It is reported in energy units per unit time ranging from watt (joule/second) to ml O/min or joule per hour per kg body mass J/(h·kg).", "Basal metabolic rate __knowledge__ Proper measurement requires a strict set of criteria be met.", "Basal metabolic rate __knowledge__ These criteria include being in a physically and psychologically undisturbed state, in a thermally neutral environment, while in the post-absorptive state (i.e., not actively digesting food).", "Basal metabolic rate __knowledge__ In bradymetabolic animals, such as fish and reptiles, the equivalent term standard metabolic rate (SMR) is used.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples is the fifth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season premiered on January 1, 2008 with ten overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ This season featured Alison Sweeney as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels; all three returning from season four.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Although the contestants came in as teams of two (couples), the grand prize was eventually awarded to an individual.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ In the end Ali Vincent won, making her the first female winner in the history of the United States \"Biggest Loser\" series.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "G.992.5 __knowledge__ ITU G.992.5 (also referred to as ADSL2+, G.dmt.bis+, and G.adslplus) is an International Telecommunication Union standard for asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) broadband Internet access.", "G.992.5 __knowledge__ The standard has a maximum theoretical download speed of 24 Mbit/s.", "G.992.5 __knowledge__ Utilizing G.992.5 Annex M upload speeds of 3.3 Mbit/s can be achieved.", "G.992.5 __knowledge__ ADSL2+ extends the capability of basic ADSL by doubling the number of downstream channels.", "G.992.5 __knowledge__ The data rates can be as high as 24 Mbit/s downstream and up to 1.4 Mbit/s upstream depending on the distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises.", "G.992.5 __knowledge__ ADSL2+ is capable of doubling the frequency band of typical ADSL connections from 1.1 MHz to 2.2 MHz.", "Fiber to the premises by country __knowledge__ This article lists the deployment of fiber to the premises, fiber to the home and fiber to the building by country.", "Fiber to the premises by country __knowledge__ In Kenya, the home entertainment and communication services provider, Zuku, offers fiber-based Triple-Play bundle (Broadband Internet, TV and phone) packages at speeds of 1, 10, 20 and 50 Mbit/s in most areas of Nairobi and Mombasa.", "Fiber to the premises by country __knowledge__ Another fiber service is Faiba provided by Jamii Telecommunications Ltd.(JTL).", "Fiber to the premises by country __knowledge__ They offer packages at speeds of 5, 10, 15 and 20 Mbit/s for residential customers and 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 Mbit/s for businesses.", "Fiber to the premises by country __knowledge__ 34 out of the 47 counties of Kenya have been connected to the National Optical Fibre Backbone Infrastructure (NOFBI).", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ Sprinting involves a quick acceleration phase followed by a velocity maintenance phase.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ During the initial stage of sprinting, the runners have their upper body tilted forward in order to direct ground reaction forces more horizontally.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ As they reach their maximum velocity, the torso straightens out into an upright position.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ The goal of sprinting is to reach and maintain high top speeds to cover a set distance in the shortest possible time.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ A lot of research has been invested in quantifying the biological factors and mathematics that govern sprinting.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ In order to achieve these high velocities, it has been found that sprinters have to apply a large amount of force onto the ground to achieve the desired acceleration, rather than taking more rapid steps.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ Broadband is a term normally considered to be synonymous with a high-speed connection to the internet.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ Suitability for certain applications, or technically a certain quality of service, is often assumed.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ For instance, low round trip delay (or \"latency\" in milliseconds) would normally be assumed to be well under 150ms and suitable for Voice over IP, online gaming, financial trading especially arbitrage, virtual private networks and other latency-sensitive applications.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ This would rule out satellite Internet as inherently high-latency.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ In some applications, utility-grade reliability (measured for example in seconds per 30 years outage time as in the PSTN network) or security (say AES-128 as required for smart grid applications in the US) are often also assumed or defined as requirements.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is a form of trotting or running at a slow or leisurely pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The main intention is to increase physical fitness with less stress on the body than from faster running, or to maintain a steady speed for longer periods of time.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Performed over long distances, it is a form of aerobic endurance training.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is running at a gentle pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The definition of jogging as compared with running is not standard.", "Jogging __knowledge__ One definition describes jogging as running slower than .", "Jogging __knowledge__ Running is sometimes defined as requiring a moment of no contact to the ground, whereas jogging often sustains the contact.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is also distinguished from running by having a wider lateral spacing of foot strikes, creating side-to-side movement that likely adds stability at slower speeds or when coordination is lacking.", "PowerPC 600 __knowledge__ The PowerPC 600 family was the first family of PowerPC processors built.", "PowerPC 600 __knowledge__ They were designed at the Somerset facility in Austin, Texas, jointly funded and staffed by engineers from IBM and Motorola as a part of the AIM alliance.", "PowerPC 600 __knowledge__ Somerset was opened in 1992 and its goal was to make the first PowerPC processor and then keep designing general purpose PowerPC processors for personal computers.", "PowerPC 600 __knowledge__ The first incarnation became the PowerPC 601 in 1993, and the second generation soon followed with the PowerPC 603, PowerPC 604 and the 64-bit PowerPC 620.", "PowerPC 600 __knowledge__ The PowerPC 601 was the first generation of microprocessors to support the basic 32-bit PowerPC instruction set." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Sunburn is a form of radiation burn that affects living tissue, such as skin, that results from an overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, commonly from the sun.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Common symptoms in humans and other animals include red or reddish skin that is hot to the touch, pain, general fatigue, and mild dizziness.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ An excess of UV radiation can be life-threatening in extreme cases.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Exposure of the skin to lesser amounts of UV radiation will often produce a suntan.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Excessive UV radiation is the leading cause of primarily non-malignant skin tumors.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Sunscreen is widely agreed to prevent sunburn and some types of skin cancer.", "Sunburn Festival __knowledge__ Sunburn is a commercial EDM (electronic dance music) Festival held in India.", "Sunburn Festival __knowledge__ It was previously in Vagator, Goa, India every year, but now has been shifted to Pune.", "Sunburn Festival __knowledge__ It is Asia's largest music festival.", "Sunburn Festival __knowledge__ The festival is an amalgamation of Music, Entertainment, Food and Shopping, and was ranked by CNN in 2009 as one of the Top 10 Festivals in world.", "Sunburn Festival __knowledge__ The Festival is organized by Percept company owned by Shailendra Singh.", "Sunburn Festival __knowledge__ Spread over 4 days, the festival has multiple stages with artists playing simultaneously.", "Sunburn Festival __knowledge__ Electronic music parties/events/festivals are not new to Goa and much earlier pioneers of free party's/events/festivals with live DJ's mixing, art,craft's and food stalls started in the late 1980s and continued through all of the 1990s into the early 2000s where they played Goa trance, Psychedelic trance, and Techno and were held at Vagator Beach, Anjuna beach and Arambol beach.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is a form of trotting or running at a slow or leisurely pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The main intention is to increase physical fitness with less stress on the body than from faster running, or to maintain a steady speed for longer periods of time.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Performed over long distances, it is a form of aerobic endurance training.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is running at a gentle pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The definition of jogging as compared with running is not standard.", "Jogging __knowledge__ One definition describes jogging as running slower than .", "Jogging __knowledge__ Running is sometimes defined as requiring a moment of no contact to the ground, whereas jogging often sustains the contact.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is also distinguished from running by having a wider lateral spacing of foot strikes, creating side-to-side movement that likely adds stability at slower speeds or when coordination is lacking.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Ultraviolet (UV) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ UV radiation constitutes about 10% of the total light output of the Sun, and is thus present in sunlight.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Although it's not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules.", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Sunscreen, also known as sunblock and suntan lotion, is a lotion, spray, gel or other topical product that absorbs or reflects some of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation and thus helps protect against sunburn.", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Diligent use of sunscreen can also slow or temporarily prevent the development of wrinkles and sagging skin.", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Depending on the mode of action, sunscreens can be classified into physical sunscreens (i.e., those that reflect the sunlight) or chemical sunscreens (i.e., those that absorb the UV light).", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Medical organizations such as the American Cancer Society recommend the use of sunscreen because it aids in the prevention of squamous cell carcinomas.", "CDJ __knowledge__ A CDJ is a specialized digital music player for DJing.", "CDJ __knowledge__ Originally designed to play music from compact discs, many CDJs can play digital music files stored on USB flash drives or SD cards.", "CDJ __knowledge__ In typical use, at least two CDJs are plugged into a DJ mixer.", "CDJ __knowledge__ CDJs have jog wheels and pitch faders that allow manipulation of the digital music file similar to a vinyl record on a DJ turntable.", "CDJ __knowledge__ Many have additional features such as loops and beat analysis that are not present on turntables.", "CDJ __knowledge__ Additionally, some can function as DJ controllers to control the playback of digital files in DJ software running on a laptop instead of playing the files on the CDJ.", "Ultraviolet index __knowledge__ The ultraviolet index or UV Index is an international standard measurement of the strength of sunburn-producing ultraviolet (UV) radiation at a particular place and time.", "Ultraviolet index __knowledge__ The scale was developed by Canadian scientists in 1992, then adopted and standardized by the UN's World Health Organization and World Meteorological Organization in 1994.", "Ultraviolet index __knowledge__ It is primarily used in daily forecasts aimed at the general public, and is increasingly available as an hourly forecast as well.", "Ultraviolet index __knowledge__ The UV Index is designed as an open-ended linear scale, directly proportional to the intensity of UV radiation that causes sunburn on human skin.", "Navagunjara __knowledge__ In the Hindu epic Mahabharata, Navagunjara is a creature composed of nine different animals.", "Navagunjara __knowledge__ The animal is a common motif in the Pata-Chitra style of painting, of the Indian state of Odisha.", "Navagunjara __knowledge__ The beast is considered a form of the Hindu god Vishnu, or of Krishna, who is considered an Avatar (incarnation) of Vishnu.", "Navagunjara __knowledge__ It is considered a variant of the \"virat-rupa\" (Omnipresent or vast) form of Krishna, that he displays to Arjuna, as mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita, a part of the epic Mahabharata.", "Navagunjara __knowledge__ The version of the Mahabharata, written by the Odia poet Sarala Dasa, narrates the legend of Navagunjara; no other version has the story.", "Power walking __knowledge__ Power walking or speed walking is the act of walking with a speed at the upper end of the natural range for the walking gait, typically 7 to 9 km/h (4.5 to 5.5 mph).", "Power walking __knowledge__ To qualify as power walking as opposed to jogging or running, at least one foot must be in contact with the ground at all times (see \"walking\" for a formal definition).", "Power walking __knowledge__ Power walking has been recommended (for example, by Kenneth H. Cooper) as an alternative to jogging for a low-to-moderate exercise regime, for instance 60–80% of maximum heart rate (HRmax).", "Power walking __knowledge__ At the upper range, walking and jogging are almost equally efficient, and the walking gait gives significantly less impact to the joints.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is typically slower than running and other gaits.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is defined by an 'inverted pendulum' gait in which the body vaults over the stiff limb or limbs with each step.", "Walking __knowledge__ This applies regardless of the number of limbs—even arthropods, with six, eight or more limbs, walk.", "Walking __knowledge__ The word \"walk\" is descended from the Old English \"wealcan\" \"to roll\".", "Walking __knowledge__ In humans and other bipeds, walking is generally distinguished from running in that only one foot at a time leaves contact with the ground and there is a period of double-support.", "Transition from walking to running __knowledge__ Human locomotion is considered to take two primary forms: walking and running.", "Transition from walking to running __knowledge__ In contrast, many quadrupeds have three distinct forms of locomotion: walk, trot, and gallop.", "Transition from walking to running __knowledge__ Walking is a form of locomotion defined by a double support phase when both feet are on the ground at the same time.", "Transition from walking to running __knowledge__ Running is a form of locomotion that does not have this double support phase (switched into double float phase).", "Transition from walking to running __knowledge__ In human running, the feet are never in contact with the ground simultaneously and there is a phase where neither foot is in contact and both feet are temporarily airborne.", "Transition from walking to running __knowledge__ The transition between walking and running gaits is accomplished within two to three steps.", "Speed Walking __knowledge__ Speed Walking () is a 2014 Danish drama film directed by Niels Arden Oplev.", "Speed Walking __knowledge__ It is based on a novel of the same name by Morten Kirkskov.", "Speed Walking __knowledge__ In 1976 in provincial Denmark, 14-year-old Martin (Villads Bøye) is about to be confirmed when his mother dies of cancer.", "Speed Walking __knowledge__ The weeks leading up to his confirmation are difficult and turbulent, as Martin's father and older brother are distraught and Martin must try to keep the family together.", "Speed Walking __knowledge__ In addition, he must deal with his feelings for Kristine (Kraka Donslund Nielsen).", "Burn __knowledge__ A burn is a type of injury to skin, or other tissues, caused by heat, cold, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.", "Burn __knowledge__ Most burns are due to heat from hot liquids, solids, or fire.", "Burn __knowledge__ While rates are similar for males and females the underlying causes often differ.", "Burn __knowledge__ Among women in some areas, risk is related to use of open cooking fires or unsafe cook stoves.", "Burn __knowledge__ Among men, risk is related to the work environments.", "Burn __knowledge__ Alcoholism and smoking are other risk factors.", "Burn __knowledge__ Burns can also occur as a result of self harm or violence between people.", "Burn __knowledge__ Burns that affect only the superficial skin layers are known as superficial or first-degree burns.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Iceland __knowledge__ Missionary efforts of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints began in 1851 with the baptisms of two native Icelanders visiting Denmark.", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Iceland __knowledge__ They returned to Iceland to share the gospel.", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Iceland __knowledge__ Missionary work has continued since then, although there were no permanent missionaries in Iceland from 1914 to 1974. , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had 274 members in Iceland, divided into 2 congregations.", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Iceland __knowledge__ There is also one Family History Center.", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Iceland __knowledge__ The first Mormons in Iceland were Thorarinn Thorason (or Hafliðason) and Guðmundur Guðmundsson, who were both baptized in 1851 under the direction of Erastus Snow.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Heaven is the debut studio album by English singer-songwriter Rebecca Ferguson.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ The album was released on December 5, 2011 under the recordings of Syco Music and RCA Records.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions include: London, Los Angeles and Sweden.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Eg White, who has worked with Adele and Duffy, serves as a major collaborator.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Additional producers and songwriters include Steve Booker, Fraser T Smith, Xenomania, Paul Barry and Mark Taylor.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ Ferguson later revealed that she would be co-writing the whole of her album in order for her to \"connect\" with the songs.", "Heaven (Rebecca Ferguson album) __knowledge__ The main genre from the album features genres like soul, pop, blues and R&B.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics.", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The following is a complete list of creatures from the universe of ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\" and also any spin-off media, including \"\" (\"PNW\").", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The series includes various imaginary species which are not native to the series setting, with some being prehistoric and others being futuristic.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ Various creatures were designed with some artistic license, for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ A number of creatures from the \"Walking with...\" series were also reimagined for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ In 2007 Character Options announced they would create \"Primeval\" action figures, including both a flying Rex and a large plush toy Rex, Future Predators, \"Hesperornis\" and dodos.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic (or \"Palaeolithic\") age is a prehistoric period of human history distinguished by the development of the most primitive stone tools and covers roughly 95% of human technological prehistory.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ It extends from the earliest known use of stone tools, probably by \"Homo habilis\" initially, 2.6 million years ago, to the end of the Pleistocene around 10,000 BP.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic era is followed by the Mesolithic.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The date of the Paleolithic–Mesolithic boundary may vary by locality as much as several thousand years.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ During the Paleolithic period, humans grouped together in small societies such as bands, and subsisted by gathering plants and fishing, hunting or scavenging wild animals.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ The history of Earth concerns the development of planet Earth from its formation to the present day.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Nearly all branches of natural science have contributed to the understanding of the main events of Earth's past.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ The age of the Earth is approximately one-third of the age of the universe.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ An immense amount of geological change has occurred in that timespan, accompanied by the emergence of life and its subsequent evolution.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Earth formed around 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula.", "History of Earth __knowledge__ Volcanic outgassing probably created the primordial atmosphere and then the ocean, but the early atmosphere contained almost no oxygen and so would not have supported known forms of life.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The first language in the human species has been the topic of scholarly discussions for several centuries.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ There is no consensus on the origin or age of human language.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The topic is difficult to study because of the lack of direct evidence.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Consequently, scholars wishing to study the origins of language must draw inferences from other kinds of evidence such as the fossil record, archaeological evidence, contemporary language diversity, studies of language acquisition, and comparisons between human language and systems of communication existing among animals (particularly other primates).", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Many argue that the origins of language probably relate closely to the origins of modern human behavior, but there is little agreement about the implications and directionality of this connection." ] ]

[ 5, 0, 6, 8 ]

[ "that's awesome! Running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting", "It depends on a person. some people can burn more by speed walking. ", "I don't, for some reason i really hate running, it's so boring. I've read it is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago", "you won't believe it. first recorded olympic games took place in 776 BCE" ]

[ "Running", "Running", "Running", "Running" ]

[ "Purple\nPurple has got to be one of my favorite colors, especially really dark purple.", "Really? I would've thought that it was blue and black or something.", "Wow it must've been a pretty significant color back then.", "That's so confusing, they seem to have no relation at all!", "Yeah it works well with so many different things." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ There are numerous variations of the color purple, a sampling of which are shown below.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In common English usage, \"purple\" is a range of hues of color occurring between red and blue.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In color theory, \"purple\" colors are any colors on the line of purples on the CIE chromaticity diagram (or colors that can be derived from colors on the line of purples), i.e., any color between red and violet, not including either red or violet themselves.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"purple\" as a color name in English was in 975 AD.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ \"See also under Purple#In art and history the section \"In prehistory and the ancient world: Tyrian purple\" \" \"Tyrian purple\" is the contemporary English name of the color that in Latin is denominated \"\"purpura\"\".", "Miltonia __knowledge__ Miltonia, abbreviated Milt.", "Miltonia __knowledge__ in the horticultural trade, is an orchid genus formed by nine epiphyte species and eight natural hybrids inhabitants of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, one species reaching the northeast of Argentina and east of Paraguay.", "Miltonia __knowledge__ This genus was established by John Lindley in 1837, when he described its type species, \"Miltonia spectabilis\".", "Miltonia __knowledge__ Many species were attributed to \"Miltonia\" in the past, however, today, the species from Central America and from cooler areas on northwest of South America have been moved to other genera.", "Miltonia __knowledge__ \"Miltonia\" species have large and long lasting flowers, often in multifloral inflorescences.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath were an English rock band, formed in Birmingham in 1968, by guitarist and main songwriter Tony Iommi, bassist and main lyricist Geezer Butler, singer Ozzy Osbourne, and drummer Bill Ward.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath are often cited as pioneers of heavy metal music.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band helped define the genre with releases such as \"Black Sabbath\" (1970), \"Paranoid\" (1970) and \"Master of Reality\" (1971).", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band had multiple line-up changes, with Iommi being the only constant member throughout its history.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Formed in 1968 as the Polka Tulk Blues Band, a blues rock band, the group went through line up changes, renamed themselves as Earth, broke up and reformed.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The following episodes are the episode list for Endurance.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ Episode seven, fifteen, and sixteen are specials.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The seventh episode recaps the events of the first six days of the competition.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The fifteenth and the sixteenth episodes reunites the cast nearly one year since the series has started.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ In the series premiere, 20 strangers arrive on an island somewhere in the Pacific Ocean, where they meet the host, J.D.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ Roth, who explains the rules to them: every day, there will be a mission that will give one of seven teams a Pyramid Piece, an important item needed to win the game (the pieces are Courage, Heart, Knoweledge, Leadership, Commitment, Perseverance, Trust, Discipline, Strength, and Luck), and the following day features a Temple Mission, which gives the winning team a chance to send two other teams to the Temple of Fate, where one team is eliminated.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ There are numerous variations of the color purple, a sampling of which are shown below.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In common English usage, \"purple\" is a range of hues of color occurring between red and blue.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ In color theory, \"purple\" colors are any colors on the line of purples on the CIE chromaticity diagram (or colors that can be derived from colors on the line of purples), i.e., any color between red and violet, not including either red or violet themselves.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"purple\" as a color name in English was in 975 AD.", "Shades of purple __knowledge__ \"See also under Purple#In art and history the section \"In prehistory and the ancient world: Tyrian purple\" \" \"Tyrian purple\" is the contemporary English name of the color that in Latin is denominated \"\"purpura\"\".", "Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom __knowledge__ \"Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom: An Exposition of the Laws of Disguise Through Color and Pattern; Being a Summary of Abbott H. Thayer’s Discoveries\" is a book published ostensibly by Gerald H. Thayer in 1909, and revised in 1918, but in fact a collaboration with and completion of his father Abbott Handerson Thayer's major work.", "Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom __knowledge__ The book, illustrated artistically by Abbott Thayer, sets out the controversial thesis that all animal coloration has the evolutionary purpose of camouflage.", "Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom __knowledge__ Thayer rejected Charles Darwin's theory of sexual selection, arguing in words and paintings that even such conspicuous animal features as the peacock's tail or the brilliant pink of flamingoes or roseate spoonbills were effective as camouflage in the right light.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Kara David __knowledge__ Kara David-Cancio is a Filipino journalist and television host.", "Kara David __knowledge__ She is the news anchor of \"News to Go\" at GMA Network, as well as a host and writer for \"i-Witness\".", "Kara David __knowledge__ She recently began hosting \"Power House\".", "Kara David __knowledge__ She is founder and president of Project Malasakit, a foundation that helps the people she has featured in her documentaries.", "Kara David __knowledge__ David was the only woman named in 2007’s Ten Outstanding Young Men (TOYM) award.", "Kara David __knowledge__ In 2010, she was awarded the Outstanding Women in the Nation’s Service (TOWNS award).", "Kara David __knowledge__ David won the Peabody Award, the second Filipino to win this award.", "Kara David __knowledge__ David was born to Professor Emeritus Randy David of the University of the Philippines Diliman and former Chairperson of the Civil Service Commission Karina Constantino-David.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ \"Daddy Wouldn’t Buy Me a Bow Wow\" is a song written in 1892 by prolific English songwriter Joseph Tabrar.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ It was written for, and first performed in 1892 by, Vesta Victoria at the South London Palace, holding a kitten.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The same year it was recorded by Silas Leachman for the North American Phonograph Co. of Chicago (Talking Machine Company of Chicago/Chicago Talking Machine).", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ In 1895 Toulouse-Lautrec painted May Belfort singing it.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The comedian Arthur Roberts also had success in the 1890s with the song.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The song featured in the 1934 musical movie \"Evergreen\", sung by Jessie Matthews, and was also revived after World War II.", "Black __knowledge__ Black is the darkest color, the result of the absence or complete absorption of visible light.", "Black __knowledge__ It is an achromatic color, literally a color without hue, like white (its opposite) and gray.", "Black __knowledge__ It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness, while white represents light.", "Black __knowledge__ Black ink is the most common color used for printing books, newspapers and documents, because it has the highest contrast with white paper and is the easiest to read.", "Black __knowledge__ For the same reason, black text on a white screen is the most common format used on computer screens.", "Black __knowledge__ In color printing it is used along with the subtractive primaries cyan, yellow, and magenta, in order to help produce the darkest shades.", "White __knowledge__ White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue), because it fully reflects and scatters all the visible wavelengths of light.", "White __knowledge__ It is the color of fresh snow, chalk and milk, and is the opposite of black.", "White __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt and ancient Rome, priestesses wore white as a symbol of purity, and Romans wore a white toga as a symbol of citizenship.", "White __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages and Renaissance a white unicorn symbolized chastity, and a white lamb sacrifice and purity.", "White __knowledge__ It was the royal color of the Kings of France, and of the monarchist movement that opposed the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917–1922).", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Legislative assemblies of the Roman Republic __knowledge__ The legislative assemblies of the Roman Republic were political institutions in the ancient Roman Republic.", "Legislative assemblies of the Roman Republic __knowledge__ According to the contemporary historian Polybius, it was the people (and thus the assemblies) who had the final say regarding the election of magistrates, the enactment of Roman laws, the carrying out of capital punishment, the declaration of war and peace, and the creation (or dissolution) of alliances.", "Legislative assemblies of the Roman Republic __knowledge__ Under the Constitution of the Roman Republic, the people (and thus the assemblies) held the ultimate source of sovereignty.", "Legislative assemblies of the Roman Republic __knowledge__ Since the Romans used a form of direct democracy, citizens, and not elected representatives, voted before each assembly.", "Scarlet (color) __knowledge__ Scarlet is a brilliant red color with a tinge of orange.", "Scarlet (color) __knowledge__ In the spectrum of visible light, and on the traditional color wheel, it is one-quarter of the way between red and orange, slightly less orange than vermilion.", "Scarlet (color) __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, scarlet and other bright shades of red are the colors most associated with courage, force, passion, heat, and joy.", "Scarlet (color) __knowledge__ In the Roman Catholic Church, scarlet is the color worn by a cardinal, and is associated with the blood of Christ and the Christian martyrs, and with sacrifice.", "Scarlet (color) __knowledge__ Scarlet is also often associated with immorality and sin, particularly prostitution or adultery, largely because of a passage referring to \"The Great Harlot\", \"dressed in purple and scarlet\", in the Bible (Revelation 17:1–6).", "Magistrate __knowledge__ The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law.", "Magistrate __knowledge__ In ancient Rome, a \"magistratus\" was one of the highest ranking government officers, and possessed both judicial and executive powers.", "Magistrate __knowledge__ In other parts of the world, such as China, a magistrate was responsible for administration over a particular geographic area.", "Magistrate __knowledge__ Today, in some jurisdictions, a magistrate is a judicial officer who hears cases in a lower court, and typically deals with more minor or preliminary matters.", "Magistrate __knowledge__ In other jurisdictions (e.g., England and Wales), magistrates may be volunteers without formal legal training who perform a judicial role with regard to minor matters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Implementation of mathematics in set theory __knowledge__ This article examines the implementation of mathematical concepts in set theory.", "Implementation of mathematics in set theory __knowledge__ The implementation of a number of basic mathematical concepts is carried out in parallel in ZFC (the dominant set theory) and in NFU, the version of Quine's New Foundations shown to be consistent by R. B. Jensen in 1969 (here understood to include at least axioms of Infinity and Choice).", "Implementation of mathematics in set theory __knowledge__ What is said here applies also to two families of set theories: on the one hand, a range of theories including Zermelo set theory near the lower end of the scale and going up to ZFC extended with large cardinal hypotheses such as \"there is a measurable cardinal\"; and on the other hand a hierarchy of extensions of NFU which is surveyed in the New Foundations article.", "Philippine trademark law __knowledge__ R.A. 8293, otherwise known as the Intellectual Property Code, defines a trademark as “any visible sign capable of distinguishing goods”.", "Philippine trademark law __knowledge__ Early jurisprudence has taken it to mean “a sign, device or mark by which the articles produced or dealt in by a particular person or organization are distinguished or distinguishable from those produced or dealt in by others, and must be affixed to goods or articles”.", "Philippine trademark law __knowledge__ On September 27, 1965, the Philippines adopted pertinent provisions of the Lisbon Act of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property by reference as part of the Intellectual Property Code.", "Logicism __knowledge__ Logicism is one of the schools of thought in the philosophy of mathematics, putting forth the theory that mathematics is an extension of logic and therefore some or all mathematics is reducible to logic.", "Logicism __knowledge__ Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead championed this theory, created by mathematicians Richard Dedekind and Gottlob Frege.", "Logicism __knowledge__ Dedekind's path to logicism had a turning point when he was able to reduce the theory of real numbers to the rational number system by means of set theory.", "Logicism __knowledge__ This and related ideas convinced him that arithmetic, algebra and analysis were reducible to the natural numbers plus a \"logic\" of sets; furthermore by 1872 he had concluded that the naturals themselves were reducible to sets and mappings.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ The following video games are noted for their negative reception.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ They include games that won ironic and humorous awards (such as Golden Mullet Awards), games that have been named to lists of the \"worst\" games published by major video gaming publications or websites, games that have received low review scores from such publications (often determined by low aggregate scores on sites such as Metacritic), and games that have been recognized to be poorly received by players.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ Some of the older or rarer games have gained attention more recently through videos produced by popular YouTube personalities, such as \"Angry Video Game Nerd\".", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Science of Logic (SL; , WL), first published between 1812 and 1816, is the work in which Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel outlined his vision of logic.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Hegel's logic is a system of \"dialectics\", i.e., a dialectical metaphysics: It is a development of the principle that thought and being constitute a single and active unity.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ \"Science of Logic\" also incorporates the traditional Aristotelian syllogism: It is conceived as a phase of the “original unity of thought and being” rather than as a detached, formal instrument of inference.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ For Hegel, the most important achievement of German idealism, starting with Immanuel Kant and culminating in his own philosophy, was the argument that reality (\"being\") is shaped through and through by thought and is, in a strong sense, identical to thought.", "Modal logic __knowledge__ Modal logic is a type of formal logic primarily developed in the 1960s that extends classical propositional and predicate logic to include operators expressing modality.", "Modal logic __knowledge__ A modal—a word that expresses a modality—qualifies a statement.", "Modal logic __knowledge__ For example, the statement \"John is happy\" might be qualified by saying that John is usually happy, in which case the term \"usually\" is functioning as a modal.", "Modal logic __knowledge__ The traditional alethic modalities, or modalities of truth, include possibility (\"Possibly, \"p\"\", \"It is possible that \"p\"\"), necessity (\"Necessarily, \"p\"\", \"It is necessary that \"p\"\"), and impossibility (\"Impossibly, \"p\"\", \"It is impossible that \"p\"\").", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "Color scheme __knowledge__ In color theory, a color scheme is the choice of colors used in design for a range of media.", "Color scheme __knowledge__ For example, the \"Achromatic\" use of a white background with black text is an example of a basic and commonly default color scheme in web design.", "Color scheme __knowledge__ Color schemes are used to create style and appeal.", "Color scheme __knowledge__ Colors that create an aesthetic feeling when used together will commonly accompany each other in color schemes.", "Color scheme __knowledge__ A basic color scheme will use two colors that look appealing together.", "Color scheme __knowledge__ More advanced color schemes involve several related colors in \"Analogous\" combination, for example, text with such colors as red, yellow, and orange arranged together on a black background in a magazine article.", "Magenta __knowledge__ Magenta () is a color that is variously defined as purplish-red, reddish-purple, purplish-pink, or mauvish-crimson.", "Magenta __knowledge__ On computer screens, it is made by mixing equal amounts of blue and red.", "Magenta __knowledge__ On color wheels of the RGB (additive) and CMY (subtractive) color models, it is located midway between red and blue.", "Magenta __knowledge__ It is the complementary color of green.", "Magenta __knowledge__ It is one of the four colors of ink used in color printing and by an inkjet printer, along with cyan, yellow, and black, to make all the other colors.", "Magenta __knowledge__ The tone of magenta used in printing is called \"printer's magenta\".", "Magenta __knowledge__ Magenta took its name from an aniline dye made and patented in 1859 by the French chemist François-Emmanuel Verguin, who originally called it \"fuchsine\".", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage.", "Color motion picture film __knowledge__ Color motion picture film refers both to unexposed color photographic film in a format suitable for use in a motion picture camera, and to finished motion picture film, ready for use in a projector, which bears images in color.", "Color motion picture film __knowledge__ The first color cinematography was by additive color systems such as the one patented by Edward Raymond Turner in 1899 and tested in 1902.", "Color motion picture film __knowledge__ A simplified additive system was successfully commercialized in 1909 as Kinemacolor.", "Color motion picture film __knowledge__ These early systems used black-and-white film to photograph and project two or more component images through different color filters.", "Color motion picture film __knowledge__ Around 1920, the first practical subtractive color processes were introduced." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Purple __knowledge__ Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy.", "Purple __knowledge__ The complementary color of purple is yellow.", "Purple __knowledge__ The word 'purple' comes from the Old English word \"purpul\" which derives from Latin \"purpura\", in turn from the Greek (\"porphura\"), name of the Tyrian purple dye manufactured in classical antiquity from a mucus secreted by the spiny dye-murex snail.", "Purple __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word 'purple' in the English language was in the year 975 AD.", "Purple __knowledge__ In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple.", "Purple __knowledge__ In the traditional color wheel used by painters, violet and purple are both placed between red and blue.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Character mask __knowledge__ In Marxist philosophy, a character mask () is a prescribed social role that serves to conceal the contradictions of a social relation or order.", "Character mask __knowledge__ The term was used by Karl Marx in various published writings from the 1840s to the 1860s, and also by Friedrich Engels.", "Character mask __knowledge__ It is related to the classical Greek concepts of mimesis (imitative representation using analogies) and prosopopoeia (impersonation or personification) as well as the Roman concept of persona, but also differs from them (see below).", "Character mask __knowledge__ The notion of character masks has been used by neo-Marxist and non-Marxist sociologists, philosophers and anthropologists to interpret how people relate in societies with a complex division of labour, where people depend on trade to meet many of their needs.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ David Keith Lynch (born January 20, 1946) is an American filmmaker, painter, musician, actor, and photographer.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ He has been described by \"The Guardian\" as \"the most important director of this era.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ AllMovie called him \"the Renaissance man of modern American filmmaking,\" while the success of his films has led to him being labelled \"the first popular Surrealist.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ Born to a middle-class family in Missoula, Montana, Lynch spent his childhood traveling around the United States, before going on to study painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where he first made the transition to producing short films.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Furush Beit Dajan __knowledge__ Furush Beit Dajan () is a Palestinian village in the northern West Bank, located 10 kilometers east of Nablus and a part of the Nablus Governorate.", "Furush Beit Dajan __knowledge__ According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of approximately 1,160 inhabitants in 2006.", "Furush Beit Dajan __knowledge__ Most of Furush Beit Dajan's residents are Bedouins or descendants of Bedouins who migrated from the village of Yattir in the Negev desert after being evicted by Israeli authorities in 1952.", "Furush Beit Dajan __knowledge__ Most have abandoned their nomadic lifestyle and have adapted to farming.", "Furush Beit Dajan __knowledge__ However, many still herd sheep and goats to the north of the village where there is a natural grazing area.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ A fuzzy concept is a concept of which the boundaries of application can vary considerably according to context or conditions, instead of being fixed once and for all.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ This means the concept is \"vague\" in some way, lacking a fixed, precise meaning, without however being unclear or meaningless altogether.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ It has a definite meaning, which can be made more precise only through further elaboration and specification, including a closer definition of the context in which the concept is used.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ A fuzzy concept is understood by scientists as a concept which is \"to an extent applicable\" in a situation, and it therefore implies gradations of significance or unsharp (variable) boundaries of application.", "Millennium Challenge 2002 __knowledge__ Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02) was a major war game exercise conducted by the United States Armed Forces in mid-2002.", "Millennium Challenge 2002 __knowledge__ The exercise, which ran from July 24 to August 15 and cost $250 million, involved both live exercises and computer simulations.", "Millennium Challenge 2002 __knowledge__ MC02 was meant to be a test of future military \"transformation\"—a transition toward new technologies that enable network-centric warfare and provide more effective command and control of current and future weaponry and tactics.", "Millennium Challenge 2002 __knowledge__ The simulated combatants were the United States, referred to as \"Blue\", and an unknown adversary in the Middle East, \"Red\", with many lines of evidence pointing at Iran being the Red side.", "Infinitary logic __knowledge__ An infinitary logic is a logic that allows infinitely long statements and/or infinitely long proofs.", "Infinitary logic __knowledge__ Some infinitary logics may have different properties from those of standard first-order logic.", "Infinitary logic __knowledge__ In particular, infinitary logics may fail to be compact or complete.", "Infinitary logic __knowledge__ Notions of compactness and completeness that are equivalent in finitary logic sometimes are not so in infinitary logics.", "Infinitary logic __knowledge__ Therefore for infinitary logics, notions of strong compactness and strong completeness are defined.", "Infinitary logic __knowledge__ This article addresses Hilbert-type infinitary logics, as these have been extensively studied and constitute the most straightforward extensions of finitary logic.", "WWZZ __knowledge__ WWZZ/WWVZ were a pair of simulcasting radio stations in Washington, D.C., owned by Bonneville International.", "WWZZ __knowledge__ The station broadcast from Braddock Heights, Maryland at 103.9 MHz FM and from Waldorf, Maryland, at 104.1 MHz FM.", "WWZZ __knowledge__ It was commonly known as Z104 with the slogan \"Washington's Modern Music.\"", "WWZZ __knowledge__ The station was also known for its community efforts and donation drives for local charities.", "WWZZ __knowledge__ Furthermore, as a member of the Nationals Network, it offered radio coverage of a large portion of the Washington Nationals games.", "WWZZ __knowledge__ The WWZZ/WWVZ simulcast was originally two separately owned and operated stations, starting with WXTR (\"Xtra 104\"), then Washington's heritage Oldies station.", "WIHT __knowledge__ WIHT (99.5 FM) - branded as HOT 99.5 - is a Top 40 (CHR) formatted radio station that serves the greater Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.", "WIHT __knowledge__ Located on the fifth floor of 1801 Rockville Pike in Rockville, Maryland, the station broadcasts 24 hours a day and is licensed to, and owned by, iHeartMedia.", "WIHT __knowledge__ The transmitter is located in Bethesda, Maryland.", "WIHT __knowledge__ Long known as WGAY (named for its owner, Connie B.", "WIHT __knowledge__ Gay, a well-known country music promoter) and located in Silver Spring, Maryland, the station ran a beautiful music format in the 1960s and 1970s, which evolved to an easy listening format by the 1980s (though it would initially air a country format for a year when it signed on in 1960).", "Modal logic __knowledge__ Modal logic is a type of formal logic primarily developed in the 1960s that extends classical propositional and predicate logic to include operators expressing modality.", "Modal logic __knowledge__ A modal—a word that expresses a modality—qualifies a statement.", "Modal logic __knowledge__ For example, the statement \"John is happy\" might be qualified by saying that John is usually happy, in which case the term \"usually\" is functioning as a modal.", "Modal logic __knowledge__ The traditional alethic modalities, or modalities of truth, include possibility (\"Possibly, \"p\"\", \"It is possible that \"p\"\"), necessity (\"Necessarily, \"p\"\", \"It is necessary that \"p\"\"), and impossibility (\"Impossibly, \"p\"\", \"It is impossible that \"p\"\")." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 7, 0, 10 ]

[ "Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red which is interesting because purple looks nothing like red", "Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates they must have looked pretty nice", " The complementary color of purple is yellow which is weird too because they look nothing alike either,", "logic sometimes is confusing in a sense but over all i think purple is great because you can match it wiht everything", " In heraldry, the word \"purpure\" is used for purple they sound very much a like." ]

[ "Purple", "Purple", "Purple", "Purple", "Purple" ]

[ "The Little Mermaid (1989 film)\nI owned The Little Mermaid on VHS and it was one of my favorite Disney films.", "Do you have any examples of other movies from the Disney Renaissance era?", "That's interesting. I didn't know it was based on a fairy tale. What other fairy tales would make good films?", "European literature sure is popular in America, then. Do you have a favorite fairy tale?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The Little Mermaid is a 1989 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Based on the Danish fairy tale of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen, \"The Little Mermaid\" tells the story of a beautiful mermaid princess who dreams of becoming human.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Written, produced, and directed by Ron Clements and John Musker, with music by Alan Menken and Howard Ashman (who also served as a co-producer), the film features the voices of Jodi Benson, Christopher Daniel Barnes, Pat Carroll, Samuel E. Wright, Jason Marin, Kenneth Mars, Buddy Hackett, and René Auberjonois.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The 28th Disney animated feature film, \"The Little Mermaid\" was released to theaters on November 17, 1989 to largely positive reviews, garnering $84 million at the domestic box office during its initial release, and $211 million in total lifetime gross worldwide.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ After the success of the 1988 Disney/Amblin film \"Who Framed Roger Rabbit\", \"The Little Mermaid\" is given credit for breathing life back into the art of Disney animated feature films after a string of critical or commercial failures produced by Disney that dated back to the early 1970s.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ It also marked the start of the era known as the Disney Renaissance.", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ \"Part of Your World\" is a song written by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken for Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989).", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ Performed by American actress and singer Jodi Benson in the titular role as Ariel, a mermaid princess, \"Part of Your World\" is a power ballad in which the main character expresses her strong desire to become human; its lyrics use placeholder names in lieu of several human-related terms that would be unfamiliar to a mermaid.", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ The film's theme song, \"Part of Your World\" is reprised by Ariel after she rescues Eric, a human prince with whom she has fallen in love, from drowning.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Walt Disney Animation Studios (WDAS), also referred to as Disney Animation, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, is an American animation studio that creates animated feature films, short films, and television specials for The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Founded on October 16, 1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio has produced 56 feature films, from \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937) to \"Moana\" (2016).", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ It was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio was exclusively dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934.", "Ursula (Disney) __knowledge__ Ursula is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989).", "Ursula (Disney) __knowledge__ Voiced by American actress Pat Carroll, Ursula is a villainous sea witch who tricks a mermaid princess named Ariel into trading her voice for a pair of human legs, at first appearing to be providing the character with an opportunity to become human by temporarily transforming her into one so that she may earn the love of Prince Eric within three days.", "Ursula (Disney) __knowledge__ However, Ursula is, in fact, determined to sabotage Ariel's chances at any expense so that she can ultimately replace the mermaid's father King Triton as ruler over Atlantica.", "The Little Mermaid (franchise) __knowledge__ The Little Mermaid is a Disney media franchise.", "The Little Mermaid (franchise) __knowledge__ The success of the 1989 American animated feature film \"The Little Mermaid\" led to a direct-to-video sequel, a prequel film, a spin-off television series, a musical, several video games, theme park attractions, and other merchandise.", "The Little Mermaid (franchise) __knowledge__ A live action remake of the film is in development.", "The Little Mermaid (franchise) __knowledge__ \"The Little Mermaid\" paved the way for what would become the Disney Renaissance, with the original film becoming the first film of that era.", "The Little Mermaid (franchise) __knowledge__ \"The Little Mermaid\" is the original film of the franchise.", "The Little Mermaid (franchise) __knowledge__ It was produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios, and was released to theaters on November 15, 1989 by Walt Disney Pictures.", "Disney Princess __knowledge__ Disney Princess, also called the Princess Line, is a media franchise owned by The Walt Disney Company.", "Disney Princess __knowledge__ Created by Disney Consumer Products chairman Andy Mooney in the early 2000s, the franchise features a line-up of fictional female protagonists who have appeared in various Disney franchises.", "Disney Princess __knowledge__ The franchise does not include all princess characters from the whole of Disney-owned media, but rather refers to specific characters from the company's animated films.", "Disney Princess __knowledge__ , the eleven characters considered part of the franchise are Snow White, Cinderella, Aurora, Ariel, Belle, Jasmine, Pocahontas, Mulan, Tiana, Rapunzel, and Merida.", "Walt Disney Classics __knowledge__ Walt Disney Classics was a brand name used by Walt Disney Home Video on their American, Japanese, European and Australian home video releases of Walt Disney Animation Studios features.", "Walt Disney Classics __knowledge__ The last title in the Classics line from 1984–1994 was \"The Fox and the Hound\".", "Walt Disney Classics __knowledge__ With the release of \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" all the existing titles in the Classics line were replaced with the Masterpiece Collection line and the Classics line was cancelled in the United States and Canada.", "Walt Disney Classics __knowledge__ Cassette copies of the original Classics series became much sought-after and are very popular with collectors, since most retailers had the first home video release for Disney animated features in their stores up to the time when the label was discontinued." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The Little Mermaid is a 1989 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Based on the Danish fairy tale of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen, \"The Little Mermaid\" tells the story of a beautiful mermaid princess who dreams of becoming human.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Written, produced, and directed by Ron Clements and John Musker, with music by Alan Menken and Howard Ashman (who also served as a co-producer), the film features the voices of Jodi Benson, Christopher Daniel Barnes, Pat Carroll, Samuel E. Wright, Jason Marin, Kenneth Mars, Buddy Hackett, and René Auberjonois.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The 28th Disney animated feature film, \"The Little Mermaid\" was released to theaters on November 17, 1989 to largely positive reviews, garnering $84 million at the domestic box office during its initial release, and $211 million in total lifetime gross worldwide.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ After the success of the 1988 Disney/Amblin film \"Who Framed Roger Rabbit\", \"The Little Mermaid\" is given credit for breathing life back into the art of Disney animated feature films after a string of critical or commercial failures produced by Disney that dated back to the early 1970s.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ It also marked the start of the era known as the Disney Renaissance.", "Disney Renaissance __knowledge__ In the history of The Walt Disney Company, the Disney Renaissance refers to the era from 1989 to 1999 during which Walt Disney Feature Animation (renamed Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2006) experienced a creative resurgence in producing successful animated films based on well-known stories, which restored public and critical interest in The Walt Disney Company as a whole.", "Disney Renaissance __knowledge__ During this era, the studio produced and released ten animated films: \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989), \"The Rescuers Down Under\" (1990), \"Beauty and the Beast\" (1991), \"Aladdin\" (1992), \"The Lion King\" (1994), \"Pocahontas\" (1995), \"The Hunchback of Notre Dame\" (1996), \"Hercules\" (1997), \"Mulan\" (1998) and \"Tarzan\" (1999).", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ Frozen is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ The 53rd Disney animated feature film, the film is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale \"The Snow Queen\".", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naïve snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ \"Frozen\" underwent several story treatments for years before being commissioned in 2011, with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee, who also co-directed with Chris Buck.", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ \"Part of Your World\" is a song written by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken for Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989).", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ Performed by American actress and singer Jodi Benson in the titular role as Ariel, a mermaid princess, \"Part of Your World\" is a power ballad in which the main character expresses her strong desire to become human; its lyrics use placeholder names in lieu of several human-related terms that would be unfamiliar to a mermaid.", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ The film's theme song, \"Part of Your World\" is reprised by Ariel after she rescues Eric, a human prince with whom she has fallen in love, from drowning.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "An American Tail __knowledge__ An American Tail is a 1986 American animated musical adventure family comedy-drama film directed by Don Bluth and produced by Sullivan Bluth Studios and Amblin Entertainment.", "An American Tail __knowledge__ It tells the story of Fievel Mousekewitz and his family as they emigrate from the Imperial Russian territory of Ukraine to the United States for freedom.", "An American Tail __knowledge__ However, he gets lost and must find a way to reunite with them.", "An American Tail __knowledge__ It was released on November 21, 1986, to reviews that ranged from positive to mixed and was a box office hit, making it the highest-grossing non-Disney animated film at the time.", "An American Tail __knowledge__ Its success, along with that of \"The Land Before Time\" and Disney's \"Who Framed Roger Rabbit\", and Bluth's departure from their partnership, prompted Steven Spielberg to establish his own animation studio, Amblimation.", "The Princess and the Frog __knowledge__ The Princess and the Frog is a 2009 American animated musical film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "The Princess and the Frog __knowledge__ The 49th Disney animated feature film, the film is loosely based on the novel \"The Frog Princess\" by E. D. Baker, which is in turn based on the Brothers Grimm fairy tale \"The Frog Prince\".", "The Princess and the Frog __knowledge__ Written and directed by Ron Clements and John Musker, the film features an ensemble voice cast that stars Anika Noni Rose, Bruno Campos, Keith David, Michael-Leon Wooley, Jennifer Cody, and Jim Cummings, with Peter Bartlett, Jenifer Lewis, Oprah Winfrey, Terrence Howard, and John Goodman.", "Renaissance music __knowledge__ Renaissance music is vocal and instrumental music written and performed in Europe during the Renaissance era.", "Renaissance music __knowledge__ Consensus among music historians has been to start the era around 1400, with the end of the medieval era, and to close it around 1600, with the beginning of the Baroque period, therefore commencing the musical Renaissance about a hundred years after the beginning of the Renaissance as it is understood in other disciplines.", "Renaissance music __knowledge__ As in the other arts, the music of the period was significantly influenced by the developments which define the Early Modern period: the rise of humanistic thought; the recovery of the literary and artistic heritage of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome; increased innovation and discovery; the growth of commercial enterprises; the rise of a bourgeois class; and the Protestant Reformation.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The Great Movie Ride was a dark ride attraction located at Disney's Hollywood Studios in the Walt Disney World Resort.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The attraction employed the use of Audio-Animatronic figures, practical sets, live actors, special effects, and projections to recreate iconic scenes from twelve classic films throughout motion picture history.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The attraction—which debuted with the park on May 1, 1989—was located inside a replica of Grauman's Chinese Theatre, one of Hollywood's most famous movie palaces.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The Great Movie Ride was originally developed by Walt Disney Imagineering as a pavilion for the Future World section of Epcot.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ The golden age of American animation was a period in the history of U.S. animation that began with the advent of sound cartoons in 1928 and continued until around 1969 when theatrical animated shorts began losing to the new medium of television animation.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ Many popular characters emerged from this period, including Mickey Mouse, Bugs Bunny, Donald Duck, Daffy Duck, Goofy, Popeye, Tom and Jerry, Porky Pig, Betty Boop, Woody Woodpecker, Droopy, and the first animated adaptation of Superman, among others.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ Feature length animation also began during this period, most notably with Walt Disney's first films: \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\", \"Pinocchio\", \"Fantasia\", \"Dumbo\" and \"Bambi\".", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Disney's Hollywood Studios is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks and Resorts division.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Based on an idea by Marty Sklar, Randy Bright, and Michael Eisner, the park opened on May 1, 1989, as the Disney-MGM Studios Theme Park, and was the third of four theme parks built at Walt Disney World.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Spanning , the park is dedicated to the facets of show business, including film, television, music, and theatre, drawing inspiration from the heyday of Hollywood in the 1930s and 1940s.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Disney's Hollywood Studios initially opened as both a theme park and an operating production studio, with active film and television production services, an animation facility branch, and a functioning backlot." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The Little Mermaid is a 1989 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Based on the Danish fairy tale of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen, \"The Little Mermaid\" tells the story of a beautiful mermaid princess who dreams of becoming human.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Written, produced, and directed by Ron Clements and John Musker, with music by Alan Menken and Howard Ashman (who also served as a co-producer), the film features the voices of Jodi Benson, Christopher Daniel Barnes, Pat Carroll, Samuel E. Wright, Jason Marin, Kenneth Mars, Buddy Hackett, and René Auberjonois.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The 28th Disney animated feature film, \"The Little Mermaid\" was released to theaters on November 17, 1989 to largely positive reviews, garnering $84 million at the domestic box office during its initial release, and $211 million in total lifetime gross worldwide.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ After the success of the 1988 Disney/Amblin film \"Who Framed Roger Rabbit\", \"The Little Mermaid\" is given credit for breathing life back into the art of Disney animated feature films after a string of critical or commercial failures produced by Disney that dated back to the early 1970s.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ It also marked the start of the era known as the Disney Renaissance.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, griffins, mermaids, talking animals, trolls, unicorns, or witches, and usually magic or enchantments.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ The term is mainly used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries, mostly relates to children's literature.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Traditional stories, or stories about traditions, differ from both fiction and nonfiction in that the importance of transmitting the story's worldview is generally understood to transcend an immediate need to establish its categorization as imaginary or factual.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ In the academic circles of literature, religion, history, and anthropology, categories of traditional story are important terminology to identify and interpret stories more precisely.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Some stories belong in multiple categories and some stories do not fit into any category.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ An \"anecdote\" is a short and amusing or interesting story about a biographical incident.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "Puss in Boots __knowledge__ \"Master Cat, or The Booted Cat\" (; ), commonly known in English as \"Puss in Boots\", is a European literary fairy tale about a cat who uses trickery and deceit to gain power, wealth, and the hand of a princess in marriage for his penniless and low-born master.", "Puss in Boots __knowledge__ The oldest telling is by Italian author Giovanni Francesco Straparola, who included it in his \"The Facetious Nights of Straparola\" (c. 1550–53) in XIV–XV.", "Puss in Boots __knowledge__ Another version was published in 1634 by Giambattista Basile with the title \"Cagliuso\", and a tale was written in French at the close of the seventeenth century by Charles Perrault (1628–1703), a retired civil servant and member of the \"Académie française\".", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ Giovanni Francesco \"Gianfrancesco\" Straparola, also known as Zoan or Zuan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio (ca.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ 1485?-1558) was a writer of poetry, and collector and writer of short stories.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ Some time during his life, he migrated from Caravaggio to Venice where he published a collection of stories in two volumes called \"The Facetious Nights\" or \"The Pleasant Nights\".", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ This collection includes some of the first known printed versions of fairy tales in Europe, as they are known today.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ LIFE Not much is known of Straparola's life save for a few facts regarding his published works.", "Giovanni Francesco Straparola __knowledge__ He was likely born some time around 1485 in Caravaggio, Italy (on the Lombard plain east of Milan).", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ \"The Tinderbox\" () is a literary fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen about a soldier who acquires a magic tinderbox capable of summoning three powerful dogs to do his bidding.", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ When the soldier has one of the dogs transport a sleeping princess to his room, he is sentenced to death but cunningly summons the dogs to save his life.", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ In the Aarne-Thompson tale index, The Tinderbox is type 562: The Spirit in the Blue Light.", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ Other tales of this type include \"The Three Dogs\" and \"The Blue Light\".", "The Tinderbox __knowledge__ The tale has its source in a Scandinavian folk tale Andersen learned in his childhood, but similarities with \"Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp\" and other tales have been noted.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ The Fairytale Forest (\"Sprookjesbos\" in Dutch) is a wooded section of the amusement park Efteling in the Netherlands, where a number of well-known fairy tales and fairy tale figures are depicted by animated statues and buildings.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ Most of the figures are inspired by the Brothers Grimm, Hans Christian Andersen, and Charles Perrault.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ The Fairytale Forest was founded on the work of R.J.Th.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ van der Heijden, Peter Reijnders and Anton Pieck.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ Van der Heijden conceived of the idea in the 1950s to boost tourism.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ He asked his brother-in-law Peter Reijnders, a filmmaker and amateur inventor from Eindhoven, to recreate a fairy tale theme park Reijnders built.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ Frozen is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ The 53rd Disney animated feature film, the film is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale \"The Snow Queen\".", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naïve snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ \"Frozen\" underwent several story treatments for years before being commissioned in 2011, with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee, who also co-directed with Chris Buck.", "Frozen (franchise) __knowledge__ Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature film, \"Frozen\", which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho, with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez.", "Frozen (franchise) __knowledge__ Walt Disney Animation Studios' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film's executive producer.", "Frozen (franchise) __knowledge__ The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale, \"The Snow Queen\".", "Frozen (franchise) __knowledge__ Since the film's release in November 2013, the franchise has expanded very rapidly.", "Frozen (franchise) __knowledge__ To date, the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions, merchandise, video games, books, a Disney on Ice show, and a short animated film.", "Elsa (Disney) __knowledge__ Queen Elsa of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' 53rd animated film \"Frozen\".", "Elsa (Disney) __knowledge__ She is voiced primarily by Broadway actress and singer Idina Menzel.", "Elsa (Disney) __knowledge__ At the beginning of the film, she is voiced by Eva Bella as a young child and by Spencer Lacey Ganus as a teenager.", "Elsa (Disney) __knowledge__ Created by directors Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee, Elsa is loosely based on the title character of \"The Snow Queen\", a Danish fairytale by Hans Christian Andersen.", "Elsa (Disney) __knowledge__ In the Disney film adaptation, she is introduced as the princess of the fictional Scandinavian kingdom of Arendelle, heiress to the throne and the elder sister of Princess Anna (Kristen Bell).", "Anna (Disney) __knowledge__ Princess Anna of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios' 53rd animated film \"Frozen\".", "Anna (Disney) __knowledge__ She is voiced by Kristen Bell as an adult.", "Anna (Disney) __knowledge__ At the beginning of the film, Livvy Stubenrauch and Katie Lopez provided her speaking and singing voice as a young child, respectively.", "Anna (Disney) __knowledge__ Agatha Lee Monn portrayed her as a nine-year-old (singing).", "Anna (Disney) __knowledge__ Created by co-directors Jennifer Lee and Chris Buck, Anna is loosely based on Gerda, a character from the Danish fairytale \"The Snow Queen\" by Hans Christian Andersen.", "Anna (Disney) __knowledge__ In the Disney film adaptation, Anna is depicted as the princess of Arendelle, a fictional Scandinavian kingdom and the younger sister of Princess Elsa (Idina Menzel), who is the heiress to the throne and possesses the elemental ability to create and control ice and snow.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Walt Disney Animation Studios (WDAS), also referred to as Disney Animation, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, is an American animation studio that creates animated feature films, short films, and television specials for The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Founded on October 16, 1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio has produced 56 feature films, from \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937) to \"Moana\" (2016).", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ It was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio was exclusively dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934.", "The Snow Queen (2012 film) __knowledge__ The Snow Queen (, Snezhnaya koroleva) is a 2012 Russian 3D computer-animated adventure fantasy comedy family film written by Vadim Sveshnikov and directed by Vladlen Barbe and Maxim Sveshnikov.", "The Snow Queen (2012 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Wizart Animation studio in Voronezh and is loosely based on the story of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen, co-produced by Moscow's Inlay Film, and distributed by Timur Bekmambetov's company Bazelevs.", "The Snow Queen (2012 film) __knowledge__ The movie was edited by Jonathan Abelardo, Vitaliy Konovalov, Anton Maslennikov, Mark Mercado, Ivan Titov and Denis Vakulenko, music composed by Brainstorm (Prāta Vētra) and Mark Willott and also produced by Timur Bekmambetov, Alexander Ligaiy, Yuri Moskvin and Sergey Rappoport.", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ Modern animation of the United States from the late 1980s and 1990s onward is sometimes referred to as the \"renaissance age of American animation\".", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ During this period, many large American entertainment companies reformed and reinvigorated their animation departments following a general decline during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ The United States has had a profound effect on animation worldwide.", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ Since the late 1990s and the 2000s traditional animation would lose interest against digital and Flash animation, naming this current period as the \"millennium age of American animation\".", "Modern animation in the United States __knowledge__ At the start of the 1980s, Walt Disney Productions had been struggling since Walt Disney's death in 1966, and the 1979 departure of Don Bluth and eleven other associates from the animation department dealt Disney a major blow." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The Little Mermaid is a 1989 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Based on the Danish fairy tale of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen, \"The Little Mermaid\" tells the story of a beautiful mermaid princess who dreams of becoming human.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ Written, produced, and directed by Ron Clements and John Musker, with music by Alan Menken and Howard Ashman (who also served as a co-producer), the film features the voices of Jodi Benson, Christopher Daniel Barnes, Pat Carroll, Samuel E. Wright, Jason Marin, Kenneth Mars, Buddy Hackett, and René Auberjonois.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ The 28th Disney animated feature film, \"The Little Mermaid\" was released to theaters on November 17, 1989 to largely positive reviews, garnering $84 million at the domestic box office during its initial release, and $211 million in total lifetime gross worldwide.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ After the success of the 1988 Disney/Amblin film \"Who Framed Roger Rabbit\", \"The Little Mermaid\" is given credit for breathing life back into the art of Disney animated feature films after a string of critical or commercial failures produced by Disney that dated back to the early 1970s.", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film) __knowledge__ It also marked the start of the era known as the Disney Renaissance.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, griffins, mermaids, talking animals, trolls, unicorns, or witches, and usually magic or enchantments.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.", "Fairy tale __knowledge__ The term is mainly used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries, mostly relates to children's literature.", "Virginia Haviland __knowledge__ Virginia Haviland (May 21, 1911 – January 6, 1988) was an American librarian and writer who became an international authority in children's literature.", "Virginia Haviland __knowledge__ She chaired the prestigious Newbery-Caldecott Award Committee, traveled and wrote extensively.", "Virginia Haviland __knowledge__ Haviland is also well known for her \"Favorite Fairy Tales\" series, featuring stories from sixteen countries.", "Virginia Haviland __knowledge__ Virginia Haviland was born in Rochester, New York, to William J. Haviland and Bertha M. Esten.", "Virginia Haviland __knowledge__ She grew up mainly in Massachusetts.", "Virginia Haviland __knowledge__ During her childhood, she traveled abroad and spent time with two aunts who entertained international visitors in their home.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "Belle (Disney) __knowledge__ Belle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' 30th animated feature film \"Beauty and the Beast\" (1991).", "Belle (Disney) __knowledge__ Originally voiced by American actress and singer Paige O'Hara, Belle is the non-conforming daughter of an inventor.", "Belle (Disney) __knowledge__ Belle yearns to abandon her predictable village life in return for adventure.", "Belle (Disney) __knowledge__ When her father Maurice is imprisoned by a cold-hearted beast, Belle offers him her own freedom in exchange for her father's, and eventually learns to love the Beast despite his unsightly outward appearance.", "Belle (Disney) __knowledge__ Walt Disney Studios chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg commissioned \"Beauty and the Beast\" as an animated musical with a strong heroine and hired first-time screenwriter Linda Woolverton to write it.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics __knowledge__ Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics, also known as Grimm Masterpiece Theater in original version, is a Japanese anime anthology series by Nippon Animation.", "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics __knowledge__ The episodes are adaptations of a variety of folk and fairy tales, and not limited to \"Grimm's Fairy Tales\".", "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics __knowledge__ \"Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics\" comprises two series.", "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics __knowledge__ The first series, known in Japan as , aired from October 21, 1987 to March 30, 1988, for a total of 24 episodes.", "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics __knowledge__ The second series, known in Japan as , aired between October 2, 1988 and March 26, 1989, totaling 23 episodes.", "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics __knowledge__ It was also localized under the series' English name.", "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics __knowledge__ The fairy tale anthology was broadcast in North America by Nickelodeon and in local stations throughout Latin America.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ The Fairytale Forest (\"Sprookjesbos\" in Dutch) is a wooded section of the amusement park Efteling in the Netherlands, where a number of well-known fairy tales and fairy tale figures are depicted by animated statues and buildings.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ Most of the figures are inspired by the Brothers Grimm, Hans Christian Andersen, and Charles Perrault.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ The Fairytale Forest was founded on the work of R.J.Th.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ van der Heijden, Peter Reijnders and Anton Pieck.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ Van der Heijden conceived of the idea in the 1950s to boost tourism.", "Fairytale Forest __knowledge__ He asked his brother-in-law Peter Reijnders, a filmmaker and amateur inventor from Eindhoven, to recreate a fairy tale theme park Reijnders built.", "Shapeshifting __knowledge__ In mythology, folklore and speculative fiction, shapeshifting is the ability of a being or creature to completely transform its physical form or shape.", "Shapeshifting __knowledge__ This is usually achieved through an inherent ability of a mythological creature, divine intervention, or the use of magic.", "Shapeshifting __knowledge__ The idea of shapeshifting is present in the oldest forms of totemism and shamanism, as well as the oldest extant literature and epic poems, including works such as the \"Epic of Gilgamesh\" and the \"Iliad\", where the shapeshifting is usually induced by the act of a deity.", "Shapeshifting __knowledge__ The idea persisted through the Middle Ages, where the agency causing shapeshifting is usually a sorcerer or witch, and into the modern period.", "Andrew Lang's Fairy Books __knowledge__ Andrew Lang's Fairy Books are a series of 25 collections of true and fictional stories for children published between 1889 and 1913.", "Andrew Lang's Fairy Books __knowledge__ The best known books of the series are the 12 collections of fairy tales known as Andrew Lang's \"Coloured\" Fairy Books or Andrew Lang's Fairy Books of Many Colors.", "Andrew Lang's Fairy Books __knowledge__ In all, the volumes feature 798 stories, besides the 153 poems in \"The Blue Poetry Book\".", "Andrew Lang's Fairy Books __knowledge__ Andrew Lang (1844–1912) was a Scots poet, novelist, and literary critic.", "Andrew Lang's Fairy Books __knowledge__ He made most of the selections, while his wife and other translators did a large portion of the translating and retelling of the actual stories, as acknowledged in the prefaces.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Children's literature or juvenile literature includes stories, books, magazines, and poems that are enjoyed by children.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Modern children's literature is classified in two different ways: genre or the intended age of the reader.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Children's literature can be traced to stories and songs, part of a wider oral tradition, that adults shared with children before publishing existed.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ The development of early children's literature, before printing was invented, is difficult to trace.", "Children's literature __knowledge__ Even after printing became widespread, many classic \"children's\" tales were originally created for adults and later adapted for a younger audience.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Elements of the supernatural and the fantastic were an element of literature from its beginning.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ The modern genre is distinguished from tales and folklore, that contain fantastic elements, by firstly the acknowledged fictitious nature of the work, and secondly the naming an author.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Works in which the marvels were not necessarily believed, or only half-believed, such as the European romances of chivalry and the tales of the \"Arabian Nights\", slowly evolved into works with such traits.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Authors like George MacDonald (1824 –1905) created the first explicitly fantastic works.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Later, in the twentieth century, the publication of \"The Lord of the Rings\" by J. R. R. Tolkien enormously influenced fantasy writing, establishing the form of epic fantasy.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Traditional stories, or stories about traditions, differ from both fiction and nonfiction in that the importance of transmitting the story's worldview is generally understood to transcend an immediate need to establish its categorization as imaginary or factual.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ In the academic circles of literature, religion, history, and anthropology, categories of traditional story are important terminology to identify and interpret stories more precisely.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ Some stories belong in multiple categories and some stories do not fit into any category.", "Traditional story __knowledge__ An \"anecdote\" is a short and amusing or interesting story about a biographical incident.", "Brothers Grimm __knowledge__ The Brothers Grimm (' or '), Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, were German academics, philologists, cultural researchers, lexicographers and authors who together collected and published folklore during the 19th century.", "Brothers Grimm __knowledge__ They were among the first and best-known collectors of folk tales, and popularized traditional oral tale types such as \"Cinderella\" (\"\"), \"The Frog Prince\" (\"\"), \"The Goose-Girl\" (\"Die Gänsemagd\"), \"Hansel and Gretel\" (\"\"), \"Rapunzel\", \"Rumpelstiltskin\" (\"\"), \"Sleeping Beauty\" (\"\"), and \"Snow White\" (\"\").", "Brothers Grimm __knowledge__ Their classic collection \"Children's and Household Tales\" (\"), was published in two volumes, in 1812 and in 1815." ] ]

[ 6, 10, 9, 17 ]

[ "Its a great movie, it also started the era of Disney Renaissance.", "Yeah Frozen is one of those movies. It was Disney 53rd animated film inspired by Hans Andersen fairy tale know as the Snow Queen.", "There has been many fairy tales stories already told. Its origins started in European tradition with childern literature.", "I love Shrek as Mike Myers as the lead character." ]

[ "The Little Mermaid (1989 film)", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film)", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film)", "The Little Mermaid (1989 film)" ]

[ "Chevrolet Corvette", "That's amazing, it's really a classic car", "Yeah, i think my dad had one in the 80s", "I see, do you know when the current model was made?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly.", "Classic car __knowledge__ A classic car is an older automobile; the exact definition varies around the world.", "Classic car __knowledge__ The common theme is of an older car with enough historical interest to be collectable and worth preserving or restoring rather than scrapping.", "Classic car __knowledge__ Cars 20 years and older typically fall into the antique class.", "Classic car __knowledge__ Organizations such as the Classic Car Club of America (CCCA) and the Antique Automobile Club of America (AACA) maintain a list of eligible unmodified cars that are called \"classic\".", "Classic car __knowledge__ These are described as \"fine\" or \"distinctive\" automobile, either American or foreign built, produced between 1915–1997 In the UK, 'classic cars' range from veteran (pre–First World War), to vintage (1919–1930), to post-vintage (1930s).", "NZ Classic Car magazine __knowledge__ NZ Classic Car is a monthly automotive magazine that has been published since December 1990.", "NZ Classic Car magazine __knowledge__ Its first issue was January 1991.", "NZ Classic Car magazine __knowledge__ The magazine also has an associated website that covers all things related to classic and historic cars, events, clubs, and related car culture in New Zealand and to a lesser extent Australia.", "NZ Classic Car magazine __knowledge__ It was the first magazine to be published after the inception of Parkside Publishing by Gregory and Carolyn Vincent.", "NZ Classic Car magazine __knowledge__ The publication began as a simple idea to put local classic car owners in touch with shows, events, car clubs and trade professionals.", "NZ Classic Car magazine __knowledge__ The people chosen to write for the magazine, and to highlight the local classic car scene, were passionate about the subject, and were generally classic car owners themselves.", "Classic Car Club __knowledge__ Classic Car Club (London) is a carsharing scheme operated by London Classic Autos Ltd.", "Classic Car Club __knowledge__ Established in 1995, the first carsharing club of its kind in the UK with over 50 vehicles based at the club's Hoxton headquarters.", "Classic Car Club __knowledge__ Classic Car Club differs from other carsharing schemes in that the cars it provides are classic and sports cars dating from 1959 to 2015.", "Classic Car Club __knowledge__ Classic Car Club was established in 1995 by a group of enthusiast classic car owners, originally based at Kings Cross and later having premises in Islington, Old Street and finally the current Hoxton location.", "Classic Car Club __knowledge__ Membership to Classic Car Club is not open as it is with schemes such as City Car Club.", "Classic Car Weekly __knowledge__ Classic Car Weekly is a British car newspaper published by the Bauer Media Group.", "Classic Car Weekly __knowledge__ Launched in 1990 by Emap, \"Classic Car Weekly\" comes out weekly on a Wednesday, and majors on news and auction coverage, as well as running regular articles on buying, selling, maintaining and driving classic cars.", "Classic Car Weekly __knowledge__ The current editor is David Simister.", "Classic Car Weekly __knowledge__ It is a newsprint A3-sized publication, and primarily carries a mixture of private-seller advertising and editorial articles.", "Classic Car Weekly __knowledge__ From 2002 to the end of 2009 the title was published under licence by Kelsey Publishing, Bauer Media, which had bought EMAP's consumer magazines in the meantime, took it back from Kelsey at the end of 2009.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ New Zealand had a long history of small garages and vehicle enthusiasts modifying and creating sports and sports racing cars.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ Out of these interests grew the New Zealand kit and replica car industry with the introduction of fibre-glass car bodies in the 1950s.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ In the early 1950s, with the advent of fibreglass bodied cars, a new opportunity arose for local companies associated with car enthusiasts to create car bodies.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ Among the first of these early manufacturers was Weltex Plastics Limited of Christchurch, which imported a Microplas Mistral sports car mould and began making bodies and chassis in 1956, along with Brian Jarvis.", "Classic Car Club of America __knowledge__ The Classic Car Club of America (CCCA) is an organization founded in 1952 to celebrate the grand automobiles of the prewar period.", "Classic Car Club of America __knowledge__ At the time, the vehicles covered by the Club were considered too modern to be of any interest by such organizations as the Antique Automobile Club of America and despite their often stupendous cost when new, were considered practically worthless.", "Classic Car Club of America __knowledge__ The vehicles eligible for CCCA membership are now some of the most highly valued cars in existence.", "Classic Car Club of America __knowledge__ In the words of the CCCA: The CCCA is considered to have invented the term classic car, which was coined to describe the vehicles covered by the Club's interest.", "Historic Automobile Group __knowledge__ The Historic Automobile Group International (HAGI) is a London-based research organization in the area of rare historic motorcars and collectors’ automobiles.", "Historic Automobile Group __knowledge__ HAGI is known for its classic car market indices, which have been calculated since December 2008, based on a proprietary market capitalization formula called “survivor weighting”.", "Historic Automobile Group __knowledge__ Founded in 2007 HAGI has strong established links with members of the financial industry in London, Asia and North America, as well as the sector for historic motorcars.", "Historic Automobile Group __knowledge__ Founding members are Dietrich Hatlapa, a former managing director of ING Barings financial markets, Hardeep Sohanpal, a publishing expert and private aviation specialist.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Seven Generations Charter School __knowledge__ Seven Generations Charter School is a small, suburban, public charter school located in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Seven Generations Charter School __knowledge__ The school was founded in 2009.", "Seven Generations Charter School __knowledge__ Seven Generations Charter School is operated under the oversight of a local Board of Trustees, the East Penn School District and the Pennsylvania Department of Education.", "Seven Generations Charter School __knowledge__ In 2013, the enrollment was 351 pupils, with 12% of pupils eligible for a federal free or reduced price lunch due to the family meeting the federal poverty level.", "Seven Generations Charter School __knowledge__ Additionally, 17.94% of the pupils receive special education services and 3.7% pupils were identified as gifted.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova was a small automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, and produced in five generations for the 1962 through 1979, and 1985 through 1988 model years.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Nova was the top model in the Chevy II lineup through 1968.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevy II nameplate was dropped, Nova becoming the nameplate for the 1969 through 1979 models.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Built on the X-body platform, the Nova was replaced by the 1980 Chevrolet Citation introduced in the spring of 1979.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Nova nameplate returned in 1985, produced through 1988 as a NUMMI manufactured, subcompact based on the front wheel drive, Japan home-based Toyota Sprinter.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C2) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C2) (also known as the Chevrolet Corvette Sting Ray) is the second generation of the Chevrolet Corvette sports car, produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors for the 1963 to 1967 model years.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C2) __knowledge__ The 1963 Sting Ray production car's lineage can be traced to two separate GM projects: the Q-Corvette, and perhaps more directly, Mitchell's racing Sting Ray.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C2) __knowledge__ The Q-Corvette, initiated in 1957, envisioned a smaller, more advanced Corvette as a coupe-only model, boasting a rear transaxle, independent rear suspension, and four-wheel disc brakes, with the rear brakes mounted inboard.", "Chevrolet Corvair __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvair is a compact car manufactured by Chevrolet for model years 1960–1969.", "Chevrolet Corvair __knowledge__ It was the only American-designed, mass-produced passenger car to use a rear-mounted, air-cooled engine.", "Chevrolet Corvair __knowledge__ Corvair models included a two-door coupe, convertible, four-door sedan, four-door station wagon, passenger van, commercial van, and pickup truck variants.", "Chevrolet Corvair __knowledge__ Contemporary competitors included the Volkswagen Beetle, Ford Falcon, Plymouth Valiant, Studebaker Lark, and the Rambler American.", "Chevrolet Corvair __knowledge__ The Corvair's reputation and the car's legacy was affected by several factors: there was controversy surrounding its handling, the car was scrutinized in Ralph Nader's 1965 book \"Unsafe at Any Speed\", along with the then GM's top management resorting to unethical measures to handle the issue, as well as a 1972 Texas A&M University safety commission report for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration that found that the 1960–1963 Corvair possessed no greater potential for loss of control in extreme situations than its contemporaries.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ All I Really Want to Do is the debut solo studio album by American singer-actress Cher and was released on October 16, 1965, by Imperial Records.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced for Cher by her then husband and singing partner, Sonny Bono, with contributions from arranger Harold Battiste.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album is by-and-large a collection of cover versions but does contain three songs written by Bono.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ Upon its release, the album was well received by critics and garnered positive reviews.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ At the same time that the duo Sonny & Cher were debuting on Atco Records, Sonny Bono arranged a solo deal for Cher on the Imperial label." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Secondary characters in Calvin and Hobbes __knowledge__ Bill Watterson's comic strip \"Calvin and Hobbes\" features a wide range of secondary characters.", "Secondary characters in Calvin and Hobbes __knowledge__ These range from his fellow students at school to monsters and aliens from Calvin's vivid imagination.", "Secondary characters in Calvin and Hobbes __knowledge__ Watterson has never given Calvin's parents' names \"because as far as the strip is concerned, they are important only as Calvin's mom and dad.\"", "Secondary characters in Calvin and Hobbes __knowledge__ However, Watterson sometimes uses them to explore situations adults can relate to, such as the desire to enjoy leisure time as opposed to the need to work, or bad customer service and frustrations when grocery shopping.", "Secondary characters in Calvin and Hobbes __knowledge__ Also, occasionally Watterson takes the time to flesh out the two parental characters.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ American Dad!", "American Dad! __knowledge__ is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane, Mike Barker, and Matt Weitzman for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ \"American Dad!\"", "American Dad! __knowledge__ is the first television series to have its inception on Animation Domination.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ The series premiered on February 6, 2005, following Super Bowl XXXIX, three months before the rest of the first season aired as part of the Animation Domination block, commencing on May 1, 2005.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ Creative direction of \"American Dad!\"", "American Dad! __knowledge__ has largely been guided by Barker (prior to his exit from the show in season 10) and Weitzman as opposed to MacFarlane, resulting in a series that is different from its counterparts.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C3) was a sports car that was produced by Chevrolet for the 1968 through 1982 model years.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ Engines and chassis components were mostly carried over from the previous generation, but the body and interior were new.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ It set new sales records with 53,807 produced for the 1979 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ The C3 is the third generation of the Chevrolet Corvette, while the 1969 through 1976 models mark the second generation of the Corvette Stingray.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ The Corvette C3 was patterned after the Mako Shark II designed by Larry Shinoda.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C3) __knowledge__ Executed under Bill Mitchell's direction, the Mako II had been initiated in early 1964.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C5) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C5) was the fifth generation of the Chevrolet Corvette sports car, produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors for the 1997 through 2004 model years.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C5) __knowledge__ A major change from its predecessor the C4, the C5 featured a hydroformed box frame, a design that offered an improved structural platform, especially for a convertible body style.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C5) __knowledge__ To improve handling, the transmission was relocated to form an integrated, rear-mounted transaxle assembly.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C5) __knowledge__ Connected to the all-new LS1 engine via a torque tube, the engine/transmission arrangement enabled a 50-50% front-rear weight distribution.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C1) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C1) is the first generation of the Corvette sports car produced by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C1) __knowledge__ It was introduced late in the 1953 model year, and produced through 1962.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C1) __knowledge__ It is commonly referred to as the \"solid-axle\" generation, as the independent rear suspension did not appear until the 1963 Sting Ray.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C1) __knowledge__ The Corvette was rushed into production for its debut model year to capitalize on the enthusiastic public reaction to the concept vehicle, but expectations for the new model were largely unfulfilled.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C1) __knowledge__ Reviews were mixed and sales fell far short of expectations through the car's early years.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C2) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C2) (also known as the Chevrolet Corvette Sting Ray) is the second generation of the Chevrolet Corvette sports car, produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors for the 1963 to 1967 model years.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C2) __knowledge__ The 1963 Sting Ray production car's lineage can be traced to two separate GM projects: the Q-Corvette, and perhaps more directly, Mitchell's racing Sting Ray.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C2) __knowledge__ The Q-Corvette, initiated in 1957, envisioned a smaller, more advanced Corvette as a coupe-only model, boasting a rear transaxle, independent rear suspension, and four-wheel disc brakes, with the rear brakes mounted inboard.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C4) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C4) was a sports car that was produced by Chevrolet for the 1984 through 1996 model years.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C4) __knowledge__ The convertible returned, as did higher performing engines, exemplified by the LT5 found in the ZR-1.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C4) __knowledge__ In early March 1990, the ZR-1 would set a new record for the highest 24 hour-5,000 mile land-speed by going over .", "Chevrolet Corvette (C4) __knowledge__ Though prices rose even as sales declined, the fourth generation Corvette won its own loyal following as one of the United States' most desirable sports cars.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C4) __knowledge__ The last C4 was produced on June 20, 1996.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C4) __knowledge__ The C4 Corvette was known for its evolved, sleek and modern look.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C4) __knowledge__ In a departure from the fiberglass panels of its forebearers, the C4's rear bumpers and panels were made from molding plastics, a sheet molding compound.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C7) __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette (C7) is a sports car produced by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C7) __knowledge__ The seventh generation Corvette was introduced for the 2014 model year as the first to bear the Corvette Stingray name since the 1968 third generation model.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C7) __knowledge__ The first C7 Corvette was delivered in the third quarter of 2013.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C7) __knowledge__ According to \"Motor Trend\", GM executives began planning the next-generation (C7) Corvette in 2007.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C7) __knowledge__ On October 18, 2012, GM made an official news announcement confirming it would debut on Sunday evening, January 13, 2013, in Detroit at the North American International Auto Show.", "Chevrolet Corvette (C7) __knowledge__ Chevrolet also showed the new Crossed Flags logo for the new 2014 Corvette." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly.", "Difference density map __knowledge__ In X-ray crystallography, a difference density map shows the spatial distribution of the difference between the measured electron density of the crystal and the electron density explained by the current model.", "Difference density map __knowledge__ These coefficients are derived from the gradient of the likelihood function of the observed structure factors on the basis of the current model.", "Difference density map __knowledge__ Conventionally, they are displayed as isosurfaces with positive density—electron density where there's nothing in the model, usually corresponding to some constituent of the crystal that hasn't been modelled, for example a ligand or a crystallisation adjutant -- in green, and negative density—parts of the model not backed up by electron density, indicating either that an atom has been disordered by radiation damage or that it is modelled in the wrong place—in red.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW (\"Bayerische Motoren Werke\" in German, or Bavarian Motor Works in English) is a German multinational automotive manufacturing company which currently produces automobiles and motorcycles, and also produced aircraft engines until 1945.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1916 and has its headquarters in Munich, Bavaria.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW produces motor vehicles in Germany, Brazil, China, India, South Africa and the United States.", "BMW __knowledge__ In 2015, BMW was the world's twelfth largest producer of motor vehicles, with 2,279,503 vehicles produced.", "BMW __knowledge__ The Quandt family are long-term shareholders of the company, with the remaining stocks owned by public float.", "Ruokangas Guitars __knowledge__ Ruokangas Guitars builds solid-body and semi-hollow electric guitars, including models such as Duke, VSOP, Mojo, Hellcat and Unicorn.", "Ruokangas Guitars __knowledge__ The company builds guitars using traditional methods – no modern computer-controlled machinery or serial production methods are used.", "Ruokangas Guitars __knowledge__ Each guitar is built individually by a luthier.", "Ruokangas Guitars __knowledge__ Ruokangas Guitars is a privately held corporation, solely owned by Master Luthier Juha Ruokangas.", "Ruokangas Guitars __knowledge__ 1995 – Juha Ruokangas founds the company as a sole trader and rents a small workshop facility in Finland, Hyvinkää at Wanha Villatehdas, building and repairing guitars.", "Ruokangas Guitars __knowledge__ 1996 – Juha starts using moose shin bone as nut material in all his guitars and repairwork.", "Human sexual response cycle __knowledge__ The human sexual response cycle is a four-stage model of physiological responses to sexual stimulation, which, in order of their occurrence, are the excitement phase, plateau phase, orgasmic phase, and resolution phase.", "Human sexual response cycle __knowledge__ This physiological response model was first formulated by William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson in their 1966 book \"Human Sexual Response\".", "Human sexual response cycle __knowledge__ Since then, other human sexual response models have been formulated.", "Human sexual response cycle __knowledge__ The excitement phase (also known as the arousal phase or initial excitement phase) is the first stage of the human sexual response cycle, which occurs as a result of physical or mental erotic stimuli, such as kissing, petting, or viewing erotic images, that leads to sexual arousal.", "Presidential state car (United States) __knowledge__ The United States presidential state car (nicknamed \"The Beast\", \"Cadillac One\", \"Limousine One\", \"First Car\"; code named \"Stagecoach\") is the official state car of the President of the United States.", "Presidential state car (United States) __knowledge__ The current model of presidential state car is a unique Cadillac built upon a medium-duty truck platform.", "Presidential state car (United States) __knowledge__ The car is equipped with many life-saving, offensive, and defensive measures, and is built to the United States Secret Service's standards.", "Presidential state car (United States) __knowledge__ When riding in the state car, the president is cut off from the outside world, but has extensive 21st-century communications gear at hand.", "Comparison of the AK-47 and M16 __knowledge__ The two most common assault rifles in the world are the Soviet AK-47 and the American M16.", "Comparison of the AK-47 and M16 __knowledge__ These Cold War-era rifles have been used in conflicts both large and small since the 1960s.", "Comparison of the AK-47 and M16 __knowledge__ They are used by military, police, security forces, revolutionaries, terrorists, criminals and civilians alike and will most likely continue to be used for decades to come.", "Comparison of the AK-47 and M16 __knowledge__ As a result, they have been the subject of countless comparisons and endless debate.", "Comparison of the AK-47 and M16 __knowledge__ The AK-47 was finalized, adopted and entered widespread service in the Soviet Army in the early 1950s.", "Comparison of the AK-47 and M16 __knowledge__ Its firepower, ease of use, low production costs, and reliability were perfectly suited for the Soviet Army's new mobile warfare doctrines.", "Marlin Model 336 __knowledge__ The Marlin Model 336 is a lever-action rifle and carbine made by Marlin Firearms.", "Marlin Model 336 __knowledge__ Since its introduction in 1948, it has been offered in a number of different calibers and barrel lengths, but is commonly chambered in .30-30 Winchester or .35 Remington, using a 20- or 24-inch barrel.", "Marlin Model 336 __knowledge__ Currently, the model with a 24-inch barrel is only available in .30-30 Winchester.", "Marlin Model 336 __knowledge__ The Model 336 is currently produced by Remington Arms.", "Marlin Model 336 __knowledge__ The Model 336 is a direct development of the Marlin Model 1893 rifle which was produced from 1893 to 1936.", "Marlin Model 336 __knowledge__ Based on the patents of L.L.", "Marlin Model 336 __knowledge__ Hepburn, the Model 1893 incorporated a new locking bolt system and a two-piece firing pin.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ In military organizations, the practice of carrying colours, standards or guidons, both to act as a rallying point for troops and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Ancient Egypt some 5,000 years ago.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ The Roman Empire also made battle standards a part of their vast armies.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ It was formalized in the armies of Europe in the High Middle Ages, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ As armies became trained and adopted set formations, each regiment's ability to keep its formation was potentially critical to its, and therefore its army's, success.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ Jack Reacher is a fictional character and the protagonist of a series of books by British author Lee Child.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ After leaving the US Army as a major in its military police at age 36, Reacher roams the United States taking odd jobs and investigating suspicious and frequently dangerous situations.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ , 22 novels have been published, the most recent being \"The Midnight Line\".", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ Two of the novels have been adapted into successful films, starring Tom Cruise as Reacher.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ At the time Lee Child sat down to write his first novel \"Killing Floor\", he was unemployed, having been fired from his position as a presentation director for Granada Television.", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ The flag of Germany or German Flag () is a tricolour consisting of three equal horizontal bands displaying the national colours of Germany: black, red, and gold ().", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ The flag was first adopted as the national flag of modern Germany in 1919, during the short-lived Weimar Republic to 1933.", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ Germany has two competing traditions of national colours, black-red-gold and black-white-red, which have played an important role in the modern history of Germany.", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ The black-red-gold tricolour's first appearance anywhere in a German-ethnicity sovereign state within what today comprises Germany occurred in 1778, and achieved prominence during the 1848 Revolutions.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ This is a list of famous big game hunters who gained fame largely or solely because of their big game hunting exploits.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ The members of this list either hunted big game professionally for profit, the science of their day or by virtue of their wealth or position for sport consistently as their primary pastime for many years, and includes brief biographical details particularly concerning the game hunted, the hunting methods employed and the hunting weapons used by those listed.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ Frank Maurice \"Bunny\" Allen (1906–2002) was an English born professional safari guide in Kenya.", "List of famous big game hunters __knowledge__ Born in Buckinghamshire, as a young boy Allen learnt to poach game, gaining the nickname “Bunny” for his skill at snaring rabbits.", "Jack Reacher: Never Go Back __knowledge__ Jack Reacher: Never Go Back is a 2016 American action thriller film directed by Edward Zwick and written by Zwick, Richard Wenk and Marshall Herskovitz, based on the novel \"Never Go Back\" by Lee Child.", "Jack Reacher: Never Go Back __knowledge__ A sequel to the 2012 film \"Jack Reacher\", the film stars Tom Cruise, Cobie Smulders, Patrick Heusinger, Aldis Hodge, Danika Yarosh and Holt McCallany.", "Jack Reacher: Never Go Back __knowledge__ The plot follows Reacher going on-the-run with an Army Major who has been framed for espionage and reveals a dark conspiracy.", "Jack Reacher: Never Go Back __knowledge__ Principal photography began on October 20, 2015, in New Orleans and the film was released on October 21, 2016, in IMAX and conventional formats.", "National colours of Germany __knowledge__ The national colours of the Federal Republic of Germany are officially black, red and gold, defined with the adoption of the German flag as a tricolour with these colours in 1949.", "National colours of Germany __knowledge__ The colours ultimately hark back to the tricolour adopted by the \"Urburschenschaft\" of Jena in 1815, representing an early phase in the development of German nationalism and the idea of a unified German state.", "National colours of Germany __knowledge__ Since the 1860s, there has been a competing tradition of national colours as black, white and red, based on the Hanseatic flags, used as the flag of the North German Confederation and the German Empire.", "National colours of Germany __knowledge__ The Weimar Republic in 1919 opted to re-introduce the black, red and gold tricolour.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 11, 8 ]

[ "I really want a Chevy Corvette so my life can be complete. It's been produced through seven generations!", "The first corvette model was a convertible; introduced in 1953. I bet it was beautiful", "They will never go out of style! Some of the first colours were \"sportsman\" red, black, and white.", "I do not! I do know that first production was on June 30, 1953" ]

[ "Chevrolet Corvette", "Chevrolet Corvette", "Chevrolet Corvette", "Chevrolet Corvette" ]

[ "The Chainsmokers\nWho is a chainsmoker?", "I was thinking it's referring to someone who is addicted to smoke, either cigeratte or marijuana", "Fantastic. Do they have any popular song?", "When is their next world tour or live show I would like to attend their gig", "It means they must be really good. I think it's because i'm so addicted to country music thats why I don't know them but will check them out. Thanks" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers is an American DJ/production duo consisting of Alex Pall and Andrew Taggart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The EDM-pop duo achieved a breakthrough with their 2014 song \"#Selfie\", which was a top twenty single in several countries.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Their debut EP, \"Bouquet\" was released in October 2015 and featured the single \"Roses\", which reached the top 10 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ \"Don't Let Me Down\" became their first top 5 single there and won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording at the 59th awards ceremony, while \"Closer\" became their first number-one single on the chart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ They have also won two American Music Awards and five iHeartRadio Music Awards.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The duo's second EP \"Collage\" was released in November 2016, succeeded by the release of their debut studio album, \"Memories...Do Not Open\", in April 2017.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were initially made up of Pall and former DJ Rhett Bixler.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were re-formed as an EDM DJ duo in 2012 under the management of Adam Alpert in New York City.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall, who had grown up DJing, was introduced to Taggart by Alpert, and had been working at an art gallery in Chelsea, Manhattan at the time.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall attended New York University for art history and music business.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Taggart had been attending Syracuse University and was interning at Interscope Records before the two met.", "Chainsmoker LP __knowledge__ Chainsmoker LP is the debut solo album from American rapper Monoxide Child of the House of Krazees, Twiztid, Dark Lotus Psychopathic Rydas, and Triple Threat.", "Chainsmoker LP __knowledge__ It was released on November 16, 2004.", "Chainsmoker LP __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 3 on \"Billboard\"'s Top Heatseekers, number 14 on the magazine's Top Independent Albums chart, and number 191 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Monoxide Child __knowledge__ Paul Robert Methric (born July 14, 1973) is an American rapper and producer from Detroit, Michigan, well known as Monoxide Child of the rap group Twiztid.", "Monoxide Child __knowledge__ Paul Methric began rapping as a teenager while he was in high school and listened to Bon Jovi for inspiration of lyrics he said.", "Monoxide Child __knowledge__ In school, Methric and friend Jamie Spaniolo would freestyle with other kids, though the two felt they were never great at promptly coming up with rhymes.", "Monoxide Child __knowledge__ Both recall going to school with late-rapper Proof and seeing him freestyle, describing him as \"the mecca of freestyling\".", "Monoxide Child __knowledge__ Methric and Spaniolo also participated in freestyle battles at the Hip Hop Shop on a weekly basis.", "Blackpool Pleasure Beach __knowledge__ Blackpool Pleasure Beach is an amusement park situated along the Fylde coast in Blackpool, Lancashire, England.", "Blackpool Pleasure Beach __knowledge__ The park was founded in 1896 and has been owned and operated by the Thompson family since its inception.", "Blackpool Pleasure Beach __knowledge__ It is one of the most visited tourist attractions in the United Kingdom, and one of the top twenty most visited amusement parks in the world, with a peak estimate of 5.5 million visitors in 2007.", "Blackpool Pleasure Beach __knowledge__ In 2014 it was voted as the best theme park in the United Kingdom and the ninth best park in Europe by the Travelers' Choice Awards.", "Blackpool Pleasure Beach __knowledge__ The park is host to many records, including the largest number of roller coasters of any park in the United Kingdom with ten, of which four are wooden: the Big Dipper, Blue Flyer, Grand National and Nickelodeon Streak.", "Lesson of the Evil __knowledge__ , known in English as Lesson of the Evil, is a 2012 Japanese slasher film directed by Takashi Miike starring Hideaki Itō.", "Lesson of the Evil __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of Yusuke Kishi's 2010 novel of the same name.", "Lesson of the Evil __knowledge__ The film contains many references to German culture, such as to Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther and in the film a vinyl record with the German song about Mack the Knife written by Bertolt Brecht is played.", "Lesson of the Evil __knowledge__ An English teacher named Seiji Hasumi (Hideaki Itō) is loved by his students and respected by his peers.", "Lesson of the Evil __knowledge__ He graduates from Harvard University with an MBA, and works at Morgenstern, a European investment bank, for two years.", "Janne Westerlund __knowledge__ Janne Westerlund (born 1973) is a Finnish musician, songwriter and visual artist known from such Finnish groups as Circle (with the band since 2001), Pharaoh Overlord, and Plain Ride.", "Janne Westerlund __knowledge__ His main instrument is guitar but on his solo gigs he plays banjo as well.", "Janne Westerlund __knowledge__ He sings and writes lyrics mainly in English.", "Janne Westerlund __knowledge__ Westerlund's career started in the beginning of the 1990s in a small Finnish city called Hamina when he founded Sweetheart, an experimental noise rock group, with his friends.", "Janne Westerlund __knowledge__ After Sweetheart, he released two albums of \"organic electronica\" with a trio called Chainsmoker.", "Janne Westerlund __knowledge__ All the studio and live recordings with his past and present bands included, Westerlund has played on approximately 50 albums.", "California Eagles (AIF) __knowledge__ The California Eagles were a professional indoor football team based in Stockton, California.", "California Eagles (AIF) __knowledge__ The team was a member of the Western Conference of American Indoor Football (AIF) during the 2012 season.", "California Eagles (AIF) __knowledge__ The Eagles played their home games at the Stockton Arena.", "California Eagles (AIF) __knowledge__ The Eagles became an expansion member of the re-branded American Indoor Football for the 2012 season.", "California Eagles (AIF) __knowledge__ The Eagles were brought in by owner Dan Whited.", "California Eagles (AIF) __knowledge__ The Eagles began the season 3-2, when the team suspended operations due to Whited failing to meet financial obligations.", "California Eagles (AIF) __knowledge__ However, the Western Conference champion, Ontario Warriors, were suspended by the AIF, and the Eagles were thrown into the AIF Championship Game to play the Eastern Conference champions, the Cape Fear Heroes.", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ Spring Bears Love (aka Do You Like Spring Bear?)", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ is a 2003 South Korean film directed by Donald Yong-ih.", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ A young woman named Hyun-chae is on train looking through an art book.", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ As she turns the pages, she discovers a written message underneath a picture of bears playing together in the springtime.", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ She reads: \"I like you so much.\"", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ \"Like a bear in springtime, I know your secrets\" \"... you're like a lovely bear.\"", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ \"This is just the beginning of my love for you.\"", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ \"Next book is Gustave Caillebette 'Young Man at His Window.\"", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ Hyun-chae is an unlucky girl who has trouble finding love.", "Spring Bears Love __knowledge__ Born with bad manners, she is unable to keep a guy for very long." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers is an American DJ/production duo consisting of Alex Pall and Andrew Taggart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The EDM-pop duo achieved a breakthrough with their 2014 song \"#Selfie\", which was a top twenty single in several countries.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Their debut EP, \"Bouquet\" was released in October 2015 and featured the single \"Roses\", which reached the top 10 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ \"Don't Let Me Down\" became their first top 5 single there and won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording at the 59th awards ceremony, while \"Closer\" became their first number-one single on the chart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ They have also won two American Music Awards and five iHeartRadio Music Awards.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The duo's second EP \"Collage\" was released in November 2016, succeeded by the release of their debut studio album, \"Memories...Do Not Open\", in April 2017.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were initially made up of Pall and former DJ Rhett Bixler.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were re-formed as an EDM DJ duo in 2012 under the management of Adam Alpert in New York City.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall, who had grown up DJing, was introduced to Taggart by Alpert, and had been working at an art gallery in Chelsea, Manhattan at the time.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall attended New York University for art history and music business.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Taggart had been attending Syracuse University and was interning at Interscope Records before the two met.", "Underage smoking in Australia __knowledge__ Underage smoking in Australia is still a major concern, although the Australian government has reduced the number of smokers each year through numerous and intensive anti-smoking campaigns (National Tobacco Campaign).", "Underage smoking in Australia __knowledge__ As a result, statistics have been recorded and compared from surveys completed throughout Australia, showing how the numbers of underage smokers have drastically decreased in the years between 1991 and 2013.", "Underage smoking in Australia __knowledge__ However, adolescents are still being pressured to try smoking (whether intentionally or not) by various influences including family, peers, and advertising campaigns.", "Underage smoking in Australia __knowledge__ The amount of advertising that is being publicized is still striking attention in adolescent’s minds.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ Many urban legends and misconceptions about drugs have been created and circulated among young people and the general public, with varying degrees of veracity.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ These are commonly repeated by organizations which oppose all classified drug use, often causing the true effects and dangers of drugs to be misunderstood and less scrutinized.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ The most common subjects of such false beliefs are LSD, cannabis, and MDMA.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ These misconceptions include misinformation about adulterants or other black market issues, as well as alleged effects of the pure substances.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ Some of the strangest urban legends told are those about lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), a potent psychedelic drug that gained popularity in several countries in the 1960s and 1970s, and experienced a brief resurgence in the mid to late 1990s before declining from 2000 onward.", "Weekend at Burnsie's __knowledge__ \"Weekend at Burnsie's\" is the sixteenth episode of \"The Simpsons\" thirteenth season.", "Weekend at Burnsie's __knowledge__ It first aired in the United States on the Fox network on April 7, 2002.", "Weekend at Burnsie's __knowledge__ In the episode, Homer Simpson is prescribed medicinal marijuana after getting pecked in the eyes by a murder of crows.", "Weekend at Burnsie's __knowledge__ While his family and friends worry about the drug altering his personality, Homer becomes Mr. Burns's vice president after cracking up at Burns's antiquated jokes.", "Weekend at Burnsie's __knowledge__ The episode was directed by Michael Marcantel.", "Weekend at Burnsie's __knowledge__ The plot idea for the episode was pitched by George Meyer, who wanted to make an episode about Homer getting addicted to medicinal marijuana.", "Decriminalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the non-medical use of cannabis is decriminalized in 13 states (plus the U.S. Virgin Islands), and legalized in another 9 states (plus the District of Columbia), as of January 2018.", "Decriminalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States __knowledge__ \"Decriminalization\" refers to a policy in which individuals caught possessing small amounts of cannabis will not face criminal prosecution, and instead will be subject to only some type of lesser civil penalty (often similar to how a minor traffic violation is treated).", "Decriminalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States __knowledge__ In jurisdictions without any such penalties, the policy is referred to as legalization, although the term decriminalization is sometimes broadly used for this purpose as well.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ The effects of cannabis are caused by the chemical compounds in the plant, including cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is only one of more than 100 different cannabinoids present in the plant.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ Cannabis has various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ Different plants of the genus Cannabis contain different and often unpredictable concentrations of THC and other cannabinoids and hundreds of other molecules that have a pharmacological effect, so that the final net effect cannot reliably be foreseen.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ Acute effects while under the influence can include euphoria and anxiety.", "Marijuana Policy Project __knowledge__ The Marijuana Policy Project (MPP) is the largest organization working solely on marijuana policy reform in the United States in terms of its budget, number of members, and staff.", "Marijuana Policy Project __knowledge__ Its stated aims are to: (1) increase public support for non-punitive, non-coercive marijuana policies; (2) identify and activate supporters of non-punitive, non-coercive marijuana policies; (3) change state laws to reduce or eliminate penalties for the medical and non-medical use of marijuana; and (4) gain influence in Congress.", "Marijuana Policy Project __knowledge__ MPP advocates taxing and regulating the possession and sale of marijuana in a manner similar to alcohol, envisions a nation where marijuana education is honest and realistic, and believes treatment for problem marijuana users should be non-coercive and geared toward reducing harm.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the \"Cannabis\" plant intended for medical or recreational use.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ The main psychoactive part of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); one of 483 known compounds in the plant, including at least 65 other cannabinoids.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Cannabis can be used by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Cannabis is often used for its mental and physical effects, such as a \"high\" or \"stoned\" feeling, a general change in perception, euphoria (heightened mood), and an increase in appetite.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Onset of effects is within minutes when smoked, and about 30 to 60 minutes when cooked and eaten.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ \"Closer\" is a song by American DJ duo The Chainsmokers, featuring American singer Halsey.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ Andrew Taggart (one half of The Chainsmokers) also provides his vocals in the song.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It was released on July 29, 2016, through Disruptor Records and Columbia Records.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Andrew Taggart, Ashley Frangipane, Shaun Frank, Freddy Kennett, Isaac Slade and Joe King, while the production was handled by The Chainsmokers.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ Musically it is an EDM song with a \"retro\" style synthesizer in the chorus.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ In the United States, \"Closer\" became both The Chainsmokers' and Halsey's first number one single on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Habits (Stay High) __knowledge__ \"Habits (Stay High)\" is a song recorded by Swedish singer Tove Lo from her debut extended play (EP), \"Truth Serum\", and her debut studio album, \"Queen of the Clouds\" (2014).", "Habits (Stay High) __knowledge__ It was written by Lo with Ludvig Söderberg and Jakob Jerlström, while it was produced by the latter two under the production name The Struts.", "Habits (Stay High) __knowledge__ Initially, the singer self-released the song under the title \"Habits\" on 15 March 2013 as her second independently-released single.", "Habits (Stay High) __knowledge__ After Lo was signed to Universal Music, the track was re-released on 6 December 2013 under the title of \"Habits (Stay High)\" as both the second single from \"Truth Serum\" and the lead single from \"Queen of the Clouds\".", "Don't Let Me Down (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ \"Don't Let Me Down\" is a song by American production duo The Chainsmokers.", "Don't Let Me Down (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ The song features the vocals of American singer Daya, and was released on February 5, 2016, through Disruptor Records and Columbia Records.", "Don't Let Me Down (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Andrew Taggart, Emily Warren and Scott Harris.", "Don't Let Me Down (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2016, as the radio single follow-up to \"Roses\".", "Don't Let Me Down (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ \"Don't Let Me Down\" became both The Chainsmokers' and Daya's first top five single on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, peaking at number three.", "Don't Let Me Down (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It also became The Chainsmokers' second consecutive top 10 entry after \"Roses\", which peaked at number six.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ \"#Selfie\" is a song produced by American DJ duo The Chainsmokers.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ It was released on January 29, 2014, through Dim Mak Records.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers, composed of Andrew Taggart and Alex Pall, had noticed how the word selfie had become a trend and they wanted to take advantage of it.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ They made a demo of a song containing monologue from a female clubber about taking good selfies.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ Inspiration came from the regular club going women that the Chainsmokers saw on their nights out in New York City.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ So when they were composing the track, they wanted to incorporate the \"let me take a selfie\" line in it somehow.", "Paris (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ \"Paris\" is a song by American DJ duo The Chainsmokers.", "Paris (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It features uncredited vocals from American singer Emily Warren, who also co-wrote \"Don't Let Me Down\".", "Paris (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It was released on January 13, 2017 as the lead single from their debut album, \"Memories...Do Not Open\", through Disruptor Records and Columbia Records.", "Paris (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It was served to Top 40 radio on January 17, 2017 as the follow-up radio single to \"Closer\".", "Paris (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It reached the top 10 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Paris (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ The single became the duo's fourth number one on the \"Billboard\" Dance/Mix Show Airplay chart in its February 25, 2017 issue, and their fifth number one on the magazine's Dance/Electronic Songs chart in its March 11, 2017 issue.", "All We Know __knowledge__ \"All We Know\" is a song by American DJ duo The Chainsmokers.", "All We Know __knowledge__ It features vocals from Andrew Taggart (one half of The Chainsmokers) and American singer Phoebe Ryan.", "All We Know __knowledge__ The song was released on September 29, 2016, through Disruptor Records and Columbia Records.", "All We Know __knowledge__ On the song, The Chainsmokers said \"It's about the hardships of relationships but never giving up on your ride or die.\"", "All We Know __knowledge__ The song is written in the key of C major with a common time tempo of 90 beats per minute with a chord progression of C – Fsus2 – Am.", "All We Know __knowledge__ The vocals span from G to A in the song.", "All We Know __knowledge__ The lyrics were written by Taggart and Swedish songwriting duo SHY—made up of Sara Hjellström and Nirob Islam (aka SHY Martin and SHY Nodi, respectively)—while the production was handled by The Chainsmokers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers is an American DJ/production duo consisting of Alex Pall and Andrew Taggart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The EDM-pop duo achieved a breakthrough with their 2014 song \"#Selfie\", which was a top twenty single in several countries.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Their debut EP, \"Bouquet\" was released in October 2015 and featured the single \"Roses\", which reached the top 10 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ \"Don't Let Me Down\" became their first top 5 single there and won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording at the 59th awards ceremony, while \"Closer\" became their first number-one single on the chart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ They have also won two American Music Awards and five iHeartRadio Music Awards.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The duo's second EP \"Collage\" was released in November 2016, succeeded by the release of their debut studio album, \"Memories...Do Not Open\", in April 2017.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were initially made up of Pall and former DJ Rhett Bixler.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were re-formed as an EDM DJ duo in 2012 under the management of Adam Alpert in New York City.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall, who had grown up DJing, was introduced to Taggart by Alpert, and had been working at an art gallery in Chelsea, Manhattan at the time.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall attended New York University for art history and music business.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Taggart had been attending Syracuse University and was interning at Interscope Records before the two met.", "Fantastic Four __knowledge__ The Fantastic Four is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Fantastic Four __knowledge__ The group debuted in \"The Fantastic Four\" #1 (cover dated Nov. 1961), which helped to usher in a new level of realism in the medium.", "Fantastic Four __knowledge__ The Fantastic Four was the first superhero team created by editor/co-plotter Stan Lee and artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby, who developed a collaborative approach to creating comics with this title that they would use from then on.", "Fantastic Four __knowledge__ The four individuals traditionally associated with the Fantastic Four, who gained superpowers after exposure to cosmic rays during a scientific mission to outer space, are Mister Fantastic (Reed Richards), a scientific genius and the leader of the group, who can stretch his body into incredible lengths and shapes; the Invisible Woman (Susan \"Sue\" Storm), who eventually married Reed, who can render herself invisible and later project powerful invisible force fields; the Human Torch (Johnny Storm), Sue's younger brother, who can generate flames, surround himself with them and fly; and the monstrous Thing (Ben Grimm), their grumpy but benevolent friend, a former college football star and Reed's college roommate as well as a good pilot, who possesses tremendous superhuman strength, durability, and endurance due to the nature of his stone-like flesh.", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Fantastic was an American digest size fantasy and science fiction magazine, published from 1952 to 1980.", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ It was founded by Ziff Davis as a fantasy companion to \"Amazing Stories\".", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Early sales were good, and Ziff Davis quickly decided to switch \"Amazing\" from pulp format to digest, and to cease publication of their other science fiction pulp, \"Fantastic Adventures\".", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Within a few years sales fell, and Howard Browne, the editor, was forced to switch the focus to science fiction rather than fantasy.", "Fantastic (magazine) __knowledge__ Browne lost interest in the magazine as a result and the magazine generally ran poor quality fiction in the mid-1950s, under Browne and his successor, Paul W. Fairman.", "Role of music in World War II __knowledge__ World War II was the first conflict to take place in the age of electronically mass distributed music Many people in the war listened to radio and long playing records en masse.", "Role of music in World War II __knowledge__ By 1940, 96.2% of Northeastern American urban households had radio.", "Role of music in World War II __knowledge__ The lowest American demographic to embrace mass distributed music, Southern rural families, still had 1 radio for every two households.", "Role of music in World War II __knowledge__ Similar adoption rates of electronically mass distributed music occurred in Europe.", "Role of music in World War II __knowledge__ During the Nazi rule, radio ownership in Germany rose from 4 to 16 million households.", "Role of music in World War II __knowledge__ As the major powers entered the war, millions of citizens had home radio devices that did not exist in the First World War.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ Fantastic Adventures was an American pulp fantasy and science fiction magazine, published from 1939 to 1953 by Ziff-Davis.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ It was initially edited by Raymond A. Palmer, who was also the editor of \"Amazing Stories\", Ziff-Davis's other science fiction title.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ The first nine issues were in bedsheet format, but in June 1940 the magazine switched to a standard pulp size.", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ It was almost cancelled at the end of 1940, but the October 1940 issue enjoyed unexpectedly good sales, helped by a strong cover by J. Allen St. John for Robert Moore Williams' \"Jongor of Lost Land\".", "Fantastic Adventures __knowledge__ By May 1941 the magazine was on a regular monthly schedule.", "Fantastic Four (comic book) __knowledge__ Fantastic Four is the name of several comic book titles featuring the team Fantastic Four and published by Marvel Comics, beginning with the original \"Fantastic Four\" comic book series which debuted in 1961.", "Fantastic Four (comic book) __knowledge__ As the first superhero team title produced by Marvel Comics, it formed a cornerstone of the company's 1960s rise from a small division of a publishing company to a pop culture conglomerate.", "Fantastic Four (comic book) __knowledge__ The title would go on to showcase the talents of comics creators such as Roy Thomas, John Buscema, George Pérez, John Byrne, Steve Englehart, Walt Simonson, and Tom DeFalco, and is one of several Marvel titles originating in the Silver Age of Comic Books that was continuously published through 2015.", "Famous Fantastic Mysteries __knowledge__ Famous Fantastic Mysteries was an American science fiction and fantasy pulp magazine published from 1939 to 1953.", "Famous Fantastic Mysteries __knowledge__ The editor was Mary Gnaedinger.", "Famous Fantastic Mysteries __knowledge__ It was launched by the Munsey Company as a way to reprint the many science fiction and fantasy stories which had appeared over the preceding decades in the Munsey magazines, such as \"Argosy\".", "Famous Fantastic Mysteries __knowledge__ The first issue was dated September/October 1939; the magazine was immediately successful, and less than a year later a companion magazine, \"Fantastic Novels\", was launched.", "Famous Fantastic Mysteries __knowledge__ Frequently reprinted authors included George Allan England, A. Merritt, and Austin Hall; the artwork was also a major reason for the success of the magazine, with artists such as Virgil Finlay and Lawrence Stevens contributing some of their best work.", "Comte Arnau __knowledge__ In Catalan mythology, Comte Arnau (Count Arnau) is a legendary nobleman from Ripollès who, for his rapacious cruelty and lechery, is condemned to ride an undead horse for eternity while his flesh is devoured by flames.", "Comte Arnau __knowledge__ He is the subject of a classic traditional Catalan ballad.", "Comte Arnau __knowledge__ The legend has its origins in a popular song of the sixteenth century.", "Comte Arnau __knowledge__ The legend of Count Arnau is the quintessential myth of medieval Catalonia.", "Comte Arnau __knowledge__ It is based on a popular song that has survived the passage of time.", "Comte Arnau __knowledge__ According to tradition, many centuries ago, a certain Count Arnau committed two sins: to succumb to the pleasures of the flesh with an abbess and not paying his vassals for some work they had done for him.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ \"#Selfie\" is a song produced by American DJ duo The Chainsmokers.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ It was released on January 29, 2014, through Dim Mak Records.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers, composed of Andrew Taggart and Alex Pall, had noticed how the word selfie had become a trend and they wanted to take advantage of it.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ They made a demo of a song containing monologue from a female clubber about taking good selfies.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ Inspiration came from the regular club going women that the Chainsmokers saw on their nights out in New York City.", "Selfie (song) __knowledge__ So when they were composing the track, they wanted to incorporate the \"let me take a selfie\" line in it somehow.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ Electronic dance music (also known as EDM, dance music, club music, or simply dance) is a broad range of percussive electronic music genres made largely for nightclubs, raves, and festivals.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM is generally produced for playback by disc jockeys (DJs) who create seamless selections of tracks, called a mix, by segueing from one recording to another.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ EDM producers also perform their music live in a concert or festival setting in what is sometimes called a live PA.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In Europe, EDM is more commonly called 'dance music' or simply 'dance'.", "Electronic dance music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s and early 1990s, following the emergence of raving, pirate radio, and an upsurge of interest in club culture, EDM acquired mainstream popularity in Europe.", "Selfie __knowledge__ A selfie () is a self-portrait photograph, typically taken with a smartphone which may be held in the hand or supported by a selfie stick.", "Selfie __knowledge__ Selfies are often shared on social networking services such as Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat.", "Selfie __knowledge__ They are for vanity usually flattering and made to appear casual.", "Selfie __knowledge__ \"Selfie\" typically refers to self-portrait photos taken with the camera held at arm's length or pointed at a mirror, as opposed to those taken by using a self-timer or remote.", "Selfie __knowledge__ According to the Oxford English Dictionary, a selfie is described as, \"A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically one taken with a smartphone and shared via social media\".", "Level3 (Perfume album) __knowledge__ Level3 (stylized as LEVEL3) is the fourth studio album by Japanese girl group Perfume.", "Level3 (Perfume album) __knowledge__ It was released on October 2, 2013, by Universal J and Perfume Records.", "Level3 (Perfume album) __knowledge__ \"Level3\" marks Perfume s fourth consecutive album to be fully produced by Japanese producer and Capsule member Yasutaka Nakata, while Perfume contributes to the album as the lead, background vocalists, and executive producers through their self-titled record label.", "Level3 (Perfume album) __knowledge__ Recorded in Japanese and English language, \"Level3\" is an electronic dance album that borrows numerous musical elements including J-pop, house music, and technopop.", "Level3 (Perfume album) __knowledge__ \"Level3\" was recorded and mixed in Japan, with the assistance of Nakata.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Girls' Generation (), also known as SNSD, is a South Korean girl group formed by S.M.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Entertainment.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ The group is composed of eight members: Taeyeon, Sunny, Tiffany, Hyoyeon, Yuri, Sooyoung, Yoona and Seohyun.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Originally a nine-piece group, Jessica later departed from the group in September 2014.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Girls' Generation debuted in 2007 with their Korean eponymous debut album.", "Girls' Generation __knowledge__ Though the album gained some attention, it was not until 2009 that the group rose to fame with the single \"Gee\", which claimed the top spot on KBS's \"Music Bank\" for a record-breaking nine consecutive weeks and was named the most popular song of the 2000s in South Korea by Melon." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers is an American DJ/production duo consisting of Alex Pall and Andrew Taggart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The EDM-pop duo achieved a breakthrough with their 2014 song \"#Selfie\", which was a top twenty single in several countries.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Their debut EP, \"Bouquet\" was released in October 2015 and featured the single \"Roses\", which reached the top 10 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ \"Don't Let Me Down\" became their first top 5 single there and won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording at the 59th awards ceremony, while \"Closer\" became their first number-one single on the chart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ They have also won two American Music Awards and five iHeartRadio Music Awards.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The duo's second EP \"Collage\" was released in November 2016, succeeded by the release of their debut studio album, \"Memories...Do Not Open\", in April 2017.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were initially made up of Pall and former DJ Rhett Bixler.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were re-formed as an EDM DJ duo in 2012 under the management of Adam Alpert in New York City.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall, who had grown up DJing, was introduced to Taggart by Alpert, and had been working at an art gallery in Chelsea, Manhattan at the time.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall attended New York University for art history and music business.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Taggart had been attending Syracuse University and was interning at Interscope Records before the two met.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were pioneers in the live music experience, renowned for their lavish stage shows that combine intense visual experiences with music to create a show in which the performers themselves are almost secondary.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Pink Floyd's combination of music and visuals set the standard for rock musicians.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ As well as visuals, Pink Floyd set standards in sound quality with innovative use of sound effects and panning quadrophonic speaker systems.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Besides the music, arguably the most important and certainly the most elaborate part to any Pink Floyd live show is the special effects.", "Pink Floyd live performances __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were among the first bands to use a dedicated travelling light show in conjunction with their performances.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Adam Ant's musical career __knowledge__ After the split with Adam and the Ants, Adam Ant went solo, taking his song writing partner Pirroni with him.", "Adam Ant's musical career __knowledge__ Merrick also briefly stayed aboard as drummer/producer for the UK edition of the first solo single \"Goody Two Shoes\" and demos for the upcoming \"Friend or Foe\" album before moving on to other production work, while Miall and Tibbs' contracts were left to expire.", "Adam Ant's musical career __knowledge__ With the old Ants all gone except Pirroni, and even he unwilling to perform live any more for the time being, Ant recruited a new band for touring, consisting of new dual drummers Bogdan Wiczling (ex-Fingerprintz) and Barry Watts (ex-Q-Tips), plus guitarist Cha Burns (also ex-Fingerprintz), bassist Chris Constantinou and the former Q-Tips brass section of trumpeter Tony Hughes and twin saxophonists Stewart van Blandamer and Steve Farr.", "The Who __knowledge__ The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964.", "The Who __knowledge__ Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey, guitarist and singer Pete Townshend, bass guitarist John Entwistle, and drummer Keith Moon.", "The Who __knowledge__ They are considered one of the most influential rock bands of the 20th century, selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows and studio work.", "The Who __knowledge__ The Who developed from an earlier group, the Detours, and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements, featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars and drums on stage.", "The Who __knowledge__ Their first single as the Who, \"I Can't Explain\", reached the UK top ten, followed by a string of singles including \"My Generation\", \"Substitute\" and \"Happy Jack\".", "Perfume (Japanese band) __knowledge__ The group was formed in early 2000 inside young talent academy \"Actors School Hiroshima\", and debuted with their first Hiroshima-local single \"Omajinai Perori\" released on March 21, 2002.", "Perfume (Japanese band) __knowledge__ A year later they moved to Tokyo, started to work with Capsule's producer Yasutaka Nakata and released their first nationwide indie single, \"Sweet Donuts\" on August 6, 2003.", "Perfume (Japanese band) __knowledge__ In 2005 they got a major contract deal with Tokuma Japan Communications, and released their major debut single \"Linear Motor Girl\" on September 21.", "Perfume (Japanese band) __knowledge__ However, it was not until 2008 where the group's seventh single \"Polyrhythm\", which was chosen to be the theme song of a recycle campaign by NHK, that they started to receive major attention in Japan.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ Dream Theater is an American progressive metal band formed in 1985 under the name Majesty by John Petrucci, John Myung and Mike Portnoy while they attended Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ They subsequently dropped out of their studies to concentrate further on the band that would ultimately become Dream Theater.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ Though a number of lineup changes followed, the three original members remained together along with James LaBrie and Jordan Rudess until September 8, 2010, when Portnoy left the band.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ In October 2010, the band held auditions for a drummer to replace Portnoy.", "Dream Theater __knowledge__ Mike Mangini was announced as the new permanent drummer on April 29, 2011.", "Keane (band) __knowledge__ Keane are an English rock band from Battle, East Sussex, formed in 1995.", "Keane (band) __knowledge__ The band currently comprises Tom Chaplin (lead vocals, electric/acoustic guitar), Tim Rice-Oxley (piano, synthesisers, bass guitar, backing vocals), Richard Hughes (drums, percussion, backing vocals), and Jesse Quin (bass guitar, acoustic/electric guitar, backing vocals).", "Keane (band) __knowledge__ Their original line-up included founder and guitarist Dominic Scott, who left in 2001.", "Keane (band) __knowledge__ Keane achieved mainstream, international success with the release of their debut album, \"Hopes and Fears\", in 2004.", "Keane (band) __knowledge__ Topping the UK charts, the album won the 2005 Brit Award for Best British Album and was the second best-selling British album of 2004.", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ This is a list of artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Dance Club Songs chart (13 or more).", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ Madonna currently holds the record for the most number-one songs in the 41-year history of the chart, with 46 and is the artist with the most number-ones of any \"Billboard\" chart.", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ The only other artists to have achieved more than 20 chart toppers are Rihanna (30) and Beyoncé (22).", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ Janet Jackson has accumulated 19 number-ones during her career, followed by Katy Perry with 18.", "Artists with the most number-ones on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart __knowledge__ Mariah Carey and Kristine W are tied with 17, the latter generating the most consecutive number-ones in the chart's history with her first nine singles.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Calvin Harris __knowledge__ Adam Richard Wiles (born 17 January 1984), known professionally as Calvin Harris, is a Scottish DJ, singer, songwriter, and record producer.", "Calvin Harris __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"I Created Disco\" was released in June 2007 and it spawned two UK top 10 singles \"Acceptable in the 80s\" and \"The Girls\".", "Calvin Harris __knowledge__ In 2009, Harris released his second studio album \"Ready for the Weekend\", which debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and was later certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry within two months of its release.", "Calvin Harris __knowledge__ Its lead single \"I'm Not Alone\" became his first song to top the UK Singles Chart.", "Calvin Harris __knowledge__ Harris rose to international prominence with the release of his third studio album \"18 Months\" in October 2012.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ Kara (Hangul: 카라, Japanese: カラ, often stylized as KARA) was a South Korean pop girl group formed by DSP Media in 2007.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ The group's final lineup was composed of Park Gyuri, Han Seungyeon, Goo Hara and Heo Youngji.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ Members Nicole Jung and Kang Ji-young officially departed from the group in 2014, while Kim Sung-hee left in 2008.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ The group's name comes from the Greek word \"chara\" (χαρά, lit.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ \"joy\"), which they interpreted to mean \"sweet melody\".", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ The group originally started off as a quartet and made their debut with \"Break It\" (2007) while displaying a strong female image and a mature R&B sound.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ Expectations for the group were big because they were considered as successors to their senior labelmate, Fin.K.L.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Namie Amuro __knowledge__ Born in Naha, Okinawa, Amuro debuted at age 14 as an idol singer in the band Super Monkey's.", "Namie Amuro __knowledge__ Despite early disappointments with sales, she ventured into fashion modeling and acting, attracting domestic attention with the group's best-selling single \"Try Me (Watashi o Shinjite)\".", "Namie Amuro __knowledge__ She signed to Avex Trax in 1995 and debuted as a solo artist with \"Body Feels Exit\".", "Namie Amuro __knowledge__ After two million-selling records—\"Sweet 19 Blues\" (1996) and \"Concentration 20\"—Amuro released the 1997 single \"Can You Celebrate?", "Namie Amuro __knowledge__ \", which remains the best-selling single by a solo female artist in Japanese music history.", "Namie Amuro __knowledge__ From 1999, Amuro partnered with international musicians and producers on her records, the first offering being \"Genius 2000\" (2000).", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ \"Closer\" is a song by American DJ duo The Chainsmokers, featuring American singer Halsey.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ Andrew Taggart (one half of The Chainsmokers) also provides his vocals in the song.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ It was released on July 29, 2016, through Disruptor Records and Columbia Records.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Andrew Taggart, Ashley Frangipane, Shaun Frank, Freddy Kennett, Isaac Slade and Joe King, while the production was handled by The Chainsmokers.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ Musically it is an EDM song with a \"retro\" style synthesizer in the chorus.", "Closer (The Chainsmokers song) __knowledge__ In the United States, \"Closer\" became both The Chainsmokers' and Halsey's first number one single on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers is an American DJ/production duo consisting of Alex Pall and Andrew Taggart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The EDM-pop duo achieved a breakthrough with their 2014 song \"#Selfie\", which was a top twenty single in several countries.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Their debut EP, \"Bouquet\" was released in October 2015 and featured the single \"Roses\", which reached the top 10 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ \"Don't Let Me Down\" became their first top 5 single there and won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording at the 59th awards ceremony, while \"Closer\" became their first number-one single on the chart.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ They have also won two American Music Awards and five iHeartRadio Music Awards.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The duo's second EP \"Collage\" was released in November 2016, succeeded by the release of their debut studio album, \"Memories...Do Not Open\", in April 2017.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were initially made up of Pall and former DJ Rhett Bixler.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ The Chainsmokers were re-formed as an EDM DJ duo in 2012 under the management of Adam Alpert in New York City.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall, who had grown up DJing, was introduced to Taggart by Alpert, and had been working at an art gallery in Chelsea, Manhattan at the time.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Pall attended New York University for art history and music business.", "The Chainsmokers __knowledge__ Taggart had been attending Syracuse University and was interning at Interscope Records before the two met.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Good Morning (film) __knowledge__ The film takes place in suburban Tokyo, and begins with a group of boy students going home.", "Good Morning (film) __knowledge__ The film steers into a subplot concerning the local women's club monthly dues.", "Good Morning (film) __knowledge__ Everyone in the neighborhood club believes that Mrs Hayashi, the treasurer, has given the dues to the chairwoman, Mrs Haraguchi (Haruko Sugimura), but Mrs Haraguchi denies it.", "Good Morning (film) __knowledge__ They gossip amongst themselves who could have taken the money, and speculate that Mrs Haraguchi could have used the money to buy for herself a new washing machine.", "Good Morning (film) __knowledge__ Later Mrs Haraguchi confronts Mrs Hayashi for starting the rumor and ruining her reputation, but Mrs Hayashi states that she \"has\" indeed handed the dues money to Haraguchi's mother.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Tsuruko Haraguchi __knowledge__ Haraguchi was born in Tomioka in 1886.", "Tsuruko Haraguchi __knowledge__ Her father was a wealthy farmer and she had two sisters.", "Tsuruko Haraguchi __knowledge__ She attended Takasaki Women's High School, graduating in 1902, two years earlier than her classmates of the same age.", "Tsuruko Haraguchi __knowledge__ She enrolled at Japan Women's University in 1903 to study humanities in the Faculty of English Literature.", "Tsuruko Haraguchi __knowledge__ At the time, women were not allowed to earn graduate degrees or beyond at Japanese universities, and higher educational institutions for women were not yet officially recognized.", "Tsuruko Haraguchi __knowledge__ Thus, when her mentor, the psychologist Matsumoto Matataro, encouraged her to pursue further education, she left Japan for the United States after graduating in 1906.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American country singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"American Idol\", in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Her debut album, \"Some Hearts\", was released in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" and \"Before He Cheats\", it became the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history and the best-selling country album of the last 14 years.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Underwood won three Grammy Awards for the album, including Best New Artist.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, producer, and model.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Guinness World Records\" cited her as the most awarded female act of all time.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston is one of the best-selling music artists of all-time, with 200 million records sold worldwide.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum, or gold certification.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for \"How Will I Know\", influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ Toni Michelle Braxton (born October 7, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, television personality, and philanthropist.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ She began performing with her sisters in a family group known as The Braxtons in the late 1980s, who were signed to Arista Records.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ Braxton attracted the attention of producers Antonio \"L.A.\" Reid and Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, later recording a series of songs for them before being signed to their Arista-distributed imprint, LaFace Records.", "Toni Braxton __knowledge__ Her self-titled debut studio album (1993) reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the United States, selling 10 million copies worldwide and seeing the international success of the singles \"Another Sad Love Song\" and \"Breathe Again\".", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "List of awards and nominations received by Michael Jackson __knowledge__ American entertainer Michael Jackson (1958–2009) debuted on the professional music scene at the age of 5, as a member of The Jackson 5, and began a solo career in 1971 while being a member of the group, known as the \"King of Pop\" , five of his solo studio albums have become some of the world's best-selling records: \"Off the Wall\" (1979), \"Thriller\" (1982), \"Bad\" (1987), \"Dangerous\" (1991) and \"\" (1995).", "List of awards and nominations received by Michael Jackson __knowledge__ \"Thriller\" has remained the biggest selling album of all time with estimated sales of 110 million.", "List of awards and nominations received by Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Through his group, solo, and family work, he became one of the few artists to have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice.", "Barry Lather __knowledge__ Barry Lather (born August 16, 1966 in Albany, New York) is an American director, choreographer, producer, dancer and singer.", "Barry Lather __knowledge__ Barry Lather grew up in Atlanta, Georgia and was raised in a dancing family of five children.", "Barry Lather __knowledge__ His mother, Joan, was a dance instructor and father, George, ran a dancewear business.", "Barry Lather __knowledge__ Barry moved to Los Angeles after high school and trained on scholarship at Joe Tremaine's Dance Center.", "Barry Lather __knowledge__ In 1985 Lather got his start in the entertainment industry dancing in the 3-D film \"Captain EO\" (featuring Michael Jackson and directed by Francis Ford Coppola).", "Barry Lather __knowledge__ He went on to dance in various commercials, the TV series \"Fame\" and \"Dancin' to the Hits\", a TV special working with Kenny Ortega and Janet Jackson's music videos \"Nasty\" and \"When I Think of You\" in 1986, both choreographed by Paula Abdul.", "List of awards and nominations received by Nicki Minaj __knowledge__ Nicki Minaj is a Trinidadian-born American rapper, singer, and songwriter.", "List of awards and nominations received by Nicki Minaj __knowledge__ After releasing three mixtapes between 2007–09, Minaj signed a recording contract with Young Money Entertainment in 2009.", "List of awards and nominations received by Nicki Minaj __knowledge__ Since then, she has released three studio albums.", "List of awards and nominations received by Nicki Minaj __knowledge__ In 2011, Minaj won two American Music Awards – one for Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Artist and the other for Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album, for her debut album \"Pink Friday\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Nicki Minaj __knowledge__ She went on to win in both categories again the following year, with the \"Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album\" award being for her second studio album \"Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Nicki Minaj __knowledge__ In 2015, Minaj won in the same categories again, with the \"Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album\" award being for her third studio album \"The Pinkprint\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 5, 10 ]

[ "The Chainsmokers is an American DJ/production duo, I think that is what you are referring to.", "No they are a EDM-POP duo that achieved success with their breakthrough song #selfie.", "Yeah they do, their first number one single on the chart was Closer.", "I think they are on tour now, they have also won two american music awards.", "See I am not a fan of country, one of the chainsmokers actually attended New York University and majored in art history and music!" ]

[ "The Chainsmokers", "The Chainsmokers", "The Chainsmokers", "The Chainsmokers", "The Chainsmokers" ]

[ "Extraversion and introversion", "Yeah I am familiar with the concepts! But, do tell me more!", "Oo thats pretty cool. I guess I'd be an introvert while conditionally extroverted. Hbu?", "Thats nice! Do you like parties? I love parties!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ F.A.M.E.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ (abbreviated as Forgiving All My Enemies) is the fourth studio album by American singer Chris Brown.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ It was first released on March 18, 2011, by Jive Records.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album serves as the follow-up to his third album \"Graffiti\" (2009).", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album also marks his last album with Jive Records.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ On this album, Brown worked with several record producers and songwriters; including Kevin McCall, Jean-Baptiste, Brian Kennedy, DJ Frank E, The Underdogs and The Messengers, among others.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances, from Wiz Khalifa, Game, Timbaland and Big Sean, among others.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ Musically, \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ It is based on the conceptual theory proposed by Carl Jung, who had speculated that humans experience the world using four principal psychological functions – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ \"The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation.\"", "Personality type __knowledge__ Personality type refers to the psychological classification of different types of individuals.", "Personality type __knowledge__ Personality types are sometimes distinguished from personality traits, with the latter embodying a smaller grouping of behavioral tendencies.", "Personality type __knowledge__ Types are sometimes said to involve \"qualitative\" differences between people, whereas traits might be construed as \"quantitative\" differences.", "Personality type __knowledge__ According to type theories, for example, introverts and extraverts are two fundamentally different categories of people.", "Personality type __knowledge__ According to trait theories, introversion and extraversion are part of a continuous dimension, with many people in the middle.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ The Big Five personality traits, also known as the five factor model (FFM), is a model based on common language descriptors of personality.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ When factor analysis (a statistical technique) is applied to personality survey data, some words used to describe aspects of personality are often applied to the same person.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ For example, someone described as \"conscientious\" is more likely to be described as \"always prepared\" rather than \"messy\".", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory is based therefore on the association between words but not on neuropsychological experiments.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory uses descriptors of common language and therefore suggests five broad dimensions commonly used to describe the human personality and psyche.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Carl Gustav Jung (; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ His work has been influential not only in psychiatry but also in anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, and religious studies.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ As a notable research scientist based at the famous Burghölzli hospital, under Eugen Bleuler, he came to the attention of the Viennese founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ The two men conducted a lengthy correspondence and collaborated on an initially joint vision of human psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Freud saw in the younger man the potential heir he had been seeking to carry on his \"new science\" of psychoanalysis.", "Zero-acquaintance personality judgments __knowledge__ A zero-acquaintance situation requires a perceiver to make a judgment about a target with whom the perceiver has had no prior interactions.", "Zero-acquaintance personality judgments __knowledge__ These judgments can be made using a variety of cues, including brief interactions with the target, video recordings of the target, photographs of the target, and observations of the target's personal environments, among others.", "Zero-acquaintance personality judgments __knowledge__ In zero-acquaintance studies, the target's actual personality is determined through the target's self-rating and/or ratings from close acquaintance(s) of that target.", "Zero-acquaintance personality judgments __knowledge__ Consensus in ratings is determined by how consistently perceivers rate the target's personality when compared to other raters.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is the physiological and psychological state of being awoken or of sense organs stimulated to a point of perception.", "Arousal __knowledge__ It involves activation of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) in the brain, which mediates wakefulness, the autonomic nervous system, and the endocrine system, leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure and a condition of sensory alertness, mobility, and readiness to respond.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is mediated by several different neural systems.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Wakefulness is regulated by the ARAS, which is composed of projections from five major neurotransmitter systems that originate in the brainstem and form connections extending throughout the cortex; activity within the ARAS is regulated by neurons that release the neurotransmitters acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, histamine, and serotonin." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Hollandsche Bank-Unie __knowledge__ Hollandsche Bank-Unie (HBU) was a second-tier domestic bank in the Netherlands that Deutsche Bank absorbed in 2010.", "Hollandsche Bank-Unie __knowledge__ It had a notable international history.", "Hollandsche Bank-Unie __knowledge__ On 28 March 1914, the \"Rotterdamsche Bank\", together with the Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij (NHM) and several smaller firms, established the \"Hollandsche Bank voor Zuid-Amerika\" (Holland Bank for South-America).", "Hollandsche Bank-Unie __knowledge__ The bank opened in Buenos Aires under the name \"Banco Holandés de la América del Sud\" (Banco Holandés).", "Hollandsche Bank-Unie __knowledge__ In 1916 the bank opened a second branch in Rio de Janeiro, and in 1919 a branch in São Paulo.", "Hollandsche Bank-Unie __knowledge__ By 1922, the \"Hollandsche Bank voor Zuid-Amerika\" was running branches in Genoa, Hamburg, Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, Santos, Santiago, São Paulo and Valparaíso.", "Houston Baptist University __knowledge__ Houston Baptist University (HBU) is a private Baptist university founded in 1960.", "Houston Baptist University __knowledge__ It is located in Sharpstown Section 3A, within the Southwest Management District (formerly Greater Sharpstown) in Houston, Texas, near the Southwest Freeway.", "Houston Baptist University __knowledge__ The Cultural Arts Center houses three museums: the Dunham Bible Museum, the Museum of American Architecture and Decorative Arts, and the Museum of Southern History.", "Houston Baptist University __knowledge__ Houston Baptist College was created by action of the Baptist General Convention of Texas on November 15, 1960, culminating many years of work and study.", "Houston Baptist University __knowledge__ The aim of the college founders was the establishment of a Christian college of the highest order in the city of Houston that stressed quality of life and higher education.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias, also called confirmatory bias or myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias is a variation of the more general tendency of apophenia.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking is a 2012 non-fiction book written by Susan Cain.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Cain argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people, leading to \"a colossal waste of talent, energy, and happiness.\"", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ The book presents a history of how Western culture transformed from a culture of character to a culture of personality in which an \"extrovert ideal\" dominates and introversion is viewed as inferior or even pathological.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Adopting scientific definitions of introversion and extroversion as preferences for different levels of stimulation, \"Quiet\" outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each temperament, emphasizing the myth of the extrovert ideal that has dominated in the West since the early twentieth century.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics, in psychology and sociology, is a theory of information processing and personality type, distinguished by its information model of the psyche (called \"Model A\") and a model of interpersonal relations.", "Socionics __knowledge__ It incorporates Carl Jung's work on \"Psychological Types\" with Antoni Kępiński's theory of information metabolism.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics is a modification of Jung's personality type theory that uses eight psychic functions, in contrast to Jung's model, which used only four.", "Socionics __knowledge__ These functions are supposed to process information at varying levels of competency and interact with the corresponding function in other individuals, giving rise to predictable reactions and impressions—a theory of intertype relations.", "Houston Baptist Huskies __knowledge__ Houston Baptist Huskies, also known as Houston Baptist, HBU or Huskies, refers to the sports teams of Houston Baptist University.", "Houston Baptist Huskies __knowledge__ HBU's official school colors are royal blue and orange.", "Houston Baptist Huskies __knowledge__ With the inception of the athletics program at the university in 1960 until 1990 the Huskies were a part of the NCAA.", "Houston Baptist Huskies __knowledge__ After playing for seventeen years as a member of the NAIA, the Huskies began play as an NCAA Division I team again in 2007 and became a full member of the NCAA for the 2011–12 academic year.", "Houston Baptist Huskies __knowledge__ After one year of independent status in the NCAA, HBU joined the Great West Conference, and began play as a member in 2008 for all sports but basketball, baseball, softball, volleyball, and women's soccer.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The Sipuncula or Sipunculida (common names sipunculid worms or peanut worms) is a group containing 144–320 species (estimates vary) of bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented marine worms.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ \"Sipuncula\" signifies \"little tube or siphon\".", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ Traditionally considered a phylum, they might be a subgroup of phylum Annelida based on recent molecular work.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The first species of this phylum was described in 1827 by the French zoologist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville who named it \"Sipunculus vulgaris\".", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ A related species was later described as \"Golfingia macintoshii\" by E. Ray Lankester.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The specimen was provided by a friend of his, Professor Mackintosh.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation among individuals.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Its areas of focus include: \"Personality\" is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences their environment, cognitions, emotions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ The word \"personality\" originates from the Latin \"persona\", which means mask.", "Personality psychology __knowledge__ Personality also refers to the pattern of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments, and behaviors consistently exhibited over time that strongly influences one's expectations, self-perceptions, values, and attitudes.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ The Big Five personality traits, also known as the five factor model (FFM), is a model based on common language descriptors of personality.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ When factor analysis (a statistical technique) is applied to personality survey data, some words used to describe aspects of personality are often applied to the same person.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ For example, someone described as \"conscientious\" is more likely to be described as \"always prepared\" rather than \"messy\".", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory is based therefore on the association between words but not on neuropsychological experiments.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory uses descriptors of common language and therefore suggests five broad dimensions commonly used to describe the human personality and psyche.", "Agreeableness __knowledge__ Agreeableness is a personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm, and considerate.", "Agreeableness __knowledge__ In contemporary personality psychology, agreeableness is one of the five major dimensions of personality structure, reflecting individual differences in cooperation and social harmony.", "Agreeableness __knowledge__ People who score high on this dimension are empathetic and altruistic, while a low agreeableness score relates to selfish behavior and a lack of empathy.", "Agreeableness __knowledge__ Those who score very low on agreeableness show signs of dark triad behavior such as manipulation and competing with others rather than cooperating.", "Biological basis of personality __knowledge__ The biological basis of personality is the collection of brain systems and mechanisms that underlie human personality.", "Biological basis of personality __knowledge__ Human neurobiology, especially as it relates to complex traits and behaviors, is not well understood, but research into the neuroanatomical and functional underpinnings of personality are an active field of research.", "Biological basis of personality __knowledge__ Animal models of behavior, molecular biology, and brain imaging techniques have provided some insight into human personality, especially trait theories.", "Biological basis of personality __knowledge__ Much of the current understanding of personality from a neurobiological perspective places an emphasis on the biochemistry of the behavioral systems of reward, motivation, and punishment.", "Implicit personality theory __knowledge__ Implicit personality theory describes the specific patterns and biases an individual uses when forming impressions based on a limited amount of initial information about an unfamiliar person.", "Implicit personality theory __knowledge__ While there are parts of the impression formation process that are context-dependent, individuals also tend to exhibit certain tendencies in forming impressions across a variety of situations.", "Implicit personality theory __knowledge__ There is not one singular implicit personality theory utilized by all; rather, each individual approaches the task of impression formation in his or her own unique way.", "Implicit personality theory __knowledge__ However, there are some components of implicit personality theories that are consistent across individuals, or within groups of similar individuals.", "Raymond Cattell __knowledge__ Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British and American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure.", "Raymond Cattell __knowledge__ His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains.", "Reward dependence __knowledge__ Reward dependence is characterized as a tendency to respond markedly to signals of reward, particularly to verbal signals of social approval, social support, and sentiment.", "Reward dependence __knowledge__ When reward dependence levels deviate from normal we see the rise of several personality and addictive disorders.", "Reward dependence __knowledge__ In psychology, reward dependence is considered a moderately heritable personality trait which is stable throughout our lives.", "Reward dependence __knowledge__ It is an inherited neurophysiological mechanism that drives our perception of our society and the environment.", "Reward dependence __knowledge__ Even though we are born with these personality traits, their expression during our life span can be modulated throughout our development." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ In computer science, integer sorting is the algorithmic problem of sorting a collection of data values by numeric keys, each of which is an integer.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ Algorithms designed for integer sorting may also often be applied to sorting problems in which the keys are floating point numbers, rational numbers, or text strings.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ The ability to perform integer arithmetic on the keys allows integer sorting algorithms to be faster than comparison sorting algorithms in many cases, depending on the details of which operations are allowed in the model of computing and how large the integers to be sorted are.", "Integer sorting __knowledge__ Integer sorting algorithms including pigeonhole sort, counting sort, and radix sort are widely used and practical.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ A Van Emde Boas tree (or Van Emde Boas priority queue; ), also known as a vEB tree, is a tree data structure which implements an associative array with -bit integer keys.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ It performs all operations in time, or equivalently in time, where is the maximum number of elements that can be stored in the tree.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ The is not to be confused with the actual number of elements stored in the tree, by which the performance of other tree data-structures is often measured.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ The vEB tree has good space efficiency when it contains a large number of elements, as discussed below.", "Van Emde Boas tree __knowledge__ It was invented by a team led by Dutch computer scientist Peter van Emde Boas in 1975.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Arab citizens of Israel or Arab population of Israel are Israeli citizens, whose cultural and linguistic heritage or ethnic identity is Arab.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Many identify as Palestinian and commonly self-designate themselves as Palestinian citizens of Israel.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ The traditional vernacular of most Arab citizens, irrespective of religion, is the Palestinian dialect of Arabic.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Most Arab citizens of Israel are functionally bilingual, their second language being Modern Hebrew.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ By religious affiliation, most are Muslim, particularly of the Sunni branch of Islam.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ There is a significant Arab Christian minority from various denominations as well as the Druze, among other religious communities.", "Ipsative __knowledge__ Ipsative (; Latin: , \"of the self\") is a descriptor used in psychology to indicate a specific type of measure in which respondents compare two or more desirable options and pick the one that is most preferred (sometimes called a \"forced choice\" scale).", "Ipsative __knowledge__ This is contrasted with measures that use Likert-type scales, in which respondents choose the score (e.g.", "Ipsative __knowledge__ 1 to 5) which best represents the degree to which they agree with a given statement (see also Norm-referenced test).", "Ipsative __knowledge__ \"Ipsative Comparisons\" are also sometimes used in standardized testing to compare significant differences in subtest scores.", "Ipsative __knowledge__ While mean scores from Likert-type scales can be compared across individuals, scores from an ipsative measure cannot.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.", "Personality __knowledge__ Personality is defined as the set of habitual behaviors, cognitions and emotional patterns that evolve from biological and environmental factors.", "Personality __knowledge__ While there is no generally agreed upon definition of personality, most theories focus on motivation and psychological interactions with one's environment.", "Personality __knowledge__ Trait-based personality theories, such as those defined by Raymond Cattell define personality as the traits that predict a person's behavior.", "Personality __knowledge__ On the other hand, more behaviorally based approaches define personality through learning and habits.", "Personality __knowledge__ Nevertheless, most theories view personality as relatively stable.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ In Carl Jung's theories of psychological type the cognitive functions (sometimes known as \"mental functions\") are defined as different ways of perceiving and judging.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ They are defined as \"thinking\", \"feeling\", \"sensation\" and \"intuition\".", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Extraversion: An attitude defining the self in accordance to the standard of the external world.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Introversion: An attitude defining the outer world in accordance to the standard of the self.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ INtuition: Abstract perception of the environment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Sensing: Concrete perception of the environment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Thinking: Impersonal assessment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Feeling: Person-centered assessment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ The model in which the four cognitive functions combine to form different psychological types was conceived by Jung in his pioneering work \"Psychological Types\" (1921, ).", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ It is based on the conceptual theory proposed by Carl Jung, who had speculated that humans experience the world using four principal psychological functions – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ \"The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation.\"", "Personality type __knowledge__ Personality type refers to the psychological classification of different types of individuals.", "Personality type __knowledge__ Personality types are sometimes distinguished from personality traits, with the latter embodying a smaller grouping of behavioral tendencies.", "Personality type __knowledge__ Types are sometimes said to involve \"qualitative\" differences between people, whereas traits might be construed as \"quantitative\" differences.", "Personality type __knowledge__ According to type theories, for example, introverts and extraverts are two fundamentally different categories of people.", "Personality type __knowledge__ According to trait theories, introversion and extraversion are part of a continuous dimension, with many people in the middle.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ The Big Five personality traits, also known as the five factor model (FFM), is a model based on common language descriptors of personality.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ When factor analysis (a statistical technique) is applied to personality survey data, some words used to describe aspects of personality are often applied to the same person.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ For example, someone described as \"conscientious\" is more likely to be described as \"always prepared\" rather than \"messy\".", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory is based therefore on the association between words but not on neuropsychological experiments.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory uses descriptors of common language and therefore suggests five broad dimensions commonly used to describe the human personality and psyche.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Carl Gustav Jung (; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ His work has been influential not only in psychiatry but also in anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, and religious studies.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ As a notable research scientist based at the famous Burghölzli hospital, under Eugen Bleuler, he came to the attention of the Viennese founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ The two men conducted a lengthy correspondence and collaborated on an initially joint vision of human psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Freud saw in the younger man the potential heir he had been seeking to carry on his \"new science\" of psychoanalysis." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 4 ]

[ "Do you know about extraversion and introversion?", "It is a central dimension of human personality theory.", "I am an extravert. Extraverts are outgoing and talkative. ", "i like parties. Do you know that all models of personality include these concepts in several varied forms?" ]

[ "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion" ]

[ "Swimming", "I do as well but prefer a pool", "oh well I love to swim in a nice structured pool", "oh why is that?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "Cue sports __knowledge__ Cue sports (sometimes written cuesports), also known as billiard sports, are a wide variety of games of skill generally played with a cue stick, which is used to strike billiard balls and thereby cause them to move around a cloth-covered billiards table bounded by elastic bumpers known as .", "Cue sports __knowledge__ Historically, the umbrella term was billiards.", "Cue sports __knowledge__ While that familiar name is still employed by some as a generic label for all such games, the word's usage has splintered into more exclusive competing meanings in various parts of the world.", "Cue sports __knowledge__ For example, in British and Australian English, \"billiards\" usually refers exclusively to the game of English billiards, while in American and Canadian English it is sometimes used to refer to a particular game or class of games, or to all cue games in general, depending upon dialect and context.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ A cue stick (or simply cue, more specifically pool cue, snooker cue, or billiards cue), is an item of sporting equipment essential to the games of pool, snooker and carom billiards.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ It is used to strike a ball, usually the .", "Cue stick __knowledge__ Cues are tapered sticks, typically about 57–59 inches (about 1.5 m) long and usually between 16 and 21 ounces (450–600 g), with professionals gravitating toward a 19-ounce (540 g) average.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ Cues for carom tend toward the shorter range, though cue length is primarily a factor of player height and arm length.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ Most cues are made of wood, but occasionally the wood is covered or bonded with other materials including graphite, carbon fiber or fiberglass.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling (pronounced ), and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling (pronounced ).", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In common usage, the terms are sometimes used rather loosely.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ About one quarter of fish species shoal all their lives, and about one half shoal for part of their lives.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ Fish derive many benefits from shoaling behaviour including defence against predators (through better predator detection and by diluting the chance of individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro State Forest (Spanish: \"Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro\") is one of the 21 forests that make up the public forests system in Puerto Rico.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is also Puerto Rico's highest cloud forest.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is located in the Cordillera Central region of the island and covers , of mountains.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro's mountains have heights reaching up to and include Cerro de Punta, Cerro Jayuya and Cerro Rosa, the three highest peaks in the island.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Nested among these mountains is Lake Guineo, the island's highest lake.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ The forest has of trails, an observation tower, two natural swimming pools (Spanish:\"\"charcos\"\"), camping and picnic areas, nine rivers, and numerous creeks and waterfalls.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ Swimming pool sanitation is the process of ensuring healthy conditions in swimming pools, hot tubs, plunge pools, and similar recreational water venues.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ Proper sanitation is needed to maintain the visual clarity of water and to prevent the transmission of infectious waterborne diseases.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ Sanitation methods include a water filter to remove pollutants, disinfection to kill infectious microorganisms, swimmer hygiene to minimize the introduction of contaminants into pool water, and regular testing of pool water, including chlorine and pH levels.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ The World Health Organization has published international guidelines for the safety of swimming pools and similar recreational-water environments, including standards for minimizing microbial and chemical hazards.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ Everglades National Park is a U.S. National Park in Florida that protects the southern 20 percent of the original Everglades.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ In the United States, it is the largest tropical wilderness, the largest wilderness of any kind east of the Mississippi River, and is visited on average by one million people each year.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ It is the third-largest national park in the lower 48 states after Death Valley and Yellowstone.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ It has been declared an International Biosphere Reserve, a World Heritage Site, and a Wetland of International Importance, one of only three locations in the world to appear on all three lists.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ The bull shark (\"Carcharhinus leucas\"), also known as the Zambezi shark (informally \"zambi\") in Africa, and Lake Nicaragua shark in Nicaragua, is a requiem shark commonly found worldwide in warm, shallow waters along coasts and in rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ The bull shark is known for its aggressive nature, predilection for warm shallow water, and presence in brackish and freshwater systems including estuaries and rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ Bull sharks can thrive in both salt and fresh water and can travel far up rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ They have been known to travel up the Mississippi River as far as Alton, Illinois, about 700 miles (1100 km) from the ocean.", "Joseph Fralinger __knowledge__ Joseph F. Fralinger (October 22, 1848 in Sweetwater, New Jersey – May 13, 1927 in Atlantic City, New Jersey) was an American businessman and confectioner, known for being the most successful merchandiser of Salt Water Taffy.", "Joseph Fralinger __knowledge__ The confectionary store he founded in the late 19th century in Atlantic City, New Jersey remains a fixture on its famous boardwalk.", "Joseph Fralinger __knowledge__ Fralinger was a glassblower and fish merchant before he opened a retail store on the Atlantic City Boardwalk to sell his taffy.", "Joseph Fralinger __knowledge__ Within a year, Fralinger had added a taffy concession and spent the winter perfecting the Salt Water Taffy formula, first using molasses, then chocolate and vanilla, eventually creating 25 flavors.", "Desalination __knowledge__ Desalination is a process that extracts mineral components from saline water.", "Desalination __knowledge__ More generally, desalination refers to the removal of salts and minerals from a target substance, as in soil desalination, which is an issue for agriculture.", "Desalination __knowledge__ Saltwater is desalinated to produce water suitable for human consumption or irrigation.", "Desalination __knowledge__ One by-product of desalination is salt.", "Desalination __knowledge__ Desalination is used on many seagoing ships and submarines.", "Desalination __knowledge__ Most of the modern interest in desalination is focused on cost-effective provision of fresh water for human use.", "Desalination __knowledge__ Along with recycled wastewater, it is one of the few rainfall-independent water sources.", "Mouthwash __knowledge__ Mouthwash, mouth rinse, oral rinse or mouth bath, is a liquid which is held in the mouth passively or swilled around the mouth by contraction of the perioral muscles and/or movement of the head, and may be gargled, where the head is tilted back and the liquid bubbled at the back of the mouth.", "Mouthwash __knowledge__ Usually mouthwashes are antiseptic solutions intended to reduce the microbial load in the oral cavity, although other mouthwashes might be given for other reasons such as for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory or anti-fungal action.", "Mouthwash __knowledge__ Additionally, some rinses act as saliva substitutes to neutralize acid and keep the mouth moist in xerostomia (dry mouth).", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected.", "Osmotic power __knowledge__ Osmotic power, salinity gradient power or blue energy is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water.", "Osmotic power __knowledge__ Two practical methods for this are reverse electrodialysis (RED) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO).", "Osmotic power __knowledge__ Both processes rely on osmosis with membranes.", "Osmotic power __knowledge__ The key waste product is brackish water.", "Osmotic power __knowledge__ This byproduct is the result of natural forces that are being harnessed: the flow of fresh water into seas that are made up of salt water.", "Osmotic power __knowledge__ In 1954, Pattle suggested that there was an untapped source of power when a river mixes with the sea, in terms of the lost osmotic pressure, however it was not until the mid ‘70s where a practical method of exploiting it using selectively permeable membranes by Loeb was outlined." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Oh Well (song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Well\" is a song first recorded by Fleetwood Mac in 1969, composed by vocalist and lead guitarist Peter Green.", "Oh Well (song) __knowledge__ It first appeared as a Fleetwood Mac single in various countries in 1969 and subsequently appeared on revised versions of that year's \"Then Play On\" album and the \"Greatest Hits\" album in 1971.", "Oh Well (song) __knowledge__ It later featured on the 1992 boxed set \"25 Years – The Chain\", and on the 2002 compilation album \"The Best of Peter Green's Fleetwood Mac\".", "Oh Well (song) __knowledge__ A live version of the song was included on the 1998 compilation \"The Vaudeville Years\".", "Oh Well (song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Well\" was composed in two parts, \"Part 1\" being a fast electric blues song with vocals (lasting 2:19), \"Part 2\" being an entirely different instrumental piece with a classical influence (lasting 5:39).", "Then Play On __knowledge__ Then Play On is the third studio album by British blues rock band Fleetwood Mac, released on 19 September 1969.", "Then Play On __knowledge__ It was the first of their original albums to feature Danny Kirwan and the last with Peter Green.", "Then Play On __knowledge__ Jeremy Spencer did not feature on the album apart from \"a couple of piano things\" (according to Mick Fleetwood in \"Q\" magazine in 1990).", "Then Play On __knowledge__ The album, appearing after the group's sudden success in the pop charts, offered a broader stylistic range than the classic blues of the group's first two albums.", "Then Play On __knowledge__ The album went on to reach #6 in the UK, subsequently becoming the band's fourth Top 20 hit in a row, as well as their third album to reach the Top 10.", "Mayday Parade __knowledge__ Mayday Parade is an American rock band from Tallahassee, Florida.", "Mayday Parade __knowledge__ Their debut EP \"Tales Told by Dead Friends\" was released in 2006, and sold over 50,000 copies without any label support.", "Mayday Parade __knowledge__ In July 2007, Mayday Parade released their debut album \"A Lesson in Romantics\".", "Mayday Parade __knowledge__ After signing to Fearless in 2006, the band also signed onto a major label with Atlantic in 2009.", "Mayday Parade __knowledge__ Their second studio album, \"Anywhere but Here\" was released in October 2009 and their third album, entitled \"Mayday Parade\", was released in October 2011.", "Mayday Parade __knowledge__ Mayday Parade's fourth album, titled \"Monsters in the Closet\", was released in October 2013.", "Mayday Parade (album) __knowledge__ Mayday Parade is the third studio album by American rock band Mayday Parade.", "Mayday Parade (album) __knowledge__ It was released by Fearless on October 4, 2011.", "Mayday Parade (album) __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 12 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200, selling near to 27,000 copies in its first week, becoming the band's second highest charted album to date.", "Mayday Parade (album) __knowledge__ In March 2009 it was announced Mayday Parade had signed to Atlantic.", "Mayday Parade (album) __knowledge__ While working on their major label debut, \"Anywhere but Here\" (2009), Atlantic expected the band to make a pop album.", "Mayday Parade (album) __knowledge__ While the band attempted to follow this direction, they were weighed down by \"so much overbearing pressure\", according to guitarist Brooks Betts.", "Malanda Falls Swimming Pool __knowledge__ Malanda Falls Swimming Pool is a heritage-listed swimming pool at Malanda Falls Park, Malanda, Tablelands Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Malanda Falls Swimming Pool __knowledge__ It was built in 1906 onwards.", "Malanda Falls Swimming Pool __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 February 2010.", "Malanda Falls Swimming Pool __knowledge__ Malanda Falls Swimming Pool is located on the North Johnstone River in the Malanda Falls Park, adjacent to the Malanda Falls Conservation Park on the Atherton Tableland.", "Malanda Falls Swimming Pool __knowledge__ First developed as a local recreation area during the early 20th century, Malanda Falls became associated with organised tourism on the Atherton Tableland from the 1920s and has been important in the development of the Cairns hinterland as a major tourist region in Queensland.", "Fleetwood Mac __knowledge__ Fleetwood Mac are a British-American rock band, formed in London in 1967.", "Fleetwood Mac __knowledge__ The band have sold more than 100 million records worldwide, making them one of the world's best-selling bands.", "Fleetwood Mac __knowledge__ In 1998, selected members of Fleetwood Mac were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, and received the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music.", "Fleetwood Mac __knowledge__ In 2018, the band were declared MusiCares Person of the Year.", "Fleetwood Mac __knowledge__ Fleetwood Mac were founded by guitarist Peter Green, drummer Mick Fleetwood and guitarist Jeremy Spencer.", "Fleetwood Mac __knowledge__ They lacked a permanent bass guitarist for the first few months before Green convinced John McVie to join, establishing the first stable line-up in time to record their self-titled debut album.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is the adult-oriented nighttime programming block of the American children's cable network Cartoon Network, operating daily 8 p.m.–6 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two other programming blocks for Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ The block gets its name from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Skyscraper __knowledge__ A skyscraper is a continuously habitable high-rise building that has over 40 or 50 floors and is taller than approximately .", "Skyscraper __knowledge__ Historically, the term first referred to buildings with 10 to 20 floors in 1880s.", "Skyscraper __knowledge__ The definition shifted with advancing construction technology during the 20th Century.", "Skyscraper __knowledge__ Skyscrapers may contain offices, commercial and residential uses.", "Skyscraper __knowledge__ For buildings above a height of , the term \"supertall\" can be used, while skyscrapers reaching beyond are classified as \"megatall\".", "Skyscraper __knowledge__ One common feature of skyscrapers is having a steel framework that supports curtain walls.", "Skyscraper __knowledge__ These curtain walls either bear on the framework below or are suspended from the framework above, rather than resting on load-bearing walls of conventional construction.", "Dark pool __knowledge__ In finance, a dark pool (also black pool) is a private forum for trading securities, derivatives, and other financial instruments.", "Dark pool __knowledge__ Liquidity on these markets is called \"dark pool liquidity\".", "Dark pool __knowledge__ The bulk of dark pool trades represent large trades by financial institutions that are offered away from public exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ, so that such trades remain confidential and outside the purview of the general investing public.", "Dark pool __knowledge__ The fragmentation of financial trading venues and electronic trading networks has allowed dark pools to be created, and they are normally accessed through crossing networks or directly among market participants via private contractual arrangements.", "Fazlur Rahman Khan __knowledge__ Fazlur Rahman Khan (, \"Fozlur Rôhman Khan\") (3 April 1929 – 27 March 1982) was a Bangladeshi-American structural engineer and architect, who initiated important structural systems for skyscrapers.", "Fazlur Rahman Khan __knowledge__ Considered the \"father of tubular designs\" for high-rises, Khan was also a pioneer in computer-aided design (CAD).", "Fazlur Rahman Khan __knowledge__ He was the designer of the Sears Tower, since renamed Willis Tower, the tallest building in the world from 1973 until 1998, and the 100-story John Hancock Center.", "Fazlur Rahman Khan __knowledge__ Khan, more than any other individual, ushered in a renaissance in skyscraper construction during the second half of the 20th century.", "Tire __knowledge__ A tire (American English) or tyre (British English; see spelling differences) is a ring-shaped component that surrounds a wheel's rim to transfer a vehicle's load from the axle through the wheel to the ground and to provide traction on the surface traveled over.", "Tire __knowledge__ Most tires, such as those for automobiles and bicycles, are pneumatically inflated structures, which also provide a flexible cushion that absorbs shock as the tire rolls over rough features on the surface.", "Tire __knowledge__ Tires provide a footprint that is designed to match the weight of the vehicle with the bearing strength of the surface that it rolls over by providing a bearing pressure that will not deform the surface excessively.", "Bikini __knowledge__ A bikini is usually a women's abbreviated two-piece swimsuit with a bra top for the chest and underwear cut below the navel.", "Bikini __knowledge__ The basic design is simple: two triangles of fabric on top cover the woman's breasts and two triangles of fabric on the bottom cover the groin in front and the buttocks in back.", "Bikini __knowledge__ The size of a bikini bottom can range from full pelvic coverage to a revealing thong or G-string design.", "Bikini __knowledge__ The name for the \"bikini\" design was coined in 1946 by Parisian engineer Louis Réard, the designer of the bikini.", "Bikini __knowledge__ He named the swimsuit after Bikini Atoll, where testing on the nuclear bomb was taking place." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "David Oh __knowledge__ David H. Oh is a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was elected in November 2011 and re-elected in November 2015, and was the first Asian-American elected to public office in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He is the only U.S. military veteran currently serving on the city council.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was born in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He has lived on the same block in Southwest Philadelphia since 1963.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh's father, the late Rev.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Ki Hang Oh, founded Philadelphia’s first Korean-American church in 1953 and served as its Pastor until his death in 2006.", "David Oh __knowledge__ In 1958, Oh’s cousin, In Ho Oh, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, was murdered by a group of teenage boys while mailing a letter to his parents.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ Sadaharu Oh (Japanese: , \"Ō Sadaharu\"; born May 20, 1940), also known as Wang Chen-chih (), is a retired Japanese–Chinese baseball player and manager who played 22 seasons for the Yomiuri Giants in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) from 1959 to 1980.", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ Oh holds the world lifetime home run record, having hit 868 home runs during his professional career.", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ He established many NPB batting records, including runs batted in (RBIs) (2,170), slugging percentage (.634), bases on balls (2,390), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.080).", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ In 1977, Sadaharu Oh became the first recipient of the People's Honour Award.", "Glass Pool Inn __knowledge__ Glass Pool Inn was a motel located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada.", "Glass Pool Inn __knowledge__ It initially opened as the Mirage Motel in 1952.", "Glass Pool Inn __knowledge__ An above-ground swimming pool was added in 1955, and included large porthole windows that allowed outsiders to peer inside.", "Glass Pool Inn __knowledge__ The motel became well known for its pool, which was used in numerous films and television shows, as well as music videos and photo shoots.", "Glass Pool Inn __knowledge__ In 1988, the Mirage Motel was renamed as the Glass Pool Inn to avoid confusion with Steve Wynn's new Mirage resort, also located on the Las Vegas Strip.", "Glass Pool Inn __knowledge__ The Glass Pool Inn was closed in September 2003, and demolished a year later for a project that ultimately did not materialize.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "John Thompson House (Highland, New York) __knowledge__ The John Thompson House is one of the best examples of Victorian Italianate style in Ulster County.", "John Thompson House (Highland, New York) __knowledge__ It is located one-quarter mile from the Hudson River on Maple Avenue in Highland, New York The house was built between 1854 and 1858 by John Thompson (1800–1891) for his wife Electa Ferris (1807–1902) as the family's country home in the Hudson Valley.", "John Thompson House (Highland, New York) __knowledge__ John Thompson founded the First National Bank of the City of New York in 1863.", "John Thompson House (Highland, New York) __knowledge__ With his sons, Samuel and Frederick, he founded the Chase National Bank in 1877, a predecessor of the Chase Manhattan Bank.", "John Thompson House (Highland, New York) __knowledge__ The Thompson Family's main house was on 295 Madison Avenue in New York City.", "Party (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Party\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "Party (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It features guest vocals from American rapper André 3000 and uncredited vocals from Kanye West, and was released by Columbia Records as the fourth single from \"4\" on August 30, 2011.", "Party (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Kanye West, Jeff Bhasker and Beyoncé, with the production being handled by Beyoncé and West and was co-produced by Bhasker.", "Party (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ A midtempo R&B song, \"Party\" exhibits elements of the 1980s funk and soul music, and samples the 1985 song \"La Di Da Di\", written by Dexter Mills, Douglas Davis and Ricky Walters.", "Ninney Rise __knowledge__ Ninney Rise and John Busst Memorial are a heritage-listed house and memorial at 405 Alexander Drive and Esplanade, Bingil Bay, Cassowary Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Ninney Rise __knowledge__ It was designed by John Busst and built circa 1960 by John Busst.", "Ninney Rise __knowledge__ It is also known as John and Alison Busst's Residence.", "Ninney Rise __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 August 2010.", "Ninney Rise __knowledge__ Ninney Rise at picturesque Bingil Bay north of Mission Beach in northern Queensland was built by artist and environmentalist John Horatio Busst, using locally made bricks and locally sourced bamboo.", "Ninney Rise __knowledge__ He lived in the house with his wife Alison until his death in 1971.", "K-Swift __knowledge__ Khia Danielle Edgerton (October 19, 1978 – July 21, 2008), better known by the stage name K-Swift, was an American DJ, MC, radio personality and entrepreneur.", "K-Swift __knowledge__ Born to Joseph and Juanita Edgerton, K-Swift was raised in Randallstown, Maryland.", "K-Swift __knowledge__ She graduated from Randallstown High School in 1996 and went on to intern at 92Q after a brief stint at Catonsville Community College.", "K-Swift __knowledge__ She began interning at 92Q when she was 18, and worked her way through the ranks at the station until she earned a co-hosting position in 1998.", "K-Swift __knowledge__ The show,\"OFF THE HOOK RADIO\" along with her co-host Squirrel Wyde is the number one radio show in all of Baltimore.", "NuScale Power __knowledge__ NuScale Power is a private limited liability company headquartered in Tigard, Oregon that designs and markets small modular reactors (SMRs).", "NuScale Power __knowledge__ As of 2014, the Department of Energy projected its technology would be commercially available around the year 2025.", "NuScale Power __knowledge__ NuScale was founded based on research funded by the Department of Energy from 2000 to 2003.", "NuScale Power __knowledge__ After funding was cut, scientists with the program obtained related patents in 2007 and started NuScale to commercialize the technology.", "NuScale Power __knowledge__ In 2011, the company's largest investor had its assets frozen due to an investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission." ] ]

[ 1, 17, 49, 59 ]

[ "I love swimming, especially in fresh or salt water.", "I do not like pools due to the structure design to hold water.", "I do prefer an above ground pool than an in ground pool.", "Cause in ground pools are made from concrete. I do not like concrete." ]

[ "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming" ]

[ "Volunteering\nI wish I had more free time. I would love to volunteer at the animal shelter. Do you do any volunteer work?", "What type volunteer work did you do? Did you find it fulfilling?", "Jobs definitely take up most of our free time! Are you enjoying your new job?", "Cool! What type hobbies do you enjoy? I love playing tennis.", "My daughters played competitive junior tennis and were both state champions. Yeahhh...I'm bragging a little! lol" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ The Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) is a volunteer-based, non-government organization whose goal is to prevent animal cruelty through education, animal sheltering and advocacy.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ PAWS believes that the creation of a more peaceful society starts with the widening of mankind’s circle of compassion which includes animals, thereby envisions a nation that respects animals, practices responsible pet ownership and protects wildlife.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ The volunteer-based organization rehabilitates these animals in the hope of finding them new homes and a second chance at a good life.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ PAWS does not take in pets of other people, only victims of cruelty or neglect where the animal offenders are charged with violation of the Animal Welfare Act in court.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ The Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-Angell Animal Medical Center (MSPCA-Angell) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization with its main headquarters on South Huntington Avenue in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ It was founded in 1868, and is the second-oldest humane society in the United States.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ \"MSPCA-Angell\" was adopted as the society's identity in 2003, and indicates the names of its two closely related predecessor organizations: Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Angell Animal Medical Center (formerly known as Angell Memorial Animal Hospital).", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society is an animal shelter and humane society in New Jersey The Liberty Humane Society was created in 1998 to work in partnership with Jersey City to build and manage an animal shelter.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ Jersey City had previously contracted with the Hudson County SPCA to provide it with animal sheltering services, but the SPCA was deemed unsatisfactory.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ In 2002, after a state investigation revealed numerous abuses, mismanagement, and financial misdealings at the SPCA, the City dropped its contract and opened its own animal shelter in a converted garage.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society provided volunteer and financial support, and participated in managerial and hiring decisions with the City." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Volunteer grant __knowledge__ Volunteer grants are charitable gifts given to non-profit organizations by corporations in recognition of volunteer work being done by a company's employees.", "Volunteer grant __knowledge__ This practice is widespread in the United States.", "Volunteer grant __knowledge__ Corporate giving programs created to encourage volunteerism by a corporation's employees by providing volunteer grants are called \"volunteer grant programs\" or \"Dollars for Doers\" programs.", "Volunteer grant __knowledge__ Two main types of corporate volunteer grants are: 1.", "Volunteer grant __knowledge__ Individual volunteer grants – These are small grants of around $250–$750 which are given to nonprofits to recognize an employee's volunteer commitment upon reaching a certain number of volunteer hours in a year (usually 10–50 hours).", "Action Z __knowledge__ \"Initiative Z\" was the Czechoslovak communist regime's attempt to tap a volunteer work and community spirit toward supplementing local infrastructure and public facility improvement using volunteer work while the construction material and the logistics were provided by the government.", "Action Z __knowledge__ In Communist Czechoslovakia, Initiative Z () was a nationwide program of a volunteer, community-improvement unpaid manual labor by population, which was officially recognized as volunteer work which run for several decades, mainly on the projects where the 5-year planned economy was in a substantial delay.", "Action Z __knowledge__ Specific local plans with Initiative Z community-improvement projects were usually announced by a local \"\" (\"People's Committee\", i.e.", "National Volunteer Week __knowledge__ National Volunteer Week is an annual celebration observed in many countries, to promote and show appreciation for volunteerism and volunteering.", "National Volunteer Week __knowledge__ In the United States it is organized by the Point of Light foundation and in Canada by Volunteering Canada.", "National Volunteer Week __knowledge__ It is held in those two countries in mid to late April.", "National Volunteer Week __knowledge__ In New Zealand and Australia it is held in May.", "National Volunteer Week __knowledge__ In the UK, it is held in the first week of June.", "National Volunteer Week __knowledge__ In Canada, National Volunteer Week was first conceived in 1943 as a way to celebrate the contribution made by women on the home front to the war effort.", "National Volunteer Week __knowledge__ After World War II ended, National Volunteer Week declined in popularity until the 1960s when it revived and eventually began gaining popularity in the United States as well.", "Zetman __knowledge__ The story starts off with a face-off between two rival superheroes, ZET and Alphas, and then traces their origins – Jin Kanzaki, a young man with the ability to transform into a superhuman being known as ZET, and Kouga Amagi, a young man with a strong sense of justice who uses technology to fight as Alphas.", "Zetman __knowledge__ The fates of these two men and those around them intertwine as they fight to protect mankind and destroy monstrous abominations known as Players, who ironically are the creations of the Amagi Corporation, the company founded by Kouga's grandfather, Mitsugai Amagi.", "Zetman __knowledge__ ,\"Young Jin\" .", "Zetman __knowledge__ The main protagonist.", "Self-fulfilling prophecy __knowledge__ A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.", "Self-fulfilling prophecy __knowledge__ Although examples of such prophecies can be found in literature as far back as ancient Greece and ancient India, it is 20th-century sociologist Robert K. Merton who is credited with coining the expression \"self-fulfilling prophecy\" and formalizing its structure and consequences.", "Self-fulfilling prophecy __knowledge__ In his 1948 article \"Self-Fulfilling Prophecy\", Merton defines it in the following terms: Self-fulfilling prophecy are effects in \"behavioral confirmation effect\", in which behavior, influenced by expectations, causes those expectations to come true.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ The Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions was an organization founded in 1886 that sought to recruit college and university students in the United States for missionary service abroad.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ It also sought to publicize and encourage the missionary enterprise in general.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ Arthur Tappan Pierson was the primary early leader.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ The social and religious milieu of the late nineteenth century was favorable in nearly all ways for the birth and growth of a movement such as the Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ It was a time of dominance and prestige for Western civilization.", "Student Volunteer Movement __knowledge__ Imperialistic expansion was condoned as an altruistic response to increased knowledge of the non-Western world.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Trade Adjustment Assistance __knowledge__ Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) is a federal program of the United States government to act as a way to reduce the damaging impact of imports felt by certain sectors of the U.S. economy.", "Trade Adjustment Assistance __knowledge__ The current structure features four components of Trade Adjustment Assistance: for workers, firms, farmers, and communities.", "Trade Adjustment Assistance __knowledge__ Each cabinet-level department was tasked with a different sector of the overall Trade Adjustment Assistance program.", "Trade Adjustment Assistance __knowledge__ The program for workers is the largest, and administered by the U.S. Department of Labor.", "Trade Adjustment Assistance __knowledge__ The program for farmers is administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the firms and communities programs are administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Technological unemployment is the loss of jobs caused by technological change.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Such change typically includes the introduction of labour-saving \"mechanical-muscle\" machines or more efficient \"mechanical-mind\" processes (automation).", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Just as horses employed as prime movers were gradually made obsolete by the automobile, humans' jobs have also been affected throughout modern history.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Historical examples include artisan weavers reduced to poverty after the introduction of mechanised looms.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ During World War II, Alan Turing's Bombe machine compressed and decoded thousands of man-years worth of encrypted data in a matter of hours.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "St John Ambulance (England and the Islands) __knowledge__ St John Ambulance is a volunteer-led, charitable non-governmental organisation dedicated to the teaching and practice of first aid in England.", "St John Ambulance (England and the Islands) __knowledge__ Along with St John Ambulance in Wales and St John Ambulance Northern Ireland, St John Ambulance is one of three affiliates of the international St. John Ambulance movement in the United Kingdom.", "St John Ambulance (England and the Islands) __knowledge__ The organisation is a subsidiary of The Priory of England and the Islands of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, a registered charity, (part of the worldwide Venerable Order of St John) which also oversees similar activities in Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands.", "First aid __knowledge__ First aid is the assistance given to any person suffering a sudden illness or injury, with care provided to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, or to promote recovery.", "First aid __knowledge__ It includes initial intervention in a serious condition prior to professional medical help being available, such as performing CPR while awaiting an ambulance, as well as the complete treatment of minor conditions, such as applying a plaster to a cut.", "First aid __knowledge__ First aid is generally performed by the layperson, with many people trained in providing basic levels of first aid, and others willing to do so from acquired knowledge.", "First aid kit __knowledge__ A first aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment that is used to give medical treatment.", "First aid kit __knowledge__ There is a wide variation in the contents of first aid kits based on the knowledge and experience of those putting it together, the differing first aid requirements of the area where it may be used and variations in legislation or regulation in a given area.", "First aid kit __knowledge__ The international standard for first aid kits is that they should be identified with the ISO graphical symbol for first aid (from ISO 7010) which is an equal white cross on a green background, although many kits do not comply with this standard, either because they are put together by an individual or they predate the standards.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This is a list of protagonists and antagonists from British author Anthony Horowitz's \"Alex Rider\" series.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This includes characters from the novels, the film, the graphic novels, and the short stories.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Anthony Sean Howell, more commonly referred to as Ash (his initials), is a major character in \"Snakehead\".", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was born in England and worked for MI6 with his best friend John Rider.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ When John went undercover within Scorpia, Ash was assigned to monitor his progress from a distance in case his friend got into difficulty.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was chosen to lead the mission to \"capture\" John, when he and Yassen Gregorovich were sent to kill a target in Malta.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2014 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ All new characters in 2014 were introduced by Dominic Treadwell-Collins, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Nancy Carter arrived in January with her fiancé, Wayne Ladlow, Stan Carter, Babe Smith and new market inspector, Aleks Shirovs.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ February saw Stacey Branning return with her daughter Lily and also her new boyfriend, Luke Riley, followed by Tosh Mackintosh.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ On 10 March, Charlie Cotton and on 4 April, Lee Carter.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Donna Yates, a new market stallholder and Pam Coker, Les Coker's wife, both arrived on 14 April.", "St John New Zealand __knowledge__ St John New Zealand (also often referred to as St John Ambulance of New Zealand) is a charitable organisation providing healthcare services to the New Zealand public.", "St John New Zealand __knowledge__ The organisation provides ambulance services throughout New Zealand, and also plays an increasing role in meeting the broader health needs of New Zealand communities through a number of health services and products.", "St John New Zealand __knowledge__ St John services include emergency and non-emergency ambulance treatment and transport, event medical services, first aid training, the sale of first aid kits and supplies, programmes offering non-clinical support for patients and their family and friends, medical alarms, caring callers who phone to check on someone’s well-being and health shuttles to help people with impaired mobility attend essential appointments." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Hobbies can include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing other amusements.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A list of hobbies is lengthy and always changing as interests and fashions change.", "Hobby __knowledge__ By continually participating in a particular hobby, one can acquire substantial skills and knowledge in that area.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Engagement in hobbies has increased since the late nineteenth century as workers have more leisure time and advancing production and technology have provided more support for leisure activities.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ \"The Prince of Tennis\" manga and anime series has a large cast of fictional characters created by Takeshi Konomi; many have appeared in the musical and film adaptations.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The cast of the series is largely made up of the members of the various tennis teams for the schools portrayed in the series, their coaches, and various family members and supporters.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main character of the series is Ryoma Echizen, a 12-year-old tennis prodigy who joins the Seishun Academy tennis team.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main cast is rounded out with the other eight regular players for Seishun, all of whom have various special abilities at playing tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Maria Yuryevna Sharapova (; born April 19, 1987) is a Russian professional tennis player.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ A United States resident since 1994, Sharapova has competed on the WTA tour since 2001.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She has been ranked world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 in singles by the WTA on five separate occasions, for a total of 21 weeks.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is one of ten women, and the only Russian, to hold the career Grand Slam.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is also an Olympic medalist, having earned silver for Russia in women's singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Sharapova became the world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 for the first time on August 22, 2005, at the age of 18, and last held the ranking for the fifth time for four weeks from June 11, 2012, to July 8, 2012.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907 – June 29, 2003) was an American actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Known for her fierce independence and spirited personality, Hepburn was a leading lady in Hollywood for more than 60 years.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ She appeared in a range of genres, from screwball comedy to literary drama, and she received four Academy Awards—a record for any performer—for Best Actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ In 1999, Hepburn was named by the American Film Institute as the greatest female star of Classic Hollywood Cinema.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Raised in Connecticut by wealthy, progressive parents, Hepburn began to act while studying at Bryn Mawr College.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ After four years in the theatre, favorable reviews of her work on Broadway brought her to the attention of Hollywood.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Timothy Henry Henman (born 6 September 1974) is a retired British professional tennis player.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Henman played a serve-and-volley style of tennis.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ He was the first male player from the United Kingdom since Roger Taylor in the 1970s to reach the semi-finals of the Wimbledon Men's Singles Championship.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Henman never reached the finals of any Grand Slam but reached six Grand Slam semifinals and won 15 career ATP titles (11 in singles and four in doubles), including the Paris Masters in 2003.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Also, he scored 40 wins and 14 losses with the Great Britain Davis Cup team.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Henman was ranked British number 1 in 1996 and again from 1999 to 2005, from which point he was succeeded by Andy Murray.", "Neurobiological effects of physical exercise __knowledge__ The are numerous and involve a wide range of interrelated effects on brain structure, brain function, and cognition.", "Neurobiological effects of physical exercise __knowledge__ A large body of research in humans has demonstrated that consistent aerobic exercise (e.g., 30 minutes every day) induces persistent improvements in certain cognitive functions, healthy alterations in gene expression in the brain, and beneficial forms of neuroplasticity and behavioral plasticity; some of these long-term effects include: increased neuron growth, increased neurological activity (e.g., and BDNF signaling), improved stress coping, enhanced cognitive control of behavior, improved declarative, spatial, and working memory, and structural and functional improvements in brain structures and pathways associated with cognitive control and memory.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Hare Krishna Food for Life __knowledge__ Hare Krishna Food for Life is the world's largest vegetarian non-profit food relief organization.", "Hare Krishna Food for Life __knowledge__ Its efforts span the globe, with projects occupying over 60 countries.", "Hare Krishna Food for Life __knowledge__ Volunteers provide up to 2,000,000 free meals daily.", "Hare Krishna Food for Life __knowledge__ Food For Life does not only tackle only one form of hunger but reaches out to all in need, including; the homeless, disadvantaged children throughout India; and victims of natural disasters around the world.", "Hare Krishna Food for Life __knowledge__ With roots in India, the Food for Life project is a modern-day revival of the ancient Vedic culture of hospitality with its belief in the equality of all beings.", "Hare Krishna Food for Life __knowledge__ It was conceived of and began by the International Society for Krishna Consciousness in 1974 and is thus commonly known as \"ISKCON Food For Life\" or \"Hare Krishna Food For Life\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits (depending on the jurisdiction also called unemployment insurance or unemployment compensation) are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ In the United States, benefits are funded by a compulsory governmental insurance system, not taxes on individual citizens.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums may be small, covering only basic needs, or may compensate the lost time proportionally to the previous earned salary.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits are generally given only to those registering as unemployed, and often on conditions ensuring that they seek work and do not currently have a job, and are validated as being laid off and not fired for cause in most states.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain \"to benefit another person, group or organization\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering is also renowned for skill development and is often intended to promote goodness or to improve human quality of life.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Volunteering may have positive benefits for the volunteer as well as for the person or community served.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It is also intended to make contacts for possible employment.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Others serve on an as-needed basis, such as in response to a natural disaster.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The verb was first recorded in 1755.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ It was derived from the noun \"volunteer\", in C.1600, \"one who offers himself for military service,\" from the Middle French \"voluntaire\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In the non-military sense, the word was first recorded during the 1630s.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ The word \"volunteering\" has more recent usage—still predominantly military—coinciding with the phrase \"community service\".", "Volunteering __knowledge__ In a military context, a volunteer army is a military body whose soldiers chose to enter service, as opposed to having been conscripted.", "Volunteering __knowledge__ Such volunteers do not work \"for free\" and are given regular pay.", "Daughters (band) __knowledge__ Daughters is an American rock band formed in 2002, in Providence, Rhode Island after the break-up of As the Sun Sets.", "Daughters (band) __knowledge__ The band's current line-up consists of vocalist Alexis S.F.", "Daughters (band) __knowledge__ Marshall, guitarist Nicholas Andrew Sadler drummer Jon Syverson and bassist Samuel Moorehouse Walker.", "Daughters (band) __knowledge__ Prior to Daughters vocalist Alexis S.F.", "Daughters (band) __knowledge__ Marshall, guitarist Jeremy Wabiszczewicz and drummer Jon Syverson played in the American grindcore band, As the Sun Sets, following its disbandment, Marshall, Wabiszczewicz and Syverson went on to form Daughters along with guitarist Nicholas Andrew Sadler and bassist Pat Masterson.", "Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (Lexington, Kentucky) __knowledge__ Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (PLD) is a secondary school located at 1600 Man o' War Boulevard on the southwest side of Lexington, Kentucky, USA.", "Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (Lexington, Kentucky) __knowledge__ The school is one of six high schools in the Fayette County Public Schools district.", "Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (Lexington, Kentucky) __knowledge__ Paul Laurence Dunbar High School is named after the 19th century African-American poet, Paul Laurence Dunbar, whose parents were from Kentucky.The school was opened in 1990.", "Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (Lexington, Kentucky) __knowledge__ With an enrollment of over 2100, it is one of the largest public high schools in Kentucky, and was the largest during the 2005–06, 2006–07, and 2007–08 academic years.", "Paul Laurence Dunbar High School (Lexington, Kentucky) __knowledge__ It also houses the Math, Science, and Technology Center.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ The Cal State Fullerton Titans Women's Tennis Team compete's at the NCAA Division I Collegiate level and is a member of the Big West Conference.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ All home collegiate tennis matches are played at the California State University, Fullerton Campus Courts in Fullerton, Ca..", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ Check fullertontitans.com/sports/w-tennis/index for schedule of school matches and times.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ Dr. Jean A. Barrett,(Emeritus) started at Orange State College (known now as Cal State Fullerton) in 1963 she was a Professor of Health, Physical Education and Recreation at Fullerton getting her degree's a B.S.", "Cal State Fullerton Titans tennis __knowledge__ from Cortland State Teachers College in 1952 and an Ed.M.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Athletic DNA __knowledge__ Athletic DNA (ADNA) is an American sports apparel company.", "Athletic DNA __knowledge__ Founded in Seattle in 2007, ADNA began by training young tennis athletes, which evolved into sponsoring Select Junior Tennis players, and then expanded to manufacturing clothing for youth and adult tennis players.", "Athletic DNA __knowledge__ ADNA has since spread to professional tennis, and currently sponsors players on the ATP Tour & WTA Tour.", "Athletic DNA __knowledge__ Athletic DNA is run by former University of Illinois tennis player Mike Calkins, New Zealand Davis Cup representative; former University of Idaho tennis player Dan Willman; and Karl Wiersholm, father of nationally ranked junior tennis player Henrik Wiersholm.", "Tennis in China __knowledge__ Tennis in China is a rapidly growing sport that has received much private and public support, and has today become firmly entrenched in the Chinese consciousness as one of the most popular.", "Tennis in China __knowledge__ Tennis is now the third-most popular sport on television in China, behind Association football and basketball.", "Tennis in China __knowledge__ The national governing body is the China Tennis Association.", "Tennis in China __knowledge__ China has 30,000 tennis courts and an estimated 14 million people in China regularly play tennis, up from 1 million when the sport returned to the Olympics in 1988, according to the WTA Tour.", "Tennis in China __knowledge__ The Chinese government is aiming to increase that by 15 percent every year.", "Venus Williams __knowledge__ Venus Ebony Starr Williams (born June 17, 1980) is an American professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No.", "Venus Williams __knowledge__ 8 in the WTA singles rankings.", "Venus Williams __knowledge__ She is generally regarded as one of the all-time greats of women's tennis and, along with younger sister Serena Williams, is credited with ushering in a new era of power and athleticism on the women's professional tennis tour.", "Venus Williams __knowledge__ Williams has been ranked world No.", "Venus Williams __knowledge__ 1 by the Women's Tennis Association on three occasions, for a total of 11 weeks.", "Venus Williams __knowledge__ She first became the world No.", "Venus Williams __knowledge__ 1 on February 25, 2002, the first African American woman to do so in the Open Era.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ \"The Prince of Tennis\" manga and anime series has a large cast of fictional characters created by Takeshi Konomi; many have appeared in the musical and film adaptations.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The cast of the series is largely made up of the members of the various tennis teams for the schools portrayed in the series, their coaches, and various family members and supporters.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main character of the series is Ryoma Echizen, a 12-year-old tennis prodigy who joins the Seishun Academy tennis team.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main cast is rounded out with the other eight regular players for Seishun, all of whom have various special abilities at playing tennis.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Maria Yuryevna Sharapova (; born April 19, 1987) is a Russian professional tennis player.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ A United States resident since 1994, Sharapova has competed on the WTA tour since 2001.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She has been ranked world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 in singles by the WTA on five separate occasions, for a total of 21 weeks.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is one of ten women, and the only Russian, to hold the career Grand Slam.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is also an Olympic medalist, having earned silver for Russia in women's singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Sharapova became the world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 for the first time on August 22, 2005, at the age of 18, and last held the ranking for the fifth time for four weeks from June 11, 2012, to July 8, 2012.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ The Café Hillel bombing was a Palestinian suicide bombing carried out on September 9, 2003 in a coffee shop in the German Colony neighborhood in Jerusalem.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ Seven people were killed in the attack and over 50 were injured.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ A few hours prior to the Café Hillel bombing, Palestinian militants carried out a suicide attack in a bus stop next to the military base Tzrifin.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ On Tuesday evening, 9 September 2003 a Palestinian suicide bomber approached the \"Café Hillel\" coffee shop in the German Colony neighborhood of Jerusalem.", "Café Hillel bombing __knowledge__ Security guard Alon Mizrahi was attempting to prevent the bomber from entering when he blew himself up.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Timothy Henry Henman (born 6 September 1974) is a retired British professional tennis player.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Henman played a serve-and-volley style of tennis.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ He was the first male player from the United Kingdom since Roger Taylor in the 1970s to reach the semi-finals of the Wimbledon Men's Singles Championship.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Henman never reached the finals of any Grand Slam but reached six Grand Slam semifinals and won 15 career ATP titles (11 in singles and four in doubles), including the Paris Masters in 2003.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Also, he scored 40 wins and 14 losses with the Great Britain Davis Cup team.", "Tim Henman __knowledge__ Henman was ranked British number 1 in 1996 and again from 1999 to 2005, from which point he was succeeded by Andy Murray.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ Novak Djokovic (, ; born 22 May 1987) is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ 14 in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP).", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles, five ATP Finals titles, 30 Masters 1000 series titles, 12 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, and has held the No.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ In majors, Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles, three Wimbledon titles, two US Open titles and one French Open title.", "Novak Djokovic __knowledge__ In 2016, he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907 – June 29, 2003) was an American actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Known for her fierce independence and spirited personality, Hepburn was a leading lady in Hollywood for more than 60 years.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ She appeared in a range of genres, from screwball comedy to literary drama, and she received four Academy Awards—a record for any performer—for Best Actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ In 1999, Hepburn was named by the American Film Institute as the greatest female star of Classic Hollywood Cinema.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Raised in Connecticut by wealthy, progressive parents, Hepburn began to act while studying at Bryn Mawr College.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ After four years in the theatre, favorable reviews of her work on Broadway brought her to the attention of Hollywood.", "Jonathan Marray __knowledge__ Jonathan \"Jonny\" Marray (born 10 March 1981) is a former British tennis player and a Wimbledon Men's Doubles champion.", "Jonathan Marray __knowledge__ Marray is a former top 20 doubles player, reaching a career high of world no.", "Jonathan Marray __knowledge__ 15 in January 2013, mainly due to more regular appearances on the ATP World Tour, following his victory at Wimbledon 2012.", "Jonathan Marray __knowledge__ He has also competed on the singles tour, reaching world no.", "Jonathan Marray __knowledge__ 215 in April 2005, but was unable to continue his singles career, in part due to injuries.", "Jonathan Marray __knowledge__ Marray first came to prominence at the 2004 Queen's Club Championship where he reached the third round.", "Jonathan Marray __knowledge__ Marray has since played predominantly on the ATP Challenger Tour, where he has reached one singles final and won multiple doubles competitions." ] ]

[ 3, 4, 29, 26, 12 ]

[ "Not right now. I did a lot of volunteer work in the past but now I'm getting busy with work. It's nice to give back to the community though.", "Yeah I did work for non profits and first aid volunteering. I was hoping to find a real job though.", "Yeah it was hard finding a job for a long time. i was unemployed for 2 years. But I took the time to enjoy some hobbies.", "Me too! I'm spending a lot of time playing tennis this summer. it's a great exercise too.", "Hahaha, that's great. So what kind of volunteering have you done? Does your daughter volunteer anywhere?" ]

[ "Volunteering", "Volunteering", "Volunteering", "Volunteering", "Volunteering" ]

[ "Community theatre\nI am curious to know more about community theatre, do you think that you can help?", "Have you been to any of such performances?", "Ok nice, what other information can you tell me about community theatre", "Does the government have any policies and regulations as to how these performances are done?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre, also known as amateur dramatics, is theatre performed by amateur actors and singers.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre groups may stage plays, revues, musicals, light opera, pantomime or variety shows, and do so for the social activity as well as the artistic side.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Productions may take place in venues ranging from the open air, community centres or schools to independent or major professional theatres and can be simple light entertainment or demanding drama.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre is distinct from the professional or community theatre simply in that participants are not paid, although this is not always the case, even though the productions staged may be commercial ventures, either to fund further productions, to benefit the community, or for charity.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre (BCT) in Bakersfield, California is the oldest continuing community theatre in California; and the second oldest amateur community theatre in the Western United States: the Tacoma Little Theatre, est.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ 1918 in Tacoma, Washington, is the oldest.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Officially established in 1927, BCT has been putting on a full season of plays and musicals starting when Albert Johnson directed the beginning of a continuous string of productions.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre has been remodeled a few times, and is currently capable of holding an audience of 181.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre was founded in May 1927.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is a theater located at 159 South Main Street in downtown Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, located midway between Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and Hagerstown, Maryland.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center opened as a movie theater on February 3, 1927.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ Following renovations in 1996 the Capitol now operates as a community arts center.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ It is funded through the Capitol Theatre Center Foundation.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is one of the few theaters in the United States to still have its original organ, a Möller theater pipe organ.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is the home of all performances done by the Chambersburg Community Theatre.", "Community Theatre of Little Rock __knowledge__ Community Theatre of Little Rock is a non-profit organization based in Little Rock, Arkansas and founded in 1956.", "Community Theatre of Little Rock __knowledge__ It is a completely volunteer-driven organization.", "Community Theatre of Little Rock __knowledge__ Founded in 1956, Community Theatre of Little Rock (CTLR) is Central Arkansas' Oldest and finest theater tradition.", "Community Theatre of Little Rock __knowledge__ Since its inception, CTLR has performed in many venues in Little Rock.", "Community Theatre of Little Rock __knowledge__ In the very early years, The Parish Hall at 9th and Louisiana, Trinity Parish Hall, Robinson (Center) Auditorium, a renovated feedstore at 609 Center Street and The Medical Center Auditorium provided performance stages.", "Community Theatre of Little Rock __knowledge__ In the 1960s and 1970s, National Investors Life Building, the Arkansas Arts Center, Student Union became venues.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ The Kalamazoo Civic Theatre is the third largest community theatre organization in the United States.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ It is located in Kalamazoo county, Michigan.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ The Kalamazoo Civic Players was established in 1929.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ Founders of the theatre included Dorothy Dalton, Norman Carver Sr., Howard Chenery, Ruth Noble, Paul Fuller, Louise Carver, and Jean Huston.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ Since then, the theater has continued to grow in popularity.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ 1931 – The Players move into their permanent home at the South Street location.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ The theatre was state of the art for the time.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ Its elegant house and surrounding spaces added greatly to the performances within.", "Raleigh Little Theatre __knowledge__ Raleigh Little Theatre (RLT) is a community theatre in Raleigh, North Carolina that produces 10 to 11 full productions annually and maintains a comprehensive youth and adult theatre education programs.", "Raleigh Little Theatre __knowledge__ Raleigh Little Theatre was established in 1936 to provide community theatre performances and opportunities for residents.", "Raleigh Little Theatre __knowledge__ RLT produces 11 shows each season, professionally supported by complete on-site costume and scene shops, along with a full and part-time professional staff of 16 and more than 600 community volunteers.", "Raleigh Little Theatre __knowledge__ With the largest subscription base of any community theatre in the area (3,000+), RLT serves more than 40,000 people with shows each season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "Théâtre Lyrique __knowledge__ The Théâtre Lyrique was one of four opera companies performing in Paris during the middle of the 19th century (the other three being the Opéra, the Opéra-Comique, and the Théâtre-Italien).", "Théâtre Lyrique __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1847 as the Opéra-National by the French composer Adolphe Adam and renamed Théâtre Lyrique in 1852.", "Théâtre Lyrique __knowledge__ It used four different theatres in succession, the Cirque Olympique, the Théâtre Historique, the Salle du Théâtre-Lyrique (now the Théâtre de la Ville), and the Salle de l'Athénée, until it ceased operations in 1872.", "Théâtre Lyrique __knowledge__ The diverse repertoire of the company \"cracked the strict organization of the Parisian operatic world by breaking away from the principle that institution and genre were of one substance.\"", "List of performers at the Montreux Jazz Festival __knowledge__ This is a list of artists that have performed at the Montreux Jazz Festival.", "List of performers at the Montreux Jazz Festival __knowledge__ The 1967 edition of the festival featured performances of 2 artists: The 1968 edition of the festival featured performances of 4 artists: The 1969 edition of the festival featured performances of 7 artists: The 1970 edition of the festival featured performances of 11 artists: The 1971 edition of the festival featured performances of 9 artists: The 1972 edition of the festival featured performances of 15 artists: The 1973 edition of the festival featured performances of 7 artists: The 1974 edition of the festival featured performances of 14 artists: The 1975 edition of the festival featured performances of 22 artists: The 1976 edition of the festival featured performances of 20 artists: The 1977 edition of the festival featured performances of 27 artists: The 1978 edition of the festival featured performances of 19 artists: The 1979 edition of the festival featured performances of 18 artists: The 1980 edition of the festival featured performances of 20 artists: The 1981 edition of the festival featured performances of 25 artists: The 1982 edition of the festival featured performances of 21 artists: The 1983 edition of the festival featured performances of 19 artists: The 1984 edition of the festival featured performances of 22 artists: The 1985 edition of the festival featured performances of 16 artists: The 1986 edition of the festival featured performances of 33 artists: The 1987 edition of the festival featured performances of 24 artists: The 1988 edition of the festival featured performances of 34 artists: The 1989 edition of the festival featured performances of 31 artists: The 1990 edition of the festival featured performances of 37 artists: The 1991 edition of the festival featured performances of 39 artists: The 1992 edition of the festival featured performances of 25 artists: The 1993 edition of the festival featured performances of 53 artists: The 1994 edition of the festival featured performances of 38 artists: The 1995 edition of the festival featured performances of 29 artists: The 1996 edition of the festival featured performances of 45 artists: The 1997 edition of the festival featured performances of 47 artists: The 1998 edition of the festival featured performances of 43 artists: The 1999 edition of the festival featured performances of 50 artists: The 2000 edition of the festival featured performances of 38 artists: The 2001 edition of the festival featured performances of 51 artists: The 2002 edition of the festival featured performances of 75 artists: The 2003 edition of the festival featured performances of 60 artists: The 2004 edition of the festival featured performances of 105 artists: The 2005 edition of the festival featured performances of 110 artists: The 2006 edition of the festival featured performances of 99 artists: The 2007 edition of the festival featured performances of 84 artists: The 2008 edition of the festival featured performances of 128 artists: The 2009 edition of the festival featured performances of 136 artists: The 2010 edition of the festival featured performances of 108 artists: The 2011 edition of the festival featured performances of 142 artists: The 2012 edition of the festival featured performances of 124 artists: The 2013 edition of the festival featured performances of 117 artists: The 2014 edition of the festival featured performances of 163 artists: The 2015 edition of the festival featured performances of 158 artists: The 2016 edition of the festival featured performances of 110 artists: The 2017 edition of the festival featured performances of 66 artists:", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "Metropolitan Opera __knowledge__ The Metropolitan Opera is a company based in New York City, resident at the Metropolitan Opera House at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts.", "Metropolitan Opera __knowledge__ The company is operated by the non-profit Metropolitan Opera Association, with Peter Gelb as general manager.", "Metropolitan Opera __knowledge__ The music director position is in transition as of 2016.", "Metropolitan Opera __knowledge__ The music director designate is Yannick Nézet-Séguin and the music director emeritus was James Levine until December 2017, when the Met suspended its relationship with him as a result of a number of sexual abuse allegations.", "Metropolitan Opera __knowledge__ The Met was founded in 1880 as an alternative to the previously established Academy of Music opera house, and debuted in 1883 in a new building on 39th and Broadway (now known as the \"Old Met\").", "Messiah (Handel) __knowledge__ Messiah (HWV 56) is an English-language oratorio composed in 1741 by George Frideric Handel, with a scriptural text compiled by Charles Jennens from the King James Bible, and from the version of the \"Psalms\" included with the \"Book of Common Prayer\".", "Messiah (Handel) __knowledge__ It was first performed in Dublin on 13 April 1742 and received its London premiere nearly a year later.", "Messiah (Handel) __knowledge__ After an initially modest public reception, the oratorio gained in popularity, eventually becoming one of the best-known and most frequently performed choral works in Western music.", "Messiah (Handel) __knowledge__ Handel's reputation in England, where he had lived since 1712, had been established through his compositions of Italian opera.", "Duke Performances __knowledge__ Duke Performances is a performing arts presentation company at Duke University in Durham, NC.", "Duke Performances __knowledge__ The company presents performance artists throughout the year from a range of art forms.", "Duke Performances __knowledge__ Duke Performances showcases these artists through formal performances, master classes, and open discussion panels with Duke and Durham community members.", "Duke Performances __knowledge__ Duke Performances informally began in 1956 after Duke University invited Ella Fountain Pratt to develop arts programs for the student union on campus.", "Duke Performances __knowledge__ During Pratt’s time at Duke she presented artists as diverse as Pete Seeger, Janis Joplin, Leontyne Price, and The Grateful Dead.", "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve __knowledge__ Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve (NYRE) is an annual New Year's Eve television special broadcast by ABC.", "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve __knowledge__ The special broadcasts primarily from New York City's Times Square, and prominently features coverage of its annual ball drop event, along with live and pre-recorded musical performances by popular musicians from Times Square and Hollywood, respectively, in addition to live performances and coverage of festivities from New Orleans.", "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve __knowledge__ Its creator and namesake was the entertainer Dick Clark, who conceived \"New Year's Rockin' Eve\" as a younger-skewing competitor to Guy Lombardo's popular and long-running New Year's Eve big band broadcasts on CBS.", "Medieval theatre __knowledge__ Medieval theatre refers to theatrical performance in the period between the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century A.D. and the beginning of the Renaissance in approximately the 15th century A.D.", "Medieval theatre __knowledge__ Medieval Theatre covers all drama produced in Europe over that thousand-year period and refers to a variety of genres, including liturgical drama, mystery plays, morality plays, farces and masques.", "Medieval theatre __knowledge__ Beginning with Hrosvitha of Gandersheim in the 10th century, Medieval drama was for the most part very religious and moral in its themes, staging and traditions.", "Medieval theatre __knowledge__ The most famous examples of Medieval plays are the English cycle dramas, the York Mystery Plays, the Chester Mystery Plays, the Wakefield Mystery Plays and the N-Town Plays, as well as the morality play, \"Everyman\".", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre, also known as amateur dramatics, is theatre performed by amateur actors and singers.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre groups may stage plays, revues, musicals, light opera, pantomime or variety shows, and do so for the social activity as well as the artistic side.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Productions may take place in venues ranging from the open air, community centres or schools to independent or major professional theatres and can be simple light entertainment or demanding drama.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre is distinct from the professional or community theatre simply in that participants are not paid, although this is not always the case, even though the productions staged may be commercial ventures, either to fund further productions, to benefit the community, or for charity.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Community arts, also sometimes known as \"dialogical art\", \"community-engaged\" or \"community-based art,\" refers to artistic activity based in a community setting.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Works from this genre can be of any media and is characterized by interaction or dialogue with the community.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Often professional artists collaborate with people who may not otherwise normally actively engage in the arts.", "Community arts __knowledge__ The term was defined in the late-1960s and spawned a movement which grew in the United States, Canada, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Australia.", "Community arts __knowledge__ In Scandinavia, the term \"community art\" means more often contemporary art project.", "Development of musical theatre __knowledge__ Development of musical theatre refers to the historical development of theatrical performance combined with music that culminated in the integrated form of modern musical theatre that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dance.", "Development of musical theatre __knowledge__ Although music has been a part of dramatic presentations since ancient times, modern Western musical theatre developed from several lines of antecedents that evolved over several centuries through the 18th century when the Ballad Opera and pantomime emerged in England and its colonies as the most popular forms of musical entertainment.", "Development of musical theatre __knowledge__ In the 19th century, following the development of European operetta, many of the structural elements of modern musical theatre were established by the works of Gilbert and Sullivan in Britain and those of Harrigan and Hart in America.", "Taiko __knowledge__ Taiko have a mythological origin in Japanese folklore, but historical records suggest that taiko were introduced to Japan through Korean and Chinese cultural influence as early as the 6th century CE.", "Taiko __knowledge__ Some taiko are similar to instruments originating from India.", "Taiko __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence also supports that taiko were present in Japan during the 6th century in the Kofun period.", "Taiko __knowledge__ Their function has varied through history, ranging from communication, military action, theatrical accompaniment, and religious ceremony to both festival and concert performances.", "Taiko __knowledge__ In modern times, taiko have also played a central role in social movements for minorities both within and outside Japan.", "Theatre of the Oppressed __knowledge__ The Theatre of the Oppressed (TO) describes theatrical forms that the Brazilian theatre practitioner Augusto Boal first elaborated in the 1970s, initially in Brazil and later in Europe.", "Theatre of the Oppressed __knowledge__ Boal was influenced by the work of the educator and theorist Paulo Freire.", "Theatre of the Oppressed __knowledge__ Boal's techniques use theatre as means of promoting social and political change.", "Theatre of the Oppressed __knowledge__ In the Theatre of the Oppressed, the audience becomes active, such that as \"spect-actors\" they explore, show, analyse and transform the reality in which they are living.", "Theatre of the Oppressed __knowledge__ The Theatre of the Oppressed, a term coined by Augusto Boal, is a series of theatrical analyses and critiques developed in the 1950s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre, also known as amateur dramatics, is theatre performed by amateur actors and singers.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre groups may stage plays, revues, musicals, light opera, pantomime or variety shows, and do so for the social activity as well as the artistic side.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Productions may take place in venues ranging from the open air, community centres or schools to independent or major professional theatres and can be simple light entertainment or demanding drama.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre is distinct from the professional or community theatre simply in that participants are not paid, although this is not always the case, even though the productions staged may be commercial ventures, either to fund further productions, to benefit the community, or for charity.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre (BCT) in Bakersfield, California is the oldest continuing community theatre in California; and the second oldest amateur community theatre in the Western United States: the Tacoma Little Theatre, est.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ 1918 in Tacoma, Washington, is the oldest.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Officially established in 1927, BCT has been putting on a full season of plays and musicals starting when Albert Johnson directed the beginning of a continuous string of productions.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre has been remodeled a few times, and is currently capable of holding an audience of 181.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre was founded in May 1927.", "Aristide Guerriero __knowledge__ Aristide Guerriero is an Italian former shot putter and throwing specialist.", "Aristide Guerriero __knowledge__ He is the strength and conditioning coach for the Brazilian National Women's Rugby Sevens team.", "Aristide Guerriero __knowledge__ Aristide Guerriero was born in Gaeta, Italy.", "Aristide Guerriero __knowledge__ He began his career as thrower at the , where he began competing and quickly earned a reputation for his throwing ability.", "Aristide Guerriero __knowledge__ Guerriero earned his master's degree in Sport Science at Foro Italico University of Rome.", "Aristide Guerriero __knowledge__ He is Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS), Tactical Facilitator (TSAC-F) through the National Strength & Conditioning Association.", "Aristide Guerriero __knowledge__ He is also certified as Track and Field Coach.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is a theater located at 159 South Main Street in downtown Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, located midway between Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and Hagerstown, Maryland.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center opened as a movie theater on February 3, 1927.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ Following renovations in 1996 the Capitol now operates as a community arts center.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ It is funded through the Capitol Theatre Center Foundation.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is one of the few theaters in the United States to still have its original organ, a Möller theater pipe organ.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is the home of all performances done by the Chambersburg Community Theatre.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Oklahoma __knowledge__ Oklahoma (; Pawnee: \"Uukuhuúwa\", Cayuga: \"Gahnawiyoˀgeh\") is a state in the South Central region of the United States.", "Oklahoma __knowledge__ It is the 20th-most extensive and the 28th-most populous of the 50 United States.", "Oklahoma __knowledge__ The state's name is derived from the Choctaw words \"okla\" and \"humma\", meaning \"red people.\"", "Oklahoma __knowledge__ It is also known informally by its nickname, \"The Sooner State,\" in reference to the non-Native settlers who staked their claims on land before the official opening date and the Indian Appropriations Act of 1889, which dramatically increased European-American settlement in the Indian Territory.", "Oklahoma __knowledge__ Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory were merged and \"Indian\" was dropped from the name.", "Eric Salzman __knowledge__ Eric Salzman (September 8, 1933 – November 12, 2017) was an American composer, scholar, author, impresario, music critic, and record producer.", "Eric Salzman __knowledge__ He is known for his work advancing the concept of \"New Music Theater\" as an independent art form differing in scope (economically and aesthetically) from Grand opera and contemporary popular musicals.", "Eric Salzman __knowledge__ He co-founded the American Music Theater Festival and was, at the time of his death in 2017, Composer-in-Residence at the Center for Contemporary Opera in New York City.", "Eric Salzman __knowledge__ Salzman was born September 8, 1933 in New York City and attended Forest Hills High School (1946–1950).", "Eugene O'Neill Theater Center __knowledge__ The Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theater Center in Waterford, Connecticut is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit theater company founded in 1964 by George C. White.", "Eugene O'Neill Theater Center __knowledge__ The O'Neill is the recipient of two Tony Awards, the 1979 Special Award and the 2010 Regional Theatre Award, and the 2015 National Medal of Arts presented on September 22, 2016 by President Obama.", "Eugene O'Neill Theater Center __knowledge__ The O'Neill is a multi-disciplinary institution that has had a transformative effect on American theater.", "Eugene O'Neill Theater Center __knowledge__ The O'Neill pioneered play development and stage readings as a tool for new plays and musicals, and is also home to the National Theater Institute (est.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Lee Breuer __knowledge__ Lee Breuer (born 1937) is an American playwright, theater director, academic, educator, film maker, poet and lyricist.", "Lee Breuer __knowledge__ Breuer is a founding co-artistic director of Mabou Mines Theater Company in New York City, which he began in 1970 with colleagues Philip Glass, Ruth Maleczech, JoAnne Akalaitis, David Warrilow, and Frederick Neumann.", "Lee Breuer __knowledge__ Breuer's most recent work \"La Divina Caricatura: Part I The Shaggy Dog\" was co-produced by Mabou Mines.", "Lee Breuer __knowledge__ His previous Mabou Mines production include \"Red Beads\" created in collaboration with puppeteer Basil Twist and composer Ushio Torikai.", "Lee Breuer __knowledge__ Of the September 2005 New York City premiere, the \"New York Times\" critic wrote \"\"...theater as sorcery; it is a crossroads where artistic traditions meet to invent a marvelous common language.", "Audition __knowledge__ An audition is a sample performance by an actor, singer, musician, dancer or other performer.", "Audition __knowledge__ It typically involves the performer displaying their talent through a previously memorized and rehearsed solo piece or by performing a work or piece given to the performer at the audition or shortly before.", "Audition __knowledge__ In some cases, such as with a model or acrobat, the individual may be asked to demonstrate a range of professional skills.", "Audition __knowledge__ Actors may be asked to present a monologue.", "Audition __knowledge__ Singers will perform a song in a popular music context or an aria in a Classical context.", "Audition __knowledge__ A dancer will present a routine in a specific style, such as ballet, tap dance or hip-hop, or show his or her ability to quickly learn a choreographed dance piece." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "HIV/AIDS in China __knowledge__ Much of the current spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China has been through intravenous drug use and prostitution.", "HIV/AIDS in China __knowledge__ In China, the number of people affected by HIV has been estimated at between 430,000 and 1.5 million; somewhere below or around 0.1% of the population.<ref name=\"National Intelligence Council.", "HIV/AIDS in China __knowledge__ The next wave of HIV/AIDS: Nigeria, Ethiopia, Russia, India, China.", "HIV/AIDS in China __knowledge__ ICA 2002-04 D. September, 2002.", "HIV/AIDS in China __knowledge__ \">National Intelligence Council.", "HIV/AIDS in China __knowledge__ The next wave of HIV/AIDS: Nigeria, Ethiopia, Russia, India, China.", "HIV/AIDS in China __knowledge__ ICA 2002-04 D. September, 2002. The CIA World Factbook as of 2012 estimated the percentage of adults (aged 15–49) living with HIV/AIDS in China at 0.1%, the same as in Japan and less than in many European Union countries such as the United Kingdom (0.2%) and Austria (0.3%).", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ Hydraulic fracturing in the United States began in 1949.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ According to the Department of Energy (DOE), by 2013 at least two million oil and gas wells in the US had been hydraulically fractured, and that of new wells being drilled, up to 95% are hydraulically fractured.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ The output from these wells makes up 43% of the oil production and 67% of the natural gas production in the United States.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ Environmental safety and health concerns about hydraulic fracturing emerged in the 1980s, and are still being debated at the state and federal levels.", "Hydraulic fracturing in the United States __knowledge__ New York banned massive hydraulic fracturing by executive order in 2012.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis was a set of events and conditions that led to a financial crisis and subsequent recession that began in 2007.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was characterized by a rise in subprime mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures, and the resulting decline of securities backed by said mortgages.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Several major financial institutions collapsed in September 2008, with significant disruption in the flow of credit to businesses and consumers and the onset of a severe global recession.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Government housing policies, over-regulation, failed regulation and deregulation have all been claimed as causes of the crisis, along with many others.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Internet privacy involves the right or mandate of personal privacy concerning the storing, repurposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via of the Internet.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Internet privacy is a subset of data privacy.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Privacy concerns have been articulated from the beginnings of large scale computer sharing.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Privacy can entail either \"Personally Identifying Information\" (PII) or non-PII information such as a site visitor's behavior on a website.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ PII refers to any information that can be used to identify an individual.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ For example, age and physical address alone could identify who an individual is without explicitly disclosing their name, as these two factors are unique enough to typically identify a specific person.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States at noon EST on January 20, 2017, succeeding Barack Obama.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump, the Republican nominee, was a businessman and reality television personality from New York City at the time of his victory in the 2016 presidential election over the Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, to whom he lost the popular vote by 3 million votes while winning the electoral college.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ His running mate, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, took office as the 48th Vice President of the United States on the same day.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump's term in office is set to end on January 20, 2021, though he is eligible for election to a second term and has declared his intention to run, announcing his re-election campaign on the day of his inauguration.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The United States (U.S.) subprime mortgage crisis was a nationwide banking emergency, occurring between 2007-2010, which contributed to the U.S. recession of December 2007 – June 2009.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was triggered by a large decline in home prices after the collapse of a housing bubble, leading to mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures and the devaluation of housing-related securities.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Declines in residential investment preceded the recession and were followed by reductions in household spending and then business investment.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Spending reductions were more significant in areas with a combination of high household debt and larger housing price declines.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (, , commonly referred to as Dodd–Frank) was signed into United States federal law by President Barack Obama on July 21, 2010.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ Passed as a response to the financial crisis of 2007–2008, it brought the most significant changes to financial regulation in the United States since the regulatory reform that followed the Great Depression.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ It made changes in the American financial regulatory environment that affected all federal financial regulatory agencies and almost every part of the nation's financial services industry.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ The law was initially proposed by the Obama administration in June 2009, when the White House sent a series of proposed bills to Congress.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Community arts, also sometimes known as \"dialogical art\", \"community-engaged\" or \"community-based art,\" refers to artistic activity based in a community setting.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Works from this genre can be of any media and is characterized by interaction or dialogue with the community.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Often professional artists collaborate with people who may not otherwise normally actively engage in the arts.", "Community arts __knowledge__ The term was defined in the late-1960s and spawned a movement which grew in the United States, Canada, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Australia.", "Community arts __knowledge__ In Scandinavia, the term \"community art\" means more often contemporary art project.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Spokane Civic Theatre is a nationally recognized non-profit theatre located in Spokane, Washington.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Incorporated in 1947, the theatre is one of the oldest community theatres in the country.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ In recent years, the theatre has been brought to a level of excellence that has resulted in many awards.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre's mission is \"to foster and operate a volunteer live community theatre of high artistic merit.\"", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Civic, as it is fondly called by the surrounding community, sets a high standard for theatre in the Spokane area.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Spokane Civic Theatre is one of few community theatres that owns its own building and land.", "Bundeswehr University Munich __knowledge__ Bundeswehr University Munich (, UniBw München) is one of only two federal research universities in Germany that both were founded in 1973 as part of the German Armed Forces (\"Bundeswehr\").", "Bundeswehr University Munich __knowledge__ Originally called \"Hochschule der Bundeswehr München\" the institution was supposed to offer civilian academic education for military officers.", "Bundeswehr University Munich __knowledge__ Today, the university has an increasing number of civilian and international students.", "Bundeswehr University Munich __knowledge__ The academic year at the university is structured in \"trimesters\" and not the usual semesters, to offer intensive studies with more credit points per year.", "Bundeswehr University Munich __knowledge__ Very capable students can therefore achieve a bachelor's and a master's degree within less than four years, while this would usually require five years.", "Koffler Centre of the Arts __knowledge__ The Koffler Centre of the Arts is a broad-based cultural institution established in 1977 by Murray and Marvelle Koffler and based at Artscape Youngplace in the West Queen West area of downtown Toronto, Ontario.", "Koffler Centre of the Arts __knowledge__ Established in 1977 as part of the Bathurst Jewish Community Centre (BJCC) in the North York area of Toronto on Bathurst Street.", "Koffler Centre of the Arts __knowledge__ On July 1, 2009, the Koffler was incorporated as an independent not-for-profit charitable organization.", "Koffler Centre of the Arts __knowledge__ The Koffler was home to the Jewish Book Fair (1977-2011), the Toronto Jewish Literary Festival (2012-2014) and the Koffler Chamber Orchestra (2005-2014).", "Koffler Centre of the Arts __knowledge__ In 2008, the Koffler Centre of the Arts was rebranded and restructured, with a multidisciplinary program department that ran complementary to the Koffler Gallery.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals." ] ]

[ 1, 14, 3, 4 ]

[ "Sure, Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities", "No but I want to be. I'm really into Music Theater and have done a little of that in High school but nothing since ", "Community theatres come in all sizes and some even take place in borrowed spaces like gyms ", "Not that I know about because most are considered non-profit businesses that have a large active membership" ]

[ "Community theatre", "Community theatre", "Community theatre", "Community theatre" ]

[ "Baseball", "Yes I knew that, but I don't really like baseball because it seems to move so slow. Who are some famous players?", "I would think batting would be easy if pitches were just easy pitches. I think some pitchers know fancy moves though.", "No, but that's probably why I thought it takes forever! How long is a typical game?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Famous Players-Lasky __knowledge__ Famous Players-Lasky Corporation was an American motion picture and distribution company created on July 19, 1916, from the merger of Adolph Zukor's Famous Players Film Company—originally formed by Zukor as Famous Players in Famous Plays—and the Jesse L. Lasky Feature Play Company.", "Famous Players-Lasky __knowledge__ The deal, guided by president Zukor, eventually resulted in the incorporation of eight film production companies, making the Famous Players-Lasky Corporation one of the biggest players of the silent film era.", "Famous Players-Lasky __knowledge__ Famous Players-Lasky, under the direction of Zukor, is perhaps best known for its vertical integration of the film industry and block booking practices.", "Ed Mirvish Theatre __knowledge__ The Ed Mirvish Theatre is a historic film and play theatre in Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Ed Mirvish Theatre __knowledge__ It was initially known as the Pantages Theatre, then became the Imperial Theatre and later the Canon Theatre, before it was renamed in honour of Ed Mirvish, a well-known businessman and theatre impresario.", "Ed Mirvish Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre was first opened in 1920 and is located near Yonge-Dundas Square.", "Ed Mirvish Theatre __knowledge__ The Pantages Theatre opened in 1920 as a combination vaudeville and motion picture house.", "Ed Mirvish Theatre __knowledge__ Designed by the theatre architect Thomas W. Lamb, it was the largest cinema in Canada (originally having 3373 seats) and one of the most elegant.", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ The question of the origins of baseball has been the subject of debate and controversy for more than a century.", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ Baseball and the other modern bat, ball and running games, cricket and rounders, were developed from folk games in early Britain and Continental Europe (such as France and Germany).", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ Early forms of baseball had a number of names, including \"base ball\", \"goal ball\", \"round ball\", \"fetch-catch\", \"stool ball\", and, simply, \"base\".", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ In at least one version of the game, teams pitched to themselves, runners went around the bases in the opposite direction of today's game, and players could be put out by being hit with the ball.", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval.", "Rudolph Valentino __knowledge__ Rodolfo Alfonso Raffaello Pierre Filibert Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella (May 6, 1895 – August 23, 1926), professionally known as Rudolph Valentino, was an Italian naturalized American actor who starred in several well-known silent films including \"The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse,\" \"The Sheik,\" \"Blood and Sand,\" \"The Eagle,\" and \"The Son of the Sheik.\"", "Rudolph Valentino __knowledge__ He was an early pop icon, a sex symbol of the 1920s, who was known as the \"Latin lover\" or simply as \"Valentino\".", "Rudolph Valentino __knowledge__ His death at 31 caused mass hysteria among his female fans and further propelled him to iconic status.", "Rudolph Valentino __knowledge__ Valentino was born Rodolfo Pietro Filiberto Raffaello Guglielmi in Castellaneta, Apulia, Kingdom of Italy.", "Famous Players __knowledge__ Famous Players was a Canadian-based film exhibitor and cable television service provider.", "Famous Players __knowledge__ Famous Players operated numerous movie theatre locations in Canada from British Columbia to Newfoundland and Labrador.", "Famous Players __knowledge__ The company was owned by Viacom Canada but was sold to Onex Corporation-owned Cineplex Galaxy LP in 2005.", "Famous Players __knowledge__ Famous Players Canadian Corporation dates back to the early days of Famous Players Film Company (later Paramount Pictures), founded in 1912, as its earliest predecessor, though that company did not have any operations in Canada until 1920, when it bought Nathan Nathanson's Paramount Theatre chain, which Nathanson had established four years earlier.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules of baseball differ slightly from league to league, but in general share the same basic game play.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ There are several major rules, which differ only slightly.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The \"Official Baseball Rules\" govern all professional play in the United States and Canada, including the World Baseball Classic.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The complete rules are published as the Official Baseball Rules at MLB.com, the official web site of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules are also published in book form in North America by the \"Sporting News\".", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ Many amateur and youth leagues use the \"OBR\" with only a few modifications for safety.", "Cricket __knowledge__ Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players each on a cricket field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard-long (20 metres) pitch with a target at each end called the wicket (a set of three wooden stumps upon which two bails sit).", "Cricket __knowledge__ Each phase of play is called an innings, during which one team bats, attempting to score as many runs as possible, whilst their opponents bowl and field, attempting to minimise the number of runs scored.", "Cricket __knowledge__ When each innings ends, the teams usually swap roles for the next innings (i.e.", "Cricket __knowledge__ the team that previously batted will bowl/field, and vice versa).", "Football __knowledge__ Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball with a foot to score a goal.", "Football __knowledge__ Unqualified, the word \"football\" is understood to refer to whichever form of football is the most popular in the regional context in which the word appears.", "Football __knowledge__ Sports commonly called \"football\" in certain places include: association football (known as soccer in some countries); gridiron football (specifically American football or Canadian football); Australian rules football; rugby football (either rugby league or rugby union); and Gaelic football.", "Football __knowledge__ These different variations of football are known as football codes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval.", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules of baseball differ slightly from league to league, but in general share the same basic game play.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ There are several major rules, which differ only slightly.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The \"Official Baseball Rules\" govern all professional play in the United States and Canada, including the World Baseball Classic.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The complete rules are published as the Official Baseball Rules at MLB.com, the official web site of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules are also published in book form in North America by the \"Sporting News\".", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ Many amateur and youth leagues use the \"OBR\" with only a few modifications for safety.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "Kevin Youkilis __knowledge__ Kevin Edmund Youkilis (; born March 15, 1979), also known as \"Youk\" , is an American former professional baseball first baseman and third baseman, who primarily played for the Boston Red Sox.", "Kevin Youkilis __knowledge__ A native of Cincinnati, Ohio, he was drafted by the Red Sox in 2001, after playing college baseball at the University of Cincinnati.", "Kevin Youkilis __knowledge__ He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Red Sox, the Chicago White Sox, and the New York Yankees.", "Kevin Youkilis __knowledge__ He is currently a special assistant to the Chicago Cubs and former Red Sox GM Theo Epstein.", "Kevin Youkilis __knowledge__ Known for his ability to get on base, while he was still a minor leaguer, Youkilis was nicknamed \"Euclis: The Greek God of Walks\" in the best-selling book, \"Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game\".", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Mo\" and \"Sandman\", Rivera spent most of his career as a relief pitcher and served as the Yankees' closer for 17 seasons.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ A thirteen-time All-Star and five-time World Series champion, he is MLB's career leader in saves (652) and games finished (952).", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Rivera won five American League (AL) Rolaids Relief Man Awards and three Delivery Man of the Year Awards, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL Cy Young Award four times.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2017 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 13th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the 10th season at Nationals Park, and the 49th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the fourth time in six years but were defeated by the Chicago Cubs in the Division Series.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The Washington Nationals announced in October 2016 that their entire coaching staff would return for the 2017 season, led by manager Dusty Baker.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The team lost several players to free agency after the 2016 season, including right-handed relief pitcher Matt Belisle, left-handed reliever Sean Burnett, infielder Stephen Drew, outfielder Chris Heisey, right-handed pitcher Mat Latos, closer Mark Melancon, catcher Wilson Ramos, and left-handed reliever Marc Rzepczynski.", "Plate appearance __knowledge__ In baseball statistics, a player is credited with a plate appearance (denoted by PA) each time he completes a turn batting.", "Plate appearance __knowledge__ A player completes a turn batting when: he strikes out or is declared out before reaching first base; or he reaches first base safely or is awarded first base (by a base on balls, hit by pitch, or catcher's interference); or he hits a fair ball which causes a preceding runner to be put out for the third out before he himself is put out or reaches first base safely (\"see also\" left on base, fielder's choice, force play).", "Plate appearance __knowledge__ In other words, a plate appearance ends when the batter is put out or becomes a runner.", "Cricket __knowledge__ Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players each on a cricket field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard-long (20 metres) pitch with a target at each end called the wicket (a set of three wooden stumps upon which two bails sit).", "Cricket __knowledge__ Each phase of play is called an innings, during which one team bats, attempting to score as many runs as possible, whilst their opponents bowl and field, attempting to minimise the number of runs scored.", "Cricket __knowledge__ When each innings ends, the teams usually swap roles for the next innings (i.e.", "Cricket __knowledge__ the team that previously batted will bowl/field, and vice versa).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Larry Kenneth Robert Walker (born December 1, 1966) is a Canadian former professional baseball right fielder in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his 17-year career, he played for the Montreal Expos (1989–1994), Colorado Rockies (1995–2004), and St. Louis Cardinals (2004–2005).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Since 2009, he has coached for the Canadian national baseball team.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Widely considered a five-tool talent of prodigious athleticism and instincts, Walker hit for both average and power, combined with well above-average speed, defense and throwing strength and accuracy.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his playing career, he stood tall and weighed , threw right-handed and batted left-handed.", "Nap Lajoie __knowledge__ Napoléon \"Nap\" Lajoie (; September 5, 1874 – February 7, 1959), also known as Larry Lajoie and nicknamed \"The Frenchman\", was an American professional baseball second baseman and player-manager.", "Nap Lajoie __knowledge__ He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies, Philadelphia Athletics (twice), and Cleveland Naps between 1896 and 1916.", "Nap Lajoie __knowledge__ He managed the Naps from 1905 through 1909.", "Nap Lajoie __knowledge__ Lajoie was signed to the National Leagues's (NL) Phillies in 1896.", "Nap Lajoie __knowledge__ By the beginning of the twentieth century, however, the upstart American League (AL) was looking to rival the supremacy of the NL and in 1901, Lajoie and dozens of former National League players joined the American League." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ The numbered musical notation (), is a musical notation system widely used in music publications in China.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ Not to be confused with the integer notation.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It dates back to the system designed by Pierre Galin, known as Galin-Paris-Chevé system.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It is comparable to the Gongche notation from the Tang Dynasty.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It is also known as Ziffersystem, meaning \"number system\" or \"cipher system\" in German.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It should be noticed that some other unrelated musical notation systems are also called cipher notations.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ The same system or very similar systems are used to some extent in some other countries such as Japan (with 7th being si), Indonesia, Australia, Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States and English-speaking Canada.", "Attention (band) __knowledge__ Attention is a rock band from Minneapolis, MN.", "Attention (band) __knowledge__ Featuring former members of The Stereo, Gloria Record, New End Original and Gratitude, Attention is singer/guitarist Jeremy Tappero, drummer David Jarnstrom, guitarist Eric Malmberg and bassist Derek Ritchison.", "Attention (band) __knowledge__ The band released their first album in 2003, with the LP \"Say What You Mean What You Say\" which was released on Suburban Home Records.", "Attention (band) __knowledge__ Attention played live both locally and on many national tours, but was put on hiatus when Jeremy and David took over the guitar and drum duties in Gratitude.", "Attention (band) __knowledge__ After the breakup of Gratitude, Jeremy and David returned to Attention in the later part of 2005 to record a new CD.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ \"Forever Evil\" is a 2013–2014 crossover comic book storyline published by DC Comics that began in September 2013 and ended in May 2014, consisting of an eponymous, central miniseries written by Geoff Johns and art by David Finch.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ It is the first line wide crossover since The New 52 reboot of the DC Universe, and focuses on all the villains of the DC Universe.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ The miniseries spins out of the events in \"Trinity War\".", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ Johns revealed in August 2013, that the Crime Syndicate, an evil version of the Justice League from Earth-3 in the Multiverse, are the true villains of the event and not the previously thought Secret Society.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Stephen McDannell Hillenburg (born August21, 1961) is an American cartoonist, animator, writer, producer, director, and former marine biologist.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He is the creator of the television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" (1999), which he has also directed, produced, and written.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ It has gone on to become one of the longest-running American television series as well as the highest-rated show ever to air on Nickelodeon.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ Born in Lawton, Oklahoma and raised in Anaheim, California, Hillenburg became fascinated with the ocean as a child and also developed an interest in art.", "Stephen Hillenburg __knowledge__ He started his professional career in 1984, instructing marine biology, at the Orange County Marine Institute, where he wrote \"The Intertidal Zone\", an informative comic book about tide-pool animals, which he used to educate his students.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the universe of Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10\" franchise, which includes \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Benjamin Kirby \"Ben\" Tennyson (alias \"Ben 10\") is the main character of the franchise.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He is a 10-year-old boy child from Bellwood who found the Omnitrix during his summer vacation with his Grandfather Max Tennyson and his cousin Gwen Tennyson.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ The Omnitrix attached to his wrist and gives him the powers and abilities to become different aliens.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He uses these powers to defeat evil while trying to escape the alien warlord Vilgax, who chases after him unstoppably in order to retrieve the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "Running out the clock __knowledge__ In sports, running out the clock (also known as running down the clock, stonewalling, killing the clock, chewing the clock, stalling, or eating clock) refers to the practice of a winning team allowing the clock to expire through a series of pre-selected plays, either to preserve a lead or hasten the end of a one-sided contest.", "Running out the clock __knowledge__ Generally, it is the opposite strategy of running up the score.", "Running out the clock __knowledge__ Most leagues take steps to prevent teams from doing this, with the most common measure being a time limit for completing a play, such as a play clock or shot clock.", "Running out the clock __knowledge__ In American football, each quarter of a game is measured with a 15-minute game clock, or 12 minute clock in many high school football codes and the German Football League.", "NFL on CBS __knowledge__ The NFL on CBS is the branding used for broadcasts of National Football League (NFL) games that are produced by CBS Sports, the sports division of the CBS television network in the United States.", "NFL on CBS __knowledge__ The network has aired NFL game telecasts since 1956 (with exception of a break from 1994 to 1997).", "NFL on CBS __knowledge__ Since 2014, CBS has also broadcast \"Thursday Night Football\" games during the first half of the NFL season, through a production partnership with NFL Network.", "NFL on CBS __knowledge__ In August 1956, the DuMont Television Network, the NFL's primary television partner, ended network operations after years of decline.", "NFL on CBS __knowledge__ DuMont had already sold the rights to the NFL Championship to NBC in 1955, and when DuMont ended its regular season coverage, CBS acquired the rights.", "1972 Olympic Men's Basketball Final __knowledge__ The 1972 Olympic men's basketball final was one of the most controversial events in Olympic history and was the first ever loss for Team USA since the sport began Olympic play in 1936.", "1972 Olympic Men's Basketball Final __knowledge__ The United States team won the previous seven gold medals and was favored to win another in Munich at the 1972 Summer Olympics.", "1972 Olympic Men's Basketball Final __knowledge__ The team convincingly won its first eight games of the tournament putting its overall Olympic record at 63–0 and setting up a final against the Soviet Union.", "1972 Olympic Men's Basketball Final __knowledge__ The first Olympic basketball tournament was organized at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin on outdoor tennis courts.", "1972 Olympic Men's Basketball Final __knowledge__ Dr. Naismith presented the medals to the top three teams.", "Mercy rule __knowledge__ A mercy rule, slaughter rule, knockout rule, or skunk rule ends a two-competitor sports competition earlier than the scheduled endpoint if one competitor has a very large and presumably insurmountable scoring lead over the other.", "Mercy rule __knowledge__ It is called the \"mercy\" rule because it spares further humiliation for the loser.", "Mercy rule __knowledge__ It is common in youth sports in North America, where running up the score is considered unsporting.", "Mercy rule __knowledge__ It is especially common in baseball and softball in which there is no game clock and a dominant team could in theory continue an inning.", "Mercy rule __knowledge__ The rules vary widely, depending on the level of competition, but nearly all youth sports leagues and High school sports associations and many college sports associations in the United States have mercy rules for sports including baseball, softball, American football and association football.", "Quarterback kneel __knowledge__ In American football, a quarterback kneel, also called taking a knee, genuflect offense, or victory formation occurs when the quarterback immediately kneels to the ground, ending the play on contact, after receiving the snap.", "Quarterback kneel __knowledge__ It is primarily used to run the clock down, either at the end of the first half or the game itself, in order to preserve a lead or a win.", "Quarterback kneel __knowledge__ Although it generally results in a loss of a yard and uses up a down, it minimizes the risk of a fumble, which would give the other team a chance at recovering the ball.", "Quarterback kneel __knowledge__ Especially when the outcome of the game has been well decided, defenses will often give little resistance to the play as a matter of sportsmanship as well as to reduce injury risk on what is a relatively simple play.", "American football rules __knowledge__ Game play in American football consists of a series of \"downs\", individual plays of short duration, outside of which the ball is \"dead\" or not in play.", "American football rules __knowledge__ These can be plays from scrimmage – passes, runs, punts, or field goal attempts (from either a place kick or a drop kick) – or free kicks such as kickoffs and fair catch kicks.", "American football rules __knowledge__ Substitutions can be made between downs, which allows for a great deal of specialization as coaches choose the players best suited for each particular situation.", "American football rules __knowledge__ During a play, each team should have no more than 11 players on the field, and each of them has specific tasks assigned for that specific play.", "Official (American football) __knowledge__ In American football, an official is a person who has responsibility in enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game.", "Official (American football) __knowledge__ During professional and most college football games, seven officials operate on the field.", "Official (American football) __knowledge__ Beginning in 2015, Division I college football conferences are using eight game officials.", "Official (American football) __knowledge__ College games outside the Division I level use six or seven officials.", "Official (American football) __knowledge__ Arena football, high school football, and other levels of football have other officiating systems.", "Official (American football) __knowledge__ High school football played under the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) rules typically use five officials for varsity and 3, 4, or 5 for non-varsity games." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Do you know that Baseball is a bat and ball game played by two teams?", "I don't really have any famous player, but I know it is a game of nine players each, who takes turn batting", "Do you know that baseball has no game clock?", "I do not really know, just that One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, " ]

[ "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball" ]

[ "Common cold", "Yeah i can imagine. The cold is a nasty thing. Are you sick now?", "That's unfortunate. Especially since its' the summer. That's strange. Get some nyquil maybe?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "Nasty woman __knowledge__ \"Such a nasty woman\" was a phrase used by 2016 American presidential candidate Donald Trump referring to opponent Hillary Clinton during the third presidential debate.", "Nasty woman __knowledge__ The phrase made worldwide news and became a viral call for some women voters and has also launched a feminist movement by the same name.", "Nasty woman __knowledge__ The phrase influenced memes, popular culture, books and magazines, art exhibits, theater and concert productions, and came to be known as a women's rights rallying cry by some in the media.", "Nasty woman __knowledge__ On October 19, 2016, during the final presidential debate, Hillary Clinton explained her hopes to improve the Social Security program by increasing taxes on the wealthy, commenting that her own Social Security contributions would accordingly go up along with those of her opponent, Donald Trump's, \"assuming he can't figure out how to get out of it\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters is a 2013 dark fantasy action horror comedy film written and directed by Tommy Wirkola.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ It is a continuation to the German folklore fairy tale \"Hansel and Gretel\", in which the titular siblings are now grown up and working as a duo of witch exterminators for hire.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ The film stars Jeremy Renner, Gemma Arterton, Famke Janssen, Peter Stormare, Thomas Mann, Pihla Viitala and Derek Mears.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Originally scheduled for release in March 2012, \"Hansel & Gretel\" was delayed for ten months to accommodate Renner's appearances in \"The Avengers\" and \"The Bourne Legacy\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene.", "Nasty Gal __knowledge__ Nasty Gal is an American retailer that specializes in fashion for young women.", "Nasty Gal __knowledge__ The company has more than 550,000 customers in over 60 countries.", "Nasty Gal __knowledge__ Founded by Sophia Amoruso in 2006, Nasty Gal was named “Fastest Growing Retailer” in 2012 by INC Magazine.", "Nasty Gal __knowledge__ Nasty Gal is based in Los Angeles.", "Nasty Gal __knowledge__ Amoruso originally began selling vintage clothes from her eBay account, and later switched to sell its own label of clothes, on her own website.", "Nasty Gal __knowledge__ In 2017, the company was purchased by the BooHoo Group out of Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.", "Nasty Gal __knowledge__ In 2006, while working as a campus safety host at Academy of Art University, Sophia Amoruso launched an ebay store based in San Francisco, selling old pieces of clothing.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections (URI or URTI) are illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract including the nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Most infections are viral in nature and in other instances the cause is bacterial.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections can also be fungal or helminth in origin, but these are far less common.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ In 2015, 17.2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections occurred.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ As of 2014, upper respiratory infections caused about 3,000 deaths down from 4,000 in 1990.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ In humans, the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy of the respiratory system involved with the process of respiration.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ Air is breathed in through the nose or the mouth.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ In the nasal cavity, a layer of mucous membrane acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ Next, air moves into the pharynx, a passage that contains the intersection between the esophagus and the larynx.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ The opening of the larynx has a special flap of cartilage, the epiglottis, that opens to allow air to pass through but closes to prevent food from moving into the airway.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ From the larynx, air moves into the trachea and down to the intersection that branches to form the right and left primary (main) bronchi.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ Respiratory diseases range from mild and self-limiting, such as the common cold, to life-threatening entities like bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, acute asthma and lung cancer.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ The study of respiratory disease is known as pulmonology.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ A doctor who specializes in respiratory disease is known as a pulmonologist, a chest medicine specialist, a respiratory medicine specialist, a respirologist or a thoracic medicine specialist.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Respiratory tract infection (RTI) refers to any of a number of infectious diseases involving the respiratory tract.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ An infection of this type is normally further classified as an upper respiratory tract infection (URI or URTI) or a lower respiratory tract infection (LRI or LRTI).", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, tend to be far more serious conditions than upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Although some disagreement exists on the exact boundary between the upper and lower respiratory tracts, the upper respiratory tract is generally considered to be the airway above the glottis or vocal cords.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT or SNOMED Clinical Terms is a systematically organized computer processable collection of medical terms providing codes, terms, synonyms and definitions used in clinical documentation and reporting.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT is considered to be the most comprehensive, multilingual clinical healthcare terminology in the world.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ The primary purpose of SNOMED CT is to encode the meanings that are used in health information and to support the effective clinical recording of data with the aim of improving patient care.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT provides the core general terminology for electronic health records.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT comprehensive coverage includes: clinical findings, symptoms, diagnoses, procedures, body structures, organisms and other etiologies, substances, pharmaceuticals, devices and specimens.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ Chronic Mycoplasma pneumonia and Chlamydia pneumonia infections are associated with the onset and exacerbation of asthma.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ These microbial infections result in chronic lower airway inflammation, impaired mucociliary clearance, an increase in mucous production and eventually asthma.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ Furthermore, children who experience severe viral respiratory infections early in life have a high possibility of having asthma later in their childhood.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ These viral respiratory infections are mostly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV).", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ Although RSV infections increase the risk of asthma in early childhood, the association between asthma and RSV decreases with increasing age." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "NyQuil __knowledge__ Vicks NyQuil is a brand of over-the-counter medication manufactured by Procter & Gamble intended for the relief of various symptoms of the common cold.", "NyQuil __knowledge__ All medications within the NyQuil imprint contain sedating antihistamines, hypnotics, and/or alcohol, and are intended to be taken before sleep.", "NyQuil __knowledge__ Its daytime counterpart is antihistamine free DayQuil, formulated to avoid drowsiness.", "NyQuil __knowledge__ NyQuil is also used as a sleep aid.", "NyQuil __knowledge__ NyQuil was first marketed in the United States in 1966.", "NyQuil __knowledge__ The liquid version of NyQuil Cold/Flu Multi-symptom Relief, available in syrup and LiquidCap form.", "NyQuil __knowledge__ The recommended adult dose contains: The LiquiCap capsule version has the following active ingredients per pill, half the recommended adult dose: The liquid version of NyQuil SEVERE Cold/Flu Multi-symptom Relief, available in syrup and LiquidCap form.", "Homer Simpson in: &quot;Kidney Trouble&quot; __knowledge__ \"Homer Simpson in: \"Kidney Trouble\"\" is the eighth episode of \"The Simpsons\" tenth season.", "Homer Simpson in: &quot;Kidney Trouble&quot; __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 6, 1998.", "Homer Simpson in: &quot;Kidney Trouble&quot; __knowledge__ In the episode Grampa's kidneys explode, leaving him in urgent need of a donor.", "Homer Simpson in: &quot;Kidney Trouble&quot; __knowledge__ His son Homer initially agrees to donate one of his kidneys, but after hearing of side effects of only having one kidney, he begins to have second thoughts about the operation.", "Homer Simpson in: &quot;Kidney Trouble&quot; __knowledge__ \"Homer Simpson in: \"Kidney Trouble\"\" was directed by Mike B. Anderson and written by John Swartzwelder, although the episode's premise was pitched by former staff writer George Meyer.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Doctor Strange (2016 film) __knowledge__ Doctor Strange is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.", "Doctor Strange (2016 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourteenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).", "Doctor Strange (2016 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Scott Derrickson, who wrote it with Jon Spaihts and C. Robert Cargill, and stars Benedict Cumberbatch as Stephen Strange, along with Chiwetel Ejiofor, Rachel McAdams, Benedict Wong, Michael Stuhlbarg, Benjamin Bratt, Scott Adkins, Mads Mikkelsen, and Tilda Swinton.", "Doctor Strange (2016 film) __knowledge__ In \"Doctor Strange\", surgeon Strange learns the mystic arts after a career-ending car accident.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "Call Me Maybe __knowledge__ \"Call Me Maybe\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer-songwriter Carly Rae Jepsen for her EP \"Curiosity\" (2012) which also appears on her international debut studio album, \"Kiss\" (2012).", "Call Me Maybe __knowledge__ The song was written by Jepsen and Tavish Crowe as a folk song, but its genre was modified to pop following the production by Josh Ramsay.", "Call Me Maybe __knowledge__ It was released as the lead single from the EP on September 20, 2011, through 604 Records.", "Call Me Maybe __knowledge__ Jepsen was signed to Schoolboy Records, releasing her single in the United States through the label, as the first single from \"Kiss\".", "Call Me Maybe __knowledge__ Musically, \"Call Me Maybe\" is a pop and teen pop track that alludes to the inconvenience that a love at first sight brings to a girl who hopes for a call back from a new crush.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Sinusitis, also known as a sinus infection or rhinosinusitis, is inflammation of the sinuses resulting in symptoms.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Common symptoms include thick nasal mucus, a plugged nose, and pain in the face.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Other signs and symptoms may include fever, headaches, poor sense of smell, sore throat, and cough.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ The cough is often worse at night.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Serious complications are rare.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ It is defined as acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) if it lasts less than 4 weeks, and as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) if it lasts for more than 12 weeks.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Sinusitis can be caused by infection, allergies, air pollution, or structural problems in the nose.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ A lymph node or lymph gland is an ovoid or kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and of the adaptive immune system, that is widely present throughout the body.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ They are linked by the lymphatic vessels as a part of the circulatory system.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ Lymph nodes are major sites of B and T lymphocytes, and other white blood cells.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ Lymph nodes are important for the proper functioning of the immune system, acting as filters for foreign particles and cancer cells.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ Lymph nodes do not have a detoxification function, which is primarily dealt with by the liver and kidneys.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ In the lymphatic system the lymph node is a secondary lymphoid organ.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ Sir Victor Ewings Negus, MS, FRCS (6 February 1887 – 15 July 1974) was a British surgeon who specialised in laryngology and also made fundamental contributions to comparative anatomy with his work on the structure and evolution of the larynx.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ He was born and educated in London, studying at King's College School, then King's College London, followed by King's College Hospital.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ The final years of his medical training were interrupted by the First World War, during which he served with the Royal Army Medical Corps.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ After the war, he qualified as a surgeon and studied with laryngologists in France and the USA before resuming his career at King's College Hospital where he became a junior surgeon in 1924.", "Really Bad Chess __knowledge__ Really Bad Chess (stylized as really bad chess) is a mobile video game developed by Zach Gage.", "Really Bad Chess __knowledge__ It was released on October 13, 2016 for iOS, with a version for Android released in May 2017.", "Really Bad Chess __knowledge__ The game is based on the original game of chess but contains rearranged boards.", "Really Bad Chess __knowledge__ \"Really Bad Chess\" is played using a normal chess board, but with each player given one king and 15 other pieces selected at random based on the player's skill level.", "Really Bad Chess __knowledge__ The pieces, moves, and goal are identical to the original game.", "Really Bad Chess __knowledge__ Because of the rearranged pieces, players cannot use typical chess opening moves.", "Really Bad Chess __knowledge__ Unlike in standard chess, in \"Really Bad Chess\" a stalemated player is considered to have lost the game.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ The maxillary sinuses are located under the eyes; the frontal sinuses are above the eyes; the ethmoidal sinuses are between the eyes and the sphenoidal sinuses are behind the eyes.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ The sinuses are named for the facial bones in which they are located.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ Humans possess four paired paranasal sinuses, divided into subgroups that are named according to the bones within which the sinuses lie: The paranasal air sinuses are lined with respiratory epithelium (ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium).", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ Paranasal sinuses form developmentally through excavation of bone by air-filled sacs (pneumatic diverticula) from the nasal cavity.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Head and neck cancer is a group of cancers that starts within the mouth, nose, throat, larynx, sinuses, or salivary glands.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Symptoms may include a lump or sore that does not heal, a sore throat that does not go away, trouble swallowing, or a change in the voice.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ There may also be unusual bleeding, facial swelling, or trouble breathing.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ About 75% of head and neck cancer is due to the use of alcohol or tobacco.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Other risk factors include betel quid, certain types of human papillomavirus, radiation exposure, certain workplace exposures, and Epstein-Barr virus.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Head and neck cancers are most commonly of the squamous cell carcinoma type." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 13 ]

[ "I don't like the common cold, especially when its in my upper respiratory tract.", "Yes, my throat, sinuses are really bad right now.", "Yes, they are my favorite Procter and Gamble medication." ]

[ "Common cold", "Common cold", "Common cold" ]

[ "Vitamin C", "I do take vitamins, and vitamin C is included with what I take.", "Yes most definitely! I am also able to fight off germs better. Do you take your vitamins?", "Oh, well as long as you get the intake of them some how. Food and drinks can give amazing vitamin intake.... which always will taste better than a pill. My immune system is horrid, so I do a bit extra." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The disease scurvy is prevented and treated with vitamin C-containing foods or dietary supplements.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ There is, however, some evidence that regular use may shorten the length of colds.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is unclear if supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or dementia.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It may be taken by mouth or by injection.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is generally well tolerated.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Large doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble sleeping, and flushing of the skin.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Normal doses are safe during pregnancy.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The United States Institute of Medicine recommends against taking large doses.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is required for the functioning of several enzymes and is important for immune system function.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It also functions as an antioxidant.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Foods containing vitamin C include citrus fruits, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, raw bell peppers, and strawberries.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Prolonged storage or cooking may reduce vitamin C content in foods." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The disease scurvy is prevented and treated with vitamin C-containing foods or dietary supplements.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ There is, however, some evidence that regular use may shorten the length of colds.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is unclear if supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or dementia.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It may be taken by mouth or by injection.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is generally well tolerated.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Large doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble sleeping, and flushing of the skin.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Normal doses are safe during pregnancy.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The United States Institute of Medicine recommends against taking large doses.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is required for the functioning of several enzymes and is important for immune system function.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It also functions as an antioxidant.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Foods containing vitamin C include citrus fruits, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, raw bell peppers, and strawberries.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Prolonged storage or cooking may reduce vitamin C content in foods.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ A vitamin is an organic compound and an essential nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained through the diet; thus, the term \"vitamin\" is conditional upon the circumstances and the particular organism.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ For example, ascorbic acid (one form of vitamin C) is a vitamin for humans, but not for most other animals.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ Vitamin D is essential only for people who do not have adequate skin exposure to sunlight, as ultraviolet light promotes synthesis in skin cells.", "Orthomolecular medicine __knowledge__ Orthomolecular medicine, a form of alternative medicine, aims to maintain human health through nutritional supplementation.", "Orthomolecular medicine __knowledge__ The concept builds on the idea of an optimum nutritional environment in the body and suggests that diseases reflect deficiencies in this environment.", "Orthomolecular medicine __knowledge__ Treatment for disease, according to this view, involves attempts to correct \"imbalances or deficiencies based on individual biochemistry\" by use of substances such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, trace elements and fatty acids.", "Orthomolecular medicine __knowledge__ The notions behind orthomolecular medicine are not supported by sound medical evidence and the therapy is not effective; even the validity of calling the orthomolecular approach a form of medicine has been questioned since the 1970s.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C. Early symptoms include weakness, feeling tired, and sore arms and legs.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ Without treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding from the skin may occur.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ As scurvy worsens there can be poor wound healing, personality changes, and finally death from infection or bleeding.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ Typically, scurvy is caused by a lack of vitamin C in the diet.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ It takes at least a month of little to no vitamin C before symptoms occur.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ In modern times, it occurs most commonly in people with mental disorders, unusual eating habits, alcoholism, and old people who live alone.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Vitamin C megadosage __knowledge__ Vitamin C megadosage is a term describing the consumption or injection of vitamin C (ascorbate) in doses comparable to the amounts produced by the livers of most other mammals.", "Vitamin C megadosage __knowledge__ Such dosages correspond to amounts well beyond the current Recommended Dietary Allowance of 90 mg/day, and often well beyond the Tolerable upper intake level of 2000 mg/day.", "Vitamin C megadosage __knowledge__ Oral dosages are usually divided and consumed in portions over the day.", "Vitamin C megadosage __knowledge__ Injections of hundreds of grams per day are advocated by some physicians for the treatment of certain conditions, poisonings, or recovery from trauma.", "Vitamin C megadosage __knowledge__ People who practice vitamin C megadosage may consume many vitamin C pills throughout each day or dissolve pure vitamin C crystals in water or juice and drink it throughout the day.", "Linus Pauling __knowledge__ Linus Carl Pauling (; February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, and educator.", "Linus Pauling __knowledge__ He published more than 1,200 papers and books, of which about 850 dealt with scientific topics.", "Linus Pauling __knowledge__ \"New Scientist\" called him one of the 20 greatest scientists of all time, and as of 2000, he was rated the 16th most important scientist in history.", "Linus Pauling __knowledge__ Pauling was one of the founders of the fields of quantum chemistry and molecular biology.", "Linus Pauling __knowledge__ His contributions to the theory of the chemical bond include the concept of orbital hybridisation and the first accurate scale of electronegativities of the elements.", "Megavitamin therapy __knowledge__ Megavitamin therapy is the use of large doses of vitamins, often many times greater than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) in the attempt to prevent or treat diseases.", "Megavitamin therapy __knowledge__ Megavitamin therapy is typically used in alternative medicine by practitioners who call their approach orthomolecular medicine, but also used in mainstream medicine for rare genetic conditions that respond to megadoses of vitamins.", "Megavitamin therapy __knowledge__ Nutrients may be useful in preventing and treating some illnesses, but the conclusions of medical research are that the broad claims of disease treatment by advocates of megavitamin therapy are unsubstantiated by the available evidence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The disease scurvy is prevented and treated with vitamin C-containing foods or dietary supplements.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ There is, however, some evidence that regular use may shorten the length of colds.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is unclear if supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or dementia.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It may be taken by mouth or by injection.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is generally well tolerated.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Large doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble sleeping, and flushing of the skin.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Normal doses are safe during pregnancy.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The United States Institute of Medicine recommends against taking large doses.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is required for the functioning of several enzymes and is important for immune system function.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It also functions as an antioxidant.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Foods containing vitamin C include citrus fruits, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, raw bell peppers, and strawberries.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Prolonged storage or cooking may reduce vitamin C content in foods.", "What We Do Is Secret (film) __knowledge__ What We Do Is Secret is a 2007 American biographical film about Darby Crash, singer of the late-1970s Los Angeles punk rock band the Germs.", "What We Do Is Secret (film) __knowledge__ Rodger Grossman directed the film and wrote the screenplay, based on a story he had written with Michelle Baer Ghaffari, a friend of Crash's and co-producer of the film.", "What We Do Is Secret (film) __knowledge__ Shane West stars as Crash, while Rick Gonzalez, Bijou Phillips, and Noah Segan respectively portray Germs members Pat Smear, Lorna Doom, and Don Bolles.", "What We Do Is Secret (film) __knowledge__ The film follows the formation and career of the Germs, focusing on Crash's mysterious \"five-year plan\", his homosexual relationship with Rob Henley (played by Ashton Holmes), and his experimentation with heroin, culminating in his December 1980 suicide.", "Germs (band) __knowledge__ The Germs were an American punk rock band from Los Angeles, California, United States, originally active from 1977 to 1980.", "Germs (band) __knowledge__ The band's main early lineup consisted of singer Darby Crash, guitarist Pat Smear, bassist Lorna Doom and drummer Don Bolles.", "Germs (band) __knowledge__ They released only one album, 1979's \"(GI)\", produced by Joan Jett, and were featured the following year in Penelope Spheeris' documentary film \"The Decline of Western Civilization\", which chronicled the Los Angeles punk movement.", "Germs (band) __knowledge__ The Germs disbanded following Crash's suicide on December 7, 1980.", "Germs (band) __knowledge__ Their music was influential to many later punk rock acts.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ A vitamin is an organic compound and an essential nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained through the diet; thus, the term \"vitamin\" is conditional upon the circumstances and the particular organism.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ For example, ascorbic acid (one form of vitamin C) is a vitamin for humans, but not for most other animals.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ Vitamin D is essential only for people who do not have adequate skin exposure to sunlight, as ultraviolet light promotes synthesis in skin cells.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Elmer McCollum __knowledge__ Elmer Verner McCollum (March 3, 1879 – November 15, 1967) was an American biochemist known for his work on the influence of diet on health.", "Elmer McCollum __knowledge__ McCollum is also remembered for starting the first rat colony in the United States to be used for nutrition research.", "Elmer McCollum __knowledge__ His reputation has suffered from posthumous controversy.", "Elmer McCollum __knowledge__ \"Time\" magazine called him Dr.Vitamin.", "Elmer McCollum __knowledge__ His rule was, \"Eat what you want after you have eaten what you should.\"", "Elmer McCollum __knowledge__ Living at a time when vitamins were unknown, he asked and tried to answer the questions, \"How many dietary essentials are there, and what are they?\"", "Elmer McCollum __knowledge__ He and Marguerite Davis discovered the first vitamin, namedA, in 1913.", "Darby Crash __knowledge__ Darby Crash (formerly Bobby Pyn; born Jan Paul Beahm; September 26, 1958 – December 7, 1980) was an American punk rock vocalist and songwriter who, along with long-time friend Pat Smear (born Georg Ruthenberg), co-founded the punk rock band the Germs.", "Darby Crash __knowledge__ He committed suicide by way of an intentional heroin overdose.", "Darby Crash __knowledge__ In the years since his suicide at the age of 22, the Germs have attained legendary status among punk rock fans and musicians alike, as well as from the wider alternative rock and underground music community in general.", "Darby Crash __knowledge__ Crash has come to be revered as a unique and talented songwriter; his myriad literary, musical and philosophical influences, which varied from Friedrich Nietzsche and David Bowie to Charles Manson and Adolf Hitler, resulted in lyrics that were unusually wordy and impressionistic in the realm of punk rock at the time, immediately setting Crash and his band apart from most other Los Angeles punk groups that sprang up in the late 1970s.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C. Early symptoms include weakness, feeling tired, and sore arms and legs.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ Without treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding from the skin may occur.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ As scurvy worsens there can be poor wound healing, personality changes, and finally death from infection or bleeding.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ Typically, scurvy is caused by a lack of vitamin C in the diet.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ It takes at least a month of little to no vitamin C before symptoms occur.", "Scurvy __knowledge__ In modern times, it occurs most commonly in people with mental disorders, unusual eating habits, alcoholism, and old people who live alone.", "Ascorbic acid (molecular aspects) __knowledge__ Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties.", "Ascorbic acid (molecular aspects) __knowledge__ It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish.", "Ascorbic acid (molecular aspects) __knowledge__ It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions.", "Ascorbic acid (molecular aspects) __knowledge__ Ascorbic acid is one form (\"vitamer\") of vitamin C. It was originally called -hexuronic acid, but, when it was found to have vitamin C activity in animals (\"vitamin C\" being defined as a vitamin activity, not then a specific substance), the suggestion was made to rename it.", "Ascorbic acid (molecular aspects) __knowledge__ The new name, ascorbic acid, is derived from \"a-\" (meaning \"no\") and \"scorbutus\" (scurvy), the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. Because it is derived from glucose, many animals are able to produce it, but humans require it as part of their nutrition.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail is a historic east–west, large-wheeled wagon route and emigrant trail in the United States that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The eastern part of the Oregon Trail spanned part of the future state of Kansas, and nearly all of what are now the states of Nebraska and Wyoming.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The western half of the trail spanned most of the future states of Idaho and Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail was laid by fur traders and traders from about 1811 to 1840, and was only passable on foot or by horseback.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ By 1836, when the first migrant wagon train was organized in Independence, Missouri, a wagon trail had been cleared to Fort Hall, Idaho." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The disease scurvy is prevented and treated with vitamin C-containing foods or dietary supplements.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ There is, however, some evidence that regular use may shorten the length of colds.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is unclear if supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or dementia.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It may be taken by mouth or by injection.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is generally well tolerated.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Large doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble sleeping, and flushing of the skin.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Normal doses are safe during pregnancy.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The United States Institute of Medicine recommends against taking large doses.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is required for the functioning of several enzymes and is important for immune system function.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It also functions as an antioxidant.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Foods containing vitamin C include citrus fruits, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, raw bell peppers, and strawberries.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Prolonged storage or cooking may reduce vitamin C content in foods.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and multiple other biological effects.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D (also known as cholecalciferol) and vitamin D (ergocalciferol).", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol can be ingested from the diet and from supplements.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Only a few foods contain vitamin D. The major natural source of the vitamin is synthesis of cholecalciferol in the skin from cholesterol through a chemical reaction that is dependent on sun exposure (specifically UVB radiation).", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Immune system __knowledge__ The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "Immune system __knowledge__ To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In humans, the blood–brain barrier, blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid–brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system, which protects the brain.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Nutritional neuroscience is the scientific discipline that studies the effects various components of the diet such as minerals, vitamins, protein, carbohydrates, fats, dietary supplements, synthetic hormones, and food additives have on neurochemistry, neurobiology, behavior, and cognition.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Recent research on nutritional mechanisms and their effect on the brain show they are involved in almost every facet of neurological functioning including alterations in neurogenesis, neurotrophic factors, neural pathways and neuroplasticity, throughout the life cycle.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Relatively speaking, the brain consumes an immense amount of energy in comparison to the rest of the body.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ A vitamin is an organic compound and an essential nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained through the diet; thus, the term \"vitamin\" is conditional upon the circumstances and the particular organism.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ For example, ascorbic acid (one form of vitamin C) is a vitamin for humans, but not for most other animals.", "Vitamin __knowledge__ Vitamin D is essential only for people who do not have adequate skin exposure to sunlight, as ultraviolet light promotes synthesis in skin cells.", "Gut flora __knowledge__ Gut flora, gut microbiota or gastrointestinal microbiota is the complex community of microorganisms that live in the digestive tracts of humans and other animals, including insects.", "Gut flora __knowledge__ The gut metagenome is the aggregate of all the genomes of gut microbiota.", "Gut flora __knowledge__ The gut is one niche that human microbiota inhabit.", "Gut flora __knowledge__ In humans, the gut microbiota has the largest numbers of bacteria and the greatest number of species compared to other areas of the body.", "Gut flora __knowledge__ In humans the gut flora is established at one to two years after birth, and by that time the intestinal epithelium and the intestinal mucosal barrier that it secretes have co-developed in a way that is tolerant to, and even supportive of, the gut flora and that also provides a barrier to pathogenic organisms.", "Dog health __knowledge__ The health of dogs is a well studied area in veterinary medicine.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Infectious diseases that affect dogs are important not only from a veterinary standpoint, but also because of the risk to public health; an example of this is rabies.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Genetic disorders also affect dogs, often due to selective breeding to produce individual dog breeds.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Due to the popularity of both commercial and homemade dog foods, nutrition is also a heavily studied subject.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Some diseases and other health problems are common to both humans and dogs; others are unique to dogs and other animals.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Dogs are susceptible to various diseases; similarly to humans, they can have diabetes, epilepsy, cancer, or arthritis." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 14, 14 ]

[ "Do you take your vitamins, more specifically Vitamin C?", "That's good to hear, you'll help prevent yourself from getting scurvy!", "Nah, not really. I don't take my vitamins even though I should, even if I have a strong immune system. I do eat and drink stuff with vitamins in them.", "Yeah, that's true. Like orange juice, broccoli, and peppers have a lot of vitamin c and they taste good!" ]

[ "Vitamin C", "Vitamin C", "Vitamin C", "Vitamin C" ]

[ "Fiscal conservatism", "I am sure that it's the rich people saying it. What do you think about the rich paying lower taxes?", "I think it would be bad too. Driving our country further into debt. What do you think about the minimum wage?", "What about making it something like 15 dollars an hour though? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism (also economic conservatism or conservative economics) is a political-economic philosophy regarding fiscal policy and fiscal responsibility advocating low taxes, reduced government spending and minimal government debt.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Free trade, deregulation of the economy, lower taxes, and privatization are the defining qualities of fiscal conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism follows the same philosophical outlook of classical liberalism and economic liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ The term has its origins in era of the New Deal during the 1930s as a result of the policies of the initiated by reform or modern liberals, when many classical liberals started calling themselves conservatives as they did not wish to be identified with what was passing for liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ In the United States the term liberalism has become associated with the welfare state and expanded regulatory policies created as a result of the New Deal and its offshoots from the 1930s onwards.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatives form one of the three legs of the traditional conservative movement in the United States, together with social conservatism and national defense conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Many Americans who are classical liberals also tend to identify as libertarian, holding more socially liberal views and advocating a non-interventionist foreign policy while supporting lower taxes and less government spending." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism (also economic conservatism or conservative economics) is a political-economic philosophy regarding fiscal policy and fiscal responsibility advocating low taxes, reduced government spending and minimal government debt.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Free trade, deregulation of the economy, lower taxes, and privatization are the defining qualities of fiscal conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism follows the same philosophical outlook of classical liberalism and economic liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ The term has its origins in era of the New Deal during the 1930s as a result of the policies of the initiated by reform or modern liberals, when many classical liberals started calling themselves conservatives as they did not wish to be identified with what was passing for liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ In the United States the term liberalism has become associated with the welfare state and expanded regulatory policies created as a result of the New Deal and its offshoots from the 1930s onwards.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatives form one of the three legs of the traditional conservative movement in the United States, together with social conservatism and national defense conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Many Americans who are classical liberals also tend to identify as libertarian, holding more socially liberal views and advocating a non-interventionist foreign policy while supporting lower taxes and less government spending.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Tax resistance has probably existed ever since rulers began imposing taxes on their subjects.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ It has been suggested that tax resistance played a significant role in the collapse of several empires, including the Egyptian, Roman, Spanish, and Aztec.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Many rebellions and revolutions have been prompted by resentment of taxation or had tax refusal as a component.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Examples of historic events that originated as tax revolts include the Magna Carta, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ This page is a partial list of global tax revolts and tax resistance actions that have come to the attention of Wikipedia's editors.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump's signature economic policy proposals, sometimes referred to as MAGAnomics or Trumponomics, include trade protectionism, immigration reduction, individual and corporate tax reform, the dismantling of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\").", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Bills to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\") did not pass Congress in mid-2017.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ However, Trump's tax reform plan was signed into law in December 2017, which included substantial tax cuts for higher income taxpayers and corporations as well as repeal of a key Obamacare element, the individual mandate.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality is the difference found in various measures of economic well-being among individuals in a group, among groups in a population, or among countries.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality sometimes refers to income inequality, wealth inequality, or the wealth gap.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economists generally focus on economic disparity in three metrics: wealth, income, and consumption.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ The issue of economic inequality is relevant to notions of equity, equality of outcome, and equality of opportunity.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality varies between societies, historical periods, economic structures and systems.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ The term can refer to cross-sectional distribution of income or wealth at any particular period, or to changes of income and wealth over longer periods of time.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was an adopted initiative constitutional amendment in the state of California on the November 5, 1996 statewide election ballot.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 revolutionized local and regional government finance in California.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Called the “Right to Vote on Taxes Act,” Proposition 218 was sponsored by the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association as a constitutional follow-up to the landmark property tax revolt initiative constitutional amendment, Proposition 13, approved by California voters on June 6, 1978.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was drafted by constitutional attorneys Jonathan Coupal and Jack Cohen.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 amended the California Constitution by adding Article XIII C and Article XIII D. Article XIII C relates to voter approval requirements for local government taxes.", "Corruption in India __knowledge__ Corruption is an issue that adversely affects the country’s economy of central, state and local government agencies.", "Corruption in India __knowledge__ Not only has it held the economy back from reaching new heights, but rampant corruption has stunted India’s development.", "Corruption in India __knowledge__ A study conducted by Transparency International in 2005 recorded that more than 92% of Indians had at some point or another paid a bribe to a public official to get a job done.", "Corruption in India __knowledge__ In a study conducted in 2008, Transparency International reported that about 50% of Indians had first hand experience of paying bribes or using contacts to get services performed by public offices.", "Capital gains tax __knowledge__ A capital gains tax (CGT) is a tax on capital gains, the profit realized on the sale of a non-inventory asset that was greater than the amount realized on the sale.", "Capital gains tax __knowledge__ The most common capital gains are realized from the sale of stocks, bonds, precious metals and property.", "Capital gains tax __knowledge__ Not all countries implement a capital gains tax and most have different rates of taxation for individuals and corporations.", "Capital gains tax __knowledge__ For equities, an example of a popular and liquid asset, national and state legislation often has a large array of fiscal obligations that must be respected regarding capital gains.", "Capital gains tax __knowledge__ Taxes are charged by the state over the transactions, dividends and capital gains on the stock market.", "Tax __knowledge__ A tax (from the Latin \"taxo\") is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.", "Tax __knowledge__ A failure to pay, or evasion of or resistance to taxation, is punishable by law.", "Tax __knowledge__ Taxes consist of direct or indirect taxes and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent.", "Tax __knowledge__ Most countries have a tax system in place to pay for public/common/agreed national needs and government functions: some levy a flat percentage rate of taxation on personal annual income, some on a scale based on annual income amounts, and some countries impose almost no taxation at all, or a very low tax rate for a certain area of taxation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism (also economic conservatism or conservative economics) is a political-economic philosophy regarding fiscal policy and fiscal responsibility advocating low taxes, reduced government spending and minimal government debt.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Free trade, deregulation of the economy, lower taxes, and privatization are the defining qualities of fiscal conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism follows the same philosophical outlook of classical liberalism and economic liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ The term has its origins in era of the New Deal during the 1930s as a result of the policies of the initiated by reform or modern liberals, when many classical liberals started calling themselves conservatives as they did not wish to be identified with what was passing for liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ In the United States the term liberalism has become associated with the welfare state and expanded regulatory policies created as a result of the New Deal and its offshoots from the 1930s onwards.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatives form one of the three legs of the traditional conservative movement in the United States, together with social conservatism and national defense conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Many Americans who are classical liberals also tend to identify as libertarian, holding more socially liberal views and advocating a non-interventionist foreign policy while supporting lower taxes and less government spending.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their workers.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Equivalently, it is the price floor below which workers may not sell their labor.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Supporters of the minimum wage say it increases the standard of living of workers, reduces poverty, reduces inequality, and boosts morale.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ In contrast, opponents of the minimum wage say it increases poverty, increases unemployment (particularly among unskilled or inexperienced workers) and is damaging to businesses, because excessively high minimum wages require businesses to raise the prices of their product or service to accommodate the extra expense of paying a higher wage.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ The minimum wage in the United States is set by US labor law and a range of state and local laws.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ Employers generally have to pay workers the highest minimum wage prescribed by federal, state, and local law.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ Since July 24, 2009, the federal government has mandated a nationwide minimum wage of $7.25 per hour.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ As of January 2018, there were 29 states with a minimum wage higher than the federal minimum.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ From 2017 to 2018, eight states increased their minimum wage levels through automatic adjustments, while increases in eleven other states occurred through referendum or legislative action.", "Minimum wage in the United States __knowledge__ Washington has the highest state minimum wage at $11.50 per hour.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Minimum wage law is the body of law which prohibits employers from hiring employees or workers for less than a given hourly, daily or monthly minimum wage.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ More than 90% of all countries have some kind of minimum wage legislation.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Until recently, minimum wage laws were usually very tightly focused.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ In the U.S. and Great Britain, for example, they applied only to women and children.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Only after the Great Depression did many industrialized economies extend them to the general work force.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ Even then, the laws were often specific to certain industries.", "Minimum wage law __knowledge__ In France, for example, they were extensions of existing trade union legislation.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ The Minimum Wages Act 1948 is an Act of Parliament concerning Indian labour law that sets the minimum wages that must be paid to skilled and unskilled labours.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ The Indian Constitution has defined a 'living wage' that is the level of income for a worker which will ensure a basic standard of living including good health, dignity, comfort, education and provide for any contingency.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ However, to keep in mind an industry's capacity to pay the constitution has defined a 'fair wage'.", "Minimum Wages Act 1948 __knowledge__ Fair wage is that level of wage that not just maintains a level of employment, but seeks to increase it keeping in perspective the industry’s capacity to pay.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump's signature economic policy proposals, sometimes referred to as MAGAnomics or Trumponomics, include trade protectionism, immigration reduction, individual and corporate tax reform, the dismantling of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\").", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Bills to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\") did not pass Congress in mid-2017.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ However, Trump's tax reform plan was signed into law in December 2017, which included substantial tax cuts for higher income taxpayers and corporations as well as repeal of a key Obamacare element, the individual mandate.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ Political debates about the United States federal budget discusses some of the more significant U.S. budgetary debates of the 21st century.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ These include the causes of debt increases, the impact of tax cuts, specific events such as the United States fiscal cliff, the effectiveness of stimulus, and the impact of the Great Recession, among others.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ The article explains how to analyze the U.S. budget as well as the competing economic schools of thought that support the budgetary positions of the major parties.", "Political debates about the United States federal budget __knowledge__ Many of the debates about the United States federal budget center on competing macroeconomic schools of thought.", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ Public law no.", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ 115-97, an Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018, is a congressional revenue act originally introduced in Congress as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ It amended the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and was based on tax reform advocated by congressional Republicans and the Trump administration.", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ Major elements include reducing tax rates for businesses and individuals; a personal tax simplification by increasing the standard deduction and family tax credits, but eliminating personal exemptions and making it less beneficial to itemize deductions; limiting deductions for state and local income taxes (SALT) and property taxes; further limiting the mortgage interest deduction; reducing the alternative minimum tax for individuals and eliminating it for corporations; reducing the number of estates impacted by the estate tax; and repealing the individual mandate of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ He chose Mike Pence, the sitting Governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar and those without college degrees.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The first 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency began on January 20, 2017, the day Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The first 100 days of a presidential term took on symbolic significance during Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term in office, and the period is considered a benchmark to measure the early success of a president.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The 100th day of his presidency was April 29, 2017.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ Trump first announced his plan for the first hundred days of his presidency in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on October 23, 2016, before the election.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ One of Trump's major accomplishments, made as part of a \"100-day pledge\", was the confirmation of Neil Gorsuch as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States at noon EST on January 20, 2017, succeeding Barack Obama.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump, the Republican nominee, was a businessman and reality television personality from New York City at the time of his victory in the 2016 presidential election over the Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, to whom he lost the popular vote by 3 million votes while winning the electoral college.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ His running mate, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, took office as the 48th Vice President of the United States on the same day.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump's term in office is set to end on January 20, 2021, though he is eligible for election to a second term and has declared his intention to run, announcing his re-election campaign on the day of his inauguration.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Jeb Bush is a Republican politician in the United States.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Bush was governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for president of the United States in the 2016 election.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ In 2013, statistician Nate Silver \"constructed ideological scores for a set of plausible 2016 Republican candidates based on a combination of three statistical indices.\"", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Bush's ideological score on this scale was similar to that of previous Republican nominees John McCain and Mitt Romney.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ A January 2015 Bloomberg News analysis suggested that Jeb Bush is more conservative than former presidents George W. Bush (Jeb's brother) and George H. W. Bush (Jeb's father)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism (also economic conservatism or conservative economics) is a political-economic philosophy regarding fiscal policy and fiscal responsibility advocating low taxes, reduced government spending and minimal government debt.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Free trade, deregulation of the economy, lower taxes, and privatization are the defining qualities of fiscal conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatism follows the same philosophical outlook of classical liberalism and economic liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ The term has its origins in era of the New Deal during the 1930s as a result of the policies of the initiated by reform or modern liberals, when many classical liberals started calling themselves conservatives as they did not wish to be identified with what was passing for liberalism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ In the United States the term liberalism has become associated with the welfare state and expanded regulatory policies created as a result of the New Deal and its offshoots from the 1930s onwards.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Fiscal conservatives form one of the three legs of the traditional conservative movement in the United States, together with social conservatism and national defense conservatism.", "Fiscal conservatism __knowledge__ Many Americans who are classical liberals also tend to identify as libertarian, holding more socially liberal views and advocating a non-interventionist foreign policy while supporting lower taxes and less government spending.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital () is an 1867 economics book by German philosopher Karl Marx.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In this, the only part of Marx's multi-volume \"\" to be published during his lifetime, Marx critiques capitalism chiefly from the standpoint of its production processes.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ After Marx's death, Friedrich Engels compiled and expanded his friend's notes into volumes \"II\" (1885) and \"III\" (1894).", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In the years since its publication \"Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I\" has come to be considered as a major work of modern economic thought, alongside the likes of Smith's \"The Wealth of Nations\" (1776) and Keynes's \"General Theory\" (1936).", "Rheebu Nuu __knowledge__ Rhéébù Nùù is an environmental organization on the French territory of New Caledonia; the organization's name means \"eye of the land\" in the local Djubea language.", "Rheebu Nuu __knowledge__ The group was set up with Raphael Mapou as Secretary General to watch the activities of the Goro Nickel mining company operating on their customary land in the extreme south of Grande Terre, 60 km south of Nouméa.", "Rheebu Nuu __knowledge__ \"Rhéébù Nùù’s purpose was not to shut down the mining project entirely, but rather to ensure that the Kanak received the greatest economic benefits for the least environmental cost\" (Leah Horowitz, paper in press 2012).", "Rheebu Nuu __knowledge__ From 2001 to 2008 Rhéébù Nùù pressed Goro Nickel to consult with indigenous communities and for environmental norms to be respected.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (, ; 26 October 1919 – 27 July 1980), known as Mohammad Reza Shah (), was the last Shah of Iran from 16 September 1941 until his overthrow by the Iranian Revolution on 11 February 1979.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ Mohammad Reza Shah took the title \"Shahanshah\" (\"King of Kings\") on 26 October 1967.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ He was the second and last monarch of the House of Pahlavi.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi held several other titles, including that of \"Aryamehr\" (\"Light of the Aryans\") and \"Bozorg Arteshtaran\" (\"Commander-in-Chief\").", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ His dream of what he referred to as a \"Great Civilization\" (Persian: تمدن بزرگ translit.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ \"tamadon-e bozorg\") in Iran led to a rapid industrial and military modernization as well as economic and social reforms.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian is a 2007 novel for young adults written by Sherman Alexie and illustrated by Ellen Forney.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ The book won several awards, and was the first young adult fiction work by Alexie, a stand-up comedian, screenwriter, film producer, and songwriter who has previously written adult novels, short stories, poems, and screenplays.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ Alexie stated, \"I [wrote the book] because so many librarians, teachers, and teenagers kept asking me to write one.\"", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ \"The Absolutely True Diary\" is a first-person narrative from the perspective of Native American teenager Arnold Spirit Jr., also known as \"Junior\", a 14-year-old budding cartoonist.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "The Apple (1980 film) __knowledge__ The Apple (also called Star Rock) is a 1980 science fiction musical comedy film written and directed by Menahem Golan.", "The Apple (1980 film) __knowledge__ It stars Catherine Mary Stewart as a young singer named Bibi, who, in a futuristic 1994, signs to an evil label named Boogalow International Music.", "The Apple (1980 film) __knowledge__ It deals with themes of conformity versus rebellion, and makes use of Biblical allegory including the tale of Adam and Eve.", "The Apple (1980 film) __knowledge__ The film was shot in late 1979 in West Berlin.", "The Apple (1980 film) __knowledge__ The film was negatively received by critics and audiences alike, and in some circles, has been considered to be one of the worst films ever made.", "The Apple (1980 film) __knowledge__ In an uncut two-song prologue of the film named \"Paradise Day,\" Mr. Topps (Joss Ackland) creates heaven and carves the first human Alphie out of a rock, sending Alphie to Earth to meet Bibi.", "Massanetta Springs Historic District __knowledge__ The Massanetta Springs Historic District is a retreat in Rockingham County, Virginia, administered by the Presbyterian Synod of Virginia, and chiefly associated with the Massanetta Springs Summer Bible Conference Encampment.", "Massanetta Springs Historic District __knowledge__ The district includes the Hotel (1910), Hudson Auditorium (1922) and Camp Massanetta (1955–56).", "Massanetta Springs Historic District __knowledge__ A Methodist camp existed at the site, originally known as Taylor's Springs, from 1816.", "Massanetta Springs Historic District __knowledge__ The first settler in the area was James Taylor, who built a house there after 1730.", "Massanetta Springs Historic District __knowledge__ About 1816 Jonathan and William Taylor leased the site to the Rockingham Circuit of the Methodist Episcopal Church for use as a camp meeting ground.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ Poverty is a state of deprivation, lacking the usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ The most common measure of poverty in the U.S. is the \"poverty threshold\" set by the U.S. government.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ This measure recognizes poverty as a lack of those goods and services commonly taken for granted by members of mainstream society.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ The official threshold is adjusted for inflation using the consumer price index.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ Most Americans will spend at least one year below the poverty line at some point between ages 25 and 75.", "Poverty in the United States __knowledge__ Poverty rates are persistently higher in rural and inner city parts of the country as compared to suburban areas.", "Camp Massanetta __knowledge__ Massanetta Springs Camp & Conference Center is a Presbyterian Camp and Conference Center in Harrisonburg, Virginia.", "Camp Massanetta __knowledge__ The ministry of Massanetta Springs is divided into three areas.", "Camp Massanetta __knowledge__ Guest services, Conference Ministries, and \"Camp Massanetta.\"", "Camp Massanetta __knowledge__ The camp features archery ranges, hiking trails, four residential camper villages, a pool, lake, picnic pavilion, auditorium/cafeteria, camp office, ropes course, and nurses station.", "Camp Massanetta __knowledge__ The Massanetta Springs Conference Center and Historic Hotel are also located on these .", "Camp Massanetta __knowledge__ Camp Massanetta began in 1956 however the residential camping program was suspended in November 2008 and a new direction sought.", "Living wage __knowledge__ In public policy, a living wage is the minimum income necessary for a worker to meet their basic needs.", "Living wage __knowledge__ This is not necessarily the same as subsistence, which refers to a biological minimum, though the two terms are commonly confused.", "Living wage __knowledge__ Some have defined needs to include shelter, food, and other incidentals such as clothing.", "Living wage __knowledge__ Due to the flexible nature of the term 'needs', there is not one universally accepted measure of what a living wage is and as such it varies by location and household type.", "Living wage __knowledge__ A living wage, in some nations such as the United Kingdom and New Zealand, generally means that a person working 40 hours a week, with no additional income, should be able to afford the basics for a modest but decent life, such as, food, shelter, utilities, transport, health care, and child care.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their workers.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Equivalently, it is the price floor below which workers may not sell their labor.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ Supporters of the minimum wage say it increases the standard of living of workers, reduces poverty, reduces inequality, and boosts morale.", "Minimum wage __knowledge__ In contrast, opponents of the minimum wage say it increases poverty, increases unemployment (particularly among unskilled or inexperienced workers) and is damaging to businesses, because excessively high minimum wages require businesses to raise the prices of their product or service to accommodate the extra expense of paying a higher wage.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes and measures of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment generally falls during periods of economic prosperity and rises during recessions, creating significant pressure on public finances as tax revenue falls and social safety net costs increase.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ It may involve calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins or minerals.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Not enough nutrients is called undernutrition or undernourishment while too much is called overnutrition.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition is often used to specifically refer to undernutrition where an individual is not getting enough calories, protein, or micronutrients.", "Malnutrition __knowledge__ If undernutrition occurs during pregnancy, or before two years of age, it may result in permanent problems with physical and mental development." ] ]

[ 2, 19, 11, 69 ]

[ "I can't believe that some people believe that the rich should pay lower taxes", "As opposed to Donald Trump, who passed a law in 2017 which included substantial tax cuts for the rich, I think it is bad for our country", "I am in support of raising it since it has not been raised in years. It improves the standards of living and reduces poverty, and lowers the number of people on government assistance", "Some people say that it would increase poverty and unemployment, but I am not sure that is true. I do think some cities like New York and San Francisco should have higher wages than somewhere in remote Kansas" ]

[ "Fiscal conservatism", "Fiscal conservatism", "Fiscal conservatism", "Fiscal conservatism" ]

[ "Chicago Loop\nI'm planning a trip to Chicago and was hoping to spend a day in the Chicago Loop! Have you ever been there?", "Oh, so you don't know anything I should see on my trip?", "Well, that's a start! Are there a lot of shops or restaurants in the area?", "What types of businesses call the Chicago Loop home?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is the central business district or downtown of Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ It is one of the city's 77 designated community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to Chicago's commercial core, City Hall, and the seat of Cook County.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ In the late nineteenth century, cable car turnarounds and prominent elevated railway encircled the area, giving the Loop its name.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The community area is bounded on the north and west by the Chicago River, on the east by Lake Michigan, and on the south by Roosevelt Road, although the commercial core has expanded into adjacent community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ As a business center, some of the corporations the Loop hosts include the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the world's largest options and futures contracts open interest exchange; the headquarters of United Continental Holdings, one of the world's largest airlines; AON; Blue Cross Blue Shield; Hyatt Hotels Corporation; BorgWarner, and other major corporations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to 500 acre Grant Park; State Street, which hosts a historic shopping district; the Art Institute of Chicago; several theaters; and numerous subway and elevated rapid transit stations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ Other institutions in the Loop include the Willis Tower, once the tallest building in the world, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, the Goodman Theatre, the Joffrey Ballet, the central public Harold Washington Library, and the Chicago Cultural Center.", "Chicago Central Area Transit Plan __knowledge__ The Chicago Central Area Transit Plan, or generally referred to as the Chicago Central Area Transit Project (CCATP) in the 1970s, was an extensive study of the rapid transit system in downtown Chicago; the study had begun in 1965.", "Chicago Central Area Transit Plan __knowledge__ In April 1968, the completed study resulted in a three-volume report that proposed a series of recommendations for redeveloping and expanding Central Area communities, and for the replacement of The Loop elevated rapid transit system with a new Loop Subway under Randolph, Franklin, Van Buren, and Wabash, and a new Distributor Subway system in downtown Chicago (see Chicago \"L\").", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago ( or ), officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ With over 2.7 million residents, it is also the most populous city in both the state of Illinois and the Midwestern United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Cook County.", "Chicago __knowledge__ The Chicago metropolitan area, often referred to as Chicagoland, has nearly 10 million people and is the third-largest in the United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago has often been called a global architecture capital and is considered one of the most important business centers in the world.", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed and grew rapidly in the mid-nineteenth century.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad, also known as the North Shore Line, was an interurban railroad that served the northern Chicago metropolitan area, and southeastern Wisconsin.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The North Shore Line provided electric freight and passenger service between the Chicago Loop and downtown Milwaukee.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The high standard to which the railroad was built, in conjunction with its fast operating speeds and streamlined \"Electroliner\" service, led author and rail historian William D. Middleton to deem the North Shore Line a \"super interurban\".", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The North Shore Line was formed in 1916, when industrialist Samuel Insull acquired the Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railway Company.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ Chicago O'Hare International Airport , also known as O'Hare Airport, Chicago O'Hare, or simply O'Hare (), is an international airport located on the Far Northwest Side of Chicago, Illinois, northwest of the Chicago Loop.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ It is the primary airport serving the Chicago metropolitan area, with Midway International Airport, which is about closer to the Loop and serves as a secondary airport.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ It is operated by the City of Chicago Department of Aviation.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ O'Hare was the busiest airport in the world by the number of takeoffs and landings in 2014, ahead of Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, which held the title from 2005 to 2013; however, it lost that title back to Atlanta a year later.", "Chicago 21 Plan __knowledge__ The Chicago 21 Plan was a comprehensive development plan released in 1973 intended to revitalize the areas surrounding the Chicago Loop, Chicago's central business district.", "Chicago 21 Plan __knowledge__ The 125-page document, subtitled \"A Plan for the Central Area Communities\" was published by the Chicago 21 Corporation, which was made up of members of the Chicago Central Area Committee (CCAC), founded by some of Chicago's most influential business and civic leaders.", "Chicago 21 Plan __knowledge__ The cornerstone of the Chicago 21 Plan was the proposed creation of a new residential neighborhood in the of unused railroad yard bordered by the Loop to its north and the Chicago River to its west.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Continental Airlines was a major United States airline founded in 1934 and eventually headquartered in Houston, Texas.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ It had ownership interests and brand partnerships with several carriers, including Pakistan International Airlines.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Continental started out as one of the smaller carriers in the United States, known for its limited operations under the regulated era.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Post 1978, Continental grew into one of the country's largest carriers despite facing financial troubles and other issues, eventually becoming one of the more successful airlines in the United States.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ In May 2010, the airline announced that it would merge with UAL Corporation (the parent company of United Airlines) via a stock swap." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is the central business district or downtown of Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ It is one of the city's 77 designated community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to Chicago's commercial core, City Hall, and the seat of Cook County.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ In the late nineteenth century, cable car turnarounds and prominent elevated railway encircled the area, giving the Loop its name.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The community area is bounded on the north and west by the Chicago River, on the east by Lake Michigan, and on the south by Roosevelt Road, although the commercial core has expanded into adjacent community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ As a business center, some of the corporations the Loop hosts include the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the world's largest options and futures contracts open interest exchange; the headquarters of United Continental Holdings, one of the world's largest airlines; AON; Blue Cross Blue Shield; Hyatt Hotels Corporation; BorgWarner, and other major corporations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to 500 acre Grant Park; State Street, which hosts a historic shopping district; the Art Institute of Chicago; several theaters; and numerous subway and elevated rapid transit stations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ Other institutions in the Loop include the Willis Tower, once the tallest building in the world, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, the Goodman Theatre, the Joffrey Ballet, the central public Harold Washington Library, and the Chicago Cultural Center.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" is a song by the American rock band Mad Season, released in 1995 as the second single from the band's sole studio album, \"Above\" (1995).", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The song reached number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The verse bar for \"I Don't Know Anything\" features a droning, overdriven guitar melody centered on the use of harmonics.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" peaked at number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Although the single was released to radio across North America and the world, it was only commercially available in Austria.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" was first performed live at the band's October 12, 1994 concert in Seattle, Washington at the Crocodile Cafe.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling scepticism; from Greek σκέψις \"skepsis\", \"inquiry\") is both a philosophical school of thought and a method that questions the possibility of certainty in knowledge.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is generally agreed that knowledge requires justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is not enough to have a true belief: one must also have good reasons for that belief.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skeptics claim that it is not possible to have only an adequate justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skepticism is not a single position but covers a range of different positions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ In the ancient world there were two main skeptical traditions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Academic skepticism took the dogmatic position that knowledge was not possible; Pyrrhonian skeptics refused to take a dogmatic position on any issue—including skepticism.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Chicago Central Area Transit Plan __knowledge__ The Chicago Central Area Transit Plan, or generally referred to as the Chicago Central Area Transit Project (CCATP) in the 1970s, was an extensive study of the rapid transit system in downtown Chicago; the study had begun in 1965.", "Chicago Central Area Transit Plan __knowledge__ In April 1968, the completed study resulted in a three-volume report that proposed a series of recommendations for redeveloping and expanding Central Area communities, and for the replacement of The Loop elevated rapid transit system with a new Loop Subway under Randolph, Franklin, Van Buren, and Wabash, and a new Distributor Subway system in downtown Chicago (see Chicago \"L\").", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago ( or ), officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ With over 2.7 million residents, it is also the most populous city in both the state of Illinois and the Midwestern United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Cook County.", "Chicago __knowledge__ The Chicago metropolitan area, often referred to as Chicagoland, has nearly 10 million people and is the third-largest in the United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago has often been called a global architecture capital and is considered one of the most important business centers in the world.", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed and grew rapidly in the mid-nineteenth century.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ Natalia de Barros Cardoso (born 22 March 1993) is a Brazilian actress, blogger, and YouTuber with more than 6 million followers on social networks, her blogs are a fashion reference for many young people.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ In 2016 she was named one of the celebrities on the Notorious Brazil's list.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ Natalia de Barros Cardoso, known only as Nah Cardoso, is an actress, blogger and YouTuber, Nah Cardoso is one of the most influential personalities of the Internet in Brazil.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ In 2013 Nah Cardoso had 200,000 followers on Instagram, today she has over 5 million and 700 thousand followers.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ \"Nah Cardoso rose on the internet and won thousands of fans with her charisma, transmitted through her photos, phrases and videos posted on social networks\" says Natalia in a blog.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ Sodium hydride is the chemical compound with the empirical formula NaH.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ This alkali metal hydride is primarily used as a strong, yet combustible base in organic synthesis.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ NaH is representative of the saline hydrides, meaning it is a salt-like hydride, composed of Na and H ions, in contrast to the more molecular hydrides such as borane, methane, ammonia and water.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ It is an ionic material that is insoluble in organic solvents (although soluble in molten Na), consistent with the fact that H remains an unknown anion in solution.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ Because of the insolubility of NaH, all reactions involving NaH occur at the surface of the solid.", "Rama language __knowledge__ Rama is one of the indigenous languages of the Chibchan family spoken by the Rama people on the island of Rama Cay and south of lake Bluefields on the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua.", "Rama language __knowledge__ Other indigenous languages of this region include Miskito and Sumu .", "Rama language __knowledge__ Rama is one of the northernmost languages of the Chibchan family .", "Rama language __knowledge__ The Rama language is severely endangered.", "Rama language __knowledge__ Their language was described as \"dying quickly for lack of use\" as early as the 1860s .", "Rama language __knowledge__ By 1980, the Rama were noted as having \"all but lost their original ethnic language\", and had become speakers of a form of English creole instead .", "Rama language __knowledge__ In 1992, only approximately 36 fluent speakers could be found among an ethnic population of 649 individuals in 1992 .", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad, also known as the North Shore Line, was an interurban railroad that served the northern Chicago metropolitan area, and southeastern Wisconsin.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The North Shore Line provided electric freight and passenger service between the Chicago Loop and downtown Milwaukee.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The high standard to which the railroad was built, in conjunction with its fast operating speeds and streamlined \"Electroliner\" service, led author and rail historian William D. Middleton to deem the North Shore Line a \"super interurban\".", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The North Shore Line was formed in 1916, when industrialist Samuel Insull acquired the Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railway Company." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is the central business district or downtown of Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ It is one of the city's 77 designated community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to Chicago's commercial core, City Hall, and the seat of Cook County.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ In the late nineteenth century, cable car turnarounds and prominent elevated railway encircled the area, giving the Loop its name.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The community area is bounded on the north and west by the Chicago River, on the east by Lake Michigan, and on the south by Roosevelt Road, although the commercial core has expanded into adjacent community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ As a business center, some of the corporations the Loop hosts include the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the world's largest options and futures contracts open interest exchange; the headquarters of United Continental Holdings, one of the world's largest airlines; AON; Blue Cross Blue Shield; Hyatt Hotels Corporation; BorgWarner, and other major corporations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to 500 acre Grant Park; State Street, which hosts a historic shopping district; the Art Institute of Chicago; several theaters; and numerous subway and elevated rapid transit stations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ Other institutions in the Loop include the Willis Tower, once the tallest building in the world, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, the Goodman Theatre, the Joffrey Ballet, the central public Harold Washington Library, and the Chicago Cultural Center.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc.", "Roads in Pune __knowledge__ Pune is city in the West of India, in the state of Maharashtra and is roughly 160 km east of Mumbai.", "Roads in Pune __knowledge__ The city lies approximately 3 miles along a river.", "Roads in Pune __knowledge__ The heart of the city is much older than the rest of the city.", "Roads in Pune __knowledge__ It has winding roads, many of which follow the natural slopes of the mountainous terrain and end at the rivers feeding the city.", "Roads in Pune __knowledge__ As the city expanded unevenly, a large number of roads were built around the central portion of the city, including the major highways which link the city to other parts of the country.", "Roads in Pune __knowledge__ Some of the highways linking the city are maintained by the State of Maharashtra and are the State Highways.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Sunday shopping or Sunday trading refers to the ability of retailers to operate stores on Sunday, a day that Christian tradition typically recognises as a day of rest.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Rules governing shopping hours, such as Sunday shopping, vary around the world but some countries and subnational jurisdictions continue to ban or restrict Sunday shopping.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Sunday shopping has its main argument in the consumer welfare.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Extended opening hours afford more time to individuals in order to make their choices.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ They allow individuals to avoid peak shopping hours and having to queue in their free time.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ A deontological argument based on individualist principles holds that business owners should be free to set whatever hours they please and to hire whatever workers are available, able, and willing to work during those hours.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ The workweek and weekend are those complementary parts of the week devoted to labour and rest, respectively.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ The legal working week (British English), or workweek (American English), is the part of the seven-day week devoted to labour.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ In most of the Western world, it is Monday to Friday; the weekend is Saturday and Sunday.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ A weekday or workday is any day of the working week.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ Other institutions often follow the pattern, such as places of education.", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ In some Christian traditions, Sunday is the \"day of rest and worship\".", "Workweek and weekend __knowledge__ Jewish \"Shabbat\" or Biblical Sabbath lasts from sunset on Friday to the fall of full darkness on Saturday; as a result, the weekend in Israel is observed on Friday–Saturday.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States, northwest of downtown Los Angeles.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ The population at the 2010 census was 103,340.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ Billed as the \"Media Capital of the World\" and only a few miles northeast of Hollywood, numerous media and entertainment companies are headquartered or have significant production facilities in Burbank, including The Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Entertainment, Nickelodeon Animation Studios, The Burbank Studios, Cartoon Network Studios with the West Coast branch of Cartoon Network, and Insomniac Games.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ The city is also home to Hollywood Burbank Airport, previously known as Bob Hope Airport.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ Little Saigon is a name given to ethnic enclaves of expatriate Vietnamese mainly in English-speaking countries.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ Alternate names include Little Vietnam and Little Hanoi (mainly in historically communist nations), depending on the enclave's political history.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ Saigon is the former name of the capital of the former South Vietnam, where a large number of first-generation Vietnamese immigrants arriving to the United States originate, whereas Hanoi is the current capital of Vietnam.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ The most well-established and largest Vietnamese-American enclaves, not all of which are called Little Saigon, are in Orange County, California; San Jose, California; and Houston, Texas.", "Pediobius foveolatus __knowledge__ Pediobius foveolatus (Crawford) (Fig.", "Pediobius foveolatus __knowledge__ 1 and 3), is a tiny exotic parasitoid wasp that is used for biological control of Mexican bean beetle, \"Epilachna varivestis\" (Fig.", "Pediobius foveolatus __knowledge__ 2), an important insect pest of snap beans, lima beans, and sometimes soybeans mainly found at economic levels in the eastern United States.", "Pediobius foveolatus __knowledge__ \"Pediobius foveolatus\" is in the family Eulophidae, and is the most successful biological control agent for Mexican bean beetle.", "Pediobius foveolatus __knowledge__ This wasp only attacks beetle larvae, not eggs or adults.", "Pediobius foveolatus __knowledge__ It is commonly used by smaller, organic growers; but is also mass released throughout the state of New Jersey, by their state department of agriculture.", "Austin, Chicago __knowledge__ Austin which is located on the West Side of Chicago, Illinois, is one of seventy-seven officially designated community areas in Chicago.", "Austin, Chicago __knowledge__ It is currently the largest community area both geographically and by population.", "Austin, Chicago __knowledge__ Austin's eastern boundary is the Belt Railway located just east of Cicero Avenue.", "Austin, Chicago __knowledge__ Its northernmost border is the Milwaukee District / West Line.", "Austin, Chicago __knowledge__ Its southernmost border is at Roosevelt Road from the Belt Railway west to Austin Boulevard.", "Austin, Chicago __knowledge__ The northernmost portion, north of North Avenue, extends west to Harlem Avenue, abutting Elmwood Park.", "Austin, Chicago __knowledge__ In addition to Elmwood Park, Austin also borders the suburbs of Cicero and Oak Park.", "Fuller Park, Chicago __knowledge__ Fuller Park, located on the south side of Chicago, Illinois, is one of 77 officially designated Chicago community areas.", "Fuller Park, Chicago __knowledge__ It is designated Community Area 37.", "Fuller Park, Chicago __knowledge__ Fuller Park is named for the small park within the neighborhood, which is in turn named for Melville Weston Fuller, a Chicago attorney who was the Chief Justice of the United States between 1888 and 1910.", "Fuller Park, Chicago __knowledge__ Fuller Park is one of Chicago's smallest community areas.", "Fuller Park, Chicago __knowledge__ It is a narrow two-mile strip of land, bounded by Pershing Road to the north; Garfield Boulevard to the south; the Dan Ryan Expressway and the Rock Island commuter line of Metra to the east; and the Chicago & Western Indiana Railroad to the west.", "Humboldt Park, Chicago __knowledge__ Humboldt Park, one of 77 designated community areas, is on the West Side of Chicago, Illinois.", "Humboldt Park, Chicago __knowledge__ The Humboldt Park neighborhood is known for its dynamic social and ethnic demographic change over the years.", "Humboldt Park, Chicago __knowledge__ The Puerto Rican community has identified strongly with the area since the 1970s; Humboldt Park is also the name of a 207-acre (0.8 km²) park adjacent to the community area.", "Humboldt Park, Chicago __knowledge__ The official community boundaries established by the City of Chicago include Bloomingdale Ave to the north, the Union Pacific railroad tracks to the south, the train tracks running between Kostner and Cicero to the west, and Humboldt Park proper to the east (to the East side of California Ave).", "Logan Square, Chicago __knowledge__ Logan Square is an official community area, historical neighborhood, and public square located on the northwest side of the City of Chicago.", "Logan Square, Chicago __knowledge__ The Logan Square community area is one of the 77 city-designated community areas established for planning purposes.", "Logan Square, Chicago __knowledge__ The Logan Square neighborhood, located within the Logan Square community area, is centered on the public square that serves as its namesake, located at the three-way intersection of Milwaukee Avenue, Logan Boulevard and Kedzie Boulevard.", "Logan Square, Chicago __knowledge__ The is, in general, bounded by the Metra/Milwaukee District North Line railroad on the west, the North Branch of the Chicago River on the east, Diversey Parkway, on the north, and Bloomingdale Avenue on the south.", "Avondale, Chicago __knowledge__ Avondale () is one of 77 officially designated community areas.", "Avondale, Chicago __knowledge__ It is located on the Northwest Side of Chicago.", "Avondale, Chicago __knowledge__ The northern border is the Addison Street from the north branch of the Chicago River in the east to Pulaski Road in the west.", "Avondale, Chicago __knowledge__ The neighborhood extends further west along Belmont Avenue to the Union Pacific / Northwest Line.", "Avondale, Chicago __knowledge__ Its southern border is Diversey Avenue from the Union Pacific/Northwest Line to the Chicago River.", "Avondale, Chicago __knowledge__ The first European settler in Avondale was Abraham Harris who settled the area three years after its 1850 incorporation into Jefferson Township.", "Avondale, Chicago __knowledge__ In 1869, Avondale was incorporated as a village." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is the central business district or downtown of Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ It is one of the city's 77 designated community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to Chicago's commercial core, City Hall, and the seat of Cook County.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ In the late nineteenth century, cable car turnarounds and prominent elevated railway encircled the area, giving the Loop its name.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The community area is bounded on the north and west by the Chicago River, on the east by Lake Michigan, and on the south by Roosevelt Road, although the commercial core has expanded into adjacent community areas.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ As a business center, some of the corporations the Loop hosts include the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the world's largest options and futures contracts open interest exchange; the headquarters of United Continental Holdings, one of the world's largest airlines; AON; Blue Cross Blue Shield; Hyatt Hotels Corporation; BorgWarner, and other major corporations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ The Loop is home to 500 acre Grant Park; State Street, which hosts a historic shopping district; the Art Institute of Chicago; several theaters; and numerous subway and elevated rapid transit stations.", "Chicago Loop __knowledge__ Other institutions in the Loop include the Willis Tower, once the tallest building in the world, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, the Goodman Theatre, the Joffrey Ballet, the central public Harold Washington Library, and the Chicago Cultural Center.", "Chicago Central Area Transit Plan __knowledge__ The Chicago Central Area Transit Plan, or generally referred to as the Chicago Central Area Transit Project (CCATP) in the 1970s, was an extensive study of the rapid transit system in downtown Chicago; the study had begun in 1965.", "Chicago Central Area Transit Plan __knowledge__ In April 1968, the completed study resulted in a three-volume report that proposed a series of recommendations for redeveloping and expanding Central Area communities, and for the replacement of The Loop elevated rapid transit system with a new Loop Subway under Randolph, Franklin, Van Buren, and Wabash, and a new Distributor Subway system in downtown Chicago (see Chicago \"L\").", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago ( or ), officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ With over 2.7 million residents, it is also the most populous city in both the state of Illinois and the Midwestern United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Cook County.", "Chicago __knowledge__ The Chicago metropolitan area, often referred to as Chicagoland, has nearly 10 million people and is the third-largest in the United States.", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago has often been called a global architecture capital and is considered one of the most important business centers in the world.", "Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed and grew rapidly in the mid-nineteenth century.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad, also known as the North Shore Line, was an interurban railroad that served the northern Chicago metropolitan area, and southeastern Wisconsin.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The North Shore Line provided electric freight and passenger service between the Chicago Loop and downtown Milwaukee.", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The high standard to which the railroad was built, in conjunction with its fast operating speeds and streamlined \"Electroliner\" service, led author and rail historian William D. Middleton to deem the North Shore Line a \"super interurban\".", "Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad __knowledge__ The North Shore Line was formed in 1916, when industrialist Samuel Insull acquired the Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railway Company.", "History of the Jews in Chicago __knowledge__ At the end of the 20th century there were a total of 270,000 Jews in the Chicago area, with 30% in the city limits.", "History of the Jews in Chicago __knowledge__ In 1995 there were 154,000 Jews in the suburbs of Chicago.", "History of the Jews in Chicago __knowledge__ Of them, over 80% of the Jews in the suburbs of Chicago live in the northern and northwestern suburbs.", "History of the Jews in Chicago __knowledge__ In 1995, the largest Jewish community in the City of Chicago was in West Rogers Park.", "History of the Jews in Chicago __knowledge__ By 1995 the Jewish population within the City of Chicago had been declining, and it tended to be older and more well educated than the Chicago average.", "History of the Jews in Chicago __knowledge__ Jews in Chicago came from many national origins including those in Europe and Middle East, with Eastern Europe and Germany being the most common.", "Edgewater, Chicago __knowledge__ Edgewater is a lakefront community area on the North Side of the city of Chicago, Illinois seven miles north of the Loop.", "Edgewater, Chicago __knowledge__ As one of Chicago's 77 official community areas, Edgewater is bounded by Foster Avenue on the south, Devon Avenue on the north, Ravenswood Avenue on the west, and Lake Michigan on the east.", "Edgewater, Chicago __knowledge__ Edgewater contains several beaches that residents enjoy in the late spring, summer, and early autumn.", "Edgewater, Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago's largest park, Lincoln Park, stretches south from Edgewater for seven miles along the waterfront, almost to downtown.", "Edgewater, Chicago __knowledge__ Historically, Edgewater was the northeastern corner of Lake View Township, an independent suburb which was annexed by the city of Chicago in 1889.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ The Chicago Tunnel Company built a narrow gauge railway freight tunnel network under the downtown of the city of Chicago.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ This was regulated by the Interstate Commerce Commission as an interurban even though it operated entirely under central Chicago, did not carry passengers, and was entirely underground.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ It inspired the construction of the London Post Office Railway.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ The city of Chicago granted the newly formed Illinois Telephone and Telegraph company the rights to construct utility tunnels under the streets of Chicago in 1899 to carry its planned network of telephone cables.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ Initial plans for the tunnels called for filling them with phone cables, leaving a by passage for maintenance.", "TRAK __knowledge__ TRAK is a general enterprise architecture framework aimed at systems engineers based on MODAF 1.2.", "TRAK __knowledge__ TRAK was originally commissioned by London Underground Limited.", "TRAK __knowledge__ Development started in 2009 and was based on the then current views of architectural description within London Underground which were based on ISO/IEC 42010 and tied to the systems engineering lifecyle defined in ISO/IEC 15288 .", "TRAK __knowledge__ Although the original intent was to develop a rail-specific architecture framework in adapting MODAF to suit local needs any defence or domain-specific content was removed and the result was a domain-free metamodel and viewpoints that were only based on representing complex systems.", "A-Trak __knowledge__ Alain Macklovitch (born March 30, 1982), known by his stage name A-Trak, is a Canadian DJ, turntablist, record producer, and music label executive.", "A-Trak __knowledge__ He is the owner of the record label Fool's Gold, which was founded in 2007, and is credited for developing the careers of artists such as Kid Cudi, Danny Brown, and Flosstradamus.", "A-Trak __knowledge__ A-Trak's career has spanned nearly two decades, leading Rolling Stone to name him one of the 50 Most Important People in EDM.", "A-Trak __knowledge__ A-Trak is also part of the DJ duo Duck Sauce with Armand Van Helden, which was nominated for a Grammy in 2012 for their song \"Barbara Streisand\".", "A-Trak __knowledge__ A-Trak was featured on the covers of Billboard and Complex and recently appeared in campaigns for Adidas, Grey Goose, Converse and Cadillac.", "Gran Trak 10 __knowledge__ Gran Trak 10 is an arcade game developed by Atari through its subsidiary Cyan Engineering, and released by Atari in May 1974.", "Gran Trak 10 __knowledge__ In the game, a single player drives a car along a race track, viewed from above, avoiding walls of pylons and trying to pass as many checkpoints as possible before time runs out.", "Gran Trak 10 __knowledge__ The game is controlled with a steering wheel, accelerator and brake pedals, and a gear stick, and the car crashes and spins if it hits a pylon.", "Gran Trak 10 __knowledge__ \"Gran Trak 10\" began development in fall of 1973; it was initially designed by Larry Emmons of Cyan, with the mechanical design handled by Eigen Systems, though after several design and production problems were uncovered during an initial small production run in March 1974 the design was overhauled by Allan Alcorn, the designer of \"Pong\", with wider distribution beginning in May.", "The Trak Starz __knowledge__ The Trak Starz (Alonzo \"Zo\" Lee Jr. & Shamar “Sham” Daugherty), are an American hip-hop production group from St. Louis, Missouri.", "The Trak Starz __knowledge__ Credited with helping establish St. Louis in the hip-hop community, The Trak Starz quickly developed a reputation as one of the rap industry's marquee production teams.", "The Trak Starz __knowledge__ Prior to forming The Trak Starz in 2000, Sham and Zo had known each other for over 7 years.", "The Trak Starz __knowledge__ Zo played in numerous reggae and funk bands including Reggae At Will and Dr. Zhivegas, while Sham was in a group called Out of Order.", "The Trak Starz __knowledge__ Zo also utilized his keyboard skills to produce tracks for various regional rappers.", "Trak Auto __knowledge__ Trak Auto Corporation was an American retail chain specializing in automotive parts and accessories based in Landover, Maryland.", "Trak Auto __knowledge__ Founded by Robert Haft in 1979, at its peak in 1993 it operated 333 stores around the United States under the Trak Auto, Super Trak, and Super Trak Warehouse concepts.", "Trak Auto __knowledge__ A declining market, stiff competition, and management problems led to a steep decline and bankruptcy, with its remaining stores acquired by and converted to Advance Auto Parts in 2002.", "Trak Auto __knowledge__ Trak Auto formed part of the stable of discount operations owned by the Dart Group, the family holding company of Herbert Haft, and grew indirectly out of Dart Drug.", "Star Trak Entertainment __knowledge__ Star Trak Entertainment was an American record label, founded by The Neptunes in 2002.", "Star Trak Entertainment __knowledge__ It operated as a division of Interscope Geffen A&M Records, a subsidiary of Universal Music Group.", "Star Trak Entertainment __knowledge__ Star Trak Entertainment was formed in 2002 by The Neptunes.", "Star Trak Entertainment __knowledge__ The label was partially funded by Arista Records (from Sony Music Entertainment) in a joint-venture.", "Star Trak Entertainment __knowledge__ Pharrell Williams would sign longtime friends, Clipse.", "Star Trak Entertainment __knowledge__ Their debut album, \"Lord Willin'\", was released in 2002 led by the hits, \"Grindin'\", \"When the Last Time\", and \"Ma, I Don't Love Her\" After the success of the album, the label would sign Kelis, Vanessa Marquez, Fam-Lay, N.E.R.D and pop rock band Spymob, who provided backing instruments for N.E.R.D's debut album \"In Search Of...\".", "Oklahoma Baptist University __knowledge__ Oklahoma Baptist University (OBU) is a co-educational Christian liberal arts university located in Shawnee, Oklahoma, and owned by the Baptist General Convention of Oklahoma.", "Oklahoma Baptist University __knowledge__ Established in 1910, OBU is ranked among the top five baccalaureate colleges in the western region in the 2013 \"U.S. News & World Report\" \"America's Best Colleges\" ratings and has been Oklahoma's highest rated regional college in the \"U.S. News\" rankings for 18 consecutive years.", "Oklahoma Baptist University __knowledge__ According to \"The Princeton Review\", OBU is a 2013 \"The Harvard of the Midwest\" institution and one of \"America's Best Value Colleges\".", "Oklahoma Baptist University __knowledge__ OBU was named among Oklahoma's top-ranked university in the Forbes.com 2013 listing of \"America's Best Colleges\" and was the state's top college in the Forbes.com list of \"America's Best College Buys\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 6 ]

[ "Nah I've never been to the Chicago Loop before.", "Well one thing you should know is that it is one of 77 designated community areas.", "There likely are since it is a business center.", "Hosts like the Chicago Mercantile Exchange!" ]

[ "Chicago Loop", "Chicago Loop", "Chicago Loop", "Chicago Loop" ]

[ "Parenting\nParenting is not easy. Daughters can be particularly tough.", "Parenting skills are learned along the way. It is something you develop and aren't born with.", "That is good to go through. I would attend that class for educational purposes alone.", "That is true. I had a close friend raised by his aunt and uncle.", "Yeah. They call that being an orphan right? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods which aim to promote the attachment of mother and infant not only by maximal maternal empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The term \"attachment parenting\" has been coined by the American pediatrician William Sears.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ In family sociology, attachment parenting is considered to be the most striking manifestation of \"intensive mothering\" or \"New momism\".", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The doctrine has hence been targeted by criticism from a host of objectors.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting is only one of many responsiveness and love-oriented parenting philosophies that entered the pedagogical mainstream after World War II, and it owes many of its ideas to older teachings, such as Benjamin Spock's influential handbook \"Baby and Child Care\" (1946).", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ A parenting style is a psychological construct representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ The quality of parenting can be more essential than the quantity of time spent with the child.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ For instance, a parent can spend an entire afternoon with his or her child, yet the parent may be engaging in a different activity and not demonstrating enough interest towards the child.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ Parenting styles are the representation of how parents respond and demand to their children.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ Parenting practices are specific behaviors, while parenting styles represent broader patterns of parenting practices.", "Shared earning/shared parenting marriage __knowledge__ Shared earning/shared parenting marriage, also known as peer marriage, is a type of marriage where the partners at the outset agree to adhere to a model of shared responsibility for earning money, meeting the needs of children, doing household chores, and taking recreation time in near equal fashion across these four domains.", "Shared earning/shared parenting marriage __knowledge__ It refers to an intact family formed in the relatively equal earning and parenting style from its initiation.", "Shared earning/shared parenting marriage __knowledge__ Peer marriage is distinct from shared parenting, as well as the type of equal or co-parenting that father's rights activists in the United States, the United Kingdom and elsewhere seek after a divorce in the case of marriages, or unmarried pregnancies/childbirths, not set up in this fashion at the outset of the relationship or pregnancy.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT parenting refers to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people raising one or more children as parents or foster care parents.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ This includes: children raised by same-sex couples (same-sex parenting), children raised by single LGBT parents, and children raised by an opposite-sex couple where at least one partner is LGBT.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT people can become parents through various means including current or former relationships, coparenting, adoption, donor insemination, and surrogacy.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ Scientific research consistently shows that gay and lesbian parents are as fit and capable as heterosexual parents, and their children are as psychologically healthy and well-adjusted as those reared by heterosexual parents.", "Parent education program __knowledge__ A parent education program is a course that can be followed to correct and improve a person's parenting skills.", "Parent education program __knowledge__ Such courses may be general, covering the most common issues parents may encounter, or specific, for infants, toddlers, children and teenagers.", "Parent education program __knowledge__ These courses may also be geared towards parents who are considering having a child, or adopting one, or are pregnant.", "Parent education program __knowledge__ Some parent education programs are: Parenting education and support has always existed (e.g.", "Parent education program __knowledge__ through informal kinship and family networks), but formal recognition of the need to support parents was established through the International Year of the Family in 1994.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ Sociological studies of the family look at: Examples of specific issues looked at include: Research methods in the sociology of the family can be broken down to three major approaches, each with its own strengths and weaknesses.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ One approach is survey research of contemporary families.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ This holds the benefit of leaving statistical data and large and hopefully random samples from which a researcher can interpolate the general traits of a society.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ However, survey respondents tend to answer as would feel regular or ideal rather than as things might actually be.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ It also gives a very one-sided explanation view of a larger group, which does not sufficiently allow for contention." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Parent management training __knowledge__ Parent management training (PMT), also known as behavioral parent training (BPT) or simply parent training, is a family of treatment programs that aims to change parenting behaviors, teaching parents positive reinforcement methods for improving pre-school and school-age children's behavior problems (such as aggression, hyperactivity, temper tantrums, and difficulty following directions).", "Parent management training __knowledge__ PMT is one of the most investigated treatments available for disruptive behavior, particularly oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD); it is effective in reducing child disruptive behavior and improving parental mental health.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child, and can occur in a child's home, or in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ The terms \"child abuse\" and \"child maltreatment\" are often used interchangeably, although some researchers make a distinction between them, treating \"child maltreatment\" as an umbrella term to cover neglect, exploitation, and trafficking.", "Evolutionary psychology of parenting __knowledge__ Evolutionarily speaking, offspring have a greater bond to mothers than fathers; women are universally known to be the direct caregivers in a parent-offspring relationship, whereas males are seen as material resource providers or involved only with their own reproductive success.", "Evolutionary psychology of parenting __knowledge__ Women have the \"maternal instinct\" to aid, assist, embrace and invest in their offspring.", "Evolutionary psychology of parenting __knowledge__ Males are evolutionarily known to invest less due to paternal uncertainty and therefore seek as many sexual partners and seek for an increase of their genes amongst society.", "Evolutionary psychology of parenting __knowledge__ However, males also have a role in securing a connection with the offspring by taking part in making an offspring's decisions when involved in a household.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Child neglect is a form of child abuse, and is a deficit in meeting a child's basic needs, including the failure to provide adequate health care, supervision, clothing, nutrition, housing as well as their physical, emotional, social, educational and safety needs.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Society generally believes there are necessary behaviors a caregiver must provide in order for a child to develop physically, socially, and emotionally.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Causes of neglect may result from several parenting problems including mental disorders, substance abuse, domestic violence, unemployment, unplanned pregnancy, and poverty.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Child neglect depends on how a child and society perceives the parents’ behavior; it is not how parents believe they are behaving towards their child.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods which aim to promote the attachment of mother and infant not only by maximal maternal empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The term \"attachment parenting\" has been coined by the American pediatrician William Sears.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ In family sociology, attachment parenting is considered to be the most striking manifestation of \"intensive mothering\" or \"New momism\".", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The doctrine has hence been targeted by criticism from a host of objectors.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting is only one of many responsiveness and love-oriented parenting philosophies that entered the pedagogical mainstream after World War II, and it owes many of its ideas to older teachings, such as Benjamin Spock's influential handbook \"Baby and Child Care\" (1946).", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Sharon Tate __knowledge__ Sharon Marie Tate Polanski (January 24, 1943 – August 9, 1969) was an American actress and model.", "Sharon Tate __knowledge__ During the 1960s, she played small television roles before appearing in films and was regularly featured in fashion magazines as a model and cover girl.", "Sharon Tate __knowledge__ After receiving positive reviews for her comedic and dramatic acting performances, Tate was hailed as one of Hollywood's most promising newcomers.", "Sharon Tate __knowledge__ She made her film debut in 1966 with the occult-themed \"Eye of the Devil\".", "Sharon Tate __knowledge__ Her most remembered performance was as Jennifer North in the 1967 cult classic film, \"Valley of the Dolls\", earning her a Golden Globe Award nomination." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Article One of the Constitution of Georgia __knowledge__ Article One of the Georgia State Constitution describes the Georgia Bill of Rights, a set of forty paragraphs which enumerate the Rights of Persons, the Origin and Structure of Government and other General Provisions.", "Article One of the Constitution of Georgia __knowledge__ The Georgia Bill of Rights was written by Thomas R.R.", "Article One of the Constitution of Georgia __knowledge__ Cobb under the title \"Declaration of Fundamental Principals\", as part of the Georgia Constitution of 1861 when the State of Georgia seceded from the United States of America and joined the Confederate States of America.", "Article One of the Constitution of Georgia __knowledge__ The first Section, the Rights of Persons, lists twenty-eight paragraphs of individual rights.", "Article One of the Constitution of Georgia __knowledge__ Many of these rights are similar to the rights listed in the United States Bill of Rights.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Communications Workers of America v. Beck __knowledge__ Communications Workers of America v. Beck, 487 U.S. 735 (1988) is a decision by the United States Supreme Court which held that, in a union security agreement, unions are authorized by statute to collect from non-members only those fees and dues necessary to perform its duties as a collective bargaining representative.", "Communications Workers of America v. Beck __knowledge__ The rights identified by the Court in \"Communications Workers of America v. Beck\" have since come to be known as \"\"Beck\" rights,\" and defining what \"Beck\" rights are and how a union must fulfill its duties regarding them is an active area of modern United States labor law.", "Communications Workers of America v. Beck __knowledge__ The union security agreement is a contractual agreement, usually part of a union collective bargaining agreement, in which an employer and a trade or labor union agree on the extent to which the union may compel employees to join the union, and/or whether the employer will collect dues, fees, and assessments on behalf of the union.", "Romney Academy __knowledge__ Romney Academy was an educational institution for higher learning in Romney, Virginia (now West Virginia).", "Romney Academy __knowledge__ Romney Academy was first incorporated by the Virginia General Assembly on January 11, 1814, and was active until 1846 when it was reorganized as the Romney Classical Institute.", "Romney Academy __knowledge__ In addition to the Romney Classical Institute, Romney Academy was also a forerunner institution to Potomac Seminary.", "Romney Academy __knowledge__ Romney Academy was one of the earliest institutions for higher learning within the present boundaries of the state of West Virginia.", "Romney Academy __knowledge__ With the growth of settlement in Pearsall's Flats, which was later the location of Romney, the need for educational facilities became apparent and the community began plans for the establishment of schools and churches.", "William Ewart Gladstone __knowledge__ William Ewart Gladstone, (; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British statesman of the Liberal Party.", "William Ewart Gladstone __knowledge__ In a career lasting over sixty years, he served for twelve years as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, spread over four terms beginning in 1868 and ending in 1894.", "William Ewart Gladstone __knowledge__ He also served as Chancellor of the Exchequer four times.", "William Ewart Gladstone __knowledge__ Gladstone was born in Liverpool to Scottish parents.", "William Ewart Gladstone __knowledge__ He first entered the House of Commons in 1832, beginning his political career in the Conservative Party as a High Tory.", "William Ewart Gladstone __knowledge__ Gladstone served as a minister in both of Robert Peel's governments, and in 1846 joined the breakaway Peelite faction, which eventually merged into the new Liberal Party in 1859.", "Scrabble letter distributions __knowledge__ Editions of the word board game Scrabble in different languages have differing letter distributions of the tiles, because the frequency of each letter of the alphabet is different for every language.", "Scrabble letter distributions __knowledge__ As a general rule, the rarer the letter, the more points it is worth.", "Scrabble letter distributions __knowledge__ Many languages use sets of 102 tiles, since the original distribution of one hundred tiles was later augmented with two blank tiles.", "Scrabble letter distributions __knowledge__ In tournament play, while it is acceptable to pause the game to count the tiles remaining in the game, it is not acceptable to mention how many tiles are remaining at any time.", "Scrabble letter distributions __knowledge__ Several online tools exist for counting tiles during friendly play.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ The American television sitcom \"Saved by the Bell\", that aired on NBC from 1989 to 1993, follows a group of six high school students and their principal, Mr. Belding.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ Kelly Kapowski (portrayed by Tiffani Amber Thiessen) is the most popular girl in school and is head cheerleader and captain of the volleyball, swim, and softball teams.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ Though a good student and role model, Kelly did find herself sentenced to detention on a couple of occasions.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ She is also a big fan of George Michael.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ She also is the love interest and later wife of Zack Morris.", "List of Saved by the Bell characters __knowledge__ At the start of her freshman year, Zack had been trying to go out with Kelly ever since she can remember.", "Parent management training __knowledge__ Parent management training (PMT), also known as behavioral parent training (BPT) or simply parent training, is a family of treatment programs that aims to change parenting behaviors, teaching parents positive reinforcement methods for improving pre-school and school-age children's behavior problems (such as aggression, hyperactivity, temper tantrums, and difficulty following directions).", "Parent management training __knowledge__ PMT is one of the most investigated treatments available for disruptive behavior, particularly oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD); it is effective in reducing child disruptive behavior and improving parental mental health.", "Reinforcement __knowledge__ In behavioral psychology, reinforcement is a consequence that will strengthen an organism's future behavior whenever that behavior is preceded by a specific antecedent stimulus.", "Reinforcement __knowledge__ This strengthening effect may be measured as a higher frequency of behavior (e.g., pulling a lever more frequently), longer duration (e.g., pulling a lever for longer periods of time), greater magnitude (e.g., pulling a lever with greater force), or shorter latency (e.g., pulling a lever more quickly following the antecedent stimulus).", "Reinforcement __knowledge__ Rewarding stimuli, which are associated with \"wanting\" and \"liking\" (desire and pleasure, respectively) and appetitive behavior, function as positive reinforcers; the converse statement is also true: positive reinforcers provide a desirable stimulus.", "Operant conditioning __knowledge__ Operant conditioning (also called \"instrumental conditioning\") is a learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reward or punishment.", "Operant conditioning __knowledge__ It is also a procedure that is used to bring about such learning.", "Operant conditioning __knowledge__ Although operant and classical conditioning both involve behaviors controlled by environmental stimuli, they differ in nature.", "Operant conditioning __knowledge__ In operant conditioning, stimuli present when a behavior is rewarded or punished come to control that behavior.", "Operant conditioning __knowledge__ For example, a child may learn to open a box to get the candy inside, or learn to avoid touching a hot stove; in operant terms, the box and the stove are \"discriminative stimuli\".", "Professional practice of behavior analysis __knowledge__ The professional practice of behavior analysis is one domain of behavior analysis: the others being radical behaviorism, experimental analysis of behavior and applied behavior analysis.", "Professional practice of behavior analysis __knowledge__ The professional practice of behavior analysis is the delivery of interventions to consumers that are guided by the principles of behaviorism and the research of both the experimental analysis of behavior and applied behavior analysis.", "Professional practice of behavior analysis __knowledge__ Professional practice seeks maximum precision to change behavior most effectively in specific instances.", "Professional practice of behavior analysis __knowledge__ Behavior analysts are mental health professionals and, in some states, may hold a license, certificate or registration as a behavior analyst.", "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management __knowledge__ Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management options are evidence-based practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD.", "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management __knowledge__ The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends different treatment paradigms depending on the age of the person being treated.", "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management __knowledge__ For those aged 4–5, the Academy recommends evidence-based parent- and/or teacher-administered behavior therapy, with the addition of methylphenidate only if there is continuing moderate-to-severe functional disturbances.", "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management __knowledge__ For those aged 6–11, the use of medication in combination with behavior therapy is recommended, with the evidence for stimulant medications being stronger than that for other classes.", "Behavior modification __knowledge__ Behavior modification refers to behavior-change procedures that were employed during the 1970s and early 1980s.", "Behavior modification __knowledge__ Based on methodological behaviorism, overt behavior was modified through the use of presumed consequences, including positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, or administering positive and negative punishment and/or extinction to reduce behavior.", "Behavior modification __knowledge__ For the treatment of phobias, habituation and punishment were the basic principles used in flooding, a subcategory of desensitization.", "Behavior modification __knowledge__ Although there were certain historical instances in which behavior modification did change behavior after initially assessing the behavior-environment interactions, there was not any research identifying the most effective ways to change behavior until the mid-1980s.", "Parrot training __knowledge__ Parrot training, also called parrot teaching, is the application of training techniques to modify the behavior of household companion parrots.", "Parrot training __knowledge__ Training is used to deal with behavior problems such as biting and screaming, to train husbandry behaviors such as allowing claw trimming without restraint or accepting a parrot harness, and to teach various tricks.", "Parrot training __knowledge__ Although very trainable and intelligent, parrots are a prey species and are naturally more cautious than predatory species such as dogs.", "Parrot training __knowledge__ They often must be trained more slowly and carefully.", "Parrot training __knowledge__ Parrots can, however, eventually be taught many complicated tricks and behaviors, and remember them for years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in Jeff Kinney's book series \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" as well as the film versions of the first, , and book.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" is a series of graphic novels written by American author and cartoonist Jeff Kinney.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ The books are written as the journals of the main character named Greg Heffley.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" is also a series of films based on the books.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ Jeff Kinney was an executive producer.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ Like the books, the movies are the journals of Greg Heffley, played by Zachary Gordon in \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\", \"\", and \"\", and Jason Drucker in \"\".", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ Gregory \"Greg\" Heffley is 12 years old in the first novel.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This list of Donald Duck universe characters focuses on Disney cartoon characters who typically appear with Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck, but are not related to them.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For relatives of Donald and Scrooge, see Duck family (Disney) or Clan McDuck.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ For characters exclusive to the \"DuckTales\" franchise, see List of \"DuckTales\" characters.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Ducks are the most common type of named characters in the Donald Duck universe.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ Like Donald, they appear as white American Pekin ducks.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ This section contains a list of characters with the surname \"Duck\" who are not related to Donald.", "List of Donald Duck universe characters __knowledge__ As Don Rosa explained, \"Duck\" is an common name in Duckburg (just as \"Smith\" or \"Jones\" are common in the real-life United States) and does not necessarily identify a blood relation of Donald.", "List of minor Blandings characters __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the fictional characters featured in the Blandings Castle stories of P. G. Wodehouse.", "List of minor Blandings characters __knowledge__ One of Lord Emsworth's many sisters, Lady Alcester is very fond of dogs (at one point she owns four Pekes (one of which is called Susan), two Pomeranians, a Yorkshire Terrier, five Sealyhams, a Borzoi and an Airedale), making her an ideal customer for her nephew Freddie Threepwood when he comes to England to promote his father-in-law Mr Donaldson's dog biscuits; much to Freddie's disgust, she feeds her many dogs on \"Peterson's Pup-food\".", "List of minor Blandings characters __knowledge__ The mother of Gertrude, in \"Company for Gertrude\" Lady Georgiana disapproves of her daughter's liaison with \"Beefy\" Bingham, until she learns of his prospects, and is even more against the crooning tenor Orlo Watkins in \"The Go-getter\".", "List of Jeeves characters __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the fictional characters featured in the Jeeves novels and short stories by P. G. Wodehouse.", "List of Jeeves characters __knowledge__ Anatole is a recurring fictional character in the Jeeves stories, being the supremely skilled French chef of Aunt Dahlia at her country house Brinkley Court.", "List of Jeeves characters __knowledge__ He is mentioned in many of the stories and is often praised as \"God's gift to the gastric juices\".", "List of Jeeves characters __knowledge__ A small, rotund man, Anatole has a large moustache; Bertie Wooster notes that the ends of Anatole's moustache turn up when he is happy and droop when he is upset.", "List of Jeeves characters __knowledge__ Originally from Provence, Anatole speaks English with a mixed fluency, having learned much of his English from Bingo Little and an American chauffeur from Brooklyn.", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ Emma, by Jane Austen, is a novel about youthful hubris and the perils of misconstrued romance and was the last of her six novels to be completed, written while she was in Chawton.", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ The story takes place in the fictional village of Highbury and the surrounding estates of Hartfield, Randalls, and Donwell Abbey and involves the relationships among individuals in those locations consisting of \"3 or 4 families in a country village\".", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ The novel was first published in December 1815, with its title page listing a publication date of 1816.", "Emma (novel) __knowledge__ As in her other novels, Austen explores the concerns and difficulties of genteel women living in Georgian–Regency England; she also creates a lively comedy of manners among her characters and depicts issues of marriage, gender, age, and social status.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ Laws regarding incest (i.e.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ sexual activity between family members or close relatives) vary considerably between jurisdictions, and depend on the type of sexual activity and the nature of the family relationship of the parties involved, as well as the age and sex of the parties.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ Besides legal prohibitions, at least some forms of incest are also socially taboo or frowned upon in most cultures around the world.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ Incest laws may involve restrictions on marriage rights, which also vary between jurisdictions.", "Laws regarding incest __knowledge__ When incest involves an adult and a child, it is usually considered to be a form of child sexual abuse.", "Kinship care __knowledge__ Kinship care is the raising of children by grandparents, other extended family members, and adults with whom they have a close family-like relationship such as godparents and close family friends because biological parents are unable to do so for whatever reason.", "Kinship care __knowledge__ Legal custody of a child may or may not be involved, and the child may be related by blood, marriage, or adoption.", "Kinship care __knowledge__ This arrangement is also known as \"kincare\" or \"relative care.\"", "Kinship care __knowledge__ Kinship placement may reduce the number of home placements children experience; allow children to maintain connections to communities, schools, and family members; and increase the likelihood of eventual reunification with birth parents.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This is a list of protagonists and antagonists from British author Anthony Horowitz's \"Alex Rider\" series.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This includes characters from the novels, the film, the graphic novels, and the short stories.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Anthony Sean Howell, more commonly referred to as Ash (his initials), is a major character in \"Snakehead\".", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was born in England and worked for MI6 with his best friend John Rider.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ When John went undercover within Scorpia, Ash was assigned to monitor his progress from a distance in case his friend got into difficulty.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was chosen to lead the mission to \"capture\" John, when he and Yassen Gregorovich were sent to kill a target in Malta.", "Incest __knowledge__ Incest is sexual activity between family members or close relatives.", "Incest __knowledge__ This typically includes sexual activity between people in a consanguineous relationship (blood relations), and sometimes those related by affinity, stepfamily, those related by adoption or marriage, or members of the same clan or lineage.", "Incest __knowledge__ The incest taboo is and has been one of the most widespread of all cultural taboos, both in present and in many past societies.", "Incest __knowledge__ Most modern societies have laws regarding incest or social restrictions on closely consanguineous marriages.", "Incest __knowledge__ In societies where it is illegal, consensual adult incest is seen by some as a victimless crime.", "Immediate family __knowledge__ The immediate family is a defined group of relations, used in rules or laws to determine which members of a person's family are affected by those rules.", "Immediate family __knowledge__ It normally includes a person's parents, spouses, siblings, children.", "Immediate family __knowledge__ It can contain others connected by birth, adoption, marriage, civil partnership, or cohabitation, such as grandparents, great-grandparents, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, aunts, uncles, siblings-in-law, half-siblings, cousins, adopted children and step-parents/step-children, and cohabiting partners.", "Immediate family __knowledge__ The term close relative is used similarly.", "Immediate family __knowledge__ The concept of \"immediate family\" acknowledges that a person has or may feel particular responsibilities towards family members, which may make it difficult to act fairly towards non-family (hence the refusal of many companies to employ immediate family members of current employees), or which call for special allowance to recognise this responsibility (such as compensation on death, or permission to leave work to attend a funeral).", "Foster care __knowledge__ Foster care is a system in which a minor has been placed into a ward, group home, or private home of a state-certified caregiver, referred to as a \"foster parent\".", "Foster care __knowledge__ The placement of the child is normally arranged through the government or a social service agency.", "Foster care __knowledge__ The institution, group home or foster parent is compensated for expenses.", "Foster care __knowledge__ The State, via the family court and child protection services agency, stand \"in loco parentis\" to the minor, making all legal decisions while the foster parent is responsible for the day-to-day care of the minor.", "Foster care __knowledge__ The vast majority of children who would otherwise need foster care are in kinship care, that is, in the care of grandparents or other relatives." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ In the case of the rarest diseases that afflict fewer than 10,000 people, biotech companies who own the only approved drugs to treat those diseases \"can charge pretty much whatever they want\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Little Orphan Annie is a daily American comic strip created by Harold Gray and syndicated by the Tribune Media Services.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The strip took its name from the 1885 poem \"Little Orphant Annie\" by James Whitcomb Riley, and made its debut on August 5, 1924, in the New York \"Daily News\".", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The plot follows the wide-ranging adventures of Annie, her dog Sandy and her benefactor Oliver \"Daddy\" Warbucks.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Secondary characters include Punjab, the Asp and Mr. Am.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The strip attracted adult readers with political commentary that targeted (among other things) organized labor, the New Deal and communism.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Following Gray's death in 1968, several artists drew the strip and, for a time, \"classic\" strips were reruns.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ Spike Freeman is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ He was depicted as the owner of the second team of X-Force and X-Statix, who first appeared in \"X-Force\" vol.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ 1 #117, and was created by Peter Milligan and Mike Allred.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ When U-Go Girl requested to have the Anarchist kicked out of X-Force, the Coach denied her request, stating that the team had a new owner, thirty-four-year-old trillionaire, Spike Freeman.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ After losing X-Force members Bloke and Saint Anna, the Coach visited Spike Freeman, who was taking his anger out on some X-Force merchandise.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ Mr. Freeman claimed that he wanted conflict, war, and internecine bloodletting.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption can be done by a couple or an individual person but children have to be 14 years younger and the adoptive parents can not have been legally incapacitated.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction.", "Parental care in birds __knowledge__ Parental care refers to the level of investment provided by the mother and the father to ensure development and survival of their offspring.", "Parental care in birds __knowledge__ In most birds, parents invest profoundly in their offspring as a mutual effort, making a majority of them socially monogamous for the duration of the breeding season.", "Parental care in birds __knowledge__ This happens regardless of whether there is a paternal uncertainty.", "Parental care in birds __knowledge__ Birds originally branched from theropod dinosaurs and underwent body miniaturization over a 50 million year period.", "Parental care in birds __knowledge__ Changes in anatomy are rearrangement of body mass, adults retain juvenile traits including large brain mass and eyes despite a smaller snout (paedomorphism), and aerial abilities.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ Behavioral ecology, also spelled behavioural ecology, is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behaviors that are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of behavior.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ If an organism has a trait that provides a selective advantage (i.e., has adaptive significance) in its environment, then natural selection favors it.", "Behavioral ecology __knowledge__ Adaptive significance refers to the expression of a trait that affects fitness, measured by an individual's reproductive success.", "Parental investment __knowledge__ Parental investment (PI), in evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology, is any parental expenditure (time, energy, etc.)", "Parental investment __knowledge__ that benefits one offspring at a cost to parents' ability to invest in other components of fitness, and is thus a form of sexual selection.", "Parental investment __knowledge__ Components of fitness include the wellbeing of existing offspring, parents' future sexual reproduction, and inclusive fitness through aid to kin.", "Parental investment __knowledge__ Parental investment may be performed by both the male and female (biparental care), the mother alone (exclusive maternal care) or the father alone (exclusive paternal care).", "Parental investment __knowledge__ Initially introduced in 1930 by the English biologist and statistician Ronald Fisher, parental care is found in a broad range of taxonomic groups, including both ectothermic (invertebrates, fish, amphibians and reptiles), and endothermic (birds and mammals) species.", "Mate desertion __knowledge__ Mate desertion occurs when one or both parents abandon their current offspring, and thereby reduce or stop providing parental care.", "Mate desertion __knowledge__ Often, by deserting, a parent attempts to increase breeding opportunities by seeking out another mate.", "Mate desertion __knowledge__ This form of mating strategy behavior is exhibited in insects, birds and mammals.", "Mate desertion __knowledge__ Typically, males are more likely to desert, but both males and females have been observed to practice mate desertion.", "Mate desertion __knowledge__ Mate desertion involves the decision by an already-mated individual to either continue providing parental care or to desert.", "Mate desertion __knowledge__ In making this decision, a parent must balance investment in terms of current and future reproductive success, choosing the optimal strategy, or one that provides the greatest net benefit towards lifetime reproductive success." ] ]

[ 7, 10, 3, 5, 6 ]

[ "I know, I am one, It has not been easy for my mom. Parenting skills vary, ", "There is a Parent management training. They teach parents positive reinforcement methods", "Not only parents raise their children, There are a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations. Your friend is lucky", "Yes they do. It is hard for children raised in foster care, it is better to have some relatives. " ]

[ "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting" ]

[ "List of orphans and foundlings\nHow many orphans are there?", "Can you list a few examples?", "Are orphans and foundlings the same thing?", "Oh, so orphans aren't voluntarily given up, but foundlings are. Is that correct?", "Can you name any famous orphans or foundlings?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "Nellie Miller-Mann __knowledge__ Nellie Miller Mann (March 27, 1897 – February 2, 1997) was a prominent member of the Mennonite Church and a renowned figure in the Near East Relief, an organization to assist refugees of war and massacre in and around the Middle East.", "Nellie Miller-Mann __knowledge__ During her time in the Near East Relief (now Near East Foundation), Nellie Miller Mann was instrumental in caring for hundreds of Armenian refugees who had survived the Armenian Genocide.", "Nellie Miller-Mann __knowledge__ During her time working with the refugees, Miller Mann wrote and photographed much of what she experienced.", "Nellie Miller-Mann __knowledge__ Her writings and photographs have been recently been published in a book entitled, \"Letters from Syria 1921-1923\".", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Manzanar Children's Village __knowledge__ The Manzanar Children's Village was an orphanage for children of Japanese ancestry incarcerated during World War II as a result of Executive Order 9066, under which President Franklin Roosevelt authorized the forced removal of Japanese Americans from the West Coast of the United States.", "Manzanar Children's Village __knowledge__ Contained within the Manzanar concentration camp in Owens Valley, California, it held a total of 101 orphans from June 1942 to September 1945.", "Manzanar Children's Village __knowledge__ Issued a little over month after Pearl Harbor, on February 19, 1942, Executive Order 9066 authorized military commanders to designate military zones from which \"any or all persons may be excluded.\"", "Orphans International __knowledge__ Orphans International Worldwide (OIWW) is a charitable organization created to house and educate orphans and abandoned children.", "Orphans International __knowledge__ In response to the crisis facing orphaned children around the world, former investment bank employee Jim Luce founded Orphans International in 1999.", "Orphans International __knowledge__ OI's headquarters are in New York City.", "Orphans International __knowledge__ Through its network of small \"homes\" for children, OI provides immediate aid to some of the world's most disadvantaged children.", "Orphans International __knowledge__ OI operates on an annual budget of less than a half-million dollars.", "Orphans International __knowledge__ OI houses and educates children orphaned and abandoned after the 2004 tsunami in Sri Lanka and Indonesia and 2004's Hurricane Jeanne in Haiti.", "Maria Jacobsen __knowledge__ Maria Jacobsen (November 6, 1882 – April 6, 1960) was a Danish missionary and a key witness to the Armenian Genocide.", "Maria Jacobsen __knowledge__ Jacobsen wrote the \"Diaries of a Danish Missionary: Harpoot, 1907–1919\", which according to Armenian Genocide scholar Ara Sarafian, is a \"documentation of the utmost significance\" for research of the Armenian Genocide.", "Maria Jacobsen __knowledge__ For her humanitarian efforts, Jacobsen is known as \"Mayrik\" (Armenian: mother) or \"Mama\" for having saved many Armenians during the Genocide.", "Maria Jacobsen __knowledge__ Maria Jacobsen was born in Denmark in the town of Siim near Ry on 6 November 1882 and as a child, she lived in Horsens with her father Jens Jacobsen and mother Ane Kristine Pedersen.", "Orphan gene __knowledge__ Orphan genes (also called ORFans, especially in microbial literature) are genes without detectable homologues in other lineages.", "Orphan gene __knowledge__ Orphans are a subset of taxonomically-restricted genes (TRGs), which are unique to a specific taxonomic level (e.g.", "Orphan gene __knowledge__ plant-specific).", "Orphan gene __knowledge__ In contrast to non-orphan TRGs, orphans are usually considered unique to a very narrow taxon, generally a species.", "Orphan gene __knowledge__ The classic model of evolution is based on duplication, rearrangement, and mutation of genes with the idea of common descent.", "Orphan gene __knowledge__ Orphan genes differ in that they are lineage-specific with no known history of shared duplication and rearrangement outside of their specific species or clade." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ abs number Stands for absolute.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ Reports the absolute value of its input.and biological reactions Example: 20034#8#4% and true-or-false1 true-or-false2 Reports true if all its inputs report true.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ If more than two inputs are used, and's inputs must be enclosed in parentheses.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ See or and not.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ Examples: Displays the message in an alert box.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ Clicking OK closes the box.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ See question and answer.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ To reposition the default alert box, use the set command.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ The position is in turtle coordinates; [0 0] is the middle of the page.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ The default position is [-200 50].", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ This is the position of the upper, left corner of the alert box.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Otjiherero grammar is the grammar of the Herero language (Otjiherero), a Bantu language spoken primarily in Namibia.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ It includes several hallmarks of Bantu languages such as a large number of noun classes and the use of subject concords.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Otjiherero includes the standard six personal pronouns, twenty-one noun classes for general nouns and three prepositions that can exhibit nominal properties.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Nearly every noun belongs to a noun class.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Nine main noun classes and one rare noun class are present.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Each has a subclass for singular nouns and plural nouns.", "Otjiherero grammar __knowledge__ Each noun class has its own demonstrative, object pronoun, object concord, relative concords, possessive prefix and pronoun.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ Evidence of common descent of living organisms has been discovered by scientists researching in a variety of disciplines over many decades, demonstrating that all life on Earth comes from a single ancestor.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ This forms an important part of the evidence on which evolutionary theory rests, demonstrates that evolution does occur, and illustrates the processes that created Earth's biodiversity.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ It supports the modern evolutionary synthesis—the current scientific theory that explains how and why life changes over time.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ Evolutionary biologists document evidence of common descent, all the way back to the last universal common ancestor, by developing testable predictions, testing hypotheses, and constructing theories that illustrate and describe its causes.", "Worked-example effect __knowledge__ The worked-example effect is a learning effect predicted by cognitive load theory (Sweller, 1988).", "Worked-example effect __knowledge__ Specifically, it refers to the learning effect observed when worked-examples are used as part of instruction, compared to other instructional techniques such as problem-solving (Renkl, 2005) and discovery learning (Mayer, 2004).", "Worked-example effect __knowledge__ According to Sweller: \"The worked example effect is the best known and most widely studied of the cognitive load effects\" (Sweller, 2006, p. 165).", "Worked-example effect __knowledge__ Worked-examples improve learning by reducing cognitive load during skill acquisition, and \"is one of the earliest and probably the best known cognitive load reducing technique\" (Paas et al., 2003).", "List of vacuum tubes __knowledge__ This is a list of vacuum tubes or \"thermionic valves\", and low-pressure gas-filled tubes, or \"discharge tubes\".", "List of vacuum tubes __knowledge__ Before the advent of semiconductor devices, thousands of tube types were used in consumer electronics.", "List of vacuum tubes __knowledge__ Many industrial, military or otherwise professional tubes were also produced.", "List of vacuum tubes __knowledge__ Only a few types are still used today, mainly in high-power, high-frequency applications.", "List of vacuum tubes __knowledge__ Receiving tubes have heaters or filaments intended for direct battery operation, parallel operation off a dedicated winding on a supply transformer, or series string operation on transformer-less sets.", "List of vacuum tubes __knowledge__ High-power RF power tubes are directly heated; the heater voltage must be much smaller than the signal voltage on the grid and is therefore in the 5...25 V range, drawing up to hundreds of amperes from a suitable heater transformer.", "IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 2005 __knowledge__ Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 2005 is the 2005 version of \"Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry\" (which is informally called the Red Book).", "IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 2005 __knowledge__ It is a collection of rules for naming inorganic compounds, as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).", "IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 2005 __knowledge__ The 2005 edition replaces their previous recommendations \"Nomenclature The Red Book of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 1990 (Red Book I)\", and \"where appropriate\" (sic) \"Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry II, IUPAC Recommendations 2000 (Red Book II)\".", "IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 2005 __knowledge__ The recommendations take up over 300 pages and the full text can be downloaded from IUPAC.", "List of flags by design __knowledge__ This is a list of flags, arranged by design, serving as a navigational aid for identifying a given flag.", "List of flags by design __knowledge__ Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples:", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ The history of Poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of Soviet communist dominance imposed after the end of World War II over what had become the Polish People's Republic.", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ These years, while featuring general industrialization and urbanization and many improvements in the standard of living in Poland, were marred by social unrest and severe economic difficulties.", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ Near the end of World War II, the advancing Soviet Red Army pushed out the Nazi German forces from occupied Poland.", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ In February 1945, the Yalta Conference sanctioned the formation of a provisional government of Poland from a compromise coalition, until postwar elections.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ Columbia contains the oldest college in the state of New York and is the fifth chartered institution of higher learning in the United States, making it one of nine colonial colleges founded prior to the Declaration of Independence.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ It was established as King's College by royal charter of George II of Great Britain and renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolutionary War.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ The college has produced numerous distinguished alumni.", "Foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government __knowledge__ The foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government (also referred to as the Modi Doctrine) concerns the policy initiatives made towards other states by the current Modi government after he assumed office as Prime Minister of India on 26 May 2014.", "Foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government __knowledge__ The Ministry of External Affairs, headed by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj (the first woman to hold the office since Indira Gandhi), is responsible for carrying out the foreign policy of India.", "Foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government __knowledge__ Modi's foreign policy is currently focused on improving relations with neighbouring countries in South Asia, engaging the extended neighbourhood in Southeast Asia and the major global powers.", "Quebec __knowledge__ Quebec (, ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.", "Quebec __knowledge__ It is bordered to the west by the province of Ontario and the bodies of water James Bay and Hudson Bay; to the north by Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay; to the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador; and to the south by the province of New Brunswick and the US states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York.", "Quebec __knowledge__ It also shares maritime borders with Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia.", "Quebec __knowledge__ Quebec is Canada's largest province by area and its second-largest administrative division; only the territory of Nunavut is larger.", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ Pope Francis (; ; ; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio; 17 December 1936) is the 266th and current Pope of the Catholic Church, a title he holds \"ex officio\" as Bishop of Rome, and sovereign of Vatican City.", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ He chose Francis as his papal name in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi.", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ Francis is the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first pope from outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the 8th century.", "Pope Francis __knowledge__ Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Bergoglio worked briefly as a chemical technologist and nightclub bouncer before beginning seminary studies.", "World Literature Today __knowledge__ World Literature Today is an American magazine of international literature and culture, published bimonthly at the University of Oklahoma, Norman.", "World Literature Today __knowledge__ The magazine presents essays, poetry, fiction, and book reviews from all over the world in a format accessible to a broad audience.", "World Literature Today __knowledge__ Its mission is to serve as an engaging, informative index to contemporary international literature.", "World Literature Today __knowledge__ It was founded as Books Abroad in 1927 by Roy Temple House, chair of the Department of Modern Languages at the University of Oklahoma.", "World Literature Today __knowledge__ In January 1977, the journal assumed its present name, \"World Literature Today\".", "World Literature Today __knowledge__ The history of \"World Literature Today\" is a story of men and women of letters deeply committed to advancing the cause of literature, art, and culture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was originally an institution for the reception of foundlings, i.e., children who had been abandoned or exposed, and left for the public to find and save.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was not necessarily a medical hospital, but more commonly a children's home, offering shelter and education to foundlings.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ The antecedents of such institutions was the practice of the Catholic Church providing a rough system of relief, children being left (\"jactati\") in marble shells at the church doors, and tended first by the \"matricularii\" or male nurses, and then by the \"nutricarii\" or foster parents.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, commonly known as the Muller Homes, were an orphanage in the district of Ashley Down, in the north of Bristol.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ They were built between 1849 and 1870 by the Prussian evangelist George Müller to show the world that God not only heard, but answered, prayer.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The five Houses held 2,050 children at any one time and some 17,000 passed through their doors before the buildings were sold to Bristol City Council in 1958.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The work of George Müller and his wife with orphans began in 1836 with the preparation of their own home at 6 Wilson Street, Bristol for the accommodation of thirty girls.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Child abandonment is the practice of relinquishing interests and claims over one's offspring in an extralegal way with the intent of never again resuming or reasserting guardianship over them.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Causes include many social and cultural factors as well as mental illness.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ An abandoned child is called a foundling (as opposed to a runaway or an orphan).", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Baby dumping refers to parents abandoning or discarding a child younger than 12 months in a public or private place with the intent of ending their guardianship over them.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ It is also known as rehoming in cases of failed adoptions.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Poverty is often a root cause of child abandonment.", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ In the Noon Universe created by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, the foundlings are a group of 13 humans, who evolved out of the embryos stored in the \"sarcophagus\".", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ The embryos were discovered on December 26, 2137 by Boris Fokin's group of explorers on an unnamed planet in star system EN-9173.", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ These events are described in the novel \"Beetle in the Anthill\".", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ In the late December 2137 an explorer group led by Boris Fokin discovered and obtained a permission to study an artificial underground cave, presumably, built by Wanderers.", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ After entering the cave, Fokin's men discovered a strange machine which they called the \"sarcophagus\" (because of its visual similarity to ancient ritual coffins).", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ A baby hatch or baby box is a place where people (typically mothers) can bring babies, usually newborn, and abandon them anonymously in a safe place to be found and cared for.", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ This kind of arrangement was common in the Middle Ages and in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the device was known as a foundling wheel.", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ Foundling wheels were taken out of use in the late 19th century but a modern form, the baby hatch, began to be introduced again from 1952 and since 2000 has come into use in many countries, notably in Germany, where there are around 100 hatches and in Pakistan where there are more than 300 presently.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "American propaganda during World War II __knowledge__ During active American involvement in World War II (1941–45), propaganda was used to increase support for the war and commitment to an Allied victory.", "American propaganda during World War II __knowledge__ Using a vast array of media, propagandists instigated hatred for the enemy and support for America's allies, urged greater public effort for war production and victory gardens, persuaded people to save some of their material so that more material could be used for the war effort, and sold war bonds.", "American propaganda during World War II __knowledge__ Patriotism became the central theme of advertising throughout the war, as large scale campaigns were launched to sell war bonds, promote efficiency in factories, reduce ugly rumors, and maintain civilian morale.", "Copyright protection for fictional characters __knowledge__ Copyright protection is available to the creators of a range of works including literary, musical, dramatic and artistic works.", "Copyright protection for fictional characters __knowledge__ Recognition of fictional characters as works eligible for copyright protection has come about with the understanding that characters can be separated from the original works they were embodied in and acquire a new life by featuring in subsequent works.", "Copyright protection for fictional characters __knowledge__ In the United States, in order to avail of copyright protection, a work must be original that is, it must involve an element of creativity, and must be fixed in a tangible medium.", "Copyright protection for fictional characters __knowledge__ Further, there can be no copyright in mere ideas and facts, but only in the unique expression of the same.", "Women in the workforce __knowledge__ Women in the workforce earning wages or a salary are part of a modern phenomenon, one that developed at the same time as the growth of paid employment for men, but women have been challenged by inequality in the workforce.", "Women in the workforce __knowledge__ Until modern times, legal and cultural practices , combined with the inertia of longstanding religious and educational conventions, restricted women's entry and participation in the workforce.", "Women in the workforce __knowledge__ Economic dependency upon men, and consequently the poor socio-economic status of women, have had the same impact, particularly as occupations have become professionalized over the 19th and 20th centuries.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Crossover (fiction) __knowledge__ A crossover is the placement of two or more otherwise discrete fictional characters, settings, or universes into the context of a single story.", "Crossover (fiction) __knowledge__ They can arise from legal agreements between the relevant copyright holders, unauthorized efforts by fans or common corporate ownership.", "Crossover (fiction) __knowledge__ Crossovers often occur in an official capacity in order for the intellectual property rights holders to reap the financial reward of combining two or more popular, established properties.", "Crossover (fiction) __knowledge__ In other cases, the crossover can serve to introduce a new concept derivative of an older one.", "Crossover (fiction) __knowledge__ Crossovers generally occur between properties owned by a single holder, but they can, more rarely, involve properties from different holders, provided that the inherent legal obstacles can be overcome.", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was originally an institution for the reception of foundlings, i.e., children who had been abandoned or exposed, and left for the public to find and save.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was not necessarily a medical hospital, but more commonly a children's home, offering shelter and education to foundlings.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ The antecedents of such institutions was the practice of the Catholic Church providing a rough system of relief, children being left (\"jactati\") in marble shells at the church doors, and tended first by the \"matricularii\" or male nurses, and then by the \"nutricarii\" or foster parents.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Child abandonment is the practice of relinquishing interests and claims over one's offspring in an extralegal way with the intent of never again resuming or reasserting guardianship over them.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Causes include many social and cultural factors as well as mental illness.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ An abandoned child is called a foundling (as opposed to a runaway or an orphan).", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Baby dumping refers to parents abandoning or discarding a child younger than 12 months in a public or private place with the intent of ending their guardianship over them.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ It is also known as rehoming in cases of failed adoptions.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Poverty is often a root cause of child abandonment.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, commonly known as the Muller Homes, were an orphanage in the district of Ashley Down, in the north of Bristol.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ They were built between 1849 and 1870 by the Prussian evangelist George Müller to show the world that God not only heard, but answered, prayer.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The five Houses held 2,050 children at any one time and some 17,000 passed through their doors before the buildings were sold to Bristol City Council in 1958.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The work of George Müller and his wife with orphans began in 1836 with the preparation of their own home at 6 Wilson Street, Bristol for the accommodation of thirty girls.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The international adoption of South Korean children was triggered by casualties of the Korean War after 1953.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The initiative was taken by religious organizations in the United States, Australia, and many Western European nations, and eventually developed into various apparatus that sustained adoption as a socially integrated system.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ A 1988 article which was originally in The Progressive and reprinted in Pound Pup Legacy said that fewer than one percent of Korean adoptees adopted now are Amerasian, but most of the Korean adoptees for the decade after the Korean War were Amerasians who were fathered by American soldiers.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ Spanish naming customs are historical traditions for naming children practised in Spain.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ According to these customs, a person's name consists of a given name (simple or composite) followed by two family names (surnames).", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ The first surname is usually the father's first surname, and the second the mother's first surname.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ In recent years, the order of the surnames can be decided at birth.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ Often, the practice is to use one given name and the first surname only (e.g.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ Miguel de Unamuno), with the full name being used in legal, formal, and documentary matters, or for disambiguation when the first surname is very common (e.g.", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ A baby hatch or baby box is a place where people (typically mothers) can bring babies, usually newborn, and abandon them anonymously in a safe place to be found and cared for.", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ This kind of arrangement was common in the Middle Ages and in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the device was known as a foundling wheel.", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ Foundling wheels were taken out of use in the late 19th century but a modern form, the baby hatch, began to be introduced again from 1952 and since 2000 has come into use in many countries, notably in Germany, where there are around 100 hatches and in Pakistan where there are more than 300 presently.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ Chiquititas (literally translated as \"Little Girls\", known in English as Tiny Angels) is a children's musical Argentine telenovela, created and produced by Cris Morena.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ It starred Morena's daughter Romina Yan, and Agustina Cherri.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ The series focuses on a group of orphans living in a manor, known as Rincón de Luz.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ Their lives are gradually touched and changed by Belén, a sweet-hearted, dedicated young woman.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ The story explores their experiences and coming-of-age dramas such as discovering first love, deceptions, sadness, loneliness and friendship, as they form a family altogether.", "Chiquititas __knowledge__ In the fifth season, the show was rebooted with a new setting, new characters and a new story.", "John Spencer (snooker player) __knowledge__ John Spencer (18 September 1935 – 11 July 2006) was an English professional snooker player who won the World Professional title at his first attempt, was the first winner at the Crucible Theatre, was the inaugural winner of the Masters and Irish Masters and was the first player to make a 147 break in competition.", "John Spencer (snooker player) __knowledge__ Spencer was born in Radcliffe, Greater Manchester.", "John Spencer (snooker player) __knowledge__ Spencer started his snooker career at the age of 15.", "John Spencer (snooker player) __knowledge__ Snooker was in decline during his youth, and he did not turn professional until he was 31, when interest in the game started to revive.", "John Spencer (snooker player) __knowledge__ Spencer was runner up to Ray Reardon in the 1964 English Amateur Snooker Championship (the first tournament he ever entered) and lost to Pat Houlihan in the final of the 1965 event.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ The World Snooker Championship is the leading snooker tournament both in terms of prestige and prize money.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ The first championship was held in 1927 and was won by Joe Davis.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ Davis won the first 15 championships before retiring from the event, undefeated, after his 1946 success.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ In the 1950s snooker went into a period of decline and the championship was not held after 1952, although an unofficial championship was held until 1957.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ In 1964 the championship was revived on a challenge basis and in 1969 the championship became a knock-out event again.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ Since 1977 it has been played at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England.", "List of Stuart Little characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters that appear in the novel, films, and other related media that feature the character \"Stuart Little\".", "List of Stuart Little characters __knowledge__ These include the original 1945 \"Stuart Little\" novel by E. B.", "List of Stuart Little characters __knowledge__ White, the 1999 film adaptation of the novel, \"Stuart Little\", the 2002 sequel, \"Stuart Little 2\", the 2003 animated series, \"\", and the 2005 computer-animated direct-to-video sequel, \"\".", "List of Stuart Little characters __knowledge__ Stuart Little (voiced by Michael J.", "List of Stuart Little characters __knowledge__ Fox in the films and by David Kaufman in \"\") is the titular main character.", "List of Stuart Little characters __knowledge__ In the novel, he is presented as a brave, adventurous and courteous white mouse.", "List of Stuart Little characters __knowledge__ Stuart is a member of the human family, The Littles, living in New York City in the year 1945." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was originally an institution for the reception of foundlings, i.e., children who had been abandoned or exposed, and left for the public to find and save.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was not necessarily a medical hospital, but more commonly a children's home, offering shelter and education to foundlings.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ The antecedents of such institutions was the practice of the Catholic Church providing a rough system of relief, children being left (\"jactati\") in marble shells at the church doors, and tended first by the \"matricularii\" or male nurses, and then by the \"nutricarii\" or foster parents.", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, commonly known as the Muller Homes, were an orphanage in the district of Ashley Down, in the north of Bristol.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ They were built between 1849 and 1870 by the Prussian evangelist George Müller to show the world that God not only heard, but answered, prayer.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The five Houses held 2,050 children at any one time and some 17,000 passed through their doors before the buildings were sold to Bristol City Council in 1958.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The work of George Müller and his wife with orphans began in 1836 with the preparation of their own home at 6 Wilson Street, Bristol for the accommodation of thirty girls.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Child abandonment is the practice of relinquishing interests and claims over one's offspring in an extralegal way with the intent of never again resuming or reasserting guardianship over them.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Causes include many social and cultural factors as well as mental illness.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ An abandoned child is called a foundling (as opposed to a runaway or an orphan).", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Baby dumping refers to parents abandoning or discarding a child younger than 12 months in a public or private place with the intent of ending their guardianship over them.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ It is also known as rehoming in cases of failed adoptions.", "Child abandonment __knowledge__ Poverty is often a root cause of child abandonment.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ In the Noon Universe created by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, the foundlings are a group of 13 humans, who evolved out of the embryos stored in the \"sarcophagus\".", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ The embryos were discovered on December 26, 2137 by Boris Fokin's group of explorers on an unnamed planet in star system EN-9173.", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ These events are described in the novel \"Beetle in the Anthill\".", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ In the late December 2137 an explorer group led by Boris Fokin discovered and obtained a permission to study an artificial underground cave, presumably, built by Wanderers.", "Foundlings (Noon Universe) __knowledge__ After entering the cave, Fokin's men discovered a strange machine which they called the \"sarcophagus\" (because of its visual similarity to ancient ritual coffins).", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ A baby hatch or baby box is a place where people (typically mothers) can bring babies, usually newborn, and abandon them anonymously in a safe place to be found and cared for.", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ This kind of arrangement was common in the Middle Ages and in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the device was known as a foundling wheel.", "Baby hatch __knowledge__ Foundling wheels were taken out of use in the late 19th century but a modern form, the baby hatch, began to be introduced again from 1952 and since 2000 has come into use in many countries, notably in Germany, where there are around 100 hatches and in Pakistan where there are more than 300 presently.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ Spanish naming customs are historical traditions for naming children practised in Spain.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ According to these customs, a person's name consists of a given name (simple or composite) followed by two family names (surnames).", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ The first surname is usually the father's first surname, and the second the mother's first surname.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ In recent years, the order of the surnames can be decided at birth.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ Often, the practice is to use one given name and the first surname only (e.g.", "Spanish naming customs __knowledge__ Miguel de Unamuno), with the full name being used in legal, formal, and documentary matters, or for disambiguation when the first surname is very common (e.g.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption can be done by a couple or an individual person but children have to be 14 years younger and the adoptive parents can not have been legally incapacitated.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 5, 5, 0 ]

[ "There are so many! They include world leaders and celebrated writers.", "Not really, but there are so many occupations full of orphans, even fictional characters.", "No, foundlings are a little bit different to that of orphans since they were abandoned and orphans weren't.", "Yes, foundlings are children that were abandoned or exposed.", "Not really, to be honest. I just know the difference between foundlings and orphans, especially with foundling hospitals." ]

[ "List of orphans and foundlings", "List of orphans and foundlings", "List of orphans and foundlings", "List of orphans and foundlings", "List of orphans and foundlings" ]

[ "Tupac Shakur", "I've heard of him. He's dead, right?", "Wow, that's a lot of records. Do you know how long ago he died?", "Why did it make such a splash?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Jerome John Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Although he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ One of its founders, Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career (1965–1995).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects, including the Saunders–Garcia Band (with longtime friend Merl Saunders), the Jerry Garcia Band, Old and in the Way, the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo, Legion of Mary, and the New Riders of the Purple Sage (which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson).", "Timeline of the John F. Kennedy assassination __knowledge__ This article considers the detailed timeline of events before, during, and after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States.", "Timeline of the John F. Kennedy assassination __knowledge__ 10:40 a.m. CST: In Fort Worth, Texas, Kennedy's motorcade departs Hotel Texas for Carswell Air Force Base.", "Timeline of the John F. Kennedy assassination __knowledge__ 11:20 a.m. CST: Air Force One departs Carswell Air Force Base for Dallas, Texas.", "Timeline of the John F. Kennedy assassination __knowledge__ 11:35 a.m. CST: Air Force Two arrives at Love Field in Dallas.", "Timeline of the John F. Kennedy assassination __knowledge__ 11:38 a.m. CST: Air Force One arrives at Love Field in Dallas.", "Timeline of the John F. Kennedy assassination __knowledge__ 11:44 a.m. CST: The Kennedys and Connallys disembark Air Force One and are greeted by the Johnsons.", "Timeline of the John F. Kennedy assassination __knowledge__ 11:55 a.m. CST: The motorcade leaves Love Field for its 10-mile trip through downtown Dallas.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ Orlando Tive \"Baby Lane\" Anderson (August 13, 1974 – May 29, 1998) was a Crips gang member, and a person of interest in the murder of rapper Tupac Shakur.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ Detective Tim Brennan from Compton, California filed an affidavit naming Anderson as a suspect, although fans and others have speculated as to Anderson's involvement in the killing.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ He was never charged with the murder.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ In 2002, \"The Los Angeles Times\" published a two-part series by reporter Chuck Philips titled \"Who Killed Tupac Shakur?\"", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ based on a series that looked into the events leading to the crime.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ The series indicated that \"the shooting was carried out by a Compton gang called the Southside Crips to avenge the beating of one of its members by Shakur a few hours earlier.", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ Marion Hugh \"Suge\" Knight Jr. (; born April 19, 1965) is an American record producer, music executive, and a former replacement player as an American football defensive end for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL).", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and former CEO of Death Row Records.", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ Death Row Records rose to dominate the rap charts after Dr. Dre's breakthrough album \"The Chronic\" in 1992.", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ After several years of chart successes for artists including Tupac Shakur, Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Outlawz and Tha Dogg Pound, Death Row Records stagnated after Knight's incarceration on probation violation charges in September 1996 and went bankrupt in 2006.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ All Eyez on Me is a 2017 American biographical drama film about hip-hop artist Tupac Shakur, directed by Benny Boom and written by Jeremy Haft, Eddie Gonzalez and Steven Bagatourian.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ Titled after Shakur's 1996 fourth studio album of the same title, the film stars Demetrius Shipp Jr. as Shakur with Kat Graham, Lauren Cohan, Hill Harper and Danai Gurira in supporting roles.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ Principal photography began in mid-December 2015 in Atlanta, Georgia.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ \"All Eyez on Me\" premiered on June 14, 2017, in Los Angeles and was released in the United States on June 16, 2017, on what would have been Shakur's 46th birthday.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ Tupac Assassination: Conspiracy or Revenge is a documentary film about the unsolved murder of rapper Tupac Shakur produced by Frank Alexander, a Shakur bodyguard who was with the rapper at the time of the shooting, produced and directed by Richard Bond.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ The film was released October 23, 2007 on DVD.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ The film is a series of interviews with key players and witnesses, as well as what the producer told \"Rolling Stone\" magazine were experts in the fields of law enforcement and rap.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ Suge Knight owed artists over $104 million and Shakur was threatening to take his masters and leave Death Row after the last album, .", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On Saturday September 7, 1996, American hip-hop artist Tupac Shakur was fatally shot in a drive-by shooting in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ He was 25 years old.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ The shooting occurred at 11:15 p.m. Pacific time when the car with Shakur stopped at a red light at East Flamingo Road and Koval Lane.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur was struck by four .40 caliber rounds fired from a Glock: two in the chest, one in the arm, and one in the thigh.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ He died from his wounds six days later from respiratory failure that led to cardiac arrest after the removal of his right lung in the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Shakur attended the Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson boxing match with Suge Knight at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "'03 Bonnie &amp; Clyde __knowledge__ \"03 Bonnie & Clyde\" is a song recorded by American rapper Jay-Z featuring his then-girlfriend, American singer Beyoncé.", "'03 Bonnie &amp; Clyde __knowledge__ It was composed by Shawn Carter, Kanye West, Prince Nelson, Tupac Shakur, Darryl Harper, Ricky Rouse and Tyrone Wrice for Jay-Z's seventh studio album \"\" (2002).", "'03 Bonnie &amp; Clyde __knowledge__ The song was released as the album's lead single on October 10, 2002.", "'03 Bonnie &amp; Clyde __knowledge__ An East Coast hip hop and R&B song, \"'03 Bonnie & Clyde\" sampled its beat, lyrics, and theme from American rapper Tupac Shakur's 1996 song \"Me and My Girlfriend\", and was inspired by the crime film \"Bonnie and Clyde\".", "'03 Bonnie &amp; Clyde __knowledge__ The instrumentation is based on programmed drums, bass instruments, and a flamenco guitar." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band that formed in London in 1975.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, \"Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols\", they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols originally comprised vocalist Johnny Rotten, guitarist Steve Jones, drummer Paul Cook and bassist Glen Matlock.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Matlock was replaced by Sid Vicious in early 1977.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ Unleashed is the third studio album by American rapper Bow Wow.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 19, 2003, by Columbia Records.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Amerie, Baby, Mario and Jagged Edge, with its production handled by Bink!, The Neptunes, Jazze Pha, Swizz Beatz and Lil Jon, among others.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It is Bow Wow's first album without assistance or production from his mentor Jermaine Dupri, and where he dropped the 'Lil' from his stage name after his film debut in \"Like Mike\" (2002).", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ \"Unleashed\" received mixed reviews from critics, who felt that despite the changes in flow, production and lyrics, Bow Wow didn't distinguish himself enough to stand out from other rappers.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Spears's first and second studio albums, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999) and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Title tracks \"...Baby One More Time\" and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" broke international sales records.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen are a British rock band that formed in London in 1970.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Their classic line-up was Freddie Mercury (lead vocals, piano), Brian May (lead guitar, vocals), Roger Taylor (drums, vocals), and John Deacon (bass guitar).", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen's earliest works were influenced by progressive rock, hard rock and heavy metal, but the band gradually ventured into more conventional and radio-friendly works by incorporating further styles, such as arena rock and pop rock, into their music.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in Smile.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Mercury, then known by his birth name, Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara, was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Popular music in the 1990s saw the continuation of teen pop and dance-pop trends which had emerged in the 1970s and 1980s.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Furthermore, hip hop grew and continued to be highly successful in the decade, with the continuation of the genre's golden age.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Aside from rap, reggae, contemporary R&B and urban music in general remained extremely popular throughout the decade; urban music in the late-1980s and 1990s often blended with styles such as soul, funk and jazz, resulting in fusion genres such as new jack swing, neo-soul, hip hop soul and g-funk which were popular.", "1990s in music __knowledge__ Similarly to the 1980s, rock music was also very popular in the 1990s, yet, unlike the new wave and glam metal-dominated scene of the time, grunge, Britpop, industrial rock and other alternative rock music emerged and took over as the most popular of the decade, as well as punk rock, ska punk and nu metal, amongst others, which attained a high level of success at different points throughout the years.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher (; born Cherilyn Sarkisian; May 20, 1946) is an American singer and actress.", "Cher __knowledge__ Sometimes called the Goddess of Pop, she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry.", "Cher __knowledge__ She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment, as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her six-decade-long career.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song \"I Got You Babe\" reached number one on the American and British charts.", "Cher __knowledge__ By the end of 1967, they had sold 40 million records worldwide and had become, according to \"Time\" magazine, rock's \"it\" couple.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ Robert Peter Williams (born 13 February 1974) is an English singer, songwriter and actor.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ He was a member of the pop group Take That from 1990 to 1995 and again from 2009 to 2012.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ He has also had commercial success as a solo artist.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ Williams rose to fame in Take That's first run in the early-to-mid-1990s.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ After many disagreements with the management and group members, Williams left the group in 1995 to launch a solo career, in which all but one of his 11 studio albums have reached number one in the UK.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ Williams also released seven number-one singles.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ On 15 July 2010, he rejoined Take That.", "Robbie Williams __knowledge__ The group's subsequent album \"Progress\" became the second fastest-selling album in UK chart history and the fastest-selling record of the century at the time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "Splash cymbal __knowledge__ In a drum kit, splash cymbals are the smallest accent cymbals.", "Splash cymbal __knowledge__ Splash cymbals and china cymbals are the main types of effects cymbals.", "Splash cymbal __knowledge__ The most common sized splash has a diameter of 10\", followed by 8\".", "Splash cymbal __knowledge__ Most splash cymbals are in the size range of 6\" to 13\", but some splash cymbals are as small as 4\".", "Splash cymbal __knowledge__ Some makers have produced cymbals described as \"splash\" up to 22\", but a splash of 14\" or more is more often described as a crash cymbal.", "Splash cymbal __knowledge__ Splash cymbals include: The original and traditional \"splash\", like many of the cymbal types in a drum kit, was invented and named by Gene Krupa in collaboration with the Avedis Zildjian Company.", "Splash (dinghy) __knowledge__ The Splash Dinghy is 3.5 m in length and all boats are identical, thus, as is typical in One-Design classes, the sailor's ability rather than equipment is emphasised fleet racing.", "Splash (dinghy) __knowledge__ The boats employ an un-stayed mono rig with a sail area of 6.3 m2, which makes the class easy to handle by sailors ranging from 45 to 80 kg.", "Splash (dinghy) __knowledge__ This, combined with the low hull weight of 55 kg, allow the class to serve as a stepping stone between the Optimist Dinghy and boats such as the Laser Radial, suiting Sailors in the age range from 13 to 21 years.", "Splash (dinghy) __knowledge__ Competitions are held at club, national and international level.", "Splash (dinghy) __knowledge__ In New Zealand, UK, Netherlands, Sweden, and many other countries in Europe, the National Splash Associations arrange many events during the season, ranging from the traveller's ranking series, training camps, coaching, national champs, and world selection trials.", "Splash Mountain __knowledge__ Splash Mountain is a log flume dark ride at Disneyland, Tokyo Disneyland, and Magic Kingdom at the Walt Disney World Resort, based on the characters, stories, and songs from the 1946 Disney film \"Song of the South\".", "Splash Mountain __knowledge__ Although there are variations in the story and features between the three locations, each installation begins with a peaceful outdoor float-through that leads to indoor dark ride segments, with a climactic steep drop into a \"briar patch\" followed by an indoor finale.", "Splash Mountain __knowledge__ The drop is .", "Splash Mountain __knowledge__ The plot behind Splash Mountain is a composite of several Uncle Remus stories.", "Splash Mountain __knowledge__ The different versions of Splash Mountain feature similar stories, albeit with small differences.", "Professional wrestling aerial techniques __knowledge__ Aerial techniques are maneuvers, using the ring and its posts and ropes as aids, used in professional wrestling to show off the speed and agility of a wrestler.", "Professional wrestling aerial techniques __knowledge__ These moves are mainly done by smaller, quicker wrestlers who are unable to do most of the power moves.", "Professional wrestling aerial techniques __knowledge__ There is a wide variety of aerial techniques in professional wrestling.", "Professional wrestling aerial techniques __knowledge__ Due to injuries caused by these high risk moves, some promotions have banned the use of some maneuvers.", "Professional wrestling aerial techniques __knowledge__ Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.", "Professional wrestling aerial techniques __knowledge__ The wrestler takes hold of one of the opponent's wrists and twists that arm in an arm wrench.", "Professional wrestling aerial techniques __knowledge__ The wrestler then climbs up the corner turnbuckles and walks on the top rope, before jumping down and striking the opponent's chest, back or the back of their neck.", "Splash screen __knowledge__ A splash screen is a graphical control element consisting of a window containing an image, a logo, and the current version of the software.", "Splash screen __knowledge__ A splash screen usually appears while a game or program is launching.", "Splash screen __knowledge__ A splash page is an introduction page on a website.", "Splash screen __knowledge__ A splash screen may cover the entire screen or web page; or may simply be a rectangle near the center of the screen or page.", "Splash screen __knowledge__ The splash screens of operating systems and some applications that expect to be run in full screen usually cover the entire screen.", "Splash screen __knowledge__ Splash screens are typically used by particularly large applications to notify the user that the program is in the process of loading.", "Splash Works __knowledge__ Splash Works is a water park located within the park boundaries of Canada's Wonderland in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada.", "Splash Works __knowledge__ Entry is free with park admission.", "Splash Works __knowledge__ Splash Works is home to \"Whitewater Bay\", the largest outdoor wave pool in Canada, and is today home to 16 waterslides.", "Splash Works __knowledge__ Splash Works operates during the summer months of June through September.", "Splash Works __knowledge__ The water park opened in 1992 with and it cost the company $6 million CAD.", "Splash Works __knowledge__ It opened with four combo water slides: Body Blast, Whirl Winds, Pipeline and Drop Zone (later renamed Wipeout).", "Splash Works __knowledge__ It also included a lazy river and a kids area, \"Scooby Splash Islands\", with some kiddie slides and a wading pool.", "Splash Kingdom Waterpark __knowledge__ Splash Kingdom Waterpark (formerly known as Pharaoh's Lost Kingdom) is an Egyptian-beach themed water park, trampoline park, and concert venue located in Redlands, California, United States.", "Splash Kingdom Waterpark __knowledge__ Splash Kingdom is the largest water park in the Inland Empire.", "Splash Kingdom Waterpark __knowledge__ The park is known for having the world's tallest enclosed body-flume waterslide, and the world's tallest free-standing water slide tower.", "Splash Kingdom Waterpark __knowledge__ Splash Kingdom also has a Fun Park which includes three race cart tracks, bumper boats, and mini golf.", "Splash Kingdom Waterpark __knowledge__ The park also boasts a concert amphitheater, sports bar, and arcade.", "Splash Kingdom Waterpark __knowledge__ The park opened as Pharaoh's Lost Kingdom in 1996.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, recognizes and archives the history of the best-known and most influential artists, producers, engineers, and other notable figures who have had some major influence on the development of rock and roll.", "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was established on April 20, 1983, by Atlantic Records founder and chairman Ahmet Ertegun.", "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame __knowledge__ In 1986, Cleveland was chosen as the Hall of Fame's permanent home.", "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame __knowledge__ Since opening in September 1995, the \"Rock Hall\" – part of the city's redeveloped North Coast Harbor – has hosted more than 10 million visitors and had a cumulative economic impact estimated at more than $1.8 billion.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ David Robert Jones (8 January 1947 – 10 January 2016), known professionally as David Bowie (), was an English singer, songwriter and actor.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ He was a leading figure in popular music for over five decades, acclaimed by critics and other musicians for his innovative work.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, his music and stagecraft significantly influencing popular music.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ During his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at 140 million albums worldwide, made him one of the world's best-selling music artists.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ In the UK, he was awarded nine platinum album certifications, eleven gold and eight silver, releasing eleven number-one albums.", "Little Richard __knowledge__ Richard Wayne Penniman (born December 5, 1932), known as Little Richard, is an American musician, songwriter, singer, and actor.", "Little Richard __knowledge__ An influential figure in popular music and culture for seven decades, Little Richard's most celebrated work dates from the mid-1950s, when his dynamic music and charismatic showmanship laid the foundation for rock and roll.", "Little Richard __knowledge__ His music also played a key role in the formation of other popular music genres, including soul and funk.", "Little Richard __knowledge__ Little Richard influenced numerous singers and musicians across musical genres from rock to hip hop; his music helped shape rhythm and blues for generations to come, and his performances and headline-making thrust his career right into the mix of American popular music.", "U2 __knowledge__ U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin formed in 1976.", "U2 __knowledge__ The group consists of Bono (lead vocals and rhythm guitar), the Edge (lead guitar, keyboards, and backing vocals), Adam Clayton (bass guitar), and Larry Mullen Jr. (drums and percussion).", "U2 __knowledge__ Initially rooted in post-punk, U2's musical style evolved throughout their career, yet has maintained an anthemic sound built on Bono's expressive vocals and the Edge's effects-based guitar textures.", "U2 __knowledge__ Their lyrics, often embellished with spiritual imagery, focus on personal and sociopolitical themes.", "U2 __knowledge__ Popular for their live performances, the group have staged several ambitious and elaborate tours over their career.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Aerosmith is an American rock band, sometimes referred to as \"the Bad Boys from Boston\" and \"America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band\".", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Their style, which is rooted in blues-based hard rock, has come to also incorporate elements of pop, heavy metal, and rhythm and blues, and has inspired many subsequent rock artists.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ They were formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1970.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Guitarist Joe Perry and bassist Tom Hamilton, originally in a band together called the Jam Band, met up with vocalist/pianist/harmonicist Steven Tyler, drummer Joey Kramer, and guitarist Ray Tabano, and formed Aerosmith.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ In 1971, Tabano was replaced by Brad Whitford, and the band began developing a following in Boston." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 7 ]

[ "tupac shakur was born 1971 and was an american rapper, poet, and actor. are you familiar?", "yes he is currently but he has sold ver 75 mllion records worldwide. hes one of the best selling music artists of all time!", "i want to say somewhere in the 1990s but not exactly sure. but interesting thin he was inducted into the rock and roll hall of fame in his first year of eligibility in 2017. he made quite a splash in this world", "because it was impactful. most of the themes in his songs revolved around violence and hardship in urban cities, racism, and other social issues. people listened when he spoke" ]

[ "Tupac Shakur", "Tupac Shakur", "Tupac Shakur", "Tupac Shakur" ]

[ "Imagine Dragons", "i do like them but my 9 year old daughter adores them", "Wow, i did not hear of them until this year. I didn't even know they were around in 2013. My favorite song is \"Thunder\"" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band's second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015) reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ After a brief hiatus, the band released their third studio album, \"Evolve\" (2017) which resulted in the chart-topping singles, \"Believer\" and \"Thunder\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons has won three American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, one Grammy Award, and one World Music Award." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band's second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015) reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ After a brief hiatus, the band released their third studio album, \"Evolve\" (2017) which resulted in the chart-topping singles, \"Believer\" and \"Thunder\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons has won three American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, one Grammy Award, and one World Music Award.", "Sidu (Malee 3) __knowledge__ Malee 3, also known as Sidu is a 2016 Sri Lankan teledrama and is the third installment in the Malee TV series broadcast on TV Derana.", "Sidu (Malee 3) __knowledge__ It is a sequel to the 2013 teledrama Malee 2 (Aththamma) and follows the story of a 9 year old boy who is abducted by his mother's former foes, and the boy's friendship with a young buddhist monk.", "Sidu (Malee 3) __knowledge__ Sidu is written by Saman Edirimunee and directed by Thilina Boralessa.", "Sidu (Malee 3) __knowledge__ Sidu became a popular teledrama in Sri Lanka within a short time.", "Sidu (Malee 3) __knowledge__ 9 year old Sidu returns to Sri Lanka from England with his father for a brief visit.", "Sidu (Malee 3) __knowledge__ While his mother, Malee and sister are in England, Malee's former foe, and witchcraft practicing uncle, Ukkuwa, uses this opportunity to steal Sidu's wizarding powers, which Sidu is unaware that he has.", "Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat __knowledge__ Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat (c. 1667 – 9 April 1747, London), nicknamed 'the Fox', was a Scottish Jacobite and Chief of Clan Fraser of Lovat, known for his feuding and changes of allegiance.", "Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat __knowledge__ In 1715, he had been a supporter of the House of Hanover, but in 1745 he changed sides and supported the Stuart claim on the crown of the United Kingdom.", "Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat __knowledge__ Lovat was among the Highlanders defeated at the Battle of Culloden and convicted of treason against the Crown, following which he was sentenced to death and subsequently beheaded.", "Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat __knowledge__ He was the last man in Britain to be executed by beheading, although beheading was not formally abolished in UK law until 1973.", "Bobby Southworth __knowledge__ Bobby Southworth (born December 16, 1969) is an American mixed martial artist fighting in the Light-Heavyweight division.", "Bobby Southworth __knowledge__ He has fought in PRIDE FC and appeared on Season 1 of The Ultimate Fighter.", "Bobby Southworth __knowledge__ He was the first Strikeforce Light Heavyweight Champion.", "Bobby Southworth __knowledge__ Southworth's first major exposure in the mixed martial arts world was when he faced Vitor Belfort at PRIDE 13.", "Bobby Southworth __knowledge__ Southworth was overwhelmed by the Brazilian veteran and lost by rear naked choke in the first round.", "Bobby Southworth __knowledge__ Southworth then appeared on Season 1 of The Ultimate Fighter.", "Bobby Southworth __knowledge__ He won his first preliminary fight against Lodune Sincaid, but lost the second versus Stephan Bonnar by split decision.", "Fatehgarh Sahib __knowledge__ Fatehgarh Sahib is a town and a sacred pilgrimage site of Sikhism in the north west Indian state of Punjab.", "Fatehgarh Sahib __knowledge__ It is the headquarters of Fatehgarh Sahib district, located about north of Sirhind.", "Fatehgarh Sahib __knowledge__ Fatehgarh Sahib is named after Fateh Singh, the 7 year old son of Guru Gobind Singh who was seized and buried alive along with his 9 year old brother Zoravar Singh, by the Mughal Army under the orders of commander Wazir Khan during the ongoing Muslim-Sikh war of early 18th century.", "Fatehgarh Sahib __knowledge__ The town experienced major historical events after the martyrdom of the sons in 1705, with repeated change of control between the Sikh and Muslim rulers.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ During the Australian gold rushes, significant numbers of workers (both from other areas within Australia and from overseas) relocated to areas in which gold had been discovered.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ A number of gold finds occurred in Australia prior to 1851, but only the gold found from 1851 onwards created gold rushes.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ This is mainly because, prior to 1851, the colonial government of New South Wales (Victoria did not become a separate colony until 1 July 1851) had suppressed news of gold finds which it believed would reduce the workforce and destabilise the economy.", "Australian gold rushes __knowledge__ After the California gold rush began in 1848, which caused many people to leave Australia for California to look for gold there, the New South Wales government rethought its position, and sought approval from the Colonial Office in England to allow the exploitation of the mineral resources and also offered rewards for the finding of payable gold.", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ Lily Alone is a 2011 novel by best-selling author Jacqueline Wilson and illustrated by Nick Sharratt.", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ It was first published in February of that year.", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ Lily Green, is the eldest child of the Green family.", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ She has two younger half-sisters, (Bliss and Pixie), and one younger half-brother (Baxter).", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ Baxter and Bliss are twins.", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ She often has to take care of them when their mother, Kate Green, goes to the pub, newsagent or off-licence.", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ Although Lily does not usually mind being given the responsibility, she sometimes resents it.", "Lily Alone __knowledge__ When Lily's mother meets Gordon, her new boyfriend, at a local club, Kate is convinced that her life has improved and she feels as if she and Gordon \"\" are on a rollercoaster up to heaven.\"\"", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim Cantor (born August 10, 1969) is an American self-taught surrealism artist and writer.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim was raised in Marin County, California and began painting at the age of 5 using a box of oil paints and brushes that were his great-grandfather's.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim's great-grandfather was the English Artist, Lloyd Dundas Whiffen (1885-1951).", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ His first oil painting was created at the age of 5.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ When Tim was 15, he won a Bank of America achievement in arts award.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Also at the age of 15, Tim was given his first gallery exhibition where one of his paintings was acquired to hang in the White House.", "Tim Cantor __knowledge__ Tim has since had exhibitions in Athens, Tokyo, Singapore, Paris, Venice, New York, Beverly Hills and San Francisco.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ Night Visions is the debut studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ It was released on September 4, 2012, through KIDinaKORNER and Interscope Records.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ The extended track was released on February 12, 2013, adding three more songs.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ Recorded between 2010 and 2012, the album was primarily produced by the band themselves, as well as English hip-hop producer Alex da Kid and Brandon Darner from the American indie rock group The Envy Corps.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ It was mastered by Joe LaPorta.", "Night Visions __knowledge__ According to frontman Dan Reynolds, the album took three years to finish, with six of the album's tracks being previously released on multiple EPs.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Daniel Coulter Reynolds (born July 14, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ He is the lead vocalist for the rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Reynolds also released an EP in 2011, titled \"Egyptian – EP,\" as a duo with Aja Volkman under the moniker Egyptian.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ He is a recipient of the Songwriters Hall of Fame Hal David Starlight Award.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Reynolds was born on July 14, 1987 in Las Vegas, the seventh of nine children born to Christene M. (née Callister) and Ronald Reynolds, a lawyer and author.", "Dan Reynolds (singer) __knowledge__ Both are natives of Nevada, and Reynolds is a 4th generation Nevadan.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"Radioactive\" is a song by American rock band Imagine Dragons for their major-label debut EP \"Continued Silence\" and later on their debut studio album, \"Night Visions\" (2012), as the opening track.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ \"Radioactive\" was first sent to modern rock radio on October 29, 2012, and released to contemporary radio on April 9, 2013.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Radioactive\" is an electronic rock and alternative rock song with elements of dubstep and contains cryptic lyrics about apocalyptic and revolutionist themes.", "Radioactive (Imagine Dragons song) __knowledge__ The song received positive reviews from critics, who praised the production, lyrics, and vocals, calling it a highlight on the album.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Smoke + Mirrors is the second studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album was recorded during 2014 at the band's home studio in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ Self-produced by members of the band along with English hip-hop producer Alexander Grant, known by his moniker Alex da Kid, the album was released by Interscope Records and Grant's KIDinaKORNER label on February 17, 2015, in the United States.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ The album received generally mixed reviews from music critics upon release.", "Smoke + Mirrors __knowledge__ However, it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 in the United States, moving more than 172,000 units, and also debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Canadian Albums Chart.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ Evolve (stylized as ƎVOLVE) is the third studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons, released on June 23, 2017 through KIDinaKORNER and Interscope Records.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ The album is the band's new material follow-up to their second studio album, \"Smoke + Mirrors\".", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ After the release of \"Smoke + Mirrors\" and its respective world tour, a self-imposed hiatus for 2016 and cryptic messages from the band through their social media gained anticipation for their third album.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ The album was finally announced on May 9, with the initiation of the album's pre-order.", "Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) __knowledge__ In comparison to \"Night Visions\" and \"Smoke + Mirrors\", frontman Dan Reynolds explained that the album would be an \"evolution for Imagine Dragons\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band's second studio album \"Smoke + Mirrors\" (2015) reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ After a brief hiatus, the band released their third studio album, \"Evolve\" (2017) which resulted in the chart-topping singles, \"Believer\" and \"Thunder\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons has won three American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, one Grammy Award, and one World Music Award.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ \"Favorite Song\" is a song by American recording artist Colbie Caillat.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ It was written by Caillat and Ryan Tedder, and produced by Tedder and it features American rapper Common.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ The song was released as the third single from her third studio album \"All of You\" (2011).", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ it was released on May 8, 2012.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ Musically, the song is a guitar-driven pop, hip-hop jam, and the lyrics speak about being in love with someone and desiring that the person feels the same.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ The song is a metaphor for wanting to be the object of someone’s affection.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ The song received mixed reviews, some critics commended the track for having a \"summer and island vibe\", but some others dismissed Common's appearance and the chorus.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The Dropkick Murphys are an American Celtic punk band formed in Quincy, Massachusetts, in 1996.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The band was initially signed to independent punk record label Hellcat Records, releasing five albums for the label, and making a name for themselves locally through constant touring and yearly St. Patrick's Day week shows, held in and around Boston.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The 2004 single \"Tessie\" became the band's first mainstream hit and one of their biggest charting singles to date.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The band's final Hellcat release, 2005's \"The Warrior's Code\", included the song \"I'm Shipping Up to Boston\"; the song was featured in the 2006 Academy Award-winning movie \"The Departed\", and went on to become the band's only Platinum-selling single to date, and remains one of their best-known songs.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ Ira Cara Cruz is a multi-awarded Filipino musician, composer and producer.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ He was a founding member of Filipino rock bands Hijo, Bamboo, Introvoys, Passage and Kapatid.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ Introvoys was formed in 1986 by 3rd-G Cristobal, Paco Arespacochaga, and Jonathan Buencamino.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ Their first album was a \"diamond in the rough\".", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ After two singles, Dyna Records, which was the band's label, was ready to drop them like a hot potato.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ However, fate had a different plan.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ \"However Which way\" which was the band's third single shot all the way to No.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ 1 in Metro Manila in just 2 weeks.", "Ira Cruz __knowledge__ After a month, the song became the country's No.", "7 Days of Funk __knowledge__ 7 Days of Funk is the eponymous debut studio album by California-based funk duo 7 Days of Funk (rapper-singer Snoopzilla—better known as Snoop Dogg—and modern-funk musician Dâm-Funk).", "7 Days of Funk __knowledge__ The album was released on December 10, 2013, by Stones Throw Records and is Snoop's first project with a single producer since his landmark 1993 debut album, \"Doggystyle\".", "7 Days of Funk __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place in 2013 at The Compound and at Funkmosphere Lab in Los Angeles, and it was mastered at Bernie Grundman Mastering in Hollywood.", "7 Days of Funk __knowledge__ Guest appearances on the album came from Tha Dogg Pound members Daz Dillinger and Kurupt, along with former Slave frontman Steve Arrington.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ Philip David Charles Collins (born 30 January 1951) is an English drummer, singer-songwriter, record producer and actor.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ He was the drummer and lead singer of the rock band Genesis and is also a solo artist.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ Between 1982 and 1989, Collins scored three UK and seven US number-one singles in his solo career.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ When his work with Genesis, his work with other artists, as well as his solo career is totalled, Collins had more US Top 40 singles than any other artist during the 1980s.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ His most successful singles from the period include \"In the Air Tonight\", \"Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)\", \"One More Night\", \"Sussudio\", \"Two Hearts\" and \"Another Day in Paradise\".", "Slade __knowledge__ Slade are an English rock band from Wolverhampton.", "Slade __knowledge__ They rose to prominence during the glam rock era in the early 1970s, achieving 17 consecutive top 20 hits and six number ones on the UK Singles Chart.", "Slade __knowledge__ The \"British Hit Singles & Albums\" names them as the most successful British group of the 1970s based on sales of singles.", "Slade __knowledge__ They were the first act to have three singles enter the charts at number one; all six of the band's chart-toppers were penned by Noddy Holder and Jim Lea.", "Slade __knowledge__ As of 2006, total UK sales stand at 6,520,171, and their best-selling single, \"Merry Xmas Everybody\", has sold in excess of one million copies.", "Billboard __knowledge__ A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads.", "Billboard __knowledge__ Billboards present large advertisements to passing pedestrians and drivers.", "Billboard __knowledge__ Typically showing witty slogans and distinctive visuals, billboards are highly visible in the top designated market areas.", "Billboard __knowledge__ The largest ordinary-sized billboards are located primarily on major highways, expressways or principal arterials, and command high-density consumer exposure (mostly to vehicular traffic).", "Billboard __knowledge__ These afford greatest visibility due not only to their size, but because they allow creative \"customizing\" through extensions and embellishments.", "Mohamed Aboutrika __knowledge__ Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed Aboutrika (; born 7 November 1978) (Known as El Magico) is a retired Egyptian footballer.", "Mohamed Aboutrika __knowledge__ Aboutrika played as a second striker and as an attacking midfielder for Tersana and El Ahly in Egypt, as well as Baniyas in UAE.", "Mohamed Aboutrika __knowledge__ He is widely regarded as one of the greatest African footballers of all time.", "Mohamed Aboutrika __knowledge__ Mohamed Aboutrika came second in the African Footballer of the Year award in 2008 after Emmanuel Adebayor, and was one of five nominees for the 2006 award, and one of the ten nominated for the 2013 award.", "Mohamed Aboutrika __knowledge__ Aboutrika was chosen Africa Best Player of the Year 4 times in 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2013.", "Highway Beautification Act __knowledge__ In the United States, highway beautification is the subject of the Highway Beautification Act, passed in the Senate on September 16, 1965 and in the U.S. House of Representatives on October 8, 1965, and signed by the President Lyndon B. Johnson on October 22, 1965.", "Highway Beautification Act __knowledge__ This created \"23 USC 131\" or Section 131 of Title 23, United States Code (1965), commonly referred to as \"Title I of the Highway Beautification Act of 1965, as Amended\".", "Highway Beautification Act __knowledge__ The act called for control of outdoor advertising, including removal of certain types of signs, along the nation's growing Interstate Highway System and the existing federal-aid primary highway system.", "Lynsey de Paul __knowledge__ Lynsey de Paul (born Lyndsey Monckton Rubin; 11 June 1948 – 1 October 2014) was an English singer-songwriter.", "Lynsey de Paul __knowledge__ She had chart hits in the UK and Europe in the 1970s, starting with the single \"Sugar Me\".", "Lynsey de Paul __knowledge__ She represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest and then had a successful career as a Ivor Novello Award-winning composer, actress and television celebrity.", "Lynsey de Paul __knowledge__ Lyndsey Monckton Rubin was born to Meta (née de Groot) and Herbert Rubin, a property developer.", "Lynsey de Paul __knowledge__ They were a Jewish family, and had one other child, John (b.1944).", "Lynsey de Paul __knowledge__ De Paul later claimed that she and her brother suffered physical abuse at the hands of their father." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 7 ]

[ "Do you like the American Rock group Imagine Dragons?", "That's hardly surprising, they we're voted top of the billboards in 2013 and 2017. Described as a breakthrough band.", "Thunder is a great song, one of my favourites, too! That song was featured on their 2017 album \"Evolve\"." ]

[ "Imagine Dragons", "Imagine Dragons", "Imagine Dragons" ]

[ "Smartphone\nI have a smartphone but don't know where when, how or why they were made!! I do know how much they cost. You will have to tell me the rest.", "Right you are, but LOL. I had a flip phone before i got this smartphone and it was much better. Just flip it closed and it fit in my pocket. Most pants have a right side pocket that has a flip phone pocket inside of it at the bottom. Useless now!!", "Yes. McDonalds uses it and i like it. I am trying to get the stores i shop at to use Amazon pay so that i can pay with my phone, but there is some resistance on their part. I guess it is because of the extra steps involved, and they are already dealing with many forms of payment. Bitcoin will never make it big!!", "I have so many apps now every time i take a picture it says memory full and it won't let me download any more apps and my battery drains in 5 hours even if i never open the phone. What good is a smartphone again?", "Not if the battery is dead. then i live in constant mortal fear of dropping the thing, i broke 1 screen already and had to buy a new phone. i'm ready to go back to a land line, to tell you the truth. Why don't they just put a cell phone in my laptop? I would be happy with that, but no. they want me to buy a cellphone that has a laptop in it. Just venting, you understand." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Lenovo smartphones are marketed as the \"LePhone\" in Mainland China and the \"IdeaPhone\" overseas.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Motorola Mobility, ZUK Mobile and Medion, divisions of Lenovo, sell smartphones under their own brands.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ As of September 2015, Lenovo is in the process of rebranding most of its phones using the Motorola brandname.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Lenovo has implemented an aggressive strategy to replace Samsung as mainland China's top smartphone manufacturer.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ It spent $793.5 million in Wuhan to build a plant that can produce 30 to 40 million phones per year.", "Lenovo smartphones __knowledge__ Data from Analysys International shows that Lenovo's China smartphone sales experienced considerable growth in 2012.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi Inc. (stylized as Mi) ( , , literally \"millet technology\"; or ) is a Chinese electronics and software company headquartered in Beijing.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi designs, develops, and sells smartphones, mobile apps, laptops and related consumer electronics.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi released its first smartphone in August 2011 and has rapidly gained market share in China to become China's largest smartphone company in 2014.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ As of 2017 Xiaomi is the world's 5th largest smartphone company.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has expanded into developing a wider range of consumer electronics, including a smart home (IoT) device ecosystem.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has 15,000 employees in China, India, Malaysia, Singapore and is expanding to other countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines and South Africa.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo Group Ltd. or Lenovo PC International, often shortened to Lenovo ( ; formerly stylized as lenovo), is a Chinese multinational technology company with headquarters in Beijing, China and Morrisville, North Carolina.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It designs, develops, manufactures and sells personal computers, tablet computers, smartphones, workstations, servers, electronic storage devices, IT management software, and smart televisions.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo is the world's largest personal computer vendor by unit sales since 2013.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It markets the ThinkPad line of notebook computers, IdeaPad, Yoga and Legion and lines of notebook laptops, and the IdeaCentre and ThinkCentre lines of desktops." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "Form factor (mobile phones) __knowledge__ The form factor of a mobile phone is its size, shape, and style, as well as the layout and position of its major components.", "Form factor (mobile phones) __knowledge__ There are three major form factors bar phones, flip phones, and sliders as well as sub-categories of these forms and some atypical forms.", "Form factor (mobile phones) __knowledge__ A bar (also known as a slab, block, candybar) phone takes the shape of a cuboid, usually with rounded corners and/or edges.", "Form factor (mobile phones) __knowledge__ The name is derived from the rough resemblance to a chocolate bar in size and shape.", "Form factor (mobile phones) __knowledge__ This form factor is widely used by a variety of manufacturers, such as Nokia and Sony Ericsson.", "Form factor (mobile phones) __knowledge__ Bar-type smartphones commonly have the screen and keypad on a single face.", "Flip (form) __knowledge__ The flip or clamshell is a form factor of a smartphone or other device which is in two or more sections that fold via a hinge.", "Flip (form) __knowledge__ If the hinge is on a long edge the device is more likely to be called clamshell than flip phone (e.g., Nokia Communicators).", "Flip (form) __knowledge__ When the clamshell is open, the device is up and ready to be used.", "Flip (form) __knowledge__ The interface components are kept inside the clamshell, which offers more surface area than when the device is closed.", "Flip (form) __knowledge__ Interface components such as keys and display are protected when the clamshell is closed, and it is shorter or narrower, making the device easier to carry around.", "Flip (form) __knowledge__ A disadvantage of the clamshell design is the connecting hinge, which is prone to fatigue or failure.", "Windows Mobile __knowledge__ Windows Mobile is a discontinued family of mobile operating systems developed by Microsoft for smartphones and Pocket PCs.", "Windows Mobile __knowledge__ Its origins dated back to Windows CE in 1996, though Windows Mobile itself first appeared in 2000 as \"PocketPC 2000\".", "Windows Mobile __knowledge__ It was renamed \"Windows Mobile\" in 2003, at which point it came in several versions (similar to the desktop versions of Windows) and was aimed at business and enterprise consumers.", "Windows Mobile __knowledge__ By 2007, it was the most popular smartphone software in the U.S., but this popularity faded in the following years.", "Windows Mobile __knowledge__ In February 2010, facing competition from rival OSs including iOS and Android, Microsoft announced Windows Phone to supersede Windows Mobile.", "Pocket dialing __knowledge__ Pocket dialing (also known as pocket calling or butt dialing) refers to the accidental placement of a phone call while a person's mobile phone or cordless phone is in the owner's pocket or handbag.", "Pocket dialing __knowledge__ The recipient of the call typically hears random background noise when answering the phone.", "Pocket dialing __knowledge__ If the caller remains unaware, the recipient will sometimes overhear whatever is happening in the caller's vicinity.", "Pocket dialing __knowledge__ A pocket-dialed call can continue for many minutes, or until the recipient's voice mail system ends the call.", "Pocket dialing __knowledge__ The phrase \"pocket dial\" was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in August 2015.", "Pocket dialing __knowledge__ Modern cellphones come in three configurations: \"flip\" phones, where the phone is physically closed rendering the keys inaccessible, touch phones where a finger or stylus is required to use the controls, and open phones, where keys or buttons are always exposed.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phone is a term typically used as a retronym to describe a class of mobile phone handheld computers.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ These devices have additional functions over and above what is known as the \"basic mobile phone\" or \"dumbphone\" which is only capable of voice calling and text messaging.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phones tend to use a proprietary, custom-designed software and user interface, and lack the capabilities of smartphones.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phones typically provide voice calling and text messaging functionality, in addition to basic multimedia and Internet capabilities, and other services offered by the user's wireless service provider.", "Riley v. California __knowledge__ Riley v. California, is a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously held that the warrantless search and seizure of digital contents of a cell phone during an arrest is unconstitutional.", "Riley v. California __knowledge__ The case arose from a split among state and federal courts over the cell phone search incident to arrest (SITA) doctrine.", "Riley v. California __knowledge__ The Fourth, Fifth, and Seventh Circuits had ruled that officers can search cell phones incident to arrest under various standards.", "Riley v. California __knowledge__ That rule was followed by the Supreme Courts of Georgia, Massachusetts, and California.", "Riley v. California __knowledge__ Other courts in the First Circuit and the Supreme Courts of Florida and Ohio disagreed.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "History of tablet computers __knowledge__ The history of tablet computers and the associated special operating software is an example of pen computing technology, and thus the development of tablets has deep historical roots.", "History of tablet computers __knowledge__ The first patent for a system that recognized handwritten characters by analyzing the handwriting motion was granted in 1914.", "History of tablet computers __knowledge__ The first publicly demonstrated system using a tablet and handwriting recognition instead of a keyboard for working with a modern digital computer dates to 1956.", "History of tablet computers __knowledge__ In addition to many academic and research systems, there were several companies with commercial products in the 1980s: Pencept, Communications Intelligence Corporation, and Linus were among the best known of a crowded field.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 1994 television series \"Spider-Man.\"", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Peter Benjamin Parker (Christopher Daniel Barnes) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ A one-time high school \"science geek\", Peter was the subject of much ridicule, especially at the hands of Flash Thompson.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ After his parents died in a plane crash, Peter lived with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May, who doted and worried endlessly about the reclusive boy suddenly placed in their midst.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ During a class field trip to see a demonstration of Neogenic radiation, carried on by Professor Farley Stillwell, a spider crawled into Stillwell's machine and became irradiated, biting Peter in the hand and granting him the proportionate abilities of a spider, including superhuman strength, durability, stamina, speed, agility, senses and a \"Spider-Sense\" that warned him of imminent danger.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ PCs are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Computer time-sharing models that were typically used with larger, more expensive minicomputer and mainframe systems, to enable them be used by many people at the same time, are not used with PCs.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Early computer owners in the 1960s, invariably institutional or corporate, had to write their own programs to do any useful work with the machines.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ In the 2010s, personal computer users have access to a wide range of commercial software, free software (\"freeware\") and free and open-source software, which are provided in ready-to-run form.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a portable PC, typically with a mobile operating system and LCD touchscreen display processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single thin, flat package.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Tablets, being computers, do what other personal computers do, but lack some I/O capabilities that others have.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Modern tablets largely resemble modern smartphones, the only differences being that tablets are relatively larger than smartphones, with screens or larger, measured diagonally, and may not support access to a cellular network.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ The touchscreen display uses gestures by finger or stylus instead of the mouse, trackpad and keyboard of larger computers.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ The Imperial Roman army are the terrestrial armed forces deployed by the Roman Empire from about 30 BC to 476 AD.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This period is sometimes split into the Principate (30 BC – 284 AD) and Dominate (285–476) periods.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ Under Augustus (ruled 30 BC – 14 AD), the army consisted of \"legions\", eventually \"auxilia\" and also \"numeri\".", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ As all-citizen formations, and symbolic protectors of the dominance of the Italian \"master-nation\", legions enjoyed greater social prestige than the auxilia for much of the Principate.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This was reflected in better pay and benefits.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ In addition, legionaries were equipped with more expensive and protective armour than auxiliaries, notably the \"lorica segmentata\", or laminated-strip armour.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "Amazon Pay __knowledge__ Amazon Pay is an online payments processing service that is owned by Amazon.com, Inc..", "Amazon Pay __knowledge__ Launched in 2007, Amazon Pay uses the consumer base of Amazon.com and focuses on giving users the option to pay with their Amazon accounts on external merchant websites.", "Amazon Pay __knowledge__ As of June 2017 the service is available in U.S.A, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, India and the United Kingdom.", "Amazon Pay __knowledge__ Amazon Pay incorporates a variety of products for buyers and merchants to process online payments.", "Amazon Pay __knowledge__ Amazon Pay provides the option to purchase goods and services from websites and mobile apps using the addresses and payment methods stored in the Amazon account, such as credit cards or direct debit bank account.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and worldwide payment system.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ It is the first decentralized digital currency, as the system works without a central bank or single administrator.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ The network is peer-to-peer and transactions take place between users directly, without an intermediary.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ These transactions are verified by network nodes through the use of cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people under the name Satoshi Nakamoto and released as open-source software in 2009.", "Bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins are created as a reward for a process known as mining.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses cryptography to control its creation and management, rather than relying on central authorities.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ The presumed pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto integrated many existing ideas from the cypherpunk community when creating bitcoin.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Over the course of bitcoin's history, it has undergone rapid growth to become a significant currency both on and offline - from the mid 2010s onward, some businesses on a global scale began accepting bitcoins in addition to standard currencies.", "History of bitcoin __knowledge__ Prior to the release of bitcoin there were a number of digital cash technologies starting with the issuer based ecash protocols of David Chaum and Stefan Brands.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "BitPay __knowledge__ BitPay is a global bitcoin payment service provider headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, United States.", "BitPay __knowledge__ It was founded in May 2011 by Tony Gallippi and Stephen Pair.", "BitPay __knowledge__ BitPay provides bitcoin payment processing services for merchants, and is one of the largest bitcoin payment processors.", "BitPay __knowledge__ In 2014, BitPay started processing US$1 million daily.", "BitPay __knowledge__ In 2014, BitPay announced partnerships with merchants including Microsoft, NewEgg, TigerDirect, and Warner Bros. Records.", "BitPay __knowledge__ In the same year, BitPay also partnered with payment systems operator PayPal as well as merchant acquirers such as Global Payments and Alternet Systems.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ It is commonly referred to with terms like: digital currency, digital cash, virtual currency, electronic currency, digital gold, or cryptocurrency.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ The question whether bitcoin is a currency or not is still disputed.", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Bitcoins have three useful qualities in a currency, according to \"The Economist\" in January 2015: they are \"hard to earn, limited in supply and easy to verify\".", "Economics of bitcoin __knowledge__ Economists define money as a store of value, a medium of exchange, and a unit of account and agree that bitcoin has some way to go to meet all these criteria.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Mobile payment __knowledge__ Mobile payment (also referred to as mobile money, mobile money transfer, and mobile wallet) generally refer to payment services operated under financial regulation and performed from or via a mobile device.", "Mobile payment __knowledge__ Instead of paying with cash, cheque, or credit cards, a consumer can use a mobile to pay for a wide range of services and digital or hard goods.", "Mobile payment __knowledge__ Although the concept of using non-coin-based currency systems has a long history, it is only recently that the technology to support such systems has become widely available.", "Mobile payment __knowledge__ Mobile payment is being adopted all over the world in different ways.", "Mobile payment __knowledge__ In 2008, the combined market for all types of mobile payments was projected to reach more than $600 billion globally by 2013, which would be double the figure as of February, 2011.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi Inc. (stylized as Mi) ( , , literally \"millet technology\"; or ) is a Chinese electronics and software company headquartered in Beijing.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi designs, develops, and sells smartphones, mobile apps, laptops and related consumer electronics.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi released its first smartphone in August 2011 and has rapidly gained market share in China to become China's largest smartphone company in 2014.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ As of 2017 Xiaomi is the world's 5th largest smartphone company.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has expanded into developing a wider range of consumer electronics, including a smart home (IoT) device ecosystem.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has 15,000 employees in China, India, Malaysia, Singapore and is expanding to other countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines and South Africa.", "Verifone __knowledge__ Verifone is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Jose, California that provides technology for electronic payment transactions and value-added services at the point-of-sale.", "Verifone __knowledge__ Verifone sells merchant-operated, consumer-facing and self-service payment systems to the financial, retail, hospitality, petroleum, government and healthcare industries.", "Verifone __knowledge__ The company’s system solutions consist of POS electronic payment devices that run its own operating systems, security and encryption software, and certified payment software, and that are designed for both consumer-facing and unattended environments.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablets, desktops/laptops, or other devices.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS).", "Text messaging __knowledge__ It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages (known as MMS) containing digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons).", "Mobile payments in India __knowledge__ Mobile payments is a mode of payment using mobile phones.", "Mobile payments in India __knowledge__ Instead of using methods like cash, cheque, and credit card, a customer can use a mobile phone to transfer money or to pay for goods and services.", "Mobile payments in India __knowledge__ A customer can transfer money or pay for goods and services by sending an SMS, using a Java application over GPRS, a WAP service, over IVR or other mobile communication technologies.", "Mobile payments in India __knowledge__ In India, this service is bank-led.", "Mobile payments in India __knowledge__ Customers wishing to avail themselves of this service will have to register with banks which provide this service.", "Mobile payments in India __knowledge__ Currently, this service is being offered by several major banks and is expected to grow further.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo Group Ltd. or Lenovo PC International, often shortened to Lenovo ( ; formerly stylized as lenovo), is a Chinese multinational technology company with headquarters in Beijing, China and Morrisville, North Carolina.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It designs, develops, manufactures and sells personal computers, tablet computers, smartphones, workstations, servers, electronic storage devices, IT management software, and smart televisions.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo is the world's largest personal computer vendor by unit sales since 2013.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It markets the ThinkPad line of notebook computers, IdeaPad, Yoga and Legion and lines of notebook laptops, and the IdeaCentre and ThinkCentre lines of desktops." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi Inc. (stylized as Mi) ( , , literally \"millet technology\"; or ) is a Chinese electronics and software company headquartered in Beijing.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi designs, develops, and sells smartphones, mobile apps, laptops and related consumer electronics.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi released its first smartphone in August 2011 and has rapidly gained market share in China to become China's largest smartphone company in 2014.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ As of 2017 Xiaomi is the world's 5th largest smartphone company.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has expanded into developing a wider range of consumer electronics, including a smart home (IoT) device ecosystem.", "Xiaomi __knowledge__ Xiaomi has 15,000 employees in China, India, Malaysia, Singapore and is expanding to other countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines and South Africa.", "Windows 8 __knowledge__ Windows 8 is a personal computer operating system developed by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.", "Windows 8 __knowledge__ Development of Windows 8 started before the release of its predecessor, Windows 7, in 2009.", "Windows 8 __knowledge__ It was announced at CES 2011, and followed by the release of three pre-release versions from September 2011 to May 2012.", "Windows 8 __knowledge__ The operating system was released to manufacturing on August 1, 2012, and was released for general availability on October 26, 2012.", "Windows 8 __knowledge__ Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating systems, including Android and iOS.", "List of Facebook features __knowledge__ Facebook is a social network service website launched on February 4, 2004.", "List of Facebook features __knowledge__ This is a list of software and technology features that can be found on the Facebook website and are available to users of the social media site.", "List of Facebook features __knowledge__ The news feed is the primary system through which users are exposed to content posted on the network.", "List of Facebook features __knowledge__ Using a secret method (initially known as EdgeRank), Facebook selects a handful updates to actually show users every time they visit their feed, out of an average of 1500 updates they can potentially receive.", "List of Facebook features __knowledge__ On September 6, 2006, Ruchi Sanghvi announced a new home page feature called News Feed.", "IOS __knowledge__ iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware.", "IOS __knowledge__ It is the operating system that presently powers many of the company's mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch.", "IOS __knowledge__ It is the second most popular mobile operating system globally after Android.", "IOS __knowledge__ Originally unveiled in 2007 for the iPhone, iOS has been extended to support other Apple devices such as the iPod Touch (September 2007) and the iPad (January 2010).", "IOS __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contains more than 2.2 million iOS applications, 1 million of which are native for iPads.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ Windows 10 is a personal computer operating system developed and released by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ It was released on July 29, 2015.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ It is the first version of Windows that receives ongoing feature updates.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ Devices in enterprise environments can receive these updates at a slower pace, or use long-term support milestones that only receive critical updates, such as security patches, over their ten-year lifespan of extended support.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ Windows 10 introduces what Microsoft described as \"universal apps\"; expanding on Metro-style apps, these apps can be designed to run across multiple Microsoft product families with nearly identical codeincluding PCs, tablets, smartphones, embedded systems, Xbox One, Surface Hub and Mixed Reality.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a portable PC, typically with a mobile operating system and LCD touchscreen display processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single thin, flat package.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Tablets, being computers, do what other personal computers do, but lack some I/O capabilities that others have.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ Modern tablets largely resemble modern smartphones, the only differences being that tablets are relatively larger than smartphones, with screens or larger, measured diagonally, and may not support access to a cellular network.", "Tablet computer __knowledge__ The touchscreen display uses gestures by finger or stylus instead of the mouse, trackpad and keyboard of larger computers.", "Google Chrome __knowledge__ Google Chrome is a freeware web browser developed by Google.", "Google Chrome __knowledge__ It was first released in September 2008, for Microsoft Windows, and was later ported to Linux, macOS, iOS and Android.", "Google Chrome __knowledge__ Google Chrome is also the main component of Chrome OS, where it serves as a platform for running web apps.", "Google Chrome __knowledge__ Google releases the majority of Chrome's source code as the Chromium open-source project.", "Google Chrome __knowledge__ One component that is not open-source is the built-in Adobe Flash Player (that Chrome has disabled by default since September 2016).", "Google Chrome __knowledge__ Chrome used the WebKit layout engine until version 27.", "Google Chrome __knowledge__ As of version 28, all Chrome ports except the iOS port use Blink, a fork of the WebKit engine.", "Mobile security __knowledge__ Mobile security, or more specifically mobile device security, has become increasingly important in mobile computing.", "Mobile security __knowledge__ Of particular concern is the security of personal and business information now stored on smartphones.", "Mobile security __knowledge__ More and more users and businesses use smartphones to communicate, but also to plan and organize their users' work and also private life.", "Mobile security __knowledge__ Within companies, these technologies are causing profound changes in the organization of information systems and therefore they have become the source of new risks.", "Mobile security __knowledge__ Indeed, smartphones collect and compile an increasing amount of sensitive information to which access must be controlled to protect the privacy of the user and the intellectual property of the company." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Modern smartphones have a touchscreen color display with a graphical user interface that covers the front surface and enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type and press onscreen icons to activate \"app\" features.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Mobile payment is now a common theme amongst most smartphones.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Today, smartphones largely fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, GPS navigation, a media player, clock, news, calculator, web browser, handheld video game player, flashlight, compass, an address book, note-taking, digital messaging, an event calendar, etc.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Orange Is the New Black is a comedy-drama series, created by Jenji Kohan and airing on Netflix.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Set in the fictional Litchfield Correctional Facility, a women's Federal prison, it has featured a diverse ensemble of recurring or minor characters - including inmates, prison guards and staff, and non-prison characters.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Many of these characters are expanded upon through a series of flashbacks told over the course of an episode, or over the course of the series.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Many are subsequently upgraded to main characters as their roles are expanded and they feature more prominently in storylines.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Sophia Burset (played by Laverne Cox and M Lamar in flashbacks) – A trans woman, formerly a firefighter named Marcus, Sophia is in prison for credit card fraud, which she used to finance her gender confirmation surgery.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablets, desktops/laptops, or other devices.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS).", "Text messaging __knowledge__ It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages (known as MMS) containing digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons).", "Mobile telephony __knowledge__ Mobile telephony is the provision of telephone services to phones which may move around freely rather than stay fixed in one location.", "Mobile telephony __knowledge__ Mobile phones connect to a terrestrial cellular network of base stations (cell sites), whereas satellite phones connect to orbiting satellites.", "Mobile telephony __knowledge__ Both networks are interconnected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to allow any phone in the world to be dialed.", "Mobile telephony __knowledge__ In 2010 there were estimated to be five billion mobile cellular subscriptions in the world.", "Mobile telephony __knowledge__ According to internal memos, American Telephone & Telegraph discussed developing a wireless phone in 1915, but were afraid that deployment of the technology could undermine its monopoly on wired service in the U.S. Public mobile phone systems were first introduced in the years after the Second World War and made use of technology developed before and during the conflict.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ PCs are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Computer time-sharing models that were typically used with larger, more expensive minicomputer and mainframe systems, to enable them be used by many people at the same time, are not used with PCs.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ Early computer owners in the 1960s, invariably institutional or corporate, had to write their own programs to do any useful work with the machines.", "Personal computer __knowledge__ In the 2010s, personal computer users have access to a wide range of commercial software, free software (\"freeware\") and free and open-source software, which are provided in ready-to-run form.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phone is a term typically used as a retronym to describe a class of mobile phone handheld computers.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ These devices have additional functions over and above what is known as the \"basic mobile phone\" or \"dumbphone\" which is only capable of voice calling and text messaging.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phones tend to use a proprietary, custom-designed software and user interface, and lack the capabilities of smartphones.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phones typically provide voice calling and text messaging functionality, in addition to basic multimedia and Internet capabilities, and other services offered by the user's wireless service provider.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ The IBM Personal Computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ It is IBM model number 5150, and was introduced on August 12, 1981.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ It was created by a team of engineers and designers under the direction of Don Estridge of the IBM Entry Systems Division in Boca Raton, Florida.", "IBM Personal Computer __knowledge__ The generic term \"personal computer\" was in use before 1981, applied as early as 1972 to the Xerox PARC's Alto, but because of the success of the IBM Personal Computer, the term \"PC\" came to mean more specifically a desktop microcomputer compatible with IBM's \"Personal Computer\" branded products." ] ]

[ 2, 8, 5, 1, 9 ]

[ "I don't know actually why they were made, but one of the reasons was likely that they are usually pocket-sized and not as bulky to carry around like a tablet", "A cool thing one can do with a smart phone is use it to pay at a store - it's called Mobile Payment, and is pretty common these days on smartphones!", "In the meantime you could use your smartphone to take pictures with its camera, or surf using its web browser - those apps usually come pre-installed", "It can be used as a handheld personal computer, as well as voice calls and SMS", "Even though smartphones fulfill most people's needs for a telephone, digital camera and video camera, maybe a smartphone isn't for you. I do love mine though!" ]

[ "Smartphone", "Smartphone", "Smartphone", "Smartphone", "Smartphone" ]

[ "Italian cuisine", "How amazing! I'm actually having a shrimp and angel hair dish for dinner tonight! My girlfriend is too good to me honestly...", "I have before, but I wasn't super thrilled about it. Regular old pasta just does it for me. Probably something to do with the carbs...sigh." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ Angel hair or siliceous cotton is a sticky, fibrous substance reported in connection with UFO sightings, or manifestations of the Virgin Mary.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ It has been described as being like a cobweb or a jelly.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ It is named for its similarity to fine hair, or spider webs, and in some cases the substance has been found to be the web threads of migrating spiders.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ Reports of angel hair say that it disintegrates or evaporates within a short time of forming.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ Angel hair is an important aspect of the UFO religion Raëlism, and one theory among ufologists is that it is created from \"ionized air sleeting off an electromagnetic field\" that surrounds a UFO.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Chicken parmigiana __knowledge__ Chicken parmigiana, or chicken parmesan (also referred to colloquially in the United States as 'chicken parm' and in Australia as a 'parmy', 'parmi' or 'parma'), is a popular Italian-American dish.", "Chicken parmigiana __knowledge__ It consists of a breaded chicken breast topped with tomato sauce and mozzarella, parmesan or provolone cheese.", "Chicken parmigiana __knowledge__ A slice of ham or bacon is sometimes added, but not all chefs are in agreement with the addition of pork.", "Chicken parmigiana __knowledge__ It has been speculated that the dish is based on a combination of the Italian melanzane alla Parmigiana, a dish using breaded eggplant slices instead of chicken, along with costelette Parmigiana (the latter generally served without sauce or cheese in Italy).", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ Parmigiana (, ; ; also parmigiana di melanzane , or melanzane alla parmigiana or shortened as Parmy, in Australian English called eggplant parmesan) is an Italian dish made with a shallow or deep-fried sliced eggplant (also called aubergine) filling, layered with cheese and tomato sauce, then baked.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ Parmigiana made with a filling of eggplant is the earliest and still unique Italian version.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ The origin of the dish is claimed by both the Southern regions of Campania and Sicily.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ Other variations found outside Italy may include chicken, veal, or another type of meat cutlet or vegetable filling.", "Parmigiana __knowledge__ The dish consists of sliced eggplant, pan fried in oil, layered with tomato sauce and cheese, and baked in an oven.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Breaded cutlet is a dish made from coating a cutlet of meat with breading or batter and either frying or baking it.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Breaded cutlet is known as schnitzel in German-speaking countries, cotoletta or scaloppine in Italy, escalope in France, \"filete empanado\" in Spain, milanesa in Latin America, katsu in Japan and Korea, and kotlet in Poland.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Chicken fingers or chicken tenders are an American dish prepared by breading and deep frying the pectoralis minor muscle of the chicken, which is the smaller cut of the chicken breast located along its underside, attached to the ribs.", "Breaded cutlet __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (also known as country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish that may have originated with German and Austrian immigrants to Texas in the 19th century.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, and referred to in Italy as Salsa di pomodoro) refers to any of a very large number of sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish (rather than as a condiment).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as sauces for pasta dishes.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high liquid content, very soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ Vincenzo Salvatore Carmelo Francesco Bellini (; 3 November 1801 – 23 September 1835) was an Italian opera composer, who was known for his long-flowing melodic lines for which he was named \"the Swan of Catania\".", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ Many years later, in 1898, Giuseppe Verdi \"praised the broad curves of Bellini's melody: 'there are extremely long melodies as no-one else had ever made before'.\"", "Vincenzo Bellini __knowledge__ A large amount of what is known about Bellini's life and his activities comes from surviving letters—except for a short period—which were written over his lifetime to his friend Francesco Florimo, whom he had met as a fellow student in Naples and with whom he maintained a lifelong friendship.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ \"The Food Wife\" is the fifth episode of the twenty-third season of the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\".", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 13, 2011, and was seen by around 7.5 million people during this broadcast.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ In the episode, Homer feels left out when Marge, Bart, and Lisa join a group of foodies.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ Their personal blog quickly becomes popular and the trio is invited to a molecular gastronomy restaurant.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ Feeling pity toward Homer, Marge invites him along.", "The Food Wife __knowledge__ However, after beginning to worry that he will reclaim his position as the parent perceived as the most fun by the children, she sends him to the wrong address.", "Gluten-free beer __knowledge__ Gluten-free beer is beer made from ingredients that do not contain gluten such as millet, rice, sorghum, buckwheat or corn (maize).", "Gluten-free beer __knowledge__ People who have gluten intolerance (including celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis sufferers) have a reaction to certain proteins in the grains commonly used to make beer, barley and wheat.", "Gluten-free beer __knowledge__ The hordein found in barley and the gliadin found in wheat are types of gluten that can trigger symptoms in sufferers of these diseases.", "Gluten-free beer __knowledge__ Gluten-free beer is part of a gluten-free diet.", "Gluten-free beer __knowledge__ Gluten can be found in many common cereal grains including barley and wheat.", "Gluten-free beer __knowledge__ Even in small quantities, the glutens specifically from barley and wheat (hordein and gliadin respectively) can trigger serious symptoms in those who suffer from Celiac disease.", "Carol Kicinski __knowledge__ Carol Kicinski is a gluten-free advocate, TV chef, magazine founder and editor-in-chief, gluten-free recipe developer, cookbook author, and food writer.", "Carol Kicinski __knowledge__ She is the founder of Simply Gluten Free Omnimedia, Inc. Kicinski is also the founder and editor-in-chief of \"Simply Gluten Free\" magazine.", "Carol Kicinski __knowledge__ She is in her seventh season with monthly episodes as a gluten-free TV chef on \"Daytime\", a nationally syndicated morning television show produced by NBC-based WFLA-Tampa Bay.", "Carol Kicinski __knowledge__ She has been gluten-free for more than 20 years.", "Carol Kicinski __knowledge__ In November 2012, Kicinski launched \"Simply Gluten Free\" magazine, a national lifestyle magazine for gluten and allergen-free living.", "Banana flour __knowledge__ Banana flour is a powder traditionally made of green bananas.", "Banana flour __knowledge__ Historically, banana flour has been used in Africa and Jamaica as a cheaper alternative to wheat flour.", "Banana flour __knowledge__ It is now often used as a gluten free replacement to wheat flours or as a source of resistant starch, which has been promoted by certain dieting trends such as paleo and primal diets and by some recent nutritional research.", "Banana flour __knowledge__ Banana flour, due to the use of green bananas, has a very mild banana flavor raw and, when cooked, it has an earthy non-banana flavor; it also has a texture reminiscent of lighter wheat flours and requires about 25% less volume, making it a good replacement for white and white whole wheat flour.", "Coeliac disease __knowledge__ Coeliac disease, also spelled celiac disease, is a long-term autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the small intestine that occurs in people who are genetically predisposed.", "Coeliac disease __knowledge__ Classic symptoms include gastrointestinal problems such as chronic diarrhoea, abdominal distention, malabsorption, loss of appetite, and among children failure to grow normally.", "Coeliac disease __knowledge__ This often begins between six months and two years of age.", "Coeliac disease __knowledge__ Non-classic symptoms are more common, especially in people older than two years.", "Coeliac disease __knowledge__ There may be mild or absent gastrointestinal symptoms, a wide number of symptoms involving any part of the body, or no obvious symptoms.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ Gluten-related disorders is the umbrella term for all diseases triggered by gluten.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ Gluten-related disorders include celiac disease (CD), non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), gluten ataxia, dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and wheat allergy.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ \"Gluten intolerance\" and \"gluten sensitivity\" are sometimes used as synonyms for gluten-related disorders, though a multi-disciplinary physician-led study, based in part on the 2011 International Coeliac Disease Symposium, concluded that the use of these terms should be avoided due to a lack of specificity.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ Gluten, named from the Latin \"gluten\" meaning \"glue\", is a substance that gives elasticity to dough helping it to rise and to keep its shape.", "Gluten-sensitive enteropathy–associated conditions __knowledge__ Gluten-sensitive enteropathy–associated conditions are comorbidities or complications of gluten-related gastrointestinal distress (that is, gluten-sensitive enteropathy or GSE).", "Gluten-sensitive enteropathy–associated conditions __knowledge__ GSE has key symptoms typically restricted to the bowel and associated tissues; however, there are a wide variety of associated conditions.", "Gluten-sensitive enteropathy–associated conditions __knowledge__ These include bowel disorders (diarrhoea, constipation, irritable bowel), eosinophilic gastroenteritis and increase with coeliac disease (CD) severity.", "Gluten-sensitive enteropathy–associated conditions __knowledge__ With some early onset and a large percentage of late onset disease, other disorders appear prior to the celiac diagnosis or allergic-like responses (IgE or IgA, IgG) markedly increased in GSE." ] ]

[ 11, 48, 16 ]

[ "I love Italian cuisine, I cook many pasta dishes at home such as chicken parmigiana.", "Nice! I'm jealous. Every try gluten free pasta? I wonder how similar it tastes.", "Makes sense. I'd like to try and make my own pasta using dough someday." ]

[ "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine" ]

[ "Cosmetics", "I am not sure about that. But I can see how that might be a trend.", "What are the more popular ones?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics are substances or products used to enhance or alter the appearance or fragrance of the body.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Many cosmetics are designed for use of applying to the face and hair.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ They are generally mixtures of chemical compounds; some being derived from natural sources (such as coconut oil), and some being synthetics.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Common cosmetics include lipstick, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, rouge, skin cleansers and skin lotions, shampoo, hairstyling products (gel, hair spray, etc.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ ), perfume and cologne.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics applied to the face to enhance its appearance are often called make-up or makeup.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as \"intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions\".", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ This broad definition includes any material intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ The FDA specifically excludes soap from this category.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ The word \"cosmetics\" derives from the Greek κοσμητικὴ τέχνη (\"kosmetikē tekhnē\"), meaning \"technique of dress and ornament\", from κοσμητικός (\"kosmētikos\"), \"skilled in ordering or arranging\" and that from κόσμος (\"kosmos\"), meaning amongst others \"order\" and \"ornament\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics are substances or products used to enhance or alter the appearance or fragrance of the body.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Many cosmetics are designed for use of applying to the face and hair.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ They are generally mixtures of chemical compounds; some being derived from natural sources (such as coconut oil), and some being synthetics.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Common cosmetics include lipstick, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, rouge, skin cleansers and skin lotions, shampoo, hairstyling products (gel, hair spray, etc.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ ), perfume and cologne.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics applied to the face to enhance its appearance are often called make-up or makeup.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as \"intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions\".", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ This broad definition includes any material intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ The FDA specifically excludes soap from this category.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ The word \"cosmetics\" derives from the Greek κοσμητικὴ τέχνη (\"kosmetikē tekhnē\"), meaning \"technique of dress and ornament\", from κοσμητικός (\"kosmētikos\"), \"skilled in ordering or arranging\" and that from κόσμος (\"kosmos\"), meaning amongst others \"order\" and \"ornament\".", "Price action trading __knowledge__ The concept of price action trading embodies the analysis of basic price movement as a methodology for financial speculation, as used by many retail traders and often institutionally where algorithmic trading is not employed.", "Price action trading __knowledge__ Since it ignores the fundamental factors of a security and looks primarily at the security's price history — although sometimes it considers values derived from that price history — it is a form of technical analysis.", "Price action trading __knowledge__ What differentiates it from most forms of technical analysis is that its main focus is the relation of a security's current price to its past prices as opposed to values derived from that price history.", "Global cooling __knowledge__ Global cooling was a conjecture during the 1970s of imminent cooling of the Earth's surface and atmosphere culminating in a period of extensive glaciation.", "Global cooling __knowledge__ This hypothesis had some support in the scientific community, and gained temporary popular attention due to a combination of a slight downward trend of temperatures from the 1940s to the early 1970s and press reports that did not accurately reflect the full scope of the scientific climate literature, which showed a larger and faster-growing body of literature projecting future warming due to greenhouse gas emissions.", "Global cooling __knowledge__ The current scientific opinion on climate change is that the Earth has not durably cooled, but underwent global warming throughout the 20th century.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of \"Capital, Volume III\".", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Although not accepted in 20th century mainstream economics, the existence of such a tendency was widely noted throughout the 19th century.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Economists as diverse as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, David Ricardo and Stanley Jevons referred explicitly to the TRPF as an empirical phenomenon that needed to be explained.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ They differed in the reasons they gave for why the TRPF might necessarily occur.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ In his 1857 \"Grundrisse\" manuscript, Karl Marx called the tendency of the rate of profit to fall \"the most important law of political economy\" and sought to give a causal explanation for it, in terms of his theory of capital accumulation.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ The history of cosmetics spans at least 6000 years and is present in almost every society on Earth.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetic body art is argued to have been the earliest form of a ritual in human culture.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ The evidence for this comes in the form of utilised red mineral pigments (red ochre) including crayons associated with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence of cosmetics certainly dates from ancient Egypt and Greece.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ According to one source, early major developments include the use of castor oil in ancient Egypt as a protective balm and skin creams made of beeswax, olive oil, and rosewater described by the Romans.", "Dakota Access Pipeline protests __knowledge__ The Dakota Access Pipeline protests, also known by the hashtag #NODAPL, are grassroots movements that began in early 2016 in reaction to the approved construction of Energy Transfer Partners' Dakota Access Pipeline in the northern United States.", "Dakota Access Pipeline protests __knowledge__ The pipeline was projected to run from the Bakken oil fields in western North Dakota to southern Illinois, crossing beneath the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, as well as under part of Lake Oahe near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.", "Dakota Access Pipeline protests __knowledge__ Many in the Standing Rock tribe considered the pipeline and its intended crossing of the Missouri River to constitute a threat to the region's clean water and to ancient burial grounds.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Cosmetic testing on animals is a type of animal testing used to test the safety and hypoallergenic properties of products for use by humans.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Due to the harm done to the animal subjects, this testing is opposed by animal rights activists and others.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Cosmetic animal testing is banned in the European Union, India, Israel, and Norway.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Using animal testing in the development of cosmetics may involve testing either a finished product or the individual ingredients of a finished product on animals, often rabbits, as well as mice, rats, and other animals.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Cosmetics can be defined as products applied to the body in various ways in order to enhance the body's appearance or to cleanse the body.", "Western cosmetics in the 1970s __knowledge__ Western cosmetics in the 1970s reflected the multiple roles ascribed to the modern woman.", "Western cosmetics in the 1970s __knowledge__ For the first time since 1900, make-up was chosen situationally, rather than in response to monolithic trends.", "Western cosmetics in the 1970s __knowledge__ The era's two primary visions were the feminist-influenced daytime \"natural look\" and the sexualized evening aesthetic presented by European designers and fashion photographers.", "Western cosmetics in the 1970s __knowledge__ In the periphery, punk and glam were also influential.", "Western cosmetics in the 1970s __knowledge__ The struggling cosmetics industry attempted to make a comeback, using new marketing and manufacturing practices.", "Western cosmetics in the 1970s __knowledge__ Though some feminists in the 1970s continued to wear cosmetics, many others did not; Susan Brownmiller, for instance, called an unadorned face \"the honorable new look of feminism\".", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.", "YouTube __knowledge__ The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion; YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.", "YouTube __knowledge__ It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics are substances or products used to enhance or alter the appearance or fragrance of the body.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Many cosmetics are designed for use of applying to the face and hair.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ They are generally mixtures of chemical compounds; some being derived from natural sources (such as coconut oil), and some being synthetics.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Common cosmetics include lipstick, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, rouge, skin cleansers and skin lotions, shampoo, hairstyling products (gel, hair spray, etc.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ ), perfume and cologne.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics applied to the face to enhance its appearance are often called make-up or makeup.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as \"intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions\".", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ This broad definition includes any material intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ The FDA specifically excludes soap from this category.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ The word \"cosmetics\" derives from the Greek κοσμητικὴ τέχνη (\"kosmetikē tekhnē\"), meaning \"technique of dress and ornament\", from κοσμητικός (\"kosmētikos\"), \"skilled in ordering or arranging\" and that from κόσμος (\"kosmos\"), meaning amongst others \"order\" and \"ornament\".", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip hop __knowledge__ Bosnian hip hop is a style of music made in Bosnia and Herzegovina.", "Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip hop __knowledge__ Although quite a new music style in Bosnia, it has nevertheless proven to be very popular.", "Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip hop __knowledge__ The hip hop scene has coalesced around several major portals on the internet.", "Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip hop __knowledge__ The center of hip hop and hip hop culture used to be only Tuzla, primarily thanks to the first radio hip hop show and label called FMJAM and their crew, with the big help of popular rappers Edo Maajka and Frenkie.", "Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip hop __knowledge__ Today, hip hop is more popular than ever before.", "Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip hop __knowledge__ Sarajevo, Tuzla and Mostar are three cities that are the most popular ones today, when it comes to new releases and hip hop happenings and concerts.", "Literary language __knowledge__ A literary language is a register or dialect of a language that is used in literary writing of the language.", "Literary language __knowledge__ This may also include liturgical writing.", "Literary language __knowledge__ A literary variety of a language often gives rise to a standard variety of the language.", "Literary language __knowledge__ The difference between literary and non-literary forms is more marked in some languages than in others.", "Literary language __knowledge__ Where there is a strong divergence, the language is said to exhibit diglossia.", "Literary language __knowledge__ In Latin, Classical Latin was the literary register used in writing from 75 BC to the 3rd century AD, while Vulgar Latin was the common, spoken variety used across the Roman Empire.", "Valga County __knowledge__ Valga County (), or Valgamaa is the first-level administrative unit in Estonia and one of 15 counties of Estonia.", "Valga County __knowledge__ It comprises the former area of Valga District.", "Valga County __knowledge__ The present-day county was created on 1 January 1990.", "Valga County __knowledge__ The capital and the biggest town of Valga County is Valga, followed by Tõrva and Otepää.", "Valga County __knowledge__ It is situated in southern part of the country and borders Põlva County and Võru County to the east, Latvia to the south and to the west, Viljandi County and Tartu County to the north.", "Valga County __knowledge__ 29,944 people live in Valga County (as of 1 January 2015).", "Valga County __knowledge__ Valga County is located in the southern part of Estonia.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Media of Turkey __knowledge__ The media of Turkey includes a wide variety of domestic and foreign periodicals expressing disparate views, and domestic newspapers are extremely competitive.", "Media of Turkey __knowledge__ However, media ownership is concentrated in the hands of a few large private media groups which are typically part of wider conglomerates controlled by wealthy individuals, which limits the views that are presented.", "Media of Turkey __knowledge__ In addition, the companies are willing to use their influence to support their owners' wider business interests, including by trying to maintain friendly relations with the government.", "Media of Turkey __knowledge__ The media exert a strong influence on public opinion.", "Irina Bokova __knowledge__ Irina Georgieva Bokova (; born 12 July 1952) is a Bulgarian politician and the former Director-General of UNESCO.", "Irina Bokova __knowledge__ During her political and diplomatic career in Bulgaria, she served, among others, two terms as a member of the National parliament, and deputy minister of foreign affairs and minister of foreign affairs \"ad interim\" under Prime Minister Zhan Videnov.", "Irina Bokova __knowledge__ She also served as Bulgaria's ambassador to France and to Monaco, and was Bulgaria's Permanent Delegate to UNESCO.", "Irina Bokova __knowledge__ Bokova was also the personal representative of Bulgaria's President to the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (2005–2009).", "Kinomap __knowledge__ Kinomap is a complete end-to-end platform for creating, hosting, sharing and utilizing motion videos for user generated videos.", "Kinomap __knowledge__ Kinomap allows uploading motion videos shot with a GPS camera or a common camera coupledd with GPS track from another device (such as a smartwatch).", "Kinomap __knowledge__ Kinomap platform contains geolocated video shooting (2D, 3D, terrestrial and aero), applications for Smartphone and tablets, data acquisition and integration, dedicated web portals and features like round-tour management, audio and video navigation, video tourism, indoor fitness training etc.", "Kinomap __knowledge__ The maps combine the video with navigation routes, and add physical data (like altitude, elevation, speed, pollution level, three-dimensional acceleration, bearing/direction, radioactivity, temperature and distance covered figures).", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.", "User-generated content __knowledge__ User-generated content (UGC), alternatively known as user-created content (UCC), is any form of content created by users of a system or service and made available publicly on that system.", "User-generated content __knowledge__ UGC most often appears as supplements to online platforms, such as social media websites, and may include such content types as blog posts, wikis, videos, comments or ecommerce.", "User-generated content __knowledge__ The term \"user-generated content\" and concept it refers to entered mainstream usage in the mid-2000s, having arisen in web publishing and new media content production circles.", "User-generated content __knowledge__ The BBC adopted a user-generated content platform for its websites in 2005, and TIME Magazine named \"You\" as the Person of the Year in 2006, referring to the rise in the production of UGC on Web 2.0 platforms.", "Method engineering __knowledge__ Method engineering in the \"field of information systems is the discipline to construct new methods from existing methods\".", "Method engineering __knowledge__ It focuses on \"the design, construction and evaluation of methods, techniques and support tools for information systems development\".", "Method engineering __knowledge__ Furthermore, method engineering \"wants to improve the usefulness of systems development methods by creating an adaptation framework whereby methods are created to match specific organisational situations\".", "Method engineering __knowledge__ The meta-process modeling process is often supported through software tools, called computer aided method engineering (CAME) tools, or MetaCASE tools (Meta-level Computer Assisted Software Engineering tools).", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ Windows XP introduced many features not found in previous versions of Windows.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ With the introduction of Windows XP, the C++ based software-only GDI+ subsystem was introduced to replace certain GDI functions.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ GDI+ adds anti-aliased 2D graphics, textures, floating point coordinates, gradient shading, more complex path management, bicubic filtering, intrinsic support for modern graphics-file formats like JPEG and PNG, and support for composition of affine transformations in the 2D view pipeline.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ GDI+ uses ARGB values to represent color.", "Features new to Windows XP __knowledge__ Use of these features is apparent in Windows XP's user interface (transparent desktop icon labels, drop shadows for icon labels on the desktop, shadows under menus, translucent blue selection rectangle in Windows Explorer, sliding task panes and taskbar buttons), and several of its applications such as Microsoft Paint, Windows Picture and Fax Viewer, \"Photo Printing Wizard\", My Pictures Slideshow screensaver, and their presence in the basic graphics layer greatly simplifies implementations of vector-graphics systems such as Flash or SVG." ] ]

[ 6, 62, 0 ]

[ "Have you noticed the make-up video trends teaching you how to apply cosmetics to enhance your appearance?", "You can search You-Tube and they have so many user-generated videos with amateur make-up artists sharing cosmetic application techniques.", "I don't know too many. However, I've seen Jaclyn Hill and Manny Mua." ]

[ "Cosmetics", "Cosmetics", "Cosmetics" ]

[ "Classical music", "I sometimes listen to a classical music station in my car, but can never figure out what musical instruments are used! It sounds nice though!", "If I remember correctly from music class in high school, there were some pretty awesome composers!", "Yeah, those are some that I remember! Classical music has been around a long time, hasn't it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ The music of Italy ranges across a broad spectrum of opera and instrumental classical music and a body of popular music drawn from both native and imported sources.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Music has traditionally been one of the cultural markers of Italian national and ethnic identity and holds an important position in society and in politics.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Italian innovation in musical scales, harmony, notation, and theatre enabled the development of opera in the late 16th century, and much of modern European classical music, such as the symphony and concerto.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Instrumental and vocal classical music is an iconic part of Italian identity, spanning experimental art music and international fusions to symphonic music and opera.", "History of music __knowledge__ Music is found in every known culture, past and present, varying widely between times and places.", "History of music __knowledge__ Since all people of the world, including the most isolated tribal groups, have a form of music, it may be concluded that music is likely to have been present in the ancestral population prior to the dispersal of humans around the world.", "History of music __knowledge__ Consequently, music may have been in existence for at least 55,000 years and the first music may have been invented in Africa and then evolved to become a fundamental constituent of human life.", "History of music __knowledge__ A culture's music is influenced by all other aspects of that culture, including social and economic organization and experience, climate, and access to technology.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Western canon __knowledge__ The Western canon is the body of books, music, and art that scholars generally accept as the most important and influential in shaping Western culture.", "Western canon __knowledge__ It includes works of fiction, non-fiction, poetry, drama, music, art, sculpture, and architecture generally perceived as being of major artistic merit and representing the high culture of Europe and North America.", "Western canon __knowledge__ University of California philosopher John Searle suggests that the Western canon can be roughly defined as \"a certain Western intellectual tradition that goes from, say, Socrates to Wittgenstein in philosophy, and from Homer to James Joyce in literature\".", "Western culture __knowledge__ Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization, Occidental culture, the Western world, Western society, European civilization, or Judeo-Greco-Christian civilization, is a term used very broadly to refer to a heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems and specific artifacts and technologies that have some origin or association with Europe.", "Western culture __knowledge__ The term also applies beyond Europe, to countries and cultures whose histories are strongly connected to Europe by immigration, colonization, or influence.", "Western culture __knowledge__ For example, \"Western Culture\" includes countries in the Americas and Australasia, whose language and demographic ethnicity majorities are European.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy is considered the birthplace of Western civilization and a cultural superpower.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy has been the starting point of phenomena of international impact such as the Magna Graecia, the Roman Empire, the Roman Catholic Church, the Renaissance, the Risorgimento and the European integration.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ During its history, the nation gave birth to an enormous number of notable people.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Both the internal and external faces of Western culture were born on the Italian peninsula, whether one looks at the history of the Christian faith, civil institutions (such as the Senate), philosophy, law, art, science, or social customs and culture.", "Women in music __knowledge__ Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.", "Women in music __knowledge__ As well, it describes music movements (e.g., women's music, which is music written and performed by women for women), events and genres related to women, women's issues and feminism.", "Women in music __knowledge__ In the 2010s, while women comprise a significant proportion of popular music and classical music singers, and a significant proportion of songwriters (many of them being singer-songwriters), there are few women record producers, rock critics and rock instrumentalists." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Percy Grainger __knowledge__ George Percy Aldridge Grainger (8 July 188220 February 1961) was an Australian-born composer, arranger and pianist.", "Percy Grainger __knowledge__ In the course of a long and innovative career, he played a prominent role in the revival of interest in British folk music in the early years of the 20th century.", "Percy Grainger __knowledge__ He also made many adaptations of other composers' works.", "Percy Grainger __knowledge__ Although much of his work was experimental and unusual, the piece with which he is most generally associated is his piano arrangement of the folk-dance tune \"Country Gardens\".", "Percy Grainger __knowledge__ Grainger left Australia at the age of 13 to attend the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt.", "Percy Grainger __knowledge__ Between 1901 and 1914 he was based in London, where he established himself first as a society pianist and later as a concert performer, composer and collector of original folk melodies.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Live Through This __knowledge__ Live Through This is the second studio album by American alternative rock band Hole.", "Live Through This __knowledge__ It was released by DGC Records on April 12, 1994, just one week after frontwoman Courtney Love's husband, Kurt Cobain, died in their home.", "Live Through This __knowledge__ It was Hole's only album to feature bassist Kristen Pfaff before her death in June 1994.", "Live Through This __knowledge__ Recorded in October 1993, the album marked a divergence from the band's unpolished hardcore aesthetics to more refined melodies and song structure, and features production by Sean Slade and Paul Q. Kolderie, with mixing by Scott Litt and J Mascis.", "Live Through This __knowledge__ The album's lyrics and packaging reflect Love's preoccupation with beauty, and its songs contain repeated motifs of milk, motherhood, anti-elitism, and violence against women.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Piano __knowledge__ The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers.", "Piano __knowledge__ It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings.", "Piano __knowledge__ The word \"piano\" is a shortened form of \"pianoforte\", the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from \"gravicembalo col piano e forte\" and \"fortepiano\".", "Piano __knowledge__ The Italian musical terms \"piano\" and \"forte\" indicate \"soft\" and \"loud\" respectively, in this context referring to the variations in volume (i.e., loudness) produced in response to a pianist's touch or pressure on the keys: the greater the velocity of a key press, the greater the force of the hammer hitting the strings, and the louder the sound of the note produced and the stronger the attack.", "Steinway &amp; Sons __knowledge__ Steinway & Sons, also known as Steinway, () is an American-German piano company, founded in 1853 in Manhattan, New York City, the United States, by German immigrant Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg (later known as Henry E. Steinway).", "Steinway &amp; Sons __knowledge__ The company's growth led to the opening of a factory in Queens, New York City, the United States, and a factory in Hamburg, Germany.", "Steinway &amp; Sons __knowledge__ The factory in Queens supplies the Americas and the factory in Hamburg supplies the rest of the world.", "Steinway &amp; Sons __knowledge__ Steinway has been described as a prominent piano company, known for making pianos of high quality and for inventions within the area of piano development.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Music technology __knowledge__ Music technology is the use of any device, mechanism, machine or tool by a musician or composer to make or perform music; to compose, notate, play back or record songs or pieces; or to analyze or edit music.", "Music technology __knowledge__ The earliest known applications of technology to music was prehistoric peoples' use of a tool to hand-drill holes in bones to make simple flutes.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians developed stringed instruments, such as harps, lyres and lutes, which required making thin strings and some type of peg system for adjusting the pitch of the strings.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians also used wind instruments such as double clarinets and percussion instruments such as cymbals.", "Player piano __knowledge__ A player piano (also known as pianola) is a self-playing piano, containing a pneumatic or electro-mechanical mechanism that operates the piano action via pre-programmed music recorded on perforated paper, or in rare instances, metallic rolls, with more modern implementations using MIDI.", "Player piano __knowledge__ The rise of the player piano grew with the rise of the mass-produced piano for the home in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Player piano __knowledge__ Sales peaked in 1924, then declined as the improvement in phonograph recordings due to electrical recording methods developed in the mid-1920s.", "Player piano __knowledge__ The advent of electrical amplification in home music reproduction via radio in the same period helped cause their eventual decline in popularity, and the stock market crash of 1929 virtually wiped out production." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Women in music __knowledge__ Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.", "Women in music __knowledge__ As well, it describes music movements (e.g., women's music, which is music written and performed by women for women), events and genres related to women, women's issues and feminism.", "Women in music __knowledge__ In the 2010s, while women comprise a significant proportion of popular music and classical music singers, and a significant proportion of songwriters (many of them being singer-songwriters), there are few women record producers, rock critics and rock instrumentalists.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Hindustani classical music __knowledge__ Hindustani classical music () is the traditional music of northern areas of the Indian subcontinent, including the modern states of India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan.", "Hindustani classical music __knowledge__ It may also be called \"North Indian classical music\" or \"Shāstriya Sangīt\".", "Hindustani classical music __knowledge__ Its origins date from the 12th century CE, when it diverged from Carnatic music, the classical tradition of southern parts of the subcontinent.", "Hindustani classical music __knowledge__ Hindustani classical music has strongly influenced Indonesian classical music and Dangdut popular music, especially in instrumentation, melody, and beat.", "Hindustani classical music __knowledge__ Besides vocal music, which is considered to be of primary importance, its main instruments are the sitar and sarod.", "Indian classical music __knowledge__ \"Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures.", "Indian classical music __knowledge__ For other \"classical\" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions.\"", "Indian classical music __knowledge__ Indian classical music is a genre of South Asian music.", "Indian classical music __knowledge__ It has two major traditions: the North Indian classical music tradition is called \"Hindustani\", while the South Indian expression is called \"Carnatic\".", "Indian classical music __knowledge__ These traditions were not distinct till about the 16th century.", "Indian classical music __knowledge__ There on, during the turmoils of Islamic rule period of the Indian subcontinent, the traditions separated and evolved into distinct forms.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Since its inception in 1904, the London Symphony Orchestra has given its own series of concerts.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ In the beginning the Orchestra hired itself out both in London and elsewhere to other musical organisations and festivals, performing a limited number of its own concerts in a series at Queen's Hall in London.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Nowadays it promotes nearly all of its own concerts at the Barbican Centre in London.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Hans Richter accepted the position of Principal Conductor, although he never gave all concerts in a season, sharing his time with the LSO with his position as conductor of the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ 9 June 1904 Hans Richter Wagner: Prelude to Die Meistersinger Bach: Orchestral Suite No.", "Gottfried van Swieten __knowledge__ Gottfried, Freiherr van Swieten (29 October, 1733 in Leiden – 29 March, 1803 in Vienna) was a diplomat, librarian, and government official who served the Austrian Empire during the 18th century.", "Gottfried van Swieten __knowledge__ He was an enthusiastic amateur musician and is best remembered today as the patron of several great composers of the Classical era, including Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven.", "Gottfried van Swieten __knowledge__ Van Swieten was of Dutch birth; he was born in Leiden and grew up there to the age of 11.", "Gottfried van Swieten __knowledge__ His father Gerard van Swieten was a physician who achieved a high reputation for raising standards of scientific research and instruction in the field of medicine.", "Diabelli Variations __knowledge__ The 33 Variations on a waltz by Anton Diabelli, Op.", "Diabelli Variations __knowledge__ 120, commonly known as the Diabelli Variations, is a set of variations for the piano written between 1819 and 1823 by Ludwig van Beethoven on a waltz composed by Anton Diabelli.", "Diabelli Variations __knowledge__ It is often considered to be one of the greatest sets of variations for keyboard along with J. S. Bach's \"Goldberg Variations\".", "Diabelli Variations __knowledge__ The music writer Donald Tovey called it \"the greatest set of variations ever written\".", "Diabelli Variations __knowledge__ The pianist Alfred Brendel has described it as \"the greatest of all piano works\".", "Diabelli Variations __knowledge__ It also comprises, in the words of Hans von Bülow, \"a microcosm of Beethoven's art\".", "Piano concertos by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart wrote 27 original concertos for piano and orchestra.", "Piano concertos by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ These works, many of which Mozart composed for himself to play in the Vienna concert series of 1784–86, held special importance for him.", "Piano concertos by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ For a long time relatively neglected, they are recognised as among his greatest achievements.", "Piano concertos by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ They were championed by Donald Francis Tovey in his \"Essay on the Classical Concerto\" in 1903, and later by Cuthbert Girdlestone and Arthur Hutchings in 1940 (originally published in French) and 1948, respectively.", "Piano concertos by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ Hans Tischler published a structural and thematic analysis of the concertos in 1966, followed by the works by Charles Rosen, and Daniel N. Leeson and Robert Levin.", "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ( ; ; 27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791), baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the classical era.", "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ Born in Salzburg, he showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood.", "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty.", "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ At 17, Mozart was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court, but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position.", "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ While visiting Vienna in 1781, he was dismissed from his Salzburg position.", "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart __knowledge__ He chose to stay in the capital, where he achieved fame but little financial security.", "Ludwig van Beethoven __knowledge__ Ludwig van Beethoven (, ; ; baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist.", "Ludwig van Beethoven __knowledge__ A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers.", "Ludwig van Beethoven __knowledge__ His best-known compositions include 9 symphonies, 5 piano concertos, 1 violin concerto, 32 piano sonatas, 16 string quartets, his great Mass the \"Missa solemnis\", and one opera, \"Fidelio\".", "Ludwig van Beethoven __knowledge__ Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of the Holy Roman Empire, Beethoven displayed his musical talents at an early age and was taught by his father Johann van Beethoven and by composer and conductor Christian Gottlob Neefe.", "Thomas Beecham __knowledge__ Sir Thomas Beecham, 2nd Baronet, CH (29 April 18798 March 1961) was an English conductor and impresario best known for his association with the London Philharmonic and the Royal Philharmonic orchestras.", "Thomas Beecham __knowledge__ He was also closely associated with the Liverpool Philharmonic and Hallé orchestras.", "Thomas Beecham __knowledge__ From the early 20th century until his death, Beecham was a major influence on the musical life of Britain and, according to the BBC, was Britain's first international conductor.", "Thomas Beecham __knowledge__ Born to a rich industrial family, Beecham began his career as a conductor in 1899.", "Thomas Beecham __knowledge__ He used his access to the family fortune to finance opera from the 1910s until the start of the Second World War, staging seasons at Covent Garden, Drury Lane and His Majesty's Theatre with international stars, his own orchestra and a wide repertoire." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "I like to listen to classical music - from the traditions of western culture", "Classical music is usually played on pianos", "Yes Mozart and Beethoven and Bach are some of the more famous ones.", "yes the most precise period is from 1750-1820" ]

[ "Classical music", "Classical music", "Classical music", "Classical music" ]

[ "NASA\nMy roommate in college majored in aerospace engineering and quite literally works for NASA now. How do you feel about the organization?", "Indeed it is. That why the President has such oversight of the organization and its budget.", "Neither did I. It is amazing to think that in just 11 short years NASA was able to put a man on the moon.", "Since I can and have view the US flag planted on the moon with a telescope from earth, I am going with a solid no.", "That would be neat. I would love to go to the space and aeronautics museum in DC and check out the history of the space program." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.", "NASA __knowledge__ President Dwight D. Eisenhower established NASA in 1958 with a distinctly civilian (rather than military) orientation encouraging peaceful applications in space science.", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Act was passed on July 29, 1958, disestablishing NASA's predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).", "NASA __knowledge__ The new agency became operational on October 1, 1958.", "NASA __knowledge__ Since that time, most US space exploration efforts have been led by NASA, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle.", "NASA __knowledge__ Currently, NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, the Space Launch System and Commercial Crew vehicles.", "NASA __knowledge__ The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program (LSP) which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for unmanned NASA launches.", "NASA __knowledge__ NASA science is focused on better understanding Earth through the Earth Observing System, advancing heliophysics through the efforts of the Science Mission Directorate's Heliophysics Research Program, exploring bodies throughout the Solar System with advanced robotic spacecraft missions such as \"New Horizons\", and researching astrophysics topics, such as the Big Bang, through the Great Observatories and associated programs.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut, engineer, and the first person to walk on the Moon.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ He was also an aerospace engineer, naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ Before becoming an astronaut, Armstrong was an officer in the U.S. Navy and served in the Korean War.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ After the war, he earned his bachelor's degree at Purdue University and served as a test pilot at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) High-Speed Flight Station, where he logged over 900 flights.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ He later completed graduate studies at the University of Southern California.", "Aerospace engineering __knowledge__ Aerospace engineering is the primary field of engineering concerned with the development of aircraft and spacecraft.", "Aerospace engineering __knowledge__ It has two major and overlapping branches: Aeronautical engineering and Astronautical Engineering.", "Aerospace engineering __knowledge__ Avionics engineering is similar, but deals with the electronics side of aerospace engineering.", "Aerospace engineering __knowledge__ Aeronautical engineering was the original term for the field.", "Aerospace engineering __knowledge__ As flight technology advanced to include craft operating in outer space (astronautics), the broader term \"aerospace engineering\" has come into common use.", "Aerospace engineering __knowledge__ Aerospace engineering, particularly the astronautics branch, is often colloquially referred to as \"rocket science\".", "B612 Foundation __knowledge__ The B612 Foundation is a private nonprofit foundation headquartered in Mill Valley, California, United States, dedicated to planetary defense against asteroids and other near-Earth object (NEO) impacts.", "B612 Foundation __knowledge__ It is led mainly by scientists, former astronauts and engineers from the Institute for Advanced Study, Southwest Research Institute, Stanford University, NASA and the space industry.", "B612 Foundation __knowledge__ As a non-governmental organization it has conducted two lines of related research to help detect NEOs that could one day strike the Earth, and find the technological means to divert their path to avoid such collisions.", "Michael D. Griffin __knowledge__ Michael Douglas Griffin (born November 1, 1949) is an American physicist and aerospace engineer.", "Michael D. Griffin __knowledge__ He served as Administrator of NASA, the U.S. space agency, from April 13, 2005, to January 20, 2009.", "Michael D. Griffin __knowledge__ As NASA Administrator Griffin oversaw such areas as the future of human spaceflight, the fate of the Hubble telescope and NASA's role in understanding climate change.", "Michael D. Griffin __knowledge__ In April 2009 Griffin, who has an academic background, was named eminent scholar and a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at the University of Alabama in Huntsville.", "Michael D. Griffin __knowledge__ Griffin had worked at NASA prior to serving as NASA Administrator, including as Associate Administrator for Exploration.", "List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program __knowledge__ This is a list of notable Puerto Rican scientists involved in the United States Space Program, also known as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and their contributions to said program.", "List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program __knowledge__ This list is not limited to Puerto Ricans born in Puerto Rico, it also includes people of Puerto Rican descent born elsewhere.", "List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program __knowledge__ According to an article written by Margarita Santori Lopez for the official newspaper of the University of Puerto Rico's Mayagüez Campus, \"Prensa RUM\", as of 2003, of the 114 Hispanics working at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, 70 were Puerto Ricans or of Puerto Rican descent.", "List of aerospace engineering schools __knowledge__ Aerospace (or aeronautical) engineering can be studied at the bachelors, masters and Ph.D. levels in aerospace engineering departments at many universities, and in mechanical engineering departments at others.", "List of aerospace engineering schools __knowledge__ Institution names are followed by accreditation where applicable.", "List of aerospace engineering schools __knowledge__ The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) accredits 2 institutions in Turkey while the others are in United States of America.", "List of aerospace engineering schools __knowledge__ Only Institution which is Approved by Civil Aviation of Bangladesh In Brazil the B.Sc, M.Sc and PhD degrees in Aerospace Engineering are offered by universities like: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC at Joinville campus, Universidade Federal do ABC – UFABC at Sao Bernardo do Campo campus, Universidade de São Paulo – USP at São Carlos campus, Instituto Tecnologico de Aeronautica – ITA, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG and Universidade de Brasília - UnB at Gama campus.", "Imam Hossein University __knowledge__ The Imam Hossein Comprehensive University (also referred to as IHU or the Imam Hossein University, in Persian: \"دانشگاه امام حسین\" Dāneshgāh-e Emām Hossein') is a public university located in Tehran, Iran.", "Imam Hossein University __knowledge__ The university was opened in 1986, and is located in Babayi Expressway near Tehranpars and Hakimiyeh in northeastern Tehran.", "Imam Hossein University __knowledge__ The university is affiliated with IRGC, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (Iran), and Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran).", "Imam Hossein University __knowledge__ It is sometimes referred to as \"IHU\".", "Imam Hossein University __knowledge__ The university's official title is the \"Imam Hossein Comprehensive University\" (Persian: \"دانشگاه جامع امام حسین\" Dāneshgāh-e Jām-e Emām Hossein)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.", "NASA __knowledge__ President Dwight D. Eisenhower established NASA in 1958 with a distinctly civilian (rather than military) orientation encouraging peaceful applications in space science.", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Act was passed on July 29, 1958, disestablishing NASA's predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).", "NASA __knowledge__ The new agency became operational on October 1, 1958.", "NASA __knowledge__ Since that time, most US space exploration efforts have been led by NASA, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle.", "NASA __knowledge__ Currently, NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, the Space Launch System and Commercial Crew vehicles.", "NASA __knowledge__ The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program (LSP) which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for unmanned NASA launches.", "NASA __knowledge__ NASA science is focused on better understanding Earth through the Earth Observing System, advancing heliophysics through the efforts of the Science Mission Directorate's Heliophysics Research Program, exploring bodies throughout the Solar System with advanced robotic spacecraft missions such as \"New Horizons\", and researching astrophysics topics, such as the Big Bang, through the Great Observatories and associated programs.", "United States Intelligence Community Oversight __knowledge__ United States Intelligence Community Oversight duties are shared by both the executive and legislative branches of the government.", "United States Intelligence Community Oversight __knowledge__ Oversight, in this case, is the supervision of intelligence agencies, and making them accountable for their actions.", "United States Intelligence Community Oversight __knowledge__ Generally oversight bodies look at the following general issues: following policymaker needs, the quality of analysis, operations, and legality of actions.", "United States Intelligence Community Oversight __knowledge__ Congress’s oversight responsibilities over the IC often overlap with the responsibilities and authorities of the executive branch.", "United States Intelligence Community Oversight __knowledge__ Given the natural competition that exists between the legislative and executive branches, this overlap creates tensions as both sides struggle to accomplish certain goals using their respective powers and authorities.", "Central Intelligence Agency __knowledge__ The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT).", "Central Intelligence Agency __knowledge__ As one of the principal members of the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC), the CIA reports to the Director of National Intelligence and is primarily focused on providing intelligence for the President and Cabinet.", "Central Intelligence Agency __knowledge__ Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a domestic security service, the CIA has no law enforcement function and is mainly focused on overseas intelligence gathering, with only limited domestic intelligence collection.", "United States Congress __knowledge__ The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives.", "United States Congress __knowledge__ The Congress meets in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.", "United States Congress __knowledge__ Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment.", "United States Congress __knowledge__ Congress has 535 voting members: 435 Representatives and 100 Senators.", "United States Congress __knowledge__ The House of Representatives has six non-voting members representing Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Washington, D.C. in addition to its 435 voting members.", "Congressional oversight __knowledge__ Congressional oversight is oversight by the United States Congress over the Executive Branch, including the numerous U.S. federal agencies.", "Congressional oversight __knowledge__ Congressional oversight includes the review, monitoring, and supervision of federal agencies, programs, activities, and policy implementation.", "Congressional oversight __knowledge__ Congress exercises this power largely through its congressional committee system.", "Congressional oversight __knowledge__ However, oversight, which dates to the earliest days of the Republic, also occurs in a wide variety of congressional activities and contexts.", "Congressional oversight __knowledge__ These include authorization, appropriations, investigative, and legislative hearings by standing committees; specialized investigations by select committees; and reviews and studies by congressional support agencies and staff.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the \"Freedom on the Net\" reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the \"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices\" from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Puerto Rican government-debt crisis __knowledge__ The Puerto Rican government-debt crisis is a financial crisis affecting the government of Puerto Rico.", "Puerto Rican government-debt crisis __knowledge__ After decades of mismanagement, the government's outstanding debt exceeds $70 billion (in addition to $50 billion in pension obligations).", "Puerto Rican government-debt crisis __knowledge__ These debts increased the government's debt-to-GDP ratio to about 68%, which forced it to cut spending, increase tax revenue, and attempt to spark economic growth so that its obligations could be better funded.", "Puerto Rican government-debt crisis __knowledge__ Despite drastic measures, the debt crisis continues as the Puerto Rican economy's health is precarious and aggravated by social distrust and unpleasantness.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The New York Gold Exchange was an exchange formed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War for the purpose of creating an open market for transactions involving gold and the government-created paper currency, the greenback.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Established in 1862, it closed in 1897.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was established in 1862 in a basement on New Street.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was created during the American Civil War, when the Union issued paper money to fund the war effort.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Gold trading was initially banned at the New York Stock Exchange, which viewed the practice as unpatriotic speculation in wartime.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ This was because Confederate victories resulted in an increase in the price of gold relative to the greenback dollar, causing gold traders to sing \"Dixie\" in the Exchange when they received news of a Confederate victory.", "Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation __knowledge__ Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, 551 U.S. 587 (2007), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court which ruled that taxpayers do not have the right to challenge the constitutionality of expenditures by the executive branch of the government.", "Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation __knowledge__ The issue was whether taxpayers have the right to challenge the existence of the White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives.", "Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation __knowledge__ The case centered on three Supreme Court precedents: \"Flast v. Cohen\", , \"Bowen v. Kendrick\", , and \"Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State\", .", "Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation __knowledge__ In a 5-4 vote the Supreme Court ruled that the Foundation did not have standing to sue and ordered the Appeals court finding reversed.", "Unitary executive theory __knowledge__ The unitary executive theory is a theory of American constitutional law holding that the President possesses the power to control the entire executive branch.", "Unitary executive theory __knowledge__ The doctrine is rooted in Article Two of the United States Constitution, which vests \"the executive power\" of the United States in the President.", "Unitary executive theory __knowledge__ Although that general principle is widely accepted, there is disagreement about the strength and scope of the doctrine.", "Unitary executive theory __knowledge__ It can be said that some favor a \"strongly unitary\" executive, while others favor a \"weakly unitary\" executive.", "Unitary executive theory __knowledge__ The former group argue, for example, that Congress's power to interfere with intra-executive decision-making (such as firing executive branch officials) is limited, and that the President can control policy-making by all executive agencies within the limits set for those agencies by Congress.", "Federalist No. 70 __knowledge__ Federalist No.", "Federalist No. 70 __knowledge__ 70, titled “The Executive Department Further Considered,” is an essay written by Alexander Hamilton arguing for the unitary executive provided for in the United States Constitution.", "Federalist No. 70 __knowledge__ It was originally published on March 15, 1788 in The New York Packet under the pseudonym Publius as part of \"The Federalist Papers\" and as the fourth in Hamilton’s series of eleven essays discussing executive power.", "Federalist No. 70 __knowledge__ Hamilton argues that unity in the executive branch is a main ingredient for both energy and safety.", "Federalist No. 70 __knowledge__ Energy arises from the proceedings of a single person, characterized by, \"decision, activity, secrecy, and dispatch,\" while safety arises from the unitary executive’s unconcealed accountability to the people.", "Governor of Kentucky __knowledge__ The Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky is the head of the executive branch of government in the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Governor of Kentucky __knowledge__ Fifty-seven men and one woman have served as Governor of Kentucky.", "Governor of Kentucky __knowledge__ The governor's term is four years in length; since 1992, incumbents have been able to seek re-election once before becoming ineligible for four years.", "Governor of Kentucky __knowledge__ Throughout the state's history, four men have served two non-consecutive terms as governor, and two others have served two consecutive terms.", "Governor of Kentucky __knowledge__ Kentucky is one of only five U.S. states that hold gubernatorial elections in odd-numbered years immediately before the United States Presidential Election.", "President of the United States __knowledge__ The President of the United States (abbreviated as POTUS ()) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.", "President of the United States __knowledge__ The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.", "President of the United States __knowledge__ In contemporary times, the president is looked upon as the world's most powerful political figure and as the leader of the only current global superpower.", "President of the United States __knowledge__ The role includes responsibility for the world's most expensive military that has the second largest nuclear arsenal.", "President of the United States __knowledge__ The president also leads the nation with the largest economy by nominal GDP." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.", "NASA __knowledge__ President Dwight D. Eisenhower established NASA in 1958 with a distinctly civilian (rather than military) orientation encouraging peaceful applications in space science.", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Act was passed on July 29, 1958, disestablishing NASA's predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).", "NASA __knowledge__ The new agency became operational on October 1, 1958.", "NASA __knowledge__ Since that time, most US space exploration efforts have been led by NASA, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle.", "NASA __knowledge__ Currently, NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, the Space Launch System and Commercial Crew vehicles.", "NASA __knowledge__ The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program (LSP) which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for unmanned NASA launches.", "NASA __knowledge__ NASA science is focused on better understanding Earth through the Earth Observing System, advancing heliophysics through the efforts of the Science Mission Directorate's Heliophysics Research Program, exploring bodies throughout the Solar System with advanced robotic spacecraft missions such as \"New Horizons\", and researching astrophysics topics, such as the Big Bang, through the Great Observatories and associated programs.", "Moon landing conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Moon landing conspiracy theories claim that some or all elements of the Apollo program and the associated Moon landings were hoaxes staged by NASA, possibly with the aid of other organizations.", "Moon landing conspiracy theories __knowledge__ The most notable claim is that the six manned landings (1969–72) were faked and that 12 Apollo astronauts did not actually walk on the Moon.", "Moon landing conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Various groups and individuals have made claims since the mid-1970s, that NASA and others knowingly misled the public into believing the landings happened, by manufacturing, tampering with, or destroying evidence including photos, telemetry tapes, radio and TV transmissions, Moon rock samples, and even killing some key witnesses.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ Of the 270 Apollo 11 Moon Rocks and Apollo 17 Goodwill Moon Rocks that were given to the nations of the world by the Nixon Administration, approximately 180 are unaccounted for.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ Many of the Moon rocks that are accounted for have been locked away in storage for decades.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ The location of the rocks has been tracked by researchers and hobbyists because of their rarity and the difficulty of obtaining more.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ Moon rocks have been subjects of theft and forgery as well.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ In 1998, a unique federal law enforcement undercover operation was created to identify and arrest individuals selling bogus Moon rocks.", "Stolen and missing moon rocks __knowledge__ This sting operation was known as Operation Lunar Eclipse.", "Apollo program __knowledge__ The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.", "Apollo program __knowledge__ First conceived during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration as a three-man spacecraft to follow the one-man Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space, Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal of \"landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth\" by the end of the 1960s, which he proposed in an address to Congress on May 25, 1961.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ This includes both manned and unmanned (robotic) missions.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ The first human-made object to reach the surface of the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2 mission, on 13 September 1959.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ The United States' Apollo 11 was the first manned mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ There have been six manned U.S. landings (between 1969 and 1972) and numerous unmanned landings, with no soft landings happening from 22 August 1976 until 14 December 2013.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ To date, the United States is the only country to have successfully conducted manned missions to the Moon, with the last departing the lunar surface in December 1972.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin, both American, landed the lunar module \"Eagle\" on July 20, 1969, at 20:18 UTC.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Armstrong became the first to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected of lunar material to bring back to Earth.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Michael Collins piloted the command module \"Columbia\" alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon's surface.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut, engineer, and the first person to walk on the Moon.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ He was also an aerospace engineer, naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ Before becoming an astronaut, Armstrong was an officer in the U.S. Navy and served in the Korean War.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ After the war, he earned his bachelor's degree at Purdue University and served as a test pilot at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) High-Speed Flight Station, where he logged over 900 flights.", "Neil Armstrong __knowledge__ He later completed graduate studies at the University of Southern California.", "Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ Dwight David \"Ike\" Eisenhower ( ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American Army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961.", "Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ During World War II, he was a five-star general in the United States Army and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe.", "Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western Front.", "Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ He was also the first American President to be bound by the 22nd Amendment, which limits the number of times one can be elected to the office of President of the United States.", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ The presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower began on January 20, 1953, when he was inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 1961.", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ Eisenhower, a Republican, took office as president following a landslide win over Democrat Adlai Stevenson in the 1952 presidential election.", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ This victory upended the New Deal Coalition that had kept the presidency in the hands of the Democratic Party for 20 years.", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ Four years later, in the 1956 presidential election, he defeated Stevenson in a landslide again, winning a second term in office.", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower __knowledge__ He was succeeded in office by Democrat John F. Kennedy after the 1960 election.", "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty __knowledge__ The Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) is the abbreviated name of the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, which prohibited all test detonations of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground.", "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty __knowledge__ It is also abbreviated as the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) and Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (NTBT), though the latter may also refer to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which succeeded the PTBT for ratifying parties.", "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty __knowledge__ Negotiations initially focused on a comprehensive ban, but this was abandoned due to technical questions surrounding the detection of underground tests and Soviet concerns over the intrusiveness of proposed verification methods.", "Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial __knowledge__ The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial is a planned United States presidential memorial to honor Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe during World War II and the 34th President of the United States.", "Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial __knowledge__ On October 25, 1999, the United States Congress created the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission, and charged it with creating \"...an appropriate permanent memorial to Dwight D. Eisenhower...to perpetuate his memory and his contributions to the United States.\"", "Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial __knowledge__ A preliminary design by architect Frank Gehry proved controversial.", "Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial __knowledge__ After several years of hearings and several design changes, a revised preliminary design won approval from the United States Commission of Fine Arts in the summer of 2013.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ The Suez Crisis or the Second Arab–Israeli War also named the Tripartite Aggression (in the Arab world) and Operation Kadesh or Sinai War (in Israel), was an invasion of Egypt in late 1956 by Israel, followed by the United Kingdom and France.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ The aims were to regain Western control of the Suez Canal and to remove Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who had just nationalized the canal.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ After the fighting had started, political pressure from the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Nations led to a withdrawal by the three invaders.", "Suez Crisis __knowledge__ The episode humiliated Great Britain and France and strengthened Nasser.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the leader of Free France (1940–1944) and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946).", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ In 1958, he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France, a position he held until his resignation in 1969.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times, and later taken prisoner at Verdun.", "Bernard Montgomery __knowledge__ Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, (; 17 November 1887 – 24 March 1976), nicknamed \"Monty\" and \"The Spartan General\", was a senior British Army officer who fought in both the First World War and the Second World War.", "Bernard Montgomery __knowledge__ He saw action in the First World War as a junior officer of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment.", "Bernard Montgomery __knowledge__ At Méteren, near the Belgian border at Bailleul, he was shot through the right lung by a sniper, during the First Battle of Ypres.", "Bernard Montgomery __knowledge__ He returned to the Western Front as a general staff officer and took part in the Battle of Arras in April/May 1917.", "Bernard Montgomery __knowledge__ He also took part in the Battle of Passchendaele in late 1917 before finishing the war as chief of staff of the 47th (2nd London) Division." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.", "NASA __knowledge__ President Dwight D. Eisenhower established NASA in 1958 with a distinctly civilian (rather than military) orientation encouraging peaceful applications in space science.", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Act was passed on July 29, 1958, disestablishing NASA's predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).", "NASA __knowledge__ The new agency became operational on October 1, 1958.", "NASA __knowledge__ Since that time, most US space exploration efforts have been led by NASA, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle.", "NASA __knowledge__ Currently, NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, the Space Launch System and Commercial Crew vehicles.", "NASA __knowledge__ The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program (LSP) which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for unmanned NASA launches.", "NASA __knowledge__ NASA science is focused on better understanding Earth through the Earth Observing System, advancing heliophysics through the efforts of the Science Mission Directorate's Heliophysics Research Program, exploring bodies throughout the Solar System with advanced robotic spacecraft missions such as \"New Horizons\", and researching astrophysics topics, such as the Big Bang, through the Great Observatories and associated programs.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ Although not the first space telescope, Hubble is one of the largest and most versatile, and is well known as both a vital research tool and a public relations boon for astronomy.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ The HST is named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble, and is one of NASA's Great Observatories, along with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ With a mirror, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectra.", "Flag protocol __knowledge__ A flag protocol defines the proper placement, handling, use, and disposal of flags.", "Flag protocol __knowledge__ Some countries have added certain protocols into their legal system while others prefer to have \"guidelines\" without civil or criminal consequences attached.", "Flag protocol __knowledge__ General guidelines are accepted practically universally.", "Flag protocol __knowledge__ The flag of honor, which is the nation's flag in most cases, is flown on the center mast if possible.", "Flag protocol __knowledge__ It is also correct to fly the flag on its own right.", "Flag protocol __knowledge__ To an observer it would be on the far left.", "Flag protocol __knowledge__ If more than three flags are used, the proper position is as far left from the point of view of an observer.", "Moon __knowledge__ The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth, being Earth's only permanent natural satellite.", "Moon __knowledge__ It is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the Solar System, and the largest among planetary satellites relative to the size of the planet that it orbits (its primary).", "Moon __knowledge__ Following Jupiter's satellite Io, the Moon is the second-densest satellite among those whose densities are known.", "Moon __knowledge__ The Moon is thought to have formed about 4.51 billion years ago, not long after Earth.", "Moon __knowledge__ The most widely accepted explanation is that the Moon formed from the debris left over after a giant impact between Earth and a Mars-sized body called Theia.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin, both American, landed the lunar module \"Eagle\" on July 20, 1969, at 20:18 UTC.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Armstrong became the first to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected of lunar material to bring back to Earth.", "Apollo 11 __knowledge__ Michael Collins piloted the command module \"Columbia\" alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon's surface.", "History of the telescope __knowledge__ The earliest known telescope appeared in 1608 in the Netherlands when an eyeglass maker named Hans Lippershey tried to obtain a patent on one.", "History of the telescope __knowledge__ Although Lippershey did not receive his patent, news of the new invention soon spread across Europe.", "History of the telescope __knowledge__ The design of these early refracting telescopes consisted of a convex objective lens and a concave eyepiece.", "History of the telescope __knowledge__ Galileo improved on this design the following year and applied it to astronomy.", "History of the telescope __knowledge__ In 1611, Johannes Kepler described how a far more useful telescope could be made with a convex objective lens and a convex eyepiece lens and by 1655 astronomers such as Christiaan Huygens were building powerful but unwieldy Keplerian telescopes with compound eyepieces.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ This includes both manned and unmanned (robotic) missions.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ The first human-made object to reach the surface of the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2 mission, on 13 September 1959.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ The United States' Apollo 11 was the first manned mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ There have been six manned U.S. landings (between 1969 and 1972) and numerous unmanned landings, with no soft landings happening from 22 August 1976 until 14 December 2013.", "Moon landing __knowledge__ To date, the United States is the only country to have successfully conducted manned missions to the Moon, with the last departing the lunar surface in December 1972.", "Bermuda II Agreement __knowledge__ Bermuda II was a bilateral air transport agreement between the governments of the United Kingdom and the United States signed on 23 July 1977 as a renegotiation of the original 1946 Bermuda air services agreement.", "Bermuda II Agreement __knowledge__ A new \"open skies\" agreement was signed by the United States and the European Union (EU) (of which the United Kingdom is part) on 30 April 2007 and came into effect on 30 March 2008, thus replacing Bermuda II.", "Bermuda II Agreement __knowledge__ The original 1946 Bermuda agreement took its name from the island where UK and US transport officials met to negotiate a new, inter-governmental air services agreement between Britain and the United States.", "Moon landing conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Moon landing conspiracy theories claim that some or all elements of the Apollo program and the associated Moon landings were hoaxes staged by NASA, possibly with the aid of other organizations.", "Moon landing conspiracy theories __knowledge__ The most notable claim is that the six manned landings (1969–72) were faked and that 12 Apollo astronauts did not actually walk on the Moon.", "Moon landing conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Various groups and individuals have made claims since the mid-1970s, that NASA and others knowingly misled the public into believing the landings happened, by manufacturing, tampering with, or destroying evidence including photos, telemetry tapes, radio and TV transmissions, Moon rock samples, and even killing some key witnesses.", "Ern Malley __knowledge__ Ernest Lalor \"Ern\" Malley was a fictitious poet and the central figure in Australia's most famous literary hoax.", "Ern Malley __knowledge__ He and his entire body of work were created in one day in 1943 by conservative writers James McAuley and Harold Stewart in order to hoax Max Harris and his modernist magazine \"Angry Penguins\", which Harris co-edited with John Reed of Heide, Melbourne.", "Ern Malley __knowledge__ Imitating the modernist poetry they despised, the hoaxers deliberately created what they thought was bad verse and submitted sixteen poems to \"Angry Penguins\" under the guise of Ethel, Ern Malley's surviving sister.", "Ern Malley __knowledge__ Harris and other members of the Heide Circle fell for the hoax, and, enraptured by the poetry, devoted the next issue of \"Angry Penguins\" to Malley.", "George Mason University's historical hoaxes __knowledge__ Students of George Mason University, as part of Professor T. Mills Kelly's course – \"Lying about the past\", have created two popular hoaxes: the \"Edward Owens hoax,\" and the \"Reddit serial killer hoax.\"", "George Mason University's historical hoaxes __knowledge__ It is a goal of the course to create a sweeping internet deception.", "George Mason University's historical hoaxes __knowledge__ As Prof. Kelly stated in the course's syllabus: The Edward Owens hoax was a historical hoax created by students at George Mason University in 2008 as a class project for \"Lying About the Past\".", "George Mason University's historical hoaxes __knowledge__ The students created a website and a fictitious entry on English Wikipedia about Edward Owens, purportedly a Virginia oyster fisherman born in 1853 who became a pirate.", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ The use of the pen name of Mark Twain first occurred in Samuel Clemens's writing while in the Nevada Territory which he had journeyed to with his brother.", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ Clemens/Twain lived in Nevada from 1861 to 1864, and visited the area twice after leaving.", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ Historians such as Peter Messent see Clemens's time in Nevada as \"the third major formative period of Mark Twain's career\" (after his time in Hannibal and upon the Mississippi) due to his encounters with \"writers and humorists who would both shape and put the finishing touches on his literary art.\"", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ The \"Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain\" states that despite the few \"disagreeable experiences\" he had there, Twain \"thrived in Nevada.\"", "Hemlock Hoax, the Detective __knowledge__ Hemlock Hoax, the Detective is an American short comedy film produced and distributed in 1910 by the Lubin Manufacturing Company.", "Hemlock Hoax, the Detective __knowledge__ The silent film features a detective named Hemlock Hoax who tries to solve a murder, which unbeknownst to him is a practical joke being played on him by two young boys.", "Hemlock Hoax, the Detective __knowledge__ It was one of many shorts designed to derive its humor from a sleuth whose name was similar to Sherlock Holmes.", "Hemlock Hoax, the Detective __knowledge__ The character of Hemlock Hoax was based on a minor character from a film story that had been rejected.", "Hemlock Hoax, the Detective __knowledge__ The finished film was released in April as a split reel, being presented with two other Lubin comedies.", "Hoax __knowledge__ A hoax is a falsehood deliberately fabricated to masquerade as the truth.", "Hoax __knowledge__ It is distinguishable from errors in observation or judgment, rumors, urban legends, pseudosciences, and April Fools' Day events that are passed along in good faith by believers or as jokes.", "Hoax __knowledge__ Although practical jokes have likely existed for thousands of years, one of the earliest recorded hoaxes in history was the drummer of Tedworth in 1661.", "Hoax __knowledge__ The communication of hoaxes can be accomplished in almost any manner that a fictional story can be communicated: in person, via word of mouth, via words printed on paper, and so on.", "Hoax __knowledge__ As the technology of communication has advanced, the speed at which hoaxes spread has also advanced: a rumor about a ghostly drummer, spread by word of mouth, will impact a relatively small area at first, then grow gradually.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ The Morristown UFO hoax was originally thought to be an unidentified aerial event, of mysterious floating red lights, that occurred near Morristown, New Jersey, on Monday, January 5, 2009, between 8:15 pm and 9:00 pm.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ The lights were later observed on 4 other days: January 26, January 29, February 7, and February 17, 2009.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ The events were actually a hoax, meant as a social experiment.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ Five flare lights attached to helium balloons were released by Joe Rudy and Chris Russo and seen in the skies above Morris County, New Jersey.", "Morristown UFO hoax __knowledge__ Sightings were concentrated in the towns of Hanover Township, Morristown, Morris Plains, Madison, and Florham Park." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.", "NASA __knowledge__ President Dwight D. Eisenhower established NASA in 1958 with a distinctly civilian (rather than military) orientation encouraging peaceful applications in space science.", "NASA __knowledge__ The National Aeronautics and Space Act was passed on July 29, 1958, disestablishing NASA's predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).", "NASA __knowledge__ The new agency became operational on October 1, 1958.", "NASA __knowledge__ Since that time, most US space exploration efforts have been led by NASA, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle.", "NASA __knowledge__ Currently, NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, the Space Launch System and Commercial Crew vehicles.", "NASA __knowledge__ The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program (LSP) which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for unmanned NASA launches.", "NASA __knowledge__ NASA science is focused on better understanding Earth through the Earth Observing System, advancing heliophysics through the efforts of the Science Mission Directorate's Heliophysics Research Program, exploring bodies throughout the Solar System with advanced robotic spacecraft missions such as \"New Horizons\", and researching astrophysics topics, such as the Big Bang, through the Great Observatories and associated programs.", "Space Race __knowledge__ The Space Race refers to the 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for dominance in spaceflight capability.", "Space Race __knowledge__ It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, aided by captured German missile technology and personnel from the Aggregat program.", "Space Race __knowledge__ The technological superiority required for such dominance was seen as necessary for national security, and symbolic of ideological superiority.", "Space Race __knowledge__ The Space Race spawned pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, uncrewed space probes of the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and human spaceflight in low Earth orbit and to the Moon.", "Space policy of the United States __knowledge__ The space policy of the United States includes both the making of space policy through the legislative process, and the implementation of that policy in the civilian and military US space programs through regulatory agencies.", "Space policy of the United States __knowledge__ The early history of United States space policy is linked to the US–Soviet Space Race of the 1960s, which gave way to the Space Shuttle program.", "Space policy of the United States __knowledge__ There is a current debate on the post-Space Shuttle future of the civilian space program.", "Space policy of the United States __knowledge__ United States space policy is drafted by the Executive branch at the direction of the President of the United States, and submitted for approval and establishment of funding to the legislative process of the United States Congress.", "Aeronautics Museum of Maracay __knowledge__ Venezuelan Air Force's Museo Aeronáutico de Maracay (Aeronautics Museum of Maracay) is a historical aviation museum of military and civic aeronautic technology inaugurated on 10 December 1963 and located at the installations of the former Aeropuerto Nacional Florencio Gómez (the first airport in Maracay) adjacent to the Venezuelan Air Force officer graduation school, and the \"Cradle of Venezuelan Military Aviation\" in the City of Maracay, Estado Aragua, Venezuela.", "Aeronautics Museum of Maracay __knowledge__ The museum is the only one of its kind in Venezuela and the largest collector and restorator of aircraft, engines, weapons, documents, photographs, maps, paintings, memorabilia and other items of historical value.", "Soviet space program __knowledge__ The Soviet space program (Russian: Космическая программа СССР, \"Kosmicheskaya programma SSSR\") comprised the rocketry and space exploration programs conducted by the former Soviet Union (USSR) from the 1930s until its dissolution in 1991.", "Soviet space program __knowledge__ Over its sixty-year history, this primarily classified military program was responsible for a number of pioneering accomplishments in space flight, including the first intercontinental ballistic missile (R-7), first satellite (Sputnik 1), first animal in Earth orbit (the dog Laika on Sputnik 2), first human in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1), first woman in space and Earth orbit (cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova on Vostok 6), first spacewalk (cosmonaut Alexey Leonov on Voskhod 2), first Moon impact (\"Luna 2\"), first image of the far side of the moon (\"Luna 3\") and unmanned lunar soft landing (\"Luna 9\"), first space rover (\"Lunokhod 1\"), first sample of lunar soil automatically extracted and brought to Earth (\"Luna 16\"), and first space station (Salyut 1).", "Dwayne A. Day __knowledge__ Dwayne Allen Day is an American space historian and policy analyst and served as an investigator for the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.", "Dwayne A. Day __knowledge__ Day is a senior program officer for the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board of the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences, where he has served as a study director on studies concerning NASA's aeronautics flight research capabilities, the planetary exploration program, the size of the astronaut corps, the threat of asteroids striking Earth, NASA workforce skills, radiation hazards to astronauts on long duration spaceflights, U.S. Air Force astrodynamics standards, and other projects.", "Space propaganda __knowledge__ Space propaganda is about achievements in space science and technology that are used as propaganda.", "Space propaganda __knowledge__ Space propaganda was used during the Cold War, and is also used today.", "Space propaganda __knowledge__ During the Cold War, both the United States and the Soviet Union were in an ideological battle.", "Space propaganda __knowledge__ In the course of this conflict was the demonstration that each side was superior to the other.", "Space propaganda __knowledge__ One of the ways that both countries demonstrated this was achievements in military and technological means.", "Space propaganda __knowledge__ Both sides used this as a form of political warfare and at times public diplomacy.", "Space propaganda __knowledge__ Space propaganda was used throughout the space race, and played a critical part.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ Although not the first space telescope, Hubble is one of the largest and most versatile, and is well known as both a vital research tool and a public relations boon for astronomy.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ The HST is named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble, and is one of NASA's Great Observatories, along with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.", "Hubble Space Telescope __knowledge__ With a mirror, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectra.", "STS-125 __knowledge__ STS-125, or HST-SM4 (Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4), was the fifth and final space shuttle mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST).", "STS-125 __knowledge__ The launch of the Space Shuttle \"Atlantis\" occurred on 11 May 2009 at 2:01 pm EDT.", "STS-125 __knowledge__ Landing occurred on 24 May at 11:39 am EDT, with the mission lasting a total of just under 13 days.", "STS-125 __knowledge__ The crew of STS-125 included three astronauts who had previous experience servicing Hubble.", "STS-125 __knowledge__ Scott Altman visited Hubble in 2002 as commander of STS-109, the fourth Hubble servicing mission.", "STS-125 __knowledge__ John Grunsfeld, an astronomer, has serviced Hubble twice, performing a total of five spacewalks on STS-103 in 1999 and STS-109.", "James Webb Space Telescope __knowledge__ The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope developed in coordination among NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Canadian Space Agency.", "James Webb Space Telescope __knowledge__ It is scheduled to be launched in 2019 and will be located near the Earth–Sun Lagrangian point.", "James Webb Space Telescope __knowledge__ The telescope will offer unprecedented resolution and sensitivity from the long-wavelength (orange to red) visible light through the mid-infrared (0.6 to 27 micrometer) range.", "James Webb Space Telescope __knowledge__ JWST's capabilities will enable a broad range of investigations across the fields of astronomy and cosmology.", "James Webb Space Telescope __knowledge__ One particular goal involves observing some of the most distant events and objects in the universe, such as the formation of the first galaxies.", "Marshall Space Flight Center __knowledge__ The George C. Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), located in Huntsville, Alabama, is the U.S. government's civilian rocketry and spacecraft propulsion research center.", "Marshall Space Flight Center __knowledge__ The largest NASA center, MSFC's first mission was developing the Saturn launch vehicles for the Apollo moon program.", "Marshall Space Flight Center __knowledge__ Marshall has been the agency's lead center for Space Shuttle propulsion and its external tank; payloads and related crew training; International Space Station (ISS) design and assembly; and computers, networks, and information management.", "Marshall Space Flight Center __knowledge__ Located on the Redstone Arsenal near Huntsville, Alabama, MSFC is named in honor of General of the Army George Marshall.", "John M. Grunsfeld __knowledge__ John Mace Grunsfeld (born October 10, 1958) is an American physicist and a former NASA astronaut.", "John M. Grunsfeld __knowledge__ He is a veteran of five Space Shuttle flights and has served as NASA Chief Scientist.", "John M. Grunsfeld __knowledge__ His academic background includes research in high energy astrophysics, cosmic ray physics and the emerging field of exoplanet studies with specific interest in future astronomical instrumentation.", "John M. Grunsfeld __knowledge__ After retiring from NASA in 2009, he served as the Deputy Director of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland.", "John M. Grunsfeld __knowledge__ In January 2012, he returned to NASA and served as associate administrator of NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD).", "Pea galaxy __knowledge__ A Pea galaxy, also referred to as a Pea or Green Pea, might be a type of Luminous Blue Compact Galaxy which is undergoing very high rates of star formation.", "Pea galaxy __knowledge__ Pea galaxies are so-named because of their small size and greenish appearance in the images taken by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS).", "Pea galaxy __knowledge__ Pea Galaxies were first discovered in 2007 by the volunteer citizen scientists within the forum section of the online astronomy project Galaxy Zoo (GZ), part of the Zooniverse web portal.", "Pea galaxy __knowledge__ The Pea galaxies, also known as Green Peas (GPs), are compact oxygen-rich emission line galaxy that were discovered at redshift between \"z\" = 0.112 and 0.360.", "Heidi Hammel __knowledge__ Heidi B. Hammel (born March 14, 1960) is a planetary astronomer who has extensively studied Neptune and Uranus.", "Heidi Hammel __knowledge__ She is executive vice president of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy.", "Heidi Hammel __knowledge__ She is the 2002 recipient of the Carl Sagan Medal given to a scientist whose communications have greatly enhanced the general public's understanding of planetary science.", "Heidi Hammel __knowledge__ She was one of Discover Magazine's 50 most important women in science in 2003.", "Heidi Hammel __knowledge__ Hammel is the executive vice president of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), a consortium of 39 US members (universities as well as educational and non-profit institutions) and 7 international affiliates." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "i like it but didnt know it is part of the executive branch", "i had no idea that eisenhower was the one who established it in 1958", "do you believe it was a hoax?", "agreed ii also want to see the hubble space telescope", "the air and space meuseum is also worth checking out" ]

[ "NASA", "NASA", "NASA", "NASA", "NASA" ]

[ "Upholstery", "Interesting! Do you like leather or fabric and do you have pets?", "Tell him \"good dog\" for me. Leather is great, but I have cats so no leather in my house.", "So true. Is your furniture sturdy and well made, or is it getting a bit shaky?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Upholstery is the work of providing furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric or leather covers.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The word \"upholstery\" comes from the Middle English word \"upholder\", which referred to a tradesman who held up his goods.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The term is equally applicable to domestic, automobile, airplane and boat furniture, and can be applied to mattresses, particularly the upper layers, though these often differ significantly in design.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ A person who works with upholstery is called an upholsterer; an apprentice upholsterer is sometimes called an outsider or trimmer.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Traditional upholstery uses materials like coil springs (post-1850), animal hair (horse, hog and cow), coir, straw and hay, hessians, linen scrims, wadding, etc., and is done by hand, building each layer up.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In contrast, modern upholsterers employ synthetic materials like dacron and vinyl, serpentine springs, and so on.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ \"Upholder\" is an archaic term used for \"upholsterer\", but it appears to have a connotation of \"repairing\" furniture rather than creating new upholstered pieces from scratch (cobbler vs. cordwainer).", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In 18th-century London, upholders frequently served as interior decorators responsible for all aspects of a room's decor." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Upholstery is the work of providing furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric or leather covers.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The word \"upholstery\" comes from the Middle English word \"upholder\", which referred to a tradesman who held up his goods.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The term is equally applicable to domestic, automobile, airplane and boat furniture, and can be applied to mattresses, particularly the upper layers, though these often differ significantly in design.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ A person who works with upholstery is called an upholsterer; an apprentice upholsterer is sometimes called an outsider or trimmer.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Traditional upholstery uses materials like coil springs (post-1850), animal hair (horse, hog and cow), coir, straw and hay, hessians, linen scrims, wadding, etc., and is done by hand, building each layer up.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In contrast, modern upholsterers employ synthetic materials like dacron and vinyl, serpentine springs, and so on.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ \"Upholder\" is an archaic term used for \"upholsterer\", but it appears to have a connotation of \"repairing\" furniture rather than creating new upholstered pieces from scratch (cobbler vs. cordwainer).", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In 18th-century London, upholders frequently served as interior decorators responsible for all aspects of a room's decor.", "History of the bikini __knowledge__ Evidence of bikini-style women's clothing has been found as early as 5600 BC, and the history of the bikini can be traced back to that era.", "History of the bikini __knowledge__ Illustrations of women wearing bikini-like garments during competitive athletic events in the Roman era have been found in several locations, the most famous of which is at Villa Romana del Casale.", "History of the bikini __knowledge__ Partly due to material rationing after World War II, French engineer Louis Réard introduced the modern bikini, modeled by Micheline Bernardini, on July 5, 1946, borrowing the name for his design from the Bikini Atoll, where post-war testing on the atomic bomb were taking place.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Ski boot __knowledge__ Ski boots are footwear used in skiing to provide a way to attach the skier to skis using ski bindings.", "Ski boot __knowledge__ The ski/boot/binding combination is used to effectively transmit control inputs from the skier's legs to the snow.", "Ski boot __knowledge__ Ski boots were leather winter boots, held to the ski with leather straps.", "Ski boot __knowledge__ As skiing became more specialized, so too did ski boots, leading to the splitting of designs between those for alpine skiing and cross-country skiing.", "Ski boot __knowledge__ Modern skiing developed as an all-round sport with uphill, downhill and cross-country portions.", "Ski boot __knowledge__ The introduction of the cable binding started a parallel evolution of binding and boot.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ Pillow Pets are a brand of stuffed toys with Velcro straps that allow them to be changed from a decorated pillow into a stuffed animal.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ The toys are made from chenille.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ Invented by Jennifer Telfer in 2003, Pillow Pets first gained success when Telfer personally sold the toys near the Christmas season of that year.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ They would later become more successful through television advertising, where the company's famous slogan, \"It's a pillow, it's a pet, it's a Pillow Pet!\"", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ was in every ad.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ Pillow Pets have been used for charitable fund raising.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ In 2003, Jennifer Telfer was living in San Diego with her husband, Clint, and two sons.", "Car coat __knowledge__ A car coat is an outer garment originally made to be worn by automobile drivers and passengers.", "Car coat __knowledge__ First designed to provide maximum warmth and coverage, over time it became a much shorter garment.", "Car coat __knowledge__ Today it describes a coat that typically ends at mid thigh.", "Car coat __knowledge__ It is worn by both men and women.", "Car coat __knowledge__ While fur, leather and heavy wool were preferred in the early days, today the coat may be made in a wide variety of materials.", "Car coat __knowledge__ In the period after World War II, it took on design elements of the jeep coat worn by servicemen and this is when the shorter length became common.", "Car coat __knowledge__ As car ownership grew so did the popularity of the coat; by the 1960s it was described as \"ubiquitous\".", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of wooden furniture is an activity dedicated to the preservation and protection of wooden furniture objects of historical and personal value.", "Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture __knowledge__ When applied to cultural heritage this activity is generally undertaken by a conservator-restorer.", "Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture __knowledge__ Furniture conservation and restoration can be divided into two general areas: structure and finish.", "Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture __knowledge__ Structure generally relates to wood and can be divided into solid, joined, and veneered wood.", "Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture __knowledge__ The finish of furniture can be painted or transparent.", "Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture __knowledge__ Furniture has existed throughout all the years of human existence.", "Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture __knowledge__ Furniture that is very dated or is an antique can be conserved or restored so that future generations may also enjoy them for cultural, educational and personal benefit.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Cadillac Eldorado is a personal luxury car that was manufactured and marketed by Cadillac from 1952 to 2002 over ten generations.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ Competitors and similar vehicles included the Lincoln Mark series, Buick Riviera, Oldsmobile Toronado and Chrysler's Imperial Coupe.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Eldorado was at or near the top of the Cadillac line during early model years.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The original 1953 Eldorado convertible and the Eldorado Brougham models of 1957–1960 were the most expensive models that Cadillac offered those years, and the Eldorado was never less than second in price after the Cadillac Series 75 until 1966.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Eldorado carried the Fleetwood designation from 1965 through 1972, and was a modern revival of the pre-war Cadillac V-12 and Cadillac V16 roadsters and convertibles.", "Mattress __knowledge__ A mattress is a large pad for supporting the reclining body, used as a bed or as part of a bed.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, that contains hair, straw, cotton, foam rubber, etc., or a framework of metal springs.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Mattresses may also be filled with air or water.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Mattresses are usually placed on top of a bed base which may be solid, as in the case of a platform bed, or elastic, e.g.", "Mattress __knowledge__ with an upholstered wood and wire box spring or a slatted foundation.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Popular in Europe, a divan incorporates both mattress and foundation in a single upholstered, footed unit.", "Upholstery frame __knowledge__ In furniture-making, the upholstery frame of a piece of furniture gives the structural support and determines the basic shape of the upholstered furniture.", "Upholstery frame __knowledge__ The frame may be a basic piece of wooden furniture prior to its being upholstered.", "Upholstery frame __knowledge__ Like a finished piece of furniture prior to the upholstering, the frame establishes the final quality, including its durability, and sets limits upon the final design, padding, cushioning, or cover.", "Upholstery frame __knowledge__ Frames are made variously of solid wood, engineered wood products, a variety of polymers and metals, or a mixture of these.", "Upholstery frame __knowledge__ Solid wood for upholstery frames may be of various kinds, including hardwoods and softwoods.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ The Cleveland Convention Center was a convention center located in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Built by the city of Cleveland beneath the Cleveland Mall adjacent to Public Auditorium, it was completed in 1964.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Plans for the convention center were first made in 1956, but voters twice rejected initiatives to fund construction before approving a bond levy in November 1963.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ A local private foundation donated several million dollars to beautify the mall atop the convention center with a reflecting pool and fountains.", "Cleveland Convention Center (demolished) __knowledge__ Construction was plagued by issues with ground water, protests, strikes, and cost overruns.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Oldsmobile 98 (sometimes spelled Ninety-Eight after 1958) is the full-size flagship model of Oldsmobile that was produced from 1940 until 1996.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The name — reflecting a \"Series 90\" fitted with an 8-cylinder engine — first appeared in 1941 and was used again after American consumer automobile production resumed post-World War II.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ It was, as it would remain, the division's top-of-the-line model, with lesser Oldsmobiles having lower numbers such as the A-body 66 and 68, and the B-body 76 and 78.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Series 60 was retired in 1949, the same year the Oldsmobile 78 was replaced by the 88.", "Oldsmobile 98 __knowledge__ The Oldsmobile 76 was retired after 1950." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Upholstery is the work of providing furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric or leather covers.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The word \"upholstery\" comes from the Middle English word \"upholder\", which referred to a tradesman who held up his goods.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The term is equally applicable to domestic, automobile, airplane and boat furniture, and can be applied to mattresses, particularly the upper layers, though these often differ significantly in design.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ A person who works with upholstery is called an upholsterer; an apprentice upholsterer is sometimes called an outsider or trimmer.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Traditional upholstery uses materials like coil springs (post-1850), animal hair (horse, hog and cow), coir, straw and hay, hessians, linen scrims, wadding, etc., and is done by hand, building each layer up.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In contrast, modern upholsterers employ synthetic materials like dacron and vinyl, serpentine springs, and so on.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ \"Upholder\" is an archaic term used for \"upholsterer\", but it appears to have a connotation of \"repairing\" furniture rather than creating new upholstered pieces from scratch (cobbler vs. cordwainer).", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In 18th-century London, upholders frequently served as interior decorators responsible for all aspects of a room's decor.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Dog harness __knowledge__ A dog harness is piece of equipment for dogs, generally similar to harness tack for horses.", "Dog harness __knowledge__ There are various designs depending on the type of use, whether it be for assistance to a person with a disability, hauling a cart or sled, or pulling a human being, such as in skijoring or pulka.", "Dog harness __knowledge__ Harnesses are also commonly worn by non-working dogs.", "Dog harness __knowledge__ A harness is commonly worn in conjunction with a collar and used as an alternative for leash attachment.", "Dog harness __knowledge__ While a collar only encircles the neck, H-style harnesses have a loop that surrounds the torso as well, with connecting straps between them for reinforcement.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ Warriors is a series of novels published by HarperCollins; it is written by authors Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, Tui Sutherland, with the plot developed by editor Victoria Holmes, who collectively use the pseudonym Erin Hunter.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of four Clans of wild cats—ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan —in their forest and lake homes, who look up to StarClan, their warriors ancestors, and spirits in the stars, who guide the four clans.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ SkyClan, the long-forgotten fifth Clan of the forest, is later introduced in the stand-alone novel \"Firestar's Quest\".", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ It receives additional focus in the novel \"SkyClan's Destiny\", the manga trilogy \"SkyClan and the Stranger\", and the 2013 novella \"Cloudstar's Journey\".", "Rolls-Royce Phantom (2003) __knowledge__ The Rolls-Royce Phantom VII was a luxury saloon car made by Rolls-Royce Motor Cars.", "Rolls-Royce Phantom (2003) __knowledge__ Launched in 2003, it was the first Rolls-Royce developed and introduced after BMW purchased the right to use the Rolls-Royce name and logo in 1998.", "Rolls-Royce Phantom (2003) __knowledge__ It is credited with successfully reviving the Rolls-Royce brand and restoring Rolls-Royce's credibility as a maker of luxury cars.", "Rolls-Royce Phantom (2003) __knowledge__ The Phantom Drophead Coupé and Phantom Coupé are two-door derivatives of the Phantom launched in 2007 and 2008, respectively.", "Rolls-Royce Phantom (2003) __knowledge__ From 2003 until the launch of the smaller Ghost in 2009, the Phantom was the only car produced by Rolls-Royce.", "Rolls-Royce Phantom (2003) __knowledge__ The Phantom acted as the company's flagship model.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ The Fiat 500 is a two-door, four-passenger, transverse front-engine, front wheel drive A-segment city car manufactured and marketed by the Fiat subdivision of FCA since 2007 in hatchback coupé and fixed-profile cabriolet body styles, over a single generation — and available in European markets beginning with model year 2016 with its first facelift.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ The 500 is internally designated as the \"Type 312\" by FCA.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ Derived from the 2004 Fiat Trepiùno 3+1 concept (designed by Roberto Giolito), the 500's styling recalls Fiat's 1957 Fiat 500, nicknamed the \"Bambino\" — a model that was designed and engineered by Dante Giacosa with more than 4 million sold over its 18-year (1957-1975) production span.", "Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG __knowledge__ The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG (C197 / R197) is a front mid-engine, 2-seater luxury, limited production supercar automobile developed by Mercedes-AMG of German automaker Mercedes-Benz and was the first Mercedes-Benz automobile designed in-house by AMG.", "Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG __knowledge__ The car, which has gull-wing doors, was the successor to the Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren and was described by Mercedes-Benz as a spiritual successor to the Mercedes-Benz 300SL Gullwing.", "Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG __knowledge__ SLS stands for \"Super Leicht Sport\" (Super Light Sport).", "Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG __knowledge__ The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG was assembled largely by hand, with its chassis and aluminum body shell produced by Magna Steyr in Graz, Austria and then transferred to Sindelfingen, Germany for assembly, with its engine being hand built by AMG in Affalterbach, Germany.", "Rolls-Royce Ghost __knowledge__ The Rolls-Royce Ghost is a British luxury car manufactured by Rolls-Royce Motor Cars.", "Rolls-Royce Ghost __knowledge__ The \"Ghost\" nameplate, named in honour of the Silver Ghost, a car first produced in 1906, was announced in April 2009 at the Auto Shanghai show.", "Rolls-Royce Ghost __knowledge__ During development, the Ghost was known as the \"RR04\".", "Rolls-Royce Ghost __knowledge__ Designed as a smaller, \"more measured, more realistic car\" than the Phantom, aiming for a lower price category for Rolls-Royce models, the retail price is around £170,000.", "Rolls-Royce Ghost __knowledge__ The production model was officially unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show.", "Rolls-Royce Ghost __knowledge__ The Ghost Extended Wheelbase was introduced in 2011.", "Rolls-Royce Ghost __knowledge__ The Rolls-Royce 200EX, officially unveiled at the March 2009 Geneva Motor Show, indicated the styling direction of the production model Ghost.", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ The Mercedes-Benz C216 is the last generation for the grand tourer Mercedes-Benz CL-Class.", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ It replaced the C215 platform.", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ In 2014 it was replaced by the C217 S-Class Coupe.", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ Like its predecessors, the C216 has no B-pillar interrupting the sleek curve of the side windows.", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ The C216 body was designed by Gorden Wagener and Peter Pfeiffer.", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ The chassis is based on the W221 S-Class.", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ The two-door coupé weighs , being heavier than the equivalent S saloon, and rides on a full-size 116.3-inch wheelbase (albeit 8.2 inches less than the long wheelbase S-Class, which is the only S-Class sold in the U.S.).", "Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) __knowledge__ Despite its large size, rear seat legroom is limited in keeping in the tradition of 2+2 luxury coupés, though CL has more rear passenger space than its rivals.", "Mercedes-Benz G-Class __knowledge__ The Mercedes-Benz G-Class, sometimes called G-Wagen (short for \"Geländewagen\", \"cross country vehicle\"), is a mid-size four-wheel drive luxury SUV manufactured by Magna Steyr (formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch) in Austria and sold by Mercedes-Benz.", "Mercedes-Benz G-Class __knowledge__ In certain markets, it has been sold under the Puch name as Puch G. The G-wagen is characterized by its boxy styling and body-on-frame construction.", "Mercedes-Benz G-Class __knowledge__ It uses three fully locking differentials, one of the few vehicles to have such a feature.", "Mercedes-Benz G-Class __knowledge__ Despite the introduction of an intended replacement, the unibody SUV Mercedes-Benz GL-Class in 2006, the G-Class is still in production and is one of the longest produced Mercedes-Benz in Daimler's history, with a span of 35 years.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Cadillac Eldorado is a personal luxury car that was manufactured and marketed by Cadillac from 1952 to 2002 over ten generations.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ Competitors and similar vehicles included the Lincoln Mark series, Buick Riviera, Oldsmobile Toronado and Chrysler's Imperial Coupe.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Eldorado was at or near the top of the Cadillac line during early model years.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The original 1953 Eldorado convertible and the Eldorado Brougham models of 1957–1960 were the most expensive models that Cadillac offered those years, and the Eldorado was never less than second in price after the Cadillac Series 75 until 1966.", "Cadillac Eldorado __knowledge__ The Eldorado carried the Fleetwood designation from 1965 through 1972, and was a modern revival of the pre-war Cadillac V-12 and Cadillac V16 roadsters and convertibles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Upholstery is the work of providing furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric or leather covers.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The word \"upholstery\" comes from the Middle English word \"upholder\", which referred to a tradesman who held up his goods.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ The term is equally applicable to domestic, automobile, airplane and boat furniture, and can be applied to mattresses, particularly the upper layers, though these often differ significantly in design.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ A person who works with upholstery is called an upholsterer; an apprentice upholsterer is sometimes called an outsider or trimmer.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ Traditional upholstery uses materials like coil springs (post-1850), animal hair (horse, hog and cow), coir, straw and hay, hessians, linen scrims, wadding, etc., and is done by hand, building each layer up.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In contrast, modern upholsterers employ synthetic materials like dacron and vinyl, serpentine springs, and so on.", "Upholstery __knowledge__ \"Upholder\" is an archaic term used for \"upholsterer\", but it appears to have a connotation of \"repairing\" furniture rather than creating new upholstered pieces from scratch (cobbler vs. cordwainer).", "Upholstery __knowledge__ In 18th-century London, upholders frequently served as interior decorators responsible for all aspects of a room's decor.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ Crossed is a comic book written by Garth Ennis and drawn by Jacen Burrows for the first ten issues, and published by Avatar Press.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ Following volumes \"Crossed: Family Values\", \"Crossed 3D\", and \"Crossed: Psychopath\" were written by David Lapham.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ A new series, \"Crossed: Badlands\" is written and drawn by rotating creative teams.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ The franchise has also spawned two webcomics: \"Crossed: Wish You Were Here\", which ran from 2012–2014, and \"Crossed: Dead or Alive\", which began syndication in November 2014.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ \"Crossed\" is a creator-owned series from writer Garth Ennis and artist Jacen Burrows.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ It began with \"Crossed\" #0 on August 27, 2008 and all 10 issues have been released.", "Allison Engine Testing Stands __knowledge__ Allison Testing Stands is a heritage-listed engine test stand at 116 Lamington Avenue, Eagle Farm, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Allison Engine Testing Stands __knowledge__ It was built by USAAF 81st Air Depot Group and the Allied Works Council.", "Allison Engine Testing Stands __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 August 2003.", "Allison Engine Testing Stands __knowledge__ The former Allison Testing Stands was an aero engine testing facility constructed in three stages during 1942-43 for the purpose of static testing of engines from the General Motors-Holden's Ltd overhaul plant at Breakfast Creek, Brisbane.", "Allison Engine Testing Stands __knowledge__ Simple and functional in design, the site encompasses six open stands constructed by servicemen of the 81st Air Defence Group of the 44th Depot Repair Squadron; two enclosed engine stands constructed by the Allied Works Council; two open stands of unknown construction; and a concrete pavement area which is the site of former associated buildings.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ The 1989 Ashes series was that year's edition of the long-standing and storied cricket rivalry between England and Australia.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ Starting on 8 June 1989, England and Australia played six Tests, with the Ashes previously having been held by England since the 1977 Ashes series.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ The final result was a 4-0 series win for Australia, who had gone into the series as underdogs, and had been rated by the English media as \"possibly the worst side to ever tour England\" prior to the series.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ The series victory marked the beginning of a remarkable period of 16 years in which Australia would retain the Ashes over the course of 4 home and 3 away series until England eventually won them back in the 2005 Ashes series.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ \"Shaky Shaky\" is a single by Puerto Rican reggaeton recording artist Daddy Yankee from his eighth studio album \"El Disco Duro\", scheduled to be released during early 2017.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ The song was recorded in December 2015 as a freestyle during a recording session in Puerto Rico and later released on 8 April 2016 by El Cartel Records.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ The song was written by Daddy Yankee, Urbani \"Urba\" Mota and Luis \"Rome\" Romero.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ It was produced by Los Evo Jedis, the duo of Urbani Mota and Luis Romero.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ The song became Yankee's fourth number one \"Billboard\"s Hot Latin Songs chart and also his first \"Billboard\" Hot 100 entry since 2007.", "2005 Chicago White Sox season __knowledge__ The 2005 Chicago White Sox season was the White Sox's 105th season.", "2005 Chicago White Sox season __knowledge__ They finished with a 99–63 record in the regular season and first place in the American League Central division by six games over the Cleveland Indians.", "2005 Chicago White Sox season __knowledge__ In the playoffs, they won the American League Division Series 3–0 over the Boston Red Sox, the American League Championship Series 4–1 over the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, and the World Series 4–0 over the Houston Astros, ending an 88-year championship drought.", "2005 Chicago White Sox season __knowledge__ The Chicago White Sox had a total attendance of 2,342,833 in 2005, 7th in the American League.", "2005 Chicago White Sox season __knowledge__ Everything that happened in 2005 was under the direction of manager Ozzie Guillén.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ The Epic Masters is a box set compilation comprising ten remastered albums by Shakin' Stevens.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ Released on 16 November 2009, the set contains nine albums originally released by Epic Records between 1980 and 1990, plus an exclusive CD of 12\" extended mixes.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ The set was also made available as a download through iTunes.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ Although one of the most popular acts of the 1980s, Shakin' Stevens' major period of success came just before the emergence of the compact disc as a major format.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ Three of Stevens' albums (\"This Ole House\", \"Shaky\" and \"Give Me Your Heart Tonight\") had made the top 3 of the UK charts during 1981 and 1982 and, as a result, his 1983 release \"The Bop Won't Stop\" was one of the earliest of Epic's albums to be transferred to the CD format.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets were a rock and roll group formed in Cardiff, Wales in 1969.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Although most notable now for their lead singer Shakin' Stevens, who went on to become one of the UK's most popular artists of the 1980s, the band released several records and toured extensively throughout the 1970s.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ A version of the Sunsets, containing original members, still tours annually in the UK, Europe and Australia.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets evolved from the rock and roll scene in and around the Penarth and Ely areas just outside Cardiff.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ One of its leading lights since the late 1950s was the Backbeats, a band fronted by Robert Llewellyn (who performed under the name of Rockin' Louie) and managed by Paul 'Legs' Barrett, a local entrepreneur and \"card-carrying Communist\".", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Cat behavior __knowledge__ Cat behaviour includes body language, elimination habits, aggression, play, communication, hunting, grooming, urine marking, and face rubbing in domestic cats.", "Cat behavior __knowledge__ It varies among individuals, colonies, and breeds.", "Cat behavior __knowledge__ Communication and sociability can vary greatly among individual cats.", "Cat behavior __knowledge__ In a family with many cats, the interactions can change depending on which individuals are present and how restricted the territory and resources are.", "Cat behavior __knowledge__ One or more individuals may become aggressive: fighting may occur with the attack resulting in scratches and deep bite wounds.", "Cat behavior __knowledge__ A cat's eating patterns in domestic settings can be unsettling for owners.", "Santa Maria College, Perth __knowledge__ Santa Maria College is a Roman Catholic boarding and day school for girls, situated in Attadale, a southern suburb of Perth, Western Australia.", "Santa Maria College, Perth __knowledge__ Established by the Sisters of Mercy in 1938, the school currently caters for approximately 1300 students from Years 5 to 12, including 150 boarders.", "Santa Maria College, Perth __knowledge__ The college is affiliated with the Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia (AHISA), the Australian Boarding Schools' Association (ABSA), the Alliance of Girls' Schools Australasia (AGSA) and the Independent Girls Schools Sports Association (IGSSA).", "Santa Maria College, Perth __knowledge__ Santa Maria's Brother school is Aquinas College located in Salter Point.", "Mattress __knowledge__ A mattress is a large pad for supporting the reclining body, used as a bed or as part of a bed.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, that contains hair, straw, cotton, foam rubber, etc., or a framework of metal springs.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Mattresses may also be filled with air or water.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Mattresses are usually placed on top of a bed base which may be solid, as in the case of a platform bed, or elastic, e.g.", "Mattress __knowledge__ with an upholstered wood and wire box spring or a slatted foundation.", "Mattress __knowledge__ Popular in Europe, a divan incorporates both mattress and foundation in a single upholstered, footed unit.", "Wabane __knowledge__ Wabane is a town and council/commune in Cameroon.", "Wabane __knowledge__ It is the headquarters of Wabane sub-division in Lebialem division Southwest Region of Cameroon.", "Wabane __knowledge__ Wabane was selected and named at the second conference of the Mundani Elite Development Association, MEDA holding in Banteng, Bamumbu on 13 February 1988; the foundation of the town was laid on 31 December 1988.", "Wabane __knowledge__ The Wabane Charter was signed on that occasion.", "Wabane __knowledge__ Wabane is situated at the heart of the Mundani landmass, precisely at the point where the Bamumbu, Bechati and Folepi clan lands meet.", "Wabane __knowledge__ The land on which Wabane is located was donated by the three clans." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 24 ]

[ "I need new upholstery for my furniture.", "I like leather upholstery because it looks nice. I have a dog that sits on the floor only.", "Cats like all types of upholstery.", "You used the word \"shaky\" for furniture - it reminded me of a song \"shaky shaky\"." ]

[ "Upholstery", "Upholstery", "Upholstery", "Upholstery" ]

[ "Vegetarianism", "I could take meat or leave it. I eat vegetarian when I feel like it. ", "I'd agree with that. I don't really like seafood much. Unless it's lobster, I do like lobster. ", "That's true. I guess when I eat \"vegetarian\" it's because I'm not a fan of the taste or texture. It's less about the ethics. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ Buddhist vegetarianism is the belief that following a vegetarian diet is implied in the Buddha's teaching.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ In Buddhism, however, the views on vegetarianism vary between different schools of thought.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ According to Theravada, the Buddha allowed his monks to eat pork, chicken and fish if the monk was aware that the animal was not killed on their behalf.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ The Mahayana schools generally recommend a vegetarian diet; according to some sutras the Buddha himself insisted that his followers should not eat the flesh of any sentient being.", "Buddhist vegetarianism __knowledge__ Monks of the Mahayana traditions that follow the Brahma Net Sutra are forbidden by their vows from eating flesh of any kind.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism has its roots in the civilizations of ancient India and ancient Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the theory and practice of voluntary non-consumption of the flesh of any animal (including sea animals), with or without also eschewing other animal derivatives (such as dairy products or eggs).", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ The earliest records of vegetarianism as a concept and practice amongst a significant number of people concern ancient India and the ancient Greek civilizations in southern Italy and Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ In both instances the diet was closely connected with the idea of nonviolence toward animals (called \"ahimsa\" in India), and was promoted by religious groups and philosophers.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is an activist and academic movement which states that all types of oppression are linked and must be eradicated, with a focus on including the domination of humans over nonhuman animals.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Through the feminist concept known as intersectionality, it is recognized that sexism, racism, classism, and other forms of inter human oppression are all connected.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism aims to include the domination of not only the environment but also of nonhuman animals to the list.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is part of the academic and philosophical field of ecofeminism, which states that the ways in which the privileged dominates the oppressed should include the way humans dominate nature.", "Buddhist cuisine __knowledge__ Buddhist cuisine is an East Asian cuisine which is followed by monks and many believers from areas historically influenced by Chinese Buddhism.", "Buddhist cuisine __knowledge__ It is vegetarian or vegan, and it is based on the Dharmic concept of ahimsa (non-violence).", "Buddhist cuisine __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is common in other Dharmic faiths such as Hinduism, Jainism and Sikhism as well as East Asian religions like Taoism.", "Buddhist cuisine __knowledge__ While monks and a minority of believers are vegetarian year-round, many believers follow the Buddhist vegetarian diet temporarily, similar to Christian Lent.", "Buddhist cuisine __knowledge__ Vegetarian cuisine is known as \"sùshí\" (素食) (\"vegetarian food\"), \"chúnsù\" (纯素) (\"pure vegetarian\"), \"zhāicài\" (斋菜) (\"lent / fasting food\") in China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan; \"đồ chay\" in Vietnam; in Japan; \"sachal eumsik\" (\"temple food\") in Korea; \"jay (เจ)\" in Thailand and by other names in many countries.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ Buddhist ethics are traditionally based on what Buddhists view as the enlightened perspective of the Buddha, or other enlightened beings such as Bodhisattvas.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ The Indian term for ethics or morality used in Buddhism is Śīla () or sīla (Pāli).", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ Śīla in Buddhism is one of three sections of the Noble Eightfold Path, and is a code of conduct that embraces a commitment to harmony and self-restraint with the principal motivation being non-violence, or freedom from causing harm.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ It has been variously described as virtue, right conduct, morality, moral discipline and precept.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ \"Sīla\" is an internal, aware, and intentional ethical behavior, according to one's commitment to the path of liberation.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ Diet in Hinduism varies with its diverse traditions.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ The ancient and medieval Hindu texts do not explicitly prohibit eating meat, but they do strongly recommend ahimsa—non-violence against all life forms including animals.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ Many Hindus prefer a vegetarian or lacto-vegetarian lifestyle, and methods of food production that are in sync with nature, compassionate, and respectful of other life forms as well as nature.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ The diet of Hindus usually does not include eggs, fish or meat.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ However, if included, Hindus often favor \"jhatka\" (quick death) style preparation of meat since Hindus believe that this method minimizes trauma and suffering to the animal." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Lobster __knowledge__ Lobsters comprise a family (Nephropidae, sometimes also Homaridae) of large marine crustaceans.", "Lobster __knowledge__ Lobsters have long bodies with muscular tails, and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor.", "Lobster __knowledge__ Three of their five pairs of legs have claws, including the first pair, which are usually much larger than the others.", "Lobster __knowledge__ Highly prized as seafood, lobsters are economically important, and are often one of the most profitable commodities in coastal areas they populate.", "Lobster __knowledge__ Commercially important species include two species of \"Homarus\" (which looks more like the stereotypical lobster) from the northern Atlantic Ocean, and scampi (which looks more like a shrimp, or a \"mini lobster\") – the Northern Hemisphere genus \"Nephrops\" and the Southern Hemisphere genus \"Metanephrops\".", "American lobster __knowledge__ The American lobster, Homarus americanus, is a species of lobster found on the Atlantic coast of North America, chiefly from Labrador to New Jersey.", "American lobster __knowledge__ It is also known as Atlantic lobster, Canadian lobster, true lobster, northern lobster, Canadian Reds, or Maine lobster.", "American lobster __knowledge__ It can reach a body length of , and a mass of over , making it not only the heaviest crustacean in the world, but also the heaviest of all living arthropod species.", "American lobster __knowledge__ Its closest relative is the European lobster \"Homarus gammarus\", which can be distinguished by its coloration and the lack of spines on the underside of the rostrum.", "American lobster __knowledge__ American lobsters are usually bluish green to brown with red spines, but several color variations have been observed.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden Restaurants, Inc. is an American multi-brand restaurant operator headquartered in Orlando.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of April 2017, the firm owns eight casual dining restaurant chains: Olive Garden, LongHorn Steakhouse, Bahama Breeze, Seasons 52, Eddie V's Prime Seafood, The Capital Grille, Yard House and Cheddar's Scratch Kitchen (the latter having been acquired on April 24, 2017).", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Until July 28, 2014, Darden also owned Red Lobster.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden has more than 1,500 restaurant locations and more than 150,000 employees, making it the world's largest full-service restaurant company.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of 2012, Darden is the only Fortune 500 company with its corporate headquarters in Greater Orlando.", "Red Lobster __knowledge__ Red Lobster Hospitality LLC is an American casual dining restaurant chain headquartered in Orlando, Florida.", "Red Lobster __knowledge__ The company has operations in Canada, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Mexico, and Japan, in addition to the United States.", "Red Lobster __knowledge__ As of February 24, 2013, the company had 705 locations worldwide.", "Red Lobster __knowledge__ Golden Gate Capital has been Red Lobster's parent company since it was acquired from Darden Restaurants on July 28, 2014.", "Red Lobster __knowledge__ On August 6, 2014, Red Lobster announced their new headquarters location in CNL Center City Commons in Orlando.", "Red Lobster __knowledge__ On March 6, 2015, Red Lobster officially opened the Restaurant Support Center.", "Miskito people __knowledge__ The Miskito are an indigenous ethnic group in Central America, of whom many are mixed race.", "Miskito people __knowledge__ In the northern end of their territory, the people are primarily of African-Native American ancestry; others are of mixed African-Native American and English descent.", "Miskito people __knowledge__ Their territory extends from Cape Camarón, Honduras, to Río Grande, Nicaragua, along the Mosquito Coast, in the Western Caribbean Zone.", "Miskito people __knowledge__ Their population is estimated at 180,000 people as of 2016.", "Miskito people __knowledge__ The indigenous people speak a native Miskito language, but large groups also speak Miskito creole English, Spanish, which is the language of education and government, and other languages.", "Lobster (magazine) __knowledge__ Lobster is a magazine that is interested primarily in the influence of intelligence and security services on politics and world trade, what it calls \"deep politics\" or \"parapolitics\".", "Lobster (magazine) __knowledge__ It combines the examination of conspiracy theories and contemporary history.", "Lobster (magazine) __knowledge__ \"Lobster\" is edited and published in the United Kingdom and has appeared twice a year for years, at first in 16-page A5 format, then as an A4 magazine.", "Lobster (magazine) __knowledge__ Operating on a shoestring, its distinguished contributors include academics and others.", "Lobster (magazine) __knowledge__ Since 2009 it is distributed as a free downloadable PDF document.", "Lobster (magazine) __knowledge__ According to the \"Hull Daily Mail\", \"Lobster\" 'investigates government conspiracies, state espionage and the secret service.'", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Red meat __knowledge__ Commonly, especially in gastronomy, red meat is red when raw and dark in color when cooked, in contrast to white meat which is pale in color before and after cooking and dark meat which is dark when cooked.", "Red meat __knowledge__ In cooking, only flesh from mammals or fowl is classified as red or white.", "Red meat __knowledge__ In nutritional science, on the other hand, red meat is defined as any meat that has more myoglobin than white meat, white meat being defined as non-dark meat from chicken (excluding leg or thigh), or fish.", "Red meat __knowledge__ Some meat, such as pork, is red meat under the nutritional definition, and white meat using the common or gastronomic definition.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu, also known as bean curd, is a food cultivated by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curds into soft white blocks.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is a component in East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu can be soft, firm, or extra firm.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a subtle flavor and can be used in savory and sweet dishes.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is often seasoned or marinated to suit the dish.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a low calorie count and relatively large amounts of protein.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is high in iron, and it can have a high calcium or magnesium content, depending on the coagulants used in manufacturing (e.g.", "Tofu __knowledge__ calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate).", "Scallop __knowledge__ Scallop () is a common name that is primarily applied to any one of numerous species of saltwater clams or marine bivalve mollusks in the taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops.", "Scallop __knowledge__ However, the common name \"scallop\" is also sometimes applied to species in other closely related families within the superfamily Pectinoidea, which also includes the thorny oysters.", "Scallop __knowledge__ Scallops are a cosmopolitan family of bivalves which are found in all of the world's oceans, although never in freshwater.", "Scallop __knowledge__ They are one of very few groups of bivalves to be primarily \"free-living\", with many species capable of rapidly swimming short distances and even of migrating some distance across the ocean floor.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "List of Death Note characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Death Note\" features an extensive cast of fictional characters designed by Takeshi Obata with their storylines created by Tsugumi Ohba.", "List of Death Note characters __knowledge__ In the fictional stories featured in the \"Death Note\" universe, Tsugumi Ohba, the story writer, created characters that lived in a world featuring a notebook in which names written on it would lead to the ones named to die, typically the cause of death being a heart attack when otherwise not specified.", "List of Death Note characters __knowledge__ The story follows the novel of a character named \"Light Yagami\", who uses the notebook he found in order to \"cleanse\" the world of those humans which he deemed unfit for society.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "Vegetarianism is something that I could never do. Abstaining from eating meat would just ruin my life haha.", "I could probably abstain from eating some seafood, but red meat and poultry? No way.", "I quite like scallops and shrimp. On another note, vegetarians are that way for many different reasons.", "I can see that, though some people do it for health reasons and environmental reasons too." ]

[ "Vegetarianism", "Vegetarianism", "Vegetarianism", "Vegetarianism" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "i think it is great for the mind", "I think it just helps the mind grow and expand" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ The mind–body problem is a paradigm issue in philosophy of mind, although other issues are addressed, such as the hard problem of consciousness, and the nature of particular mental states.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Aspects of the mind that are studied include mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness, the ontology of the mind, the nature of thought, and the relationship of the mind to the body.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Dualism and monism are the two central schools of thought on the mind–body problem, although nuanced views have arisen that do not fit one or the other category neatly.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge __knowledge__ A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (commonly called \"Treatise\" when referring to Berkeley's works) is a 1710 work, in English, by Anglo-Irish Empiricist philosopher George Berkeley.", "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge __knowledge__ This book largely seeks to refute the claims made by Berkeley's contemporary John Locke about the nature of human perception.", "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge __knowledge__ Whilst, like all the Empiricist philosophers, both Locke and Berkeley agreed that we are having experiences, regardless of whether material objects exist, Berkeley sought to prove that the outside world (the world which causes the ideas one has within one's mind) is also composed \"solely\" of ideas.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Theory of mind (often abbreviated ToM) is the ability to attribute mental states—beliefs, intents, desires, pretending, knowledge, etc.—to oneself, and to others, and to understand that others have beliefs, desires, intentions, and perspectives that are different from one's own.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Deficits can occur in people with autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cocaine addiction, and brain damage suffered from alcohol's neurotoxicity.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Although philosophical approaches to this exist, the theory of mind as such is distinct from the philosophy of mind.", "Theory of mind __knowledge__ Theory of mind is a theory insofar as the mind is the only thing being directly observed.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Miscue analysis was originally developed by Ken Goodman for the purpose of understanding the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ It is a diagnostic tool that helps researchers/teachers gain insight into the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ The term \"miscue\" was initiated by Ken Goodman to describe an observed response in the reading process that does not match the expected response.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Goodman uses the term \"miscue,\" rather than \"error\" or \"mistake\" to avoid value implications.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ He states that the departures from the text are not necessarily a negative aspect of the reading process but rather \"windows on the reading process\" (Goodman, 1969, p. 123).", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ Eye movement in music reading is the scanning of a musical score by a musician's eyes.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ This usually occurs as the music is read during performance, although musicians sometimes scan music silently to study it.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ The phenomenon has been studied by researchers from a range of backgrounds, including cognitive psychology and music education.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ These studies have typically reflected a curiosity among performing musicians about a central process in their craft, and a hope that investigating eye movement might help in the development of more effective methods of training musicians' sight reading skills.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ A central aspect of music reading is the sequence of alternating saccades and fixations, as it is for most oculomotor tasks.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Reader-response criticism is a school of literary theory that focuses on the reader (or \"audience\") and their experience of a literary work, in contrast to other schools and theories that focus attention primarily on the author or the content and form of the work.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Although literary theory has long paid some attention to the reader's role in creating the meaning and experience of a literary work, modern reader-response criticism began in the 1960s and '70s, particularly in the US and Germany, in work by Norman Holland, Stanley Fish, Wolfgang Iser, Hans-Robert Jauss, Roland Barthes, and others.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Important predecessors were I.", "Typography __knowledge__ Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and appealing when displayed.", "Typography __knowledge__ The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces, point sizes, line lengths, line-spacing (leading), and letter-spacing (tracking), and adjusting the space between pairs of letters (kerning).", "Typography __knowledge__ The term typography is also applied to the style, arrangement, and appearance of the letters, numbers, and symbols created by the process.", "Typography __knowledge__ Type design is a closely related craft, sometimes considered part of typography; most typographers do not design typefaces, and some type designers do not consider themselves typographers.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Frank Smith (psycholinguist) __knowledge__ Frank Smith is a contemporary psycholinguist recognized for his contributions in linguistics and cognitive psychology, both nationally and internationally, over the past 35 years.", "Frank Smith (psycholinguist) __knowledge__ He is regarded as an essential contributor to research on the nature of the reading process together with researchers such as George Armitage Miller, Kenneth S. Goodman (see Ken Goodman), Paul A. Kolers, Jane W. Torrey, Jane Mackworth, Richard Venezky, Robert Calfee, and Julian Hochberg.", "Frank Smith (psycholinguist) __knowledge__ Smith and Goodman are founders of whole-language approach for reading instruction.", "Frank Smith (psycholinguist) __knowledge__ He is the author of numerous books and his books have been republished through several editions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Tongue River (Montana) __knowledge__ The Tongue River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, approximately 265 mi (426 km) long, in the U.S. states of Wyoming and Montana.", "Tongue River (Montana) __knowledge__ The Tongue rises in Wyoming in the Big Horn Mountains, flows through northern Wyoming and southeastern Montana and empties into the Yellowstone River at Miles City, Montana.", "Tongue River (Montana) __knowledge__ Most of the course of the river is through the beautiful and varied landscapes of eastern Montana, including the Tongue River Canyon, the Tongue River breaks, the pine hills of southern Montana, and the buttes and grasslands that were formerly the home of vast migratory herds of American bison.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ This article contains detailed descriptions of characters of the teen sci-fi TV show \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Like many other soaps the series had a large number of characters that increased as the series progressed.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Most of the main characters were members of the Mall Rats at one point or another.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice, played by Vanessa Stacey, is a member of the Mall Rats on the television series \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She originally was the leader of the Farm Girls.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She appears in episodes 132, 203 - 352, 547 - 548, 551.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice is fun loving and can be rowdy, but deep down she is kind and sensitive and has wisdom.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She is angry at injustice and has a hot temper.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Miscue analysis was originally developed by Ken Goodman for the purpose of understanding the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ It is a diagnostic tool that helps researchers/teachers gain insight into the reading process.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ The term \"miscue\" was initiated by Ken Goodman to describe an observed response in the reading process that does not match the expected response.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ Goodman uses the term \"miscue,\" rather than \"error\" or \"mistake\" to avoid value implications.", "Miscue analysis __knowledge__ He states that the departures from the text are not necessarily a negative aspect of the reading process but rather \"windows on the reading process\" (Goodman, 1969, p. 123).", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ Eye movement in music reading is the scanning of a musical score by a musician's eyes.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ This usually occurs as the music is read during performance, although musicians sometimes scan music silently to study it.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ The phenomenon has been studied by researchers from a range of backgrounds, including cognitive psychology and music education.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ These studies have typically reflected a curiosity among performing musicians about a central process in their craft, and a hope that investigating eye movement might help in the development of more effective methods of training musicians' sight reading skills.", "Eye movement in music reading __knowledge__ A central aspect of music reading is the sequence of alternating saccades and fixations, as it is for most oculomotor tasks.", "Aesthetic interpretation __knowledge__ An interpretation in philosophy of art, is an explanation of the meaning of some work of art.", "Aesthetic interpretation __knowledge__ An aesthetic interpretation expresses a particular emotional or experiential understanding most often used in reference to a poem, or piece of literature, and may also apply to a work of visual art, or performance.", "Aesthetic interpretation __knowledge__ Readers may approach reading a text from different starting points.", "Aesthetic interpretation __knowledge__ A student assigned to interpret a poem for class comes at reading differently from someone on the beach reading a novel for escapist pleasure.", "Aesthetic interpretation __knowledge__ \"Interpretation\" implies the conscious task of making sense out of a piece of writing that may not be clear at first glance or that may reward deeper reading even if it at first appears perfectly clear.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Reader-response criticism is a school of literary theory that focuses on the reader (or \"audience\") and their experience of a literary work, in contrast to other schools and theories that focus attention primarily on the author or the content and form of the work.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Although literary theory has long paid some attention to the reader's role in creating the meaning and experience of a literary work, modern reader-response criticism began in the 1960s and '70s, particularly in the US and Germany, in work by Norman Holland, Stanley Fish, Wolfgang Iser, Hans-Robert Jauss, Roland Barthes, and others.", "Reader-response criticism __knowledge__ Important predecessors were I.", "Typography __knowledge__ Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and appealing when displayed.", "Typography __knowledge__ The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces, point sizes, line lengths, line-spacing (leading), and letter-spacing (tracking), and adjusting the space between pairs of letters (kerning).", "Typography __knowledge__ The term typography is also applied to the style, arrangement, and appearance of the letters, numbers, and symbols created by the process.", "Typography __knowledge__ Type design is a closely related craft, sometimes considered part of typography; most typographers do not design typefaces, and some type designers do not consider themselves typographers.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Education in Ethiopia has been dominated by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church for many centuries until secular education was adopted in the early 1900s.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Prior to 1974, Ethiopia had an estimated illiteracy rate well above 90% and compared poorly with the rest of Africa in the provision of schools and universities.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ After 1974 revolution, emphasis was placed on increasing literacy in rural areas.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Practical subjects were stressed, as was the teaching of socialism.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ By 2015, the literacy rate had increased to 49.1%, though this is still poor compared to most of the rest of Africa.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Recently, there has been massive expansion throughout the educational system." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 82 ]

[ "The reading process is complex but wonderful.", "It is great. Repetition of practice is needed to get good at the reading process.", "Language comprehension and being able to keep up with printed text is needed." ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Red hair", "That's cool, I'm a brunette, and my brother is a red head. This is super rare then.", "I think he does, He got the irish side, I got the Cherokee side." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Lorna Mills __knowledge__ Lorna Mills is a Canadian Net.art and new media artist who is known for her digital animations, videos, and GIFs.", "Lorna Mills __knowledge__ Mills has done work in other mediums such as installations.", "Lorna Mills __knowledge__ Her work explores how “the notion of public decency is anachronistic” Her use of GIFs are gathered through the dark net which includes 4chan, pornfails, and Russian domains.", "Lorna Mills __knowledge__ She currently lives and works in Toronto, Canada.", "Lorna Mills __knowledge__ Lorna Mills was born in Yorkton, Saskatchewan.", "Lorna Mills __knowledge__ From 1993-1994 she studied Digital Media Studies at the Information Technology Design Center at the University of Toronto.", "Lorna Mills __knowledge__ Before doing digital works, she worked with analog with Super 8 film, video, painting and photography.", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ The Battle Cats is a free-to-play strategy tower defense game developed by PONOS for iOS and Android mobile devices which first emerged in Japan under the name Nyanko Daisensou (meaning \"The Great Cat War\").", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ The Battle Cats premiered on the Japanese iOS App Store in November 2011 under the name of \"Battle Cats\", with Android support following in December of that same year.", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ It has sustained immense popularity in Japan and Korea over the last several years, with an English version briefly appearing on the English-language iTunes/Google Play stores in 2012.", "The Battle Cats __knowledge__ But it later was deleted in both the US Google Play Stores and App Store.", "Dragon Ball Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The Dragon Ball Collectible Card Game (Dragon Ball CCG) is a collectible card game based on the \"Dragon Ball\" franchise, first published by Bandai on July 18, 2008.", "Dragon Ball Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ Bandai relaunched the card game on July 28, 2017.", "Dragon Ball Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The game was previously released in other countries before making its debut in the United States.", "Dragon Ball Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The game features exclusive artwork from all 3 anime series (\"Dragon Ball\", \"Z\", and \"GT\") never before seen in the U.S.", "Dragon Ball Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ In the 2017 relaunch of the card game, Bandai plans to introduce characters from \"Dragon Ball Xenoverse\".", "Dragon Ball Collectible Card Game __knowledge__ The game has similarities to the other CCG created by Bandai, the \"Naruto Collectible Card Game\".", "Pirates Constructible Strategy Game __knowledge__ The Pirates Constructible Strategy Game is a tabletop game manufactured by WizKids, Inc., with aspects of both miniatures game and collectible card game genres.", "Pirates Constructible Strategy Game __knowledge__ \"Pirates of the Spanish Main\" (the initial release of the \"Pirates\" line) is the world's first \"constructible strategy game,\" referring to the mechanics of creating game pieces from components that punch out of styrene cards.", "Pirates Constructible Strategy Game __knowledge__ The game was created by Jordan Weisman and designed by Mike Mulvihill, Ethan Pasternack, James Ernest, and Mike Selinker.", "Pirates Constructible Strategy Game __knowledge__ It was released in early July 2004.", "Pirates Constructible Strategy Game __knowledge__ There was also an online computer game based on Pirates of the Spanish Main by Sony Online Entertainment called Pirates CSG Online, which ended on 1/31/2011.", "Blonde versus brunette rivalry __knowledge__ One aspect of how women are portrayed in popular culture is a purported rivalry between blondes and brunettes.", "Blonde versus brunette rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is a cultural phenomenon found in many countries that have significant populations of both blondes and brunettes to include: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Germany, New Zealand, the Republic of Ireland, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.", "Blonde versus brunette rivalry __knowledge__ In the United States, evidence of a blonde versus brunette rivalry is common in the popular media and especially in television and film.", "Blonde versus brunette rivalry __knowledge__ The tension between blondes and brunettes dates back to at least ancient Greece where women with blonde hair were prized for their beauty and other women used chemical formulas to lighten their dark hair as a means of heightening their sexual attractivness with men.", "Doctor Who merchandise __knowledge__ The long-running British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\" has since its beginnings in 1963 generated many hundreds of products related to the show, from toys and games to picture cards and postage stamps.", "Doctor Who merchandise __knowledge__ This article is not an exhaustive list of merchandise but attempts to present a flavour of the type of material that has been produced.", "Doctor Who merchandise __knowledge__ This entry mainly concentrates on \"official\" spin-offs, that is to say, material sanctioned by the British Broadcasting Corporation, which produces the series.", "Doctor Who merchandise __knowledge__ Featuring William Hartnell as The Doctor.", "Doctor Who merchandise __knowledge__ Gameplay involves players attempting to avoid the Daleks while travelling around the gameboard.", "Marvel Superstars __knowledge__ Marvel Superstars is an out-of-print collectible card game published by Upper Deck that released in North America in March 2010.", "Marvel Superstars __knowledge__ The cards and game play are inspired by films based on Marvel Comics characters.", "Marvel Superstars __knowledge__ It is the first collectible card game to use characters from Marvel films produced by different studios.", "Marvel Superstars __knowledge__ The card art features scenes from the films.", "Marvel Superstars __knowledge__ Marvel Superstars emulates battles between superhero and supervillain characters from the films.", "Marvel Superstars __knowledge__ Each player selects a leader, which has 50 health.", "Marvel Superstars __knowledge__ When a player's leader has accumulated damage greater than its health, that player loses the game.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ The band's discography has grown to thirty-eight albums, including sixteen studio albums, twelve live albums, four EPs, and seven compilations.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ Pioneers of the new wave of British heavy metal, Iron Maiden achieved initial success during the early 1980s.", "Iron Maiden __knowledge__ After several line-up changes, the band went on to release a series of UK and US platinum and gold albums, including 1982's \"The Number of the Beast\", 1983's \"Piece of Mind\", 1984's \"Powerslave\", 1985's live release \"Live After Death\", 1986's \"Somewhere in Time\" and 1988's \"Seventh Son of a Seventh Son\".", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ An unidentified decedent, or UID, is a deceased person whose legal identity is unable to be determined by law enforcement.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Although the majority of individuals are identified soon after their bodies are recovered, it is not uncommon for bodies to remain unidentified for years or even decades.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ There are approximately 40,000 unidentified decedents in the United States at any given time.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ A deceased body can be identified in several different ways.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Most commonly, a relative of the deceased identifies the body by sight.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ However, if a body is decomposed, skeletal, or unrecognizable due to severe facial trauma at the time of recovery, other methods must be used.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Brown hair is the second most common human hair color, after black hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ It varies from light brown to almost black hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by higher levels of the dark pigment eumelanin and lower levels of the pale pigment pheomelanin.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Its strands are thicker than those of fair hair but not as much as those of red hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ People with brown hair are often referred to as brunette, which in French is the feminine form of \"brunet,\" the diminutive of \"brun\" (brown, brown-haired or dark-haired).", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Brown hair is common among populations in the Western world, especially among those from Central Europe, Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Southern Cone, the United States, and also some populations in the Greater Middle East where it transitions smoothly into black hair.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The \"Angel's Friends\" comic and cartoon series features a cast of characters designed by Giada Perissinotto (comic) and Igor Chimisso (cartoon).", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional town, where four teenage Angels and four teenage Devils, are attending the Golden School to learn the art of being Guardian Angels and Guardian Devils, guarding and tempting the human beings, called Earthly ones.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ Angels come from Angie Town and are ruled by the High Spheres, while Devils are from Sulfur City and are ruled by Low Spheres.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The Angels, called \"Angel's Friends\", are led by the main character, Raf, and are composed of her three friends Uri, Miki and Sweet, while the Devils, called \"Devil's Enemies\", are led by Sulfus and are composed by his friends Kabale, Cabiria and Gas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee–American wars, also known as the Chickamauga Wars, were a series of back-and-forth raids, campaigns, ambushes, minor skirmishes, and several full-scale frontier battles in the Old Southwest from 1776 to 1795 between the Cherokee (\"Ani-Yunwiya\" or \"Nana Waiya\", \"Tsalagi\") and the Americans on the frontier.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ Most of the events took place in the Upper South.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ While their fight stretched across the entire period, there were times, sometimes ranging over several months, of little or no action.", "Cherokee–American wars __knowledge__ The Cherokee leader Dragging Canoe (who has been recorded to have been in early Mobile Alabama), whom some historians call \"the Savage Napoleon\", and his warriors and other Cherokee fought alongside and in conjunction with Indians from a number of other tribes both in the Old Southwest and in the Old Northwest, most often Muscogee (\"Muskokulke\") in the former and the Shawnee (\"Saawanwa\") in the latter.", "Cherokee freedmen controversy __knowledge__ The Cherokee Freedmen Controversy was a political and tribal dispute between the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma and descendants of the Cherokee Freedmen regarding the issue of tribal membership.", "Cherokee freedmen controversy __knowledge__ The controversy had resulted in several legal proceedings between the two parties from the late 20th century to August 2017.", "Cherokee freedmen controversy __knowledge__ During the antebellum period, the Cherokee and other Southeast Native American nations known as the Five Civilized Tribes held African-American slaves as workers and property.", "Cherokee freedmen controversy __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, the Cherokee Freedmen were emancipated and allowed to become citizens of the Cherokee Nation in accordance with a reconstruction treaty made with the United States in 1866.", "Cherokee __knowledge__ The Cherokee (; or ) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands.", "Cherokee __knowledge__ Prior to the 18th century, they were concentrated in southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, and the tips of western South Carolina and northeastern Georgia.", "Cherokee __knowledge__ The Cherokee language is part of the Iroquoian language group.", "Cherokee __knowledge__ In the 19th century, James Mooney, an American ethnographer, recorded one oral tradition that told of the tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian-speaking peoples lived; however, linguist Thomas Whyte writes that the origin of the proto-Iroquoian language was likely the Appalachian region and the split between Northern and Southern Iroquoian languages began 4,000 years ago.", "History of the Cherokee language __knowledge__ This article is a detailed History of the Cherokee Language, the Native American Indian Iroquoian language spoken by the Cherokee people.", "History of the Cherokee language __knowledge__ The Cherokee call their language \"Tsalagi\" () or \"Tslagi\".", "History of the Cherokee language __knowledge__ They refer to themselves as \"Aniyunwiya\" (), which means \"Principal People\".", "History of the Cherokee language __knowledge__ The Iroquois based in New York have historically called the Cherokee \"Oyata’ge'ronoñ\", which means \"inhabitants of the cave country\".", "History of the Cherokee language __knowledge__ Many theories – though none proven – abound about the origin of the name \"Cherokee\".", "History of the Cherokee language __knowledge__ It may have originally been derived from the Choctaw word \"Cha-la-kee\", which means \"those who live in the mountains\", or Choctaw \"Chi-luk-ik-bi,\" meaning \"those who live in the cave country\".", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ Cherokee () is an Iroquoian language and the native language of the Cherokee people.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ There are approximately 12,000 Cherokee speakers out of more than 300,000 tribal members.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ It is the only Southern Iroquoian language and differs significantly from the other Iroquoian languages.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ Cherokee is a polysynthetic language and uses a unique syllabary writing system.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ The dialect of Cherokee in Oklahoma is \"definitely endangered\", and the one in North Carolina is \"severely endangered\" according to UNESCO.", "Cherokee language __knowledge__ The Lower dialect, formerly spoken on the South Carolina–Georgia border, has been extinct since about 1900.", "John Ross (Cherokee chief) __knowledge__ John Ross (October 3, 1790 – August 1, 1866), also known as Koo-wi-s-gu-wi (meaning in Cherokee: \"Mysterious Little White Bird\"), was the Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation from 1828–1866, serving longer in this position than any other person.", "John Ross (Cherokee chief) __knowledge__ Described as the Moses of his people, Ross influenced the Indian nation through such tumultuous events as the relocation to Indian Territory and the American Civil War.", "John Ross (Cherokee chief) __knowledge__ John Ross was the son of a Cherokee mother and a Scottish father.", "John Ross (Cherokee chief) __knowledge__ His mother and maternal grandmother were of mixed Scots-Cherokee ancestry, since his maternal grandfather was another Scottish immigrant.", "Cherokee Nation __knowledge__ The Cherokee Nation (Cherokee: ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ, \"Tsalagihi Ayeli\"), also known as the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, is the largest of three Cherokee federally recognized tribes in the United States.", "Cherokee Nation __knowledge__ It was established in the 20th century and includes people descended from members of the Old Cherokee Nation who relocated from the Southeast due to increasing pressure to Indian Territory and Cherokee who were forced to relocate on the Trail of Tears.", "Cherokee Nation __knowledge__ The tribe also includes descendants of Cherokee Freedmen and Natchez Nation.", "Cherokee Nation __knowledge__ Over 299,862 people are enrolled in the Cherokee Nation, with 189,228 living within the state of Oklahoma.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape in peas.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics is the study of genes—what they are, what they do, and how they work.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genes inside the nucleus of a cell are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit various features (phenotypic traits).", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell—gene expression; and how a cell divides—mitosis or meiosis.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ Equine coat color genetics determine a horse's coat color.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ There are many different coat colors possible, but all colors are produced by the action of only a few genes.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ The combination of the extension and agouti loci determine the base coat of a horse.Bay is the original \"wild type\" color of horses.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ Ancient remains of horses were tested to be of bay base coat color.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ The Dun test was not available at the time, but those horses were also dun.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ (EE AA DD) Red horses were created with a modification of the extension locus.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ Dominant extension mutated into a recessive form.", "Equine coat color genetics __knowledge__ When the horse is homozygous for recessive extension (or ee), the horse's base coat will be red.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Mendelian inheritance is a type of biological inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866 and re-discovered in 1900.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ These laws were initially controversial.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Ronald Fisher combined these ideas with the theory of natural selection in his 1930 book \"The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection\", putting evolution onto a mathematical footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ In poultry standards, solid white is coloration of plumage in chickens (\"Gallus gallus domesticus\") characterized by a uniform pure white color across all feathers, which is not generally associated with depigmentation in any other part of the body.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ Color is an important feature of most living organisms.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ In the wild, color has great significance affecting the survival and reproductive success of the species.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ The environmental constraints which lead to the specific colors of birds and animals are very strong and individuals of novel colors tend not to survive.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ Under domestication, mankind has transformed all the species involved which have thus been freed from environmental pressures to a large extent." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 4 ]

[ "I have brown hair but my daughter is a red head. Must be somewhere back in our family line because only 1-2% of people have it naturally.", "That is amazing that you have a red head in your family too! ha ha. I was reading about it and its a recessive allele on chromosome 16 that changes a protein that causes red hair. So, genetics! Does your brother like his red hair?", "Does he have deep burgundy hair or more a bright copper? My daughter's is more a vibrant strawberry blonde. There are so many different hues." ]

[ "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair" ]

[ "Kobe beef\nIve been wanting to try some kobe beef lately but I dont even know anything about it, Can you tell me what it is? ", "Oh wow its that old?! Dang, Is kobe beef a type of steak or what? ", "That sounds awesome, i know that japanese people make really good food. Do you know of any good kobe beef recipes? ", "Yeah I like grilling mine too, I think I should start using more parsley but IDK, Is kobe beef particularly healthy? ", "Wow thats awesome, I guess I'll have to try some then, Any other facts about kobe beef I should know about? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Kobe beef is also called , or in Japanese.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Cattle were brought to Japan from China at the same time as the cultivation of rice, in about the second century AD, in the Yayoi period.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Until about the time of the Meiji Restoration in 1868, they were used only as draught animals, in agriculture, forestry, mining and for transport, and as a source of fertiliser.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Milk consumption was unknown, and – for cultural and religious reasons – meat was not eaten.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Japan was effectively isolated from the rest of the world from 1635 until 1854; there was no possibility of intromission of foreign genes to the cattle population during this time.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between 1868, the year of the Meiji Restoration, and 1887, some 2600 foreign cattle were imported, including Braunvieh, Shorthorn, and Devon.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between about 1900 and 1910 there was extensive cross-breeding of these with native stock.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ From 1919, the various heterogeneous regional populations that resulted from this brief period of cross-breeding were registered and selected as \"Improved Japanese Cattle\".", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Four separate strains were characterised, based mainly on which type of foreign cattle had most influenced the hybrids, and were recognised as breeds in 1944.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ These were the four wagyū breeds, the Japanese Black, the Japanese Brown, the Japanese Polled and the Japanese Shorthorn.", "Kobe __knowledge__ The earliest written records regarding the region come from the \"Nihon Shoki\", which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201.", "Kobe __knowledge__ For most of its history, the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Its name comes from , an archaic title for supporters of the city's Ikuta Shrine.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe became one of Japan's 17 designated cities in 1956.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the 1853 end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan and Nuclear free zone port city.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ Mostarda di frutta (sometime also called only mostarda) is a Northern Italian condiment made of candied fruit and a mustard-flavoured syrup.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ Commercially the essential oil of mustard is employed, which has the advantage of transparency; in home cooking, mustard powder heated in white wine may be used.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ Traditionally \"mostarda\" was served with boiled meats, the \"bollito misto\" which is a speciality of northern Italian cooking.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ More recently it has become a popular accompaniment to cheeses.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ \"Mostarda di Cremona\" or \"mostarda cremonese\" (from Cremona) is made with several kinds of different fruit, and is the version that typifies \"mostarda di frutta\".", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The , also known as the Kobe foreign concession, was a foreign settlement located about 3.5 kilometers east of the Port of Kobe, in the future Chūō-ku of Kobe, Japan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ Established based on the Ansei Treaties, it existed from January 1, 1868, to July 16, 1899.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The site was located between the to the east, the (site of a future thoroughfare) to the west, the sea to the south, and the highway to the north.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ It had an area of 78,000 \"tsubo\" (about 25.8 hectares), and was developed based on a logical urban plan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ For these reasons, it has been praised as the \"best-planned foreign settlement in the Orient\".", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Giraudi Group is based in the Principality of Monaco and is made up of various companies in the sectors of meat trading and import/export, restaurants and lifestyle.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Initially, the primary business of Giraudi was dealing with import/export within the meat industry.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Founded by Erminio Giraudi in the 1960s, the group established itself in Monaco in the middle of the 1970s.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ The company has developed and diversified into other domains, notably restaurants concepts and various lifestyle products.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Gradually, Giraudi became one of the European leaders in trading and import/export of meat.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ The Monegasque group is the primary exporter of French beef, and Dutch veal whilst also being the European leader in the import of hormone-free US Black Angus, Australian and Canadian Black Angus beef." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Kobe beef is also called , or in Japanese.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Cattle were brought to Japan from China at the same time as the cultivation of rice, in about the second century AD, in the Yayoi period.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Until about the time of the Meiji Restoration in 1868, they were used only as draught animals, in agriculture, forestry, mining and for transport, and as a source of fertiliser.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Milk consumption was unknown, and – for cultural and religious reasons – meat was not eaten.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Japan was effectively isolated from the rest of the world from 1635 until 1854; there was no possibility of intromission of foreign genes to the cattle population during this time.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between 1868, the year of the Meiji Restoration, and 1887, some 2600 foreign cattle were imported, including Braunvieh, Shorthorn, and Devon.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between about 1900 and 1910 there was extensive cross-breeding of these with native stock.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ From 1919, the various heterogeneous regional populations that resulted from this brief period of cross-breeding were registered and selected as \"Improved Japanese Cattle\".", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Four separate strains were characterised, based mainly on which type of foreign cattle had most influenced the hybrids, and were recognised as breeds in 1944.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ These were the four wagyū breeds, the Japanese Black, the Japanese Brown, the Japanese Polled and the Japanese Shorthorn.", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Kobe __knowledge__ The earliest written records regarding the region come from the \"Nihon Shoki\", which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201.", "Kobe __knowledge__ For most of its history, the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Its name comes from , an archaic title for supporters of the city's Ikuta Shrine.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe became one of Japan's 17 designated cities in 1956.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the 1853 end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan and Nuclear free zone port city.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The , also known as the Kobe foreign concession, was a foreign settlement located about 3.5 kilometers east of the Port of Kobe, in the future Chūō-ku of Kobe, Japan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ Established based on the Ansei Treaties, it existed from January 1, 1868, to July 16, 1899.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The site was located between the to the east, the (site of a future thoroughfare) to the west, the sea to the south, and the highway to the north.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ It had an area of 78,000 \"tsubo\" (about 25.8 hectares), and was developed based on a logical urban plan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ For these reasons, it has been praised as the \"best-planned foreign settlement in the Orient\".", "Flat iron steak __knowledge__ Flat iron steak (US), butlers' steak (UK), or oyster blade steak (Australia and New Zealand) is a cut of steak cut with the grain from the shoulder of the animal.", "Flat iron steak __knowledge__ This produces a flavorful cut that is a bit tough because it contains a gristly fascia membrane unless removed.", "Flat iron steak __knowledge__ Some restaurants offer it on their menu, often at lower price than the more popular rib-eye and strip steaks of the same grade.", "Flat iron steak __knowledge__ This is used, in some places, as a means of selling a less expensive cut from the same animal, for example Kobe beef.", "Flat iron steak __knowledge__ This cut of steak is from the shoulder of a beef animal.", "Flat iron steak __knowledge__ It is located adjacent to the heart of the shoulder clod, under the seven or paddle bone (shoulder blade or scapula).", "Yayoi period __knowledge__ The is an Iron Age era in the history of Japan traditionally dated 300 BC–300 AD.", "Yayoi period __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, scholars have argued that a period previously classified as a transition from the Jōmon period should be reclassified as Early Yayoi.", "Yayoi period __knowledge__ The date of the beginning of this transition is controversial, with estimates ranging from the 10th to the 6th centuries BC.", "Yayoi period __knowledge__ The period is named after the neighborhood of Tokyo where archaeologists first uncovered artifacts and features from that era.", "Yayoi period __knowledge__ Distinguishing characteristics of the Yayoi period include the appearance of new Yayoi pottery styles and the start of an intensive rice agriculture in paddy fields.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Jōmon period, named after its \"cord-marked\" pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC, when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese \"Book of Han\" in the first century AD.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Between the fourth century and the ninth century, Japan's many kingdoms and tribes gradually came to be unified under a centralized government, nominally controlled by the Emperor.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ This imperial dynasty continues to reign over Japan.", "Magatama __knowledge__ Magatama first appeared in Japan in the Final Jōmon period, c. 1000 to 300 BCE, and in this period magatama were made from relatively simple, naturally occurring materials, including clay, talc, slate, quartz, gneiss, jadeite, nephrite, and serpentinite.", "Magatama __knowledge__ They lack the uniformity of design found in magatama produced in later periods.", "Magatama __knowledge__ Magatama from the Jōmon period were irregularly shaped, lacked continuity in form from region to region, and have been called \"Stone Age magatama\" for this reason.", "Magatama __knowledge__ Magatama are thought to be an imitation of the teeth of large animals, pierced with a hole, which are found in earlier Jōmon remains.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ Worldwide, approximately 129 million people are of Japanese descent; of these, approximately 125 million are residents of Japan.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ People of Japanese ancestry who live outside Japan are referred to as the , the Japanese diaspora.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ The term \"ethnic Japanese\" may also be used in some contexts to refer to particular ethnic groups, including the Yamato (the dominant ethnic group, comprising over 120 million), Ainu, and Ryukyuan people.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ The Japanese language is a Japonic language that in the past was treated as a language isolate; it is related to the Ryukyuan languages.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ The Japanese language has a tripartite writing system using Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji.", "Ryukyuan people __knowledge__ The ; also Lewchewan or ) are the indigenous peoples of the Ryukyu Islands between the islands of Kyushu and Taiwan.", "Ryukyuan people __knowledge__ Politically, they live in either Okinawa Prefecture or Kagoshima Prefecture.", "Ryukyuan people __knowledge__ Their languages make up the Ryukyuan language family, considered to be one of the two branches of the Japonic language family, the other being Japanese and its dialects.", "Ryukyuan people __knowledge__ Ryukyuans are not a recognized minority group in Japan, as Japanese authorities consider them just a subgroup of the Japanese people, akin to the Yamato people and Ainu.", "Ryukyuan people __knowledge__ Although unrecognized, Ryukyuans constitute the largest ethnolinguistic minority group in Japan, with 1.3 million living in Okinawa Prefecture alone.", "Civil war of Wa __knowledge__ The Civil war of Wa or was a period of disturbances and warfare in ancient Japan (Wa) during the late Yayoi period (2nd century AD).", "Civil war of Wa __knowledge__ It is the oldest war in Japan that has been documented in writing.", "Civil war of Wa __knowledge__ Peace was restored around 180, when the shaman queen Himiko (Pimiko) of Yamataikoku took control of the region.", "Civil war of Wa __knowledge__ The war falls into Japan's protohistoric period.", "Civil war of Wa __knowledge__ While the earliest Japanese national chronicles Kojiki and Nihon Shoki begin their accounts from the Age of the Gods, they are largely mythological in nature, and the account in the Nihon Shoki is reliable as a history only after about the late 6th century.", "Kofun __knowledge__ The kofun tumuli have assumed various shapes throughout history.", "Kofun __knowledge__ The most common type of kofun is known as a , which is shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above.", "Kofun __knowledge__ There are also circular-type (), \"two conjoined rectangles\" typed (), and square-type () kofun.", "Kofun __knowledge__ Orientation of kofun is not specified.", "Kofun __knowledge__ For example, in the Saki Kofun group, all of the circular parts are facing north, but there is no such formation in the Yanagimoto kofun group.", "Kofun __knowledge__ Haniwa, terracotta figures, were arrayed above and in the surroundings to delimit and protect the sacred areas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Kobe beef is also called , or in Japanese.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Cattle were brought to Japan from China at the same time as the cultivation of rice, in about the second century AD, in the Yayoi period.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Until about the time of the Meiji Restoration in 1868, they were used only as draught animals, in agriculture, forestry, mining and for transport, and as a source of fertiliser.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Milk consumption was unknown, and – for cultural and religious reasons – meat was not eaten.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Japan was effectively isolated from the rest of the world from 1635 until 1854; there was no possibility of intromission of foreign genes to the cattle population during this time.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between 1868, the year of the Meiji Restoration, and 1887, some 2600 foreign cattle were imported, including Braunvieh, Shorthorn, and Devon.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between about 1900 and 1910 there was extensive cross-breeding of these with native stock.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ From 1919, the various heterogeneous regional populations that resulted from this brief period of cross-breeding were registered and selected as \"Improved Japanese Cattle\".", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Four separate strains were characterised, based mainly on which type of foreign cattle had most influenced the hybrids, and were recognised as breeds in 1944.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ These were the four wagyū breeds, the Japanese Black, the Japanese Brown, the Japanese Polled and the Japanese Shorthorn.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The , also known as the Kobe foreign concession, was a foreign settlement located about 3.5 kilometers east of the Port of Kobe, in the future Chūō-ku of Kobe, Japan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ Established based on the Ansei Treaties, it existed from January 1, 1868, to July 16, 1899.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The site was located between the to the east, the (site of a future thoroughfare) to the west, the sea to the south, and the highway to the north.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ It had an area of 78,000 \"tsubo\" (about 25.8 hectares), and was developed based on a logical urban plan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ For these reasons, it has been praised as the \"best-planned foreign settlement in the Orient\".", "Kobe __knowledge__ The earliest written records regarding the region come from the \"Nihon Shoki\", which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201.", "Kobe __knowledge__ For most of its history, the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Its name comes from , an archaic title for supporters of the city's Ikuta Shrine.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe became one of Japan's 17 designated cities in 1956.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the 1853 end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan and Nuclear free zone port city.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure, and the discharge of coolant water into the sea.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant, and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident, including iodine-131 and caesium-134/137, have since been detected around the world.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV is a British multi-channel broadcaster, jointly owned by BBC Worldwide and Scripps Networks Interactive.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It was formed on 26th March 1992 through a joint venture between BBC and Thames Television.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It is one of the United Kingdom's largest television companies.", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV's channels are available via digital satellite and cable subscriptions in the UK and Ireland.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Dave, Drama, Really and Yesterday channels are also available in the UK on Freeview, the free-to-air digital terrestrial television (DTT) service.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Most programmes on the channels are repeat broadcasts of BBC productions, although the entertainment channels also feature some programmes produced by other companies and UKTV have also in recent years, commissioned a tiny minority of their own exclusive programmes.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, the British cookery writer, published eight books in the 34 years between 1950 and 1984; the last was issued eight years before her death.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ After David's death, her literary executor, Jill Norman, supervised the publication of eight more books, drawing on David's unpublished manuscripts and research and on her published writings for books and magazines.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ David's first five books, particularly the earlier works, contained recipes interspersed with literary quotation and descriptions of people and places that inspired her.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ By the time of her third book, \"Italian Food\", David had begun to add sections about the history of the cuisine and the particular dishes that she wrote about.", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Limousin cattle are a breed of highly muscled beef cattle originating from the Limousin and Marche regions of France.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ The breed is known as in France.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Limousins were first exported from France in significant numbers in the 1960s and are now present in about 70 countries.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ They are naturally horned and have a distinctive lighter wheat to darker golden-red colouring, although international breeders have now bred polled (do not have horns) and black Limousins.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ Initially used mainly as draft animals, interest in Limousins as a source of high quality meat grew about two hundred years ago.", "Limousin cattle __knowledge__ The first Limousin herd book was then established in France in 1886 to ensure the breed's purity and improvement by only recording and breeding animals that satisfied a strictly enforced breed standard.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle, particularly skeletal muscle.", "Beef __knowledge__ Humans have been eating beef since prehistoric times.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is a source of high-quality protein and essential nutrients.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef skeletal muscle meat can be cut into roasts, short ribs or steak (filet mignon, sirloin steak, rump steak, rib steak, rib eye steak, hanger steak, etc.).", "Beef __knowledge__ Some cuts are processed (corned beef or beef jerky), and trimmings, usually mixed with meat from older, leaner cattle, are ground, minced or used in sausages.", "Beef __knowledge__ The blood is used in some varieties of blood sausage.", "Beef __knowledge__ Other parts that are eaten include other muscles and offal, such as the oxtail, liver, tongue, tripe from the reticulum or rumen, glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus, referred to as sweetbread), the heart, the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE), the kidneys, and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the United States as \"calf fries\", \"prairie oysters\", or \"Rocky Mountain oysters\").", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ A steak sandwich is a sandwich that is prepared with steak that has been broiled, fried, grilled, barbecued or seared using steel grates or gridirons then served on bread or a roll.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ Steak sandwiches are sometimes served with toppings of cheese, onions, mushrooms, peppers, tomatoes, and in some instances fried eggs, coleslaw, and french fries.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ According to the Library of Congress, the first steak sandwich sold in the United States was at Louis' Lunch of New Haven, Connecticut.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ A cheesesteak, or steak and cheese, is made from thinly sliced pieces of steak and melted cheese in a long roll.", "Steak sandwich __knowledge__ The cheesesteak is one of the favorite foods of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ A beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, with parallel faces spaced to a thickness of 0.5–2\" (1–5 cm), usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers, with a raw mass in common restaurant service ranging from 4–20 ounces (120–600 g).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (\"cf.\"", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ cube steak).", "Beefsteak __knowledge__ In Australia, beefsteak is referred to as just 'steak' and can be purchased uncooked in supermarkets, butchers and some smallgood shops." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Kobe beef is also called , or in Japanese.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Cattle were brought to Japan from China at the same time as the cultivation of rice, in about the second century AD, in the Yayoi period.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Until about the time of the Meiji Restoration in 1868, they were used only as draught animals, in agriculture, forestry, mining and for transport, and as a source of fertiliser.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Milk consumption was unknown, and – for cultural and religious reasons – meat was not eaten.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Japan was effectively isolated from the rest of the world from 1635 until 1854; there was no possibility of intromission of foreign genes to the cattle population during this time.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between 1868, the year of the Meiji Restoration, and 1887, some 2600 foreign cattle were imported, including Braunvieh, Shorthorn, and Devon.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between about 1900 and 1910 there was extensive cross-breeding of these with native stock.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ From 1919, the various heterogeneous regional populations that resulted from this brief period of cross-breeding were registered and selected as \"Improved Japanese Cattle\".", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Four separate strains were characterised, based mainly on which type of foreign cattle had most influenced the hybrids, and were recognised as breeds in 1944.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ These were the four wagyū breeds, the Japanese Black, the Japanese Brown, the Japanese Polled and the Japanese Shorthorn.", "Kobe __knowledge__ The earliest written records regarding the region come from the \"Nihon Shoki\", which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201.", "Kobe __knowledge__ For most of its history, the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Its name comes from , an archaic title for supporters of the city's Ikuta Shrine.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe became one of Japan's 17 designated cities in 1956.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the 1853 end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan and Nuclear free zone port city.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling is a form of cooking that involves dry heat applied to the surface of food, commonly from above or below.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling usually involves a significant amount of direct, radiant heat, and tends to be used for cooking meat and vegetables quickly.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Food to be grilled is cooked on a grill (an open wire grid such as a gridiron with a heat source above or below), a grill pan (similar to a frying pan, but with raised ridges to mimic the wires of an open grill), or griddle (a flat plate heated from below).", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer to the food when using a grill is primarily through thermal radiation.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer when using a grill pan or griddle is by direct conduction.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Kobe beef is also called , or in Japanese.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Cattle were brought to Japan from China at the same time as the cultivation of rice, in about the second century AD, in the Yayoi period.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Until about the time of the Meiji Restoration in 1868, they were used only as draught animals, in agriculture, forestry, mining and for transport, and as a source of fertiliser.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Milk consumption was unknown, and – for cultural and religious reasons – meat was not eaten.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Japan was effectively isolated from the rest of the world from 1635 until 1854; there was no possibility of intromission of foreign genes to the cattle population during this time.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between 1868, the year of the Meiji Restoration, and 1887, some 2600 foreign cattle were imported, including Braunvieh, Shorthorn, and Devon.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Between about 1900 and 1910 there was extensive cross-breeding of these with native stock.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ From 1919, the various heterogeneous regional populations that resulted from this brief period of cross-breeding were registered and selected as \"Improved Japanese Cattle\".", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ Four separate strains were characterised, based mainly on which type of foreign cattle had most influenced the hybrids, and were recognised as breeds in 1944.", "Kobe beef __knowledge__ These were the four wagyū breeds, the Japanese Black, the Japanese Brown, the Japanese Polled and the Japanese Shorthorn.", "Kobe __knowledge__ The earliest written records regarding the region come from the \"Nihon Shoki\", which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201.", "Kobe __knowledge__ For most of its history, the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Its name comes from , an archaic title for supporters of the city's Ikuta Shrine.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe became one of Japan's 17 designated cities in 1956.", "Kobe __knowledge__ Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the 1853 end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan and Nuclear free zone port city.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The , also known as the Kobe foreign concession, was a foreign settlement located about 3.5 kilometers east of the Port of Kobe, in the future Chūō-ku of Kobe, Japan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ Established based on the Ansei Treaties, it existed from January 1, 1868, to July 16, 1899.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ The site was located between the to the east, the (site of a future thoroughfare) to the west, the sea to the south, and the highway to the north.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ It had an area of 78,000 \"tsubo\" (about 25.8 hectares), and was developed based on a logical urban plan.", "Kobe foreign settlement __knowledge__ For these reasons, it has been praised as the \"best-planned foreign settlement in the Orient\".", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Giraudi Group is based in the Principality of Monaco and is made up of various companies in the sectors of meat trading and import/export, restaurants and lifestyle.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Initially, the primary business of Giraudi was dealing with import/export within the meat industry.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Founded by Erminio Giraudi in the 1960s, the group established itself in Monaco in the middle of the 1970s.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ The company has developed and diversified into other domains, notably restaurants concepts and various lifestyle products.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ Gradually, Giraudi became one of the European leaders in trading and import/export of meat.", "Giraudi __knowledge__ The Monegasque group is the primary exporter of French beef, and Dutch veal whilst also being the European leader in the import of hormone-free US Black Angus, Australian and Canadian Black Angus beef.", "Wagyu __knowledge__ In several areas of Japan, wagyu beef is shipped carrying area names.", "Wagyu __knowledge__ Some examples are Matsusaka beef, Kobe beef, Yonezawa beef, Mishima beef, Ōmi beef, and Sanda beef.", "Wagyu __knowledge__ There are four breeds of wagyu: , , , and .", "Wagyu __knowledge__ Wagyu cattle's genetic predisposition yields a beef that contains a higher percentage of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids than typical beef.", "Wagyu __knowledge__ The increased marbling also increases the ratio of monounsaturated fats to saturated fats.", "Wagyu __knowledge__ Japanese Black makes up 90% of all fattened cattle in Japan.", "Wagyu __knowledge__ Strains of Japanese Black include Tottori, Tajima, Shimane and Okayama.", "Wagyu __knowledge__ Japanese Brown, also known as Japanese Red, is the other main breed; strains include Kochi and Kumamoto.", "Riccardo Giraudi __knowledge__ Riccardo Giraudi (born November 14, 1975 in Genova) is the CEO of Giraudi Group.", "Riccardo Giraudi __knowledge__ Riccardo Giraudi is Erminio Giraudi and Francien Giraudi’s son.", "Riccardo Giraudi __knowledge__ He grew up in the Principality of Monaco before studying at the European Business School of London where he obtained a Bachelor in Business Administration in 1999.", "Riccardo Giraudi __knowledge__ In 2001, Riccardo Giraudi joined the family-owned company created by his father Erminio Giraudi in the 1970’s : Giraudi Group.", "Riccardo Giraudi __knowledge__ The group is one of the European leader in meat import / export (40% veal, 30% beef, 10% pork).", "Riccardo Giraudi __knowledge__ Supervised by Riccardo Giraudi, the company turned to new businesses such as hospitality & exclusive meats.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The \"Shaq–Kobe feud\" (or \"Kobe–Shaq feud\") was the conflict between National Basketball Association (NBA) players Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, who played together on the Los Angeles Lakers team from 1996 to 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ The two were able to win three consecutive NBA Championships (2000, 2001, 2002) and make an NBA Finals appearance in 2004.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ O'Neal was the NBA Finals MVP in each of their victories.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Personal differences and arguments over their respective roles on the Lakers were followed by a trade that sent O'Neal to the Miami Heat while Bryant was re-signed as a free agent by the Lakers.", "Shaq–Kobe feud __knowledge__ Lakers head coach Phil Jackson would later write a book entitled \"\", reflecting on the troubles Bryant and O'Neal had during their last season together.", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of steak dishes.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Steak is generally a cut of beef sliced perpendicular to the muscle fibers, or of fish cut perpendicular to the spine.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Meat steaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled, while fish steaks may also be baked.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Meat cooked in sauce, such as steak and kidney pie, or minced meat formed into a steak shape, such as Salisbury steak and hamburger steak may also be referred to as steak.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ A fish steak, alternatively known as a fish cutlet, is a cut of fish which is cut perpendicular to the spine and can either include the bones or be boneless.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ Fish steaks can be contrasted with fish fillets, which are cut parallel to either side of the spine and do not include the larger bones.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ In contrast to other vertebrate animals, over 85% of the fish body is made up of consumable muscle.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ Fish steaks can be made with the skin on or off, and are generally made from fish larger than .", "Fish steak __knowledge__ Fish steaks from particularly large fish can be sectioned so they are boneless.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ It takes less time to make a fish steak than a fillet, because steaks are often bone in and skin on." ] ]

[ 0, 5, 45, 35, 75 ]

[ "It actually goes back to second century AD, in the Yayoi period", "It can be made into steak. It is purebred Japan beef. ", "The make good food. As far as steak goes, I prefer just a good grilled one, but they can be pan fried too", "It is just as healthy as other steaks, such as ground meat, fish steak or pork steak", "No, but I am more of a BBQ man myself. I love the meat that is marinated than basted with sauce" ]

[ "Kobe beef", "Kobe beef", "Kobe beef", "Kobe beef", "Kobe beef" ]

[ "Spaghetti with meatballs", "You can bake the spaghetti after cooking it by putting 2 layers of spaghetti and 2 layers of american cheese or mozzarella. and then parmesan on top:)", "What are western meatballs?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Spaghetti with meatballs (or spaghetti and meatballs) is an American dish consisting of spaghetti, tomato sauce and meatballs.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ It is widely believed that spaghetti with meatballs was an innovation of early 20th-century Italian immigrants in New York City; the National Pasta Association (originally named the National Macaroni Manufacturers Association) is said to be the first organization to publish a recipe for it, in the 1920s.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Italian writers often mock the dish as pseudo-Italian or non-Italian because, in Italy, meatballs are served only with egg-based baked pasta and are smaller.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ However, various kinds of pasta with meat are part of the culinary tradition of the Abruzzo, Apulia, Sicily, and other parts of southern Italy.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ A recipe for rigatoni with meatballs is in \"Il cucchiaio d'argento\" (\"The Silver Spoon\"), a comprehensive Italian cookbook known as the \"bible\" of Italian Cooking.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Other dishes that have similarities to spaghetti and meatballs include \"pasta seduta\" 'seated pasta' and \"maccaroni azzese\" in Apulia.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Some baked pasta dishes from Apulia combine pasta and meat where meatballs, mortadella, or salami are baked with rigatoni, tomato sauce, and mozzarella, then covered with a pastry top." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Spaghetti with meatballs (or spaghetti and meatballs) is an American dish consisting of spaghetti, tomato sauce and meatballs.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ It is widely believed that spaghetti with meatballs was an innovation of early 20th-century Italian immigrants in New York City; the National Pasta Association (originally named the National Macaroni Manufacturers Association) is said to be the first organization to publish a recipe for it, in the 1920s.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Italian writers often mock the dish as pseudo-Italian or non-Italian because, in Italy, meatballs are served only with egg-based baked pasta and are smaller.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ However, various kinds of pasta with meat are part of the culinary tradition of the Abruzzo, Apulia, Sicily, and other parts of southern Italy.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ A recipe for rigatoni with meatballs is in \"Il cucchiaio d'argento\" (\"The Silver Spoon\"), a comprehensive Italian cookbook known as the \"bible\" of Italian Cooking.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Other dishes that have similarities to spaghetti and meatballs include \"pasta seduta\" 'seated pasta' and \"maccaroni azzese\" in Apulia.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Some baked pasta dishes from Apulia combine pasta and meat where meatballs, mortadella, or salami are baked with rigatoni, tomato sauce, and mozzarella, then covered with a pastry top.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ Pizza cheese encompasses several varieties and types of cheeses and dairy products that are designed and manufactured for use specifically on pizza.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ These include processed and modified cheese such as mozzarella-like processed cheeses and mozzarella variants.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ The term can also refer to any type of cheese suitable for use on pizza.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ The most popular cheeses used in the preparation of pizza are mozzarella (accounting for about 30%), provolone, cheddar and Parmesan.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ Emmental, Romano and ricotta are often used as toppings, and processed pizza cheeses manufactured specifically for pizza are mass-produced.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "American cheese __knowledge__ American cheese product is a type of processed cheese.", "American cheese __knowledge__ It can be orange, yellow, or white in color, is mild, salty, and faintly sweet in flavor, has a medium-firm consistency, and has a very low melting point.", "American cheese __knowledge__ Very early in its history, American cheese was only white in color—as it was made from a blend of cheeses (most often including cheddar cheese) which were originally only white.", "American cheese __knowledge__ However, the later versions are often a yellow hue due to the addition of annatto, a sweet and nutty seasoning added to cheddar and to Colby so that by the late 1800s American cheese was often simply called \"yellow cheese\".", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ Parmigiano-Reggiano (; ), or Parmesan cheese, is a hard, granular cheese.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ The name \"Parmesan\" is often used generically for various simulations of this cheese, although this is prohibited in trading in the European Economic Area under European law.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ It is named after the producing areas, which comprise the provinces of Parma, Reggio Emilia, Bologna (only the area to the west of the river Reno), Modena (all in Emilia-Romagna), and Mantua (in Lombardy, but only the area to the south of river Po), Italy.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ Under Italian law, only cheese produced in these provinces may be labelled \"Parmigiano-Reggiano\", and European law classifies the name, as well as the translation \"Parmesan\", as a protected designation of origin.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Neapolitan cuisine has ancient historical roots that date back to the Greco-Roman period, which was enriched over the centuries by the influence of the different cultures that controlled Naples and its kingdoms, such as that of Aragon and France.", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ Since Naples was the capital of the Kingdom of Naples, its cuisine took much from the culinary traditions of all the Campania region, reaching a balance between dishes based on rural ingredients (pasta, vegetables, cheese) and seafood dishes (fish, crustaceans, mollusks).", "Neapolitan cuisine __knowledge__ A vast variety of recipes is influenced by the local aristocratic cuisine, such as \"timballo\" and the \"\", pasta or rice dishes with very elaborate preparation, and dishes from popular traditions prepared with inexpensive but nutritionally healthy ingredients, like \"pasta e fagioli\" (pasta with beans) and other pasta dishes with vegetables.", "Spaghetti Western and Meatballs __knowledge__ \"Spaghetti Western and Meatballs\" is the ninth episode of the first season of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\".", "Spaghetti Western and Meatballs __knowledge__ The episode originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 27, 2011.", "Spaghetti Western and Meatballs __knowledge__ The episode was written by Kit Boss and directed by Wes Archer.", "Spaghetti Western and Meatballs __knowledge__ According to Nielsen ratings, it was viewed by 4.65 million viewers in its original airing.", "Spaghetti Western and Meatballs __knowledge__ The episode featured guest performances by David Herman, Andy Kindler, Larry Murphy and Brian Posehn.", "Spaghetti Western and Meatballs __knowledge__ Bob and Louise channel-surf through their usual \"Burn Unit\" TV-critique game late one night until Bob's favorite spaghetti western movie, \"Banjo,\" comes on.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ The Flying Spaghetti Monster (FSM) is the deity of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, or Pastafarianism.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ Pastafarianism (a portmanteau of pasta and Rastafarianism) is a social movement that promotes a light-hearted view of religion and opposes the teaching of intelligent design and creationism in public schools.", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ According to adherents, Pastafarianism is a \"real, legitimate religion, as much as any other\".", "Flying Spaghetti Monster __knowledge__ It is legally recognized as a religion in the Netherlands and New Zealand – where Pastafarian representatives have been authorized to celebrate weddings and where the first legally recognized Pastafarian wedding was performed in April 2016.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Spaghetti with meatballs (or spaghetti and meatballs) is an American dish consisting of spaghetti, tomato sauce and meatballs.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ It is widely believed that spaghetti with meatballs was an innovation of early 20th-century Italian immigrants in New York City; the National Pasta Association (originally named the National Macaroni Manufacturers Association) is said to be the first organization to publish a recipe for it, in the 1920s.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Italian writers often mock the dish as pseudo-Italian or non-Italian because, in Italy, meatballs are served only with egg-based baked pasta and are smaller.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ However, various kinds of pasta with meat are part of the culinary tradition of the Abruzzo, Apulia, Sicily, and other parts of southern Italy.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ A recipe for rigatoni with meatballs is in \"Il cucchiaio d'argento\" (\"The Silver Spoon\"), a comprehensive Italian cookbook known as the \"bible\" of Italian Cooking.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Other dishes that have similarities to spaghetti and meatballs include \"pasta seduta\" 'seated pasta' and \"maccaroni azzese\" in Apulia.", "Spaghetti with meatballs __knowledge__ Some baked pasta dishes from Apulia combine pasta and meat where meatballs, mortadella, or salami are baked with rigatoni, tomato sauce, and mozzarella, then covered with a pastry top.", "Idiopathic sclerosing mesenteritis __knowledge__ Idiopathic sclerosing mesenteritis (ISM) or mesenteric panniculitus is a rare disease of the small intestine, characterized by chronic inflammation and eventual fibrosis of the mesentery.", "Idiopathic sclerosing mesenteritis __knowledge__ It has also been called mesenteric lipodystrophy, or retractile mesenteritis.", "Idiopathic sclerosing mesenteritis __knowledge__ Sclerosing mesenteritis may present with no or nearly no signs or symptoms, but many people have chronic and severe pain in the abdomen as the most common chief complaint.", "Idiopathic sclerosing mesenteritis __knowledge__ Other people have chronic problems with bowel movements, resulting in diarrhea, bloating, gas, and cramping which can range from severe to mild.", "Idiopathic sclerosing mesenteritis __knowledge__ The disorder is identified by histopathology showing fat necrosis, fibrosis and chronic inflammation of the small intestine.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 __knowledge__ Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated science fiction adventure comedy film produced by Sony Pictures Animation for Columbia Pictures.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to 2009’s \"Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs\", which was loosely based on Judi and Ron Barrett's book of the same name.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 __knowledge__ It was directed by Cody Cameron and Kris Pearn, produced by Kirk Bodyfelt, and executive produced by the directors of the first film, Phil Lord and Christopher Miller.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 __knowledge__ The film was released on September 27, 2013.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 __knowledge__ The film grossed over $274 million worldwide against its budget of $78 million.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is a 2009 American computer-animated comic science fiction film loosely based on the 1978 children's book of the same name by Judi and Ron Barrett.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Sony Pictures Animation and released on September 18, 2009.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ The film features the voices of Bill Hader, Anna Faris, Bruce Campbell, James Caan, Bobb'e J. Thompson, Andy Samberg, Mr. T, Benjamin Bratt, Neil Patrick Harris, Al Roker, Lauren Graham, and Will Forte.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ It was written and directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ It earned $243 million worldwide on a budget of $100 million.", "Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ A sequel, \"Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2\", was released on September 27, 2013.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Bakso or baso is Indonesian meatball, or meat paste made from beef surimi.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Its texture is similar to the Chinese beef ball, fish ball, or pork ball.", "Bakso __knowledge__ The term \"bakso\" could refer to a single meatball or the whole bowl of meatballs soup.", "Bakso __knowledge__ The term mie bakso refer to bakso served with yellow noodles, while the term bakso kuah refer to bakso meatballs soup served without any noodles.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Bakso can be found all across Indonesia; from the traveling cart street vendors to restaurants.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Next to \"soto\", satay, and \"siomay\", \"bakso\" is a popular street food in Indonesia.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Today, various types of ready to cook \"bakso\" are also available as frozen food commonly sold in supermarkets in Indonesia.", "Meatballs Part II __knowledge__ Meatballs Part II is a 1984 comedy film and sequel to the 1979 film.", "Meatballs Part II __knowledge__ The film stars Richard Mulligan, Hamilton Camp, John Mengatti, Kim Richards, Archie Hahn, Misty Rowe, and John Larroquette.", "Meatballs Part II __knowledge__ \"Meatballs Part II\" was directed by Ken Wiederhorn.", "Meatballs Part II __knowledge__ The screenplay for the film was written by Bruce Franklin Singer based on a story by Martin Kitrosser and Carol Watson.", "Meatballs Part II __knowledge__ This in-name-only sequel to the first Meatballs summer camp movie sets us at Camp Sasquatch and revolves around two main plots.", "Meatballs Part II __knowledge__ The owner of Sasquatch, Giddy, tries to keep his camp open after Hershey, the owner of Camp Patton located just across the lake, wants to buy the entire lake for Camp Patton.", "Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ Meatballs is a 1979 Canadian comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman.", "Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ It is noted for Bill Murray's first film appearance in a starring role and for launching the directing career of Reitman whose later comedies included \"Stripes\" (1981) and \"Ghostbusters\" (1984), both starring Murray.", "Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ The film also introduced child actor Chris Makepeace in the role of Rudy Gerner.", "Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ It was followed by several sequels, of which only \"\" (1986) had any connection to the original.", "Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ Tripper Harrison is the head counselor of a group of new counselors-in-training (CITs) at Camp North Star, a cut-rate summer camp.", "Meatballs (film) __knowledge__ Camp director Morty Melnick falls victim to Tripper's practical jokes mainly by being taken from his cabin in the middle of the night and relocated to an unusual place.", "Lucy's Cafe __knowledge__ Lucy's Cafe was an Italian restaurant located in Hershey, Pennsylvania that was family owned and operated for more than 75 years.", "Lucy's Cafe __knowledge__ The restaurant's meat balls were a home-made recipe that were popular throughout Pennsylvania, and were at one time sold at Hershey Bears hockey games.", "Lucy's Cafe __knowledge__ Lucy's Cafe was founded by sisters Josephine Fromboluti and Lucia Santoro, after their immigration from Italy.", "Lucy's Cafe __knowledge__ Mary Tatangelo, daughter of Fromboluti, ran the restaurant for the bulk of its history.", "Lucy's Cafe __knowledge__ She shared ownership with sons Tony Tatangelo and Robert Tatangelo in the 1970s and '80s.", "Lucy's Cafe __knowledge__ While Mary Tatangelo continued to remain active in the family business she built, Tony Tatangelo was the sole proprietor of Lucy's Cafe from 1989 until its closing in 2007.", "Bob's Burgers __knowledge__ Bob's Burgers is an American animated sitcom created by Loren Bouchard that premiered on Fox on January 9, 2011.", "Bob's Burgers __knowledge__ The series centers on the Belcher family – parents Bob and Linda, and their children Tina, Gene, and Louise – who run a hamburger restaurant.", "Bob's Burgers __knowledge__ The show was conceived by Bouchard after he developed \"Home Movies\".", "Bob's Burgers __knowledge__ It is produced and distributed in association with 20th Century Fox Television.", "Bob's Burgers __knowledge__ While reviews for the first season were mixed, feedback for subsequent seasons has been much more positive.", "Bob's Burgers __knowledge__ The series premiere, \"Human Flesh\", drew in 9.39 million viewers, making it the highest-rated series premiere of the season, and finishing ninth in the ratings for the week it aired.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ Delicious is a series of time management casual games that is developed by Zylom Studios and later on by Gamehouse Studios.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ From the 7th game onwards, the games are developed by Gamehouse Studios and Blue Giraffe.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ The games tell the story of Emily, a waitress who aspires to one day run her own restaurant, and who works in several other restaurants in order to earn the money to eventually make her dream come true.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ After releasing the first 3 games of the series, Zylom decided to \"renew\" the series by adding some factors to it to make Emily's world more memorable and natural.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ As a result of this, from the fourth game onwards, the series received high appreciation and reviews from casual game critics and gamers, such as Gamezebo, who gave the seventh game, \"Emily's True Love\", a maximum 5/5 star overall review.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem." ] ]

[ 1, 37, 0 ]

[ "So I was trying to figure out what to have for dinner tonight and was thinking spaghetti and meatballs. Do you know any good recipes?", "Well dang, that's sound pretty delicious! I really want to know how to make Western Meatballs, like the ones seen in an episode of \"Bob's Burgers\".", "From what I remember from the episode of \"Bob's Burgers\", they are meatballs that are cooked with a mixture of BBQ sauce and ketchup." ]

[ "Spaghetti with meatballs", "Spaghetti with meatballs", "Spaghetti with meatballs" ]

[ "Classical music", "oh thats quite cool, i like classical", "huh i didnt know about that name" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Guerilla Poubelle is a French punk band formed in 2003, when the ska-punk band Les Betteraves broke apart.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ The name translates to 'Dustbin (Garbage Can) Guerrilla' in English.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Their debut album, released on CD, is titled \"Il faut repeindre le monde... en noir\" (The world must be repainted... in black).", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Their music is based on anarchic and existentialist beliefs.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ The band is DIY enthusiasts, Till founded the publishing and merchandise group Guerilla Asso in 2004.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ In the summer of 2006, they released a split album with Coquettish.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ A major Japanese tour followed soon thereafter.", "Guerilla Poubelle __knowledge__ Guerilla Poubelle refused to register with the Société des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs de musique.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Burlington is an incorporated town in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ It is a small fishing and lumbering community on Highway 413 at the north side of the mouth of Green Bay.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Burlington was once named Northwest Arm, and was permanently settled in the mid-19th century.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ The community was renamed in the early part of 1915 due to a mix-up in the mail service.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ After many residents complained that their mail was sent to another community with a similar name, the town leaders felt the need to have a name change.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ Out of three separate entries, 'Burlington' was chosen.", "Burlington, Newfoundland and Labrador __knowledge__ There was no large industry in the 19th century.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Ice trade __knowledge__ The ice trade, also known as the frozen water trade, was a 19th-century industry, centering on the east coast of the United States and Norway, involving the large-scale harvesting, transport and sale of natural ice for domestic consumption and commercial purposes.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ Ice was cut from the surface of ponds and streams, then stored in ice houses, before being sent on by ship, barge or railroad to its final destination around the world.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ Networks of ice wagons were typically used to distribute the product to the final domestic and smaller commercial customers.", "Ice trade __knowledge__ The ice trade revolutionized the U.S. meat, vegetable and fruit industries, enabled significant growth in the fishing industry, and encouraged the introduction of a range of new drinks and foods.", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses __knowledge__ Ideas concerning the origin and fate of the world date from the earliest known writings; however, for almost all of that time, there was no attempt to link such theories to the existence of a \"Solar System\", simply because almost no one knew or believed that the Solar System, in the sense we now understand it, existed.", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses __knowledge__ The first step towards a theory of Solar System formation was the general acceptance of heliocentrism, the model which placed the Sun at the centre of the system and the Earth in orbit around it.", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses __knowledge__ This conception had been gestating for thousands of years, but was only widely accepted by the end of the 17th century.", "Climate of Los Angeles __knowledge__ The Los Angeles metropolitan area averages year-round mild-to-warm weather.", "Climate of Los Angeles __knowledge__ The climate is classified as a Mediterranean climate, which is a type of dry subtropical climate, characterized by seasonal changes in rainfall—with a dry summer and a winter rainy season—but relatively modest transitions in temperature.", "Climate of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Under the modified Köppen climate classification, the coast is classified as \"Csb\" and the inland areas as \"Csa\".", "Climate of Los Angeles __knowledge__ Some areas of the city may also be defined as a cold semi-arid climate due to the low annual rainfall in combination with high mean temperatures.", "Climate of Los Angeles __knowledge__ The Los Angeles area contains many microclimates, which means that the daytime temperatures can vary as much as 36 °F (19 °C) between inland areas such as the San Fernando Valley or San Gabriel Valley and the coastal Los Angeles Basin.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to history in the Old World from the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC (First Olympiad).", "Ancient history __knowledge__ This roughly coincides with the traditional date of the founding of Rome in 753 BC, the beginning of the history of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greece.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The Roman Empire (; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. )", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC , with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time).", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC.", "Koine Greek phonology __knowledge__ The Greek language underwent pronunciation changes during the Koine Greek period, from about 300 BC to 300 AD.", "Koine Greek phonology __knowledge__ At the beginning of the period, the pronunciation was almost identical to Classical Greek, while at the end it was closer to Modern Greek.", "Koine Greek phonology __knowledge__ The most significant changes during the Koine Greek period concerned vowels: these were the loss of vowel length distinction, the shift of the Ancient Greek system of pitch accent to a stress accent system, and the monophthongization of diphthongs (except and ).", "Koine Greek phonology __knowledge__ These changes seem widely attested from the 2nd century BC in Egyptian Greek, and in the early 2nd century AD in learned Attic inscriptions; it is therefore likely that they were already common in the 2nd century BC and generalized no later than the 2nd century AD.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Tikal () (\"Tik’al\" in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Ambrosio Tut, a gum-sapper, reported the ruins to \"La Gaceta\", a Guatemalan newspaper, which named the site Tikal.", "Tikal __knowledge__ After the Berlin Academy of Sciences' magazine republished the report in 1853, archeologists and treasure hunters began visiting the forest.", "Tikal __knowledge__ Today, tourism to the site may help protect the rainforest.", "Tikal __knowledge__ It is one of the largest archaeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization.", "Tikal __knowledge__ It is located in the archaeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The New York Gold Exchange was an exchange formed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War for the purpose of creating an open market for transactions involving gold and the government-created paper currency, the greenback.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Established in 1862, it closed in 1897.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was established in 1862 in a basement on New Street.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was created during the American Civil War, when the Union issued paper money to fund the war effort.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Gold trading was initially banned at the New York Stock Exchange, which viewed the practice as unpatriotic speculation in wartime.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ This was because Confederate victories resulted in an increase in the price of gold relative to the greenback dollar, causing gold traders to sing \"Dixie\" in the Exchange when they received news of a Confederate victory.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ Ben Huh is a South-Korean-American internet entrepreneur and the CEO of The Cheezburger Network, which at its peak in 2010 received 375 million views a month across its 50 sites.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ Huh was born in Seoul, South Korea and grew up in Rancho Cordova, California, attending Cordova High School there.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ In 1999, Huh graduated from Northwestern University with a degree in journalism, although English was not his first language.", "Ben Huh __knowledge__ With regards to this, he said “I got a degree in a language I didn’t speak because I felt something in the power of media that attracted me.” The Web's influence on journalism was growing, and Huh decided to go into a career in the Internet.", "John Huh __knowledge__ John Huh (Korean: 허찬수, born May 21, 1990) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh was born in New York City to Korean parents.", "John Huh __knowledge__ He moved to South Korea shortly after his birth and he lived there for 12 years, then moved to Chicago, Illinois for three years, and then to Los Angeles, California.", "John Huh __knowledge__ He attended California State University, Northridge for two weeks before turning professional in 2008.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh left college due to the lack of core courses, preventing him from receiving a scholarship and being approved for NCAA competition.", "John Huh __knowledge__ Huh played on the Korean Tour for three years.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Huh Young-man (born June 26, 1947) is a South Korean manhwa artist.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Huh Young-man was born Heo Hyeong-man in present-day Yeosu, a far southern coastal city of South Jeolla Province, South Korea in 1947.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ He was the third child of eight children born to father Heo Jong (허종) and mother Park Ok-jeong (박옥정).", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ Before and after the liberation of Korea from Japan in 1945, Huh's father had worked as a local policeman.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ When the Yeosu Rebellion occurred in 1948, Huh's family was in danger of being killed by the rebels.", "Huh Young-man __knowledge__ In contrast to Huh's father, his uncle was a communist, so that Huh's family was ironically protected by both sides.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Gold exchange-traded products are exchange-traded funds (ETFs), closed-end funds (CEFs) and exchange-traded notes (ETNs) that aim to track the price of gold.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Gold exchange-traded products are traded on the major stock exchanges including Zurich, Mumbai, London, Paris and New York.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ , physically backed funds held 2,062.6 tonnes of vaulted gold in total for private and institutional investors.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Each gold ETF, ETN, and CEF has a different structure outlined in its prospectus.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Some such instruments do not necessarily hold physical gold.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ For example, gold ETNs generally track the price of gold using derivatives.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ Huh Gak (born 15 November 1984) is a South Korean singer and the winner of the Mnet talent competition series 'Superstar K' 2 under Plan A Entertainment.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He is known as 'The man who turned the tables' and 'The South Korean Paul Potts'.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He has an identical twin named Huh Gong, who didn't apply to 'Superstar K' 2 because he was concerned that the judges had prejudice.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ Now he is also a singer.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ Huh Gak was born on 15 November 1984.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He is from Incheon, South Korea and lives with his father and his twin brother, Huh Gong.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ He graduated from Hwanbuk Elementary School and Incheon Boys School.", "Huh Gak __knowledge__ As a young child, Huh Gak went through a family divorce and faced financial difficulties.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ Huh E-jae (born 19 February 1987) is a South Korean actress.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ She is best known for her leading roles in the television dramas \"Prince Hours\" and \"Single Dad in Love\".", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ Huh E-jae began her entertainment career by modeling for magazines when she was a high school student.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ After making her acting debut in 2004, she was given the nickname \"Little Kim Tae-hee\" due to her resemblance to the popular actress.", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ Huh first appeared in several sitcoms on KBS followed by supporting roles, notably as Kim Rae-won's love interest in the 2006 gangster film \"Sunflower\".", "Huh E-jae __knowledge__ In 2007, Huh got her big break when she was cast in the female leading role in \"Prince Hours\" (also known as \"Goong S\").", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ A sea shanty, chantey, or chanty is a type of work song that was once commonly sung to accompany labor on board large merchant sailing vessels.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ The term \"shanty\" most accurately refers to a specific style of work song belonging to this historical repertoire.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ However, in recent, popular usage, the scope of its definition is sometimes expanded to admit a wider range of repertoire and characteristics, or to refer to a \"maritime work song\" in general.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ Of uncertain etymological origin, the word \"shanty\" emerged in the mid-19th century in reference to an appreciably distinct genre of work song, developed especially in American-style merchant vessels that had come to prominence in decades prior to the American Civil War.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism (also known as institutionalized racism) is a form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism is also racism by individuals or informal social groups, governed by behavioral norms that support racist thinking and foment active racism.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ It is reflected in disparities regarding wealth, income, criminal justice, employment, housing, health care, political power and education, among other things.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Whether implicitly or explicitly expressed, institutional racism occurs when a certain group is targeted and discriminated against based upon race." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "I've tried to get more cultured lately by listening to classical music. It's actually easier to get into than you'd think. I had no idea there were precise dates for what it refers to though--1750 to 1820, the time before 6th century AD.", "Glad to hear it! So do I, now that I've put effort into listening to it. I had no idea that the central norms of the traditions of this music were solidified between 1550 and 1900, seems like a long period of time. It's known as the \"common-practice\" period.", "I also learned that there are major time divisions of Western art music, that European art music can be distinguished from non-European classic and other popular forms of music by just the system it uses for staff notation, since they use a system that's been around since the 11th century. It has such a rich history." ]

[ "Classical music", "Classical music", "Classical music" ]

[ "Italian cuisine\nI could sure go for some Italian food right now. Real Italian, not Olive Garden. ", "I mean, authentic Italian food. Not a crappy chain with fake American Italian food. ", "I'm not saying anything negative about Italian people. Do you also think On the Border is real Mexican food? ", "You should travel to Italy sometime, it is nothing like Olive Garden. Eat some fresh pasta near the water. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ Olive Garden is an American casual dining restaurant chain specializing in Italian-American cuisine.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Darden Restaurants, Inc., which is headquartered in unincorporated Orange County, Florida, in Orlando.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ As of January 11, 2016, Olive Garden operates 844 locations globally and accounts for $3.8 billion of the $6.9 billion revenue of parent Darden.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ Olive Garden started as a unit of General Mills Inc.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ The first Olive Garden was opened on December 13, 1982, in Orlando.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ By 1989, there were 145 Olive Garden restaurants, making it the fastest-growing units in the General Mills restaurant division.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden Restaurants, Inc. is an American multi-brand restaurant operator headquartered in Orlando.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of April 2017, the firm owns eight casual dining restaurant chains: Olive Garden, LongHorn Steakhouse, Bahama Breeze, Seasons 52, Eddie V's Prime Seafood, The Capital Grille, Yard House and Cheddar's Scratch Kitchen (the latter having been acquired on April 24, 2017).", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Until July 28, 2014, Darden also owned Red Lobster.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden has more than 1,500 restaurant locations and more than 150,000 employees, making it the world's largest full-service restaurant company.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of 2012, Darden is the only Fortune 500 company with its corporate headquarters in Greater Orlando.", "H2NO __knowledge__ HNO refers to an upselling campaign by Coca-Cola to dissuade consumers from ordering tap water drinks at restaurants, and to instead order more profitable soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, or bottled water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The campaign's title, HNO, reflects the program's purpose, which is to have customers say \"No\" to \"HO\", the chemical formula for water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The program taught waiters how to use \"suggestive selling techniques\" to offer a variety of alternative beverages when diners asked for water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ In July 2001, a link to a story about the program's success at Olive Garden was posted to Cockeyed.com.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The link was reposted around the internet, until the story was taken down by Coca-Cola on August 2, 2001, for fears it might be misinterpreted.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, the British cookery writer, published eight books in the 34 years between 1950 and 1984; the last was issued eight years before her death.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ After David's death, her literary executor, Jill Norman, supervised the publication of eight more books, drawing on David's unpublished manuscripts and research and on her published writings for books and magazines.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ David's first five books, particularly the earlier works, contained recipes interspersed with literary quotation and descriptions of people and places that inspired her.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ By the time of her third book, \"Italian Food\", David had begun to add sections about the history of the cuisine and the particular dishes that she wrote about." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, the British cookery writer, published eight books in the 34 years between 1950 and 1984; the last was issued eight years before her death.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ After David's death, her literary executor, Jill Norman, supervised the publication of eight more books, drawing on David's unpublished manuscripts and research and on her published writings for books and magazines.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ David's first five books, particularly the earlier works, contained recipes interspersed with literary quotation and descriptions of people and places that inspired her.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ By the time of her third book, \"Italian Food\", David had begun to add sections about the history of the cuisine and the particular dishes that she wrote about.", "Antonio Carluccio __knowledge__ Antonio Carluccio, OBE OMRI (; 19 April 1937 – 8 November 2017) was an Italian chef, restaurateur and food expert, based in London.", "Antonio Carluccio __knowledge__ He has been called \"the godfather of Italian gastronomy\", with a career of more than 50 years.", "Antonio Carluccio __knowledge__ He is perhaps best known for his television appearances, including his partnership with fellow Italian chef Gennaro Contaldo, and their BBC Two television series \"Two Greedy Italians\".", "Antonio Carluccio __knowledge__ Carluccio died on 8 November 2017.", "Antonio Carluccio __knowledge__ Antonio Carluccio was born in Vietri sul Mare, Salerno, Italy, the fifth of six children.", "Antonio Carluccio __knowledge__ His father was a stationmaster, from a family of bookbinders in Benevento, to the north-east of Naples.", "Hyde Park campus of the Culinary Institute of America __knowledge__ The Hyde Park campus of the Culinary Institute of America is located in the town of Hyde Park, New York, between the Hudson River and U.S. Route 9.", "Hyde Park campus of the Culinary Institute of America __knowledge__ The Culinary Institute of America (CIA) campus offers associate and bachelor's degrees and certificate programs in culinary arts and baking and pastry arts.", "Hyde Park campus of the Culinary Institute of America __knowledge__ It is the school's primary and largest campus, with about 2,300 students.", "Hyde Park campus of the Culinary Institute of America __knowledge__ The property was first settled around the 1600s, and mills and farms made use of the area's land and streams until the provincial of the Maryland-New York Province of the Society of Jesus purchased the land around 1897.", "Hyde Park campus of the Culinary Institute of America __knowledge__ The Jesuits subsequently constructed the present-day Roth Hall and other buildings, operating the property as the novitiate St. Andrew-on-Hudson from 1903 to 1970.", "American Italian Cultural Center __knowledge__ The American Italian Cultural Center (AICC) is a nonprofit institution in New Orleans, Louisiana, whose mission is to honor and celebrate Italian American history and culture in Louisiana.", "American Italian Cultural Center __knowledge__ Founded in 1985 by Joseph Maselli and adjacent to New Orleans's renowned Piazza d'Italia, the AICC offers Italian language courses, concerts, events, trips to Italy, and dual-citizenship applications, as well as promotes other Italian American organizations and their events.", "American Italian Cultural Center __knowledge__ The AICC also houses an Honorary Consul of Italy.", "American Italian Cultural Center __knowledge__ It operates under the parent organization of the American Italian Renaissance Foundation.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ Olive Garden is an American casual dining restaurant chain specializing in Italian-American cuisine.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Darden Restaurants, Inc., which is headquartered in unincorporated Orange County, Florida, in Orlando.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ As of January 11, 2016, Olive Garden operates 844 locations globally and accounts for $3.8 billion of the $6.9 billion revenue of parent Darden.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ Olive Garden started as a unit of General Mills Inc.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ The first Olive Garden was opened on December 13, 1982, in Orlando.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ By 1989, there were 145 Olive Garden restaurants, making it the fastest-growing units in the General Mills restaurant division.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden Restaurants, Inc. is an American multi-brand restaurant operator headquartered in Orlando.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of April 2017, the firm owns eight casual dining restaurant chains: Olive Garden, LongHorn Steakhouse, Bahama Breeze, Seasons 52, Eddie V's Prime Seafood, The Capital Grille, Yard House and Cheddar's Scratch Kitchen (the latter having been acquired on April 24, 2017).", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Until July 28, 2014, Darden also owned Red Lobster.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden has more than 1,500 restaurant locations and more than 150,000 employees, making it the world's largest full-service restaurant company.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of 2012, Darden is the only Fortune 500 company with its corporate headquarters in Greater Orlando.", "H2NO __knowledge__ HNO refers to an upselling campaign by Coca-Cola to dissuade consumers from ordering tap water drinks at restaurants, and to instead order more profitable soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, or bottled water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The campaign's title, HNO, reflects the program's purpose, which is to have customers say \"No\" to \"HO\", the chemical formula for water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The program taught waiters how to use \"suggestive selling techniques\" to offer a variety of alternative beverages when diners asked for water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ In July 2001, a link to a story about the program's success at Olive Garden was posted to Cockeyed.com.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The link was reposted around the internet, until the story was taken down by Coca-Cola on August 2, 2001, for fears it might be misinterpreted.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy ( ; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe.", "Italy __knowledge__ Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate.", "Italy __knowledge__ With around 61 million inhabitants it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "Italy __knowledge__ Since classical times, ancient Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Greeks established settlements in the south of Italy, with Etruscans and Celts inhabiting the centre and the north of Italy respectively and various ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples dispersed throughout the Italian Peninsula and insular Italy.", "Brad Blum __knowledge__ Brad Blum, born 1953, was the CEO of Burger King from December 2002 to July 2, 2004.", "Brad Blum __knowledge__ He joined the company from Darden Restaurants where he had headed the Olive Garden unit, but left after only 18 months citing strategic differences with Burger King's board.", "Brad Blum __knowledge__ Blum's successor, Greg Brenneman, was appointed on August 1, 2004.", "Brad Blum __knowledge__ Blum was the CEO of Romano's Macaroni Grill from December 2008 to July 2010.", "Brad Blum __knowledge__ Blum graduated from Denison University with a BA in Economics and Urban Studies.", "Brad Blum __knowledge__ He continued his formal education by earning an MBA in marketing and finance from Northwestern's J.L.", "Brad Blum __knowledge__ Kellogg Graduate School of Management.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ Mediterranean cuisine is the foods and methods of preparation by people of the Mediterranean Basin region, especially those of Southern Europe.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ The idea of a Mediterranean cuisine originates with the cookery writer Elizabeth David's book, \"A Book of Mediterranean Food\" (1950).", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ She and other writers including the Tunisian historian Mohamed Yassine Essid define the three core elements of the cuisine as the olive, wheat, and the grape, yielding olive oil, bread and pasta, and wine; other writers emphasize the diversity of the region's foods and deny that it is a useful concept.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ The geographical area covered broadly follows the distribution of the olive tree, as noted by David and Essid." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Italian Fascism __knowledge__ Italian Fascism (), also known simply as Fascism (), is the original fascist ideology as developed in Italy.", "Italian Fascism __knowledge__ The ideology is associated with a series of three political parties led by Benito Mussolini: the Fascist Revolutionary Party (PFR) founded in 1915, the succeeding National Fascist Party (PNF) which was renamed at the Third Fascist Congress on 7–10 November 1921 and ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 until 1943 and the Republican Fascist Party that ruled the Italian Social Republic from 1943 to 1945.", "Italian Fascism __knowledge__ Italian Fascism is also associated with the post-war Italian Social Movement and subsequent Italian neo-fascist movements.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ He chose Mike Pence, the sitting Governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar and those without college degrees.", "Benito Mussolini __knowledge__ Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; ; 29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist and leader of the National Fascist Party (\"Partito Nazionale Fascista\"; PNF), ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 to 1943—constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship.", "Benito Mussolini __knowledge__ Known as \"Il Duce\" (\"The Leader\"), Mussolini was the founder of Italian Fascism.", "Benito Mussolini __knowledge__ In 1912, Mussolini had been a leading member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), but was expelled from the PSI for advocating military intervention in World War I, in opposition to the party's stance on neutrality.", "Chinese immigration to Mexico __knowledge__ Chinese immigration to Mexico began during the colonial era and has continued to the present day.", "Chinese immigration to Mexico __knowledge__ However, the largest number of migrants to Mexico have arrived during two waves: the first spanning from the 1880s to the 1940s and another, reinvigorated wave of migrants arriving since the early 21st century.", "Chinese immigration to Mexico __knowledge__ Between 1880 and 1910, during the term of President Porfirio Díaz, the Mexican government was trying to modernize the country, especially in building railroads and developing the sparsely populated northern states.", "Chinese immigration to Mexico __knowledge__ When the government could not attract enough European immigrants, it was decided to allow Chinese migrant workers into the country.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ The history of Poles in the United States dates to the American Colonial era.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Poles have lived in present-day United States territories for over 400 years—since 1608.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ There are 10 million Americans of Polish descent in the U.S. today, making it the largest diaspora of Poles in the world.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Polish Americans have always been the largest group of Slavic origin in the United States.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Historians divide Polish American immigration into three \"waves\", the largest from 1870 to 1914, a second after World War II, and a third after Poland's independence in 1989.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Most Polish Americans are descended from the first wave, when millions of Poles fled Polish districts of Germany, Russia, and Austria.", "Model minority __knowledge__ A model minority is a demographic group (whether based on ethnicity, race or religion) whose members are perceived to achieve a higher degree of socioeconomic success than the population average.", "Model minority __knowledge__ This success is typically measured relatively by income, education, low criminality and high family/marital stability.", "Model minority __knowledge__ The concept is controversial, as it has historically been used to suggest there is no need for government action to adjust for socioeconomic disparities between certain groups.", "Model minority __knowledge__ Generalized statistics are often cited to back up model minority status such as high educational achievement and a high representation in white collar professions.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Miscegenation (; from the Latin \"miscere\" \"to mix\" + \"genus\" \"kind\") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Because of the term's historical use in contexts that typically implied disapproval, more unambiguously neutral terms such as \"interracial\", \"interethnic\", or \"cross-cultural\" are more common in contemporary usage.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ The term \"miscegenation\" has been used since the 19th century to refer to interracial marriage and interracial sexual relations, and more generally to the process of genetic admixture.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Historically, the term has been used in the context of laws banning interracial marriage and sex, known as anti-miscegenation laws.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture.", "Genocides in history __knowledge__ Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious or national group.", "Genocides in history __knowledge__ The term was coined in 1944 by Raphael Lemkin.", "Genocides in history __knowledge__ It is defined in Article 2 of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG) of 1948 as \"any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: killing members of the group; causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; deliberately inflicting on the groups conditions of life, calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; [and] forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.\"", "Internment of Japanese Americans __knowledge__ The internment of Japanese Americans in the United States during World War II was the forced relocation and incarceration in camps in the western interior of the country of between 110,000 and 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, most of whom lived on the Pacific coast.", "Internment of Japanese Americans __knowledge__ 62 percent of the internees were United States citizens.", "Internment of Japanese Americans __knowledge__ These actions were ordered by President Franklin D. Roosevelt shortly after Imperial Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.", "Internment of Japanese Americans __knowledge__ Japanese Americans were incarcerated based on local population concentrations and regional politics.", "Internment of Japanese Americans __knowledge__ More than 110,000 Japanese Americans in the mainland U.S., who mostly lived on the West Coast, were forced into interior camps." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ Olive Garden is an American casual dining restaurant chain specializing in Italian-American cuisine.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Darden Restaurants, Inc., which is headquartered in unincorporated Orange County, Florida, in Orlando.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ As of January 11, 2016, Olive Garden operates 844 locations globally and accounts for $3.8 billion of the $6.9 billion revenue of parent Darden.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ Olive Garden started as a unit of General Mills Inc.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ The first Olive Garden was opened on December 13, 1982, in Orlando.", "Olive Garden __knowledge__ By 1989, there were 145 Olive Garden restaurants, making it the fastest-growing units in the General Mills restaurant division.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden Restaurants, Inc. is an American multi-brand restaurant operator headquartered in Orlando.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of April 2017, the firm owns eight casual dining restaurant chains: Olive Garden, LongHorn Steakhouse, Bahama Breeze, Seasons 52, Eddie V's Prime Seafood, The Capital Grille, Yard House and Cheddar's Scratch Kitchen (the latter having been acquired on April 24, 2017).", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Until July 28, 2014, Darden also owned Red Lobster.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ Darden has more than 1,500 restaurant locations and more than 150,000 employees, making it the world's largest full-service restaurant company.", "Darden Restaurants __knowledge__ As of 2012, Darden is the only Fortune 500 company with its corporate headquarters in Greater Orlando.", "H2NO __knowledge__ HNO refers to an upselling campaign by Coca-Cola to dissuade consumers from ordering tap water drinks at restaurants, and to instead order more profitable soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, or bottled water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The campaign's title, HNO, reflects the program's purpose, which is to have customers say \"No\" to \"HO\", the chemical formula for water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The program taught waiters how to use \"suggestive selling techniques\" to offer a variety of alternative beverages when diners asked for water.", "H2NO __knowledge__ In July 2001, a link to a story about the program's success at Olive Garden was posted to Cockeyed.com.", "H2NO __knowledge__ The link was reposted around the internet, until the story was taken down by Coca-Cola on August 2, 2001, for fears it might be misinterpreted.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "American Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ American Chinese cuisine is a style of Chinese cuisine developed by Americans of Chinese descent.", "American Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ The dishes served in many North American Chinese restaurants are adapted to American tastes and often differ significantly from those found in China.", "American Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Chinese immigrants arrived in the United States to work as miners and railroad workers.", "American Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ As the large groups of Chinese immigrants arrived, laws were put in place preventing them from owning land.", "American Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ They mostly lived together in ghettos, individually referred to as \"Chinatown\".", "American Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Here the immigrants started their own small businesses, including restaurants and laundry services.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ This article contains a list of the Chinatowns, which are either officially designated neighborhoods or historically important in the United States.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Historically speaking, many of these Chinatowns were formed in the 1800s and have served as ethnic enclaves.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Chinatowns in the United States have historically been located in the \"big cities\" such as New York City, San Francisco, Boston, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, and Chicago and existed initially as enclaves that ease transition into the American culture.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest Chinatowns tended to be on the west coast while the newer ones are being built in lesser profile cities as opportunities shift.", "Asian Immigrants and the Economy of Spain __knowledge__ Chinese immigrants form the sixth largest immigrant group in Spain, after Romanian immigrants, Moroccan immigrants, Ecuadorian immigrants, British immigrants, and Colombian immigrants.", "Asian Immigrants and the Economy of Spain __knowledge__ Most Chinese immigrants make their living by running family-owned businesses—restaurants and small corner convenience stores, often called “chinos.” Most work long, hard hours, and rarely take days off.", "Asian Immigrants and the Economy of Spain __knowledge__ In turn, they have enjoyed a significant degree of economic success that has also given them a level of economic power and influence that has not gone by unnoticed by the other Spanish.", "Asian Immigrants and the Economy of Spain __knowledge__ Undeterred by the 2008 financial crisis, the economic success of Chinese immigrants had created a perception of East Asian immigrants that has been both positive and negative.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Chinese Canadians are a sizable part of the population in Greater Vancouver, especially in the Chinese communities in the city of Vancouver and the adjoining suburban city of Richmond.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ The legacy of Chinese immigration is prevalent throughout the Vancouver area.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Chinese Canadians have been a presence in Vancouver since its 1886 incorporation.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Shifts in the economy of smaller towns in British Columbia and immigration caused the size of Vancouver's ethnic Chinese community to increase.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Like those of other areas of North America, Vancouver's initial Chinese population was mainly from Guangdong province.", "History of Chinese Americans __knowledge__ The history of Chinese Americans or the history of ethnic Chinese in the United States relates to the three major waves of Chinese immigration to the United States with the first beginning in the 19th century.", "History of Chinese Americans __knowledge__ Chinese immigrants in the 19th century worked as laborers, particularly on the transcontinental railroad, such as the Central Pacific Railroad.", "History of Chinese Americans __knowledge__ They also worked as laborers in the mining industry, and suffered racial discrimination at every level of society.", "History of Chinese Americans __knowledge__ While industrial employers were eager to get this new and cheap labor, the ordinary white public was stirred to anger by the presence of this \"yellow peril\".", "Malaysian Chinese __knowledge__ The Malaysian Chinese consist of people of full or partial Chinese—particularly Han Chinese ancestry who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia.", "Malaysian Chinese __knowledge__ The great majority of this group of people are descendants of those who arrived between the early 19th century and the mid-20th century.", "Malaysian Chinese __knowledge__ The Malaysian Chinese population is primarily urban; socioeconomically they are mainly a well-established middle-class ethnic group and traditionally dominate the business and commerce sectors of the Malaysian economy.", "Malaysian Chinese __knowledge__ Malaysian Chinese form the second largest community of Overseas Chinese in the world, after Thailand.", "Chinatowns in Latin America __knowledge__ Chinatowns in Latin America (, singular \"barrio chino\" / , singular \"bairro chinês\") developed with the rise of Chinese immigration in the 19th century to various countries in Latin America as contract laborers (i.e., indentured servants) in agricultural and fishing industries.", "Chinatowns in Latin America __knowledge__ Most came from Guangdong Province.", "Chinatowns in Latin America __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, the new arrivals have typically hailed from Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.", "Chinatowns in Latin America __knowledge__ Latin American Chinatowns may include the descendants of original migrants — often of mixed Chinese and Latino parentage — and more recent immigrants from East Asia.", "Chinatowns in Latin America __knowledge__ Most Asian Latin Americans are of Cantonese and Hakka origin." ] ]

[ 15, 16, 39, 3 ]

[ "What do you mean? Olive Garden specializes in Italian cuisine.", "Italian-Americans are a large and proud ethnic group. I don't understand your negative tone.", "Do you think Chinese immigrants to Mexico don't prepare real Chinese food?", "I prefer true authentic Italian food: no potatoes, bell peppers, maize, or sugar beets that were imported from the New World." ]

[ "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine" ]

[ "Ohio\nHI, I am interested in learning about life in Ohio", "That makes it interesting, I am in a Red state that is pretty solidly red.", "We don't see may adds here, are in you an urban or suburban part of the state?", "I lived in Piqua from 9 mos till about 3rd grade, I remember our basement and climbing in and out of snow drifts on the way to school", "I do like Buckeye candy, my Aunt still lives in Ohio, her husband's family had horses, he rode this weird little cart thing hooked to the horse." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state takes its name from the Ohio River.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The name originated from the Seneca language word \" ohiːyo\"', meaning \"great river\" or \"large creek\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is historically known as the \"Buckeye State\" after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as \"Buckeyes\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the state Supreme Court.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio derives from Seneca (an Iroquois language) as their name for the Ohio River/ Alleghany River, \"Ohi:yo\".", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "The Hampton Institute __knowledge__ The Hampton Institute (HI) is an American \"working-class think tank\" that was founded in 2013.", "The Hampton Institute __knowledge__ In contrast to traditional think tanks, the HI is a virtual organization that does not have a physical location and does not seek to provide specific policy analysis for political parties.", "The Hampton Institute __knowledge__ For organizational purposes, its official location is in Albany, New York with a main address located in Clifton Park, New York, a suburb of Albany.", "The Hampton Institute __knowledge__ Current chairpersons are located throughout the United States (including New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Ohio, Arkansas, Colorado, Oregon, Hawaii, and California), as well as Canada (Montreal) and Australia.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The Fugitive: Plan B () is a 2010 South Korean action television series, starring Rain and Lee Na-young.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ It aired on KBS2 from September 29 to December 8, 2010 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The series was directed by Kwak Jung-hwan and written by Cheon Sung-il, the same team behind \"The Slave Hunters\".", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The rights to the series were sold to seven countries in Asia including Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ Prior to the series' timeline, Ji-woo (Rain), a young, rich and cunning Korean private investigator handled the case of an Asian couple who died at a casino in Las Vegas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state takes its name from the Ohio River.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The name originated from the Seneca language word \" ohiːyo\"', meaning \"great river\" or \"large creek\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is historically known as the \"Buckeye State\" after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as \"Buckeyes\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the state Supreme Court.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio derives from Seneca (an Iroquois language) as their name for the Ohio River/ Alleghany River, \"Ohi:yo\".", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since the 2000 United States presidential election, red states and blue states have referred to states of the United States whose voters predominantly choose either the Republican Party (red) or Democratic Party (blue) presidential candidates.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since then, the use of the term has been expanded to differentiate between states being perceived as liberal and those perceived as conservative.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Examining patterns within states reveals that the reversal has happened at the state level but is more complicated locally, with urban/rural divides associated with many of the largest changes.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ All states contain both liberal and conservative voters (i.e., are \"purple\") and only appear red/blue on the electoral map because of the winner-take-all system used by most states in the Electoral College.", "Red State (2011 film) __knowledge__ Red State is a 2011 American independent action horror film written and directed by Kevin Smith, starring John Goodman, Melissa Leo and Michael Parks.", "Red State (2011 film) __knowledge__ After months of saying that the distribution rights to the film would be auctioned off immediately after the premiere at the Sundance Film Festival, Smith controversially announced that he was instead going to self-distribute the picture under the SModcast Pictures banner with a traveling show in select cities.", "Red State (2011 film) __knowledge__ On June 28, 2011, Smith announced a one-week run in Quentin Tarantino's New Beverly Cinema (making the film eligible for Academy Award consideration).", "Red State Update __knowledge__ Red State Update is an online satirical political series of short films and podcasts produced in the United States by performers Jonathan Shockley and Travis Harmon.", "Red State Update __knowledge__ Jackie Broyles (played by Travis Harmon), who formally owned a store thatbarbecue, is the older and more levelheaded of the two main characters.", "Red State Update __knowledge__ He espouses traditional conservatism, especially a belief in following the Bible and attending church, though he rarely goes himself.", "Red State Update __knowledge__ Jackie grew up on a farm and loves horses, especially Shetland Ponies.", "Red State Update __knowledge__ Jackie once held the record for the deepest ride into a cave on horseback with his favorite horse, Mr. Horsepants.", "Solid South __knowledge__ The Solid South or Southern bloc was the electoral voting bloc of the states of the Southern United States for issues that were regarded as particularly important to the interests of Democrats in the southern states.", "Solid South __knowledge__ The Southern bloc existed especially between the end of Reconstruction in 1877 and the passage of the Civil Rights Act in 1964.", "Solid South __knowledge__ During this period, the Democratic Party controlled state legislatures; most local and state officeholders in the South were Democrats, as were federal politicians elected from these states.", "Solid South __knowledge__ Southern Democrats disenfranchised blacks in every state of the former Confederacy at the turn of the 20th century.", "United States presidential election in Idaho, 2008 __knowledge__ The 2008 United States presidential election in Idaho took place on November 4, 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C., which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election.", "United States presidential election in Idaho, 2008 __knowledge__ Voters chose 4 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.", "United States presidential election in Idaho, 2008 __knowledge__ Idaho was won by Republican nominee John McCain by a 25.3% margin of victory.", "United States presidential election in Idaho, 2008 __knowledge__ Prior to the election, all 17 news organizations considered this a state McCain would win, or otherwise considered as a safe red state.", "United States presidential election in Idaho, 2008 __knowledge__ Polling in the state gave a very comfortable lead to Republican John McCain over Democrat Barack Obama, sometimes by a margin of at least 30 percent, the most being 43 percent.", "Kevin Smith __knowledge__ Kevin Patrick Smith (born August 2, 1970) is an American filmmaker, actor, comic book writer, author, and podcaster.", "Kevin Smith __knowledge__ He came to prominence with the low-budget comedy film \"Clerks\" (1994), which he wrote, directed, co-produced, and acted in as the character Silent Bob of stoner duo Jay and Silent Bob.", "Kevin Smith __knowledge__ Jay and Silent Bob have appeared in Smith's follow-up films \"Mallrats\", \"Chasing Amy\", \"Dogma\", and \"Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back\" which were set primarily in his home state of New Jersey.", "Kevin Smith __knowledge__ While not strictly sequential, the films frequently featured crossover plot elements, character references, and a shared canon described by fans as the \"View Askewniverse\", named after his production company View Askew Productions, which he co-founded with Scott Mosier.", "See (Preacher) __knowledge__ \"See\" is the second episode of the supernatural drama television series, \"Preacher\", which originally aired on AMC in the United States on June 5, 2016.", "See (Preacher) __knowledge__ The episode was written by series showrunner Sam Catlin, and directed by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg.", "See (Preacher) __knowledge__ The episode \"See\" introduces Graham McTavish and Jackie Earle Haley as the Cowboy and Odin Quincannon, respectively.", "See (Preacher) __knowledge__ Jesse (Dominic Cooper) begins struggling with God's silence.", "See (Preacher) __knowledge__ Cassidy (Joseph Gilgun) opens up to Jesse about his true identity.", "See (Preacher) __knowledge__ Government agents Fiore (Tom Brooke) and DeBlanc (Anatol Yusef) sneak into the church for Jesse but Cassidy arrives in time to slaughter the duo.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ In a surprise victory, the Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump took office as the 45th President, and Pence as the 48th Vice President, on January 20, 2017.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to the term limits established by the 22nd Amendment.", "Swing state __knowledge__ In American politics, the term swing state refers to any state that could reasonably be won by either the Democratic or Republican presidential candidate.", "Swing state __knowledge__ These states are usually targeted by both major-party campaigns, especially in competitive elections.", "Swing state __knowledge__ Meanwhile, the states that regularly lean to a single party are known as safe states, as it is generally assumed that one candidate has a base of support from which they can draw a sufficient share of the electorate.", "Swing state __knowledge__ Due to the winner-take-all style of the Electoral College, candidates often campaign only in competitive states, which is why a select group of states frequently receives a majority of the advertisements and partisan media.", "Ohio gubernatorial election, 2006 __knowledge__ The Ohio gubernatorial election of 2006 was held on November 7, 2006, and was a race for the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Ohio.", "Ohio gubernatorial election, 2006 __knowledge__ Incumbent Governor Bob Taft could not run for re-election, because Ohio governors are limited to two consecutive terms in office.", "Ohio gubernatorial election, 2006 __knowledge__ The general election for governor pitted Ohio Secretary of State Ken Blackwell, the Republican nominee, against United States Congressman Ted Strickland of Ohio's 6th congressional district, the Democratic nominee.", "Ohio gubernatorial election, 2006 __knowledge__ Their running mates were former Ohio Attorney General Lee Fisher on the Democratic ticket and State Representative Tom Raga on the Republican ticket.", "History of Indiana __knowledge__ The history of human activity in Indiana, a US state in the Midwest, began with migratory tribes of Native Americans who inhabited Indiana as early as 8000 BC.", "History of Indiana __knowledge__ Tribes succeeded one another in dominance for several thousand years and reached their peak of development during the period of Mississippian culture.", "History of Indiana __knowledge__ The region entered recorded history in the 1670s when the first Europeans came to Indiana and claimed the territory for the Kingdom of France.", "History of Indiana __knowledge__ After France ruled for 100 years (with little settlement in this area), it was defeated by Great Britain in the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) and ceded its territory east of the Mississippi.", "1880 Democratic National Convention __knowledge__ The 1880 Democratic National Convention was held June 22 to 24, 1880, at the Music Hall in Cincinnati, Ohio, and nominated Winfield S. Hancock of Pennsylvania for President and William H. English of Indiana for Vice President in the United States presidential election of 1880.", "1880 Democratic National Convention __knowledge__ Six men were officially candidates for nomination at the convention, and several more also received votes.", "1880 Democratic National Convention __knowledge__ Of these, the two leading candidates were Hancock and Thomas F. Bayard of Delaware.", "1880 Democratic National Convention __knowledge__ Not officially a candidate, but wielding a heavy influence over the convention, was the Democratic nominee from 1876, Samuel J. Tilden of New York.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ Women's suffrage (also known as female suffrage, woman suffrage or women's right to vote) is the right of women to vote in elections; a person who advocates the extension of suffrage, particularly to women, is called a suffragist.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ Limited voting rights were gained by women in Finland, Iceland, Sweden and some Australian colonies and western U.S. states in the late 19th century.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ National and international organizations formed to coordinate efforts to gain voting rights, especially the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (founded in 1904, Berlin, Germany), and also worked for equal civil rights for women." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state takes its name from the Ohio River.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The name originated from the Seneca language word \" ohiːyo\"', meaning \"great river\" or \"large creek\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is historically known as the \"Buckeye State\" after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as \"Buckeyes\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the state Supreme Court.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio derives from Seneca (an Iroquois language) as their name for the Ohio River/ Alleghany River, \"Ohi:yo\".", "Actifio __knowledge__ Actifio is a privately held information technology firm headquartered in Waltham, Massachusetts.", "Actifio __knowledge__ The company specializes in copy data virtualization for making information technology infrastructure more efficient by reducing unnecessary duplication of data.", "Actifio __knowledge__ Purportedly, Actifio's products are able to reduce unnecessary duplication of application data and software requirements for its users.The technology is designed to maintain data integrity while ensuring rapid access to that data throughout its entire life cycle.", "Actifio __knowledge__ The system virtualizes data management and storage to replace siloed data protection and availability applications with a single purpose-built system.", "Čukarica __knowledge__ Čukarica (, ) is an urban municipality of the city of Belgrade.", "Čukarica __knowledge__ The municipality of Čukarica covers an area of and it is divided in the urban and suburban part.", "Čukarica __knowledge__ The urban part of the municipality is completely within the Belgrade City proper, comprising many neighborhoods and sub-neighborhoods, some of which used to be separate towns until the 1970s before Belgrade expanded that much to make urban connection to them (Žarkovo, Železnik): The suburban part comprises seven suburban settlements, four of them classified as urban and three as rural settlements: The municipality has a population of 181,231 inhabitants, according to the 2011 census results.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Suburban is a full-size, extended-length sport utility vehicle from Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ It is the longest continuous use automobile nameplate in production, starting in 1935 for the 1935 U.S. model year, and has traditionally been one of General Motors' most profitable vehicles.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The 1935 first generation Carryall Suburban was one of the first production all-metal bodied station wagons.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ The Suburban has been produced under the Chevrolet, Holden, Plymouth and GMC marques until the GMC version was rebranded as the GMC Yukon XL.", "Chevrolet Suburban __knowledge__ For most of its recent history, the Suburban has been a station wagon-bodied version of the Chevrolet pickup truck, including the Chevrolet C/K and Silverado series of truck-based vehicles.", "Söderort __knowledge__ Söderort (literally \"the southern place\", sometimes translated to \"South Stockholm\") is the southern suburban part of the Stockholm Municipality, Sweden.", "Söderort __knowledge__ It is also part of the city of Stockholm.", "Söderort __knowledge__ It constitutes the southern suburban area within Stockholm's municipal borders.", "Söderort __knowledge__ Söderort is located in the northern part of the Södertörn peninsula/island, and is the southern suburban part of the Stockholm Municipality, Sweden.", "Söderort __knowledge__ It is also part of the city of Stockholm.", "Söderort __knowledge__ The boroughs part of Söderort are: Enskede-Årsta-Vantör, Farsta, Hägersten-Liljeholmen, Skärholmen, Skarpnäck and Älvsjö.", "Söderort __knowledge__ The main part of Söderort was annexed by the \"City of Stockholm\" in 1913.", "Shrinking cities __knowledge__ Shrinking cities or urban depopulation are dense cities that have experienced notable population loss.", "Shrinking cities __knowledge__ Emigration (migration from a place) is a common reason for city shrinkage.", "Shrinking cities __knowledge__ Since the infrastructure of such cities was built to support a larger population, its maintenance can become a serious concern.", "Shrinking cities __knowledge__ A related phenomenon is counter urbanization.", "Shrinking cities __knowledge__ The phenomenon of shrinking cities generally refers to a metropolitan area that experiences significant population loss in a short period of time.", "Shrinking cities __knowledge__ The theory is also known as counterurbanization, metropolitan deconcentration, and metropolitan turnaround.", "Plymouth Suburban __knowledge__ Plymouth Suburban is a Plymouth station wagon produced from 1949 to 1978.", "Plymouth Suburban __knowledge__ Prior to 1949, Plymouth had offered only a 4-door \"woodie\" station wagon, which was expensive not only to build, but also to buy.", "Plymouth Suburban __knowledge__ In 1949, Plymouth revolutionised the US station wagon market by introducing the industry's first all-steel body station wagon, the Suburban.", "Plymouth Suburban __knowledge__ In addition, for the first time in a low-priced car, automatic \"turn-the-key\" ignition/starter combination was introduced.", "Plymouth Suburban __knowledge__ The Suburban featured a two-door body (plus tailgate) and seated six.", "Plymouth Suburban __knowledge__ The back row of seating folded flat to allow of flat floor space, and became popular as a commercial wagon.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ In a surprise victory, the Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump took office as the 45th President, and Pence as the 48th Vice President, on January 20, 2017.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to the term limits established by the 22nd Amendment.", "Swing state __knowledge__ In American politics, the term swing state refers to any state that could reasonably be won by either the Democratic or Republican presidential candidate.", "Swing state __knowledge__ These states are usually targeted by both major-party campaigns, especially in competitive elections.", "Swing state __knowledge__ Meanwhile, the states that regularly lean to a single party are known as safe states, as it is generally assumed that one candidate has a base of support from which they can draw a sufficient share of the electorate.", "Swing state __knowledge__ Due to the winner-take-all style of the Electoral College, candidates often campaign only in competitive states, which is why a select group of states frequently receives a majority of the advertisements and partisan media.", "United States presidential election in Michigan, 2008 __knowledge__ The 2008 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 4, 2008.", "United States presidential election in Michigan, 2008 __knowledge__ It was part of the 2008 United States presidential election which happened throughout all 50 states and D.C..", "United States presidential election in Michigan, 2008 __knowledge__ Voters chose 17 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.", "United States presidential election in Michigan, 2008 __knowledge__ Michigan was won by Democratic nominee Barack Obama by a 16.5% margin of victory.", "United States presidential election in Michigan, 2008 __knowledge__ Early on, the state was heavily targeted as a swing state.", "United States presidential election in Michigan, 2008 __knowledge__ However, Obama started to pull away in the polls during the last few months, causing McCain to stop campaigning there.", "United States presidential election in Michigan, 2008 __knowledge__ Prior to the election, all 17 news organizations considered this a state Obama would win, or otherwise considered as a safe blue state.", "United States presidential election in Florida, 2004 __knowledge__ The 2004 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 2, 2004, as part of the 2004 United States presidential election.", "United States presidential election in Florida, 2004 __knowledge__ Voters chose 27 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.", "United States presidential election in Florida, 2004 __knowledge__ Florida was won by incumbent President George W. Bush by a 5.0% margin of victory.", "United States presidential election in Florida, 2004 __knowledge__ Prior to the election, most news organizations considered this a swing state.", "United States presidential election in Florida, 2004 __knowledge__ Once again Florida was under the national spotlight because of the facts that it had a high number of electoral votes (27) and the memory of the controversy surrounding the 2000 Florida vote still fresh in the minds of voters.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ He chose Mike Pence, the sitting Governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar and those without college degrees.", "United States presidential election in Virginia, 2008 __knowledge__ The 2008 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 4, 2008, which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election.", "United States presidential election in Virginia, 2008 __knowledge__ Voters chose 13 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.", "United States presidential election in Virginia, 2008 __knowledge__ Virginia was won by Democratic nominee Barack Obama by a 6.3% margin of victory.", "United States presidential election in Virginia, 2008 __knowledge__ Prior to the election, all 17 news organizations considered this a state Obama would win, or otherwise considered as a blue state, despite the fact that initially Virginia was a swing state that both campaigns targeted heavily in 2008 and that Virginia had been one of the most reliable red states in the nation since 1952.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries and caucuses were a series of electoral contests taking place within all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories, occurring between February 1 and June 7.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ Sanctioned by the Republican Party, these elections are designed to select the 2,472 delegates to send to the Republican National Convention, who selected the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, Donald Trump.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ The delegates also approved the party platform and vice-presidential nominee.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ A total of 17 major candidates entered the race starting March 23, 2015, when Senator Ted Cruz of Texas was the first to formally announce his candidacy: he was followed by former Governor Jeb Bush of Florida, retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson of Florida, Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey, businesswoman Carly Fiorina of Virginia, former Governor Jim Gilmore of Virginia, Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, former Governor Mike Huckabee of Arkansas, outgoing Governor Bobby Jindal of Louisiana, Governor John Kasich of Ohio, former Governor George Pataki of New York, Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky, former Governor Rick Perry of Texas, Senator Marco Rubio of Florida, former Senator Rick Santorum of Pennsylvania, businessman Donald Trump of New York and Governor Scott Walker of Wisconsin." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state takes its name from the Ohio River.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The name originated from the Seneca language word \" ohiːyo\"', meaning \"great river\" or \"large creek\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is historically known as the \"Buckeye State\" after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as \"Buckeyes\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the state Supreme Court.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio derives from Seneca (an Iroquois language) as their name for the Ohio River/ Alleghany River, \"Ohi:yo\".", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The global storm activity of 2010 includes major meteorological events in the Earth's atmosphere during the year, including winter storms (blizzards, ice storms, European windstorms), hailstorms, out of season monsoon rain storms, extratropical cyclones, gales, microbursts, flooding, rainstorms, tropical cyclones, and other severe weather events.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The thunderstorm season for the Northern Hemisphere began near spring, beginning on March 1, and ending on August 31.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ Fresh overnight snowfall on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day caused disruption in north east England, with roads across Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, County Durham and Teesside affected.", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ Piqua ( ) is a city in Miami County, Ohio, United States.", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ The population was 20,522 at the 2010 census.", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ It is part of the Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ Piqua was one of the cities that suffered severe flooding during the Great Dayton Flood of 1913.", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ In 1747, Fort Pickawillany was constructed by the British to protect their trading post at a Miami village of the same name.", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ It was located at the confluence of Loramie Creek and the Great Miami River.", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ (The present city of Piqua developed about a mile to the southwest.)", "Piqua, Ohio __knowledge__ In 1752 Charles de Langlade, an Ottawa war chief of partial French Canadian descent, attacked the fort.", "Central York School District __knowledge__ The Central York School District is a large, suburban, public school district that encompasses .", "Central York School District __knowledge__ Central York School District serves: the Borough of North York and Manchester Township and the greater part of Springettsbury Township in York County, Pennsylvania.", "Central York School District __knowledge__ According to 2010 federal census data it serves a resident population of 40,000 people.", "Central York School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Central York School District community population (25 years old and over) were 89.7% high school graduates and 29.7% college graduates.", "Central York School District __knowledge__ According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 31.3% of the district’s pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012.", "Conewago Valley School District __knowledge__ The Conewago Valley School District is a midsized, rural public school district.", "Conewago Valley School District __knowledge__ Conewago Valley School District encompasses approximately .", "Conewago Valley School District __knowledge__ It serves the Boroughs of Abbottstown, the northern portion of Bonneauville, McSherrystown and New Oxford and Berwick Township, Conewago Township, Hamilton Township, all but the southwestern edge of Mount Pleasant Township, Oxford Township, the eastern edge of Straban Township and the southeastern edge of Tyrone Township in Adams County, Pennsylvania.", "Conewago Valley School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 Federal Census data, it served a resident population of 23,314.", "Conewago Valley School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 27,336 people.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District, is a large, suburban, public school district with its main office located in Lewisberry, Pennsylvania.The Superintendent is Todd Stoltz.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ This district serves students in eastern Cumberland County and northern York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ It serves the municipalities of Lemoyne, New Cumberland and Wormleysburg boroughs and Lower Allen Township in Cumberland County; Goldsboro and Lewisberry boroughs, Fairview Township and Newberry Township in York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District encompasses approximately .", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, the District served a resident population of 57,960 people.", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ Global storm activity of 2009 profiles the major worldwide storms, including blizzards, ice storms, and other winter events, from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009.", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ Wintery storms are events in which the dominant varieties of precipitation are forms that only occur at cold temperatures, such as snow or sleet, or a rainstorm where ground temperatures are cold enough to allow ice to form (i.e.", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ freezing rain).", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ It may be marked by strong wind, thunder and lightning (a thunderstorm), heavy precipitation, such as ice (ice storm), or wind transporting some substance through the atmosphere (as in a dust storm, snowstorm, hailstorm, etc.).", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The history of Ohio State Buckeyes football covers 125 years through the 2014 season.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The team has represented the Ohio State University in the Western Conference, its successor the Big Ten, and in the NCAA Division I.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ Its history parallels the development of college football as a major sport in the United States and demonstrates the status of the Buckeyes as one of its major programs.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ In the mid-1880s the growing fever of the Walter Camp-style of football, formulated between 1880 and 1883 among colleges of the future Ivy League, reached Columbus, Ohio.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ Abortive early attempts at forming a team occurred in 1886 and 1987.", "Buckeye, Colorado __knowledge__ Buckeye is a farming and ranching unincorporated community in north central Larimer County, Colorado, United States.", "Buckeye, Colorado __knowledge__ Bounded on the west by the Roberts Ranch, the area includes Red Mountain Open Space to the north, Rawhide flats to the east, and extends south to Owl Canyon.", "Buckeye, Colorado __knowledge__ The tallest structure in the area is a grain silo on County Road 78.", "Buckeye, Colorado __knowledge__ Extensive feed yards are visible behind the silo which have historically been used for the custom feeding of sheep.", "Buckeye, Colorado __knowledge__ In 1910, the Buckeye Land and Development Co., an Ohio-based company established its presence in Colorado, and provided a name for the widespread community.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ Summit Metro Parks is a Metroparks system serving the citizens of Summit County, Ohio by managing in 16 developed parks, six conservation areas and more than of trails, with of the Ohio & Erie Canal Towpath Trail.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ The park district is fully supported by a levy, which voters are periodically asked to approve.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ Rangers are commissioned peace officers who provide safety and security by enforcing the park district’s rules, regulations, state, and local laws.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ In times of war, people often look for ways to escape the news and demands of the era.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ During World War I, Americans increasingly looked to parks and natural areas for temporary diversions.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The 2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented The Ohio State University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ It was the Buckeyes' 125th overall, the 102nd as a member of the Big Ten Conference, and first season as a member of the newly reorganized Eastern Division.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The team was led by Urban Meyer, in his third year as head coach, and played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a 14 wins and 1 loss (14–1 overall, 8–0 in the Big Ten), as Big Ten champions and as national champions after they defeated Oregon in the inaugural College Football Playoff National Championship Game.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The Ohio State Buckeyes football team is a college football team that competes as part of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, representing Ohio State University in the East Division of the Big Ten Conference.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ Ohio State has played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio since 1922.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The Buckeyes are recognized by the university and NCAA as having won eight national championships along with 38 conference championships (including 36 Big Ten titles), six division championships, 10 undefeated seasons, and six perfect seasons of having no losses or ties.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The first Ohio State game was a 20-14 victory over Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Ohio, on May 3, 1890.", "Buckeye TV __knowledge__ Buckeye TV is the student television station of The Ohio State University.", "Buckeye TV __knowledge__ The station produces original programming and content created by students through the Department of Theatre, and serves as the broadcasting outlet for students interested in television and related careers.", "Buckeye TV __knowledge__ Buckeye TV was founded on October 21, 2001, as a student organization.", "Buckeye TV __knowledge__ Since 2006 the station is an academically supported laboratory housed in the OSU Department of Theatre.", "Buckeye TV __knowledge__ For most of its first year, the station held weekly planning meetings, Sundays at 9 p.m. in Stecker Lounge.", "Buckeye TV __knowledge__ Four undergraduate students were initially involved in the station's planning process, including Frank Sasso, who served as the first General Manager; Dave Plantz, first vice president of programming; Jarrod Weiss, vice president of marketing; and Paul C. Forsgren, chief engineer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The state takes its name from the Ohio River.", "Ohio __knowledge__ The name originated from the Seneca language word \" ohiːyo\"', meaning \"great river\" or \"large creek\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is historically known as the \"Buckeye State\" after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as \"Buckeyes\".", "Ohio __knowledge__ The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the state Supreme Court.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.", "Ohio __knowledge__ Ohio derives from Seneca (an Iroquois language) as their name for the Ohio River/ Alleghany River, \"Ohi:yo\".", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The Phantom Stallion books, first published in 2002 by Avon Books, are a series written for young adult readers by American Terri Farley.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The main character is a girl named Samantha \"Sam\" Forster who shares a unique bond with a wild horse called The Phantom Stallion.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Having spent two years away from her family's Las Vegas, Nevada ranch to recover from a riding accident, Sam returns home to find that things are never easy where horses are concerned.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ There are 24 books in the series with one million copies sold worldwide.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Almost every book has a new equine character as its focus and Sam and her friends battle horse thieves, cougars, earthquakes and more to keep their horses safe.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Joseph Mercer, OBE (born 25 October 1934) is a retired English thoroughbred race horse jockey.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was active as a jockey from 1947 to 1985 and rode a total of 2,810 winners in Britain.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Mercer's nickname was \"Smokin' Joe\".", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was apprenticed to trainer Frederick Sneyd and won his first British Classic race while still an apprentice on Ambiguity in the 1953 Epsom Oaks.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was British flat racing Champion Apprentice twice, in 1952 and 1953.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He subsequently worked as stable jockey for Jack Colling, Dick Hern, Henry Cecil and Peter Walwyn.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ During his spell at Cecil's yard he won his only British flat racing Champion Jockey's title in 1979.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages differed in size, build and breed from the modern horse, and were, on average, smaller.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ They were also more central to society than their modern counterparts, being essential for war, agriculture, and transport.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Consequently, specific types of horse developed, many of which have no modern equivalent.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ While an understanding of modern horse breeds and equestrianism is vital for any analysis of the medieval horse, researchers also need to consider documentary (both written and pictorial) and archaeological evidence.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages were rarely differentiated by breed, but rather by use.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Young Lucretia and Other Stories __knowledge__ Young Lucretia and Other Stories is a collection of thirteen short stories by Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman.", "Young Lucretia and Other Stories __knowledge__ The individual stories in book were originally published in leading literary magazines such as \"Harper's Young People\" and \"St. Nicholas Magazine\" between 1887 and 1892.", "Young Lucretia and Other Stories __knowledge__ They were later collected and reprinted by Harper & Brothers in 1892.", "Young Lucretia and Other Stories __knowledge__ These stories primarily feature children who learn moral lessons after misbehaving.", "Young Lucretia and Other Stories __knowledge__ Young Lucretia Raymond lives with her strict Aunts Lucretia and Maria.", "Young Lucretia and Other Stories __knowledge__ During Christmastime, Lucretia is invited by the other schoolchildren to trim the Christmas tree at the schoolhouse in preparation for the Christmas celebrations.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Scared Weird Little Guys __knowledge__ Scared Weird Little Guys (also referred to as SWLG or The Scaredies) were an Australian comedy music duo formed in July 1990, comprising John Fleming (vocals, guitar, mandolin) and Rusty Berther (vocals, guitar, banjo).", "Scared Weird Little Guys __knowledge__ The Scaredies performed their last ever live show in Brisbane in May 2011, until a one-off benefit gig in Melbourne in October 2016.", "Scared Weird Little Guys __knowledge__ In 1987 Fleming joined \"Four Chairs No Waiting\", an \"a cappella\" group comprising David Holmes, Ramsey Collins and Rusty Berther.", "Scared Weird Little Guys __knowledge__ The group performed aboard a Fairstar cruise, as well as touring RSL clubs around Sydney.", "Scared Weird Little Guys __knowledge__ They performed during most of Expo 88 in Brisbane.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The 2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented Ohio State University during the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ Ohio State competed as a member of the East Division of the Big Ten Conference.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ They were led by Urban Meyer, who was in his 6th season as head coach at the school.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The 2017 LiFE Sports Spring Game took place in Columbus Ohio at 12:30pm on April 15, 2017.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes signed a total of 21 recruits.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes' 2017 schedule consisted of seven home games and 5 away games.", "2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ Ohio State hosted all three of its non-conference games; against Oklahoma of the Big 12, against independent Army, and against UNLV of the Mountain West.", "2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The 2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented The Ohio State University in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes were coached by Jim Tressel and played their home games in Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.", "2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ They were members of the Big Ten Conference.", "2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes finished the season officially 0-1 with the only game not vacated being a loss to Wisconsin.", "2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ If their wins had not been vacated they would have finished 13–1 and 7–1 in Big Ten play.", "2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes played in a BCS game for the sixth consecutive year.", "2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ They were invited to the Sugar Bowl where they defeated Arkansas, 31–26.", "2012 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The 2012 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented The Ohio State University in the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2012 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ It was the Buckeye's 123rd season overall, the 100th as a member of the Big Ten Conference and the second as a members of the Big Ten Leaders Division.", "2012 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Urban Meyer in his return to coaching after retiring from Florida in 2010 due to health concerns.", "2012 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.", "2012 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The Buckeyes finished the season undefeated with 12 wins (12–0 overall, 8–0 in the Big Ten), Big Ten Leaders Division champions and ranked third in the AP Poll.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The Ohio State Buckeyes football team is a college football team that competes as part of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, representing Ohio State University in the East Division of the Big Ten Conference.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ Ohio State has played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio since 1922.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The Buckeyes are recognized by the university and NCAA as having won eight national championships along with 38 conference championships (including 36 Big Ten titles), six division championships, 10 undefeated seasons, and six perfect seasons of having no losses or ties.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The first Ohio State game was a 20-14 victory over Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Ohio, on May 3, 1890.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The history of Ohio State Buckeyes football covers 125 years through the 2014 season.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ The team has represented the Ohio State University in the Western Conference, its successor the Big Ten, and in the NCAA Division I.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ Its history parallels the development of college football as a major sport in the United States and demonstrates the status of the Buckeyes as one of its major programs.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ In the mid-1880s the growing fever of the Walter Camp-style of football, formulated between 1880 and 1883 among colleges of the future Ivy League, reached Columbus, Ohio.", "History of Ohio State Buckeyes football __knowledge__ Abortive early attempts at forming a team occurred in 1886 and 1987.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The 2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented The Ohio State University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ It was the Buckeyes' 125th overall, the 102nd as a member of the Big Ten Conference, and first season as a member of the newly reorganized Eastern Division.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The team was led by Urban Meyer, in his third year as head coach, and played their home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.", "2014 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a 14 wins and 1 loss (14–1 overall, 8–0 in the Big Ten), as Big Ten champions and as national champions after they defeated Oregon in the inaugural College Football Playoff National Championship Game.", "2016 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The 2016 Ohio State Buckeyes football team represented The Ohio State University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2016 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ It was the Buckeyes' 127th overall, the 104th as a member of the Big Ten Conference, and third as a member of the Eastern Division.", "2016 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ The team was led by Urban Meyer, in his fifth year as head coach, and played its home games at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.", "2016 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ Ohio Stadium attendance record The Ohio State Buckeyes defeated the Bowling Green Falcons by a score of 77-10 at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio.", "2016 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ Ohio State's offense started off slow by QB, J.T.", "2016 Ohio State Buckeyes football team __knowledge__ Barrett throwing an interception returned for a touchdown to Brandon Harris." ] ]

[ 10, 50, 7, 67, 4 ]

[ "well one of the things that's always on our minds as Ohio residents is that we're a swing state, so our votes are very important in national elections!", "you don't want to be in a swing state! we are heavily targeted by both campaigns every election", "I live in the northern part of my great \"buckeye\" state :) named for its many buckeye trees", "you like football? we have great football played by a team called...you guessed it, the Ohio State Buckeyes!", "does she ever swim in the Ohio River?" ]

[ "Ohio", "Ohio", "Ohio", "Ohio", "Ohio" ]

[ "Bakery", "I love it with milk and coffee", "Oh yes, I love it. Especially when its foamed", "Wow, chocolate... But I am not really a fan of that" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ A cappuccino (; ) italian plural cappuccini, is an Italian coffee drink that is traditionally prepared with double espresso, and steamed milk foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ Variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, and flavoring with cinnamon or chocolate powder.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ It is typically smaller in volume than a caffè latte, with a thicker layer of micro foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The name comes from the Capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits, and in this context referring to the colour of the beverage when milk is added in small portion to dark, brewed coffee (today mostly espresso).", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a modern cappuccino with espresso créma and steamed milk is a result of a long evolution of the drink.", "Milk __knowledge__ Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals.", "Milk __knowledge__ It is the primary source of nutrition for infant mammals (including humans who breastfeed) before they are able to digest other types of food.", "Milk __knowledge__ Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases.", "Milk __knowledge__ It contains many other nutrients including protein and lactose.", "Milk __knowledge__ As an agricultural product, milk is extracted from non-human mammals during or soon after pregnancy.", "Milk __knowledge__ Dairy farms produced about 730 million tonnes of milk in 2011, from 260 million dairy cows.", "Milk __knowledge__ India is the world's largest producer of milk, and is the leading exporter of skimmed milk powder, yet it exports few other milk products.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Iced coffee is cold coffee with ice.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ The iced latte and iced mocha are examples.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ There are various brewing methods, with the fundamental division being cold brew – brewing the coffee cold, yielding different flavor, but not requiring cooling – or brewing hot and then cooling, generally by simply pouring over ice or into ice cold milk.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ In case of hot brewing this can be normally brewed coffee (drip, press pot, etc.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ ), or espresso.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Also in hot brewing, sweeteners and flavorings are often mixed into the hot coffee before cooling, due to faster dissolution in hot water.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Alternatively, syrup (sugar pre-dissolved in water) may be used, particularly gum syrup.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeination is the removal of caffeine from coffee beans, cocoa, tea leaves, and other caffeine-containing materials.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ While soft drinks which do not use caffeine as an ingredient are sometimes described as \"decaffeinated\", they are better termed \"non-caffeinated\" because decaffeinated implies that there was caffeine present at one point in time.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeinated drinks contain typically 1–2% of the original caffeine content, and sometimes as much as 20%.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeinated products are commonly termed decaf.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge performed the first isolation of pure caffeine from coffee beans in 1820.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ A coffeehouse, coffee shop or café (sometimes spelled cafe) is an establishment which primarily serves hot coffee, related coffee beverages (e.g., café latte, cappuccino, espresso), tea, and other hot beverages.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Some coffeehouses also serve cold beverages such as iced coffee and iced tea.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Many cafés also serve some type of food, such as light snacks, muffins or pastries.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ Coffeehouses range from owner-operated small businesses to large multinational corporations.", "Coffeehouse __knowledge__ In continental Europe, cafés often serve alcoholic beverages and light food, but elsewhere the term \"café\" may also refer to a tea room, \"greasy spoon\" (a small and inexpensive restaurant, colloquially called a \"caff\"), transport café, or other casual eating and drinking place.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Foam concrete __knowledge__ Foam concrete, also known as foamed concrete, foamcrete, cellular lightweight concrete or reduced density concrete, is defined as a cement based slurry, with a minimum of 20% (per volume) foam entrained into the plastic mortar.", "Foam concrete __knowledge__ As mostly no coarse aggregate is used for production of foam concrete the correct term would be called mortar instead of concrete.", "Foam concrete __knowledge__ Sometimes it may be called as \"foamed cement\" or \"foam cement\" because of mixture of only Cement & Foam without any fine aggregate.", "Foam concrete __knowledge__ The density of foam concrete usually varies from 400 kg/m³ to 1600 kg/ m³.", "Foam concrete __knowledge__ The density is normally controlled by substituting fully or part of the fine aggregate with foam.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ A dry suit or drysuit provides the wearer with environmental protection by way of thermal insulation and exclusion of water, and is worn by divers, boaters, water sports enthusiasts, and others who work or play in or near cold or contaminated water.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ A dry suit normally protects the whole body except the head, hands, and possibly the feet.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ In hazmat configurations, however, all of these are covered as well.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ The main difference between dry suits and wetsuits is that dry suits are designed to prevent water entering.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ This generally allows better insulation making them more suitable for use in cold water.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ Polystyrene (PS) is a synthetic aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ Polystyrene can be solid or foamed.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ General-purpose polystyrene is clear, hard, and rather brittle.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ It is an inexpensive resin per unit weight.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ It is a rather poor barrier to oxygen and water vapour and has a relatively low melting point.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics, the scale of its production being several million tonnes per year.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ Polystyrene can be naturally transparent, but can be coloured with colourants.", "Polystyrene __knowledge__ Uses include protective packaging (such as packing peanuts and CD and DVD cases), containers (such as \"clamshells\"), lids, bottles, trays, tumblers, disposable cutlery.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ LaRon Louis James (born February 18, 1982), better known by his stage name Juelz Santana, is an American rapper and actor.", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ He is from the Harlem neighborhood in New York City, and is a member of East Coast hip hop group The Diplomats.", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ He appeared on Cam'ron's 2002 singles, \"Oh Boy\" and \"Hey Ma\".", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ In 2003, his debut album \"From Me to U\" was released by Roc-A-Fella Records; his next album \"What the Game's Been Missing!\"", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ contained the top-ten single \"There It Go (The Whistle Song)\".", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ He is currently working on his third studio album \"Born to Lose, Built to Win\".", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ LaRon James was born in New York City, to an African-American father & a Dominican mother.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso (, , lit.", "Espresso __knowledge__ \"expressed\" from \"esprimere\", \"to express\" or \"to force out\") is coffee brewed by expressing or forcing out a small amount of nearly boiling water under pressure through finely ground coffee beans.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, has a higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and has \"crema\" on top (a foam with a creamy consistency).", "Espresso __knowledge__ As a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated.", "Espresso __knowledge__ Espresso is also the base for other drinks such as a caffè latte, cappuccino, caffè macchiato, caffè mocha, flat white, or caffè Americano.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ A cappuccino (; ) italian plural cappuccini, is an Italian coffee drink that is traditionally prepared with double espresso, and steamed milk foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ Variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, and flavoring with cinnamon or chocolate powder.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ It is typically smaller in volume than a caffè latte, with a thicker layer of micro foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The name comes from the Capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits, and in this context referring to the colour of the beverage when milk is added in small portion to dark, brewed coffee (today mostly espresso).", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a modern cappuccino with espresso créma and steamed milk is a result of a long evolution of the drink.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Iced coffee is cold coffee with ice.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ The iced latte and iced mocha are examples.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ There are various brewing methods, with the fundamental division being cold brew – brewing the coffee cold, yielding different flavor, but not requiring cooling – or brewing hot and then cooling, generally by simply pouring over ice or into ice cold milk.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ In case of hot brewing this can be normally brewed coffee (drip, press pot, etc.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ ), or espresso.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Also in hot brewing, sweeteners and flavorings are often mixed into the hot coffee before cooling, due to faster dissolution in hot water.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Alternatively, syrup (sugar pre-dissolved in water) may be used, particularly gum syrup.", "Latte __knowledge__ A latte ( or ) is a coffee drink made with espresso and steamed milk.", "Latte __knowledge__ The term as used in English is a shortened form of the Italian caffè latte , caffelatte or caffellatte , which means \"milk coffee\".", "Latte __knowledge__ The word is also sometimes spelled latté or lattè in English with different kinds of accent marks, which can be a hyperforeignism or a deliberate attempt to indicate that the word is not pronounced according to the rules of English orthography.", "Latte __knowledge__ In northern Europe and Scandinavia the term \"café au lait\" has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk.", "Latte __knowledge__ In France, \"caffè latte\" is mostly known from the original Italian name of the drink (caffè latte or caffelatte); a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a \"latte\" is in French called \"grand crème\" and in German \"Milchkaffee\" or (in Austria) \"Wiener Melange\".", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee preparation is the process of turning coffee beans into a beverage.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ While the particular steps vary with the type of coffee and with the raw materials, the process includes four basic steps: raw coffee beans must be roasted, the roasted coffee beans must then be ground, the ground coffee must then be mixed with hot water for a certain time (brewed), and finally the liquid coffee must be separated from the used grounds.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is usually brewed immediately before drinking.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ In most areas, coffee may be purchased unprocessed, or already roasted, or already roasted and ground.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is often vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and lengthen its shelf life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using mills to grind grain into the flour for their breads.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The oncoming demand for baked goods vigorously continued and the first bakers' guild was established in 168 BC in Rome.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This drastic appeal for baked goods promoted baking all throughout Europe and expanded into the eastern parts of Asia.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Bakers started baking breads and goods at home and selling them out on the streets.", "Bakery __knowledge__ This trend became common and soon, baked products were getting sold in streets of Rome, Germany, London and many more.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ Unleashed is the third studio album by American rapper Bow Wow.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 19, 2003, by Columbia Records.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Amerie, Baby, Mario and Jagged Edge, with its production handled by Bink!, The Neptunes, Jazze Pha, Swizz Beatz and Lil Jon, among others.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It is Bow Wow's first album without assistance or production from his mentor Jermaine Dupri, and where he dropped the 'Lil' from his stage name after his film debut in \"Like Mike\" (2002).", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ \"Unleashed\" received mixed reviews from critics, who felt that despite the changes in flow, production and lyrics, Bow Wow didn't distinguish himself enough to stand out from other rappers.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ A cappuccino (; ) italian plural cappuccini, is an Italian coffee drink that is traditionally prepared with double espresso, and steamed milk foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ Variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, and flavoring with cinnamon or chocolate powder.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ It is typically smaller in volume than a caffè latte, with a thicker layer of micro foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The name comes from the Capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits, and in this context referring to the colour of the beverage when milk is added in small portion to dark, brewed coffee (today mostly espresso).", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a modern cappuccino with espresso créma and steamed milk is a result of a long evolution of the drink.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ A doughnut or donut (both: or ; see spelling differences) is a type of fried dough confectionery or dessert food.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ The doughnut is popular in many countries and prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, and typically either ring-shaped or a number of shapes without a hole, and often filled, but can also be ball-shaped (the \"hole\").", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Other types of batters can also be used, and various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century." ] ]

[ 3, 15, 61, 26 ]

[ "I love bakeries, despite all the carbs. Some also serve coffee and tea, which gives me my caffeine hit as well.", "Some coffee drinks with milk are espresso-based, where the milk is foamed, or liqueurs are added. Do you like those?", "My favorite is cappuccino, though some different versions of the drink use cream and flavor with cinnamon or chocolate.", "Really? I love it. It comes in so many forms (liquid, paste, block) and can be used to flavor so many things." ]

[ "Bakery", "Bakery", "Bakery", "Bakery" ]

[ "Science fiction\nMy husband loves Science fiction shows. Do you watch them much?", "Star Trek and Battle star Gallactica, not to mention Star Gate.", "I bet that is a beautiful area to live in. I've seen some of Star Gate, but I didn't realize that is what it was filmed.", "I think my husband is fascinated by the same types of things. Me, not so much.", "Yeah. I can see how it changed. I will admit to loving the movie \"Independence Day,\" though." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ U.S. television science fiction is a popular genre of television in the United States that has produced many of the best-known and most popular science fiction shows in the world.", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ Most famous of all, and one of the most influential science-fiction series in history, is the iconic \"\" and its various spin-off shows, which comprise the Star Trek franchise.", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ Other hugely influential programs have included the 1960s anthology series \"The Twilight Zone,\" the internationally successful \"The X-Files,\" and a wide variety of television movies and continuing series for more than half a century.", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ The first popular science-fiction program on American television was the children's adventure serial \"Captain Video and His Video Rangers\", which ran from June 1949 to April 1955.", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ British television science fiction refers to popular programmes in the genre that have been produced by both the BBC and Britain's largest commercial channel, ITV.", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ The BBC's \"Doctor Who\" is listed in the \"Guinness World Records\" as the longest-running science fiction television show in the world and as the \"most successful\" science fiction series of all time.", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ The first known science fiction television programme was produced by the BBC's pre-war television service.", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ On 11 February 1938 a thirty-five-minute adapted extract of the play \"RUR\", written by the Czech playwright Karel Čapek, was broadcast live from the BBC's Alexandra Palace studios.", "Babylon 5 __knowledge__ Babylon 5 is an American science fiction television series created by writer and producer J. Michael Straczynski, under the Babylonian Productions label, in association with Straczynski's Synthetic Worlds Ltd. and Warner Bros.", "Babylon 5 __knowledge__ Domestic Television.", "Babylon 5 __knowledge__ After the successful airing of a test pilot movie on February 22, 1993, \"\", in May 1993 Warner Brothers commissioned the series for production as part of its Prime Time Entertainment Network (PTEN).", "Babylon 5 __knowledge__ The first season premiered in the US on January 26, 1994, and the series ultimately ran for the intended five seasons.", "Babylon 5 __knowledge__ Describing it as having \"always been conceived as, fundamentally, a five year story, a novel for television\", Straczynski wrote 92 of the 110 episodes, and served as executive producer, along with Douglas Netter.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ The literary genre of science fiction is diverse, and its exact definition remains a contested question among both scholars and devotees.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ This lack of consensus is reflected in debates about the genre's history, particularly over determining its exact origins.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ There are two broad camps of thought, one that identifies the genre's roots in early fantastical works such as the Sumerian \"Epic of Gilgamesh\" (earliest Sumerian text versions c. 2150–2000 BCE).", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ A second approach argues that science fiction only became possible sometime between the 17th and early 19th centuries, following the scientific revolution and major discoveries in astronomy, physics, and mathematics.", "Melanoplus bivittatus __knowledge__ Melanoplus bivittatus (two-striped grasshopper) is a poikilothermic species of grasshopper belonging to the genus \"Melanoplus\".", "Melanoplus bivittatus __knowledge__ It is commonly found in North America, with high quantities inhabiting Canadian prairies and farmland.", "Melanoplus bivittatus __knowledge__ A relatively large species with sizes ranging from 30 to 55 mm.", "Melanoplus bivittatus __knowledge__ A pair of pale yellow stripes running along the top of its body from above its eyes to the hind tip of its wings help to easily identify this species.", "Melanoplus bivittatus __knowledge__ This characteristic also gives this species its other common name the yellow-striped grasshopper.", "Melanoplus bivittatus __knowledge__ The species also has a yellowish green coloration throughout its body due to chromoprotein and carotenoid.", "Chinese science fiction __knowledge__ Chinese science fiction (traditional Chinese: 科學幻想, simplified Chinese: 科学幻想, pinyin: \"kēxué huànxiǎng\", commonly abbreviated to 科幻 kēhuàn, literally \"scientific fantasy\") is genre of literature that concerns itself with hypothetical future social and technological developments in the Sinosphere.", "Chinese science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction in China was initially popularized through translations of Western authors during the late-Qing dynasty by proponents of Western-style modernization such as Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei as a tool to spur technological innovation and scientific progress.", "Chinese science fiction __knowledge__ With his translation of Jules Verne's \"Fifteen Little Heroes\" into Classical Chinese, Liang Qichao became one of the first and most influential advocates of science fiction in Chinese." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "Kazon __knowledge__ The Kazon are a fictional alien race in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Kazon __knowledge__ Developed by \"\" series' co-creators Rick Berman, Michael Piller, and Jeri Taylor, the Kazon serve as the primary antagonists during the show's first two seasons.", "Kazon __knowledge__ They are represented as a nomadic species divided into eighteen separate sects, and characterized by their reliance on violence.", "Kazon __knowledge__ A patriarchal society, the Kazon have a low opinion of women, and place pride in men becoming warriors and proving themselves in battle.", "Kazon __knowledge__ The Kazon storylines frequently revolve around the attempts of Jal Culluh and his Kazon sect to steal technology from the USS \"Voyager\", with the assistance of former \"Voyager\" ensign Seska.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The original series, which aired in the late 1960s, has since spawned six successor series and thirteen movies , a plethora of merchandise, and a multibillion-dollar industry collectively known as the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The franchise is owned by CBS Television Studios, which now owns television properties previously held by Paramount Pictures, the studio that produced \"Star Trek\" for many decades; CBS Paramount continues to hold DVD rights to the TV series, and the rights to produce feature films.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ Two films, \"Galaxy Quest\" and \"Free Enterprise\", and a television series, \"The Orville\", have been inspired by the cultural influence of \"Star Trek\".", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He is best remembered for creating the .", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Born in El Paso, Texas, Roddenberry grew up in Los Angeles, where his father was a police officer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Roddenberry flew 89 combat missions in the Army Air Forces during World War II, and worked as a commercial pilot after the war.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Later, he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the Los Angeles Police Department, where he also began to write scripts for television.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ As a freelance writer, Roddenberry wrote scripts for \"Highway Patrol\", \"Have Gun–Will Travel\", and other series, before creating and producing his own television series \"The Lieutenant.\"", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ Star Trek: First Contact is a 1996 American science fiction film directed by Jonathan Frakes in his directorial debut, and based on the franchise of the same name created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ It is the eighth film in the \"Star Trek\" film series, as well as the second to star the cast of the series \"\".", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ In the film, the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\"-E travel back in time to the mid 21st-century in order to stop the cybernetic Borg from conquering Earth by changing the past.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ After the release of the seventh film, \"Star Trek Generations\" (1994), Paramount Pictures tasked writers Brannon Braga and Ronald D. Moore with developing the next film in the series.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" and \"Star Wars\" are science fiction media franchises that present alternative scenarios of space adventure.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ The two streams have offered various forms of media productions for decades that manage billions of dollars of intellectual property, providing employment and entertainment for billions of people around the world.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" was introduced as in 1966 that lasted three years. \"\"", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ commenced in 1973 (based directly on the original series) but lasted only two seasons with a combined total of 22 episodes.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ With the subsequent publication of novels, comics, animated series, toys and feature films, \"Star Trek\" grew into an enormous media franchise.", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ U.S. television science fiction is a popular genre of television in the United States that has produced many of the best-known and most popular science fiction shows in the world.", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ Most famous of all, and one of the most influential science-fiction series in history, is the iconic \"\" and its various spin-off shows, which comprise the Star Trek franchise.", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ Other hugely influential programs have included the 1960s anthology series \"The Twilight Zone,\" the internationally successful \"The X-Files,\" and a wide variety of television movies and continuing series for more than half a century.", "U.S. television science fiction __knowledge__ The first popular science-fiction program on American television was the children's adventure serial \"Captain Video and His Video Rangers\", which ran from June 1949 to April 1955.", "Syfy __knowledge__ Syfy (formerly Sci-Fi Channel and Sci Fi) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment Group division of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.", "Syfy __knowledge__ The channel features science fiction, fantasy, horror, supernatural, paranormal, drama, and reality programming.", "Syfy __knowledge__ Syfy is available to 92.4 million households in America.", "Syfy __knowledge__ In 1989, Boca Raton, Florida, communications attorney Mitchell Rubenstein and his wife Laurie Silvers devised the concept for the Sci-Fi Channel, and planned to have it begin broadcasting in December 1990, but lacked the resources to launch it.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ Stargate SG-1 (often abbreviated as SG-1) is a military science fiction adventure television series and part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's \"Stargate\" franchise.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The show, created by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, is based on the 1994 science fiction film \"Stargate\" by Dean Devlin and Roland Emmerich.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The television series was filmed in and around the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The series premiered on Showtime on July 27, 1997 and moved to the Sci Fi Channel on June 7, 2002; the final episode first aired on Sky1 on March 13, 2007.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ With 214 episodes over ten seasons, \"Stargate SG-1\" had surpassed \"The X-Files\" as the longest-running North American science fiction television series, until it was surpassed by the series \"Smallville\" in 2011.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec, based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The series premiered on The CW on September 10, 2009, and concluded on March 10, 2017, airing 171 episodes over eight seasons.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by \"Arrow\".", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The show has received numerous award nominations, winning four People's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ Sci-Fi on the Rock is an annual science fiction, fantasy and horror festival held in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It was founded by Darren Hann and Melanie Collins in mid-to-late 2006, and held its first festival in 2007.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It began in 2007 at the Hotel Mount Pearl, moving on to be housed in the Holiday Inn in St. John's as of April 2008.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The convention made another move in 2016 to the Sheraton Hotel Newfoundland.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The festival has had a number a notable guests both from Newfoundland and beyond, including science-fiction author Kenneth Tam (\"Defense Command\", \"His Majesty's New World\"), comic-book artist Paul Tucker (\"The Underworld Railroad\", \"Google John Smith\"), actor Brian Downey (\"Lexx\", \"Millennium\"), actor Jeremy Bulloch (\"The Empire Strikes Back\", \"Octopussy\"), author William Meikle (\"The Midnight Eye\" series), horror author Matthew LeDrew (\"Black Womb\", \"Roulette\") and author Shannon Patrick Sullivan (\"The Dying Days\").", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ British television science fiction refers to popular programmes in the genre that have been produced by both the BBC and Britain's largest commercial channel, ITV.", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ The BBC's \"Doctor Who\" is listed in the \"Guinness World Records\" as the longest-running science fiction television show in the world and as the \"most successful\" science fiction series of all time.", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ The first known science fiction television programme was produced by the BBC's pre-war television service.", "British television science fiction __knowledge__ On 11 February 1938 a thirty-five-minute adapted extract of the play \"RUR\", written by the Czech playwright Karel Čapek, was broadcast live from the BBC's Alexandra Palace studios." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "2001: A Space Odyssey (film) __knowledge__ 2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 epic science-fiction film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick.", "2001: A Space Odyssey (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Kubrick and Arthur C. Clarke, partially inspired by Clarke's short story \"The Sentinel\".", "2001: A Space Odyssey (film) __knowledge__ Clarke concurrently wrote the novel \"\", published soon after the film was released.", "2001: A Space Odyssey (film) __knowledge__ The film follows a voyage to Jupiter with the sentient computer HAL after the discovery of a mysterious black monolith affecting human evolution.", "2001: A Space Odyssey (film) __knowledge__ It deals with the themes of existentialism, human evolution, technology, artificial intelligence, and extraterrestrial life.", "2001: A Space Odyssey (film) __knowledge__ It is noted for its scientifically accurate depiction of space flight, pioneering special effects, and ambiguous imagery.", "Wayfarer Redemption __knowledge__ Wayfarer Redemption is the name of two trilogies that were released as a single six-book series in the U.S. by fantasy author Sara Douglass, and subdivided into two trilogies: the Axis trilogy, and the Wayfarer Redemption trilogy.", "Wayfarer Redemption __knowledge__ This sequence is followed by the Darkglass Mountain trilogy.", "Wayfarer Redemption __knowledge__ The series is set in a fictitious land containing the lands of Tencendor, also known as Achar, Coroleas, Escator and Isembaard.", "Wayfarer Redemption __knowledge__ The background of the series is quite extensive, and the events featured in the novels stem from a series of events that began thousands of years before the beginning of the first book.", "Star Gate (novel) __knowledge__ Star Gate is a science fantasy novel by American writer Andre Norton, published by Harcourt, Brace & Company in 1958.", "Star Gate (novel) __knowledge__ The story is a blend of science fiction with sword and sorcery, continuing the premise that Norton introduced in \"The Crossroads of Time\", mingling technologically advanced aliens (from Earth) with the natives of the far-off world Gorth and a native culture that has achieved the development level of Medieval Europe.", "Star Gate (novel) __knowledge__ In her prologue, Norton mentions the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics that Hugh Everett III had presented the year before \"Star Gate\" was published.", "Star Gate (novel) __knowledge__ On the assumption that every quantum interaction splits the universe into two copies that evolve along separate historical tracks, Norton postulated a mechanism that enables people to travel between alternate versions of the same world and even meet alternate versions of themselves.", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ A Stargate is an Einstein–Rosen bridge portal device within the \"Stargate\" fictional universe that allows practical, rapid travel between two distant locations.", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ The devices first appear in the 1994 Roland Emmerich film \"Stargate\", and thereafter in the television series \"Stargate SG-1\", \"Stargate Atlantis\", and \"Stargate Universe\".", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ In these productions the Stargate functions as a plot generator, allowing the main characters to visit alien planets without the need for spaceships or any other type of technology.", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ The device allows for near-instantaneous travel across both interstellar and extragalactic distances.", "Stargate (video game) __knowledge__ Stargate (also known Defender II) is an arcade game released in 1981 by Williams Electronics.", "Stargate (video game) __knowledge__ Created by Eugene Jarvis and Larry DeMar, it is a sequel to the 1980 game \"Defender\", and was the first of only three productions from Vid Kidz, an independent development house formed by Jarvis and DeMar.", "Stargate (video game) __knowledge__ This sequel adds new ships to the alien fleet, including Firebombers, Yllabian Space Guppies, Dynamos, and Space Hums.", "Stargate (video game) __knowledge__ The Defender ship is now equipped with an Inviso cloaking device, which renders the ship invulnerable when activated, but has a limited charge.", "Stargate (video game) __knowledge__ A Stargate transports the ship to any humanoid in trouble.", "Douglas Trumbull __knowledge__ Douglas Huntley Trumbull (; born April 8, 1942) is an American film director, special effects supervisor, and inventor.", "Douglas Trumbull __knowledge__ He contributed to, or was responsible for, the special photographic effects of \"\", \"Close Encounters of the Third Kind\", \"\", \"Blade Runner\" and \"The Tree of Life\", and directed the movies \"Silent Running\" and \"Brainstorm\".", "Douglas Trumbull __knowledge__ Douglas was born in Los Angeles.", "Douglas Trumbull __knowledge__ He is the son of Donald Trumbull who created visual effects for the 1939 movie \"The Wizard of Oz\" as well as later movies including \"Silent Running\" and \"Star Wars\".", "Douglas Trumbull __knowledge__ Douglas Trumbull's early work was at Graphic Films in Los Angeles.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ Vancouver (, ) is a coastal seaport city in Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ As the most populous city in the province, the 2016 census recorded 631,486 people in the city, up from 603,502 in 2011.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ The Greater Vancouver area had a population of 2,463,431 in 2016, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada with over 5,400 people per square kilometre, which makes it the fourth-most densely populated city with over 250,000 residents in North America behind New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City according to the 2011 census.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ British Columbia (BC or B.C.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ ; French: \"Colombie-Britannique\") is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 4.8 million as of 2017, it is Canada's third-most populous province.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ The first British settlement in the area was Fort Victoria, established in 1843, which gave rise to the City of Victoria, at first the capital of the separate Colony of Vancouver Island.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ Subsequently, on the mainland, the Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) was founded by Richard Clement Moody and the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment, in response to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ The Pacific Northwest (PNW), sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in western North America bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and (loosely) by the Cascade Mountain Range on the east.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Though no agreed boundary exists, a common conception includes the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington and the Canadian province of British Columbia.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Broader conceptions reach north into Southeast Alaska and Yukon, south into northern California and east to the Continental Divide, thus including Idaho, Western Montana, and western Wyoming.", "Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Narrower conceptions may be limited to the northwestern US or to the coastal areas west of the Cascade and Coast mountains.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defence technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ Also of note is the fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the \"age\" of its introduction.", "Air India Flight 182 __knowledge__ Air India Flight 182 was an Air India flight operating on the Toronto–Montreal–London–Delhi route.", "Air India Flight 182 __knowledge__ On 23 June 1985, the Boeing 747-237B serving the flight (c/n 21473/330, registration , \"Emperor Kanishka\") was destroyed by a bomb at an altitude of .", "Air India Flight 182 __knowledge__ It crashed into the Atlantic Ocean while in Irish airspace.", "Air India Flight 182 __knowledge__ It was the first bombing of a 747 jumbo jet.", "Air India Flight 182 __knowledge__ A total of 329 people were killed, including 268 Canadian citizens, 27 British citizens and 24 Indian citizens.", "Air India Flight 182 __knowledge__ The incident was the largest mass murder in Canadian history, and the deadliest incident in the history of Air India.", "Air India Flight 182 __knowledge__ It was also the deadliest terrorist attack involving an airplane until the September 11 attacks.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ This article outlines the history of natural scientific research in Canada, including physics, astronomy, space science, geology, oceanography, chemistry, biology, and medical research.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ Neither the social sciences nor the formal sciences are treated here.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ The early European explorers were responsible for charting much of what would become the east and west coasts of Canada as well as the Arctic.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ John Cabot, the Italian explorer sailing under the English flag made two voyages to North America in 1497 and 1498 along the coast of what is now called Newfoundland.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ Gaspar Corte-Real, the Portuguese explorer, is thought to have explored the area along the Newfoundland, Labrador and Greenland coasts in 1500 and 1501." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "Fred Dibnah __knowledge__ Frederick Dibnah, (28 April 1938 – 6 November 2004) was an English steeplejack and television personality, with a keen interest in mechanical engineering.", "Fred Dibnah __knowledge__ When Dibnah was born, Britain relied heavily upon coal to fuel its industry.", "Fred Dibnah __knowledge__ As a child he was fascinated by the steam engines which powered the many textile mills in Bolton, but he paid particular attention to chimneys and the men who worked on them.", "Fred Dibnah __knowledge__ He began his working life as a joiner, before becoming a steeplejack.", "Fred Dibnah __knowledge__ From age 22, he served for two years in the armed forces, as part of his National Service.", "Fred Dibnah __knowledge__ Once demobilised, he returned to steeplejacking but met with limited success until he was asked to repair Bolton's parish church.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Seascape is a play by American playwright Edward Albee.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The play won the 1975 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The play opened on Broadway at the Sam S. Shubert Theatre on January 26, 1975 and closed on March 22, 1975 after 65 performances.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Directed by Albee, the cast starred Deborah Kerr (Nancy), Barry Nelson (Charlie), Maureen Anderman (Sarah) and Frank Langella (Leslie).", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Langella won the 1975 Tony Award, Featured Actor in a Play.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The play was nominated for the 1975 Tony Award, Play and Lighting Design (Play or Musical) (James Tilton).", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The original three-act version of the play ran in Europe.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Albee \"jettisoned a large section of the play\" during the out of town tryout in Baltimore, prior to the Broadway premiere.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ Sci-Fi on the Rock is an annual science fiction, fantasy and horror festival held in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It was founded by Darren Hann and Melanie Collins in mid-to-late 2006, and held its first festival in 2007.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It began in 2007 at the Hotel Mount Pearl, moving on to be housed in the Holiday Inn in St. John's as of April 2008.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The convention made another move in 2016 to the Sheraton Hotel Newfoundland.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The festival has had a number a notable guests both from Newfoundland and beyond, including science-fiction author Kenneth Tam (\"Defense Command\", \"His Majesty's New World\"), comic-book artist Paul Tucker (\"The Underworld Railroad\", \"Google John Smith\"), actor Brian Downey (\"Lexx\", \"Millennium\"), actor Jeremy Bulloch (\"The Empire Strikes Back\", \"Octopussy\"), author William Meikle (\"The Midnight Eye\" series), horror author Matthew LeDrew (\"Black Womb\", \"Roulette\") and author Shannon Patrick Sullivan (\"The Dying Days\").", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ Stargate SG-1 (often abbreviated as SG-1) is a military science fiction adventure television series and part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's \"Stargate\" franchise.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The show, created by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, is based on the 1994 science fiction film \"Stargate\" by Dean Devlin and Roland Emmerich.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The television series was filmed in and around the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The series premiered on Showtime on July 27, 1997 and moved to the Sci Fi Channel on June 7, 2002; the final episode first aired on Sky1 on March 13, 2007.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ With 214 episodes over ten seasons, \"Stargate SG-1\" had surpassed \"The X-Files\" as the longest-running North American science fiction television series, until it was surpassed by the series \"Smallville\" in 2011.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ Futures studies (also called futurology) is the study of postulating possible, probable, and preferable futures and the worldviews and myths that underlie them.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ There is a debate as to whether this discipline is an art or science, and many scientists considere it even as mainly pseudoscience.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ In general, it can be considered as a branch of the social sciences and parallel to the field of history.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ Futures studies (colloquially called \"futures\" by many of the field's practitioners) seeks to understand what is likely to continue and what could plausibly change.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ Part of the discipline thus seeks a systematic and pattern-based understanding of past and present, and to determine the likelihood of future events and trends.", "History of science fiction films __knowledge__ The history of science fiction films parallels that of the motion picture industry as a whole, although it took several decades before the genre was taken seriously.", "History of science fiction films __knowledge__ Since the 1960s, major science fiction films have succeeded in pulling in large audience shares, and films of this genre have become a regular staple of the film industry.", "History of science fiction films __knowledge__ Science fiction films have led the way in special effects technology, and have also been used as a vehicle for social commentary.", "History of science fiction films __knowledge__ Science fiction films appeared very early in the silent film era.", "History of science fiction films __knowledge__ The initial attempts were short films of typically 1 to 2 minutes in duration, shot in black and white, but sometimes with colour tinting.", "Sci-Fi Dine-In Theater Restaurant __knowledge__ The Sci-Fi Dine-In Theater Restaurant is a theme restaurant at Disney's Hollywood Studios, one of the four main theme parks at Walt Disney World in Bay Lake, Florida, United States.", "Sci-Fi Dine-In Theater Restaurant __knowledge__ Established in May 1991, the restaurant is modeled after a 1950s drive-in theater.", "Sci-Fi Dine-In Theater Restaurant __knowledge__ Walt Disney Imagineering designed the booths to resemble convertibles of the period, and some servers act as carhops while wearing roller skates.", "Sci-Fi Dine-In Theater Restaurant __knowledge__ While eating, guests watch a large projection screen displaying film clips from such 1950s and 1960s films as \"Frankenstein Meets the Space Monster\", \"Plan 9 from Outer Space\", and \"Attack of the 50 Foot Woman\".", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec, based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The series premiered on The CW on September 10, 2009, and concluded on March 10, 2017, airing 171 episodes over eight seasons.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by \"Arrow\".", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The show has received numerous award nominations, winning four People's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "Independence Day: Resurgence __knowledge__ Independence Day: Resurgence is a 2016 American science fiction film written and directed by Roland Emmerich with co-writers Dean Devlin, Nicolas Wright, James A.", "Independence Day: Resurgence __knowledge__ Woods, and James Vanderbilt.", "Independence Day: Resurgence __knowledge__ A sequel to the 1996 film \"Independence Day\", it stars an ensemble cast featuring Liam Hemsworth, Jeff Goldblum, Bill Pullman, Maika Monroe, Jessie Usher, Travis Tope, William Fichtner, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Judd Hirsch, Brent Spiner, and Sela Ward.", "Independence Day: Resurgence __knowledge__ The film takes place twenty years after the events of the first film, during which the United Nations has collaborated to form Earth Space Defense (ESD), an international military defense and research organization.", "Independence Day (1996 film) __knowledge__ Independence Day is a 1996 American science fiction action film directed and co-written by Roland Emmerich.", "Independence Day (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film focuses on disparate groups of people who converge in the Nevada desert in the aftermath of a worldwide attack by an extraterrestrial race of unknown origin.", "Independence Day (1996 film) __knowledge__ With the other people of the world, they launch a last-ditch counterattack on July 4—Independence Day in the United States.", "Independence Day (1996 film) __knowledge__ While promoting \"Stargate\" in Europe, Emmerich came up with the idea for the film when fielding a question about his own belief in the existence of alien life.", "Independence Day (1996 film) __knowledge__ He and Dean Devlin decided to incorporate a large-scale attack having noticed that aliens in most invasion films travel long distances in outer space only to remain hidden when reaching Earth.", "Independence Day (Pakistan) __knowledge__ Independence Day (; \"Yaum-e Āzādī\"), observed annually on 14 August, is a national holiday in Pakistan.", "Independence Day (Pakistan) __knowledge__ It commemorates the day when Pakistan achieved independence and was declared a independent nation following the end of the British Raj in 1947.", "Independence Day (Pakistan) __knowledge__ Pakistan came into existence as a result of the Pakistan Movement, which aimed for the creation of an independent Muslim state in the north-western regions of South Asia via partition.", "Independence Day (Pakistan) __knowledge__ The movement was led by the All-India Muslim League under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah.", "Independence Day (Pakistan) __knowledge__ The event was brought forth by the Indian Independence Act 1947 under which the British Raj gave independence to the Dominion of Pakistan which comprised West Pakistan (present-day Pakistan) and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).", "Independence Day (India) __knowledge__ Independence Day is annually celebrated on 15 August, as a national holiday in India commemorating the nation's independence from the United Kingdom on 15 August 1947, the UK Parliament passed the Indian Independence Act 1947 transferring legislative sovereignty to the Indian Constituent Assembly.", "Independence Day (India) __knowledge__ India still retained King George VI as head of state until its transition to full republican constitution.", "Independence Day (India) __knowledge__ India attained independence following the Independence Movement noted for largely nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience led by the Indian National Congress (INC).", "Independence Day (India) __knowledge__ Independence coincided with the partition of India, in which the British India was divided along religious lines into the Dominions of India and Pakistan; the partition was accompanied by violent riots and mass casualties, and the displacement of nearly 15 million people due to religious violence.", "Philippine Independence Day Parade __knowledge__ The Philippine Independence Day Parade is a celebration for the Filipino American community in the United States home to more than 4 million Filipinos.", "Philippine Independence Day Parade __knowledge__ Its main purpose is to create awareness of Philippine culture and to raise funds for charity projects in the Philippines and the United States.", "Philippine Independence Day Parade __knowledge__ Philippine Independence, as a celebration in America, has gained cultural awareness prominently after the 21st century began.", "Philippine Independence Day Parade __knowledge__ Earlier generations of Filipino immigrants did not celebrate Philippine Independence in significant ways.", "Philippine Independence Day Parade __knowledge__ Philippine Independence Day is widely celebrated among Filipinos in the United States and is now a major event for many Filipino Americans to rekindle their roots and heritage.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Independence Day (United States) __knowledge__ Independence Day, also referred to as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776.", "Independence Day (United States) __knowledge__ The Continental Congress declared that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America, and were no longer part of the British Empire.", "Independence Day (United States) __knowledge__ The Congress actually voted to declare independence two days earlier, on July 2.", "Independence Day (United States) __knowledge__ Independence Day is commonly associated with fireworks, parades, barbecues, carnivals, fairs, picnics, concerts, baseball games, family reunions, and political speeches and ceremonies, in addition to various other public and private events celebrating the history, government, and traditions of the United States.", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Feminist science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction (abbreviated \"SF\") focused on theories that include but are not limited to gender inequality, sexuality, race, economics, and reproduction.", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Feminist SF is political because of its tendency to critique the dominant culture.", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Some of the most notable feminist science fiction works have illustrated these themes using utopias to explore a society in which gender differences or gender power imbalances do not exist, or dystopias to explore worlds in which gender inequalities are intensified, thus asserting a need for feminist work to continue.", "Feminist science fiction __knowledge__ Feminist science fiction (SF) distinguishes between \"female\" SF authors and \"feminist\" SF authors.", "Science-fiction convention __knowledge__ Science-fiction conventions are gatherings of fans of the speculative fiction genre, science fiction.", "Science-fiction convention __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction conventions had focused primarily on literature, but the purview of many extends to such other avenues of expression as movies, television, comics, animation, and .", "Science-fiction convention __knowledge__ The precise time and place of the first science-fiction convention is a matter of some dispute.", "Science-fiction convention __knowledge__ Sometime in 1936, a group of British fans made plans to have an organized gathering, with a planned program of events in a public venue in early 1937.", "Science-fiction convention __knowledge__ However, on October 22, 1936, a group of six or seven fans from New York City, including David Kyle and Frederik Pohl, traveled by train to Philadelphia, PA, where, for several hours they visited a similar number of local fans at the house of Milton A. Rothman.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Richard Martin (born George Raymond Martin; September 20, 1948), often referred to as George R. R. Martin, is an American novelist and short-story writer in the fantasy, horror, and science fiction genres, screenwriter, and television producer.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ He is best known for his series of epic fantasy novels, \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", which was later adapted into the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" (2011–present).", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ In 2005, Lev Grossman of \"Time\" called Martin \"the American Tolkien\", and in 2011, he was included on the annual \"Time\" 100 list of the most influential people in the world.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Martin (he later adopted the confirmation name Richard at 13 years old) was born on September 20, 1948, in Bayonne, New Jersey, the son of longshoreman Raymond Collins Martin and his wife Margaret Brady Martin.", "Hugo Award __knowledge__ The Hugo Awards are a set of literary awards given annually for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year.", "Hugo Award __knowledge__ The awards are named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the pioneering science fiction magazine \"Amazing Stories\", and were officially named the Science Fiction Achievement Awards until 1992.", "Hugo Award __knowledge__ Organized and overseen by the World Science Fiction Society, the awards are given each year at the annual World Science Fiction Convention as the central focus of the event.", "Hugo Award __knowledge__ They were first given in 1953, at the 11th World Science Fiction Convention, and have been awarded every year since 1955.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ LGBT themes in speculative fiction refer to the incorporation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) themes into science fiction, fantasy, horror fiction and related genres.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Such elements may include an LGBT character as the protagonist or a major character, or explorations of sexuality or gender that deviate from the hetero-normative.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy have traditionally been puritanical genres aimed at a male readership, and can be more restricted than non-genre literature by their conventions of characterisation and the effect that these conventions have on depictions of sexuality and gender." ] ]

[ 3, 50, 0, 4, 12 ]

[ "I love science fiction shows and all things sci-fi. Unlike fantasy, it avoids the supernatural. What shows does he enjoy? ", "I grew up watching Star Gate. I felt a special connection to it because it was filmed around Vancouver, British Columbia,Canada, where my family has a cabin. ", "I think what I enjoy most about sci-fi is that it is based on imaginative concepts. Potential future science is fascinating to me.", "That's totally understandable. Science fiction used be more grounded in real world science, but now its more imaginative and hard to define. ", "It's hard not to enjoy the 1996 Independence Day film by Roland Emmerich. I can't say I was a big fan of the newer rendition, though. " ]

[ "Science fiction", "Science fiction", "Science fiction", "Science fiction", "Science fiction" ]

[ "List of chicken dishes", "What do you usually prepare with your chicken?", "What is your favorite way to prepare it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Fried chicken (also referred to as Southern fried chicken for the variant in the United States) is a dish consisting of chicken pieces usually from broiler chickens which have been floured or battered and then pan-fried, deep fried, or pressure fried.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ What separates fried chicken from other fried forms of chicken is that generally the chicken is cut at the joints, and the bones and skin are left intact.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Crisp well-seasoned skin, rendered of excess fat, is a hallmark of well made fried chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the Middle Ages.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup is a soup made from chicken, simmered in water, usually with various other ingredients.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ The classic chicken soup consists of a clear chicken broth, often with pieces of chicken or vegetables; common additions are pasta, dumplings, or grains such as rice and barley.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup has acquired the reputation of a folk remedy for colds and influenza, and in many countries is considered a comfort food.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Variations on the flavor are gained by adding root vegetables such as parsnip, potato, sweet potato and celery root, herbs such as parsley, dill, other vegetables such as zucchini, whole garlic cloves or tomatoes and black pepper.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ Albanian cuisine () is a representative of the cuisine of the Mediterranean.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ It is an example of the Mediterranean diet due to the importance of olive oil, fruits, vegetables and fish.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ The cooking traditions of the Albanian people are diverse due to the environmental factors such as the geological and climatic conditions, which are suitable for the cultivation of nearly all kinds of herbs, vegetables and fruits.", "Albanian cuisine __knowledge__ Nevertheless, olive oil is the most ancient and commonly used vegetable fat in Albanian cooking, which has been produced since antiquity throughout the country particularly along the coasts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ Silvia Colloca (born 23 July 1977) is an Italian actress, blogger, cookbook author, and TV cookery show personality.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ She has published two cookbooks.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ Colloca was born in Milan to Loredana and Mario Colloca.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ Her first major film role was in \"Van Helsing\", in which she played Verona, one of Dracula's brides.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ On 25 September 2004, at the medieval castle Castello di Montalto in Tuscany, Italy she married the Australian actor Richard Roxburgh who played Dracula in that film.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ They have two sons, Raphael Jack Domenico Roxburgh born in 2007 and Miro Gianni David Roxburgh born in 2010, and a daughter, Luna Roxburgh born in 2017.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ Federico Damian \"Freddie\" Colloca (born February 14, 1975) is an Argentine-American Christian musician, pianist, and worship leader.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ He has released two noteworthy studio albums, \"Dance El Ritmo\", in 2001, and \"Unconditional\", in 2002, both with One Voice Music.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ He was nominated for a GMA Dove Award in 2002.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ Federico Damian Colloca was born on February 14, 1975, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the son of Roberto Colloca, a preacher, and his wife.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ He immigrated to Miami, Florida, when he was young with his family, where his father pastors, Iglesia Vida Abundante.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ His music acumen developed at ten years old, playing the piano and being a worship leader in his fathers church.", "Premio Internazionale Città di Ostia __knowledge__ The Premio Internazionale Città di Ostia was founded in 1971 by Tonino Colloca.", "Premio Internazionale Città di Ostia __knowledge__ \"Premio Internazionale Città di Ostia\" is organized by cultural association Anco Marzio, of whom Tonino Colloca is the president, with the purpose of enhance and promote personalities that come from different areas like literature, music, painting, theater, cinema, television etc.", "Premio Internazionale Città di Ostia __knowledge__ The prize increases and moves to the great hall of Palace Hotel Satellite, then move to the new Theater Manfredi The edition of 2012 takes place inside the cinema complex at Ostia Cineland.", "Premio Internazionale Città di Ostia __knowledge__ The first edition in 1971, has awarded Vittorio Gassman; in subsequent edition were awarded personalities such as: Ubaldo Lay, Paola Borboni, Maurizio Arena, Stella Carnacina, Ugo Pagliai, Antonella Lualdi, Arnoldo Foà, Beppe Costa, Stefania Battistella, Giovanna Mulas, Franco Loi.", "The Detonator __knowledge__ The Detonator is a 2006 American action film directed by Po Chih Leong, and starring Wesley Snipes, Silvia Colloca, Tim Dutton and William Hope.", "The Detonator __knowledge__ The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on April 25, 2006.", "The Detonator __knowledge__ Undercover C.I.A.", "The Detonator __knowledge__ agent Sonni Griffith (Wesley Snipes) travels alone to Romania to expose an arms dealer and stop the sale of a nuclear weapon.", "The Detonator __knowledge__ When the arms dealer is tipped off to Griffith's identity, he lands himself in prison...but is quickly released by the C.I.A.", "The Detonator __knowledge__ only to be given a new mission: to escort a beautiful Russian woman named Nadia (Silvia Colloca) back to the United States.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of \"Adventure Time\", an American animated television series created by Pendleton Ward, premiered on Cartoon Network on April 5, 2010 and concluded on September 27, 2010.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The season was produced by Cartoon Network Studios and Frederator Studios.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The series is based on a short produced for Frederator's Nicktoons Network animation incubator series \"Random!", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ Cartoons\".", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The season follows the adventures of Finn, a human boy, and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake, a dog with magical powers to change shape and size at will.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ Finn and Jake live in the post-apocalyptic Land of Ooo, where they interact with the other main characters of the show: Princess Bubblegum, The Ice King, Marceline the Vampire Queen, Lumpy Space Princess, and BMO.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\") is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting, tuberous roots are a root vegetable.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The young leaves and shoots are sometimes eaten as greens.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato is only distantly related to the potato (\"Solanum tuberosum\") and does not belong to the nightshade family, Solanaceae, but both families belong to the same taxonomic order, the Solanales.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The plant is a herbaceous perennial vine, bearing alternate heart-shaped or palmately lobed leaves and medium-sized sympetalous flowers.", "Libya __knowledge__ Libya (; , Berber: Libya or Libu), officially the State of Libya ( \"\"), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.", "Libya __knowledge__ The country is made of three historical regions, Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica.", "Libya __knowledge__ With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world.", "Libya __knowledge__ Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world.", "Libya __knowledge__ Libya has been inhabited by Berbers since the late Bronze Age.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 5 ]

[ "Usually when I meal prep I tend to always have a chicken dish. It is the most common poultry dish.", "Chicken can be prepared in so many different ways. Its used in a many different regions and cultures. Last night I made a Thai chicken dish.", "I liked baked chicken because it is healthy. Chicken is popular around the world because most of the chicken is edible. Minimal waste." ]

[ "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes" ]

[ "Bon Iver\nMy friend really likes Bon Iver! But iv'e never even heard about them. do you know anything about them?", "i dont even know", "i'm not even sure. i thought you know a lot about Bon Iver band :) ", "how interesting. do you know what kind of music they play?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Bon Iver ( Bone-ee-VARE) is an American indie folk band founded in 2006 by singer-songwriter Justin Vernon.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The name \"Bon Iver\" derives from the French phrase \"bon hiver\" () (\"good winter\"), taken from a greeting on \"Northern Exposure\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Vernon released Bon Iver's debut album, \"For Emma, Forever Ago,\" independently in July 2007.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The majority of that album was recorded while Vernon spent three months isolated in a cabin in northwestern Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The band later won in 2012 the Grammy awards for Best New Artist and Best Alternative Music Album for their album \"Bon Iver, Bon Iver\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ They released their third album \"22, A Million\" to critical acclaim in 2016.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ After the breakup of his band DeYarmond Edison, the ending of a relationship, and a bout with mononucleosis hepatitis, Vernon left Raleigh, North Carolina, and moved back to Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ He spent the oncoming winter months at his father's cabin in Dunn County, Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ According to Vernon, it was during this time that the \"Bon Iver\" moniker first entered his mind; while bedridden with mononucleosis, he began watching the 1990s TV series \"Northern Exposure\" on DVD.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ One episode depicts a group of citizens in Alaska, where the show is set, emerging from their homes into the first snowfall of the winter and wishing one another \"bon hiver\" (, French for \"good winter\").", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ Bon Iver (; also referred to as Bon Iver, Bon Iver) is the second studio album from American indie folk band Bon Iver, released on June 17, 2011.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ The album is composed of 10 songs and was seen as a new musical direction for the band.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ The album was commercially successful, debuting at number one on the Norwegian Albums Chart and the Danish Albums Chart, and number two on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ It sold 104,000 copies in its first week in the United States.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ , the album has sold a total of 629,000 copies in the United States.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ It received very positive reviews from critics, some of whom named it one of the best albums of 2011.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ \"Lost in the World\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kanye West from his fifth studio album, \"My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy\" (2010).", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ The song features vocals by Justin Vernon of indie folk band Bon Iver, as well as sampling his 2009 song \"Woods\".", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ It also contains portions of \"Soul Makossa\" written by Manu Dibango, and samples of \"Comment No.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ 1\", performed by Gil Scott-Heron.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ It was produced by West and Jeff Bhasker, who wrote the track with Vernon and Malik Jones.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ \"Lost in the World\" was initially leaked on September 29, 2010 and was 6 minutes and 4 seconds long.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ The version on the album was split up into two parts, with the outro becoming a new track entitled \"Who Will Survive in America\".", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ Eaux Claires, also known as the Eaux Claires Music & Arts Festival, is an annual two-day music and arts festival that takes place in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ The festival was founded in 2015 by Aaron Dessner of The National and Justin Vernon of Bon Iver in order to shine a spotlight on the region and the provide an outlet for musicians of all genres to gather and perform in a space both designed and populated by artists of other mediums.", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ The festival is currently held at Foster Farms in Chippewa County.", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ Artists that have performed in past years include Bon Iver, The National, Sufjan Stevens, Erykah Badu, Spoon, Blind Boys of Alabama, Sturgill Simpson, Doomtree, Vince Staples, and James Blake.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ Justin DeYarmond Edison Vernon (born April 30, 1981) is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and producer.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ He is best known as the primary songwriter and frontman of indie folk band Bon Iver.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ Vernon is also a member of the bands Volcano Choir, The Shouting Matches and Gayngs, and was a member of the now-defunct band DeYarmond Edison.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ Vernon attended Memorial High School in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, where he still resides today.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ He formed his first band, Mount Vernon, in 1997 after meeting its members at a high school Wisconsin jazz camp.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ They released their first local musical project in 1998.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ For Emma, Forever Ago is the debut studio album by American indie folk band Bon Iver.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ It was first self-released in July 2007, and later saw wide release on the Jagjaguwar label in February 2008.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ The album is principally the work of singer-songwriter Justin Vernon, who had previously performed in the band DeYarmond Edison.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ After college, the group moved to Raleigh, North Carolina, but broke up in 2006.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ Vernon fell ill with mononucleosis and a liver infection, and grew frustrated with his songwriting and life.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ He left Raleigh and drove an hour northwest of his hometown, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, hoping to be alone.", "Heath Ledger __knowledge__ Heathcliff Andrew Ledger (4 April 197922 January 2008) was an Australian actor and director.", "Heath Ledger __knowledge__ After performing roles in several Australian television and film productions during the 1990s, Ledger left for the United States in 1998 to further develop his film career.", "Heath Ledger __knowledge__ His work comprised nineteen films, including \"10 Things I Hate About You\" (1999), \"The Patriot\" (2000), \"A Knight's Tale\" (2001), \"Monster's Ball\" (2001), \"Lords of Dogtown\" (2005), \"Brokeback Mountain\" (2005), \"The Dark Knight\" (2008), and \"The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus\" (2009), the latter two being posthumous releases.", "Heath Ledger __knowledge__ He also produced and directed music videos and aspired to be a film director." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Bon Iver ( Bone-ee-VARE) is an American indie folk band founded in 2006 by singer-songwriter Justin Vernon.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The name \"Bon Iver\" derives from the French phrase \"bon hiver\" () (\"good winter\"), taken from a greeting on \"Northern Exposure\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Vernon released Bon Iver's debut album, \"For Emma, Forever Ago,\" independently in July 2007.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The majority of that album was recorded while Vernon spent three months isolated in a cabin in northwestern Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The band later won in 2012 the Grammy awards for Best New Artist and Best Alternative Music Album for their album \"Bon Iver, Bon Iver\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ They released their third album \"22, A Million\" to critical acclaim in 2016.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ After the breakup of his band DeYarmond Edison, the ending of a relationship, and a bout with mononucleosis hepatitis, Vernon left Raleigh, North Carolina, and moved back to Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ He spent the oncoming winter months at his father's cabin in Dunn County, Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ According to Vernon, it was during this time that the \"Bon Iver\" moniker first entered his mind; while bedridden with mononucleosis, he began watching the 1990s TV series \"Northern Exposure\" on DVD.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ One episode depicts a group of citizens in Alaska, where the show is set, emerging from their homes into the first snowfall of the winter and wishing one another \"bon hiver\" (, French for \"good winter\").", "Mostarda __knowledge__ Mostarda di frutta (sometime also called only mostarda) is a Northern Italian condiment made of candied fruit and a mustard-flavoured syrup.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ Commercially the essential oil of mustard is employed, which has the advantage of transparency; in home cooking, mustard powder heated in white wine may be used.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ Traditionally \"mostarda\" was served with boiled meats, the \"bollito misto\" which is a speciality of northern Italian cooking.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ More recently it has become a popular accompaniment to cheeses.", "Mostarda __knowledge__ \"Mostarda di Cremona\" or \"mostarda cremonese\" (from Cremona) is made with several kinds of different fruit, and is the version that typifies \"mostarda di frutta\".", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Markus Haris Maulana or Muhammad Haris Maulana (born Markus Horison Ririhina on 14 March 1981 in Pangkalan Brandan, North Sumatra) is an Indonesian footballer who currently plays for Assalam FC in Liga Futebol Amadora.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He is a goalkeeper and he stands 183 cm.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He was the main goalkeeper of the Indonesia national football team.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ His debut in the Senior National Team Squad came in a friendly match Indonesia against Hongkong on 1 June 2007, which Indonesia won the match 3–0.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He played one time in Asian Cup 2007 for Indonesia's match against South Korea on 18 July 2007.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Indonesia lost 0–1 in this game.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ Mustard is a condiment made from the seeds of a mustard plant (white/ yellow mustard, \"Sinapis alba\"; brown/ Indian mustard, \"Brassica juncea\"; or black mustard, \"Brassica nigra\").", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ The whole, ground, cracked, or bruised mustard seeds are mixed with water, vinegar, lemon juice, wine, or other liquids, salt, and often other flavorings and spices, to create a paste or sauce ranging in color from bright yellow to dark brown.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ The taste of mustard ranges from sweet to spicy.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ Commonly paired with meats and cheeses, mustard is also added to sandwiches, hamburgers, corn dogs, and hot dogs.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ It is also used as an ingredient in many dressings, glazes, sauces, soups, and marinades.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ What Price Confidence?", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ (translated as \"Vertrauenssache\") is a chamber opera in nine scenes with music and libretto by Ernst Krenek, his Op.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ 111.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ This \"little drawing room comedy\" is set in London at the turn of the 20th century, and features a protagonist not unlike Max in \"Jonny spielt auf\", as the author points out in a preface; it owes something to Melville as well (specifically \"The Confidence-Man\"), as do his next two operas.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ Composed during the winter of 1944–45 in St. Paul, it was Krenek's second attempt at an American opera and employed only four singers and piano.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ It shared the fate of \"Tarquin\" in only reaching a belated premiere in Germany (Saarbrücken, 23 May 1962), but this time Krenek was sufficiently satisfied with his work to publish it with Bärenreiter (BA 4301), remarking that the Met singers who requested a touring piece simply couldn't find time for a hoped-for performance.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Lombard cuisine __knowledge__ The regional cuisine of Lombardy is heavily based upon ingredients like maize, rice, beef, pork, butter, and lard.", "Lombard cuisine __knowledge__ Despite being a form of Italian cuisine, Lombard food, like other cuisine of Northern Italy, tends to have little in common with Central or Southern Italian dishes, in many cases lacking the presence of tomato and olive oil, being more meat-based and buttery.", "Lombard cuisine __knowledge__ In many aspects, Lombard cuisine has much in common with that of Austria and central Europe in general.", "Lombard cuisine __knowledge__ Similarly to Italian cuisine, Lombard cuisine has much variety and every city and part of the region offers its own specialities.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Bon Iver ( Bone-ee-VARE) is an American indie folk band founded in 2006 by singer-songwriter Justin Vernon.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The name \"Bon Iver\" derives from the French phrase \"bon hiver\" () (\"good winter\"), taken from a greeting on \"Northern Exposure\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Vernon released Bon Iver's debut album, \"For Emma, Forever Ago,\" independently in July 2007.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The majority of that album was recorded while Vernon spent three months isolated in a cabin in northwestern Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The band later won in 2012 the Grammy awards for Best New Artist and Best Alternative Music Album for their album \"Bon Iver, Bon Iver\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ They released their third album \"22, A Million\" to critical acclaim in 2016.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ After the breakup of his band DeYarmond Edison, the ending of a relationship, and a bout with mononucleosis hepatitis, Vernon left Raleigh, North Carolina, and moved back to Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ He spent the oncoming winter months at his father's cabin in Dunn County, Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ According to Vernon, it was during this time that the \"Bon Iver\" moniker first entered his mind; while bedridden with mononucleosis, he began watching the 1990s TV series \"Northern Exposure\" on DVD.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ One episode depicts a group of citizens in Alaska, where the show is set, emerging from their homes into the first snowfall of the winter and wishing one another \"bon hiver\" (, French for \"good winter\").", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ Bon Iver (; also referred to as Bon Iver, Bon Iver) is the second studio album from American indie folk band Bon Iver, released on June 17, 2011.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ The album is composed of 10 songs and was seen as a new musical direction for the band.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ The album was commercially successful, debuting at number one on the Norwegian Albums Chart and the Danish Albums Chart, and number two on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ It sold 104,000 copies in its first week in the United States.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ , the album has sold a total of 629,000 copies in the United States.", "Bon Iver (album) __knowledge__ It received very positive reviews from critics, some of whom named it one of the best albums of 2011.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ \"Lost in the World\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kanye West from his fifth studio album, \"My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy\" (2010).", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ The song features vocals by Justin Vernon of indie folk band Bon Iver, as well as sampling his 2009 song \"Woods\".", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ It also contains portions of \"Soul Makossa\" written by Manu Dibango, and samples of \"Comment No.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ 1\", performed by Gil Scott-Heron.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ It was produced by West and Jeff Bhasker, who wrote the track with Vernon and Malik Jones.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ \"Lost in the World\" was initially leaked on September 29, 2010 and was 6 minutes and 4 seconds long.", "Lost in the World __knowledge__ The version on the album was split up into two parts, with the outro becoming a new track entitled \"Who Will Survive in America\".", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ Eaux Claires, also known as the Eaux Claires Music & Arts Festival, is an annual two-day music and arts festival that takes place in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ The festival was founded in 2015 by Aaron Dessner of The National and Justin Vernon of Bon Iver in order to shine a spotlight on the region and the provide an outlet for musicians of all genres to gather and perform in a space both designed and populated by artists of other mediums.", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ The festival is currently held at Foster Farms in Chippewa County.", "Eaux Claires __knowledge__ Artists that have performed in past years include Bon Iver, The National, Sufjan Stevens, Erykah Badu, Spoon, Blind Boys of Alabama, Sturgill Simpson, Doomtree, Vince Staples, and James Blake.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ Justin DeYarmond Edison Vernon (born April 30, 1981) is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and producer.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ He is best known as the primary songwriter and frontman of indie folk band Bon Iver.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ Vernon is also a member of the bands Volcano Choir, The Shouting Matches and Gayngs, and was a member of the now-defunct band DeYarmond Edison.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ Vernon attended Memorial High School in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, where he still resides today.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ He formed his first band, Mount Vernon, in 1997 after meeting its members at a high school Wisconsin jazz camp.", "Justin Vernon __knowledge__ They released their first local musical project in 1998.", "The Staves __knowledge__ The Staves are an English folk rock trio of sisters Jessica, Camilla and Emily Staveley-Taylor from Watford, Hertfordshire, England.", "The Staves __knowledge__ The Staves began performing together at open-mic nights in Watford hosted by a local pub, The Horns.", "The Staves __knowledge__ Originally performing as The Staveley-Taylors, the trio later changed their name to The Staves.", "The Staves __knowledge__ The group appeared on the Tom Jones album \"Praise and Blame\", released in July 2010.", "The Staves __knowledge__ They supported Mt.", "The Staves __knowledge__ Desolation on their UK tour in autumn 2010.", "The Staves __knowledge__ Jessica Staveley-Taylor also performed as part of Mt.", "The Staves __knowledge__ Desolation and provided vocals for their eponymous album.", "The Staves __knowledge__ The Staves released the \"Live at Cecil Sharp House\" EP and the \"Mexico\" EP in 2011, and appeared on Fionn Regan's third studio album, \"100 Acres of Sycamore\".", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ For Emma, Forever Ago is the debut studio album by American indie folk band Bon Iver.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ It was first self-released in July 2007, and later saw wide release on the Jagjaguwar label in February 2008.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ The album is principally the work of singer-songwriter Justin Vernon, who had previously performed in the band DeYarmond Edison.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ After college, the group moved to Raleigh, North Carolina, but broke up in 2006.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ Vernon fell ill with mononucleosis and a liver infection, and grew frustrated with his songwriting and life.", "For Emma, Forever Ago __knowledge__ He left Raleigh and drove an hour northwest of his hometown, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, hoping to be alone.", "Bon Secour, Alabama __knowledge__ Bon Secour (postal zip code 36511) is an unincorporated community in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States.", "Bon Secour, Alabama __knowledge__ It lies along the eastern coastline of Bon Secour Bay (a contiguous bay that sits along the eastern edge of Mobile Bay).", "Bon Secour, Alabama __knowledge__ Bon Secour is over due east of the Alabama–Mississippi state line, near Gulf Shores, and over west of Pensacola, Florida.", "Bon Secour, Alabama __knowledge__ The name \"\"Bon Secour\"\" derives from the French phrase meaning \"safe harbor\" due to the secluded location on the inside coast of the Fort Morgan peninsula of southern Alabama.", "Bon Secour, Alabama __knowledge__ Bon Secour lies on the Bon Secour River.", "Bon Secour, Alabama __knowledge__ Elevation is above sea level.", "Bon Secour, Alabama __knowledge__ The estuarial river system empties into Bon Secour Bay at Mobile Bay.", "Google __knowledge__ Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.", "Google __knowledge__ Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, California.", "Google __knowledge__ Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock.", "Google __knowledge__ They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998.", "Google __knowledge__ An Initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex.", "A Hat Full of Sky __knowledge__ A Hat Full of Sky is a comic fantasy novel by Terry Pratchett set on the Discworld, written with younger readers in mind.", "A Hat Full of Sky __knowledge__ It is labelled a \"Story of Discworld\" to indicate its status as children's or young adult fiction, unlike most of the books in the \"Discworld\" series.", "A Hat Full of Sky __knowledge__ First published in 2004, it is set two years after \"The Wee Free Men\", and features an 11-year-old Tiffany Aching.", "A Hat Full of Sky __knowledge__ The book is also a sequel to the \"Discworld\" short story \"The Sea and Little Fishes\", which introduced the Witch Trials and Mrs Earwig.", "A Hat Full of Sky __knowledge__ It is followed by \"Wintersmith\".", "A Hat Full of Sky __knowledge__ \"A Hat Full of Sky\" by Terry Pratchett is a fantasy novel about a girl who is learning her place as a witch.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google frequently inserts jokes and hoaxes into its products on April Fools' Day, which takes place on April 1.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google's first April Fools' Day hoax, the Mental flex hoax, invited users to project a mental image of what they wanted to find whilst staring at an animated GIF.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Several humorous error messages were then displayed on the search results page, all listed below: An additional error message was included which converted all navigation text to German, but was scrapped after user complaints.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google reveals the technology behind its PageRank Systems—PigeonRank.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google touts the benefits of this cost-effective and efficient means of ranking pages and reassures readers that there is no animal cruelty involved in the process.", "Hiver (software) __knowledge__ Hiver is a collaboration software product developed by GrexIt, Inc., notable for its market presence in the field of email-based collaboration.", "Hiver (software) __knowledge__ The software was previously known as GrexIt, but in September 2015, it changed its name to Hiver to avoid a naming conflict with the term Grexit being used to refer to the probable exit of Greece from the Eurozone.", "Hiver (software) __knowledge__ The firm, however, retains GrexIt, Inc. for its legal name.", "Hiver (software) __knowledge__ Hiver is a software as a service application that helps organizations collaborate from their email inboxes.", "Hiver (software) __knowledge__ It allows teams to share email conversations and work together on sales, support, hiring, project management and operations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Bon Iver ( Bone-ee-VARE) is an American indie folk band founded in 2006 by singer-songwriter Justin Vernon.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The name \"Bon Iver\" derives from the French phrase \"bon hiver\" () (\"good winter\"), taken from a greeting on \"Northern Exposure\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ Vernon released Bon Iver's debut album, \"For Emma, Forever Ago,\" independently in July 2007.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The majority of that album was recorded while Vernon spent three months isolated in a cabin in northwestern Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ The band later won in 2012 the Grammy awards for Best New Artist and Best Alternative Music Album for their album \"Bon Iver, Bon Iver\".", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ They released their third album \"22, A Million\" to critical acclaim in 2016.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ After the breakup of his band DeYarmond Edison, the ending of a relationship, and a bout with mononucleosis hepatitis, Vernon left Raleigh, North Carolina, and moved back to Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ He spent the oncoming winter months at his father's cabin in Dunn County, Wisconsin.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ According to Vernon, it was during this time that the \"Bon Iver\" moniker first entered his mind; while bedridden with mononucleosis, he began watching the 1990s TV series \"Northern Exposure\" on DVD.", "Bon Iver __knowledge__ One episode depicts a group of citizens in Alaska, where the show is set, emerging from their homes into the first snowfall of the winter and wishing one another \"bon hiver\" (, French for \"good winter\").", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Thomas Todd Manning is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"One Life to Live\" (\"OLTL\").", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Created by writer Michael Malone, the role was originated in 1992 by actor Roger Howarth.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Todd was a college student and fraternity brother to Kevin Buchanan, Zach Rosen, and Powell Lord.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ In 1993, following a storyline in which he becomes acquainted with Marty Saybrooke, he initiates a gang rape on her with the help of Zach and Powell.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ The storyline was considered groundbreaking by television critics.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Its main players—Howarth, Susan Haskell (Marty), and Hillary B. Smith (Todd's lawyer Nora Hanen)—won Emmys in 1994, as did Malone and his writing team.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ \"Daredevil\" is an American web television series created for Netflix by Drew Goddard, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise, and is the first in a series of shows that will lead up to a Defenders crossover miniseries.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ The series stars Charlie Cox as Matt Murdock / Daredevil, as well as Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Rosario Dawson, and Vincent D'Onofrio.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ Toby Leonard Moore, Vondie Curtis-Hall, Bob Gunton, and Ayelet Zurer join them for the first season, while Jon Bernthal, Élodie Yung, and Stephen Rider join them for the second.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Robert Paul \"Tad\" Williams (born 14 March 1957 in San Jose, California) is an American fantasy and science fiction writer.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He is the author of the multivolume \"Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn\" series, \"Otherland\" series, and \"Shadowmarch\" series as well as the standalone novels \"Tailchaser's Song\" and \"The War of the Flowers\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Most recently, Williams published \"The Bobby Dollar\" series.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Cumulatively, over 17 million copies of Williams's works have been sold.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Williams's work in comics includes a six issue mini-series for DC Comics called \"The Next\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He also wrote \"\" issue #50 to #57.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Other comic work includes \"Mirrorworld: Rain\" and \"The Helmet of Fate: Ibis the Invincible #1\" (DC).", "Google Translate __knowledge__ Google Translate is a free multilingual machine translation service developed by Google, to translate text from one language into another.", "Google Translate __knowledge__ It offers a website interface, mobile apps for Android and iOS, and an API that helps developers build browser extensions and software applications.", "Google Translate __knowledge__ Google Translate supports over 100 languages at various levels and as of May 2017, serves over 500 million people daily.", "Google Translate __knowledge__ Launched in April 2006 as a statistical machine translation service, it used United Nations and European Parliament transcripts to gather linguistic data.", "Google Translate __knowledge__ Rather than translating languages directly, it first translates text to English and then to the target language.", "Google Neural Machine Translation __knowledge__ Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) is a neural machine translation (NMT) system developed by Google and introduced in November 2016, that uses an artificial neural network to increase fluency and accuracy in Google Translate.", "Google Neural Machine Translation __knowledge__ GNMT improves on the quality of translation by applying an example based (EBMT) machine translation method in which the system \"learns from millions of examples\".", "Google Neural Machine Translation __knowledge__ GNMT's proposed architecture of system learning was first tested on over a hundred languages supported by Google Translate.", "Google Neural Machine Translation __knowledge__ With the large end-to-end framework, the system learns over time to create better, more natural translations.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google frequently inserts jokes and hoaxes into its products on April Fools' Day, which takes place on April 1.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google's first April Fools' Day hoax, the Mental flex hoax, invited users to project a mental image of what they wanted to find whilst staring at an animated GIF.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Several humorous error messages were then displayed on the search results page, all listed below: An additional error message was included which converted all navigation text to German, but was scrapped after user complaints.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google reveals the technology behind its PageRank Systems—PigeonRank.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google touts the benefits of this cost-effective and efficient means of ranking pages and reassures readers that there is no animal cruelty involved in the process.", "Google __knowledge__ Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.", "Google __knowledge__ Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, California.", "Google __knowledge__ Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock.", "Google __knowledge__ They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998.", "Google __knowledge__ An Initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex.", "Google Brain __knowledge__ Google Brain is a deep learning artificial intelligence research project at Google.", "Google Brain __knowledge__ It combines open-ended machine learning research with system engineering and Google-scale computing resources.", "Google Brain __knowledge__ Google Brain's mission is to improve people's lives by making machines smarter.", "Google Brain __knowledge__ To do this, the team focuses on constructing models with high degrees of flexibility that are capable of learning their own features, and use data and computation efficiently.", "Google Brain __knowledge__ As the Google Brain Team describes \"This approach fits into the broader Deep Learning subfield of ML and ensures our work will ultimately make a difference for problems of practical importance.", "Google Translator Toolkit __knowledge__ Google Translator Toolkit is a web application designed to allow translators to edit the translations that Google Translate automatically generates.", "Google Translator Toolkit __knowledge__ With the Google Translator Toolkit, translators can organize their work and use shared translations, glossaries and translation memories.", "Google Translator Toolkit __knowledge__ They can upload and translate Microsoft Word documents, OpenDocument, RTF, HTML, text, and Wikipedia articles.", "Google Translator Toolkit __knowledge__ Google Translator Toolkit is supported by Google Translate, a web-based translation service.", "Google Translator Toolkit __knowledge__ Google Translator Toolkit can be configured to automatically pre-translate uploaded documents using Google Translate.", "Hypoxic air technology for fire prevention __knowledge__ Hypoxic air technology for fire prevention, also known as oxygen reduction system, is an active fire protection technique based on a permanent reduction of the oxygen concentration in the protected rooms.", "Hypoxic air technology for fire prevention __knowledge__ Unlike traditional fire suppression systems that usually extinguish fire after it is detected, hypoxic air is able to prevent fire.", "Hypoxic air technology for fire prevention __knowledge__ In a volume protected by hypoxic air, a normobaric hypoxic atmosphere is continuously retained: hypoxic means that the partial pressure of the oxygen is lower than at the sea level, normobaric means that the barometric pressure is equal to the barometric pressure at the sea level." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "I don't know much about them either, but my friend tells me they are a folk band? Wonder where the name comes from.", "According to google, the name comes from the french phrase \"bon hiver\". What does that mean?", "Google translate is really helping out here. It means \"good winter\"", "They play folk music. Has your friend told you about their albums?" ]

[ "Bon Iver", "Bon Iver", "Bon Iver", "Bon Iver" ]

[ "George Foreman Grill", "Yes! I love my George Foreman grill. It is great for healthy cooking.", "I've owned several of them over the years and it has been a great investment." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The George Foreman Lean Mean Fat-Reducing Grilling Machine, commonly known as the George Foreman Grill, is an indoor, electrically heated grill manufactured by Spectrum Brands.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ It is promoted by former boxing champion George Foreman.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Since its introduction in 1994, over 100 million George Foreman grills have been sold worldwide.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The concept for the grill was created by Michael Boehm of Batavia, Illinois.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The original intention was to create an indoor grill that would provide a unique benefit of cooking on both sides at once A second key benefit was to reduce the fat content of hamburgers and other meats by draining away the fat into a separate reservoir.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Michael Boehm designed the product with a floating hinge and slanted grilling surface to accommodate foods of different thicknesses and drain fat away from the food.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Engineering work was done by Bob Johnson.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The grill had been promoted at industry trade shows in the early 1990s, but received little interest.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The slanted grill concept was pitched by Tsann Kuen to Salton Inc. Salton sent samples of the grill to George Foreman's colleagues who then sent the grill to Foreman to test out.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Boehm was not involved in teaming up the grill and Foreman." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The George Foreman Lean Mean Fat-Reducing Grilling Machine, commonly known as the George Foreman Grill, is an indoor, electrically heated grill manufactured by Spectrum Brands.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ It is promoted by former boxing champion George Foreman.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Since its introduction in 1994, over 100 million George Foreman grills have been sold worldwide.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The concept for the grill was created by Michael Boehm of Batavia, Illinois.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The original intention was to create an indoor grill that would provide a unique benefit of cooking on both sides at once A second key benefit was to reduce the fat content of hamburgers and other meats by draining away the fat into a separate reservoir.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Michael Boehm designed the product with a floating hinge and slanted grilling surface to accommodate foods of different thicknesses and drain fat away from the food.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Engineering work was done by Bob Johnson.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The grill had been promoted at industry trade shows in the early 1990s, but received little interest.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The slanted grill concept was pitched by Tsann Kuen to Salton Inc. Salton sent samples of the grill to George Foreman's colleagues who then sent the grill to Foreman to test out.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Boehm was not involved in teaming up the grill and Foreman.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ George Edward Foreman (born January 10, 1949) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1969 to 1977, and from 1987 to 1997.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Big George\", he is a two-time world heavyweight champion and an Olympic gold medalist.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Outside the sport he is an ordained minister, author, and entrepreneur.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ After a troubled childhood Foreman took up amateur boxing and won a gold medal in the heavyweight division at the 1968 Summer Olympics.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Having turned professional the next year, he won the world heavyweight title with a second-round knockout of then-undefeated Joe Frazier in 1973.", "George Foreman __knowledge__ Two successful title defenses were made before Foreman's first professional loss to Muhammad Ali in \"The Rumble in the Jungle\" in 1974.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling is a form of cooking that involves dry heat applied to the surface of food, commonly from above or below.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Grilling usually involves a significant amount of direct, radiant heat, and tends to be used for cooking meat and vegetables quickly.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Food to be grilled is cooked on a grill (an open wire grid such as a gridiron with a heat source above or below), a grill pan (similar to a frying pan, but with raised ridges to mimic the wires of an open grill), or griddle (a flat plate heated from below).", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer to the food when using a grill is primarily through thermal radiation.", "Grilling __knowledge__ Heat transfer when using a grill pan or griddle is by direct conduction.", "The Injury __knowledge__ \"The Injury\" is the twelfth episode of the second season of the American comedy television series \"The Office\", and the show's eighteenth episode overall.", "The Injury __knowledge__ The episode was written by Mindy Kaling, who also acts in the show as Kelly Kapoor, and directed by Bryan Gordon.", "The Injury __knowledge__ \"The Injury\" episode first aired in the United States on January 12, 2006 on NBC.", "The Injury __knowledge__ The episode guest starred Marcus York as Billy Merchant.", "The Injury __knowledge__ The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company.", "The Injury __knowledge__ In the episode, Michael Scott (Steve Carell) accidentally burns his foot on his George Foreman Grill, but insists on coming to work anyway.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman, billed as \"One for the Ages\", was a professional boxing match contested on November 5, 1994 for the WBA, IBF and Lineal Heavyweight championships.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ On April 22, 1994, Moorer defeated Evander Holyfield by decision to wrest the title, which Holyfield had regained from Riddick Bowe in his previous bout, from the two-time champion.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ Foreman, at 45, had been on the comeback trail for several years after choosing to end his ten-plus year retirement.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ He had received a shot at Holyfield's undisputed world championship in 1991 but was defeated.", "Michael Moorer vs. George Foreman __knowledge__ Foreman also had not fought since being defeated by Tommy Morrison for the then-fringe World Boxing Organization championship.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ He is widely regarded as one of the most significant and celebrated sports figures of the 20th century.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ From early in his career, Ali was known as an inspiring, controversial, and polarizing figure both inside and outside the ring.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ Cassius Clay was born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, and began training as an amateur boxer when he was 12 years old.", "Muhammad Ali __knowledge__ At age 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome and turned professional later that year.", "Rick Cesari __knowledge__ Rick Cesari has been responsible for many successful infomercial campaigns.", "Rick Cesari __knowledge__ Under his direction, his agency, Cesari Media produced campaigns for OxiClean, George Foreman Grill, Sonicare, Rug Doctor, Eagle One, and for his own company, the Juiceman Juicer.", "Rick Cesari __knowledge__ Rick Cesari, along with his older brother Steve and six siblings, was raised in suburban Westchester County, New York, United States.", "Rick Cesari __knowledge__ After school and on weekends, he was expected to work in his father's grocery store.", "Rick Cesari __knowledge__ Cesari earned a pre-medical degree before moving to the western United States to join a direct mail marketing partnership.", "Rick Cesari __knowledge__ In 1989, Cesari and his brother Steve took out a home-equity loan on their mother's house to raise money to open their own business.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The George Foreman Lean Mean Fat-Reducing Grilling Machine, commonly known as the George Foreman Grill, is an indoor, electrically heated grill manufactured by Spectrum Brands.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ It is promoted by former boxing champion George Foreman.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Since its introduction in 1994, over 100 million George Foreman grills have been sold worldwide.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The concept for the grill was created by Michael Boehm of Batavia, Illinois.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The original intention was to create an indoor grill that would provide a unique benefit of cooking on both sides at once A second key benefit was to reduce the fat content of hamburgers and other meats by draining away the fat into a separate reservoir.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Michael Boehm designed the product with a floating hinge and slanted grilling surface to accommodate foods of different thicknesses and drain fat away from the food.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Engineering work was done by Bob Johnson.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The grill had been promoted at industry trade shows in the early 1990s, but received little interest.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ The slanted grill concept was pitched by Tsann Kuen to Salton Inc. Salton sent samples of the grill to George Foreman's colleagues who then sent the grill to Foreman to test out.", "George Foreman Grill __knowledge__ Boehm was not involved in teaming up the grill and Foreman.", "Gary Smith (economist) __knowledge__ Gary Nance Smith (born 1945) is the Fletcher Jones Professor of Economics at Pomona College.", "Gary Smith (economist) __knowledge__ He has conducted research and written textbooks and popular books on financial markets and statistical reasoning.", "Gary Smith (economist) __knowledge__ His articles in peer-reviewed journals on subjects such as stock market anomalies, statistical fallacies, and the misuse of data have been widely cited.", "Gary Smith (economist) __knowledge__ Smith earned his B. S. in mathematics from Harvey Mudd College and enrolled in Yale University’s graduate economics program.", "Gary Smith (economist) __knowledge__ After taking classes from James Tobin and William Brainard, he decided to focus on macroeconomics.", "Gary Smith (economist) __knowledge__ He earned his Ph.D. in economics from Yale in 1971 and was hired as an assistant professor.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Warren Edward Buffett (; born August 30, 1930) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Buffett serves as the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ He is considered one of the most successful investors in the world, and as of January 2018, has a net worth of $91.6 billion, making him the third wealthiest person in the United States and in the world.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Born in Omaha, Buffett developed an interest in business and investing in his youth, eventually entering the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1947, before transferring and graduating from University of Nebraska–Lincoln at the age of 19.", "Investment in Azerbaijan __knowledge__ The overall investment climate in Azerbaijan continues to grow despite of significant challenges remain.", "Investment in Azerbaijan __knowledge__ Over the recent years, the country has made efforts to integrate more fully into the global marketplace and attract foreign investment.", "Investment in Azerbaijan __knowledge__ Several foreign companies and entrepreneurs came to the Caucasus in the late 19th century.", "Investment in Azerbaijan __knowledge__ They saw the opportunities and resource extraction.", "Investment in Azerbaijan __knowledge__ Investment of foreign, especially, western companies in Azerbaijan began from the late 19th century.", "Investment in Azerbaijan __knowledge__ The Siemens brothers came across the copper mine in Gedabey at almost the same time as the Nobel brothers got involved in the oil industry in Baku.", "Land banking __knowledge__ Land banking is the practice of aggregating parcels of land for future sale or development.", "Land banking __knowledge__ While in many countries \"land banking\" may refer to various private real-estate investment schemes, in the United States it refers to the establishment of quasi-governmental county or municipal authorities purposed with managing an inventory of surplus land.", "Land banking __knowledge__ Land banks are quasi-governmental entities created by counties or municipalities to effectively manage and repurpose an inventory of underused, abandoned, or foreclosed property.", "Land banking __knowledge__ They are often chartered to have powers that allow them to accomplish these goals in ways that existing government agencies can not.", "Benjamin Adegbuyi __knowledge__ Benjamin Adekunle Miron Adegbuyi (born January 24, 1985) is a Romanian kickboxer fighting in the heavyweight division.", "Benjamin Adegbuyi __knowledge__ As of 1 October 2017, he is #1 contender in the world in official GLORY heavyweight rankings and CombatPress.com rank Adegbuyi as the #2 heavyweight in the world after Rico Verhoeven.", "Benjamin Adegbuyi __knowledge__ He previously fought for K-1 and SUPERKOMBAT.", "Benjamin Adegbuyi __knowledge__ Adegbuyi was born in Cluj-Napoca to a Romanian mother and Nigerian father.", "Benjamin Adegbuyi __knowledge__ When he was 3 years old, he moved to Lagos, Nigeria with his family.", "Benjamin Adegbuyi __knowledge__ At 8 years old, he returned to Romania with his mother and newborn sister spending his childhood in Aiud, a small town of Transylvania.", "Taxicabs of the United States __knowledge__ The taxicabs of the United States make up a mature system; most U.S. cities have a licensing scheme which restricts the number of taxicabs allowed.", "Taxicabs of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2012, in the United States: the total number of taxi cab drivers is 233,900; the average annual salary of a taxi cab driver is $22,820; the expected percent job increase over the next 10 years is 16%.", "Taxicabs of the United States __knowledge__ Some cities use \"taxi medallions\" as permits for taxicab drivers to pick up passengers.", "Taxicabs of the United States __knowledge__ Because the medallion system is a government-created intentional constraint on the supply of taxicabs, and historically cities have increased the number of medallions much more slowly than the growth in demand for taxis, medallions have generally been considered a great investment; though recently the increase in supply of cars for hire created by real-time ridesharing companies has been eroding the value of medallions.", "Medical research __knowledge__ Biomedical research (or experimental medicine) encompasses a wide array of research from \"basic research\" (also called \"bench science\" or \"bench research\"), involving the explanation of more fundamental scientific principles, to clinical research, which is distinguished by the involvement of patients.", "Medical research __knowledge__ Within this spectrum is applied research, or translational research conducted to aid and support the development of knowledge in the field of medicine, and pre-clinical research, for example involving animals.", "Medical research __knowledge__ Both clinical and pre-clinical research phases exist in the pharmaceutical industry's drug development pipelines, where the clinical phase is denoted by the term clinical trial.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, producer, and model.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Guinness World Records\" cited her as the most awarded female act of all time.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston is one of the best-selling music artists of all-time, with 200 million records sold worldwide.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum, or gold certification.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for \"How Will I Know\", influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ The history of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) spans a little more than a century, but most of the significant commercial developments have taken place after 2002.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ The revival of interest in this automotive technology together with all-electric cars is due to advances in battery and power management technologies, and concerns about increasingly volatile oil prices and supply disruption, and also the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ Between 2003 and 2010 most PHEVs on the roads were conversions of production hybrid electric vehicles, and the most prominent PHEVs were aftermarket conversions of 2004 or later Toyota Prius, which have had plug-in charging and more lead-acid batteries added and their electric-only range extended.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ Robyn Rihanna Fenty (; February 20, 1988) is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ Born in Saint Michael, Barbados and raised in Bridgetown, during 2003 she recorded demo tapes under the direction of record producer Evan Rogers and signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president, hip hop producer and rapper Jay Z.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ In 2005, Rihanna rose to fame with the release of her debut studio album \"Music of the Sun\" and its follow-up \"A Girl like Me\" (2006), which charted on the top 10 of the US \"Billboard\" 200 and respectively produced the singles \"Pon de Replay\" and \"SOS\"." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5 ]

[ "Have you tried using a George Foreman Grill? It's an indoor, electric grill that reduces fat in cooked meat.", "It's really popular! Over 100 million have been sold worldwide.", "When it was originally created, the intention was to make a grill that cooked on both sides, the fat reduction was a secondary benefit!" ]

[ "George Foreman Grill", "George Foreman Grill", "George Foreman Grill" ]

[ "Cruise ship\nI really adore cruise ships they are so nice. Have you been on one lately?", "Yes they absolutely do lol. I am not really a water person but I think a cruise would be really nice. ", "Oooh that is nice! I have been looking at cruise ships for a while the one that really stands out is the Norwegian Escape", "Yes I was looking at the destinations and I think Bahamas, Bermuda, Canada, Honduras would be really nice", "really" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The environmental impact of shipping includes greenhouse gas emissions, acoustic, and oil pollution.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimates that Carbon dioxide emissions from shipping were equal to 2.2% of the global human-made emissions in 2012 and expects them to rise 50 to 250 percent by 2050 if no action is taken.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The First Intersessional Meeting of the IMO Working Group on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships took place in Oslo, Norway on 23–27 June 2008.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ It was tasked with developing the technical basis for the reduction mechanisms that may form part of a future IMO regime to control greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, and a draft of the actual reduction mechanisms themselves, for further consideration by IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC).", "Venice __knowledge__ Venice ( ; , ; , ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.", "Venice __knowledge__ It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by bridges, of which there are 400.", "Venice __knowledge__ The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers.", "Venice __knowledge__ Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork.", "Venice __knowledge__ The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a World Heritage Site.", "Venice __knowledge__ In 2014, 264,579 people resided in \"Comune di Venezia\", of whom around 55,000 live in the historic city of Venice (\"Centro storico\").", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ Port Everglades is a seaport in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, located in Broward County.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ Port Everglades is one of South Florida's foremost economic centers, as it is the gateway for both international trade and cruise vacations.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ In 2015, Port Everglades was ranked the third busiest cruise port in the world, accommodating 3.4 million passengers.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ It was also the busiest container port in Florida and 10th busiest in the United States, moving more than 1 million TEUs in 2013.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ The port is also South Florida's main seaport for importing petroleum products including gasoline, jet fuel, and alternative fuels.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ A passenger ship is a merchant ship whose primary function is to carry passengers on the sea.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The category does not include cargo vessels which have accommodations for limited numbers of passengers, such as the ubiquitous twelve-passenger freighters once common on the seas in which the transport of passengers is secondary to the carriage of freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The type does however include many classes of ships designed to transport substantial numbers of passengers as well as freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ Indeed, until recently virtually all ocean liners were able to transport mail, package freight and express, and other cargo in addition to passenger luggage, and were equipped with cargo holds and derricks, kingposts, or other cargo-handling gear for that purpose.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International is a cruise line brand founded in Norway and based in Miami, Florida, United States.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ It is owned by Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. , the line is operating 24 ships, has six additional ships on order, and controls 21.9 percent of the cruise market worldwide.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ All ships under the Royal Caribbean International brand have names ending with \"of the Seas\" (e.g. )", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ a practice which began in 1991.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International was founded as Royal Caribbean Cruise Line in 1968 by three Norwegian shipping companies: Anders Wilhelmsen & Company, I.M.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Skaugen & Company, and Gotaas Larsen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Pazhassi Raja __knowledge__ Pazhassi Raja (3 January 1753-30 November 1805) was born as Kerala Varma and was also known as Cotiote Rajah and Pychy Rajah.", "Pazhassi Raja __knowledge__ He was one of the earliest freedom fighters in India.", "Pazhassi Raja __knowledge__ He was a warrior prince and de facto head of the kingdom of Kottayam, otherwise known as Cotiote, in Malabar, India, between 1774 and 1805.", "Pazhassi Raja __knowledge__ His struggles with the British East India Company is known as the Cotiote War.", "Pazhassi Raja __knowledge__ He is popularly known as Kerala Simham (Lion of Kerala) on account of his martial exploits.He was the only person to defeat Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington in a war.", "Pazhassi Raja __knowledge__ Pazhassi Raja was a member of the western branch of the Kottayam royal clan.", "Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (film) __knowledge__ Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja is a 2009 Indian Malayalam-language epic historical drama film based on the life of Pazhassi Raja, a Hindu king who fought against the British in the 18th century.", "Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Hariharan, written by M. T. Vasudevan Nair and produced by Gokulam Gopalan.", "Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (film) __knowledge__ It stars an ensemble cast consisting of Mammootty, Manoj K. Jayan, Kanika Subramaniam, Sarath Kumar, Padmapriya, Thilakan, Peter Handley Evans, Harry Key, Linda Arsenio and Jagathi Sreekumar.", "Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (film) __knowledge__ The music score and soundtrack were created by Ilaiyaraaja, while its sound design is by Resul Pookutty.", "Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja (film) __knowledge__ The political situation of the time is portrayed from an Indian viewpoint in the film, and the locals are treated sympathetically.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Sarah Louise Platt (also Tilsley and Grimshaw) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\".", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was born on-screen during the episode broadcast on 2 February 1987.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was played by Leah King in 1987 and by Lynsay King from 1987 until 8 October 1999 when King opted to leave to focus on her education.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Tina O'Brien took over the role on 31 October 1999; she opted to leave in 2007 and made her final on-screen appearance on 30 December 2007.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ A number of false rumours about O'Brien returning to the role surfaced during her absence from the serial.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ In October 2014, it was announced that O'Brien was going to reprise the role, she returned to filming in February 2015 and returned on screen on 30 March 2015.", "Mattanur __knowledge__ Mattanur, also spelt Mattannur, is one of the major town, Municipality and an Aerotropolis in the Kannur district, state of Kerala, India.", "Mattanur __knowledge__ Mattanur is around 25 km east of Kannur town and Thalassery.", "Mattanur __knowledge__ Pin code of Mattanur is 670702 Mattannur lies between Kannur, Thalassery and Iritty.", "Mattanur __knowledge__ It is the intersection where Thalassery-Coorg highway (Popularly known as TC Road) meets Kannur-Mattanur road and forms Kannur-Mattanur-Coorg highway.The inter-state buses ply between Bangalore and Thalassery, Kannur passes through Mattanur.", "Mattanur __knowledge__ It is an important hub connecting Kodagu and Kannur.", "Mattanur __knowledge__ Mattannur has many attractions.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Pazhassi Raja (1964 film) __knowledge__ Pazhassi Raja is a 1964 Malayalam biographical film directed and produced by Kunchako.", "Pazhassi Raja (1964 film) __knowledge__ It is written by well known playwright Thikkodiyan and is based on the life of warrior king Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja.", "Pazhassi Raja (1964 film) __knowledge__ It stars Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair in the title role, and Prem Nazir, Sathyan, Satyapal, S. P. Pillai, Rajashree and Pankajavalli in other important roles.", "Pazhassi Raja (1964 film) __knowledge__ \"Pazhassi Raja\" is the second historical film in Malayalam, the first one was \"Veluthamby Dalava\" (1962) by the same director.", "Pazhassi Raja (1964 film) __knowledge__ \"Pazhassi Raja\" was completely filmed from Kunchako's Udaya Studios, which resulted in the lack of technical perfection and eventually lead to the commercial failure of the film.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ The SS \"France\" was a Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT, or French Line) ocean liner, constructed by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard at Saint-Nazaire, France, and put into service in February 1962.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ At the time of her construction in 1960, the vessel was the longest passenger ship ever built, a record that remained unchallenged until the construction of the in 2004.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ \"France\" was later purchased by Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) in 1979, renamed SS \"Norway\" and underwent significant modifications that better suited her for cruising duties.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ She was sold to be scrapped in 2006, and scrapping was completed in late 2008.", "Carnival Splendor __knowledge__ Carnival Splendor is the sole ship of the \"Splendor\" class, a smaller, modified version of the Concordia-class cruise ship, operated by Costa.", "Carnival Splendor __knowledge__ She entered service on 2 July 2008.", "Carnival Splendor __knowledge__ At , she was the largest ship in Carnival Cruise Line until \"Carnival Dream\" debuted in September 2009.", "Carnival Splendor __knowledge__ There are currently no plans to build another ship like her.", "Carnival Splendor __knowledge__ The Carnival \"Splendor\" is widely known for the November 2010 incident in which a fire started in the engine room, shutting down all electrical power to the ship.", "Carnival Splendor __knowledge__ The ship was originally designed and ordered for Costa Cruises and is similar in design to \"Costa Serena\", \"Costa Pacifica\", \"Costa Favolosa\", \"Costa Concordia\", and the \"Costa Fascinosa\" with a larger spa and children's facilities.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Cruising is a social activity that primarily consists of driving a car.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Cruising can be an expression of the freedom of possessing a driver's license.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Cruising is distinguished from regular driving by the social and recreational nature of the activity, which is characterized by an impulsively random, often aimless course.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ A popular route (or \"strip\") is often the focus of cruising.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ \"Cruise nights\" are evenings during which cars drive slowly.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Another common form is a \"Booze Cruise\": this is where a group of people go out 'cruising' and drinking.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ A cruise can be a meeting of car enthusiasts at a predetermined location, organised predominantly through the internet (in recent times) but also largely through mobile phone, word of mouth or simply by a cruise being established enough that it becomes a regular event.", "MV Celestyal Nefeli __knowledge__ MV Gemini is a cruise ship operated by Cruise Management International.", "MV Celestyal Nefeli __knowledge__ She was built in 1992 by Union Navale de Levante, Valencia, Spain for Crown Cruise Line as Crown Jewel.", "MV Celestyal Nefeli __knowledge__ She has also sailed under the name Cunard Crown Jewel.", "MV Celestyal Nefeli __knowledge__ She also operated as \"SuperStar Gemini\" for Star Cruises from 1995 to 2008.", "MV Celestyal Nefeli __knowledge__ The \"Crown Jewel\" was built in 1992 for Crown Cruise Line (a subsidiary of EffJohn), and which was itself the merger of Finland Steamship Company and Johnson Line.", "MV Celestyal Nefeli __knowledge__ The vessel Crown Jewel/Gemini is the largest cruise ship ever built in Spain.", "MV Celestyal Nefeli __knowledge__ Crown Cruise Line used the ship for cruises from the United States to Canada, Bermuda and the Caribbean.", "Costa Concordia disaster __knowledge__ The Italian cruise ship Costa Concordia capsized and sank after striking an underwater rock off Isola del Giglio, Tuscany, on 13 January 2012, resulting in 32 deaths.", "Costa Concordia disaster __knowledge__ There may have been additional people not listed as on board, so the death toll could possibly be higher.", "Costa Concordia disaster __knowledge__ The search for bodies was canceled at the end of January and resumed after the parbuckling manoeuvre in September 2013, after which additional remains were found.", "Costa Concordia disaster __knowledge__ On 26 September 2013, remains were found on deck 4, and were reported as being the two passengers reported as missing.", "Costa Concordia disaster __knowledge__ The following day, the remains were found not to be from the missing passengers.", "Dan Tucker (lawman) __knowledge__ Dan Tucker, better known as \"Dangerous Dan\" Tucker, (1849 – unknown), is a little-known lawman and gunfighter of the Old West.", "Dan Tucker (lawman) __knowledge__ Author Bob Alexander, who wrote the biography \"Dangerous Dan\" Tucker, New Mexico's Deadly Lawman\", proclaimed Tucker was more dangerous and more effective than better known lawmen, including Wild Bill Hickock and Wyatt Earp.", "Dan Tucker (lawman) __knowledge__ He was supported in this claim by historian Leon C. Metz.", "Dan Tucker (lawman) __knowledge__ He was also a subject in the book \"Deadly Dozen\", by author Robert K. DeArment, who included Tucker as one of the twelve most underrated gunmen of the Old West.", "Dan Tucker (lawman) __knowledge__ Tucker first ventured into New Mexico Territory in the early 1870s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "Norwegian Escape __knowledge__ Norwegian Escape is a cruise ship for Norwegian Cruise Line, in service since October 2015.", "Norwegian Escape __knowledge__ It was built by Meyer Werft in Papenburg, Germany in just 17 months.", "Norwegian Escape __knowledge__ \"Norwegian Escape\" is a \"Breakaway Plus\"-class cruise ship, which also includes \"Norwegian Joy\" and \"Norwegian Bliss\".", "Norwegian Escape __knowledge__ The \"Breakaway Plus\" class are being built by Meyer Werft in Papenburg, Germany, for Norwegian Cruise Line.", "Norwegian Escape __knowledge__ The vessel entered service in October 2015, where it completed a series of short preview sailings from Hamburg, Germany and Southampton, UK.", "Norwegian Escape __knowledge__ The 164,600 GT ship departed Southampton on 29 October 2015 on her transatlantic crossing to Miami, where the ship will be based year-round offering seven-night Caribbean cruises.", "Norwegian Cruise Line __knowledge__ Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. is an American-Bermudian company operating cruise ships, headquartered in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida.", "Norwegian Cruise Line __knowledge__ It began operations in 1966 under the name Norwegian Caribbean Line.", "Norwegian Cruise Line __knowledge__ The company is best known for its Freestyle Cruising concept, which means that there are no set times or seating arrangements for meals, nor is formal attire required.", "Norwegian Cruise Line __knowledge__ Norwegian is a publicly traded company listed on NASDAQ, with major shareholders including Apollo Global Management (15.8%), Genting Group (11.1%), and TPG Capital (2.3%) .", "Norwegian Cruise Line __knowledge__ Norwegian Cruise Line controls approximately 8% of the total worldwide share of the cruise market.", "Hydnellum __knowledge__ Hydnellum is a genus of tooth fungi in the family Bankeraceae (order Thelephorales).", "Hydnellum __knowledge__ Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, the genus contains around 40 species.", "Hydnellum __knowledge__ The fruitbodies of its members grow by slowly enveloping nearby bits of grass and vegetation.", "Hydnellum __knowledge__ There is great variability in the form of \"Hydnellum\" fruitbodies, which are greatly influenced by environmental conditions such as rainfall and humidity, drying winds, and temperature.", "Hydnellum __knowledge__ They are too tough and woody to eat comfortably.", "Hydnellum __knowledge__ Several species have become the focus of increasing conservation concern following widespread declines in abundance.", "Venice __knowledge__ Venice ( ; , ; , ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.", "Venice __knowledge__ It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by bridges, of which there are 400.", "Venice __knowledge__ The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers.", "Venice __knowledge__ Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork.", "Venice __knowledge__ The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a World Heritage Site.", "Venice __knowledge__ In 2014, 264,579 people resided in \"Comune di Venezia\", of whom around 55,000 live in the historic city of Venice (\"Centro storico\").", "PortMiami __knowledge__ Port of Miami, formally the Dante B. Fascell Port of Miami, is a major seaport located in Biscayne Bay in Miami, Florida.", "PortMiami __knowledge__ It is the largest passenger port in the world, and one of the largest cargo ports in the United States.", "PortMiami __knowledge__ It is connected to Downtown Miami by Port Boulevard—a causeway over the Intracoastal Waterway—and to the neighboring Watson Island via the Port of Miami Tunnel.", "PortMiami __knowledge__ The port is located on Dodge Island, which is the combination of three historic islands (Dodge, Lummus and Sam's Islands) that have since been combined into one.", "PortMiami __knowledge__ It is named in honor of 19 term Florida Congressman Dante Fascell.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Escape from Scorpion Island is a Bafta nominated BBC children's TV adventure game show in which contestants compete to 'escape from an exotic island'.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Series 3 was produced by Foundation/Freehand for CBBC and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ Series three premiered on 5 April 2009 on CBBC and on 9 March 2009 on ABC1.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ The series will often repeat on ABC3 along with Series two.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ This series was hosted by JK and Joel.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ This series was filmed at Mission Beach in far North Queensland (near Tully and Townsville) in 2008.", "Escape from Scorpion Island (series 3) __knowledge__ All episodes in this series were one hour long on Sundays at 9:00 am on CBBC.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda () is a British Overseas Territory in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ It is approximately east-southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina; south of Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia; and north of Cuba.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ The capital city is Hamilton.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda is self-governing, with its own constitution and its own government, which enacts local laws, while the United Kingdom retains responsibility for defence and foreign relations.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda's two largest economic sectors are based on offshore insurance and reinsurance, and tourism.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda had one of the world's highest GDP per capita for most of the 20th century and several years beyond.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda was discovered in 1503 by Spanish explorer Juan de Bermúdez.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ In 1609, the English Virginia Company, which had established Jamestown in Virginia two years earlier, permanently settled Bermuda in the aftermath of a hurricane, when the crew and passengers of the \"Sea Venture\" steered the ship onto the surrounding reef to prevent its sinking, then landed ashore.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ The island was administered as an extension of Virginia by the Company until 1614.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ Its spin-off, the Somers Isles Company, took over in 1615 and managed the colony until 1684.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ At that time, the company's charter was revoked, and the English Crown took over administration.", "1926 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ The 1926 Atlantic hurricane season featured the highest number of major hurricanes at the time.", "1926 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ At least eleven tropical cyclones developed during the season, all of which intensified into a tropical storm and eight further strengthened into hurricanes.", "1926 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ Six hurricanes deepened into a major hurricane, which is Category 3 or higher on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.", "1926 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ The first system, the Nassau hurricane, developed near the Lesser Antilles on July 22.", "1926 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ Moving west-northwest for much of its duration, the storm struck or brush several islands of the Lesser and Greater Antilles.", "1926 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ However, the Bahamas later received greater impact.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Sarah Louise Platt (also Tilsley and Grimshaw) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\".", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was born on-screen during the episode broadcast on 2 February 1987.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was played by Leah King in 1987 and by Lynsay King from 1987 until 8 October 1999 when King opted to leave to focus on her education.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Tina O'Brien took over the role on 31 October 1999; she opted to leave in 2007 and made her final on-screen appearance on 30 December 2007.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ A number of false rumours about O'Brien returning to the role surfaced during her absence from the serial.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ In October 2014, it was announced that O'Brien was going to reprise the role, she returned to filming in February 2015 and returned on screen on 30 March 2015.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "The Bahamas __knowledge__ The Bahamas (), known officially as the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an archipelagic state within the Lucayan Archipelago.", "The Bahamas __knowledge__ It consists of more than 700 islands, cays, and islets in the Atlantic Ocean, and is located north of Cuba and Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic), northwest of the Turks and Caicos Islands, southeast of the United States state of Florida, and east of the Florida Keys.", "The Bahamas __knowledge__ The capital is Nassau on the island of New Providence.", "The Bahamas __knowledge__ The designation of \"the Bahamas\" can refer either to the country or to the larger island chain that it shares with the Turks and Caicos Islands.", "2011 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ The 2011 Atlantic hurricane season was the second consecutive season to feature the third highest count of named storms, but most of the storms were relatively weak.", "2011 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ Therefore, the season was tied with 1887, 1995, 2010, and the following 2012 season for the third highest number of named storms since record-keeping began in 1851.", "2011 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ Although the season featured 19 named storms, only 7 of them intensified into hurricanes and 4 of those became major hurricanes: Irene, Katia, Ophelia, and Rina.", "2011 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period during each year in which most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic Ocean.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The Boeing AH-64 Apache is an American four-blade, twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a two-man crew.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It is armed with a M230 chain gun carried between the main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage, and four hardpoints mounted on stub-wing pylons for carrying armament and stores, typically a mixture of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles and Hydra 70 rocket pods.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The AH-64 has a large amount of systems redundancy to improve combat survivability.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "Global warming in Norway __knowledge__ Global warming in Norway discusses global warming issues in Norway.", "Global warming in Norway __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Norway is a sovereign state and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.", "Global warming in Norway __knowledge__ The country maintains a combination of market economy and a Nordic welfare model with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system.", "Global warming in Norway __knowledge__ Norway has extensive reserves of petroleum, natural gas, minerals, lumber, seafood, fresh water and hydropower.", "Global warming in Norway __knowledge__ The petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the country's gross domestic product (GDP).", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ Capitan China Chung Keng Quee (, 182113 December1901) was the founder and administrator of modern Taiping in Perak, Malaysia.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ Appointed \"Capitan China\" by the British in 1877, he was a millionaire philanthropist and known as an innovator in the mining of tin.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ He was involved in many other industries including farming, pawnbroking and logging.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ He was respected by both Chinese and European communities in the early colonial settlement.", "Chung Keng Quee __knowledge__ His survival in the chaotic era owes much to his standing as leader of the Hai San, a Chinese secret society in British Malaya during the time of the Larut Wars (1862–73).", "Alavi Bohras __knowledge__ The Alavi Bohras () are a Taiyebi Musta'alavi Isma'ili Shi'i Muslim community from Gujarat, India.", "Alavi Bohras __knowledge__ In India, during the time of the 18th Fatimid Imam Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah around 1093 AD in Egypt, the designated learned people (\"wulaat\") who were sent from Yemen by missionaries (\"du'aat\") under the guidance of the Imam established a \"da'wah\" in Khambhat (Gujarat, India).", "Alavi Bohras __knowledge__ After the division of the Mustaalid community, the Yemenite Da'wah followed their 21st Imam, the son of 20th Imam Aamir in the succession of Fatimid Imams of Egypt, at-Taiyeb Abul Qaasim as their Imam of seclusion ستر, and the Bohras are the modern descendants of Taiyebi Da'wah established from Khambhat, Patan and Sidhpur in the 5th century Hijri and also the immigrants from Yemeni Taiyebi Da'wah.", "United States Naval Aviator __knowledge__ A Naval Aviator is a commissioned officer or warrant officer qualified as a pilot in the United States Navy, United States Marine Corps or United States Coast Guard.", "United States Naval Aviator __knowledge__ In the U.S. Navy, most Naval Aviators are unrestricted line officers (URL), eligible for command at sea; however, a small number of former senior enlisted personnel subsequently commissioned as line Limited Duty Officers and Chief Warrant Officers in the aviation operations technician specialty have also been trained as Naval Aviators and Naval Flight Officers.", "United States Naval Aviator __knowledge__ A small number of URL officers trained as Naval Aviators and Naval Flight Officers who hold technical degrees at the undergraduate and/or postgraduate level may also opt to laterally transfer to the restricted line (RL) as Aerospace Engineering Duty Officers (AEDO).", "Pink, Oklahoma __knowledge__ Pink is a town in Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma, United States, and is part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area.", "Pink, Oklahoma __knowledge__ The only town in the United States bearing this name, Pink lies within the boundaries of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation.", "Pink, Oklahoma __knowledge__ The 2010 census population was 2,058, a 76.7 percent increase from 1,165 at the 2000 census.", "Pink, Oklahoma __knowledge__ The town name of Pink may have been chosen because it is complementary to Brown (now part of Pink), which was located a few miles east in the same township and range.", "Pink, Oklahoma __knowledge__ This would be an example of the \"twin name fad\" in Pottawatomie County, like the towns of Romulus and Remus." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" is a song written by Ray Davies for English rock band the Kinks.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ The song, originally performed in a more blues-oriented style, was inspired by artists such as Lead Belly and Big Bill Broonzy.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Two versions of the song were recorded, with the second performance being used for the final single.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Although it was rumoured that future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page had performed the song's guitar solo, the myth has since been proven false.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" was built around power chords (perfect fifths and octaves) and heavily influenced later rock musicians, particularly in the genres of heavy metal and punk rock.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson for to the 2000 film \"\".", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was released as a single in May 21, 2000, after an unfinished version leaked to radio.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a contemporary R&B and electropop song which speaks about loving a person for who they are and disregarding their physical appearance.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ It was based on an incomplete poem Jackson had written, which was later applied to her character in the film.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was a contrast from the bleak tone of prior album \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997), returning to a brighter and more contemporary sound.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ \"Nothing Really Matters\" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna for her seventh studio album, \"Ray of Light\" (1998).", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and was produced by the singer with William Orbit and Marius De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ The song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on March 2, 1999 by Maverick Records and Warner Bros. Records.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ An EDM track on which Madonna experiments with different musical genres, \"Nothing Really Matters\" includes ambient music and electronic noise frequencies that were added by De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ Lyrically, the recording delves on the singer's first daughter Lourdes Leon, having also themes of selfishness, affection, and motherhood.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The Really Useful Group Ltd. (RUG) is an international company set up in 1977 by Andrew Lloyd Webber.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ It is involved in theatre, film, television, video and concert productions, merchandising, magazine publishing, records and music publishing.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The name is inspired by a phrase from the children's book series \"The Railway Series\" in which Thomas the Tank Engine and other locomotives are referred to as \"Really Useful Engines\".", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The company was set up in 1977 when Lloyd Webber, frustrated with the terms of his contract with the impresario Robert Stigwood, decided to take greater control over the management of his creative works.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The Really, Really Free Market (RRFM) movement is a horizontally organized collective of individuals who form a temporary market based on an alternative gift economy.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ RRFM events are often hosted by people unaffiliated with any large organization and are encouraged to sprout up by anyone, at anytime, anywhere.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The RRFM movement aims to counteract capitalism in a proactive way by creating a positive example to challenge the myths of scarcity and competition.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The name Really Really Free Market is itself a play on words: it is a reinterpretation and re-envisioning of the term Free Market which generally refers to an economy of consumerism governed by supply and demand.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda was discovered in 1503 by Spanish explorer Juan de Bermúdez.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ In 1609, the English Virginia Company, which had established Jamestown in Virginia two years earlier, permanently settled Bermuda in the aftermath of a hurricane, when the crew and passengers of the \"Sea Venture\" steered the ship onto the surrounding reef to prevent its sinking, then landed ashore.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ The island was administered as an extension of Virginia by the Company until 1614.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ Its spin-off, the Somers Isles Company, took over in 1615 and managed the colony until 1684.", "History of Bermuda __knowledge__ At that time, the company's charter was revoked, and the English Crown took over administration.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda () is a British Overseas Territory in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ It is approximately east-southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina; south of Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia; and north of Cuba.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ The capital city is Hamilton.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda is self-governing, with its own constitution and its own government, which enacts local laws, while the United Kingdom retains responsibility for defence and foreign relations.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda's two largest economic sectors are based on offshore insurance and reinsurance, and tourism.", "Bermuda __knowledge__ Bermuda had one of the world's highest GDP per capita for most of the 20th century and several years beyond.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ The Age of Discovery, or the Age of Exploration (approximately from the beginning of the 15th century until the end of the 18th century) is an informal and loosely defined term for the period in European history in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and was the beginning of globalization.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ It also marks the rise of the period of widespread adoption in Europe of colonialism and mercantilism as national policies.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ Many lands previously unknown to Europeans were discovered by them during this period, though most were already inhabited.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ From the perspective of many non-Europeans, the Age of Discovery marked the arrival of invaders from previously unknown continents.", "Conquistador __knowledge__ Conquistadors (from Portuguese or Spanish \"conquistadores\" \"conquerors\"; , , ) is a term used to refer to the soldiers and explorers of the Spanish Empire or the Portuguese Empire in a general sense.", "Conquistador __knowledge__ During the Age of Discovery, conquistadors sailed beyond Europe to the Americas, Oceania, Africa and Asia, conquering territory and opening trade routes.", "Conquistador __knowledge__ They colonized much of the world for Spain and Portugal in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.", "Conquistador __knowledge__ Portugal established a route to China in the early 16th century, sending ships via the southern coast of Africa and founding numerous coastal enclaves along the route.", "Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Spanish claims to Alaska and the West Coast of North America date to the papal bull of 1493, and the Treaty of Tordesillas.", "Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ In 1513, this claim was reinforced by Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa, the first European to sight the Pacific Ocean, when he claimed all lands adjoining this ocean for the Spanish Crown.", "Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Spain only started to colonize the claimed territory north of present-day Mexico in the 18th century, when it settled the northern coast of Las Californias (California).", "Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest __knowledge__ Starting in the mid-18th century, Spain's rights began to be challenged by British and Russian fur traders and colonizers.", "Exploration of the Pacific __knowledge__ Polynesians reached nearly all the Pacific islands by about 1200 AD, followed by Asian navigation in Southeast Asia and West Pacific.", "Exploration of the Pacific __knowledge__ Around the Middle Ages Muslim traders linked the Middle East and East Africa to the Asian Pacific coasts (to southern China and much of the Malay Archipelago).", "Exploration of the Pacific __knowledge__ The direct contact of European fleets with the Pacific began in 1512, with the Portuguese, on its western edges, followed by the Spanish discovery of the Pacific from the American coast.", "Exploration of the Pacific __knowledge__ In 1521 a Spanish expedition led by the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan was the first known crossing of the Pacific Ocean, who then named it the \"peaceful sea\".", "History of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The history of Latinos and Hispanics in the United States is wide-ranging, spanning more than four hundred years and varyingday United States, too.", "History of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Hispanics (whether criollo or mestizo) became the first American citizens in the newly acquired Southwest territory after the Mexican–American War, and remained a majority in several states until the 20th century.", "History of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States __knowledge__ As late as 1783, at the end of the American Revolutionary War, Spain held claim to roughly half of today's continental United States.", "History of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States __knowledge__ In the Treaty of Paris France ceded Louisiana (New France) to Spain from 1763 until it was returned in 1800 by the Treaty of San Ildefonso." ] ]

[ 3, 0, 10, 13, 7 ]

[ "I have never been on a cruise. Some people go on \"cruises to nowhere\" where they just sail round with no stops.", "I think you are right, it would be a lot of fun. You get to have dinner with the captain!", "Ah, that was built in 2015. I think Norway is meant to be a very beautiful place. ", "It depends if you fancy somewhere hot or cold. If you sailed to Bermuda you could pretend to be Juan de Bermudez, the Spanish explorer who discovered it.", "Ray Davies of the Kinks wrote a song called \"You Really Got Me\", it's a cracker!" ]

[ "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship" ]

[ "Singing", "I do love to sing but usually by myself. Not that I can't sing just shy. I've never tried singing jazz though", "I get how that could help with less focus on just me. What other tips do you have?", "They are good, I like a little of everything but rock is my favorite. Is it hard to really get going as a soloist? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "The Dragon Masters __knowledge__ The Dragon Masters is a science fiction novella by American author Jack Vance.", "The Dragon Masters __knowledge__ It was first published in \"Galaxy\" magazine, August 1962, and in 1963 in book form, as half of Ace Double F-185 (with \"The Five Gold Bands\").", "The Dragon Masters __knowledge__ It won the Hugo Award for Best Short Story in 1963.", "The Dragon Masters __knowledge__ The story describes a human society living under pre-industrial conditions that has bred lizard-like intelligent aliens to function as warriors, and an encounter with a ship from the alien planet, containing both the same aliens, and humans bred by them for similar purposes.", "The Dragon Masters __knowledge__ Aerlith is a planet of rocks and wilderness orbiting a distant bright star known as Skene which appears as \"an actinic point\" in the daytime.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Suraiya Jamaal Sheikh (15 June 1929 – 31 January 2004), popularly known as Suraiya, was an Indian Punjabi Muslim Hindi/Hindustani film actress and playback singer in Bollywood from the 1940s to the early 1960s, who remained unmarried throughout her life, after her love affair with actor Dev Anand was aborted by her maternal grandmother.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ She was the most popular singing star of the Indian sub-continent of her generation.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Until 1943, as a child singer, Suraiya did playback singing for one actress, namely Mehtab, in three films, and also in some of her own films for her roles as a child artiste.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ After this, she only sang for her own films as an actress, and acted as a heroine from 1946 until the end of her career in 1963.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Jazz in Belgium __knowledge__ The history of jazz in Belgium starts with the Dinant instrument maker Adolphe Sax, whose saxophone became part of military bands in New Orleans around 1900 and would develop into the jazz instrument par excellence.", "Jazz in Belgium __knowledge__ From then on the early history of jazz in Belgium virtually runs parallel to developments in the country of the birth of jazz, from the minstrel shows in the late 19th century until the first Belgian jazz album in 1927 and beyond.", "Jazz in Belgium __knowledge__ Two important people in Belgium largely influenced the development of jazz in those early years: Félix-Robert Faecq and Robert Goffin.", "Jazz in Belgium __knowledge__ The Belgian jazz history yielded many internationally known jazz musicians and composers such as the harmonica player and guitarist Toots Thielemans, guitarist Philip Catherine and the gypsy jazz guitarist Django Reinhardt.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ The music of Italy ranges across a broad spectrum of opera and instrumental classical music and a body of popular music drawn from both native and imported sources.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Music has traditionally been one of the cultural markers of Italian national and ethnic identity and holds an important position in society and in politics.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Italian innovation in musical scales, harmony, notation, and theatre enabled the development of opera in the late 16th century, and much of modern European classical music, such as the symphony and concerto.", "Music of Italy __knowledge__ Instrumental and vocal classical music is an iconic part of Italian identity, spanning experimental art music and international fusions to symphonic music and opera.", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ The term jazz guitar may refer to either a type of guitar or to the variety of guitar playing styles used in the various genres which are commonly termed \"jazz\".", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ The jazz-type guitar was born as a result of using electric amplification to increase the volume of conventional acoustic guitars.", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ Conceived in the early 1930s, the electric guitar became a necessity as jazz musicians sought to amplify their sound to be heard over loud big bands.", "Jazz guitar __knowledge__ When guitarists in big bands only had acoustic guitars, all they could do was play chords; they could not play solos because the acoustic guitar is not a loud instrument." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics) __knowledge__ In fluid dynamics, the Euler equations are a set of quasilinear hyperbolic equations governing adiabatic and inviscid flow.", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics) __knowledge__ They are named after Leonhard Euler.", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics) __knowledge__ The equations represent Cauchy equations of conservation of mass (continuity), and balance of momentum and energy, and can be seen as particular Navier–Stokes equations with zero viscosity and zero thermal conductivity.", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics) __knowledge__ In fact, Euler equations can be obtained by linearization of some more precise continuity equations like Navier–Stokes equations in a local equilibrium state given by a Maxwellian.", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics) __knowledge__ The Euler equations can be applied to incompressible and to compressible flow – assuming the flow velocity is a solenoidal field, or using another appropriate energy equation respectively (the simplest form for Euler equations being the conservation of the specific entropy).", "Gratuity __knowledge__ A gratuity (also called a tip) is a sum of money customarily given by a client or customer to a service worker, in addition to the basic price.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Tipping is commonly given to certain service sector workers for a service performed or anticipated, as opposed to money offered for a product or as part of a purchase price.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Depending on the country or location, it may or may not be customary to tip servers in bars and restaurants, taxi drivers, hair stylists and so on.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ The exchange is typically irreversible; differentiating it from the reward mechanism of a placed order, which can be refunded.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Tips and their amount are a matter of social custom and etiquette, and the custom varies between countries and settings.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the universe of Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10\" franchise, which includes \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Benjamin Kirby \"Ben\" Tennyson (alias \"Ben 10\") is the main character of the franchise.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He is a 10-year-old boy child from Bellwood who found the Omnitrix during his summer vacation with his Grandfather Max Tennyson and his cousin Gwen Tennyson.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ The Omnitrix attached to his wrist and gives him the powers and abilities to become different aliens.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He uses these powers to defeat evil while trying to escape the alien warlord Vilgax, who chases after him unstoppably in order to retrieve the Omnitrix.", "Randy, Red, Superfreak and Julia __knowledge__ \"Randy, Red, Superfreak and Julia\" is the season premiere of the 4th season of \"Scandal\", and is the 48th overall episode.", "Randy, Red, Superfreak and Julia __knowledge__ It premiered on September 25, 2014 in the U.S. on ABC.", "Randy, Red, Superfreak and Julia __knowledge__ The premiere was received with critical acclaim from critics, with many commenting on the improvement from the third season after naming the previous season \"messy\".", "Randy, Red, Superfreak and Julia __knowledge__ On Rotten Tomatoes the premiere got a rating of 100% fresh based on 6 reviews.", "Randy, Red, Superfreak and Julia __knowledge__ The episode scored a series high in total viewers with 11.96 millions and in Adults 18-49 with a 3.8/11.", "Randy, Red, Superfreak and Julia __knowledge__ The episode focuses on Olivia's return to Washington, D.C. after being away for two months, and how everything has changed.", "Traumatic memories __knowledge__ The management of traumatic memories is important when treating mental health disorders such as post traumatic stress disorder.", "Traumatic memories __knowledge__ Traumatic memories can cause life problems even to individuals who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for a mental health disorder.", "Traumatic memories __knowledge__ They result from traumatic experiences, including natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis; violent events such as kidnapping, terrorist attacks, war, domestic abuse and rape.", "Traumatic memories __knowledge__ Traumatic memories are naturally stressful in nature and emotionally overwhelm people's existing coping mechanisms.", "Traumatic memories __knowledge__ When simple objects such as a photograph, or events such as a birthday party, bring traumatic memories to mind people often try to bar the unwanted experience from their minds so as to proceed with life, with varying degrees of success.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ Foursquare is a local search-and-discovery service mobile app which provides search results for its users.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ The app provides personalized recommendations of places to go to near a user's current location based on users' \"previous browsing history, purchases, or check-in history\".", "Foursquare __knowledge__ The service was created in late 2008 and launched in 2009 by Dennis Crowley and Naveen Selvadurai.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ Crowley had previously founded the similar project Dodgeball as his graduate thesis project in the Interactive Telecommunications Program (ITP) at New York University.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ Google bought Dodgeball in 2005 and shut it down in 2009, replacing it with Google Latitude.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ One of the central questions of modern Astrobiology is whether there is, or ever has been life on Mars.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Mars probably had oceans in the past, and it definitely had lakes and a thicker atmosphere.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Modern Mars has become cold, dry, and almost uninhabitable, yet, if life did ever arise on Mars, some hardy microbes and perhaps even multicellular life might survive there right through to the present.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ The only missions to search for life on Mars, the two Viking missions, returned results that were inconclusive .", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ However the instruments were not designed to cope with the unusual conditions which Viking discovered on Mars, which may have confused the results of the experiments.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ This page lists past lineups for all past UK and US All Tomorrow's Parties music festivals, as well as other festivals the ATP organisation has been involved with such as the Pitchfork Music Festival and Primavera Sound.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Unlike most music festivals, ATP lineups are chosen by a curator, usually an artist or musician.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ 7-8-9/4/2000.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Lineup: ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, Alfie, Aphex Twin, Arab Strap, Bardo Pond, Bobby Gillespie's Hair, Clinic, Ganger, Godspeed You!", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Black Emperor, Gorky's Zygotic Mynci, Hood, Labradford + Pan American, Laika, Ligament, Mice Parade, Mogwai, Motor Life Co., Pan American, Plaid, Plone, Pram, Radar Bros., Scott 4, Shellac, Sigur Rós, Snow Patrol, Sonic Youth, Sophia, Stereolab, Super Furry Animals, Tarwater, Ten Benson, The Delgados, The For Carnation, The High Llamas, Two Dollar Guitar, Wire 6-7-8/4/2001.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Sarah Louise Platt (also Tilsley and Grimshaw) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\".", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was born on-screen during the episode broadcast on 2 February 1987.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was played by Leah King in 1987 and by Lynsay King from 1987 until 8 October 1999 when King opted to leave to focus on her education.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Tina O'Brien took over the role on 31 October 1999; she opted to leave in 2007 and made her final on-screen appearance on 30 December 2007.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ A number of false rumours about O'Brien returning to the role surfaced during her absence from the serial.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ In October 2014, it was announced that O'Brien was going to reprise the role, she returned to filming in February 2015 and returned on screen on 30 March 2015.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "Halifax Dukes __knowledge__ The Halifax Dukes were a Speedway team which operated from 1949–1951 and again from 1965 until their closure in 1985 at The Shay Stadium in Halifax.", "Halifax Dukes __knowledge__ The team were nicknamed the 'Dukes' after the local Duke Of Wellington's regiment stationed in the town, and even used their elephant symbol on the race jacket.", "Halifax Dukes __knowledge__ A team called Halifax Nomads operated racing a few fixtures in 1948, and speedway in Halifax was originally staged at Thrum Hall between 1928 and 1930.", "Halifax Dukes __knowledge__ On 8 February 1949 construction began on a new speedway track at The Shay.", "Halifax Dukes __knowledge__ The team enjoyed good support during the opening season with a crowd of over 18,000 attending one meeting in September.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Damita Jo is the eighth studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 30, 2004, by Virgin Records.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ The album takes its title from Jackson's middle name.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Its music incorporates rock, electro, house, and hip hop styles, in addition to dance-pop and R&B.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Its concept is based on Jackson's alternate personalities; exploring themes involving intimacy, monogamy, love, and dance.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Its production is derived from producers including Dallas Austin, Cathy Dennis, Scott Storch, BAG & Arnthor, Rich Harrison, Télépopmusik, Just Blaze, and Kanye West; in addition to Jackson and Jam & Lewis.", "Tony Bennett __knowledge__ Anthony Dominick Benedetto (born August 3, 1926), known professionally as Tony Bennett, is an American singer of traditional pop standards, big band, show tunes, and jazz.", "Tony Bennett __knowledge__ He is also a painter, having created works under the name Anthony Benedetto that are on permanent public display in several institutions.", "Tony Bennett __knowledge__ He is the founder of the Frank Sinatra School of the Arts in Astoria, Queens, New York.", "Tony Bennett __knowledge__ Born and raised in Astoria to an Italian-American family, Bennett began singing at an early age.", "Tony Bennett __knowledge__ He fought in the final stages of World War II as a U.S. Army infantryman in the European Theater.", "Tony Bennett __knowledge__ Afterward, he developed his singing technique, signed with Columbia Records and had his first number-one popular song with \"Because of You\" in 1951.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Frankie Laine (born Francesco Paolo LoVecchio; March 30, 1913 – February 6, 2007) was an Italian American singer, songwriter, and actor whose career spanned 75 years, from his first concerts in 1930 with a marathon dance company to his final performance of \"That's My Desire\" in 2005.", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Often billed as \"America's Number One Song Stylist\", his other nicknames include \"Mr.", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Rhythm\", \"Old Leather Lungs\", and \"Mr. Steel Tonsils\".", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ His hits included \"That's My Desire\", \"That Lucky Old Sun\", \"Mule Train\", \"Cry of the Wild Goose\", \"A Woman In Love\", \"Jezebel\", \"High Noon\", \"I Believe\", \"Hey Joe!", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ \", \"The Kid's Last Fight\", \"Cool Water\", \"Moonlight Gambler,\" \"Love Is a Golden Ring,\" \"Rawhide\", and \"Lord, You Gave Me a Mountain.\"", "Cheek to Cheek (album) __knowledge__ Cheek to Cheek is a collaborative album by American singers Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga.", "Cheek to Cheek (album) __knowledge__ It was released on September 19, 2014, by Interscope Records and Columbia Records.", "Cheek to Cheek (album) __knowledge__ In 2011, Bennett and Gaga first met at the Robin Hood Foundation gala in New York City.", "Cheek to Cheek (album) __knowledge__ After these two later recorded a rendition of \"The Lady Is a Tramp\", they began discussing plans for working on a jazz project.", "Cheek to Cheek (album) __knowledge__ \"Cheek to Cheek\" consists of jazz standards by popular jazz composers such as George Gershwin, Cole Porter, Jerome Kern, and Irving Berlin.", "Cheek to Cheek (album) __knowledge__ The album was inspired by Bennett and Gaga's desire to introduce the songs to a younger generation, since they believed that these tracks had universal appeal.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Columbia Records __knowledge__ Columbia Records is an American major record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment through Sony Entertainment, both are subsidiaries of Sony Corporation of America, the United States division of Sony Corporation.", "Columbia Records __knowledge__ It was founded in 1887 from an earlier enterprise named the American Graphophone Company, the successor to the Volta Graphophone Company.", "Columbia Records __knowledge__ From 1961 to 1990, Columbia's recordings were released outside the U.S. and Canada under the name CBS Records to avoid being confused with the Columbia Graphophone Company in the UK.", "Columbia Records __knowledge__ Columbia is one of Sony Music's three flagship record labels with RCA and Epic.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation." ] ]

[ 6, 3, 7, 11 ]

[ "I love to sing! Specifically I like singing jazz styles as a soloist! How about you?", "Oh i see! Yeah it can be nerve wracking performing music alone! I'd suggest start by singing in groups!", "Well I'd suggest singing in your favorite style of music! Whether it be jazz, blues, rock, etc. For me my favorites are Sinatra and Tony Bennett.", "It takes a lot of time! But if you practice every day the sounds become more strong and clear!" ]

[ "Singing", "Singing", "Singing", "Singing" ]

[ "Hollywood", "That's crazy. I wonder where they were hauling the wood to. ", "Who is H.J. Whitley. I've never heard of him.", "Interesting, I would have thought it would have been some one that was making movies." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood ( ) is a neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ This ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood is notable as the home of the U.S. film industry, including several of its historic studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry and the people in it.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood was a small community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, and soon thereafter a prominent film industry emerged, eventually becoming the most recognizable film industry in the world.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ In 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera (Nopal field), named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ By 1870, an agricultural community flourished.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the \"Father of Hollywood,\" on his honeymoon in 1886 he stood at the top of the hill looking out over the valley.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The man got out of the wagon and bowed.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, \"I holly-wood,\" meaning 'hauling wood.'" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood ( ) is a neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ This ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood is notable as the home of the U.S. film industry, including several of its historic studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry and the people in it.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood was a small community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, and soon thereafter a prominent film industry emerged, eventually becoming the most recognizable film industry in the world.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ In 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera (Nopal field), named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ By 1870, an agricultural community flourished.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the \"Father of Hollywood,\" on his honeymoon in 1886 he stood at the top of the hill looking out over the valley.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The man got out of the wagon and bowed.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, \"I holly-wood,\" meaning 'hauling wood.'", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ Crazy Horse (Lakota: in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA:, literally \"His-Horse-Is-Crazy\"; 1840 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the 19th century.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Indian territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ His participation in several famous battles of the American Indian Wars on the northern Great Plains, among them the Fetterman massacre in 1866, in which he acted as a decoy, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876, in which he led a war party to victory, earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "Junk rig __knowledge__ The junk rig, also known as the Chinese lugsail or sampan rig, is a type of sail rig in which rigid members, called battens, span the full width of the sail and extend the sail forward of the mast.", "Junk rig __knowledge__ An origin of the name \"junk rig\" is not directly recorded, but it is popularly attributed to the name from the traditional Chinese junk ship, where the rig was in use when first encountered by Europeans.", "Junk rig __knowledge__ While relatively uncommon in use among modern production sailboats, the rig's potential advantages of easier use and lower cost for blue water cruisers have been explored by individuals such as trans-Atlantic racer Herbert \"Blondie\" Hasler and author Annie Hill.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ Francisco Islas Rueda (born December 3, 1973) is a Mexican professional wrestler, or \"luchador\", best known by his ring name Super Crazy.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ In Mexico, Islas has worked for AAA (AAA) and made appearances for various independent promotions but is not currently associated with one specific Mexican promotion.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ As Super Crazy, Islas gained American exposure by working for Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) between 1998 and 2000 and for World Wrestling Entertainment between 2005 and 2008.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ He has also toured Japan on several occasions, working for New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW), Pro Wrestling Zero-One (Zero-1), All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) and Pro Wrestling Noah.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ Interracial marriage is a form of exogamy that involves a marriage between spouses who belong to different socially-defined races or racialized ethnicities.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ In the past, it was outlawed in the United States of America and in South Africa.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ It was formally declared legal in the United States in 1967 when the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in the case \"Loving v. Virginia\" that race-based restrictions on the set of individuals whom an individual is eligible to marry violate the Equal Protection Clause of the United States Constitution.", "Interracial marriage __knowledge__ In English, an \"interracial marriage\" refers to the institution of marriage, including childless marriages.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Miscegenation (; from the Latin \"miscere\" \"to mix\" + \"genus\" \"kind\") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Because of the term's historical use in contexts that typically implied disapproval, more unambiguously neutral terms such as \"interracial\", \"interethnic\", or \"cross-cultural\" are more common in contemporary usage.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ The term \"miscegenation\" has been used since the 19th century to refer to interracial marriage and interracial sexual relations, and more generally to the process of genetic admixture.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Historically, the term has been used in the context of laws banning interracial marriage and sex, known as anti-miscegenation laws.", "Eurasian (mixed ancestry) __knowledge__ A Eurasian is a person of mixed Asian and European ancestry.", "Eurasian (mixed ancestry) __knowledge__ The term was originally coined in 19th-century British India to identify a person born to (usually) a British father and an Indian mother.", "Eurasian (mixed ancestry) __knowledge__ These mixed offspring were later called Anglo-Indians.", "Eurasian (mixed ancestry) __knowledge__ In addition to British many were also of mixed Portuguese, Dutch, Indian, or, more rarely, French descent.", "Eurasian (mixed ancestry) __knowledge__ The term has now been extended to include people whose parentage hails from Europe and all of Asia.", "Eurasian (mixed ancestry) __knowledge__ The term has been used in anthropological literature since the 1960s.", "Eurasian (mixed ancestry) __knowledge__ Historically, Central Asia has been a \"melting pot\" of West Eurasia and East Eurasian peoples, leading to high genetic admixture and diversity.", "Yellow Peril __knowledge__ The Yellow Peril (also Yellow Terror and Yellow Spectre) is a racist color-metaphor that is integral to the xenophobic theory of colonialism: that the peoples of East Asia are a danger to the Western world.", "Yellow Peril __knowledge__ As a psycho-cultural perception of menace from the East, fear of the Yellow Peril was more racial than national, a fear derived, not from concern with a specific source of danger, from any one country or people, but from a vaguely ominous, existential fear of the vast, faceless, nameless horde of yellow people opposite the Western world.", "Yellow Peril __knowledge__ As a form of xenophobia, the Yellow Terror is the fear of the rising tide of colored people from the Orient.", "Chinese immigration to Sydney __knowledge__ Chinese immigration to Sydney dates back almost two hundred years, with Mak Sai Ying being the first recorded settler in Australia.", "Chinese immigration to Sydney __knowledge__ The 2006 census showed that 221,995 people (5.39%) in Sydney reported Mandarin or Cantonese as the language they used at home.", "Chinese immigration to Sydney __knowledge__ Chinese immigration was seen as part of a solution for a labour shortage in New South Wales from 1828 onwards, though the scale of immigration remained low until later in the nineteenth century.", "Chinese immigration to Sydney __knowledge__ What came to be known as the White Australia Policy saw a series of restrictive legislation passed at both a state and later a federal level.", "Chinese immigration to Sydney __knowledge__ The climate of fear and distrust eased somewhat from the 1950s onwards, and today Chinese communities form a vibrant and important part of Sydney's character.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ The recorded history of the area now known as Xinjiang dates to the 2nd millennium BC.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ There have been many empires, primarily Han Chinese, Turkic, and Mongol, that have ruled over the region, including the Yuezhi, Xiongnu, Han dynasty, Gaochang, Kingdom of Khotan, Sixteen Kingdoms of the Jin dynasty (Former Liang, Former Qin, Later Liang, and Western Liang), Turkic Khaganate, Tang dynasty, Tibetan Empire, Uyghur Khaganate, Kara-Khanid Khanate, Kingdom of Qocho, Qara Khitai, Mongol Empire, Yuan dynasty, Chagatai Khanate, Yarkent Khanate, Dzungar Khanate, and Qing dynasty.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ Xinjiang was previously known as \"Xiyu\" (西域), under the Han dynasty, which drove the Xiongnu empire out of the region in 60 BCE in an effort to secure the profitable Silk Road, but was renamed Xinjiang (新疆, meaning \"new frontier\") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in 1759." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood ( ) is a neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ This ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood is notable as the home of the U.S. film industry, including several of its historic studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry and the people in it.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood was a small community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, and soon thereafter a prominent film industry emerged, eventually becoming the most recognizable film industry in the world.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ In 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera (Nopal field), named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ By 1870, an agricultural community flourished.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the \"Father of Hollywood,\" on his honeymoon in 1886 he stood at the top of the hill looking out over the valley.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The man got out of the wagon and bowed.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, \"I holly-wood,\" meaning 'hauling wood.'", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Hobart Johnstone Whitley (October 7, 1847 – June 3, 1931), also known as H.J.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley, is the \"Father of Hollywood.\"", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ He was a real estate developer who helped create the Hollywood subdivision in Los Angeles, Southern California.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ He and his wife Margaret Virginia Whitley named the town while on their honeymoon in 1886.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Hobart Johnstone (H.J.)", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the seventh and youngest son of Joseph Whitley and Eleanor Johnstone.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ He attended Toronto Business College.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley became a naturalized citizen of the United States in the 1870s.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley moved to Chicago and owned a hardware store and candy store.", "Keith Whitley __knowledge__ Jackie Keith Whitley (July 1, 1955 – May 9, 1989) was an American country music singer.", "Keith Whitley __knowledge__ During his career, Whitley only recorded two albums but charted 12 singles on the \"Billboard\" country charts, and 7 more after his death.", "Keith Whitley __knowledge__ Born in Ashland, Kentucky, Whitley grew up in nearby Sandy Hook, Kentucky.", "Keith Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley began his career there in 1970, performing in Ralph Stanley's band.", "Keith Whitley __knowledge__ Establishing himself as a lead singer in bluegrass music, Whitley moved to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1983 and began his recording career there.", "Keith Whitley __knowledge__ His first Top 20 Country Hit single, \"Miami, My Amy\", was released in 1986.", "Keith Whitley __knowledge__ While touring for his album \"L.A. to Miami\", he married country singer Lorrie Morgan.", "Armstrong Whitworth Whitley __knowledge__ The Armstrong Whitworth A.W.38 Whitley was one of three British twin-engined, front line medium bomber types that were in service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) at the outbreak of the Second World War.", "Armstrong Whitworth Whitley __knowledge__ Alongside the Vickers Wellington and the Handley Page Hampden, the Whitley was developed during the mid-1930s according to Air Ministry Specification B.3/34, which it was subsequently selected to meet.", "Armstrong Whitworth Whitley __knowledge__ In 1937, the Whitley formally entered into RAF squadron service, it was the first of the three medium bombers to be introduced.", "Armstrong Whitworth Whitley __knowledge__ Following the outbreak of war in September 1939, the Whitley participated in the first RAF bombing raid upon German territory and remained an integral part of the early British bomber offensive.", "Whitley Bay __knowledge__ Whitley Bay is a seaside town on the north east coast of England.", "Whitley Bay __knowledge__ Historically in Northumberland, it is now part of Tyne and Wear.", "Whitley Bay __knowledge__ It has absorbed the village of Monkseaton.", "Whitley Bay __knowledge__ Whitley was first mentioned around 1100 when King Henry I conferred it with other possessions on the Priory of Tynemouth being referred to in ancient documents and maps before that date as Witelei, Wyteley, Hwyteleg, Witelithe, Wheteley, Wytheleye, Whitlaw, Whitlathe and Whitlag.", "Whitley Bay __knowledge__ Whitley is also referred to in the charters of King Henry II, King Richard I and King John, confirming to the priors their possessions and liberties.", "William Whitley __knowledge__ William Whitley (August 4, 1749 – October 5, 1813), was an American pioneer.", "William Whitley __knowledge__ He was important to the early settlement of the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky and fought in the War of 1812.", "William Whitley __knowledge__ Shortly after his marriage, Whitley began to talk with his wife about moving to the western frontier.", "William Whitley __knowledge__ When she approved this pursuit, he organized an expedition with his brother-in-law, George Clark.", "William Whitley __knowledge__ Shortly after their departure, they met another party of seven pioneers; the two parties combined and continued with their expedition.", "William Whitley __knowledge__ After scouting a location near a branch of the Dix River called Cedar Creek, they returned to Virginia to prepare their families for a permanent relocation.", "History of East Texas State Teachers College __knowledge__ The history of East Texas State Teachers College (ETSTC) comprises the history of the university now known as Texas A&M University–Commerce from its renaming as East Texas State Teachers College in 1923 (to define its purpose \"more clearly\") to its renaming as East Texas State College in 1957 (to recognize its broadening scope).", "History of East Texas State Teachers College __knowledge__ During this era, ETSTC was led by four different presidents (Randolph B. Binnion, Samuel H. Whitley, A. C. Ferguson, and James Gilliam Gee), two of whom (Whitley and Gee) served for more than a decade.", "History of East Texas State Teachers College __knowledge__ The ETSTC period was marked by increasing recognition, notably through obtaining membership in the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) in 1925, as well as marked growth in its faculty, student enrollment, and physical plant.", "Whitley Heights, Los Angeles __knowledge__ Whitley Heights is a residential neighborhood and historic preservation overlay zone in the Hollywood Hills neighborhood of Central Los Angeles, California.", "Whitley Heights, Los Angeles __knowledge__ Known as a residential area for actors and other people in the motion-picture industry, it is divided between a hillside single-family district and an apartment area.", "Whitley Heights, Los Angeles __knowledge__ It is notable for an attempt by its homeowners' group and the city to close off public streets to outside traffic, an effort that was ruled illegal by the courts The preservation zone is split into two parts by the Hollywood Freeway (U.S. Highway 101) running through the Cahuenga Pass.", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ \"A Different World\" is a spin-off from the American television sitcom \"The Cosby Show\".", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ It aired on NBC for six seasons, from 1987 to 1993.", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ A native of Brooklyn; Denise Huxtable is the daughter of Hillman alumni Cliff and Clair.", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ She enrolled in Hillman and was roommates with Maggie Lauten and Jaleesa Vinson during her sophomore year.", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ Denise was a poor student who often procrastinated and struggled to manage her time and money.", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ She disliked Whitley Gilbert and endured Dwayne Wayne's crush on her.", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ She left Hillman at the end of her sophomore year to travel to Africa.", "List of A Different World characters __knowledge__ There, she met and married Lt. Martin Kendall of the U.S. Navy and became the stepmother of Olivia Kendall.", "A Different World __knowledge__ A Different World is an American sitcom (and a spin-off of \"The Cosby Show\") that aired for six seasons on NBC from September 24, 1987 to July 9, 1993.", "A Different World __knowledge__ The series originally centered on Denise Huxtable (Lisa Bonet) and the life of students at Hillman College, a fictional historically black college in Virginia.", "A Different World __knowledge__ It was inspired by student life at historically black colleges and universities.", "A Different World __knowledge__ After Bonet's departure in the first season, the remainder of the series primarily focused more on Southern belle Whitley Gilbert (Jasmine Guy) and math whiz Dwayne Wayne (Kadeem Hardison).", "A Different World __knowledge__ While it was a spin-off from \"The Cosby Show\", \"A Different World\" typically addressed issues that were avoided by \"The Cosby Show\" writers (race and class relations, or the Equal Rights Amendment)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood ( ) is a neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ This ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood is notable as the home of the U.S. film industry, including several of its historic studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry and the people in it.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Hollywood was a small community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, and soon thereafter a prominent film industry emerged, eventually becoming the most recognizable film industry in the world.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ In 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera (Nopal field), named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ By 1870, an agricultural community flourished.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the \"Father of Hollywood,\" on his honeymoon in 1886 he stood at the top of the hill looking out over the valley.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ Along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The man got out of the wagon and bowed.", "Hollywood __knowledge__ The Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, \"I holly-wood,\" meaning 'hauling wood.'", "Making Movies __knowledge__ Making Movies is the third studio album by the British rock band Dire Straits released on 17 October 1980 by Vertigo Records internationally and by Warner Bros. Records in the United States.", "Making Movies __knowledge__ The album produced the single \"Romeo and Juliet\", which reached #8 on the UK Singles Chart.", "Making Movies __knowledge__ The album reached #1 on album charts in Italy and Norway, #19 in the United States and #4 in the United Kingdom.", "Making Movies __knowledge__ \"Making Movies\" was later certified platinum in the United States and double-platinum in the United Kingdom.", "Making Movies __knowledge__ After the Communiqué Tour ended on 21 December 1979 in London, Mark Knopfler spent the first half of 1980 writing the songs for Dire Straits' next album.", "Making Movies (band) __knowledge__ Making Movies is an American rock band based out of Kansas City, Missouri.", "Making Movies (band) __knowledge__ Their music is influenced by rock, cumbia, psychedelia, American roots, son cubano, and spoken word.", "Making Movies (band) __knowledge__ On May 26, 2017, Making Movies released their third album, titled \"I Am Another You\".", "Making Movies (band) __knowledge__ The album has been featured on various Spotify playlists and charted on three Billboard charts; #3 on \"Latin Pop Album Sales\", # 8 on \"Latin Album Sales\", and #8 on \"World Albums.\"", "Making Movies (band) __knowledge__ Making Movies consists of two sets of brothers, Enrique Chi (vocals/guitar), Diego Chi (bass/vocals), Juan-Carlos Chaurand (percussion/keys) and Andres Chaurand (drums).", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken International is a group which owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands, mainly pale lager, though some other beer styles are produced.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ As of 2006, Heineken owns over 125 breweries in more than 70 countries and employs approximately 57,557 people.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ The two largest brands are Heineken and Tecate; though the portfolio includes Amstel, Fosters (in Europe and Vietnam), Sagres, Cruzcampo, Skopsko, Affligem, Żywiec, Starobrno, Zagorka, Zlatý Bažant and Birra Moretti.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken Lager Beer is the flagship product of the company.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is a 5% abv pale lager that was first made in 1868.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is brewed by 40 breweries in 39 countries around the world.", "Oriental Brewery __knowledge__ Oriental Brewery or OB (Hangul: 오비맥주) is a South Korean brewery owned by AB InBev.", "Oriental Brewery __knowledge__ (was started by Doosan group) Established by the Doosan Group in 1952, it was purchased by InBev in 1998.", "Oriental Brewery __knowledge__ In July 2009, it was sold by Anheuser-Busch InBev as the parent company sought to reduce its debt.", "Oriental Brewery __knowledge__ It was sold to an affiliate of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.. Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB Inbev) has retained the right to purchase OB five years from its sale, at predetermined financial terms.", "Oriental Brewery __knowledge__ In April 2014, AB Inbev executed its right to repurchase OB.", "Oriental Brewery __knowledge__ OB became a subsidiary of AB Inbev again.", "Oriental Brewery __knowledge__ Today OB produces several of Korea's most popular beverages including the OB, Cass and Cafri lager brands.", "Pale lager __knowledge__ Pale lager is a very pale-to-golden-colored lager beer with a well attenuated body and a varying degree of noble hop bitterness.", "Pale lager __knowledge__ The brewing process for this beer developed in the mid-19th century, when Gabriel Sedlmayr took pale ale brewing techniques back to the Spaten Brewery in Germany and applied them to existing lagering methods.", "Pale lager __knowledge__ This approach was picked up by other brewers, most notably Josef Groll of Bavaria who produced Pilsner Urquell in the city of Pilsen in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (now in the Czech Republic).", "Pale lager __knowledge__ The resulting Pilsner beers—pale-colored, lean and stable beers—were very successful and gradually spread around the globe to become the most common form of beer consumed in the world today.", "Oscar bait __knowledge__ Oscar bait is a term used in the film community for movies that appear to have been produced for the sole purpose of earning nominations for Academy Awards or \"Oscars\", as they are commonly known.", "Oscar bait __knowledge__ They are usually released just in advance of Oscar season, late in the calendar year, so as to meet the minimum eligibility requirements for the awards and be fresh in the minds of Oscar voters.", "Oscar bait __knowledge__ The prestige or acclaim the studio may receive from the nomination or award is often secondary to the increased box office receipts such a film may garner; some films may even be depending on it to turn a profit.", "Dire Straits __knowledge__ Dire Straits were a British rock band formed in London in 1977 by Mark Knopfler (lead vocals and lead guitar), David Knopfler (rhythm guitar and backing vocals), John Illsley (bass guitar and backing vocals), and Pick Withers (drums and percussion).", "Dire Straits __knowledge__ The band became one of the world's most commercially successful, with worldwide records sales of over 100 million.", "Dire Straits __knowledge__ Their first hit single, \"Sultans of Swing\", from their self-titled debut album, reached the top ten in the UK and US charts in 1978.", "Dire Straits __knowledge__ They released a number of hit singles in the 1980s, such as \"Private Investigations\" (1983), \"Money for Nothing\" (1985), and \"Walk of Life\" (1985).", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Hobart Johnstone Whitley (October 7, 1847 – June 3, 1931), also known as H.J.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley, is the \"Father of Hollywood.\"", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ He was a real estate developer who helped create the Hollywood subdivision in Los Angeles, Southern California.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ He and his wife Margaret Virginia Whitley named the town while on their honeymoon in 1886.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Hobart Johnstone (H.J.)", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the seventh and youngest son of Joseph Whitley and Eleanor Johnstone.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ He attended Toronto Business College.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley became a naturalized citizen of the United States in the 1870s.", "H.J. Whitley __knowledge__ Whitley moved to Chicago and owned a hardware store and candy store.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ Real estate in Panama is about how the Republic of Panama's real estate industry has grown since 2006, as foreign investments helped to fuel Panama's economy and housing market.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ In spite of the economic and housing market growth, poverty is a problem in Panama.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ Most indigenous people live in extreme poverty while others located in rural areas live in basic poverty.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ Lack of sanitation, electricity, basic water, health, and education amongst the poor is a serious problem affecting Panama’s housing conditions.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ In an attempt to encourage foreign investments for real estate projects and infrastructure, the government of Panama enacted laws protecting foreigners and citizens who make investments.", "Real estate development __knowledge__ Real estate development, or property development, is a business process, encompassing activities that range from the renovation and re-lease of existing buildings to the purchase of raw land and the sale of developed land or parcels to others.", "Real estate development __knowledge__ Real estate developers are the people and companies who coordinate all of these activities, converting ideas from paper to real property.", "Real estate development __knowledge__ Real estate development is different from construction, although many developers also manage the construction process.", "Real estate development __knowledge__ Developers buy land, finance real estate deals, build or have builders build projects, create, imagine, control, and orchestrate the process of development from the beginning to end.", "Private transfer fee __knowledge__ A private transfer fee covenant is a legal instrument that is filed in the real property records, which imposes an assessment  payable in connection with a series of future transfers of title to certain real property.", "Private transfer fee __knowledge__ The assessment can be for a fixed amount or a percentage of the sales price, and typically runs for a limited term (usually ranging from 20 to 99 years).", "Private transfer fee __knowledge__ Unlike a transfer tax (payable to a governmental entity) a private transfer fee assessment is payable to an identified third-party, often a community association (like a homeowners’ association, or “HOA”), the real estate developer,  and/or an environmental or charitable organization.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States, northwest of downtown Los Angeles.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ The population at the 2010 census was 103,340.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ Billed as the \"Media Capital of the World\" and only a few miles northeast of Hollywood, numerous media and entertainment companies are headquartered or have significant production facilities in Burbank, including The Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Entertainment, Nickelodeon Animation Studios, The Burbank Studios, Cartoon Network Studios with the West Coast branch of Cartoon Network, and Insomniac Games.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ The city is also home to Hollywood Burbank Airport, previously known as Bob Hope Airport.", "Draining and development of the Everglades __knowledge__ The history of draining and development of the Everglades dates back to the 19th century.", "Draining and development of the Everglades __knowledge__ During the Second Seminole War beginning in 1836, the United States military's mission was to seek out Seminole people in the Everglades and capture or kill them.", "Draining and development of the Everglades __knowledge__ Those missions gave the military the opportunity to map land that seemed to frustrate and confound them at every turn.", "Draining and development of the Everglades __knowledge__ A national push for expansion and progress toward the latter part of the 19th century stimulated interest in draining the Everglades for agricultural use.", "Draining and development of the Everglades __knowledge__ According to historians, \"From the middle of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century, the United States went through a period in which wetland removal was not questioned.", "College Park, Maryland __knowledge__ The City of College Park is in Prince George's County, Maryland.", "College Park, Maryland __knowledge__ The population was 30,413 at the 2010 United States Census.", "College Park, Maryland __knowledge__ It is best known as the home of the University of Maryland, College Park, and since 1994 the city has also been home to the National Archives at College Park, a facility of the U.S. National Archives, as well as to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Weather and Climate Prediction (NCWCP).", "College Park, Maryland __knowledge__ College Park's United States Postal Service ZIP Codes are 20740, 20741 (Berwyn Heights; North College Park) and 20742 (University of Maryland).", "College Park, Maryland __knowledge__ College Park was developed beginning in 1889 near the Maryland Agricultural College (later the University of Maryland) and the College Station stop of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad." ] ]

[ 11, 8, 14, 51 ]

[ "Hollywood's name was believed to come from a Chinese man saying \"hauling wood\" with an accent. ", "I do too. The person who heard him was the \"Father of Hollywood\" H.J. Whitley on his honeymoon.", "He was a real estate developer who was partially responsible for the Hollywood subdivision in LA", "He was also born in Canada! Ironic that he helped create one of America's most iconic landmarks." ]

[ "Hollywood", "Hollywood", "Hollywood", "Hollywood" ]

[ "Association football\nDo you know anything about association football?", "How long has the game been around for?", "Wow that was a long time ago. very interesting", "FIFA has alot of games for xbox, right?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" is a song by the American rock band Mad Season, released in 1995 as the second single from the band's sole studio album, \"Above\" (1995).", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The song reached number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The verse bar for \"I Don't Know Anything\" features a droning, overdriven guitar melody centered on the use of harmonics.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" peaked at number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Although the single was released to radio across North America and the world, it was only commercially available in Austria.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" was first performed live at the band's October 12, 1994 concert in Seattle, Washington at the Crocodile Cafe.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling scepticism; from Greek σκέψις \"skepsis\", \"inquiry\") is both a philosophical school of thought and a method that questions the possibility of certainty in knowledge.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is generally agreed that knowledge requires justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is not enough to have a true belief: one must also have good reasons for that belief.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skeptics claim that it is not possible to have only an adequate justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skepticism is not a single position but covers a range of different positions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ In the ancient world there were two main skeptical traditions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Academic skepticism took the dogmatic position that knowledge was not possible; Pyrrhonian skeptics refused to take a dogmatic position on any issue—including skepticism.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ Apartment Life is the second studio album by American band Ivy, released by Atlantic Records on October 6, 1997.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ After being dropped from Seed Records following the release of \"Realistic\" in 1995, the group signed to Atlantic due to connections that Adam Schlesinger had with the record label.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ In addition to band members Andy Chase and Schlesinger, the album was produced by Lloyd Cole and Peter Nashel.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ In contrast to their previous releases, such as \"Lately\" (1994) and \"Realistic\", \"Apartment Life\" is a pop album with varying forms of production consisting of keyboards, brass, and string instruments.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ Above is the only studio album by the American rock band Mad Season, released on March 14, 1995, through Columbia Records.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ The album has been certified gold by the RIAA in the United States.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ Layne Staley also did the album artwork on the cover.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ During the production of Pearl Jam's \"Vitalogy\", guitarist Mike McCready went into rehabilitation in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he met John Baker Saunders, who would a short while later become bassist in The Walkabouts.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ In 1994, when the two returned to Seattle, they formed a side band with Screaming Trees drummer Barrett Martin.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ Immediately the trio set up rehearsal time together and began writing material.", "Football (word) __knowledge__ The English word football may mean any one of several team sports (or the ball used in that respective sport), depending on the national or regional origin and location of the person using the word.", "Football (word) __knowledge__ So where English is a first language the unqualified use of the word \"football\" is used to refer to the most popular code of football in that region.", "Football (word) __knowledge__ The sports most frequently referred to as simply \"football\" are association football (soccer), American football, Australian rules football, Canadian football, Gaelic football, rugby league football and rugby union football.", "Football (word) __knowledge__ Of the 45 \"national\" FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) affiliates in which English is an official or primary language, 43 use \"football\" in their organisations' official names (Canada and the United States use \"soccer\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ The following video games are noted for their negative reception.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ They include games that won ironic and humorous awards (such as Golden Mullet Awards), games that have been named to lists of the \"worst\" games published by major video gaming publications or websites, games that have received low review scores from such publications (often determined by low aggregate scores on sites such as Metacritic), and games that have been recognized to be poorly received by players.", "List of video games notable for negative reception __knowledge__ Some of the older or rarer games have gained attention more recently through videos produced by popular YouTube personalities, such as \"Angry Video Game Nerd\".", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ The 2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented Pennsylvania State University in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ The team was coached by Bill O'Brien and played its home games in Beaver Stadium in University Park, Pennsylvania.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ They were a member of the Big Ten Conference and its Leaders Division.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ Penn State was ineligible to play in a bowl game for the 2013 season, the second season of a four-year ban, due to NCAA sanctions imposed in the wake of the Penn State child sex abuse scandal.", "2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team __knowledge__ Before the season, Penn State had an open competition to win the starting quarterback position; true freshman Christian Hackenberg won and started all 12 games for the Nittany Lions.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ An adventure game is a video game in which the player assumes the role of a protagonist in an interactive story driven by exploration and puzzle-solving.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ The genre's focus on story allows it to draw heavily from other narrative-based media, literature and film, encompassing a wide variety of literary genres.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ Many adventure games (text and graphic) are designed for a single player, since this emphasis on story and character makes multi-player design difficult.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ \"Colossal Cave Adventure\" is identified as the first such adventure game, first released in 1976, while other notable adventure game series include \"Zork\", \"King's Quest\", \"The Secret of Monkey Island\", and \"Myst\".", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Eastern role-playing video games are role-playing video games developed in East Asia.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Most Eastern role-playing games are Japanese role-playing games (JRPG), developed in Japan.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Role-playing games are also developed in South Korea and in China.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ While the Japanese video game industry has long been viewed as console-centric in the Western world, due to the worldwide success of Japanese consoles beginning with the NES, the country had in fact produced thousands of commercial personal computer games from the late 1970s up until the mid-1990s, in addition to \"dōjin soft\" independent games.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ The country's computer market was very fragmented at first; \"Lode Runner\", for example, reportedly required 34 conversions to different hardware platforms.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Cricket __knowledge__ Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players each on a cricket field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard-long (20 metres) pitch with a target at each end called the wicket (a set of three wooden stumps upon which two bails sit).", "Cricket __knowledge__ Each phase of play is called an innings, during which one team bats, attempting to score as many runs as possible, whilst their opponents bowl and field, attempting to minimise the number of runs scored.", "Cricket __knowledge__ When each innings ends, the teams usually swap roles for the next innings (i.e.", "Cricket __knowledge__ the team that previously batted will bowl/field, and vice versa).", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs.", "Football __knowledge__ Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball with a foot to score a goal.", "Football __knowledge__ Unqualified, the word \"football\" is understood to refer to whichever form of football is the most popular in the regional context in which the word appears.", "Football __knowledge__ Sports commonly called \"football\" in certain places include: association football (known as soccer in some countries); gridiron football (specifically American football or Canadian football); Australian rules football; rugby football (either rugby league or rugby union); and Gaelic football.", "Football __knowledge__ These different variations of football are known as football codes.", "College football __knowledge__ College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, colleges, and military academies, or Canadian football played by teams of student athletes fielded by Canadian universities.", "College football __knowledge__ It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States.", "College football __knowledge__ Unlike most other sports in North America, no minor league farm organizations exist in American or Canadian football.", "College football __knowledge__ Therefore, college football is generally considered to be the second tier of American football in the United States and Canadian football in Canada; one step ahead of high school competition, and one step below professional competition." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago (; literally \"Our Story\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the first of a two-part series.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The film commemorates Singapore's 50th birthday and stars Aileen Tan, Mark Lee and Wang Lei as the main casts.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The story spans from 1965 to the early 1970s.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Heavily pregnant Zhao Di, the unwanted second wife of an older man, was chased out by her husband's family and forced to return to her own family.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ She eventually gave birth to twins, Shun Fatt and Su-Fang.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ As Su-Fang had two moles on her face, which was said to be bad luck, Zhao Di decided to give her up due to the pressure of wanting to build a better life for the rest of her family.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Laws of the Game (association football) __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game (LOTG) are the codified rules that help define association football.", "Laws of the Game (association football) __knowledge__ They are the only rules of association football subscribed to by the sport's governing body FIFA.", "Laws of the Game (association football) __knowledge__ The laws mention the number of players a team should have, the game length, the size of the field and ball, the type and nature of fouls that referees may penalise, the frequently misinterpreted offside law, and many other laws that define the sport.", "Laws of the Game (association football) __knowledge__ During a match, it is the task of the referee to interpret and enforce the Laws of the Game.", "Laws of the Game (association football) __knowledge__ There were various attempts to codify the rules of football in England in the mid-19th century.", "History of soccer in Brisbane, Queensland __knowledge__ The earliest known records of regular association football (soccer) games in Brisbane date from the early 1880s, when a group comprising mostly Scottish immigrants commenced playing at Queen's Park, adjacent to Alice and Edward Streets in the city (now part of the City Botanic Gardens) and vacant land in Melbourne Street South Brisbane, between Grey and Stanley Streets.", "History of soccer in Brisbane, Queensland __knowledge__ This group of players subsequently formed the Anglo-Queensland Football Association in early 1884, and commenced playing fixtures at the sportsfield behind the Pineapple Hotel, in Main Street Kangaroo Point, and at Queen's Park, in June 1884.", "History of association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, can be traced to as far back as the Medieval period in Britain (medieval football).", "History of association football __knowledge__ The modern game of association football originates from the formation of The Football Association in London, England in 1863 based on multiple efforts to standardize the varying forms of the game.", "History of association football __knowledge__ This allowed clubs to play each other without dispute and which specifically banned handling of the ball (except by goalkeepers) and hacking during open field play.", "History of association football __knowledge__ After the fifth meeting of the association a schism emerged between association football and the rules played by the Rugby school, later to be called rugby football.", "History of rugby union __knowledge__ The history of rugby union follows from various football games played long before the 19th century, but it was not until the middle of that century that the rules were formulated and codified.", "History of rugby union __knowledge__ The code of football later known as rugby union can be traced to three events: the first set of written rules in 1845, the Blackheath Club's decision to leave the Football Association in 1863 and the formation of the Rugby Football Union in 1871.", "History of rugby union __knowledge__ The code was originally known simply as \"rugby football\".", "History of rugby union __knowledge__ It was not until a schism in 1895, over the payment of players, which resulted in the formation of the separate code of rugby league, that the name \"rugby union\" was used to differentiate the original rugby code.", "Football __knowledge__ Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball with a foot to score a goal.", "Football __knowledge__ Unqualified, the word \"football\" is understood to refer to whichever form of football is the most popular in the regional context in which the word appears.", "Football __knowledge__ Sports commonly called \"football\" in certain places include: association football (known as soccer in some countries); gridiron football (specifically American football or Canadian football); Australian rules football; rugby football (either rugby league or rugby union); and Gaelic football.", "Football __knowledge__ These different variations of football are known as football codes.", "The Football Association __knowledge__ The Football Association, also known simply as the FA, is the governing body of association football in England, and the Crown dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man.", "The Football Association __knowledge__ Formed in 1863, it is the oldest football association in the world and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory.", "The Football Association __knowledge__ The FA sanctions all competitive football matches within its remit at national level, and indirectly at local level through the County Football Associations.", "The Football Association __knowledge__ It runs numerous competitions, the most famous of which is the FA Cup.", "The Football Association __knowledge__ It is also responsible for appointing the management of the men's, women's, and youth national football teams." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "FIFA (video game series) __knowledge__ FIFA, also known as FIFA Football or FIFA Soccer, is a series of association football video games or football simulator, released annually by Electronic Arts under the EA Sports label.", "FIFA (video game series) __knowledge__ Football video games such as \"Sensible Soccer\", \"Kick Off\" and \"Match Day\" had been developed since the late 1980s and already competitive in the games market when EA Sports announced a football game as the next addition to their EA Sports label.", "FIFA (video game series) __knowledge__ When the series began in late 1993, it was notable for being the first to have an official licence from FIFA, the world governing body of football.", "FIFA (video game series) __knowledge__ The latest installments in the series contain many exclusively-licensed leagues including leagues and teams from around the world, including the German Bundesliga and 2.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot.", "FIFA __knowledge__ The (FIFA ; French for \"International Federation of Association Football\") is an association which describes itself as an international governing body of association football, futsal, and beach soccer.", "FIFA __knowledge__ FIFA is responsible for the organization of football's major international tournaments, notably the World Cup which commenced in 1930 and the Women's World Cup which commenced in 1991.", "FIFA __knowledge__ FIFA was founded in 1904 to oversee international competition among the national associations of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "FIFA __knowledge__ Headquartered in Zürich, its membership now comprises 211 national associations.", "Names for association football __knowledge__ The names of association football are the terms used to describe :association football, the sport most commonly referred to in the English-speaking world as \"football\" or \"soccer\".", "Names for association football __knowledge__ The rules of association football were codified in the United Kingdom by the Football Association in 1863, and the name \"association football\" was coined to distinguish the game from the other versions of football played at the time, such as rugby football.", "Names for association football __knowledge__ The word \"soccer\" is an abbreviation of \"association\" (from \"assoc.\")", "Names for association football __knowledge__ and first appeared in universities in the 1880s (sometimes using the variant spelling \"socker\").", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ The many sports played and followed in Ireland include Gaelic games (mainly Gaelic football, hurling and camogie), horse racing, show jumping, greyhound racing, basketball, fishing, handball, motor sport, MMA, boxing, target shooting and tennis.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Hockey, golf, rowing, cricket, rugby union and Olympic target shooting are organised in an all-island basis, with a single team representing the whole of Ireland in international competitions.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Other sports, such as soccer and netball, have separate organizing bodies in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ As Northern Ireland is a constitute nation of the United Kingdom it also sends a Northern Ireland Team to the Commonwealth Games.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ Racism in association football is the abuse of players, officials, and fans because of their skin colour, nationality, or ethnicity.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ Some may also be targeted because of their association with an opposing team.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ However, there have been instances of individuals being targeted by their own fans.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ Racism in association football has been most studied in the European Union and Russia, although racist incidents have been reported abroad.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ In response to racist incidents at association football matches, in May 2013, FIFA, the international governing body of association football, announced new measures to deal with racism in the sport.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom has given birth to a range of major international sports including: association football, rugby (union and league), cricket, netball, darts, golf, tennis, table tennis, badminton, squash, bowls, modern rowing, hockey, boxing, snooker, billiards, and curling.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This has meant that in the infancy of many sports, England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland formed among the earliest separate governing bodies, national teams and domestic league competitions.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After 1922 some sports formed separate bodies for Northern Ireland though some continued to be organised on an all-Ireland basis.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In a small number of sports, these teams are supplemented by high-profile events featuring a combined team representing one or more nations.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 10, 25 ]

[ "It is a game played by a team of eleven players with a spherical ball. Commonly known as football or soccer.", "The laws of the game were originally codified by the Football Association in 1863.", "Yeah, it's a really fun sport! It's governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA).", "They do! FIFA Football or FIFA Soccer is a series of association football video games. They are released annually by EA Sports." ]

[ "Association football", "Association football", "Association football", "Association football" ]

[ "Florida\nhey, have you ever been to Florida?", "wow, i wouldnt mind taking a family vacation in florida. I heard its really hot there though.", "I sorry you hated it. why did you hate it?", "Im sorry that you had such an awful experience for you, hopefully you are in a better place now.", "i still would like to vist, I heard the beaches are beautiful in Destin" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Hey Hey It's Saturday was a long-running variety television program on Australian television.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ It initially ran for 27 years on the Nine Network from on 9 October 1971 to 20 November 1999 (there was a recess in 1978).", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Its host throughout its entire run was Daryl Somers, who later also became executive producer of the program.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ The original producer, Gavin Disney, left the program in the 1980s and Somers then jointly formed his own production company, \"Somers Carroll Productions\", with on-screen partner Ernie Carroll, the performer of Somers' puppet sidekick Ossie Ostrich.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ On 25 July 2009, the Nine Network announced the show would return for two reunion specials in late 2009 and hinted if they rated strongly, the show could return full-time.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ The ballad evolved from \"Hey Jules\", a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon's son, Julian, during his parents' divorce.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney's vocal performance and piano accompaniment; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ After the fourth verse, the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles' record label Apple Records.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ JUMP is a nine-member Japanese all-male band under the Japanese talent agency, Johnny & Associates.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The name Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ refers to the fact that all the members were born in the Heisei period, and JUMP is an acronym for Johnny's Ultra Music Power.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ They are also known as HSJ or just JUMP.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Like agency seniors, Hikaru Genji and V6, the group is split into two sub-groups: Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ BEST (Boys Excellent Select Team) and Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ 7 (not to be confused with the temporary group with the same name).", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The sub-groups consists of the five oldest members (BEST) and four youngest members (7) respectively.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her fifth studio album \"Witness\" (2017).", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ It was sent to Italian contemporary hit radio stations on January 12, 2018 by Universal Music Group as the album's fourth single.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ The song was written by Perry, Sia Furler, Sarah Hudson, Max Martin and Ali Payami, while production was handled by Martin and Payami.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a rock and electronica-influenced, dark dream pop and electropop track; its lyrical theme is female empowerment.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ Reviewers speculated that the song was also about the 2016 United States presidential election nominees Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton.", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ The song \"Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey\", also known as \"Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey!", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ (Goin' Back to Birmingham)\", was written by Little Richard and recorded in May 9, 1956 at J&M Studio, New Orleans, Louisiana (supervised by Bumps Blackwell).", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ In 1955, Little Richard recorded two different versions of \"Kansas City\" by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller: one on September, 13 (supervised by Bumps Blackwell), and one on November, 29 (with five vocalists, supervised by Art Rupe).", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ The first version, which adheres closely to the original 1952 recording by Little Willie Littlefield for the first two verses, was not released until November 1970, on the compilation album \"Well Alright!\"", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ Hey Venus!", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ is the eighth album by Welsh band Super Furry Animals.", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ It was released on 27 August 2007 in the United Kingdom.", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ \"Hey Venus!\"", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ is the band's first full-length release on current label Rough Trade Records and, at just over 36 minutes, is also their shortest-running studio release.", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ The title is taken from the first line of the song \"Into the Night\".", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ The album was conceived as a \"rowdy pop record\", both in response to Rough Trade's request for \"one of those pop records like you used to make\" and as a result of the \"very different atmosphere\" the band encountered at shows on the \"Love Kraft\" tour when the 'slow' songs from that album were played.", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ Alder Hey Children's Hospital is a major national children's hospital and NHS foundation trust located in the suburb of West Derby; in the city of Liverpool, England.", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ It is one of the largest children's hospitals in the United Kingdom and Europe, and one of several specialist hospitals located within the Liverpool City Region; alongside the Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, The Walton Centre, Mersey Regional Burns and Plastic Surgery Unit, and Clatterbridge Cancer Centre.", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ The hospital was founded in 1914.", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ During the First World War, the United States Army established Camp Hospital 40 on the site, operated by Hospital Unit Q and, subsequently, Unit W. American sources commonly refer to Alder Hey as being within Liverpool's Knotty Ash area." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory __knowledge__ Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory is a 2008 American feature length documentary fan film written and directed by Brandon Kleyla to examine interest in the Indiana Jones films through interviews and profiles of more than 50 devotees of the films.", "Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory __knowledge__ Kleyla had been himself an actor since 1991 when he performed in an equity production of \"Evita\" at Daytona Beach Community College.", "Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory __knowledge__ In 1995 he played the character Bobby Fricker in the film \"Now and Then\", followed by his role as Josiah in \"\" (1996), the young version of the character James Whale in \"Gods and Monsters\" (1998), and the character of Young Kevin in \"Free Enterprise\" (1998).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Vacation __knowledge__ A vacation or holiday is a leave of absence from a regular occupation, or a specific trip or journey, usually for the purpose of recreation or tourism.", "Vacation __knowledge__ People often take a vacation during specific holiday observances, or for specific festivals or celebrations.", "Vacation __knowledge__ Vacations are often spent with friends or family .", "Vacation __knowledge__ A person may take a longer break from work, such as a sabbatical, gap year, or career break.", "Vacation __knowledge__ The concept of taking a vacation is a recent invention, and has developed through the last two centuries.", "Vacation __knowledge__ Historically, the idea of travel for recreation was a luxury that only wealthy people could afford (see Grand Tour).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "Johnson Family Vacation __knowledge__ Johnson Family Vacation is a 2004 American comedy film directed by Christopher Erskin.", "Johnson Family Vacation __knowledge__ It stars Cedric the Entertainer, Vanessa Williams, Bow Wow, Gabby Soleil, Shannon Elizabeth, Solange Knowles, and Steve Harvey.", "Johnson Family Vacation __knowledge__ The film is director Erskin's first and only feature film directorial project.", "Johnson Family Vacation __knowledge__ Nate Johnson and his family have been invited to their big family reunion in Missouri.", "Johnson Family Vacation __knowledge__ He sees it as an opportunity to reconnect with his estranged wife and growing children, as well as a chance to show up his wealthier know-it-all brother, Mack.", "Johnson Family Vacation __knowledge__ Nate takes delivery on an expensive new SUV, persuades his recently separated wife Dorothy to tag along, and packs up his three kids — nubile teenager Nikki, under-age wannabe rapper D.J., and precocious five-year-old Destiny — for what he imagines will be a leisurely drive from Los Angeles to Missouri.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ John Bruce \"Jack\" Thompson (born July 25, 1951) is an American activist and disbarred attorney, based in Coral Gables, Florida.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ Thompson is known for his role as an anti-video-game activist, particularly against violence and sex in video games.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ During his time as an attorney, Thompson focused his legal efforts against what he perceives as obscenity in modern culture.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ This included rap music, broadcasts by shock jock Howard Stern, the content of computer and video games and their alleged effects on children.", "Jack Thompson (activist) __knowledge__ He is also known for his unusual filings to The Florida Bar, including challenging the constitutionality of The Florida Bar itself in 1993.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "History of Florida __knowledge__ The history of Florida can be traced back to when the first Native Americans began to inhabit the peninsula as early as 14,000 years ago.", "History of Florida __knowledge__ They left behind artifacts and archeological evidence.", "History of Florida __knowledge__ Written history begins with the arrival of Europeans to Florida; the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León in 1513 made the first textual records.", "History of Florida __knowledge__ The state was the first mainland realm of the United States to be settled by Europeans.", "History of Florida __knowledge__ Thus, 1513 marked the beginning of the American Frontier.", "History of Florida __knowledge__ From that time of contact, Florida has had many waves of immigration, including French and Spanish settlement during the 16th century, as well as entry of new Native American groups migrating from elsewhere in the South, and free blacks and fugitive slaves, who became known as Black Seminoles.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing.", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.", "CBS __knowledge__ The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS is sometimes referred to as the \"Eye Network\", in reference to the company's iconic logo, in use since 1951.", "CBS __knowledge__ It has also been called the \"Tiffany Network\", alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley.", "Ficus aurea __knowledge__ Ficus aurea, commonly known as the Florida strangler fig (or simply strangler fig), golden fig, or higuerón, is a tree in the family Moraceae that is native to the U.S. state of Florida, the northern and western Caribbean, southern Mexico and Central America south to Panama.", "Ficus aurea __knowledge__ The specific epithet \"aurea\" was applied by English botanist Thomas Nuttall who described the species in 1846.", "Ficus aurea __knowledge__ \"Ficus aurea\" is a strangler fig.", "Ficus aurea __knowledge__ In figs of this group, seed germination usually takes place in the canopy of a host tree with the seedling living as an epiphyte until its roots establish contact with the ground.", "Ficus aurea __knowledge__ After that, it enlarges and strangles its host, eventually becoming a free-standing tree in its own right." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ Sorry, Sorry is the third studio album by South Korean boy band Super Junior, released on March 12, 2009 in South Korea.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" was a critically and commercially successful hit in Asia, becoming 2009's best-selling Korean-language album in South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, China, and the Philippines.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ In less than a week after pre-orders were announced, over 150,000 copies were pre-ordered.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ According to South Korea's Hanteo Charts, it debuted at 1st on the charts with almost 30,000 copies sold on the first day.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ The album won a Disk Daesang (Album of the Year) at the 2009 Golden Disk Awards.", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ The Most Hated Family in America is a 2007 BBC documentary film written and presented by Louis Theroux about the family at the core of the Westboro Baptist Church.", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ The organization was led by Fred Phelps (who has since died) and located in Topeka, Kansas.", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ Westboro Baptist Church members believe that the United States government is immoral due to its tolerance of homosexuality; in addition, they protest at funerals of U.S. military killed in action with signs that display text such as \"God Hates Fags\" and \"Thank God for Dead Soldiers\".", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ With a BBC film crew, Theroux travelled to Kansas to spend time with members of the church and interview its leadership.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album \"Lemonade\" (2016).", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Wynter Gordon, Sean \"Melo-X\" Rhoden and Beyoncé, with Hit-Boy serving as a co-producer and Stuart White as an additional producer.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records serviced it to radio stations as the album's second single on May 3, 2016.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is an electro-R&B song with a thumping rhythm created by drum beats, synthesizers and bells.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics revolve around the protagonist dealing with betrayal of a companion with a woman.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Due to the numerous allegations featured in the song, media linked its subject matter to the singer and her spouse, Jay-Z.", "Hate crime __knowledge__ A hate crime (also known as a bias-motivated crime or bias crime) is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of his or her membership (or perceived membership) in a certain social group or race.", "Hate crime __knowledge__ Examples of such groups can include and are almost exclusively limited to: sex, ethnicity, disability, language, nationality, physical appearance, religion, gender identity or sexual orientation.", "Hate crime __knowledge__ Non-criminal actions that are motivated by these reasons are often called \"bias incidents\".", "Hate crime __knowledge__ \"Hate crime\" generally refers to criminal acts which are seen to have been motivated by bias against one or more of the social groups listed above, or by bias against their derivatives.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) is a Baptist church which is known for its use of inflammatory hate speech, especially against LGBT people (homophobia), Catholics (anti-Catholicism), Orthodox Christians (anti-Orthodoxy), Muslims (Islamophobia), Jews (antisemitism), U.S. soldiers and politicians (anti-Americanism).", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church is widely known as a hate group and is monitored as such by the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church has been involved in actions against gay people since at least 1991, when it sought a crackdown on homosexual activity at Gage Park six blocks northwest of the church.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ Philip David Charles Collins (born 30 January 1951) is an English drummer, singer-songwriter, record producer and actor.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ He was the drummer and lead singer of the rock band Genesis and is also a solo artist.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ Between 1982 and 1989, Collins scored three UK and seven US number-one singles in his solo career.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ When his work with Genesis, his work with other artists, as well as his solo career is totalled, Collins had more US Top 40 singles than any other artist during the 1980s.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ His most successful singles from the period include \"In the Air Tonight\", \"Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)\", \"One More Night\", \"Sussudio\", \"Two Hearts\" and \"Another Day in Paradise\".", "Second Seminole War __knowledge__ The Second Seminole War, also known as the Florida War, was a conflict from 1835 to 1842 in Florida between various groups of Native Americans collectively known as Seminoles and the United States, part of a series of conflicts called the Seminole Wars.", "Second Seminole War __knowledge__ The Second Seminole War, often referred to as \"the\" Seminole War, is regarded as \"the longest and most costly of the Indian conflicts of the United States.\"", "Second Seminole War __knowledge__ Bands from various tribes in the southeastern United States had moved into the unoccupied lands in Florida in the 18th century.", "Second Seminole War __knowledge__ These included Alabamas, Choctaw, Yamasees, Yuchis and Creek people.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ The History of Tallahassee, like the History of Leon County, begins with the Native American population and its interaction with British and Spanish colonists as well as colonial Americans and fugitive slaves, as the Florida Territory moved toward statehood.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Growing numbers of cotton plantations increased the settlement's population greatly.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ It became a city and capitol in 1821.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is situated within the Apalachee Province, home of the Apalachee, a Mississippian culture of agrarian people who farmed vast tracts of land.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Their capital, Anhaica, was located within Tallahassee's city limits.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the capital of the U.S. state of Florida.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ It is the county seat and only incorporated municipality in Leon County.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory, in 1824.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ In 2016, the population was 190,894, making it the 7th-largest city in the U.S state of Florida, and the 126th-largest city in the United States.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ The population of the Tallahassee metropolitan area was 379,627 as of 2016.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the largest city in the Florida Panhandle region, and the main center for trade and agriculture in the Florida Big Bend and Southwest Georgia regions.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is home to Florida State University, ranked the nation's thirty-third best public university by \"U.S. News & World Report\".", "Tallahassee Community College __knowledge__ Tallahassee Community College (commonly referred to as TCC) is an American state college, and is a member of the Florida College System.", "Tallahassee Community College __knowledge__ Tallahassee Community College is accredited by the Florida Department of Education and the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.", "Tallahassee Community College __knowledge__ Its primary campus is located on a campus in Tallahassee, Florida, United States.", "Tallahassee Community College __knowledge__ In 2013, Tallahassee Community College was listed first in the nation in graduating students with A.A. degrees.", "Tallahassee Community College __knowledge__ TCC is also the top transfer school in the nation to both Florida State University and Florida A&M University.", "Tallahassee Community College __knowledge__ As of fall 2017, TCC reported 40,087 students.", "Governor's Guards (Florida) __knowledge__ The Governor's Guards is a historic unit of the Florida Army National Guard, stationed in Tallahassee, Florida.", "Governor's Guards (Florida) __knowledge__ Its current designation is Troop C, 1st Squadron, 153rd Cavalry.", "Governor's Guards (Florida) __knowledge__ The unit has one of the oldest continuous lineages in the Florida National Guard with history dating back to the first militia units formed in the town in 1836.", "Governor's Guards (Florida) __knowledge__ In 1857, Captain John Pakhill, his brother Samuel M. Parkhill, and Theordore Brevard, Jr. formed a mounted company of \"Leon Volunteers\" to fight in the Third Seminole War, where John Parkhill was killed in action.", "Governor's Guards (Florida) __knowledge__ John Parkhill's cousin, Captain George W. Parkhill and his brother, Richard C. Parkhill formed a new company called the \"Governor's Guards\" circa 1859-1860 which later changed its name to \"Howell Guards\" and fought with the Second Florida Infantry during the Civil War.", "Springtime Tallahassee __knowledge__ Springtime Tallahassee is an annual event held on the first Saturday in April in Tallahassee, Florida, United States celebrating Tallahassee's history and culture.", "Springtime Tallahassee __knowledge__ Springtime Tallahassee began in 1967 as a concept to keep Tallahassee as the state capital.", "Springtime Tallahassee __knowledge__ At the time, Florida had its first Legislature based on reapportionment in which Florida legislators from southern and central Florida were insisting that the capitol be in a more centralized location.", "Springtime Tallahassee __knowledge__ Tallahassee's civic and business leaders mapped a strategy and proposed it to their legislative delegation asking for help.", "Springtime Tallahassee __knowledge__ As the legislative session advanced, unkind comments about Tallahassee were made by legislators.", "Prince Achille Murat __knowledge__ Charles Louis Napoleon Achille Murat (known as Achille, 21 January 1801 – 15 April 1847) was the eldest son of Joachim Murat, the brother-in-law of Napoleon who was appointed King of Naples during the First French Empire.", "Prince Achille Murat __knowledge__ After his father was deposed and executed by his own subjects, Achille Murat went into exile in Austria with his siblings and mother.", "Prince Achille Murat __knowledge__ At the age of 21, Achille Murat emigrated to the United States and settled at St. Augustine, Florida, becoming a naturalized citizen sometime after July 1828 and dropping his European titles.", "Prince Achille Murat __knowledge__ Achille Murat was born in the Hôtel de Brienne in Paris, France." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ Better Place was a venture-backed international company that developed and sold battery-charging and battery-switching services for electric cars.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ It was formally based in Palo Alto, California, but the bulk of its planning and operations were steered from Israel, where both its founder Shai Agassi and its chief investors resided.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ The company opened its first functional charging station the first week of December 2008 at Cinema City in Pi-Glilot near Tel Aviv, Israel The first customer deliveries of Renault Fluence Z.E.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ electric cars enabled with battery switching technology began in Israel in the second quarter of 2012, and at peak in mid September 2012, there were 21 operational battery-swap stations open to the public in Israel.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ Kerishnie Naiker is a South African beauty pageant titleholder crowned Miss South Africa 1997 and placed 4th Runner-up at Miss World 1998.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ Kerishnie Naiker grew up in Reservoir Hills, Durban with her parents Amra and Joey, a self-employed businessman and two siblings.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ She attained an honours degree in pharmacy in 1995 and practiced as a senior pharmacist in hospital and retail pharmacy.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ During her final year, her father died from a heart attack.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ She was studying towards her masters in pharmacy practice researching \"The Social and Behavioural Factors Affecting Tuberculosis in South Africa\" in 1997, when she became Miss South Africa.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ The Renault Fluence Z.E.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ is an electric version of the Renault Fluence compact sedan, part of the Renault Z.E.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ program of battery electric vehicles.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ It was unveiled by Renault at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ The Fluence Z.E.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ is outfitted with a 22 kWh lithium-ion battery which allows a total all-electric range of measured on the NEDC combined cycle, with speeds up to .", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ The Fluence Z.E.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ was the first electric car enabled with battery swapping technology and deployed within the Better Place network in Israel and Denmark in 2012.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ A total of 948 Fluence Z.E.", "Renault Fluence Z.E. __knowledge__ cars were deployed in Israel and around 400 units sold in Denmark through May 2013, when Better Place filed for bankruptcy.", "Better Place (Rachel Platten song) __knowledge__ \"Better Place\" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Rachel Platten for her third studio album, \"Wildfire\" (2016).", "Better Place (Rachel Platten song) __knowledge__ The record's third and final single, initially released as a promotional single on December 18, 2015, was distributed to Hot adult contemporary radio for airplay on April 4, 2016 in the United States.", "Better Place (Rachel Platten song) __knowledge__ Platten co-wrote the song with Sally Seltmann while Jon Levine served as the sole producer.", "Better Place (Rachel Platten song) __knowledge__ The singer wrote the song after discovering her sister had become engaged, which she felt was inspirational.", "Better Place (Rachel Platten song) __knowledge__ \"Better Place\" divided music critics, with some praising the piano ballad's simplicity and production, and others finding it underwhelming.", "Electric vehicle network __knowledge__ An electric vehicle network is an infrastructure system of publicly accessible charging stations and possibly battery swap stations to recharge electric vehicles.", "Electric vehicle network __knowledge__ Government, car manufacturers, and charging infrastructure providers have entered into many agreements to create such networks.", "Electric vehicle network __knowledge__ , Estonia is the only country to have completed the deployment of an electric car charging network with nationwide coverage.", "Electric vehicle network __knowledge__ The Go Electric Stations is a global station navigation system.", "Electric vehicle network __knowledge__ The project currently includes free smartphone apps via Next Charge and provides free data and information to users and providers regarding stations all around the world.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Dami Im (, , ; born 17 October 1988) is a Korean-born Australian singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist performing artist.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im is known for achieving the best ever Eurovision result for Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im emigrated to Australia from South Korea with her family at the age of nine.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ She won the fifth season of \"The X Factor Australia\" and subsequently received a recording contract with Sony Music Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ After winning \"The X Factor\", Im released her debut and winner's single \"Alive\", which debuted at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ This was followed by the release of her self-titled second studio album, which debuted at number one the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association.", "Fear Before __knowledge__ Fear Before (formerly known as Fear Before the March of Flames) is an experimental rock band that resides in Aurora, Colorado.", "Fear Before __knowledge__ As stated on their Alternative Press podcast, their name originates from a Denver Post newspaper headline about the 2002 Hayman fire titled \"The Fear Before The March of Flames.\"", "Fear Before __knowledge__ They released their debut album \"Odd How People Shake\" in 2003 with a re-release in January 2004, second album \"Art Damage\" in September 2004, third album \"The Always Open Mouth\" in September 2006, and fourth album \"Fear Before\" in October 2008.", "Fear Before __knowledge__ In 2010 the band announced they were going into an indefinite hiatus.", "Low Point Lighthouse __knowledge__ Low Point Lighthouse (also known as 'Flat Point Lighthouse') is a historic Canadian lighthouse marking the eastern entrance to Sydney Harbour at New Victoria, Nova Scotia, near New Waterford, Nova Scotia.", "Low Point Lighthouse __knowledge__ This is one of the earliest and most important light stations of Nova Scotia, one of the first dozen beacons in Nova Scotia to be lit to guide mariners, a classic red-and-white lighthouse still operated by the Canadian Coast Guard.", "Low Point Lighthouse __knowledge__ This lighthouse and station are located on low lying, flat point of land that thrusts over out into Spanish Bay.", "Low Point Lighthouse __knowledge__ The point has been called both \"Low Point\" and \"Flat Point\" since at least 1882.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "2007 Navy vs. Notre Dame football game __knowledge__ The 2007 Navy vs. Notre Dame football game ended the longest all-time college football consecutive wins streak by one team over another.", "2007 Navy vs. Notre Dame football game __knowledge__ On November 3, 2007, the Navy Midshipmen defeated the Notre Dame Fighting Irish 46–44 in triple-overtime at Notre Dame's home field, Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana.", "2007 Navy vs. Notre Dame football game __knowledge__ Notre Dame came into this annual game with 43 straight wins against Navy since the last loss against Heisman Trophy winner Roger Staubach in 1963.", "2007 Navy vs. Notre Dame football game __knowledge__ With the win, Navy improved to 5–4 and Notre Dame fell to 1–8 on the season.", "2007 Navy vs. Notre Dame football game __knowledge__ The Navy–Notre Dame football rivalry is the longest running college football series between two teams not in the same conference.", "Chelsea, Dutchess County, New York __knowledge__ Chelsea is a hamlet of the Town of Wappinger in Dutchess County, New York, United States.", "Chelsea, Dutchess County, New York __knowledge__ It is located on the Hudson River in the southwestern corner of the town.", "Chelsea, Dutchess County, New York __knowledge__ It takes the ZIP Code 12512 and is in the 845 telephone area code, and has its own fire district.", "Chelsea, Dutchess County, New York __knowledge__ It is a small community, primarily residential.", "Chelsea, Dutchess County, New York __knowledge__ A marina is located on the river.", "Chelsea, Dutchess County, New York __knowledge__ Just north of the hamlet is a large pumping station used by the New York City water supply system during droughts to take water directly from the river, since the hamlet is located around the point where the river water becomes fresh enough to drink even in the dryest of times.", "Miami Hurricanes football __knowledge__ The Miami Hurricanes football team represents the University of Miami in the sport of American football.", "Miami Hurricanes football __knowledge__ The Hurricanes compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)'s Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) and the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).", "Miami Hurricanes football __knowledge__ The program began in 1926 and has won five AP national championships (1983, 1987, 1989, 1991, 2001).", "Miami Hurricanes football __knowledge__ The Miami Hurricanes are among the most storied and decorated football programs in NCAA history.", "Miami Hurricanes football __knowledge__ Miami is ranked fourth on the list of All-time Associated Press National Poll Championships, tied with Southern California and Ohio State and behind Alabama, Notre Dame, and Oklahoma.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The history of Florida Gators football began in 1906.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The Florida Gators football team represents the University of Florida in the sport of American football.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ It has competed in the Southeastern Conference since 1933, in its eastern division since 1992.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ Previously, Florida was a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) from 1912 to 1921 and the Southern Conference (SoCon) from 1922 to 1932.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ There have been 25 head coaches for the team, starting with Pee Wee Forsythe in 1906.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The current head coach of the Gators is Dan Mullen.", "History of Florida Gators football __knowledge__ The Gators have fielded a team every season since 1906, with the exception of 1943.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "Pop Max __knowledge__ Pop Max (formerly Kix!", "Pop Max __knowledge__ and then Kix) is a free-to-air children's television channel in the United Kingdom, owned by CSC Media Group.", "Pop Max __knowledge__ As of June 2014, it broadcasts cartoons, action and adventure series, extreme sports and music videos on Sky and Freesat.", "Pop Max __knowledge__ Its target audience is 7 to 17-year-old boys.", "Pop Max __knowledge__ At 06:00 on 19 May 2008, Pop +1 ceased broadcast and was directly replaced on-air with Kix content.", "Pop Max __knowledge__ \"Medabots\" was the first programme to be broadcast under the Kix!", "Pop Max __knowledge__ identity.", "Pop Max __knowledge__ Kix was the fourth dedicated kids' channel to be launched by CSC: its three sister channels are Pop which was launched on 29 May 2003, and shows cartoons and pop music videos for a mixed audience; Tiny Pop, which was launched on 27 July 2004, and shows cartoons for young children and pre-schoolers; and Pop Girl, launched on 6 August 2007, and also shows cartoons and live action shows but is aimed at a female-led audience.", "Destin, Florida __knowledge__ Destin is a city located in Okaloosa County, Florida.", "Destin, Florida __knowledge__ It is a principal city of the Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Destin, Florida __knowledge__ Located on Florida's Emerald Coast, Destin is known for its white beaches and emerald green waters.", "Destin, Florida __knowledge__ Originating as a small fishing village, it is now a popular tourist destination.", "Destin, Florida __knowledge__ According to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, over 80 percent of the Emerald Coast's 4.5 million visitors each year visit Destin.", "Destin, Florida __knowledge__ The city styles itself \"The World's Luckiest Fishing Village\", and claims to have the largest fishing vessel fleet in the state of Florida.", "Catalan verbs __knowledge__ This article discusses the conjugation of verbs in a number of varieties of Catalan, including Old Catalan.", "Catalan verbs __knowledge__ Each verbal form is accompanied by its phonetic transcription.", "Catalan verbs __knowledge__ Widely used dialectal forms are included, even if they are not considered standard in either of the written norms: those of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (based on central Catalan) and the Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (based on common Valencian).", "Catalan verbs __knowledge__ Other dialectal forms exist, including those characteristic of minor dialects such as Ribagorçan and Algherese and transitional forms of major dialects (such as those spoken in the lower Ebro basin area around Tortosa and in the Empordà).", "Mære Station __knowledge__ Mære Station () was a railway station on the Nordland Line at Mære in Stjørdal, Norway.", "Mære Station __knowledge__ The station opened on 1 April 1917 and closed on 7 January 2001.", "Mære Station __knowledge__ During the planning of the Hell–Sunnan Line, there was a contentious debate over both the route and the location of the station within the former municipality of Sparbu.", "Mære Station __knowledge__ The surveys from 1893 proposed a line which would run from Kåberg through Mære to Vist.", "Mære Station __knowledge__ Two alternative proposals were made, both which ran further east and higher up.", "Mære Station __knowledge__ The first was for it to run via Leira to Hamren and then down to Mære; this would cost 30,000 Norwegian krone extra and increased the railway's gradient.", "Kix (band) __knowledge__ Kix is an American hard rock band that achieved popularity during the 1980s.", "Kix (band) __knowledge__ Band members have continued to record and tour, including the Rocklahoma festival in 2008 in Oklahoma and are a consistent presence at the annual M3 Rock Festival in the band's home state of Maryland.", "Kix (band) __knowledge__ Kix was formed by Ronnie Younkins, Brian Forsythe and Donnie Purnell in December 1977 in Hagerstown, Maryland.", "Kix (band) __knowledge__ In 1981, they released their self-titled debut album, \"Kix\", featuring \"Atomic Bombs\", \"Heartache\", \"Contrary Mary\", \"The Itch\", and \"The Kid\".", "Kix (band) __knowledge__ \"Love at First Sight\" instantly became a concert favorite.", "Kix (band) __knowledge__ \"Kix Are for Kids\" creatively merged the name of the band with two popular cereals of the 1960s and 1970s, Kix (that featured an atomic bomb commercial) and the Trix Rabbit (\"Silly rabbit, Trix are for kids!\").", "Sparbu Station __knowledge__ Sparbu Station () is a railway station located in the village of Sparbu in the municipality of Steinkjer in Nord-Trøndelag county, Norway.", "Sparbu Station __knowledge__ It is located along the Nordland Line and the station serves the Sparbu and Mære areas of Steinkjer.", "Sparbu Station __knowledge__ The unmanned station is only served by the Trøndelag Commuter Rail service between Steinkjer and Trondheim, and is located near the E6 highway.", "Sparbu Station __knowledge__ The station was built as part of Hell–Sunnan Line and opened on 15 November 1905 along with the rest of the line north of Verdalsøra.", "Sparbu Station __knowledge__ The original station included three tracks, the extra two were and long, respectively.", "Kix (cereal) __knowledge__ Kix (stylized as \"KiX\") is a brand of American cold breakfast cereal introduced in 1937 by the General Mills company of Golden Valley, Minnesota.", "Kix (cereal) __knowledge__ The product is an extruded, expanded puffed-grain cereal made with cornmeal.", "Kix (cereal) __knowledge__ General Mills introduced Berry Berry Kix in 1992 and Honey Kix in 2009.", "Kix (cereal) __knowledge__ In Original Kix, total sugars are about 10% by weight, which is about 3 grams of sugar per serving.", "Kix (cereal) __knowledge__ Honey Kix has 6 grams of sugar, Berry Berry Kix 7 grams.", "Kix (cereal) __knowledge__ The grain is processed and expanded (water is added and the corn is pulverized).", "Kix (cereal) __knowledge__ Cooking of Kix occurs in the extruder, then the dough is formed into the desired shape by extrusion through a die.", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" is a song by the Los Angeles folk rock band the Byrds, first released in June 1965 on the B-side of the band's second single, \"All I Really Want to Do\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ It was also included on the Byrds' debut album, \"Mr. Tambourine Man\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Written by Gene Clark, who also sings the lead vocal, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" features some of the Byrds' early musical trademarks, including Jim McGuinn's jangling 12-string Rickenbacker guitar; Clark's pounding tambourine; McGuinn, Clark, and David Crosby's complex harmony singing; and a country-influenced guitar solo.", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Although it was initially released as a B-side, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" was itself heavily promoted by Columbia Records during the time that \"All I Really Want to Do\" spent on the \"Billboard\" charts.", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ Harold Eugene \"Gene\" Clark (November 17, 1944 – May 24, 1991) was an American singer-songwriter and founding member of the folk rock band the Byrds.", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ He was the Byrds' principal songwriter between 1964 and early 1966, writing most of the band's best-known originals from this period, including \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\", \"She Don't Care About Time\", and \"Set You Free This Time\".", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ Although he did not achieve commercial success as a solo artist, Clark was in the vanguard of popular music during much of his career, prefiguring developments in such disparate subgenres as psychedelic rock, baroque pop, newgrass, country rock, and alternative country.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ The 2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ This was the program's 120th overall season, 83rd as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), and 25th within the SEC Eastern Division.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ The Volunteers played their home games at Neyland Stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee and were led by fourth-year head coach Butch Jones.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ They finished the season 9–4, 4–4 in SEC play to finish in a three-way tie for second place in the Eastern Division.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ They were invited to the Music City Bowl where they defeated Nebraska.", "2016 Tennessee Volunteers football team __knowledge__ The 2015 Tennessee Volunteers football team started off their season with a 59–30 victory over the Bowling Green Falcons.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ Casey Dellacqua ( ; born 11 February 1985) is an Australian professional tennis player of Italian and Irish descent.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ Dellacqua's best singles results to date have been semifinal appearances at the 2012 Texas Tennis Open and 2014 Aegon Classic, a quarterfinal finish at the 2014 BNP Paribas Open and fourth round appearances at the 2008 Australian Open, 2014 Australian Open and the 2014 US Open.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ Dellacqua's career highlights, however, have all come in doubles.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ To date, she has won seven WTA doubles titles and one grand slam mixed doubles title at the 2011 French Open.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ While she is yet to win a grand slam title in women's doubles, she has reached the finals of all four grand slam events in this discipline, finishing as the runner-up at the 2008 French Open with Italian Francesca Schiavone and 2013 Australian Open, 2013 Wimbledon Championships and 2013 US Open with compatriot Ashleigh Barty.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "2016 Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race __knowledge__ The 2016 Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race held on August 20-21, 2016 at Bristol Motor Speedway in Bristol, Tennessee.", "2016 Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race __knowledge__ 48 laps were completed during the evening of August 20 before the race was stopped due to rain and completed on August 21, 2016.", "2016 Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race __knowledge__ Contested over 500 laps on the short track, it was the 23rd race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season.", "2016 Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick scored his third win of the season, The race had eight lead changes among different drivers and nine cautions for 106 laps, as well as 3 red flags for a total of 8 hours, 21 minutes and 4 seconds.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002)." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 11, 0, 0 ]

[ "I have been to Florida, I actually used to live there in the land of the flowers", "I lived near Tallahassee, the state capital. I personally hated it", "Florida was just a low point for me, I did not want to move there either", "I am doing a lot better now, thank you!", "The beaches are great, but the heat is way too hot and unbearable" ]

[ "Florida", "Florida", "Florida", "Florida", "Florida" ]

[ "Snowboarding\nSnowboarding is so cool, I really wish I could go more often!", "Snowboarding", "Not much, I'll tell you what! One of my favorite snow boarders is Shaun White, have you heard of him?", "Oh yes, it is, I love watching it on the olympics" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding, the snowboarding arm of the United States Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA), is committed to the progression of snowboarding by providing athletic programs, services, and competitions for male and female athletes of all ages, coast-to-coast.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ The ultimate goal for U.S. Snowboarding is clear: American riders on the Olympic podium.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding is the most successful international snowboarding program over the last 10 years and the most successful USSA Olympic program.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ Since the inclusion of snowboarding as a medal sport in 1998, U.S. Snowboarding has accounted for 14 Olympic medals, including the historic sweep of the podium in men’s halfpipe in 2002 and a best in the world performance of seven medals in 2006.", "Milton Friedman __knowledge__ Milton Friedman (; July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and the complexity of stabilization policy.", "Milton Friedman __knowledge__ With George Stigler and others, Friedman was among the intellectual leaders of the second generation of Chicago price theory, a methodological movement at the University of Chicago's Department of Economics, Law School, and Graduate School of Business from the 1940s onward.", "Milton Friedman __knowledge__ Several students and young professors that were recruited or mentored by Friedman at Chicago went on to become leading economists; they include Gary Becker, Robert Fogel, Thomas Sowell, and Robert Lucas Jr. Friedman's challenges to what he later called \"naive Keynesian\" theory began with his 1950s reinterpretation of the consumption function.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Fury (DJ) __knowledge__ Steve Blakley (born Rochester, New York), also known by his alias Fury (formerly DJ Fury) is an American DJ, rave promoter, and former professional snowboarder based in Denver, Colorado.", "Fury (DJ) __knowledge__ In the 1980s and 1990s he was sponsored by Barfoot and Division 23 as an athlete, traveling to international snowboarding expos and competing in contests such as the U.S. Snowboarding Open.", "Fury (DJ) __knowledge__ He began DJing as DJ Fury in 1992, adopting the styles of hardcore techno, drum and bass, breakbeat, and jungle.", "Fury (DJ) __knowledge__ In 2000 the publication \"Denver Westword\" called him \"Denver's premier jungle DJ.\"", "Fury (DJ) __knowledge__ He tours frequently to festivals such as Electric Daisy Carnival, Paradiso, and Electric Forest Festival, often in collaboration with MC Dino, and as of 2014 is a resident DJ for Reload Productions, Beta Nightclub & Bassrush.", "The Flowers of Romance (album) __knowledge__ The Flowers of Romance is the third studio album by English experimental rock band Public Image Ltd, released on 10 April 1981 by record label Virgin.", "The Flowers of Romance (album) __knowledge__ The first studio album recorded since the departure of founding bassist Jah Wobble, \"The Flowers of Romance\" found PiL delving further into an experimental sound.", "The Flowers of Romance (album) __knowledge__ \"Flowers\" was recorded mainly by singer John Lydon and guitarist Keith Levene, both of whom made heavy use of percussion and various tape and processing effects.", "The Flowers of Romance (album) __knowledge__ Recording began at The Manor Studio in Shipton-on-Cherwell, England with two weeks booked around early October 1980.", "The Flowers of Romance (album) __knowledge__ Only one album track was recorded towards the end of these sessions (\"Hymie's Him\").", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ Terje Håkonsen (born 11 October 1974 in Vinje, Norway) is a Norwegian professional snowboarder.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He is considered one of the most influential snowboarders in the history of the sport.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ In the book \"The way of the snowboarder\", Rob Reed wrote that \"Haakonsen took the young sport of snowboarding and revolutionized nearly every aspect of it\".", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ Håkonsen dominated freestyle competitions during the 1990s.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He won the International Snowboarding Federation (ISF) World Championship in halfpipe three times: 1993, 1995 and 1997.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He won the European Championship in halfpipe each and every time he participated (1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1997)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding, the snowboarding arm of the United States Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA), is committed to the progression of snowboarding by providing athletic programs, services, and competitions for male and female athletes of all ages, coast-to-coast.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ The ultimate goal for U.S. Snowboarding is clear: American riders on the Olympic podium.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding is the most successful international snowboarding program over the last 10 years and the most successful USSA Olympic program.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ Since the inclusion of snowboarding as a medal sport in 1998, U.S. Snowboarding has accounted for 14 Olympic medals, including the historic sweep of the podium in men’s halfpipe in 2002 and a best in the world performance of seven medals in 2006.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ Terje Håkonsen (born 11 October 1974 in Vinje, Norway) is a Norwegian professional snowboarder.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He is considered one of the most influential snowboarders in the history of the sport.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ In the book \"The way of the snowboarder\", Rob Reed wrote that \"Haakonsen took the young sport of snowboarding and revolutionized nearly every aspect of it\".", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ Håkonsen dominated freestyle competitions during the 1990s.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He won the International Snowboarding Federation (ISF) World Championship in halfpipe three times: 1993, 1995 and 1997.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He won the European Championship in halfpipe each and every time he participated (1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1997).", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards are boards where both feet are secured to the same board, which are wider than skis, with the ability to glide on snow.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards widths are between 6 to 12 inches or 15 to 30 centimeters.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards are differentiated from monoskis by the stance of the user.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ In monoskiing, the user stands with feet inline with direction of travel (facing tip of monoski/downhill) (parallel to long axis of board), whereas in snowboarding, users stand with feet transverse (more or less) to the longitude of the board.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Users of such equipment may be referred to as \"snowboarder\"s. \"Commercial snowboards\" generally require extra equipment such as bindings and special boots which help secure both feet of a snowboarder, who generally rides in an upright position.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ 1080° Snowboarding is a snowboard racing video game developed by Nintendo EAD and published by Nintendo.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was released in 1998 for the Nintendo 64, and was re-released in 2008 for the Wii's Virtual Console.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ In the game, the player controls one of five snowboarders from a third-person perspective, using a combination of buttons to jump and perform tricks over eight levels.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ \"1080°\" was announced on 21 November 1997 and developed over nine months; it garnered critical acclaim and won an Interactive Achievement Award from the Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ \"1080°\" sold over a million units, and a second installment, \"1080° Avalanche\", was released for the Nintendo GameCube on 28 November 2003.", "Freeriding __knowledge__ Freeriding is a style of snowboarding performed on natural, un-groomed terrain, without a set course, goals or rules.", "Freeriding __knowledge__ It evolved throughout the sport's formative early years as a contrary response to the highly regimented style of ski competition prevalent at the time.", "Freeriding __knowledge__ Snowboarders primarily refer to freeriding as backcountry, sidecountry, or off-piste snowboarding, and sometimes big mountain or extreme riding.", "Freeriding __knowledge__ Freeriding incorporates various aspects of snowboarding into a style that adapts to the variations and challenges of natural, off-piste terrain, and eschews man-made features such as jumps, rails, half-pipes, or groomed snow.", "Anadia, Portugal __knowledge__ Anadia () is a municipality in Portugal.", "Anadia, Portugal __knowledge__ The population in 2011 was 29,150, in an area of 216.63 km².", "Anadia, Portugal __knowledge__ It had 26,915 eligible voters.", "Anadia, Portugal __knowledge__ The city of Anadia is part of Arcos parish.", "Anadia, Portugal __knowledge__ The city itself had a population of 3,034 in 2001, while Arcos parish has about 5,000.", "Anadia, Portugal __knowledge__ The history of the municipality is poorly documented before the Roman era, although some vestiges of early Paleolithic (Monte Crasto, Carvalhais and Vila Nova de Monsarros), Neolithic (Moita) and Iron Age (Monte Crasto) artifacts have been studied in this area.", "Anadia, Portugal __knowledge__ But remnants of Roman era artifacts have been isolated in many parts of the municipality, including Aguim, Avelãs de Caminho, Avelãs de Cima, Mogofores, Moita, Óis do Bairro, São Lourenço do Bairro, Vila Nova de Monsarros, Vilarinho do Bairro and, especially, in Anadia (Monte Crasto) and Sangalhos.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a means of transportation.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved, sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing.", "Avalanche __knowledge__ An avalanche (also called a snowslide) is a rapid flow of snow down a sloping surface.", "Avalanche __knowledge__ Avalanches are typically triggered in a starting zone from a mechanical failure in the snowpack (slab avalanche) when the forces on the snow exceed its strength but sometimes only with gradually widening (loose snow avalanche).", "Avalanche __knowledge__ After initiation, avalanches usually accelerate rapidly and grow in mass and volume as they entrain more snow.", "Avalanche __knowledge__ If the avalanche moves fast enough some of the snow may mix with the air forming a powder snow avalanche, which is a type of gravity current.", "Avalanche __knowledge__ Slides of rocks or debris, behaving in a similar way to snow, are also referred to as avalanches (see rockslide).", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ A snowshoe is footwear for walking over snow.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Snowshoes work by distributing the weight of the person over a larger area so that the person's foot does not sink completely into the snow, a quality called \"flotation\".", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Snowshoeing is a form of hiking.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Traditional snowshoes have a hardwood frame with rawhide lacings.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Some modern snowshoes are similar, but most are made of materials such as lightweight metal, plastic, and synthetic fabric.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ In addition to distributing the weight, snowshoes are generally raised at the toe for maneuverability.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ They must not accumulate snow, hence the latticework, and require bindings to attach them to the feet.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ Shaun Roger White (born September 3, 1986) is an American professional snowboarder and skateboarder.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ He is a two-time Olympic gold medalist.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ He holds the record for the most X-Games gold medals and has won 10 ESPY Awards.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ White was born in San Diego, California.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ His ancestry includes Irish and Italian.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ He was born with a Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect for which he endured two open-heart operations before the age of one.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ He stands 5'8\" (1.73 m) tall.", "Shaun White __knowledge__ White spent his formative years riding Okemo Mountain and Bear Mountain, small ski resorts found in Ludlow, Vermont, and the San Bernardino Mountains of Southern California.", "Shaun White Snowboarding __knowledge__ Shaun White Snowboarding is a sports video game for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, Wii, Nintendo DS, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Xbox 360 systems.", "Shaun White Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed by Ubisoft Montreal, published by Ubisoft, and released in 2008.", "Shaun White Snowboarding __knowledge__ The Wii edition of the game, Shaun White Snowboarding: Road Trip, was developed from the ground up for the system, taking full advantage of the Wii Balance Board accessory and featuring its own unique storyline and adventure with Shaun White.", "Shaun White Snowboarding __knowledge__ There are six mountains in \"Shaun White Snowboarding\", including Alaska, Park City, Europe and Japan.", "Survivor Philippines: Palau __knowledge__ Survivor Philippines: Palau is the second season of the Philippine version of the reality television series \"Survivor\".", "Survivor Philippines: Palau __knowledge__ The show started airing on August 17, 2009 on GMA Network.", "Survivor Philippines: Palau __knowledge__ Auditions were held in key cities in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao.", "Survivor Philippines: Palau __knowledge__ The winner will receive ₱3,000,000 (around US$65,000), the largest ever cash prize in the history of Philippine reality game shows, and the title \"Pinoy Sole Survivor\".", "Survivor Philippines: Palau __knowledge__ Paolo Bediones returned as the host of the show.", "Survivor Philippines: Palau __knowledge__ Reports of the season being shot in Palau were leaked by local media in the said country when its president, Johnson Toribiong, reversed an order which required members of the Philippine crew to pay US$500 each, saying that the fee was discriminatory and his actions were the result for his desire to promote tourism in his country.", "Shaun White Skateboarding __knowledge__ Shaun White Skateboarding is a skateboarding game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Microsoft Windows, released in 2010.", "Shaun White Skateboarding __knowledge__ It is the third title in the \"Shaun White\" series.", "Shaun White Skateboarding __knowledge__ The following is the complete soundtrack listing from Shaun White Skateboarding.", "Shaun White Skateboarding __knowledge__ The soundtrack of the game was released in 2010 and contains 55 songs by Charm City Devils, Green Day, Kiss, and more.", "Shaun White Skateboarding __knowledge__ The game received \"mixed or average reviews\" on all platforms according to video game review aggregator Metacritic.", "Shaun White Skateboarding __knowledge__ In Japan, \"Famitsu\" gave the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions a score of one eight, one seven, and two eights, for a total of 31 out of 40.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Finnegans Wake is a work of avant-garde comic fiction by Irish writer James Joyce.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ It is significant for its experimental style and reputation as one of the most difficult works of fiction in the English language.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Written in Paris over a period of seventeen years and published in 1939, two years before the author's death, \"Finnegans Wake\" was Joyce's final work.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ The entire book is written in a largely idiosyncratic language, which blends standard English lexical items and neologistic multilingual puns and portmanteau words to unique effect.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Many critics believe the technique was Joyce's attempt to recreate the experience of sleep and dreams.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games.", "2012 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ The 2012 Summer Paralympics, the 14th Summer Paralympic Games, and also more generally known as the London 2012 Paralympic Games, were a major international multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), that took place in London, United Kingdom from 29 August to 9 September 2012.", "2012 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ These Paralympics were one of the largest multi-sport events ever held in the United Kingdom after the 2012 Summer Olympics, and were the largest Paralympics ever: 4,302 athletes from 164 National Paralympic Committees participated, with fourteen countries appearing in the Paralympics for the first time ever.", "Australia at the 2000 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ Australia was the host nation for the 2000 Summer Paralympics which was held in Sydney.", "Australia at the 2000 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ Australia competed in the games between the 18 and 29 October.", "Australia at the 2000 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ The team consisted of 285 athletes in 18 sports with 148 officials.", "Australia at the 2000 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ It was the country's largest ever Paralympic delegation to a Games.", "Australia at the 2000 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ Australia has participated at every Summer Paralympic Games since its inception.", "Australia at the 2000 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ Australia finished at the top of the medal tally with 63 gold, 39 silver and 47 bronze medals to total 149 medals for the games.", "Australia at the 2000 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ This was the first time and the only time to date that Australia has finished on top of either an Olympic or Paralympic medal tally.", "Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ Australia competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics Games in London, United Kingdom from 29 August to 9 September 2012.", "Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ The London Games were the biggest Games with 164 nations participating, 19 more than in the 2008 Beijing Paralympic.", "Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ Australia has participated at every Summer Paralympic Games and hosted the 2000 Sydney Games.", "Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ As such, the 2000 Sydney Games, regarded as one of the more successful Games, became a point-of-reference and an inspiration in the development of the 2012 London Games.", "Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics __knowledge__ Australia finished 5th in the final medal count with 85 medals: 32 gold medals, 23 silver medals and 30 bronze medals.", "Paralympic sports __knowledge__ The Paralympic sports comprise all the sports contested in the Summer and Winter Paralympic Games.", "Paralympic sports __knowledge__ As of 2016, the Summer Paralympics was included 22 sports and 526 medal events, and the Winter Paralympics include 5 sports and disciplines and about 72 events.", "Paralympic sports __knowledge__ The number and kinds of events may change from one Paralympic Games to another.", "Paralympic sports __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games are a major international multi-sport event for athletes with physical disabilities.", "Paralympic sports __knowledge__ This includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy.", "Paralympic sports __knowledge__ Paralympic sports refers to organized competitive sporting activities as part of the global Paralympic movement.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding, the snowboarding arm of the United States Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA), is committed to the progression of snowboarding by providing athletic programs, services, and competitions for male and female athletes of all ages, coast-to-coast.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ The ultimate goal for U.S. Snowboarding is clear: American riders on the Olympic podium.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding is the most successful international snowboarding program over the last 10 years and the most successful USSA Olympic program.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ Since the inclusion of snowboarding as a medal sport in 1998, U.S. Snowboarding has accounted for 14 Olympic medals, including the historic sweep of the podium in men’s halfpipe in 2002 and a best in the world performance of seven medals in 2006." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ LaRon Louis James (born February 18, 1982), better known by his stage name Juelz Santana, is an American rapper and actor.", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ He is from the Harlem neighborhood in New York City, and is a member of East Coast hip hop group The Diplomats.", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ He appeared on Cam'ron's 2002 singles, \"Oh Boy\" and \"Hey Ma\".", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ In 2003, his debut album \"From Me to U\" was released by Roc-A-Fella Records; his next album \"What the Game's Been Missing!\"", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ contained the top-ten single \"There It Go (The Whistle Song)\".", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ He is currently working on his third studio album \"Born to Lose, Built to Win\".", "Juelz Santana __knowledge__ LaRon James was born in New York City, to an African-American father & a Dominican mother.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born in 1934 in West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Scott is a contemporary self-taught artist whose work began to be recognized in the United States in the late 1980s.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ Lorenzo Scott was born on July 23, 1934 in the small, bustling mill village and railroad hub of West Point, Georgia.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ When his mother, who worked in the fields supplying cotton to the local mills, lost her job during the Depression, the family moved to Atlanta in search of work.", "Lorenzo Scott __knowledge__ One of eleven children, Lorenzo tells of a time in his youth when he first saw his mother make a sketch, and knew even at an early age that he wanted to be able to draw like that.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ Numbertime is a BBC educational numeracy television series for primary schools that was aired on BBC Two from 20 September 1993 to 3 December 2001.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ For its first four series, it was presented by Lolita Chakrabarti.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ El Nombre, an animated character from \"Numbertime\", eventually became the concept for another educational BBC children's television program; his name means \"The Name\" in Spanish, and not \"The Number\", which would be \"El Número\".", "Numbertime __knowledge__ The third line of his opening song and his farewell catchphrase were also changed several times during the series' run, to reflect their focus - however, the original ones (\"Writing numbers in the desert sand\" which was also used for the seventh series, and \"Adios amigos, and keep counting\" which was also used for the fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth series) remain the most famous.", "Carl Cox __knowledge__ Carl Cox (born 29 July 1962) is a British DJ, and house and techno producer.", "Carl Cox __knowledge__ In the 1980s, Cox was a breakbeat hardcore DJ, and became a mainstage DJ in the electronica industry.", "Carl Cox __knowledge__ He has performed at numerous clubs and events worldwide and has served as a monthly DJ for BBC Radio 1's \"Essential Mix\".", "Carl Cox __knowledge__ He has hosted a residency known as 'Music is Revolution' every summer season at the world renowned nightclub, Space Ibiza, from 2001 to 2016.", "Carl Cox __knowledge__ He runs the record label, Intec Digital, which was founded in 1999 as Intec Records.", "Carl Cox __knowledge__ Cox also had his own radio show, entitled 'Global'.", "Carl Cox __knowledge__ In 2017 he announced that from February onwards he would no longer work on the show.", "Kyle Snyder (wrestler) __knowledge__ Kyle Frederick Snyder (born November 20, 1995) is an American amateur wrestler.", "Kyle Snyder (wrestler) __knowledge__ He is both the youngest Olympic gold medalist as well as the youngest World Champion in American wrestling history.", "Kyle Snyder (wrestler) __knowledge__ Snyder is also the youngest wrestler ever to win the World, NCAA, and Olympic championships in the same year — a sweep that hadn't been accomplished in a generation when he completed this triple crown of American wrestling at the 2016 Rio Olympics.", "Kyle Snyder (wrestler) __knowledge__ Snyder then made more history by becoming the first Olympic gold medalist to return to college and win an NCAA wrestling championship, clinching his second consecutive NCAA heavyweight title in 2017 despite sustaining a rib injury in the quarter-finals and being out-weighed by upwards of 40 pounds throughout the tournament.", "Florida Gators __knowledge__ The Florida Gators are the intercollegiate sports teams that represent the University of Florida located in Gainesville, Florida.", "Florida Gators __knowledge__ The University of Florida, its athletic program, its alumni and its sports fans are often collectively referred to as the \"Gator Nation.\"", "Florida Gators __knowledge__ The Gators compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and are consistently ranked among the top college sports programs in the United States.", "Florida Gators __knowledge__ The University of Florida currently fields teams in nine men's sports and twelve women's sports.", "Florida Gators __knowledge__ All Florida Gators sports teams compete in NCAA Division I, and twenty of the twenty-one Gators teams compete in the SEC.", "Armen Nazaryan __knowledge__ Armen Nazaryan (, born 9 March 1974) is an Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler who later represented Bulgaria.", "Armen Nazaryan __knowledge__ Nazaryan is a two-time Olympic Champion (1996, 2000), a three-time World Champion (2002, 2003, 2005), and a six-time European Champion (1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2003).", "Armen Nazaryan __knowledge__ After Armenia regained independence in 1991, Nazaryan became the first Olympic gold medalist for the country.", "Armen Nazaryan __knowledge__ He was recognized by the FILA as the best wrestler of the year in 1998 and 2003.", "Armen Nazaryan __knowledge__ In 2007, Nazaryan was inducted as a member of the FILA Hall of Fame.", "Armen Nazaryan __knowledge__ Nazaryan was born on 9 March 1974 in Masis, Armenia.", "Armen Nazaryan __knowledge__ He started wrestling at the age of eight under the coaching of Robert Nersesyan and entered the Yerevan Sports School in 1987.", "Dawn Harper-Nelson __knowledge__ Dawn Harper-Nelson (born May 13, 1984) is an American track and field athlete who specializes in the 100-meter hurdles.", "Dawn Harper-Nelson __knowledge__ She was the gold medalist in the event at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the silver medalist in the 2012 London Olympic Games and the 2017 World Championships.", "Dawn Harper-Nelson __knowledge__ Dawn Harper is the first American 100-meter hurdler to ever win gold at an Olympics and medal in the following Olympics.", "Dawn Harper-Nelson __knowledge__ She is trained by Bob Kersee, husband of Jackie Joyner-Kersee, six time Olympic medalist also from her hometown of East St. Louis, Illinois.", "Dawn Harper-Nelson __knowledge__ In high school, Dawn showed much promise in the sport by winning her first IHSA 2A State Championship and breaking the Illinois State record in the 100m hurdles her freshman year with a time of 14.03.", "United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The United States, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, from August 5 to 21, 2016.", "United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ U.S. athletes have appeared in every Summer Olympics edition of the modern era, with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, which they boycotted.", "United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The 2016 Olympics were the third most successful for the United States as far as the medal count (121) and the most successful not held in the United States: St. Louis had 239 total medals won in 1904, and Los Angeles had 174 in 1984.", "United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ These Games also witnessed the thousandth Summer Olympic gold medal for the Americans.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ This article is about the athletics in Jamaica from the early 20th century to the present.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ In 80 years, Jamaica has won 42 Commonwealth Golds, 14 World Championship Golds and 17 Olympic gold medals in athletics alone.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica has a population of 2.85 million people, making it the 137th most populous country in the world.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Some of the first noted sprinters of Jamaican origin were Alfred R. Downer and G. C. Foster.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Downer was Scottish national champion in the 100, 220, and 440 yards events for three consecutive years from 1893, but later lost his amateur status, preventing him from participating further.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica () is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic).", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Previously inhabited by the indigenous Arawak and Taíno peoples, the island came under Spanish rule following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Many of the indigenous people died of disease, and the Spanish transplanted African slaves to Jamaica as labourers.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Named \"\", the island remained a possession of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) conquered it and renamed it Jamaica." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 10, 3 ]

[ "that's such a cool recreational activity! What can be better than descending a snow-covered slope?", "Snowboarding is also Olympic and Paralympic sport!", "Yes, i've heard of him! He is a two-time Olympic gold medalist", "IT was developed in the United States in 1960" ]

[ "Snowboarding", "Snowboarding", "Snowboarding", "Snowboarding" ]

[ "Chevrolet Corvette\ni always wanted to buy a corvette but i don't know anything about that car other than it looks good", "cool! Is it an American car? or Japanese?", "that's what i like. Do you know when this car was first produced?", "what is solid axle models" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Pixar franchise \"Cars\", as well as the Disney franchise \"Planes\", which is set in the same fictional universe: Lightning McQueen, often referred to as \"McQueen\", is the main character in \"Cars\" and \"Cars 3\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Owen Wilson.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ McQueen is not modeled directly after a specific make and model, although his design contains some elements inspired by the Chevrolet Corvette C6.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ His Corvette lineage is further suggested by the \"retro\" paint scheme he acquires in Radiator Springs, which resembles that of a Corvette C1.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ Mack (voiced by John Ratzenberger) is a 1985 Mack Super-Liner bearing license plate \"RUSTEZ3\".", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ The North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) is an annual auto show held in Detroit, Michigan at Cobo Center, usually in January.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ It is among the largest auto shows in North America.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ In 1899, William E. Metzger helped organize the Detroit Auto Show, only the second of its kind.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ The next year, he helped stage the New York Auto Show in New York's Madison Square Garden.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ An auto show was held in Detroit in 1907 at Beller's Beer Garden at Riverside Park and since then annually except 1941-1953.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ During the shows first decades of existence it portrayed only a regional focus.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ In 1957 international carmakers exhibited for the first time.", "American Car Company __knowledge__ The American Car Company was a streetcar manufacturing company based in St. Louis, Missouri, United States.", "American Car Company __knowledge__ It was one of the country's leading streetcar builders during the heyday of streetcar operation.", "American Car Company __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1891 by William Sutton and Emil Alexander, who had previously founded the Laclede Car Company in 1883 also in St. Louis, and had both got their start working in the streetcar business at St. Louis' horsecar manufacturer, the Brownell Car Company.", "American Car Company __knowledge__ The American Car Company was a builder of electric powered streetcars.", "American Car Company __knowledge__ ACC was bought out by the J. G. Brill Company of Philadelphia in 1902.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Car __knowledge__ A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.", "Car __knowledge__ Most definitions of \"car\" say they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four tires, and mainly transport people rather than goods.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them.", "Car __knowledge__ The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car, when German inventor Karl Benz built his Benz Patent-Motorwagen.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars did not become widely available until the early 20th century.", "Car __knowledge__ One of the first cars that was accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ A passenger car (known as a coach or carriage in the UK, and also known as a bogie in India) is a piece of railway rolling stock that is designed to carry passengers.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ The term \"passenger car\" can also be associated with a sleeping car, baggage, dining, railway post office and prisoner transport cars.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ Up until about the end of the 19th century, most passenger cars were constructed of wood.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ The first passenger trains did not travel very far, but they were able to haul many more passengers for a longer distance than any wagons pulled by horses.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ As railways were first constructed in England, so too were the first passenger cars.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ Muscle car is an American term used to refer to a variety of high-performance automobiles.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ The \"Merriam-Webster\" dictionary defines muscle cars as \"any of a group of American-made 2-door sports cars with powerful engines designed for high-performance driving.\"", "Muscle car __knowledge__ A large V8 engine is fitted in a 2-door, rear wheel drive, family-style compact, mid-size or full-size car designed for four or more passengers.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ Sold at an affordable price, muscle cars are intended for street use and occasional drag racing.", "Muscle car __knowledge__ They are distinct from two-seat sports cars and expensive 2+2 GTs intended for high-speed touring and road racing.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Pontiac is a now-defunct car brand that was owned, made, and sold by General Motors.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Introduced as a companion make for GM's more expensive line of Oakland automobiles, Pontiac overtook Oakland in popularity and supplanted its parent brand entirely by 1933.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Sold in the United States, Canada, and Mexico by GM, Pontiac was advertised as the performance division of General Motors from the 1960s onward.", "Pontiac __knowledge__ Amid late 2000s financial problems and restructuring efforts, GM announced in 2008 it would follow the same path with Pontiac as it had with Oldsmobile in 2004 and discontinued manufacturing and marketing vehicles under that brand by the end of 2010.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ New Zealand had a long history of small garages and vehicle enthusiasts modifying and creating sports and sports racing cars.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ Out of these interests grew the New Zealand kit and replica car industry with the introduction of fibre-glass car bodies in the 1950s.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ In the early 1950s, with the advent of fibreglass bodied cars, a new opportunity arose for local companies associated with car enthusiasts to create car bodies.", "Kit and replica cars of New Zealand __knowledge__ Among the first of these early manufacturers was Weltex Plastics Limited of Christchurch, which imported a Microplas Mistral sports car mould and began making bodies and chassis in 1956, along with Brian Jarvis.", "Sports car __knowledge__ A sports car, or sportscar, is a small, usually two-seater, two-door automobile designed for spirited performance and nimble handling.", "Sports car __knowledge__ The term \"sports car\" was used in \"The Times\", London in 1919.", "Sports car __knowledge__ According to USA's Merriam-Webster dictionary, USA's first known use of the term was in 1928.", "Sports car __knowledge__ Sports cars started to become popular during the 1920s.", "Sports car __knowledge__ Sports cars may be spartan or luxurious, but high maneuverability and light weight are requisite.", "Sports car __knowledge__ Sports cars are usually aerodynamically shaped (since the 1950s), and have a low center of gravity compared to standard models.", "Sports car __knowledge__ Steering and suspension are typically designed for precise control at high speeds.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929.", "Veskanda C1 __knowledge__ The Veskanda C1 (more commonly known as just \"Veskanda\") is a on-off, Australian designed and built, mid-engined closed top racing car built in 1985 to CAMS Group A Sports Car specifications.", "Veskanda C1 __knowledge__ Powered by a Chevrolet V8 engine, the car is generally regarded as the fastest sports car ever built in Australia and as of 2016 remains one of Australia's fastest race cars.", "Veskanda C1 __knowledge__ In December 1984, Australia held its first ever FIA World Championship motor racing event, a 1000 km World Sportscar Championship event at Melbourne's Sandown Raceway (pre-dating the 1985 Australian Grand Prix Formula One race in Adelaide by 11 months).", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ Antoine Rizkallah Kanaan \"Tony\" Filho (born 31 December 1974), more commonly known as Tony Kanaan, is a Brazilian racing driver.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ Kanaan won the 2013 Indianapolis 500 and the 2004 IndyCar Series championship.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ In that season he completed 3,305 laps, making him the first IndyCar Series driver to complete every possible lap in a season.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ He also led 889 laps in 13 separate races to establish an IndyCar Series record.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ He is also the only driver to lead the Indianapolis 500 in each of his first seven starts, and won his first race on his 12th attempt.", "Tony Kanaan __knowledge__ Kanaan has a total of 17 career race wins and 15 pole-positions in the IndyCar Series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defence technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ Also of note is the fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the \"age\" of its introduction.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defense technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ Most technologies diffused in Canada came from other places; only a small number actually originated in Canada.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ For more about those with a Canadian origin, see Invention in Canada.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Nissan Skyline (Japanese: 日産・スカイライン \"Nissan Sukairain\") is a line of compact cars, sports cars and compact executive cars originally produced by the Prince Motor Company starting in 1957, and then by Nissan after the two companies merged in 1967.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ After the merger, the Skyline and its larger counterpart, the Nissan Gloria, were sold in Japan at dealership sales channels called \"Nissan Prince Shop.\"", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Skyline was largely designed and engineered by Shinichro Sakurai from inception, and he remained a chief influence of the car until his death in 2011.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ Skylines are available in either coupe, or sedan body styles, plus station wagon, crossover, convertible and pickup/sedan delivery body styles.", "Phyllis Nagy __knowledge__ Phyllis Nagy (born November 7, 1962) is an American theatre and film director, screenwriter and playwright.", "Phyllis Nagy __knowledge__ In 2006, Nagy was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for writing and directing \"Mrs. Harris\" (2005), her screen debut.", "Phyllis Nagy __knowledge__ In 2016, Nagy received an Academy Award nomination, among numerous other accolades, for Best Adapted Screenplay for the 2015 film \"Carol\".", "Phyllis Nagy __knowledge__ Nagy was born in New York City, New York.", "Phyllis Nagy __knowledge__ Nagy moved to London in 1992, where her playwriting career began in earnest at the Royal Court Theatre under the artistic direction of Stephen Daldry for whom she served as the Royal Court's writer-in-residence in the mid-1990s.", "Oren Safdie __knowledge__ Oren Safdie (born April 20, 1965) is a Canadian-American-Israeli playwright and screenwriter, and the son of architect Moshe Safdie.", "Oren Safdie __knowledge__ Oren Safdie originally planned to become an architect like his father Moshe Safdie.", "Oren Safdie __knowledge__ He obtained a master of architecture degree, attending the Graduate School of Architecture at Columbia University in New York.", "Oren Safdie __knowledge__ This was an attempt, he explained, \"to get closer to my dad.\"", "Oren Safdie __knowledge__ During his final semester there, he took an elective playwriting course and was hooked on it after winning a competition run by the Columbia Dramatists.", "Oren Safdie __knowledge__ He wrote a 10-minute scene, drawing on his experience at Columbia presenting a design to a jury of critics, which involved three ego-driven architects and one student.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador was the top-of-the-line automobile produced by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) from 1958 until 1974.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The vehicle was known as the AMC Ambassador, Ambassador V-8 by Rambler, and Rambler Ambassador at various times during its tenure in production.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Previously, the name Ambassador had applied to Nash's \"senior\" full-size cars.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ The Ambassador nameplate was used continuously from 1927 until 1974 (the name being a top-level trim line between 1927 and 1931); at the time it was discontinued, Ambassador was the longest continuously used nameplate in automotive history.", "AMC Ambassador __knowledge__ Most Ambassador models were built in Kenosha, Wisconsin.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ The Flint water crisis began in 2014 when the drinking water source for the city of Flint, Michigan was changed to the Flint River.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ Due to insufficient water treatment, over 100,000 residents were potentially exposed to high levels of lead in the drinking water.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ After a pair of scientific studies proved lead contamination was present in the water supply, a federal state of emergency was declared in January 2016 and Flint residents were instructed to use only bottled or filtered water for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and bathing.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ As of early 2017, the water quality had returned to acceptable levels; however, residents were instructed to continue to use bottled or filtered water until all the lead pipes have been replaced, which is expected to be completed no sooner than 2020.", "Flint, Michigan __knowledge__ Flint is the largest city and county seat of Genesee County, Michigan, United States.", "Flint, Michigan __knowledge__ Located along the Flint River, northwest of Detroit, it is a principal city within the region known as Mid Michigan.", "Flint, Michigan __knowledge__ According to the 2010 census, Flint has a population of 102,434, making it the seventh largest city in Michigan.", "Flint, Michigan __knowledge__ The Flint metropolitan area is located entirely within Genesee County.", "Flint, Michigan __knowledge__ It is the fourth largest metropolitan area in Michigan with a population of 425,790 in 2010.", "Flint, Michigan __knowledge__ The city was incorporated in 1855.", "Flint, Michigan __knowledge__ Flint was founded as a village by fur trader Jacob Smith in 1819 and became a major lumbering area on the historic Saginaw Trail during the 19th century.", "St. Louis __knowledge__ St. Louis () is an independent city and major U.S. port in the state of Missouri, built along the western bank of the Mississippi River, which marks Missouri's border with Illinois.", "St. Louis __knowledge__ The city had an estimated 2016 population of 311,404, and is the cultural and economic center of the Greater St. Louis area (home to 2,916,447 people), making it the largest metropolitan area in Missouri and the 19th-largest in the United States.", "St. Louis __knowledge__ Prior to European settlement, the area was a major regional center of Native American Mississippian culture.", "St. Louis __knowledge__ The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Laclède and Auguste Chouteau, and named after Louis IX of France.", "Grand Trunk Western Railroad __knowledge__ The Grand Trunk Western Railroad Company is an American subsidiary of the Canadian National Railway operating in Michigan, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio.", "Grand Trunk Western Railroad __knowledge__ Since a corporate restructuring in 1971 the railroad has been under CN's subsidiary holding company the Grand Trunk Corporation.", "Grand Trunk Western Railroad __knowledge__ Grand Trunk Western's routes are part of CN's Midwest Division.", "Grand Trunk Western Railroad __knowledge__ Its primary mainline between Chicago, Illinois, and Port Huron, Michigan, serves as a connection between railroad interchanges in Chicago and rail lines in eastern Canada and the Northeastern United States.", "Grand Trunk Western Railroad __knowledge__ The railroad's extensive trackage in Detroit and across southern Michigan has made it an essential link for the automotive industry as a hauler of parts and automobiles from manufacturing plants.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ The history of Missouri begins with settlement of the region by indigenous people during the Paleo-Indian period beginning in about 12,000 BC.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Subsequent periods of native life emerged until the 17th century.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ New France set up small settlements, and in 1803 Napoleonic France sold the area to the U.S. as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Statehood for Missouri came following a compromise in 1820 that allowed slavery.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Settlement was rapid after 1820, aided by a network of rivers navigable by steamboats, centered in the dominant city St. Louis.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ It attracted European immigrants, especially Germans; the business community had a large Yankee element as well.", "Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove __knowledge__ Brighton and Hove, a city on the English Channel coast in southeast England, has a large and diverse stock of buildings \"unrivalled architecturally\" among the country's seaside resorts.", "Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove __knowledge__ The urban area, designated a city in 2000, is made up of the formerly separate towns of Brighton and Hove, nearby villages such as Portslade, Patcham and Rottingdean, and 20th-century estates such as Moulsecoomb and Mile Oak.", "Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove __knowledge__ The conurbation was first united in 1997 as a unitary authority and has a population of about 253,000.", "Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove __knowledge__ About half of the geographical area is classed as built up.", "Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove __knowledge__ Brighton's transformation from medieval fishing village into spa town and pleasure resort, patronised by royalty and fashionable high society, coincided with the development of Regency architecture and the careers of three architects whose work came to characterise the seafront.", "Michigan __knowledge__ Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States.", "Michigan __knowledge__ The state's name, Michigan, originates from the (Ojibwe word) \"mishigamaa\", meaning \"large water\" or \"large lake\".", "Michigan __knowledge__ Michigan is the tenth most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area, and the largest state by total area east of the Mississippi River.", "Michigan __knowledge__ Michigan's capital is Lansing, and its largest city is Detroit.", "Michigan __knowledge__ Michigan is the only state to consist of two peninsulas.", "Michigan __knowledge__ The Lower Peninsula, to which the name Michigan was originally applied, is often noted to be shaped like a mitten." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Corvette, known colloquially as the Vette or Chevy Corvette, is a sports car manufactured by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The car has been produced through seven generations.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first model, a convertible, was introduced at the GM Motorama in 1953 as a concept show car.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Myron Scott is credited for naming the car after the type of small, maneuverable warship called a corvette.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri, the Corvette is currently manufactured in Bowling Green, Kentucky and is the official sports car of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The first generation of Corvette was introduced late in the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Originally designed as a show car for the 1953 Motorama display at the New York Auto Show, it generated enough interest to induce GM to make a production version to sell to the public.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ First production was on June 30, 1953.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ This generation was often referred to as the \"solid-axle\" models (the independent rear suspension was not introduced until the second generation).", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ Three hundred hand-built polo white Corvette convertibles were produced for the 1953 model year.", "Chevrolet Corvette __knowledge__ The 1954 model year vehicles could be ordered in Pennant Blue, Sportsman Red, Black, or Polo White; 3,640 were built, and sold slowly.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ The Ford Torino is an automobile which was produced by Ford for the North American market between 1968 and 1976.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ It was a competitor in the intermediate market segment.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ The car was named after the city of Turin (\"Torino\", in Italian), considered \"\"the Italian Detroit\"\".", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ The Torino was initially an upscale variation of the intermediate sized Ford Fairlane, which Ford produced between 1962 and 1970.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ After 1968, the \"Fairlane\" name was retained for the base models with lower levels of trim than those models which wore the \"Torino\" name.", "Ford Torino __knowledge__ During this time, the Torino was considered a subseries to the Fairlane.", "Dana 50 __knowledge__ The Dana/Spicer Model 50 was an automotive axle manufactured by the Dana Holding Corporation for 25 years and was used solely in OEM Ford applications.", "Dana 50 __knowledge__ Dana 50's were made as front axles only.", "Dana 50 __knowledge__ The Dana 50 has a \"50\" cast in to the housing and is regarded to have more strength than a Dana 44, but not as much as a Dana 60.", "Dana 50 __knowledge__ It was only produced in a reverse cut gear set aka a high pinion.", "Dana 50 __knowledge__ The Dana 50 was made as a solid axle and as a Twin Traction Beam (TTB) which pivots in the center allowing the wheels to move independently of each other.", "Dana 50 __knowledge__ A unique quality of the Dana 50 axle is the lack of variation in both TTB and Solid axle versions, which simplifies repairs and upgrades.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ The Saginaw 9.5-inch axle is an automotive axle manufactured by American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ This differential has three major variants.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ A rear solid axle, a front solid axle and independent front suspension.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ General Motor's Saginaw Division started production of this axle in the late 1970s and all three variations are still in production today.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ The maximum GAWR for this axle is 6000 pounds.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ The Saginaw 9.5-inch axle began production in the late 1970s for GM's truck, van and suburban line up.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ The is a Semi-floating axle made for \"light duty\" 3/4 Ton vehicles.", "Saginaw 9.5-inch axle __knowledge__ The GM 9.25 IFS has been the main front differential in Four-wheel drive 3/4 Ton and 1 Ton GM trucks since 1988.", "Chevrolet C/K __knowledge__ The C/K was Chevrolet and GMC's full -size pickup truck line from 1960 until 2000 in the United States, from 1965 to 2000 in Canada, from 1964 to 2001 in Brazil, and from 1975 to 1982 in Chile.", "Chevrolet C/K __knowledge__ The first Chevrolet pickup truck was introduced in 1924, though in-house designs did not appear until 1930.", "Chevrolet C/K __knowledge__ \"C\" indicated two-wheel drive and \"K\" indicated four-wheel drive.", "Chevrolet C/K __knowledge__ The aging C/K light-duty pickup truck was replaced with the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra names in 1999 in the United States and Canada, and 2001 in Brazil; the Chevrolet Silverado HD and GMC Sierra HD heavy-duty pickup trucks followed.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Caprice is a full-sized automobile produced by Chevrolet in North America for the 1965 to 1996 model years.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Full-size Chevrolet sales peaked in 1965 with over a million sold.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ It was the most popular American car in the sixties and early seventies, which, during its lifetime, included the Biscayne, Bel Air, and Impala.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ Introduced in mid-1965 as a luxury trim package for the Impala four-door hardtop, Chevrolet offered a full line of Caprice models for the 1966 and subsequent model years, including a \"formal hardtop\" coupe and an Estate station wagon.", "Chevrolet Caprice __knowledge__ The 1971 to 1976 models are the largest Chevrolets ever built.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ The Ford F-Series Super Duty (often shortened to Ford Super Duty) is a series of trucks manufactured by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Introduced in 1998 for the 1999 model year, the F-Series Super Duty trucks marked the addition of a heavy-duty pickup to the Ford F-Series range, including the F-250 and F-350 pickups; the previous 1987–1997 F-Super Duty chassis cabs were replaced by the F-450 and F-550 Super Duty.", "Ford Super Duty __knowledge__ Distinguished from the F-150 by its separate bodywork, the Super Duty trucks utilize a distinct chassis from the F-150 with heavier-duty chassis and suspension components to allow for higher payload and towing capacities; additionally, the product line continued the use of Ford PowerStroke diesel engines.", "Transverse leaf spring and solid axle front suspension of early Ford cars __knowledge__ Transverse leaf spring and solid axle front suspension of early Ford cars is a type of automotive front suspension that has been most common in early Ford Motor Company products.", "Transverse leaf spring and solid axle front suspension of early Ford cars __knowledge__ \"Suicide front axle\" is a term that has been used for it.", "Transverse leaf spring and solid axle front suspension of early Ford cars __knowledge__ The configuration consists of a one-piece axle (solid front axle), to the ends of which the steerable front wheels are mounted.", "Transverse leaf spring and solid axle front suspension of early Ford cars __knowledge__ The axle receives its vertical and transverse support from a transverse leaf spring (leaf springs were often used for support in more than one direction), and its longitudinal support from fore-aft links sometimes called \"radius rods\" which are attached (via pivots) to the ends of the axle at their forward end and to the sides of the chassis (again via pivots) at their aft end.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Suzuki Cultus __knowledge__ The Suzuki Cultus is a supermini car produced by the Japanese manufacturer Suzuki from 1983 to 2003, and it is now a rebadged Suzuki Celerio in Pakistan since 2017.", "Suzuki Cultus __knowledge__ It was first presented at the 25th Tokyo Motor Show, formally introduced to Japan in 1983 and ultimately sold in seven countries across three generations and marketed worldwide as the Suzuki Swift.", "Suzuki Cultus __knowledge__ An alliance formed in 1981 between GM and Suzuki (and Isuzu) allowed GM to market the Cultus as a captive import internationally under more than a dozen nameplates including the Geo Metro, Chevrolet Sprint, Pontiac Firefly and Holden Barina." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 8, 9 ]

[ "Just ask me what you want to know because i know a lot about this beautiful sports car made by Chevrolet", "It is American! It was originally built in Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri", "I believe the first car came out on June 30, 1953 and it's often referred to as the solid axle models", "i believe it's connected with the rear suspension or something like that" ]

[ "Chevrolet Corvette", "Chevrolet Corvette", "Chevrolet Corvette", "Chevrolet Corvette" ]

[ "South Park\ni would like to know about south park", "I seen someone play the recent games", "sure it seems like it could be very funny", "lol sounds like the satire could be fun", "i will check it out for sure" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ \"200\" is the fifth episode of the fourteenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\", and the 200th overall episode of the series.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 14, 2010.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, Tom Cruise and all other celebrities who have been mocked by residents of South Park in the past plan to file a class action lawsuit against the town, but Cruise promises to end the lawsuit if the town can get the Muslim prophet Muhammad to meet him.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ To celebrate their landmark episode, Parker and fellow series co-creator Matt Stone combined many of \"South Park\"s past storylines and controversies.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ \"Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo\" is the ninth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on December 17, 1997.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In the episode, the Jewish character Kyle feels excluded from the town's celebrations during Christmas, and is comforted by Mr. Hankey, a talking and singing lump of feces wearing a red hat.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ Mr. Hankey does not come alive in the presence of other characters, so they think that Kyle is delusional.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In another plot strand, the townspeople remove all religious aspects of Christmas from South Park to remain politically correct and inoffensive.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ South Park: The Stick of Truth is a 2014 role-playing video game developed by Obsidian Entertainment in collaboration with South Park Digital Studios and published by Ubisoft.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Based on the American adult animated television series \"South Park\", the game follows the New Kid, who has moved to the eponymous town and becomes involved in an epic role-play fantasy war involving humans, wizards, and elves, who are fighting for control of the all-powerful Stick of Truth.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Their game quickly escalates out of control and brings them into conflict with aliens, Nazi zombies, and gnomes, threatening the entire town with destruction.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ \"See also South Park (disambiguation)\" South Park is a broad post-World War II development in the south-central area of Houston, Texas, a few miles south of MacGregor Park (from which it gets its name) and directly south of the 610 Loop.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ According to the 2000 Census, the community has a population of 22,282.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ 81% of the South Park population is predominately African American, compared to 25% for the city as a whole.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ Houston's Martin Luther King Boulevard runs through the area.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ Reflecting its postwar origins, many streets in South Park are named after World War II battle sites and persons.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ In the 1980s and 1990s crime became a key issue for South Park.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "Yuzuki Aikawa __knowledge__ In 2010, Aikawa transitioned into professional wrestling, joining the newly founded World Wonder Ring Stardom promotion, becoming its public face and the inaugural holder of the Wonder of Stardom and Goddess of Stardom Championships.", "Yuzuki Aikawa __knowledge__ Aikawa's first year in professional wrestling ended with the \"Tokyo Sports\" magazine naming her the 2011 female wrestler of the year.", "Yuzuki Aikawa __knowledge__ A year later, having successfully defended the Wonder of Stardom Championship throughout the year, while also winning the inaugural 5★Star GP, Aikawa became the first wrestler to win the award two times in a row.", "Yuzuki Aikawa __knowledge__ Aikawa also produced six of her own independent wrestling events under the banner of \"Yuzupon Matsuri\", in the vein of her trainer Fuka Kakimoto's old \"Fuka Matsuri\" events.", "Tunica language __knowledge__ The Tunica (or Tonica, or less common form Yuron) language is a language isolate that was spoken in the Central and Lower Mississippi Valley in the United States by Native American Tunica peoples.", "Tunica language __knowledge__ There are no native speakers of the Tunica language, but , there are 32 second language speakers.", "Tunica language __knowledge__ Tunica-Biloxi tribal member William Ely Johnson worked with Swiss ethnologist Albert Gatschet to help him document the language in 1886.", "Tunica language __knowledge__ This initial documentation was further developed by linguist John R. Swanton in the early 1900s.", "Tunica language __knowledge__ The last known native speaker, Sesostrie Youchigant, died in 1948.", "Tunica language __knowledge__ In the 1930s, linguist Mary Haas worked with him to describe what Youchigant remembered of the language, and the description was published in \"A Grammar of the Tunica Language\" in 1941.", "Alex Rance __knowledge__ Alex James Rance (born 9 October 1989) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).", "Alex Rance __knowledge__ Rance is a premiership player, four time All-Australian, a one time All Australian captain and a winner of Richmond's best-and-fairest award.", "Alex Rance __knowledge__ He is currently the club's co-vice captain, alongside Jack Riewoldt.", "Alex Rance __knowledge__ Rance is the son of former Footscray and West Coast player Murray Rance.", "Alex Rance __knowledge__ Rance is of strong footballing heritage, being the son of Murray Rance, a former Footscray and player and Swan Districts captain in the WAFL.", "Alex Rance __knowledge__ Born in Perth in the latter years of his father's VFL career, Rance played junior football at the Noranda Junior Football Club in Perth's eastern suburbs.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ Garry Kimovich Kasparov (, ; born Garik Kimovich Weinstein, 13 April 1963) is a Russian, and formerly Soviet, chess grandmaster, former world chess champion, writer, and political activist, whom many consider to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ From 1986 until his retirement in 2005, Kasparov was ranked world No.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ 1 for 225 out of 228 months.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ His peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until being surpassed by Magnus Carlsen in 2013.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ Kasparov also holds records for consecutive professional tournament victories (15) and Chess Oscars (11).", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ Kasparov became the youngest ever undisputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at age 22 by defeating then-champion Anatoly Karpov.", "Nuclear power __knowledge__ Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.", "Nuclear power __knowledge__ The term includes nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion.", "Nuclear power __knowledge__ Presently, the nuclear fission of elements in the actinide series of the periodic table produce the vast majority of nuclear energy in the direct service of humankind, with nuclear decay processes, primarily in the form of geothermal energy, and radioisotope thermoelectric generators, in niche uses making up the rest.", "Nuclear power __knowledge__ Owing, fundamentally, to the control on the power or heat increase, that is inherent to the slow delayed critical fission process, Fission-electric power stations and engines have and continue to be built, as an alternative to the dominant fossil-fuel power systems of the world.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Pinball is a type of arcade game, in which points are scored by a player manipulating one or more steel balls on a play field inside a glass-covered cabinet called a pinball machine (or \"pinball table\").", "Pinball __knowledge__ The primary objective of the game is to score as many points as possible.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Many modern pinball machines include a story line where the player must complete certain objectives in a certain fashion to complete the story, usually earning high scores for different methods of completing the game.", "Pinball __knowledge__ Points are earned when the ball strikes different targets on the play field.", "Pinball __knowledge__ A drain is situated at the bottom of the play field, partially protected by player-controlled plastic bats called flippers.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ A role-playing video game (commonly referred to as role-playing game or RPG, as well as computer role-playing game or CRPG) is a video game genre where the player controls the actions of a character (and/or several party members) immersed in some well-defined world.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Many role-playing video games have origins in tabletop role-playing games (Including \"Dungeons & Dragons\") and use much of the same , settings and game mechanics.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Other major similarities with pen-and-paper games include developed story-telling and narrative elements, player character development, complexity, as well as replayability and immersion.", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the animated television series \"South Park\" ran for 13 episodes from August 13, 1997 to February 25, 1998 on the American network Comedy Central.", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone wrote most of the season's episodes; Dan Sterling, Philip Stark and David Goodman were credited with writing five episodes.", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The narrative revolves around four children—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman and Kenny McCormick—and their unusual experiences in the titular mountain town.", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ \"South Park\" originated from Parker and Stone's 1992 animated short, \"Jesus vs. Frosty\".", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The low-budget, crudely made film featured prototypes of \"South Park\"'s main characters and was followed in 1995 by another short film, \"Jesus vs. Santa\".", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ Randolph Severn \"Trey\" Parker III (born October 19, 1969) is an American actor, animator, writer, director, producer, singer, and songwriter.", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ He is known for co-creating \"South Park\" (1997–present) along with his creative partner Matt Stone, as well as co-writing and co-directing the Tony Award-winning musical \"The Book of Mormon\" (2011).", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ Parker was interested in film and music as a child, and attended the University of Colorado, Boulder following high school, where he met Stone.", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ The two collaborated on various short films, and starred in a feature-length musical, titled \"Cannibal!", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ The Musical\" (1993).", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ \"Trapped in the Closet\" is the twelfth episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The 137th episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 16, 2005.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, Stan joins Scientology in an attempt to find something \"fun and free\".", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ After the discovery of his surprisingly high \"thetan levels\", he is recognized as the reincarnation of L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of the church.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The title is a reference to the R. Kelly serialized song of the same name and a satirized version of R. Kelly appears in the episode.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ \"South Park\" is an American animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Its frequent depiction of taboo subject matter, unusual (especially Sophomoric) humor and portrayal of religion for comic effect has generated controversy and debate throughout the world over the course of its 20 seasons.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Stone and Parker, who both continue to be heavily involved in the writing and production of each episode, use the show frequently to lampoon a wide range of topics and both sides of contentious issues.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Parker and Stone usually reply to such controversies by regarding themselves as \"equal opportunity offenders\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Felix Arvid Ulf Kjellberg ( ; ; born 24 October 1989), known online as PewDiePie ( ), is a Swedish web-based comedian and video producer.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ He is known for his Let's Play commentaries and vlogs, as well as his following on YouTube.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Born in Gothenburg, Sweden, PewDiePie originally pursued a degree in industrial economics and technology management at Chalmers University of Technology.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ In 2010, during his time at the university, he registered a YouTube account under the name PewDiePie.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ The following year, he dropped out of Chalmers after becoming disinterested with his degree field, much to the dismay of his parents.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ The Fabulous Five is an American book series by Betsy Haynes in the late 1980s.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ Written mainly for preteen girls, it is a spin-off of Haynes' other series about Taffy Sinclair.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ It centers on five best friends; Jana Morgan, Melanie Edwards, Beth Barry, Christie Winchell,and Katie Shannon, along with their other classmates at Wakeman Junior High (fondly nicknamed 'Wacko Jr. High' by the students).", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ It is published by Bantam/Skylark books and enjoyed moderate success.", "The Fabulous Five (book series) __knowledge__ In the \"Taffy Sinclair\" series, the five girls, then in sixth grade, started the 'Against Taffy Sinclair Club', which served as a forum for venting about the appearance, antics, and general attitude of Taffy Sinclair, the snobbiest and most popular girl in school.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Paz, also known as The Paz Show or Paz the Penguin, is an animated television series that debuted on February 24, 2003 on Discovery Kids and TLC in the United States.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ It also aired on Treehouse TV in Canada, and on ITV in the United Kingdom.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The show was produced by Telescreen BV, Egmont Imagination, King Rollo Films, Open Mind Productions, and Discovery Kids.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ The series was based on a series of books written and illustrated by Mary Murphy.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ 1.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ THE RIGHT MOVES: Pig teaches a dance class with surprising results.", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ Sometimes mistakes are the best part!", "The Paz Show __knowledge__ At first, Pig worries that she is a bad dance teacher.", "Emma Pillsbury __knowledge__ Emma Pillsbury Schuester (previously Pillsbury-Howell) is a fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series \"Glee\".", "Emma Pillsbury __knowledge__ Portrayed by actress Jayma Mays, Emma has appeared in \"Glee\" from its pilot episode, first broadcast on May 19, 2009.", "Emma Pillsbury __knowledge__ Emma was developed by \"Glee\" creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan.", "Emma Pillsbury __knowledge__ She is a guidance counselor at the fictional William McKinley High School in Lima, Ohio where the series is set.", "Emma Pillsbury __knowledge__ Emma suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder and has romantic feelings for glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), but becomes engaged to football coach Ken Tanaka (Patrick Gallagher) as Will is married.", "Ray Stark __knowledge__ Ray Stark (October 3, 1915 – January 17, 2004) was one of the most successful and prolific independent film producers in postwar Hollywood.", "Ray Stark __knowledge__ Highly tenacious and intelligent, Stark’s background as a literary and theatrical agent groomed him to produce some of the most dynamic and profitable films of the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, such as \"The World of Suzie Wong\" (1961), \"West Side Story\" (1961), \"The Misfits\" (1961), \"Lolita\" (1962), \"The Night of The Iguana\" (1964), \"Reflections in a Golden Eye\" (1967), \"Funny Girl\" (1968), \"The Goodbye Girl\" (1977), \"The Toy\" (1982), \"Annie\" (1982), and \"Steel Magnolias\" (1989).", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ \"South Park\" is an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone for the Comedy Central television network.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ The ongoing narrative revolves around four children, Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman and Kenny McCormick, and their bizarre adventures in and around the fictional and eponymous Colorado town.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ The town is also home to an assortment of characters who make frequent appearances in the show such as students and their family members, elementary school staff, and recurring characters.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ Stan is portrayed as the everyman of the group, as the show's official website describes him as \"a normal, average, American, mixed-up kid\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ Various student characters attend the fictional school South Park Elementary in the animated television show \"South Park\".", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The school is one of the most prominent settings on the show, the narrative of which revolves mostly around the students.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ While there have been a few characters from varying grades have been depicted in recurring minor roles, the students in the fourth grade—including central characters Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman—receive the primary focus of the series.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The fourth grade class is taught throughout most of the series by Mr. Garrison, with a hiatus between seasons 4 and 6 when he is replaced by Ms. Choksondik.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\" is the first episode of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on August 13, 1997.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ The episode introduces child protagonists Eric Cartman, Kyle Broflovski, Stan Marsh and Kenny McCormick, who attempt to rescue Kyle's younger brother Ike from being abducted by aliens.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ At the time of the writing of the episode, \"South Park\" creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone did not yet have a series contract with Comedy Central.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ Short on money, the creators animated the episode using paper cutout stop motion technique, similar to the short films that were the precursors to the series.", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ Kenneth \"Kenny\" McCormick is a main character in the animated adult television series \"South Park\", along with Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, and Eric Cartman.", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ His oft-muffled and indiscernible speech—the result of his parka hood covering his mouth—is provided by co-creator Matt Stone.", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ He debuted on television when \"South Park\" first aired on August 13, 1997, after having first appeared in \"The Spirit of Christmas\" shorts created by Stone and long-time collaborator Trey Parker in 1992 (\"Jesus vs. Frosty\") and 1995 (\"Jesus vs. Santa\").", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ Kenny is a third, later fourth-grade student who commonly has extraordinary experiences not typical of conventional small-town life in his hometown of South Park, Colorado, where he lives with his poverty-stricken family." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Satire __knowledge__ Satire is a genre of literature, and sometimes graphic and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.", "Satire __knowledge__ Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often constructive social criticism, using wit to draw attention to both particular and wider issues in society.", "Satire __knowledge__ A feature of satire is strong irony or sarcasm—\"in satire, irony is militant\"—but parody, burlesque, exaggeration, juxtaposition, comparison, analogy, and double entendre are all frequently used in satirical speech and writing.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "W. S. Gilbert __knowledge__ Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (18 November 1836 – 29 May 1911) was an English dramatist, librettist, poet and illustrator best known for the fourteen comic operas (known as the Savoy operas) produced in collaboration with the composer Arthur Sullivan.", "W. S. Gilbert __knowledge__ The most famous of these include \"H.M.S.", "W. S. Gilbert __knowledge__ Pinafore\", \"The Pirates of Penzance\" and one of the most frequently performed works in the history of musical theatre, \"The Mikado\".", "W. S. Gilbert __knowledge__ The popularity of these works was supported for over a century by year-round performances of them, in Britain and abroad, by the repertory company that they founded, the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "David Mirkin __knowledge__ David Mirkin (born September 18, 1955) is an American feature film and television director, writer and producer.", "David Mirkin __knowledge__ Mirkin grew up in Philadelphia and intended to become an electrical engineer, but abandoned this career path in favor of studying film at Loyola Marymount University.", "David Mirkin __knowledge__ After graduating, he became a stand-up comedian, and then moved into television writing.", "David Mirkin __knowledge__ He wrote for the sitcoms \"Three's Company\", \"It's Garry Shandling's Show\" and \"The Larry Sanders Show\" and served as showrunner on the series \"Newhart\".", "David Mirkin __knowledge__ After an unsuccessful attempt to remake the British series \"The Young Ones\", Mirkin created \"Get a Life\" in 1990.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Futurama __knowledge__ Futurama is an American animated science fiction comedy series created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "Futurama __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of a late-20th-century New York City pizza delivery boy, Philip J. Fry, who, after being unwittingly cryogenically frozen for one thousand years, finds employment at Planet Express, an interplanetary delivery company in the retro-futuristic 31st century.", "Futurama __knowledge__ The series was envisioned by Groening in the mid-1990s while working on \"The Simpsons\"; he later brought David X. Cohen aboard to develop storylines and characters to pitch the show to Fox.", "Futurama __knowledge__ In the United States, the series aired on Fox from March 28, 1999, to August 10, 2003, before ceasing production.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "The Critic __knowledge__ The Critic is an American prime time animated series revolving around the life of New York film critic Jay Sherman, voiced by actor Jon Lovitz.", "The Critic __knowledge__ It was created by writing partners Al Jean and Mike Reiss, who had previously worked as writers and showrunners (seasons 3 and 4) on \"The Simpsons\".", "The Critic __knowledge__ \"The Critic\" had 23 episodes produced, first broadcast on ABC in 1994, and finishing its original run on Fox in 1995.", "The Critic __knowledge__ According to PopMatters, \"the creators [said] they intended the series as their 'love letter to New York.'\"", "The Critic __knowledge__ Episodes featured movie parodies with notable examples including a musical version of \"Apocalypse Now\", \"Howard Stern's End\" (\"Howards End\"), \"Honey, I Ate the Kids\" (\"Honey, I Shrunk the Kids/The Silence of the Lambs\"), \"The Cockroach King\" (\"The Lion King\"), \"Abe Lincoln: Pet Detective\" (\"\"), \"Scent of a Jackass\" and \"Scent of a Wolfman\" (\"Scent of a Woman\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love Money is a reality television game show that aired on VH1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was created by \"The Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The contestants on this series are from the first two seasons of \"Flavor of Love, I Love New York\" and \"Rock of Love\", and are competing in physical and mental challenges in an attempt to win $250,000.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ Production started in early February 2008, and concluded in March 2008.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show premiered on July 6, 2008 and the casting special aired on July 1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Craig J. Jackson.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Nicole Alexander, also known as Hoopz.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ I Love Money 2 or I Love Money (season 2) is the second season of the VH1 reality television series \"I Love Money\", created by Surreal Life executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The 19 contestants for the second season were drawn from \"I Love New York\", \"Flavor of Love\", \"Rock of Love\", and \"Real Chance of Love\" to compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ Production began in late October 2008 & wrapped November 2008, and the show premiered on February 2, 2009 with Craig J. Jackson returning to host.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Angela Pitts, also known as Myammee.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ Null (or NULL) is a special marker used in Structured Query Language to indicate that a data value does not exist in the database.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ Introduced by the creator of the relational database model, E. F. Codd, SQL Null serves to fulfil the requirement that all \"true relational database management systems (RDBMS)\" support a representation of \"missing information and inapplicable information\".", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ Codd also introduced the use of the lowercase Greek omega (ω) symbol to represent Null in database theory.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ In SQL, codice_1 is a reserved word used to identify this marker.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ This should not be confused with a value of 0.", "Check on It __knowledge__ \"Check on It\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé, featuring American rappers Bun B and Slim Thug.", "Check on It __knowledge__ It was composed by Beyoncé, Swizz Beatz, Sean Garrett, Angela Beyincé and Slim Thug.", "Check on It __knowledge__ Initially recorded by Beyoncé only, the song was supposed to be featured on the soundtrack album for 2006 film \"The Pink Panther\", in which she co-stars as Xania.", "Check on It __knowledge__ As it was ultimately not included on its soundtrack album, the song with additional vocals from Slim Thug was placed on the 2005 Destiny's Child's greatest hits album \"#1's\".", "Check on It __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Check on It\" in the United States on December 13, 2005.", "Airport check-in __knowledge__ Airport check-in is the process whereby passengers are accepted by an airline at the airport prior to travel.", "Airport check-in __knowledge__ The airlines typically use service counters found at airports.", "Airport check-in __knowledge__ The check-in is normally handled by an airline itself or a handling agent working on behalf of an airline.", "Airport check-in __knowledge__ Passengers usually hand over any baggage that they do not wish or are not allowed to carry in to the aircraft's cabin and receive a boarding pass before they can proceed to board their aircraft.", "Airport check-in __knowledge__ Check-in is usually the first procedure for a passenger when arriving at an airport, as airline regulations require passengers to check in by certain times prior to the departure of a flight.", "Check valve __knowledge__ A check valve, clack valve, non-return valve, reflux valve, retention valve or one-way valve is a valve that normally allows fluid (liquid or gas) to flow through it in only one direction.", "Check valve __knowledge__ Check valves are two-port valves, meaning they have two openings in the body, one for fluid to enter and the other for fluid to leave.", "Check valve __knowledge__ There are various types of check valves used in a wide variety of applications.", "Check valve __knowledge__ Check valves are often part of common household items.", "Check valve __knowledge__ Although they are available in a wide range of sizes and costs, check valves generally are very small, simple, or inexpensive.", "Check valve __knowledge__ Check valves work automatically and most are not controlled by a person or any external control; accordingly, most do not have any valve handle or stem.", "Substitute checks in the United States __knowledge__ A substitute check (also called an Image Replacement Document or IRD) is a negotiable instrument used to represent the digital reproduction of an original paper check.", "Substitute checks in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, as a negotiable payment instrument, a substitute check maintains the status of a \"legal check\" in lieu of the original paper check as authorized by the Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act (also known as the \"Check 21 Act\").", "Substitute checks in the United States __knowledge__ Instead of presenting the original paper checks, financial institutions and payment processing centers electronically transmit data from a substitute check by either the settlement process through the United States Federal Reserve System or by clearing the deposit based on a private agreement between member financial institutions of a clearinghouse that operates under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC).", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ The following is the history of Disney Channel, a network owned by the Disney–ABC Television Group.", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ In 1977, Walt Disney Productions executive Jim Jimirro brought forth the idea of a cable television network that would feature television and film material from the studio.", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ Since the company was focusing on the development of the Epcot Center at Walt Disney World, Disney chairman Card Walker turned down the proposal.", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ Instead, they made a deal with HBO to air a select number of Disney films, cartoons, and specials, including a live production of \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" at Radio City Music Hall.", "Cable television in the United States __knowledge__ Cable television first became available in the United States in 1948, with subscription services following in 1949.", "Cable television in the United States __knowledge__ Data by SNL Kagan shows that about 58.4% of all American homes subscribe to basic cable television services.", "Cable television in the United States __knowledge__ Most cable viewers in the U.S. reside in the suburbs and tend to be middle class; cable television is less common in low income, urban, and rural areas.", "Cable television in the United States __knowledge__ According to reports released by the Federal Communications Commission, traditional cable television subscriptions in the US peaked around the year 2000, at 68.5 million total subscriptions.", "Cable television in the United States __knowledge__ Since then, cable subscriptions have been in slow decline, dropping to 54.4 million subscribers by December 2013.", "Nebraska (The Walking Dead) __knowledge__ \"Nebraska\" is the eighth episode and mid-season premiere of the second season, and 14th episode overall of the post-apocalyptic horror television series \"The Walking Dead\".", "Nebraska (The Walking Dead) __knowledge__ It originally aired on AMC in the United States on February 12, 2012.", "Nebraska (The Walking Dead) __knowledge__ In the episode, the survivors deal with the aftermath of the barn shooting, which causes Hershel Greene (Scott Wilson) to order Rick's group to leave and then start drinking and disappear from the group, leading Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) and Glenn (Steven Yeun) to try to find him.", "Nebraska (The Walking Dead) __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Dale Horvath (Jeffrey DeMunn) becomes more suspicious of Shane Walsh's (Jon Bernthal) actions.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "HBO __knowledge__ Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc.", "HBO __knowledge__ Programming featured on the network consists primarily of theatrically released motion pictures and original television series, along with made-for-cable movies and documentaries, boxing matches, and occasional stand-up comedy and concert specials.", "HBO __knowledge__ HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service (basic or premium) in the United States, having been in operation since November 8, 1972.", "HBO __knowledge__ In 2016, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.93 billion, compared to the US$1.88 billion it accrued in 2015.", "USA Network __knowledge__ USA Network (commonly referred to as simply USA) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment Group division of NBCUniversal, itself a subsidiary of Comcast.", "USA Network __knowledge__ Once a minor player in basic cable, the network has steadily gained popularity due to its original programming; USA also broadcasts syndicated reruns of current and former \"network television\" (i.e., broadcast) series and theatrically-released feature films, as well as limited sports programming.", "USA Network __knowledge__ As of January 2016, USA Network is available to 94.3 million households in the US." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 ]

[ "it is an american adult animated sitcom created by trey parker and matt stone. it was also developed by brian graden and it plays on comedy central. are you a fan?", "i see. well the show revolves around four boys, stan kyle eric and kenny and their adventures around colorado town. give it a try one day!", "yes its like the simpsons, it uses a large ensemble cast of reoccuring characters. it became faous for profanity and dark surreal humor with satire and a range of topics. it could be depending on your humor", "it debuted in 1997 and had great success consistenyly earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program. people love it!", "ratings have still varied after initial success but remains comedy centrals highest rated tv show. now episodes are coming in 2019 so stay tuned" ]

[ "South Park", "South Park", "South Park", "South Park", "South Park" ]

[ "Dog\nI love dogs!! I have a dachshund ", "I am sorry to hear that. My dog is a rescue, she killed her first owner, but i took her in.", "She is a killer dachshund. Her first owner, an old lady was going to take the dog for a walk, but the dog wrapped the leash around the lady's legs. The lady fell down the stairs and died. ", "no, no. No daschund would do that. It was just an accident. I love dogs. Just a sec, the pizza delivery man is here.", "I love Dominos!! unfortunately, this is a Jet deep dish pizza, pepperoni with pineapples." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The dachshund ( or or ) is a short-legged, long-bodied, hound-type dog breed.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The standard size dachshund was developed to scent, chase, and flush out badgers and other burrow-dwelling animals, while the miniature dachshund was bred to hunt smaller prey such as rabbits.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ In the United States, they have also been used to track wounded deer and hunt prairie dogs.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ Dachshunds also participate in conformation shows, field trials and many other events organized through pure-bred dog organizations such as the American Kennel Club (AKC).", "Dachshund __knowledge__ According to the AKC, the dachshund is ranked in 13th place in popularity amongst dog breeds in the United States.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "Dachshund racing __knowledge__ Dachshund racing, or wiener dog racing, is a popular, yet controversial sporting event, primarily found in North America.", "Dachshund racing __knowledge__ Typical Dachshund races are either 25 or 50 yards in length, and are run on various surfaces.", "Dachshund racing __knowledge__ Many race tracks across America host these events as fundraising or publicity events, and routinely draw the venues' largest attendance numbers of the year.", "Dachshund racing __knowledge__ In the less formal events, most entrants are not career racers, nor bred for racing.", "Dachshund racing __knowledge__ Often, dogs will choose not to run the length of the course and instead visit with other dogs or the owner that released them.", "Dachshund racing __knowledge__ Otherwise, dogs will run swiftly to their owner at the finish line, coaxed by food or toys.", "Miniature Dachshund __knowledge__ Miniature dachshunds have a typical weight of 8 to 11 pounds in the United States.", "Miniature Dachshund __knowledge__ They also are normally a height of 5 to 7 inches at the withers.", "Miniature Dachshund __knowledge__ Some of their nicknames include \"wiener dogs\", \"hot dogs\", or \"sausage dogs.\"", "Miniature Dachshund __knowledge__ The Dachshund breed was developed in Germany and has existed since at least the 16th century.", "Miniature Dachshund __knowledge__ The name dachshund comes from the German words dachs (badger) and hund (dog).", "Miniature Dachshund __knowledge__ During that late 19th century, German hunters desired smaller Dachshunds to be used on European hare, which lived in smaller burrows than the Dachshunds historic quarry -- badgers and foxes.", "Miniature Dachshund __knowledge__ At first, some of these Miniature Dachshunds were just runts of their litters, but later others were created intentionally by crossing Dachshunds with Toy Terriers and Pinschers.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ The Welsh Corgi, sometimes known as just a Corgi (, Welsh for \"dwarf dog\"; plural \"corgis\" or occasionally the etymologically consistent \"corgwn\" ()), is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Two separate breeds are recognized: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ Historically, the Pembroke has been attributed to the influx of dogs alongside Flemish weavers from around the 10th century, while the Cardigan is attributed to the dogs brought with Norse settlers, in particular a common ancestor of the Swedish Vallhund.", "Welsh Corgi __knowledge__ A certain degree of interbreeding between the two types has been suggested to explain the similarities between the two.", "The Ugly Dachshund __knowledge__ The Ugly Dachshund is a 1966 Walt Disney Productions feature film starring Dean Jones and Suzanne Pleshette in a story about a Great Dane who believes he's a dachshund.", "The Ugly Dachshund __knowledge__ Based on a 1938 novel by Gladys Bronwyn Stern, the film was written by Albert Aley and directed by Norman Tokar.", "The Ugly Dachshund __knowledge__ \"The Ugly Dachshund\" was one of several light-hearted comedies produced by the Disney Studios during the 1960s.", "The Ugly Dachshund __knowledge__ Fran Garrison (Suzanne Pleshette) and her husband Mark (Dean Jones) are a young happy married couple and the proud owners of an award-winning Dachshund named Danke.", "The Ugly Dachshund __knowledge__ The movie begins with them frantically getting into the car and heading to the hospital as \"the pain has started and it's about time\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "Dworcowa Street in Bydgoszcz __knowledge__ Dworcowa Street is one of the main streets of Bydgoszcz, in Downtown district ().", "Dworcowa Street in Bydgoszcz __knowledge__ Many of its buildings are registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List.", "Dworcowa Street in Bydgoszcz __knowledge__ Across the street, between Warmia and Marcinkowski street runs the 18°E longitude Meridian, so-called Bydgoszcz Meridian.", "Dworcowa Street in Bydgoszcz __knowledge__ The street is located in the western part of Downtown Bydgoszcz.", "Dworcowa Street in Bydgoszcz __knowledge__ It runs from the intersection with Gdanska Street to the intersection with Sigismund Augustus Street, where is the main train station, \"Bydgoszcz Główna\".", "Dworcowa Street in Bydgoszcz __knowledge__ Hence its name: \"Train station\" in polish is \"Dworzec\", \"Dworcowa Street\" thus means \"Train Station Street\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Korean Jindo __knowledge__ The Korean Jindo (진돗개) is a breed of hunting dog that originated on Jindo Island in South Korea.", "Korean Jindo __knowledge__ Brought to the United States with South Korean expatriates, it is celebrated in its native land for its fierce loyalty and brave nature.", "Korean Jindo __knowledge__ The Jindo breed became recognized by the United Kennel Club on January 1, 1998 and by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 2005.", "Korean Jindo __knowledge__ Jindos are double-coated spitz-type dogs.", "Korean Jindo __knowledge__ The Jindo Gae is the National Breed of Korea.", "Korean Jindo __knowledge__ Distinguishing the Jindo breed from mixes and other breeds is often done by close examination of cranial and facial features and by analyzing the proportion of the head to the body.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ A dingo–dog hybrid is a cross between a dingo and a domestic dog.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ The current population of free ranging domestic dogs in Australia is now probably higher than in the past.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ However, the proportion of the so-called \"pure\" dingoes (dogs with exclusively dingo-ancestry) has been in the decrease over the last few decades due to hybridisation and is regarded as further decreasing.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ Because of this ongoing interbreeding of dingoes and other domestic dogs and the resulting hybrids, there is a much wider range of colours and body shapes today among the Australian wild dog population than in the time before the human introduction of domestic dogs.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ The New Guinea singing dog or New Guinea Highland dog (\"Canis lupus dingo\") is a type of dog native to the New Guinea Highlands of the island of New Guinea.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ The dog is noted for its unique vocalization.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ Some experts have referred to it as a wild dog, but others disagree.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ Little is known about New Guinea singing dogs in the wild and there are only two photographs of wild sightings: one taken in 1989 and published by Australian mammalogist Tim Flannery, and the other taken in August 2012 by wilderness adventure guide, Tom Hewett in the Star Mountains region of West Papua.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ In 2016, the New Guinea Highland Wild Dog Foundation announced to the media that it and the University of Papua had located and photographed a group of fifteen \"highland wild dogs\".", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ The taxon dingo refers to the native dog found in Australia but may at times also refer to some similar dogs native to peninsular and island southeast Asia and neighboring regions, such as the New Guinea singing dog.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ The genetic evidence indicates that the \"dingo\" clade originated from East Asian domestic dogs and was introduced through the Southeast Asian archipelago into Australia, with a common ancestry between the Australian dingo and the New Guinea singing dog.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in his \"Systema Naturae\" the taxonomic classification of species.", "Dingo (taxon) __knowledge__ \"Canis\" is a Latin word meaning dog, and under this genus he listed the dog-like carnivores including domestic dogs, wolves, and jackals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The dachshund ( or or ) is a short-legged, long-bodied, hound-type dog breed.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The standard size dachshund was developed to scent, chase, and flush out badgers and other burrow-dwelling animals, while the miniature dachshund was bred to hunt smaller prey such as rabbits.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ In the United States, they have also been used to track wounded deer and hunt prairie dogs.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ Dachshunds also participate in conformation shows, field trials and many other events organized through pure-bred dog organizations such as the American Kennel Club (AKC).", "Dachshund __knowledge__ According to the AKC, the dachshund is ranked in 13th place in popularity amongst dog breeds in the United States.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Leash __knowledge__ A leash (also called a lead, lead line or tether) is a rope or similar material attached to the neck or head of an animal for restraint or control.", "Leash __knowledge__ On the animal, some leashes clip or tie to a collar, harness, or halter, while others go directly around the animal's neck.", "Leash __knowledge__ For dogs, leashes take many forms; for example: There are also bicycle dog leashes, especially designed for people who enjoy taking their pet in a ride with the bike.", "Leash __knowledge__ The leash is an aluminum tube with a plastic coated cable which runs down through the tube.", "Leash __knowledge__ It extends out of the tube end a couple of feet to allow for ease of movement for the dog.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Dog park __knowledge__ A dog park is a park for dogs to exercise and play off-leash in a controlled environment under the supervision of their owners.", "Dog park __knowledge__ These parks have varying features, although they typically offer a 4' to 6' fence, separate double-gated entry and exit points, adequate drainage, benches for humans, shade for hot days, parking close to the site, water, tools to pick up and dispose of animal waste in covered trash cans, and regular maintenance and cleaning of the grounds.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Dog parks may also offer wheel-chair access, a pond for swimming and a separate enclosure for small dogs.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Off-leash dog areas, or dog parks, provide a community setting in which people can gather and socialize and where they can observe the interaction of groups of dogs at play.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld gods are the fictional deities from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series of fantasy novels.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld, being a flat disc supported on the backs of four elephants on top of a giant flying turtle, exists in a region of the universe where reality is somewhat less consistent than it appears in our own, more mundane corner of existence.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Because reality on the Disc is so fragile and malleable, belief has a tendency to take on a life of its own, and gods are far more obvious to the people of the Disc than they appear to us.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Gods are everywhere on the Discworld, a crucial element of the world's peculiar ecology that gives power to belief and demands resolution to any and all narratives.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ It seeks to identify which human psychological traits are evolved adaptations – that is, the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection in human evolution.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Adaptationist thinking about physiological mechanisms, such as the heart, lungs, and immune system, is common in evolutionary biology.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Some evolutionary psychologists apply the same thinking to psychology, arguing that the modularity of mind is similar to that of the body and with different modular adaptations serving different functions.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The first language in the human species has been the topic of scholarly discussions for several centuries.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ There is no consensus on the origin or age of human language.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The topic is difficult to study because of the lack of direct evidence.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Consequently, scholars wishing to study the origins of language must draw inferences from other kinds of evidence such as the fossil record, archaeological evidence, contemporary language diversity, studies of language acquisition, and comparisons between human language and systems of communication existing among animals (particularly other primates).", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Many argue that the origins of language probably relate closely to the origins of modern human behavior, but there is little agreement about the implications and directionality of this connection.", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Emily Wants to Play __knowledge__ Emily Wants To Play is a survival horror video game created by indie developer Shawn Hitchcock.", "Emily Wants to Play __knowledge__ The game was released for Microsoft Windows and OS X on December 10, 2015.", "Emily Wants to Play __knowledge__ It was then released for iOS and Android on January 31, 2016, PlayStation 4 on August 9, 2016, and Xbox One on September 9, 2016.", "Emily Wants to Play __knowledge__ Emily Wants to Play was adapted to play in virtual reality by using the HTC Vive or Oculus Rift on August 25, 2016.", "Emily Wants to Play __knowledge__ A sequel titled Emily Wants to Play Too is released on December 2017.", "Emily Wants to Play __knowledge__ The player takes the role of a pizza delivery man that has been trapped in a house by a young girl named Emily and her three dolls.", "Pizza Delivery (SpongeBob SquarePants) __knowledge__ \"Pizza Delivery\" is the first segment of the fifth episode of the American animated television sitcom \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "Pizza Delivery (SpongeBob SquarePants) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Sherm Cohen, Aaron Springer, and Peter Burns, and the animation was directed by Sean Dempsey.", "Pizza Delivery (SpongeBob SquarePants) __knowledge__ Cohen also functioned as storyboard director, and Springer worked as storyboard artist.", "Pizza Delivery (SpongeBob SquarePants) __knowledge__ It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on August 14, 1999.", "Pizza Delivery (SpongeBob SquarePants) __knowledge__ In the episode, the Krusty Krab receives a call from a customer ordering a pizza, and Mr. Krabs sends SpongeBob and Squidward to deliver it.", "Pizza Delivery (SpongeBob SquarePants) __knowledge__ When the two employees become stranded in the middle of a desert, they get into numerous predicaments.", "The Haunting Hour: Don't Think About It __knowledge__ R. L. Stine's The Haunting Hour: Don't Think About It is a 2007 American children's horror film based on the children's book of the same name by R. L. Stine.", "The Haunting Hour: Don't Think About It __knowledge__ The film was directed by Alex Zamm, written by Dan Angel and Billy Brown, and stars Emily Osment, Cody Linley, Brittany Curran, and Tobin Bell.", "The Haunting Hour: Don't Think About It __knowledge__ It was released direct-to-DVD.", "The Haunting Hour: Don't Think About It __knowledge__ The plot follows a goth girl named Cassie (Emily Osment) moving into a new town and fascinated by the occult.", "The Haunting Hour: Don't Think About It __knowledge__ At a mysterious Halloween store, the store owner (Tobin Bell) insists on selling her an old book.", "The Haunting Hour: Don't Think About It __knowledge__ Stuck with her brother Max (Alex Winzenread) on Halloween night, she reads the book to him, despite the book's warnings not to read it out aloud or think about its monster.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "Crimson Gold __knowledge__ Crimson Gold () is a 2003 Iranian film directed by Jafar Panahi, and written by Abbas Kiarostami.", "Crimson Gold __knowledge__ The film was never distributed in Iranian theatres, because it was considered too \"dark\".", "Crimson Gold __knowledge__ Therefore, it was not possible that \"Crimson Gold\" be considered as the Iranian entry for Best Foreign Language Film for the 2003 Oscars as it was not released in Iran.", "Crimson Gold __knowledge__ The movie opens with a scene inside a jeweler’s shop, which the main character, Hossein, appears to be attempting to rob.", "Crimson Gold __knowledge__ Hossein tries to force The Jeweler, to give him the key to the safe at gunpoint.", "Crimson Gold __knowledge__ The Jeweler refuses, and manages to trigger the alarm.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The dachshund ( or or ) is a short-legged, long-bodied, hound-type dog breed.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The standard size dachshund was developed to scent, chase, and flush out badgers and other burrow-dwelling animals, while the miniature dachshund was bred to hunt smaller prey such as rabbits.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ In the United States, they have also been used to track wounded deer and hunt prairie dogs.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ Dachshunds also participate in conformation shows, field trials and many other events organized through pure-bred dog organizations such as the American Kennel Club (AKC).", "Dachshund __knowledge__ According to the AKC, the dachshund is ranked in 13th place in popularity amongst dog breeds in the United States.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is a small to medium-sized American hunting terrier.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ Lower-set with shorter legs, more muscular, and heavier bone density than its cousin the American Rat Terrier.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ There is much diversity in the history of the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier breed and it shares a common early history with the American Rat Terrier, Fox Paulistinha and Tenterfield Terrier.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ It is said the Rat Terrier background stems from the terriers or other dogs that were brought over by early English and other working class immigrants.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ Since the breed was a farm, hunting and utility dog there was little to no planned breeding other than breeding dogs with agreeable traits to each other in order to produce the desired work ethic in the dog.", "Scots Dumpy __knowledge__ The Scots Dumpy is a breed of chicken from Scotland.", "Scots Dumpy __knowledge__ The moniker \"dumpy\", meaning short and stout, refers to the breed's thick-set appearance and extremely short legs.", "Scots Dumpy __knowledge__ Through history they have been known under a host of names such as: Bakies, Stumpies, Dadlies, Hoodies, or Creepies.", "Scots Dumpy __knowledge__ They are classed as an endangered breed by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust.", "Scots Dumpy __knowledge__ The shortness of its legs is its most defining characteristic, and imparts a waddling gait to the chicken; adult birds are less than off the ground.", "Scots Dumpy __knowledge__ The birds are longer in the back and have a lower set tail than most breeds.", "Scots Dumpy __knowledge__ There is no set colour for the Scots Dumpy, but cuckoo, black, and white are the most common colours.", "Lovesick (1937 film) __knowledge__ Lovesick is a cartoon produced by Walter Lantz Productions.", "Lovesick (1937 film) __knowledge__ It features the later, post-1935 white-furred version of Oswald, together with his dog Doxie the dachshund.", "Lovesick (1937 film) __knowledge__ Oswald comes out of his house carrying a bowl filled with bones and offers them to his long-bodied dog named Doxie.", "Lovesick (1937 film) __knowledge__ Doxie was digging a hole in the yard but immediately dashes toward the bowl upon being called.", "Lovesick (1937 film) __knowledge__ While he is enjoying his bone meal, Doxie sees a girl poodle walk by from next door.", "Lovesick (1937 film) __knowledge__ Amazed by her glamour, Doxie is obliged to establish a romantic relationship.", "Lovesick (1937 film) __knowledge__ As he enters the yard of the other house and drops by the poodle's cabin, Doxie presents a bone which he spared from his meal.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ The Munchkin is a relatively new breed of cat characterized by its very short legs, which are caused by a genetic mutation.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ Much controversy erupted over the breed when it was recognized by The International Cat Association in 1995 with critics voicing concern over potential health and mobility issues.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ The name \"munchkin\" derives from writer L. Frank Baum's diminutive inhabitants of Munchkin Country, originating in the 1900 novel, \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\".", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ Short-legged cats have been documented a number of times around the world since the 1940s.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ A British veterinary report in 1944 noted four generations of healthy short-legged cats which were similar to normal cats except for the length of the legs.", "Hiesville __knowledge__ Hiesville (other spellings: Yeville, or Hevilla) is a commune in the Manche department in north-western France.", "Hiesville __knowledge__ A small commune, Hiesville covers an area of just .", "Hiesville __knowledge__ It is bounded by Boutteville to the north, Blosville to the west, Sainte-Marie-du-Mont to the east, and Vierville to the south, and lies several kilometres from the Normandy coast.", "Hiesville __knowledge__ The population was 67 as of 2006.", "Hiesville __knowledge__ It was 148 in 1871.", "Hiesville __knowledge__ It was known as Hevilla in 1164, de Heevilla in 1180, and Hievilla in 1327, It derives from the cognate \"hedo\" (translated from the Greek, meaning \"delight\" or \"sweet\"), and \"villa\" (translation: \"village\").", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ The Bloodhound is a large scent hound, originally bred for hunting deer, wild boar, and since the Middle Ages for tracking people.", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ Believed to be descended from hounds once kept at the Abbey of Saint-Hubert, Belgium, it is known to French speakers as the \"Chien de Saint-Hubert\".", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ This breed is famed for its ability to discern human scent over great distances, even days later.", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ Its extraordinarily keen sense of smell is combined with a strong and tenacious tracking instinct, producing the ideal scent hound, and it is used by police and law enforcement all over the world to track escaped prisoners, missing people, lost children, and lost pets." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises Inc. (doing business as Little Caesars) is the third-largest pizza chain in the United States, behind Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ It operates and franchises pizza restaurants in the United States and internationally in Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1959 and is based in Detroit, Michigan, headquartered in the Fox Theatre building in Downtown.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Ilitch Holdings, Inc. Little Caesars Pizza was founded on May 8, 1959, by Mike Ilitch and his wife Marian Ilitch.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ Detroit-style pizza is a style of pizza developed in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ It is a rectangular pizza that has a thick deep-dish crisp crust and toppings such as pepperoni and mushrooms.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ What makes Detroit-style pizza different from Chicago and New York styles is the crust, which is extra thick and very crispy on the bottom.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The square shaped pizza is the result of being baked in a square pan, which is often not a pizza pan: industrial parts trays are often used, which were originally made to hold small parts in factories.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a Detroit-style pizza is occasionally twice-baked, and it is usually baked in a well-oiled pan to a chewy medium-well-done state that gives the bottom and edges of the crust a fried or crunchy texture.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria & Grill (formerly Pizzeria Uno and Uno Chicago Grill), or more informally as Unos, is a franchised pizzeria restaurant chain under the parent company Uno Restaurant Holdings Corporation.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria and Grill is best known for its Chicago-style deep dish pizza.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ike Sewell opened the first Pizzeria Uno in 1943.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ The first Uno's was established in 1943 by former University of Texas football star Ike Sewell and his friend, former World War II G.I.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ric Riccardo, in the River North neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Sewell originally intended to open a Mexican restaurant because \"there wasn't a really decent Mexican restaurant in Chicago then.\"", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni (also known as pepperoni sausage) is an American variety of salami, made from cured pork and beef mixed together and seasoned with paprika or other chili pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni is characteristically soft, slightly smoky, and bright red in color.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Thinly sliced pepperoni is a popular pizza topping in American-style pizzerias and is used as filling in the West Virginia pepperoni roll.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The term \"pepperoni\" is a borrowing of \"peperoni\", the plural of \"peperone\", the Italian word for bell pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The first use of \"pepperoni\" to refer to a sausage dates to 1919.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Even if in Italian the word is plural (like the Italian word \"salami\", plural of \"salame\"), the English word pepperoni is used as a singular uncountable noun.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ Domino's Pizza Group plc is a United Kingdom based master franchise of international fast food pizza delivery chain Domino's Pizza.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ The company holds the exclusive right to own, operate and franchise branches of the chain in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Luxembourg.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ The firm’s shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange, as a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index as of May 2015.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza Group is the largest master franchisee in the Domino’s system, measured by retail sales and store profits.", "Domino's Pizza Group __knowledge__ The Domino's Pizza company was founded in 1960, by American entrepreneur Tom Monaghan as a single pizzeria in Ypsilanti, Michigan.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Tom Monaghan __knowledge__ Thomas Stephen Monaghan (born March 25, 1937) is an American entrepreneur who founded Domino's Pizza in 1960.", "Tom Monaghan __knowledge__ He owned the Detroit Tigers from 1983 to 1992.", "Tom Monaghan __knowledge__ Monaghan also owns the Domino's Farms Office Park, located in the Ann Arbor Charter Township, Michigan, which he first started building during 1984.", "Tom Monaghan __knowledge__ Monaghan is Roman Catholic and announced his retirement after 38 years with Domino's Pizza Inc. Monaghan sold 93 percent of the company to Bain Capital, Inc. for about $1 billion, ceased being involved in day-to-day operations of the company, and subsequently dedicated his time and considerable fortune to Catholic causes.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Fats Domino __knowledge__ Antoine Dominique \"Fats\" Domino Jr. (February 26, 1928 – October 24, 2017) was an American pianist and singer-songwriter of Louisiana Creole descent.", "Fats Domino __knowledge__ One of the pioneers of rock and roll music, Domino sold more than 65 million records.", "Fats Domino __knowledge__ Between 1955 and 1960, he had eleven Top 10 hits.", "Fats Domino __knowledge__ His humility and shyness may be one reason his contribution to the genre has been overlooked.", "Fats Domino __knowledge__ During his career, Domino had 35 records in the U.S. \"Billboard\" Top 40, and five of his pre-1955 records sold more than a million copies, being certified gold.", "Fats Domino __knowledge__ His musical style was based on traditional rhythm and blues, accompanied by saxophones, bass, piano, electric guitar, and drums." ] ]

[ 1, 64, 9, 44, 24 ]

[ "I love dogs too! I had two boxers, which are domestic dogs, a boy and a girl unfortunately they both passed away.", "That's insane! Dogs physically and socially evolved and they have acquired the ability to understand humans more than any other species. ", "Oh, so the dachshund (a short legged, long bodied dog) just wrapped the leash around her legs. I thought you mean't the owner got mauled or something.", "I hope it's domino's pizza, you know the one that was founded in 1960?", "Is Jet pizza a Detroit-style pizza or a chicago style?" ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Pit bull\ni don't think pit bulls are aggressive. i would like to adopt one", "really? I didn't know that. Is dog fighting legal?", "how sad :( I don't understand how can people enjoy seeing other animals fight?", "that breaks my heart. pit bulls are so beautiful", "really? I didn't know that, can you tell me more?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP (acronym for Bay Area Dog-lovers Responsible About Pit Bulls) is an animal welfare and rescue group based in Oakland, California, devoted to caring for and improving the public image of pit bull terriers as pets.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP is a federal non-profit organization (under IRS Code 501(c)3) located in Oakland, California.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 1999 to address the needs of homeless dogs, specifically homeless American Pit Bull Terriers, and to provide support and resources to animal welfare organizations that deal with pit bulls.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ The organization also focuses on providing owner support, in the form of training, spay/neuter assistance and other resources, to families who own pit bulls.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ Pit Bulls & Parolees is an American reality television series on Animal Planet which confronts the misunderstandings of the Pit Bull breed.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ The series debuted on October 30, 2009.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ It features the Villalobos Rescue Center and was originally located in Agua Dulce, California; however, the organization has relocated to the New Orleans, Louisiana area.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ It is the United States' largest pit bull animal shelter.", "Pit Bulls &amp; Parolees __knowledge__ Founder Tia Torres appeared on \"The Daily Show with Jon Stewart\" on September 24, 2014 and stated that her organization has approximately 400 dogs and that the notoriety of the show has resulted in \"four times\" as many dogs being directed to her organization." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation began in April 2007 with a search of property in Surry County, Virginia, owned by Michael Vick, who was at the time quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons football team, and the subsequent discovery of evidence of a dog fighting ring.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ Over seventy dogs, mostly pit bull terriers, with some said to be showing signs of injuries, were seized, along with physical evidence during several searches of Vick's property by local, state and federal authorities.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The case drew widespread publicity to the issues of animal abuse and dog fighting.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ It also drew attention to unlawful gambling and drug activities which authorities claim often accompany dog fighting.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ Michael Dwayne Vick (born June 26, 1980) is a former American football quarterback who played 13 seasons in the National Football League, primarily with the Atlanta Falcons and the Philadelphia Eagles.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ He played college football at Virginia Tech and was selected by the Falcons as the first overall pick in the 2001 NFL Draft.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ During his six years with the Falcons, Vick was regarded as having transformed the quarterback position with his rushing abilities and was named to three Pro Bowls.", "Michael Vick __knowledge__ He holds the record for the most career rushing yards by a quarterback (6,109) and the most rushing yards by a quarterback in a season (1,039).", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ National Council of Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (NSPCA), also known as the National Council of SPCAs, is the largest and oldest animal welfare organisation in South Africa.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The NSPCA handles all matters relating to animal cruelty involving all animal species and is a registered Non-Profit Organisation registered with the Department of Social Development.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The NSPCA is referred to as \"NDBV\" in Afrikaans (one of the 11 official languages in South Africa) and is also known as Nasionale Raad van Dierebeskermingsverenigings (NDBV).", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ SPCA is DBV in Afrikaans.", "NSPCA - National Council of SPCAs __knowledge__ The Mission of the NSPCA is to prevent cruelty and promote the welfare of all animals, whilst their Vision is to end animal cruelty In South Africa and engender compassion for all animals.", "Illegal sports __knowledge__ An illegal sport is any sport that is illegal in one or more jurisdictions due to the violent or dangerous nature of the sport.", "Illegal sports __knowledge__ Well-known illegal sports, such as cockfighting and dogfighting, are barred on the basis of animal abuse.", "Illegal sports __knowledge__ Illegal sports are controversial due to the dangerous aspects attributed to them and the pain they can inflict on humans or animals.", "Illegal sports __knowledge__ They also are controversial due to the perceived nature of some of them-notably dogfighting-as being savage sports.", "Illegal sports __knowledge__ Cockfighting is a gambling and spectator sport where roosters fight, frequently to the death, in rings, while players place bets on which rooster will win.", "Shar Pei __knowledge__ The Shar-Pei, is a breed of dog known for its features of deep wrinkles and a blue-black tongue.", "Shar Pei __knowledge__ The breed originates from Canton, China.", "Shar Pei __knowledge__ The English name (沙皮, pinyin: \"shā pí\"; probably derived from British spelling of the Cantonese equivalent, \"sā pèih\") translates to \"sand skin\" and refers to the texture of its short, rough coat.", "Shar Pei __knowledge__ As puppies, Shar Pei have numerous wrinkles, but as they mature, these loosen and spread out as they \"grow into their skin\".", "Shar Pei __knowledge__ Shar Pei were named in 1978 as one of the world's rarest dog breeds by \"TIME\" magazine and the \"Guinness World Records\".", "Shar Pei __knowledge__ Although the Shar Pei has been identified as a basal breed that predates the emergence of the modern breeds in the 19th century, the American Kennel Club recognized it as their 134th breed only in 1992.", "Terrier __knowledge__ A terrier is a dog of any one of many breeds or landraces of the terrier type, which are typically small, wiry and fearless.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Terrier breeds vary greatly in size from just to over and are usually categorized by size or function.", "Terrier __knowledge__ There are five different groups with each group having several different breeds.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Most terrier breeds were developed in Great Britain and Ireland.", "Terrier __knowledge__ They were used to control rats, rabbits, and foxes both over and under the ground.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Some larger terriers were also used to hunt badgers.", "Terrier __knowledge__ The word terrier comes from the Middle French \"terre\", derived from the Latin word for earth, \"terra\".", "Alaunt __knowledge__ The Alaunt is an extinct breed of dog, with the original breed having existed in central Asia, Afghanistan and Europe from ancient times through the 17th century.", "Alaunt __knowledge__ The Alaunt breed had three distinct phenotypes: Alaunt Veantre, Alaunt Boucherie and the Alaunt Gentile.", "Alaunt __knowledge__ They all were large, short coated dogs of varying head-types.", "Alaunt __knowledge__ The former two resembled the molosser type dogs much like the present-day Dogo Argentino or like the Caucasian Shepherd Dog except with short hair and a mesocephalic head which made them excellent large-game hunters.", "Alaunt __knowledge__ The Alaunt was originally bred by the Alani tribes, the nomads of Indo-European Sarmatian ancestry who spoke an Iranian language." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Songpa District __knowledge__ Songpa-gu is a \"district\" of Seoul, South Korea.", "Songpa District __knowledge__ Songpa is located at the southeastern part of Seoul, the capital of South Korea.", "Songpa District __knowledge__ Songpa is also the largest population district with 647,000 residents, in Seoul.", "Songpa District __knowledge__ This had been called Wirye, when it was the first capital of Baekje.", "Songpa District __knowledge__ Songpa is generally referred to as a part of Greater Gangnam Area along with Gangnam District and Seocho District.", "Songpa District __knowledge__ Songpa was at the center of 1988 Seoul Olympics, and most of the sporting facilities associated with that event are located within the district.", "Songpa District __knowledge__ In 2009, Songpa District won the Livcom Awards of UNEP for the most liveable city.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Why Horror? __knowledge__ Why Horror?", "Why Horror? __knowledge__ is a 2014 Canadian documentary by filmmakers Nicolas Kleiman and Rob Lindsay.", "Why Horror? __knowledge__ A work-in-progress draft of the film was screened in August 2014 at the Fantasia Festival and the official final version was screened on 3 October 2014 at the Feratum Film Festival.", "Why Horror? __knowledge__ The documentary explores the psychology of the reasons why people enjoy the horror genre and includes interviews by several well-known horror icons.", "Why Horror? __knowledge__ Funding for the film was partially raised by a successful Kickstarter campaign.", "Why Horror? __knowledge__ The documentary follows horror movie fan and journalist Tal Zimerman as he tries to look at the reasons why people enjoy the horror genre.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Activities Division (SAD) is a division of the United States Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ Within SAD there are two separate groups: SAD/SOG for tactical paramilitary operations and SAD/PAG for covert political action.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ SAD's name changed to Special Activities Center as a result of the modernization and reorganization of the CIA in 2016.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Operations Group (SOG) is the department within SAD responsible for operations that include high-threat military or covert operations which the US government does not wish to be overtly associated.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ As such, unit members, called Paramilitary Operations Officers and Specialized Skills Officers, do not typically carry any objects or clothing, e.g., military uniforms, that would associate them with the United States government.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ The World of Eberron consists of a number of features for the Eberron campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ In the mythic past, the world was one great mass.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ The progenitor wyrms, the first and the greatest of dragon-kind, ruled all.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ The three most powerful - Siberys, Eberron, and Khyber - discovered the Prophecy.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ A world shattering struggle ensued.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ The battle split the world into three parts.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ Siberys became the glowing ring that surrounds the world and gave birth to the next generation of dragons.", "World of Eberron __knowledge__ Khyber was bound to the darkest depths and spat out various fiends and demons.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "Jaufre __knowledge__ Jaufre (also called Jaufré or Jaufri) is the only surviving Arthurian romance written in Occitan.", "Jaufre __knowledge__ A verse romance approximately 11,000 lines long, its main character is equivalent to Sir Griflet son of Do, a Knight of the Round Table known from other literature and deriving ultimately from the minor Welsh deity Gilfaethwy, son of the ancestral goddess Dôn ( compare the name of Jaufre's mother, Dovon ) and a character in Math fab Mathonwy, fourth of the Four Branches of the Mabinogi.", "Jaufre __knowledge__ Translations of \"Jaufre\" were popular on the Iberian peninsula; a version of the tale (from a Spanish redaction) even exists in Tagalog, the language of the Philippines.", "Undertale __knowledge__ Undertale is a role-playing video game created by American indie developer and composer Toby Fox.", "Undertale __knowledge__ In the game, players control a human child who has fallen into the Underground, a large, secluded region underneath the surface of the Earth, separated by a magic barrier.", "Undertale __knowledge__ The player meets various monsters during a quest to return to the surface, mainly through the combat system; the player navigates through mini-bullet hell attacks by the opponent, and can opt to pacify or subdue monsters in order to spare them instead of murdering them.", "Undertale __knowledge__ These choices affect the game, with the dialogue, characters, and story changing based on outcomes.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Below is a list of all the villains who appear in the \"Ben 10\" universe ranging from \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Each of the villains has been sorted into the TV series that he or she debuted in.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Voiced by: Vilgax is a warlord who is Ben's first and most recurring nemesis through the series.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Being of the Chimera Sui Generis (named after the mythological Chimera) race, who are able to turn into giant squid-like creatures when exposed to water, Vilgax was exiled from his home world for being ruthless, cruel, and power hungry.", "List of Ben 10 villains __knowledge__ Soon after, Vilgax meets Maltruant as depicted in the Omniverse series finale which had him indirectly learn of the Omnitrix's existence when attacked by George Washington and a mysterious figure later revealed to be Ben.", "Black market __knowledge__ A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or transaction that has some aspect of illegality or is characterized by some form of noncompliant behavior with an institutional set of rules.", "Black market __knowledge__ If the rule defines the set of goods and services whose production and distribution is prohibited by law, non-compliance with the rule constitutes a black market trade since the transaction itself is illegal.", "Black market __knowledge__ Parties engaging in the production or distribution of prohibited goods and services are members of the illegal economy.", "Black market __knowledge__ Examples include the drug trade, prostitution (where prohibited), illegal currency transactions and human trafficking.", "Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof __knowledge__ The Anhalter Bahnhof is a former railway terminus in Berlin, Germany, approximately 600 metres (0.5 mi) southeast of Potsdamer Platz.", "Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof __knowledge__ Once one of Berlin's most important railway stations, it was severely damaged in World War II, and finally closed for traffic in 1952, when the GDR-owned \"Deutsche Reichsbahn\" rerouted all railway traffic between Berlin and places in the GDR avoiding the West Berlin area.", "Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof __knowledge__ The station's name lives on in the Berlin S-Bahn station of the same name, opened in October 1939 as part of the \"North-South S-Bahn link\".", "Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof __knowledge__ The Anhalter Bahnhof was the Berlin terminus of a line begun on 15 April 1839, opened on 1 July 1841 as far as Jüterbog (the inaugural train being hauled by the very first Borsig locomotive), and extended to Dessau, Köthen and beyond at later dates." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP (acronym for Bay Area Dog-lovers Responsible About Pit Bulls) is an animal welfare and rescue group based in Oakland, California, devoted to caring for and improving the public image of pit bull terriers as pets.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP is a federal non-profit organization (under IRS Code 501(c)3) located in Oakland, California.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 1999 to address the needs of homeless dogs, specifically homeless American Pit Bull Terriers, and to provide support and resources to animal welfare organizations that deal with pit bulls.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ The organization also focuses on providing owner support, in the form of training, spay/neuter assistance and other resources, to families who own pit bulls.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The Pittsburgh Xplosion was a member of the Continental Basketball Association from 2006–2008.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ Founded in 2004 as the Pittsburgh Hard Hats as a member of the ABA, the team, following an ownership change, took the court as the Pennsylvania Pit Bulls.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The team became the Xplosion in 2005, and joined the CBA in 2006.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ It has been replaced in the ABA with the modern day Pittsburgh Phantoms.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The Xplosion played at Pittsburgh Civic Arena and on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh at the Petersen Events Center, both in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Pittsburgh Xplosion __knowledge__ The Pittsburgh Hardhats were an American Basketball Association team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation began in April 2007 with a search of property in Surry County, Virginia, owned by Michael Vick, who was at the time quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons football team, and the subsequent discovery of evidence of a dog fighting ring.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ Over seventy dogs, mostly pit bull terriers, with some said to be showing signs of injuries, were seized, along with physical evidence during several searches of Vick's property by local, state and federal authorities.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The case drew widespread publicity to the issues of animal abuse and dog fighting.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ It also drew attention to unlawful gambling and drug activities which authorities claim often accompany dog fighting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Pit bull is the common name for a type of dog.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Formal breeds often considered in North America to be of the pit bull type include the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Bully, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The American Bulldog is also sometimes included.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Many of these breeds were originally developed as fighting dogs from cross breeding bull-baiting dogs (used to hold the faces and heads of larger animals such as bulls) and terriers.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ After the use of dogs in blood sports was banned, such dogs were used as catch dogs in the United States for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt and drive livestock, and as family companions.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ Despite dog fighting now being illegal in the United States, it still exists as an underground activity, and pit bulls are a common breed of choice.", "Pit bull __knowledge__ The term pit bull is often used loosely to describe dogs with similar physical characteristics, and the morphological (physical) variation amongst \"bully breed\" dogs makes it difficult for anyone, even experts, to visually identify them as distinct from \"non-pit bulls\".", "Pit bull __knowledge__ While mixed breed dogs are often labeled as \"pit bulls\" if they have certain physical characteristics such as a square shaped head or bulky body type, visual identification of mixed breed dogs is not recommended by the scholarly community.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Breed-specific legislation is a law passed by a legislative body pertaining to a specific breed or breeds of domesticated animals.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ In practice, it generally refers to laws pertaining to a specific dog breed or breeds.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions have enacted breed-specific legislation in response to a number of well-publicized incidents involving pit bull-type dogs or other dog breeds commonly used in dog fighting, and some government organizations such as the United States Army and Marine Corps have taken administrative action as well.", "Breed-specific legislation __knowledge__ This legislation ranges from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that these dogs are \"prima facie\" legally \"dangerous\" or \"vicious\".", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Dog breeds are dogs that have relatively uniform physical characteristics developed under controlled conditions by humans, with breeding animals selected for phenotypic traits such as size, coat color, structure, and behavior.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes 337 pure dog breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs may include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species." ] ]

[ 4, 6, 6, 7, 8 ]

[ "I guess it depends on how their raised, they do have fighting in their blood as they were originally developed as fighting dogs.", "No it is illegal in the US, though still exists in the underground world.", "I don't know, they must be sick people, and they do it for the money too. I know pit bulls are a common breed in dog fighting rings, probably why people associate them with aggressiveness.", "They are quite majestic, it's interesting how the term pit bull is often used loosely to describe different breeds of dogs with similar physical characteristics sometimes.", "Well basically if the dog has a square shaped head and/or a bulky body type, people just assume it's a pit bull even though it may be a mixed breed or a different breed entirely." ]

[ "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull", "Pit bull" ]

[ "Pancake", "Pancakes are something i have taken for granted in my life, but now that you have asked it is my belief that pancakes are too high in Carbohydrates and must be avoided at all costs in my daily dietary regimen.", "Wow! I had not heard that. I simply assumed that they collected the grains and ate them raw, like Granola. But now that you mention it, that makes sense since they had to de-chaff the grains, then they could have ground them up into flour and cooked them in a Stone?? pan over the fire.", "You mean a crepe. i have had crepes, and i did not especially care for them; however, i could probably stuff them with something I would like at home and render them palatable." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A \"crêpe\" is a thin Breton pancake of French origin cooked on one or both sides in a special pan or crepe maker to achieve a lacelike network of fine bubbles.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A well-known variation originating from southeast Europe is a \"palačinke\", a thin moist pancake fried on both sides and filled with jam, cheese cream, chocolate, or ground walnuts, but many other fillings—sweet or savoury—can also be used.", "Pancake __knowledge__ When potato is used as a major portion of the batter, the result is a \"potato pancake\".", "Pancake __knowledge__ Commercially prepared pancake mixes are available in some countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A \"crêpe\" is a thin Breton pancake of French origin cooked on one or both sides in a special pan or crepe maker to achieve a lacelike network of fine bubbles.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A well-known variation originating from southeast Europe is a \"palačinke\", a thin moist pancake fried on both sides and filled with jam, cheese cream, chocolate, or ground walnuts, but many other fillings—sweet or savoury—can also be used.", "Pancake __knowledge__ When potato is used as a major portion of the batter, the result is a \"potato pancake\".", "Pancake __knowledge__ Commercially prepared pancake mixes are available in some countries.", "Dietary fiber __knowledge__ Dietary fiber or roughage is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants.", "Dietary fiber __knowledge__ It has two main components: Dietary fibers can act by changing the nature of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract and by changing how other nutrients and chemicals are absorbed.", "Dietary fiber __knowledge__ Some types of soluble fiber absorb water to become a gelatinous, viscous substance which is fermented by bacteria in the digestive tract.", "Dietary fiber __knowledge__ Some types of insoluble fiber have bulking action and are not fermented.", "Dietary fiber __knowledge__ Lignin, a major dietary insoluble fiber source, may alter the rate and metabolism of soluble fibers.", "Dietary fiber __knowledge__ Other types of insoluble fiber, notably resistant starch, are fully fermented.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ Copper is an essential trace element that is vital to the health of all living things (humans, plants, animals, and microorganisms).", "Copper in health __knowledge__ In humans, copper is essential to the proper functioning of organs and metabolic processes.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ The human body has complex homeostatic mechanisms which attempt to ensure a constant supply of available copper, while eliminating excess copper whenever this occurs.", "Copper in health __knowledge__ However, like all essential elements and nutrients, too much or too little nutritional ingestion of copper can result in a corresponding condition of copper excess or deficiency in the body, each of which has its own unique set of adverse health effects.", "Sports nutrition __knowledge__ Sports nutrition is the study and practice of nutrition and diet with regards to improving anyone's athletic performance.", "Sports nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is an important part of many sports training regimens, being popular in strength sports (such as weightlifting and bodybuilding) and endurance sports (e.g.", "Sports nutrition __knowledge__ cycling, running, swimming, rowing).", "Sports nutrition __knowledge__ Sports Nutrition focuses its studies on the type, as well as the quantity of fluids and food taken by an athlete.", "Sports nutrition __knowledge__ In addition, it deals with the consumption of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, supplements and organic substances that include carbohydrates, proteins and fats.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Johnnycake __knowledge__ Johnnycake (also called journey cake, shawnee cake or johnny bread) is a cornmeal flatbread.", "Johnnycake __knowledge__ An early American staple food, it is prepared on the Atlantic coast from Newfoundland to Jamaica.", "Johnnycake __knowledge__ The food originates from the native inhabitants of North America.", "Johnnycake __knowledge__ It is still eaten in the West Indies, Dominican Republic, Saint Croix, Bahamas, Colombia, and Bermuda as well as in the United States and Canada.", "Johnnycake __knowledge__ The modern johnnycake is found in the cuisine of New England, and often claimed as originating in Rhode Island.", "Johnnycake __knowledge__ A modern johnnycake is fried cornmeal gruel, which is made from yellow or white cornmeal mixed with salt and hot water or milk, and sometimes sweetened.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A \"crêpe\" is a thin Breton pancake of French origin cooked on one or both sides in a special pan or crepe maker to achieve a lacelike network of fine bubbles.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A well-known variation originating from southeast Europe is a \"palačinke\", a thin moist pancake fried on both sides and filled with jam, cheese cream, chocolate, or ground walnuts, but many other fillings—sweet or savoury—can also be used.", "Pancake __knowledge__ When potato is used as a major portion of the batter, the result is a \"potato pancake\".", "Pancake __knowledge__ Commercially prepared pancake mixes are available in some countries.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage.", "Bigu (grain avoidance) __knowledge__ Bigu () is a Daoist fasting technique associated with achieving \"xian\" \"transcendence; immortality\".", "Bigu (grain avoidance) __knowledge__ Grain avoidance is related to multifaceted Chinese cultural beliefs.", "Bigu (grain avoidance) __knowledge__ For instance, \"bigu\" fasting was the common medical cure for expelling the \"sanshi\" 三尸 \"Three Corpses\", the malevolent, grain-eating spirits that live in the human body (along with the hun and po souls), report their host's sins to heaven every 60 days, and carry out punishments of sickness and early death.", "Bigu (grain avoidance) __knowledge__ Avoiding \"grains\" has been diversely interpreted to mean not eating particular foodstuffs (food grain, cereal, the Five Grains, \"wugu\", or staple food), or not eating any food (inedia, breatharianism, or aerophagia).", "Rice __knowledge__ Rice is the seed of the grass species \"Oryza sativa\" (Asian rice) or \"Oryza glaberrima\" (African rice).", "Rice __knowledge__ As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.", "Rice __knowledge__ It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).", "Rice __knowledge__ Since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Korean regional cuisine __knowledge__ Korean regional cuisines () are characterized by local specialties and distinctive styles within Korean cuisine.", "Korean regional cuisine __knowledge__ The divisions reflected historical boundaries of the provinces where these food and culinary traditions were preserved until modern times.", "Korean regional cuisine __knowledge__ Although Korea has been divided into two nation-states since 1948 (North Korea and South Korea), it was once divided into eight provinces (\"paldo\") according to the administrative districts of the Joseon Dynasty.", "Korean regional cuisine __knowledge__ The northern region consisted of Hamgyeong, Pyeongan, and Hwanghae provinces.", "Korean regional cuisine __knowledge__ The central region comprised Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, and Gangwon provinces.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain __knowledge__ The Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain describes the process which changed the language and culture of most of what became England from Romano-British to Germanic.", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain __knowledge__ The Germanic-speakers in Britain, themselves of diverse origins, eventually developed a common cultural identity as Anglo-Saxons.", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain __knowledge__ This process occurred from the mid-fifth to early seventh centuries, following the end of Roman power in Britain around the year 410.", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain __knowledge__ The settlement was followed by the establishment of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in the south and east of Britain, later followed by the rest of modern England.", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain __knowledge__ The available evidence includes the scanty contemporary and near-contemporary written record, and archaeological and genetic information.", "History of Medieval Cumbria __knowledge__ The history of medieval Cumbria has several points of interest.", "History of Medieval Cumbria __knowledge__ The region's status as a borderland coping with 400 years of warfare is one.", "History of Medieval Cumbria __knowledge__ The attitude of the English central government, at once uninterested and deeply interested, is another.", "History of Medieval Cumbria __knowledge__ The interaction of various invaders (Angles, Norse, Strathclyde British, Scots and English) and the emergence of the modern county are others.", "History of Medieval Cumbria __knowledge__ By the official Roman break with Britannia in 410, most of Britain was already effectively independent of the empire.", "History of Medieval Cumbria __knowledge__ In Cumbria, the Roman presence had been almost entirely military rather than civil, and the withdrawal is unlikely to have caused much change.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic (or \"Palaeolithic\") age is a prehistoric period of human history distinguished by the development of the most primitive stone tools and covers roughly 95% of human technological prehistory.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ It extends from the earliest known use of stone tools, probably by \"Homo habilis\" initially, 2.6 million years ago, to the end of the Pleistocene around 10,000 BP.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic era is followed by the Mesolithic.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The date of the Paleolithic–Mesolithic boundary may vary by locality as much as several thousand years.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ During the Paleolithic period, humans grouped together in small societies such as bands, and subsisted by gathering plants and fishing, hunting or scavenging wild animals.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ The history of Cumbria as a county of England begins with the Local Government Act 1972.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Its territory and constituent parts however have a long history under various other administrative and historic units of governance.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria is an upland, coastal and rural area, with a history of invasions, migration and settlement, as well as battles and skirmishes between the English and the Scots.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria was created as a county in 1974 from territory of the historic counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire North of the Sands and a small part of Yorkshire, but the human history of the area is ancient." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A \"crêpe\" is a thin Breton pancake of French origin cooked on one or both sides in a special pan or crepe maker to achieve a lacelike network of fine bubbles.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A well-known variation originating from southeast Europe is a \"palačinke\", a thin moist pancake fried on both sides and filled with jam, cheese cream, chocolate, or ground walnuts, but many other fillings—sweet or savoury—can also be used.", "Pancake __knowledge__ When potato is used as a major portion of the batter, the result is a \"potato pancake\".", "Pancake __knowledge__ Commercially prepared pancake mixes are available in some countries.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Crêpe __knowledge__ A crêpe or crepe ( or , , ) is a type of very thin pastry, usually made from wheat flour (\"crêpes de froment\") or buckwheat flour (galettes).", "Crêpe __knowledge__ Crêpes belong to the general category of ancient Greek Tiganitai, from Greek tiganos (τίγανος), meaning \"frying pan\", which in English is literally translated to Pancakes [Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae, XIV, 645c; Galen, On the Properties of Foods, I, 3].", "Crêpe __knowledge__ The French term, crêpe, derives from the Latin \"crispa\", meaning tiganitai with \"creases\".", "Crêpe __knowledge__ While crêpes are often associated with Brittany, a region in the northwest of France, their consumption is widespread in France, Belgium, Canada, and many parts of Europe, North Africa, and the Southern Cone of South America.", "Crepe maker __knowledge__ A crepe maker is a cooking device used to make crepes, galettes, pancakes, blinis or tortillas.", "Crepe maker __knowledge__ It should not be mistaken for a regular pan or a crepe pan.", "Crepe maker __knowledge__ Crepe makers were originally large cast-iron plates set over the fire to cook cereal-based batters.", "Crepe maker __knowledge__ The machines have since evolved and the cast-iron plates were set on top of stainless steel frames.", "Crepe maker __knowledge__ These first machines were electric machines, and later on, gas crepe griddles were developed as well.", "Crepe maker __knowledge__ Although professional cast-iron crepe makers usually need to be seasoned, non-stick cast-iron griddles can now be commonly found on the market.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ A doughnut or donut (both: or ; see spelling differences) is a type of fried dough confectionery or dessert food.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ The doughnut is popular in many countries and prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, and typically either ring-shaped or a number of shapes without a hole, and often filled, but can also be ball-shaped (the \"hole\").", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Other types of batters can also be used, and various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 8, 26 ]

[ "Do you like pancakes which are thing and round cakes prepared from a batter with eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a griddle?", "Yes, I try to limit carbs too. Archaeological evidence suggests that the earliest cereal food eaten in prehistoric times were probably pancakes!", "In southeast Europe, a variation of the pancake is a palacinke which is a thing and moist cake which is fried and filled with jams, cream cheese or many other fillings.", "They are similar to crepes which are associated with a region in France called Brittany." ]

[ "Pancake", "Pancake", "Pancake", "Pancake" ]

[ "Gibson Les Paul", "I have never of heard of it. Can you tell me more about it?", "I see, and was it a very popular device?", "That makes sense. Do you know how to play electric guitar?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Gibson Les Paul is a solid body electric guitar that was first sold by the Gibson Guitar Corporation in 1952.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was designed by Gibson president Ted McCarty, factory manager John Huis and their team, along with guitarist/inventor Les Paul.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was originally offered with a gold finish and two P-90 pickups.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1957, humbucking pickups were added, along with sunburst finishes in 1958.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The sunburst 1958–1960 Les Paul – today one of the best-known electric guitar types in the world – was considered a failure, with low production and sales.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ For 1961, the Les Paul was redesigned into what is now known as the Gibson SG.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ This design continued as a separate guitar when the traditional single cutaway, carved top bodystyle was re-introduced in 1968.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul has been continually produced in countless versions and editions since.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Along with Fender's Telecaster and Stratocaster, it was one of the first mass-produced electric solid-body guitars.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Due to their versatility Les Pauls have been used in a wide range of music genres, including rock, country, pop, soul, rhythm and blues, blues, jazz, reggae, punk, and heavy metal.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1950, the ancestors of Fender Telecaster (Fender Esquire and Fender Broadcaster) were introduced to the musical market and solid-body electric guitars became a public craze." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Gibson Les Paul is a solid body electric guitar that was first sold by the Gibson Guitar Corporation in 1952.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was designed by Gibson president Ted McCarty, factory manager John Huis and their team, along with guitarist/inventor Les Paul.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was originally offered with a gold finish and two P-90 pickups.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1957, humbucking pickups were added, along with sunburst finishes in 1958.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The sunburst 1958–1960 Les Paul – today one of the best-known electric guitar types in the world – was considered a failure, with low production and sales.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ For 1961, the Les Paul was redesigned into what is now known as the Gibson SG.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ This design continued as a separate guitar when the traditional single cutaway, carved top bodystyle was re-introduced in 1968.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul has been continually produced in countless versions and editions since.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Along with Fender's Telecaster and Stratocaster, it was one of the first mass-produced electric solid-body guitars.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Due to their versatility Les Pauls have been used in a wide range of music genres, including rock, country, pop, soul, rhythm and blues, blues, jazz, reggae, punk, and heavy metal.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1950, the ancestors of Fender Telecaster (Fender Esquire and Fender Broadcaster) were introduced to the musical market and solid-body electric guitars became a public craze.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ The Dominici affair was the criminal investigation into the triple murder of three Britons in France.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ During the night of 4/5 August 1952, Sir Jack Drummond, a 61-year-old scientist; his 44-year-old wife Anne Wilbraham; and their 10-year-old daughter Elizabeth were murdered next to their car which was parked in a lay-by near \"La Grand'Terre\", the farm belonging to the Dominici family, located near the village of Lurs in the département of Basses-Alpes (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence).", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ Family patriarch Gaston Dominici was convicted of the three murders in 1957 and sentenced to death, though it was widely believed that his guilt had not been clearly established.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Shemot (parsha) __knowledge__ Shemot, Shemoth, or Shemos ( — Hebrew for \"names,\" the second word, and first distinctive word, of the parashah) is the thirteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the first in the Book of Exodus.", "Shemot (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the Israelites' affliction in Egypt, the hiding and rescuing of the infant Moses, Moses in Midian, the calling of Moses, circumcision on the way, meeting the elders, and Moses before Pharaoh.", "Shemot (parsha) __knowledge__ It is made up of 6,762 Hebrew letters, 1,763 Hebrew words, 124 verses, and can occupy about 215 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Solid body __knowledge__ A solid-body musical instrument is a string instrument such as a guitar, bass or violin built without its normal sound box and relying on an electric pickup system to directly receive the vibrations of the strings.", "Solid body __knowledge__ Solid-body instruments are preferred in situations where acoustic feedback may otherwise be a problem and are inherently both less expensive to build and more rugged than acoustic electric instruments.", "Solid body __knowledge__ The most well-known solid body instruments are the electric guitar and electric bass.", "Solid body __knowledge__ These were instrumental in creating new genres of music such as rock and heavy metal.", "Solid body __knowledge__ Common woods used in the construction of solid body instruments are ash, alder, maple, mahogany, korina, spruce, rosewood, and ebony.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ Lester William Polsfuss (June 9, 1915 – August 12, 2009), known as Les Paul, was an American jazz, country, and blues guitarist, songwriter, luthier, and inventor.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ He was one of the pioneers of the solid-body electric guitar.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ Paul taught himself how to play guitar, and while he is mainly known for jazz and popular music, he had an early career in country music.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ He is credited with many recording innovations.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ Although he was not the first to use the technique, his early experiments with overdubbing (also known as sound on sound), delay effects such as tape delay, phasing effects and multitrack recording were among the first to attract widespread attention.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ Electric guitar design is a type of industrial design where the looks and efficiency of the shape as well as the acoustical aspects of the guitar are important factors.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ In the past many guitars have been designed with all kinds of odd shapes as well as very practical and convenient solutions to improve the usability of the object.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ George Beauchamp invented the electric guitar by designing a lap steel guitar with a pickup.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ The first electrified fretted guitars were hollow-bodied archtop acoustic guitars to which some form of electromagnetic transducer had been attached.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ Electric guitars were originally designed by an assortment of luthiers, electronics enthusiasts, and instrument manufacturers, in varying combinations.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Gibson Brands, Inc. (formerly Gibson Guitar Corp.) is an American manufacturer of guitars, other musical instruments, and consumer and professional electronics now based in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Gibson __knowledge__ The company was formerly known as Gibson Guitar Corp. and renamed Gibson Brands, Inc. on June 11, 2013.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Orville Gibson founded the company in 1902 as \"The Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Co., Ltd.\" in Kalamazoo, Michigan to make mandolin-family instruments.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Gibson invented archtop guitars by constructing the same type of carved, arched tops used on violins.", "Gibson __knowledge__ By the 1930s, the company was also making flattop acoustic guitars, as well as one of the first commercially available hollow-body electric guitars, used and popularized by Charlie Christian.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Gibson Les Paul is a solid body electric guitar that was first sold by the Gibson Guitar Corporation in 1952.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was designed by Gibson president Ted McCarty, factory manager John Huis and their team, along with guitarist/inventor Les Paul.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was originally offered with a gold finish and two P-90 pickups.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1957, humbucking pickups were added, along with sunburst finishes in 1958.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The sunburst 1958–1960 Les Paul – today one of the best-known electric guitar types in the world – was considered a failure, with low production and sales.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ For 1961, the Les Paul was redesigned into what is now known as the Gibson SG.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ This design continued as a separate guitar when the traditional single cutaway, carved top bodystyle was re-introduced in 1968.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul has been continually produced in countless versions and editions since.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Along with Fender's Telecaster and Stratocaster, it was one of the first mass-produced electric solid-body guitars.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Due to their versatility Les Pauls have been used in a wide range of music genres, including rock, country, pop, soul, rhythm and blues, blues, jazz, reggae, punk, and heavy metal.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1950, the ancestors of Fender Telecaster (Fender Esquire and Fender Broadcaster) were introduced to the musical market and solid-body electric guitars became a public craze.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Programmable Array Logic __knowledge__ Programmable Array Logic (PAL) is a family of programmable logic device semiconductors used to implement logic functions in digital circuits introduced by Monolithic Memories, Inc. (MMI) in March 1978.", "Programmable Array Logic __knowledge__ MMI obtained a registered trademark on the term PAL for use in \"Programmable Semiconductor Logic Circuits\".", "Programmable Array Logic __knowledge__ The trademark is currently held by Lattice Semiconductor.", "Programmable Array Logic __knowledge__ PAL devices consisted of a small PROM (programmable read-only memory) core and additional output logic used to implement particular desired logic functions with few components.", "Programmable Array Logic __knowledge__ Using specialized machines, PAL devices were \"field-programmable\".", "Laryngoscopy __knowledge__ Laryngoscopy is endoscopy of the larynx, a part of the throat.", "Laryngoscopy __knowledge__ It is a medical procedure that is used to obtain a view, for example, of the vocal folds and the glottis.", "Laryngoscopy __knowledge__ Laryngoscopy may be performed to facilitate tracheal intubation during general anaesthesia or cardiopulmonary resuscitation or for surgical procedures on the larynx or other parts of the upper tracheobronchial tree.", "Laryngoscopy __knowledge__ Direct laryngoscopy is carried out (usually) with the patient lying on his or her back; the laryngoscope is inserted into the mouth on the right side and flipped to the left to trap and move the tongue out of the line of sight, and, depending on the type of blade used, inserted either anterior or posterior to the epiglottis and then lifted with an upwards and forward motion (\"away from you and towards the roof \").", "Game Boy Camera __knowledge__ The Game Boy Camera (GBC), released as in Japan, is a Nintendo accessory for the handheld Game Boy gaming console and was released on February 21, 1998 in Japan, which ceased manufacture in late 2002.", "Game Boy Camera __knowledge__ It is compatible with all of the Game Boy platforms (including Super Game Boy and with the exception of Game Boy Micro).", "Game Boy Camera __knowledge__ The camera has a 128×128 pixel CMOS sensor, The Game Boy Camera comes in five different standard colors: blue, green, red, yellow and clear purple (Japan only).", "Game Boy Camera __knowledge__ There was also a limited edition gold \"\" edition, which contains different stamps from the standard versions and was available only in the United States through a mail order offer from Nintendo Power.", "Hauppauge Computer Works __knowledge__ Hauppauge Computer Works ( ), or just Hauppauge, is a US manufacturer and marketer of electronic video hardware for personal computers.", "Hauppauge Computer Works __knowledge__ Although it is most widely known for its WinTV line of TV tuner cards for PCs, Hauppauge also produces personal video recorders, digital video editors, digital media players, hybrid video recorders and digital television products for both Windows and Mac.", "Hauppauge Computer Works __knowledge__ The company is named after the hamlet of Hauppauge, New York, in which it is based.", "Hauppauge Computer Works __knowledge__ It is sometimes misspelled as Happage, Happauge, or Hauppage.", "Hauppauge Computer Works __knowledge__ In addition to its headquarters in New York, Hauppauge also has sales and technical support offices in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, Italy, Poland, Australia, Japan, Singapore, Indonesia, Taiwan, Spain and the UK.", "Louis Silberkleit __knowledge__ Louis Horace Silberkleit (; 17 November 1900 – 21 February 1986) was an American magazine, comic book, and book publisher, who was founder (along with Maurice Coyne and John L. Goldwater) of MLJ Magazines (later known as Archie Comics), and served as its publisher for many years.", "Louis Silberkleit __knowledge__ Silberkleit attended Morris High School in the Bronx, graduating in 1919.", "Louis Silberkleit __knowledge__ His first job was in 1923 as Circulation Promoter for \"The New York Evening Mail\".", "Louis Silberkleit __knowledge__ In 1925 he moved over to Eastern Distributing Corporation, which distributed many of the early pulp magazines published by Hugo Gernsback.", "Louis Silberkleit __knowledge__ Silberkleit started out as Eastern's Circulation Manager of periodicals, and by 1929 had been promoted to Circulation Manager of the entire company.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ Lester William Polsfuss (June 9, 1915 – August 12, 2009), known as Les Paul, was an American jazz, country, and blues guitarist, songwriter, luthier, and inventor.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ He was one of the pioneers of the solid-body electric guitar.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ Paul taught himself how to play guitar, and while he is mainly known for jazz and popular music, he had an early career in country music.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ He is credited with many recording innovations.", "Les Paul __knowledge__ Although he was not the first to use the technique, his early experiments with overdubbing (also known as sound on sound), delay effects such as tape delay, phasing effects and multitrack recording were among the first to attract widespread attention.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Gibson Brands, Inc. (formerly Gibson Guitar Corp.) is an American manufacturer of guitars, other musical instruments, and consumer and professional electronics now based in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Gibson __knowledge__ The company was formerly known as Gibson Guitar Corp. and renamed Gibson Brands, Inc. on June 11, 2013.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Orville Gibson founded the company in 1902 as \"The Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Co., Ltd.\" in Kalamazoo, Michigan to make mandolin-family instruments.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Gibson invented archtop guitars by constructing the same type of carved, arched tops used on violins.", "Gibson __knowledge__ By the 1930s, the company was also making flattop acoustic guitars, as well as one of the first commercially available hollow-body electric guitars, used and popularized by Charlie Christian.", "Gibson Les Paul Junior __knowledge__ The Gibson Les Paul Jr. is a solid-body electric guitar introduced in 1954 as an affordable, entry-level Les Paul.", "Gibson Les Paul Junior __knowledge__ It was first released with a single-cut body style; models with a double-cut body style were later introduced in 1958.", "Gibson Les Paul Junior __knowledge__ The Jr. continued through the first three years of the Les Paul/SG body redesign.", "Gibson Les Paul Junior __knowledge__ It was discontinued in 1963, and The goal for the Les Paul Jr. was to have a high-quality guitar that was still affordable.", "Gibson Les Paul Junior __knowledge__ This was achieved by stripping the Gibson Les Paul down to the basics: no binding, no carved top, one pickup, one volume knob and one tone knob.", "Gibson Les Paul Junior __knowledge__ The Junior was equipped with one P-90 dog-ear pickup in the bridge.", "Epiphone Les Paul __knowledge__ The Epiphone Les Paul is a solid body guitar line produced by Epiphone as a more modestly priced version of the famous Gibson Les Paul.", "Epiphone Les Paul __knowledge__ Epiphone is a subsidiary of Gibson Guitar Corporation and manufactures the Les Paul model and other budget models at a lower cost in Asia.", "Epiphone Les Paul __knowledge__ Visually and ergonomically, it's almost identical to a Gibson Les Paul Very similar to a Gibson Les Paul standard, it has a solid mahogany body, mahogany neck (most models) with a rosewood fingerboard, Alnico Classic Humbuckers, Grover tuning pegs, and a Tune-o-Matic bridge.", "Epiphone Les Paul __knowledge__ It is considered by some as the flagship model of Les Paul manufactured by Epiphone.", "Gibson Les Paul Custom __knowledge__ The Gibson Les Paul Custom is a higher end variation of the Gibson Les Paul guitar.", "Gibson Les Paul Custom __knowledge__ It was developed in 1953 after Gibson had introduced the Les Paul model in 1952.", "Gibson Les Paul Custom __knowledge__ The Gibson Les Paul was introduced in 1952, and was originally made with a mahogany body and a 1\" thick maple cap, mahogany neck with rosewood fret board and two P-90 pickups.", "Gibson Les Paul Custom __knowledge__ The guitar was only available in a gold finish.", "Gibson Les Paul Custom __knowledge__ In late 1953, a more luxurious version was introduced, most probably on specific request by Les Paul himself, as he wanted a more luxurious and classy looking guitar.", "Gibson Les Paul Custom __knowledge__ He requested a black guitar as he wanted it to \"look like a tuxedo\".", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Gibson Les Paul is a solid body electric guitar that was first sold by the Gibson Guitar Corporation in 1952.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was designed by Gibson president Ted McCarty, factory manager John Huis and their team, along with guitarist/inventor Les Paul.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul was originally offered with a gold finish and two P-90 pickups.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1957, humbucking pickups were added, along with sunburst finishes in 1958.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The sunburst 1958–1960 Les Paul – today one of the best-known electric guitar types in the world – was considered a failure, with low production and sales.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ For 1961, the Les Paul was redesigned into what is now known as the Gibson SG.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ This design continued as a separate guitar when the traditional single cutaway, carved top bodystyle was re-introduced in 1968.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ The Les Paul has been continually produced in countless versions and editions since.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Along with Fender's Telecaster and Stratocaster, it was one of the first mass-produced electric solid-body guitars.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ Due to their versatility Les Pauls have been used in a wide range of music genres, including rock, country, pop, soul, rhythm and blues, blues, jazz, reggae, punk, and heavy metal.", "Gibson Les Paul __knowledge__ In 1950, the ancestors of Fender Telecaster (Fender Esquire and Fender Broadcaster) were introduced to the musical market and solid-body electric guitars became a public craze.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ An effects unit or pedal is an electronic or digital device that alters how a musical instrument or other audio source sounds.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ In the 2010s, most effects use solid-state electronics and/or computer chips.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some vintage effects units from the 1930s to the 1970s and modern reissues of these effects use mechanical components as well (e.g., Leslie rotating speaker, spring reverb, and tape recorder-based echo effects) or vacuum tubes.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some effects subtly \"color\" a sound, such as a reverb unit used on a low setting, while others transform it dramatically, such as a distortion pedal used with electric guitar, with the overdrive set to its maximum level.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "George Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ George Warren Barnes (July 17, 1921 – September 5, 1977) was an American swing jazz guitarist who played the first electric guitar in 1931, preceding Charlie Christian by five years.", "George Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ He made the first commercial recording of an electric guitar on March 1, 1938, in sessions with Big Bill Broonzy.", "George Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ Barnes was born in South Chicago Heights, Illinois in 1921.", "George Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ His father was a guitarist and taught Barnes acoustic guitar at the age of nine.", "George Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ A year later, in 1931, Barnes's brother made a pickup and amplifier for him.", "George Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ Barnes said that he was the first person to play electric guitar.", "George Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ From 1935–1937, he had his own band that performed in the Midwest.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Wah-wah pedal __knowledge__ A wah-wah pedal (or simply wah pedal) is a type of electric guitar effects pedal that alters the tone and frequencies of the guitar signal to create a distinctive sound, mimicking the human voice saying the onomatopoeic name \"wah-wah\".", "Wah-wah pedal __knowledge__ The pedal sweeps the peak response of a frequency filter up and down in frequency to create the sound, a spectral glide, also known as \"the wah effect\".", "Wah-wah pedal __knowledge__ The wah-wah effect originated in the 1920s, with trumpet or trombone players finding they could produce an expressive crying tone by moving a mute in and out of the instrument's bell.", "Wah-wah pedal __knowledge__ This was later simulated with electronic circuitry for the electric guitar when the wah-wah pedal was invented.", "Gibson Moderne __knowledge__ The Gibson Moderne is an electric guitar model first designed by Gibson in 1957.", "Gibson Moderne __knowledge__ It was designed alongside the Flying V and Explorer-\"Futura\" as part of a stylistically advanced line of electric guitars.", "Gibson Moderne __knowledge__ However, unlike the Flying V and Explorer, the Moderne was not put into production until 1982.", "Gibson Moderne __knowledge__ Because few prototypes were made in the 1950s, and no authenticated example is currently known, the hypothetical 1958 Moderne has been called the \"mythical great white whale\" of collectible guitars.", "Gibson Moderne __knowledge__ By the mid-1950s Gibson Guitar Company had lost considerable market share to rival Fender's Telecaster and Stratocaster models and created three modernistic solid-body guitar concepts in an attempt to strike back.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Gibson Brands, Inc. (formerly Gibson Guitar Corp.) is an American manufacturer of guitars, other musical instruments, and consumer and professional electronics now based in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Gibson __knowledge__ The company was formerly known as Gibson Guitar Corp. and renamed Gibson Brands, Inc. on June 11, 2013.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Orville Gibson founded the company in 1902 as \"The Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Co., Ltd.\" in Kalamazoo, Michigan to make mandolin-family instruments.", "Gibson __knowledge__ Gibson invented archtop guitars by constructing the same type of carved, arched tops used on violins.", "Gibson __knowledge__ By the 1930s, the company was also making flattop acoustic guitars, as well as one of the first commercially available hollow-body electric guitars, used and popularized by Charlie Christian.", "Ted McCarty __knowledge__ Theodore \"Ted\" McCarty (October 10, 1909 – April 1, 2001) was an American businessman who worked with the Wurlitzer Company and the Gibson Guitar Corporation.", "Ted McCarty __knowledge__ In 1966, along with Gibson Vice President John Huis he purchased the Bigsby Company and became its President.", "Ted McCarty __knowledge__ He is known for his pioneering work while at Gibson, presiding over many guitar innovations and designs between 1950 and 1966.", "Ted McCarty __knowledge__ Born in Somerset, Kentucky in 1909, McCarty earned a degree in engineering from the University of Cincinnati before joining the Wurlitzer Company in 1936.", "Ted McCarty __knowledge__ He stayed with Wurlitzer until 1948 when he was recruited by Gibson.", "Gibson Flying V __knowledge__ The Gibson Flying V is an electric guitar model first released by Gibson in 1958.", "Gibson Flying V __knowledge__ The Flying V offered a radical, \"futuristic\" body design, much like its siblings: the Explorer, which was released the same year and the Moderne, which was designed in 1957 but not released until 1982.", "Gibson Flying V __knowledge__ Gibson first manufactured prototypes of the guitar in 1957.", "Gibson Flying V __knowledge__ Production guitars were made of korina wood, a trademarked name for limba, a wood similar to but lighter in color than mahogany.", "Gibson Flying V __knowledge__ This Flying V, along with the Futura (Explorer) and, initially, the Moderne, made up a line of modernist guitars designed by Gibson's then-president Ted McCarty.", "NAMM Oral History Program __knowledge__ The NAMM Oral History Program was created and is funded by NAMM, the International Association of Music Products.", "NAMM Oral History Program __knowledge__ The program was approved by the NAMM board of directors in the years before the association, which is known for its yearly trade shows, was ready to celebrate the 100 anniversary of the organization.", "NAMM Oral History Program __knowledge__ The first NAMM Oral History was conducted in April 2000 with former Gibson Guitar president Ted McCarty.", "NAMM Oral History Program __knowledge__ McCarty signed Les Paul on to Gibson in the 1950s to lend his name to the now famous Gibson Les Paul Guitar.", "NAMM Oral History Program __knowledge__ Paul was interviewed as part of the NAMM Oral History program back in 2008.", "Humbucker __knowledge__ A humbucking pickup, humbucker, or double coil, is a type of electric guitar pickup that uses two coils to \"buck the hum\" (or cancel out the interference) picked up by coil pickups.", "Humbucker __knowledge__ Most pickups use magnets to produce a magnetic field around the strings, and induce an electrical current in the coils as the strings vibrate (a notable exception is the piezoelectric pickup).", "Humbucker __knowledge__ Humbuckers work by pairing a coil with the north poles of its magnets oriented \"up\", (toward the strings) with a coil which has the south pole of its magnets oriented up.", "Humbucker __knowledge__ By connecting the coils together out of phase, the interference is significantly reduced via phase cancellation." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "The Gibson Les Paul is a great solid body electric guitar", "The Gibson Les Paul was sold by the gibson corp back in 1952", "Yes it was desinged by the gibson president ted mccarty", "No i cant play." ]

[ "Gibson Les Paul", "Gibson Les Paul", "Gibson Les Paul", "Gibson Les Paul" ]

[ "Migraine", "Yeah they are the worst the pain can get really intense to where you have to take medication", "What can be something that triggers a migrane?", "Yeah i always make sure to make my nutrition a priotiry, although migranes dont happen often to me what about youy" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Migraine __knowledge__ A migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Typically, the headaches affect one half of the head, are pulsating in nature, and last from two to 72 hours.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Associated symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light, sound, or smell.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The pain is generally made worse by physical activity.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Up to one-third of people have an aura: typically a short period of visual disturbance that signals that the headache will soon occur.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Occasionally, an aura can occur with little or no headache following it.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Migraines are believed to be due to a mixture of environmental and genetic factors.", "Migraine __knowledge__ About two-thirds of cases run in families.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Changing hormone levels may also play a role, as migraines affect slightly more boys than girls before puberty and two to three times more women than men.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The risk of migraines usually decreases during pregnancy.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The underlying mechanisms are not fully known.", "Migraine __knowledge__ It is, however, believed to involve the nerves and blood vessels of the brain.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Initial recommended treatment is with simple pain medication such as ibuprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) for the headache, medication for the nausea, and the avoidance of triggers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Migraine __knowledge__ A migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Typically, the headaches affect one half of the head, are pulsating in nature, and last from two to 72 hours.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Associated symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light, sound, or smell.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The pain is generally made worse by physical activity.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Up to one-third of people have an aura: typically a short period of visual disturbance that signals that the headache will soon occur.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Occasionally, an aura can occur with little or no headache following it.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Migraines are believed to be due to a mixture of environmental and genetic factors.", "Migraine __knowledge__ About two-thirds of cases run in families.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Changing hormone levels may also play a role, as migraines affect slightly more boys than girls before puberty and two to three times more women than men.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The risk of migraines usually decreases during pregnancy.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The underlying mechanisms are not fully known.", "Migraine __knowledge__ It is, however, believed to involve the nerves and blood vessels of the brain.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Initial recommended treatment is with simple pain medication such as ibuprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) for the headache, medication for the nausea, and the avoidance of triggers.", "Adherence (medicine) __knowledge__ In medicine, compliance (also adherence, capacitance) describes the degree to which a patient correctly follows medical advice.", "Adherence (medicine) __knowledge__ Most commonly, it refers to medication or drug compliance, but it can also apply to other situations such as medical device use, self care, self-directed exercises, or therapy sessions.", "Adherence (medicine) __knowledge__ Both patient and health-care provider affect compliance, and a positive physician-patient relationship is the most important factor in improving compliance, The cost of prescription medication also plays a major role.", "Adherence (medicine) __knowledge__ Compliance rates may be overestimated in the medical literature, as compliance is often high in the setting of a formal clinical trial but drops off in a \"real-world\" setting.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.", "Pain __knowledge__ The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition defines pain as \"an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage\", however, due to it being a complex, subjective phenomenon, defining pain has been a challenge.", "Pain __knowledge__ In medical diagnosis, pain is regarded as a symptom of an underlying condition.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals, and to avoid similar experiences in the future.", "The Open Door __knowledge__ The Open Door is the second studio album by American rock band Evanescence.", "The Open Door __knowledge__ It was released on September 25, 2006, through Wind-up Records.", "The Open Door __knowledge__ The initial date for the record to be made available for purchase was in March 2006, but was changed as a result of guitarist Terry Balsamo's stroke, the loss of the band's former manager, and Will Boyd's and Ben Moody's departure from the group.", "The Open Door __knowledge__ The record symbolizes a new beginning for the band, incorporating new elements into their previous musical styles, including gothic rock and symphonic metal as well as the use of choirs on several songs.", "The Open Door __knowledge__ The writing process for the album took over 18 months to complete; most of the songs were written by Amy Lee and Terry Balsamo, while production was handled by Dave Fortman.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "Major depressive disorder __knowledge__ Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known simply as depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of low mood that is present across most situations.", "Major depressive disorder __knowledge__ It is often accompanied by low self-esteem, loss of interest in normally enjoyable activities, low energy, and pain without a clear cause.", "Major depressive disorder __knowledge__ People may also occasionally have false beliefs or see or hear things that others cannot.", "Major depressive disorder __knowledge__ Some people have periods of depression separated by years in which they are normal while others nearly always have symptoms present.", "Major depressive disorder __knowledge__ Major depressive disorder can negatively affect a person's personal, work, or school life, as well as sleeping, eating habits, and general health.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headache is the symptom of pain anywhere in the region of the head or neck.", "Headache __knowledge__ It occurs in migraines (sharp, or throbbing pains), tension-type headaches, and cluster headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Frequent headaches can affect relationships and employment.", "Headache __knowledge__ There is also an increased risk of depression in those with severe headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headaches can occur as a result of many conditions whether serious or not.", "Headache __knowledge__ There are a number of different classification systems for headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ The most well-recognized is that of the International Headache Society.", "Headache __knowledge__ Causes of headaches may include fatigue, sleep deprivation, stress, the effects of medications, the effects of recreational drugs, viral infections, loud noises, common colds, head injury, rapid ingestion of a very cold food or beverage, and dental or sinus issues.", "ICHD classification and diagnosis of migraine __knowledge__ The classification of all headaches, including migraines, is organized by the International Headache Society, and published in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD).", "ICHD classification and diagnosis of migraine __knowledge__ The current version, the ICHD-3 beta, was published in 2013.", "ICHD classification and diagnosis of migraine __knowledge__ The first category within the ICHD is \"Migraine\".", "ICHD classification and diagnosis of migraine __knowledge__ Migraines in general are considered to be a neurological syndrome.", "ICHD classification and diagnosis of migraine __knowledge__ It is estimated that 11% (303 million) of the global population, including 43 million Europeans and 28 million Americans, experience migraines.", "ICHD classification and diagnosis of migraine __knowledge__ The ICHD-3 beta classification includes 6 main subtypes of migraine (ICHD-1: 7 main subtypes, ICHD-2: 6 main subtypes), most of which are further subdivided.", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Migraine treatment may be either prophylactic (preventive) or abortive (rescue).", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Prevention is better than cure, so the ideal treatment goal is to prevent migraine attacks.", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Because migraine is an exceedingly complex condition, there are various preventive treatments which have their effect by disrupting different links in the chain of events that occur during a migraine attack.", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ As rescue treatments also target and disrupt different processes occurring during migraine, these are summarized, with their relative merits and demerits.", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Preventive treatments can be sub-divided into non-drug treatments, and treatment with medication.", "Mixed tension migraine __knowledge__ Mixed tension migraines are also known as mixed migraines or mixed headaches.", "Mixed tension migraine __knowledge__ They combine characteristics of tension headaches and migraines.", "Mixed tension migraine __knowledge__ A person may be thought to have mixed headaches when, in addition to experiencing muscle tension headaches, they begin to experience migraine symptoms as well, such as light sensitivity triggering an attack.", "Mixed tension migraine __knowledge__ A person may also be thought to have this condition when they already experience migraines and then begin to experience chronic daily muscle tension headaches in addition to migraines.", "Mixed tension migraine __knowledge__ Mixed tension migraines are classified as primary headaches and can be either episodic and chronic, or daily.", "Triptan __knowledge__ Triptans are a family of tryptamine-based drugs used as abortive medication in the treatment of migraines and cluster headaches.", "Triptan __knowledge__ This drug class was first introduced in the 1990s.", "Triptan __knowledge__ While effective at treating individual headaches, they do not provide preventative treatment and are not considered a cure.", "Triptan __knowledge__ They are not effective for the treatment of tension headache or other kinds of pain.", "Triptan __knowledge__ The drugs of this class act as agonists for serotonin 5-HT and 5-HT receptors at blood vessels and nerve endings in the brain.", "Triptan __knowledge__ The first clinically available triptan was sumatriptan, which has been marketed since 1991.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Preventive (also called prophylactic) treatment of migraines can be an important component of migraine management.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Such treatments can take many forms, including everything from surgery, taking certain drugs or nutritional supplements, to lifestyle alterations such as increased exercise and avoidance of migraine triggers.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ The goals of preventive therapy are to reduce the frequency, painfulness, and/or duration of migraines, and to increase the effectiveness of abortive therapy.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Another reason to pursue these goals is to avoid medication overuse headache (MOH), otherwise known as rebound headache, which is a common problem among migraineurs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Migraine __knowledge__ A migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Typically, the headaches affect one half of the head, are pulsating in nature, and last from two to 72 hours.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Associated symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light, sound, or smell.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The pain is generally made worse by physical activity.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Up to one-third of people have an aura: typically a short period of visual disturbance that signals that the headache will soon occur.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Occasionally, an aura can occur with little or no headache following it.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Migraines are believed to be due to a mixture of environmental and genetic factors.", "Migraine __knowledge__ About two-thirds of cases run in families.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Changing hormone levels may also play a role, as migraines affect slightly more boys than girls before puberty and two to three times more women than men.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The risk of migraines usually decreases during pregnancy.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The underlying mechanisms are not fully known.", "Migraine __knowledge__ It is, however, believed to involve the nerves and blood vessels of the brain.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Initial recommended treatment is with simple pain medication such as ibuprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) for the headache, medication for the nausea, and the avoidance of triggers.", "Database trigger __knowledge__ A database trigger is procedural code that is automatically executed in response to certain events on a particular table or view in a database.", "Database trigger __knowledge__ The trigger is mostly used for maintaining the integrity of the information on the database.", "Database trigger __knowledge__ For example, when a new record (representing a new worker) is added to the employees table, new records should also be created in the tables of the taxes, vacations and salaries.", "Database trigger __knowledge__ Triggers can also be used to log historical data, for example to keep track of employees' previous salaries.", "Database trigger __knowledge__ Below follows a series of descriptions of how some popular DBMS support triggers.", "PostgreSQL __knowledge__ PostgreSQL, often simply Postgres, is an object-relational database management system (ORDBMS) with an emphasis on extensibility and standards compliance.", "PostgreSQL __knowledge__ As a database server, its primary functions are to store data securely and return that data in response to requests from other software applications.", "PostgreSQL __knowledge__ It can handle workloads ranging from small single-machine applications to large Internet-facing applications (or for data warehousing) with many concurrent users; on macOS Server, PostgreSQL is the default database; and it is also available for Microsoft Windows and Linux (supplied in most distributions).", "Process driven messaging service __knowledge__ A process driven messaging service (PDMS) is a service that is process oriented and exchanges messages/data calls.", "Process driven messaging service __knowledge__ A PDMS is a service where jobs and triggers can be put together to create a workflow for a message.", "Process driven messaging service __knowledge__ Messaging platforms are considered key Internet infrastructure elements.", "Process driven messaging service __knowledge__ A concept that once mainly encompassed email and IM has evolved to embrace complex multi-media email, instant messaging, and related fixed and mobile messaging infrastructure.", "Process driven messaging service __knowledge__ Arguably, everything transmitted on the Internet and wireless telecommunication links are messages.", "Process driven messaging service __knowledge__ PDMS exchanges messages for the purpose of all kind of messages/data calls between systems, applications and or human beings that is based upon event-driven process chains.", "Trigger (firearms) __knowledge__ A trigger is a mechanism that actuates the firing sequence of a firearm, airgun, crossbow or speargun.", "Trigger (firearms) __knowledge__ A trigger may also start other non-shooting mechanisms such as a trap, a switch or a quick release.", "Trigger (firearms) __knowledge__ A small amount of energy applied to the trigger causes the release of much more energy.", "Trigger (firearms) __knowledge__ In \"double action\" firearm designs, the trigger is also used to cock the firearm — and there are many designs where the trigger is used for a range of other functions.", "Trigger (firearms) __knowledge__ Although triggers usually consist of a lever actuated by the index finger, some such as the M2 Browning machine gun use the thumb, and others like the Springfield Armory M6 Scout use a \"squeeze-bar trigger.\"", "Oscilloscope __knowledge__ An oscilloscope, previously called an oscillograph, and informally known as a scope or o-scope, CRO (for cathode-ray oscilloscope), or DSO (for the more modern digital storage oscilloscope), is a type of electronic test instrument that allows observation of varying signal voltages, usually as a two-dimensional plot of one or more signals as a function of time.", "Oscilloscope __knowledge__ Other signals (such as sound or vibration) can be converted to voltages and displayed.", "Oscilloscope __knowledge__ Oscilloscopes are used to observe the change of an electrical signal over time, such that voltage and time describe a shape which is continuously graphed against a calibrated scale.", "Robert Langs __knowledge__ Robert Joseph Langs (June 30, 1928 – November 8, 2014) was a psychiatrist, psychotherapist and psychoanalyist, the author, co-author, and editor of more than forty books on psychotherapy and human psychology.", "Robert Langs __knowledge__ Over the course of more than fifty years, Langs developed a revised version of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, currently known as the “adaptive paradigm”.", "Robert Langs __knowledge__ This is a distinctive model of the mind, and particularly of the mind’s unconscious component, significantly different from other forms of psychoanalytic and psychodynamic psychotherapy.", "Robert Langs __knowledge__ Langs treated psychoanalysis as a biological science, subject to the laws of evolution and adaptation.", "Zendrum __knowledge__ A Zendrum is a hand-crafted MIDI controller that is used as a percussion instrument.", "Zendrum __knowledge__ The Zendrum was influenced by the \"Drumitar,\" invented by Future Man.", "Zendrum __knowledge__ There are several Zendrum models that are well-suited for live performances: the Z1, ZX, EXP, ZAP series, LT and the Mallet Pro series and Melodic Finger.", "Zendrum __knowledge__ The Zendrum ZX and Z1 can be worn like a guitar and consists of a triangular hardwood body with 24 touch-sensitive round MIDI triggers.", "Zendrum __knowledge__ The EXP has 29 triggers and additional controls.", "Zendrum __knowledge__ The Zendrum LT can also be worn with a guitar strap, and has 25 MIDI triggers in a symmetrical layout, which provides an ambidextrous playing surface.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headache is the symptom of pain anywhere in the region of the head or neck.", "Headache __knowledge__ It occurs in migraines (sharp, or throbbing pains), tension-type headaches, and cluster headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Frequent headaches can affect relationships and employment.", "Headache __knowledge__ There is also an increased risk of depression in those with severe headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headaches can occur as a result of many conditions whether serious or not.", "Headache __knowledge__ There are a number of different classification systems for headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ The most well-recognized is that of the International Headache Society.", "Headache __knowledge__ Causes of headaches may include fatigue, sleep deprivation, stress, the effects of medications, the effects of recreational drugs, viral infections, loud noises, common colds, head injury, rapid ingestion of a very cold food or beverage, and dental or sinus issues.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Preventive (also called prophylactic) treatment of migraines can be an important component of migraine management.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Such treatments can take many forms, including everything from surgery, taking certain drugs or nutritional supplements, to lifestyle alterations such as increased exercise and avoidance of migraine triggers.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ The goals of preventive therapy are to reduce the frequency, painfulness, and/or duration of migraines, and to increase the effectiveness of abortive therapy.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Another reason to pursue these goals is to avoid medication overuse headache (MOH), otherwise known as rebound headache, which is a common problem among migraineurs.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD), is a long-term pattern of abnormal behavior characterized by unstable relationships with other people, unstable sense of self, and unstable emotions.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ There is frequent dangerous behavior and self-harm.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ People may also struggle with a feeling of emptiness and a fear of abandonment.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Symptoms may be brought on by seemingly normal events.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ The behavior typically begins by early adulthood, and occurs across a variety of situations.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders are commonly associated with BPD.", "Anger management __knowledge__ Anger management is a psycho-therapeutic program for anger prevention and control.", "Anger management __knowledge__ It has been described as deploying anger successfully.", "Anger management __knowledge__ Anger is frequently a result of frustration, or of feeling blocked or thwarted from something we feel to be important.", "Anger management __knowledge__ Anger can also be a defensive response to underlying fear or feelings of vulnerability or powerlessness.", "Anger management __knowledge__ Anger management programs consider anger to be a motivation caused by an identifiable reason which can be logically analyzed, and if suitable worked toward.", "Anger management __knowledge__ \"We all experience anger; anger only becomes a serious concern when an individual is angry too frequently, too intensely, and for too long.\"", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Migraine treatment may be either prophylactic (preventive) or abortive (rescue).", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Prevention is better than cure, so the ideal treatment goal is to prevent migraine attacks.", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Because migraine is an exceedingly complex condition, there are various preventive treatments which have their effect by disrupting different links in the chain of events that occur during a migraine attack.", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ As rescue treatments also target and disrupt different processes occurring during migraine, these are summarized, with their relative merits and demerits.", "Migraine treatment __knowledge__ Preventive treatments can be sub-divided into non-drug treatments, and treatment with medication.", "Drug rehabilitation __knowledge__ Drug rehabilitation (often drug rehab or just rehab) is the processes of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cocaine, heroin or amphetamines.", "Drug rehabilitation __knowledge__ The general intent is to enable the patient to confront substance dependence, if present, and cease substance abuse to avoid the psychological, legal, financial, social, and physical consequences that can be caused, especially by extreme abuse.", "Drug rehabilitation __knowledge__ Treatment includes medication for depression or other disorders, counseling by experts and sharing of experience with other addicts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Migraine __knowledge__ A migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Typically, the headaches affect one half of the head, are pulsating in nature, and last from two to 72 hours.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Associated symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light, sound, or smell.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The pain is generally made worse by physical activity.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Up to one-third of people have an aura: typically a short period of visual disturbance that signals that the headache will soon occur.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Occasionally, an aura can occur with little or no headache following it.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Migraines are believed to be due to a mixture of environmental and genetic factors.", "Migraine __knowledge__ About two-thirds of cases run in families.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Changing hormone levels may also play a role, as migraines affect slightly more boys than girls before puberty and two to three times more women than men.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The risk of migraines usually decreases during pregnancy.", "Migraine __knowledge__ The underlying mechanisms are not fully known.", "Migraine __knowledge__ It is, however, believed to involve the nerves and blood vessels of the brain.", "Migraine __knowledge__ Initial recommended treatment is with simple pain medication such as ibuprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) for the headache, medication for the nausea, and the avoidance of triggers.", "Holes (novel) __knowledge__ Holes is a 1998 young adult mystery comedy novel written by Louis Sachar and first published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux.", "Holes (novel) __knowledge__ It won the 1998 U.S. National Book Award for Young People's Literature and the 1999 Newbery Medal for the year's \"most distinguished contribution to American literature for children\".", "Holes (novel) __knowledge__ In 2012 it was ranked number 6 among all-time children's novels in a survey published by \"School Library Journal\".", "Holes (novel) __knowledge__ \"Holes\" was adapted as a feature film of the same name by Walt Disney Pictures, and was released in 2003.", "Holes (novel) __knowledge__ Stanley Yelnats IV is a 14-year-old boy from a hard-working but poor family that is allegedly affected by a curse of bad luck, which they blame on Stanley's \"no-good-dirty-rotten pig-stealing-great-great-grandfather\".", "Sacajawea Peak __knowledge__ Sacajawea Peak is a peak in the Wallowa Mountains, in the U.S. state of Oregon.", "Sacajawea Peak __knowledge__ It is in the Eagle Cap Wilderness and the Wallowa–Whitman National Forest.", "Sacajawea Peak __knowledge__ At , Sacajawea Peak is the highest point in the Wallowa Mountains, and the 6th highest peak in Oregon.", "Sacajawea Peak __knowledge__ Matterhorn, another peak in the Wallowa Mountains, is about the same height at Sacajawea Peak, and some sources claim it is actually slightly higher.", "Sacajawea Peak __knowledge__ Sacajawea's prominence of , makes it one of the most topographically prominent peaks in the United States.", "Sacajawea Peak __knowledge__ It is ranked 18th among peaks in the 48 contiguous states.", "Sacajawea Peak __knowledge__ It is the 2nd most prominent peak in Oregon, after Mount Hood.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ Jack Reacher is a fictional character and the protagonist of a series of books by British author Lee Child.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ After leaving the US Army as a major in its military police at age 36, Reacher roams the United States taking odd jobs and investigating suspicious and frequently dangerous situations.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ , 22 novels have been published, the most recent being \"The Midnight Line\".", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ Two of the novels have been adapted into successful films, starring Tom Cruise as Reacher.", "Jack Reacher __knowledge__ At the time Lee Child sat down to write his first novel \"Killing Floor\", he was unemployed, having been fired from his position as a presentation director for Granada Television.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headache is the symptom of pain anywhere in the region of the head or neck.", "Headache __knowledge__ It occurs in migraines (sharp, or throbbing pains), tension-type headaches, and cluster headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Frequent headaches can affect relationships and employment.", "Headache __knowledge__ There is also an increased risk of depression in those with severe headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ Headaches can occur as a result of many conditions whether serious or not.", "Headache __knowledge__ There are a number of different classification systems for headaches.", "Headache __knowledge__ The most well-recognized is that of the International Headache Society.", "Headache __knowledge__ Causes of headaches may include fatigue, sleep deprivation, stress, the effects of medications, the effects of recreational drugs, viral infections, loud noises, common colds, head injury, rapid ingestion of a very cold food or beverage, and dental or sinus issues.", "Magnesium in biology __knowledge__ Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems.", "Magnesium in biology __knowledge__ Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg ion.", "Magnesium in biology __knowledge__ It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every cell type in every organism.", "Magnesium in biology __knowledge__ For example, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main source of energy in cells, must be bound to a magnesium ion in order to be biologically active.", "Magnesium in biology __knowledge__ What is called ATP is often actually Mg-ATP.", "Magnesium in biology __knowledge__ As such, magnesium plays a role in the stability of all polyphosphate compounds in the cells, including those associated with the synthesis of DNA and RNA.", "Magnesium in biology __knowledge__ Over 300 enzymes require the presence of magnesium ions for their catalytic action, including \"all\" enzymes utilizing or synthesizing ATP, or those that use other nucleotides to synthesize DNA and RNA.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Preventive (also called prophylactic) treatment of migraines can be an important component of migraine management.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Such treatments can take many forms, including everything from surgery, taking certain drugs or nutritional supplements, to lifestyle alterations such as increased exercise and avoidance of migraine triggers.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ The goals of preventive therapy are to reduce the frequency, painfulness, and/or duration of migraines, and to increase the effectiveness of abortive therapy.", "Prevention of migraines __knowledge__ Another reason to pursue these goals is to avoid medication overuse headache (MOH), otherwise known as rebound headache, which is a common problem among migraineurs.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and multiple other biological effects.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D (also known as cholecalciferol) and vitamin D (ergocalciferol).", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol can be ingested from the diet and from supplements.", "Vitamin D __knowledge__ Only a few foods contain vitamin D. The major natural source of the vitamin is synthesis of cholecalciferol in the skin from cholesterol through a chemical reaction that is dependent on sun exposure (specifically UVB radiation)." ] ]

[ 2, 13, 11, 0 ]

[ "Migraines can be very infuriating to have. They differ from normal headaches in many ways such that they can last 72 hours! Have you been unlucky to experience one of those?", "Yeah medication like ibuprofin can alleviate migraines, but also a change in behavior can reduce them too! Avoid the triggers if you know them.", "Well it depends on the person. Unfortunately the underlying mechanisms of migraines are not 100% known, but for me personally overthinking triggers my migraines and poor nutrition (deficiency in magnesium according to my doctor)", "Recently I haven't had one in about a year but I'd used to get them about 3 times a week over the course of 2 years. Changing my lifestyle helped a lot! " ]

[ "Migraine", "Migraine", "Migraine", "Migraine" ]

[ "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "yes, i worked at a daycare and kids are obsessed with them ponies and paw patrol too", "My son only loves to watch nursery rhymes videos lol I'm okay with that" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ PAW Patrol is a Canadian CGI–animated television series created by Keith Chapman.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ It is produced by Spin Master Entertainment in association with TVOKids and Nickelodeon, with animation provided by Guru Studio.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ In Canada, the series is primarily broadcast on TVOKids, which first ran previews of the show in August 2013.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ The series first aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on August 12, 2013.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ The series focuses on a boy named Ryder who leads a pack of search and rescue dogs known as the PAW Patrol.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ They work together on missions to protect the shoreside community of Adventure Bay.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ Each dog has a specific set of skills based on a real-life profession.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Spin Master is a Canadian global toy and entertainment company that has been designing, developing, manufacturing, and marketing consumer products for children around the world since 1994.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Its brands include \"Bakugan\", Meccano, Air Hogs, PAW Patrol, Aquadoodle, TGR, Tech Deck and 2015 Toy of the Year, Zoomer Dino.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Spin Master employs over 1000 people globally with offices in Canada, United States, Mexico, France, Italy, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, China, Hong Kong, Japan, and Australia.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Since 2002, Spin Master has received 82 TIA Toy of The Year (TOTY) nominations with 24 wins across a variety of product categories.", "Pacu Jalur __knowledge__ Pacu Jalur is a rowing race, which is held every year in , along with the Pacu Jalur Festival, which is held as a cultural event of the traditional community of Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau, Indonesia, along with the celebration of Independence Day of the Republic of Indonesia.", "Pacu Jalur __knowledge__ Pacu Jalur is the largest annual festival for the Kuantan Singingi district community, especially in the capital district of Taluk Kuantan located along the Kuantan river.", "Pacu Jalur __knowledge__ This traditional event that has been passed down in Kuantan Singingi regency since hundreds of years ago, the culture has been held by the people of Kuansing until now.", "Chincoteague Pony __knowledge__ The Chincoteague Pony, also known as the Assateague horse, is a breed of pony that developed and lives in a feral condition on Assateague Island in the United States states of Virginia and Maryland.", "Chincoteague Pony __knowledge__ The breed was made famous by the \"Misty of Chincoteague\" series written by Marguerite Henry starting in 1947.", "Chincoteague Pony __knowledge__ While phenotypically horse-like, they are commonly called \"ponies\".", "Chincoteague Pony __knowledge__ This is due in part to their smaller stature, created by the poor habitat on Assateague Island.", "Chincoteague Pony __knowledge__ Variation is found in their physical characteristics due to blood from different breeds being introduced at various points in their history.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic is a children's animated fantasy television series created by Lauren Faust for Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series is based on Hasbro's My Little Pony line of toys and animated works and is often referred by collectors as the fourth generation (\"G4\") of the franchise.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ The series premiered on October 10, 2010, on The Hub cable channel.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Hasbro selected animator Lauren Faust as the creative director and executive producer for the show.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic __knowledge__ Faust sought to challenge the established nature of the existing My Little Pony line, creating more in-depth characters and adventurous settings; she left the series during season 2, to be replaced by Meghan McCarthy as showrunner.", "New Forest pony __knowledge__ The New Forest pony is one of the recognised mountain and moorland or native pony breeds of the British Isles.", "New Forest pony __knowledge__ Height varies from around ; ponies of all heights should be strong, workmanlike, and of a good riding type.", "New Forest pony __knowledge__ They are valued for hardiness, strength, and sure-footedness.", "New Forest pony __knowledge__ The breed is indigenous to the New Forest in Hampshire in southern England, where equines have lived since before the last Ice Age; remains dating back to 500,000 BC have been found within of the heart of the modern New Forest.", "New Forest pony __knowledge__ DNA studies have shown ancient shared ancestry with the Celtic-type Asturcón and Pottok ponies.", "My Little Pony (1982 toyline) __knowledge__ The first incarnation of American toy company Hasbro's My Little Pony toyline began in 1982 as a successor of My Pretty Pony toys.", "My Little Pony (1982 toyline) __knowledge__ It went on to expand into a media franchise, beginning with the airing of a 22-minute syndicated animated television special in 1984 in the United States.", "My Little Pony (1982 toyline) __knowledge__ This incarnation is unofficially known among collectors as \"Generation One\" or \"G1\".", "My Little Pony (1982 toyline) __knowledge__ After the relative lack of success of the My Pretty Pony toy line, Hasbro introduced six smaller and colorful versions of the toy in 1982, sold under the title \"My Little Pony\".", "My Little Pony (1982 toyline) __knowledge__ The toy line lead to many more merchandise under the \"My Little Pony\" brand.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony is an entertainment franchise developed by Hasbro, originally as a toy line for girls.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The first toys were developed by Bonnie Zacherle, Charles Muenchinger, and Steve D'Aguanno, and were produced in 1981.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ The ponies feature colorful bodies, manes and a unique symbol on one or both sides of their flanks.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Such symbols are referred to in the two most recent incarnations as \"cutie marks.\"", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ My Little Pony has been revamped several times with new and more modern looks to appeal to a new market.", "My Little Pony __knowledge__ Following the original My Pretty Pony toy that was introduced in 1981, My Little Pony was launched in 1982 and the line became popular during the 1980s.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ My Little Pony: Equestria Girls, also known as simply Equestria Girls, is a Canadian-American product line of fashion dolls and media franchise launched in 2013 by Hasbro, as a spin-off of the 2010 of the My Little Pony franchise.", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ \"Equestria Girls\" features anthropomorphized versions of \"My Little Pony\" characters from \"Friendship Is Magic\".", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ It includes various doll lines and media tie-ins (including four films, music albums, a mobile app, three TV specials, , a web series on YouTube, and two one-hour TV specials).", "My Little Pony: Equestria Girls __knowledge__ The \"Equestria Girls\" fictional universe is established as a parallel counterpart to the main world of the 2010 incarnation of My Little Pony, populated with humanoid versions of the characters from the franchise.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ IDW Publishing, an American comic publisher which has been publishing tie-in comic books to Hasbro properties since 2005, began to publish monthly My Little Pony comics beginning in November 2012.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The comics published so far are based on the characters from the 2010 relaunch of the franchise and its \"\" television series, as well as the anthropomorphic spin-off .", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The flagship title, My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, is a monthly comic book series that debuted on November 28, 2012.", "My Little Pony (IDW Publishing) __knowledge__ The series is typically written in story arcs that span either two or four issues apiece; Katie Cook and Andy Price write and illustrate the first arc, respectively, while Heather Nuhfer and Amy Mebberson perform the same on the second.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ In 2010, American toy company Hasbro relaunched its My Little Pony toyline and media franchise originally created in the 1980s, with the animated television series \"\" as a flagship non-toy media.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ This generation is not given any name by Hasbro, but some of later releases of toys are labeled with the subtitle \"Friendship Is Magic\".", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ It is unofficially referred to the \"Fourth Generation\", \"Generation Four\" or \"G4\" by collectors.", "My Little Pony (2010 toyline) __knowledge__ It takes place in the fictional location named Equestria, a society inhabited by three kinds of ponies (earth ponies, unicorns and pegasi) and other species, with winged unicorns – named \"alicorns\" in later releases despite the word's origin – having royal status.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ My Little Pony: The Movie is a 2017 animated musical fantasy film based on the television series \"\", which was developed as part of the 2010 re-launch of the \"My Little Pony\" franchise by Hasbro.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Jayson Thiessen and based on a story and screenplay co-written by Meghan McCarthy, both \"Friendship Is Magic\" veterans.", "My Little Pony: The Movie (2017 film) __knowledge__ In addition to the series' regular voice cast of Tara Strong, Ashleigh Ball, Andrea Libman, Tabitha St. Germain and Cathy Weseluck, the film also features the voices of Emily Blunt, Kristin Chenoweth, Liev Schreiber, Michael Peña, Sia, Taye Diggs, Uzo Aduba and Zoe Saldana as new characters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ \"\" is an animated television series produced by Hasbro as part of the \"My Little Pony\" toy franchise, which is tied in with the 2010 launch of dolls and play sets, and original programming for U.S. cable channel Discovery Family (formerly Hub Network).", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Lauren Faust was selected as the creative developer and executive producer for the show, based on her previous animation experience with shows like \"The Powerpuff Girls\" and \"Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Under Hasbro's guidance, Faust developed the show to appeal to the target demographic of young girls and their parents, but created characters and settings that challenged formerly stereotypical norms of \"girly\" images, and added adventure and humorous elements to keep parents interested.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The show received praise from television critics and parental groups.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ It also found an unlikely audience in a large group of adult Internet users in late 2010 and early 2011, forming a subculture.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ These fans, mostly male, were drawn to the show's characters, stories, animation style, and influence of the show's propagation as an Internet meme.", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ The fandom adopted the name brony (plural bronies), a portmanteau of \"bro\" and \"pony\".", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom __knowledge__ Though initially considered to propagate the humorous and ironic concept of people enjoying a show for young girls, the fandom has shown deeper appreciation for the show far beyond this concept, and is considered part of a New Sincerity trend.", "Nursery rhyme __knowledge__ A nursery rhyme is a traditional poem or song for children in Britain and many other countries, but usage of the term only dates from the late 18th/early 19th century.", "Nursery rhyme __knowledge__ The term Mother Goose rhymes is interchangeable with nursery rhymes.", "Nursery rhyme __knowledge__ From the mid-16th century nursery rhymes begin to be recorded in English plays, and most popular rhymes date from the 17th and 18th centuries.", "Nursery rhyme __knowledge__ The first English collections, \"Tommy Thumb's Song Book\" and a sequel, \"Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book\", were published before 1744.", "Nursery rhyme __knowledge__ Publisher John Newbery's stepson, Thomas Carnan, was the first to use the term Mother Goose for nursery rhymes when he published a compilation of English rhymes, \"Mother Goose's Melody, or, Sonnets for the Cradle\" (London, 1780).", "Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes is a collection of nursery rhymes written and illustrated by Beatrix Potter, and published by Frederick Warne & Co. in October 1917.", "Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ Potter had a lifelong fascination with rhymes, and proposed a book of short verses called \"Appley Dapply\" to Warne following the release of \"The Tale of Peter Rabbit\" in 1902.", "Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ Warne preferred Potter's original fantasies to her derivative work, and gave \"Appley Dapply\" little encouragement.", "Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ The book was set aside in favour of other projects.", "Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ In 1917 Frederick Warne & Co. suffered a scandal, and asked Potter for a book in an effort to stave off the firm's complete ruin.", "Children's song __knowledge__ A children's song may be a nursery rhyme set to music, a song that children invent and share among themselves or a modern creation intended for entertainment, use in the home or education.", "Children's song __knowledge__ Although children’s songs have been recorded and studied in some cultures more than others, they appear to be universal in human society.", "Children's song __knowledge__ Iona and Peter Opie, pioneers of the academic study of children’s culture, divided children’s songs into two classes: those taught to children by adults, which when part of a traditional culture they saw as nursery rhymes, and those that children taught to each other, which formed part of the independent culture of childhood.", "Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes is a children's book written and illustrated by Beatrix Potter, and published by Frederick Warne & Co. in December 1922.", "Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ The book is a compilation of traditional nursery rhymes such as \"Goosey Goosey Gander\", \"This Little Piggy\" and \"Three Blind Mice\".", "Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ It was Potter's second book of rhymes published by Warne.", "Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ Merchandise generated from the tale includes Beswick Pottery porcelain figurines and Schmid music boxes.", "Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes __knowledge__ Beatrix Potter's career as a children's author and illustrator was launched in 1900 when she revised a tale written in 1893 about a humanized rabbit, fashioned a dummy book in imitation of \"Little Black Sambo\", and privately published her work in December 1901 after a series of publishers' rejections.", "Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark __knowledge__ \"Hark, Hark!", "Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark __knowledge__ The Dogs Do Bark\" is an English nursery rhyme.", "Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark __knowledge__ Its origins are uncertain and researchers have attributed it to various dates ranging from 1100 to the early 1700s.", "Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark __knowledge__ The earliest known printings of the rhyme are from the late 1700s, but a related rhyme was written down a century earlier than that.", "Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark __knowledge__ Historians of nursery rhymes disagree as to whether the lyrics of \"Hark Hark\" were inspired by a particular episode in English history, as opposed to simply reflecting a general and timeless concern about strangers.", "Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark __knowledge__ Those who link the rhyme to a specific episode identify either the Dissolution of the Monasteries during the 1530s, the Glorious Revolution of 1688 or the Jacobite rising of 1715.", "Humpty Dumpty __knowledge__ Humpty Dumpty is a character in an English nursery rhyme, probably originally a riddle and one of the best known in the English-speaking world.", "Humpty Dumpty __knowledge__ He is typically portrayed as a personified egg, though he is not explicitly described as such.", "Humpty Dumpty __knowledge__ The first recorded versions of the rhyme date from late eighteenth-century England and the tune from 1870 in James William Elliott's \"National Nursery Rhymes and Nursery Songs\".", "Humpty Dumpty __knowledge__ Its origins are obscure and several theories have been advanced to suggest original meanings.", "Humpty Dumpty __knowledge__ The character of Humpty Dumpty was popularised in the United States by actor George L. Fox (1825–77).", "Mother Goose __knowledge__ The figure of Mother Goose is the imaginary author of a collection of fairy tales and nursery rhymes often published as \"Old Mother Goose's Rhymes\", as illustrated by Arthur Rackham in 1913.", "Mother Goose __knowledge__ As a character, she appears in one nursery rhyme.", "Mother Goose __knowledge__ A Christmas pantomime called \"Mother Goose\" is often performed in the United Kingdom.", "Mother Goose __knowledge__ The so-called \"Mother Goose\" rhymes and stories have formed the basis for many classic British pantomimes.", "Mother Goose __knowledge__ The term's first appearance in English dates back to the early 18th century, when Charles Perrault’s collection of fairy tales was first translated by Robert Samber.", "Mother Goose __knowledge__ Publisher John Newbery's stepson, Thomas Carnan, was the first to use the term Mother Goose for nursery rhymes when he published a compilation of English rhymes, \"Mother Goose's Melody, or, Sonnets for the Cradle\" (London, 1780).", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ PAW Patrol is a Canadian CGI–animated television series created by Keith Chapman.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ It is produced by Spin Master Entertainment in association with TVOKids and Nickelodeon, with animation provided by Guru Studio.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ In Canada, the series is primarily broadcast on TVOKids, which first ran previews of the show in August 2013.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ The series first aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on August 12, 2013.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ The series focuses on a boy named Ryder who leads a pack of search and rescue dogs known as the PAW Patrol.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ They work together on missions to protect the shoreside community of Adventure Bay.", "PAW Patrol __knowledge__ Each dog has a specific set of skills based on a real-life profession.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Spin Master is a Canadian global toy and entertainment company that has been designing, developing, manufacturing, and marketing consumer products for children around the world since 1994.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Its brands include \"Bakugan\", Meccano, Air Hogs, PAW Patrol, Aquadoodle, TGR, Tech Deck and 2015 Toy of the Year, Zoomer Dino.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Spin Master employs over 1000 people globally with offices in Canada, United States, Mexico, France, Italy, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, China, Hong Kong, Japan, and Australia.", "Spin Master __knowledge__ Since 2002, Spin Master has received 82 TIA Toy of The Year (TOTY) nominations with 24 wins across a variety of product categories.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "John W. Hyde __knowledge__ John W. Hyde has been working in the entertainment industry for over 40 years.", "John W. Hyde __knowledge__ Born March 29, 1941 in Jackson, Michigan he is married to Kate Morris Hyde and lives in both Los Angeles County and Badger, California.", "John W. Hyde __knowledge__ Hyde is a member of both the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences where he has been nominated for five Emmy Awards, winning one.", "John W. Hyde __knowledge__ He is a former officer and director of The Cousteau Society.", "John W. Hyde __knowledge__ He was also a founding member, as well as Vice Chairman and Board member, of the American Film Market.", "John W. Hyde __knowledge__ Hyde and his wife own Fairlea Ranch and raise World Champion American Quarter Horses.", "Pacu Jalur __knowledge__ Pacu Jalur is a rowing race, which is held every year in , along with the Pacu Jalur Festival, which is held as a cultural event of the traditional community of Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau, Indonesia, along with the celebration of Independence Day of the Republic of Indonesia.", "Pacu Jalur __knowledge__ Pacu Jalur is the largest annual festival for the Kuantan Singingi district community, especially in the capital district of Taluk Kuantan located along the Kuantan river.", "Pacu Jalur __knowledge__ This traditional event that has been passed down in Kuantan Singingi regency since hundreds of years ago, the culture has been held by the people of Kuansing until now.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 9, 10 ]

[ "It seems like all the little girls love my little pony animated tv series by Hasbro", "Paw patrol is my son's favorite Canadian animated tv series", "does he like mother goose rhymes?" ]

[ "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom", "My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom" ]

[ "Sport utility vehicle", "Why does he want such a gigantic vehicle?", "Yes. I much prefer my Smart Car - it gets great gas mileage" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Sport-utility (vehicle), SUV or sport-ute is an automotive classification, typically a kind of station wagon / estate car with off-road vehicle features like raised ground clearance and ruggedness, and available four-wheel drive.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs are built on a light-truck chassis but operated as a family vehicle, and though designed to be used on rougher surfaces, most often used on city streets or highways.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In recent years, in some countries the term SUV has replaced terms like \"Jeep\" or \"Land-Rover\" in the popular lexicon as a generic description for light 4WD vehicles.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs have an upright built body and tall interior packaging, a high seating position and center of gravity, and available all-wheel drive for off-road capability.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Some SUVs include the towing capacity of a pickup truck with the passenger-carrying space of a minivan or large sedan.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ The traditional truck-based SUV is more and more being supplanted by unitary body SUVs and crossovers based on regular automobile platforms for lighter weight and better fuel efficiency.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In some countries, notably the United States, SUVs are \"not\" classified as cars, but as \"light trucks\".", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ SUVs overtook lower medium segment cars to become the world's largest automotive segment in 2015, accounting for 22.9 percent of global \"light vehicle\" sales (for 2015), or 36.8% of the world's \"passenger car\" market (Q1–Q3, 2017)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Sport-utility (vehicle), SUV or sport-ute is an automotive classification, typically a kind of station wagon / estate car with off-road vehicle features like raised ground clearance and ruggedness, and available four-wheel drive.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs are built on a light-truck chassis but operated as a family vehicle, and though designed to be used on rougher surfaces, most often used on city streets or highways.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In recent years, in some countries the term SUV has replaced terms like \"Jeep\" or \"Land-Rover\" in the popular lexicon as a generic description for light 4WD vehicles.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs have an upright built body and tall interior packaging, a high seating position and center of gravity, and available all-wheel drive for off-road capability.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Some SUVs include the towing capacity of a pickup truck with the passenger-carrying space of a minivan or large sedan.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ The traditional truck-based SUV is more and more being supplanted by unitary body SUVs and crossovers based on regular automobile platforms for lighter weight and better fuel efficiency.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In some countries, notably the United States, SUVs are \"not\" classified as cars, but as \"light trucks\".", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ SUVs overtook lower medium segment cars to become the world's largest automotive segment in 2015, accounting for 22.9 percent of global \"light vehicle\" sales (for 2015), or 36.8% of the world's \"passenger car\" market (Q1–Q3, 2017).", "FCM F1 __knowledge__ The FCM F1 was a French super-heavy tank developed during the late Interbellum by the \"Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée\" company.", "FCM F1 __knowledge__ Twelve were ordered in 1940 to replace the Char 2C, but France was defeated before construction could begin, a wooden mock-up being all that was finished.", "FCM F1 __knowledge__ The FCM F1 was large and elongated, and had two turrets: one in front and one in the back, with a single high-velocity gun in each turret.", "FCM F1 __knowledge__ The rear turret was higher so it could shoot over the first one.", "FCM F1 __knowledge__ The vehicle was intended to be heavily armoured.", "FCM F1 __knowledge__ Its size and protection level made it by 1940, at about 140 tons the heaviest tank ever to have actually been ordered for production.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ The 2015 Denver Broncos season was the franchise's 46th season in the National Football League and the 56th overall.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ It was also the fourth season with Peyton Manning as the team's starting quarterback, as well as the final season of Manning's 18-year NFL career.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ After losing in the Divisional round of the playoffs during three of the previous four seasons, the Broncos underwent numerous coaching changes, including a mutual parting with head coach John Fox, and the hiring of Gary Kubiak as the new head coach.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ Under Kubiak and offensive coordinator Rick Dennison, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented West coast offense with zone blocking to blend in with Manning's shotgun passing style, but struggled with numerous changes and injuries to the offensive line.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This is an index of characters and mecha in the anime and manga \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar\" and \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL\".", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ A brave man with tremendous courage and enthusiasm, and the strength to never give up for the sake of life—even at the possible cost of his own.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ Former astronaut and test pilot for the Space Development Corporation.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ In 2003, he had been in orbit testing an experimental space shuttle when an extraterrestrial object (later classified as EI-01) suddenly appeared in his flight path, smashing his shuttle out of the way.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This left the shuttle disabled and Guy himself in a near-death state.", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ Battalion Wars 2 is a real-time tactics video game for the Wii console.", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ It is a sequel to the Nintendo GameCube title \"Battalion Wars\".", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ The game was officially announced August 23, 2006 at the Leipzig Games Convention.", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ It was developed by Kuju Entertainment, which also developed the GameCube predecessor, and was published by Nintendo.", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ \"Battalion Wars 2\" was released on October 29, 2007 in North America and on February 15, 2008 in Europe.", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ In Japan it is known as \"Totsugeki!!", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ Famicom Wars VS\" (突撃!", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ !ファミコンウォーズVS) where it is considered part of the \"Famicom Wars\" series.", "Battalion Wars 2 __knowledge__ \"Battalion Wars 2\" gameplay combines land, sea, and air combat in a third-person perspective, with control similar to the previous game.", "Gigantic (song) __knowledge__ \"Gigantic\" is a song by the American alternative rock band the Pixies, co-written by bassist Kim Deal and lead vocalist/guitarist Black Francis.", "Gigantic (song) __knowledge__ The song appeared on the band's first studio album, \"Surfer Rosa\", released in 1988.", "Gigantic (song) __knowledge__ One of the longest songs on the album, \"Gigantic\" was released as the band's first single later that year.", "Gigantic (song) __knowledge__ Featuring Deal on lead vocals, the song is one of Pixies' biggest hits and a crowd favorite at concerts, often played as the encore.", "Gigantic (song) __knowledge__ The melody line comes from Deal's simple but effective bass playing—the same bassline is repeated throughout the song.", "Gigantic (song) __knowledge__ \"Gigantic\" never achieved a ranking on any major charts and was their only release from \"Surfer Rosa\".", "Big Gigantic __knowledge__ Big Gigantic is an instrumental electronic, hip-hop, and jazz musical duo based out of Boulder, Colorado, United States They have played at a wide range of large-scale music festivals, including Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Lollapalooza, Ultra Music Festival, Hangout Music Festival, Austin City Limits, Governors Ball Music Festival, Electric Forest Festival, Outside Lands, and Bonnaroo, among others.", "Big Gigantic __knowledge__ Every September since 2012 Big Gigantic has sold out their own headlining festival, Rowdytown at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison, Colorado.", "Big Gigantic __knowledge__ Their dynamic live performance is enhanced by their constantly evolving lighting, stage design and production for a full audio-sensory experience.", "Gigantic (magazine) __knowledge__ Gigantic is an American literary journal that publishes fiction, art and interviews.", "Gigantic (magazine) __knowledge__ In particular, it focuses on short prose or flash fiction.", "Gigantic (magazine) __knowledge__ Print issues also have included a special poetry section entitled \"The Seizure State,\" curated by celebrated American poet Joe Wenderoth.", "Gigantic (magazine) __knowledge__ It publishes original work online at its website and once a year in a print format.", "Gigantic (magazine) __knowledge__ \"Gigantic\" was founded in 2008 by four writers living in New York City.", "Gigantic (magazine) __knowledge__ \"Gigantic\" is known for changing its layout and design significantly with each issue, as well as a focus on affordable pricing.", "Gigantic (magazine) __knowledge__ Issues have ranged in price from 3 to 10 dollars.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Tegucigalpa __knowledge__ Tegucigalpa (, formally Tegucigalpa, Municipality of the Central District, or \"Tegucigalpa, M.D.C.\"), commonly referred to as Téguz, is the capital and largest city of Honduras along with its twin sister Comayagüela.", "Tegucigalpa __knowledge__ Claimed on 29 September 1578 by the Spaniards, Tegucigalpa became the country's capital on October 30, 1880 under President Marco Aurelio Soto.", "Tegucigalpa __knowledge__ The current Constitution of Honduras, enacted in 1982, names the sister cities of Tegucigalpa and Comayagüela as a Central District to serve as the permanent national capital, under articles 8 and 295.", "Tegucigalpa __knowledge__ After a failed attempt to create a Central American republic in 1821, Honduras became an individual sovereign nation.", "Gulf Cartel __knowledge__ The Gulf Cartel (, \"Golfos\", or \"CDG\") is a criminal syndicate and drug trafficking organization in Mexico, and perhaps one of the oldest organized crime groups in the country.", "Gulf Cartel __knowledge__ It is currently based in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, directly across the border from Brownsville, Texas.", "Gulf Cartel __knowledge__ Their network is international, and are believed to have dealings with crime groups in Europe, West Africa, Asia, Central America, South America, and the United States.", "Gulf Cartel __knowledge__ Besides drug trafficking, the Gulf Cartel operates through protection rackets, assassinations, extortions, kidnappings, and other criminal activities.", "Gulf Cartel __knowledge__ The members of the Gulf Cartel are known for intimidating the population and for being particularly violent.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ Monkey Thieves (), also known as Rebel Monkeys, is a documentary series produced by National Geographic, examining the habits and social interactions of rhesus macaques in the city of Jaipur, in northwestern India.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ \"Monkey Thieves\" follows a family of urban macaques within Jaipur's 'Pink City' and all the drama that comes from living close to humans.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ The series tells the story of the \"Galta Gang\", a sixty-strong troop that lives in the Galta Temple, a Hindu temple on the outskirts of Jaipur.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ This bunch live in luxury because worshipers believe they personify Hanuman, the cherished 'Monkey God' who banished evil in the Indian epic Ramayana.", "Recife __knowledge__ Recife () is the fourth-largest urban agglomeration in Brazil with 3,995,949 inhabitants, the largest urban agglomeration of the North/Northeast Regions, and the capital and largest city of the state of Pernambuco in the northeast corner of South America.", "Recife __knowledge__ The population of the city proper was 1,625,583 in 2016.", "Recife __knowledge__ The former capital of the 17th century colony of New Holland of Dutch Brazil, established by the Dutch West India Company.", "Recife __knowledge__ Recife was founded in 1537, during the early Portuguese colonization of Brazil, as the main harbor of the Captaincy of Pernambuco, known for its large scale production of sugar cane." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Sport-utility (vehicle), SUV or sport-ute is an automotive classification, typically a kind of station wagon / estate car with off-road vehicle features like raised ground clearance and ruggedness, and available four-wheel drive.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs are built on a light-truck chassis but operated as a family vehicle, and though designed to be used on rougher surfaces, most often used on city streets or highways.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In recent years, in some countries the term SUV has replaced terms like \"Jeep\" or \"Land-Rover\" in the popular lexicon as a generic description for light 4WD vehicles.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Many SUVs have an upright built body and tall interior packaging, a high seating position and center of gravity, and available all-wheel drive for off-road capability.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ Some SUVs include the towing capacity of a pickup truck with the passenger-carrying space of a minivan or large sedan.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ The traditional truck-based SUV is more and more being supplanted by unitary body SUVs and crossovers based on regular automobile platforms for lighter weight and better fuel efficiency.", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ In some countries, notably the United States, SUVs are \"not\" classified as cars, but as \"light trucks\".", "Sport utility vehicle __knowledge__ SUVs overtook lower medium segment cars to become the world's largest automotive segment in 2015, accounting for 22.9 percent of global \"light vehicle\" sales (for 2015), or 36.8% of the world's \"passenger car\" market (Q1–Q3, 2017).", "Car Allowance Rebate System __knowledge__ The Car Allowance Rebate System (CARS), colloquially known as \"cash for clunkers\", was a $3 billion U.S. federal scrappage program intended to provide economic incentives to U.S. residents to purchase a new, more fuel-efficient vehicle when trading in a less fuel-efficient vehicle.", "Car Allowance Rebate System __knowledge__ The program was promoted as providing stimulus to the economy by boosting auto sales, while putting safer, cleaner, and more fuel-efficient vehicles on the roadways.", "Car Allowance Rebate System __knowledge__ The program officially started on July 1, 2009, processing of claims began July 24, and the program ended on August 24, as the appropriated funds were exhausted.", "AMC Gremlin __knowledge__ The AMC Gremlin is an American subcompact automobile introduced in 1970 engineered and manufactured and marketed in a single, two-door body style in America (1970-1978) by American Motors Corporation (AMC) — as well as in Mexico (1974-1978) by AMC's Vehículos Automotores Mexicanos (VAM) subsidiary.", "AMC Gremlin __knowledge__ Featuring a shortened Hornet platform and bodywork with a pronounced, almost vertical, hatchback tail, the Gremlin was classified an economy car by 1970s U.S. standards and competed with the Chevrolet Vega and Ford Pinto, as well as imported cars that included the Volkswagen Beetle and Toyota Corolla.", "ZAP (motor company) __knowledge__ ZAP is an American electric vehicle company that designs, produces and markets vehicles including automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, scooters, personal watercraft, hovercraft, ATVs, neighborhood electric vehicles and commercial vehicles.", "ZAP (motor company) __knowledge__ The name stands for \"Zero Air Pollution\".", "ZAP (motor company) __knowledge__ The company headquarters are located in Santa Rosa, California.", "ZAP (motor company) __knowledge__ ZAP Power Systems (for zero air pollution), was launched by Jim McGreen in 1992 with the goal of designing, building and selling innovative electric vehicles.", "ZAP (motor company) __knowledge__ The company was incorporated on September 23, 1994 as \"ZAP Power Systems\" of Sebastopol, California, by McGreen, Gary Starr where they started manufacturing electric powered kits and bikes and then later the zappy scooter.", "Transmission (mechanics) __knowledge__ A transmission is a machine in a power transmission system, which provides controlled application of the power.", "Transmission (mechanics) __knowledge__ Often the term transmission refers simply to the gearbox that uses gears and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source to another device.", "Transmission (mechanics) __knowledge__ In British English, the term \"transmission\" refers to the whole drivetrain, including clutch, gearbox, prop shaft (for rear-wheel drive), differential, and final drive shafts.", "Transmission (mechanics) __knowledge__ In American English, however, the term refers more specifically to the gearbox alone, and detailed usage differs.", "Transmission (mechanics) __knowledge__ The most common use is in motor vehicles, where the transmission adapts the output of the internal combustion engine to the drive wheels.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Energy policy of the United States __knowledge__ The energy policy of the United States is determined by federal, state, and local entities in the United States, which address issues of energy production, distribution, and consumption, such as building codes and gas mileage standards.", "Energy policy of the United States __knowledge__ Energy policy may include legislation, international treaties, subsidies and incentives to investment, guidelines for energy conservation, taxation and other public policy techniques.", "Energy policy of the United States __knowledge__ Several mandates have been proposed over the years, such as \"gasoline will never exceed $1.00/gallon\" (Nixon), and \"the United States will never again import as much oil as it did in 1977\" (Carter), but no comprehensive long-term energy policy has been proposed, although there has been concern over this failure.", "Corporate average fuel economy __knowledge__ The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards are regulations in the United States, first enacted by the United States Congress in 1975, after the 1973-74 Arab Oil Embargo, to improve the average fuel economy of cars and light trucks (trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles) produced for sale in the United States.", "Corporate average fuel economy __knowledge__ The Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA), as amended by the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA), requires that the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) establish standards separately for passenger automobiles (passenger cars) and nonpassenger automobiles (light trucks) at the maximum feasible levels in each model year, and requires that DOT enforce compliance with the standards.", "Georgia State Route 98 __knowledge__ State Route 98 (SR 98) is a state highway that travels southeast-to-northwest through portions of Madison, Jackson, and Banks counties in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia.", "Georgia State Route 98 __knowledge__ The highway connects Comer and Homer, via Danielsville, Commerce, and Maysville.", "Georgia State Route 98 __knowledge__ SR 98 begins at an intersection with SR 72 (West Sunset Avenue) in Comer, within Madison County.", "Georgia State Route 98 __knowledge__ It heads northwest to an intersection with SR 172.", "Georgia State Route 98 __knowledge__ Then, it meets the southern terminus of SR 191.", "Georgia State Route 98 __knowledge__ The route continues to the northwest to Danielsville, where it intersects US 29/SR 8 (General Daniels Avenue North).", "Georgia State Route 98 __knowledge__ Northwest of Danielsville is Ila.", "Interstate 8 __knowledge__ Interstate 8 (I-8) is an Interstate Highway in the southwestern United States.", "Interstate 8 __knowledge__ It runs from the southern edge of Mission Bay at Sunset Cliffs Boulevard in San Diego, California, almost at the Pacific Ocean, to the junction with I-10, just southeast of Casa Grande, Arizona.", "Interstate 8 __knowledge__ In California, the freeway travels through the San Diego metropolitan area as the Ocean Beach Freeway and the Mission Valley Freeway before traversing the Cuyamaca Mountains and providing access through the Imperial Valley, including the city of El Centro.", "Interstate 8 __knowledge__ Crossing the Colorado River into Arizona, I-8 continues through the city of Yuma across the Sonoran Desert to Casa Grande, in between the cities of Phoenix and Tucson.", "California State Route 98 __knowledge__ State Route 98 (SR 98) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California.", "California State Route 98 __knowledge__ It is a loop of Interstate 8 (I-8) running west to east south of the Interstate through the border city of Calexico.", "California State Route 98 __knowledge__ It passes through the city of Calexico and ends east of Holtville.", "California State Route 98 __knowledge__ The highway was added to the state highway system in 1933, and signed as Route 98 by 1938.", "California State Route 98 __knowledge__ The highway was paved and rerouted to its current path during the 1950s.", "California State Route 98 __knowledge__ SR 98 begins at an interchange with I-8 southwest of the community of Ocotillo.", "California State Route 98 __knowledge__ The highway intersects CR S2 and passes south of Coyote Wells before turning due east through the Colorado Desert.", "Treejumping __knowledge__ Treejumping is a form of parachuting, into a forest or jungle – typically, from a relatively low altitude.", "Treejumping __knowledge__ It is generally considered to be a particularly dangerous form of parachuting.", "Treejumping __knowledge__ Treejumping is also especially damaging to the parachuting equipment.", "Treejumping __knowledge__ The technique was pioneered by the British Special Air Service Regiment in 1951 during the Malayan Emergency, when insertion into dense jungle was required to combat the insurgents of the Malayan Races Liberation Army.", "Treejumping __knowledge__ Soldiers carried a 30-metre rope to enable them to abseil down from the forest canopy.", "Treejumping __knowledge__ In the United States Army, there is one company of combat engineers, Bravo Company of the 27th Engineer Battalion (Combat)(Airborne), trained to intentionally jump into forested areas in order to create drop zones for follow-on forces.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Suspension (vehicle) __knowledge__ Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two.", "Suspension (vehicle) __knowledge__ Suspension systems must support both roadholding/handling and ride quality, which are at odds with each other.", "Suspension (vehicle) __knowledge__ The tuning of suspensions involves finding the right compromise.", "Suspension (vehicle) __knowledge__ It is important for the suspension to keep the road wheel in contact with the road surface as much as possible, because all the road or ground forces acting on the vehicle do so through the contact patches of the tires.", "Suspension (vehicle) __knowledge__ The suspension also protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or luggage from damage and wear.", "Tank __knowledge__ A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat, with heavy firepower, strong armour,tracks and a powerful engine providing good battlefield maneuverability.", "Tank __knowledge__ The first tanks were designed to overcome the deadlock of trench warfare; in the 2010s, they are a mainstay of modern ground forces and a key part of combined arms combat.", "Tank __knowledge__ Modern tanks are versatile mobile land weapon system platforms, mounting a large-calibre cannon in a rotating gun turret, supplemented by mounted machine guns or other weapons.", "Tank __knowledge__ They combine this with heavy vehicle armour which provides protection for the crew, the vehicle's weapons, and its propulsion systems, and operational mobility, due to its use of tracks rather than wheels, which allows the tank to move over rugged terrain and adverse conditions such as mud, and be positioned on the battlefield in advantageous locations." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 10 ]

[ "My dad drives an SUV, even though we usually use it on city streets and highways. ", "I have no idea! It's supposed to be good for rough terrain, but we just drive it around town! It also guzzles gas!", "Oh a Smart Car! I've heard good things about those. Do you live in a state that gives a rebate for fuel efficient vehicles?" ]

[ "Sport utility vehicle", "Sport utility vehicle", "Sport utility vehicle" ]

[ "Taco\nSo who doesn't like tacos? I have never met a person who doesn't like any kind of taco at all.", "I like shrimp and chicken tacos! Even veggie and rice filled tacos are yummy!!", "I like to put cheese, salsa, and a packet of ranch seasoning powder on mine. LOL people think I'm weird. ", "Yes I love the spice!!! ", "Sure! Nachos and fajitas!! I literally pile up on the veggie component no matter which Mexican dish it is!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell is an American chain of fast food restaurants based out of Irvine, California and a subsidiary of Yum!", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Brands, Inc.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ The restaurants serve a variety of Tex-Mex foods that include tacos, burritos, quesadillas, nachos, novelty and specialty items, and a variety of \"value menu\" items.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ , Taco Bell serves more than 2 billion customers each year at 7,000 restaurants, more than 80 percent of which are owned and operated by independent franchisees and licensees.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell was founded by Glen Bell, who first opened a hot dog stand called Bell's Drive-In in San Bernardino, California in 1946 when he was 23 years old.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ A taco stand or taqueria is a food stall, food cart or restaurant that specializes in tacos and other Mexican dishes.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ The food is typically prepared quickly and tends to be inexpensive.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Many various ingredients may be used, and various taco styles may be served.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Taco stands are an integral part of Mexican street food.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Tacos became a part of traditional Mexican cuisine in the early 20th Century, beginning in Mexico City, as what had been a miner's snack began to be sold on street corners in the city.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Shops selling tacos have since proliferated throughout Mexico and other areas with a heavy Mexican culinary and cultural influence, including much of the Western United States and most other larger American cities.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Del Taco is an American fast food restaurant chain which specializes in American-style Mexican cuisine as well as American foods such as burgers, fries, and shakes.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Del Taco is led by CEO John D. Cappasola, Jr., and is headquartered in Lake Forest, California.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ The first Del Taco restaurant was opened by Ed Hackbarth and David Jameson in Yermo, California, on September 16, 1964.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ On the first day of business, Del Taco made $169.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Success of the first restaurant led to two in Barstow, one in Needles, and a fifth restaurant in Corona (the first Del Taco with a drive-through window).", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Dick Naugle, who installed the kitchen equipment in the Corona store, was impressed by the design and joined Hackbarth and Jameson in the fledgling business.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Taco Cabana is an American fast casual restaurant chain specializing in Mexican cuisine.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ A wholly owned subsidiary of Fiesta Restaurant Group, Inc, it is headquartered in San Antonio, Texas.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ As of September 2014 Taco Cabana had 166 locations throughout Texas, Oklahoma and New Mexico.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Most Taco Cabana restaurants have a drive-thru and many are open 24 hours a day.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ For most of the chain's history all locations were painted in the company's signature pink.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Taco Cabana is known for its interior, semi-enclosed and patio dining areas.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Most menu items are handmade daily on site in open display cooking areas including fajitas on an open-flame grill and tortillas made in-house.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's Tacos is a small local restaurant chain based in El Paso, Texas.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was founded on July 4, 1953 by local boxing promoter Joe Mora.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Long considered a local institution in El Paso, it is perhaps the city's best-known restaurant, having been featured in the Food Network show, \"The Best Thing I Ever Ate\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ It was also a topic of the Gabriel Iglesias stand up act, \"I'm not Fat...", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ I'm Fluffy\".", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Chico's has entered into local legend for its rolled tacos in a special tomato soup-like sauce, as well as its low prices.", "Chico's Tacos __knowledge__ Other items on the menu include hamburgers, French fries, grilled cheese sandwiches (or as Chicos Tacos employees often refer to them as \"grillos\"), and special round hot dogs served on hamburger buns." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos is a Chinese-Mexican fusion food truck based in Los Angeles, California.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ A veteran in the food truck industry, Don Chow was founded on April 22, 2009 by Dominic Lau and Lawrence Lie.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Their motto, “Where Chino meets Latino”, represents the pair’s Chinese heritage, (represented by the truck’s logo, a depiction of the traditional Chinese guardian lion), and the Hispanic influences that had been constant in their lives as they grew up in LA.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow Tacos ceased operations on February 16, 2015.", "Don Chow Tacos __knowledge__ Don Chow has appeared on the Food Network's \"Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\", as well NBC and KTLA.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell is an American chain of fast food restaurants based out of Irvine, California and a subsidiary of Yum!", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Brands, Inc.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ The restaurants serve a variety of Tex-Mex foods that include tacos, burritos, quesadillas, nachos, novelty and specialty items, and a variety of \"value menu\" items.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ , Taco Bell serves more than 2 billion customers each year at 7,000 restaurants, more than 80 percent of which are owned and operated by independent franchisees and licensees.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell was founded by Glen Bell, who first opened a hot dog stand called Bell's Drive-In in San Bernardino, California in 1946 when he was 23 years old.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ This discussion of the dental amalgam controversy outlines the debate over whether dental amalgam (the silver alloy in dental fillings) should be used.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ Supporters claim that it is safe, effective and long-lasting while critics argue that claims have been made since the 1840s that amalgam is unsafe because it may cause mercury poisoning and other toxicity.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ Those who are not opposed to the use of amalgam point out that it is safe, durable, relatively inexpensive, and easy to use.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ On average, amalgam lasts twice as long as resin composites, takes less time to place, is tolerant of saliva or blood contamination during placement (unlike composites), and is often about 20-30% less expensive.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Grammy Award for Best Mexican/Mexican-American Album __knowledge__ The Grammy Award for Best Mexican/Mexican-American Album was an honor presented to recording artists for quality albums in the Mexican music genre at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards.", "Grammy Award for Best Mexican/Mexican-American Album __knowledge__ Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to \"honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position\".", "Grammy Award for Best Mexican/Mexican-American Album __knowledge__ Since its inception, the award category has had several name changes.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Burrito __knowledge__ A burrito (, ) is a dish in Mexican and Tex-Mex cuisine that consists of a large wheat tortilla with various fillings.", "Burrito __knowledge__ It is wrapped into a closed-ended cylinder, in contrast to a taco, where the tortilla is simply folded around the fillings.", "Burrito __knowledge__ The tortilla is sometimes lightly grilled or steamed to soften it, make it more pliable, and allow it to adhere to itself when wrapped.", "Burrito __knowledge__ A wet burrito is covered in sauce and therefore cannot be picked up.", "Burrito __knowledge__ In Mexico, meat and refried beans are frequently the only fillings.", "Burrito __knowledge__ In the United States, however, burrito fillings may include a combination of ingredients such as Mexican-style rice or plain rice, boiled beans or refried beans, lettuce, salsa, meat, guacamole, cheese, sour cream and various vegetables.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ A doughnut or donut (both: or ; see spelling differences) is a type of fried dough confectionery or dessert food.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ The doughnut is popular in many countries and prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, and typically either ring-shaped or a number of shapes without a hole, and often filled, but can also be ball-shaped (the \"hole\").", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Other types of batters can also be used, and various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos () is an American brand of flavored tortilla chips produced since 1964 by Frito-Lay, a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original Doritos flavor is Nacho Cheese, though other flavors have since debuted for the company.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos originated in a restaurant at Disneyland.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos has also gained notoriety for its marketing campaigns, including many ads aired during the Super Bowl.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original product was made at the Casa de Fritos (now Rancho Del Zocalo) at Disneyland in Anaheim, California, during the early 1960s.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Using surplus tortillas and taking the original idea from the traditional Mexican snack known as totopo, the company-owned restaurant cut them up, fried them, and added basic seasoning, resembling the Mexican chilaquiles, but in this case being dry.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory __knowledge__ Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory is a 2008 American feature length documentary fan film written and directed by Brandon Kleyla to examine interest in the Indiana Jones films through interviews and profiles of more than 50 devotees of the films.", "Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory __knowledge__ Kleyla had been himself an actor since 1991 when he performed in an equity production of \"Evita\" at Daytona Beach Community College.", "Indyfans and the Quest for Fortune and Glory __knowledge__ In 1995 he played the character Bobby Fricker in the film \"Now and Then\", followed by his role as Josiah in \"\" (1996), the young version of the character James Whale in \"Gods and Monsters\" (1998), and the character of Young Kevin in \"Free Enterprise\" (1998)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ The Spice Girls were an English pop girl group formed in 1994.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ The group originally consisted of Melanie Brown (\"Scary Spice\"), Melanie Chisholm (\"Sporty Spice\"), Emma Bunton (\"Baby Spice\"), Geri Halliwell (\"Ginger Spice\"), and Victoria Beckham, née Adams (\"Posh Spice\").", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single \"Wannabe\" in 1996, which hit number one in 37 countries and established them as a global phenomenon.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ Their debut album \"Spice\" sold more than 31 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history.", "Spice Girls __knowledge__ Their follow-up album \"Spiceworld\" sold over 20 million copies worldwide.", "Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals __knowledge__ The Spice Girls were an English pop girl group that first came to international prominence with the release of their chart-topping debut single \"Wannabe\" in 1996.", "Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals __knowledge__ In 1997, the band became involved in an unprecedented marketing phenomenon, leading to a prolific number of Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals.", "Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals __knowledge__ With the official Spice Girls branding on hundreds of different products, they became the most merchandised group in music history.", "Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals __knowledge__ The Spice Girls brand reportedly produced over £300 million worldwide through merchandise in 1997.", "Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals __knowledge__ Globally, the group's total grosses were estimated to have been $500–800 million by May 1998.", "Wannabe __knowledge__ \"Wannabe\" is the debut single by English girl group Spice Girls.", "Wannabe __knowledge__ Written and composed by the group members in collaboration with Matt Rowe and Richard \"Biffco\" Stannard during the group's first professional songwriting session, it was produced by Rowe and Stannard for the group's debut album, \"Spice,\" released in November 1996.", "Wannabe __knowledge__ The song was written, composed, and recorded very quickly; but the result was considered lacklustre by their label, and was sent to be mixed by Dave Way.", "Wannabe __knowledge__ The group was not pleased with the result, and the recording was mixed again, this time by Mark \"Spike\" Stent.", "Wannabe __knowledge__ \"Wannabe\" is an uptempo dance-pop song which features Mel B and Geri Halliwell rapping.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Spice Up Your Life __knowledge__ \"Spice Up Your Life\" is a song by the British pop group Spice Girls.", "Spice Up Your Life __knowledge__ It was written by the group members, with Matt Rowe and Richard Stannard, at the same time as the group was filming scenes for their movie \"Spice World\".", "Spice Up Your Life __knowledge__ The song was produced by Rowe and Stannard for the group's second album \"Spiceworld\", released in November 1997.", "Spice Up Your Life __knowledge__ \"Spice Up Your Life\" is a dance-pop song with Latin influences.", "Spice Up Your Life __knowledge__ The lyrics are inspired by Bollywood films and reflects the group desire to \"write a song for the world\".", "Spice Up Your Life __knowledge__ The music video, directed by Marcus Nispel, features the Spice Girls in a futuristic setting, inspired by the 1982 film \"Blade Runner\", controlling every aspect of society in a dark futuristic cityscape.", "List of awards and nominations received by Spice Girls __knowledge__ The Spice Girls are a British pop group that released 3 studio albums, 1 greatest hits compilation and 13 singles globally between July 1996 and February 2008.", "List of awards and nominations received by Spice Girls __knowledge__ The group, with members Melanie Chisholm, Geri Halliwell, Emma Bunton, Melanie Brown and Victoria Beckham, sold more than 85 million records and topped every major albums chart around the world including Britain, United States, Australia, Japan, Canada, France and Germany.", "List of awards and nominations received by Spice Girls __knowledge__ After a hiatus of nearly seven years, all five founding members of the group reunited in 2007 for a greatest hits album and a world tour.", "List of awards and nominations received by Spice Girls __knowledge__ Created by Dick Clark in 1973, the American Music Awards (AMAs) is one of several major annual American music awards shows.", "Spice (album) __knowledge__ Spice is the debut studio album by English girl group the Spice Girls.", "Spice (album) __knowledge__ It was released on 19 September 1996 by Virgin Records.", "Spice (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded between 1995 and 1996 at Olympic Studios in Barnes, London, by producers Matt Rowe and Richard Stannard, and the production duo Absolute.", "Spice (album) __knowledge__ The album is a pop record with an inclusion of styles such as dance, R&B and hip hop.", "Spice (album) __knowledge__ It is considered to be the record that brought teen pop back, opening the doors for a wave of teen pop artists.", "Spice (album) __knowledge__ Conceptually, the album centered on the idea of Girl Power, and the hype surrounding the group was compared to Beatlemania.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Cheeses in Mexico have a history that begins with the Spanish conquest, as dairy products were unknown in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ The Spanish brought dairy animals, such as cattle, sheep, and goats, as well as cheesemaking techniques.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Over the colonial period, cheesemaking was modified to suit the mixed European and indigenous tastes of the inhabitants of New Spain, varying by region.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ This blending and variations have given rise to a number of varieties of Mexican cheeses.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ These are most popular in the country, although European cheeses are made, as well.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Almost all cheese in Mexico is made with cows’ milk, with some made from goats’ milk.", "Peruvian cuisine __knowledge__ Peruvian cuisine reflects local practices and ingredients—including influences from the indigenous population including the Inca and cuisines brought in with immigrants from Europe (Spanish cuisine, Italian cuisine, German cuisine), Asia (Chinese cuisine and Japanese cuisine) and West Africa.", "Peruvian cuisine __knowledge__ Without the familiar ingredients from their home countries, immigrants modified their traditional cuisines by using ingredients available in Peru.", "Peruvian cuisine __knowledge__ The four traditional staples of Peruvian cuisine are corn, potatoes and other tubers, Amaranthaceaes (quinoa, kañiwa and kiwicha) and legumes (beans and lupins).", "Chili pepper __knowledge__ The chili pepper (also chile pepper, chilli pepper, or simply chilli) from Nahuatl \"chīlli\" ) is the fruit of plants from the genus \"Capsicum\", members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae.", "Chili pepper __knowledge__ They are widely used in many cuisines to add spiciness to dishes.", "Chili pepper __knowledge__ The substances that give chili peppers their intensity when ingested or applied topically are capsaicin and related compounds known as capsaicinoids.", "Chili pepper __knowledge__ Chili peppers originated in Mexico.", "Chili pepper __knowledge__ After the Columbian Exchange, many cultivars of chili pepper spread across the world, used for both food and traditional medicine.", "Chili pepper __knowledge__ Worldwide in 2014, 32.3 million tonnes of green chili peppers and 3.8 million tonnes of dried chili peppers were produced." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos are a Mexican dish from northern Mexico.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The dish consists of tortilla chips (or \"totopos\") covered with cheese or cheese-based sauce, and is often served as a snack.", "Nachos __knowledge__ More elaborate versions add more ingredients and can be served as a main dish.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Ignacio \"Nacho\" Anaya is credited with creating the dish in about 1943.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The original nachos consisted of fried corn tortillas covered with melted cheese and sliced jalapeño peppers.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos originated in the city of Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico, just over the border from Eagle Pass, Texas.", "Nachos __knowledge__ In 1943, the wives of U.S. soldiers stationed at Fort Duncan in nearby Eagle Pass were in Piedras Negras on a shopping trip, and arrived at the restaurant after it had already closed for the day.", "Texan cuisine __knowledge__ Texan cuisine is the food associated with the U.S. state of Texas.", "Texan cuisine __knowledge__ Texas is a large state, and its cuisine has been influenced by a wide range of cultures, including Southern, German, British, African American, Cajun/Creole, Mexican, Native American, Asian, and to a lesser degree, Jewish and Italian.", "Texan cuisine __knowledge__ Tex-Mex refers to a style of cooking that combines traditional Mexican and Native American cuisines with American tastes and cooking techniques.", "Texan cuisine __knowledge__ Tex-Mex cooking differs from traditional Mexican cooking by using different proportions or types of ingredients, such as meats (like ground beef), melted cheeses, and spices more suited to the American palate.", "Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System __knowledge__ Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System, or Nachos, is instructional software for teaching undergraduate, and potentially graduate level operating systems courses.", "Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System __knowledge__ It was developed at the University of California, Berkeley, designed by Thomas Anderson, and is used by numerous schools around the world.", "Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System __knowledge__ Originally written in C++ for MIPS, Nachos runs as a user-process on a host operating system.", "Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System __knowledge__ A MIPS simulator executes the code for any user programs running on top of the Nachos operating system.", "Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System __knowledge__ Ports of the Nachos code exist for a variety of architectures.", "Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System __knowledge__ In addition to the Nachos code, a number of assignments are provided with the Nachos system.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ The Original Ninfa's on Navigation is a popular Mexican restaurant located at 2704 Navigation Boulevard in Houston, Texas.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ The restaurant serves both Tex-Mex and Mexican cuisine.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ The Original Ninfa's was started by Ninfa Rodríguez Laurenzo, a Mexican-American woman, in a tortilla factory.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ Ninfa Laurenzo became a full-time restaurateur and the tortilla factory closed.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ Mama Ninfa is widely credited with popularizing the fajita among Houstonians.", "Ninfa's __knowledge__ Dai Huynh of the \"Houston Chronicle\" said that the Ninfa's locations opened after the first two restaurants \"failed to attract the following of earlier restaurants.\"", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Fajita __knowledge__ A fajita (; ) in Tex-Mex cuisine is any grilled meat usually served as a taco on a flour or corn tortilla.", "Fajita __knowledge__ The term originally referred to the cut of beef used in the dish which is known as skirt steak.", "Fajita __knowledge__ Popular meats today also include chicken, pork, shrimp, lamb, salmon, and all other cuts of beef, as well as vegetables instead of meat.", "Fajita __knowledge__ In restaurants, the meat is usually cooked with onions and bell peppers.", "Fajita __knowledge__ Popular condiments are shredded lettuce, sour cream, guacamole, salsa, pico de gallo, shredded cheese, refried beans, and diced tomatoes.", "Fajita __knowledge__ The northern Mexican variant of the dish name is Arrachera.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Street food __knowledge__ Street food is ready-to-eat food or drink sold by a hawker, or vendor, in a street or other public place, such as at a market or fair.", "Street food __knowledge__ It is often sold from a portable food booth, food cart, or food truck and meant for immediate consumption.", "Street food __knowledge__ Some street foods are regional, but many have spread beyond their region of origin.", "Street food __knowledge__ Most street foods are classed as both finger food and fast food, and are cheaper on average than restaurant meals.", "Street food __knowledge__ According to a 2007 study from the Food and Agriculture Organization, 2.5 billion people eat street food every day.", "Street food __knowledge__ Today, people may purchase street food for a number of reasons, such as to get flavourful food for a reasonable price in a sociable setting, to try ethnic cuisines, or for nostalgia.", "Sincronizada __knowledge__ In traditional Mexican cuisine, the quesadilla sincronizada (, \"synchronized quesadilla\") is a tortilla-based sandwich made by placing ham and sometimes refried beans and chorizo and a portion of Oaxaca cheese (or any type of cheese) between two corn tortillas.", "Sincronizada __knowledge__ They are then grilled or even lightly fried until the cheese melts and the tortillas become crispy, cut into halves or wedges and served, usually with salsa and pico de gallo, avocado or guacamole on top and/or other toppings or condiments.", "Sincronizada __knowledge__ In some American Tex-Mex eateries, such as Taco Bell, some quesadillas and/or sincronizadas may include chicken fajita meat.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ A Quesadilla (; ) is a tortilla, usually a flour tortilla but also sometimes made with a corn tortilla, which is filled with cheese and then grilled.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ Other items, such as a savoury mixture of spices or vegetables, are often added, then they are cooked on a griddle.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ A full quesadilla involves two tortillas filled with cheese and stacked on top of each other.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ Halves are a single tortilla filled with cheese and folded into a half-moon shape.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ The quesadilla has its origins in colonial Mexico.", "Quesadilla __knowledge__ The quesadilla as a food has changed and evolved over many years as people experimented with different variations of it." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 46, 50 ]

[ "I agree! It is the best mexican dish, with so many fillings. What is your favourite?", "I love beef ones myself but I wouldnt mind trying a shrimp one! They are so versatile and you can have such variety. Which sauces or garnishes do you prefer?", "haha i dont. Cheese is a must!! I love salsa or guacamole and sometimes a nice chili pepper.", "Have you ever tried other types of mexican street food? Like quesadillas, nachos, fajita, gorditas. I just love it all!", "I love your food tastes! Mexico has the best food culture and if you ever visit it is one of the best cities in the world to sample great cuisines right there on the street." ]

[ "Taco", "Taco", "Taco", "Taco", "Taco" ]

[ "Baseball\nHave you ever played baseball?", "Cool. Whos is your favorite baseball team", "I also love the Yankees, who is your favorite player?", "I like Derek Jeter. Have you ever been to Yankees stadium?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Larry Kenneth Robert Walker (born December 1, 1966) is a Canadian former professional baseball right fielder in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his 17-year career, he played for the Montreal Expos (1989–1994), Colorado Rockies (1995–2004), and St. Louis Cardinals (2004–2005).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Since 2009, he has coached for the Canadian national baseball team.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Widely considered a five-tool talent of prodigious athleticism and instincts, Walker hit for both average and power, combined with well above-average speed, defense and throwing strength and accuracy.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his playing career, he stood tall and weighed , threw right-handed and batted left-handed.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ Charles Dillon \"Casey\" Stengel (; July 30, 1890 – September 29, 1975) was an American Major League Baseball right fielder and manager best known as the manager of both the championship New York Yankees of the 1950s, and later of the hapless expansion New York Mets.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in .", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ Stengel was born in Kansas City, Missouri.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ In 1910, he began a professional baseball career that would span over half a century.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ After almost three seasons in the minor leagues, Stengel reached the major leagues as an outfielder for the Brooklyn Dodgers.", "Casey Stengel __knowledge__ His six seasons there saw some success, including as a member of Brooklyn's 1916 National League championship team, but he also developed a reputation as a clown.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ George Herman \"Babe\" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a stellar left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714), runs batted in (RBIs) (2,213), bases on balls (2,062), slugging percentage (.690), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.164); the latter two still stand today.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ Anthony Keith Gwynn Sr. (May 9, 1960 – June 16, 2014), nicknamed \"Mr. Padre\", was an American professional baseball right fielder who played 20 seasons (1982–2001) in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ The left-handed hitting Gwynn won eight batting titles in his career, tied for the most in National League (NL) history.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ He is considered one of the best and most consistent hitters in baseball history.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ He had a .338 career batting average, never hitting below .309 in any full season.", "Tony Gwynn __knowledge__ Gwynn was a 15-time All-Star, recognized for his skills both on offense and defense with seven Silver Slugger Awards and five Gold Glove Awards.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The history of baseball in the United States can be traced to the 19th century, when amateurs played a baseball-like game by their own informal rules using homemade equipment.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport inspired the semi-pro national baseball clubs in the 1860s.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of baseball in the U.S was a 1791 Pittsfield, Massachusetts, ordinance banning the playing of the game within of the town meeting house.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ In 1903, the British sportswriter Henry Chadwick published an article speculating that baseball derived from a British game called rounders, which Chadwick had played as a boy in England.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ Theodore Samuel Williams (August 30, 1918 – July 5, 2002) was an American professional baseball player and manager.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ He played his entire 19-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career as a left fielder for the Boston Red Sox from 1939 to 1960, only interrupted by service time during World War II and the Korean War.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Kid\", \"The Splendid Splinter\", \"Teddy Ballgame\", \"The Thumper\", and \"The Greatest Hitter Who Ever Lived\", Williams is regarded as one of the greatest players in baseball history.", "Ted Williams __knowledge__ Williams was also an outstanding fielder, especially in the difficult left field of Fenway Park in Boston.", "Latrobe Athletic Association __knowledge__ The Latrobe Athletic Association was a professional football team located in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, from 1895 until 1909.", "Latrobe Athletic Association __knowledge__ A member of the unofficial Western Pennsylvania Professional Football Circuit, the team is best known for being the first football club to play a full season while composed entirely of professional players.", "Latrobe Athletic Association __knowledge__ In 1895, team's quarterback, John Brallier, also became the first football player to openly turn professional, by accepting $10 and expenses to play for Latrobe against the Jeannette Athletic Club.", "Latrobe Athletic Association __knowledge__ In 1895 the local Latrobe YMCA organized a local football team and announced that the team play a formal schedule." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ How the Grinch Stole Christmas (or Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas; also promoted theatrically as The Grinch) is a 2000 American Christmas comedy film directed by Ron Howard and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman based on the 1957 story of the same name by Dr. Seuss.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ The film was released by Universal Pictures on November 17, 2000.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ It was the first Dr. Seuss book to be adapted into a full-length feature film.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) __knowledge__ Because the film is based on a children's picture book, many additions were made to the storyline to bring it up to feature-length, including some information about the backstory of the title character and reworking the story's minor character Cindy Lou Who as a main character.", "WHOS __knowledge__ WHOS (800 AM, \"The Big Talker\") is a radio station licensed to serve Decatur, Alabama, USA.", "WHOS __knowledge__ The station is currently owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. and the broadcast license is held by Capstar TX Limited Partnership.", "WHOS __knowledge__ WHOS is one of five stations in the Huntsville, Alabama, market owned by iHeartMedia, Inc..", "WHOS __knowledge__ The station is also simulcast on WBHP at 1230 AM in Huntsville, a 106.5 FM broadcast translator in Huntsville, and on WQRV-HD2 (HD Radio).", "WHOS __knowledge__ WHOS broadcasts a news/talk format that serves northwest Alabama and south-central Tennessee.", "WHOS __knowledge__ The station's current programming is a simulcast of Huntsville, Alabama, sister station WBHP (1230 AM), \"The Valley's Big Talker.\"", "Seussical __knowledge__ Seussical is a musical by Lynn Ahrens and Stephen Flaherty based on the stories of Dr. Seuss (mainly \"Horton Hears a Who!", "Seussical __knowledge__ \", \"Horton Hatches the Egg\" and \"Miss Gertrude McFuzz\") that debuted on Broadway in 2000.", "Seussical __knowledge__ The play's story is a complex amalgamation of many of Seuss's most famous books.", "Seussical __knowledge__ After a Broadway run, the production spawned two US national tours and a UK tour.", "Seussical __knowledge__ It has become a beloved classic for schools, communities, and regional theatres.", "Seussical __knowledge__ In a reading in New York City, Eric Idle played the Cat in the Hat, and was credited at the time for contributions to the story line.", "Seussical __knowledge__ In the Toronto workshop in 1999, coordinated by Livent Inc., Andrea Martin played the Cat in the Hat.", "Horton Hears a Who! (TV special) __knowledge__ Horton Hears a Who!", "Horton Hears a Who! (TV special) __knowledge__ is a 1970 television special based on the Dr. Seuss book of the same name, \"Horton Hears a Who!\".", "Horton Hears a Who! (TV special) __knowledge__ It was produced and directed by Chuck Jones – who previously produced the Seuss special \"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"", "Horton Hears a Who! (TV special) __knowledge__ – for MGM Television and first broadcast March 19, 1970 on CBS.", "Horton Hears a Who! (TV special) __knowledge__ The special contains songs with lyrics by Seuss and music by Eugene Poddany, who previously wrote songs for Seuss' book, \"The Cat in the Hat Song Book\".", "Horton Hears a Who! (TV special) __knowledge__ In the Jungle of Nool, Horton the elephant bathes in the watering hole when he sees a small dust speck floating by.", "Horton Hears a Who! (TV special) __knowledge__ He hears a call for help coming from the dust speck and, thinking someone is living on it, saves it from going over a waterfall.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! __knowledge__ How the Grinch Stole Christmas!", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! __knowledge__ is a children's story by Theodor \"Dr. Seuss\" Geisel written in rhymed verse with illustrations by the author.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! __knowledge__ It follows the Grinch, a grouchy, solitary creature who attempts to put an end to Christmas by stealing Christmas-themed items from the homes of the nearby town Whoville on Christmas Eve.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! __knowledge__ Despite his efforts, Whoville's inhabitants still celebrate the holiday, so the Grinch returns everything that he stole and is the guest of honor at the Whos' Christmas dinner.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! __knowledge__ The story was published as a book by Random House in 1957, and at approximately the same time in an issue of \"Redbook\".", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez (born July 27, 1975), nicknamed \"A-Rod\", is a Dominican-American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Texas Rangers, and New York Yankees.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez was one of the sport's most highly touted prospects and is considered one of the greatest baseball players of all time.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez amassed a .297 batting average, 696 home runs, over 2,000 runs batted in (RBI), over 2,000 runs scored, and over 3,000 hits.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He is a 14-time All-Star and won three American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, ten Silver Slugger Awards, and two Gold Glove Awards.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special) __knowledge__ How the Grinch Stole Christmas!", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special) __knowledge__ (full title: Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas!)", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special) __knowledge__ is a 1966 Christmas animated television special directed and co-produced by Chuck Jones.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special) __knowledge__ It is based on the eponymous children's book by Dr. Seuss, the story of the Grinch trying to take away Christmas from the townsfolk of Whoville below his mountain hideaway.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special) __knowledge__ Originally telecast in the United States on CBS on December 18, 1966, it went on to become a perennial holiday special.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special) __knowledge__ The special also features the voice of Boris Karloff as the Grinch and the narrator.", "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special) __knowledge__ The Grinch (voiced by Boris Karloff) is the film's main character.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries in the National Hockey League have occurred between many teams and cities.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries have arisen for many different reasons, the primary ones including geographic proximity, familiarity with opponents, on-ice incidents, and cultural, linguistic, or national pride.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ The importance of these various factors has varied widely throughout the history of the league.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ During the earliest days of the NHL, the league was limited strictly to Central Canada, and all cities in the league were in close proximity, making for bitter rivalries all around.", "National Hockey League rivalries __knowledge__ In addition, Montreal had two teams representing its English-French divide.", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ Get Your Own Back was a British children's game show for BBC One, which ran from 26 September 1991 to 1 January 2004.", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ It has been presented throughout by Dave Benson Phillips with the addition of Lisa Brockwell as a co-host from 2001 to the programme's end in 2004.", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ The show featured two teams (originally three) consisting of a child and their respective, somewhat embarrassing adult playing a series of physical games.", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ The children attempt to score as many points as possible whilst their adults try to make the games as difficult as possible in a bid to avoid being gunged in the final round, as a fun act of revenge from the child contestants.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ The playoffs, play-offs, postseason and/or finals of a sports league are a competition played after the regular season by the top competitors to determine the league champion or a similar accolade.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ Depending on the league, the playoffs may be either a single game, a series of games, or a tournament, and may use a single-elimination system or one of several other different playoff formats.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ Playoff, in regard to international fixtures, is to qualify or progress to the next round of a competition or tournament.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ In team sports in the U.S. and Canada, the vast distances and consequent burdens on cross-country travel have led to regional divisions of teams.", "Double (association football) __knowledge__ The Double, in association football, is the achievement of winning a country's top tier division and its primary cup competition in the same season.", "Double (association football) __knowledge__ The lists in this article examine this definition of a double, while derivative sections examine much less frequent, continental instances.", "Double (association football) __knowledge__ \"The Double\" can also mean beating a team both home and away in the same league season, a feat often noted as \"doing the double\" over a particular opponent.", "Double (association football) __knowledge__ The first club to achieve a double was Preston North End in 1889, winning the FA Cup and The Football League in the inaugural season of the league.", "Double (association football) __knowledge__ The team who holds the record for the most doubles is Linfield of Northern Ireland, with a total of 24.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ There are a number of formats used in various levels of competition in sports and games to determine an overall champion.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ Some of the most common are the \"single elimination\", the \"best-of-\" series, the \"total points series\", and the \"round-robin tournament\".", "Playoff format __knowledge__ A Single elimination (\"knockout\") playoff pits the participants in one-game matches, with the loser being dropped from the competition.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ Single elimination tournaments are much more common in individual sports like tennis.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ In most tennis tournaments, the players are seeded against each other, and the winner of each match continues to the next round, all the way to the final.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "National Football League rivalries __knowledge__ As with all sports leagues, there are a number of significant rivalries in the National Football League (NFL).", "National Football League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries are occasionally created due to a particular event that causes bad blood between teams, players, coaches, or owners, but for the most part, they arise simply due to the frequency with which some teams play each other, and sometimes exist for geographic reasons.", "National Football League rivalries __knowledge__ Rivalries in the NFL are commonly recognized as such by fans and players alike.", "National Football League rivalries __knowledge__ While many rivalries are well established others are of more recent vintage, accepted as existing by the nature of the competition and history between the two teams." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ Bradley David Ausmus (; born April 14, 1969) is an American special assistant to the general manager of the Los Angeles Angels, and former catcher in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ He played for the San Diego Padres, Detroit Tigers, Houston Astros, and Los Angeles Dodgers.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ He also was the manager for the Tigers and the Israel national baseball team.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ A 1987 draft pick of the New York Yankees, he chose to alternate between attending Dartmouth College and playing minor league baseball.", "Brad Ausmus __knowledge__ He then had an 18-year major league playing career with the San Diego Padres, Detroit Tigers, Houston Astros, and Los Angeles Dodgers.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The history of the New York Yankees Major League Baseball (MLB) team spans more than a century.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank J. Farrell and William Stephen Devery bought the rights to an American League (AL) club in New York City after the 1902 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ The team, which became known as the Yankees in 1913, rarely contended for the AL championship before the acquisition of outfielder Babe Ruth after the 1919 season.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ With Ruth in the lineup, the Yankees won their first AL title in 1921, followed by their first World Series championship in 1923.", "History of the New York Yankees __knowledge__ Ruth and first baseman Lou Gehrig were part of the team's Murderers' Row lineup, which led the Yankees to a then-AL record 110 wins and a Series championship in 1927 under Miller Huggins.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders.", "Tyler Austin __knowledge__ Christopher Tyler Austin (born September 6, 1991) is an American professional baseball first baseman and outfielder for the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Tyler Austin __knowledge__ He played baseball for Heritage High School in Conyers, Georgia, before the Yankees selected him in the 2010 MLB draft.", "Tyler Austin __knowledge__ He became a highly regarded prospect, but missed playing time due to injuries.", "Tyler Austin __knowledge__ Austin made his MLB debut in 2016.", "Tyler Austin __knowledge__ Austin is the oldest of three sons born to Kim and Chris Austin.", "Tyler Austin __knowledge__ He also has two younger brothers, Dylan and Kyle.", "Tyler Austin __knowledge__ Though he grew up in Conyers, Georgia, from Atlanta, Austin grew up as a fan of the New York Yankees and considered Derek Jeter to be his favorite player.", "Joe DiMaggio __knowledge__ Joseph Paul DiMaggio (November 25, 1914 – March 8, 1999), nicknamed \"Joltin' Joe\" and \"The Yankee Clipper\", was an Italian-American baseball center fielder who played his entire 13-year career in Major League Baseball for the New York Yankees.", "Joe DiMaggio __knowledge__ He is perhaps best known for his 56-game hitting streak (May 15 – July 16, 1941), a record that still stands.", "Joe DiMaggio __knowledge__ DiMaggio was a three-time Most Valuable Player Award winner and an All-Star in each of his 13 seasons.", "Joe DiMaggio __knowledge__ During his tenure with the Yankees, the club won ten American League pennants and nine World Series championships.", "Joe DiMaggio __knowledge__ At the time of his retirement after the 1951 season, he ranked fifth in career home runs (361) and sixth in career slugging percentage (.579).", "Agnieszka Radwańska __knowledge__ Agnieszka Radwańska (nicknamed Aga, born 6 March 1989) is a Polish tennis player.", "Agnieszka Radwańska __knowledge__ Known for making intelligent use of the court, she has won twenty career singles titles and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No.", "Agnieszka Radwańska __knowledge__ 2 in July 2012.", "Agnieszka Radwańska __knowledge__ Her achievements include winning WTA's Fan Favourite Award six times, Shot of the Year four times, and Shot of the Month on a regular basis.", "Agnieszka Radwańska __knowledge__ Radwańska holds a number of tennis accolades.", "Agnieszka Radwańska __knowledge__ She is the first Polish player in the Open Era to reach a Grand Slam singles final (the 2012 Wimbledon Championships), the first Pole to win the WTA Finals (in 2015), the first Pole to claim a WTA singles title (the 2007 Nordea Nordic Light Open), and was one half of the first Polish team to win the Hopman Cup tournament.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The Red Sox have won eight World Series championships and have played in twelve.", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Founded in as one of the American League's eight charter franchises, the Red Sox' home ballpark has been Fenway Park since .", "Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The \"Red Sox\" name was chosen by the team owner, John I. Taylor, around , following the lead of previous teams that had been known as the \"Boston Red Stockings\", including the forerunner of the Atlanta Braves.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ The history of the Boston Red Sox begins in , as one of the original franchises of the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ In 1900, Ban Johnson's minor Western League, based in the Midwest, declared its equality with the National League, then the only major league in baseball.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Johnson changed the name of his league to the American League.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Competing in the streets, the upstart placed franchises in two of the largest and most important NL cities, Philadelphia and Boston.", "History of the Boston Red Sox __knowledge__ Playing their home games at Huntington Avenue Grounds, the Boston franchise (often called the Americans during this time) finished second and third place in their first two seasons before capturing their first pennant in 1903 and repeating the feat in 1904.", "Manny Ramirez __knowledge__ Manuel Arístides Ramírez Onelcida (born May 30, 1972) is a Dominican-American professional baseball outfielder for the Kōchi Fighting Dogs of the Shikoku Island League Plus.", "Manny Ramirez __knowledge__ He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for parts of 19 seasons.", "Manny Ramirez __knowledge__ He played with the Cleveland Indians, Boston Red Sox, Los Angeles Dodgers, Chicago White Sox, and Tampa Bay Rays before playing one season in the Chinese Professional Baseball League.", "Manny Ramirez __knowledge__ Ramirez is recognized for having had great batting skill and power.", "Manny Ramirez __knowledge__ He was a nine-time Silver Slugger and was one of 25 players to hit 500 career home runs.", "Manny Ramirez __knowledge__ His 21 grand slams are third all-time, and his 29 postseason home runs are the most in MLB history.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ George Herman \"Babe\" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a stellar left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714), runs batted in (RBIs) (2,213), bases on balls (2,062), slugging percentage (.690), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.164); the latter two still stand today." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Derek Jeter __knowledge__ Derek Sanderson Jeter ( ) (born June 26, 1974) is an American retired professional baseball shortstop, current businessman and baseball executive who is the chief executive officer (CEO) and part owner of the Miami Marlins of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Derek Jeter __knowledge__ As a shortstop, Jeter spent his entire 20-year MLB playing career with the New York Yankees.", "Derek Jeter __knowledge__ A five-time World Series champion, Jeter is regarded as a central figure of the Yankees' success of the late 1990s and early 2000s for his hitting, baserunning, fielding, and leadership.", "Derek Jeter __knowledge__ He is the Yankees' all-time career leader in hits (3,465), doubles (544), games played (2,747), stolen bases (358), times on base (4,716), plate appearances (12,602) and at bats (11,195).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the New York Mets of the National League.", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ In the season, the club began play in the AL as the Baltimore Orioles (no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles).", "New York Yankees __knowledge__ Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise (which had ceased operations) and moved it to New York City, renaming the club the New York Highlanders.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ Yankee Stadium was a stadium located in the Bronx, a borough of New York City.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ It was the home ballpark of the New York Yankees, one of the city's Major League Baseball (MLB) franchises, from 1923 to 1973 and then from 1976 to 2008.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ The stadium hosted 6,581 Yankees regular season home games during its 85-year history.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ It was also the former home of the New York Giants football team from 1956 through the first part of the 1973–74 football season.", "Yankee Stadium (1923) __knowledge__ The stadium's nickname, \"The House That Ruth Built\", is derived from Babe Ruth, the baseball superstar whose prime years coincided with the stadium's opening and the beginning of the Yankees' winning history.", "1996 World Series __knowledge__ The 1996 World Series was the 92nd edition of Major League Baseball's championship series, and concluded the 1996 Major League Baseball season.", "1996 World Series __knowledge__ A best-of-seven playoff, it featured the defending World Series champions and National League (NL) champion Atlanta Braves against the American League (AL) champion New York Yankees.", "1996 World Series __knowledge__ The Yankees defeated the Braves four games to two (despite being outscored 26–18) to capture their first championship since 1978 and their 23rd overall.", "1996 World Series __knowledge__ The Yankees became the third team to win a World Series after dropping Games 1 and 2 at their home stadium, following the Kansas City Royals in 1985 and the New York Mets in 1986.", "2009 World Series __knowledge__ The 2009 World Series was the 105th edition of Major League Baseball's (MLB) championship series.", "2009 World Series __knowledge__ The best-of-seven playoff was contested between the Philadelphia Phillies, champions of the National League (NL) and defending World Series champions, and the New York Yankees, champions of the American League (AL).", "2009 World Series __knowledge__ The Yankees defeated the Phillies, 4 games to 2, to win their 27th World Series championship.", "2009 World Series __knowledge__ The series was played between October 28 and November 4, broadcast on Fox, and watched by an average of roughly 19 million viewers.", "2009 World Series __knowledge__ Due to the start of the season being pushed back by the 2009 World Baseball Classic in March, this was the first World Series regularly scheduled to be played into the month of November.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The 2004 American League Championship Series was the Major League Baseball playoff series to decide the American League champion for the 2004 season.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ A rematch of the 2003 American League Championship Series, it was played between the Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees, at Fenway Park and the original Yankee Stadium, from October 12 to 20, 2004.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox became the first (and so far only) team in MLB history to come back from a 0–3 deficit to win a seven-game series.", "2004 American League Championship Series __knowledge__ The Red Sox, who had won the AL wild card, defeated the Anaheim Angels in the American League Division Series to reach the ALCS, while the Yankees, who had won the AL East with the best record in the AL, defeated the Minnesota Twins.", "Major League Baseball on NBC __knowledge__ Major League Baseball on NBC is the de facto branding for weekly broadcasts of Major League Baseball (MLB) games produced by NBC Sports, and televised on the NBC television network.", "Major League Baseball on NBC __knowledge__ Major League Baseball games first aired on the network from to , when CBS acquired the broadcast television rights; games returned to the network in with coverage lasting until .", "Major League Baseball on NBC __knowledge__ There have been several variations of the program dating back to the 1940s, including \"The NBC Game of the Week\" and \"Baseball Night in America\".", "Major League Baseball on NBC __knowledge__ From 1947 to 1956 and again in 1965, NBC only aired the All-Star Game (beginning in 1950) and World Series.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The history of baseball in the United States can be traced to the 19th century, when amateurs played a baseball-like game by their own informal rules using homemade equipment.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport inspired the semi-pro national baseball clubs in the 1860s.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of baseball in the U.S was a 1791 Pittsfield, Massachusetts, ordinance banning the playing of the game within of the town meeting house.", "History of baseball in the United States __knowledge__ In 1903, the British sportswriter Henry Chadwick published an article speculating that baseball derived from a British game called rounders, which Chadwick had played as a boy in England.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez (born July 27, 1975), nicknamed \"A-Rod\", is a Dominican-American former professional baseball shortstop and third baseman.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Texas Rangers, and New York Yankees.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez was one of the sport's most highly touted prospects and is considered one of the greatest baseball players of all time.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ Rodriguez amassed a .297 batting average, 696 home runs, over 2,000 runs batted in (RBI), over 2,000 runs scored, and over 3,000 hits.", "Alex Rodriguez __knowledge__ He is a 14-time All-Star and won three American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, ten Silver Slugger Awards, and two Gold Glove Awards.", "Fox Major League Baseball __knowledge__ Fox Major League Baseball (shortened to Fox MLB and also known as Major League Baseball on Fox, MLB on Fox, or MLB on FS1) a presentation of Major League Baseball (MLB) games produced by Fox Sports, the sports division of the Fox Broadcasting Company (Fox).", "Fox Major League Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball debuted on Fox on June 1, 1996.", "Fox Major League Baseball __knowledge__ The broadcaster has aired the World Series in 1996, 1998 and every edition since 2000, and the All-Star Game in 1997, 1999, and every year since 2001.", "Fox Major League Baseball __knowledge__ It has also aired the National League Championship Series and American League Championship Series on alternate years from 1996 to 2000, both from 2001 to 2006, and again on alternate years since 2007, with the National League on odd years and the American League on even years.", "Major League Baseball on CBS __knowledge__ Major League Baseball on CBS is the branding used for broadcasts of Major League Baseball (MLB) games produced by CBS Sports, the sports division of the CBS television network in the United States.", "Major League Baseball on CBS __knowledge__ The network has aired Major League Baseball telecasts in several variations dating back to the 1950s.", "Major League Baseball on CBS __knowledge__ The most notable version existed from 1990 to 1993.", "Major League Baseball on CBS __knowledge__ Technically, CBS' first ever official Major League Baseball telecast occurred on July 12, 1949.", "Major League Baseball on CBS __knowledge__ It was 16th annual All-Star Game from Ebbetts Field in Brooklyn and featured Red Barber on the play-by-play.", "Major League Baseball on CBS __knowledge__ It should be noted however that the Major League Baseball All-Star Game wasn't truly nationally televised until 1952.", "The Baseball Network __knowledge__ The Baseball Network was a short-lived television broadcasting joint venture between ABC, NBC and Major League Baseball.", "The Baseball Network __knowledge__ Under the arrangement, beginning in the 1994 season, the league produced its own in-house telecasts of games, which were then brokered to air on ABC and NBC.", "The Baseball Network __knowledge__ This was perhaps most evident by the copyright beds shown at the end of the telecasts, which stated \"The proceeding program has been paid for by the office of The Commissioner of Baseball\".", "The Baseball Network __knowledge__ The Baseball Network was the first television network in the United States to be owned by a professional sports league.", "The Baseball Network __knowledge__ In essence, The Baseball Network could be seen as a forerunner to the MLB Network, which would debut about 15 years later.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Minor League Baseball is a hierarchy of professional baseball leagues in the Americas that compete at levels below Major League Baseball (MLB) and provide opportunities for player development and a way to prepare for the major leagues.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ All of the minor leagues are operated as independent businesses.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Most are members of the umbrella organization known as Minor League Baseball (MiLB), which operates under the Commissioner of Baseball within the scope of organized baseball.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Several leagues, known as independent baseball leagues, do not have any official links to Major League Baseball.", "Minor League Baseball __knowledge__ Except for the Mexican League, teams in the organized minor leagues are generally independently owned and operated but are directly affiliated with one major league team through a standardized Player Development Contract (PDC)." ] ]

[ 1, 75, 38, 11 ]

[ "I did, when I was a kid I was on a team of 9 and we played against the two teams in the area.", "I like the Yankees, I love their intense rivalry with the Red Sox in the MLB!", "Probably Joe Di'maggio, he was in the game for 13 years! He was a major player in Major League Baseball.", "I haven't, id love to though, Derek Jeter is actually the CEO of the Miami Marlins here in FL!" ]

[ "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball" ]

[ "Isaiah Rashad\nMy sister is obsessed with this singer named Isaiah Rashad. Have you heard of him?", "Yes he is an American hip hop recording artist from Chattanooga, Tennessee. He's pretty good!", "I love hip hop music. While it may originate in the Bronx, its effects are wide reaching throughout the country and even the world.", "Yes. Another interesting thing about Isaiah Rashad is that he started rapping seriously in the 10th grade. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE) is an American record label founded in 2004, by CEO Anthony \"Top Dawg\" Tiffith.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ Dave Free and Punch are both presidents of the TDE.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ There are currently eight artists signed to the label: Isaiah Rashad, SZA, Lance Skiiiwalker, and SiR, as well as the flagship artists, Black Hippy members Kendrick Lamar, Jay Rock, ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ The label also houses a production division that includes Digi+Phonics, THC, King Blue and Derek \"MixedByAli\" Ali.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ In 1997, Anthony Tiffith began as a record producer, who had produced for rappers such as The Game and Juvenile, among others.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ Z is the third extended play (EP) by American singer and songwriter SZA.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ It was released on April 8, 2014, by Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ After amassing two self-released mixtapes, \"See.SZA.Run\" and \"S\", as well as meeting with members of Top Dawg Entertainment, she subsequently signed a recording contract with the indie label.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ The recording of the EP took place in Carson, California during the summer of 2013 with the help of her Top Dawg labelmate Isaiah Rashad, among others.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ A PBR&B and neo soul album, \"Z\" has a diverse musical style that incorporates contemporary urban genres such as soul, hip hop, and minimalist R&B, as well as 1980s synthpop elements.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The Sun's Tirade is the debut studio album by American rapper Isaiah Rashad.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ It was released on September 2, 2016, and is his second release with Top Dawg Entertainment, following \"Cilvia Demo\" (2014).", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from SiR, Zacari, Kendrick Lamar, Deacon Blues, Kari Faux, Syd tha Kyd, Hugh Augustine, Jay Rock and SZA.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The album's production was handled by several producers, including Mike Will Made It, D. Sanders, Cam O'bi, J. LBS, The Antydote and Chris Calor.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ \"The Sun's Tirade\" was met with critical acclaim from music critics, and appeared on numerous end-of-year best album lists from various publications.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ Cilvia Demo (also referred to as Cilvia) is the debut extended play (EP) by American hip hop recording artist Isaiah Rashad.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ It was released on January 28, 2014, by Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ The EP features guest appearances from Jean Deaux and Michael Da Vinci, as well as his Top Dawg label-mates SZA, Schoolboy Q and Jay Rock.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ The EP's production was handled by several record producers, namely Ross Vega, Mr. Carmack, Joseph L'Étranger, Black Metaphor, The Antydote, Farhot, Chris Calor, D. Sanders and a member of the Digi+Phonics Sounwave.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" received universal acclaim from music critics.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ Oxymoron is the third studio album by American rapper Schoolboy Q.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ The album was released on February 25, 2014, by Top Dawg Entertainment and Interscope Records.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ \"Oxymoron\" was his first album released under a major record label to music retailers, whereas his previous albums were released independently to digital retailers only.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ The album's recording took place from June 2012 through 2013.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ Schoolboy Q enlisted collaborators such as Kendrick Lamar, 2 Chainz, ASAP Rocky, Jay Rock, Tyler, the Creator and Kurupt, among others.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ The album's production was handled by high-profile record producers such as Boi-1da, The Alchemist, Mike Will Made It, Clams Casino, Nez & Rio, DJ Dahi and Pharrell, as well as others, including members of Top Dawg Entertainment's in-house production teams Digi+Phonics and THC.", "Clair Huxtable __knowledge__ Clair Olivia Hanks Huxtable is a fictional character who appears in the American sitcom \"The Cosby Show\".", "Clair Huxtable __knowledge__ Portrayed by actress Phylicia Rashad, Clair, the wife of Dr. Cliff Huxtable and mother of their five children, is the matriarch of the show's central Huxtable family.", "Clair Huxtable __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer, Clair values the importance of maintaining a successful career while running a strong household.", "Clair Huxtable __knowledge__ The character debuted alongside her family in \"The Cosby Show\"'s pilot, \"Theo's Economic Lesson\", which premiered on September 20, 1984.", "Clair Huxtable __knowledge__ Created by comedian Bill Cosby, Clair is based on Cosby's own wife, Camille." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "French hip hop __knowledge__ French hip hop is the hip hop music style which was developed in French-speaking countries.", "French hip hop __knowledge__ By 1982 and 1983, a number of hip hop radio shows had appeared on Paris radio, including \"Rapper Dapper Snapper\" (hosted by Sidney Duteil) and \"Funk à Billy\" (hosted by DJ Dee Nasty).", "French hip hop __knowledge__ And, in November 1982, the first major international hip hop concert tour, the New York City Rap Tour, traveled around France and to London, England featuring Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmixer DST, Fab 5 Freddy, Mr Freeze and the Rock Steady Crew.", "French hip hop __knowledge__ The first major star of French hip hop was MC Solaar, born Claude M'Barali in Dakar, Senegal.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ In 1985 hip hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Some of the first Senegalese rappers were M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Lida, M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Solaar, and Positive Black Soul, who mixed rap with \"Mbalax\", a type of West African pop music.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ An early South African group was Black Noise.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew in Cape Town until they started emceeing in 1989.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ There also have been groups in Tanzania and other countries that emceed before 1989,that knows as Kwanza Unit although it is not very well known.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop (also known as J-rap, J-hip hop or J-hop) is said to have begun when Hiroshi Fujiwara returned to Japan and started playing hip hop records in the early 1980s.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop generally tends to be most directly influenced by old school hip hop, taking from the era's catchy beats, dance culture, and overall fun and carefree nature and incorporating it into their music.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ As a result, hip hop stands as one of the most commercially viable mainstream music genres in Japan, and the line between it and pop music is frequently blurred.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Although rather informal and small scale, the early days of Japanese hip-hop provide the history for the emergence of the cultural movement.", "Tanzanian hip hop __knowledge__ Tanzanian Hip-hop, also known as Bongo Flava, encompasses a large variety of different sounds, but it is particularly known for heavy synth riffs and an incorporation of Tanzanian pop.", "Tanzanian hip hop __knowledge__ There is some debate over whether Bongo Flava, which has emerged as a defined pop movement, can really still be qualified under the overarching term \"hip hop\" and not a movement unto itself, when it is beginning to develop a distinctive sound that differs from hardcore rap or, for example, the Maasai Hip-hop of X Plastaz, who use the tradition of the Maasai tribe as the focal point for their sound and style.", "Tanzanian hip hop __knowledge__ A form of Tanzanian hip hop is Bongo Flava.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Timothy Mosley is a producer better known as Timbaland.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances, writing and production credits as Timothy Mosley, as Timothy Zachery Mosley, as Timbaland or DJ Timmy Tim.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in italics.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ DJ Timmy Tim - \"DJ Timmy Tim's Studio Session (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka Timbaland) S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) - \"S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Reboc - \"9 In The Morning (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Baby I Know (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Do You Wanna (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Makes You Say (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Da Boogie Man - \"Da Boogie Man (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Jodeci - \"Diary Of A Mad Band (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 21)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Missy Elliott - \"Red Lights (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Mr. Dalvin - \"Set It Off (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Static - \"S-T-A-T-I-C (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Goin' Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Smokin' In The Dark (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Sensation (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Thang (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugar & Spice (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland & Magoo - \"Ain't Nothin' But A B-Party (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Another Level (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"In The 90s (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Plenty Of Styles (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Da Funk (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Peepin' My Style (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"We Can Do This (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Virginia Williams - \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Let Me In Your Life (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Slow Drag (Studio Session)\" B-Rezell - \"Above The Rim OST (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, March 22)\" Jodeci - \"What About Us (VLS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #14, August 2)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (US R&B/Hip Hop #84, September 24)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) \"Brand New (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 4)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Usher - \"Usher (US R&B/Hip Hop #25, August 30)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) Jodeci - The Show, The After Party, The Hotel (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, July 18) Mr. Dalvin - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" Playa - \"Ride Around (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) 702 - \"Steelo Remixes\" Aaliyah – \"One In A Million (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, August 27)\" \"If Your Girl Only Knew (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 13)\" \"One In A Million (CDM) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 10)\" Babyface - \"This Is For The Lover In You (The Remix CD) (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, October 5)\" DeVante - \"Gin & Juice (VLS) (January 23)\" Ginuwine - \"Ginuwine...", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ The Neptunes are a two-member producing group consisting of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances as a duo and individuals.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ It also lists the writing and production credits as The Neptunes, as Williams or Hugo, or both.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in \"italics\".", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) – \"S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (With Larry Live, DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\", Mr. Magoo & Magnum The Verb Lord aka \"Pharrell Williams\", All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\") Wreckx N' Effect – \"Hard Or Smooth (November 24th, US #9)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) BLACKstreet – \"BLACKstreet (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Teddy Riley) SWV – \"Right Here (VLS) (July 10th, US #29)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley) The Legacy – \"Technobodies (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Chase Chad aka Chad Hugo) The Party – \"All About Love (Promo CDS)\" (Produced By Demetrius Ship) BLACKstreet – \"Blackstreet (June 21st, US #7)\" Wreckx N' Effect – \"NBA Jam Session\" (Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) Average Guyz – \"First Come, First Serve (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Chad Hugo) * * Mystikal – \"Mind Of Mystikal (October 15th)\" (Produced By Pharrell Williams & Leroy 'Precise' Edwards) SWV – \"The New Beginning (April 23)\" \"Use Your Heart (CDS) (July 28th, #6)\" Total – \"Total (January 13, US #23)\" (Samples Bee Gee's – Love You Inside Out) Jay-Z – \"In My Lifetime Vol." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ In 1985 hip hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Some of the first Senegalese rappers were M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Lida, M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Solaar, and Positive Black Soul, who mixed rap with \"Mbalax\", a type of West African pop music.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ An early South African group was Black Noise.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew in Cape Town until they started emceeing in 1989.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ There also have been groups in Tanzania and other countries that emceed before 1989,that knows as Kwanza Unit although it is not very well known.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ Filipino hip-hop or Pinoy hip hop (also known as Pinoy rap) is hip hop music performed by musicians of Filipino descent, both in the Philippines and overseas, especially by Filipino-Americans.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ This article focuses first on Filipino hip-hop in the Philippines, and secondly on that in the US.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ The Philippines is known to have had the first hip-hop music scene in Asia since the early 1980s, largely due to the country's historical connections with the United States where hip-hop originated.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ Rap music released in the Philippines has appeared in different languages or dialects such as Tagalog, Chavacano, Cebuano, Ilocano and English.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ Asian hip hop is a heterogeneous musical genre that covers all hip hop music as recorded and produced by artists of Asian origin.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ The first Chinese rap song was done by Harlem Yu of Taiwan in the early 80s which was parallel to the early New York 80s rap songs.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ In the Early 90s L.A. Boyz brought hip hop of the 90s from the US to Taiwan which then started the trend that spreads into Taiwan and the rest of the Chinese speaking world.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ The early Taiwan youth rap group like The Party and TTM were both participate underground and mainstream.", "Asian hip hop __knowledge__ In the late 90s Softhard and LMF in Hong Kong, has participate in Chinese hip hop/rap movement but since it was in Cantonese dialect it has not got that much publicity in both Taiwan and Mainland China(Mandarin speaking region).", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Illmatic is the debut studio album by American rapper Nas.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 1994, by Columbia Records.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ After signing with the label with the help of MC Serch, Nas recorded the album in 1992 and 1993 at Chung King Studios, D&D Recording, Battery Studios, and Unique Recording Studios in New York City.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Its production was handled by DJ Premier, Large Professor, Pete Rock, Q-Tip, L.E.S.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ and Nas himself.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Styled as a hardcore hip hop album, \"Illmatic\" features multi-syllabic internal rhymes and inner-city narratives based on Nas's experiences in Queensbridge, New York.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 12 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 60,000 copies in its first week.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ The Bronx () is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City, within the U.S. state of New York.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ It is geographically south of Westchester County; north and east of the island and borough of Manhattan to the south and west across the Harlem River; and north of the borough of Queens, across the East River.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one that has the majority of its area on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of and a population of 1,455,720 in 2016, has the fourth-largest land area, the fourth-highest population, and the third-highest population density.", "The Bronx __knowledge__ Since 1914, the Bronx has had the same boundaries as Bronx County, a county of New York and the third most densely populated county in the United States.", "British hip hop __knowledge__ British hip hop (sometimes informally referred to as \"Brit-Hop\", a term coined & popularized by British Vogue magazine.)", "British hip hop __knowledge__ is a genre of music, and a culture that covers a variety of styles of hip hop music made in Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland (Great Britain).", "British hip hop __knowledge__ It is generally classified as one of a number of styles of urban music.", "British hip hop __knowledge__ British hip hop was originally influenced by the dub/toasting introduced to the United Kingdom by Jamaican migrants in the 1960s–70s, who eventually developed uniquely influenced rapping (or speed-toasting) in order to match the rhythm of the ever-increasing pace and aggression of Jamaican-influenced dub in the UK and to describe street/gang violence, similar to that in the US.", "South Bronx __knowledge__ The South Bronx is an area of the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "South Bronx __knowledge__ As the name implies, the area comprises neighborhoods in the southern part of the Bronx, such as Concourse, Mott Haven, Melrose, and Port Morris.", "South Bronx __knowledge__ Formerly a deteriorating, poverty-stricken area, the South Bronx is now known for its hip hop culture and graffiti.", "South Bronx __knowledge__ The geographic definitions of the South Bronx have evolved and are disputed but certainly include the neighborhoods of Mott Haven, Melrose and Port Morris.", "South Bronx __knowledge__ The neighborhoods of Belmont, Castle Hill, Crotona Park East, Highbridge, Hunts Point, Longwood, Morrisania and Soundview are sometimes considered part of the South Bronx." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE) is an American record label founded in 2004, by CEO Anthony \"Top Dawg\" Tiffith.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ Dave Free and Punch are both presidents of the TDE.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ There are currently eight artists signed to the label: Isaiah Rashad, SZA, Lance Skiiiwalker, and SiR, as well as the flagship artists, Black Hippy members Kendrick Lamar, Jay Rock, ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ The label also houses a production division that includes Digi+Phonics, THC, King Blue and Derek \"MixedByAli\" Ali.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ In 1997, Anthony Tiffith began as a record producer, who had produced for rappers such as The Game and Juvenile, among others.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The Sun's Tirade is the debut studio album by American rapper Isaiah Rashad.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ It was released on September 2, 2016, and is his second release with Top Dawg Entertainment, following \"Cilvia Demo\" (2014).", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from SiR, Zacari, Kendrick Lamar, Deacon Blues, Kari Faux, Syd tha Kyd, Hugh Augustine, Jay Rock and SZA.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The album's production was handled by several producers, including Mike Will Made It, D. Sanders, Cam O'bi, J. LBS, The Antydote and Chris Calor.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ \"The Sun's Tirade\" was met with critical acclaim from music critics, and appeared on numerous end-of-year best album lists from various publications.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ Cilvia Demo (also referred to as Cilvia) is the debut extended play (EP) by American hip hop recording artist Isaiah Rashad.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ It was released on January 28, 2014, by Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ The EP features guest appearances from Jean Deaux and Michael Da Vinci, as well as his Top Dawg label-mates SZA, Schoolboy Q and Jay Rock.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ The EP's production was handled by several record producers, namely Ross Vega, Mr. Carmack, Joseph L'Étranger, Black Metaphor, The Antydote, Farhot, Chris Calor, D. Sanders and a member of the Digi+Phonics Sounwave.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" received universal acclaim from music critics.", "Schoolboy Q __knowledge__ Quincy Matthew Hanley (born October 26, 1986), better known by his stage name Schoolboy Q (often stylized ScHoolboy Q), is an American hip hop recording artist from South Central Los Angeles, California.", "Schoolboy Q __knowledge__ In 2009, Hanley signed to Carson-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE) and in late 2011, secured a recording contract with major label Interscope Records.", "Schoolboy Q __knowledge__ Hanley is also a member of the hip hop supergroup Black Hippy, alongside label-mates and fellow California-based rappers Ab-Soul, Jay Rock, and Kendrick Lamar.", "Schoolboy Q __knowledge__ In 2008, Hanley released his first full-length project, a mixtape titled \"ScHoolboy Turned Hustla\".", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ Z is the third extended play (EP) by American singer and songwriter SZA.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ It was released on April 8, 2014, by Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ After amassing two self-released mixtapes, \"See.SZA.Run\" and \"S\", as well as meeting with members of Top Dawg Entertainment, she subsequently signed a recording contract with the indie label.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ The recording of the EP took place in Carson, California during the summer of 2013 with the help of her Top Dawg labelmate Isaiah Rashad, among others.", "Z (EP) __knowledge__ A PBR&B and neo soul album, \"Z\" has a diverse musical style that incorporates contemporary urban genres such as soul, hip hop, and minimalist R&B, as well as 1980s synthpop elements.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ Oxymoron is the third studio album by American rapper Schoolboy Q.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ The album was released on February 25, 2014, by Top Dawg Entertainment and Interscope Records.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ \"Oxymoron\" was his first album released under a major record label to music retailers, whereas his previous albums were released independently to digital retailers only.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ The album's recording took place from June 2012 through 2013.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ Schoolboy Q enlisted collaborators such as Kendrick Lamar, 2 Chainz, ASAP Rocky, Jay Rock, Tyler, the Creator and Kurupt, among others.", "Oxymoron (album) __knowledge__ The album's production was handled by high-profile record producers such as Boi-1da, The Alchemist, Mike Will Made It, Clams Casino, Nez & Rio, DJ Dahi and Pharrell, as well as others, including members of Top Dawg Entertainment's in-house production teams Digi+Phonics and THC.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ In 1985 hip hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Some of the first Senegalese rappers were M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Lida, M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Solaar, and Positive Black Soul, who mixed rap with \"Mbalax\", a type of West African pop music.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ An early South African group was Black Noise.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew in Cape Town until they started emceeing in 1989.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ There also have been groups in Tanzania and other countries that emceed before 1989,that knows as Kwanza Unit although it is not very well known.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop (also known as J-rap, J-hip hop or J-hop) is said to have begun when Hiroshi Fujiwara returned to Japan and started playing hip hop records in the early 1980s.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop generally tends to be most directly influenced by old school hip hop, taking from the era's catchy beats, dance culture, and overall fun and carefree nature and incorporating it into their music.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ As a result, hip hop stands as one of the most commercially viable mainstream music genres in Japan, and the line between it and pop music is frequently blurred.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Although rather informal and small scale, the early days of Japanese hip-hop provide the history for the emergence of the cultural movement.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Timothy Mosley is a producer better known as Timbaland.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances, writing and production credits as Timothy Mosley, as Timothy Zachery Mosley, as Timbaland or DJ Timmy Tim.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in italics.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ DJ Timmy Tim - \"DJ Timmy Tim's Studio Session (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka Timbaland) S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) - \"S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Reboc - \"9 In The Morning (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Baby I Know (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Do You Wanna (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Makes You Say (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Da Boogie Man - \"Da Boogie Man (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Jodeci - \"Diary Of A Mad Band (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 21)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Missy Elliott - \"Red Lights (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Mr. Dalvin - \"Set It Off (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Static - \"S-T-A-T-I-C (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Goin' Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Smokin' In The Dark (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Sensation (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Thang (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugar & Spice (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland & Magoo - \"Ain't Nothin' But A B-Party (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Another Level (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"In The 90s (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Plenty Of Styles (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Da Funk (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Peepin' My Style (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"We Can Do This (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Virginia Williams - \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Let Me In Your Life (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Slow Drag (Studio Session)\" B-Rezell - \"Above The Rim OST (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, March 22)\" Jodeci - \"What About Us (VLS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #14, August 2)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (US R&B/Hip Hop #84, September 24)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) \"Brand New (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 4)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Usher - \"Usher (US R&B/Hip Hop #25, August 30)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) Jodeci - The Show, The After Party, The Hotel (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, July 18) Mr. Dalvin - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" Playa - \"Ride Around (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) 702 - \"Steelo Remixes\" Aaliyah – \"One In A Million (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, August 27)\" \"If Your Girl Only Knew (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 13)\" \"One In A Million (CDM) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 10)\" Babyface - \"This Is For The Lover In You (The Remix CD) (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, October 5)\" DeVante - \"Gin & Juice (VLS) (January 23)\" Ginuwine - \"Ginuwine...", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music arrived in Cuba via radio and TV broadcasts from Miami.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ During the 1980s hip hop culture in Cuba was mainly centred on breakdancing.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ But by the 1990s, with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the onset of the Special Period, young \"raperos\" were seeking ways to express their frustrations.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Initially hip hop was viewed with suspicion, not just by the government, but by many in the community as well.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ With raperos emulating US rappers' aggressive posturing and lyrical content, hip hop was seen as just another cultural invasion from the US, bringing with it the violence and problems of the ghettos." ] ]

[ 1, 12, 22, 2 ]

[ "no i have not. he ,ust ne young. is he into hip hop", "he sounds fun! hip hop is a type of art originating from bronx, new york. thats funny hes from tennessee then.", "There is all kinds of hip hop , they even have eurpean hip hop", "Yes, him and his friends would record themselves on their phones and laptiops?" ]

[ "Isaiah Rashad", "Isaiah Rashad", "Isaiah Rashad", "Isaiah Rashad" ]

[ "Acrophobia", "There's nothing irrational about falling to your death.", "So even if you're just standing on top of something short like a stepladder?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Acrophobia is an extreme or irrational fear or phobia of heights, especially when one is not particularly high up.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ It belongs to a category of specific phobias, called space and motion discomfort, that share both similar causes and options for treatment.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Most people experience a degree of natural fear when exposed to heights, known as the fear of falling.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ On the other hand, those who have little fear of such exposure are said to have a head for heights.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ A head for heights is advantageous for those hiking or climbing in mountainous terrain and also in certain jobs e.g.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ steeplejacks or wind turbine mechanics.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ People with acrophobia can experience a panic attack in high places and become too agitated to get themselves down safely.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Approximately 2–5% of the general population suffers from acrophobia, with twice as many women affected as men.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ The term is from the , \"ákron\", meaning \"peak, summit, edge\" and , \"phóbos\", \"fear\".", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Traditionally, acrophobia has been attributed, like other phobias, to conditioning or a traumatic experience.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Recent studies have cast doubt on this explanation; a fear of falling, along with a fear of loud noises, is one of the most commonly suggested inborn or \"non-associative\" fears." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Acrophobia is an extreme or irrational fear or phobia of heights, especially when one is not particularly high up.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ It belongs to a category of specific phobias, called space and motion discomfort, that share both similar causes and options for treatment.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Most people experience a degree of natural fear when exposed to heights, known as the fear of falling.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ On the other hand, those who have little fear of such exposure are said to have a head for heights.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ A head for heights is advantageous for those hiking or climbing in mountainous terrain and also in certain jobs e.g.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ steeplejacks or wind turbine mechanics.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ People with acrophobia can experience a panic attack in high places and become too agitated to get themselves down safely.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Approximately 2–5% of the general population suffers from acrophobia, with twice as many women affected as men.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ The term is from the , \"ákron\", meaning \"peak, summit, edge\" and , \"phóbos\", \"fear\".", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Traditionally, acrophobia has been attributed, like other phobias, to conditioning or a traumatic experience.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Recent studies have cast doubt on this explanation; a fear of falling, along with a fear of loud noises, is one of the most commonly suggested inborn or \"non-associative\" fears.", "Development of BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ The development of \"BioShock Infinite\" began after \"BioShock\"s release in August 2007.", "Development of BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ 2K Games published \"BioShock Infinite\" on 26 March 2013 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 as the third game in the \"BioShock\" series.", "Development of BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ The five-year development, led by studio Irrational Games, began under the moniker \"Project Icarus\".", "Development of BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ Irrational's creative lead, Ken Levine was inspired by events at the turn of the 20th Century and the expansion of the concept of American Exceptionalism set by the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago.", "Development of BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ His story took these events to create a tale set in 1912 where the player, as former Pinkerton agent Booker DeWitt, is challenged to rescue the young woman Elizabeth that has been kept aboard the floating city of Columbia in the middle of a civil war between its founder Father Zachary Comstock and the Vox Populi, the underclass revolting against him.", "Irrational number __knowledge__ In mathematics, the irrational numbers are all the real numbers which are not rational numbers, the latter being the numbers constructed from ratios (or fractions) of integers.", "Irrational number __knowledge__ When the ratio of lengths of two line segments is an irrational number, the line segments are also described as being \"incommensurable\", meaning that they share no \"measure\" in common, that is, there is no length (\"the measure\"), no matter how short, that could be used to express the lengths of both of the two given segments as integer multiples of itself.", "Irrational number __knowledge__ Among irrational numbers are the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, Euler's number e, the golden ratio \"φ\", and the square root of two; in fact all square roots of natural numbers, other than of perfect squares, are irrational.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ John Enoch Powell, MBE (16 June 1912 – ) was a British politician, classical scholar, philologist, and poet.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ He served as a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP, 1950–74), Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) MP (1974–87), and Minister of Health (1960–63).", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ Before entering politics, Powell was a classical scholar, becoming a full professor of ancient Greek at the age of 25 in Australia.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ During the Second World War, he served in both staff and intelligence positions, reaching the rank of brigadier in his early thirties.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ He also wrote poetry; his first works being published in 1937, as well as many books on classical and political subjects.", "Rational choice theory __knowledge__ Rational choice theory, also known as choice theory or rational action theory, is a framework for understanding and often formally modeling social and economic behavior.", "Rational choice theory __knowledge__ The basic premise of rational choice theory is that aggregate social behavior results from the behavior of individual actors, each of whom is making their individual decisions.", "Rational choice theory __knowledge__ The theory also focuses on the determinants of the individual choices (methodological individualism).", "Rational choice theory __knowledge__ Rational choice theory then assumes that an individual has preferences among the available choice alternatives that allow them to state which option they prefer.", "Sam Harris __knowledge__ Samuel Benjamin Harris (born April 9, 1967) is an American author, philosopher, neuroscientist, blogger and podcast host.", "Sam Harris __knowledge__ He is a critic of religion and proponent of the liberty to criticize religion.", "Sam Harris __knowledge__ He is concerned with matters that touch on spirituality, morality, neuroscience, free will and terrorism.", "Sam Harris __knowledge__ He is described as one of the \"Four Horsemen of New Atheism\", with Richard Dawkins, Christopher Hitchens and Daniel Dennett.", "Sam Harris __knowledge__ Harris's first book \"The End of Faith\" (2004) won the PEN/Martha Albrand Award for First Nonfiction.", "Sam Harris __knowledge__ In \"The Moral Landscape\" (2010), he argues that science answers moral problems and can aid human well-being.", "Irrationality __knowledge__ Irrationality is cognition, thinking, talking, or acting without inclusion of rationality.", "Irrationality __knowledge__ It is more specifically described as an action or opinion given through inadequate use of reason, or through emotional distress or cognitive deficiency.", "Irrationality __knowledge__ The term is used, usually pejoratively, to describe thinking and actions that are, or appear to be, less useful, or more illogical than other more rational alternatives.", "Irrationality __knowledge__ Irrational behaviors of individuals include taking offense or becoming angry about a situation that has not yet occurred, expressing emotions exaggeratedly (such as crying hysterically), maintaining unrealistic expectations, engaging in irresponsible conduct such as problem intoxication, disorganization, and falling victim to confidence tricks.", "Spaziano v. Florida __knowledge__ Spaziano v. Florida, was two United States Supreme Court cases dealing with the imposition of the death penalty.", "Spaziano v. Florida __knowledge__ In the first case, 454 U.S. 1037 (1981), the Supreme Court, with two dissents, refused Spaziano's petition for certiorari.", "Spaziano v. Florida __knowledge__ However, the Florida Supreme Court would reverse Spaziano's death sentence based on the judge's receipt of a confidential report which was not received by either party.", "Spaziano v. Florida __knowledge__ On remand, the judge reimposed the death penalty and the Florida Supreme Court upheld the sentence.", "Spaziano v. Florida __knowledge__ In the second case, the Court heard Spaziano's appeal of his death sentence.", "Spaziano v. Florida __knowledge__ Spaziano was tried for first-degree murder, but the court refused to offer lesser non-capital offenses as the statute of limitations had expired on them when Spaziano refused to waive the statute of limitations.", "Fear __knowledge__ Fear is a feeling induced by perceived danger or threat that occurs in certain types of organisms, which causes a change in metabolic and organ functions and ultimately a change in behavior, such as fleeing, hiding, or freezing from perceived traumatic events.", "Fear __knowledge__ Fear in human beings may occur in response to a specific stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to body or life.", "Fear __knowledge__ The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis.", "Phobia __knowledge__ A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder, defined by a persistent fear of an object or situation.", "Phobia __knowledge__ The phobia typically results in a rapid onset of fear and is present for more than six months.", "Phobia __knowledge__ The affected person will go to great lengths to avoid the situation or object, typically to a degree greater than the actual danger posed.", "Phobia __knowledge__ If the feared object or situation cannot be avoided, the affected person will have significant distress.", "Phobia __knowledge__ With blood or injury phobia, fainting may occur.", "Phobia __knowledge__ Agoraphobia is often associated with panic attacks.", "Phobia __knowledge__ Usually a person has phobias to a number of objects or situations.", "Head for heights __knowledge__ To have a head for heights means that one has no acrophobia, an irrational fear of heights, and is not particularly prone to fear of falling or suffering from vertigo, the spinning sensation that can be triggered, for example, by looking down from a high place.", "Head for heights __knowledge__ A head for heights is frequently stated as a requirement when mountain hiking or climbing for a particular route as well as paragliding and hang-gliding.", "Head for heights __knowledge__ It is needed for certain jobs, for example, wind turbine technicians, chimney sweeps, roofers, steeplejacks and window cleaners.", "Head for heights __knowledge__ Mohawk ironworkers have worked for generations erecting New York City skyscrapers, though it is a myth they have an innate skill for doing so.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ Roller coaster phobia is a colloquial and slang term describing an individual's fear of roller coasters.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ While roller coasters are the most popular theme park attraction, certain people feel nauseated, afraid, dizzy, or unsafe when riding roller coasters.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ In the majority of cases, this fear is related to acrophobia, claustrophobia, or a traumatic event.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ Roller coaster phobia can be overcome relatively easily, the best cure being going on the tallest/fastest roller coaster before riding roller coasters of a lesser magnitude.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ Roller coaster phobia has been linked to previously experiencing an accident, vertigo, and fear of heights.", "Fear of falling __knowledge__ The fear of falling (FOF), also referred to as basophobia (or basiphobia), is a natural fear and is typical of most humans and mammals, in varying degrees of extremity.", "Fear of falling __knowledge__ It differs from acrophobia (the fear of heights), although the two fears are closely related.", "Fear of falling __knowledge__ The fear of falling encompasses the anxieties accompanying the sensation and the possibly dangerous effects of falling, as opposed to the heights themselves.", "Fear of falling __knowledge__ Those who have little fear of falling may be said to have a head for heights.", "Fear of falling __knowledge__ Basophobia is sometimes associated with astasia-abasia, the fear of walking/standing erect.", "Fear of falling __knowledge__ Studies done by psychologists Eleanor J. Gibson and Richard D. Walk have further explained the nature of this fear.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ Vertigo is a 1958 American film noir psychological thriller film directed and produced by Alfred Hitchcock.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ The story was based on the 1954 novel \"D'entre les morts\" (\"From Among the Dead\") by Boileau-Narcejac.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Alec Coppel and Samuel A. Taylor.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ The film stars James Stewart as former police detective John \"Scottie\" Ferguson.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ Scottie is forced into early retirement because an incident in the line of duty has caused him to develop acrophobia (an extreme fear of heights) and vertigo (a false sense of rotational movement).", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ Scottie is hired by an acquaintance, Gavin Elster, as a private investigator to follow Gavin's wife Madeleine (Kim Novak), who is behaving strangely." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Acrophobia is an extreme or irrational fear or phobia of heights, especially when one is not particularly high up.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ It belongs to a category of specific phobias, called space and motion discomfort, that share both similar causes and options for treatment.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Most people experience a degree of natural fear when exposed to heights, known as the fear of falling.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ On the other hand, those who have little fear of such exposure are said to have a head for heights.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ A head for heights is advantageous for those hiking or climbing in mountainous terrain and also in certain jobs e.g.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ steeplejacks or wind turbine mechanics.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ People with acrophobia can experience a panic attack in high places and become too agitated to get themselves down safely.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Approximately 2–5% of the general population suffers from acrophobia, with twice as many women affected as men.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ The term is from the , \"ákron\", meaning \"peak, summit, edge\" and , \"phóbos\", \"fear\".", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Traditionally, acrophobia has been attributed, like other phobias, to conditioning or a traumatic experience.", "Acrophobia __knowledge__ Recent studies have cast doubt on this explanation; a fear of falling, along with a fear of loud noises, is one of the most commonly suggested inborn or \"non-associative\" fears.", "History of QubicaAMF Bowling World Cup __knowledge__ The QubicaAMF Bowling World Cup is an amateur singles event within the sport of ten-pin bowling, sanctioned by World Bowling and sponsored by QubicaAMF Worldwide.", "History of QubicaAMF Bowling World Cup __knowledge__ It is the largest annual international sports championship in terms of participating nations.", "History of QubicaAMF Bowling World Cup __knowledge__ Since its inception in 1965, this event has brought together champions from all over world so that players from small countries with few bowling facilities can meet the greats of the sport, all on equal terms and all in a spirit of friendly competition.", "History of QubicaAMF Bowling World Cup __knowledge__ Heads of state, members of royal families, government ministers, media personalities and renowned sportspeople have all been to the tournament and tried their hands at bowling.", "PBA Tour __knowledge__ The PBA Tour is the major professional tour for ten-pin bowling, operated by the Professional Bowlers Association.", "PBA Tour __knowledge__ Headquartered in Seattle, Washington, 4,300 members worldwide make up the PBA.", "PBA Tour __knowledge__ Within the membership, a small percentage of the bowlers compete on both a national and international level, forming the PBA Tour.", "PBA Tour __knowledge__ From September to April of each year, the PBA Tour puts on a series of events for PBA members.", "PBA Tour __knowledge__ The events are held across the United States.", "PBA Tour __knowledge__ In addition, the PBA Tour co-hosts the Round1 Japan Cup, along with the Japan Professional Bowling Association (JPBA).", "PBA Tour __knowledge__ And, select American members compete against their European counterparts in the Weber Cup.", "Marienetta Jirkowsky __knowledge__ Marienetta \"Micki\" Jirkowsky (25 August 1962 – 22 November 1980) was a German woman who became the one-hundred and twenty-fifth known person to die at the Berlin Wall.", "Marienetta Jirkowsky __knowledge__ Jirkowsky was shot and killed by East German border guards during an escape attempt, and at 18 years-old was one of the youngest victims and the youngest of the 8 women killed at the Berlin wall.", "Marienetta Jirkowsky __knowledge__ Marienetta Jirkowsky was born on 25 August, 1962, in Bad Saarow, East Germany, the only child to Klaus Jirkowsky, a skilled bricklayer, and his wife, Astrid, employed by the Reifenkombinat Fürstenwalde, a tire manufacturing plant.", "Marienetta Jirkowsky __knowledge__ Marienetta grew up in Spreenhagen and last lived at Birkenweg 13, where she was nicknamed \"Micki\" by her friends, as she was a \"small, free-spirited and fun-loving person.\"", "Playoff format __knowledge__ There are a number of formats used in various levels of competition in sports and games to determine an overall champion.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ Some of the most common are the \"single elimination\", the \"best-of-\" series, the \"total points series\", and the \"round-robin tournament\".", "Playoff format __knowledge__ A Single elimination (\"knockout\") playoff pits the participants in one-game matches, with the loser being dropped from the competition.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ Single elimination tournaments are much more common in individual sports like tennis.", "Playoff format __knowledge__ In most tennis tournaments, the players are seeded against each other, and the winner of each match continues to the next round, all the way to the final.", "Something Short of Paradise __knowledge__ Something Short of Paradise is a 1979 romantic comedy film directed by David Helpern from a screenplay by Fred Barron.", "Something Short of Paradise __knowledge__ It stars Susan Sarandon and David Steinberg.", "Something Short of Paradise __knowledge__ Madeleine Ross (Susan Sarandon) is a journalist, and her boyfriend, Harris Sloane (David Steinberg), is the owner of an art theatre.", "Something Short of Paradise __knowledge__ Their relationship is on-again/off-again, and when Madeleine meets the French star Jean-Fidel Mileau (Jean-Pierre Aumont) it provokes changes in the way she and Harris feel about each other.", "Something Short of Paradise __knowledge__ \"Something Short of Paradise\" was shot in New York City, and was advertised with the tagline \"Love isn't blind... just a little nearsighted!\"", "Aumi Guerra __knowledge__ Aura Mireya Guerra López (born May 5, 1977 in the city of Santo Domingo) is a Dominican ten-pin bowler who won back to back Qubica AMF Bowling World Cup Titles (2010 & 2011).", "Aumi Guerra __knowledge__ Finished in 5th position of the combined rankings at the 2006 Qubica-AMF World Cup in Caracas, Venezuela.", "Aumi Guerra __knowledge__ At the 2007 World Ranking Masters held in Lake Wales, Florida, she finished in 3rd position when she lost the semifinal match to England's Zara Glover.", "Aumi Guerra __knowledge__ Bronze medallist at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro.", "Aumi Guerra __knowledge__ Defeated Colombia's Paola Gómez 2 - 0 to win the bronze medal match in the individual event.", "Aumi Guerra __knowledge__ Playing at the 2007 Qubica-AMF World cup, in the city of St Petersburg, Russia, Guerra fished in 7th position after the final round.", "UAAP Volleyball Championship __knowledge__ The University Athletic Association of the Philippines volleyball tournament is divided into four divisions, namely men's, women's, boys' and girls'.", "UAAP Volleyball Championship __knowledge__ Volleyball is a mandatory sport in the women's division.", "UAAP Volleyball Championship __knowledge__ The UAAP volleyball tournament was formerly held in the first semester of the school year.", "UAAP Volleyball Championship __knowledge__ Then in Season 69 (school year 2006-2007), the UAAP Board decided that it be moved to the second semester.", "UAAP Volleyball Championship __knowledge__ This decision was made so that the games can be televised to improve its popularity.", "UAAP Volleyball Championship __knowledge__ The tournament begins with a double round robin eliminations, where a team meets its opponent twice in a season.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ Roller coaster phobia is a colloquial and slang term describing an individual's fear of roller coasters.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ While roller coasters are the most popular theme park attraction, certain people feel nauseated, afraid, dizzy, or unsafe when riding roller coasters.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ In the majority of cases, this fear is related to acrophobia, claustrophobia, or a traumatic event.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ Roller coaster phobia can be overcome relatively easily, the best cure being going on the tallest/fastest roller coaster before riding roller coasters of a lesser magnitude.", "Roller coaster phobia __knowledge__ Roller coaster phobia has been linked to previously experiencing an accident, vertigo, and fear of heights.", "Acrophobia (ride) __knowledge__ Acrophobia is the name for a free-fall tower ride located at Six Flags Over Georgia in Austell.", "Acrophobia (ride) __knowledge__ The attraction was designed by Intamin of Switzerland, and is marketed by Intamin's Liechtenstein-based subsidiary Ride Trade.", "Acrophobia (ride) __knowledge__ When Acrophobia opened to the public in the spring of 2001, it became the first free-fall attraction of its kind in the world.", "Acrophobia (ride) __knowledge__ Acrophobia is the latest version in a long-running series of attractions designed by Intamin that create the sensation of free fall.", "Acrophobia (ride) __knowledge__ The first free-fall towers were, in essence, vertical drop roller coaster rides, although many coaster fans do not classify them as such.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ Vertigo is a 1958 American film noir psychological thriller film directed and produced by Alfred Hitchcock.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ The story was based on the 1954 novel \"D'entre les morts\" (\"From Among the Dead\") by Boileau-Narcejac.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Alec Coppel and Samuel A. Taylor.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ The film stars James Stewart as former police detective John \"Scottie\" Ferguson.", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ Scottie is forced into early retirement because an incident in the line of duty has caused him to develop acrophobia (an extreme fear of heights) and vertigo (a false sense of rotational movement).", "Vertigo (film) __knowledge__ Scottie is hired by an acquaintance, Gavin Elster, as a private investigator to follow Gavin's wife Madeleine (Kim Novak), who is behaving strangely.", "Phobia __knowledge__ A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder, defined by a persistent fear of an object or situation.", "Phobia __knowledge__ The phobia typically results in a rapid onset of fear and is present for more than six months.", "Phobia __knowledge__ The affected person will go to great lengths to avoid the situation or object, typically to a degree greater than the actual danger posed.", "Phobia __knowledge__ If the feared object or situation cannot be avoided, the affected person will have significant distress.", "Phobia __knowledge__ With blood or injury phobia, fainting may occur.", "Phobia __knowledge__ Agoraphobia is often associated with panic attacks.", "Phobia __knowledge__ Usually a person has phobias to a number of objects or situations.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Parallax (comics) __knowledge__ Parallax is a fictional comic book supervillain in the DC Comics universe.", "Parallax (comics) __knowledge__ Created by writer Ron Marz and artist Darryl Banks for \"Green Lantern\" vol.", "Parallax (comics) __knowledge__ 3, #48 (January 1994), Parallax was originally devised as the new supervillain identity for then-former Green Lantern protagonist Hal Jordan.", "Parallax (comics) __knowledge__ After further changes for the Hal Jordan character over the subsequent years (sacrificing his life in order to reignite Earth’s Sun in the 1996 crossover storyline \"The Final Night\", and Jordan’s soul subsequently becoming the newest host of the Spectre in the 1999 miniseries \"Day of Judgment\"), 2004's \"\" once again cast Jordan as a heroic Green Lantern and explained Parallax as an ancient entity embodying the yellow light of fear which possessed Jordan and drove him to villainous action." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 7 ]

[ "I have acrophobia, or a very irrational fear of heights. ", "Well, the thing about acrophobia is that you can feel that immense fear, even when you aren't particularly high up. ", "Yes! Sometimes I will experience panic attacks when i am in a high place as well." ]

[ "Acrophobia", "Acrophobia", "Acrophobia" ]

[ "Krav Maga\nI've only ever trained as a boxer, have you trained with any fighting styles?", "That's what I've heard also. I am interested in learning further about Krav Maga, perhaps even take a lesson.", "Wow! At least it includes boxing. Do Krav Maga gyms usually offer the first lesson free?", "Interesting, I hope the training isn't super unsafe. Even though with whatever fighting style you practice, there's always a chance for injury. How long has this fighting style existed?", "Wow, it's been around for some time then. What would be the ideal level of fitness would someone need to have in order to start training in Krav Maga?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The first documented use of the term \"mixed martial arts\" was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan, Taiwan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Boxing is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other for a predetermined set of time in a boxing ring.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Amateur boxing is both an Olympic and Commonwealth Games sport and is a common fixture in most international games—it also has its own World Championships.", "Boxing __knowledge__ Boxing is supervised by a referee over a series of one- to three-minute intervals called rounds.", "Boxing __knowledge__ The result is decided when an opponent is deemed incapable to continue by a referee, is disqualified for breaking a rule, resigns by throwing in a towel, or is pronounced the winner or loser based on the judges' scorecards at the end of the contest.", "Chinese martial arts __knowledge__ Chinese martial arts, often named under the umbrella terms kung fu (; ) and wushu (), are the several hundred fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in China.", "Chinese martial arts __knowledge__ These fighting styles are often classified according to common traits, identified as \"families\" (; ), \"sects\" (; ) or \"schools\" (; ) of martial arts.", "Chinese martial arts __knowledge__ Examples of such traits include \"Shaolinquan\" () physical exercises involving Five Animals () mimicry, or training methods inspired by Old Chinese philosophies, religions and legends.", "Chinese martial arts __knowledge__ Styles that focus on qi manipulation are called \"internal\" (; ), while others that concentrate on improving muscle and cardiovascular fitness are called \"external\" (; ).", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 2007-2008 Super Sentai Series \"Juken Sentai Gekiranger\".", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ Each faction is a different school of the fictional martial arts known as .", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ is a fictional school of martial arts practiced by the protagonists of the Japanese Super Sentai show \"Juken Sentai Gekiranger\".", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ Those that practice Geki Jūken use a form of Qi within their bodies that manifests their passion for justice, called , as their power source.", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ The ultimate form of Geki is the , which can manifest if the user mastered different aspects of the triangle and selflessly has the intent to protect others at mind.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ This is a list of playable characters from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series and the games in which they appear.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe composed of six realms, which were created by the Elder Gods.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Elder Gods created a fighting tournament called Mortal Kombat to reduce the wars between the realms.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The first \"Mortal Kombat\" game introduces a tournament in which Earthrealm can be destroyed if it loses once again.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Earthrealm warriors manage to defeat the champion Goro and tournament host Shang Tsung, but this leads Tsung to search for other ways to destroy Earthrealm.", "2012 Yecheng attack __knowledge__ The 2012 Yecheng attack occurred on February 28, 2012 in Yecheng, Xinjiang, a remote town on China's border with Pakistan.", "2012 Yecheng attack __knowledge__ Details of the attack are disputed: according to Chinese government reports and court documents, at around 6 p.m. that day, a group of eight Uyghur men led by religious extremist Abudukeremu Mamuti attacked pedestrians with axes and knives on Happiness Road.", "2012 Yecheng attack __knowledge__ Local police fought with the attackers, ultimately killing all and capturing Mamuti.", "2012 Yecheng attack __knowledge__ State media reported one police officer dead and four police injured, while 15 pedestrians died from Mamuti's assault and 14 more civilians were injured.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ A comprehensive list of characters from the \"Soul\" series of fighting games produced by Namco.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ The \"Soul\" series is a weapon-based fighting game franchise developed by Namco Bandai's Project Soul division and consists of eight games: \"Soul Edge\", \"Soulcalibur\", \"Soulcalibur II\", \"Soulcalibur III\", \"Soulcalibur Legends\", \"Soulcalibur IV\", \"\" and \"Soulcalibur V\".", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Set in the 16th century, the plot of the games revolve around Soul Edge, a cursed sword able to possess its wielder and devour souls.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Its spirit is called Inferno, and his avatar/host is called Nightmare.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Soul Calibur, a holy sword and Soul Edge's antithesis, also has a spirit called Elysium." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth.", "Friends of the Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ Friends of the Israel Defense Forces (FIDF) (in ) is an organization established in 1981 dedicated to the men and women serving in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), wounded veterans, and the families of fallen soldiers.", "Friends of the Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, Friends of the Israel Defense Forces is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that operates fifteen regional offices in the United States and Panama.", "Friends of the Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ Friends of the Israel Defense Forces initiates and supports educational, social, cultural and recreational programs and facilities in an effort to ease the burden that the Israel Defense Forces' soldiers and their families carry on behalf of the Jewish community worldwide.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; , \"lit.\"", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ \"The Army of Defense for Israel\"; ), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym \"Tzahal\" (), are the military forces of the State of Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ They consist of the ground forces, air force, and navy.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The IDF is headed by its Chief of General Staff, the \"Ramatkal\", subordinate to the Defense Minister of Israel; Lieutenant general (\"Rav Aluf\") Gadi Eizenkot has served as Chief of Staff since 2015.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ An order from Defense Minister David Ben-Gurion on 26 May 1948 officially set up the Israel Defense Forces as a conscript army formed out of the paramilitary group Haganah, incorporating the militant groups Irgun and Lehi.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The first documented use of the term \"mixed martial arts\" was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.", "Mixed martial arts __knowledge__ During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan, Taiwan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers.", "2006 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The 2006 Lebanon War, also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War (, \"Ḥarb Tammūz\") and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War (, \"Milhemet Levanon HaShniya\"), was a 34-day military conflict in Lebanon, Northern Israel and the Golan Heights.", "2006 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).", "2006 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The conflict started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead (), also known as the Gaza Massacre () and the Battle of al-Furqan () by Hamas, was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israel's stated goal was to stop indiscriminate Palestinian rocket fire into Israel and weapons smuggling into the Gaza strip.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israeli forces attacked police stations, military targets including weapons caches and suspected rocket firing teams, as well as political and administrative institutions in the opening assault, striking in the densely populated cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Rafah.", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict refers to the impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict on minors in Israel and the Palestinian territories.", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Laurel Holliday, in her 1999 book \"Children of Israel/Palestine\", writes that two \"ethnically distinct peoples – both Palestinians and Israeli Jews – lay claim to the very same sand, stone, rivers, vegetation, seacoast, and mountains\" and that the stories she presents show that \"Israeli and Palestinian children grow up feeling that they are destined for conflict with their neighbors\".", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Both the Israeli Defense Forces and militant Palestinian groups have been accused of violating the rights of children and causing injury and death." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 2007-2008 Super Sentai Series \"Juken Sentai Gekiranger\".", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ Each faction is a different school of the fictional martial arts known as .", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ is a fictional school of martial arts practiced by the protagonists of the Japanese Super Sentai show \"Juken Sentai Gekiranger\".", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ Those that practice Geki Jūken use a form of Qi within their bodies that manifests their passion for justice, called , as their power source.", "List of Juken Sentai Gekiranger characters __knowledge__ The ultimate form of Geki is the , which can manifest if the user mastered different aspects of the triangle and selflessly has the intent to protect others at mind.", "List of Tekken characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the fighting game series \"Tekken\".", "List of Tekken characters __knowledge__ Characters are chronologically listed in order of the games in which they debuted.", "List of Tekken characters __knowledge__ Players can choose from a diverse cast that hails from a variety of ethnic backgrounds and fighting styles.", "List of Tekken characters __knowledge__ A few characters have supernatural origin, such as Devil and Ogre, while animal characters like Kuma the bear provide comic relief.", "List of Tekken characters __knowledge__ In the story mode of the game, each character generally has their own personal reasons for entering the tournament and competing for the prize.", "List of Tekken characters __knowledge__ Only three characters have appeared as playable characters in all seven main \"Tekken\" installments to date: Nina Williams, Paul Phoenix, and Yoshimitsu.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ A comprehensive list of characters from the \"Soul\" series of fighting games produced by Namco.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ The \"Soul\" series is a weapon-based fighting game franchise developed by Namco Bandai's Project Soul division and consists of eight games: \"Soul Edge\", \"Soulcalibur\", \"Soulcalibur II\", \"Soulcalibur III\", \"Soulcalibur Legends\", \"Soulcalibur IV\", \"\" and \"Soulcalibur V\".", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Set in the 16th century, the plot of the games revolve around Soul Edge, a cursed sword able to possess its wielder and devour souls.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Its spirit is called Inferno, and his avatar/host is called Nightmare.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Soul Calibur, a holy sword and Soul Edge's antithesis, also has a spirit called Elysium.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The main setting of the series is the fictional , the school where the main characters attend along with many unique characters.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The is a club that Gentaro Kisaragi forms to gain new friends at Amanogawa High School, named after Fourze's predecessors: the various Kamen Riders.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The club's members assist Kamen Rider Fourze in his battles against the Zodiarts.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ In addition, they investigate the urban legends that surround the existence of the past Kamen Riders.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The Kamen Rider Club's headquarters are the remains of the lunar base owned by the which developed the Kamen Rider Fourze technology and the Zodiarts Switches.", "List of Street Fighter characters __knowledge__ This list of characters from the \"Street Fighter\" fighting game series covers the original \"Street Fighter\" game, the \"Street Fighter II\" series, the \"Street Fighter Alpha\" series, the \"Street Fighter III\" series, the \"Street Fighter IV\" series, \"Street Fighter V\", and other related games.", "List of Street Fighter characters __knowledge__ The table below summarizes every single combatant in the series.", "List of Street Fighter characters __knowledge__ A green cell indicates the character as playable, with the number indicating the revision of the game they are introduced in (numbers in SFV indicate the downloadable content season), a red cell indicates that the character is not playable while a yellow cell indicates that the character can be fought but cannot be played as.", "List of The King of Fighters characters __knowledge__ \"The King of Fighters\" fighting game series, produced by SNK Playmore, includes a wide cast of characters, some of which are taken from other SNK games.", "List of The King of Fighters characters __knowledge__ The story takes place in a fictional universe in which an annual series of 3-on-3 or 4-on-4 fighting tournaments are held.", "List of The King of Fighters characters __knowledge__ The first game in the series introduces the initial main character of the series, Kyo Kusanagi, a young Japanese fighter who is the heir to a powerful group of martial artists having pyrokinetic abilities.", "List of The King of Fighters characters __knowledge__ Kyo fights against the Kusanagi clan's enemies, his rival Iori Yagami, and the god Orochi and its human followers, among others.", "Camsdorf Bridge __knowledge__ The Camsdorf Bridge (German: \"Camsdorfer Brücke\") is a bridge over the Saale river in Jena, Germany.", "Camsdorf Bridge __knowledge__ It connects the Jena city center of Jena with the suburb of Weningenjena and is considered to be the oldest stone arch bridge in Jena.", "Camsdorf Bridge __knowledge__ A wooden bridge spanned the Saale until the construction of the first stone bridge in the 15th century.", "Camsdorf Bridge __knowledge__ In 1416, the bridge included a hermitage in which a man could request alms for the bridge.", "Camsdorf Bridge __knowledge__ The stone arch bridge was built around 1480 and consisted of nine arches.", "Camsdorf Bridge __knowledge__ It was an important crossing over the Saale, which at that time often flooded its banks, and served to connect Jena to the settlements east of the city.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ Unforgiven (2008) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on September 7, 2008, at the Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ It was the eleventh and final annual Unforgiven event, starring wrestlers from the Raw, SmackDown, and ECW brands.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ Seven professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event's card, which featured a supercard, a scheduling of more than one main event.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ The three brands, Raw, SmackDown, and ECW, were all represented by their respective Championship Scramble match – a 20 minute time limit bout, during which participants can become the temporary champion via pinfall or submission.", "Vengeance (2003) __knowledge__ Vengeance (2003) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and presented by Eidos Interactive's \"\", which took place on July 27, 2003 at the Pepsi Center in Denver, Colorado.", "Vengeance (2003) __knowledge__ It was the third annual Vengeance event and starred wrestlers from the SmackDown!", "Vengeance (2003) __knowledge__ brand.", "Vengeance (2003) __knowledge__ Eight professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event's card.", "Vengeance (2003) __knowledge__ The main event was a Triple Threat match for the WWE Championship, in which Kurt Angle defeated WWE Champion Brock Lesnar and The Big Show to win the championship.", "Vengeance (2003) __knowledge__ Two featured bouts were scheduled on the undercard.", "Pokémon Go __knowledge__ Pokémon Go is a free-to-play, location-based augmented reality game developed by Niantic for iOS and Android devices.", "Pokémon Go __knowledge__ The game was the result of a collaboration between Niantic and Nintendo, by way of The Pokémon Company, and was initially released in select countries in July 2016.", "Pokémon Go __knowledge__ The game utilizes the player's mobile device's GPS ability to locate, capture, battle, and train virtual creatures, called Pokémon, which appear on the screen as if they were at the same real-world location as the player.", "Pokémon Go __knowledge__ The game features a freemium business model and supports in-app purchases for additional in-game items.", "Basic fighter maneuvers __knowledge__ Basic fighter maneuvers (BFM) are tactical movements performed by fighter aircraft during air combat maneuvering (also called ACM, or dogfighting), in order to gain a positional advantage over the opponent.", "Basic fighter maneuvers __knowledge__ BFM combines the fundamentals of aerodynamic flight and the geometry of pursuit with the physics of managing the aircraft's energy-to-weight ratio, called its specific energy.", "Basic fighter maneuvers __knowledge__ Maneuvers are used to gain a better angular position in relation to the opponent.", "Basic fighter maneuvers __knowledge__ They can be offensive, to help an attacker get behind an enemy, or defensive, to help the defender evade an attacker's air-to-air weapons.", "Grüne Tanne __knowledge__ The Grüne Tanne (German: \"Green Fir\") is a historical Gasthaus by the Camsdorf Bridge in Jena, Thuringia, Germany.", "Grüne Tanne __knowledge__ The age of the building cannot be definitively determined owing to many renovations over the years, though the vaults of the cellar suggest an initial construction in the Gothic period (12th to 14th century).", "Grüne Tanne __knowledge__ The inn has borne the name \"Grüne Tanne\" since 1751, at which time it belonged to the village of Camsdorf east of Jena.", "Grüne Tanne __knowledge__ The Gasthaus has always been a popular destination for excursions by students of the University of Jena, since it was outside the city limits until 1909 and therefore free from the jurisdiction of the university.", "Aggression __knowledge__ Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual.", "Aggression __knowledge__ It may occur either in retaliation or without provocation.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In humans, frustration due to blocked goals can cause aggression.", "Aggression __knowledge__ Human aggression can be classified into direct and indirect aggression, whilst the first is characterized by physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm to someone, the second one is characterized by a behavior intended to harm social relations of an individual or a group.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In definitions commonly used in the social sciences and behavioral sciences, aggression is a response by an individual that delivers something unpleasant to another person." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth.", "Battle of Mogadishu (2009) __knowledge__ The Battle of Mogadishu (2009) started in May with an Islamist offensive, when rebels from al-Shabaab and Hizbul Islam attacked and captured government bases in the capital of Mogadishu.", "Battle of Mogadishu (2009) __knowledge__ The fighting soon spread, causing hundreds of casualties, and continued on at various levels of intensity until October.", "Battle of Mogadishu (2009) __knowledge__ The battle's name usually includes the year, when referenced, in order to distinguish it amongst the nine major Battles of Mogadishu during the decades long Somali Civil War.", "Battle of Mogadishu (2009) __knowledge__ The Islamist offensive lasted from 8 May to 14 May and ended with relative success as they managed to take control over most of the capital, while ARS-D and government (TFG) forces withdrew into AMISOM protected territories.", "Starlite Festival __knowledge__ Starlite Festival is an international music festival that take place in a natural outdoor space inside the quarry of Nagüeles, located in the Spanish city of Marbella.", "Starlite Festival __knowledge__ Starlite has become the cultural festival of reference in Europe with a daily programme that includes music, fashion, art, film and gastronomy opening its doors every day for a month with shows at the only club in the world inside a quarry.", "Starlite Festival __knowledge__ Its auditorium only counts with 2.200 seats to offer intimate and close concerts where the audience lives a unique experience with the stars.", "Starlite Festival __knowledge__ In addition, Starlite dedicates one night to philanthropy celebrating Starlite Gala hosted by Antonio Banderas, which has become the largest charity event in Spain.", "53rd Battalion (Australia) __knowledge__ The 53rd Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army.", "53rd Battalion (Australia) __knowledge__ Raised in 1916 for service during World War I the battalion served on the Western Front until the end of the war, before being briefly amalgamated with the 55th Battalion and then eventually disbanded in 1919.", "53rd Battalion (Australia) __knowledge__ In 1921, the 53rd Battalion was re-raised and in 1927 adopted the title of the \"West Sydney Regiment\"; however, in 1937 they were once again amalgamated with the 55th, forming the 55th/53rd Battalion (New South Wales Rifle/West Sydney Regiment).", "53rd Battalion (Australia) __knowledge__ In October 1941, during World War II, the two battalions were delinked and the 53rd was later deployed to New Guinea, where they took part in the Kokoda Track campaign.", "Indian martial arts __knowledge__ Indian martial arts refers to the fighting systems of the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian martial arts __knowledge__ A variety of terms are used for the English phrases “Indian martial arts”, usually deriving from Sanskrit or Dravidian sources.", "Indian martial arts __knowledge__ While they may seem to imply specific disciplines (e.g.", "Indian martial arts __knowledge__ archery, armed combat), by Classical times they were used generically for all fighting systems.", "Indian martial arts __knowledge__ Among the most common terms today, \"śastra-vidyā\", is a compound of the words ' (weapon) and ' (knowledge).", "Indian martial arts __knowledge__ \"Dhanurveda\" derives from the words for bow (') and knowledge ('), the “science of archery” in Puranic literature, later applied to martial arts in general.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador ( , ) (), officially the Republic of Ecuador (, which literally translates as \"Republic of the Equator\"; ), is a representative democratic republic in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.", "Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about west of the mainland.", "Ecuador __knowledge__ The capital city is Quito, while the largest city is Guayaquil.", "Ecuador __knowledge__ What is now Ecuador was home to a variety of Amerindian groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century.", "Ecuador __knowledge__ The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830." ] ]

[ 3, 2, 7, 5, 0 ]

[ "I have never trained in any fighting styles although I understand Krav maga is known for focusing on real-world situations.", "It was developed for the Israel Defense Forces and it's a combination of boxing, wrestling judo and other styles.", "I am not sure about what the gyms charge but I know it has a philosophy which emphasizes aggression and offensive maneuvers.", "This style of fighting came into existence in the late 1940s.", "I believe that an individual would need to be in good physical condition to train for this style of fighting." ]

[ "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga" ]

[ "Community theatre", "No I don't. Can you tell me about it.", "Do they put on performances or do they watch movies?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "William Tell __knowledge__ William Tell (in the four languages of Switzerland: ; ; ; ) is a folk hero of Switzerland.", "William Tell __knowledge__ His legend is recorded in a late 15th-century Swiss illustrated chronicle.", "William Tell __knowledge__ It is set in the time of the original foundation of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the early 14th century.", "William Tell __knowledge__ According to the legend, Tell—an expert marksman with the crossbow—assassinated Gessler, a tyrannical reeve of Habsburg Austria positioned in Altdorf, Uri.", "William Tell __knowledge__ Along with Arnold von Winkelried, Tell is a central figure in Swiss patriotism as it was constructed during the Restoration of the Confederacy after the Napoleonic era.", "William Tell __knowledge__ Several accounts of the Tell legend exist.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ Tell Brak (Nagar, Nawar) was an ancient city in Syrial; its remains constitute a tell located in the Upper Khabur region, near the modern village of Tell Brak, 50 kilometers north-east of Al-Hasaka city, Al-Hasakah Governorate.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ The city's original name is unknown.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ During the second half of the third millennium BC, the city was known as Nagar and later on, Nawar.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ Starting as a small settlement in the seventh millennium BC, Tell Brak evolved during the fourth millennium BC into one of the biggest cities in Upper Mesopotamia, and interacted with the cultures of southern Mesopotamia.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ The city shrank in size at the beginning of the third millennium BC with the end of Uruk period, before expanding again around c. 2600 BC, when it became known as Nagar, and was the capital of a regional kingdom that controlled the Khabur river valley.", "Tell Abyad offensive __knowledge__ The Tell Abyad offensive or Martyr Rubar Qamışlo operation was a military operation that began in late May 2015 in the northern Raqqa Governorate, during the Syrian Civil War, conducted by Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) and the Free Syrian Army (FSA) against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.", "Tell Abyad offensive __knowledge__ The offensive took place from the end of May until July 2015.", "Tell Abyad offensive __knowledge__ The campaign was largely the second phase of the Kurdish \"Operation Commander Rûbar Qamishlo\", which began with a major offensive to retake the western Al-Hasakah Governorate, and involved the merger of the Kobanî offensive with the former.", "Abdullah el-Tell __knowledge__ Abdullah Yousef el-Tell (, 17 July 1918–1973) served in the Transjordanian Arab Legion during the 1948 war in Palestine rising from the rank of company commander to become Military Governor of the Old City of Jerusalem.", "Abdullah el-Tell __knowledge__ He was later accused of being involved in the assassination of King Abdullah I and spent many years in Egypt before returning to Jordan in 1967.", "Abdullah el-Tell __knowledge__ El-Tell was born into a wealthy family in Irbid just as the Ottoman army were retreating from the town.", "Abdullah el-Tell __knowledge__ His mother held him up to the window to witness the soldiers leaving.", "Abdullah el-Tell __knowledge__ His secondary education was in Egypt.", "Abdullah el-Tell __knowledge__ When he was 18 years old, he was jailed for demonstrating against the British.", "Dirat al-Tulul __knowledge__ Dirat al-Tulul (Arabic: ديرة التلول, Translit: Dirat at Tulūl), Arabic for \"Land of Hills\", and called locally in Levantine Arabic Diret el Tlūl, is a lava region in southern Syria.", "Dirat al-Tulul __knowledge__ It lies about 65 kilometers east of Damascus, located in the central part of the Rif Dimashq administrative district (governorate or \"muhafazat\").", "Dirat al-Tulul __knowledge__ Dirat al-Tulul forms the northernmost extension of the massive alkaline lava field of Harrat al-Shamah.", "Dirat al-Tulul __knowledge__ To the south it is bordered by the al-Safa lava field, another part of the massive Harrat al-Shamah lava region.", "Dirat al-Tulul __knowledge__ Dirat al-Tulul also forms the western part of the Syrian steppe known as Badiyat al-Sham.", "William Tell (opera) __knowledge__ Guillaume Tell (, ) is a French-language opera in four acts by Italian composer Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Étienne de Jouy and Hippolyte Bis.", "William Tell (opera) __knowledge__ Based on Friedrich Schiller's play \"William Tell,\" which drew on the William Tell legend, the opera was Rossini's last, although he lived for nearly forty more years.", "William Tell (opera) __knowledge__ Fabio Luisi said that Rossini planned for \"William Tell\" to be his last opera even as he composed it.", "William Tell (opera) __knowledge__ The overture, in four sections and featuring a depiction of a storm as well as a vivacious finale, the \"March of the Swiss Soldiers,\" is often played.", "William Tell (opera) __knowledge__ Charles Malherbe, archivist at the Paris Opéra, discovered the original orchestral score of the opera at a secondhand book seller's shop, resulting in its being acquired by the Paris Conservatoire.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Don't Tell Me\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her eighth studio album \"Music\" (2000).", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï and Joe Henry, while being produced by the former two.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Don't Tell Me\" is a country and dance song, with elements of trip hop and folk within its composition, and its lyrical content features \"don't-tell-me-what-to-do\" lyrics, where Madonna asks her lover to not tell her who she should love, or how she should love.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released as the second single from the album on November 21, 2000 by Maverick Records.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song was also included on the compilation albums \"GHV2\" (2001) and \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ All I Really Want to Do is the debut solo studio album by American singer-actress Cher and was released on October 16, 1965, by Imperial Records.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced for Cher by her then husband and singing partner, Sonny Bono, with contributions from arranger Harold Battiste.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album is by-and-large a collection of cover versions but does contain three songs written by Bono.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ Upon its release, the album was well received by critics and garnered positive reviews.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ At the same time that the duo Sonny & Cher were debuting on Atco Records, Sonny Bono arranged a solo deal for Cher on the Imperial label.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre, also known as amateur dramatics, is theatre performed by amateur actors and singers.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre groups may stage plays, revues, musicals, light opera, pantomime or variety shows, and do so for the social activity as well as the artistic side.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Productions may take place in venues ranging from the open air, community centres or schools to independent or major professional theatres and can be simple light entertainment or demanding drama.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre is distinct from the professional or community theatre simply in that participants are not paid, although this is not always the case, even though the productions staged may be commercial ventures, either to fund further productions, to benefit the community, or for charity.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre (BCT) in Bakersfield, California is the oldest continuing community theatre in California; and the second oldest amateur community theatre in the Western United States: the Tacoma Little Theatre, est.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ 1918 in Tacoma, Washington, is the oldest.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Officially established in 1927, BCT has been putting on a full season of plays and musicals starting when Albert Johnson directed the beginning of a continuous string of productions.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre has been remodeled a few times, and is currently capable of holding an audience of 181.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre was founded in May 1927.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" is a song written by Bob Dylan and featured on his Tom Wilson-produced 1964 album, \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\" (\"see\" 1964 in music).", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ It is arguably one of the most popular songs that Dylan wrote in the period immediately after he abandoned topical songwriting.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ Within a year of its release on \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\", it had also become one of Dylan's most familiar songs to pop and rock audiences, due to hit cover versions by Cher and the Byrds.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" was first released on Dylan's 1964 album \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\".", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ The song was also included on the Dylan compilations \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ \"My Sweet Lord\" is a song by English musician George Harrison.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ It was released in November 1970 on his triple album \"All Things Must Pass\".", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Also issued as a single, Harrison's first as a solo artist, \"My Sweet Lord\" topped charts worldwide and was the biggest-selling single of 1971 in the UK.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ In America and Britain, the song was the first number-one single by an ex-Beatle.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison originally gave the song to his fellow Apple Records artist Billy Preston to record; this version, which Harrison co-produced, appeared on Preston's \"Encouraging Words\" album in September 1970.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison wrote \"My Sweet Lord\" in praise of the Hindu god Krishna, while at the same time intending the lyrics to serve as a call to abandon religious sectarianism through his deliberate blending of the Hebrew word \"hallelujah\" with chants of \"Hare Krishna\" and Vedic prayer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "Honjok __knowledge__ Honjok () is a South Korean term for people who willingly do activities alone.", "Honjok __knowledge__ The term was popularized in 2017, when South Korea saw an increase in people eating, drinking, and traveling alone, among other activities.", "Honjok __knowledge__ The honjok lifestyle is considered a \"significant shift\" from South Korea's traditionally group-oriented society.", "Honjok __knowledge__ Honjok is a new term that is gradually being used since 2010 when the number of one-person households began to increase.", "Honjok __knowledge__ It refers to a person who has hobbies such as eating alone, enjoying leisure activities and shopping, leaving the trip alone, etc.", "Honjok __knowledge__ It is a different concept from the 'cocoon gruop' living alone.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "Bag-of-words model __knowledge__ The bag-of-words model is a simplifying representation used in natural language processing and information retrieval (IR).", "Bag-of-words model __knowledge__ Also known as vector space model.", "Bag-of-words model __knowledge__ In this model, a text (such as a sentence or a document) is represented as the bag (multiset) of its words, disregarding grammar and even word order but keeping multiplicity.", "Bag-of-words model __knowledge__ The bag-of-words model has also been used for computer vision.", "Bag-of-words model __knowledge__ The bag-of-words model is commonly used in methods of document classification where the (frequency of) occurrence of each is used as a feature for training a classifier .", "Bag-of-words model __knowledge__ An early reference to \"bag of words\" in a linguistic context can be found in Zellig Harris's 1954 article on \"Distributional Structure\".", "Apple TV __knowledge__ Apple TV is a digital media player and microconsole developed and sold by Apple Inc.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ It is a small network appliance and entertainment device that can receive digital data from a number of sources and stream it to a capable television.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ Apple TV is an HDMI-compliant source device.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ To use it for viewing, it has to be connected to an enhanced-definition or high-definition widescreen television via an HDMI cable.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ The device has no integrated controls and can only be controlled externally, either by an Apple Remote control device (with which it is shipped) using its infrared/bluetooth capability, by the Apple TV Remote app (downloadable from App Store) on iOS devices, such as the iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, and Apple Watch, using its Wi-Fi capability, or by some third-party infrared remotes.", "Plex (software) __knowledge__ Plex is a client-server media player system and software suite comprising two main components.", "Plex (software) __knowledge__ Additional functionality can be added through an app store and Plex Inc sells a premium service Plex Pass with features like synchronization with mobile devices, cloud storage integration, metadata and matchings for music, support for multiple users, parental controls, Live TV and DVR, trailers and extras and cross-selling offers.", "Plex (software) __knowledge__ Plex began as a freeware hobby project in December 2007 when developer Elan Feingold wanted a media centre application for his Apple Mac, but none of the existing players met his needs.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Continental Airlines was a major United States airline founded in 1934 and eventually headquartered in Houston, Texas.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ It had ownership interests and brand partnerships with several carriers, including Pakistan International Airlines.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Continental started out as one of the smaller carriers in the United States, known for its limited operations under the regulated era.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ Post 1978, Continental grew into one of the country's largest carriers despite facing financial troubles and other issues, eventually becoming one of the more successful airlines in the United States.", "Continental Airlines __knowledge__ In May 2010, the airline announced that it would merge with UAL Corporation (the parent company of United Airlines) via a stock swap.", "Sridevi __knowledge__ Sridevi Kapoor (born Shree Amma Yanger Ayyapan; 13 August 1963) is an Indian film actress and film producer who has worked in Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada films.", "Sridevi __knowledge__ She is regarded as the First Female Superstar of Bollywood.", "Sridevi __knowledge__ and one of the most popular actresses of Indian cinema.", "Sridevi __knowledge__ Sridevi started her career as a child artist in M.A.", "Sridevi __knowledge__ Thirumugham’s devotional \"Thunaivan\" at the age of four, and continued to act as a child artist in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada films.", "Sridevi __knowledge__ She made her Bollywood debut as a child artist in the hit \"Julie\" (1975) and played her first adult role at age 13 with the Tamil film \"Moondru Mudichu\" (1976).", "Community arts __knowledge__ Community arts, also sometimes known as \"dialogical art\", \"community-engaged\" or \"community-based art,\" refers to artistic activity based in a community setting.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Works from this genre can be of any media and is characterized by interaction or dialogue with the community.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Often professional artists collaborate with people who may not otherwise normally actively engage in the arts.", "Community arts __knowledge__ The term was defined in the late-1960s and spawned a movement which grew in the United States, Canada, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Australia.", "Community arts __knowledge__ In Scandinavia, the term \"community art\" means more often contemporary art project.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Spokane Civic Theatre is a nationally recognized non-profit theatre located in Spokane, Washington.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Incorporated in 1947, the theatre is one of the oldest community theatres in the country.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ In recent years, the theatre has been brought to a level of excellence that has resulted in many awards.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre's mission is \"to foster and operate a volunteer live community theatre of high artistic merit.\"", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Civic, as it is fondly called by the surrounding community, sets a high standard for theatre in the Spokane area.", "Spokane Civic Theatre __knowledge__ Spokane Civic Theatre is one of few community theatres that owns its own building and land.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "Theatre Memphis __knowledge__ Theatre Memphis is a non-profit community theatre located in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Theatre Memphis __knowledge__ As one of the oldest and most successful community theatres in the country, Theatre Memphis has offered an opportunity for people with every degree of talent to become part of the creative process.", "Theatre Memphis __knowledge__ The building houses two separate stages - the Lohrey MainStage, which seats 400, and the smaller black-box theatre, the Next Stage, which seats 100.", "Theatre Memphis __knowledge__ Theatre Memphis was founded in 1920 and presented three one-act plays as its first performance on May 20, 1921.", "Theatre Memphis __knowledge__ In 1925, the theatre opened its doors to its first permanent home, housed in a former stable.", "Jacksonville, Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville () is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Florida and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States.", "Jacksonville, Florida __knowledge__ It is the seat of Duval County, with which the city government consolidated in 1968.", "Jacksonville, Florida __knowledge__ Consolidation gave Jacksonville its great size and placed most of its metropolitan population within the city limits.", "Jacksonville, Florida __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 907,529 as of 2017, Jacksonville is also the most populous city in the southeastern United States.", "Jacksonville, Florida __knowledge__ The Jacksonville metropolitan area has a population of 1,626,611 and is the fourth largest in Florida.", "Jacksonville, Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is centered on the banks of the St. Johns River in the First Coast region of northeast Florida, about south of the Georgia state line and north of Miami.", "Mary Poppins (musical) __knowledge__ Mary Poppins is a musical with music and lyrics by the Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman (aka the Sherman Brothers, with additional music and lyrics by George Stiles and Anthony Drewe, and a script by Julian Fellowes.", "Mary Poppins (musical) __knowledge__ The musical is based on the similarly titled Mary Poppins children's books by P. L. Travers and the 1964 Disney film, and is a fusion of various elements from the two.", "Mary Poppins (musical) __knowledge__ Produced by Cameron Mackintosh and Walt Disney Theatrical and directed by Richard Eyre with co-direction from Matthew Bourne who also acted as co-choreographer with Stephen Mear, the original West End production opened in December 2004 and won two Olivier Awards, one for Best Actress in a Musical and the other for Best Theatre Choreography." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Know anything about community theatre? I really want to join one,", "Community theatres refer to a theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help.", "They are basically plays. They can range in size from small groups to individuals." ]

[ "Community theatre", "Community theatre", "Community theatre" ]

[ "Skateboarding", "That would be cool. Something different.", "No, I don't know much about it. The only one I'm familiar with is Tony Hawk. My son is a skater.", "Probably. Skating takes an amazing amount of skill. I've tried a few times and don't do very well." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Thor: Ragnarok __knowledge__ Thor: Ragnarok is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.", "Thor: Ragnarok __knowledge__ It is the sequel to 2011's \"Thor\" and 2013's \",\" and is the seventeenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).", "Thor: Ragnarok __knowledge__ The film is directed by Taika Waititi from a screenplay by Eric Pearson and the writing team of Craig Kyle and Christopher Yost, and stars Chris Hemsworth as Thor alongside Tom Hiddleston, Cate Blanchett, Idris Elba, Jeff Goldblum, Tessa Thompson, Karl Urban, Mark Ruffalo, and Anthony Hopkins.", "Thor: Ragnarok __knowledge__ In \"Thor: Ragnarok\", Thor must escape the alien planet Sakaar in time to save Asgard from Hela and the impending Ragnarök.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "Something Different (Sidewalk Prophets album) __knowledge__ Something Different is the third studio album by Sidewalk Prophets.", "Something Different (Sidewalk Prophets album) __knowledge__ Fervent Records alongside Word Records released the album on August 28, 2015.", "Something Different (Sidewalk Prophets album) __knowledge__ Sidewalk Prophets worked with Seth Mosley, in the production of this album.", "Something Different (Sidewalk Prophets album) __knowledge__ Awarding the album four stars at \"CCM Magazine\", Jamie Walker states, \"\"Something Different\", successfully marks the bands foray into their new era of sound.\"", "Something Different (Sidewalk Prophets album) __knowledge__ Caitlin Lassiter, giving the album four and a half stars for New Release Today, writes, \"\"Something Different\" is by far their best work yet and definitely raises the bar for other artists.\"", "Something Different (Sidewalk Prophets album) __knowledge__ Rating the album three stars from Jesus Freak Hideout, Christopher Smith says, \"These few stronger cuts aren't enough to carry the album, so in the end, \"Something Different\" is a collection of mostly standard but likable CCM tunes.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is an American director of animated and live-action films.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ In the 1970s, he established an alternative to mainstream animation through independent and adult-oriented productions.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ Between 1972 and 2015, he directed ten theatrically released feature films, six of which he wrote.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ He has been involved in numerous television projects as director, writer, producer and animator.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ Beginning his career at the Terrytoons television cartoon studio as a cel polisher, Bakshi was eventually promoted to animator, and then director.", "Ralph Bakshi __knowledge__ He moved to the animation division of Paramount Pictures in 1967 and started his own studio, Bakshi Productions, in 1968.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "1000hp (album) __knowledge__ 1000hp, stylized as 1000HP, is the sixth studio album by the American rock/metal band Godsmack.", "1000hp (album) __knowledge__ The album is a follow up to the band's 2010 gold-selling album \"The Oracle\" and was released on August 5, 2014.", "1000hp (album) __knowledge__ On November 6, 2013, it was reported that Godsmack had begun writing for the new album, yet to be titled \"1000hp\".", "1000hp (album) __knowledge__ On February 5, 2014 frontman Sully Erna tweeted that the band has made massive headway in the songwriting process for album.", "1000hp (album) __knowledge__ On April 20, Erna revealed on his personal Facebook page that the band has completed working on album, stating: Two days later, the band made an official announcement on its official website that they have finished the album recording and that they have recorded 15 songs, 10 of which have made it on the album.", "Do Something Different __knowledge__ Do Something Different was a show produced and broadcast by CBBC.", "Do Something Different __knowledge__ It was hosted by music duo Sam and Mark.", "Do Something Different __knowledge__ Sam and Mark are aiming to get one million children to try out new things; literally to \"do something different\", also referred in the programme as 'DSD-ing'.", "Do Something Different __knowledge__ A child who completes a DSD is referred to as a 'DSDer'.", "Do Something Different __knowledge__ It is unknown whether another series will run.", "Do Something Different __knowledge__ The idea of the show is to get one million children to do something that they haven't previously tried, by the end of summer 2007.", "Do Something Different __knowledge__ It doesn't matter what activity the viewer chooses to do, as long as it is something 'different' from their normal pastimes and activities.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Meridian, Mississippi __knowledge__ Meridian is the sixth largest city in the state of Mississippi, United States.", "Meridian, Mississippi __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Lauderdale County and the principal city of the Meridian, Mississippi Micropolitan Statistical Area.", "Meridian, Mississippi __knowledge__ Along major highways, the city is east of Jackson, Mississippi; southwest of Birmingham, Alabama; northeast of New Orleans, Louisiana; and southeast of Memphis, Tennessee.", "Meridian, Mississippi __knowledge__ Established in 1860, at the junction of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad and Southern Railway of Mississippi, Meridian built an economy based on the railways and goods transported on them, and it became a strategic trading center.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 \"Skater of the Year\".", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag \"#LewisMarnellForever\"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan.", "Chad Muska __knowledge__ Chad Muska (born May 20, 1977) is an American professional skateboarder and entrepreneur.", "Chad Muska __knowledge__ In November 2012, Skin Phillips (Editor-in-chief of \"Transworld SKATEboarding\" magazine) described Muska as \"one of the most marketable pros skateboarding has ever seen\".", "Chad Muska __knowledge__ Muska first became interested in skateboarding as a young person following a relocation to Phoenix, Arizona, where his father was residing at the time.", "Chad Muska __knowledge__ Muska explained in a 2012 interview: I was riding my BMX bike a lot and then there were some neighborhood kids that would, kinda, skate and I would check them out; and I used to come home from school every day and just stare at 'em, you know?", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Paul Martin Rodriguez Jr. (born December 31, 1984), also known by his nickname P-Rod, is an American professional street skateboarder and actor.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez has won a total of eight medals at the X Games, four of them gold, with the most recent first-place victory occurring in Los Angeles, United States (U.S.) in July 2012.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez was born in Tarzana, California, U.S. His father is actor/comedian Paul Rodriguez, and his mother is Laura Martinez.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He also has a sister Nikole, and a brother Lucas.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ As a child, Rodriguez occasionally got to meet celebrities through his father.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ In a later interview, he recounted one such memory: I'll tell you a good story about Mr. T. I believe it was 1988, every year there was a Christmas Day parade in Pasadena [California, US]; I was probably about three-and-a-half, four years-old—I loved Mr. T. He had the cartoon out at the time and all that." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ Tony Hawk's is a skateboarding video game series published by Activision and endorsed by professional skateboarder Tony Hawk from 1999 to 2015.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ The series was primarily developed for home consoles by Neversoft from launch to 2007, until Activision transferred the franchise to Robomodo in 2008.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ At the time the licensing deal between Activision and Hawk expired in 2015, the series has spawned a total of 19 games.", "Tony Hawk's (series) __knowledge__ Starting out with the initial \"Tony Hawk's Pro Skater\" in 1999, the series proved to be one of the most popular and best-selling video game franchises of the early 2000s.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Anthony Frank Hawk (born May 12, 1968), commonly known by his nickname The Birdman, is an American professional skateboarder, actor and owner of skateboard company Birdhouse.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Hawk is well known for completing the first documented 900 and for his licensed video game titles, published by Activision.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ He is widely considered to be one of the most successful and influential pioneers of modern vertical skateboarding.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ In 2002, he created the \"Boom Boom HuckJam\", an extreme sports exhibition and tour that was launched in Las Vegas.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Throughout his career, Hawk has made numerous appearances in films, other media, and his own series of video games.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD __knowledge__ Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD is a skateboarding video game in the \"Tony Hawk's\" series of skateboarding games.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD __knowledge__ The game, developed by Robomodo and published by Activision, is a high-definition remake featuring classic levels from \"Tony Hawk's Pro Skater\", \"Pro Skater 2\", and, via download, \"Pro Skater 3\".", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD __knowledge__ It was released for Xbox 360 through Xbox Live Arcade on July 18, 2012, for PlayStation 3 through PlayStation Network on August 28, 2012 and Steam on September 18, 2012.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD __knowledge__ On July 11, 2017 it was announced that the game would be delisted from Steam and all other digital marketplaces on July 17, 2017.", "Tony Hawk's Underground 2 __knowledge__ Tony Hawk's Underground 2 is the sixth installment in Neversoft's \"Tony Hawk's\" series and is the sequel to \"Tony Hawk's Underground\".", "Tony Hawk's Underground 2 __knowledge__ \"Underground 2\" was first released on October 4, 2004 in the US for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, GameCube, Microsoft Windows and Game Boy Advance platforms.", "Tony Hawk's Underground 2 __knowledge__ Although not the first game in the franchise to be released in a seventh generation console (that would be \"American Wasteland\" the following year), \"Underground 2\" is also forward compatible with the Xbox 360.", "Tony Hawk's Underground 2 __knowledge__ On March 15, 2005, it was released for the PlayStation Portable and renamed , which includes extra levels and characters.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ Tony Hawk's Underground is a skateboarding video game published by Activision in 2003, the fifth entry in the \"Tony Hawk's\" series.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ Neversoft developed the GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox versions, Beenox developed the Microsoft Windows version, which was released in Australia and New Zealand as a budget release in 2005, while the Game Boy Advance adaptation was developed by Vicarious Visions and the mobile phone version by Jamdat.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ \"Underground\" is built upon the skateboarding formula of previous \"Tony Hawk's\" games: the player explores levels and completes goals while performing tricks.", "Tony Hawk's Underground __knowledge__ The game features a new focus on customization; the player, instead of selecting a professional skater, creates a custom character.", "Neversoft __knowledge__ Neversoft Entertainment was an American video game developer, founded in July 1994 by Joel Jewett, Mick West and Chris Ward.", "Neversoft __knowledge__ Neversoft is best recognized for their line of \"Tony Hawk's Pro Skater\" and \"Guitar Hero\" video game franchises.", "Neversoft __knowledge__ The company was acquired by Activision in October 1999.", "Neversoft __knowledge__ The studio was merged with Infinity Ward on May 3, 2014 and was officially made defunct on July 10, 2014.", "Neversoft __knowledge__ Neversoft was founded in July 1994 by three employees of Malibu Interactive (previously Acme Interactive), a division of Malibu Comics based in Westlake Village, California.", "Neversoft __knowledge__ At that time, the primary platforms were the 16-bit consoles, the Mega Drive/Genesis and the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2 __knowledge__ Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2 is a skateboarding video game, the second in the \"Tony Hawk's\" series of sports games.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2 __knowledge__ It was developed by Neversoft and published by Activision in 2000.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2 __knowledge__ It was first released for the PlayStation, with subsequent ports to the Nintendo 64, Dreamcast, Game Boy Advance, Mac OS, Microsoft Windows, and iOS.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2 __knowledge__ It also was released for the Xbox on November 15, 2001 as part of the Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2x collection featuring the first two \"Pro Skater\" games.", "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2 __knowledge__ Critically acclaimed upon release by critics, \"Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2\" remains one of the highest rated video games of all time, as well as the highest rated sports video game.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ A flip trick is a type of skateboarding trick in which the skateboard rotates around its vertical axis, or its vertical axis and its horizontal axis simultaneously.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The first flip trick called a kickflip, originally called a \"magic flip,\" was invented by professional skateboarder Rodney Mullen.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The following is a list of general skateboarding terms that will assist novice readers to better understand the descriptions of flip tricks contained in this article: The concepts of frontside and backside originate from surfing, whereby the terms defined the position of the surfer in relation to the wave.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ Plan B Skateboards is a skateboarding company based in Costa Mesa, California, United States.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ It was founded by Nolan Herode and co-owned by Mike Ternasky and professional skateboarders Danny Way and Colin McKay, who all played a big role in the company's success.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ It is now co-owned by Morgan Johnson (Brian's son) and his friends, brothers Ramy and Mark Farah.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ Plan B sells both soft and hard goods, including skateboard decks and wheels, jeans, hooded jumpers, and jackets.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ The original Plan B Skateboarding team was founded in 1991 by Nolan Herode who had departed from the H-Street company that he had formerly managed with Tony Magnusson.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ A freestyle skateboarding trick is a trick done on a skateboard while freestyle skateboarding.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ Some of these tricks are done in a stationary position, unlike many other skateboarding tricks.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ The keys to a good freestyle contest run are variety, difficulty, fluidity, and creativity.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ It should also be noted that this is a partial list, and a full list would never be possible, because new tricks and new combinations are always being created.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ Notes: 1970s skate competitions such as the ones shown in Lords of Dogtown would often have an event to see who could do the most consecutive 360 spins on a skateboard.", "Stevie Williams __knowledge__ Stevie Williams (born December 17, 1979) is an African American professional skateboarder and was included in the twenty-seventh position of the \"30 Most Influential Skaters of All Time\" list that was compiled by \"Transworld Skateboarding\" in late 2011.", "Stevie Williams __knowledge__ Williams grew up in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States (US), and started skateboarding at the age of eleven.", "Stevie Williams __knowledge__ It was during the period when Williams began skateboarding that the term \"dirty ghetto kids\" first emerged, as the title was applied to Williams and his friends.", "Stevie Williams __knowledge__ At the age of fourteen, Williams left Philadelphia to hitchhike to California, US." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ Speed skating is a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating.", "Speed skating __knowledge__ In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just \"speed skating\", while short-track speed skating is known as \"short track\".", "Speed skating __knowledge__ The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as \"speed skating\" and short track as \"short track skating\".", "Speed skating __knowledge__ The standard rink for long track is 400 meters long, but tracks of 200, 250 and 333⅓ meters are used occasionally.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ From novice through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals and other elements or moves.", "Figure skating __knowledge__ The blade has a groove on the bottom creating two distinct edges — inside and outside.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ The U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships (previously National Collegiate Championships) are a collegiate figure skating competition sanctioned by U.S.", "U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ Figure Skating.", "U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ It is the highest level at which figure skating takes place at the college level in the United States.", "U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ The event has been held since 1986.", "U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ The event takes place in August of the calendar year and generally at the beginning of the figure skating season.", "U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ Eligible skaters must be on the junior or senior levels and must be enrolled at a college or university.", "U.S. Collegiate Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ Skaters compete in the disciplines of men's singles and ladies singles.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur).", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ A freestyle skateboarding trick is a trick done on a skateboard while freestyle skateboarding.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ Some of these tricks are done in a stationary position, unlike many other skateboarding tricks.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ The keys to a good freestyle contest run are variety, difficulty, fluidity, and creativity.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ It should also be noted that this is a partial list, and a full list would never be possible, because new tricks and new combinations are always being created.", "Freestyle skateboarding tricks __knowledge__ Notes: 1970s skate competitions such as the ones shown in Lords of Dogtown would often have an event to see who could do the most consecutive 360 spins on a skateboard.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ A flip trick is a type of skateboarding trick in which the skateboard rotates around its vertical axis, or its vertical axis and its horizontal axis simultaneously.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The first flip trick called a kickflip, originally called a \"magic flip,\" was invented by professional skateboarder Rodney Mullen.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The following is a list of general skateboarding terms that will assist novice readers to better understand the descriptions of flip tricks contained in this article: The concepts of frontside and backside originate from surfing, whereby the terms defined the position of the surfer in relation to the wave.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Kickflip __knowledge__ The kickflip is a maneuver in skateboarding in which a rider flips their skateboard 360° along the axis that extends from the nose to the tail of the deck.", "Kickflip __knowledge__ When the rider is regular footed the board spins clockwise if viewed from the front.", "Kickflip __knowledge__ It was the first of many modern flip tricks to be invented or modified by Rodney Mullen in the early 1980s.", "Kickflip __knowledge__ The original kickflip was invented by pioneer Curt Lindgren prior to 1978 and was later modified and popularized by Mullen.", "Kickflip __knowledge__ In March 2011, the first kickflip in surfing was landed by Zoltan \"The Magician\" Torkos.", "Kickflip __knowledge__ Torkos's feat was widely criticized and remains disputed as to whether or not it traveled up and off the lip of the wave.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ Plan B Skateboards is a skateboarding company based in Costa Mesa, California, United States.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ It was founded by Nolan Herode and co-owned by Mike Ternasky and professional skateboarders Danny Way and Colin McKay, who all played a big role in the company's success.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ It is now co-owned by Morgan Johnson (Brian's son) and his friends, brothers Ramy and Mark Farah.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ Plan B sells both soft and hard goods, including skateboard decks and wheels, jeans, hooded jumpers, and jackets.", "Plan B Skateboards __knowledge__ The original Plan B Skateboarding team was founded in 1991 by Nolan Herode who had departed from the H-Street company that he had formerly managed with Tony Magnusson." ] ]

[ 5, 0, 44, 58 ]

[ "Skateboarding will be included in the next Olympics", "My favorite skateboarder is Rodney Mullen. Do you have a favorite skateboarder?", "Rodney Mullen invented many of the most common tricks, probably some of the ones your son does now.", "Some of the tricks are very difficult, but there are easier tricks that can be done by almost anyone." ]

[ "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding" ]

[ "Dog\n You have a dog, right? I have two dogs named Cleopatra and Olive. They are the best!", "Mine are also chihuahuas! It is crazy to think that these little dogs could come from such big and independent wolves. What else have you been reading about them?", "That is so weird. I would think that we would want to domesticate cows or something first. Dogs are smart though, they see the value in us humans. When were they domesticated?", "I think I have heard that before. Bulldogs were bred so that they had big jaws for grabbing on to bulls, i think?", "That makes sense too. My chihuahua always knows when I am sad, and growls at people I am angry at. Does you chihuahua do this?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation began in April 2007 with a search of property in Surry County, Virginia, owned by Michael Vick, who was at the time quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons football team, and the subsequent discovery of evidence of a dog fighting ring.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ Over seventy dogs, mostly pit bull terriers, with some said to be showing signs of injuries, were seized, along with physical evidence during several searches of Vick's property by local, state and federal authorities.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ The case drew widespread publicity to the issues of animal abuse and dog fighting.", "Bad Newz Kennels dog fighting investigation __knowledge__ It also drew attention to unlawful gambling and drug activities which authorities claim often accompany dog fighting.", "Blondi __knowledge__ Blondi (1941 – 29 April 1945) was Adolf Hitler's German Shepherd, a gift as a puppy from Martin Bormann in 1941.", "Blondi __knowledge__ Blondi stayed with Hitler even after his move into the \"Führerbunker\" located underneath the garden of the Reich Chancellery on 16 January 1945.", "Blondi __knowledge__ Hitler was reportedly very fond of Blondi, keeping her by his side and allowing her to sleep in his bed in the bunker.", "Blondi __knowledge__ According to Hitler's secretary Traudl Junge, this affection was not shared by Eva Braun, Hitler's companion, who preferred her two Scottish Terrier dogs named Negus and Stasi.", "Blondi __knowledge__ Blondi played a role in Nazi propaganda by portraying Hitler as an animal lover.", "The Plague Dogs (film) __knowledge__ The Plague Dogs is a 1982 British adult animated epic adventure thriller film based on the 1977 novel of the same name by Richard Adams.", "The Plague Dogs (film) __knowledge__ The film was written, directed and produced by Martin Rosen, who also directed \"Watership Down\", the film adaptation of another novel by Adams.", "The Plague Dogs (film) __knowledge__ \"The Plague Dogs\" was produced by Nepenthe Productions; it was released by Embassy Pictures in the United States and by United Artists in the United Kingdom.", "The Plague Dogs (film) __knowledge__ The film was rated PG-13 by the MPAA for heavy animal cruelty themes, violent imagery, and emotionally distressing scenes.", "The Plague Dogs (film) __knowledge__ \"The Plague Dogs\" is the first non-family oriented MGM animated film.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Dog meat is the flesh and other edible parts derived from dogs.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Historically, human consumption of dog meat has been recorded in many parts of the world, including East and Southeast Asia, West Africa, Europe, Oceania and the Americas.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ In the 21st century, dog meat is consumed in many parts of China, Korea, and Vietnam.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Some cultures view the consumption of dog meat as part of their traditional and day-to-day cuisine, while other cultures consider consumption of dog meat a taboo, although they have been consumed in times of war or other hardships.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ It was estimated in 2014 that worldwide, 25 million dogs are eaten each year by humans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua () is the smallest breed of dog and is named after the state of Chihuahua in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Chihuahuas come in a wide variety of colors, and two coat lengths.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua's history is convoluted, and there are many theories surrounding the origin of the breed.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Both folklore and archaeological finds show that the breed originated in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The most common theory is that Chihuahuas are descended from the \"Techichi\", a companion dog favored by the Toltec civilization in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ No records of the Techichi are available prior to the 9th century, although dog pots from Colima, Mexico, buried as part of the western Mexico shaft tomb tradition which date back to 300 BC are thought to depict Techichis.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ The term shock collar is a term used in order to describe a family of training collars (also called e-collars, Ecollars, remote training collars, Zap collars, or electronic collars) that deliver electrical shocks of varying intensity and duration to the neck of a dog (they can also be applied to other places on the dog's body, to achieve various training effects) via a radio-controlled electronic device incorporated into a dog collar.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Some collar models also include a tone or vibrational setting, as an alternative to or in conjunction with the shock.", "Shock collar __knowledge__ Others include integration with Internet mapping capabilities and GPS to locate the dog or alert an owner of his/her whereabouts.", "Paleolithic dog __knowledge__ The Paleolithic dog was a Late Pleistocene canine.", "Paleolithic dog __knowledge__ They were directly associated with human hunting camps in Europe over 30,000 years before present (YBP) and it is proposed that they were domesticated.", "Paleolithic dog __knowledge__ They are also proposed to be either a proto-dog and the ancestor of the domestic dog or an extinct morphologically and genetically divergent wolf population.", "Paleolithic dog __knowledge__ A study has classified the Paleolithic dog as \"Canis c.f.", "Paleolithic dog __knowledge__ familiaris\" where c.f.", "Paleolithic dog __knowledge__ is used in Latin to mean confer, uncertain (\"Canis\" believed to be \"familiaris\").", "Paleolithic dog __knowledge__ Previously in 1969, a study of ancient mammoth-bone dwellings at the Mezine paleolithic site in the Chernigov region, Ukraine uncovered 3 possibly domesticated \"short-faced wolves\".", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Coyote __knowledge__ The coyote (\"Canis latrans\"); from Nahuatl ) is a canine native to North America.", "Coyote __knowledge__ It is smaller than its close relative, the gray wolf, and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf.", "Coyote __knowledge__ It fills much of the same ecological niche as the golden jackal does in Eurasia, though it is larger and more predatory, and is sometimes called the \"American jackal\" by zoologists.", "Coyote __knowledge__ The coyote is listed as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to its wide distribution and abundance throughout North America, southwards through Mexico, and into Central America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ The domestication of animals is the mutual relationship between animals with the humans who have influence on their care and reproduction.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domesticated species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ There is a genetic difference between domestic and wild populations.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ There is also such a difference between the domestication traits that researchers believe to have been essential at the early stages of domestication, and the improvement traits that have appeared since the split between wild and domestic populations.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ Dmitry Konstantinovich Belyayev (Russian: Дмитрий Константинович Беляев, 17 July 1917 – 14 November 1985) was a Russian geneticist and academician who served as director of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics (IC&G) of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, from 1959 to 1985.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ His decades-long effort to breed domesticated foxes was described by \"The New York Times\" as “arguably the most extraordinary breeding experiment ever conducted.” A 2010 article in Scientific American stated that Belyayev “may be the man most responsible for our understanding of the process by which wolves were domesticated into our canine companions.” Beginning in the 1950s, in order to uncover the genetic basis of the distinctive behavioral and physiological attributes of domesticated animals, Belyayev and his team spent decades breeding the wild silver fox (\"Vulpes vulpes\") and selecting for reproduction only those individuals in each generation that showed the least fear of humans.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Neolithic Revolution __knowledge__ The Neolithic Revolution, Neolithic Demographic Transition, or Agricultural Revolution, was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement, making possible an increasingly larger population.", "Neolithic Revolution __knowledge__ These settled communities permitted humans to observe and experiment with plants to learn how they grew and developed.", "Neolithic Revolution __knowledge__ This new knowledge led to the domestication of plants.", "Neolithic Revolution __knowledge__ Archaeological data indicates that the domestication of various types of plants and animals happened in separate locations worldwide, starting in the geological epoch of the Holocene around 12,500 years ago.", "Cattle __knowledge__ Cattle—colloquially cows—are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates.", "Cattle __knowledge__ They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus \"Bos\", and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos taurus.", "Cattle __knowledge__ Cattle are commonly raised as livestock for meat (beef and veal), as dairy animals for milk and other dairy products, and as draft animals (oxen or bullocks that pull carts, plows and other implements).", "Cattle __knowledge__ Other products include leather and dung for manure or fuel.", "Cattle __knowledge__ In some regions, such as parts of India, cattle have significant religious meaning.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Domestication is a sustained multi-generational relationship in which one group of organisms assumes a significant degree of influence over the reproduction and care of another group to secure a more predictable supply of resources from that second group.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domestic species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ \"Crazy in Love\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring American rapper Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Both artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Using samples from The Chi-Lites's 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is a contemporary R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Crazy in Love\" as the lead single from \"Dangerously in Love\" on May 18, 2003.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Chicago Bulls are an American professional basketball team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team was founded on January 16, 1966.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the United Center, an arena shared with the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls saw their greatest success during the 1990s, when they were responsible for popularizing the NBA worldwide.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ They are known for having one of the NBA's greatest dynasties, winning six NBA championships between 1991 and 1998 with two three-peats.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ Jaws is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg and based on Peter Benchley's 1974 novel of the same name.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ In the story, a giant man-eating great white shark attacks beachgoers on Amity Island, a fictional New England summer resort town, prompting the local police chief to hunt it with the help of a marine biologist and a professional shark hunter.", "Jaws (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Roy Scheider as police chief Martin Brody, Robert Shaw as shark hunter Quint, Richard Dreyfuss as oceanographer Matt Hooper, Murray Hamilton as Larry Vaughn, the mayor of Amity Island, and Lorraine Gary as Brody's wife, Ellen.", "Bulldog __knowledge__ A Bulldog is a medium-sized breed of dog commonly referred to as the English Bulldog or British Bulldog.", "Bulldog __knowledge__ It is a muscular, hefty dog with a wrinkled face and a distinctive pushed-in nose.", "Bulldog __knowledge__ The American Kennel Club (AKC), The Kennel Club (UK), and the United Kennel Club (UKC) oversee breeding records.", "Bulldog __knowledge__ The Bulldog Club of America (BCA) maintains the standard of excellence for the guidance of breeders, owners and judges in the United States.", "Bulldog __knowledge__ Bulldogs were the fourth most popular purebred in the US in 2016 according to the American Kennel Club.", "Bulldog __knowledge__ Bulldogs have a longstanding association with British culture, as the BBC wrote: \"to many the Bulldog is a national icon, symbolising pluck and determination.\"", "Bulls–Heat rivalry __knowledge__ The Bulls–Heat rivalry is an NBA rivalry between the Chicago Bulls and Miami Heat.", "Bulls–Heat rivalry __knowledge__ It began once the Heat became contenders during the 1990s, a decade dominated by the Bulls.", "Bulls–Heat rivalry __knowledge__ They were eliminated three times by Chicago, who went on to win the title each time.", "Bulls–Heat rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry came back in the post-Michael Jordan era due to the Heat and the Bulls becoming favorites in the Eastern Conference.", "Bulls–Heat rivalry __knowledge__ The Bulls, led by Derrick Rose, Luol Deng and Joakim Noah, battled the Heat's 'Big 3' LeBron James, Dwyane Wade and Chris Bosh for dominance.", "Bulls–Heat rivalry __knowledge__ These contests were fierce and hard fought battles featuring many fouls and ejections.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ Jaws is an American natural horror film series that started with a 1975 film that expanded into three sequels, a theme park ride, and other tie-in merchandise, based on a 1974 novel.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The main subject of the saga is a great white shark, and its attacks on people in specific areas of the United States.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The Brody family is featured in all of the films as the primary antithesis to the shark.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ The original film was based on a novel written by Peter Benchley, which itself was inspired by the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916.", "Jaws (franchise) __knowledge__ Benchley adapted his novel, along with help from Carl Gottlieb and Howard Sackler, into the 1975 film \"Jaws\", which was directed by Steven Spielberg.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Workplace wellness is any workplace health promotion activity or organizational policy designed to support healthy behavior in the workplace and to improve health outcomes.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Known as 'corporate wellbeing' outside the US, workplace wellness often comprises activities such as health education, medical screenings, weight management programs, on-site fitness programs or facilities.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ These programs can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary health programs, depending on the goal of the specific program.", "Workplace wellness __knowledge__ Primary prevention programs usually target a fairly healthy employee population, and encourage them to more frequently engage in health behaviors that will encourage ongoing good health.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ Dmitry Konstantinovich Belyayev (Russian: Дмитрий Константинович Беляев, 17 July 1917 – 14 November 1985) was a Russian geneticist and academician who served as director of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics (IC&G) of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, from 1959 to 1985.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ His decades-long effort to breed domesticated foxes was described by \"The New York Times\" as “arguably the most extraordinary breeding experiment ever conducted.” A 2010 article in Scientific American stated that Belyayev “may be the man most responsible for our understanding of the process by which wolves were domesticated into our canine companions.” Beginning in the 1950s, in order to uncover the genetic basis of the distinctive behavioral and physiological attributes of domesticated animals, Belyayev and his team spent decades breeding the wild silver fox (\"Vulpes vulpes\") and selecting for reproduction only those individuals in each generation that showed the least fear of humans.", "Job interview __knowledge__ A job interview is a one-on-one interview consisting of a conversation between a job applicant and a representative of an employer which is conducted to assess whether the applicant should be hired.", "Job interview __knowledge__ Interviews are one of the most popularly used devices for employee selection.", "Job interview __knowledge__ Interviews vary in the extent to which the questions are structured, from a totally unstructured and free-wheeling conversation, to a structured interview in which an applicant is asked a predetermined list of questions in a specified order; structured interviews are usually more accurate predictors of which applicants will make good employees, according to research studies.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ The mind–body problem is a paradigm issue in philosophy of mind, although other issues are addressed, such as the hard problem of consciousness, and the nature of particular mental states.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Aspects of the mind that are studied include mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness, the ontology of the mind, the nature of thought, and the relationship of the mind to the body.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Dualism and monism are the two central schools of thought on the mind–body problem, although nuanced views have arisen that do not fit one or the other category neatly.", "Selective breeding __knowledge__ Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.", "Selective breeding __knowledge__ Domesticated animals are known as breeds, normally bred by a professional breeder, while domesticated plants are known as varieties, cultigens, or cultivars.", "Selective breeding __knowledge__ Two purebred animals of different breeds produce a crossbreed, and crossbred plants are called hybrids.", "Selective breeding __knowledge__ Flowers, vegetables and fruit-trees may be bred by amateurs and commercial or non-commercial professionals: major crops are usually the provenance of the professionals.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ Chihuahua (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chihuahua (), is one of the 32 states of Mexico.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ Its capital city is Chihuahua City.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ It is located in Northwestern Mexico and is bordered by the states of Sonora to the west, Sinaloa to the southwest, Durango to the south, and Coahuila to the east.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ To the north and northeast, it has a long border with the U.S. adjacent to the U.S. states of New Mexico and Texas.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ Chihuahua is the largest state in Mexico by area, with an area of , it is slightly larger than the United Kingdom.", "Chihuahua (state) __knowledge__ The state is consequently known under the nickname \"El Estado Grande\" (\"The Great State\" or \"The Big State\").", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The city of Chihuahua () is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua.", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ It has a population of about 925,970.", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent \"maquiladoras\".", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ It has been said that the name derives from the Nahuatl language, meaning \"between two waters\", other accepted definitions are \"place of the holed-rock\" \" or from Tarahumara, \"dry and sandy place\".", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The name itself is older than the Spanish conquest of Mexico.", "Chihuahua City __knowledge__ The city was founded on October 12, 1709, by Blas Cano de los Rios and Antonio Deza y Ulloa, a Spanish explorer, as El Real de Minas de San Francisco de Cuéllar.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Tepehuán people __knowledge__ The Tepehuán, Tepeguán, O'dam, Audam, or Ódami Indians (Tepehuanes or Tepehuanos, from Nahuatl meaning “Mountain Dwellers” or \"Mountain People\", \"tepe\" coming from \"tepetl\" meaning \"mountains\" and \"huan\" coming from \"nemohuayan\" meaning \"dwelling\" or from \"macehualtin\" meaning \"people\", in Nahuatl Tepehuán is spelled Tēpēhuanih, Tepēhuāntin, Tepehuatecah, and/or Tepēhuahcān) (or as they refer to themselves as O'dam, Audam, and Ódami meaning \"We The People\" or \"People of This Land\" in their native languages Northern Tepehuan, Southeastern Tepehuan, Southwestern Tepehuan) are Indigenous Mexicans of Northwestern, Western, and some parts of North-Central Mexico whose villages at the time of Spanish conquest spanned a large territory along the Sierra Madre Occidental.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua () is the smallest breed of dog and is named after the state of Chihuahua in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Chihuahuas come in a wide variety of colors, and two coat lengths.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua's history is convoluted, and there are many theories surrounding the origin of the breed.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Both folklore and archaeological finds show that the breed originated in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The most common theory is that Chihuahuas are descended from the \"Techichi\", a companion dog favored by the Toltec civilization in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ No records of the Techichi are available prior to the 9th century, although dog pots from Colima, Mexico, buried as part of the western Mexico shaft tomb tradition which date back to 300 BC are thought to depict Techichis.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Francisco \"Pancho\" Villa (born José Doroteo Arango Arámbula; 5 June 1878 – 20 July 1923) was a Mexican Revolutionary general and one of the most prominent figures of the Mexican Revolution.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ As commander of the \"División del Norte\" (Division of the North) in the Constitutionalist Army, he was a military-landowner (caudillo) of the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Given the area's size and mineral wealth, it provided him with extensive resources.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Villa was also provisional Governor of Chihuahua in 1913 and 1914.", "Pancho Villa __knowledge__ Villa can be credited with decisive military victories leading to the ousting of Victoriano Huerta from the presidency in July 1914.", "Beverly Hills Chihuahua __knowledge__ Beverly Hills Chihuahua is a 2008 American family comedy film produced by Walt Disney Pictures, the first in the \"Beverly Hills Chihuahua\" series.", "Beverly Hills Chihuahua __knowledge__ It is directed by Raja Gosnell and was released on October 3, 2008.", "Beverly Hills Chihuahua __knowledge__ The films stars Piper Perabo, Jamie Lee Curtis and Manolo Cardona as the human leads and Drew Barrymore, George Lopez and Andy Garcia in voice-over roles.", "Beverly Hills Chihuahua __knowledge__ The plot centers on a Chihuahua, Chloe, who gets dognapped in Mexico and has to escape from an evil Doberman, El Diablo, with a help from a lonely German Shepherd, Delgado and a hyperactive male Chihuahua, Papi, who has a desperate crush on her.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Trash Pack __knowledge__ The Trash Pack is a brand of collectible toys produced by Moose Toys, first launched in 2011.", "Trash Pack __knowledge__ Toys are released in series, all with their own specific themes, and to date there are seven series.", "Trash Pack __knowledge__ Along with the individual toys the line also includes other merchandise such as video games, activity books, and sticker albums.", "Trash Pack __knowledge__ A \"Trash Pack\" magazine has also been released through PONY Magazine.", "Trash Pack __knowledge__ A reboot was made, but with new categories/characters and placed under the name \"The Grossery Gang\".", "Trash Pack __knowledge__ they were designed by Joe Murray The individual toys are called \"Trashies\" and are typically made of rubber.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Moose Toys __knowledge__ Moose Toys (or Moose Enterprises or Moose Creative Management Pty Ltd) is an Australian-owned toy design, development and distribution company founded in 1985 by Brian Hamersfeld.", "Moose Toys __knowledge__ Moose products are sold in 85 countries and is currently the fifth largest toy manufacturer in Australia and fourth largest in the United States.", "Moose Toys __knowledge__ Moose Toys was founded in 1985 by Brian Hamersfeld and acquired by Chief Executives Manny Stul, Jacqui Tobias and Paul Solomon in 2001.", "Moose Toys __knowledge__ The company is based in Cheltenham, Melbourne, Australia.", "Moose Toys __knowledge__ Between 2000 and 2015 revenue for the company has grown from $10 million to more than $600 million.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 3, 4, 7 ]

[ "I do have a dog. I have a chihuahua named Mia. I was reading that the dog is a direct ancestor of the wolf", "That dogs are the first species to be domesticated. crazy right/", "It just said that they were selectively bred over a millennia for different behaviors. For instance some needed sensory capabiities and others needed different physical attributes", "Also dogs are uniquly attuned to us humans b/c they have been associated so closely with us for so long", "Most definetly. It is so interesting the roles dogs play. they can be just a companion to many or actually aid the handicap in some cases. It is amazing" ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Mick Jagger", "i don't know much about the Rolling Stones, can you tell me about it", "is a band group?", "wow, is the group still in existence?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Sir Michael Philip Jagger, (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\".", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ His distinctive voice and performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger was born and grew up in Dartford, Kent.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He studied at the London School of Economics before abandoning his academic career to join the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger has written most of the Rolling Stones' songs together with Richards, and they continue to collaborate musically.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ In the late 1960s, Jagger began acting in films (starting with \"Performance\" and \"Ned Kelly\"), to a mixed reception.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He began a solo career in 1985, releasing his first album, \"She's the Boss\", and joined the electric supergroup SuperHeavy in 2009.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Relationships with the Stones' members, particularly Richards, deteriorated during the 1980s, but Jagger has always found more success with the band than with his solo and side projects." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Sir Michael Philip Jagger, (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\".", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ His distinctive voice and performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger was born and grew up in Dartford, Kent.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He studied at the London School of Economics before abandoning his academic career to join the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger has written most of the Rolling Stones' songs together with Richards, and they continue to collaborate musically.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ In the late 1960s, Jagger began acting in films (starting with \"Performance\" and \"Ned Kelly\"), to a mixed reception.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He began a solo career in 1985, releasing his first album, \"She's the Boss\", and joined the electric supergroup SuperHeavy in 2009.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Relationships with the Stones' members, particularly Richards, deteriorated during the 1980s, but Jagger has always found more success with the band than with his solo and side projects.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Lewis Brian Hopkin Jones (28 February 1942 – 3 July 1969) was an English musician, best known as founder and the original leader of the Rolling Stones.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Initially a slide guitarist, Jones would go on to play a wide variety of instruments on Rolling Stones recordings and in concerts, such as rhythm and lead guitar, various keyboard instruments such as piano and organ, marimba, harmonica, sitar, wind instruments such as recorder, saxophone, oboe, and numerous others.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Jones and fellow guitarist Keith Richards developed a unique style of guitar play that Richards refers to as the \"ancient art of weaving\" where both players would play both rhythm and lead parts together; Richards would carry the style on with later Stones guitarists and the sound would become a Rolling Stones trademark.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943), sometimes credited as Keith Richard, is an English singer-songwriter, composer, and actor, best known as a guitarist and founder member of the Rolling Stones.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine called Richards \"rock's greatest single body of riffs\" on guitar and ranked him fourth on its list of 100 best guitarists in 2011, and the magazine lists fourteen songs that Richards wrote with the Rolling Stones' lead vocalist Mick Jagger on its \"500 Greatest Songs of All Time\".", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Richards plays both lead and rhythm guitar parts, often in the same song, as the Stones are generally known for their guitar interplay of rhythm and lead (\"weaving\") between Richards and the other guitarist in the band (Brian Jones (1962–1969), Mick Taylor (1969–1975), and Ronnie Wood (1975–present)).", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The Altamont Speedway Free Festival was a counterculture-era rock concert in 1969 in the United States, held at the Altamont Speedway in northern California on Saturday, December 6.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The event is best known for considerable violence, including the stabbing death of Meredith Hunter and three accidental deaths: two caused by a hit-and-run car accident, and one by LSD-induced drowning in an irrigation canal.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ Scores were injured, numerous cars were stolen and then abandoned, and there was extensive property damage.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The concert featured (in order of appearance): Santana, The Flying Burrito Brothers, Jefferson Airplane and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, with the Rolling Stones taking the stage as the final act.", "Tumbling Dice __knowledge__ \"Tumbling Dice\" (originally called \"Good Time Women\") is a single written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards for the Rolling Stones' 1972 double album \"Exile on Main St.\", and was the album's lead single.", "Tumbling Dice __knowledge__ The song, recorded in the basement of the chateau Villa Nellcôte in France, peaked at number 7 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and number 5 in the UK Singles chart.", "Tumbling Dice __knowledge__ The lyrics tell the story of a gambler who cannot remain faithful to any woman.", "Tumbling Dice __knowledge__ The music has a blues boogie-woogie rhythm and has been noted for its irregular lyrical structure and \"groove\".", "Tumbling Dice __knowledge__ \"Tumbling Dice\" has been performed in many of the band's concerts since its premiere on 3 June 1972 at the Pacific Coliseum in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Michael Kevin Taylor (born 17 January 1949) is an English musician, best known as a former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (1966–69) and the Rolling Stones (1969–74).", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including \"Let It Bleed\", \"Sticky Fingers\" and \"Exile on Main St.\".", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Since leaving the Rolling Stones in December 1974, Taylor has worked with numerous other artists and released several solo albums.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ From November 2012 onwards he participated in the Stones' 50th-Anniversary shows in London and Newark, and in the band's 50 & Counting World Tour, which included North America, Glastonbury Festival and Hyde Park in 2013.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ Exile on Main St. is a double album by English rock band the Rolling Stones, released on 12 May 1972 on LP by Rolling Stones Records.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ It was the band's first double album and tenth studio album released in the United Kingdom.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ It was primarily recorded in a rented villa in Nellcôte, France while the band lived abroad as tax exiles, and is rooted in styles such as blues, rock and roll, swing, country, and gospel.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ The sessions included additional musicians such as pianist Nicky Hopkins, saxophonist Bobby Keys, drummer Jimmy Miller, and horn player Jim Price, and were completed at Los Angeles's Sunset Sound." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Sir Michael Philip Jagger, (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\".", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ His distinctive voice and performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger was born and grew up in Dartford, Kent.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He studied at the London School of Economics before abandoning his academic career to join the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger has written most of the Rolling Stones' songs together with Richards, and they continue to collaborate musically.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ In the late 1960s, Jagger began acting in films (starting with \"Performance\" and \"Ned Kelly\"), to a mixed reception.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He began a solo career in 1985, releasing his first album, \"She's the Boss\", and joined the electric supergroup SuperHeavy in 2009.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Relationships with the Stones' members, particularly Richards, deteriorated during the 1980s, but Jagger has always found more success with the band than with his solo and side projects.", "List of UWB channels __knowledge__ This List of Ultra-wideband (UWB) Channels describes the physical bands and TFC codes defined in the WiMedia Alliance's PHY specification, as well as their link to the logical channels used in the higher layers such as the Wireless USB driver.", "List of UWB channels __knowledge__ Many countries have allocated spectrum for UWB use, with various restrictions and power output limits.", "List of UWB channels __knowledge__ The standardized output level for UWB communications is The WiMedia Alliance has defined fourteen 500-MHz bands to divide up the 3.1-10.6 GHz spectrum allocated for Ultra-Wideband communications in the U.S. in 2002.", "List of UWB channels __knowledge__ Many countries had already allocated some spectrum <6 GHz for other uses such as GPS and satellite communications and therefore desired a way to protect those existing devices and applications while allocating additional spectrum for UWB communications, with the idea that UWB devices would avoid the traditional transmitters when they came into geographical proximity or radio range.", "Ijele Masquerade __knowledge__ Ijele Masquerade, known as the biggest Masquerade in Sub-Saharan Africa, is a tradition of the Igbo people of Nigeria and was listed in the UNESCO Archives as an intangible cultural element in need of urgent safeguarding.", "Ijele Masquerade __knowledge__ In many communities in the state of Anambra in South-Eastern Nigeria, celebrations, burial ceremonies and other special occasions during the dry season to evoke fertility and a bountiful harvest feature the performance of the Ijele masquerade.", "Ijele Masquerade __knowledge__ That Ijele originated from old Anambra State in Nigeria many centuries ago is not in doubt.", "Ijele Masquerade __knowledge__ According to UNESCO recent commentary on the Origin of Ijele Masquarade, It is believed that a dance group called Akunechenyi from Umuleri & Aguleri communities along the eastern tributaries of the River Niger in Anambra State gave rise to Ijele.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ Michael Tse Tin-wah (born ) is a Hong Kong actor.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ Michael Tse graduated from TVB's Dance Training Class and worked with TVB as a dancer for five years.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ He then left TVB and formed a boy band group called 風火海 (Wind Fire Sea) with Jordan Chan and Jason Chu.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ Two CDs were then released in 1994 and 1995 accordingly by the boy band group.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ In 1996's \"Young and Dangerous\"(古惑仔), Tse acted as a character called \"Tai Tin Yee\" in the triad genre.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ The film was a huge success, which led to nine sequels and spinoffs before the series concluded in 2000.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ The boy band group was dismissed later then.", "Michael Tse __knowledge__ Tse participated Hong Kong's first modern musical \"Snow.Wolf.Lake\" \"(雪狼湖)\" in 1997.", "1999 Mnet Video Music Awards __knowledge__ The 1999 Mnet Video Music Awards was the first of the annual music awards in Seoul, South Korea that took place on November 27, 1999, at Little Angels Arts Center.", "1999 Mnet Video Music Awards __knowledge__ Leading the nominees were the boy-band group H.O.T.", "1999 Mnet Video Music Awards __knowledge__ and solo artist Lee Seung-hwan with three each, followed by four artists including the new boy-band group g.o.d with three.", "1999 Mnet Video Music Awards __knowledge__ By the end of the ceremony, boy-band group H.O.T., Lee Seung-hwan and Lee Jung-hyun received the most wins with two awards.", "1999 Mnet Video Music Awards __knowledge__ The award-giving body began in this year under the name \"Mnet Km Music Festival\" (MKMF).", "1999 Mnet Video Music Awards __knowledge__ During this time, it was the first and only Korean music video awards ceremony.", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ Pong Lang Sa On () is a comedian band from Thailand, founded in 2005.", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ Their career was helped by winning a talent contest on TV in Thailand.", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ Their style of music can be referred to as folk music from Thailand, with a strong influence of pop and rock.", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ On stage, the musicians perform together with no fewer than ten dancers.", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ These dancers are specialists in folk dance from Thailand.", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ The front man, goes by the name Eed.", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ Next to him, when he performs on stage, are two humorous ladies, referred to as \"La-la\" and \"Lu-lu\".", "Pong Lang Sa On __knowledge__ Biography Pong Lang Sa On is a band group founded in 2005 from Isan, the northeast region of Thailand.", "Lose My Breath __knowledge__ \"Lose My Breath\" is a song by American group Destiny's Child.", "Lose My Breath __knowledge__ It was written by Beyoncé, Kelly Rowland, Michelle Williams, Rodney \"Darkchild\" Jerkins, LaShawn Daniels, Fred Jerkins III, Sean Garrett, and Shawn Corey \"Jay-Z\" Carter for the group's fourth studio album, \"Destiny Fulfilled\" (2004).", "Lose My Breath __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Lose My Breath\" as the first single from the album in late 2004.", "Lose My Breath __knowledge__ The song was partially developed by Jerkins before being presented to Destiny's Child and its chorus was afterwards written by Jay-Z.", "Lose My Breath __knowledge__ An uptempo R&B and dance-pop song, \"Lose My Breath\" has a marching, military percussion-led instrumentation with different sound effects in its backing track.", "East 17 __knowledge__ East 17 is an English pop boy band group consisting of original members John Hendy and Terry Coldwell and newest addition to the line-up Robbie Craig.", "East 17 __knowledge__ The original line-up also featured Brian Harvey and Tony Mortimer.", "East 17 __knowledge__ The group achieved 18 Top 20 singles and four Top 10 albums, and were one of the UK's most popular boy bands during the early to mid-1990s, aided by strong tabloid interest in their 'bad boy' image compared to the 'clean cut' image of rivals Take That.", "East 17 __knowledge__ Their style blended pop and hip hop in songs such as \"House of Love\" and \"Let It Rain\".", "East 17 __knowledge__ The group have sold over 1.8 million albums and 1.8 million singles in the UK.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943), sometimes credited as Keith Richard, is an English singer-songwriter, composer, and actor, best known as a guitarist and founder member of the Rolling Stones.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine called Richards \"rock's greatest single body of riffs\" on guitar and ranked him fourth on its list of 100 best guitarists in 2011, and the magazine lists fourteen songs that Richards wrote with the Rolling Stones' lead vocalist Mick Jagger on its \"500 Greatest Songs of All Time\".", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Richards plays both lead and rhythm guitar parts, often in the same song, as the Stones are generally known for their guitar interplay of rhythm and lead (\"weaving\") between Richards and the other guitarist in the band (Brian Jones (1962–1969), Mick Taylor (1969–1975), and Ronnie Wood (1975–present)).", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Lewis Brian Hopkin Jones (28 February 1942 – 3 July 1969) was an English musician, best known as founder and the original leader of the Rolling Stones.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Initially a slide guitarist, Jones would go on to play a wide variety of instruments on Rolling Stones recordings and in concerts, such as rhythm and lead guitar, various keyboard instruments such as piano and organ, marimba, harmonica, sitar, wind instruments such as recorder, saxophone, oboe, and numerous others.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Jones and fellow guitarist Keith Richards developed a unique style of guitar play that Richards refers to as the \"ancient art of weaving\" where both players would play both rhythm and lead parts together; Richards would carry the style on with later Stones guitarists and the sound would become a Rolling Stones trademark.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Michael Kevin Taylor (born 17 January 1949) is an English musician, best known as a former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (1966–69) and the Rolling Stones (1969–74).", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including \"Let It Bleed\", \"Sticky Fingers\" and \"Exile on Main St.\".", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Since leaving the Rolling Stones in December 1974, Taylor has worked with numerous other artists and released several solo albums.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ From November 2012 onwards he participated in the Stones' 50th-Anniversary shows in London and Newark, and in the band's 50 & Counting World Tour, which included North America, Glastonbury Festival and Hyde Park in 2013.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ British rhythm and blues (or R&B) was a musical movement that developed in the United Kingdom between the late 1950s and the early 1960s, and reached a peak in the mid-1960s.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ It overlapped with, but was distinct from, the broader British beat and more purist British blues scenes, attempting to emulate the music of African American blues and rock and roll pioneers, such as Muddy Waters and Howlin' Wolf, Chuck Berry and Bo Diddley.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ It often placed greater emphasis on guitars and was often played with greater energy.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ The origins of the movement were in the British jazz, skiffle and folk movements of the 1950s.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ Seven Ages of Rock (also known as 7 Ages of Rock) is a BBC Two series, co-produced by BBC Worldwide and VH1 Classic in 2007 about the history of rock music.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ It comprised six 60-minute episodes (reduced to 48 minutes for VH1 Classic), with a final episode of 90 minutes, and was broadcast on Saturdays at 21:00 (repeated on BBC One on Sundays).", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ Each episode focused on one type of rock music, each typified by one or two artists or bands.", "Seven Ages of Rock __knowledge__ The series producer was William Naylor, and the executive producer for the BBC was Michael Poole, a former editor of the 1990s BBC music, arts and culture programme \"The Late Show\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Sir Michael Philip Jagger, (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\".", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ His distinctive voice and performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger was born and grew up in Dartford, Kent.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He studied at the London School of Economics before abandoning his academic career to join the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger has written most of the Rolling Stones' songs together with Richards, and they continue to collaborate musically.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ In the late 1960s, Jagger began acting in films (starting with \"Performance\" and \"Ned Kelly\"), to a mixed reception.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ He began a solo career in 1985, releasing his first album, \"She's the Boss\", and joined the electric supergroup SuperHeavy in 2009.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Relationships with the Stones' members, particularly Richards, deteriorated during the 1980s, but Jagger has always found more success with the band than with his solo and side projects.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The Byrds were an American rock band, formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The band underwent multiple lineup changes throughout its existence, with frontman Roger McGuinn (known as Jim McGuinn until mid-1967) remaining the sole consistent member, until the group disbanded in 1973.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Although they only managed to attain the huge commercial success of contemporaries like the Beatles, the Beach Boys, and the Rolling Stones for a short period in the mid-60s, the Byrds are today considered by critics to be one of the most influential bands of the 1960s.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Their signature blend of clear harmony singing and McGuinn's jangly twelve-string Rickenbacker guitar was immediately absorbed into the vocabulary of popular music and has continued to be influential up to the present day.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943), sometimes credited as Keith Richard, is an English singer-songwriter, composer, and actor, best known as a guitarist and founder member of the Rolling Stones.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine called Richards \"rock's greatest single body of riffs\" on guitar and ranked him fourth on its list of 100 best guitarists in 2011, and the magazine lists fourteen songs that Richards wrote with the Rolling Stones' lead vocalist Mick Jagger on its \"500 Greatest Songs of All Time\".", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Richards plays both lead and rhythm guitar parts, often in the same song, as the Stones are generally known for their guitar interplay of rhythm and lead (\"weaving\") between Richards and the other guitarist in the band (Brian Jones (1962–1969), Mick Taylor (1969–1975), and Ronnie Wood (1975–present)).", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ Exile on Main St. is a double album by English rock band the Rolling Stones, released on 12 May 1972 on LP by Rolling Stones Records.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ It was the band's first double album and tenth studio album released in the United Kingdom.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ It was primarily recorded in a rented villa in Nellcôte, France while the band lived abroad as tax exiles, and is rooted in styles such as blues, rock and roll, swing, country, and gospel.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ The sessions included additional musicians such as pianist Nicky Hopkins, saxophonist Bobby Keys, drummer Jimmy Miller, and horn player Jim Price, and were completed at Los Angeles's Sunset Sound.", "Jim Morrison __knowledge__ James Douglas Morrison (December 8, 1943 – July 3, 1971) was an American singer, songwriter, and poet, best remembered as the lead singer of the Doors.", "Jim Morrison __knowledge__ Due to his poetic lyrics, distinctive voice, wild personality, performances, and the dramatic circumstances surrounding his life and early death, Morrison is regarded by both music critics and fans as one of the most iconic and influential frontmen in rock music history.", "Jim Morrison __knowledge__ Morrison co-founded the Doors during the summer of 1965 in Venice, California.", "Jim Morrison __knowledge__ The band spent two years in obscurity until shooting to prominence with their #1 single in the United States, \"Light My Fire\", taken from their self-titled debut album.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Aerosmith is an American rock band, sometimes referred to as \"the Bad Boys from Boston\" and \"America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band\".", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Their style, which is rooted in blues-based hard rock, has come to also incorporate elements of pop, heavy metal, and rhythm and blues, and has inspired many subsequent rock artists.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ They were formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1970.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ Guitarist Joe Perry and bassist Tom Hamilton, originally in a band together called the Jam Band, met up with vocalist/pianist/harmonicist Steven Tyler, drummer Joey Kramer, and guitarist Ray Tabano, and formed Aerosmith.", "Aerosmith __knowledge__ In 1971, Tabano was replaced by Brad Whitford, and the band began developing a following in Boston." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 2, 2 ]

[ "Do you like the Rolling Stones? I think Mick Jagger is such a cool dude", "the rolling stones formed all the way in 1962 in London! It's a rick band", "sorry i meant to say rock band. Mich Jagger is a member of this band and he is described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\"", "sorry i meant to say rock band. Mich Jagger is a member of this band and he is described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\"" ]

[ "Mick Jagger", "Mick Jagger", "Mick Jagger", "Mick Jagger" ]

[ "Ford Motor Company\nFords are great! I own one.", "Oh yeah, Lincolns are nice too", "Same! Do you know anything about the history of Ford?", "I see, if I remember correctly he was a great innovator", "It's amazing how long they've been around" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Eileen Ford __knowledge__ Eileen Ford (née Ottensoser; March 25, 1922 – July 9, 2014) was an American model agency executive and co-founder, in 1946, with her husband, Gerard \"Jerry\" Ford, of Ford Models, one of the earliest and internationally best known modelling agencies in the world.", "Eileen Ford __knowledge__ Eileen Cecile Ottensoser was born in Manhattan and raised in suburban Great Neck, Long Island, the only daughter of four children of Loretta Marie (née Laine) and Nathaniel Ottensoser.", "Eileen Ford __knowledge__ Eileen had been a model during the summers of her freshman and sophomore years at Barnard College, modeling for the Harry Conover Modeling Agency, one of the first in the United States.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ The Christchurch Transport Board was an autonomous special-purpose municipal authority responsible for the construction, acquisition, and ownership of local transport assets and the operation of public transport services in the Christchurch region of New Zealand’s South Island.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ Constituted as the Christchurch Tramway Board in 1902, it operated trams and buses to Christchurch's outer suburbs and satellite towns for years until being disestablished in 1989 by local government reforms.", "Christchurch Transport Board __knowledge__ The Board assumed control of the existing network of privately run tramways and converted these to electric operation whilst also extending the network.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ The Four Fords were a popular group of tap dancers in the early 1900s.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ The group was made up of four siblings, Max Ford, Edwin Ford, Dora Ford and Mabel Ford.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ They also had another brother named Jonny Ford, he was a dancer as well but never toured with his siblings (Watson).", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ When the fords were children, they were taught to dance very early in their life (Mable Ford).", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ They learned many different types of dancing.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ Their brother Jonny Ford toured as a ballroom dancer (Watson).", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ The Four Ford became popular around 1910.", "The Four Fords __knowledge__ In 1913 The Four Fords broke up, but Mable and Dora kept touring as the Ford Sisters.", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ Full-size Ford is the popular term for a long-running line of Ford vehicles which have been produced in North America with a large degree of similarity since the Model T in 1908, up to the Crown Victoria, which ceased production in late 2011.", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ The term full-size does not necessarily indicate it was large relative to its competitors, but that it was the largest and most complete model offered by Ford.", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ The Model T's 134-inch overall length makes it substantially shorter than a current-generation Fiesta hatchback (160.1\" OAL).", "Full-size Ford __knowledge__ American automobiles in the early years were usually only identified by make and year (such as a 1952 Ford).", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth fantasy writings include many wars and battles set in the lands of Aman, Beleriand, Númenor, and Middle-earth.", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ These are related in his various books such as \"The Hobbit\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\", and \"The Silmarillion\", \"Unfinished Tales\" and other posthumously published books edited by his son Christopher Tolkien.", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ These are given below in an in-universe, fictional chronology: The Kinslayings are the collective term for the three battles fought between the Eldar.", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ The first battle, the Kinslaying at Alqualondë (Swanhaven), appears in print in \"The Silmarillion\".", "Ford (crossing) __knowledge__ A ford is a shallow place with good footing where a river or stream may be crossed by wading, or inside a vehicle getting its wheels wet.", "Ford (crossing) __knowledge__ A ford is mostly a natural phenomenon, in contrast to a low water crossing, which is an artificial bridge that allows crossing a river or stream when water is low.", "Ford (crossing) __knowledge__ A ford is a much cheaper form of river crossing than a bridge, but it may become impassable after heavy rain or during flood conditions.", "Ford (crossing) __knowledge__ A ford is therefore normally only suitable for very minor roads (and for paths intended for walkers and horse riders etc.).", "Ford (crossing) __knowledge__ Most modern fords are usually shallow enough to be crossed by cars and other wheeled or tracked vehicles (a process known as \"fording\").", "River Irvine __knowledge__ The River Irvine () is a river that flows through southwest Scotland.", "River Irvine __knowledge__ Its watershed is on the Lanarkshire border of Ayrshire at an altitude of above sea-level, near Loudoun Hill, Drumclog, and SW by W of Strathaven.", "River Irvine __knowledge__ It flows 29½ miles westward, dividing the old district of Cunninghame from that of Kyle, until it reaches the sea via Irvine Harbour in the form of the Firth of Clyde, and flows into Irvine Bay by the town of Irvine.", "River Irvine __knowledge__ It has many tributaries, some of which form parish, district and other boundaries.", "River Irvine __knowledge__ The River Irvine rises in two head-waters, the one in a moss at Meadow-head, on the eastern boundary of the parish of Loudoun or of Ayrshire, and the other a mile eastward in the parish of Avondale in Lanarkshire, near the battle-field of Drumclog." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is the first single from Trinidadian American female hip-hop artist Foxy Brown's third album \"Broken Silence\".", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was officially released on May 4, 2001 in the United States.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ Initially, it was released through the mixtape circuit in late 2000 with alternate lyrics- most notably on Foxy Brown's \"Best Of Foxy Brown\" mixtape in 2000, hosted by DJ Envy.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ The single was unsuccessful, receiving little airplay on urban radio stations (though popular on New York City and the upper East Coast urban stations) and little video rotation on MTV, though it was slightly more successful on BET.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons is an American animation showcase that appeared on the Nickelodeon cable network, who which was created and guided by Fred Seibert, former Creative Director of MTV Networks and President of Hanna-Barbera.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio and Frederator Incorporated, it ran as part of Nickelodeon's Nicktoons lineup, and, in its second season, was hosted by Kenan Thompson of \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" fame; followed later by Josh Server, also from \"All That\", for its third season.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Bill Burnett composed the show's theme music.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ In terms of sheer volume, \"Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons\" remains TV's biggest animation development program ever.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Lincoln Town Car __knowledge__ The Lincoln Town Car is a model line of full-size luxury sedans that was marketed by the Lincoln division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company from 1981 to 2011.", "Lincoln Town Car __knowledge__ Deriving its name from a style of limousine, \"Town Car\" translated in French is the term \"Sedan de Ville\" (the Cadillac rival to the Lincoln Continental from the 1950s to the 1990s).", "Lincoln Town Car __knowledge__ The Town Car nameplate first appeared as a sub-model of the Continental in 1959, later becoming a trim line during the 1970s.", "Lincoln Town Car __knowledge__ For 1981, the Lincoln Town Car became a distinct product, taking the place of the previous Continental in the Lincoln model line.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ Luxury vehicle is a marketing term for a vehicle that provides luxury — pleasant or desirable features beyond strict necessity — at increased expense.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ The term suggests a vehicle with higher quality equipment, better performance, more precise construction, comfort, higher design, technologically innovative modern, or features that convey an image, brand, status, or prestige, or any other 'discretionary' feature or combination of them.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ The term is also broad, highly variable and relative.", "Luxury vehicle __knowledge__ It is a perceptual, conditional and subjective attribute that may be comprehended differently by different people; \"What is a luxury car to some... may be 'ordinary' to others.\"", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ The Lincoln Motor Company (also known simply as Lincoln) is a division of the Ford Motor Company that sells luxury vehicles under the Lincoln brand.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ Founded in 1917 by Henry M. Leland, Lincoln became a subsidiary of Ford in 1922, but is now a division of Ford.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ While currently sold primarily in North America, Ford introduced the Lincoln brand to China in 2014.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ Lincoln vehicles are also officially sold in the Middle East and South Korea.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ The current Lincoln model range in North America consists of two sedans (Continental and MKZ), three crossover utility vehicles (MKC, MKT, and MKX), and a sport utility vehicle (Navigator/Navigator L).", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Mercury is a defunct division of the American automobile manufacturer Ford Motor Company.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Marketed as an entry-level premium brand for nearly its entire existence, Mercury was created in 1938 by Edsel Ford.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Forming half of the Lincoln-Mercury Division, the brand was intended to bridge the price gap between the Ford and Lincoln vehicle lines.", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ In a similar context, Buick and Oldsmobile played the same role within General Motors while the Chrysler Division did so within Chrysler Corporation (following the end of DeSoto and the creation of Imperial).", "Mercury (automobile) __knowledge__ Although the initial Mercury Eight was a distinct design, for much of the existence of the division, Ford would rely on common underpinnings (from Ford or Lincoln, or both) to save on development costs.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Lincoln Continental is a series of luxury cars produced by Lincoln, a division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ First introduced in 1939 as a coachbuilt convertible for Edsel Ford, the Continental nameplate has been in use by Lincoln across ten generations of vehicles for various times over nearly 80 years.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Continental nameplate is derived from the original 1939 convertible, intended to adapt European \"continental\" exterior styling elements to the body and chassis of the Lincoln-Zephyr.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ Following its launch, the Lincoln Continental would become the progenitor of an entirely new automotive segment, the personal luxury car.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura is the luxury vehicle marque of Japanese automaker Honda.", "Acura __knowledge__ The brand was launched in the United States and Canada in March 1986, marketing luxury, performance, and high-performance vehicles.", "Acura __knowledge__ It was introduced to Hong Kong in 1991, Mexico in 2004, China in 2006, Russia in 2014 and Kuwait in 2015, and is also sold in Ukraine.", "Acura __knowledge__ Honda's plan to introduce Acura to the Japanese domestic market (JDM) in 2008 was delayed, due to economic reasons, and later withheld as a result of the 2008 financial crisis.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura holds the distinction of being the first Japanese automotive luxury brand.", "Acura __knowledge__ The creation of Acura coincided with the introduction of a JDM Honda dealership sales channel, called Honda Clio, which sold luxury vehicles, joining previously established Honda Verno, followed by Honda Primo the following year.", "Packard __knowledge__ Packard was an American luxury automobile marque built by the Packard Motor Car Company of Detroit, Michigan, United States.", "Packard __knowledge__ The first Packard automobiles were produced in 1899, and the last true Packard in 1956, when they built the Packard Predictor, their last concept car.", "Packard __knowledge__ Packard bought Studebaker in 1953 and formed Studebaker-Packard Corporation of South Bend, Indiana.", "Packard __knowledge__ The final Packards were actually badge engineered 1958 Studebakers.", "Packard __knowledge__ Packard was founded by James Ward Packard, his brother William, and their partner, George Lewis Weiss, in the city of Warren, Ohio, where 400 Packard automobiles were built at their factory on Dana Street Northeast, from 1899 to 1903." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" is a song by the American rock band Mad Season, released in 1995 as the second single from the band's sole studio album, \"Above\" (1995).", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The song reached number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The verse bar for \"I Don't Know Anything\" features a droning, overdriven guitar melody centered on the use of harmonics.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" peaked at number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Although the single was released to radio across North America and the world, it was only commercially available in Austria.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" was first performed live at the band's October 12, 1994 concert in Seattle, Washington at the Crocodile Cafe.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling scepticism; from Greek σκέψις \"skepsis\", \"inquiry\") is both a philosophical school of thought and a method that questions the possibility of certainty in knowledge.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is generally agreed that knowledge requires justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is not enough to have a true belief: one must also have good reasons for that belief.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skeptics claim that it is not possible to have only an adequate justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skepticism is not a single position but covers a range of different positions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ In the ancient world there were two main skeptical traditions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Academic skepticism took the dogmatic position that knowledge was not possible; Pyrrhonian skeptics refused to take a dogmatic position on any issue—including skepticism.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ Apartment Life is the second studio album by American band Ivy, released by Atlantic Records on October 6, 1997.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ After being dropped from Seed Records following the release of \"Realistic\" in 1995, the group signed to Atlantic due to connections that Adam Schlesinger had with the record label.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ In addition to band members Andy Chase and Schlesinger, the album was produced by Lloyd Cole and Peter Nashel.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ In contrast to their previous releases, such as \"Lately\" (1994) and \"Realistic\", \"Apartment Life\" is a pop album with varying forms of production consisting of keyboards, brass, and string instruments.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ Above is the only studio album by the American rock band Mad Season, released on March 14, 1995, through Columbia Records.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ The album has been certified gold by the RIAA in the United States.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ Layne Staley also did the album artwork on the cover.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ During the production of Pearl Jam's \"Vitalogy\", guitarist Mike McCready went into rehabilitation in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he met John Baker Saunders, who would a short while later become bassist in The Walkabouts.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ In 1994, when the two returned to Seattle, they formed a side band with Screaming Trees drummer Barrett Martin.", "Above (Mad Season album) __knowledge__ Immediately the trio set up rehearsal time together and began writing material.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "Lincoln MKZ __knowledge__ The Lincoln MKZ, is a four-door, five-passenger mid-size luxury sedan manufactured by Ford and marketed as the Zephyr (MY 2006) and as the MKZ (MY 2007–present) by Ford's Lincoln brand — across two generations in both gasoline and hybrid gas/electric models.", "Lincoln MKZ __knowledge__ Along with the badge engineered variant Ford Fusion, the MKZ is manufactured at Ford's Hermosillo Stamping & Assembly plant in Mexico.", "Lincoln MKZ __knowledge__ The 2006 Lincoln Zephyr was initially unveiled in concept form at the 2004 New York International Auto Show as a new entry-level luxury sedan, with several revised design elements from concept made their way into the production model.", "Ford Fusion Hybrid __knowledge__ The Ford Fusion Hybrid is a gasoline-electric hybrid powered version of the mid-sized Ford Fusion sedan manufactured and marketed by Ford, now in its second generation.", "Ford Fusion Hybrid __knowledge__ A plug-in hybrid version, the Ford Fusion Energi, was released in the U.S. in February 2013.", "Ford Fusion Hybrid __knowledge__ The first generation was launched to the U.S. market in March 2009 for model year 2010, together with its badge-engineered variants, the Mercury Milan Hybrid and the Lincoln MKZ Hybrid.", "Ford Fusion Hybrid __knowledge__ The second generation was launched under the Ford and Lincoln brands for model year 2013, went on sale in the U.S. in October 2012.", "Ford Fusion Hybrid __knowledge__ The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rated the 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid at combined city/highway.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ The Lincoln Motor Company (also known simply as Lincoln) is a division of the Ford Motor Company that sells luxury vehicles under the Lincoln brand.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ Founded in 1917 by Henry M. Leland, Lincoln became a subsidiary of Ford in 1922, but is now a division of Ford.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ While currently sold primarily in North America, Ford introduced the Lincoln brand to China in 2014.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ Lincoln vehicles are also officially sold in the Middle East and South Korea.", "Lincoln Motor Company __knowledge__ The current Lincoln model range in North America consists of two sedans (Continental and MKZ), three crossover utility vehicles (MKC, MKT, and MKX), and a sport utility vehicle (Navigator/Navigator L).", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Lincoln Continental is a series of luxury cars produced by Lincoln, a division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ First introduced in 1939 as a coachbuilt convertible for Edsel Ford, the Continental nameplate has been in use by Lincoln across ten generations of vehicles for various times over nearly 80 years.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ The Continental nameplate is derived from the original 1939 convertible, intended to adapt European \"continental\" exterior styling elements to the body and chassis of the Lincoln-Zephyr.", "Lincoln Continental __knowledge__ Following its launch, the Lincoln Continental would become the progenitor of an entirely new automotive segment, the personal luxury car.", "Hybrid Scorecard __knowledge__ The Hybrid Scorecard was created by the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) to give consumers a comprehensive comparison of hybrid electric vehicles available in the U.S. market.", "Hybrid Scorecard __knowledge__ The UCS Hybrid Scorecard ratings take into considerations fuel economy as rated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); the environmental benefits as compared to its similar or closest conventional internal combustion engine counterpart; how cost-effectively a particular hybrid achieves its environmental performance; and premium features that are bundled on a hybrid as standard equipment raising its purchase price.", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ The Lincoln MKX is a mid-size luxury crossover SUV manufactured and sold by Lincoln.", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ Having debuted as a 2007 model in December 2006, the first-generation MKX is a rebadged variant of the Ford Edge.", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ It uses Ford's CD3 platform for the first generation (2007–2015) and CD4 platform for the second generation (2016–2018).", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ The MKX features unibody construction and front-wheel-drive with available all-wheel-drive.", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ It is manufactured at Oakville Assembly in Oakville, Ontario, Canada.", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ The MKX has been Lincoln's best selling model since 2016.", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ In the 2019 model year, the MKX will be renamed Nautilus.", "Lincoln MKX __knowledge__ The Lincoln MKX made its first appearance as a concept car at the 2004 North American International Auto Show as a successor to the Lincoln Aviator.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ \"Buy one, get one free\", \"Buy one, get one\", \"two for the price of one\", \"two for one\" or \"2 for 1\" is a common form of sales promotion.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ While not often presented to customers in acronym form, this marketing technique is universally known in the marketing industry by the acronyms BOGO, BOGOF, and BOGOHO (Buy one get one half off).", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ Economist Alex Tabarrok has argued that the success of this promotion lies in the fact that the price actually takes into account the fact that two items are being sold.", "Buy one, get one free __knowledge__ The price of \"one\" is somewhat nominal and is typically raised when used as part of a buy one get one free deal." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ Izear Luster \"Ike\" Turner, Jr. (November 5, 1931 – December 12, 2007) was an American musician, bandleader, songwriter, arranger, talent scout, and record producer.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ An early pioneer of fifties rock and roll, he is most popularly known for his work in the 1960s and 1970s with his then-wife Tina Turner in the Ike & Tina Turner Revue.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ Turner began playing piano and guitar when he was eight, forming his group, the Kings of Rhythm, as a teenager.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ He employed the group as his backing band for the rest of his life.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ His first recording, \"Rocket 88\", credited to \"Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats\", in 1951 is considered a contender for \"first rock and roll song\".", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Childhood amnesia, also called infantile amnesia, is the inability of adults to retrieve episodic memories (memories of situations or events) before the age of 2–4 years, as well as the period before age 10 of which adults retain fewer memories than might otherwise be expected given the passage of time.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ The development of a cognitive self is also thought by some to have an effect on encoding and storing early memories.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Some research has demonstrated that children can remember events from the age of 1, but that these memories may decline as children get older.", "Childhood amnesia __knowledge__ Most psychologists differ in defining the offset of childhood amnesia.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ Hindsight bias, also known as the knew-it-all-along effect or creeping determinism, is the inclination, after an event has occurred, to see the event as having been predictable, despite there having been little or no objective basis for predicting it.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ It is a multifaceted phenomenon that can affect different stages of designs, processes, contexts, and situations.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ Hindsight bias may cause memory distortion, where the recollection and reconstruction of content can lead to false theoretical outcomes.", "Hindsight bias __knowledge__ It has been suggested that the effect can cause extreme methodological problems while trying to analyze, understand, and interpret results in experimental studies.", "Nikolay Nekrasov __knowledge__ Nikolay Alexeyevich Nekrasov (, – ) was a Russian poet, writer, critic and publisher, whose deeply compassionate poems about peasant Russia made him the hero of liberal and radical circles of Russian intelligentsia, as represented by Vissarion Belinsky, Nikolay Chernyshevsky and Fyodor Dostoyevsky.", "Nikolay Nekrasov __knowledge__ He is credited with introducing into Russian poetry ternary meters and the technique of dramatic monologue (\"On the Road\", 1845).", "Nikolay Nekrasov __knowledge__ As the editor of several literary journals, notably \"Sovremennik\", Nekrasov was also singularly successful and influential.", "Nikolay Nekrasov __knowledge__ Nikolay Alexeyevich Nekrasov was born in Nemyriv (now in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine), Podolia Governorate.", "British Academy of Management __knowledge__ The British Academy of Management (BAM), founded in 1986, is a learned society dedicated to advancing the academic discipline of management in the United Kingdom.", "British Academy of Management __knowledge__ It is a member of the Academy of Social Sciences.", "British Academy of Management __knowledge__ The academy runs two academic journals: the \"British Journal of Management\" and the \"International Journal of Management Reviews\".", "British Academy of Management __knowledge__ Once a year, it publishes an article which is presented at the annual conference.", "British Academy of Management __knowledge__ The headquartered of the British Academy of Management is in London, United Kingdom.", "British Academy of Management __knowledge__ The British Academy of Management was founded in 1986, exactly 50 years after the AoM was formed in Chicago.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder is the first physical explosive and propellant.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Before its invention, many incendiary and burning devices had been used, including Greek fire.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ The invention of gunpowder is attributed to experimentation in Chinese alchemy by Taoists in the pursuit of immortality, and is popularly listed as one of the \"Four Great Inventions\" of China.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ It was invented during the late Tang dynasty (9th century) but the earliest record of a written formula appeared in the Song dynasty (11th century).", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Knowledge of gunpowder spread rapidly throughout the Old World possibly as a result of the Mongol conquests during the 13th century, with written formula for it appearing in the 1267 \"Opus Majus\" treatise by Roger Bacon and a 1280 treatise by Hasan al-Rammah.", "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough __knowledge__ General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (, often ; 26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.)", "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough __knowledge__ was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs.", "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough __knowledge__ From a noble family, he served first as a page at the court of the House of Stuart under James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill.", "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough __knowledge__ Churchill's role in defeating the Monmouth Rebellion in 1685 helped secure James on the throne, yet just three years later he abandoned his Catholic patron for the Protestant Dutchman, William of Orange.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company is an American automaker and the world's fifth largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, the automaker was founded by Henry Ford, on June 16, 1903.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford Motor Company would go on to become one of the largest and most profitable companies in the world, as well as being one of the few to survive the Great Depression.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The largest family-controlled company in the world, the Ford Motor Company has been in continuous family control for over 110 years.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford now encompasses two brands: Ford and Lincoln.", "History of Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford once owned 5 other luxury brands: Volvo, Land Rover, Jaguar, Aston Martin and Mercury.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ Henry Ford Hospital (HFH) is an 877-bed tertiary care hospital, education and research complex at the western edge of the New Center area in Detroit, Michigan.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ The flagship facility for the Henry Ford Health System, it is one of the first hospitals in the United States to use a standard fee schedule and favor private or semi-private rooms over large wards.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ It also is the first hospital in the country to form a closed, salaried medical staff.", "Henry Ford Hospital __knowledge__ As founder Henry Ford viewed tobacco as being unhealthy, the hospital was one of the first hospitals in the United States to institute a total ban on smoking.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Fordson was a brand name of tractors and trucks.", "Fordson __knowledge__ It was used on a range of mass-produced general-purpose tractors manufactured by Henry Ford & Son Inc from 1917 to 1920, by Ford Motor Company (U.S.) and Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1920 to 1928, and by Ford Motor Company Ltd (U.K.) from 1929 to 1964.", "Fordson __knowledge__ They later also built trucks under the Fordson brand.", "Fordson __knowledge__ American engineer, inventor, and businessman Henry Ford built experimental tractors from automobile components during the early 20th century, and launched a prototype known as the Model B in August 1915.", "Fordson __knowledge__ Further prototypes, with a dedicated tractor design, followed in 1916.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ Although Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line, he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle-class Americans could afford.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ In doing so, Ford converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into a practical conveyance that would profoundly impact the landscape of the 20th century.", "Henry Ford __knowledge__ His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The First Industrial Revolution, which ended in the early to mid 1800s, was punctuated by a slowdown in macroinventions before the Second Industrial Revolution in 1870.", "Second Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Though a number of its characteristic events can be traced to earlier innovations in manufacturing, such as the establishment of a machine tool industry, the development of methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and the invention of the Bessemer Process to produce steel, the Second Industrial Revolution is generally dated between 1870 and 1914 up to the start of World War I. Advancements in manufacturing and production technology enabled the widespread adoption of preexisting technological systems such as telegraph and railroad networks, gas and water supply, and sewage systems, which had earlier been concentrated to a few select cities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It also has a number of joint-ventures, one in China (Changan Ford), one in Taiwan (Ford Lio Ho), one in Thailand (AutoAlliance Thailand), one in Turkey (Ford Otosan), and one in Russia (Ford Sollers).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family, although they have minority ownership (but majority of the voting power).", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines; by 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is an American reality competition show in which typically eleven teams of two race around the world.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The race is generally split into twelve legs, with each leg requiring teams to deduce clues, navigate themselves in foreign areas, interact with locals, perform physical and mental challenges, and vie for airplane, boat, taxi, and other public transportation options on a limited budget provided by the show.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Teams are progressively eliminated at the end of most legs, while the first team to arrive at the end of the final leg wins the grand prize of .", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ As the original version of the \"Amazing Race\" franchise, the CBS program has been running since 2001.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends\" characters.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Peter Parker (Spider-Man), Bobby Drake (Iceman), and Angelica Jones (Firestar) are all college students at Empire State University.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ After working together to defeat the Beetle and recovering the \"Power Booster\" he stole from Tony Stark (a.k.a.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Iron Man, who rewards them with the advanced computer systems seen in several episodes and the opening titles) the trio decide to team-up permanently as the \"Spider-Friends\".", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ They live together in Peter's Aunt May's home with her and a pet dog, Ms.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Lion, a Lhasa Apso, who often acts as comic relief.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ \"Amazing Grace\" is a Christian hymn published in 1779, with words written by the English poet and Anglican clergyman John Newton (1725–1807).", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ Newton wrote the words from personal experience.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He grew up without any particular religious conviction, but his life's path was formed by a variety of twists and coincidences that were often put into motion by his recalcitrant insubordination.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He was pressed (conscripted) into service in the Royal Navy, and after leaving the service, he became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ In 1748, a violent storm battered his vessel off the coast of County Donegal, Ireland, so severely that he called out to God for mercy, a moment that marked his spiritual conversion.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ What's So Amazing About Grace?", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ is a 1997 book by Philip Yancey, an American journalist and editor-at-large for \"Christianity Today\".", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ The book examines grace in Christianity, contending that people crave grace and that it is central to the gospel, but that many local churches ignore grace and instead seek to exterminate immorality.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ \"What's So Amazing About Grace?\"", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ includes Bible stories, anecdotes from Yancey's life, accounts of historical events and other stories.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ These include a modern retelling of the Parable of the Prodigal Son, an account of Yancey's friendship with Mel White who came out as homosexual, a comparison of the teachings of early Christians Pelagius and Augustine of Hippo, and a summary of Karen Blixen's short story \"Babette's Feast\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is a reality television game show in which teams of two people race around the world in competition with other teams.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants strive to arrive first at \"Pit Stops\" at the end of each leg of the race to win prizes and to avoid coming in last, which carries the possibility of elimination or a significant disadvantage in the following leg.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants travel to and within multiple countries in a variety of transportation modes, including airplanes, hot air balloons, helicopters, trucks, bicycles, taxicabs, cars, trains, buses, boats, and by foot.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Clues provided in each leg lead the teams to the next destination or direct them to perform a task, either together or by a single member.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ The automotive industry in the United States began in the 1890s and, as a result of the size of the domestic market and the use of mass-production, rapidly evolved into the largest in the world.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ However, the United States was overtaken as the largest automobile producer by Japan in the 1980s, and subsequently by China in 2008.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. is currently second among the largest manufacturer in the world by volume, with approximately 8-10 million manufactured annually.", "Automotive industry in the United States __knowledge__ Notable exceptions were 5.7 million automobiles manufactured in 2009 (due to crisis), and peak production levels of 13-15 million units during the 1970s and early 2000s.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "American Motors __knowledge__ American Motors Corporation (AMC) was an American automobile company formed by the 1954 merger of Nash-Kelvinator Corporation and Hudson Motor Car Company.", "American Motors __knowledge__ At the time, it was the largest corporate merger in U.S. history.", "American Motors __knowledge__ AMC went on to compete with the US Big Three, Ford, GM and Chrysler – with its small cars including the Rambler American, Hornet, Gremlin and Pacer; muscle cars including the Marlin, AMX and Javelin, and early 4-wheel-drive variants of the Eagle, America's first true crossover.", "American Motors __knowledge__ The company was known as \"a small company deft enough to exploit special market segments left untended by the giants,\" and was widely known for the design work of chief stylist, Dick Teague, who \"had to make do with a much tighter budget than his counterparts at Detroit's Big Three\" but \"had a knack for making the most of his employer's investment.\"", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit () is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The municipality of Detroit had a 2016 estimated population of 672,795, making it the 23rd-most populous city in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 4.3 million people, making it the second-largest in the Midwest after Chicago.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is a major port on the Detroit River, one of the four major straits that connect the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The Detroit Metropolitan Airport is among the most important hubs in the United States.", "Decline of Detroit __knowledge__ The city of Detroit, in the U.S. state of Michigan, has gone through a major economic and demographic decline in recent decades.", "Decline of Detroit __knowledge__ The population of the city has fallen from a high of 1,850,000 in 1950 to 677,116 in 2015, kicking it off the top 20 of US cities by population for the first time since 1850.", "Decline of Detroit __knowledge__ The city's automobile industry has suffered from global competition and has moved much of the remaining production out of Detroit.", "Decline of Detroit __knowledge__ Local crime rates are among the highest in the United States (despite this, the overall crime rate in the city has seen a decline during the 21st century), and vast areas of the city are in a state of severe urban decay.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010 was a part of a global financial downturn.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The crisis affected European and Asian automobile manufacturers, but it was primarily felt in the American automobile manufacturing industry.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The downturn also affected Canada by virtue of the Automotive Products Trade Agreement.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The automotive industry was weakened by a substantial increase in the prices of automotive fuels linked to the 2003-2008 energy crisis which discouraged purchases of sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and pickup trucks which have low fuel economy.", "Automotive industry crisis of 2008–10 __knowledge__ The popularity and relatively high profit margins of these vehicles had encouraged the American \"Big Three\" automakers, General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler to make them their primary focus.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car." ] ]

[ 3, 55, 2, 65, 44 ]

[ "I've never had a Ford. I didn't know the Lincoln luxury brand was owned by them.", "I would like to get one, maybe a Continental or MKZ.", "Yes it was founded by Henry Ford in 1903 and introduced large scale assembly methods.", "I agree, his introduction of the Model T shaped the American auto industry that continues even today.", "The auto industry even goes further back into the 1890s!" ]

[ "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company", "Ford Motor Company" ]

[ "Singing\nI love to sing", "No. I have not performed before", "Me too", "Really?", "That is true. It actually easy to sing with others" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ Love Never Dies is a romantic musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber with lyrics by Glenn Slater and a book by Lloyd Webber, Ben Elton, Frederick Forsyth and Slater.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ It is a sequel to the long-running musical \"The Phantom of the Opera\" loosely adapted from the 1999 novel \"The Phantom of Manhattan\", by Forsyth.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ The plot is not based on the storyline in the original book by Gaston Leroux.", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ Lloyd Webber stated: \"I don't regard this as a sequel—it's a stand-alone piece.\"", "Love Never Dies (musical) __knowledge__ He later clarified: \"Clearly, it is a sequel, but I really do not believe that you have to have seen \"Phantom of the Opera\" to understand \"Love Never Dies\".\"", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. (only 1965 to 1967 was first run; later transmissions were reruns).", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series debuted on September 25, 1965 and ended on October 21, 1967.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ A total of 39 episodes were produced.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ For the fourth season, which consisted of reruns, the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode has a name of a Beatles song, so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Eastern Lombard grammar __knowledge__ The Eastern Lombard Grammar reflects the main features of Romance languages: the word order of Eastern Lombard is usually SVO, nouns are inflected in number, adjectives agree in number and gender with the nouns, verbs are conjugated in tenses, aspects and moods and agree with the subject in number and person.", "Eastern Lombard grammar __knowledge__ The case system is present only for the weak form of the pronoun.", "Eastern Lombard grammar __knowledge__ Eastern Lombard has always been a spoken language and, in spite of sporadic attempts to fix the main features in a written grammar, a unique canonical variety has never prevailed over the others.", "Eastern Lombard grammar __knowledge__ The present day situation sees a large number of varieties, roughly identifiable by the area where a particular variety is spoken (so, you may encounter a Bergamasque, Brescian, a Camunic variety, etc.).", "Billy Sing __knowledge__ William Edward \"Billy\" Sing, DCM (2 March 1886 – 19 May 1943) was a part Chinese Australian soldier who served in the Australian Imperial Force during World War I, best known as a sniper during the Gallipoli Campaign.", "Billy Sing __knowledge__ He took at least 150 confirmed kills during that campaign, and may have had over 200 kills in total.", "Billy Sing __knowledge__ One contemporary estimate put his tally at close to 300 kills.", "Billy Sing __knowledge__ Towards the end of the war, Sing married a Scottish woman, but the relationship did not last long.", "Billy Sing __knowledge__ Following work in sheep farming and gold mining, he died in relative poverty and obscurity in Brisbane during World War II.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Suraiya Jamaal Sheikh (15 June 1929 – 31 January 2004), popularly known as Suraiya, was an Indian Punjabi Muslim Hindi/Hindustani film actress and playback singer in Bollywood from the 1940s to the early 1960s, who remained unmarried throughout her life, after her love affair with actor Dev Anand was aborted by her maternal grandmother.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ She was the most popular singing star of the Indian sub-continent of her generation.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Until 1943, as a child singer, Suraiya did playback singing for one actress, namely Mehtab, in three films, and also in some of her own films for her roles as a child artiste.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ After this, she only sang for her own films as an actress, and acted as a heroine from 1946 until the end of her career in 1963." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the talent show The Voice of Greece began broadcasting on January 10, 2014.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ The coaches were Michalis Kouinelis, Despina Vandi, Antonis Remos and Melina Aslanidou.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ Each coach chose their finalists for the live shows through the blind auditions and the battles.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ During the blind auditions, the coaches selected their 16 artists while in the battles half of the artists were eliminating leaving a number of 8 acts for each coach.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was won by Maria Elena Kiriakou, mentored by Despina Vandi, who took the record deal with Universal Music Greece, with Areti Kosmidou and Lefteris Kintatos becoming the joint runners-up (mentored by Michalis Kouinelis and Antonis Remos respectively).", "Mikhail Gutseriyev __knowledge__ Mikhail Safarbekovich Gutseriev (; born 9 March 1958 in Akmolinsk, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian business magnat, poet, composer, philanthropist, notable for his unique combination of outstanding entrepreneurial skills and poetic talent.", "Mikhail Gutseriyev __knowledge__ Doctor of economics.", "Mikhail Gutseriyev __knowledge__ Member of the Union of Writers of the Russian Federation.", "Mikhail Gutseriyev __knowledge__ The major shareholder of the SAFMAR Group, which includes PJSC “RussNeft”, JSC Neftisa, JSC “Russian Coal”, PJSC Mospromstroy, A101 Group, JSC NPF Safmar, JSC Doveriye, NPF Mospromstroy-Fund, JSC «LC «Europlan», «VSK» insurance company and many others.", "Mikhail Gutseriyev __knowledge__ He owns a controlling stakes in the biggest Russian retail companies – PJSC M.video and JSC Eldorado.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of The X Factor aired on Fox, starting on September 12, 2012 and ending December 20, 2012.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The live shows began on October 31, 2012, as 16 acts made it into the live shows, with one wildcard act returning after the first elimination round.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ Tate Stevens was crowned the winner of the season on the second half of the finale, with Carly Rose Sonenclar becoming the runner-up and Fifth Harmony finished in third place.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ They are all signed to Simon Cowell's record label Syco Music.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The \"Teens\" category was mentored by Britney Spears.", "List of The X Factor finalists (U.S. season 2) __knowledge__ The six candidates were Diamond White, Carly Rose Sonenclar, Arin Ray, James Tanner, Reed Deming and Beatrice Miller.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ Andrea Bocelli, (; born 22 September 1958) is an Italian singer, songwriter and record producer.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ Born with poor eyesight, Bocelli became completely blind at the age of 12, following a football accident.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ Bocelli has recorded fifteen solo studio albums, of both pop and classical music, three greatest hits albums, and nine complete operas, selling over 80 million records worldwide.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ He has had success as a crossover performer bringing classical music to the top of international pop charts.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ In 1998, Bocelli was named one of \"People\" 50 Most Beautiful People.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ In 1999, Bocelli was nominated for Best New Artist at the Grammy Awards.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ He is also known by his real name, Haruhisa Handa, in the Western World, while he uses principally as his artistic name in Asia, including Japan, China and Cambodia.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ \"Toshu\" in Japanese means Asia or Japan which is located in the eastern area when the world was deemed as one nation.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ As recorded in the ancient record, of \"Sange-gakushoshiki\" (The Regulations for Students of the Mountain School), written by Saichō who was a Japanese Buddhist monk credited with founding the Tendai, where the word \"Toshu\" was used to signify Japan.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ In addition he also uses the pen name as the president of his theater company and for his literary activities as a novelist and poet etc.", "Melodifestivalen 2016 __knowledge__ Melodifestivalen 2016 was the 56th edition of the Swedish music competition Melodifestivalen, which selected Sweden's entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2016.", "Melodifestivalen 2016 __knowledge__ The competition was organised by Sveriges Television (SVT) and took place over the six-week period between 6 February and 12 March 2016.", "Melodifestivalen 2016 __knowledge__ For the 15th consecutive year, the format of the competition consisted of six shows: four semi-final rounds, a second chance round and a final.", "Melodifestivalen 2016 __knowledge__ The 28 competing entries were divided into four semi-finals, with seven compositions in each.", "Melodifestivalen 2016 __knowledge__ From each semi-final, the songs that earned first and second place qualified directly to the final, while the songs that placed third and fourth proceeded to the Second Chance round.", "WWF Invasion __knowledge__ Invasion (also typeset as InVasion) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the then World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and presented by PlayStation.", "WWF Invasion __knowledge__ It took place on July 22, 2001 at the Gund Arena in Cleveland, Ohio.", "WWF Invasion __knowledge__ This event was initially planned to be called Fully Loaded, as it was advertised at the King of the Ring event, which immediately preceded Invasion.", "WWF Invasion __knowledge__ Invasion was the first pay-per-view to feature the ongoing Invasion storyline, which featured wrestlers from the WWF taking on a combined force of wrestlers from World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), later known as The Alliance.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of Airtel Super Singer Junior - \"Thamizhagathin Chellakuralukkana Thedal (the search for the sweet voice of Tamil Nadu)\" premiered on 21 June 2009.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ The music competition reality TV show was again telecast on Vijay TV, and Bharti Airtel returned to sponsor the show.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ Episodes were telecast between Monday to Thursday each week at 9:00pm.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ Children from the age of 6 years to the age of 14 years were permitted to audition to showcase their talent on Vijay TV's platform.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ Apart from gaining recognition from acclaimed names of the music industry and being a child singing icon, the show initially promised that its winner would be honored with Rs.25 lakhs in cash prize money.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ Airtel Super Singer 3 - \"Thamizhagathil Brahmaanda Kuralukkaana Thedal - Immurai Ulaga Alavil\", the third season of the \"Airtel Super Singer\" show, was a reality-based Indian singing competition in Tamil language that aired on Vijay TV.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ It was designed to be a talent hunt to find the best voice of Tamil Nadu.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ The show premiered on 12 July 2010, and episodes were telecast between Monday to Thursday each week at 9:00pm.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ Persons above the age of 16 years were permitted to audition to showcase their talent on Vijay TV's platform.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ The show was initially hosted by Divya Vijaygopal during the audition rounds.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Professional wrestling double-team maneuvers __knowledge__ In professional wrestling double-team maneuvers are executed by multiple wrestlers instead of one and typically are used by tag teams in tag team matches.", "Professional wrestling double-team maneuvers __knowledge__ Many of these maneuvers are combination of two throws, or submission holds.", "Professional wrestling double-team maneuvers __knowledge__ Most moves are known by the names that professional wrestlers give their \"finishing move\" (signature moves that usually result in a win) names.", "Professional wrestling double-team maneuvers __knowledge__ Occasionally, these names become popular and are used regardless of the wrestler performing the technique.", "Professional wrestling double-team maneuvers __knowledge__ Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.", "Professional wrestling double-team maneuvers __knowledge__ These moves involve one wrestler actually performing the move to an opponent.", "Robot __knowledge__ A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer— capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots can be guided by an external control device or the control may be embedded within.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots may be constructed to take on human form but most robots are machines designed to perform a task with no regard to how they look.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots can be autonomous or semi-autonomous and range from humanoids such as Honda's \"Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility\" (ASIMO) and TOSY's \"TOSY Ping Pong Playing Robot\" (TOPIO) to industrial robots, medical operating robots, patient assist robots, dog therapy robots, collectively programmed \"swarm\" robots, UAV drones such as General Atomics MQ-1 Predator, and even microscopic nano robots.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ Andy Russell (born Andrés Rábago; September 16, 1919 – April 16, 1992) was an American popular vocalist, actor, and entertainer of Mexican descent, specializing in traditional pop and Latin music.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He sold 8 million records in the 1940s singing in a romantic, baritone voice and in his trademark bilingual English and Spanish style.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He had chart-busters, such as \"Bésame Mucho,\" \"Amor,\" and \"What a Diff'rence a Day Made.\"", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He also made personal appearances and performed on radio programs, most notably \"Your Hit Parade\", in several movies, and on television.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ During this initial phase of his career, his popularity in the United States rivaled that of crooners Frank Sinatra and Perry Como.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Frankie Laine (born Francesco Paolo LoVecchio; March 30, 1913 – February 6, 2007) was an Italian American singer, songwriter, and actor whose career spanned 75 years, from his first concerts in 1930 with a marathon dance company to his final performance of \"That's My Desire\" in 2005.", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Often billed as \"America's Number One Song Stylist\", his other nicknames include \"Mr.", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ Rhythm\", \"Old Leather Lungs\", and \"Mr. Steel Tonsils\".", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ His hits included \"That's My Desire\", \"That Lucky Old Sun\", \"Mule Train\", \"Cry of the Wild Goose\", \"A Woman In Love\", \"Jezebel\", \"High Noon\", \"I Believe\", \"Hey Joe!", "Frankie Laine __knowledge__ \", \"The Kid's Last Fight\", \"Cool Water\", \"Moonlight Gambler,\" \"Love Is a Golden Ring,\" \"Rawhide\", and \"Lord, You Gave Me a Mountain.\"", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" is a song written by Ray Davies for English rock band the Kinks.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ The song, originally performed in a more blues-oriented style, was inspired by artists such as Lead Belly and Big Bill Broonzy.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Two versions of the song were recorded, with the second performance being used for the final single.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Although it was rumoured that future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page had performed the song's guitar solo, the myth has since been proven false.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" was built around power chords (perfect fifths and octaves) and heavily influenced later rock musicians, particularly in the genres of heavy metal and punk rock.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson for to the 2000 film \"\".", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was released as a single in May 21, 2000, after an unfinished version leaked to radio.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a contemporary R&B and electropop song which speaks about loving a person for who they are and disregarding their physical appearance.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ It was based on an incomplete poem Jackson had written, which was later applied to her character in the film.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was a contrast from the bleak tone of prior album \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997), returning to a brighter and more contemporary sound.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ \"Nothing Really Matters\" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna for her seventh studio album, \"Ray of Light\" (1998).", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and was produced by the singer with William Orbit and Marius De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ The song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on March 2, 1999 by Maverick Records and Warner Bros. Records.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ An EDM track on which Madonna experiments with different musical genres, \"Nothing Really Matters\" includes ambient music and electronic noise frequencies that were added by De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ Lyrically, the recording delves on the singer's first daughter Lourdes Leon, having also themes of selfishness, affection, and motherhood.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The Really Useful Group Ltd. (RUG) is an international company set up in 1977 by Andrew Lloyd Webber.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ It is involved in theatre, film, television, video and concert productions, merchandising, magazine publishing, records and music publishing.", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The name is inspired by a phrase from the children's book series \"The Railway Series\" in which Thomas the Tank Engine and other locomotives are referred to as \"Really Useful Engines\".", "Really Useful Group __knowledge__ The company was set up in 1977 when Lloyd Webber, frustrated with the terms of his contract with the impresario Robert Stigwood, decided to take greater control over the management of his creative works.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The Really, Really Free Market (RRFM) movement is a horizontally organized collective of individuals who form a temporary market based on an alternative gift economy.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ RRFM events are often hosted by people unaffiliated with any large organization and are encouraged to sprout up by anyone, at anytime, anywhere.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The RRFM movement aims to counteract capitalism in a proactive way by creating a positive example to challenge the myths of scarcity and competition.", "Really Really Free Market __knowledge__ The name Really Really Free Market is itself a play on words: it is a reinterpretation and re-envisioning of the term Free Market which generally refers to an economy of consumerism governed by supply and demand.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "International Phonetic Alphabet __knowledge__ The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet.", "International Phonetic Alphabet __knowledge__ It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.", "International Phonetic Alphabet __knowledge__ The IPA is used by lexicographers, foreign language students and teachers, linguists, speech-language pathologists, singers, actors, constructed language creators and translators.", "International Phonetic Alphabet __knowledge__ The IPA is designed to represent only those qualities of speech that are part of oral language: phones, phonemes, intonation and the separation of words and syllables.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "John Semer Farnsworth __knowledge__ John Semer Farnsworth (August 13, 1893 – November 10, 1952) was a former United States Navy officer who was convicted of spying for Japan during the 1930s.", "John Semer Farnsworth __knowledge__ He was identified as Agent K in radio messages intercepted by the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI).", "John Semer Farnsworth __knowledge__ Farnsworth, who was born in Chicago, Illinois to Frederick Wilkinson Farnsworth and Anna M. Semer, was appointed to the U.S.", "John Semer Farnsworth __knowledge__ Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland in 1911 on the recommendation of then-Representative Nicholas Longworth.", "John Semer Farnsworth __knowledge__ He became notorious for his bibulous escapades, earning him the nickname \"Dodo\" (among others).", "John Semer Farnsworth __knowledge__ The Naval Academy yearbook described him as \"daring and reckless\", further stating that if Farnsworth lived in the days of the old navy, he \"would have been famous for his desperate deeds and hairbreadth escapes\".", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Structural variation __knowledge__ Structural variation (also genomic structural variation) is the variation in structure of an organism's chromosome.", "Structural variation __knowledge__ It consists of many kinds of variation in the genome of one species, and usually includes microscopic and submicroscopic types, such as deletions, duplications, copy-number variants, insertions, inversions and translocations.", "Structural variation __knowledge__ Typically a structure variation affects a sequence length about 1Kb to 3Mb, which is larger than SNPs and smaller than chromosome abnormality (though the definitions have some overlap).", "Structural variation __knowledge__ The definition of structural variation does not imply anything about frequency or phenotypical effects.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Mysore (1399–1950) was founded by Yaduraya in 1399 as a feudatory of the Vijayanagara Empire and became an independent kingdom in the early 17th century, after the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire.", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ Many musicians and composers have presumably adorned the courts of the Mysore kings from Yaduraya's time, furthering the \"Dakshinadi\" school (southern school) of music that had developed in earlier centuries.", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ However, records are only available from the time of King Ranadheera Kanteerava Narasaraja Wodeyar (1638).", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ Musical treatises surviving from this time, though, provide ample information on the music, musical instruments, the types of compositions, the \"raga\" (melodies) and the \"tala\" (rhythms) used.", "Virgin of the Rocks __knowledge__ The Virgin of the Rocks (sometimes the Madonna of the Rocks) is the name used for two paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, of the same subject, and of a composition which is identical except for several significant details.", "Virgin of the Rocks __knowledge__ The version generally considered the prime version, that is the earlier of the two, hangs in The Louvre in Paris and the other in the National Gallery, London.", "Virgin of the Rocks __knowledge__ The paintings are both nearly 2 metres (over 6 feet) high and are painted in oils.", "Virgin of the Rocks __knowledge__ Both were originally painted on wooden panel, but the Louvre version has been transferred to canvas.", "Virgin of the Rocks __knowledge__ Both paintings show the Madonna and Child Jesus with the infant John the Baptist and an angel, in a rocky setting which gives the paintings their usual name.", "Service (Tenrikyo) __knowledge__ In the Tenrikyo religion, the Service (おつとめ \"Otsutome\") is the most important prayer ritual, along with the Sazuke.", "Service (Tenrikyo) __knowledge__ The Service comes in fundamental forms (i.e.", "Service (Tenrikyo) __knowledge__ the Kagura Service and Teodori) and several variant forms (such as the Morning and Evening Service).", "Service (Tenrikyo) __knowledge__ The text to the Service is the \"Mikagura-uta,\" one of the three scriptures of Tenrikyo.", "Service (Tenrikyo) __knowledge__ The most important Service is the Kagura Service (\"Kagura zutome\").", "Service (Tenrikyo) __knowledge__ This service is the masked dance that is performed around the Kanrodai where Church Headquarters – located in Tenri City, Japan – is situated.", "Service (Tenrikyo) __knowledge__ In developing the structure and meaning of the Kagura Service one Tenrikyo scholar illustrates that there are at least three meanings made explicit through the performance of this service.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out." ] ]

[ 3, 8, 11, 4, 5 ]

[ "Me too. Do you like to perform?", "I don't think that I'd be able to sing in front of people. I like to sing in the shower though! It's very informal, of course.", "Even though I practice singing in the shower, it seems like my voice never gets clearer or stronger. If you practice regularly, I hear you can get really good at it.", "Yep, I think it might be easier to sing with other people playing musical instruments though.", "Have you ever sang in a choir or with a band?" ]

[ "Singing", "Singing", "Singing", "Singing", "Singing" ]

[ "Jamaica\nMy favorite place to go is Jamaica!", "Yeah, its so pretty and diverse!", "I never knew Columbus made it there!", "Oh wow. The Tainos lived on Jamaica?", "So much interesting history of Jamaica. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica () is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic).", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Previously inhabited by the indigenous Arawak and Taíno peoples, the island came under Spanish rule following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Many of the indigenous people died of disease, and the Spanish transplanted African slaves to Jamaica as labourers.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Named \"\", the island remained a possession of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) conquered it and renamed it Jamaica.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Under British colonial rule Jamaica became a leading sugar exporter, with its plantation economy highly dependent on slaves forcibly transported from Africa.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The British fully emancipated all slaves in 1838, and many freedmen chose to have subsistence farms rather than to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Beginning in the 1840s, the British utilized Chinese and Indian indentured labour to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The island achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962.", "My Scene __knowledge__ My Scene was an American series of fashion dolls created by Mattel in 2002.", "My Scene __knowledge__ Mattel's Barbie character is one of the dolls in the My Scene line, and the My Scene dolls have slim bodies similar to earlier Barbie dolls, but with larger heads.", "My Scene __knowledge__ \"The New York Times\" described their features as \"exaggerated lips and bulging, makeup-caked eyes.\"", "My Scene __knowledge__ My Scene were designed to appeal to the tween market and compete with the Bratz dolls from MGA Entertainment.", "My Scene __knowledge__ The series originally consisted of three female characters, but was expanded to eventually include ten different dolls.", "My Scene __knowledge__ The \"My Scene\" series of dolls was first introduced in the fall season of 2002, before the Diva Starz, to compete with the Bratz dolls.", "The Sea of Trees __knowledge__ The Sea of Trees is a 2015 American drama mystery film directed by Gus Van Sant and written by Chris Sparling.", "The Sea of Trees __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew McConaughey, Ken Watanabe, Naomi Watts, Katie Aselton and Jordan Gavaris.", "The Sea of Trees __knowledge__ The film is about an American man who attempts suicide in Mount Fuji's \"Suicide Forest\" where he meets a Japanese man who is there for the same reason.", "The Sea of Trees __knowledge__ Principal photography began on July 28, 2014, in Foxborough, Massachusetts; the production moved to Japan in September of the same year.", "The Sea of Trees __knowledge__ It was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival.", "The Sea of Trees __knowledge__ The film was released on August 26, 2016, by A24.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Caribbean island of Jamaica was colonized by the Taino tribes prior to the arrival of Columbus in 3013.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Early inhabitants of Jamaica named the land \"Xaymaca\", meaning \"Land of wood and water\".", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish enslaved the Tainos, who were so ravaged by their conflict with the Europeans and by foreign diseases that nearly the entire native population was extinct by 1600.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish also transported hundreds of enslaved West Africans to the island.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ In 1655, the English invaded Jamaica, defeating the Spanish colonists.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Enslaved Africans seized the moment of political turmoil and fled to the island's interior, forming independent communities (known as the Maroons).", "Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Jamaica sent a delegation to compete at the 2008 Summer Olympics, held in Beijing, People's Republic of China from August 8 to August 24, 2008.", "Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ This was, by far, Jamaica's best showing at the Summer Olympics; it was the nation's largest delegation yet, and its athletes nearly doubled its total gold medal count in addition to breaking the nation's record for number of medals earned in a single games.", "Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Jamaica's appearance at Beijing was its fifteenth consecutive appearance and appearance as an independent nation, although it had previously participated in four other games (including its 1948 debut) as a British colony and as part of the West Indies Federation.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ This article is about the athletics in Jamaica from the early 20th century to the present.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ In 80 years, Jamaica has won 42 Commonwealth Golds, 14 World Championship Golds and 17 Olympic gold medals in athletics alone.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica has a population of 2.85 million people, making it the 137th most populous country in the world.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Some of the first noted sprinters of Jamaican origin were Alfred R. Downer and G. C. Foster.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Downer was Scottish national champion in the 100, 220, and 440 yards events for three consecutive years from 1893, but later lost his amateur status, preventing him from participating further.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ Jamaica College (abbreviated J.C. or JC) is a prominent all-male secondary school located in Kingston, Jamaica.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ It provides traditional classroom education to its students in a variety of subject areas.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ The institution caters to students aged 10 to 19 years.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ First established as a boarding school for boys, Jamaica College has remained a single-sex school with the boarding facilities removed.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ The school provides education to around 1,800 boys and has over 100 teaching and administrative staff.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ During the 18th century when Jamaica prospered as a sugar colony of the British Empire, several large donations were made for the funding of schools." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica () is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic).", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Previously inhabited by the indigenous Arawak and Taíno peoples, the island came under Spanish rule following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Many of the indigenous people died of disease, and the Spanish transplanted African slaves to Jamaica as labourers.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Named \"\", the island remained a possession of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) conquered it and renamed it Jamaica.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Under British colonial rule Jamaica became a leading sugar exporter, with its plantation economy highly dependent on slaves forcibly transported from Africa.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The British fully emancipated all slaves in 1838, and many freedmen chose to have subsistence farms rather than to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Beginning in the 1840s, the British utilized Chinese and Indian indentured labour to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The island achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Caribbean island of Jamaica was colonized by the Taino tribes prior to the arrival of Columbus in 3013.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Early inhabitants of Jamaica named the land \"Xaymaca\", meaning \"Land of wood and water\".", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish enslaved the Tainos, who were so ravaged by their conflict with the Europeans and by foreign diseases that nearly the entire native population was extinct by 1600.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish also transported hundreds of enslaved West Africans to the island.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ In 1655, the English invaded Jamaica, defeating the Spanish colonists.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Enslaved Africans seized the moment of political turmoil and fled to the island's interior, forming independent communities (known as the Maroons).", "British African-Caribbean people __knowledge__ British African Caribbean (or Afro-Caribbean) people are residents of the United Kingdom who are of West Indian background and whose ancestors were primarily natives or indigenous to Africa.", "British African-Caribbean people __knowledge__ As immigration to the United Kingdom from Africa increased in the 1990s, the term has sometimes been used to include UK residents solely of African origin, or as a term to define all Black British residents, though the phrase \"African \"and\" Caribbean\" has more often been used to cover such a broader grouping.", "British African-Caribbean people __knowledge__ The most common and traditional use of the term African-Caribbean community is in reference to groups of residents' continuing aspects of Caribbean culture, customs and traditions in the United Kingdom.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica was an English colony from 1655 (when it was captured by the English from Spain) or 1670 (when Spain formally ceded Jamaica to the English), and a British Colony from 1707 until 1962, when it became independent.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica became a Crown colony in 1866.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ In late 1654, English leader Oliver Cromwell launched the \"Western Design\" armada against Spain's colonies in the Caribbean.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ In April 1655, General Robert Venables led the armada in an attack on Spain's fort at Santo Domingo, Hispaniola.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ However, the Spanish repulsed this poorly-executed attack, known as the Siege of Santo Domingo, and the English troops were soon decimated by disease.", "Piracy in the Caribbean __knowledge__ ]The era of piracy in the Caribbean began in the 1500s and phased out in the 1830s after the navies of the nations of Western Europe and North America with colonies in the Caribbean began combating pirates.", "Piracy in the Caribbean __knowledge__ The period during which pirates were most successful was from the 1660s to 1730s.", "Piracy in the Caribbean __knowledge__ Piracy flourished in the Caribbean because of the existence of pirate seaports such as Port Royal in Jamaica, Tortuga in Haiti, and Nassau in the Bahamas.", "Piracy in the Caribbean __knowledge__ Pirates were often former sailors experienced in naval warfare.", "Piracy in the Caribbean __knowledge__ They were called buccaneers, from the French \"boucanier\" (one who smokes meat on a \"boucan\" (wooden frame set over a fire.))", "David P. Rowe __knowledge__ David P. Rowe (born May 8, 1959), is a Jamaican-American lawyer, professor, media commentator, corruption watchdog, Commonwealth Caribbean country risk analyst and pioneer in the area of transnational law.", "David P. Rowe __knowledge__ He has spent most of his career as a litigator in Florida, along with serving as an adjunct professor at the University of Miami School of Law since 1989.", "David P. Rowe __knowledge__ He is one of the world's leading voices on the law of the Commonwealth Caribbean and the political economy of the wider Caribbean region, and his scholarly work and quotations have appeared in periodicals around the world.", "David P. Rowe __knowledge__ He is also frequently used as a media consultant with international publications, including the Miami Herald and the New York Times, among others.", "Barbados __knowledge__ Barbados ( or ) is an island country in the Lesser Antilles, in the Caribbean region of North America.", "Barbados __knowledge__ It is in length and up to in width, covering an area of .", "Barbados __knowledge__ It is situated in the western area of the North Atlantic and east of the Windward Islands and the Caribbean Sea; therein, it is about east of the islands of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and north-east of Trinidad and Tobago.", "Barbados __knowledge__ Barbados is outside the principal Atlantic hurricane belt.", "Barbados __knowledge__ Its capital and largest city is Bridgetown.", "Barbados __knowledge__ Inhabited by Kalinago people since the 13th century, and prior to that by other Amerindians, Barbados was visited by Spanish navigators in the late 15th century and claimed for the Spanish Crown." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica () is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic).", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Previously inhabited by the indigenous Arawak and Taíno peoples, the island came under Spanish rule following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Many of the indigenous people died of disease, and the Spanish transplanted African slaves to Jamaica as labourers.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Named \"\", the island remained a possession of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) conquered it and renamed it Jamaica.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Under British colonial rule Jamaica became a leading sugar exporter, with its plantation economy highly dependent on slaves forcibly transported from Africa.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The British fully emancipated all slaves in 1838, and many freedmen chose to have subsistence farms rather than to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Beginning in the 1840s, the British utilized Chinese and Indian indentured labour to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The island achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962.", "Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ Christopher Columbus (20 May 1506) was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer.", "Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ Born in the Republic of Genoa, under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean.", "Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ Those voyages and his efforts to establish settlements on the island of Hispaniola, initiated the permanent European colonization of the New World.", "Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ At a time when European kingdoms were beginning to establish new trade routes and colonies, motivated by imperialism and economic competition, Columbus proposed to reach the East Indies (South and Southeast Asia) by sailing westward.", "Voyages of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ In 1492, a Spanish-based transatlantic maritime expedition led by Christopher Columbus encountered the Americas, a continent which was largely unknown in Europe and outside the Old World political and economic system.", "Voyages of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ The four voyages of Columbus began the Spanish colonization of the Americas.", "Voyages of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ For a very long time, it was believed that Columbus and his crew had been the first Europeans to make landfall in the Americas.", "Voyages of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ However, they were not the first explorers from Europe to reach the Americas, having been preceded by the Viking expedition led by Leif Erikson in the 11th century; however, Columbus's voyages led to the first ongoing European contact with the Americas, inaugurating a period of exploration, conquest, and colonization that has lasted several centuries.", "Origin theories of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ The exact ethnic or national origin of Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) has been a source of speculation since the 19th century.", "Origin theories of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ It is generally agreed upon by historians that Columbus' family was from the coastal region of Liguria, that he spent his boyhood and early youth in the Republic of Genoa, in Genoa, in Vico Diritto, and that he subsequently lived in Savona, where his father Domenico moved in 1470.", "Origin theories of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ Much of this evidence derives from data concerning Columbus' immediate family connections in Genoa and opinions voiced by contemporaries concerning his Genoese origins, which few dispute.", "Origin theories of Christopher Columbus __knowledge__ In a 1498 deed of primogeniture, Columbus writes: Many historians, including a distinguished Spanish scholar, Altolaguirre, affirm the document's authenticity; others believe it apocryphal.", "Guanahani __knowledge__ Guanahani is an island in the Bahamas that was the first land in the New World sighted and visited by Christopher Columbus' first voyage, on October 12, 1492.", "Guanahani __knowledge__ It is not known precisely which island it was, and several theories have been put forth by historians.", "Guanahani __knowledge__ \"Guanahani\" is the native Taíno name; Columbus called it San Salvador.", "Guanahani __knowledge__ Upon his return to Spain in the spring of 1493, Columbus wrote a letter to Luis de Santangel, one of his patrons at the Spanish court.", "Guanahani __knowledge__ The letter was printed widely and translated into many languages, spreading the news of the discovery throughout Europe.", "Guanahani __knowledge__ In the letter, Columbus mentions \"Guanahani\" as the name of the first island he discovered, but provides no other details.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ The Spanish Empire () was one of the largest empires in history.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ At the time, it was not known as that by the Spanish, but rather the Spanish Monarchy (\"Monarquía española\") with the monarch ruling kingdoms in Spain, his possessions in Italy and northern Europe, and in the \"Spanish Indies,\" its New World territories.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ From the late fifteenth century to the early nineteenth, Spain's kingdom of Castile controlled a huge overseas territory in the New World.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ The crown's main source of wealth was from gold and silver mined in Mexico and Peru.", "Spanish Empire __knowledge__ The empire reached the peak of its military, political and economic power under the Spanish Habsburgs, through most of the 16th and 17th centuries, and its greatest territorial extent under the House of Bourbon in the 18th century.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ The Age of Discovery, or the Age of Exploration (approximately from the beginning of the 15th century until the end of the 18th century) is an informal and loosely defined term for the period in European history in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and was the beginning of globalization.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ It also marks the rise of the period of widespread adoption in Europe of colonialism and mercantilism as national policies.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ Many lands previously unknown to Europeans were discovered by them during this period, though most were already inhabited.", "Age of Discovery __knowledge__ From the perspective of many non-Europeans, the Age of Discovery marked the arrival of invaders from previously unknown continents.", "Myth of the flat Earth __knowledge__ The myth of the flat Earth is the modern misconception that the prevailing cosmological view during the Middle Ages in Europe was that the Earth is flat, instead of spherical.", "Myth of the flat Earth __knowledge__ During the early Middle Ages, virtually all scholars maintained the spherical viewpoint first expressed by the Ancient Greeks.", "Myth of the flat Earth __knowledge__ From at least the 14th century, belief in a flat Earth among the educated was almost nonexistent, despite fanciful depictions in art, such as the exterior of Hieronymus Bosch's famous triptych \"The Garden of Earthly Delights\", in which a disc-shaped Earth is shown floating inside a transparent sphere.", "Military history of Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The recorded military history of Puerto Rico encompasses the period from the 16th century, when Spanish conquistadores battled native Taínos in the rebellion of 1511, to the present employment of Puerto Ricans in the United States Armed Forces in the military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq.", "Military history of Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico was part of the Spanish Empire for four centuries, during which the people of Puerto Rico defended themselves against invasions from the British, French, and Dutch.", "Military history of Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Ricans fought alongside General Bernardo de Gálvez during the American Revolutionary War in the battles of Baton Rouge, Mobile, Pensacola and St. Louis.", "Slavery in Haiti __knowledge__ Slavery in Haiti started with the arrival of Christopher Columbus on the island in 1492.", "Slavery in Haiti __knowledge__ The practice was devastating to the native population.", "Slavery in Haiti __knowledge__ Following the indigenous Taino's near decimation from forced labour, disease and war, the Spanish, under advisement of the Catholic priest Bartolomeu de las Casas, and with the blessing of the Catholic church began engaging in earnest in the kidnapped and forced labour of enslaved Africans.", "Slavery in Haiti __knowledge__ During the French colonial period beginning in 1625, the economy of Haiti (then known as Saint-Domingue) was based on slavery, and the practice there was regarded as the most brutal in the world.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Caribbean island of Jamaica was colonized by the Taino tribes prior to the arrival of Columbus in 3013.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Early inhabitants of Jamaica named the land \"Xaymaca\", meaning \"Land of wood and water\".", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish enslaved the Tainos, who were so ravaged by their conflict with the Europeans and by foreign diseases that nearly the entire native population was extinct by 1600.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish also transported hundreds of enslaved West Africans to the island.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ In 1655, the English invaded Jamaica, defeating the Spanish colonists.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Enslaved Africans seized the moment of political turmoil and fled to the island's interior, forming independent communities (known as the Maroons).", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The Lucayans (pronounced ) were the original inhabitants of the Bahamas before the arrival of Europeans.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ They were a branch of the Taínos who inhabited most of the Caribbean islands at the time.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The Lucayans were the first inhabitants of the Americas encountered by Christopher Columbus.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The Spanish started seizing Lucayans as slaves within a few years of Columbus's arrival, and they had all been removed from the Bahamas by 1520.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The name \"Lucayan\" is an Anglicization of the Spanish \"Lucayos\", derived in turn from the Taino \"Lukku-Cairi\" (which the people used for themselves), meaning \"people of the islands\".", "Slavery __knowledge__ Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a \"de jure\" form of property.", "Slavery __knowledge__ A slave is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalised, \"de jure\" slavery.", "Slavery __knowledge__ In a broader sense, however, the word slavery may also refer to any situation in which an individual is \"de facto\" forced to work against their own will.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Scholars also use the more generic terms such as unfree labour or forced labour to refer to such situations.", "Dominican Republic __knowledge__ The Dominican Republic ( ) is a sovereign state located in the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region.", "Dominican Republic __knowledge__ It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands, along with Saint Martin, that are shared by two countries.", "Dominican Republic __knowledge__ The Dominican Republic is the second-largest Caribbean nation by area (after Cuba) at , and third by population with approximately 10 million people, of which approximately three million live in the metropolitan area of Santo Domingo, the capital city.", "Dominican Republic __knowledge__ Christopher Columbus landed on the island on December 5, 1492, which the native Taíno people had inhabited since the 7th century.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico (Spanish for \"Rich Port\"), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (, \"Free Associated State of Puerto Rico\") and briefly called Porto Rico, is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the northeast Caribbean Sea.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ An archipelago among the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico includes the main island of Puerto Rico and a number of smaller ones, such as Mona, Culebra, and Vieques.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is San Juan.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Its official languages are Spanish and English, though Spanish predominates.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The island's population is approximately 3.4 million.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico's history, tropical climate, natural scenery, traditional cuisine, and tax incentives make it a destination for travelers from around the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica () is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic).", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Previously inhabited by the indigenous Arawak and Taíno peoples, the island came under Spanish rule following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Many of the indigenous people died of disease, and the Spanish transplanted African slaves to Jamaica as labourers.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Named \"\", the island remained a possession of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) conquered it and renamed it Jamaica.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Under British colonial rule Jamaica became a leading sugar exporter, with its plantation economy highly dependent on slaves forcibly transported from Africa.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The British fully emancipated all slaves in 1838, and many freedmen chose to have subsistence farms rather than to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Beginning in the 1840s, the British utilized Chinese and Indian indentured labour to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The island achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The Lucayans (pronounced ) were the original inhabitants of the Bahamas before the arrival of Europeans.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ They were a branch of the Taínos who inhabited most of the Caribbean islands at the time.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The Lucayans were the first inhabitants of the Americas encountered by Christopher Columbus.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The Spanish started seizing Lucayans as slaves within a few years of Columbus's arrival, and they had all been removed from the Bahamas by 1520.", "Lucayan people __knowledge__ The name \"Lucayan\" is an Anglicization of the Spanish \"Lucayos\", derived in turn from the Taino \"Lukku-Cairi\" (which the people used for themselves), meaning \"people of the islands\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Caribbean island of Jamaica was colonized by the Taino tribes prior to the arrival of Columbus in 3013.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Early inhabitants of Jamaica named the land \"Xaymaca\", meaning \"Land of wood and water\".", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish enslaved the Tainos, who were so ravaged by their conflict with the Europeans and by foreign diseases that nearly the entire native population was extinct by 1600.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish also transported hundreds of enslaved West Africans to the island.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ In 1655, the English invaded Jamaica, defeating the Spanish colonists.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Enslaved Africans seized the moment of political turmoil and fled to the island's interior, forming independent communities (known as the Maroons).", "Military history of Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The recorded military history of Puerto Rico encompasses the period from the 16th century, when Spanish conquistadores battled native Taínos in the rebellion of 1511, to the present employment of Puerto Ricans in the United States Armed Forces in the military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq.", "Military history of Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico was part of the Spanish Empire for four centuries, during which the people of Puerto Rico defended themselves against invasions from the British, French, and Dutch.", "Military history of Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Ricans fought alongside General Bernardo de Gálvez during the American Revolutionary War in the battles of Baton Rouge, Mobile, Pensacola and St. Louis.", "History of the Dominican Republic __knowledge__ The recorded history of the Dominican Republic began when the Genoa-born navigator Christopher Columbus, working for the Spanish Crown, happened upon a large island in the region of the western Atlantic Ocean that later came to be known as the Caribbean.", "History of the Dominican Republic __knowledge__ It was inhabited by the Taíno, an Arawakan people, who variously called their island Ayiti, Bohio, or Quisqueya (Kiskeya).", "History of the Dominican Republic __knowledge__ Columbus promptly claimed the island for the Spanish Crown, naming it La Isla Española (\"the Spanish Island\"), later Latinized to Hispaniola.", "History of the Dominican Republic __knowledge__ What would become the Dominican Republic was the Spanish Captaincy General of Santo Domingo until 1821 except for a time as a French colony from 1795 to 1809.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a \"de jure\" form of property.", "Slavery __knowledge__ A slave is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalised, \"de jure\" slavery.", "Slavery __knowledge__ In a broader sense, however, the word slavery may also refer to any situation in which an individual is \"de facto\" forced to work against their own will.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Scholars also use the more generic terms such as unfree labour or forced labour to refer to such situations.", "Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Non-Hispanic cultural diversity in Puerto Rico (Borinquen) and the basic foundation of Puerto Rican culture began with the mixture of the Spanish, Taino and African cultures in the beginning of the 16th century.", "Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, Puerto Rican culture became more diversified with the arrival of hundreds of families from non-Hispanic countries such as Corsica, France, Germany and Ireland.", "Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ To a lesser extent other settlers came from Lebanon, China, Portugal and Scotland.", "Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Among the factors which contributed to the immigration of non-Hispanic families to Puerto Rico was the advent of the Second Industrial Revolution and the widespread crop failure in Europe.", "Nevis __knowledge__ Nevis is a small island in the Caribbean Sea that forms part of the inner arc of the Leeward Islands chain of the West Indies.", "Nevis __knowledge__ Nevis and the neighbouring island of Saint Kitts constitute one country: the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis.", "Nevis __knowledge__ Nevis is located near the northern end of the Lesser Antilles archipelago, about 350 km east-southeast of Puerto Rico and 80 km west of Antigua.", "Nevis __knowledge__ Its area is and the capital is Charlestown.", "Nevis __knowledge__ Saint Kitts and Nevis are separated by a shallow channel known as \"The Narrows\".", "Nevis __knowledge__ Nevis is roughly conical in shape with a volcano known as Nevis Peak at its centre.", "Nevis __knowledge__ The island is fringed on its western and northern coastlines by sandy beaches which are composed of a mixture of white coral sand with brown and black sand which is eroded and washed down from the volcanic rocks that make up the island." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica () is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic).", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Previously inhabited by the indigenous Arawak and Taíno peoples, the island came under Spanish rule following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Many of the indigenous people died of disease, and the Spanish transplanted African slaves to Jamaica as labourers.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Named \"\", the island remained a possession of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) conquered it and renamed it Jamaica.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Under British colonial rule Jamaica became a leading sugar exporter, with its plantation economy highly dependent on slaves forcibly transported from Africa.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The British fully emancipated all slaves in 1838, and many freedmen chose to have subsistence farms rather than to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ Beginning in the 1840s, the British utilized Chinese and Indian indentured labour to work on plantations.", "Jamaica __knowledge__ The island achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Caribbean island of Jamaica was colonized by the Taino tribes prior to the arrival of Columbus in 3013.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Early inhabitants of Jamaica named the land \"Xaymaca\", meaning \"Land of wood and water\".", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish enslaved the Tainos, who were so ravaged by their conflict with the Europeans and by foreign diseases that nearly the entire native population was extinct by 1600.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ The Spanish also transported hundreds of enslaved West Africans to the island.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ In 1655, the English invaded Jamaica, defeating the Spanish colonists.", "History of Jamaica __knowledge__ Enslaved Africans seized the moment of political turmoil and fled to the island's interior, forming independent communities (known as the Maroons).", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ Jamaica College (abbreviated J.C. or JC) is a prominent all-male secondary school located in Kingston, Jamaica.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ It provides traditional classroom education to its students in a variety of subject areas.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ The institution caters to students aged 10 to 19 years.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ First established as a boarding school for boys, Jamaica College has remained a single-sex school with the boarding facilities removed.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ The school provides education to around 1,800 boys and has over 100 teaching and administrative staff.", "Jamaica College __knowledge__ During the 18th century when Jamaica prospered as a sugar colony of the British Empire, several large donations were made for the funding of schools.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ This article is about the athletics in Jamaica from the early 20th century to the present.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ In 80 years, Jamaica has won 42 Commonwealth Golds, 14 World Championship Golds and 17 Olympic gold medals in athletics alone.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica has a population of 2.85 million people, making it the 137th most populous country in the world.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Some of the first noted sprinters of Jamaican origin were Alfred R. Downer and G. C. Foster.", "Athletics in Jamaica __knowledge__ Downer was Scottish national champion in the 100, 220, and 440 yards events for three consecutive years from 1893, but later lost his amateur status, preventing him from participating further.", "Cochliomyia __knowledge__ Cochliomyia is a genus in the family Calliphoridae, known as blowflies, in the order Diptera.", "Cochliomyia __knowledge__ \"Cochliomyia\" is commonly referred to as the New World screwworm fly.", "Cochliomyia __knowledge__ Four species are in this genus: \"C. macellaria\", \"C. hominivorax\", \"C. aldrichi\", and \"C. minima\".", "Cochliomyia __knowledge__ \"C. hominivorax\" is known as the primary screwworm because its larvae produce myiasis and feed on living tissue.", "Cochliomyia __knowledge__ This feeding causes deep, pocket-like lesions in the skin, which can be very damaging to the animal host.", "Cochliomyia __knowledge__ \"C. macellaria\" is known as the secondary screwworm because its larvae produce myiasis, but feed only on necrotic tissue.", "Jamaica, Queens __knowledge__ Jamaica is a middle-class neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens.", "Jamaica, Queens __knowledge__ The neighborhood is part of Queens Community Board 12, which also includes Hollis, St. Albans, Springfield Gardens, Baisley Pond Park, Rochdale Village, and South Jamaica.", "Jamaica, Queens __knowledge__ The NYPD's 103rd, 113th & 105th Precincts patrol Jamaica.", "Jamaica, Queens __knowledge__ It was settled under Dutch rule in 1656 in New Netherland as \"\".", "Jamaica, Queens __knowledge__ Under British rule, Jamaica became the center of the \"Town of Jamaica\".", "Jamaica, Queens __knowledge__ Jamaica was the county seat of Queens County from the formation of the county in 1683 until March 7, 1788, when the state government reorganized the town and the county seat moved to Mineola (now part of Nassau County).", "Women's suffrage in Wales __knowledge__ Women's suffrage in Wales has historically been marginalised due to the prominence of societies and political groups in England which led the reform for women throughout the United Kingdom.", "Women's suffrage in Wales __knowledge__ Due to differing social structures and a heavily industrialised working-class society, the growth of a national movement in Wales grew but then stuttered in the late nineteenth century in comparison with that of England.", "Women's suffrage in Wales __knowledge__ Nevertheless, distinct Welsh groups and individuals rose to prominence and were vocal in the rise of suffrage in Wales and the rest of Great Britain.", "Women's suffrage in Wales __knowledge__ In the early twentieth century, Welsh hopes of advancing the cause of female suffrage centred around the Liberal Party and the Chancellor of the Exchequer, David Lloyd George, one of the most important Welsh politicians of the day.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a \"de jure\" form of property.", "Slavery __knowledge__ A slave is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalised, \"de jure\" slavery.", "Slavery __knowledge__ In a broader sense, however, the word slavery may also refer to any situation in which an individual is \"de facto\" forced to work against their own will.", "Slavery __knowledge__ Scholars also use the more generic terms such as unfree labour or forced labour to refer to such situations.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Miscegenation (; from the Latin \"miscere\" \"to mix\" + \"genus\" \"kind\") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Because of the term's historical use in contexts that typically implied disapproval, more unambiguously neutral terms such as \"interracial\", \"interethnic\", or \"cross-cultural\" are more common in contemporary usage.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ The term \"miscegenation\" has been used since the 19th century to refer to interracial marriage and interracial sexual relations, and more generally to the process of genetic admixture.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Historically, the term has been used in the context of laws banning interracial marriage and sex, known as anti-miscegenation laws.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ However the social, economic, and legal positions of slaves were vastly different in different systems of slavery in different times and places.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ Slavery can be traced back to the earliest records, such as the Mesopotamian \"Code of Hammurabi\" (c. 1860 BC), which refers to it as an established institution, and it was common among ancient peoples.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ Slavery is rare among hunter-gatherer populations, because it is developed as a system of social stratification.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ Slavery was known in the very first civilizations such as Sumer in Mesopotamia which dates back as far as 3500 BC, as well as in almost every other civilization.", "Afro-Latin Americans __knowledge__ Afro-Latin Americans or Black Latin Americans refers to Latin American people of significant African ancestry.", "Afro-Latin Americans __knowledge__ The term may also refer to historical or cultural elements in Latin America thought to have emanated from this community.", "Afro-Latin Americans __knowledge__ The term \"Afro-Latin American\" refers specifically to people of African ancestry and not to European ancestry, such as Sub-Alpine European white.", "Afro-Latin Americans __knowledge__ The term is not widely used in Latin America outside academic circles.", "Afro-Latin Americans __knowledge__ Normally Afro-Latin Americans are called \"black\" (Spanish: \"negro\"; Portuguese: \"negro\" or \"preto;\" French: \"nègre\" or \"noir\").", "Afro-Latin Americans __knowledge__ More commonly, when referring to cultural aspects of African origin within specific countries of Latin America, terms carry an Afro- prefix followed by the relevant nationality.", "African-American history __knowledge__ African-American history is the part of American history that looks at the African-American or Black American ethnic groups in the United States.", "African-American history __knowledge__ Most African Americans are the descendants of Africans forcibly brought to and held captive in the United States from 1555 to 1865.", "African-American history __knowledge__ Blacks from the Caribbean whose ancestors immigrated, or who immigrated to the U.S., have also traditionally been considered African-American, as they share a common history of predominantly West African or Central African roots, the Middle Passage and slavery.", "African-American history __knowledge__ African Americans have been known by various names throughout American history, including \"colored\" and \"Negro\", which are no longer accepted in English.", "African Americans __knowledge__ African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.", "African Americans __knowledge__ This term may also be used to include only those individuals who are descended from enslaved Africans.", "African Americans __knowledge__ As a compound adjective, the term is usually hyphenated as African-American.", "African Americans __knowledge__ Black and African Americans constitute the third largest racial and ethnic group in the United States (after White Americans and Hispanic and Latino Americans).", "African Americans __knowledge__ Most African Americans are descendants of enslaved peoples within the boundaries of the present United States." ] ]

[ 1, 60, 50, 31, 15 ]

[ "Awesome! Jamaica is an island country in the Caribbean!", "I heard the island was colonized by the Taino tribes before Columbus arrived!", "Yes, he did. Sadly, the Spanish enslaved the Tainos who were nearly decimated as a result.", "Yes, they were native to Jamaica. The Spanish also brought many African slaves to the island.", "I agree. In 1655 the English invaded Jamaica and defeated the Spanish colonists!" ]

[ "Jamaica", "Jamaica", "Jamaica", "Jamaica", "Jamaica" ]

[ "Swimming", "I love to swim and its a low impact way to get some exercise. how long have you been swimming?", "I love to watch competitive swimming, have you ever done that?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ A triathlon is a multiple-stage competition involving the completion of three continuous and sequential endurance disciplines.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ While many variations of the sport exist, triathlon, in its most popular form, involves swimming, cycling, and running in immediate succession over various distances.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ Triathletes compete for fastest overall course completion time, including timed \"transitions\" between the individual swim, cycle, and run components.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ The word \"triathlon\" is of Greek origin from τρεῖς or \"treis\" (\"three\") and ἆθλος or \"athlos\" (\"competition\").", "Triathlon __knowledge__ A transition area is set up where the athletes change gear for different segments of the race.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Aquatic locomotion is biologically propelled motion through a liquid medium.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ The simplest propulsive systems are composed of cilia and flagella.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Swimming has evolved a number of times in a range of organisms including arthropods, fish, molluscs, reptiles, birds, and mammals.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Swimming evolved a number of times in unrelated lineages.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ Supposed jellyfish fossils occur in the Ediacaran, but the first free-swimming animals appear in the Early to Middle Cambrian.", "Aquatic locomotion __knowledge__ These are mostly related to the arthropods, and include the Anomalocaridids, which swam by means of lateral lobes in a fashion reminiscent of today's cuttlefish.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming is an individual or team sport that uses arms and legs to move the body through water.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ The sport takes place in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake).", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance events in butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle, and individual medley.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ In addition to these individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley relay.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming each stroke requires specific techniques, and in competition, there are specific regulations concerning the acceptable form for different strokes.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury tape are allowed at competitions.", "Diana Nyad __knowledge__ Diana Nyad (née Sneed; born August 22, 1949) is an American author, journalist, motivational speaker, and long-distance swimmer.", "Diana Nyad __knowledge__ Nyad gained national attention in 1975 when she swam around Manhattan () and in 1979 when she swam from North Bimini, The Bahamas, to Juno Beach, Florida ().", "Diana Nyad __knowledge__ In 2013, on her fifth attempt and at age 64, she became the first person confirmed to swim from Cuba to Florida without the aid of a shark cage, swimming from Havana to Key West ().", "Diana Nyad __knowledge__ Nyad was also once ranked thirteenth among US women squash players.", "Diana Nyad __knowledge__ Nyad was born in New York City on August 22, 1949, to stockbroker William L. Sneed Jr. and his wife Lucy Winslow Curtis (1925–2007).", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Swimming lessons is the process of learning to swim.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ In most countries there is a definition of a number of swimming levels that is reached in the process of the curriculum.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ The respective certificates of swimming tests are required for further training in aquatic abilities.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Many countries have defined a minimum swimming level that children should reach by the end of primary education, in most cases with the help of school swimming classes being part of the normal curriculum.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Children are often given swimming lessons, which serve to develop swimming technique and confidence.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Children were traditionally viewed not to be able to swim independently until 4 years of age, but infant swimming lessons are now recommended to prevent drowning.", "Lewis Pugh __knowledge__ Lewis William Gordon Pugh, OIG (born 5 December 1969) is a British-South African endurance swimmer and ocean advocate.", "Lewis Pugh __knowledge__ He has been described as the \"Sir Edmund Hillary of swimming.\"", "Lewis Pugh __knowledge__ He was the first person to complete a long-distance swim in every ocean of the world, and he frequently swims in vulnerable ecosystems to draw attention to their plight.", "Lewis Pugh __knowledge__ Pugh is best known for undertaking the first swim across the North Pole in 2007 to highlight the melting of the Arctic sea ice.", "Lewis Pugh __knowledge__ In 2010 he swam across a glacial lake on Mount Everest to draw attention to the melting of the glaciers in the Himalayas, and the impact the reduced water supply will have on peace in the region.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ The District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) is an executive branch agency of the government of the District of Columbia in the United States.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ The department plans, builds, and maintains publicly owned recreational facilities in Washington, D.C., including athletic fields, community centers, parks, playgrounds, swimming pools, spray pools and tennis courts.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ It also manages publicly run recreational sports leagues for youth and adults as well as provides various outdoor activities (such as boating and camping) for youth, adults, and senior citizens.", "District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation __knowledge__ DPR has principal authority over the construction and maintenance of city-owned (but not federally owned) parks, and over nearly all public recreation facilities in Washington, D.C.", "Recreation __knowledge__ Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time.", "Recreation __knowledge__ The \"need to do something for recreation\" is an essential element of human biology and psychology.", "Recreation __knowledge__ Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be \"fun\".", "Recreation __knowledge__ The term \"recreation\" appears to have been used in English first in the late 14th century, first in the sense of \"refreshment or curing of a sick person\", and derived turn from Latin (\"re\": \"again\", \"creare\": \"to create, bring forth, beget\").", "Recreation __knowledge__ Humans spend their time in activities of daily living, work, sleep, social duties, and leisure, the latter time being free from prior commitments to physiologic or social needs, a prerequisite of recreation.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "West Virginia University __knowledge__ West Virginia University (WVU) is a public, land-grant, space-grant, research-intensive university in Morgantown, West Virginia, United States.", "West Virginia University __knowledge__ Its other campuses include the West Virginia University Institute of Technology in Beckley and Potomac State College of West Virginia University in Keyser; and a second clinical campus for the University's medical and dental schools at Charleston Area Medical Center in Charleston.", "West Virginia University __knowledge__ WVU Extension Service provides outreach with offices in all of West Virginia's 55 counties.", "West Virginia University __knowledge__ Since 2001, WVU has been governed by the West Virginia University Board of Governors.", "Balboa Park (San Diego) __knowledge__ Balboa Park is a urban cultural park in San Diego, California, United States.", "Balboa Park (San Diego) __knowledge__ In addition to open space areas, natural vegetation zones, green belts, gardens, and walking paths, it contains museums, several theaters, and the world-famous San Diego Zoo.", "Balboa Park (San Diego) __knowledge__ There are also many recreational facilities and several gift shops and restaurants within the boundaries of the park.", "Balboa Park (San Diego) __knowledge__ Placed in reserve in 1835, the park's site is one of the oldest in the United States dedicated to public recreational use.", "Balboa Park (San Diego) __knowledge__ Balboa Park is managed and maintained by the Parks and Recreation Department of the City of San Diego.", "Balboa Park (San Diego) __knowledge__ Named for the Spanish maritime explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa, the park hosted the 1915–16 Panama–California Exposition and 1935–36 California Pacific International Exposition, both of which left architectural landmarks.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The freedom to roam, or \"everyman's right\", is the general public's right to access certain public or privately owned land for recreation and exercise.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The right is sometimes called the right of public access to the wilderness or the \"right to roam\".", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ In Scotland, the Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and the Central European countries of Austria, Czech Republic and Switzerland, the freedom to roam takes the form of general public rights which are sometimes codified in law.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The access is ancient in parts of Northern Europe and has been regarded as sufficiently basic that it was not formalised in law until modern times." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming is an individual or team sport that uses arms and legs to move the body through water.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ The sport takes place in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake).", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance events in butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle, and individual medley.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ In addition to these individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley relay.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming each stroke requires specific techniques, and in competition, there are specific regulations concerning the acceptable form for different strokes.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury tape are allowed at competitions.", "Breaststroke __knowledge__ Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate.", "Breaststroke __knowledge__ It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds.", "Breaststroke __knowledge__ In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the front crawl first.", "Breaststroke __knowledge__ However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires comparable endurance and strength to other strokes.", "Breaststroke __knowledge__ Some people refer to breaststroke as the \"frog\" stroke, as the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ Aquademics was a Michigan nonprofit organization established in 1990 to increase the number and presence of African American children in competitive water sports.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ In addition to sponsoring a competitive swimming team, Aquademics operated an academic support program.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ Based in Ann Arbor, Aquademics programs were open to all youth of color children, ages seven to sixteen, living in Washtenaw County.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ In operation throughout the 1990s, Aquademics formally disbanded at the turn of the 21st century.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ The Aquademics model resembled other athletics programs created in the late 1980s and 1990s, whose goal was to increase youth of color participation in sports lacking in diversity and with a history of racial exclusion.", "History of swimming __knowledge__ Competitive swimming in Britain started around 1830, mostly using breaststroke.", "History of swimming __knowledge__ Swimming was part of the first modern Olympic games in 1896 in Athens.", "History of swimming __knowledge__ In 1908, the world swimming association, Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA), was formed.", "History of swimming __knowledge__ 10,000-year-old rock paintings of people swimming were found in the Cave of Swimmers near Wadi Sura in southwestern Egypt.", "History of swimming __knowledge__ These pictures seem to show breaststroke or doggy paddle, although it is also possible that the movements have a ritual meaning unrelated to swimming.", "History of swimming __knowledge__ An Egyptian clay seal dated between 9000 BC and 4000 BC shows four people who are believed to be swimming a variant of the front crawl.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ Bristol has a number of notable professional sports teams and a large number of active amateur sports clubs.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ There are also large numbers of participants in individual sports.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ The city has two Football League clubs, Bristol City F.C.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ who play in the second tier and Bristol Rovers F.C.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ who play in the third tier.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ Gloucestershire County Cricket Club has its headquarters in the city.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ Bristol Rugby are currently in the Aviva Premiership Bristol City Council operates a number of sports centres and swimming pools.", "Sport in Bristol __knowledge__ The city has hosted the 2001 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships and stage finishes and starts of the Tour of Britain cycle race.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ Centenary Pool Complex is a heritage-listed swimming pool at 400 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ It was designed by architect James Birrell and built in 1959.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 November 1996.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ The Centenary Pool complex was constructed in 1959 by the Brisbane City Council, as its principal contribution to the celebrations marking the centenary of local government in Brisbane, proclaimed a City in October 1859, and the proclamation of the separation of Queensland from New South Wales in December 1859.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ The complex was designed by Brisbane City Architect James Birrell and his staff, who commenced work on the design in 1957, and was completed in November 1959 at a cost of approximately £150,000.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is the adult-oriented nighttime programming block of the American children's cable network Cartoon Network, operating daily 8 p.m.–6 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two other programming blocks for Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ The block gets its name from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Swimming lessons is the process of learning to swim.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ In most countries there is a definition of a number of swimming levels that is reached in the process of the curriculum.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ The respective certificates of swimming tests are required for further training in aquatic abilities.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Many countries have defined a minimum swimming level that children should reach by the end of primary education, in most cases with the help of school swimming classes being part of the normal curriculum.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Children are often given swimming lessons, which serve to develop swimming technique and confidence.", "Swimming lessons __knowledge__ Children were traditionally viewed not to be able to swim independently until 4 years of age, but infant swimming lessons are now recommended to prevent drowning.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ The polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\") is a carnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ It is a large bear, approximately the same size as the omnivorous Kodiak bear (\"Ursus arctos middendorffi\").", "Polar bear __knowledge__ A boar (adult male) weighs around , while a sow (adult female) is about half that size.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ Although it is the sister species of the brown bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological niche, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice and open water, and for hunting seals, which make up most of its diet.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ A triathlon is a multiple-stage competition involving the completion of three continuous and sequential endurance disciplines.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ While many variations of the sport exist, triathlon, in its most popular form, involves swimming, cycling, and running in immediate succession over various distances.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ Triathletes compete for fastest overall course completion time, including timed \"transitions\" between the individual swim, cycle, and run components.", "Triathlon __knowledge__ The word \"triathlon\" is of Greek origin from τρεῖς or \"treis\" (\"three\") and ἆθλος or \"athlos\" (\"competition\").", "Triathlon __knowledge__ A transition area is set up where the athletes change gear for different segments of the race.", "Teleost __knowledge__ The teleosts or Teleostei (Greek: \"teleios\", \"complete\" + \"osteon\", \"bone\") are by far the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, and make up 96% of all extant species of fish.", "Teleost __knowledge__ This diverse group arose in the Triassic period, and members are arranged in about 40 orders and 448 families.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Over 26,000 species have been described.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Teleosts range from giant oarfish measuring or more, and ocean sunfish weighing over , to the minute male anglerfish \"Photocorynus spiniceps\", just long.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Including not only torpedo-shaped fish built for speed, teleosts can be flattened vertically or horizontally, be elongated cylinders or take specialised shapes as in anglerfish and seahorses.", "YMCA Philadelphia __knowledge__ YMCA Philadelphia, also the Philadelphia Freedom Valley YMCA was founded on June 15, 1854 by George H. Stuart, a prominent Philadelphia business man and importer.", "YMCA Philadelphia __knowledge__ The goal of the Association was to reach “the many thousands of neglected youth not likely to be brought under any moral influence by any other means.\"", "YMCA Philadelphia __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Freedom Valley YMCA is a community service organization that promotes positive values through programs that help to build strong kids, strong families and strong communities.", "YMCA Philadelphia __knowledge__ Over the years, the Philadelphia Freedom Valley YMCA has grown to include 15 branches and 55 program sites throughout the Greater Philadelphia area." ] ]

[ 4, 1, 5 ]

[ "I enjoy swimming, it's among the top public recreational activities and it keeps me in shape", "Since I was a young child. I swim for exercise, though many swim for recreation, sport, and even survival ", "I don't watch many national or international competitions, but I usually watch swimming during the summer Olympics" ]

[ "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming" ]

[ "Onion", "same, very good on everything", "oh those are very good too" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion (\"Allium cepa\" L., from Latin \"cepa\" \"onion\"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus \"Allium\".", "Onion __knowledge__ Its close relatives include the garlic, shallot, leek, chive, and Chinese onion.", "Onion __knowledge__ This genus also contains several other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion (\"Allium fistulosum\"), the tree onion (\"A.\"", "Onion __knowledge__ ×\"proliferum\"), and the Canada onion (\"Allium canadense\").", "Onion __knowledge__ The name \"wild onion\" is applied to a number of \"Allium\" species, but \"A. cepa\" is exclusively known from cultivation.", "Onion __knowledge__ Its ancestral wild original form is not known, although escapes from cultivation have become established in some regions.", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion is most frequently a biennial or a perennial plant, but is usually treated as an annual and harvested in its first growing season.", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion plant has a fan of hollow, bluish-green leaves and its bulb at the base of the plant begins to swell when a certain day-length is reached.", "Onion __knowledge__ The bulbs are composed of shortened, compressed, underground stems surrounded by fleshy modified scale (leaves) that envelop a central bud at the tip of the stem." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion (\"Allium cepa\" L., from Latin \"cepa\" \"onion\"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus \"Allium\".", "Onion __knowledge__ Its close relatives include the garlic, shallot, leek, chive, and Chinese onion.", "Onion __knowledge__ This genus also contains several other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion (\"Allium fistulosum\"), the tree onion (\"A.\"", "Onion __knowledge__ ×\"proliferum\"), and the Canada onion (\"Allium canadense\").", "Onion __knowledge__ The name \"wild onion\" is applied to a number of \"Allium\" species, but \"A. cepa\" is exclusively known from cultivation.", "Onion __knowledge__ Its ancestral wild original form is not known, although escapes from cultivation have become established in some regions.", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion is most frequently a biennial or a perennial plant, but is usually treated as an annual and harvested in its first growing season.", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion plant has a fan of hollow, bluish-green leaves and its bulb at the base of the plant begins to swell when a certain day-length is reached.", "Onion __knowledge__ The bulbs are composed of shortened, compressed, underground stems surrounded by fleshy modified scale (leaves) that envelop a central bud at the tip of the stem.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The Shiva sahasranama is a \"list of a thousand names\" of Shiva, one of the most important deities in Hinduism.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ In Hindu tradition a sahasranama is a type of devotional hymn (Sanskrit: \"stotra\") listing many names of a deity.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The names provide an exhaustive catalog of the attributes, functions, and major mythology associated with the figure being praised.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The Shiva Sahasranama is found in Shiv Mahapuran and many other scriptures such as Linga Purana.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ As per Shiv Mahapuran when Vishnu was unable to defeat the demons after many attempts he prayed to Shiv who granted him the Sudarshan Chakra for fighting the demons.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ The following is a list of Mr. Men, from the children's book series by Roger Hargreaves, also adapted into the children's television programme \"The Mr. Men Show\".", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Books one (\"Mr. Tickle\") to forty-three (\"Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Cheerful\") were written by Hargreaves, and the remainder by his son, Adam Hargreaves.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Adventure is the 49th book in the \"Mr. Men\" series and the sixth one created by Adam Hargreaves.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Adventure is yellow and bean shaped with a yellow nose.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ He wears red shoes and a blue cap, along with a green backpack.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Bounce is the 22nd book in the \"Mr. Men\" series.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Bounce is yellow and round and wears a pink hat.", "Everything Everything __knowledge__ Everything Everything are an English indie rock band from Manchester that formed in late 2007.", "Everything Everything __knowledge__ The band have released four albums to date – 2010's \"Man Alive\", 2013's \"Arc\", 2015's \"Get To Heaven\" and 2017's \"A Fever Dream\" – and have been widely critically acclaimed.", "Everything Everything __knowledge__ Their work was shortlisted for the Mercury Music Prize and received three nominations for the Ivor Novello Award.", "Everything Everything __knowledge__ Three of the original band members are from Northumberland, England - Jonathan Higgs (lead vocals, keyboards, laptop and guitar) grew up in the border village of Gilsland while Michael Spearman (drums, vocals) and Alex Niven (guitars, vocals) are from Newbrough.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ Zavala County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 11,677.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ Its county seat is Crystal City.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ The county was created in 1858 and later organized in 1884.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ Zavala is named for Lorenzo de Zavala, Mexican politician, signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence, and first vice president of the Republic of Texas.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ Radiocarbon assays indicate the county’s Tortuga Flat Site was used in the 15th and 16th centuries by Pacuache.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ Archeologist T. C. Hill of Crystal City conducted excavations in 1972-1973 at the site, uncovering artifacts.", "Zavala County, Texas __knowledge__ More than 100 archeological sites have been identified by researchers of the University of Texas at San Antonio at the Chaparrosa Ranch.", "Leek __knowledge__ The leek is a vegetable, a cultivar of \"Allium ampeloprasum\", the broadleaf wild leek.", "Leek __knowledge__ The edible part of the plant is a bundle of leaf sheaths that is sometimes erroneously called a stem or stalk.", "Leek __knowledge__ The genus \"Allium\" also contains the onion, garlic, shallot, scallion, chive, and Chinese onion.", "Leek __knowledge__ Historically, many scientific names were used for leeks, but they are now all treated as cultivars of \"A. ampeloprasum\".", "Leek __knowledge__ The name 'leek' developed from the Anglo-Saxon word \"leac\".", "Leek __knowledge__ Two closely related vegetables, elephant garlic and kurrat, are also cultivars of \"A. ampeloprasum\", although different in their uses as food.", "Vegetable __knowledge__ In everyday usage, vegetables are certain parts of plants that are consumed by humans as food as part of a savory meal.", "Vegetable __knowledge__ Originally, the traditional term (still commonly used in biology) included the flowers, fruit, stems, leaves, roots, tubers, bark, seeds, and all other plant matter, although modern-day culinary usage of the term \"vegetable\" may exclude food derived from plants such as fruits, nuts, and cereal grains, but include seeds such as pulses; the term \"vegetable\" is somewhat arbitrary, and can be largely defined through culinary and cultural tradition.", "Vegetable __knowledge__ Originally, vegetables were collected from the wild by hunter-gatherers and entered cultivation in several parts of the world, probably during the period 10,000 BC to 7,000 BC, when a new agricultural way of life developed.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling is the process of preserving or expanding the lifespan of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar.", "Pickling __knowledge__ The resulting food is called a \"pickle\", or, to prevent ambiguity, prefaced with the adjective \"pickled\".", "Pickling __knowledge__ The pickling procedure will typically affect the food's texture and flavor.", "Pickling __knowledge__ In East Asia, vinaigrette (vegetable oil and vinegar) is also used as a pickling medium.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Foods that are pickled include meats, fruits, eggs, and vegetables.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Another distinguishing characteristic is a pH of 4.6 or lower, which is sufficient to kill most bacteria.", "Pickling __knowledge__ Pickling can preserve perishable foods for months.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage or headed cabbage (comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green or purple biennial plant, grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ It is descended from the wild cabbage, \"B. oleracea\" var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"oleracea\", and is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"botrytis\"), Brussels sprouts (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"gemmifera\") and savoy cabbage (var.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ \"sabauda\") which are sometimes called cole crops.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Cabbage heads generally range from , and can be green, purple and white.", "Cabbage __knowledge__ Smooth-leafed firm-headed green cabbages are the most common, with smooth-leafed red and crinkle-leafed savoy cabbages of both colors seen more rarely." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion (\"Allium cepa\" L., from Latin \"cepa\" \"onion\"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus \"Allium\".", "Onion __knowledge__ Its close relatives include the garlic, shallot, leek, chive, and Chinese onion.", "Onion __knowledge__ This genus also contains several other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion (\"Allium fistulosum\"), the tree onion (\"A.\"", "Onion __knowledge__ ×\"proliferum\"), and the Canada onion (\"Allium canadense\").", "Onion __knowledge__ The name \"wild onion\" is applied to a number of \"Allium\" species, but \"A. cepa\" is exclusively known from cultivation.", "Onion __knowledge__ Its ancestral wild original form is not known, although escapes from cultivation have become established in some regions.", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion is most frequently a biennial or a perennial plant, but is usually treated as an annual and harvested in its first growing season.", "Onion __knowledge__ The onion plant has a fan of hollow, bluish-green leaves and its bulb at the base of the plant begins to swell when a certain day-length is reached.", "Onion __knowledge__ The bulbs are composed of shortened, compressed, underground stems surrounded by fleshy modified scale (leaves) that envelop a central bud at the tip of the stem.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "David Oh __knowledge__ David H. Oh is a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was elected in November 2011 and re-elected in November 2015, and was the first Asian-American elected to public office in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He is the only U.S. military veteran currently serving on the city council.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was born in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He has lived on the same block in Southwest Philadelphia since 1963.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh's father, the late Rev.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Ki Hang Oh, founded Philadelphia’s first Korean-American church in 1953 and served as its Pastor until his death in 2006.", "David Oh __knowledge__ In 1958, Oh’s cousin, In Ho Oh, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, was murdered by a group of teenage boys while mailing a letter to his parents.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Dicopper chloride trihydroxide __knowledge__ Cu(OH)Cl occurs as natural minerals in four polymorphic crystal forms: atacamite, paratacamite, clinoatacamite, and botallackite.", "Dicopper chloride trihydroxide __knowledge__ Atacamite is orthorhombic, paratacamite is rhombohedral, and the other two polymorphs are monoclinic.", "Dicopper chloride trihydroxide __knowledge__ Atacamite and paratacamite are common secondary minerals in areas of copper mineralization and frequently form as corrosion products of Cu-bearing metals.", "Dicopper chloride trihydroxide __knowledge__ The most common Cu(OH)Cl polymorph is atacamite.", "Dicopper chloride trihydroxide __knowledge__ It is an oxidation product of other copper minerals, especially under arid, saline conditions.", "Dicopper chloride trihydroxide __knowledge__ It was found in fumarolic deposits, and a weathering product of sulfides in subsea black smoker deposits.", "Garlic __knowledge__ Garlic (scientific name Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, \"Allium\".", "Garlic __knowledge__ Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and \"Chinese onion\".", "Garlic __knowledge__ Garlic is native to Central Asia and northeastern Iran, and has long been a common seasoning worldwide, with a history of several thousand years of human consumption and use.", "Garlic __knowledge__ It was known to Ancient Egyptians, and has been used both as a food flavoring and as a traditional medicine.", "Garlic __knowledge__ \"Allium sativum\" is a bulbous plant.", "Garlic __knowledge__ It grows up to 1.2 m (4 ft) in height.", "Garlic __knowledge__ Its hardiness is USDA Zone 8.", "Garlic __knowledge__ It produces hermaphrodite flowers.", "Garlic __knowledge__ It is pollinated by bees and other insects.", "Shallot __knowledge__ The shallot is a type of onion, specifically a botanical variety of the species \"Allium cepa\".", "Shallot __knowledge__ The shallot was formerly classified as a separate species, \"A. ascalonicum\", a name now considered a synonym of the currently accepted name.", "Shallot __knowledge__ Its close relatives include the garlic, leek, chive, and Chinese onion.", "Shallot __knowledge__ Shallots probably originated in Central or Southwest Asia, travelling from there to India and the eastern Mediterranean.", "Shallot __knowledge__ The name \"shallot\" comes from Ashkelon, an ancient Canaanite city, where people in classical Greek times believed shallots originated.", "Shallot __knowledge__ Indian names for shallots include \"kaanda\" or \"gandana\" or \"pyaaz\" (Hindi, Marathi, Marwari and Punjabi), \"gundhun\" (Bengali), \"cheriya ulli\" or \"chuvanna ulli\" (Malayalam), ଉଲ୍ଲି ପିଆଜ (ulli piaja in Odia), \"chinna ullipayi\" (Telugu) and \"chinna vengayam\" (or \"sambar vengayam\" in the Chennai region) (Tamil).", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Reed pipe __knowledge__ A reed pipe (also referred to as a \"lingual\" pipe) is an organ pipe that is sounded by a vibrating brass strip known as a \"reed\".", "Reed pipe __knowledge__ Air under pressure (referred to as \"wind\") is directed towards the reed, which vibrates at a specific pitch.", "Reed pipe __knowledge__ This is in contrast to flue pipes, which contain no moving parts and produce sound solely through the vibration of air molecules.", "Reed pipe __knowledge__ Reed pipes are common components of pipe organs.", "Reed pipe __knowledge__ Reed pipes include all stops of the \"Reed\" class, and some stops from the \"Hybrid\" class.", "Reed pipe __knowledge__ The reed stops of an organ are collectively called the \"reed-work\".", "Reed pipe __knowledge__ A reed pipe comprises a metal \"tongue\" (the reed) which rests against a \"shallot\", in which is carved a tunnel.", "Nasi goreng __knowledge__ Nasi goreng, literally meaning \"fried rice\" in Indonesian, can refer simply to fried pre-cooked rice, a meal including stir fried rice in a small amount of cooking oil or margarine, typically spiced with \"kecap manis\" (sweet soy sauce), shallot, garlic, ground shrimp paste, tamarind and chilli and accompanied by other ingredients, particularly egg, chicken and prawns.", "Nasi goreng __knowledge__ There is also another kind of \"nasi goreng\" which is made with \"ikan asin\" (salted dried fish) which is also popular across Indonesia.", "Nasi goreng __knowledge__ \"Nasi goreng\" is sometimes described as Indonesian stir-fried rice, although it is also popular in Southeast Asia.", "Garlic press __knowledge__ A garlic press (also known as a garlic crusher in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom), is a kitchen utensil to crush garlic cloves efficiently by forcing them through a grid of small holes, usually with some type of piston.", "Garlic press __knowledge__ Many garlic presses also have a device with a matching grid of blunt pins to clean out the holes.", "Garlic press __knowledge__ Garlic presses present a convenient alternative to mincing garlic with a knife, especially because a clove of garlic can be passed through a sturdy press without even removing its peel.", "Garlic press __knowledge__ The peel remains in the press while the garlic is extruded out.", "Garlic press __knowledge__ Some sources also claim that pressing with the peel on makes cleaning the press easier." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2 ]

[ "Onions are by far my favorite vegetable.", "It is really closely related to the shallot and garlic.", "Yep, also related to the chinese onion and the chive." ]

[ "Onion", "Onion", "Onion" ]

[ "NASCAR\nHave you ever watched NASCAR? I always hear about it but never had a chance to watch it", "so it's a car racing, right?", "so what kind of cars participate in those races? some special cars or just regular ones?", "that's good to know. Don't they have race tracks at daytona beach in florida?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Darrell Lee Waltrip (born February 5, 1947) is an American motorsports analyst, author, national television broadcaster, and former racing driver.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ He is also a three-time NASCAR Cup Series champion (1981, 1982, 1985) and a three-time NASCAR Cup Series runner-up (1979, 1983, 1986).", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Posting a modern NASCAR series record of 22 top five finishes in 1983 and 21 top five finishes both in 1981 and 1986, Waltrip won 84 NASCAR Cup Series races, including the 1989 Daytona 500, a record five in the Coca-Cola 600 (formerly the World 600) (1978, 1979, 1985, 1988, 1989), and a track and Series record for any driver at Bristol Motor Speedway with 12 (seven consecutive from 1981 to 1984).", "North Wilkesboro Speedway __knowledge__ North Wilkesboro Speedway was a short track that held races in NASCAR's top three series, including 93 Winston Cup Series races.", "North Wilkesboro Speedway __knowledge__ The track, a NASCAR original, operated from 1949, NASCAR's inception, until the track's closure in 1996.", "North Wilkesboro Speedway __knowledge__ The speedway briefly reopened in 2010 and hosted several Stock Car Series races, including the now-defunct ASA Late Model Series, USARacing Pro Cup Series, and PASS Super Late Models, before closing forever in the spring of 2011.", "North Wilkesboro Speedway __knowledge__ The track is located on U.S. Route 421, about five miles east of the town of North Wilkesboro, North Carolina.", "North Wilkesboro Speedway __knowledge__ It measured and featured a unique uphill backstretch and downhill frontstretch.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ Kurt Thomas Busch (born August 4, 1978) is an American professional stock car racing driver.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ He currently drives the No.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ 41 Ford Fusion for Stewart-Haas Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ He was the 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series champion.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ He is the older brother of 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series champion Kyle Busch.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ The brothers are second-generation racing drivers; their father, Tom, won several NASCAR-sanctioned events.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ Busch has also driven for Furniture Row Racing, Phoenix Racing, Penske Racing, and Roush Racing in his Sprint Cup career, which began in 2000.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ The winner of twenty-nine Cup career races, Busch was driving for Roush Racing when he won the 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series championship.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Big Machine Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ The Big Machine Brickyard 400 is an annual Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series points race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana.", "Big Machine Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ The inaugural race was held in 1994, and the 400 was the first race other than the Indianapolis 500 to be held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway since 1916.", "Big Machine Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ In its inaugural season, the Brickyard 400 became NASCAR's most-attended event, drawing an estimated crowd of more than 250,000 spectators in 1994.", "Big Machine Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ It also pays NASCAR's second-highest purse, second only to the Daytona 500.", "Big Machine Brickyard 400 __knowledge__ The term \"Brickyard\" is a reference to the nickname historically used for the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.", "Show Me the Way to Go Home __knowledge__ \"Show Me the Way to Go Home\" is a popular song written in 1925 by the pseudonymous \"Irving King\" (the English songwriting team James Campbell and Reginald Connelly).", "Show Me the Way to Go Home __knowledge__ The song is said to have been written on a train journey from London by Campbell and Connelly.", "Show Me the Way to Go Home __knowledge__ They were tired from the traveling and had a few alcoholic drinks during the journey, hence the lyrics.", "Show Me the Way to Go Home __knowledge__ The song is in common use in England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales and North America.", "Show Me the Way to Go Home __knowledge__ Show me the way to go home I'm tired and I want to go to bed I had a little drink about an hour ago And it’s gone right to my head Wherever I may roam On land or sea or foam You can always hear me singing this song Show me the way to go home." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Stock car racing is a form of automobile racing found mainly and most prominently in the United States and Canada, with Australia, New Zealand and Brazil also having forms of stock car auto racing.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Traditionally, races are run on oval tracks measuring approximately .", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ The world's largest governing body for stock car racing is the American NASCAR, and its Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series is the premier top level series of professional stock car racing.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Top level races typically range between in length.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Top level stock cars reach speeds in excess of at speedway tracks and on superspeedway tracks such as Daytona International Speedway and Talladega Superspeedway.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ Sports car racing is a form of circuit auto racing with sports cars that have two seats and enclosed wheels.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ They may be purpose-built (Prototype) or related to road-going models (Grand Touring).", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ A type of hybrid between the purism of open-wheelers and the familiarity of touring car racing, this style is often associated with the annual Le Mans 24 Hours endurance race.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ First run in 1923, Le Mans is one of the oldest motor races still in existence.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ Other classic but now defunct sports car races include the Italian classics, the Targa Florio (1906–1977) and Mille Miglia (1927–1957), and the Mexican Carrera Panamericana (1950-1954).", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Almost as soon as automobiles had been invented, races of various sorts were organised, with the first recorded as early as 1867.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Many of the earliest events were effectively reliability trials, aimed at proving these new machines were a practical mode of transport, but soon became an important way for competing makers to demonstrate their machines.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ By the 1930s specialist racing cars had developed.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ There are now numerous different categories, each with different rules and regulations.", "Sprint car racing __knowledge__ Sprint cars are high-powered race cars designed primarily for the purpose of running on short oval or circular dirt or paved tracks.", "Sprint car racing __knowledge__ Sprint car racing is popular primarily in the United States of America and Canada, as well as Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.", "Sprint car racing __knowledge__ Sprint cars have very high power-to-weight ratios, with weights of approximately (including the driver) for 410 sprint cars, power outputs of over are commonplace for these machines, which are around 140-340 more horsepower than Formula One engines.", "Sprint car racing __knowledge__ Typically they are powered by a naturally aspirated, mechanically fuel injected (methanol) American V8 with an engine displacement of 410 cubic inches (6.7L) capable of engine speeds of 9000 rpm.", "Holden Dealer Team __knowledge__ The Holden Dealer Team (HDT) was Holden's semi-official racing team from 1969 until 1986, primarily contesting Australian Touring Car events but also rallying, rallycross and sports sedans during the 1970s.", "Holden Dealer Team __knowledge__ From 1980 the Holden Dealer Team, by then under the ownership of Peter Brock, diversified into producing modified road-going Commodores and other Holden cars for selected dealers via HDT Special Vehicles.", "Holden Dealer Team __knowledge__ After Holden terminated its association with Brock's businesses in February 1987, the team became the factory BMW team racing M3s race team in 1988.", "Holden Dealer Team __knowledge__ Further into 1988, Brock sold off his HDT Special Vehicles road car business, which has nevertheless, under various ownership, continued to modify Holden vehicles to this current day.", "Cosworth __knowledge__ Cosworth is an automotive engineering company founded in London in , specialising in high-performance internal combustion engines, powertrain, and electronics; for automobile racing (motorsport) and mainstream automotive industries.", "Cosworth __knowledge__ Cosworth is based in Northampton, England, with North American facilities in Indianapolis and Mooresville, North Carolina.", "Cosworth __knowledge__ Cosworth has collected 176 wins in Formula One (F1) as engine supplier, ranking second with most wins behind Ferrari.", "Cosworth __knowledge__ The company was founded as a British racing internal combustion engine maker in 1958 by Mike Costin and Keith Duckworth.", "Cosworth __knowledge__ Its company name: 'Cosworth', was derived as a portmanteau of the surnames of its two founders (COStin and duckWORTH).", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ American open-wheel car racing, also known as Indy Car racing, is a category of professional-level automobile racing in the United States and North America.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ As of 2017, the top-level American open-wheel racing championship is sanctioned by IndyCar.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ Competitive events for professional-level, single-seat open-wheel race cars have been conducted under the auspices of several different sanctioning bodies since 1902.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ A season-long, points-based, National Championship of drivers has been officially recognized in 1905, 1916, and since 1920.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ The Indianapolis 500, which itself debuted in 1911, is the marquee event of Indy Car racing.", "Bill France Jr. __knowledge__ William Clifton \"Bill\" France (April 4, 1933 – June 4, 2007), nicknamed, \"Bill France Jr.\" or \"Little Billy\", was an American motorsports executive who served from 1972 to 2000 as the chief executive officer (CEO) of NASCAR, the sanctioning body of the US-based stock car racing.", "Bill France Jr. __knowledge__ He succeeded his father, NASCAR founder Bill France Sr. as its CEO.", "Bill France Jr. __knowledge__ His son, Brian France, has been CEO since 2003.", "Bill France Jr. __knowledge__ France was born in Washington, D.C., to Anne Bledsoe and William Henry Getty France.", "Bill France Jr. __knowledge__ His family moved to Daytona Beach, Florida in 1935 to escape the Great Depression.", "Bill France Jr. __knowledge__ He attended Seabreeze High School before attending the University of Florida.", "Bill France Sr. __knowledge__ William Henry Getty \"Bill\" France (September 26, 1909 – June 7, 1992), also known as Bill France Sr. or Big Bill, was an American racing driver.", "Bill France Sr. __knowledge__ He is best known for co-founding and managing NASCAR, a sanctioning body of US-based stock car racing.", "Bill France Sr. __knowledge__ France was born in Washington, D. C., the son of Emma Graham, an immigrant from Ireland, and William Henry France.", "Bill France Sr. __knowledge__ France skipped school as a teenager to make laps in the family Model T Ford at the high-banked board track near Laurel, Maryland.", "Bill France Sr. __knowledge__ He ran laps until there was just enough time to beat his father home.", "Bill France Sr. __knowledge__ France worked at several jobs before owning and operating his own service station.", "Coke Zero 400 __knowledge__ The Coke Zero 400 powered by Coca-Cola is an annual Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series stock car race at Daytona International Speedway.", "Coke Zero 400 __knowledge__ First held in 1959, the event consists of 160 laps, , and is the second of two major stock car events held at Daytona on the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series circuit, the other being the Daytona 500.", "Coke Zero 400 __knowledge__ Since its inception, it has been traditionally held on or around United States' Independence Day.", "Coke Zero 400 __knowledge__ Since 1988, the race has been scheduled for the first Saturday of July closest to July 4.", "Coke Zero 400 __knowledge__ In 1998, it became the first restrictor plate and Daytona race to be held at night.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series (often shortened to the Cup Series) is the top racing series of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR).", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ It is named for the current sponsor, Monster Energy, but has been known by other names in the past.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The series began in 1949 as the Strictly Stock Series, and from 1950 to 1970 it was known as the Grand National Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ In 1971, when the series began leasing its naming rights to the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, it was referred to as the Winston Cup Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ A similar deal was made with Nextel in 2003, and it became the Nextel Cup Series (2004–2007).", "USAC Daytona 100 __knowledge__ The Daytona 100 was a USAC Championship Car race held at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida on Saturday April 4, 1959.", "USAC Daytona 100 __knowledge__ It was the first and only Indy car race held on the high banks of Daytona, and saw incredible speeds turned in by the front-engined \"roadsters.\"", "USAC Daytona 100 __knowledge__ The race was part of a triple-header weekend featuring races for the USAC Championship Cars, Formula Libre, and a USAC-FIA sports car endurance race.", "USAC Daytona 100 __knowledge__ Both the Champ Car and Formula Libre races were won by Jim Rathmann.", "USAC Daytona 100 __knowledge__ However, the weekend was marred by the tragic death of George Amick, who was killed in a crash on the final lap of the Champ Car race.", "1961 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ The 1961 Daytona 500, was a NASCAR Grand National Series (now Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series) event that was held on February 26, 1961, at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida.", "1961 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Marvin Panch won the race in year old 1960 Pontiac built and owned by Smokey Yunick after taking the lead on lap 187.", "1961 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Panch was not originally scheduled to drive, and was only added to Yunick's team after Fireball Roberts suggested adding him.", "1961 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Panch drove the number 20 to victory in three hours and 20 minutes.", "1961 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ The race was run in its entirety without a single caution flag.", "1961 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Panch took the lead with 13 laps remaining when race leader Fireball Roberts' car suffered a blown engine." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ The S type carriages are a compartment layout passenger carriage used on the railways of Victoria, Australia.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ The carriages were constructed by the Victorian Railways in 1937 for use on the \"Spirit of Progress\", with additional carriages built until the 1950s for other trains.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Introduced by Victorian Railways Chief Commissioner Harold Clapp for the \"Spirit of Progress\" service between Melbourne and Albury, the carriages lasted through many decades of regular service across a number of operators.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Most of the fleet are still in service today, though none are in regular passenger service.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Two major types of carriage were constructed - AS first class cars with 3+3 seating in each compartment, BS second class cars with 4+4 seating.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ Nottingham Corporation Tramways was formed when Nottingham Corporation took over the Nottingham and District Tramways Company Limited, which had operated a horse and steam tram service from 1877.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ In the early part of the year a deputation from Nottingham Corporation visited the cable-operated tramway system at Edinburgh and the overhead electric systems at Bristol and Dover, with the result that on 28 March the Tramways Committee recommended to the City Council that the proposed electric tramways should be operated on the overhead electric system.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ At an estimated cost of £425,000 (), electric tramways were proposed as follows: Powers for these were granted in the Nottingham Corporation Act 1899.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ The Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion is an annual event held at Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca in Monterey, California.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ Its purpose is to provide an event in which historic racecars can compete.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ It takes place over the course of one weekend every mid-August.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ It was first established by Steve Earle in 1974 as the Monterey Historic Automobile Races.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ Earle organized the meeting for his friends to race their cars at Laguna Seca.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ The event acts as a part of Monterey Car Week, which includes the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance and other events.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ Approximately 550 cars participate in the event.", "Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion __knowledge__ The 2017 event took place August 17–20.", "Tokyo Xtreme Racer: Drift 2 __knowledge__ Tokyo Xtreme Racer DRIFT 2 (known as Kaido: Touge no Densetsu in Japan and Kaido Racer 2 in Europe and Australia) is a racing simulator by Genki that was released in 2005.", "Tokyo Xtreme Racer: Drift 2 __knowledge__ It is the third episode in the Kaido Battle series and it borrows heavily to the influential Shutokou Battle series created by the same company.", "Tokyo Xtreme Racer: Drift 2 __knowledge__ The game is about touge racing, which rely on drift skills made popular in the western culture during the 2000s by \"Initial D\", and is divided in daytime and nighttime.", "Tokyo Xtreme Racer: Drift 2 __knowledge__ The player buy a used or new stock car, tune it with aero and engine parts, get sponsorship and challenge other racers in nocturnal illegal gambling touge racing or perform downhill / uphill time attack in daytime.", "Drag racing __knowledge__ Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles (usually specially prepared for the purpose) compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line.", "Drag racing __knowledge__ The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly ¼ mile (), with a shorter () becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for nitromethane-fuelled Top Fuel dragsters and funny cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard, while the ⅛ mi (_ is also popular in some circles.", "Drag racing __knowledge__ Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ Sports car racing is a form of circuit auto racing with sports cars that have two seats and enclosed wheels.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ They may be purpose-built (Prototype) or related to road-going models (Grand Touring).", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ A type of hybrid between the purism of open-wheelers and the familiarity of touring car racing, this style is often associated with the annual Le Mans 24 Hours endurance race.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ First run in 1923, Le Mans is one of the oldest motor races still in existence.", "Sports car racing __knowledge__ Other classic but now defunct sports car races include the Italian classics, the Targa Florio (1906–1977) and Mille Miglia (1927–1957), and the Mexican Carrera Panamericana (1950-1954).", "Greenpower __knowledge__ Greenpower is the trading name of a charitable organisation, the Greenpower Education Trust, whose objective is to inspire more young people to become engineers by presenting the engineering industry as an interesting and relevant career choice which could help to solve problems relating to the personal, social and emotional development (known in Britain as PSED) of individuals and societies.", "Greenpower __knowledge__ The main idea is for teams of students between the ages of 9 and 25 to build and race their own electric powered race cars on top racing circuits such as Goodwood.", "Greenpower __knowledge__ The trust originated from a study by Sussex Chamber of Commerce in 1998 which considered the needs of engineering companies in that region.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Stock car racing is a form of automobile racing found mainly and most prominently in the United States and Canada, with Australia, New Zealand and Brazil also having forms of stock car auto racing.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Traditionally, races are run on oval tracks measuring approximately .", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ The world's largest governing body for stock car racing is the American NASCAR, and its Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series is the premier top level series of professional stock car racing.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Top level races typically range between in length.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Top level stock cars reach speeds in excess of at speedway tracks and on superspeedway tracks such as Daytona International Speedway and Talladega Superspeedway.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Almost as soon as automobiles had been invented, races of various sorts were organised, with the first recorded as early as 1867.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Many of the earliest events were effectively reliability trials, aimed at proving these new machines were a practical mode of transport, but soon became an important way for competing makers to demonstrate their machines.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ By the 1930s specialist racing cars had developed.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ There are now numerous different categories, each with different rules and regulations.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Darrell Lee Waltrip (born February 5, 1947) is an American motorsports analyst, author, national television broadcaster, and former racing driver.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ He is also a three-time NASCAR Cup Series champion (1981, 1982, 1985) and a three-time NASCAR Cup Series runner-up (1979, 1983, 1986).", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Posting a modern NASCAR series record of 22 top five finishes in 1983 and 21 top five finishes both in 1981 and 1986, Waltrip won 84 NASCAR Cup Series races, including the 1989 Daytona 500, a record five in the Coca-Cola 600 (formerly the World 600) (1978, 1979, 1985, 1988, 1989), and a track and Series record for any driver at Bristol Motor Speedway with 12 (seven consecutive from 1981 to 1984).", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is the sanctioning body for the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the Xfinity Series and the Camping World Truck Series.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR also oversees a number of regional racing series, including the Whelen Modified Tour, and the Whelen All-American Series.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ In its role, NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 states, Canada, Mexico, and Europe.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ Similar to other professional leagues and sanctioning bodies, NASCAR has been the target of criticism on various topics, from various sources.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ Some critics note the significant differences between today's NASCAR vehicles and true \"stock cars\".", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series (often shortened to the Cup Series) is the top racing series of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR).", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ It is named for the current sponsor, Monster Energy, but has been known by other names in the past.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The series began in 1949 as the Strictly Stock Series, and from 1950 to 1970 it was known as the Grand National Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ In 1971, when the series began leasing its naming rights to the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, it was referred to as the Winston Cup Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ A similar deal was made with Nextel in 2003, and it became the Nextel Cup Series (2004–2007).", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ Wood Brothers Racing is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ The team was formed in 1950 by Glen and Leonard Wood, hence the \"Wood Brothers\".", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ The Wood Brothers merged with Tad and Jodi Geschickter's JTG Racing in 2006 to increase their competitiveness and bring about sponsorship but separated for the 2008 season.", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ The Wood Brothers Racing Team holds the unique distinction of being the oldest active team in NASCAR, having fielded cars since 1950.", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ They are known for their long relationship with Ford Motor Company, and the long-standing use of number 21 on their main car." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto.", "Daytona Beach, Florida __knowledge__ Daytona Beach is a city in Volusia County, Florida, United States.", "Daytona Beach, Florida __knowledge__ It lies about northeast of Orlando, southeast of Jacksonville, and northwest of Miami.", "Daytona Beach, Florida __knowledge__ In the 2010 U.S. Census, it had a population of 61,005.", "Daytona Beach, Florida __knowledge__ It is a principal city of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach, FL metropolitan statistical area, which was home to 590,289 people in 2010.", "Daytona Beach, Florida __knowledge__ Daytona Beach is also a principal city of the Fun Coast region of Florida.", "Daytona Beach, Florida __knowledge__ The city is historically known for its beach where the hard-packed sand allows motorized vehicles to drive on the beach in restricted areas.", "Daytona Beach, Florida __knowledge__ This hard-packed sand made Daytona Beach a mecca for motorsports, and the old Daytona Beach Road Course hosted races for over 50 years.", "Daytona Beach International Airport __knowledge__ Daytona Beach International Airport is a county owned airport located three miles (5 km) southwest of Daytona Beach, next to Daytona International Speedway, in Volusia County, Florida, United States.", "Daytona Beach International Airport __knowledge__ The airport has 3 runways, a six-gate domestic terminal, and an international terminal.", "Daytona Beach International Airport __knowledge__ Daytona Beach is the headquarters of Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University.", "Daytona Beach International Airport __knowledge__ Before airplanes landed on the beach, automobiles raced.", "Daytona Beach International Airport __knowledge__ The beach had a smooth, hard, and relatively clean surface for anything with wheels and speed.", "Daytona Beach International Airport __knowledge__ Pilots soon caught on and used the beach as a runway.", "Daytona Beach International Airport __knowledge__ Hangars were built later and aircraft service was provided on beach.", "Daytona Beach Coquina Clock Tower __knowledge__ Daytona Beach Coquina Clock Tower is a clock tower located in Daytona Beach, Florida.", "Daytona Beach Coquina Clock Tower __knowledge__ It is a contributing property within the Daytona Beach Bandshell and Oceanfront Park Complex historic district which was entered into the United States National Register of Historic Places (VO7135) on February 25, 1999 from a multiple property submission under the following areas of significance: Entertainment, Recreation, Community Planning and Development, and Architecture.", "Daytona Beach Coquina Clock Tower __knowledge__ The Oceanfront Park Complex property was constructed of concrete and coquina rock between 1936 and 1937 by the Works Progress Administration (WPA).", "Daytona International Speedway __knowledge__ Daytona International Speedway is a race track in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States.", "Daytona International Speedway __knowledge__ Since opening in 1959, it has been the home of the Daytona 500, the most prestigious race in NASCAR.", "Daytona International Speedway __knowledge__ In addition to NASCAR, the track also hosts races of ARCA, AMA Superbike, USCC, SCCA, and Motocross.", "Daytona International Speedway __knowledge__ The track features multiple layouts including the primary high-speed tri-oval, a sports car course, a motorcycle course, and a karting and motorcycle flat-track.", "Daytona International Speedway __knowledge__ The track's infield includes the Lake Lloyd, which has hosted powerboat racing.", "Daytona International Speedway __knowledge__ The speedway is owned and operated by International Speedway Corporation.", "Edward H. Armstrong __knowledge__ Edward H. Armstrong (July 23, 1880 – January 2, 1938) won the Daytona Beach, Florida mayor's office five times during the 1920s and 1930s where Jim Crow laws, racial segregation, poll taxes and the Great Depression complicated social, political and economic conditions.", "Edward H. Armstrong __knowledge__ He controversially gained the support of black voters in exchange for community aid and infrastructure improvements.", "Edward H. Armstrong __knowledge__ Today, he is remembered as the legendary political boss of Daytona Beach who was one of the most colorful and headstrong figures in the city's history.", "Edward H. Armstrong __knowledge__ Edward H. Armstrong was born in St. Louis, Missouri and moved to Daytona, Florida in 1900 to work as a salesman for the Ralston Purina Company Flour Mill.", "Daytona 200 __knowledge__ The Daytona 200 is an annual motorcycle road racing competition held in early spring at the Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida.", "Daytona 200 __knowledge__ The race was founded in 1937 when it was sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA).", "Daytona 200 __knowledge__ The original course used the beach itself before moving to a paved closed circuit in 1961.", "Daytona 200 __knowledge__ The Daytona 200 reached its zenith of worldwide popularity in the 1970s when the race attracted the largest crowds of any AMA race along with some of the top rated international motorcycle racers.", "Daytona 200 __knowledge__ The origins of the Daytona 200 began in 1932 when the Southeastern Motorcycle Dealers Association organized a 200 mile dirt track race held on the old Vanderbilt Cup course in Savannah, Georgia.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is the sanctioning body for the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the Xfinity Series and the Camping World Truck Series.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR also oversees a number of regional racing series, including the Whelen Modified Tour, and the Whelen All-American Series.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ In its role, NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 states, Canada, Mexico, and Europe.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ Similar to other professional leagues and sanctioning bodies, NASCAR has been the target of criticism on various topics, from various sources.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ Some critics note the significant differences between today's NASCAR vehicles and true \"stock cars\".", "NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour __knowledge__ The NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour (NWMT) (previously the NASCAR Winston Modified Tour and NASCAR Featherlite Modified Series from 1985 until 2005) is a stock car racing series owned and operated by NASCAR in the Modified Division.", "NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour __knowledge__ The Modified Division is NASCAR's oldest division, and is the only open-wheeled division that NASCAR sanctions.", "NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour __knowledge__ NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour events are mainly held in the northeastern United States, but the 2007 and 2008 tours expanded to the Midwest with the addition of a race in Mansfield, Ohio.", "NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour __knowledge__ The tour races primarily on short oval paved tracks, but the NWMT also has made appearances at larger ovals and road courses.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ Dale Earnhardt was an American race car driver who gained worldwide fame as a stock car driver for NASCAR, recording seven Winston Cup championship victories and 76 career wins, including the 1998 Daytona 500.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ He was killed in a final-lap collision in the Daytona 500 at Daytona International Speedway on February 18, 2001, in which he crashed into the retaining wall after making contact with Ken Schrader.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ Earnhardt's death was officially pronounced at the nearby Halifax Medical Center at 5:16 p.m. EST (22:16 UTC), although he likely died immediately upon impact.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ He was 49 years old.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ His funeral was held four days later at the Calvary Church in Charlotte, North Carolina.", "Tony Stewart __knowledge__ Anthony Wayne Stewart (born May 20, 1971), nicknamed Smoke, is an American former professional stock car racing driver and NASCAR team owner.", "Tony Stewart __knowledge__ He is a three-time Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series champion as a driver, winning titles in 2002, 2005 and 2011.", "Tony Stewart __knowledge__ In 2011, Stewart had an ownership interest in the team.", "Tony Stewart __knowledge__ He won again as an owner with Kevin Harvick's title in 2014.", "Tony Stewart __knowledge__ Throughout his racing career, Stewart has won racing titles in Indy, midget, sprint, and USAC Silver Crown cars.", "Tony Stewart __knowledge__ He is the only driver in history to win a championship in both IndyCar and NASCAR.", "Tony Stewart __knowledge__ He last competed full-time in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series (now known as the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series) during the 2016 season, driving the No.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series (often shortened to the Cup Series) is the top racing series of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR).", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ It is named for the current sponsor, Monster Energy, but has been known by other names in the past.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The series began in 1949 as the Strictly Stock Series, and from 1950 to 1970 it was known as the Grand National Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ In 1971, when the series began leasing its naming rights to the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, it was referred to as the Winston Cup Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ A similar deal was made with Nextel in 2003, and it became the Nextel Cup Series (2004–2007).", "NASCAR rules and regulations __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) makes and enforces numerous rules and regulations that transcend all racing series.", "NASCAR rules and regulations __knowledge__ NASCAR issues a different rule book for each racing series; however, rule books are published exclusively for NASCAR members and are not made available to the public.", "NASCAR rules and regulations __knowledge__ Still, many of the rules, such as the scoring system, have been widely publicized both by NASCAR and the media.", "NASCAR rules and regulations __knowledge__ Each car is required to display its number on each door of the car and on its roof.", "NASCAR rules and regulations __knowledge__ The front of the car and bottom of the rear bumper are required to match the decal specifications of the car manufacturer." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 6, 28 ]

[ "I don't watch it, but I kow it was founded by Bill France Sr in 1948 and his grandson became the CEO in 2003.", "Yes, NASCAR stands for The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, it's basically a business that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "All sorts of cars can participate, NASCAR sanctions over 1500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 U.S. states, so plenty of opportunity.", "You bet, that's where they have the Daytona 500, the most prestigious race in NASCAR." ]

[ "NASCAR", "NASCAR", "NASCAR", "NASCAR" ]

[ "Stamp collecting", "I did not, I heard he passed away which is very sad. What kind of stamp did he release?", "That sounds so nice. Do you collect many stamps from all over and from different decades?", "I don't collect stamps but my mom does, she loves it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Stamp Act 1765 __knowledge__ The Stamp Act of 1765 (short title \"Duties in American Colonies Act 1765\"; 5 George III, c. 12) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain that imposed a direct tax on the colonies of British America and required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp.", "Stamp Act 1765 __knowledge__ Printed materials included legal documents, magazines, playing cards, newspapers, and many other types of paper used throughout the colonies.", "Stamp Act 1765 __knowledge__ Like previous taxes, the stamp tax had to be paid in valid British currency, not in colonial paper money.", "Stamp Act 1765 __knowledge__ The purpose of the tax was to help pay for troops stationed in North America after the British victory in the Seven Years' War and its North American theater of the French and Indian War.", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ Ma's Illustrated Catalogue of the Stamps of China (國郵 啚 鑑) or ( (國郵圖鑑) is a specialized catalogue of earlier Chinese stamps covering the periods from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ It provides the most comprehensive and systematic record of every stamp from the first Customs issue of 1878 to the Dah Tung print Postage Due stamp in 1947.", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ \"Ma's Illustrated Catalogue\" differs from other stamp catalogues as it goes beyond a simple listing of stamps.", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ \"Ma's catalogue\" provides a wealth of philately related information of high historical significance that is much needed in the research and study of early Chinese stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Territories of the United States on stamps __knowledge__ Territories of the United States on stamps discusses commemorative postal issues devoted to lands that have been ceded to the nation or purchased by treaty in conjunction with both war and peace.", "Territories of the United States on stamps __knowledge__ Thirteen states have been created from colonial territories, two from independent republics, four from previous states in the Union, and an additional thirty-one from United States territories.", "Territories of the United States on stamps __knowledge__ Many aspects of acquisition, settlement and exploration have been celebrated on postage stamps.", "Territories of the United States on stamps __knowledge__ These are represented below in issues that appeared prior to 1978 (the images of subsequent stamps remain under copyright by the United States Postal Service and may not be reproduced).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ The Federal Duck Stamp, formally known as the Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp, is an adhesive stamp issued by the United States federal government that must be purchased prior to hunting for migratory waterfowl such as ducks and geese.", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ It is also used to gain entrance to National Wildlife Refuges that normally charge for admission.", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ It is widely seen as a collectable and a means to raise funds for wetland conservation, with 98% of the proceeds of each sale going to the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund.", "Federal Duck Stamp __knowledge__ President Herbert Hoover signed the Migratory Bird Conservation Act in 1929 to authorize the acquisition and preservation of wetlands as waterfowl habitat.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Postage stamps of Pakistan are those issued since Pakistan's independence in 1947.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Pakistan Post has issued more than 600 sets and singles totalling more than 1300 stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Immediately after the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the new Pakistan government was preoccupied with setting up the government so British Indian stamps continued in use without an overprint as was the practice in other countries.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ The history of postage stamps in the region dates back to 1852, when Sir Bartle Frere of the British East India Company became the Chief Commissioner of Sind in 1851 and in 1852.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Following the British example set by Rowland Hill, Frere improved upon the operations of the postal system of Sindh, introduced a cheap and uniform rate for postage (independent of distance travelled) and initiated the production of the Scinde Dawk stamps.", "Holiday stamp __knowledge__ Holiday stamps are a type of postage stamp issued to commemorate a particular religious festival or holiday.", "Holiday stamp __knowledge__ Many nations in the world issue Christmas stamps intended for use on holiday mail.", "Holiday stamp __knowledge__ In 1997 a joint issue was issued by Mexico, who issued one stamp, and the United States, who issued both a 32-cent and a 33-cent denomination.", "Holiday stamp __knowledge__ Cinco de Mayo celebrates the defeat of the French Army by Mexican soldiers at the Battle of Puebla though some people believe it is the Mexican day of independence.", "Holiday stamp __knowledge__ Ukraine is among the countries that have issued a stamp commemorating Easter, a Christian holiday.", "Holiday stamp __knowledge__ The United States Postal Service issued a 34 cent stamp on the 1 September 2001 at the annual Islamic Society of North America's convention in Des Plaines, Illinois.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ The United States Postal Service (USPS; also known as the Post Office, U.S. Mail, or Postal Service) is an independent agency of the United States federal government responsible for providing postal service in the United States, including its insular areas and associated states.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ It is one of the few government agencies explicitly authorized by the United States Constitution.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ The U.S. Mail traces its roots to 1775 during the Second Continental Congress, when Benjamin Franklin was appointed the first postmaster general.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ The Post Office Department was created in 1792 from Franklin's operation, elevated to a cabinet-level department in 1872, and transformed in 1971 into the U.S.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ The first postage stamps of Bhutan were issued in 1962, the same year that the first motorable road was opened.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ Before that there was a mail delivery system in place for official mail using mail runners, and between 1955 and 1962 revenue stamps were accepted as payment for internal mail.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ With the opening up of Bhutan in the early 1960s, a formal postal system was introduced.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Bhutan __knowledge__ The American entrepreneur Burt Todd assisted in establishing a postage stamp program in the country and Bhutan became known for the unusual designs and materials of its stamps which were chosen by Todd specifically to attract attention.", "South Nottinghamshire Hussars __knowledge__ The South Nottinghamshire Hussars was a unit of the British Army formed as volunteer cavalry in 1794.", "South Nottinghamshire Hussars __knowledge__ Converted to artillery in 1922, it formed a battery of a Territorial Army regiment until it was placed in suspended animation.", "South Nottinghamshire Hussars __knowledge__ The regiment was formed as the Nottinghamshire (South Nottinghamshire) Yeomanry Cavalry in 1794 as part of the response to the French Revolutionary Wars.", "South Nottinghamshire Hussars __knowledge__ It became the Southern Nottinghamshire Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry in 1826.", "South Nottinghamshire Hussars __knowledge__ The Yeomanry was not intended to serve overseas, but due to the string of defeats during Black Week in December 1899, the British government realized they were going to need more troops than just the regular army.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Typically, stamps are printed on special custom-made paper, show a national designation and a denomination (value) on the front, and have an adhesive gum on the back or are self-adhesive.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Postage stamps are purchased from a postal administration (post office) or other authorized vendor, and are used to pay for the costs involved in moving mail, as well as other business necessities such as insurance and registration.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ They are sometimes a source of net profit to the issuing agency, especially when sold to collectors who will not actually use them for postage." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ In general, philatelic fakes and forgeries refers to labels that look like postage stamps but are not.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ Most have been produced to deceive or defraud.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ Learning to identify these can be a challenging branch of philately.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ To a large extent the definitions below are consistent with those given in the introduction to various recent editions of the \"Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue\".", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ \"We use the term \"\"forgery\"\" to indicate stamps produced to defraud collectors (properly known as forgeries) and to defraud stamp-issuing governments (properly known as counterfeits).", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ \"\"Fake\"\" is used to indicate the alteration of a genuine stamp to make it appear as something else.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ The postage stamps of Ireland are issued by the postal operator of the independent Irish state.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland when the world's first postage stamps were issued in 1840.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ These stamps, and all subsequent British issues, were used in Ireland until the new Irish Government assumed power in 1922.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Beginning on 17 February 1922, existing British stamps were overprinted with Irish text to provide some definitives until separate Irish issues became available.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Following the overprints, a regular series of definitive stamps was produced by the new Department of Posts and Telegraphs, using domestic designs.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ The first revenue stamps in the United States were used briefly during colonial times, among the most notable usage involved the Stamp Act.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ Long after independence, the first revenue stamps printed by the United States government were issued in the midst of the American Civil War, prompted by the urgent need to raise revenue to pay for the great costs it incurred.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ After the war ended however, revenue stamps and the taxes they represented still continued.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ Revenue stamps served to pay tax duties on items that came under two main categories, \"Proprietary\" and \"Documentary\".", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ Proprietary stamps paid tax duties on goods like alcohol and tobacco, and were also used for various services, while Documentary stamps paid duties on legal documents, mortgage deeds, stocks and a fair number of other legal dealings.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ A cancellation (or cancel for short; French: \"oblitération\") is a postal marking applied on a postage stamp or postal stationery to deface the stamp and prevent its re-use.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ Cancellations come in a huge variety of designs, shapes, sizes and colors.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ Modern United States cancellations commonly include the date and post office location where the stamps were mailed, in addition to lines or bars designed to cover the stamp itself.", "Cancellation (mail) __knowledge__ The term \"postal marking\" sometimes is used to refer specifically to the part that contains the date and posting location, although the term often is used interchangeably with \"cancellation.\"", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ The postage stamps of Vietnam were issued by a variety of states and administrations.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ Stamps were first introduced by the French colonial administration.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ Stamps specifically for Vietnam were first issued in 1945.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ During the decades of conflict and partitioning, stamps were issued by mutually hostile governments.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ The reunification of Vietnam in 1976 brought about a unified postal service.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ Stamps in Vietnam were first introduced by the French colonial administration in 1862.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ The stamps of these decades were initially of the general French colonial series.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Vietnam __knowledge__ In the 1880s, some of these were overprinted locally for Cochinchina (1886–88), Annam and Tonkin (1888) and French Indochina (1889).", "Postage stamp paper __knowledge__ Postage stamp paper is the foundation or substrate of the postage stamp to which the ink for the stamp's design is applied to one side and the adhesive is applied to the other.", "Postage stamp paper __knowledge__ The paper is not only the foundation of the stamp but it has also been incorporated into the stamp's design, has provided security against fraud and has aided in the automation of the postal delivery system.", "Postage stamp paper __knowledge__ Stamp catalogs like Scott's Standard Postage Stamp Catalog (SC) often document the paper the stamp is printed on to describe a stamp's classification.", "Postage stamp paper __knowledge__ The same stamp design can appear on several kinds of paper.", "Postage stamp paper __knowledge__ Stamp collectors and philatelists understand that a stamp's paper not only defines a unique stamp but could also mean the difference between an inexpensive stamp from one that is rare and worth more than its common counterpart.", "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood __knowledge__ Mister Rogers' Neighborhood (sometimes shortened to Misterogers or simply Mister Rogers) is an American half-hour educational children's television series that was created and hosted by namesake Fred Rogers.", "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood __knowledge__ The series originated in 1963 as \"Mister Rogers\" on CBC Television, and was later re-branded in 1966 as \"Mister Rogers' Neighborhood\" on the regional Eastern Educational Network (EEN, a forerunner of today's American Public Television), followed by its U.S. network debut on February 19, 1968, and it aired on NET and its successor, PBS, until August 31, 2001.", "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood __knowledge__ The series is aimed primarily at preschool ages 2 to 5, but has been stated by PBS as \"appropriate for all ages\".", "Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood __knowledge__ Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood (known as Daniel Tiger's Neighbourhood in Canada) is an American-Canadian animated children's television series produced by The Fred Rogers Company, 9 Story Media Group, and Out of the Blue Enterprises.", "Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood __knowledge__ It debuted on most PBS stations on September 3, 2012.", "Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood __knowledge__ The program, which is targeted at preschool-aged children, is based on the Neighborhood of Make-Believe from \"Mister Rogers' Neighborhood\", the long-running family-oriented television series created and hosted by Fred Rogers.", "Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood __knowledge__ The series centers around Daniel Tiger (son of Mom Tiger and Dad Tiger).", "Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood __knowledge__ The series also features other children of the characters from the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, such as Katerina Kittycat (daughter of Henrietta Pussycat), Miss Elaina (daughter of Lady Elaine Fairchilde and Music Man Stan), O the Owl (nephew of X the Owl), and Prince Wednesday (King Friday and Queen Sara Saturday's youngest son and Prince Tuesday's little brother).", "Latin America–United States relations __knowledge__ Historically speaking, bilateral relations between the United States and the various countries of Latin America have been multifaceted and complex, at times defined by strong regional cooperation and at others filled with economic and political tension and rivalry.", "Latin America–United States relations __knowledge__ Although relations between the U.S. government and most of Latin America were limited prior to the late 1800s, for most of the past century, the U.S. has unofficially regarded parts of Latin America as within its sphere of influence, and for much of the Cold War (1947-1989), actively vied with the Soviet Union for influence in the Western Hemisphere.", "Good Neighbor policy __knowledge__ The Good Neighbor policy was the foreign policy of the administration of United States President Franklin Roosevelt towards Latin America.", "Good Neighbor policy __knowledge__ Although the policy was implemented by the Roosevelt administration, President Woodrow Wilson had previously used the term—but subsequently went on to invade Mexico.", "Good Neighbor policy __knowledge__ Senator Henry Clay had coined the term \"Good Neighbor\" in the previous century.", "Good Neighbor policy __knowledge__ The policy's main principle was that of non-intervention and non-interference in the domestic affairs of Latin America.", "Good Neighbor policy __knowledge__ It also reinforced the idea that the United States would be a \"good neighbor\" and engage in reciprocal exchanges with Latin American countries.", "Neighborhood of Make-Believe __knowledge__ The Neighborhood of Make-Believe is the fictional kingdom inhabited by hand puppet characters on the children's television series \"Mister Rogers' Neighborhood\" which aired on PBS, from 1968–2001, and its predecessor \"Mister Rogers\", which ran from 1963–1966.", "Neighborhood of Make-Believe __knowledge__ Principal puppeteer Fred Rogers developed many of the puppet characters in the 1950s for Josie Carey's program, \"The Children's Corner\".", "Neighborhood of Make-Believe __knowledge__ It was filmed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Neighborhood of Make-Believe __knowledge__ The adventures of the citizens of the Neighborhood of Make-Believe appear in a short segment once in the middle of almost every episode.", "Neighborhood of Make-Believe __knowledge__ Rogers deliberately makes clear the distinction between the \"real world\" and the Neighborhood of Make-Believe by transitioning in and out of the Neighborhood segment via a distinctive red and yellow model electric trolley that enters and exits through small tunnels in the wall (or occasionally by setting up small tabletop models of the various Neighborhood of Make Believe buildings), and by discussing what had happened with his audience after the end of each segment.", "Good Neighbor Policy and the 1939 World's Fair __knowledge__ At the 1939 World's Fair, the Good Neighbor policy was developed by encouraging cultural exchange between the United States and Latin American countries by cooperation in presenting the event.", "Good Neighbor Policy and the 1939 World's Fair __knowledge__ The Good Neighbor policy was the foreign policy of the administration of United States President Franklin Roosevelt towards Latin America.", "Good Neighbor Policy and the 1939 World's Fair __knowledge__ The 1939 New York World's Fair was a World's fair in New York.", "Good Neighbor Policy and the 1939 World's Fair __knowledge__ When Franklin D. Roosevelt assumed the presidency on March 4, 1933, his stance on Latin American foreign affairs differed markedly from his predecessors.", "Good Neighbor Policy and the 1939 World's Fair __knowledge__ The growing hostility in Latin America towards past U.S. interventionism provided the impetus for his new policy.", "Dave McCary __knowledge__ Dave McCary is an American filmmaker and a co-founder of the sketch comedy group, Good Neighbor.", "Dave McCary __knowledge__ He currently works as a segment director for \"Saturday Night Live\".", "Dave McCary __knowledge__ McCary attended the University of Southern California with his childhood friend, Kyle Mooney.", "Dave McCary __knowledge__ It was there that McCary met future \"Good Neighbor\" members Nick Rutherford and Beck Bennett.", "Dave McCary __knowledge__ In 2007, McCary came together with Kyle Mooney, Beck Bennett, and Nick Rutherford to form the sketch comedy group, \"Good Neighbor\".", "Dave McCary __knowledge__ The group received personal acknowledgements from Steven Spielberg and comedian Louis C.K.", "Dave McCary __knowledge__ Prior to landing on \"SNL\", \"Good Neighbor\" had just finished filming a Comedy Central pilot, \"The Good Neighbor Show\", that was produced by Will Ferrell and Adam McKay via their company Gary Sanchez." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Stamp collection is a common practice among retail outlets in Hong Kong.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ The concept is to allow customers to redeem free gifts or shopping discounts after purchase.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ The general mechanism is that stamps will be given to customers when their single purchase exceeds a certain amount of money.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Usually, the number of stamps given to customers is directly proportional to the money they spend on that purchase.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ The more they spend, the more stamps they get.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Then, customers can stick the stamps on the collection booklet provided by the shop.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ When they have collected certain amount of stamps, they can redeem products or chances to take part in some activities like lucky draws.", "Paradox of hedonism __knowledge__ The paradox of hedonism, also called the pleasure paradox, refers to the practical difficulties encountered in the pursuit of pleasure.", "Paradox of hedonism __knowledge__ Unfortunately for the hedonist, constant pleasure-seeking may not yield the most actual pleasure or happiness in the long run—or even in the short run, when consciously pursuing pleasure interferes with experiencing it.", "Paradox of hedonism __knowledge__ The utilitarian philosopher Henry Sidgwick was first to note in \"The Methods of Ethics\" that the paradox of hedonism is that pleasure cannot be acquired directly.", "Paradox of hedonism __knowledge__ Variations on this theme appear in the realms of ethics, philosophy, psychology, and economics.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Postage stamps and postal history of South Sudan __knowledge__ The Republic of South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011 from Sudan and issued its first stamps on 13 July 2011.", "Postage stamps and postal history of South Sudan __knowledge__ Only almost three months later, on 4 October 2011, did South Sudan become a member of the Universal Postal Union (UPU).", "Postage stamps and postal history of South Sudan __knowledge__ Before independence, South Sudan used stamps issued by Sudan.", "Postage stamps and postal history of South Sudan __knowledge__ The \"Directorate of Postal Services of the Ministry of Telecommunication and Postal Services\" is responsible for postal affairs in South Sudan.", "Postage stamps and postal history of South Sudan __knowledge__ The first postage stamps for South Sudan were issued on 13 July 2011 by the \"Ministry of Telecommunications and Postal Services\" and should have featured the flag of South Sudan on the one South Sudanese Pound (SSP) stamp, the coat of arms of South Sudan on the 2.5 SSP stamp, and an image of John Garang, the pre-independence leader, on the 3.5 SSP stamp.", "Cancelled-to-order __knowledge__ A cancelled to order (also called and abbreviated CTO) postage stamp is a stamp the issuing postal service has cancelled (marked as used), but has not traveled through the post, but instead get handed back to a stamp collector or dealer.", "Cancelled-to-order __knowledge__ They can come from withdrawn stocks of stamps cancelled in sheets and sold as remainders or from new sheets for sale at reduced rates to the stamp trade.", "Cancelled-to-order __knowledge__ Postal services of various countries do this in response to collector demand, or to preclude stamps issued for the collector market being used on mail.", "Cancelled-to-order __knowledge__ Some of the history of CTOs is from stamps being given to collectors on an approval basis, in person or through mailings; the first CTOs began in the late 19th century.", "Mom &amp; Me &amp; Mom __knowledge__ Mom & Me & Mom (2013) is the seventh and final book in author Maya Angelou's series of autobiographies.", "Mom &amp; Me &amp; Mom __knowledge__ The book was published shortly before Mother's Day and Angelou's 85th birthday.", "Mom &amp; Me &amp; Mom __knowledge__ It focuses, for the first time in her books, on Angelou's relationship with her mother, Vivian Baxter.", "Mom &amp; Me &amp; Mom __knowledge__ The book explains Baxter's behavior, especially Baxter's abandonment of Angelou and Angelou's older brother when they were young children, and fills in \"what are possibly the final blanks in Angelou's eventful life\".", "Mom &amp; Me &amp; Mom __knowledge__ The book also chronicles Angelou's reunion and reconciliation with Baxter.", "Mom &amp; Me &amp; Mom __knowledge__ \"Mom & Me & Mom\" is an overview of Angelou's life and revisits many of the same anecdotes she relates in her previous books.", "Women on US stamps __knowledge__ The history of women on US stamps begins in 1893, when Queen Isabella became the first woman on a US stamp.", "Women on US stamps __knowledge__ Queen Isabella helped support Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage, and 1893 marked the end of a year-long celebration of the 400th anniversary of that voyage.", "Women on US stamps __knowledge__ The first US stamp honoring an American woman honored Martha Washington, and was issued in 1902.", "Women on US stamps __knowledge__ In 1907, Pocahontas became the first Native American woman (and the first Native American) to be honored on a US stamp.", "Women on US stamps __knowledge__ In 1978, Harriet Tubman became the first African-American woman to be honored on a US stamp.", "Women on US stamps __knowledge__ In 2001, Frida Kahlo became the first Hispanic woman to be honored on a US stamp, though she was Mexican not American.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Guam __knowledge__ The postage stamps and postal history of Guam is an overview of the postage stamps and postal history of the United States territory of Guam.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Guam __knowledge__ Its postal service is linked to those of the Philippines during the Spanish Empire and, since 1898, to the United States of America.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Guam __knowledge__ A peculiarity is that, for a short period in the 1930s, Guam had a local post service.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Guam __knowledge__ Because the US Postal administration issued the same stamps in Guam as in the United States, cancellations are the only way to identify a stamp as having been used in the island.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Guam __knowledge__ Between the 1930s and 1970s, during the creation of trans-Pacific airways, stops at Guam were commemorated with special illustrated marks.", "Washington-Franklin Issues __knowledge__ The Washington-Franklin Issues are a series of definitive U.S. Postage stamps depicting George Washington and Benjamin Franklin issued by the U.S. Post Office between 1908 and 1922.", "Washington-Franklin Issues __knowledge__ The distinctive feature of this issue is that it employs only two engraved heads set in ovals—Washington and Franklin in full profile—and replicates one or another of these portraits on every stamp denomination in the series.", "Washington-Franklin Issues __knowledge__ This is a significant departure from previous definitive issues, which had featured pantheons of famous Americans, with each portrait-image confined to a single denomination.", "Washington-Franklin Issues __knowledge__ At the same time, this break with the recent past represented a return to origins.", "Postage stamp design __knowledge__ Postage stamp design is the activity of graphic design as applied to postage stamps.", "Postage stamp design __knowledge__ Many thousands of designs have been created since a profile bust of Queen Victoria was adopted for the Penny Black in 1840; some designs have been considered very successful, others less so.", "Postage stamp design __knowledge__ A stamp design includes several elements required for it to accomplish its purpose satisfactorily.", "Postage stamp design __knowledge__ Most important is the denomination indicating its monetary value, while international agreements require a country name on almost all types of stamps.", "Postage stamp design __knowledge__ A graphic design is very nearly universal; in addition to making counterfeits harder to produce and aiding clerks in quick recognition of appropriate postage, postal customers simply expect stamps to carry a design.", "Grill (philately) __knowledge__ A grill on a postage stamp is an embossed pattern of small indentations intended to discourage postage stamp reuse.", "Grill (philately) __knowledge__ They were supposed to work by allowing the ink of the cancellation to be absorbed more readily by the fibres of the stamp paper, making it harder to wash off the cancellation.", "Grill (philately) __knowledge__ The best-known (indeed only major) examples of grilling are the United States issues of the late 1860s and early 1870s, when grilling was standard for all US stamps.", "Grill (philately) __knowledge__ \"Grilling\" therefore remains a specialist interest only for American philatalists.", "Grill (philately) __knowledge__ While many types of grilled stamps are common, certain of the grill patterns were little-used, and define some of the great rarities of philately.", "Mystic Stamp Company __knowledge__ The Mystic Stamp Company, based in Camden, New York, since 1923, is a mail-order postage stamp dealer, one of the largest in operation and notable for both its promotion of stamp collecting as a hobby and for its acquisition of the Z Grill, the rarest United States stamp.", "Mystic Stamp Company __knowledge__ The company deals primarily in US stamps and supplies, with some supplies of stamps and supplies made by foreign postal authorities and the United Nations Postal Administration.", "Mystic Stamp Company __knowledge__ Like most stamp dealers, sales of stamps and postal products are made through printed catalogs as well as an online catalog that have the details of all the current stamps on offer." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 59 ]

[ "I love stamps. They are such a creative way to express yourself through the mail. Did you see the recent Mr. Rogers one released?", "They released a stamp in his honor with him and the Daniel Tiger puppet. A great reminder to be a good neighbor, I think.", "I inherited my Grandpa's Collection. He has a few from around the world, but mostly US stamps through the decades.", "There are so many different postage stamp designs. And its nearly universal. They say it makes counterfeits harder to produce. Counterfeiting stamps seems like hard work for 40 some odd cents." ]

[ "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting" ]

[ "Young Frankenstein", "Oh yeah, I remember watching those shows as a kid! Did you watch them too?", "Cool! I guess that is good to know.... you seems like en expert. Tell me more!", "I guess those were the characters real names from the show? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Young Frankenstein is a 1974 American comedy horror film directed by Mel Brooks and starring Gene Wilder as the title character, a descendant of the infamous Dr. Victor Frankenstein, and Peter Boyle as the monster.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Teri Garr, Cloris Leachman, Marty Feldman, Madeline Kahn, Kenneth Mars, Richard Haydn, and Gene Hackman.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Wilder and Brooks.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film is an affectionate parody of the classic horror film genre, in particular the various film adaptations of Mary Shelley's novel \"Frankenstein\" produced by Universal in the 1930s.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Most of the lab equipment used as props was created by Kenneth Strickfaden for the 1931 film \"Frankenstein\".", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ To help evoke the atmosphere of the earlier films, Brooks shot the picture entirely in black and white, a rarity in the 1970s, and employed 1930s' style opening credits and scene transitions such as iris outs, wipes, and fades to black.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film also features a period score by Brooks' longtime composer John Morris.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ A critical favorite and box office smash, \"Young Frankenstein\" ranks No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 28 on \"Total Film\" magazine's readers' \"List of the 50 Greatest Comedy Films of All Time\", No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 56 on Bravo TV's list of the \"100 Funniest Movies\", and No." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Young Frankenstein is a 1974 American comedy horror film directed by Mel Brooks and starring Gene Wilder as the title character, a descendant of the infamous Dr. Victor Frankenstein, and Peter Boyle as the monster.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Teri Garr, Cloris Leachman, Marty Feldman, Madeline Kahn, Kenneth Mars, Richard Haydn, and Gene Hackman.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Wilder and Brooks.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film is an affectionate parody of the classic horror film genre, in particular the various film adaptations of Mary Shelley's novel \"Frankenstein\" produced by Universal in the 1930s.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Most of the lab equipment used as props was created by Kenneth Strickfaden for the 1931 film \"Frankenstein\".", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ To help evoke the atmosphere of the earlier films, Brooks shot the picture entirely in black and white, a rarity in the 1970s, and employed 1930s' style opening credits and scene transitions such as iris outs, wipes, and fades to black.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film also features a period score by Brooks' longtime composer John Morris.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ A critical favorite and box office smash, \"Young Frankenstein\" ranks No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 28 on \"Total Film\" magazine's readers' \"List of the 50 Greatest Comedy Films of All Time\", No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 56 on Bravo TV's list of the \"100 Funniest Movies\", and No.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ MBLAQ (, ; an acronym for Music Boys Live in Absolute Quality) is a South Korean boy group created by South Korean entertainer Rain under J.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ Tune Camp.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group consists of Seungho, G.O, and Mir, and formerly Lee Joon and Thunder.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group debuted on October 15, 2009, at Rain's Legend of Rainism concert.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ On October 14, 2009, the group released their debut single album, \"Just BLAQ\", which topped various online and offline music charts in South Korea.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group then released their first extended play album \"Y\" on May 19, 2010, and on January 10, 2011, MBLAQ released their first studio album, \"BLAQ Style\".", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is the first single from Trinidadian American female hip-hop artist Foxy Brown's third album \"Broken Silence\".", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was officially released on May 4, 2001 in the United States.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ Initially, it was released through the mixtape circuit in late 2000 with alternate lyrics- most notably on Foxy Brown's \"Best Of Foxy Brown\" mixtape in 2000, hosted by DJ Envy.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ The single was unsuccessful, receiving little airplay on urban radio stations (though popular on New York City and the upper East Coast urban stations) and little video rotation on MTV, though it was slightly more successful on BET.", "Horror film __knowledge__ A horror film is a movie that seeks to elicit a physiological reaction, such as an elevated heartbeat, through the use of fear and shocking one’s audiences.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Initially often inspired by literature from authors like Edgar Allan Poe, Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley, horror has existed as a film genre for more than a century.", "Horror film __knowledge__ The macabre and the supernatural are frequent themes.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror may also overlap with the fantasy, supernatural fiction and thriller genres.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror films often aim to evoke viewers' nightmares, fears, revulsions and terror of the unknown.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Plots within the horror genre often involve the intrusion of an evil force, event, or personage into the everyday world.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ Mel Brooks (born Melvin Kaminsky; June 28, 1926) is an American actor, writer, producer, director, comedian, and composer.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He is known as a creator of broad film farces and comic parodies.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for the early TV variety show \"Your Show of Shows\".", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He became well known as part of the comedy duo with Carl Reiner in the comedy skit \"The 2000 Year Old Man\".", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He also created, with Buck Henry, the hit television comedy series \"Get Smart\", which ran from 1965 to 1970.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ In middle age, Brooks became one of the most successful film directors of the 1970s, with many of his films being among the top 10 moneymakers of the year they were released.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ Mary Shelley's 1818 novel \"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus\", and the famous character of Frankenstein's monster, have influenced popular culture for at least a century.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The work has inspired numerous films, television programs, video games and derivative works.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The character of the monster remains one of the most recognized icons in horror fiction.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The first film adaptation of the tale, \"Frankenstein\", was made by Edison Studios in 1910, written and directed by J. Searle Dawley, with Augustus Phillips as Frankenstein, Mary Fuerte as Elizabeth, and Charles Ogle as the Monster.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The brief (16 min.)", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ Young Frankenstein, officially known as The New Mel Brooks Musical: Young Frankenstein, is a musical with a book by Mel Brooks and Thomas Meehan and music and lyrics by Brooks.", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ It is based on the 1974 comedy film of the same name written by Brooks and Gene Wilder and directed by Brooks, who has described it as his best film.", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ It is a parody of the horror film genre, especially the 1931 Universal Pictures adaptation of Mary Shelley's \"Frankenstein\" and its 1939 sequel, \"Son of Frankenstein\".", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ After tryouts in Seattle, Washington and four weeks of previews, the musical opened on Broadway on November 8, 2007 to mixed reviews.", "Comedy horror __knowledge__ Comedy horror is a literary and film genre that combines elements of comedy and horror fiction.", "Comedy horror __knowledge__ Comedy horror has been described as able to be categorized under three types: \"black comedy, parody and spoof.\"", "Comedy horror __knowledge__ The genre almost inevitably crosses over with the black comedy genre.", "Comedy horror __knowledge__ Comedy horror will often use satire on horror clichés as its main source of humour or take a story in a different perspective, for example \"The Cabin in the Woods\".", "Comedy horror __knowledge__ Author Bruce G. Hallenbeck cites the short story \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" by Washington Irving as \"the first great comedy horror story\".", "Comedy horror __knowledge__ The story made readers \"laugh one moment and scream the next\", and its premise was based on mischief typically found during the holiday Halloween.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Young Frankenstein is a 1974 American comedy horror film directed by Mel Brooks and starring Gene Wilder as the title character, a descendant of the infamous Dr. Victor Frankenstein, and Peter Boyle as the monster.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Teri Garr, Cloris Leachman, Marty Feldman, Madeline Kahn, Kenneth Mars, Richard Haydn, and Gene Hackman.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Wilder and Brooks.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film is an affectionate parody of the classic horror film genre, in particular the various film adaptations of Mary Shelley's novel \"Frankenstein\" produced by Universal in the 1930s.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Most of the lab equipment used as props was created by Kenneth Strickfaden for the 1931 film \"Frankenstein\".", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ To help evoke the atmosphere of the earlier films, Brooks shot the picture entirely in black and white, a rarity in the 1970s, and employed 1930s' style opening credits and scene transitions such as iris outs, wipes, and fades to black.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film also features a period score by Brooks' longtime composer John Morris.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ A critical favorite and box office smash, \"Young Frankenstein\" ranks No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 28 on \"Total Film\" magazine's readers' \"List of the 50 Greatest Comedy Films of All Time\", No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 56 on Bravo TV's list of the \"100 Funniest Movies\", and No.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Japanese anime series \"Bakugan Battle Brawlers\".", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Daniel \"Dan\" Kuso (known in the Japanese version as is the main human protagonist in the series, who, is 12 years old in the first season, 15 in New Vestroia, 16 in Gundalian Invaders, and 17 in Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In the beginning he is ranked #121, and by episode 39, he is ranked #1, and has become ranked #4 or under in episode 6 of Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In \"New Vestroia\", Dan returns to New Vestroia to help Drago save the world from the invading Vestals.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Despite having just been introduced to the new Brawling system, Dan manages to get the hang of it before he battles his way into the Resistance by tying with Ace.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Children's use of information __knowledge__ Children's use of information is an issue in ethics and child development.", "Children's use of information __knowledge__ Information is learned from many different sources and source monitoring (see also source-monitoring error) is important in understanding how people use information and decide which information is credible.", "Children's use of information __knowledge__ Consider the example of a parent whose child has been diagnosed with hyperactivity; the parent searches the internet for information, reads books, participates in an online chat room with other parents in the same situation, and consults various medical professionals.", "Children's use of information __knowledge__ Some of these sources will be credible (contain reliable information), and others will not.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the shōjo manga series Ouran High School Host Club, created by Bisco Hatori.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Ouran Academy is an elite upper school catering to the ultra-rich.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ Haruhi Fujioka is a middle-class scholarship student, a rarity at the school.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ While searching for a quiet place to study, she stumbles upon an unused music room which turns out to be the club room for the school's Host Club — a group of idle rich boys, possessing exceptional good-looks, who entertain female clients.", "List of Ouran High School Host Club characters __knowledge__ After accidentally knocking over a priceless Renaissance vase that's worth far more than Haruhi can possibly repay (¥8 million), she is forced to join the Host Club as an \"errand boy\" to work off her debt.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ Jerome Silberman (June 11, 1933 – August 29, 2016), known professionally as Gene Wilder, was an American actor, screenwriter, director, producer, singer-songwriter and author.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ Wilder began his career on stage, and made his screen debut in an episode of the TV series \"The Play of the Week\" in 1961.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ Although his first film role was portraying a hostage in the 1967 motion picture \"Bonnie and Clyde\", Wilder's first major role was as Leopold Bloom in the 1967 film \"The Producers\" for which he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ This was the first in a series of collaborations with writer/director Mel Brooks, including 1974's \"Blazing Saddles\" and \"Young Frankenstein\", which Wilder co-wrote, garnering the pair an Academy Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ Mel Brooks (born Melvin Kaminsky; June 28, 1926) is an American actor, writer, producer, director, comedian, and composer.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He is known as a creator of broad film farces and comic parodies.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for the early TV variety show \"Your Show of Shows\".", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He became well known as part of the comedy duo with Carl Reiner in the comedy skit \"The 2000 Year Old Man\".", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He also created, with Buck Henry, the hit television comedy series \"Get Smart\", which ran from 1965 to 1970.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ In middle age, Brooks became one of the most successful film directors of the 1970s, with many of his films being among the top 10 moneymakers of the year they were released.", "The Producers (1967 film) __knowledge__ The Producers is a 1967 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel, Gene Wilder, Dick Shawn, and Kenneth Mars.", "The Producers (1967 film) __knowledge__ The film was Brooks's directorial debut, and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.", "The Producers (1967 film) __knowledge__ Decades later, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs list.", "The Producers (1967 film) __knowledge__ It was later remade by Brooks as the acclaimed Broadway stage musical \"The Producers\", which itself was adapted into the film also called \"The Producers\" starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick.", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ Young Frankenstein, officially known as The New Mel Brooks Musical: Young Frankenstein, is a musical with a book by Mel Brooks and Thomas Meehan and music and lyrics by Brooks.", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ It is based on the 1974 comedy film of the same name written by Brooks and Gene Wilder and directed by Brooks, who has described it as his best film.", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ It is a parody of the horror film genre, especially the 1931 Universal Pictures adaptation of Mary Shelley's \"Frankenstein\" and its 1939 sequel, \"Son of Frankenstein\".", "Young Frankenstein (musical) __knowledge__ After tryouts in Seattle, Washington and four weeks of previews, the musical opened on Broadway on November 8, 2007 to mixed reviews.", "Marty Feldman __knowledge__ Martin Alan \"Marty\" Feldman (8 July 1934 – 2 December 1982) was a British comedy writer, comedian, and actor, known for his prominent, misaligned eyes.", "Marty Feldman __knowledge__ He starred in several British television comedy series, including \"At Last the 1948 Show\" and \"Marty\", the latter of which won two BAFTA awards.", "Marty Feldman __knowledge__ He was the first Saturn Award winner for Best Supporting Actor for his role in \"Young Frankenstein\".", "Marty Feldman __knowledge__ Feldman was born on 8 July 1934 in the East End of London, the son of Jewish immigrants from Kiev, Ukraine, Cecilia (née Crook) and Myer Feldman, a gown manufacturer.", "Marty Feldman __knowledge__ He recalled his childhood as \"solitary\".", "Blazing Saddles __knowledge__ Blazing Saddles is a 1974 American satirical western comedy film directed by Mel Brooks.", "Blazing Saddles __knowledge__ Starring Cleavon Little and Gene Wilder, the film was written by Brooks, Andrew Bergman, Richard Pryor, Norman Steinberg, and Al Uger, and was based on Bergman's story and draft.", "Blazing Saddles __knowledge__ The film received generally positive reviews from critics and audiences, was nominated for three Academy Awards, and is ranked No.", "Blazing Saddles __knowledge__ 6 on the American Film Institute's \"100 Years...100 Laughs\" list.", "Blazing Saddles __knowledge__ Brooks appears in two supporting roles, Governor William J.", "Blazing Saddles __knowledge__ Le Petomane and a Yiddish-speaking Indian chief; he also dubs lines for one of Lili von Shtupp's backing troupe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Young Frankenstein is a 1974 American comedy horror film directed by Mel Brooks and starring Gene Wilder as the title character, a descendant of the infamous Dr. Victor Frankenstein, and Peter Boyle as the monster.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Teri Garr, Cloris Leachman, Marty Feldman, Madeline Kahn, Kenneth Mars, Richard Haydn, and Gene Hackman.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Wilder and Brooks.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film is an affectionate parody of the classic horror film genre, in particular the various film adaptations of Mary Shelley's novel \"Frankenstein\" produced by Universal in the 1930s.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ Most of the lab equipment used as props was created by Kenneth Strickfaden for the 1931 film \"Frankenstein\".", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ To help evoke the atmosphere of the earlier films, Brooks shot the picture entirely in black and white, a rarity in the 1970s, and employed 1930s' style opening credits and scene transitions such as iris outs, wipes, and fades to black.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ The film also features a period score by Brooks' longtime composer John Morris.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ A critical favorite and box office smash, \"Young Frankenstein\" ranks No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 28 on \"Total Film\" magazine's readers' \"List of the 50 Greatest Comedy Films of All Time\", No.", "Young Frankenstein __knowledge__ 56 on Bravo TV's list of the \"100 Funniest Movies\", and No.", "Real-name system __knowledge__ A real-name system is a system in which when a user who wants to register an account on a blog, website or bulletin board system, is required to offer identification credentials including their legal name to the network service centre.", "Real-name system __knowledge__ One may use an on-line pseudonym, however, the person's real identity would be available if rules or laws are broken.", "Real-name system __knowledge__ South Korea is the first country to put the real-name system into practice.", "Real-name system __knowledge__ Since June 28, 2009, thirty-five Korean websites have implemented a name-registration system pursuant to the newly amended Information and Communications Network Act of Korea.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Kayfabe __knowledge__ In professional wrestling, kayfabe is the portrayal of staged events within the industry as \"real\" or \"true\", specifically the portrayal of competition, rivalries, and relationships between participants as being genuine and not of a staged or predetermined nature of any kind.", "Kayfabe __knowledge__ Kayfabe has also evolved to become a code word of sorts for maintaining this \"reality\" within the direct or indirect presence of the general public.", "Kayfabe __knowledge__ Kayfabe is often seen as the suspension of disbelief that is used to create the non-wrestling aspects of promotions, such as feuds, angles, and gimmicks, in a manner similar to other forms of fictional entertainment.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ Mary Shelley's 1818 novel \"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus\", and the famous character of Frankenstein's monster, have influenced popular culture for at least a century.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The work has inspired numerous films, television programs, video games and derivative works.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The character of the monster remains one of the most recognized icons in horror fiction.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The first film adaptation of the tale, \"Frankenstein\", was made by Edison Studios in 1910, written and directed by J. Searle Dawley, with Augustus Phillips as Frankenstein, Mary Fuerte as Elizabeth, and Charles Ogle as the Monster.", "Frankenstein in popular culture __knowledge__ The brief (16 min.)", "Frankenstein's Monster (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Frankenstein's Monster is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Frankenstein's Monster (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The character is based on the character in the novel \"Frankenstein\" by Mary Shelley.", "Frankenstein's Monster (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The character has been adapted often in the comic book medium.", "Frankenstein's Monster (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The first appearance of Frankenstein's Monster in the Marvel Comics Universe came in the five-page horror comics story \"Your Name Is Frankenstein\", by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist Joe Maneely in \"Menace\" #7 (Sept. 1953), from Marvel's 1950s forerunner, Atlas Comics.", "Frankenstein's Monster (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The following decade, a robot replica of Frankenstein's Monster appeared as an antagonist in \"The X-Men\" #40 (Jan. 1968), by writer Roy Thomas and penciler Don Heck, and was destroyed by the titular team of mutant superheroes.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ Jerome Silberman (June 11, 1933 – August 29, 2016), known professionally as Gene Wilder, was an American actor, screenwriter, director, producer, singer-songwriter and author.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ Wilder began his career on stage, and made his screen debut in an episode of the TV series \"The Play of the Week\" in 1961.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ Although his first film role was portraying a hostage in the 1967 motion picture \"Bonnie and Clyde\", Wilder's first major role was as Leopold Bloom in the 1967 film \"The Producers\" for which he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Gene Wilder __knowledge__ This was the first in a series of collaborations with writer/director Mel Brooks, including 1974's \"Blazing Saddles\" and \"Young Frankenstein\", which Wilder co-wrote, garnering the pair an Academy Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ Mel Brooks (born Melvin Kaminsky; June 28, 1926) is an American actor, writer, producer, director, comedian, and composer.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He is known as a creator of broad film farces and comic parodies.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for the early TV variety show \"Your Show of Shows\".", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He became well known as part of the comedy duo with Carl Reiner in the comedy skit \"The 2000 Year Old Man\".", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ He also created, with Buck Henry, the hit television comedy series \"Get Smart\", which ran from 1965 to 1970.", "Mel Brooks __knowledge__ In middle age, Brooks became one of the most successful film directors of the 1970s, with many of his films being among the top 10 moneymakers of the year they were released.", "Elizabeth Lavenza __knowledge__ Elizabeth Frankenstein ( Lavenza) is a fictional character first introduced in Mary Shelley's 1818 novel \"Frankenstein\".", "Elizabeth Lavenza __knowledge__ In both the novel and its various film adaptations, she is the fiancée of Victor Frankenstein.", "Elizabeth Lavenza __knowledge__ Elizabeth Lavenza was adopted by Victor's family.", "Elizabeth Lavenza __knowledge__ While Victor's cousin in the original release of the novel, in Shelley's 1831 rewrite, she is first introduced as Victor Frankenstein's unrelated, adopted sister.", "Elizabeth Lavenza __knowledge__ Victor describes her as his perfect woman: young, beautiful, and completely devoted to him.", "Elizabeth Lavenza __knowledge__ Elizabeth continually writes letters to Victor, encouraging him and acting as a positive force against his guilt at creating the monster.", "Frankenstein's monster __knowledge__ Frankenstein's monster, sometimes referred to as Frankenstein, is a fictional character who first appeared in Mary Shelley's 1818 novel \"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus\".", "Frankenstein's monster __knowledge__ Shelley's title thus compares the monster's creator, Victor Frankenstein, to the mythological character Prometheus, who fashioned humans out of clay and gave them fire.", "Frankenstein's monster __knowledge__ In Shelley's Gothic story, Victor Frankenstein builds the creature in his laboratory through an ambiguous method consisting of chemistry and alchemy.", "Frankenstein's monster __knowledge__ Shelley describes the monster as , hideously ugly, but sensitive and emotional.", "Frankenstein's monster __knowledge__ The monster attempts to fit into human society but is shunned, which leads him to seek revenge against Frankenstein." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 3 ]

[ "Young Frankenstein is a 1974 American comedy horror film ", "Young Frankenstein was directed by Mel Brooks and starring Gene Wilder", "Gene Wilder as the title character, a descendant of the infamous Dr. Victor Frankenstein, and Peter Boyle as the monster.", "The screenplay was written by Wilder and Brooks" ]

[ "Young Frankenstein", "Young Frankenstein", "Young Frankenstein", "Young Frankenstein" ]

[ "Cheetos", "Man, I really love those cheesy cheetos!", "Yup! How long have cheetos been around?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Cheetos (formerly styled as Chee-tos until 1998) is a brand of cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal snacks made by Frito-Lay, a subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Fritos creator Charles Elmer Doolin invented Cheetos in 1948, and began national distribution in the U.S.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ The initial success of Cheetos was a contributing factor to the merger between The Frito Company and H.W.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Lay & Company in 1961 to form Frito-Lay.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ In 1965 Frito-Lay became a subsidiary of The Pepsi-Cola Company, forming PepsiCo, the current owner of the Cheetos brand.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ In 2010, Cheetos was ranked as the top selling brand of cheese puffs in its primary market of the United States; worldwide the annual retail sales totaled approximately $4 billion.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ The original \"Crunchy Cheetos\" are still in production but the product line has since expanded to include 21 different types of Cheetos in North America alone.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ As Cheetos are sold in more than 36 countries, the flavor and composition is often varied to match regional taste and cultural preferences—such as \"Savory American Cream\" in China, and \"Strawberry Cheetos\" in Japan.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Cheetos were invented in 1948 by Fritos creator Charles Elmer Doolin, who cooked early test batches in the Frito Company's Dallas, Texas-based research and development kitchen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Cheetos (formerly styled as Chee-tos until 1998) is a brand of cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal snacks made by Frito-Lay, a subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Fritos creator Charles Elmer Doolin invented Cheetos in 1948, and began national distribution in the U.S.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ The initial success of Cheetos was a contributing factor to the merger between The Frito Company and H.W.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Lay & Company in 1961 to form Frito-Lay.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ In 1965 Frito-Lay became a subsidiary of The Pepsi-Cola Company, forming PepsiCo, the current owner of the Cheetos brand.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ In 2010, Cheetos was ranked as the top selling brand of cheese puffs in its primary market of the United States; worldwide the annual retail sales totaled approximately $4 billion.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ The original \"Crunchy Cheetos\" are still in production but the product line has since expanded to include 21 different types of Cheetos in North America alone.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ As Cheetos are sold in more than 36 countries, the flavor and composition is often varied to match regional taste and cultural preferences—such as \"Savory American Cream\" in China, and \"Strawberry Cheetos\" in Japan.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Cheetos were invented in 1948 by Fritos creator Charles Elmer Doolin, who cooked early test batches in the Frito Company's Dallas, Texas-based research and development kitchen.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos are a deep-fried cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal and macaroni and cheese product sold by the international fast food chain store Burger King and the private restaurant chain Sheetz.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The food is a combination of macaroni and cheese with the Frito-Lay snack Cheetos.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos were first introduced in late June 2016.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The product contained five pieces and initially came with ranch dressing.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ It was sold for an eight-week period, depending on supply.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Many publications have pointed out that Mac n' Cheetos is part of a larger trend of blending fast foods with well-known snack foods, as well as reflecting the current state of fast food alliances.", "Chester Cheetah __knowledge__ Chester Cheetah is a fictional character and the official mascot for Frito-Lay's Cheetos brand snacks and Chester's Puffcorn.", "Chester Cheetah __knowledge__ Cheetos' original mascot was the Cheetos Mouse, who debuted in 1971 and disappeared around 1979.", "Chester Cheetah __knowledge__ In 1986, Chester Cheetah was created by Brad Morgan, who art directed the commercials and designed the character, and Stephen Kane who wrote the original scripts for television commercials.", "Chester Cheetah __knowledge__ The original 24-frame animation was done by Richard Williams.", "Chester Cheetah __knowledge__ After Chester's introduction, the sly, smooth voiced cheetah began starring in more commercials and eventually became Cheetos' official mascot.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay, Inc. is an American subsidiary of PepsiCo that manufactures, markets, and sells corn chips, potato chips, and other snack foods.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ The primary snack food brands produced under the Frito-Lay name include Fritos corn chips, Cheetos cheese-flavored snacks; Doritos and Tostitos tortilla chips; Lay's and Ruffles potato chips; Rold Gold pretzels; and Walkers potato crisps (in the UK and Ireland).", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Each brand has generated annual worldwide sales over $1 billion in 2009.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay began in the early 1930s as two separate companies, The Frito Company and H.W.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Lay & Company, which merged in 1961 to form Frito-Lay, Inc. Four years later in 1965, Frito-Lay, Inc. merged with the Pepsi-Cola Company, resulting in the formation of PepsiCo.", "Wotsits __knowledge__ Wotsits is a British brand of cheesy flavour corn puffs sold by Walkers Crisps and originally by Golden Wonder.", "Wotsits __knowledge__ The most common form are cheese flavoured curly shapes.", "Wotsits __knowledge__ However, over the years, various other shapes and flavours have also been sold.", "Wotsits __knowledge__ \"Limited edition\" Wotsits have also appeared on more than one occasion.", "Wotsits __knowledge__ The brand was stretched into Whopping Wotsits, Weenie Wotsits, Wotsits Wafflers as well as frozen Wotsits.", "Wotsits __knowledge__ All came into the market under Golden Wonder's ownership managed by Sir Nigel Parrott between the years 1993 and 2002.", "Wotsits __knowledge__ The brand name occurs in the singular, \"Wotsit\", referring to an individual corn puff.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's is the name of a brand for a number of potato chip varieties, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the U.S. in 1932.", "Lay's __knowledge__ It is also called Frito-Lay.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's has been owned by PepsiCo since 1965.", "Lay's __knowledge__ \"Lay's\" is the company's primary brand, with the exception of limited markets where other brand names are used: Walkers in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Smith's in Australia; Chipsy in Egypt; Poca in Vietnam; Tapuchips in Israel; Margarita in Colombia; Sabritas in Mexico; and, formerly, Hostess in Canada.", "Lay's __knowledge__ In 1932, salesman Herman Lay opened a snack food operation in Dorset, Ohio; and, in 1938, he purchased the Atlanta, Georgia, potato chip manufacturer \"Barrett Food Company\", renaming it \"H.W.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Prizes are promotional items—small toys, games, trading cards, collectables, and other small items of nominal value—found in packages of brand-name retail products (or available from the retailer at the time of purchase) that are included in the price of the product (at no extra cost) with the intent to boost sales.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Collectable prizes produced (and sometimes numbered) in series are used extensively—as a loyalty marketing program—in food, drink, and other retail products to increase sales through repeat purchases from collectors.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Prizes have been distributed through bread, candy, cereal, cheese, chips, crackers, laundry detergent, margarine, popcorn, and soft drinks.", "Negros Slashers __knowledge__ The Negros Slashers also known as the RCPI-Negros Slashers were a professional basketball team in the Metropolitan Basketball Association from 1998 to 2002.", "Negros Slashers __knowledge__ The team enjoyed considerable success, winning the MBA National Championship in 2002, the last season of the said league.", "Negros Slashers __knowledge__ The team was based in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental.", "Negros Slashers __knowledge__ The team was named \"Slashers\" based on the cane knives' slashing motion used by itinerant sugar workers to cut sugarcane stalks.", "Negros Slashers __knowledge__ Sugar is the main product of Negros Occidental.", "Negros Slashers __knowledge__ Bacolod businessmen Oscar \"Dodong\" Bascon and Babes Alvarez painstakingly formed the team composed of amateur standouts mostly from the Visayas-Mindanao leagues and former professional players from Philippine Basketball Association." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Cheetos (formerly styled as Chee-tos until 1998) is a brand of cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal snacks made by Frito-Lay, a subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Fritos creator Charles Elmer Doolin invented Cheetos in 1948, and began national distribution in the U.S.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ The initial success of Cheetos was a contributing factor to the merger between The Frito Company and H.W.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Lay & Company in 1961 to form Frito-Lay.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ In 1965 Frito-Lay became a subsidiary of The Pepsi-Cola Company, forming PepsiCo, the current owner of the Cheetos brand.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ In 2010, Cheetos was ranked as the top selling brand of cheese puffs in its primary market of the United States; worldwide the annual retail sales totaled approximately $4 billion.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ The original \"Crunchy Cheetos\" are still in production but the product line has since expanded to include 21 different types of Cheetos in North America alone.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ As Cheetos are sold in more than 36 countries, the flavor and composition is often varied to match regional taste and cultural preferences—such as \"Savory American Cream\" in China, and \"Strawberry Cheetos\" in Japan.", "Cheetos __knowledge__ Cheetos were invented in 1948 by Fritos creator Charles Elmer Doolin, who cooked early test batches in the Frito Company's Dallas, Texas-based research and development kitchen.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos are a deep-fried cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal and macaroni and cheese product sold by the international fast food chain store Burger King and the private restaurant chain Sheetz.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The food is a combination of macaroni and cheese with the Frito-Lay snack Cheetos.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos were first introduced in late June 2016.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The product contained five pieces and initially came with ranch dressing.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ It was sold for an eight-week period, depending on supply.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Many publications have pointed out that Mac n' Cheetos is part of a larger trend of blending fast foods with well-known snack foods, as well as reflecting the current state of fast food alliances.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik (also called Yupik, Central Yupik, or indigenously Yugtun) is one of the languages of the Yupik family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages spoken by Alaska Natives.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ As of 2010 it was also the second largest aboriginal language in the United States in terms of numbers of speakers.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Yup'ik should not be confused with the related language Central Siberian Yupik spoken in Chukotka and St. Lawrence Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing (or dance) or Yuraq, also Yuraqing (Yup'ik \"yuraq\" \"yurak\" \"yurat\" ) is a traditional Eskimo style dancing form usually performed to songs in Yup'ik, with dances choreographed for specific songs which the Yup'ik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik dance for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig dance for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing is set up in a very specific and cultural format.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Typically, the men are in the front, kneeling and the women stand in the back.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ The drummers are in the very back of the dance group.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay, Inc. is an American subsidiary of PepsiCo that manufactures, markets, and sells corn chips, potato chips, and other snack foods.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ The primary snack food brands produced under the Frito-Lay name include Fritos corn chips, Cheetos cheese-flavored snacks; Doritos and Tostitos tortilla chips; Lay's and Ruffles potato chips; Rold Gold pretzels; and Walkers potato crisps (in the UK and Ireland).", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Each brand has generated annual worldwide sales over $1 billion in 2009.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay began in the early 1930s as two separate companies, The Frito Company and H.W.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Lay & Company, which merged in 1961 to form Frito-Lay, Inc. Four years later in 1965, Frito-Lay, Inc. merged with the Pepsi-Cola Company, resulting in the formation of PepsiCo.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos () is an American brand of flavored tortilla chips produced since 1964 by Frito-Lay, a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original Doritos flavor is Nacho Cheese, though other flavors have since debuted for the company.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos originated in a restaurant at Disneyland.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos has also gained notoriety for its marketing campaigns, including many ads aired during the Super Bowl.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original product was made at the Casa de Fritos (now Rancho Del Zocalo) at Disneyland in Anaheim, California, during the early 1960s.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Using surplus tortillas and taking the original idea from the traditional Mexican snack known as totopo, the company-owned restaurant cut them up, fried them, and added basic seasoning, resembling the Mexican chilaquiles, but in this case being dry.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's is the name of a brand for a number of potato chip varieties, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the U.S. in 1932.", "Lay's __knowledge__ It is also called Frito-Lay.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's has been owned by PepsiCo since 1965.", "Lay's __knowledge__ \"Lay's\" is the company's primary brand, with the exception of limited markets where other brand names are used: Walkers in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Smith's in Australia; Chipsy in Egypt; Poca in Vietnam; Tapuchips in Israel; Margarita in Colombia; Sabritas in Mexico; and, formerly, Hostess in Canada.", "Lay's __knowledge__ In 1932, salesman Herman Lay opened a snack food operation in Dorset, Ohio; and, in 1938, he purchased the Atlanta, Georgia, potato chip manufacturer \"Barrett Food Company\", renaming it \"H.W.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo, Inc. is an American multinational food, snack, and beverage corporation headquartered in Purchase, New York.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo has interests in the manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of grain-based snack foods, beverages, and other products.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo was formed in 1965 with the merger of the Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay, Inc. PepsiCo has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which included an acquisition of Tropicana Products in 1998 and the Quaker Oats Company in 2001, which added the Gatorade brand to its portfolio.", "Frito-Lay Canada __knowledge__ Frito-Lay Canada, Inc. (formerly the Hostess Frito-Lay Company) is a Canadian division of the U.S.-based Frito-Lay owned as an subsidiary of PepsiCo that manufactures, markets and sells corn chips, potato chips and other snack foods.", "Frito-Lay Canada __knowledge__ The primary snack food brands produced under the Frito-Lay name include Fritos corn chips, Cheetos cheese-flavored snacks, Doritos and Tostitos tortilla chips, Lay's and Ruffles potato chips, Smartfood flavored popcorn and Rold Gold pretzels.", "Frito-Lay Canada __knowledge__ The company has production plants in Cambridge, Ontario; Lévis, Quebec; Kentville, Nova Scotia; and Taber/Lethbridge, Alberta.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "I like to eat cheetos. How about you?", "They're delicious and are a brand of cheese-flavored cornmeal snacks made by Frito-Lay", "Cheetos were invented in 1948 by Charles Elmer!" ]

[ "Cheetos", "Cheetos", "Cheetos" ]

[ "Violin\nI love the violin, are you a fan?", "I didn't know that they were the same instrument!", "Yeah, I've also heard of electric violins", "Wow, they seem like a versatile instrument" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ Gajanan Anant Joshi also Gajananbuwa Joshi (30 January 1911 – 1987) was a unique and versatile vocalist and a renowned violinist in the field of Hindustani music.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ Pandit Gajananrao Joshi also known, respectfully and affectionately, as Gajananbuwa Joshi came from a family of musicians.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ His grandfather Manohar had studied dhrupad and dhamar, and his father Anant Manohar Joshi was a distinguished khayal singer who had studied under Balakrishnabuwa Ichalkaranjikar.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ Gajananbuwa studied \"gayaki\" of Gwalior gharana under his father and also under other teachers in whom he found something to learn, and assimilated other styles in his art.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The six sonatas for violin and obbligato harpsichord BWV 1014–1019 by Johann Sebastian Bach are works in trio sonata form, with the two upper parts in the harpsichord and violin over a bass line supplied by the harpsichord and an optional viola da gamba.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ Unlike baroque sonatas for solo instrument and continuo, where the realisation of the figured bass was left to the discretion of the performer, the keyboard part in the sonatas was almost entirely specified by Bach.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ They were probably mostly composed during Bach's final years in Cöthen between 1720 and 1723, before he moved to Leipzig.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The extant sources for the collection span the whole of Bach's period in Leipzig, during which time he continued to make changes to the score.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ The harpsichord concertos, BWV 1052–1065, are concertos for harpsichord, strings and continuo by Johann Sebastian Bach.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ There are seven complete concertos for a single harpsichord (BWV 1052–1058), three concertos for two harpsichords (BWV 1060–1062), two concertos for three harpsichords (BWV 1063 and 1064), and one concerto for four harpsichords (BWV 1065).", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ Two other concertos include solo harpsichord parts: the concerto BWV 1044, which has solo parts for harpsichord, violin and flute, and \"Brandenburg Concerto\" No.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ 5 in D major, with the same scoring.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ In addition, there is a nine-bar concerto fragment for harpsichord (BWV 1059) which adds an oboe to the strings and continuo.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Since its inception in 1904, the London Symphony Orchestra has given its own series of concerts.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ In the beginning the Orchestra hired itself out both in London and elsewhere to other musical organisations and festivals, performing a limited number of its own concerts in a series at Queen's Hall in London.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Nowadays it promotes nearly all of its own concerts at the Barbican Centre in London.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ Hans Richter accepted the position of Principal Conductor, although he never gave all concerts in a season, sharing his time with the LSO with his position as conductor of the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester.", "List of performances by the London Symphony Orchestra __knowledge__ 9 June 1904 Hans Richter Wagner: Prelude to Die Meistersinger Bach: Orchestral Suite No.", "Edward Elgar __knowledge__ Sir Edward William Elgar, 1st Baronet (2 June 1857 – 23 February 1934) was an English composer, many of whose works have entered the British and international classical concert repertoire.", "Edward Elgar __knowledge__ Among his best-known compositions are orchestral works including the \"Enigma Variations\", the \"Pomp and Circumstance Marches\", concertos for violin and cello, and two symphonies.", "Edward Elgar __knowledge__ He also composed choral works, including \"The Dream of Gerontius\", chamber music and songs.", "Edward Elgar __knowledge__ He was appointed Master of the King's Musick in 1924.", "Edward Elgar __knowledge__ Although Elgar is often regarded as a typically English composer, most of his musical influences were not from England but from continental Europe.", "Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto __knowledge__ The Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto (), along with the Yellow River Piano Concerto, is one of the most famous orchestra works of Chinese music.", "Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto __knowledge__ It is an orchestral adaptation of an ancient legend, the \"Butterfly Lovers\".", "Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto __knowledge__ Written for the western style orchestra, it features a solo violin played using some Chinese techniques.", "Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto __knowledge__ \"The Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto\" is written in traditional 5-note technique (pentatonic scale), it uses many Chinese melodies, chord structures and patterns.", "Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto __knowledge__ This gives the piece a distinctive \"Chinese\" sound, though it uses tonal harmonies.", "Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto __knowledge__ \"The Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto\" was written in 1959 by two Chinese composers, He Zhanhao (何占豪, born 1933) and Chen Gang (陈钢, born 1935), while they were students at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument in the group known as \"internal duct flutes\"—flutes with a whistle mouthpiece.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ A recorder can be distinguished from other duct flutes by the presence of thumb-hole for the upper hand and seven finger-holes: three for the upper hand and four for the lower.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ It is the most prominent duct flute in the western classical tradition.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ Recorders are made in different sizes with names and compasses roughly corresponding to different vocal ranges.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The sizes most commonly in use today are the soprano (aka \"descant\", lowest note C), alto (aka \"treble\", lowest note F), tenor (lowest note C) and bass (lowest note F).", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Citole __knowledge__ The Citole, also spelled Sytole, Cytiole, Gytolle, was a string musical instrument, closely associated with the medieval fiddles (viol, vielle, gigue) and commonly used from 1200—1350 Like the modern guitar, it was manipulated at the neck to get different notes, and picked or strummed with a plectrum (the citole's was long, thick, straight and likely made of ivory or wood).", "Citole __knowledge__ Although it was largely out of use by the late 14th century, the Italians \"re-introduced it in modified form\" in the 16th Century as the cetra (cittern in English), and it was possibly ancestral to the guitar as well.", "Citole __knowledge__ It was also a pioneering instrument in England, introducing the populace to necked, plucked instruments, giving people the concepts needed to quickly switch to the newly arriving lutes and gitterns.", "Reflecting instrument __knowledge__ Reflecting instruments are those that use mirrors to enhance their ability to make measurements.", "Reflecting instrument __knowledge__ In particular, the use of mirrors permits one to observe two objects simultaneously while measuring the angular distance between the objects.", "Reflecting instrument __knowledge__ While reflecting instruments are used in many professions, they are primarily associated with celestial navigation as the need to solve navigation problems, in particular the problem of the longitude, was the primary motivation in their development.", "Reflecting instrument __knowledge__ The purpose of reflecting instruments is to allow an observer to measure the altitude of a celestial object or measure the angular distance between two objects.", "Piano __knowledge__ The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers.", "Piano __knowledge__ It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings.", "Piano __knowledge__ The word \"piano\" is a shortened form of \"pianoforte\", the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from \"gravicembalo col piano e forte\" and \"fortepiano\".", "Piano __knowledge__ The Italian musical terms \"piano\" and \"forte\" indicate \"soft\" and \"loud\" respectively, in this context referring to the variations in volume (i.e., loudness) produced in response to a pianist's touch or pressure on the keys: the greater the velocity of a key press, the greater the force of the hammer hitting the strings, and the louder the sound of the note produced and the stronger the attack.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The songwriting of American musician Brian Wilson, co-founder and multi-tasking leader of the Beach Boys, is widely considered to be among the most innovative and significant of the late 20th century.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ His combined arranging, producing, and songwriting skills also made him a major innovator in the field of music production.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In a 1966 article that asks \"Do the Beach Boys rely too much on sound genius Brian?\"", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ brother and bandmate Carl Wilson said that every member of the group contributes ideas, that Brian was most responsible for their music.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Wilson said: \"Brian Wilson \"is\" the Beach Boys.", "Fiddle __knowledge__ A fiddle is a bowed string musical instrument, most often a violin.", "Fiddle __knowledge__ It is also a colloquial term for the violin, used by players in all genres including classical music.", "Fiddle __knowledge__ Fiddle playing, or fiddling, refers to various styles of music.", "Fiddle __knowledge__ The fiddle is part of many traditional (folk) styles of music which are aural traditions, taught 'by ear' rather than via written music.", "Fiddle __knowledge__ There are few real distinctions between violins and fiddles, though more primitively constructed and smaller violins are more likely to be considered fiddles.", "Fiddle __knowledge__ Due to the style of the music played, fiddles may optionally be set up with a bridge with a flatter arch to reduce the range of right-arm motion needed for techniques such as the double shuffle, a form of bariolage involving rapid alternation between pairs of adjacent strings.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The Beatles: Rock Band is a 2009 music video game developed by Harmonix, published by MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ It is the third major console release in the \"Rock Band\" music video game series, in which players can simulate the playing of rock music by using controllers shaped like musical instruments.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ \"The Beatles: Rock Band\" is the first band-centric game in the series, and it is centered on the popular English rock group the Beatles.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The game features virtual portrayals of the four band members performing the songs throughout the band's history, including depictions of some of their famous live performances, as well as a number of \"dreamscape\" sequences for songs from the Abbey Road Studios recording sessions during the group's studio years.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The violin, viola, and cello were first made in the early 16th century, in Italy.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The earliest evidence for their existence is in paintings by Gaudenzio Ferrari from the 1530s, though Ferrari's instruments had only three strings.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The \"Academie musicale\", a treatise written in 1556 by Philibert Jambe de Fer, gives a clear description of the violin family much as we know it today.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ Violins are likely to have been developed from a number of other string instruments of the 15th and 16th centuries, including the vielle, rebec, and lira da braccio.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The history of bowed string instruments in Europe goes back to the 9th century with the Byzantine \"lira\" (or \"lūrā\", \"Greek: λύρα\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ An electric violin is a violin equipped with an electronic output of its sound.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ The term most properly refers to an instrument intentionally made to be electrified with built-in pickups, usually with a solid body.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ It can also refer to a violin fitted with an electric pickup of some type, although \"amplified violin\" or \"electro-acoustic violin\" are more accurate in that case.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ Electrically amplified violins have been used in one form or another since the 1920s; jazz and blues artist Stuff Smith is generally credited as being one of the first performers to adapt pickups and amplifiers to violins.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ The Electro Stringed Instrument Corporation, National String Instrument Corporation and Vega Company sold electric violins in the 1930s and 1940s; Fender produced a very small number of electric violins in 1958 (first production model pictured at the head of this page), and resissued it again in 1969 until 1975.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The violin, viola, and cello were first made in the early 16th century, in Italy.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The earliest evidence for their existence is in paintings by Gaudenzio Ferrari from the 1530s, though Ferrari's instruments had only three strings.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The \"Academie musicale\", a treatise written in 1556 by Philibert Jambe de Fer, gives a clear description of the violin family much as we know it today.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ Violins are likely to have been developed from a number of other string instruments of the 15th and 16th centuries, including the vielle, rebec, and lira da braccio.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The history of bowed string instruments in Europe goes back to the 9th century with the Byzantine \"lira\" (or \"lūrā\", \"Greek: λύρα\").", "Solid body __knowledge__ A solid-body musical instrument is a string instrument such as a guitar, bass or violin built without its normal sound box and relying on an electric pickup system to directly receive the vibrations of the strings.", "Solid body __knowledge__ Solid-body instruments are preferred in situations where acoustic feedback may otherwise be a problem and are inherently both less expensive to build and more rugged than acoustic electric instruments.", "Solid body __knowledge__ The most well-known solid body instruments are the electric guitar and electric bass.", "Solid body __knowledge__ These were instrumental in creating new genres of music such as rock and heavy metal.", "Solid body __knowledge__ Common woods used in the construction of solid body instruments are ash, alder, maple, mahogany, korina, spruce, rosewood, and ebony.", "Jazz violin __knowledge__ Jazz violin is the use of the violin or electric violin to improvise solo lines.", "Jazz violin __knowledge__ The earliest references to jazz performance using the violin as a solo instrument was during the first decades of the 20th century.", "Jazz violin __knowledge__ Early jazz violinists included Eddie South, who played violin with Jimmy Wade's Dixielanders in Chicago; Stuff Smith; Claude \"Fiddler\" Williams, who played with Andy Kirk and his Twelve Clouds of Joy.", "Jazz violin __knowledge__ Joe Venuti was best known for his work with guitarist Eddie Lang during the 1920s.", "Jazz violin __knowledge__ Georgie Stoll was a jazz violinist who became an orchestra leader and film music director.", "Jazz violin __knowledge__ Since that time there have been many superb improvising violinists including Noel Pointer, Stéphane Grappelli and Jean-Luc Ponty.", "Rock violin __knowledge__ Rock violin is rock music which utilizes violin in its instrumental lineup.", "Rock violin __knowledge__ This includes rock music only and does not include classical style music using melodic motifs from rock.", "Rock violin __knowledge__ Rock music and rock and roll bands typically utilize electric guitar for the high range and thus deploy violin only exceptionally.", "Rock violin __knowledge__ Nevertheless, some rock musicians have experimented with violin in a rock setting as either part of the backup (such as Paul McCartney's \"Eleanor Rigby\") or as a dual lead instrument sharing the spotlight, or alternating, with lead guitar.", "Rock violin __knowledge__ Violin as the featured lead instrument in the rock genre is a rarity and is more frequently associated with regional bands.", "Mark Wood (violinist) __knowledge__ Mark Winthrop Wood is an electric violinist, as well as the founder of Wood Violins, a company that makes unique electric violins.", "Mark Wood (violinist) __knowledge__ His music and strings education program has been featured on news programs nationwide.", "Mark Wood (violinist) __knowledge__ He is also an Emmy-winning composer and a former member of the Trans-Siberian Orchestra.", "Mark Wood (violinist) __knowledge__ Mark Wood studied under Dr. Richard Rusack at Paul D. Schreiber High School in Port Washington, New York before beginning his career with a full scholarship at the Juilliard School in New York and studied viola under William Lincer until he left.", "Mark Wood (violinist) __knowledge__ Wood was one of the violinists and an original member of the symphonic rock group Trans-Siberian Orchestra, which he left in 2009.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik (also called Yupik, Central Yupik, or indigenously Yugtun) is one of the languages of the Yupik family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages spoken by Alaska Natives.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ As of 2010 it was also the second largest aboriginal language in the United States in terms of numbers of speakers.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Yup'ik should not be confused with the related language Central Siberian Yupik spoken in Chukotka and St. Lawrence Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing (or dance) or Yuraq, also Yuraqing (Yup'ik \"yuraq\" \"yurak\" \"yurat\" ) is a traditional Eskimo style dancing form usually performed to songs in Yup'ik, with dances choreographed for specific songs which the Yup'ik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik dance for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig dance for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing is set up in a very specific and cultural format.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Typically, the men are in the front, kneeling and the women stand in the back.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ The drummers are in the very back of the dance group.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center (YPCC), also known as \"Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center and Museum\", formerly known as the \"Yup'ik Museum, Library, and Multipurpose Cultural Center\" (or \"Facility\"), is a non-profit cultural center of the Yup'ik (and sometimes Alaskan Athabaskan of the region) culture centrally located in Bethel, Alaska near the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Kuskokwim Campus and city offices.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The center is a unique facility that combines a museum, a library, and multi-purpose cultural activity center including performing arts space, for cultural gatherings, feasts, celebrations, meetings and classes.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Marie (Nick) Arnaq Meade (born 1947) is a Yup'ik professor in the humanities and also a Yup'ik tradition bearer.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade's Yup'ik name is Arnaq which means \"woman.\"", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She also works and travels with the International Council of Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade is also part of the Nunamta Yup'ik Dance Group.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade has been documenting the cultural knowledge of Yup'ik elders, including the values, language and beliefs of the Yup'ik people for over twenty years.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She is currently an instructor at the University of Alaska Anchorage.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade was born and raised in Nunapiciaq which is located between the Kuskokwim River and the Bering Sea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.", "Cuatro (Venezuela) __knowledge__ The cuatro of Venezuela has four single nylon strings, tuned (ad'f#'b).", "Cuatro (Venezuela) __knowledge__ It is similar in shape and tuning to the ukulele, but their character and playing technique are vastly different.", "Cuatro (Venezuela) __knowledge__ It is tuned in a similar fashion to the traditional D tuning of the ukulele, but the A and B are an octave lower.", "Cuatro (Venezuela) __knowledge__ Consequently, the same fingering can be used to shape the chords, but it produces a different inversion of each chord.", "Cuatro (Venezuela) __knowledge__ A cuatro player is called a \"cuatrista\".", "Cuatro (Venezuela) __knowledge__ Its 15th-Century ancestor was the Portuguese \"Cavaquinho\".", "Cuatro (Venezuela) __knowledge__ The predecessor of the Venezuelan cuatro is the four-string Spanish guitar which disappeared in the 16th century after a short period of surging popularity.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ The term Chinese orchestra is most commonly used to refer to the modern Chinese orchestra that is found in China and various overseas Chinese communities.", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ This modern Chinese orchestra first developed out of Jiangnan sizhu ensemble in the 1920s into a form that is based on the structure and principles of a Western symphony orchestra but using Chinese instruments.", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ The orchestra is divided into four sections - wind, plucked strings, bow strings, and percussion, and usually performs modernized traditional music called \"guoyue\".", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ The orchestra may be referred to as \"Minzu Yuetuan\" or \"Minzu Yuedui\" in mainland China, \"Zhongyuetuan\" in Hong Kong, \"Huayuetuan\" in South East Asia, or \"Guoyuetuan\" in Taiwan, all meaning Chinese orchestra.", "Irish traditional music __knowledge__ Irish traditional music (also known as Irish trad, Irish folk music, and other variants) is a genre of folk music that developed in Ireland.", "Irish traditional music __knowledge__ In \"A History of Irish Music\" (1905), W. H. Grattan Flood wrote that, in Gaelic Ireland, there were at least ten instruments in general use.", "Irish traditional music __knowledge__ These were the \"cruit\" (a small harp) and \"clairseach\" (a bigger harp with typically 30 strings), the \"timpan\" (a small string instrument played with a bow or plectrum), the \"feadan\" (a fife), the \"buinne\" (an oboe or flute), the \"guthbuinne\" (a bassoon-type horn), the \"bennbuabhal\" and \"corn\" (hornpipes), the \"cuislenna\" (bagpipes – see Great Irish Warpipes), the \"stoc\" and \"sturgan\" (clarions or trumpets), and the \"cnamha\" (castanets).", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ Some music ensembles consist solely of instruments, such as the jazz quartet or the orchestra.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ Some music ensembles consist solely of singers, such as choirs and doo wop groups.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ In both popular music and classical music, there are ensembles in which both instrumentalists and singers perform, such as the rock band or the Baroque chamber group for basso continuo (harpsichord and cello) and one or more singers.", "Musical ensemble __knowledge__ In classical music, trios or quartets either blend the sounds of musical instrument families (such as piano, strings, and wind instruments) or group together instruments from the same instrument family, such as string ensembles (e.g., string quartet) or wind ensembles (e.g., wind quintet).", "Orchestra __knowledge__ An orchestra ( or ; ) is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which mixes instruments from different families, including bowed string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, each grouped in sections.", "Orchestra __knowledge__ Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes appear in a fifth keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and, for performances of some modern compositions, electronic instruments.", "Orchestra __knowledge__ The term \"orchestra\" derives from the Greek ὀορχήστρα (\"orchestra\"), the name for the area in front of a stage in ancient Greek theatre reserved for the Greek chorus.", "Music of India __knowledge__ The music of India includes multiple varieties of Indian classical music, folk music, filmi and Indian pop.", "Music of India __knowledge__ India's classical music tradition, including Hindustani music and Carnatic, has a history spanning millennia and developed over several areas.", "Music of India __knowledge__ Music in India began as an integral part of socio-religious life.", "Music of India __knowledge__ The 30,000 years old paleolithic and neolithic cave paintings at the UNESCO world heritage site at Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh shows music instruments and dance.", "Music of India __knowledge__ Dancing Girl sculpture (2500 BCE) was found from the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) site.", "Music of India __knowledge__ There are IVC-era painting on pottery of man with dhol hanging from his neck and a women holding a drum under her left arm." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 7, 6 ]

[ "A bit. I do admit it has its place in certain songs. Also, violins are informally known as fiddles", "Yup! It's the smallest and high pitched in their family. So, they have distinctive sounds", "Those are even more unique xD Violins themselves, though, are most prominent in western classical ensambles. They also are commonly used in jazz and country", "They are! They're an important instrument in a wide array of musical genres. You've probably heard many songs with one!" ]

[ "Violin", "Violin", "Violin", "Violin" ]

[ "Southern Baptist Convention\nWhat religion are you? I'm Southern Baptist.", "I don't know a lot about it, though. When did it start?", "Wow, that's a lot. Is it more popular in some areas of the country than in others?", "Cool, very interesting. Do you know any famous people who were Southern Baptist?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the tenets of soul competency/liberty, salvation through faith alone, scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists generally recognize two ordinances, baptism and the Lord's supper.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant, though some Baptists disavow this identity.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Diverse from their beginning, those identifying as Baptists today differ widely from one another in what they believe, how they worship, their attitudes toward other Christians, and their understanding of what is important in Christian discipleship.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Beginning in 1960, the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) experienced an intense struggle for control of the organization.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Its initiators called it the Conservative Resurgence while its detractors labeled it the Fundamentalist Takeover.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was launched with the charge that the seminaries and denominational agencies were dominated by liberals.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ The movement was primarily aimed at reorienting the denomination away from a liberal trajectory and towards an unambiguous affirmation of biblical inerrancy.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was achieved by the systematic election, beginning in 1979, of conservative individuals to lead the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist Church is a large Southern Baptist megachurch in the Cordova area of Memphis, Tennessee, United States.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue is the largest church in Memphis and is one of the leading churches in the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue's goals are to \"Love God, Love People, Share Jesus, and Make Disciples.\"", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church's head pastor has been Dr. Steve Gaines since 2005.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist was founded in 1903 by Central Baptist Church as a mission church on the outskirts of Memphis.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ With a small $1,000 gift from member Fannie Jobe, Pastor Thomas Potts led the congregation to build a one-room stone chapel at the corner of Bellevue and Erskine Avenues.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ There are about 33 million self-professed Baptists in the United States who make up a significant portion of evangelicals in the United States and approximately one third of all Protestants in the United States; at the same time this also makes them the second largest religious grouping following Roman Catholics in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ About 16 million Baptists belong to congregations affiliated with Southern Baptist Convention, the largest such confederation of Baptists.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ More than 40% of all Baptists worldwide reside in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ The largest denomination among African Americans is the National Baptist Convention, with 7.5 million members, along with the smaller but more liberal Progressive National Baptist Convention (PNBC), with over 2000 churches and a total membership of 2.5 million.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ American Baptist College (also known as American Baptist Theological Seminary or ABTS) is a small, predominantly African American liberal arts college located in Nashville, Tennessee.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Founded in 1924, its predecessor in black Baptist education was Roger Williams University, a Nashville college begun in the late-19th century and closed in the early 20th century (Its campus is now occupied by Peabody College of Vanderbilt University).", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Upon full accreditation by the American Association of Bible Colleges, ABTS officially dropped use of the term \"Theological Seminary\" and renamed itself American Baptist College of ABTS.", "Christian heresy in the modern era __knowledge__ Although less common than in the medieval period, formal charges of heresy within Christian churches still occur.", "Christian heresy in the modern era __knowledge__ Key issues in the Protestant churches have included modern biblical criticism, the nature of God, and the acceptability of homosexual clergy.", "Christian heresy in the modern era __knowledge__ The Catholic Church, through the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, appears to be particularly concerned with academic theology.", "Christian heresy in the modern era __knowledge__ In modern times, formal heresy has become largely an internal, professional issue for most Christian churches.", "Christian heresy in the modern era __knowledge__ Before and during the English Reformation, actions for heresy could be brought against both clergy and laity, and could be brought by the national established church against a minority faction or new sect." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Christianity in the United States __knowledge__ Christianity is the most adhered to religion in the United States, with 75% of polled American adults identifying themselves as Christian in 2015.", "Christianity in the United States __knowledge__ This is down from 85% in 1990, lower than 81.6% in 2001, and slightly lower than 78% in 2012.", "Christianity in the United States __knowledge__ About 62% of those polled claim to be members of a church congregation.", "Christianity in the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the largest Christian population in the world, with nearly 280 million Christians, although other countries have higher percentages of Christians among their populations.", "Christianity in the United States __knowledge__ All Protestant denominations accounted for 51.3%, while the Catholic Church by itself, at 23.9%, was the largest individual denomination.", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ __knowledge__ The Church of the United Brethren in Christ is an evangelical Christian denomination based in Huntington, Indiana.", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ __knowledge__ It is a Protestant denomination of episcopal structure, Arminian theology, with roots in the Mennonite and German Reformed communities of 18th-century Pennsylvania, as well as close ties to Methodism.", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ __knowledge__ It was organized in 1800 by Martin Boehm and Philip William Otterbein and is the first American denomination that was not transplanted from Europe.", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ __knowledge__ It emerged from United Brethren churches that were at first unorganized, and not all of which joined this church when it was formally organized in 1800, following a 1789 conference at the Otterbein Church (Baltimore, Maryland).", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ The United Methodist Church (UMC) is a mainline Protestant denomination and a major part of Methodism.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ In the 19th century, its main predecessor—the Methodist Episcopal Church—was a leader in Evangelicalism.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ The present denomination was founded in 1968 in Dallas, Texas by union of the Methodist Church and the Evangelical United Brethren Church.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ The UMC traces its roots back to the revival movement of John and Charles Wesley in England as well as the Great Awakening in the United States.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ As such, the church's theological orientation is decidedly Wesleyan.", "United Methodist Church __knowledge__ It embraces both liturgical and evangelical elements.", "Church of the Nazarene __knowledge__ The Church of the Nazarene is an evangelical Christian denomination that emerged from the 19th-century Holiness movement in North America.", "Church of the Nazarene __knowledge__ With its members commonly referred to as Nazarenes, it is the largest Wesleyan-holiness denomination in the world.", "Church of the Nazarene __knowledge__ At the end of September 2016 the Church of the Nazarene had 2,471,553 members in 30,574 churches in 162 different \"world areas\".", "Church of the Nazarene __knowledge__ The Church of the Nazarene uses \"world area\" to describe countries and areas that are a part of a country, but may be known by a different name.", "Church of the Nazarene __knowledge__ More than 20 of the denomination's 162 world areas fall into this category, such as Guam, a U.S. territory on the Asia-Pacific Region.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ It originated with the Reformation, a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Ever since, Protestants reject the Roman Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy and sacraments, but disagree among themselves regarding the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ They emphasize the priesthood of all believers, justification by faith alone (') rather than by good works, and the highest authority of the Bible alone (rather than with sacred tradition) in faith and morals (').", "Christianity in Lebanon __knowledge__ Christianity in Lebanon has a long and continuous history.", "Christianity in Lebanon __knowledge__ Biblical Scriptures purport that Peter and Paul evangelized to the Phoenicians, whom they affiliated to the ancient patriarchate of Antioch.", "Christianity in Lebanon __knowledge__ The spread of Christianity in Mount Lebanon was very slow where paganism persisted in mountaintop strongholds.", "Christianity in Lebanon __knowledge__ A 2015 study estimates some 2,500 Lebanese Christians have Muslim ancestry, whereas the majority of Lebanese Christians are direct descendants of the original early Christians.", "Christianity in Lebanon __knowledge__ Proportionally, Lebanon has the highest rate of Christians in the Middle East, where the percentage ranges between 39% and 40.5%, followed directly by Egypt and Syria where most likely Christians account for about 10 percent." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the tenets of soul competency/liberty, salvation through faith alone, scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists generally recognize two ordinances, baptism and the Lord's supper.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant, though some Baptists disavow this identity.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Diverse from their beginning, those identifying as Baptists today differ widely from one another in what they believe, how they worship, their attitudes toward other Christians, and their understanding of what is important in Christian discipleship.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ It originated with the Reformation, a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Ever since, Protestants reject the Roman Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy and sacraments, but disagree among themselves regarding the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ They emphasize the priesthood of all believers, justification by faith alone (') rather than by good works, and the highest authority of the Bible alone (rather than with sacred tradition) in faith and morals (').", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake (minor-planet designation 136472 Makemake) is a dwarf planet and perhaps the largest Kuiper belt object in the classical population, with a diameter approximately two thirds that of Pluto.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake has one known satellite, S/2015 (136472) 1.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake's extremely low average temperature, about , means its surface is covered with methane, ethane, and possibly nitrogen ices.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake was discovered on March 31, 2005, by a team led by Michael E. Brown, and announced on July 29, 2005.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Initially, it was known as and later given the minor-planet number 136472.", "Makemake __knowledge__ Makemake was recognized as a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in July 2008.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) is a Baptist church which is known for its use of inflammatory hate speech, especially against LGBT people (homophobia), Catholics (anti-Catholicism), Orthodox Christians (anti-Orthodoxy), Muslims (Islamophobia), Jews (antisemitism), U.S. soldiers and politicians (anti-Americanism).", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church is widely known as a hate group and is monitored as such by the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church has been involved in actions against gay people since at least 1991, when it sought a crackdown on homosexual activity at Gage Park six blocks northwest of the church.", "Protestantism in the United States __knowledge__ Protestantism is the largest group of Christians in the United States with its combined denominations collectively accounting for about half the country's population or 150 million people.", "Protestantism in the United States __knowledge__ Simultaneously, this corresponds to around 20% of the world's total Protestant population.", "Protestantism in the United States __knowledge__ America has the largest number of Protestants of any country in the world.", "Protestantism in the United States __knowledge__ Baptists account for about one third of American Protestants.", "Protestantism in the United States __knowledge__ Southern Baptist Convention is the largest single Protestant denomination in the United States with one-tenth of American Protestants.", "Protestantism in the United States __knowledge__ The country's history is often traced back to the Pilgrim Fathers whose Brownist beliefs motivated their move from England to the New World.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ The Triennial Convention (so-called because it met every three years) was the first national Baptist denomination in the United States.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ Officially named the General Missionary Convention of the Baptist Denomination in the United States of America for Foreign Missions, it was formed in 1814 to advance missionary work and headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ In a dispute over slavery and missions policy, Baptist churches in the South separated from the Triennial Convention and established the Southern Baptist Convention in 1845.", "Triennial Convention __knowledge__ This split left the Triennial Convention largely Northern in membership." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States, and the second-largest Christian denomination in the United States after the Catholic Church.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgia, by Baptists in the Southern United States who split with northern Baptists over the issue of slavery, specifically whether Southern slave owners could serve as missionaries.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ After the American Civil War, another split occurred when most freedmen set up independent black congregations, regional associations, and state and national conventions, such as the National Baptist Convention, which became the second-largest Baptist convention by the end of the 19th century.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Others joined new African-American denominations, chiefly the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, as the first independent black denomination in the United States.", "Southern Baptist Convention __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the tenets of soul competency/liberty, salvation through faith alone, scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptists generally recognize two ordinances, baptism and the Lord's supper.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant, though some Baptists disavow this identity.", "Baptists __knowledge__ Diverse from their beginning, those identifying as Baptists today differ widely from one another in what they believe, how they worship, their attitudes toward other Christians, and their understanding of what is important in Christian discipleship.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Beginning in 1960, the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) experienced an intense struggle for control of the organization.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ Its initiators called it the Conservative Resurgence while its detractors labeled it the Fundamentalist Takeover.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was launched with the charge that the seminaries and denominational agencies were dominated by liberals.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ The movement was primarily aimed at reorienting the denomination away from a liberal trajectory and towards an unambiguous affirmation of biblical inerrancy.", "Southern Baptist Convention conservative resurgence __knowledge__ It was achieved by the systematic election, beginning in 1979, of conservative individuals to lead the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist Church is a large Southern Baptist megachurch in the Cordova area of Memphis, Tennessee, United States.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue is the largest church in Memphis and is one of the leading churches in the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue's goals are to \"Love God, Love People, Share Jesus, and Make Disciples.\"", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church's head pastor has been Dr. Steve Gaines since 2005.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ Bellevue Baptist was founded in 1903 by Central Baptist Church as a mission church on the outskirts of Memphis.", "Bellevue Baptist Church __knowledge__ With a small $1,000 gift from member Fannie Jobe, Pastor Thomas Potts led the congregation to build a one-room stone chapel at the corner of Bellevue and Erskine Avenues.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ American Baptist College (also known as American Baptist Theological Seminary or ABTS) is a small, predominantly African American liberal arts college located in Nashville, Tennessee.", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Founded in 1924, its predecessor in black Baptist education was Roger Williams University, a Nashville college begun in the late-19th century and closed in the early 20th century (Its campus is now occupied by Peabody College of Vanderbilt University).", "American Baptist College __knowledge__ Upon full accreditation by the American Association of Bible Colleges, ABTS officially dropped use of the term \"Theological Seminary\" and renamed itself American Baptist College of ABTS.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ There are about 33 million self-professed Baptists in the United States who make up a significant portion of evangelicals in the United States and approximately one third of all Protestants in the United States; at the same time this also makes them the second largest religious grouping following Roman Catholics in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ About 16 million Baptists belong to congregations affiliated with Southern Baptist Convention, the largest such confederation of Baptists.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ More than 40% of all Baptists worldwide reside in the United States.", "Baptists in the United States __knowledge__ The largest denomination among African Americans is the National Baptist Convention, with 7.5 million members, along with the smaller but more liberal Progressive National Baptist Convention (PNBC), with over 2000 churches and a total membership of 2.5 million.", "Gateway Seminary __knowledge__ Gateway Seminary (\"GS\") [previously known as Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary (\"GGBTS\")] is a graduate school affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention.", "Gateway Seminary __knowledge__ The theological seminary system has five physical campuses and one virtual location: During the 2010–11 academic year, there were more than 2,000 enrolled, making it one of the largest seminaries in the United States.", "Gateway Seminary __knowledge__ The seminary is accredited by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada and the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.", "Gateway Seminary __knowledge__ The desire to provide training for Christian workers to minister to the masses in California led Harvey Gilbert, a Southern Baptist home missionary, to establish the San Rafael Baptist Institute in 1859 in Marin County.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. (or simply National Baptist Convention) is the largest predominantly African-American Christian denomination in the United States.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ It is headquartered at the Baptist World Center in Nashville, Tennessee.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The denomination claims approximately 31,000 congregations.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The Convention reports having an estimated 7.5 million members.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ The root of cooperative efforts began in the Antebellum period.", "National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. __knowledge__ Both free blacks and slaves were welcomed into the Baptist Church by missionaries in the First Great Awakening, and the second Awakening in the early 19th century brought in more members." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6 ]

[ "I am too! It is a Christian denomination based in the United States.", "Well today With more than 15 million members , it is the world's largest Baptist denomination", "Mostly the south, The word \"Southern\" in Southern Baptist Convention stems from it having been organized in 1845 at Augusta, Georgi", "I dont really but since the 40's the Southern Baptist Convention has shifted from some of its regional and historical identification." ]

[ "Southern Baptist Convention", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Southern Baptist Convention" ]

[ "BMW", "Same here, they look great!", "That's such a long time ago, damn.", "Wow, that's really interesting!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW (\"Bayerische Motoren Werke\" in German, or Bavarian Motor Works in English) is a German multinational automotive manufacturing company which currently produces automobiles and motorcycles, and also produced aircraft engines until 1945.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1916 and has its headquarters in Munich, Bavaria.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW produces motor vehicles in Germany, Brazil, China, India, South Africa and the United States.", "BMW __knowledge__ In 2015, BMW was the world's twelfth largest producer of motor vehicles, with 2,279,503 vehicles produced.", "BMW __knowledge__ The Quandt family are long-term shareholders of the company, with the remaining stocks owned by public float.", "BMW __knowledge__ Automobiles are marketed under the brands BMW (with sub-brands BMW M for performance models and BMW i for plug-in electric cars), Mini and Rolls-Royce.", "BMW __knowledge__ Motorcycles are marketed under the brand BMW Motorrad.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company has significant motorsport history, especially in touring cars, Formula 1, sports cars and the Isle of Man TT.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW's origins can be traced back to three separate German companies: Rapp Motorenwerke, Bayerische Flugzeugwerke and Automobilwerk Eisenach.", "BMW __knowledge__ The history of the name itself begins with Rapp Motorenwerke, an aircraft engine manufacturer.", "BMW __knowledge__ In April 1917, following the departure of the founder Karl Friedrich Rapp, the company was renamed Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW).. BMW's first product was the BMW IIIa aircraft engine." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW (\"Bayerische Motoren Werke\" in German, or Bavarian Motor Works in English) is a German multinational automotive manufacturing company which currently produces automobiles and motorcycles, and also produced aircraft engines until 1945.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1916 and has its headquarters in Munich, Bavaria.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW produces motor vehicles in Germany, Brazil, China, India, South Africa and the United States.", "BMW __knowledge__ In 2015, BMW was the world's twelfth largest producer of motor vehicles, with 2,279,503 vehicles produced.", "BMW __knowledge__ The Quandt family are long-term shareholders of the company, with the remaining stocks owned by public float.", "BMW __knowledge__ Automobiles are marketed under the brands BMW (with sub-brands BMW M for performance models and BMW i for plug-in electric cars), Mini and Rolls-Royce.", "BMW __knowledge__ Motorcycles are marketed under the brand BMW Motorrad.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company has significant motorsport history, especially in touring cars, Formula 1, sports cars and the Isle of Man TT.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW's origins can be traced back to three separate German companies: Rapp Motorenwerke, Bayerische Flugzeugwerke and Automobilwerk Eisenach.", "BMW __knowledge__ The history of the name itself begins with Rapp Motorenwerke, an aircraft engine manufacturer.", "BMW __knowledge__ In April 1917, following the departure of the founder Karl Friedrich Rapp, the company was renamed Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW).. BMW's first product was the BMW IIIa aircraft engine.", "Philip Grausman __knowledge__ Philip Grausman (born July 16, 1935) is an American sculptor who continues to push the limits of the time-honored portrait in art.", "Philip Grausman __knowledge__ His early work focused on natural forms representing buds and seeds, and this exploration led him to the underlying structure and form of the human head.", "Philip Grausman __knowledge__ His monumental heads of fiberglass display a subtle hand, and the lack of detail makes a stunning presentation.", "Philip Grausman __knowledge__ He also continues to create reductivist portraits at normal scale, experimenting with various metals with matte finishes to accomplish his vision.", "Philip Grausman __knowledge__ Grausman has received numerous awards, including the Rome Prize in Sculpture, a Ford Foundation Purchase Award, and grants from the National Institute of Arts and Letters and The Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation among others.", "John Roach (shipbuilder) __knowledge__ John Roach (December 25, 1815 – January 10, 1887) was an American industrialist who rose from humble origins as an Irish immigrant laborer to found the largest and most productive shipbuilding empire in the postbellum United States, John Roach & Sons.", "John Roach (shipbuilder) __knowledge__ Roach emigrated to the United States at the age of sixteen in 1832, eventually finding employment at the Howell Works of James P. Allaire in New Jersey, where he learned the ironmolder's trade.", "John Roach (shipbuilder) __knowledge__ Following an abortive attempt at farming in Illinois in 1839, Roach returned to Allaire's employment at the Allaire Iron Works in New York City, where he learned how to build marine steam engines.", "H.R. Gray __knowledge__ H.R.", "H.R. Gray __knowledge__ Gray is a construction management company specializing in construction management, cost estimating, project management, scheduling, claims avoidance, and ADA compliance.", "H.R. Gray __knowledge__ Engineering science and contract document knowledge is used to decide construction claims or litigation.", "H.R. Gray __knowledge__ To date, H.R.", "H.R. Gray __knowledge__ Gray has worked on several projects totaling more than $2 billion, with the majority of their $4 to 5 million in annual revenue coming from public works projects H.R.", "H.R. Gray __knowledge__ Gray has offices in Columbus, OH; Akron, OH; Lexington, KY; and Austin, TX.", "H.R. Gray __knowledge__ The company has had other project offices in Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and North Carolina.", "American propaganda during World War II __knowledge__ During active American involvement in World War II (1941–45), propaganda was used to increase support for the war and commitment to an Allied victory.", "American propaganda during World War II __knowledge__ Using a vast array of media, propagandists instigated hatred for the enemy and support for America's allies, urged greater public effort for war production and victory gardens, persuaded people to save some of their material so that more material could be used for the war effort, and sold war bonds.", "American propaganda during World War II __knowledge__ Patriotism became the central theme of advertising throughout the war, as large scale campaigns were launched to sell war bonds, promote efficiency in factories, reduce ugly rumors, and maintain civilian morale.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas, United States are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 700 is located in Howard County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ It runs from Business I-20 in Big Spring to US 87 north of Big Spring.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ FM 700 was designated on November 8, 1946 from US 80 (now I-20 Bus.)", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ west of Big Spring to the north boundary of the Air Force Training School Area.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ This was formerly \"War Highway 14\" from 1942 to 1946.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ On October 16, 1951 the road was extended east 2.5 miles to US 87, replacing a section of PR 8.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (700–799) __knowledge__ On August 1, 1957 the road was extended east and north 4.3 miles.", "Yamada Corporation __knowledge__ Subsidiaries: Affiliated companies: Yamada was a representative of Lockheed Martin for the Army Tactical Missile System (ATACMS,) which is capable of reaching North Korea and Liancourt Rocks from Japan's mainland.", "Yamada Corporation __knowledge__ The ATACMS has been displayed in the exhibition sponsored by the Congressional National Security Research Group (安全保障議員協議会), which is administered by Naoki Akiyama (秋山 直紀), the managing executive for Japan-U.S. Center for Peace and Cultural Exchange (日米平和・文化交流協会 ex Japan-U.S.", "Yamada Corporation __knowledge__ Cultural Society, 日米文化振興会).", "Yamada Corporation __knowledge__ On November 2, 2007, Yomiuri Shimbun reported General Electric's decision to temporarily suspend its agreements with Yamada Corporation, the representative for C-X engine as well as its subsidiary Yamada International Corp.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "History of BMW __knowledge__ BMW AG originated with three other manufacturing companies, Rapp Motorenwerke and Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFw) in Bavaria, and Fahrzeugfabrik Eisenach in Thuringia.", "History of BMW __knowledge__ The company is now known as BMW or Bayerische Motoren Werke.", "History of BMW __knowledge__ Aircraft engine manufacturer Rapp Motorenwerke became Bayerische Motorenwerke in 1916.", "History of BMW __knowledge__ The engine manufacturer, which built proprietary industrial engines after World War I, was then bought by the owner of BFw who then merged BFw into BMW and moved the engine works onto BFw's premises.", "History of BMW __knowledge__ BFw's motorcycle sideline was improved upon by BMW and became an integral part of their business.", "BMW M3 __knowledge__ The BMW M3 is a high-performance version of the BMW 3 Series, developed by BMW's in-house motorsport division, BMW M GmbH.", "BMW M3 __knowledge__ M3 models have been derived from the E30, E36, E46, E90/E92/E93 and F80.", "BMW M3 __knowledge__ The initial model was a coupe body style.", "BMW M3 __knowledge__ At times the M3 has also been available in sedan and convertible body styles.", "BMW M3 __knowledge__ Due to the 4 Series coupe and convertible models no longer being part of the 3 Series range from 2015, the F82/F83 coupe and convertible models are now called the M4.", "BMW M3 __knowledge__ The M3 name remains in use solely for the saloon version.", "BMW M3 __knowledge__ Upgrades over the \"standard\" 3 Series automobiles include more powerful and responsive engines, improved handling/suspension/braking systems, aerodynamic body enhancements, lightweight components, and interior/exterior accents with the tri-colour \"M\" (Motorsport) emblem.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ BMW's motorcycle history began in 1921 when the company commenced manufacturing engines for other companies.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ Motorcycle manufacturing now operates under the BMW Motorrad brand.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ BMW \"(Bayerische Motoren Werke AG)\" introduced the first motorcycle under its name, the R32, in 1923 to 1925.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ BMW began in 1916 as a reorganization of Rapp Motorenwerke, an aircraft engine manufacturer that began production before World War I.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ With the Armistice, the Treaty of Versailles banned the German air force and the manufacture of aircraft in Germany, so the company turned to making air brakes, industrial engines, agricultural machinery, toolboxes and office furniture and then to motorcycles and cars.", "BMW in motorsport __knowledge__ Throughout its history, BMW cars and motorcycles have been successful in a range of motorsport activities.", "BMW in motorsport __knowledge__ Apart from the factory efforts, many privateer teams enter BMW road cars in Touring car racing.", "BMW in motorsport __knowledge__ BMW also entered cars or provided engines in Formula One, Formula Two and sportscar racing.", "BMW in motorsport __knowledge__ BMW is currently active in ALMS, the World Touring Car Championship (WTCC), the Isle of Man TT, the North West 200, the Superbike World Championship and the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (German Touring Car Championship).", "BMW in motorsport __knowledge__ An outstanding role has been played by the 1,500 cc BMW M10 engine block.", "BMW in motorsport __knowledge__ The four-cylinder started with modest in 1961, became successful in touring cars, developed over in 1970s Formula Two, and at the ripe age of a quarter century, produced almost twentyfold its original power in the 1986 turbocharged BMW M12/13/1, producing an outstanding 1400 hp.", "BMW i __knowledge__ The BMW i is a sub-brand of BMW founded in 2011 to design and manufacture plug-in electric vehicles.", "BMW i __knowledge__ The company's initial plans call for the release of two vehicles; the i3 all-electric car and the i8 plug-in hybrid.", "BMW i __knowledge__ Concept versions of both these vehicles were shown at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show.", "BMW i __knowledge__ Series production of the BMW i3 destined for retail customers began in September 2013, and the European market launch took place in November 2013 with the first retail deliveries in Germany.", "BMW i __knowledge__ The BMW i8 was launched in Germany in June 2014.", "BMW i __knowledge__ The United States, Norway, Germany, and the UK are the main markets for both models." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW (\"Bayerische Motoren Werke\" in German, or Bavarian Motor Works in English) is a German multinational automotive manufacturing company which currently produces automobiles and motorcycles, and also produced aircraft engines until 1945.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1916 and has its headquarters in Munich, Bavaria.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW produces motor vehicles in Germany, Brazil, China, India, South Africa and the United States.", "BMW __knowledge__ In 2015, BMW was the world's twelfth largest producer of motor vehicles, with 2,279,503 vehicles produced.", "BMW __knowledge__ The Quandt family are long-term shareholders of the company, with the remaining stocks owned by public float.", "BMW __knowledge__ Automobiles are marketed under the brands BMW (with sub-brands BMW M for performance models and BMW i for plug-in electric cars), Mini and Rolls-Royce.", "BMW __knowledge__ Motorcycles are marketed under the brand BMW Motorrad.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company has significant motorsport history, especially in touring cars, Formula 1, sports cars and the Isle of Man TT.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW's origins can be traced back to three separate German companies: Rapp Motorenwerke, Bayerische Flugzeugwerke and Automobilwerk Eisenach.", "BMW __knowledge__ The history of the name itself begins with Rapp Motorenwerke, an aircraft engine manufacturer.", "BMW __knowledge__ In April 1917, following the departure of the founder Karl Friedrich Rapp, the company was renamed Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW).. BMW's first product was the BMW IIIa aircraft engine.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago (; literally \"Our Story\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the first of a two-part series.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The film commemorates Singapore's 50th birthday and stars Aileen Tan, Mark Lee and Wang Lei as the main casts.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The story spans from 1965 to the early 1970s.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Heavily pregnant Zhao Di, the unwanted second wife of an older man, was chased out by her husband's family and forced to return to her own family.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ She eventually gave birth to twins, Shun Fatt and Su-Fang.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ As Su-Fang had two moles on her face, which was said to be bad luck, Zhao Di decided to give her up due to the pressure of wanting to build a better life for the rest of her family.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Happenings Ten Years Time Ago __knowledge__ \"Happenings Ten Years Time Ago\" is a 1966 song by the English rock band the Yardbirds.", "Happenings Ten Years Time Ago __knowledge__ It encompasses the musical genres psychedelic rock, psychedelic pop, and has been described as a prototype of heavy metal music.", "Happenings Ten Years Time Ago __knowledge__ With special effects and dual lead guitars by Jeff Beck and Jimmy Page, it was considered groundbreaking for the time.", "Happenings Ten Years Time Ago __knowledge__ However, it only made a modest showing in the record charts and ended the group's six Top 20 singles run in the UK and US The Yardbirds recorded \"Happenings Ten Years Time Ago\" after the sessions for \"Yardbirds\" (also known as \"Roger the Engineer\" (UK) and \"Over Under Sideways Down\" (US)).", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The Best Damn Sports Show Period is an American sports television show that aired on Fox Sports Net and Comcast SportsNet.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The show regularly featured irreverent and opinionated interviews with top athletes, coaches, celebrities, and entertainers.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ It also aired \"Top 50\" countdown shows and other sports specialty shows.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ Since its debut on July 23, 2001, \"BDSSP\" welcomed thousands of guests and aired more than 1,300 episodes.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The last original show aired June 30, 2009; however, FSN will tape a handful of \"Top 50\" specials.", "The Best Damn Sports Show Period __knowledge__ The show aired weeknights at 9 p.m. and 11 p.m. local time, usually after \"FSN Final Score\", or later if there was a local live sporting event that ran longer than expected, depending on the region and telecast schedule.", "Damn (Kendrick Lamar album) __knowledge__ Damn (stylized as DAMN.)", "Damn (Kendrick Lamar album) __knowledge__ is the fourth studio album by American rapper Kendrick Lamar.", "Damn (Kendrick Lamar album) __knowledge__ It was released on April 14, 2017, by Top Dawg Entertainment, Aftermath Entertainment and Interscope Records.", "Damn (Kendrick Lamar album) __knowledge__ The album features production from a variety of record producers, including executive producer and Top Dawg Entertainment label-head Anthony \"Top Dawg\" Tiffith, Sounwave, DJ Dahi, Mike Will Made It and Ricci Riera; as well as further production contributions from James Blake, Steve Lacy, BadBadNotGood, Greg Kurstin, The Alchemist and 9th Wonder, among others.", "Damn (Kendrick Lamar album) __knowledge__ \"Damn\" received widespread critical acclaim and topped the charts in the United States and Canada while reaching number two in Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.", "The Best Damn Thing __knowledge__ The Best Damn Thing is the third studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne.", "The Best Damn Thing __knowledge__ It was released on 17 April 2007 by RCA Records.", "The Best Damn Thing __knowledge__ The album represents a musical departure from her earlier studio album \"Under My Skin\" (2004) which incorporates more elements of post-grunge music.", "The Best Damn Thing __knowledge__ \"The Best Damn Thing\" is seen by critics as Lavigne's most commercial effort.", "The Best Damn Thing __knowledge__ The album was noted as her first effort to feature a wide range of producers for the studio album, including Matt Beckley, Rob Cavallo, Dr. Luke and Lavigne herself who was referenced as the executive producer.", "The Best Damn Thing __knowledge__ Upon its release, \"The Best Damn Thing\" received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised her transition from grungey alternative rock music to more pop-punk music, with it being catchy and very radio-friendly.", "Munich __knowledge__ Munich (; , , , ) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.", "Munich __knowledge__ Munich is also the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and the 12th largest city in the European Union, with a population of around 1.5 million.", "Munich __knowledge__ The Munich Metropolitan Region is home to 6 million people.", "Munich __knowledge__ The city is a major centre of art, technology, finance, publishing, culture, innovation, education, business, and tourism in Germany and Europe and enjoys a very high standard and quality of living, reaching first in Germany and fourth worldwide according to the 2015 Mercer survey.", "History of Bavaria __knowledge__ The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and its formation as a stem duchy in the 6th century through its inclusion in the Holy Roman Empire to its status as an independent kingdom and finally as a large \"Bundesland\" (state) of the modern Federal Republic of Germany.", "History of Bavaria __knowledge__ There have been numerous palaeolithic discoveries in Bavaria.", "History of Bavaria __knowledge__ The earliest known inhabitants that are mentioned in written sources were the Celts, participating in the widespread La Tène culture, whom the Romans subdued just before the commencement of the Christian era; founding colonies among them and including their land in the provinces of Raetia and Noricum.", "Bavaria __knowledge__ Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria ( ) is a landlocked federal state of Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.", "Bavaria __knowledge__ With an area of 70,550.19 square kilometres (27,200 sq mi), Bavaria is the largest German state by land area.", "Bavaria __knowledge__ Its territory comprises roughly a fifth of the total land area of Germany.", "Bavaria __knowledge__ With 12.9 million inhabitants, it is Germany's second-most-populous state (after North Rhine-Westphalia).", "Bavaria __knowledge__ Bavaria's capital and largest city, Munich, is the third largest city in Germany.", "Bavaria __knowledge__ The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and formation as a duchy in the 6th century CE (AD) through the Holy Roman Empire to becoming an independent kingdom and finally a state of the Federal Republic of Germany.", "Munich Airport __knowledge__ Munich Airport , , is a major international airport near Munich, the capital of Bavaria.", "Munich Airport __knowledge__ It is the second-busiest airport in Germany in terms of passenger traffic behind Frankfurt Airport, and the seventh-busiest airport in Europe, handling 42 million passengers in 2016.", "Munich Airport __knowledge__ It is the world's 15th-busiest airport in terms of international passenger traffic, and was the 34th-busiest airport worldwide in 2015.", "Munich Airport __knowledge__ As of February 2017, the airport features flights to 248 destinations, making it the airport with the fifth-most destinations worldwide.", "Munich Airport __knowledge__ Munich Airport serves as the secondary hub for Lufthansa including Lufthansa Regional and its Star Alliance partners besides Frankfurt.", "History of Munich __knowledge__ Events in the history of Munich in Germany.", "History of Munich __knowledge__ The year 1158 is assumed to be the foundation date of Munich, which is only the earliest date the city is mentioned in a document.", "History of Munich __knowledge__ By that time the Guelph Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, built a bridge over the river Isar next to a settlement of Benedictine monks.", "History of Munich __knowledge__ The monks' presence dated back to the 8th century, although settlement in the Munich area can be traced back to the late neolithic.", "History of Munich __knowledge__ To force traders to use his bridge (and charge them for doing so) Henry also destroyed a nearby bridge owned by bishop Otto von Freising (Freising).", "FC Bayern Munich __knowledge__ Fußball-Club Bayern München e.V., commonly known as FC Bayern München (), FCB, Bayern Munich, or FC Bayern, is a German sports club based in Munich, Bavaria (Bayern), Germany.", "FC Bayern Munich __knowledge__ It is best known for its professional football team, which plays in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German football league system, and is the most successful club in German football history, having won a record 27 national titles and 18 national cups.", "FC Bayern Munich __knowledge__ FC Bayern was founded in 1900 by 11 football players, led by Franz John.", "FC Bayern Munich __knowledge__ Although Bayern won its first national championship in 1932, the club was not selected for the Bundesliga at its inception in 1963.", "Bavaria statue __knowledge__ Bavaria is the name given to a monumental, bronze sand-cast 19th-century statue in Munich, southern Germany.", "Bavaria statue __knowledge__ It is a female personification of the Bavarian homeland, and by extension its strength and glory.", "Bavaria statue __knowledge__ The statue is part of an ensemble which also includes a hall of fame (\"Ruhmeshalle\") and a stairway.", "Bavaria statue __knowledge__ It was commissioned by Ludwig I of Bavaria, with the specific design being chosen by competition.", "Bavaria statue __knowledge__ It was cast at the Munich foundry of J.B. Stiglmair between 1844 and 1850 and is the first colossal statue since Classical Antiquity to consist entirely of cast bronze.", "Bavaria statue __knowledge__ It was and is up to the present day considered a technological masterpiece." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW (\"Bayerische Motoren Werke\" in German, or Bavarian Motor Works in English) is a German multinational automotive manufacturing company which currently produces automobiles and motorcycles, and also produced aircraft engines until 1945.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1916 and has its headquarters in Munich, Bavaria.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW produces motor vehicles in Germany, Brazil, China, India, South Africa and the United States.", "BMW __knowledge__ In 2015, BMW was the world's twelfth largest producer of motor vehicles, with 2,279,503 vehicles produced.", "BMW __knowledge__ The Quandt family are long-term shareholders of the company, with the remaining stocks owned by public float.", "BMW __knowledge__ Automobiles are marketed under the brands BMW (with sub-brands BMW M for performance models and BMW i for plug-in electric cars), Mini and Rolls-Royce.", "BMW __knowledge__ Motorcycles are marketed under the brand BMW Motorrad.", "BMW __knowledge__ The company has significant motorsport history, especially in touring cars, Formula 1, sports cars and the Isle of Man TT.", "BMW __knowledge__ BMW's origins can be traced back to three separate German companies: Rapp Motorenwerke, Bayerische Flugzeugwerke and Automobilwerk Eisenach.", "BMW __knowledge__ The history of the name itself begins with Rapp Motorenwerke, an aircraft engine manufacturer.", "BMW __knowledge__ In April 1917, following the departure of the founder Karl Friedrich Rapp, the company was renamed Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW).. BMW's first product was the BMW IIIa aircraft engine.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Down\" is a song by American rapper Bow Wow, released on June 24, 2003 as the first single off his third album \"Unleashed\" (2003).", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shad Moss, Phalon Alexander, Rahman Griffin and a then-unknown T.I..", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Jazze Pha and features rapper Birdman under his former alias \"Baby\".", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It's the first song to be released by Bow Wow without the \"Lil'\" moniker in his name after making his film debut in 2002's \"Like Mike\" and releasing his cover of \"Basketball\" for the film's soundtrack.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ Bow Wow said that following the name change, he wanted to do the same with his music by contributing more into the songwriting process of the album and release a single that matched his new image.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band that formed in London in 1975.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, \"Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols\", they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols originally comprised vocalist Johnny Rotten, guitarist Steve Jones, drummer Paul Cook and bassist Glen Matlock.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Matlock was replaced by Sid Vicious in early 1977.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "BMW M __knowledge__ BMW M GmbH (previously: BMW Motorsport GmbH) is a subsidiary of German car manufacturer BMW AG.", "BMW M __knowledge__ BMW M, \"M\" (for \"Motorsport\") was initially created to facilitate BMW’s racing program, which was very successful in the 1960s and 1970s.", "BMW M __knowledge__ As time passed, BMW M began to supplement BMW's vehicles portfolio with specially modified higher trim models, for which they are now most known by the general public.", "BMW M __knowledge__ These M-badged cars traditionally include modified engines, transmissions, suspensions, interior trims, aerodynamics, and exterior modifications to set them apart from their counterparts.", "BMW M __knowledge__ All M models are tested and tuned at BMW's private facility at the Nürburgring racing circuit in Germany.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "General Motors __knowledge__ General Motors Company, commonly abbreviated as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.", "General Motors __knowledge__ With global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries.", "General Motors __knowledge__ In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands.", "General Motors __knowledge__ GM reached the milestone of selling 10 million vehicles in 2016.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, and Wuling.", "General Motors __knowledge__ Former GM automotive brands include Daewoo, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn, as well as Vauxhall, and Opel, which were bought by Groupe PSA in 2017.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi AG () is a German automobile manufacturer that designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes luxury vehicles.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi is a member of the Volkswagen Group and has its roots at Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi-branded vehicles are produced in nine production facilities worldwide.", "Audi __knowledge__ The origins of the company are complex, going back to the early 20th century and the initial enterprises (Horch and the \"Audiwerke\") founded by engineer August Horch; and two other manufacturers (DKW and Wanderer), leading to the foundation of Auto Union in 1932.", "Audi __knowledge__ The modern era of Audi essentially began in the 1960s when Auto Union was acquired by Volkswagen from Daimler-Benz." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "I want to get a BMW car one day. BMW is a German automobile and motorcycle company.", "The company was started in 1916 and has its headquarters in Munich, Bavaria.", "It is. BMW produces vehicles in Germany, China, South Africa, India, Brazil, and the United States.", "In 2015 BMW was the 12th largest producer of motor vehicles with 2,279,503 produced." ]

[ "BMW", "BMW", "BMW", "BMW" ]

[ "Whisky\nWhisky is fun to drink! I wonder what it's made from. Do you know?", "Fermented grain mash? What is that?", "Oh, I see! That's weird! You wouldn't happen to know when whiskey was invented, would you?", "Oh wow, all the way back from then! And do you know what the most expensive whiskey there is in the world right now?", "Ooo, that sounds good, can you tell me more about that?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Distilled alcohol was known in Latin as \"aqua vitae\" (\"water of life\").", "Whisky __knowledge__ This was translated to Old Irish as ' (\"water of life\"), which became ' in Irish and \"\" in Scottish Gaelic.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Early forms of the word in English included \"uskebeaghe\" (1581), \"usquebaugh\" (1610), \"usquebath\" (1621), and \"usquebae\" (1715).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Much is made of the word's two spellings: \"whisky\" and \"whiskey\".", "Whisky __knowledge__ There are two schools of thought on the issue.", "Whisky __knowledge__ One is that the spelling difference is simply a matter of regional language convention for the spelling of a word, indicating that the spelling varies depending on the intended audience or the background or personal preferences of the writer (like the difference between \"color\" and \"colour\"; or \"recognize\" and \"recognise\"), and the other is that the spelling should depend on the style or origin of the spirit being described.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ Amrut is a brand of Indian single malt whisky, manufactured by Amrut Distilleries, and launched on 24 August 2004 in Glasgow, Scotland.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ It is the first single malt whisky to be made in India.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ \"Amrut\" (अमृत) or \"amrita\" is a Sanskrit word which can be translated as \"nectar of the gods\", \"nectar of life\", or \"drink of the gods\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The company translates it as \"Elixir of Life\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The brand became famous after whisky connoisseur Jim Murray gave it a rating of 82 out of 100 in 2005 and 2010.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ In 2010 Murray named Amrut Fusion single malt whisky as the third best in the world.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ John Hansell, editor of American magazine \"Whisky Advocate\", wrote that \"India's Amrut distillery changed the way many think of Indian whisky – that it was, in the past, just cheap Scotch whisky blended with who knows what and sold as Indian whisky.", "Whisky Galore! (2016 film) __knowledge__ Whisky Galore!", "Whisky Galore! (2016 film) __knowledge__ is a 2016 British film, a remake of the 1949 Ealing Comedy of the same name.", "Whisky Galore! (2016 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Gillies MacKinnon and stars Gregor Fisher, Eddie Izzard, Sean Biggerstaff and Naomi Battrick.", "Whisky Galore! (2016 film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the 2016 Edinburgh Film Festival and went on general release in Scotland from 5 May 2017 and the rest of the UK, Ireland and the US from 19 May 2017.", "Whisky Galore! (2016 film) __knowledge__ The principal film location was Portsoy, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.", "Whisky Galore! (2016 film) __knowledge__ Set in the Second World War when whisky rationing is in effect, Scottish islanders on the Isle of Todday, try to plunder cases of whisky from a ship that is stranded on rocks just offshore.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malt whisky is malt whisky from a single distillery, that is, whisky distilled from fermented mash made exclusively with malted barley, as distinguished from unmalted grain.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malts are typically associated with single malt Scotch, though they are also produced in various other countries.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Under Scotch Whisky Regulations, a \"Single Malt Scotch Whisky\" must be made exclusively from malted barley (although the addition of E150A caramel colouring is allowed), must be distilled using pot stills at a single distillery, and must be aged for at least three years in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding .", "Indian whisky __knowledge__ Most distilled spirits that are labelled as \"whisky\" in India are a form of Indian-made foreign liquor, commonly blends based on neutral spirits that are distilled from fermented molasses with only a small portion consisting of traditional malt whisky, usually about 10 to 12 percent.", "Indian whisky __knowledge__ Outside India, such a drink would more likely be labelled a rum.", "Indian whisky __knowledge__ According to the Scotch Whisky Association's 2013 annual report, unlike the European Union (EU), \"there is no compulsory definition of whisky in India, and the Indian voluntary standard does not require whisky to be distilled from cereals or to be matured.", "Amrut Distilleries __knowledge__ Amrut Distilleries Ltd is an Indian company that produces distilled beverages.", "Amrut Distilleries __knowledge__ It is best known for its eponymous Amrut brand of single malt whisky, which is the first single malt whisky to be made in India.", "Amrut Distilleries __knowledge__ The brand became famous after world famous whisky connoisseur Jim Murray gave it a rating of 82 out of 100 in 2005 and 2010.", "Amrut Distilleries __knowledge__ In 2010, Murray named Amrut Fusion single malt whisky as the third best in the world.", "Amrut Distilleries __knowledge__ John Hansell, editor of American magazine \"Whisky Advocate\", wrote that \"India's Amrut distillery changed the way many think of Indian whisky - that it was, in the past, just cheap Scotch whisky blended with who knows what and sold as Indian whisky." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Distilled alcohol was known in Latin as \"aqua vitae\" (\"water of life\").", "Whisky __knowledge__ This was translated to Old Irish as ' (\"water of life\"), which became ' in Irish and \"\" in Scottish Gaelic.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Early forms of the word in English included \"uskebeaghe\" (1581), \"usquebaugh\" (1610), \"usquebath\" (1621), and \"usquebae\" (1715).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Much is made of the word's two spellings: \"whisky\" and \"whiskey\".", "Whisky __knowledge__ There are two schools of thought on the issue.", "Whisky __knowledge__ One is that the spelling difference is simply a matter of regional language convention for the spelling of a word, indicating that the spelling varies depending on the intended audience or the background or personal preferences of the writer (like the difference between \"color\" and \"colour\"; or \"recognize\" and \"recognise\"), and the other is that the spelling should depend on the style or origin of the spirit being described.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts.", "Rectified spirit __knowledge__ Rectified spirit, also known as neutral spirits, rectified alcohol, or ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin is highly concentrated ethanol which has been purified by means of repeated distillation, a process that is called rectification.", "Rectified spirit __knowledge__ In some countries (e.g.", "Rectified spirit __knowledge__ India), denatured alcohol or denatured rectified spirit may commonly be available as \"rectified spirit\", but it is poisonous and ingestion can be fatal.", "Rectified spirit __knowledge__ In its undiluted form, it contains at least 95% alcohol by volume (ABV) (190 US proof) in the United States, or at least 96% ABV in the European Union, respectively.", "Rectified spirit __knowledge__ The purity of rectified spirit has a practical limit of 97.2% ABV (95.6% by mass) when produced using conventional distillation processes, because a mixture of ethanol and water becomes a minimum-boiling azeotrope at this concentration.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ An alcoholic drink, or alcoholic beverage, is a drink that contains alcohol (ethanol), a depressant which in low doses causes euphoria, reduced anxiety, and sociability and in higher doses causes intoxication (drunkenness), stupor and unconsciousness.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Long-term use can lead to alcohol abuse, physical dependence, and alcoholism.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Drinking alcohol plays an important social role in many cultures.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Most countries have laws regulating the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Some countries ban such activities entirely, but alcoholic drinks are legal in most parts of the world.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ The global alcoholic drink industry exceeded $1 trillion in 2014.", "Straight whiskey __knowledge__ Straight whiskey (or straight whisky), as defined in United States law, is whiskey created by distilling a fermented (malted or unmalted) cereal grain mash to create a spirit not exceeding 80% alcohol content by volume (abv) and then aging the spirit for at least two years at an abv concentration not exceeding 62.5% at the start of the aging process.", "Straight whiskey __knowledge__ Mixing whiskey from different barrels (and sometimes from different distilleries, although only from within the same state), filtering, and dilution with water (while retaining at least a 40% abv concentration) are the only allowed modifications for straight whiskey prior to its bottling.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage.", "Vodka __knowledge__ Vodka (from , ) is a distilled beverage composed primarily of water and ethanol, sometimes with traces of impurities and flavorings.", "Vodka __knowledge__ Traditionally, vodka is made by the distillation of cereal grains or potatoes that have been fermented, though some modern brands use other substances, such as fruits or sugar.", "Vodka __knowledge__ Since the 1890s, the standard Polish, Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian and Czech vodkas are 40% alcohol by volume ABV (80 US proof), a percentage that is widely misattributed to Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev.", "Vodka __knowledge__ The European Union has established a minimum of 37.5% ABV for any \"European vodka\" to be named as such.", "Korean alcoholic beverages __knowledge__ Korean culture has a wide variety of traditional alcoholic beverages, called sul ().", "Korean alcoholic beverages __knowledge__ Most of these beverages end with the Sino-Korean word \"ju\" (), while some alcoholic beverages end with the native Korean word \"sul\"; the Sino-Korean \"ju\" is not used as an independent noun.", "Korean alcoholic beverages __knowledge__ It is said that there are over 1,000 different kinds of alcoholic beverages in Korea.", "Korean alcoholic beverages __knowledge__ Most Korean alcohols are made from glutinous and non-glutinous rice and are fermented with the aid of yeast and nuruk (a wheat-based source of the enzyme amylase).", "Korean alcoholic beverages __knowledge__ Fruits, flowers, herbs and other natural ingredients have also been used to craft traditional Korean alcoholic beverages." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Distilled alcohol was known in Latin as \"aqua vitae\" (\"water of life\").", "Whisky __knowledge__ This was translated to Old Irish as ' (\"water of life\"), which became ' in Irish and \"\" in Scottish Gaelic.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Early forms of the word in English included \"uskebeaghe\" (1581), \"usquebaugh\" (1610), \"usquebath\" (1621), and \"usquebae\" (1715).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Much is made of the word's two spellings: \"whisky\" and \"whiskey\".", "Whisky __knowledge__ There are two schools of thought on the issue.", "Whisky __knowledge__ One is that the spelling difference is simply a matter of regional language convention for the spelling of a word, indicating that the spelling varies depending on the intended audience or the background or personal preferences of the writer (like the difference between \"color\" and \"colour\"; or \"recognize\" and \"recognise\"), and the other is that the spelling should depend on the style or origin of the spirit being described.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Irish whiskey ( or \"uisce beatha\") is whiskey made on the island of Ireland.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" is an Anglicisation of the first word in the Gaelic phrase, \"uisce beatha\", meaning \"water of life\" (modern Irish: \"uisce beatha\", Scottish: \"uisge\" \"beatha\" and Manx: \"ushtey bea\").", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The phrase was a translation of the Latin term aqua vitae, which was commonly used to describe distilled spirits during the Middle Ages.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Peat is rarely used in the malting process, so that Irish whiskey has a smoother finish as opposed to the smoky, earthy overtones common to some Scotches.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ There are notable exceptions to these rules in both countries; an example is Connemara peated Irish malt (double distilled) whiskey from the Cooley Distillery in Riverstown, Cooley, County Louth.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Whiskey Media __knowledge__ Whiskey Media was an American online media company founded independently by CNET co-founder Shelby Bonnie in 2008.", "Whiskey Media __knowledge__ It was the parent company of Tested, Screened, and Anime Vice, and the former parent company of Giant Bomb and Comic Vine.", "Whiskey Media __knowledge__ Whiskey Media websites are wiki community based, while maintaining an editorial staff.", "Whiskey Media __knowledge__ The company's target demographic are focused primarily on males between 10 and 30.", "Whiskey Media __knowledge__ The name \"Whiskey Media\" is a reference to a Kentucky distillery that was owned by the family of Shelby Bonnie before prohibition.", "Whiskey Media __knowledge__ Whiskey Media operates in San Francisco, California, after previously being located in Sausalito.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Whiskey Bottom Road __knowledge__ Whiskey Bottom Road is a historic road north of Laurel, Maryland that traverses Anne Arundel and Howard Counties in an area that was first settled by English colonists in the mid-1600s.", "Whiskey Bottom Road __knowledge__ The road was named in the 1880s in association with one of its residents delivering whiskey after a prohibition vote.", "Whiskey Bottom Road __knowledge__ With increased residential development after World War II, it was designated a collector road in the 1960s; a community center and park are among the most recent roadside developments.", "Whiskey Bottom Road __knowledge__ Whiskey Bottom Road runs through North Laurel, Maryland starting at the later Maryland Route 198 in Anne Arundel County, Maryland.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Beer style __knowledge__ Beer style is a term used to differentiate and categorize beers by factors such as colour, flavour, strength, ingredients, production method, recipe, history, or origin.", "Beer style __knowledge__ The modern concept of beer style is largely based on the work of writer Michael Jackson in his 1977 book \"The World Guide To Beer\" in which he categorised beers from around the world into style groups according to local customs and names.", "Beer style __knowledge__ In 1989, Fred Eckhardt furthered Jackson's work publishing \"The Essentials of Beer Style\".", "Beer style __knowledge__ Although the systematic study of beer styles is a modern phenomenon, the practice of distinguishing between different varieties of beer is ancient, dating to at least 2000 BC.", "Jiuqu __knowledge__ Jiuqu (simplified Chinese: 酒曲; traditional Chinese: 酒麴; pinyin: Jiǔ qū) is a type of East Asian dried fermentation starter grown on a solid medium and used in the production of traditional Chinese alcoholic beverages.", "Jiuqu __knowledge__ The Chinese character 麴 is romanised as \"qu\" in pinyin, \"chhu\" or \"chu\" in other transcription systems.", "Jiuqu __knowledge__ The literal translation of \"jiuqu\" is \"liquor ferment\", although \"liquor mold\" or \"liquor starter\" are adequate descriptions.", "Jiuqu __knowledge__ Jiuqu specifically refers to a type of ferment (Qu 麴) used to manufacture alcoholic products (Jiu 酒), such as Huangjiu (Cereal Wines), Baijiu (Distilled Spirits) and Jiuniang (alcoholic rice porridge/pudding).", "Yeast __knowledge__ Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom.", "Yeast __knowledge__ The first yeast originated hundreds of millions of years ago, and 1,500 species are currently identified.", "Yeast __knowledge__ They are estimated to constitute 1% of all described fungal species.", "Yeast __knowledge__ Yeasts are unicellular organisms which evolved from multicellular ancestors, with some species having the ability to develop multicellular characteristics by forming strings of connected budding cells known as pseudohyphae or false hyphae.", "Yeast __knowledge__ Yeast sizes vary greatly, depending on species and environment, typically measuring 3–4 µm in diameter, although some yeasts can grow to 40 µm in size.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ Cellulosic ethanol is ethanol (ethyl alcohol) produced from cellulose (the stringy fiber of a plant) rather than from the plant's seeds or fruit.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ It is a biofuel produced from grasses, wood, algae, or other plants.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ The fibrous parts of the plants are mostly inedible to animals, including humans, except for ruminants (grazing, cud-chewing animals such as cows or sheep).", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ Considerable interest in cellulosic ethanol exists because it has the potential for strong economic importance.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ Growth of cellulose by plants is a mechanism that captures and stores solar energy chemically in nontoxic ways with resultant supplies that are easy to transport and store.", "Yeast in winemaking __knowledge__ The role of yeast in winemaking is the most important element that distinguishes wine from grape juice.", "Yeast in winemaking __knowledge__ In the absence of oxygen, yeast converts the sugars of wine grapes into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation.", "Yeast in winemaking __knowledge__ The more sugars in the grapes, the higher the potential alcohol level of the wine if the yeast are allowed to carry out fermentation to dryness.", "Yeast in winemaking __knowledge__ Sometimes winemakers will stop fermentation early in order to leave some residual sugars and sweetness in the wine such as with dessert wines.", "Yeast in winemaking __knowledge__ This can be achieved by dropping fermentation temperatures to the point where the yeast are inactive, sterile filtering the wine to remove the yeast or fortification with brandy to kill off the yeast cells." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Distilled alcohol was known in Latin as \"aqua vitae\" (\"water of life\").", "Whisky __knowledge__ This was translated to Old Irish as ' (\"water of life\"), which became ' in Irish and \"\" in Scottish Gaelic.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Early forms of the word in English included \"uskebeaghe\" (1581), \"usquebaugh\" (1610), \"usquebath\" (1621), and \"usquebae\" (1715).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Much is made of the word's two spellings: \"whisky\" and \"whiskey\".", "Whisky __knowledge__ There are two schools of thought on the issue.", "Whisky __knowledge__ One is that the spelling difference is simply a matter of regional language convention for the spelling of a word, indicating that the spelling varies depending on the intended audience or the background or personal preferences of the writer (like the difference between \"color\" and \"colour\"; or \"recognize\" and \"recognise\"), and the other is that the spelling should depend on the style or origin of the spirit being described.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? (TV show) __knowledge__ Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego?", "Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? (TV show) __knowledge__ is an American half-hour children's television game show based on the Carmen Sandiego computer game series created by Brøderbund Software.", "Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? (TV show) __knowledge__ The program aired on PBS from September 30, 1991 to December 22, 1995, with reruns airing until October 4, 1996.", "Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? (TV show) __knowledge__ Greg Lee hosted the program in the role of an \"ACME Special Agent [renamed \"Senior Agent\" for Seasons 3–5] in charge of training new recruits\".", "Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? (TV show) __knowledge__ He was joined by Lynne Thigpen as \"The Chief\" and a cappella performing group Rockapella, who served as the show's in-house band and comedy troupe.", "Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? (TV show) __knowledge__ The series was recorded in New York City and coproduced by PBS stations WQED and WGBH-TV.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Purposeful production of alcoholic drinks is common and often reflects cultural and religious peculiarities as much as geographical and sociological conditions.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Discovery of late Stone Age jugs suggest that intentionally fermented beverages existed at least as early as the Neolithic period (c. 10000 BC).", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Chemical analysis of jars from the neolithic village Jiahu in the Henan province of northern China revealed traces of alcohol that were absorbed and preserved.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ According to a study published in the \"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\", chemical analysis of the residue confirmed that a fermented drink made of grapes, hawthorn berries, honey, and rice was being produced in 7000–6650 BC.", "Vodka __knowledge__ Vodka (from , ) is a distilled beverage composed primarily of water and ethanol, sometimes with traces of impurities and flavorings.", "Vodka __knowledge__ Traditionally, vodka is made by the distillation of cereal grains or potatoes that have been fermented, though some modern brands use other substances, such as fruits or sugar.", "Vodka __knowledge__ Since the 1890s, the standard Polish, Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian and Czech vodkas are 40% alcohol by volume ABV (80 US proof), a percentage that is widely misattributed to Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev.", "Vodka __knowledge__ The European Union has established a minimum of 37.5% ABV for any \"European vodka\" to be named as such.", "Aqua vitae __knowledge__ Aqua vitae (Latin for \"water of life\") or aqua vita is an archaic name for a concentrated aqueous solution of ethanol.", "Aqua vitae __knowledge__ The term was in wide use during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, although its origin is likely much earlier.", "Aqua vitae __knowledge__ This Latin term appears in a wide array of dialectical forms throughout all lands and people conquered by ancient Rome.", "Aqua vitae __knowledge__ Generally, the term is a generic name for all types of distillates, and eventually came to refer specifically to distillates of alcoholic beverages (liquors).", "Aqua vitae __knowledge__ \"Aqua vitae\" was typically prepared by distilling wine; it was sometimes called \"spirits of wine\" in English texts, a name for brandy that had been repeatedly distilled.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Irish whiskey ( or \"uisce beatha\") is whiskey made on the island of Ireland.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" is an Anglicisation of the first word in the Gaelic phrase, \"uisce beatha\", meaning \"water of life\" (modern Irish: \"uisce beatha\", Scottish: \"uisge\" \"beatha\" and Manx: \"ushtey bea\").", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The phrase was a translation of the Latin term aqua vitae, which was commonly used to describe distilled spirits during the Middle Ages.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Peat is rarely used in the malting process, so that Irish whiskey has a smoother finish as opposed to the smoky, earthy overtones common to some Scotches.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ There are notable exceptions to these rules in both countries; an example is Connemara peated Irish malt (double distilled) whiskey from the Cooley Distillery in Riverstown, Cooley, County Louth.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malt whisky is malt whisky from a single distillery, that is, whisky distilled from fermented mash made exclusively with malted barley, as distinguished from unmalted grain.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malts are typically associated with single malt Scotch, though they are also produced in various other countries.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Under Scotch Whisky Regulations, a \"Single Malt Scotch Whisky\" must be made exclusively from malted barley (although the addition of E150A caramel colouring is allowed), must be distilled using pot stills at a single distillery, and must be aged for at least three years in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding .", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Distilled alcohol was known in Latin as \"aqua vitae\" (\"water of life\").", "Whisky __knowledge__ This was translated to Old Irish as ' (\"water of life\"), which became ' in Irish and \"\" in Scottish Gaelic.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Early forms of the word in English included \"uskebeaghe\" (1581), \"usquebaugh\" (1610), \"usquebath\" (1621), and \"usquebae\" (1715).", "Whisky __knowledge__ Much is made of the word's two spellings: \"whisky\" and \"whiskey\".", "Whisky __knowledge__ There are two schools of thought on the issue.", "Whisky __knowledge__ One is that the spelling difference is simply a matter of regional language convention for the spelling of a word, indicating that the spelling varies depending on the intended audience or the background or personal preferences of the writer (like the difference between \"color\" and \"colour\"; or \"recognize\" and \"recognise\"), and the other is that the spelling should depend on the style or origin of the spirit being described.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters of the 2010-2011 Japanese tokusatsu series \"Kamen Rider OOO\".", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is a young man desire to helps others while traveling.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ When he falls asleep during his part-time job at the museum, Eiji unwittingly becomes entangled in the chain of events that occurred after the Greeed were released and gains the ability to become to fight them.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Eiji Hino is portrayed by .", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is the bird-type Greeed, a dishonest wildcard who sees people for their flaws and is at odds with the other Greeed.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Ankh also believes that he has the right to get whatever he wants and detests having to give something away.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Sounds Good Feels Good is the second studio album by Australian rock band 5 Seconds of Summer.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on 23 October 2015 through the labels Hi or Hey and Capitol Records.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2014 to 2015, in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Record production of the album was handled by John Feldmann, The Monsters and the Strangerz, David Hodges and Mike Green.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording and writing started after the band became popular worldwide with the release of their debut album, \"5 Seconds of Summer\", and two of its singles in particular, \"She Looks So Perfect\" and \"Amnesia\".", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Following the release of their live album \"LiveSOS\" in 2014, 5 Seconds of Summer took a break for the holidays.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ The American animated television series \"Adventure Time\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Pendleton Ward.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around the adventures of protagonists Finn (voiced by Jeremy Shada), a 17-year-old human boy, and his best friend Jake (voiced by John DiMaggio), a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ Finn and Jake live in the post-apocalyptic Land of Ooo, and travel the land while they adventure.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ Along the way, they interact with the other main characters of the show: Princess Bubblegum (voiced by Hynden Walch), the Ice King (voiced by Tom Kenny), and Marceline the Vampire Queen (voiced by Olivia Olson).", "Kamen Rider OOO __knowledge__ \"OOO\" is written by Yasuko Kobayashi, known for the screenplays of \"Seijuu Sentai Gingaman\", \"Mirai Sentai Timeranger\", \"Kamen Rider Ryuki\", \"Den-O\", and \"Samurai Sentai Shinkenger\".", "Kamen Rider OOO __knowledge__ The creature designers are Yutaka Izubuchi, known for his work on the Lords in \"Kamen Rider Agito\", and Tamotsu Shinohara, known for his work on the Mirror Monsters of \"Ryuki\", the Orphnoch of \"Kamen Rider 555\", and the Fangires of \"Kamen Rider Kiva\".", "Kamen Rider OOO __knowledge__ Unlike several previous Heisei Rider Series, no alternate name has been given yet for the three O's in the title ( read as \"Double\" and read as \"Φ's/Phi's/Faiz\") aside from an alternate spelling of the name of the main Kamen Rider: Ooz.", "Kamen Rider OOO Wonderful: The Shogun and the 21 Core Medals __knowledge__ \"The Shogun and the 21 Core Medals\" features a trip to the past where the cast of \"Kamen Rider OOO\" meets up with Tokugawa Yoshimune (portrayed by Ken Matsudaira) to battle the powerful alchemist Gara (portrayed by Miki Sakai) while learning the origins of the Core Medals.", "Kamen Rider OOO Wonderful: The Shogun and the 21 Core Medals __knowledge__ The film will also introduce Kamen Rider OOO's .", "Kamen Rider OOO Wonderful: The Shogun and the 21 Core Medals __knowledge__ The film will also feature the debut of the lead character of \"Kamen Rider Fourze\", Gentaro Kisaragi.", "Kamen Rider OOO Wonderful: The Shogun and the 21 Core Medals __knowledge__ Leading an expedition in Thuringia, Germany, Kousei Kougami was unearthing the resting place of one of the First OOO's alchemist to obtain legendary Lost Medals.", "Kamen Rider OOO Wonderful: The Shogun and the 21 Core Medals __knowledge__ However, upon the seal being undone, millions of Cell Medals erupt into a tower while creating a magical barrier that causes it the entire sit to flip over to Japan.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ is one of many dance teams in Zawame, identified by their Happi-themed modern outfits and logo.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ is an earnest and cheerful young adult who is naïve, wanting to help others but ends up sometimes causing trouble than good due to his short-sightedness.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ He is originally the second-in-command of Team Gaim before eventually quitting the team to take odd jobs to help out his older sister Akira since their parents have died.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ But things change when Kouta is called by Team Gaim's leader Yuya Sumii, who wants to show him something to help their team out.", "List of Kamen Rider Gaim characters __knowledge__ This leads Kouta to search for Yuya in what he later learns to be Helheim Forest, finding a that his friend bought from the mysterious Lockseed Dealer Sid and an Inves that he managed to destroy.", "OOO, Den-O, All Riders: Let's Go Kamen Riders __knowledge__ A preview airing of the film originally scheduled for March 15, 2011, was cancelled as the venue's structure was compromised as a result of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "OOO, Den-O, All Riders: Let's Go Kamen Riders __knowledge__ \"Let's Go Kamen Riders\" opened at the #1 spot in the Japanese box offices in the first two weekends.", "OOO, Den-O, All Riders: Let's Go Kamen Riders __knowledge__ On April 1, 2011, Kamen Rider OOO finds himself battling three Mole Imagin, unaware they are Imagin until Ankh arrives to confirm that the monsters are not Yummies.", "OOO, Den-O, All Riders: Let's Go Kamen Riders __knowledge__ The three Imagin see a boy and jump into him to escape into time before the DenLiner suddenly appears.", "OOO, Den-O, All Riders: Let's Go Kamen Riders __knowledge__ Kotaro Nogami and Teddy emerge from the train to pinpoint the Mole Imagin's destination to be November 11, 1971, confused on how the boy's memories exceed that far in time.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malt whisky is malt whisky from a single distillery, that is, whisky distilled from fermented mash made exclusively with malted barley, as distinguished from unmalted grain.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malts are typically associated with single malt Scotch, though they are also produced in various other countries.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Under Scotch Whisky Regulations, a \"Single Malt Scotch Whisky\" must be made exclusively from malted barley (although the addition of E150A caramel colouring is allowed), must be distilled using pot stills at a single distillery, and must be aged for at least three years in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding .", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ Single malt Scotch is single malt whisky made in Scotland.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ To be a single malt scotch the whisky must have been distilled at a single distillery using a pot still distillation process and made from a mash of malted grain.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ In Scotland, the only grain allowed to be used in a single malt whisky is barley.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ As with any Scotch whisky, a single malt Scotch must be distilled in Scotland and matured in oak casks in Scotland for at least three years and one day.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ (Most single malts are matured longer.)", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ Until the Scotch Whisky Regulations 2009 (SWR 2009), the word \"blended\" only appeared (in the context of Scotch whisky) on bottles of whisky that contained a mixture of both barley and non-barley grain whisky, but this is no longer the case.", "The Glenlivet distillery __knowledge__ The Glenlivet distillery is a distillery near Ballindalloch in Moray, Scotland that produces single malt Scotch whisky.", "The Glenlivet distillery __knowledge__ It is the oldest legal distillery in the parish of Glenlivet, and the production place of the Scottish whisky of the same name.", "The Glenlivet distillery __knowledge__ It is described in packaging and advertising as \"The single malt that started it all\".", "The Glenlivet distillery __knowledge__ It was founded in 1824 and has operated almost continuously since.", "The Glenlivet distillery __knowledge__ The distillery remained open throughout the Great Depression and its only closure came during World War II.", "The Glenlivet distillery __knowledge__ The Glenlivet distillery has grown in the post-war period to become one of the biggest single malt distilleries in order to keep up with global demand; The Glenlivet brand is the biggest selling single malt whisky in the United States and the second biggest selling single malt brand globally.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ Amrut is a brand of Indian single malt whisky, manufactured by Amrut Distilleries, and launched on 24 August 2004 in Glasgow, Scotland.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ It is the first single malt whisky to be made in India.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ \"Amrut\" (अमृत) or \"amrita\" is a Sanskrit word which can be translated as \"nectar of the gods\", \"nectar of life\", or \"drink of the gods\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The company translates it as \"Elixir of Life\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The brand became famous after whisky connoisseur Jim Murray gave it a rating of 82 out of 100 in 2005 and 2010.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ In 2010 Murray named Amrut Fusion single malt whisky as the third best in the world.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ John Hansell, editor of American magazine \"Whisky Advocate\", wrote that \"India's Amrut distillery changed the way many think of Indian whisky – that it was, in the past, just cheap Scotch whisky blended with who knows what and sold as Indian whisky.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Irish whiskey ( or \"uisce beatha\") is whiskey made on the island of Ireland.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" is an Anglicisation of the first word in the Gaelic phrase, \"uisce beatha\", meaning \"water of life\" (modern Irish: \"uisce beatha\", Scottish: \"uisge\" \"beatha\" and Manx: \"ushtey bea\").", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ The phrase was a translation of the Latin term aqua vitae, which was commonly used to describe distilled spirits during the Middle Ages.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ Peat is rarely used in the malting process, so that Irish whiskey has a smoother finish as opposed to the smoky, earthy overtones common to some Scotches.", "Irish whiskey __knowledge__ There are notable exceptions to these rules in both countries; an example is Connemara peated Irish malt (double distilled) whiskey from the Cooley Distillery in Riverstown, Cooley, County Louth." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 7, 72, 51 ]

[ "Yes, I certainly do! It is made from a fermented grain mash that is distilled.", "It is when various grains, such as barley or corn, are mixed with water and sugars and allowed to come in to contact with yeast. As it rots, it releases alcohol.", "I am not sure, but distilled spirits have been around since at least the time of Rome (they called it \"aqua vitae\").", "I am unsure, but I wouldn't be surprised if the most expensive is a single malt Scotch, made from a single distillery.", "Single malt Scotch is one of five distinct categories of Scotch whisky. It is the best of the five." ]

[ "Whisky", "Whisky", "Whisky", "Whisky", "Whisky" ]

[ "Parenting", "Oh wow! My parents were also very strict. I was the oldest and had too many responsibilities.", "No I definitely wasn't abused. They just expected too much from me.", "That is terrible. I am sorry you had to witness that." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Parent management training __knowledge__ Parent management training (PMT), also known as behavioral parent training (BPT) or simply parent training, is a family of treatment programs that aims to change parenting behaviors, teaching parents positive reinforcement methods for improving pre-school and school-age children's behavior problems (such as aggression, hyperactivity, temper tantrums, and difficulty following directions).", "Parent management training __knowledge__ PMT is one of the most investigated treatments available for disruptive behavior, particularly oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD); it is effective in reducing child disruptive behavior and improving parental mental health.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT parenting refers to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people raising one or more children as parents or foster care parents.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ This includes: children raised by same-sex couples (same-sex parenting), children raised by single LGBT parents, and children raised by an opposite-sex couple where at least one partner is LGBT.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT people can become parents through various means including current or former relationships, coparenting, adoption, donor insemination, and surrogacy.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ Scientific research consistently shows that gay and lesbian parents are as fit and capable as heterosexual parents, and their children are as psychologically healthy and well-adjusted as those reared by heterosexual parents.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child, and can occur in a child's home, or in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ The terms \"child abuse\" and \"child maltreatment\" are often used interchangeably, although some researchers make a distinction between them, treating \"child maltreatment\" as an umbrella term to cover neglect, exploitation, and trafficking.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Single parent __knowledge__ A single parent is a parent that parents alone without the other parent's support, meaning this particular parent is the only parent to the child, responsible for all financial, material, and emotional needs.", "Single parent __knowledge__ It means there is an absence of the other parent as opposed to a co-parent, meaning that the parent is not the only parent regardless of whether or not they are a couple.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Of course, this definition is loosely true.", "Single parent __knowledge__ There is no true definition of what \"single parent\" means and is more based on opinions.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Sometimes, one finds themselves in a single-parent family structure that has arisen due to death of the partner, intentional artificial insemination, or unplanned pregnancy.", "Eva Trout (novel) __knowledge__ Eva Trout is Elizabeth Bowen's final novel and was shortlisted for the 1970 Booker Prize.", "Eva Trout (novel) __knowledge__ First published in 1968, it is about a young woman—the —who, abandoned by her mother just after her birth, raised by nurses and nannies and educated by governesses all hired by her millionaire father, has difficulty acting and behaving like an adult when, shortly after her father's suicide, she inherits all his money.", "Eva Trout (novel) __knowledge__ Part I-Genesis The novel opens with Eva's excursion to a lake in the neighbourhood of Larkins where she is staying as a paying guest since her father's death.", "Eva Trout (novel) __knowledge__ The lady of Larkins, Iseult Arble, is a former teacher of Eva's whom Eva is very fond of during the school days." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ Racism in association football is the abuse of players, officials, and fans because of their skin colour, nationality, or ethnicity.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ Some may also be targeted because of their association with an opposing team.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ However, there have been instances of individuals being targeted by their own fans.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ Racism in association football has been most studied in the European Union and Russia, although racist incidents have been reported abroad.", "Racism in association football __knowledge__ In response to racist incidents at association football matches, in May 2013, FIFA, the international governing body of association football, announced new measures to deal with racism in the sport.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child, and can occur in a child's home, or in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ The terms \"child abuse\" and \"child maltreatment\" are often used interchangeably, although some researchers make a distinction between them, treating \"child maltreatment\" as an umbrella term to cover neglect, exploitation, and trafficking.", "Child sexual abuse __knowledge__ Child sexual abuse, also called child molestation, is a form of child abuse in which an adult or older adolescent uses a child for sexual stimulation.", "Child sexual abuse __knowledge__ Forms of child sexual abuse include engaging in sexual activities with a child (whether by asking or pressuring, or by other means), indecent exposure (of the genitals, female nipples, etc.", "Child sexual abuse __knowledge__ ), child grooming, or using a child to produce child pornography.", "Child sexual abuse __knowledge__ Child sexual abuse can occur in a variety of settings, including home, school, or work (in places where child labor is common).", "Child sexual abuse __knowledge__ Child marriage is one of the main forms of child sexual abuse; UNICEF has stated that child marriage \"represents perhaps the most prevalent form of sexual abuse and exploitation of girls\".", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ Caylee Marie Anthony (August 9, 2005 – 2008) was a two-year-old American girl who lived in Orlando, Florida (United States), with her mother, Casey Marie Anthony (born March 19, 1986), and her maternal grandparents, George and Cindy Anthony.", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ On July 15, 2008, she was reported missing in a call made by Cindy, who said she had not seen Caylee for 31 days and that Casey's car smelled like a dead body had been inside it.", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ Cindy said Casey had given varied explanations as to Caylee's whereabouts before finally telling her that she had not seen Caylee for weeks.", "Death of Caylee Anthony __knowledge__ Casey lied to detectives, telling them Caylee had been kidnapped by a nanny on June 9, and that she had been trying to find her, too frightened to alert the authorities.", "Dennis Hastert __knowledge__ John Dennis Hastert (; born January 2, 1942) is a former American congressman who served as the 51st Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1999 to 2007, representing from 1987 to 2007.", "Dennis Hastert __knowledge__ He is the longest-serving Republican Speaker of the House in history, and is the highest-ranking politician in U.S. history to have gone to prison.", "Dennis Hastert __knowledge__ Hastert grew up in rural Illinois.", "Dennis Hastert __knowledge__ He graduated from Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois, with a degree in economics in 1964 and obtained an education degree from Northern Illinois University three years later.", "Dennis Hastert __knowledge__ From 1965 to 1981, Hastert was a high school teacher and coach.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ Peter Hugh McGregor Ellis (born 30 March 1958) is a former Christchurch child care worker who was at the centre of one of New Zealand's most enduring judicial controversies.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ In June 1993 Ellis was found guilty in the High Court on 16 counts of sexual offences involving children in his care at the Christchurch Civic Creche and sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ His conviction was strongly criticised, with concerns centering on how the children's testimony was obtained and presented to the jury.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ Ellis maintained his innocence and many New Zealanders supported his calls to overturn the conviction.", "Aaron Livesy __knowledge__ Aaron Dingle (also Livesy) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Emmerdale\", played by Danny Miller.", "Aaron Livesy __knowledge__ The character was originally played by Danny Webb and appeared in a recurring capacity.", "Aaron Livesy __knowledge__ When Aaron was reintroduced in 2008, he was promoted to the full-time cast and the decision was made to recast the role.", "Aaron Livesy __knowledge__ Miller successfully auditioned for the part and later admitted that he would have quit acting, if he had not been cast.", "Aaron Livesy __knowledge__ Aaron made his first appearance during the episode broadcast on 24 December 2003.", "Aaron Livesy __knowledge__ Aaron is the son of Chas Dingle (Lucy Pargeter) and Gordon Livesy (Gerard Fletcher; Gary Mavers).", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ Domestic violence (also named domestic abuse or family violence) is a pattern of behavior which involves violence or other abuse by one person against another in a domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation.", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ It may be termed \"intimate partner violence\" when committed by a spouse or partner in an intimate relationship against the other spouse or partner, and can take place in heterosexual or same-sex relationships, or between former spouses or partners.", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ Domestic violence can also involve violence against children, parents, or the elderly, and may be done for self-defense.", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ It takes a number of forms, including physical, verbal, emotional, economic, religious, reproductive, and sexual abuse, which can range from subtle, coercive forms to marital rape and to violent physical abuse such as choking, beating, female genital mutilation and acid throwing that results in disfigurement or death.", "Abuse __knowledge__ Abuse is the improper usage or treatment of an entity, often to unfairly or improperly gain benefit.", "Abuse __knowledge__ Abuse can come in many forms, such as: physical or verbal maltreatment, injury, assault, violation, rape, unjust practices, crimes, or other types of aggression.", "Abuse __knowledge__ Abuse of authority, in the form of political corruption, is the use of legislated or otherwise authorised powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain.", "Abuse __knowledge__ Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is not considered political corruption.", "Abuse __knowledge__ Neither are illegal acts by private persons or corporations not directly involved with the government.", "Moazzam Begg __knowledge__ Moazzam Begg (; born 1968 in Sparkhill, Birmingham) is a British Pakistani who was held in extrajudicial detention by the US government in the Bagram Theater Internment Facility and the Guantanamo Bay detainment camp, in Cuba, for nearly three years.", "Moazzam Begg __knowledge__ Seized by Pakistani intelligence at his home in Pakistan in February 2002, he was transferred to the custody of US Army officers, who held him in the detention centre at Bagram, Afghanistan, before transferring him to Guantanamo Bay, where he was held until January 2005.", "Moazzam Begg __knowledge__ The US authorities held Begg as an enemy combatant, claiming Begg was an al-Qaeda member, who recruited for, and provided money for, al-Qaeda training camps, and himself trained there to fight US or allied troops.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ Self-harm (SH), also known as self-injury, is defined as the intentional, direct injuring of body tissue, done without suicidal intentions.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ These terms are used in the more recent literature in an attempt to reach a more neutral terminology.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ The older literature, especially that which predates the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), almost exclusively refers to self-mutilation.", "Self-harm __knowledge__ The most common form of self-harm is using a sharp object to cut one's skin, but self-harm also covers a wide range of behaviours including burning, scratching, banging or hitting body parts, interfering with wound healing (dermatillomania), hair-pulling (trichotillomania) and the ingestion of toxic substances or objects.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD), is a long-term pattern of abnormal behavior characterized by unstable relationships with other people, unstable sense of self, and unstable emotions.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ There is frequent dangerous behavior and self-harm.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ People may also struggle with a feeling of emptiness and a fear of abandonment.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Symptoms may be brought on by seemingly normal events.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ The behavior typically begins by early adulthood, and occurs across a variety of situations.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders are commonly associated with BPD." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ Sorry, Sorry is the third studio album by South Korean boy band Super Junior, released on March 12, 2009 in South Korea.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" was a critically and commercially successful hit in Asia, becoming 2009's best-selling Korean-language album in South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, China, and the Philippines.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ In less than a week after pre-orders were announced, over 150,000 copies were pre-ordered.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ According to South Korea's Hanteo Charts, it debuted at 1st on the charts with almost 30,000 copies sold on the first day.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ The album won a Disk Daesang (Album of the Year) at the 2009 Golden Disk Awards.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album \"Lemonade\" (2016).", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Wynter Gordon, Sean \"Melo-X\" Rhoden and Beyoncé, with Hit-Boy serving as a co-producer and Stuart White as an additional producer.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records serviced it to radio stations as the album's second single on May 3, 2016.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is an electro-R&B song with a thumping rhythm created by drum beats, synthesizers and bells.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics revolve around the protagonist dealing with betrayal of a companion with a woman.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Due to the numerous allegations featured in the song, media linked its subject matter to the singer and her spouse, Jay-Z.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album, \"Purpose\" (2015).", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Written by Bieber, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Sonny Moore, and Michael Tucker; the song was produced by Skrillex and BloodPop.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was released on October 23, 2015, as the second single from the album.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ A dancehall-pop and tropical house song, \"Sorry\" contains in its instrumentation \"brassy horn bleats\", warm island rhythms and a dembow riddim beat.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Sorry\" is a plea for a chance to apologize to a lover, with Bieber asking forgiveness and a second chance to redeem himself.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song allegedly samples \"Ring The Bell\" by White Hinterland.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry Not Sorry\" is a song recorded by American singer Demi Lovato.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ She co-wrote the song with Sean Douglas, Trevor Brown, William Zaire Simmons and its producer Oak Felder.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ It was released on July 11, 2017, through Island Records, Republic Records, Hollywood Records, and Safehouse Records, as the first single from her sixth album, \"Tell Me You Love Me\".", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ An acoustic version of the song is included on the deluxe version of the album.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sorry Not Sorry\" has reached the top ten in the United States, Australia, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, as well as the top 20 in Canada, the Czech Republic, Norway, and Portugal.", "Shooting of Trayvon Martin __knowledge__ On the night of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States, George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African American high school student.", "Shooting of Trayvon Martin __knowledge__ Zimmerman, a 28-year-old mixed race Hispanic man, was the neighborhood watch coordinator for his gated community where Martin was visiting his relatives at the time of the shooting.", "Shooting of Trayvon Martin __knowledge__ Zimmerman shot Martin, who was unarmed, during an altercation between the two.", "Shooting of Trayvon Martin __knowledge__ Zimmerman was charged with Martin's murder but acquitted at trial on self-defense grounds.", "Shooting of Trayvon Martin __knowledge__ The incident was reviewed by the Department of Justice for potential civil rights violations, but no additional charges were filed, citing insufficient evidence.", "John Demjanjuk __knowledge__ John Demjanjuk (born Ivan Mykolaiovych Demianiuk; ; 3 April 1920 – 17 March 2012) was a retired Ukrainian-American auto worker, a former soldier in the Soviet Red Army, and a POW during the Second World War.", "John Demjanjuk __knowledge__ John (Ivan) Demjanjuk was convicted in 2011 in Germany as an accessory to the murder of 28,060 Jews while acting as a guard at the Sobibór extermination camp in occupied Poland.", "John Demjanjuk __knowledge__ Since his conviction was pending appeal at the time of his death, Demjanjuk remained not guilty under German law, his conviction not having undergone the appeal judgment.", "John Demjanjuk __knowledge__ According to the Munich state court, Demjanjuk does not have a criminal record.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" is a song performed by South Korean boy band Super Junior.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ It was released as a digital single on 9 March 2009 and was later included as the title single in the group's third studio album, \"Sorry, Sorry\", released on 12 March 2009.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ This song was Super Junior's comeback single as a complete group since their subgroup activities in Mainland China and South Korea in 2008.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ It was Super Junior's most successful single in the music charts, winning a total of 10 recognitions during the song's promotional period.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" was written by Yoo Young-jin, who wrote \"Don't Don\", the title track of Super Junior's second album \"Don't Don\".", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ Domestic violence (also named domestic abuse or family violence) is a pattern of behavior which involves violence or other abuse by one person against another in a domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation.", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ It may be termed \"intimate partner violence\" when committed by a spouse or partner in an intimate relationship against the other spouse or partner, and can take place in heterosexual or same-sex relationships, or between former spouses or partners.", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ Domestic violence can also involve violence against children, parents, or the elderly, and may be done for self-defense.", "Domestic violence __knowledge__ It takes a number of forms, including physical, verbal, emotional, economic, religious, reproductive, and sexual abuse, which can range from subtle, coercive forms to marital rape and to violent physical abuse such as choking, beating, female genital mutilation and acid throwing that results in disfigurement or death.", "Domestic violence in the United States __knowledge__ Domestic violence in United States is a form of violence expressed by one partner or partners against another partner or partners in the context of an intimate relationship in the U.S..", "Domestic violence in the United States __knowledge__ It is recognized as an important social problem by governmental and non-governmental agencies, and various Violence Against Women Acts have been passed by the US Congress in an attempt to stem this tide.", "Domestic violence in the United States __knowledge__ Victimization from domestic violence transcends the boundaries of gender and sexual orientation, with significant percentages of LGBT couples facing these issues.", "Domestic violence in the United States __knowledge__ Men are subject to domestic violence in large numbers, such as in situational couple violence as mentioned above, but they are less likely to be physically hurt than female victims.", "Epidemiology of domestic violence __knowledge__ Domestic violence occurs across the world, in various cultures, and affects people across society, at all levels of economic status; however, indicators of lower socioeconomic status (such as unemployment and low income) have been shown to be risk factors for higher levels of domestic violence in several studies..", "Epidemiology of domestic violence __knowledge__ In the United States, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics in 1995, women reported a six times greater rate of intimate partner violence than men.", "Epidemiology of domestic violence __knowledge__ However, studies have found that men are much less likely to report victimization in these situations.", "Epidemiology of domestic violence __knowledge__ Some studies have found that \"women are as physically aggressive or more aggressive than men in their relationships with their spouses or male partners\".", "Domestic violence against men __knowledge__ Domestic violence against men deals with domestic violence experienced by men or boys in an intimate relationship such as marriage, cohabitation, dating, or within a family.", "Domestic violence against men __knowledge__ As with domestic violence against women, violence against men may constitute a crime, but laws vary between jurisdictions.", "Domestic violence against men __knowledge__ Whereas women who experience domestic violence tend to be encouraged to report it to the authorities, it is argued that men who experience such violence may encounter pressure against reporting, with those that do facing social stigma regarding their perceived lack of machismo and other denigrations of their masculinity.", "Domestic violence in India __knowledge__ Domestic violence in India includes any form of violence suffered by a person from a biological relative, but typically is the violence suffered by a woman by male members of her family or relatives.", "Domestic violence in India __knowledge__ According to a National Family and Health Survey in 2005, total lifetime prevalence of domestic violence was 33.5% and 8.5% for sexual violence among women aged 15–49.", "Domestic violence in India __knowledge__ .A 2014 study in The Lancet reports that the reported sexual violence rate in India is among the lowest in the world, the large population of India means that the violence affects 27.5 million women over their lifetimes.", "Domestic violence in India __knowledge__ The 2012 National Crime Records Bureau report of India states a reported crime rate of 46 per 100,000, rape rate of 2 per 100,000, dowry homicide rate of 0.7 per 100,000 and the rate of domestic cruelty by husband or his relatives as 5.9 per 100,000.", "Effects of domestic violence on children __knowledge__ Effects of domestic violence on children, result from witnessing domestic violence in a home where one of their parents are abusing the other parent, plays a tremendous role on the well-being and developmental growth of children witnessing the violence.", "Effects of domestic violence on children __knowledge__ In 2009 in the Philippines, it was estimated that as many as 7 to 14 million children were exposed to domestic violence with about 3.3 million children exposed to domestic violence in their homes every year.", "Effects of domestic violence on children __knowledge__ Children who witness domestic violence in the home often believe that they are to blame, live in a constant state of fear and are 15 times more likely to be victims of child abuse.", "Violence against women __knowledge__ Violence against women (VAW), also known as gender-based violence, is, collectively, violent acts that are primarily or exclusively committed against women.", "Violence against women __knowledge__ Sometimes considered a hate crime, this type of violence targets a specific group with the victim's gender as a primary motive.", "Violence against women __knowledge__ This type of violence is gender-based, meaning that the acts of violence are committed against women expressly because they are women.", "Violence against women __knowledge__ The UN Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women states, \"violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women\" and \"violence against women is one of the crucial social mechanisms by which women are forced into a subordinate position compared with men.\"" ] ]

[ 7, 57, 44, 67 ]

[ "My dad was never what you would call a \"good parent\" as he's very strict and doesn't have good parenting skills.", "Do you feel that you were ever abused? Did your parents cause you harm?", "Oh that's good! I was not abused either but there was domestic violence in my home. My dad used to hit my mom.", "Thank you. I actually feel very lucky that I wasn't abused since children who live in homes where there is domestic violence are 15 times more likely to be victims of abuse." ]

[ "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting" ]

[ "Ketogenic diet\nI just started a ketogenic diet. So far it is going well.", "No I am allowed to eat meats so I get a lot of bacon and burgers.", "That's right. Body goes into ketosis which helps with weight loss.", "Some people report a brain fog. So far I haven't experienced that.", "No I'm trying to lose weight. I know it helps with epilepsy." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), also known as refractory epilepsy or pharmacoresistant epilepsy, is defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used antiepileptic drugs (AED schedules) (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ The probability that the next medication will achieve seizure freedom drops with every failed AED; for example after two failed AEDs the probability that the third will achieve seizure freedom is around 4%.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy is commonly diagnosed after several years of uncontrolled seizures however in most cases it is evident much earlier.", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ GLUT1 deficiency, also known as De Vivo disease, is an autosomal dominant, genetic metabolic disorder associated with a deficiency of GLUT1, the protein that transports glucose across the blood brain barrier also known as Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS).", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ Glucose Transporter Type 1 Deficiency Syndrome has an estimated birth incidence of 1 in 90,000.", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ This birth incidence translates to an estimated prevalence of 3,000 to 7,000 in the U.S. Glut1 deficiency is characterized by an array of signs and symptoms including deceleration of head growth also known as microcephaly, mental and motor developmental delays, infantile seizures refractory to anticonvulsants, ataxia, dystonia, dysarthria, opsoclonus, spasticity, and other paroxysmal neurologic phenomena.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a result of metabolizing fat to provide energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a nutritional process characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 mM, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides).", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A cyclic ketogenic diet (or carb-cycling) is a low-carbohydrate diet with intermittent periods of high or moderate carbohydrate consumption.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ This is a form of the general ketogenic diet that is used as a way to maximize fat loss while maintaining the ability to perform high-intensity exercise.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A ketogenic diet limits the number of grams of carbohydrate the dieter may eat, which may be anywhere between 0 and 50g per day.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The remainder of the caloric intake must come primarily from fat sources, as well as protein sources, in order to maintain ketosis.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ (Ketosis is the condition in which the body burns fats and uses ketones instead of glucose for fuel.)", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ ...First Do No Harm is a 1997 American made-for-television drama film directed by Jim Abrahams about a boy whose severe epilepsy, unresponsive to medications with terrible side effects, is controlled by the ketogenic diet.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ Aspects of the story mirror Abrahams' own experience with his son Charlie.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ The film tells a story in the life of a Midwestern family, the Reimullers.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ Lori (played by Meryl Streep) is the mother of three children and the wife of Dave (Fred Ward), a truck driver.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ The family are presented as happy, normal and comfortable financially: they have just bought a horse and are planning a holiday to Hawaii.", "Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency __knowledge__ Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD), also known as 4-hydroxybutyric aciduria or gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the degradation pathway of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid, or GABA.", "Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency __knowledge__ The disorder has been identified in approximately 350 families, with a significant proportion being consanguineous families.", "Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency __knowledge__ The first case was identified in 1981 and published in a Dutch clinical chemistry journal that highlighted a person with a number of neurological conditions such as delayed intellectual, motor, speech, and language as the most common manifestations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork.", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is prepared from several different cuts of meat, typically from the pork belly or from back cuts, which has less fat than the belly.", "Bacon __knowledge__ It is eaten on its own, as a side dish (particularly in breakfasts), or used as a minor ingredient to flavour dishes (e.g., the club sandwich).", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is also used for barding and larding roasts, especially game, including venison and pheasant.", "Bacon __knowledge__ The word is derived from the Old High German \"bacho\", meaning \"buttock\", \"ham\" or \"side of bacon\", and is cognate with the Old French \"bacon\".", "Bacon __knowledge__ Meat from other animals, such as beef, lamb, chicken, goat, or turkey, may also be cut, cured, or otherwise prepared to resemble bacon, and may even be referred to as \"bacon\".", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ As far back as the 1970s, international fast food restaurant chain Burger King has attempted to introduce a premium line of burgers.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ These sandwiches are part of a system which eventually became known as the barbell strategy; a plan designed to expand Burger King's menu with both more sophisticated, adult-oriented fare along with products that are more value-oriented.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ This program is intended to bring in a larger, more affluent adult audience who will be willing to spend more on the better quality products on one side while maintaining a lower cost value menu dedicated to a more cost-conscious audience on the other.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ A steak burger is a type of sandwich prepared using steak as a primary ingredient.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the United States, the first steak burger offered to consumers appears to have been invented in 1934.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Beefsteak is typically used, although other meats can also be made into steak burgers.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ They may be prepared with various accompaniments and toppings, and several restaurant versions have existed in the past and continue to be prepared in contemporary times.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Use of the term \"steakburger\" dates to the 1920s in the United States.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the U.S. in 1934, A.H. \"Gus\" Belt, the founder of Steak 'n Shake, devised a steak burger and offered it to customers at the company's first location in Normal, Illinois.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets.", "Diabetic diet __knowledge__ A diabetic diet is a diet that is used by people with diabetes mellitus or high blood glucose to minimize symptoms and dangerous consequences of the disease.", "Diabetic diet __knowledge__ Since carbohydrate is the macronutrient that raises blood glucose levels most significantly, the greatest debate is how low in carbohydrates the diet should be.", "Diabetic diet __knowledge__ This is because although lowering carbohydrate intake will help reduce blood glucose levels, a low-carbohydrate diet conflicts with the traditional establishment view that carbohydrates should be the main source of calories.", "Diabetic diet __knowledge__ Recommendations of the fraction of total calories to be obtained from carbohydrate are generally in the range of 20% to 45%, but recommendations can vary as widely as from 16% to 75%.", "No-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ A no-carbohydrate diet (no-carb diet, zero carb diet) excludes dietary consumption of all carbohydrates (including dietary fiber) and suggests fat as the main source of energy with sufficient protein.", "No-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ A no-carbohydrate diet may be ketogenic, which means it causes the body to go into a state of ketosis, converting dietary fat and body fat into ketone bodies which are used to fuel parts of the body that do not oxidize fat for energy, especially the brain.", "No-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Some bodily organs and parts of the brain still require glucose, which is tightly regulated by the liver and adequately supplied by gluconeogenesis or by converting glycerol from the breakdown of triglycerides.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ Wolfgang J. Lutz (May 27, 1913 – 19 September 2010) was an Austrian inventor, physician and author of Leben ohne Brot.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ He showed how, with little recourse to surgery or drugs, fundamental improvement could be made to health through low carbohydrate nutrition; Lutz demonstrated, inter alia, a probable way of preventing the huge and mounting toll exacted by obesity and diabetes.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ To honour this contribution, Lutz was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2007.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ His book with Christian Allan: Life without Bread: How a low-carbohydrate diet can save your life is still in print after 16 years.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ Recently a biography has been published: My Life without Bread: Dr Lutz at 90, which includes a complete list of his publications, also: Uncle Wolfi's Secret, which explores the work of Dr Lutz in everyday language.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a result of metabolizing fat to provide energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a nutritional process characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 mM, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a result of metabolizing fat to provide energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a nutritional process characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 mM, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides).", "Weight management __knowledge__ Weight management techniques encompass long-term lifestyle strategies that promote healthy eating and daily physical activity.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Effective weight management strategies consider not only weight loss toward but also the maintenance of a healthy body weight over time.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Moreover, weight management involves an understanding of meaningful ways to track weight over time and set ideal body weights for different individuals.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Weight management does not include fad diets that promote quick, temporary weight loss.", "Weight management __knowledge__ It focuses on the long-term results that are achieved through slow weight loss, followed by retention of an ideal body weight for age, sex and height.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Weight loss __knowledge__ Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, refers to a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon, and other connective tissue.", "Weight loss __knowledge__ Weight loss can either occur unintentionally due to malnourishment or an underlying disease or arise from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state.", "Weight loss __knowledge__ \"Unexplained\" weight loss that is not caused by reduction in calorific intake or exercise is called cachexia and may be a symptom of a serious medical condition.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Management of obesity can include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ The main treatment for obesity consists of dieting and physical exercise.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Diet programs may produce weight loss over the short term, but maintaining this weight loss is frequently difficult and often requires making exercise and a lower calorie diet a permanent part of an individual's lifestyle.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Success rates of long-term weight loss maintenance with lifestyle changes are low, ranging from 2 to 20%.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Dietary and lifestyle changes are effective in limiting excessive weight gain in pregnancy and improve outcomes for both the mother and the child.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all or predominantly single bonds.", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ A fat is made of two kinds of smaller molecules: glycerol and fatty acids.", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ Fats are made of long chains of carbon (C) atoms.", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ Some carbon atoms are linked by single bonds (-C-C-) and others are linked by double bonds (-C=C-).", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ Double bonds can react with hydrogen to form single bonds.", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ They are called saturated, because the second bond is broken up and each half of the bond is attached to (saturated with) a hydrogen atom.", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ Most animal fats are saturated.", "Saturated fat __knowledge__ The fats of plants and fish are generally unsaturated.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Trans fat, or trans-unsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, are a type of unsaturated fat that occur in small amounts in nature, but became widely produced industrially from vegetable fats for use in margarine, snack food, packaged baked goods, and frying fast food starting in the 1950s.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Trans fat has been shown to consistently be associated, in an intake-dependent way, with increased risk of coronary artery disease, a leading cause of death in Western nations.", "Trans fat __knowledge__ Fats contain long hydrocarbon chains, which can either be unsaturated, i.e., have double bonds, or saturated, i.e., have no double bonds.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ Animal nutrition focuses on the dietary needs of animals, primarily those in agriculture and food production, but also in zoos, aquariums and wildlife management.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ There are seven major classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, fibre, minerals, proteins, vitamins, and water.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ The macronutrients (excluding fiber and water) provide structural material (amino acids from which proteins are built, and lipids from which cell membranes and some signaling molecules are built) and energy.", "Animal nutrition __knowledge__ Some of the structural material can be used to generate energy internally, and in either case it is measured in joules or calories (sometimes called \"kilocalories\" and on other rare occasions written with a capital \"C\" to distinguish them from little 'c' calories).", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "Glossary of psychiatry __knowledge__ This glossary covers terms found in the psychiatric literature; the word origins are primarily Greek, but there are also Latin, French, German, and English terms.", "Glossary of psychiatry __knowledge__ Many of these terms refer to expressions dating from the early days of psychiatry in Croatia.", "Glossary of psychiatry __knowledge__ Abreaction is a process of vividly reliving repressed memories and emotions related to a past event.", "Glossary of psychiatry __knowledge__ Sigmund Freud used hypnosis to rid their patients of pathological memories through abreaction.", "Glossary of psychiatry __knowledge__ Aboulia or Abulia, in neurology, refers to a lack of will or initiative.", "Glossary of psychiatry __knowledge__ The patient is unable to act or make decisions independently.", "Glossary of psychiatry __knowledge__ It may range from subtle to overwhelming in severity.", "Clouding of consciousness __knowledge__ Clouding of consciousness, also known as brain fog or mental fog, is a term used in medicine denoting an abnormality in the regulation of the overall level of consciousness that is mild and less severe than a delirium.", "Clouding of consciousness __knowledge__ The sufferer experiences a subjective sensation of mental clouding described as feeling \"foggy\".", "Clouding of consciousness __knowledge__ The term \"clouding of consciousness\" has always denoted the main pathogenetic feature of delirium since Greiner first pioneered the term (Verdunkelung des Bewusstseins) in 1817.", "Clouding of consciousness __knowledge__ The \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\" (DSM) has historically used the term in its definition of delirium.", "Multiple chemical sensitivity __knowledge__ Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), also known as idiopathic environmental intolerances (IEI), is a disputed chronic condition characterized by symptoms that the affected person attributes to low-level exposures to commonly used chemicals.", "Multiple chemical sensitivity __knowledge__ Symptoms are typically vague and non-specific.", "Multiple chemical sensitivity __knowledge__ They may include fatigue, headaches, nausea, and dizziness.", "Multiple chemical sensitivity __knowledge__ Commonly attributed substances include scented products, pesticides, plastics, synthetic fabrics, smoke, petroleum products, and paint fumes.", "Multiple chemical sensitivity __knowledge__ Although the symptoms themselves are real, and can be disabling, MCS is not recognized as an organic, chemical-caused illness by the World Health Organization, American Medical Association, or any of several other professional medical organizations.", "Allan Kwartler __knowledge__ Allan S. Kwartler (September 10, 1917 – November 11, 1998), born in New York City, was an American sabre and foil fencer.", "Allan Kwartler __knowledge__ He was Pan-American sabre champion, 3-time Olympian, and twice a member of sabre teams that earned 4th-place in Olympic Games (1952, 1960).", "Allan Kwartler __knowledge__ Kwartler began fencing at Wayne State University under Bela de Tuscan at age 28.", "Allan Kwartler __knowledge__ He continued at Michigan State University under Charles Schmitter, while he earned a degree in 1948 in bacteriology.", "Allan Kwartler __knowledge__ He returned to New York City in 1948, when he joined Salle Santelli.", "Allan Kwartler __knowledge__ His coaches were Giorgio Santelli in sabre, and Ed Lucia in foil.", "Allan Kwartler __knowledge__ He was the United States' most consistent 2-weapon fencer in the 1950s and 1960s, a several-times US National Championships finalist in sabre and foil.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ Consciousness is the state or quality of awareness, or, of being aware of an external object or something within oneself.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ It has been defined variously in terms of sentience, awareness, qualia, subjectivity, the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood or soul, the fact that there is something \"that it is like\" to \"have\" or \"be\" it, and the executive control system of the mind.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ In contemporary philosophy its definition is often hinted at via the logical possibility of its absence, the philosophical zombie, which is defined as a being whose behavior and function are identical to one's own yet there is \"no-one in there\" experiencing it.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ The Flint water crisis began in 2014 when the drinking water source for the city of Flint, Michigan was changed to the Flint River.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ Due to insufficient water treatment, over 100,000 residents were potentially exposed to high levels of lead in the drinking water.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ After a pair of scientific studies proved lead contamination was present in the water supply, a federal state of emergency was declared in January 2016 and Flint residents were instructed to use only bottled or filtered water for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and bathing.", "Flint water crisis __knowledge__ As of early 2017, the water quality had returned to acceptable levels; however, residents were instructed to continue to use bottled or filtered water until all the lead pipes have been replaced, which is expected to be completed no sooner than 2020.", "Lyme disease __knowledge__ Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the \"Borrelia\" type which is spread by ticks.", "Lyme disease __knowledge__ The most common sign of infection is an expanding area of redness on the skin, known as erythema migrans, that begins at the site of a tick bite about a week after it has occurred.", "Lyme disease __knowledge__ The rash is typically neither itchy nor painful.", "Lyme disease __knowledge__ Approximately 25–50% of infected people do not develop a rash.", "Lyme disease __knowledge__ Other early symptoms may include fever, headache and feeling tired.", "Lyme disease __knowledge__ If untreated, symptoms may include loss of the ability to move one or both sides of the face, joint pains, severe headaches with neck stiffness, or heart palpitations, among others.", "Human brain __knowledge__ The human brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system.", "Human brain __knowledge__ The brain consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum.", "Human brain __knowledge__ It controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from the sense organs, and making decisions as to the instructions sent to the rest of the body.", "Human brain __knowledge__ The brain is contained in, and protected by, the skull bones of the head.", "Human brain __knowledge__ The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain.", "Human brain __knowledge__ It is divided into two cerebral hemispheres.", "Human brain __knowledge__ The cerebral cortex is an outer layer of grey matter, covering the core of white matter.", "Hypoglycemia __knowledge__ Hypoglycemia, also known as low blood sugar, is when blood sugar decreases to below normal levels.", "Hypoglycemia __knowledge__ This may result in a variety of symptoms including clumsiness, trouble talking, confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures, or death.", "Hypoglycemia __knowledge__ A feeling of hunger, sweating, shakiness, and weakness may also be present.", "Hypoglycemia __knowledge__ Symptoms typically come on quickly.", "Hypoglycemia __knowledge__ The most common cause of hypoglycemia is medications used to treat diabetes mellitus such as insulin and sulfonylureas.", "Hypoglycemia __knowledge__ Risk is greater in diabetics who have eaten less than usual, exercised more than usual, or have drunk alcohol.", "Hypoglycemia __knowledge__ Other causes of hypoglycemia include kidney failure, certain tumors, such as insulinoma, liver disease, hypothyroidism, starvation, inborn error of metabolism, severe infections, reactive hypoglycemia, and a number of drugs including alcohol.", "Glucokinase __knowledge__ Glucokinase () is an enzyme that facilitates phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.", "Glucokinase __knowledge__ Glucokinase occurs in cells in the liver and pancreas of humans and most other vertebrates.", "Glucokinase __knowledge__ In each of these organs it plays an important role in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by acting as a glucose sensor, triggering shifts in metabolism or cell function in response to rising or falling levels of glucose, such as occur after a meal or when fasting.", "Glucokinase __knowledge__ Mutagens of the gene for this enzyme can cause unusual forms of diabetes or hypoglycemia.", "Glucokinase __knowledge__ Glucokinase (GK) is a hexokinase isozyme, related homologously to at least three other hexokinases.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ Hypothermia is reduced body temperature that happens when a body dissipates more heat than it absorbs.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ In humans, it is defined as a body core temperature below .", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ Symptoms depend on the temperature.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ In mild hypothermia there is shivering and mental confusion.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ In moderate hypothermia shivering stops and confusion increases.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ In severe hypothermia, there may be paradoxical undressing, in which a person removes his or her clothing, as well as an increased risk of the heart stopping.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ Hypothermia has two main types of causes.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ It classically occurs from exposure to extreme cold.", "Hypothermia __knowledge__ It may also occur from any condition that decreases heat production or increases heat loss.", "Exercise physiology __knowledge__ Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise.", "Exercise physiology __knowledge__ It is the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to a wide range of exercise conditions.", "Exercise physiology __knowledge__ Exercise physiologists study the effect of exercise on pathology, and the mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression.", "Exercise physiology __knowledge__ Humans have a high capacity to expend energy for many hours during sustained exertion.", "Exercise physiology __knowledge__ For example, one individual cycling at a speed of through over 50 consecutive days expended a total of 1,145 MJ (273,850 kcal; 273,850 dieter calories) with an average power output of 182.5 W. Skeletal muscle burns 90 mg (0.5 mmol) of glucose each minute during continuous activity (such as when repetitively extending the human knee), generating ≈24 W of mechanical energy, and since muscle energy conversion is only 22–26% efficient, ≈76 W of heat energy.", "Glucose __knowledge__ Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula CHO, which means that it is a molecule that is made of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms.", "Glucose __knowledge__ Glucose circulates in the blood of animals as blood sugar.", "Glucose __knowledge__ It is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight.", "Glucose __knowledge__ It is the most important source of energy for cellular respiration.", "Glucose __knowledge__ Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.", "Glucose __knowledge__ With six carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a subcategory of the monosaccharides.", "Glucose __knowledge__ -Glucose is one of the sixteen aldohexose stereoisomers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ Epileptic seizures are episodes that can vary from brief and nearly undetectable to long periods of vigorous shaking.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ These episodes can result in physical injuries including occasionally broken bones.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ In epilepsy, seizures tend to recur and as a rule, have no immediate underlying cause.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ Isolated seizures that are provoked by a specific cause such as poisoning are not deemed to represent epilepsy.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ People with epilepsy in some areas of the world experience varying degrees of social stigma due to their condition.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ The cause of most cases of epilepsy is unknown.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 2 is the seventh season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The season premiered on January 6, 2009, with eleven overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Alison Sweeney is featured as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Helen Phillips won the competition with a total weight loss percentage of 54.47%.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The total doesn't count unrevealed votes (if the contestant has already received the require number of votes needed to be eliminated).", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Contestants are listed in chronological order of elimination.", "Body image __knowledge__ Body image is a person's perception of the aesthetics or sexual attractiveness of their own body.", "Body image __knowledge__ The phrase \"body image\" was first coined by the Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst Paul Schilder in his book \"The Image and Appearance of the Human Body\" (1935).", "Body image __knowledge__ Human society has at all times placed great value on beauty of the human body, but a person's perception of their own body may not correspond to society's standards.", "Body image __knowledge__ The concept of body image is used in a number of disciplines, including psychology, medicine, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, philosophy and cultural and feminist studies.", "Body image __knowledge__ The term is also often used in the media.", "Katie Green __knowledge__ Katie Green (born 28 August 1987) is an English model from Chichester, West Sussex.", "Katie Green __knowledge__ She was first given an opportunity to model when a Surrey photographer arranged a test-shoot for her at Image Park Studio in West Sussex.", "Katie Green __knowledge__ Green was originally signed to represent Wonderbra in July 2008, but her agency required her to lose weight, and she refused, ending her contract.", "Katie Green __knowledge__ Green is unusual among models because of her height and weight and her refusal to lose weight to conform to the norms agencies expect of models.", "Katie Green __knowledge__ She initiated a campaign against size zero models with Liberal Democrat MP Lembit Öpik.", "Epileptic seizure __knowledge__ An epileptic seizure, also known as an epileptic fit, is a brief episode of signs or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.", "Epileptic seizure __knowledge__ The outward effect can vary from uncontrolled jerking movement (tonic-clonic seizure) to as subtle as a momentary loss of awareness (absence seizure).", "Epileptic seizure __knowledge__ Diseases of the brain characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures are collectively called epilepsy.", "Epileptic seizure __knowledge__ Seizures can also occur in people who do not have epilepsy for various reasons including brain trauma, drug use, elevated body temperature, low blood sugar and low levels of oxygen.", "Panayiotopoulos syndrome __knowledge__ Panayiotopoulos syndrome (named after C. P. Panayiotopoulos) is a common idiopathic childhood-related seizure disorder that occurs exclusively in otherwise normal children (idiopathic epilepsy) and manifests mainly with autonomic epileptic seizures and autonomic status epilepticus.", "Panayiotopoulos syndrome __knowledge__ An expert consensus has defined Panayiotopoulos syndrome as \"a benign age-related focal seizure disorder occurring in early and mid-childhood.", "Panayiotopoulos syndrome __knowledge__ It is characterized by seizures, often prolonged, with predominantly autonomic symptoms, and by an EEG [electroencephalogram] that shows shifting and/or multiple foci, often with occipital predominance.\"", "Spike-and-wave __knowledge__ Spike-and-wave is the term that describes a particular pattern of the electroencephalogram (EEG) typically observed during epileptic seizures.", "Spike-and-wave __knowledge__ A spike-and-wave discharge is a regular, symmetrical, generalized EEG pattern seen particularly during absence epilepsy, also known as ‘petit mal’ epilepsy.", "Spike-and-wave __knowledge__ The basic mechanisms underlying these patterns are complex and involve part of the cerebral cortex, the thalamocortical network, and intrinsic neuronal mechanisms.", "Spike-and-wave __knowledge__ The first spike-and-wave pattern was recorded in the early twentieth century by Hans Berger.", "Spike-and-wave __knowledge__ Many aspects of the pattern are still being researched and discovered, and still many aspects are uncertain.", "Electroencephalography __knowledge__ Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record electrical activity of the brain.", "Electroencephalography __knowledge__ It is typically noninvasive, with the electrodes placed along the scalp, although invasive electrodes are sometimes used such as in electrocorticography.", "Electroencephalography __knowledge__ EEG measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current within the neurons of the brain.", "Electroencephalography __knowledge__ In clinical contexts, EEG refers to the recording of the brain's spontaneous electrical activity over a period of time, as recorded from multiple electrodes placed on the scalp.", "Electroencephalography __knowledge__ Diagnostic applications generally focus either on event-related potentials or on the spectral content of EEG.", "Frontal lobe epilepsy __knowledge__ Frontal lobe epilepsy, or FLE, is a neurological disorder that is characterized by brief, recurring seizures that arise in the frontal lobes of the brain, often while the patient is sleeping.", "Frontal lobe epilepsy __knowledge__ It is the second most common type of epilepsy after temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and is related to the temporal form by the fact that both forms are characterized by the occurrence of partial (focal) seizures.", "Frontal lobe epilepsy __knowledge__ Partial seizures occurring in the frontal lobes can occur in one of two different forms: either simple partial seizures (that do not affect awareness or memory) or complex partial seizures (that affect awareness or memory either before, during or after a seizure)." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6, 4 ]

[ "Do you have any difficulty following the low-carbohydrate diet? ", "Thats good because this diet causes you to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "You're right, it also releases glucose, which is important in fueling brain-function.", "For some it also leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures. Is that why you do this diet?", "I see, then its great because it converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies!" ]

[ "Ketogenic diet", "Ketogenic diet", "Ketogenic diet", "Ketogenic diet", "Ketogenic diet" ]

[ "Pizza\ni love pizza so much.", "same, pepperoni is so good on pizza.", "yea i know its everywhere.", "yep its so easy to eat and make but so good and convenient.", "oh yea i def agree tho i wish they had better places" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Broadview Press __knowledge__ Broadview Press is an independent academic publisher that focuses on the humanities.", "Broadview Press __knowledge__ Founded in 1985 by Don LePan, the company now employs over 25 people, has over 500 titles in print, and publishes approximately 50 titles each year.", "Broadview Press __knowledge__ Broadview’s offices are located across Canada in Calgary, Peterborough, Nanaimo, Guelph and Wolfville.", "Broadview Press __knowledge__ In its early years, Broadview operated out of LePan’s home in Peterborough, Ontario, publishing a small number of titles for both trade and academic markets.", "Broadview Press __knowledge__ With the publication of books such as \"The Broadview Anthology of Poetry\", \"The Broadview Reader\", and the first few titles in the Broadview Editions series in the early 1990s, Broadview began to focus exclusively on the academic market." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni (also known as pepperoni sausage) is an American variety of salami, made from cured pork and beef mixed together and seasoned with paprika or other chili pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni is characteristically soft, slightly smoky, and bright red in color.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Thinly sliced pepperoni is a popular pizza topping in American-style pizzerias and is used as filling in the West Virginia pepperoni roll.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The term \"pepperoni\" is a borrowing of \"peperoni\", the plural of \"peperone\", the Italian word for bell pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The first use of \"pepperoni\" to refer to a sausage dates to 1919.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Even if in Italian the word is plural (like the Italian word \"salami\", plural of \"salame\"), the English word pepperoni is used as a singular uncountable noun.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ The pepperoni roll is a snack popular in West Virginia and some nearby regions of the Appalachian Mountains such as Western Pennsylvania, Western Maryland, and Appalachian Ohio.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ It is ubiquitous in West Virginia, particularly in convenience stores, and is arguably the food most closely associated with the state.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ The classic pepperoni roll consists of a fairly soft white yeast bread roll with pepperoni baked in the middle.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ During baking, the fats in the pepperoni (which are hard at room temperature) melt, resulting in a spicy oil suffusing into the bread.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ Pepperoni rolls are typically eaten as a snack or as the main dish of a lunch either unheated or slightly warmed.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises Inc. (doing business as Little Caesars) is the third-largest pizza chain in the United States, behind Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ It operates and franchises pizza restaurants in the United States and internationally in Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1959 and is based in Detroit, Michigan, headquartered in the Fox Theatre building in Downtown.", "Little Caesars __knowledge__ Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Ilitch Holdings, Inc. Little Caesars Pizza was founded on May 8, 1959, by Mike Ilitch and his wife Marian Ilitch.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ Pizza cheese encompasses several varieties and types of cheeses and dairy products that are designed and manufactured for use specifically on pizza.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ These include processed and modified cheese such as mozzarella-like processed cheeses and mozzarella variants.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ The term can also refer to any type of cheese suitable for use on pizza.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ The most popular cheeses used in the preparation of pizza are mozzarella (accounting for about 30%), provolone, cheddar and Parmesan.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ Emmental, Romano and ricotta are often used as toppings, and processed pizza cheeses manufactured specifically for pizza are mass-produced." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Daniel R. Liljenquist (born July 10, 1974) is an American businessman and former politician.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He was a Republican member of the Utah State Senate representing the state's 23rd senate district in Davis County from January 2009 to December 2011.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He resigned to run in the 2012 election for U.S. Senate against 36-year-incumbent United States Senator Orrin Hatch.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Liljenquist was defeated by Hatch in the primary election.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He currently consults on pension reform and healthcare.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He serves on the boards of the Lucy Burns Institute, which publishes Ballotpedia, and the Utah Debate Commission.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Born in Nashville to Dr. John E. Liljenquist and Colleen Redford Liljenquist, he spent most of his childhood in Idaho Falls.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The Shire of Yea was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1869 until 1994.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire's population was dominated by the town of Yea.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Yea was first incorporated as a road district on 1 February 1869, and became a shire on 28 November 1873.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Its boundaries changed a number of times throughout its existence: The Shire was described in the 1949 Australian Blue Book as an elevated area given to pastoral and dairying pursuits, along with sheep and cattle grazing.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ By 1994, 51% of Yea's land was under cultivation as farmland, with the Kinglake National Park and Yea River Regional Park as well as the Murrindindi Forest, the latter being important to Yea's economy for timber production, accounting for much of the rest.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "Yea River __knowledge__ The Yea River, an inland perennial river of the Goulburn Broken catchment, part of the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the lower South Eastern Highlands bioregion and Northern Country/North Central regions of the Australian state of Victoria.", "Yea River __knowledge__ The Yea River rises in the Toolangi State Forest north-east of and northwest of Mount Tanglefoot, part of the Great Dividing Range.", "Yea River __knowledge__ The river generally flows in a northerly direction, generally aligned with the Melba Highway which crosses the river in its lower reaches.", "Yea River __knowledge__ The river is joined by six tributaries including the Murrindindi River, flows east and north of the town of before reaching its confluence with the Goulburn River, near Ghin Ghin Bridge.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep, Yep)\" (also known as \"Where It's At\" in its short title) is a song recorded by American country music artist Dustin Lynch.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It was released in March 2014 as the first single from his second studio album.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The album, \"Where It's At\", was released on September 9, 2014.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song was written by Cary Barlowe, Zach Crowell and Matt Jenkins.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised its upbeat instrumentals and Lynch's vocal performance.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ \"Where It's At (Yep Yep)\" was Lynch's first number-one single on the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay chart.", "Where It's At (Yep, Yep) __knowledge__ It also charted at numbers 4 and 42 on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The Dragon series is a tetralogy of fantasy novels by Chinese American author Laurence Yep.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ Yep had already written several books including the Newbery Honor novel \"Dragonwings\" by 1980, when, after undertaking careful research, he decided to adapt Chinese mythology into a fantasy form, something he had always wanted to do since he had sold his first science fiction story at 18.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ He \"tried to stay true to the spirit\" of these myths, but did not try \"to keep their exact details\".", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The \"perfect vehicle\" he chose was a folktale in which the Monkey King captured a river spirit who had flooded an entire city, which he at first tried to conceive in picture book form.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "The Mayflies USA __knowledge__ The Mayflies USA are a Chapel Hill, North Carolina-based power pop rock band signed to Yep Roc Records.", "The Mayflies USA __knowledge__ The band is a classic example of power pop, as their songs featured catchy melodies, vocal harmonies, and prominent guitar riffs.", "The Mayflies USA __knowledge__ Their style was influenced by older bands such as The Beatles, Big Star, and also more contemporary groups like Teenage Fanclub and Velvet Crush.", "The Mayflies USA __knowledge__ The band released their debut EP in 1997, and their next three albums were released by Yep Roc.", "The Mayflies USA __knowledge__ North Carolina producer Chris Stamey (formerly of The dB's, and credited by the band as the \"fifth\" Mayfly) produced their first two records for Yep Roc, \"Summertown\" and \"The Pity List\".", "Anna Periquet __knowledge__ Anna Marie Periquet (born 1965) is a Filipino-born entrepreneur advocate, businesswoman, socio civic leader, talk show host, 5-dance Latin dancesport athlete and champion, public servant, and a former member of the House of Representatives.", "Anna Periquet __knowledge__ Periquet is the President and COO of Anna Marie Home Collection (Philippines), Inc., owner of brand name Anna Marie Home (AMH).", "Anna Periquet __knowledge__ The company was incorporated in 2002 with its headquarters in Manila.", "Anna Periquet __knowledge__ It was established primarily as a retail outlet for furniture and home furnishings through its main showroom, Anna Marie Home, located in Makati City.", "Anna Periquet __knowledge__ In a short span of one year, the company's operations have expanded to include the exclusive distributorship of home furniture and furnishings to major chain stores, retail outlets and lifestyle boutiques in the Philippines.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Steve McDonald (Coronation Street) __knowledge__ Steven James \"Steve\" McDonald is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\", played by Simon Gregson.", "Steve McDonald (Coronation Street) __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen during the episode airing on 6 December 1989.", "Steve McDonald (Coronation Street) __knowledge__ He arrived as part of the McDonald family introduced by producer Mervyn Watson along with his twin brother Andy (Nicholas Cochrane) and parents Liz (Beverley Callard) and Jim McDonald (Charles Lawson).", "Steve McDonald (Coronation Street) __knowledge__ Steve's storylines include his many marriages to Vicky Arden (Chloe Newsome), Karen Phillips (Suranne Jones) twice, Becky Granger (Katherine Kelly), Tracy Barlow (Kate Ford) and Michelle Connor (Kym Marsh), as well as Tracy giving birth to his daughter Amy (Elle Mulvaney) and also depression.", "Normal People Scare Me __knowledge__ Normal People Scare Me: A Film about Autism is a documentary film about autism, produced by Joey Travolta, older brother of actor John Travolta.", "Normal People Scare Me __knowledge__ The documentary initially began as a 10-minute short film co-directed by an autistic teenager named Taylor Cross, and his mother Keri Bowers.", "Normal People Scare Me __knowledge__ Joey Travolta first met Cross at a program Travolta led teaching the art of filmmaking to children with special needs.", "Normal People Scare Me __knowledge__ He helped educate Cross about filmmaking, and the documentary was expanded into a feature-length film.", "Normal People Scare Me __knowledge__ It includes interviews with 65 people, including those who are autistic as well as friends and family.", "The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher __knowledge__ The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher (1974) is collection of 29 essays written by Lewis Thomas for the \"New England Journal of Medicine\" between 1971 and 1973.", "The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher __knowledge__ Throughout his essays, Thomas touches on subjects as various as biology, anthropology, medicine, music (showing a particular affinity for Bach), etymology, mass communication, and computers.", "The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher __knowledge__ The pieces resonate with the underlying theme of the interconnected nature of Earth and all living things.", "The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher __knowledge__ Lewis Thomas was a physician, immunology researcher, dean, poet, etymologist, and essayist.", "The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher __knowledge__ He attended Princeton University followed by Harvard Medical School.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "Sustainable tourism __knowledge__ Sustainable tourism is the concept of visiting a place as a tourist and trying to make only a positive impact on the environment, society and economy.", "Sustainable tourism __knowledge__ Tourism can involve primary transportation to the general location, local transportation, accommodations, entertainment, recreation, nourishment and shopping.", "Sustainable tourism __knowledge__ It can be related to travel for leisure, business and what is called VFR (visiting friends and relatives).", "Sustainable tourism __knowledge__ There is now broad consensus that tourism development should be sustainable; however, the question of how to achieve this remains an object of debate.", "Sustainable tourism __knowledge__ Without travel there is no tourism, so the concept of sustainable tourism is tightly linked to a concept of sustainable mobility.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho () is the capital city, center of economics, education and technology of Tiền Giang Province, located in the Mekong Delta region of South Vietnam.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ It has a population of approximately 169,000 in 2006 and 220,000 in 2012.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The majority ethnic group is the Kinh, and some of the Chinese, the Cham and the Khmer.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Boat rides on the Mỹ Tho River are popular with tourists, and the city is known for \"hủ tiếu Mỹ Tho\", a type of soup.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho was founded in the 1680s by Chinese refugees fleeing China, when the entire country became a colony of the Manchu-led Qing Empire in 1683.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The area, at the time, was once part of the former Khmer Empire and it was annexed to Vietnam in the 18th century.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ The 2008 Tennis Masters Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ It was the 39th edition of the year-end singles championships, the 34th edition of the year-end doubles championships, and part of the 2008 ATP Tour.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ It took place at the Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena in Shanghai, China, from November 9 through November 16, 2008.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) No.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ 3 Novak Djokovic of Serbia won his first year-end championships title in the singles event, defeating ATP No.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ 5 Nikolay Davydenko of Russia in the final 6–1, 7–5.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ Four-time winner, two-time defending champion Roger Federer was defeated in the round robin stage of the event for the first time in seven consecutive appearances.", "Def Wish Cast __knowledge__ Def Wish Cast (sometimes known as Def Wish Posse or abbreviated to DWC) are a pioneering Australian hip hop group originally from Western Sydney.", "Def Wish Cast __knowledge__ Def Wish Cast are an Australian hip hop group that asserts itself as founders of Australian hip hop, \"having created something localized that was revered and is now mythologized.\"", "Def Wish Cast __knowledge__ The group also states its hip hop credentials through its lyrics, rapping that they are \"always hardcore/ ‘cos hardcore means true to the music\" DJ Vame stated that being \"true to the music\" is shown by Def Wish Cast’s faithfulness to the \"original instruments\" of hip-hop: two turntables and a microphone.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Before dawn on January 30, 1964, General Nguyễn Khánh ousted the military junta led by General Dương Văn Minh from the leadership of South Vietnam without firing a shot.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ It came less than three months after Minh's junta had themselves come to power in a bloody coup against then President Ngô Đình Diệm.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ The coup was bloodless and took less than a few hours—after power had been seized Minh's aide and bodyguard, Major Nguyễn Văn Nhung was arrested and summarily executed.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Distrusted by his colleagues because of his tendency to change sides and his reputation as an intriguer, Khánh was assigned to I Corps in the far north of the country after Diệm's overthrow to keep him away from the capital Saigon.", "Bagel __knowledge__ A bagel ( '; ), also spelled beigel, is a bread product originating in the Jewish communities of Poland.", "Bagel __knowledge__ It is traditionally shaped by hand into the form of a ring from yeasted wheat dough, roughly hand-sized, that is first boiled for a short time in water and then baked.", "Bagel __knowledge__ The result is a dense, chewy, doughy interior with a browned and sometimes crisp exterior.", "Bagel __knowledge__ Bagels are often topped with seeds baked on the outer crust, with the traditional ones being poppy or sesame seeds.", "Bagel __knowledge__ Some may have salt sprinkled on their surface, and there are different dough types, such as whole-grain or rye.", "Bagel __knowledge__ Though the origins of bagels are somewhat obscure, it is known that they were widely consumed in Ashkenazi Jewish communities from the 17th century.", "Asda __knowledge__ Asda Stores Ltd. trading as Asda, is a British supermarket retailer, headquartered in Leeds, West Yorkshire.", "Asda __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1965 when the supermarket owning Asquith family merged with the Associated Dairies company of Yorkshire.", "Asda __knowledge__ It expanded in to the south of England during the 1970s and 1980s, and acquired Allied Carpets, 61 large Gateway Supermarkets and other businesses, such as MFI, then during the 1990s, sold off its acquisitions to concentrate on the supermarkets.", "Asda __knowledge__ It became a subsidiary of the American retail corporate giant Walmart after a £6.7 billion takeover in July 1999, and was the second-largest supermarket chain in Britain between 2003 and 2014 by market share, and is currently third behind Tesco and Sainsbury's.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw Companies Limited is a Canadian food retailer that encompasses 1,000 corporate and franchise supermarkets that operates under 22 regional and market segment banners.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw's operates a private label program that includes grocery and household items, clothing, baby products, pharmaceuticals, cellular phones, general merchandise, and financial services.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw brands include President's Choice, No Name, Joe Fresh, T&T, Exact, Seaquest, Azami, and Teddy's Choice.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Most of Loblaw's 136,000 full-time and part-time employees are members of the United Food and Commercial Workers, with the exception of workers at The Real Canadian Wholesale Club in Alberta who are members of the Christian Labour Association of Canada.", "George Weston Limited __knowledge__ George Weston Limited, often referred to as Weston or Weston's, is a Canadian food processing and distribution company.", "George Weston Limited __knowledge__ Founded by George Weston in 1882, the company today consists of Weston Foods, a wholly owned subsidiary, and Loblaw Companies Limited, the country's largest supermarket retailer, in which it maintains controlling interest.", "George Weston Limited __knowledge__ Retail brands include President's Choice, No Name, and Joe Fresh, in addition to bakery brands Wonder, Country Harvest, D'Italiano, WeightWatchers, Ready Bake, Moulin Rouge and Gadoua.", "George Weston Limited __knowledge__ The company is controlled by the Weston family, which owns a majority share in George Weston Limited.", "Sainsbury's __knowledge__ J Sainsbury plc, trading as Sainsbury's, is the second largest chain of supermarkets in the United Kingdom, with a 16.9% share of the supermarket sector in the United Kingdom.", "Sainsbury's __knowledge__ Founded in 1869, by John James Sainsbury with a shop in Drury Lane, London, the company became the largest grocery retailer in 1922, was an early adopter of self-service retailing in the United Kingdom, and had its heyday during the 1980s.", "Sainsbury's __knowledge__ In 1995, Tesco overtook Sainsbury's to become the market leader, and Asda became the second largest in 2003, demoting Sainsbury's to third place for most of the subsequent period until January 2014, when Sainsbury's regained second place.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ A convenience store is a small retail business that stocks a range of everyday items such as groceries, snack foods, confectionery, soft drinks, tobacco products, over-the-counter drugs, toiletries, newspapers, and magazines.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ In some jurisdictions, corner stores are licensed to sell alcohol, typically beer and wine.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ Such stores may also offer money order and wire transfer services.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ They differ from general stores and village shops in that they are not in a rural location and are used as a convenient supplement to larger stores.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ A convenience store may be part of a gas/petrol station, so customers can purchase goods conveniently while filling their vehicle with fuel." ] ]

[ 2, 8, 7, 11, 10 ]

[ "Oh pizza is wonderful! I love adding meats vegetabls and a ton of cheese on mine!!", "I am so happy there are a ton of restaurants and cafes that offer pizza!", "It totally makes sense though since it is one of the most popular foods in the world!", "I like buying it fresh and even frozen from the supermarket and baking it at home", "I know! I really wish the pizza delivery places were higher quality" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Linebacker\nHi, I am a linebacker in football! ", "That is correct! It is a tough job as I have to defend the football from the other team.", "Yes! It is pretty hard due to the fact I get tackled a lot. I try my best though! ", "I do quite a bit when we are losing the game. A blitz is a good idea to hopefully catch up in points!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Another key play of the linebacker position is blitzing.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A blitz occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ When a blitz is called by the defense, it is mainly to sack or hurry the opposing offense's quarterback.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense, due to their versatility in providing hard hits on running plays or an additional layer of pass protection, when required.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Similar to the \"free safety\" position, linebackers are required to use their judgment on every snap, to determine their role during that particular play.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "K. J. Wright __knowledge__ Kenneth Bernard Wright, Jr. (born July 23, 1989) is an American football linebacker for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL).", "K. J. Wright __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2011 NFL Draft.", "K. J. Wright __knowledge__ He played college football at Mississippi State.", "K. J. Wright __knowledge__ Wright attended Olive Branch High School in Olive Branch, Mississippi, where he was a three-sport athlete in football, basketball and track.", "K. J. Wright __knowledge__ He was named first-team, all-state on the defensive line by \"The Clarion-Ledger\".", "K. J. Wright __knowledge__ He recorded 91 total tackles during his senior season in which 48 of them were solo tackles.", "K. J. Wright __knowledge__ He was listed as the number 19 prospect in Mississippi following his senior season according to Rivals.com.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ The 2015 Denver Broncos season was the franchise's 46th season in the National Football League and the 56th overall.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ It was also the fourth season with Peyton Manning as the team's starting quarterback, as well as the final season of Manning's 18-year NFL career.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ After losing in the Divisional round of the playoffs during three of the previous four seasons, the Broncos underwent numerous coaching changes, including a mutual parting with head coach John Fox, and the hiring of Gary Kubiak as the new head coach.", "2015 Denver Broncos season __knowledge__ Under Kubiak and offensive coordinator Rick Dennison, the Broncos planned to install a run-oriented West coast offense with zone blocking to blend in with Manning's shotgun passing style, but struggled with numerous changes and injuries to the offensive line.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Another key play of the linebacker position is blitzing.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A blitz occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ When a blitz is called by the defense, it is mainly to sack or hurry the opposing offense's quarterback.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense, due to their versatility in providing hard hits on running plays or an additional layer of pass protection, when required.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Similar to the \"free safety\" position, linebackers are required to use their judgment on every snap, to determine their role during that particular play.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The Lithuania men's national basketball team (Lithuanian: \"Lietuvos nacionalinė vyrų krepšinio rinktinė\") participates in FIBA's competitions.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Despite Lithuania's small size, with a population of just almost 2.9 million, the country's devotion to basketball has made them a traditional force of the sport in Europe.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The Lithuanian team won the last EuroBasket tournaments prior to World War II, in 1937 and 1939.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The 1939 team was led by Frank Lubin, who helped popularize basketball in the country and was called the \"grandfather of Lithuanian basketball\".", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Following the country's annexation by the Soviet Union during the war, Lithuanian players frequently formed the core of the Soviet national team.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in the British series of children's books, \"Horrid Henry\", written by Francesca Simon.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ It also includes names from the CITV TV series of the same name.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ Aerobic Al is an extremely athletic boy, who is often displayed engaging in various athletic endavours.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He has blonde hair and is shown to be one of Henry's close friends.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He is often seen with Ralph and Bert.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He loves Fuzzy Gumball Sweets as shown in Horrid Henry's Sports Day.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ He wears a white shirt with blue collars and shorts, and teal keds.", "List of Horrid Henry characters __knowledge__ In the TV series, he speaks with a Birmingham accent and is voiced by Wayne Forester.", "Tough Mudder __knowledge__ Tough Mudder is an endurance event series in which participants attempt 10–12 mile-long (16–19 km) obstacle courses that test mental as well as physical strength.", "Tough Mudder __knowledge__ It was co-founded by Will Dean, a former British counter terrorism officer, and Guy Livingstone, a former corporate lawyer.", "Tough Mudder __knowledge__ The obstacles often play on common human fears, such as fire, water, electricity and heights.", "Tough Mudder __knowledge__ The main principle of the Tough Mudder revolves around teamwork.", "Tough Mudder __knowledge__ The Tough Mudder organization values camaraderie throughout the course, designing obstacles that encourage group participation.", "Tough Mudder __knowledge__ Participants must commit to helping others complete the course, putting teammates before themselves, and overcoming fears.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ The history of Poles in the United States dates to the American Colonial era.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Poles have lived in present-day United States territories for over 400 years—since 1608.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ There are 10 million Americans of Polish descent in the U.S. today, making it the largest diaspora of Poles in the world.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Polish Americans have always been the largest group of Slavic origin in the United States.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Historians divide Polish American immigration into three \"waves\", the largest from 1870 to 1914, a second after World War II, and a third after Poland's independence in 1989.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Most Polish Americans are descended from the first wave, when millions of Poles fled Polish districts of Germany, Russia, and Austria.", "EastEnders __knowledge__ EastEnders is a British soap opera created by Julia Smith and Tony Holland which has been broadcast on BBC One since 1985.", "EastEnders __knowledge__ Set in Albert Square in the East End of London in the fictional Borough of Walford, the programme follows the stories of local residents and their families as they go about their daily lives.", "EastEnders __knowledge__ Initially there were two 30-minute episodes per week but since 2001 episodes have been broadcast every weekday apart from Wednesdays.", "EastEnders __knowledge__ Within eight months of the show's launch, it reached the number-one spot in BARB's TV ratings and has consistently remained among the top-rated TV programmes in Britain.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ Grindhouse is a 2007 American horror film double feature co-written, produced, and directed by Robert Rodriguez and Quentin Tarantino.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ The double feature consists of two feature-length segments, Rodriguez's \"Planet Terror\" and Tarantino's \"Death Proof\", and is bookended by fictional trailers for upcoming attractions (though two of the trailers, \"Machete\" and \"Hobo with a Shotgun\", have since been made into movies), advertisements, and in-theater announcements.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ The film's title derives from the U.S. film industry term \"grindhouse\", which refers to (now mostly defunct) movie theaters specializing in B movies, often exploitation films, shown in a multiple-feature format.", "McHale's Navy __knowledge__ McHale's Navy is an American sitcom starring Ernest Borgnine that aired 138 half-hour episodes over four seasons, from October 11, 1962, to April 12, 1966, on the ABC television network.", "McHale's Navy __knowledge__ The series was filmed in black and white and originated from an hour drama entitled Seven Against the Sea, broadcast on April 3, 1962.", "McHale's Navy __knowledge__ The ABC series spawned three feature films: \"McHale's Navy\" (1964), a sequel \"McHale's Navy Joins the Air Force\" (1965), and a much later 1997 sequel-remake of the original series.", "McHale's Navy __knowledge__ Academy Award-winning dramatic actor Ernest Borgnine first appeared as Quinton McHale in a one-shot drama called \"Seven Against the Sea\", which aired as an episode of \"Alcoa Premiere\" in 1962, an ABC dramatic anthology also known as \"Fred Astaire's Premiere Theatre\" and hosted by Fred Astaire, who introduced television audiences to the Quinton McHale character.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ American and Canadian football are gridiron codes of football that are very similar.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ Both have their origins in rugby football.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ There are, however, some key differences.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ Football was introduced to North America in Canada by the British Army garrison in Montreal, which played a series of games with McGill University.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ In 1874, the U.S. Harvard University hosted Canada's McGill University to play the new game derived from rugby football in a home-and-home series.", "Comparison of American and Canadian football __knowledge__ When the Canadians arrived several days early, to take advantage of the trip to see Boston and the surrounding areas, they held daily practices.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Kobe Bean Bryant (born August 23, 1978) is an American retired professional basketball player and businessman.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He played his entire 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He entered the NBA directly from high school and won five NBA championships with the Lakers.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Bryant is an 18-time All-Star, 15-time member of the All-NBA Team, and 12-time member of the All-Defensive team.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He led the NBA in scoring during two seasons, and ranks third on the league's all-time regular season scoring and fourth on the all-time postseason scoring list.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He holds the NBA record for the most seasons playing with one franchise for an entire career and is widely regarded as one of the greatest basketball players of all time.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules of baseball differ slightly from league to league, but in general share the same basic game play.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ There are several major rules, which differ only slightly.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The \"Official Baseball Rules\" govern all professional play in the United States and Canada, including the World Baseball Classic.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The complete rules are published as the Official Baseball Rules at MLB.com, the official web site of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules are also published in book form in North America by the \"Sporting News\".", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ Many amateur and youth leagues use the \"OBR\" with only a few modifications for safety.", "Arwind Santos __knowledge__ Arwind A. Santos (born June 10, 1981) is a Filipino professional basketball player who currently plays for the San Miguel Beermen in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).", "Arwind Santos __knowledge__ Born in Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines, Santos played for Lubao Institute during his high school career and won the West Central Zone Championship.", "Arwind Santos __knowledge__ In 2000, he became well known during zonal competitions because of his hardwork on the basketball court.", "Arwind Santos __knowledge__ He was then included in the line up of RQP (Rodolfo Q. Pineda) Team, a local ball club in Lubao under the supervision of Dennis 'Delta' Pineda, who is also a supporter of San Sebastian College-Recoletos Stags and the one responsible for landing the Pinatubo Trio composed of Calvin Abueva, Ronald Pascual and Ian Sangalang in the NCAA.", "Rugby league gameplay __knowledge__ Like most forms of modern football, rugby league football is played outdoors on a rectangular grass field with goals at each end that are to be attacked and defended by two opposing teams.", "Rugby league gameplay __knowledge__ The rules of rugby league have changed significantly over the decades since rugby football split into the league and union codes.", "Rugby league gameplay __knowledge__ This article details the modern form of the game and how it is generally played today, however rules do vary slightly between specific competitions.", "Rugby league gameplay __knowledge__ A game of rugby league consists of two forty-minute halves, played by two teams on a rectangular grass field of 120 metres in length and 58–68 metres in width depending on the individual ground.", "NBA All-Defensive Team __knowledge__ The NBA All-Defensive Team is an annual National Basketball Association (NBA) honor given since the 1968–69 NBA season to the best defensive players during the regular season.", "NBA All-Defensive Team __knowledge__ The All-Defensive Team is generally composed of two five-man lineups, a first and a second team, comprising a total of 10 roster spots.", "NBA All-Defensive Team __knowledge__ Voting is conducted by a panel of 123 writers and broadcasters.", "NBA All-Defensive Team __knowledge__ Prior to the 2013–14 NBA season, voting was performed by the NBA head coaches, who were restricted from voting for players on their own team.", "NBA All-Defensive Team __knowledge__ The players each receive two points for each first team vote and one point for each second team vote.", "Dennis Rodman __knowledge__ Dennis Keith Rodman (born May 13, 1961) is an American retired professional basketball player, who played for the Detroit Pistons, San Antonio Spurs, Chicago Bulls, Los Angeles Lakers, and Dallas Mavericks in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Dennis Rodman __knowledge__ He was nicknamed \"The Worm\" and was known for his fierce defensive and rebounding abilities.", "Dennis Rodman __knowledge__ Rodman played at the small forward position in his early years before becoming a power forward.", "Dennis Rodman __knowledge__ He earned NBA All-Defensive First Team honors seven times and won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award twice.", "Dennis Rodman __knowledge__ He also led the NBA in rebounds per game for a record seven consecutive years and won five NBA championships." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Another key play of the linebacker position is blitzing.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A blitz occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ When a blitz is called by the defense, it is mainly to sack or hurry the opposing offense's quarterback.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense, due to their versatility in providing hard hits on running plays or an additional layer of pass protection, when required.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Similar to the \"free safety\" position, linebackers are required to use their judgment on every snap, to determine their role during that particular play.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ Bodacious #J-31 (1988—May 16, 2000) was a bucking bull who was known throughout the rodeo sport of bull riding as \"the world's most dangerous bull.\"", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ He was also known as \"the greatest bull ever to buck.\"", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ In 1999, Bodacious was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame, and in 2017 into the Bull Riding Hall of Fame.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ During his rodeo career he was the 1995 Professional Bull Riders (PBR) World Champion Bull plus the 1994 and 1995 Professional Rodeo Cowboy Association (PRCA) Bucking Bull of the Year.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ He and Bruiser are the only bulls who have won both titles.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ Bodacious won his titles in 1995, and Bruiser won his in 2017.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ This article contains detailed descriptions of characters of the teen sci-fi TV show \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Like many other soaps the series had a large number of characters that increased as the series progressed.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Most of the main characters were members of the Mall Rats at one point or another.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice, played by Vanessa Stacey, is a member of the Mall Rats on the television series \"The Tribe\".", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She originally was the leader of the Farm Girls.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She appears in episodes 132, 203 - 352, 547 - 548, 551.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ Alice is fun loving and can be rowdy, but deep down she is kind and sensitive and has wisdom.", "List of The Tribe characters __knowledge__ She is angry at injustice and has a hot temper.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "Andre Smith (offensive tackle) __knowledge__ Andre Dewayne Smith Jr. (born January 25, 1987) is an American football offensive tackle for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL).", "Andre Smith (offensive tackle) __knowledge__ He played college football for the University of Alabama, and was recognized as a unanimous All-American.", "Andre Smith (offensive tackle) __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Bengals in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft.", "Andre Smith (offensive tackle) __knowledge__ Smith has also played for the Minnesota Vikings.", "Andre Smith (offensive tackle) __knowledge__ Smith was born in Birmingham, Alabama.", "Andre Smith (offensive tackle) __knowledge__ He attended Huffman High School in Birmingham, where he played football and competed in track.", "Andre Smith (offensive tackle) __knowledge__ In football, he was a three-year starter, a two-time All-State selection, and Class 6A Lineman of the Year in 2005.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ The following is a list of common and historically significant formations in American football.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ In football, the formation describes how the players in a team are positioned on the field.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ Many variations are possible on both sides of the ball, depending on the strategy being employed.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ On offense, the formation must include at least seven players on the line of scrimmage and a center to start the play by snapping the ball.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ There are no restrictions on the arrangement of defensive players.", "List of formations in American football __knowledge__ This list is not exhaustive; there are hundreds of different ways to organize a team's players while still remaining within the \"7 on the line 4 in the backfield\" convention.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The 2016 Chicago Bears season was the franchise's 97th season in the National Football League and the second under head coach John Fox.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears looked to improve upon their 6–10 record from 2015; however, they suffered a second consecutive 0–3 start and were plagued by injuries with an NFL-high 19 players on the injured reserve list by the end of the season.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ Multiple injuries to quarterback Jay Cutler resulted in backups Brian Hoyer and Matt Barkley playing much of the season.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ They finished with a 3–13 record, the worst record for the team since the NFL's move to 16-game seasons in 1978.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears also went 0–8 on the road for the first time in franchise history.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A linebacker (LB or backer) is a playing position in American football and Canadian football.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are members of the defensive team, and line up approximately three to five yards (4 m) behind the line of scrimmage, behind the defensive linemen, and therefore \"back up the line.\"", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers generally align themselves before the ball is snapped by standing upright in a \"two-point stance\" (as opposed to the defensive linemen, who put one or two hands on the ground for a \"three-point stance\" or \"four-point stance\" before the ball is snapped).", "Linebacker __knowledge__ The goal of the linebacker is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection based on the particular defensive play being executed.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Another key play of the linebacker position is blitzing.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ A blitz occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ When a blitz is called by the defense, it is mainly to sack or hurry the opposing offense's quarterback.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense, due to their versatility in providing hard hits on running plays or an additional layer of pass protection, when required.", "Linebacker __knowledge__ Similar to the \"free safety\" position, linebackers are required to use their judgment on every snap, to determine their role during that particular play.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen (; born 30 November 1990) is a Norwegian chess grandmaster and the current World Chess Champion.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ A chess prodigy, Carlsen earned his grandmaster title at the age of 13 years and 148 days.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ He surpassed an Elo rating of 2800 in 2009 and reached No.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ 1 in the FIDE rankings in 2010, becoming the youngest person ever to achieve those feats.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Carlsen became World Champion in 2013 by defeating Viswanathan Anand.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ In the subsequent year, he retained his title against Anand, won both the 2014 World Rapid Championship and World Blitz Championship, thus becoming the first player to simultaneously hold all three titles, and reached a peak rating of 2882, the highest in history.", "2015 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The 2015 Chicago Bears season was the franchise's 96th season in the National Football League.", "2015 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ After the firing of general manager Phil Emery and head coach Marc Trestman following the 2014 season, the team hired former New Orleans Saints director of player personnel Ryan Pace and Denver Broncos head coach John Fox to fill those positions, respectively.", "2015 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ Fox's hiring marked the Bears' third head coach in four seasons.", "2015 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears entered the 2015 season with hopes of improving their 5–11 record in 2014.", "2015 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The team started the regular season on a poor note, losing their first three games.", "2015 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ In the following eight games, the team went 5–3, including a Thanksgiving win over the rival Green Bay Packers.", "2017 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The 2017 Chicago Bears season was the franchise's 98th season in the National Football League and the third and final under head coach John Fox.", "2017 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears improved upon the previous year's 3–13 record, finishing 5–11, but failed to make the playoffs and suffered their fourth consecutive losing season.", "2017 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ This was their first season since 2008 without Jay Cutler as their starting quarterback, ending an eight-year era.", "2017 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ Instead, the Bears picked up former Tampa Bay Buccaneers quarterback Mike Glennon in free agency and traded up to the number two overall pick in the draft for Mitchell Trubisky.", "2017 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ Glennon started the first four games of the season, but was benched for Trubisky after a 1–3 start.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The following is a description of the various and alternating rules of gridiron football.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Numerous leagues or organizations tend to send a laundry list of rules in order to better distinguish themselves from their counterparts.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ American football is played on a field .", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The longer boundary lines are \"sidelines\", while the shorter boundary lines are \"end lines\".", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Sidelines and end lines are out of bounds.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Near each end of the field is a \"goal line\"; they are apart.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ A scoring area called an \"end zone\" extends beyond each goal line to each end line.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The end zone includes the goal line but not the end line.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ Wayne Douglas Gretzky (; born January 26, 1961) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and former head coach.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ He played twenty seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for four teams from 1979 to 1999.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Great One\", he has been called \"the greatest hockey player ever\" by many sportswriters, players, and the league itself.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ Gretzky is the leading scorer in NHL history, with more goals and assists than any other player.", "Wayne Gretzky __knowledge__ He garnered more assists than any other player scored total points, and is the only NHL player to total over 200 points in one season – a feat he accomplished four times.", "Hou Yifan __knowledge__ Hou Yifan ( ) (born 27 February 1994, Xinghua, Jiangsu, China) is a Chinese chess grandmaster and former chess prodigy.", "Hou Yifan __knowledge__ She has been the Women's World Chess Champion three times, the youngest ever to win the title, as well as the youngest female player ever to qualify for the title of Grandmaster.", "Hou Yifan __knowledge__ At the age of 12, Hou became the youngest player ever to participate in the FIDE Women's World Championship (Yekaterinburg 2006) and the Chess Olympiad (Torino 2006).", "Hou Yifan __knowledge__ In June 2007, she became China's youngest National Women's Champion ever.", "Hou Yifan __knowledge__ She achieved the titles of Woman FIDE Master in January 2004, Woman Grandmaster in January 2007, and Grandmaster in August 2008.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ In American football, the 3–4 defense is a common defensive alignment consisting of three down linemen and four linebackers.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ It is a called a \"base defense\" because it is the default defensive alignment used on \"base downs\" (1st and 2nd downs).", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ However, defenses will readily switch to other defensive alignments (such as a dime) as circumstances change.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ Alternately some defenses use a 4-3.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ The 3–4 defense incorporates three defensive linemen – two defensive ends and one nose tackle, who line up opposite the other team's offensive line.", "3–4 defense __knowledge__ Those three players are responsible for engaging the other team's offensive line, allowing the four linebackers to either rush the quarterback or drop back into coverage, depending on the situation.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The 2016 Chicago Bears season was the franchise's 97th season in the National Football League and the second under head coach John Fox.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears looked to improve upon their 6–10 record from 2015; however, they suffered a second consecutive 0–3 start and were plagued by injuries with an NFL-high 19 players on the injured reserve list by the end of the season.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ Multiple injuries to quarterback Jay Cutler resulted in backups Brian Hoyer and Matt Barkley playing much of the season.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ They finished with a 3–13 record, the worst record for the team since the NFL's move to 16-game seasons in 1978.", "2016 Chicago Bears season __knowledge__ The Bears also went 0–8 on the road for the first time in franchise history.", "Clay Matthews III __knowledge__ William Clay Matthews III (born May 14, 1986) is an American football outside linebacker for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL).", "Clay Matthews III __knowledge__ After attending Agoura High School in Agoura Hills, California, Matthews was a walk-on student athlete at the University of Southern California for the USC Trojans football team under head coach Pete Carroll.", "Clay Matthews III __knowledge__ At USC, Matthews was a standout special teams player, winning three consecutive Special Teams Player of the Year awards from 2006 to 2008; he also played reserve outside linebacker.", "Clay Matthews III __knowledge__ In these roles, he was part of three Pac-10 Championship teams.", "2015–16 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The National Football League playoffs for the 2015 season began on January 9, 2016.", "2015–16 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ The postseason tournament concluded with Super Bowl 50, on February 7, when the Denver Broncos defeated the Carolina Panthers at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California.", "2015–16 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ For this year only, the Super Bowl decided not to use a Roman numeral (\"L\") and instead used the standard numeral \"50\".", "2015–16 NFL playoffs __knowledge__ According to Jaime Weston, the league's vice president of brand and creative, the primary reason was that the league's graphic designers had difficulty designing a suitable, aesthetically pleasing logo with only the Roman numeral \"L\".", "DeMarcus Ware __knowledge__ DeMarcus Omar Ware (born July 31, 1982) is a former American football outside linebacker and defensive end.", "DeMarcus Ware __knowledge__ He played college football at Troy and was drafted by the Dallas Cowboys with the 11th overall pick in the first round of the 2005 NFL Draft.", "DeMarcus Ware __knowledge__ After spending nine seasons with the Cowboys, Ware departed in 2013 as the franchise's all-time leader in quarterback sacks with 117.", "DeMarcus Ware __knowledge__ Ware then played three seasons for the Denver Broncos, with whom he won Super Bowl 50.", "DeMarcus Ware __knowledge__ After the 2016 season with the Broncos, he announced his retirement from the NFL.", "DeMarcus Ware __knowledge__ In 2017, he signed a one-day contract with Dallas to retire as a Cowboy." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 6, 8 ]

[ "Really? So you are a member of the defensive team?", "So your goal is to provide either extra run protection or extra pass protection for you team, right? Must be hard work. ", "Do you blitz a lot? Which occurs when a linebacker acts as an extra pass rusher running into any exposed gap.", "I agree, thats why Linebackers are often regarded as the most important position in defense!" ]

[ "Linebacker", "Linebacker", "Linebacker", "Linebacker" ]

[ "Inline skates\nI am in the market for a new pair of inline skates. I like the models with the heel brake.", "The professionals can drag the inline skate sideways to slow down. I tried that and ended up on my posterior, lol.", "I actually never learned how to roller skate. I got a pair of inline skates as a gift when I was younger and have done it ever since.", "That is interesting. It took a couple weeks for me to pick it up. I made extensive use of my elbow and knee pads, haha.", "Most roller rinks have classes for beginners. My kids love roller skating. They have gotten pretty good." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is a multi-disciplinary sport practiced widely internationally.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skates typically have 2 to 5 polyurethane wheels, arranged in a single line by a metal or plastic frame on the underside of a boot.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ The in-line design allows for greater speed than roller skates and better manoeuvrability.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Following this basic design principle, inline skates can be modified to varying degrees to accommodate niche disciplines.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is also known as \"roller blading\" due to the popular brand of inline skates, Rollerblade.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ A term used to refer to inline skates on a vert ramp, a half pipe with some vertical in it usually between 6in to 24in.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Roller hockey is a form of hockey played on a dry surface using wheeled skates.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Most professional-inline hockey games take place on an indoor or outdoor sport court (a type of plastic interlinking tiles used to create a skating surface).", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Otherwise, any dry surface can be used to host a game, typically a roller rink, macadam, or cement.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ The term \"Roller Hockey\" is often used interchangeably to refer to three variant forms chiefly differentiated by the equipment used.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ There is traditional \"Roller hockey\" (Quad hockey, Rink hockey), played with quad skates and a ball (without contact), \"Inline hockey\", played with inline skates and puck (without contact) and \"Skater hockey\", played with quad skates or inline skates and plastic ball (with contact like ice hockey).", "Ice skate __knowledge__ Ice skates are boots with blades attached to the bottom, used to propel the bearer across a sheet of ice while ice skating.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ The first ice skates were made from leg bones of horse, ox or deer, and were attached to feet with leather straps.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ These skates required a pole with a sharp metal spike that was used for pushing the skater forward, unlike modern bladed skates.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ Modern skates come in many different varieties, which are chosen depending on the nature of the requirements needed for the skating activity.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ They are worn recreationally in ice rinks or on frozen bodies of water across the globe and are used as footwear in many sports, including figure skating, ice hockey, bandy, speed skating and tour skating.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Artistic roller skating is a sport similar to figure skating but where competitors wear roller skates instead of ice skates.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Within artistic roller skating, there are several disciplines: Artistic roller skaters use either quad or inline skates, though quad skates are more traditional and significantly more common.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Generally quad and inline skaters compete in separate events and not against each other.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Inline figure skating has been included in the world championships since 2002 in Wuppertal, Germany.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ The sport looks very similar to its counterpart on ice, and although there are some differences, many ice skaters started in roller skating or vice versa." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive inline skating is a form of inline skating executed on specially designed inline skates with focus on grinding and spins.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Participants refer to the activity as rollerblading, \"blading,\" \"skating,\" or \"rolling.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive skating can take place on found street obstacles or at skateparks.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Street skating primarily consists of performing grinds on ledges and rails, as well as jumping tall heights known as \"gaps.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Park skating recreates these obstacles with the additions of bowls and ramps on which \"vert\" skating can be performed.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Since 1994, the sport has been chronicled in various skating films and \"edits.\"", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ Inline speed skating is the roller sport of racing on inline skates, or as they are commonly called, rollerblades.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ It is often called \"inline racing\" by participants.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ Although it primarily evolved from racing on traditional roller skates, the sport is similar enough to ice speed skating that many competitors are now known to switch between inline and ice speed skating according to the season.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ An inline speed skate is a specialized shoe version of the inline skate.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ The boot or shoe is close-fitting, without much padding and usually made of leather and carbon fiber and/or fiberglass composites.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ The lower part of the boot is usually made of carbon fiber and the upper part with leather.", "Three Rivers Inline Club __knowledge__ The Three Rivers Inline Club (TRIC) is a not-for-profit inline skating club in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Three Rivers Inline Club __knowledge__ The club was founded in 1994 by several members of the Pittsburgh Inline Skate Club (PISC).", "Three Rivers Inline Club __knowledge__ The purpose of the club is to promote the sport of inline roller skating and to offer social skates and non-skating events for members .", "Three Rivers Inline Club __knowledge__ TRIC operates the website skatepittsburgh.com as a comprehensive guide to inline skating in the greater Pittsburgh area.", "Three Rivers Inline Club __knowledge__ As well the website serves as a repository for photos and events sponsored by the club or that the club participates in.", "Three Rivers Inline Club __knowledge__ TRIC holds multiple skates every week each targeted at different levels of skaters.", "Dual Box __knowledge__ Dual Box or DualBox is the trademark name for the patented tubular sidewall inline skating frame, which employs the mechanical properties of the tubular to optimize the performance of a frame or chassis that secures the wheels on an inline skate (a critical component of high performance skates).", "Dual Box __knowledge__ Designed in 1999 by Dutch Design Engineer Diederik Hol at Mogema, the Dual Box design was devised to optimize the elastic properties of inline skate frames (which the skater interprets as stiffness and feel, and contribute greatly to ride quality and power transmission) via the properties of the tubular sidewalls to enhance rigidity.", "Double push __knowledge__ Double push is an inline speed skating technique.", "Double push __knowledge__ Its major advantage over the previously practised \"classic\" technique is that it allows the skater to do useful work during the part of the stride that was \"wasted\", and therefore to go faster.", "Double push __knowledge__ Opinions differ on its usefulness for non-elite skaters as it requires much practice before a skater is faster using doublepush than without.", "Double push __knowledge__ It is uncertain who first invented the doublepush.", "Double push __knowledge__ Chad Hedrick is generally acknowledged as having brought it to the public eye.", "Double push __knowledge__ Prior to Chad's arrival on the scene circa 1992, inline speed skaters used the classic speed skating technique derived from ice speed skating.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Roller hockey is a form of hockey played on a dry surface using wheeled skates.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Most professional-inline hockey games take place on an indoor or outdoor sport court (a type of plastic interlinking tiles used to create a skating surface).", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Otherwise, any dry surface can be used to host a game, typically a roller rink, macadam, or cement.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ The term \"Roller Hockey\" is often used interchangeably to refer to three variant forms chiefly differentiated by the equipment used.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ There is traditional \"Roller hockey\" (Quad hockey, Rink hockey), played with quad skates and a ball (without contact), \"Inline hockey\", played with inline skates and puck (without contact) and \"Skater hockey\", played with quad skates or inline skates and plastic ball (with contact like ice hockey).", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is a multi-disciplinary sport practiced widely internationally.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skates typically have 2 to 5 polyurethane wheels, arranged in a single line by a metal or plastic frame on the underside of a boot.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ The in-line design allows for greater speed than roller skates and better manoeuvrability.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Following this basic design principle, inline skates can be modified to varying degrees to accommodate niche disciplines.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is also known as \"roller blading\" due to the popular brand of inline skates, Rollerblade.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ A term used to refer to inline skates on a vert ramp, a half pipe with some vertical in it usually between 6in to 24in.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ Ice skates are boots with blades attached to the bottom, used to propel the bearer across a sheet of ice while ice skating.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ The first ice skates were made from leg bones of horse, ox or deer, and were attached to feet with leather straps.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ These skates required a pole with a sharp metal spike that was used for pushing the skater forward, unlike modern bladed skates.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ Modern skates come in many different varieties, which are chosen depending on the nature of the requirements needed for the skating activity.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ They are worn recreationally in ice rinks or on frozen bodies of water across the globe and are used as footwear in many sports, including figure skating, ice hockey, bandy, speed skating and tour skating." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Artistic roller skating is a sport similar to figure skating but where competitors wear roller skates instead of ice skates.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Within artistic roller skating, there are several disciplines: Artistic roller skaters use either quad or inline skates, though quad skates are more traditional and significantly more common.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Generally quad and inline skaters compete in separate events and not against each other.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Inline figure skating has been included in the world championships since 2002 in Wuppertal, Germany.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ The sport looks very similar to its counterpart on ice, and although there are some differences, many ice skaters started in roller skating or vice versa.", "Roller derby __knowledge__ Roller derby is a contact sport played by two teams of five members roller skating in the same direction (counter-clockwise) around a track.", "Roller derby __knowledge__ Game play consists of a series of short match ups (jams) in which both teams designate a jammer who scores points by lapping members of the opposing team.", "Roller derby __knowledge__ The teams attempt to hinder the opposing jammer while assisting their own jammer—in effect, playing both offense and defense simultaneously.", "Roller derby __knowledge__ Roller derby is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, nearly half of them outside the United States.", "Roller derby __knowledge__ While the sport has its origins in the banked-track roller skating marathons of the 1930s, Leo Seltzer and Damon Runyon are credited with the basic evolution of the sport to its initial competitive form.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Roller hockey is a form of hockey played on a dry surface using wheeled skates.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Most professional-inline hockey games take place on an indoor or outdoor sport court (a type of plastic interlinking tiles used to create a skating surface).", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Otherwise, any dry surface can be used to host a game, typically a roller rink, macadam, or cement.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ The term \"Roller Hockey\" is often used interchangeably to refer to three variant forms chiefly differentiated by the equipment used.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ There is traditional \"Roller hockey\" (Quad hockey, Rink hockey), played with quad skates and a ball (without contact), \"Inline hockey\", played with inline skates and puck (without contact) and \"Skater hockey\", played with quad skates or inline skates and plastic ball (with contact like ice hockey).", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ Inline speed skating is the roller sport of racing on inline skates, or as they are commonly called, rollerblades.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ It is often called \"inline racing\" by participants.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ Although it primarily evolved from racing on traditional roller skates, the sport is similar enough to ice speed skating that many competitors are now known to switch between inline and ice speed skating according to the season.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ An inline speed skate is a specialized shoe version of the inline skate.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ The boot or shoe is close-fitting, without much padding and usually made of leather and carbon fiber and/or fiberglass composites.", "Inline speed skating __knowledge__ The lower part of the boot is usually made of carbon fiber and the upper part with leather.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive inline skating is a form of inline skating executed on specially designed inline skates with focus on grinding and spins.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Participants refer to the activity as rollerblading, \"blading,\" \"skating,\" or \"rolling.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive skating can take place on found street obstacles or at skateparks.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Street skating primarily consists of performing grinds on ledges and rails, as well as jumping tall heights known as \"gaps.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Park skating recreates these obstacles with the additions of bowls and ramps on which \"vert\" skating can be performed.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Since 1994, the sport has been chronicled in various skating films and \"edits.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Protective equipment in gridiron football (\"football gear\") consists of equipment worn by football players for the protection of the body during the course of a football game.", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Basic equipment worn by most football players include helmet, shoulder pads, gloves, shoes, and thigh and knee pads, and a jockstrap or compression shorts with or without a protective cup.", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Neck rolls, elbow pads, mouth guards, hip pads, tailbone pads, rib pads, and other equipment may be worn in addition to the aforementioned basics.", "Protective equipment in gridiron football __knowledge__ Football protective equipment is made of synthetic materials: foam rubbers, elastics, and durable, shock-resistant, molded plastic.", "Knee pad __knowledge__ Knee pads or kneepads are protective gear worn on knees to protect them against impact injury from falling to the ground or hitting an obstacle, or to provide padding for extended kneeling.", "Knee pad __knowledge__ Knee pads are worn in many recreational and sporting activities such as cycling, rollerskating, skateboarding, cricket, volleyball, handball, basketball, American football, polo, dancing, etc.", "Knee pad __knowledge__ In polo, knee pads serve primarily to protect the rider's knee when \"riding off\" an opponent.", "Knee pad __knowledge__ Knee pads are also used in various trades such as for the home handyman, for the police SWAT teams, and they are also incorporated into military uniforms such as the Army Combat Uniform and the Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The Legends Football League (LFL) is a women's 7-on-7 tackle American football league, with games played in the spring and summer at NBA, NFL, NHL and MLS arenas and stadiums.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The league was founded in 2009 as the Lingerie Football League and was rebranded as the Legends Football League in 2013.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The league's administrative offices are located in Los Angeles.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The concept of the LFL originated from an alternative Super Bowl halftime television special called the Lingerie Bowl, a pay-per-view event broadcast opposite the Super Bowl halftime show.", "Legends Football League __knowledge__ The first three Lingerie Bowls were held annually from 2004 to 2006 and were billed as Lingerie Bowls I, II, and III.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ In many team sports which involve scoring goals, the goalkeeper (termed goaltender, netminder, goalie or keeper in some sports) is a designated player charged with directly preventing the opposing team from scoring by intercepting shots at goal.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ Such positions exist in hurling, association football, Gaelic football, international rules football, handball, field hockey, ice hockey, water polo, bandy, rink bandy, lacrosse, floorball and other sports.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ Usually special rules apply to the goalkeeper that do not apply to other players.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ These rules are often instituted to protect the goalkeeper, being an obvious target for dangerous or even violent actions.", "Australian Stock Saddle __knowledge__ The Australian Stock Saddle is a saddle in popular use all over the world for activities that require long hours in the saddle and a secure seat.", "Australian Stock Saddle __knowledge__ The saddle is suitable for cattle work, starting young horses, everyday pleasure riding, trail riding, endurance riding, polocrosse and is also used in Australian campdrafting competitions and stockman challenges.", "Australian Stock Saddle __knowledge__ The traditional Australian stock saddle was designed for security and comfort in the saddle no matter how harsh the conditions.", "Australian Stock Saddle __knowledge__ While having stylistic roots from the English saddle in the design of the seat, panels, fenders, and stirrups, it has a much deeper seat, higher cantle, and knee pads in the front to create a very secure saddle for riders who ride in rough conditions or spend long hours on a horse.", "Army Combat Uniform __knowledge__ The Army Combat Uniform, also known as the Airman Combat Uniform (ACU) and its flame-retardant variant, the Flame-Resistant Army Combat Uniform (FRACU), are the current battle uniforms worn by the United States Army.", "Army Combat Uniform __knowledge__ The ACU is also worn by some units of the U.S. Air Force.", "Army Combat Uniform __knowledge__ First unveiled in June 2004, it is the successor to the Battle Dress Uniform (BDU) and Desert Camouflage Uniform (DCU) worn from the 1980s and 1990s through the early 2000s, respectively.", "Army Combat Uniform __knowledge__ The ACU and its component materials are manufactured by the existing industrial infrastructure which produced the now-obsolete BDU.", "Army Combat Uniform __knowledge__ Official military-grade ACUs are made of 50% nylon and 50% cotton.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ Ice skates are boots with blades attached to the bottom, used to propel the bearer across a sheet of ice while ice skating.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ The first ice skates were made from leg bones of horse, ox or deer, and were attached to feet with leather straps.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ These skates required a pole with a sharp metal spike that was used for pushing the skater forward, unlike modern bladed skates.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ Modern skates come in many different varieties, which are chosen depending on the nature of the requirements needed for the skating activity.", "Ice skate __knowledge__ They are worn recreationally in ice rinks or on frozen bodies of water across the globe and are used as footwear in many sports, including figure skating, ice hockey, bandy, speed skating and tour skating.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Roller hockey is a form of hockey played on a dry surface using wheeled skates.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Most professional-inline hockey games take place on an indoor or outdoor sport court (a type of plastic interlinking tiles used to create a skating surface).", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Otherwise, any dry surface can be used to host a game, typically a roller rink, macadam, or cement.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ The term \"Roller Hockey\" is often used interchangeably to refer to three variant forms chiefly differentiated by the equipment used.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ There is traditional \"Roller hockey\" (Quad hockey, Rink hockey), played with quad skates and a ball (without contact), \"Inline hockey\", played with inline skates and puck (without contact) and \"Skater hockey\", played with quad skates or inline skates and plastic ball (with contact like ice hockey).", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is a multi-disciplinary sport practiced widely internationally.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skates typically have 2 to 5 polyurethane wheels, arranged in a single line by a metal or plastic frame on the underside of a boot.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ The in-line design allows for greater speed than roller skates and better manoeuvrability.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Following this basic design principle, inline skates can be modified to varying degrees to accommodate niche disciplines.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is also known as \"roller blading\" due to the popular brand of inline skates, Rollerblade.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ A term used to refer to inline skates on a vert ramp, a half pipe with some vertical in it usually between 6in to 24in.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Artistic roller skating is a sport similar to figure skating but where competitors wear roller skates instead of ice skates.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Within artistic roller skating, there are several disciplines: Artistic roller skaters use either quad or inline skates, though quad skates are more traditional and significantly more common.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Generally quad and inline skaters compete in separate events and not against each other.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Inline figure skating has been included in the world championships since 2002 in Wuppertal, Germany.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ The sport looks very similar to its counterpart on ice, and although there are some differences, many ice skaters started in roller skating or vice versa." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates are a type of roller skate used for inline skating.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Unlike quad skates, which have two front and two rear wheels, inline skates typically have two to five wheels arranged in a single line.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Some, especially those for recreation, have a rubber \"stop\" or \"brake\" block attached to the rear of one or occasionally both of the skates so that the skater can slow down or stop by leaning back on the foot with the brake skate.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ The modern style of inline skates was developed as a substitute for ice skates, for use by a Russian athlete training on solid ground for Olympic long track speed skating events.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ \"Life\" magazine published a photo of American skater Eric Heiden, training for the 1980 Olympics, using such skates on a Wisconsin road.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Rollerblade, Inc., a company founded by Scott and Brennan Olson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, widely promoted inline skating through the registered trademark \"Rollerblade\".", "Inline skates __knowledge__ John Joseph Merlin experimented with single- to many-rowed devices worn on feet in 1760.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Inline skates, skates designed to work like ice skates during periods of warm weather, were invented by Louis Legrange of France in 1849.", "Inline skates __knowledge__ Legrange designed the skates for an opera where a character was to appear to be skating on ice.", "Roller rink __knowledge__ A roller rink is a hard surface usually consisting of Hardwood, Rollerboard or Concrete used for roller skating or inline skating.", "Roller rink __knowledge__ This includes roller hockey, speed skating, roller derby, and individual recreational skating.", "Roller rink __knowledge__ Roller rinks can be located in an indoor or outdoor facility.", "Roller rink __knowledge__ Most skating center facilities range anywhere from under 14,000 square feet to more than 21,000 square feet.", "Roller rink __knowledge__ Massachusetts businessman James Plimpton's 1863 invention of an improved roller skate led to a boom in popularity in the late 19th century, particularly in cities of the American East Coast.", "Roller rink __knowledge__ At first, people roller skated at home, but within twenty years businesses dedicated to the activity began to spring up.", "History of roller derby __knowledge__ The history of roller derby traces the evolution of roller skating races into a unique sport which underwent several boom-and-bust cycles throughout the 20th century.", "History of roller derby __knowledge__ Although it was a form of sports entertainment for much of its existence, a grassroots, early 21st century revival spearheaded by women has restored an emphasis on athleticism.", "History of roller derby __knowledge__ The growing popularity of roller skating in the United States led to the formation of organized endurance races as early as 1884, when skater Victor W. Clough skated 100 miles over the course of nearly ten hours in Geneseo, Illinois.", "History of roller derby __knowledge__ In 1885, a six-day \"go-as-you-please\" competition was staged at Madison Square Garden in New York City, with 36 skaters competing for $500 in prize money.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Roller skating is the traveling on surfaces with roller skates.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ It is a form of recreational activity as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ Skates generally come in three basic varieties: quad roller skates, inline skates or blades and tri-skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled \"quintessence skate\" or other variations on the basic skate design.", "Roller skating __knowledge__ In America, this hobby was most popular, first between 1935 and the early 1960s and then in the 1970s, when polyurethane wheels were created and disco music oriented roller rinks were the rage and then again in the 1990s when in-line outdoor roller skating, thanks to the improvement made to inline roller skates in 1981 by Scott Olson, took hold.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Artistic roller skating is a sport similar to figure skating but where competitors wear roller skates instead of ice skates.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Within artistic roller skating, there are several disciplines: Artistic roller skaters use either quad or inline skates, though quad skates are more traditional and significantly more common.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Generally quad and inline skaters compete in separate events and not against each other.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ Inline figure skating has been included in the world championships since 2002 in Wuppertal, Germany.", "Artistic roller skating __knowledge__ The sport looks very similar to its counterpart on ice, and although there are some differences, many ice skaters started in roller skating or vice versa.", "Gloria Nord __knowledge__ Gloria Nord (August 2, 1922 – December 30, 2009), born \"Gloria Nordskog,\" was an American roller skater, ice skater and pin-up girl who became known as \"Sonja Henie on wheels,\" and \"the Sonja Henie of the roller rinks.\"", "Gloria Nord __knowledge__ Nord was reportedly \"adored by millions in the 1940s and 1950s for her balletic finesse and theatrical flamboyance.\"", "Gloria Nord __knowledge__ Nord grew up in Santa Monica and Hollywood, California.", "Gloria Nord __knowledge__ Nord was the youngest of five children of Andre Nordskog, a noted concert singer.", "Gloria Nord __knowledge__ Nord studied dance and, at age 15, she was an established child entertainer.", "Gloria Nord __knowledge__ She attended Miss Long's Professional School, a school for stage kids in Hollywood.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ Roller skates are shoes, or bindings that fit onto shoes, that are worn to enable the wearer to roll along on wheels.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ The first roller skate was effectively an ice skate with wheels replacing the blade.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ Later the \"quad\" style of roller skate became more popular consisting of four wheels arranged in the same configuration as a typical car.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ While the first reported use of roller skates was on a London stage in 1743, the first patented roller skate was introduced in 1760 by Belgian inventor John Joseph Merlin.", "Roller skates __knowledge__ His roller skate wasn't much more than an ice skate with wheels where the blade goes, a style we would call inline today.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive inline skating is a form of inline skating executed on specially designed inline skates with focus on grinding and spins.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Participants refer to the activity as rollerblading, \"blading,\" \"skating,\" or \"rolling.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Aggressive skating can take place on found street obstacles or at skateparks.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Street skating primarily consists of performing grinds on ledges and rails, as well as jumping tall heights known as \"gaps.\"", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Park skating recreates these obstacles with the additions of bowls and ramps on which \"vert\" skating can be performed.", "Aggressive inline skating __knowledge__ Since 1994, the sport has been chronicled in various skating films and \"edits.\"", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is a multi-disciplinary sport practiced widely internationally.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skates typically have 2 to 5 polyurethane wheels, arranged in a single line by a metal or plastic frame on the underside of a boot.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ The in-line design allows for greater speed than roller skates and better manoeuvrability.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Following this basic design principle, inline skates can be modified to varying degrees to accommodate niche disciplines.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ Inline skating is also known as \"roller blading\" due to the popular brand of inline skates, Rollerblade.", "Inline skating __knowledge__ A term used to refer to inline skates on a vert ramp, a half pipe with some vertical in it usually between 6in to 24in.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Roller hockey is a form of hockey played on a dry surface using wheeled skates.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Most professional-inline hockey games take place on an indoor or outdoor sport court (a type of plastic interlinking tiles used to create a skating surface).", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ Otherwise, any dry surface can be used to host a game, typically a roller rink, macadam, or cement.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ The term \"Roller Hockey\" is often used interchangeably to refer to three variant forms chiefly differentiated by the equipment used.", "Roller hockey __knowledge__ There is traditional \"Roller hockey\" (Quad hockey, Rink hockey), played with quad skates and a ball (without contact), \"Inline hockey\", played with inline skates and puck (without contact) and \"Skater hockey\", played with quad skates or inline skates and plastic ball (with contact like ice hockey)." ] ]

[ 3, 2, 4, 1, 12 ]

[ "That would make using inline skates so much easier, I would fall without a rubber stop or brake attached to rear of the skates haha", "I feel like they would be harder to use since they have two to five wheels in a single line as opposed to quad skates that have two wheels in the front and back", "That is awesome, was it easy for you to learn? I never realized the modern style of inline skates was made for a replacement for ice skates!", "That is all, it would take me years haha, It is smart to use protection while learning. I would love to buy some inline skates for my son to learn inline skating", "I have not went to a roller rink in forever, they used to have an indoor and outdoor one where I grew up but closed it down, it was called Skatetown...so many memories at that place" ]

[ "Inline skates", "Inline skates", "Inline skates", "Inline skates", "Inline skates" ]

[ "Reading (process)\nI like reading. Do you?", "Personally, I am re-reading the Harry Potter series. A little childhood nostalgia, if you will.", "It's quite good and makes you really get into it. Any series you are into?", "No. I have not. What is it about?", "Oh I love Lord of the Rings. It's an excellent series and having it brought to life on the big screen (with some changes) made it so real!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Chinook Jargon __knowledge__ Chinook Jargon (also known as chinuk wawa, or chinook wawa) is a revived American indigenous language originating as a pidgin trade language in the Pacific Northwest, and spreading during the 19th century from the lower Columbia River, first to other areas in modern Oregon and Washington, then British Columbia and as far as Alaska and Yukon Territory, sometimes taking on characteristics of a creole language.", "Chinook Jargon __knowledge__ It is related to, but not the same as, the aboriginal language of the Chinook people, upon which much of its vocabulary is based.", "Chinook Jargon __knowledge__ Many words from Chinook Jargon remain in common use in the Western United States, British Columbia and the Yukon, in indigenous languages as well as regional English usage, to the point where most people are unaware the word was originally from the Jargon.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ Like nouns in many Native American languages, the Tlingit noun is easily conceptualized but difficult to formally define.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ It can be simple or compound, and can be derived from verb forms as well as other nouns.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ It is marked for case, but not normally for number.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ Noun possession divides all nouns into two open classes of possessable and unpossessable nouns, and the possessable nouns are further divided based on their alienability.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ The concept of a noun is fairly well defined for Indo-European languages, as well as many other language families.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ However, it is not so clear for many Native American language families, particularly the Na-Dené family.", "Carrier language __knowledge__ The Carrier language is a Northern Athabaskan language.", "Carrier language __knowledge__ It is named after the Dakelh people, a First Nations people of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada, for whom Carrier is the usual English name.", "Carrier language __knowledge__ People who are referred to as Carrier speak two related languages.", "Carrier language __knowledge__ One, Babine-Witsuwit'en is sometimes referred to as \"Northern Carrier\".", "Carrier language __knowledge__ The other, Carrier proper, includes what are sometimes referred to as \"Central Carrier\" and \"Southern Carrier\".", "Carrier language __knowledge__ All dialects of Carrier have essentially the same consonant system, which is shown in this chart.", "Carrier language __knowledge__ There are three series of stops and affricates: aspirated, unaspirated (written voiced in the practical orthography), and ejective.", "Well (play) __knowledge__ Well is a play by Lisa Kron.", "Well (play) __knowledge__ It concerns relationships between mothers and daughters and \"wellness\", among other themes.", "Well (play) __knowledge__ It ran Off-Broadway in 2004 and then on Broadway in 2006.", "Well (play) __knowledge__ \"Well\" premiered Off-Broadway at the Joseph Papp Public Theater, opening on March 16, 2004 (previews) and running to May 16, 2004.", "Well (play) __knowledge__ Directed by Leigh Silverman, the cast starred Lisa Kron and Jayne Houdyshell as Lisa's mother, Ann Kron.", "Well (play) __knowledge__ The Public Theater production garnered \"Best of 2004\" lists in \"The New York Times\" among other publications.", "Well (play) __knowledge__ \"Well\" next ran at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco in February and March 2005, with Kron and Houdyshell.", "Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon __knowledge__ The Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon (CTGR) consists of twenty-seven Native American tribes with long historical ties to present-day western Oregon between the western boundary of the Oregon Coast and the eastern boundary of the Cascade Range, and the northern boundary of southwestern Washington and the southern boundary of northern California.", "Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon __knowledge__ The community has an Indian reservation, the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation, which was established in 1855 in Yamhill and Polk counties.", "Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon __knowledge__ Because the people had lived near each other, and often spoke more than one language for use in trading, after they were grouped together in the 19th century on the reservation, they refined a creole language that became known as Chinook Jargon.", "Tenino, Washington __knowledge__ Tenino is a city in Thurston County, Washington, United States.", "Tenino, Washington __knowledge__ The population was 1,695 at the 2010 census.", "Tenino, Washington __knowledge__ Tenino was officially incorporated on July 24, 1906, though it existed as a rural community since the mid-19th century.", "Tenino, Washington __knowledge__ Initially, American settlers were attracted to the open prairies created and maintained by local natives through controlled burns to cultivate camas root, a staple food source.", "Tenino, Washington __knowledge__ Records indicate the initial settlers' community centered on the prairie approximately 1/2 mile south of the present town.", "Tenino, Washington __knowledge__ Early residents named their first post office and school \"Coal Bank\", in the 1860s, a reference to a nearby coal outcropping.", "Fun Home (musical) __knowledge__ Fun Home is a musical adapted by Lisa Kron and Jeanine Tesori from Alison Bechdel's 2006 graphic memoir of the same name.", "Fun Home (musical) __knowledge__ The story concerns Bechdel's discovery of her own sexuality, her relationship with her gay father, and her attempts to unlock the mysteries surrounding his life.", "Fun Home (musical) __knowledge__ It is the first Broadway musical with a lesbian protagonist.", "Fun Home (musical) __knowledge__ It is told in a series of non-linear vignettes connected by narration provided by the adult Alison character.", "Fun Home (musical) __knowledge__ The musical was developed through several readings and performances, including at the Ojai Playwrights Conference in 2009 and at the Sundance Theatre Lab and The Public Theater's Public Lab in 2012." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are many published theories about the politics of the Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling, which range from them containing criticism of racism to anti-government sentiments.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ According to \"Inside Higher Ed\", doctoral theses have been devoted to the Harry Potter books.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are also several university courses centred on analysis of the Potter series, including an upper division Political Science course.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ \"Time\" magazine noted the political and social aspects of Harry Potter in their 2007 Person of the Year issue where Rowling placed third behind politicians Vladimir Putin and Al Gore.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter's potential social and political impact was called similar to the 19th century phenomenon of Harriet Beecher Stowe's popular, but critically maligned book, \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\", which fuelled the abolitionist movement leading up to the American Civil War.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The novels chronicle the life of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic, and subjugate all wizards and muggles, a reference term that means non-magical people.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Since the release of the first novel, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity, critical acclaim, and commercial success worldwide.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writer J. K. Rowling cites several writers as influences in her creation of her bestselling \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writers, journalists and critics have noted that the books also have a number of analogues; a wide range of literature, both classical and modern, which Rowling has not openly cited as influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ This article is divided into three sections.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The first section lists those authors and books which Rowling has suggested as possible influences on \"Harry Potter\".", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The second section deals with those books which Rowling has cited as favourites without mentioning possible influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The third section deals with those analogues which Rowling has not cited either as influences or as favourites but which others have claimed bear comparison with \"Harry Potter\".", "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows __knowledge__ Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows is a fantasy novel written by British author J. K. Rowling and the seventh and final novel of the \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows __knowledge__ The book was released on 21 July 2007, ending the series that began in 1997 with the publication of \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\".", "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows __knowledge__ It was published by Bloomsbury Publishing in the United Kingdom, in the United States by Scholastic, and in Canada by Raincoast Books.", "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows __knowledge__ The novel chronicles the events directly following \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" (2005), and the final confrontation between the wizards Harry Potter and Lord Voldemort.", "Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation) __knowledge__ The Order of the Phoenix is a secret organisation in the \"Harry Potter\" series of fiction books written by J. K. Rowling.", "Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation) __knowledge__ Founded by Albus Dumbledore to fight Lord Voldemort and his followers, the Death Eaters, the Order lends its name to the fifth book of the series, \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\".", "Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation) __knowledge__ Before the Harry Potter series starts – when the character Lord Voldemort declared war on the wizarding world – Albus Dumbledore, headmaster of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and an upstanding and powerful citizen of the wizarding world, attempted to take control of the situation by founding the Order of the Phoenix.", "Legal disputes over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Since first coming to wide notice in the late 1990s, the \"Harry Potter\" book series by J. K. Rowling has engendered a number of legal disputes.", "Legal disputes over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Rowling, her various publishers and Time Warner, the owner of the rights to the \"Harry Potter\" films, have taken numerous legal actions to protect their copyrights, and also have fielded accusations of copyright theft themselves.", "Legal disputes over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ The worldwide popularity of the \"Harry Potter\" series has led to the appearance of a number of locally produced, unauthorised sequels and other derivative works, sparking efforts to ban or contain them.", "Legal disputes over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ While these legal proceedings have countered a number of cases of outright piracy, other attempts have targeted not-for-profit endeavours and have been criticised.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition (SLA), second-language learning, or L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ The field of second-language acquisition is a subdiscipline of applied linguistics, but also receives research attention from a variety of other disciplines, such as psychology and education.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ A central theme in SLA research is that of \"interlanguage\", the idea that the language that learners use is not simply the result of differences between the languages that they already know and the language that they are learning, but that it is a complete language system in its own right, with its own systematic rules.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on record in medical literature, first became known in early November 1970, authorities arranged for her admission to Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where doctors determined that at the age of 13 years and 7 months she had not acquired a first language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Hospital staff then began teaching Genie to speak General American English, and she gradually began to learn and use language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Their efforts soon caught the attention of linguists, who saw her as an important way to gain further insight into acquisition of language skills and linguistic development.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition is one of the quintessential human traits, because non-humans do not communicate by using language.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Language acquisition usually refers to first-language acquisition, which studies infants' acquisition of their native language.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ This is distinguished from \"second-language acquisition\", which deals with the acquisition (in both children and adults) of additional languages.", "Language acquisition __knowledge__ Linguists who are interested in child language acquisition for many years question how language is acquired, lidz et al.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ The critical period hypothesis is the subject of a long-standing debate in linguistics and language acquisition over the extent to which the ability to acquire language is biologically linked to age.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ The hypothesis claims that there is an ideal time window to acquire language in a linguistically rich environment, after which further language acquisition becomes much more difficult and effortful.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ The critical period hypothesis states that the first few years of life is the crucial time in which an individual can acquire a first language if presented with adequate stimuli.", "Critical period hypothesis __knowledge__ If language input does not occur until after this time, the individual will never achieve a full command of language—especially grammatical systems.", "Language development __knowledge__ Language development is a process starting early in human life.", "Language development __knowledge__ Infants start without knowing a language, yet by 10 months, babies can distinguish speech sounds and engage in babbling.", "Language development __knowledge__ Some research has shown that the earliest learning begins in utero when the fetus starts to recognize the sounds and speech patterns of its mother's voice and differentiate them from other sounds after birth.", "Language development __knowledge__ Usually, productive language is considered to begin with a stage of preverbal communication in which infants use gestures and vocalizations to make their intents known to others.", "Language development __knowledge__ According to a general principle of development, new forms then take over old functions, so that children learn words to express the same communicative functions they had already expressed by proverbial means.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ Genie (born 1957) is the pseudonym for an American feral child who was a victim of severe abuse, neglect, and social isolation.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ Her circumstances are prominently recorded in the annals of linguistics and abnormal child psychology.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ When she was a baby her father concluded that she was severely mentally retarded, a view which intensified as she got older, causing him to dislike her and withhold care and attention.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ At approximately the time she reached the age of 20 months he decided to keep her as socially isolated as possible as a result of this belief, so from that time until she reached the age of 13 years and 7 months he kept her locked alone in a room." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Good Game is an Australian television gaming programme produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), which aired on ABC2.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Created by Janet Carr, Jeremy Ray and Michael Makowski.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show began in 2006 and includes a mix of gaming news, reviews, and features.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The original hosts were Jeremy \"Junglist\" Ray and Michael \"Kapowski\" Makowski; the latter was replaced by Steven \"Bajo\" O'Donnell in 2007, and the former was replaced by Stephanie \"Hex\" Bendixsen in 2009.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Other on screen presenters included field reporter Gus \"Goose\" Ronald and Dave Callan.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show is named after the friendly phrase gamers traditionally say after completing a competitive match.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Tracy Lynette Barlow (also Langton, Preston, Cropper and McDonald) is a fictional character and the main antagonist from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\".", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She was born on screen during the episode broadcast on 24 January 1977.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She was played by Christabel Finch until 21 November 1983.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Holly Chamarette played the role from 8 July 1985 until 23 March 1988.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ Dawn Acton played the role from 12 December 1988, until 14 June 1995, Acton reprised the role in November 1996, and departed in December 1997.", "Tracy Barlow __knowledge__ She reprised the role once again on 17 March 1999 and made her final appearance as Tracy on 10 October 1999.", "Nancy Hayton __knowledge__ Nancy Anne Osborne (also Hayton) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jessica Fox.", "Nancy Hayton __knowledge__ The character first appeared on 6 July 2005.", "Nancy Hayton __knowledge__ Since the character's inception she has been involved in many notable storylines such as: a love triangle; coping with the death of her eldest sister Becca (Ali Bastian); marrying Jake Dean (Kevin Sacre); drug abuse; domestic violence; being the victim of two attempted rapes by Jake and Finn O'Connor (Keith Rice); marrying Darren Osborne (Ashley Taylor Dawson); prematurely giving birth to Darren's son Oscar Osborne who is deaf; an addiction to painkillers; a highly publiscised storyline where Sienna Blake (Anna Passey) attempts to steal Darren and her family away from her; Sienna seriously attacking her which gives her brain damage; her affair with Rick Spencer (Victor Gardener); a fling with Rick's son Robbie Roscoe (Charlie Wernham); discovering Darren and Maxine Minniver (Nikki Sanderson) buried Partick Blake's (Jeremy Sheffield) body in village wall and helping cover their tracks; and accidentally running over her friend and colleague John Paul McQueen (James Sutton) resulting in his blindness.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the universe of Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10\" franchise, which includes \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Benjamin Kirby \"Ben\" Tennyson (alias \"Ben 10\") is the main character of the franchise.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He is a 10-year-old boy child from Bellwood who found the Omnitrix during his summer vacation with his Grandfather Max Tennyson and his cousin Gwen Tennyson.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ The Omnitrix attached to his wrist and gives him the powers and abilities to become different aliens.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He uses these powers to defeat evil while trying to escape the alien warlord Vilgax, who chases after him unstoppably in order to retrieve the Omnitrix.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ In its most basic sense, multimodality is a theory of communication and social semiotics.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ Multimodality describes communication practices in terms of the textual, aural, linguistic, spatial, and visual resources - or modes - used to compose messages.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ Where media are concerned, multimodality is the use of several modes (media) to create a single artifact.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ The collection of these modes, or elements, contributes to how multimodality affects different rhetorical situations, or opportunities for increasing an audience's reception of an idea or concept.", "Multimodality __knowledge__ Everything from the placement of images to the organization of the content creates meaning.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it, and understand its meaning.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ Although this definition may seem simple, it is not necessarily simple to teach, learn or practice.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ An individual's ability to comprehend text is influenced by their traits and skills, one of which is the ability to make inferences.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ If word recognition is difficult, students use too much of their processing capacity to read individual words, which interferes with their ability to comprehend what is read.", "Reading comprehension __knowledge__ There are a number of approaches to improve reading comprehension, including improving one's vocabulary and reading strategies.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ Talcott Parsons (December 13, 1902 – May 8, 1979) was an American sociologist of the classical tradition, best known for his social action theory and structural functionalism.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ Parsons is considered one of the most influential figures in the development of sociology in the 20th century.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ After earning a PhD in economics, he served on the faculty at Harvard University from 1927 to 1979.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ In 1930, he was among the first professors in its new sociology department.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ Based on empirical data, Parsons' social action theory was the first broad, systematic, and generalizable theory of social systems developed in the United States.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Whole language describes a literacy philosophy which emphasizes that children should focus on meaning and strategy instruction.", "Whole language __knowledge__ It is often contrasted with phonics-based methods of teaching reading and writing which emphasize instruction for decoding and spelling.", "Whole language __knowledge__ However, from whole language practitioners' perspective, this view is erroneous and sets up a false dichotomy.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Whole language practitioners teach to develop a knowledge of language including the graphophonic, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of language.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Within a whole language perspective, language is treated as a complete meaning-making system, the parts of which function in relational ways." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Muhammad Ali of Egypt __knowledge__ Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas'ud ibn Agha (; / ALA-LC: \"Muḥammad ‘Alī Bāshā\"; Albanian: Mehmet Ali Pasha; Turkish: Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Paşa; 4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian commander in the Ottoman army, who rose to the rank of Pasha, and became Wāli, and self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan with the Ottomans' temporary approval.", "Muhammad Ali of Egypt __knowledge__ Though not a modern nationalist, he is regarded as the founder of modern Egypt because of the dramatic reforms in the military, economic and cultural spheres that he instituted.", "Muhammad Ali of Egypt __knowledge__ He also ruled Levantine territories outside Egypt.", "Muhammad Ali of Egypt __knowledge__ The dynasty that he established would rule Lower Egypt, Upper Egypt and Sudan until the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 led by Muhammad Naguib and Gamal Abdel Nasser.", "2009 flu pandemic __knowledge__ The 2009 flu pandemic or \"swine flu\" was an influenza pandemic, and the second of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus (the first of them being the 1918 flu pandemic), albeit in a new version.", "2009 flu pandemic __knowledge__ First described in April 2009, the virus appeared to be a new strain of H1N1 which resulted when a previous triple reassortment of bird, swine and human flu viruses further combined with a Eurasian pig flu virus, leading to the term \"swine flu\".", "2009 flu pandemic __knowledge__ Unlike most strains of influenza, H1N1 does not disproportionately infect adults older than 60 years; this was an unusual and characteristic feature of the H1N1 pandemic.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This article is designed to give background into the organization and tactics of Civil War armies.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ This brief survey is by no means exhaustive, but it should give enough material to have a better understanding of the capabilities of the forces that fought the American Civil War.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ Understanding these capabilities should give insight into the reasoning behind the decisions made by commanders on both sides.", "Armies in the American Civil War __knowledge__ The Regular Army of the United States on the eve of the Civil War was essentially a frontier constabulary whose 16,000 officers and men were organized into 198 companies scattered across the nation at 79 different posts.", "Steam locomotive __knowledge__ A steam locomotive is a type of railway locomotive that produces its pulling power through a steam engine.", "Steam locomotive __knowledge__ These locomotives are fueled by burning combustible material – usually coal, wood, or oil – to produce steam in a boiler.", "Steam locomotive __knowledge__ The steam moves reciprocating pistons which are mechanically connected to the locomotive's main wheels (drivers).", "Steam locomotive __knowledge__ Both fuel and water supplies are carried with the locomotive, either on the locomotive itself or in wagons (tenders) pulled behind.", "Steam locomotive __knowledge__ Steam locomotives were first developed in Great Britain during the early 19th century and used for railway transport until the middle of the 20th century.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ \"Arrested Development\" is an American television sitcom that originally aired on the Fox network from November 2, 2003 to February 10, 2006.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26, 2013.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ Created by Mitchell Hurwitz, the show centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and is presented in a continuous format, incorporating hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ The series stars Jason Bateman, Portia de Rossi, Will Arnett, Michael Cera, Alia Shawkat, Tony Hale, David Cross, Jeffrey Tambor, and Jessica Walter.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ General Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough (12 August 1870 – 18 March 1963) was a senior officer in the British Army in the First World War.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ A favourite of the British Commander-in-Chief, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, he experienced a meteoric rise through the ranks during the war and commanded the British Fifth Army from 1916 to 1918.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ The name of Gough probably derives from the Welsh word \"coch\", meaning \"red\".", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ Before leaving England Gough's ancestors were clerics and clerks in Wiltshire, and the family settled in Ireland in the early 17th century, not as planters but in clerical positions.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ By the nineteenth century they were an Anglo-Irish family of the landed gentry settled at Gurteen, County Waterford, Ireland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "BBC Big Screen __knowledge__ The BBC Big Screens are LED screens with sound systems situated in prominent locations in city centres on the United Kingdom.", "BBC Big Screen __knowledge__ The project setting up these screens involves the BBC, LOCOG (London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games), and local councils.", "BBC Big Screen __knowledge__ The premise on which the screens are operated is as a platform for all, to provide local information, and to allow filmmakers and other visual artists a platform on which to display their work.", "BBC Big Screen __knowledge__ There are 21 Big Screens in cities across the UK.", "BBC Big Screen __knowledge__ The screens are run by the BBC in accordance with its editorial guidelines and are individually known as 'Big Screen (city name)' e.g.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "The Lord of the Rings (film series) __knowledge__ The Lord of the Rings is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Lord of the Rings (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the novel \"The Lord of the Rings\" by J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Lord of the Rings (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2001), \"\" (2002) and \"\" (2003).", "The Lord of the Rings (film series) __knowledge__ They are a New Zealand-American venture produced by WingNut Films and The Saul Zaentz Company and distributed by New Line Cinema.", "The Lord of the Rings (film series) __knowledge__ Considered to be one of the biggest and most ambitious film projects ever undertaken, with an overall budget of $281 million (some sources say $310-$330 million), the entire project took eight years, with the filming for all three films done simultaneously and entirely in New Zealand, Jackson's native country.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Robert Paul \"Tad\" Williams (born 14 March 1957 in San Jose, California) is an American fantasy and science fiction writer.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He is the author of the multivolume \"Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn\" series, \"Otherland\" series, and \"Shadowmarch\" series as well as the standalone novels \"Tailchaser's Song\" and \"The War of the Flowers\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Most recently, Williams published \"The Bobby Dollar\" series.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Cumulatively, over 17 million copies of Williams's works have been sold.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Williams's work in comics includes a six issue mini-series for DC Comics called \"The Next\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He also wrote \"\" issue #50 to #57.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Other comic work includes \"Mirrorworld: Rain\" and \"The Helmet of Fate: Ibis the Invincible #1\" (DC).", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ Low fantasy or intrusion fantasy is a type of fantasy fiction.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ It has been defined as fiction where magical events intrude on an otherwise normal world.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ It thus contrasts with high fantasy stories, which take place in a fictional world with its own set of rules and physical laws.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ Intrusion fantasy places relatively less emphasis on typical elements associated with fantasy, setting a narrative in realistic environments with elements of the fantastical.", "Low fantasy __knowledge__ Sometimes there are just enough fantastical elements to make ambiguous the boundary between what is real and what is purely psychological or supernatural.", "Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ The works of J. R. R. Tolkien have served as the inspiration to painters, musicians, film-makers and writers, to such an extent that Tolkien is sometimes seen as the \"father\" of the entire genre of high fantasy.", "Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ The production of such derivative works is sometimes of doubtful legality, because Tolkien's published works will remain in copyright until 2043.", "Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ The film, stage and merchandise rights of \"The Hobbit\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\" are owned by Tolkien Enterprises, while the rights of \"The Silmarillion\" and other material remain with The J.R.R.", "Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ Tolkien Estate Ltd.", "Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien __knowledge__ The earliest illustrations of Tolkien's works were drawn by the author himself.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Elements of the supernatural and the fantastic were an element of literature from its beginning.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ The modern genre is distinguished from tales and folklore, that contain fantastic elements, by firstly the acknowledged fictitious nature of the work, and secondly the naming an author.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Works in which the marvels were not necessarily believed, or only half-believed, such as the European romances of chivalry and the tales of the \"Arabian Nights\", slowly evolved into works with such traits.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Authors like George MacDonald (1824 –1905) created the first explicitly fantastic works.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Later, in the twentieth century, the publication of \"The Lord of the Rings\" by J. R. R. Tolkien enormously influenced fantasy writing, establishing the form of epic fantasy.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ Fantasy films are films that belong to the fantasy genre with fantastic themes, usually magic, supernatural events, mythology, folklore, or exotic fantasy worlds.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ The genre is considered a form of speculative fiction alongside science fiction films and horror films, although the genres do overlap.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ Fantasy films often have an element of magic, myth, wonder, escapism, and the extraordinary.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ Several sub-categories of fantasy films can be identified, although the delineations between these subgenres, much as in fantasy literature, are somewhat fluid.", "Fantasy film __knowledge__ The most common fantasy subgenres depicted in movies are High Fantasy and Sword and Sorcery.", "High fantasy __knowledge__ High fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy, defined either by its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, and plot.", "High fantasy __knowledge__ The term \"high fantasy\" was coined by Lloyd Alexander in a 1971 essay, \"High Fantasy and Heroic Romance\" (originally given at the New England Round Table of Children's Librarians in October 1969).", "High fantasy __knowledge__ High fantasy is defined as fantasy set in an alternative, fictional (\"secondary\") world, rather than \"the real\", or \"primary\" world.", "High fantasy __knowledge__ The secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world.", "High fantasy __knowledge__ By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set in the primary, or \"real\" world, or a rational and familiar fictional world, with the inclusion of magical elements." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 ]

[ "Yes! I love it as a means of language acquisition, communication and sharing ideas. what are you reading now?", "That's fun! I've only read part of the first one when I was younger and didn't really get into it. I was a complex interaction between the text and me as the reader. My prior knowledge definitely shaped my experience.", "I am planning to start a large series called Wheel of Time. Have you heard of it? I need more practice and development continually to stay fresh when I'm reading.", "It's a high fantasy series. I don't know much besides that Similar to Lord of the Rings but different. It takes a lot of creativity and critical analysis to get into something like that.", "I haven't read that one either :) but I'd like to. It really gives a deep exploration of the text while you're interpreting its's meaning." ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Robert De Niro\nI love Robert De Niro, he is my favorite actor.", "I still like him in movies today.", "That is cool. How old is he?", "Wow that is a long time ago. What was his first movie?", "I love that movie." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ Robert Anthony De Niro Jr. (; born August 17, 1943) is an American actor, producer, and director who holds both American and Italian citizenship.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro was cast as the young Vito Corleone in the 1974 film \"The Godfather Part II\", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His longtime collaboration with director Martin Scorsese earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Jake LaMotta in the 1980 film \"Raging Bull\".", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2003, the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2010, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro's first major film roles were in the sports drama \"Bang the Drum Slowly\" (1973) and Scorsese's crime film \"Mean Streets\" (1973).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He earned Academy Award nominations for the psychological thrillers \"Taxi Driver\" (1976) and \"Cape Fear\" (1991), both directed by Scorsese.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro received additional nominations for Michael Cimino's Vietnam war drama \"The Deer Hunter\" (1978), Penny Marshall's drama \"Awakenings\" (1990), and David O. Russell's romantic comedy-drama \"Silver Linings Playbook\" (2012).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His portrayal of gangster Jimmy Conway in Scorsese's crime film \"Goodfellas\" (1990), and his role as Rupert Pupkin in the black comedy film \"The King of Comedy\" (1983), earned him BAFTA Award nominations.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Martin Charles Scorsese (; born November 17, 1942) is an American director, producer, screenwriter, and film historian, whose career spans more than 50 years.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Scorsese's body of work addresses such themes as Sicilian-American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption, faith, machismo, modern crime, and gang conflict.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Many of his films are also known for their depiction of violence and liberal use of profanity.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking, he is widely regarded as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers in cinematic history.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ In 1990, he founded The Film Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to film preservation, and in 2007 he founded the World Cinema Foundation.", "Robert De Niro Sr. __knowledge__ Robert Henry De Niro (May 3, 1922 – May 3, 1993), better known as Robert De Niro Sr., was an American abstract expressionist painter and the father of actor Robert De Niro.", "Robert De Niro Sr. __knowledge__ Robert De Niro Sr. was born in Syracuse, New York, to an Italian-American father, Henry Martin De Niro (1897–1976), whose parents emigrated from Ferrazzano, in the province of Campobasso, Molise, and an Irish-American mother, Helen M. (née O'Reilly; 1899–1999).", "Robert De Niro Sr. __knowledge__ He was the eldest of three children; he and siblings John and Joan were raised in Syracuse, New York.", "Robert De Niro Sr. __knowledge__ De Niro studied at the renowned Black Mountain College under Josef Albers from 1939 to 1940.", "The Good Shepherd (film) __knowledge__ The Good Shepherd is a 2006 spy film produced and directed by Robert De Niro and starring Matt Damon, Angelina Jolie and De Niro, with an extensive supporting cast.", "The Good Shepherd (film) __knowledge__ De Niro also produced it with James G. Robinson and Jane Rosenthal.", "The Good Shepherd (film) __knowledge__ Although it is a fictional film loosely based on real events, it is advertised as telling the untold story of the birth of counter-intelligence in the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).", "The Good Shepherd (film) __knowledge__ The film's main character, Edward Wilson (portrayed by Damon), is loosely based on James Jesus Angleton and Richard M. Bissell.", "The Good Shepherd (film) __knowledge__ Eric Roth, the film's screenwriter, began to work on the project after he abandoned his attempt to bring Norman Mailer's \"Harlot's Ghost\" to the screen.", "The Deer Hunter __knowledge__ The Deer Hunter is a 1978 American epic war drama film co-written and directed by Michael Cimino about a trio of Russian American steelworkers whose lives are changed forever after they fight in the Vietnam War.", "The Deer Hunter __knowledge__ The three soldiers are played by Robert De Niro, Christopher Walken, and John Savage, with John Cazale (in his final role), Meryl Streep, and George Dzundza playing supporting roles.", "The Deer Hunter __knowledge__ The story takes place in Clairton, Pennsylvania, a small working class town on the Monongahela River south of Pittsburgh, and in Vietnam.", "The Deer Hunter __knowledge__ The film was based in part on an unproduced screenplay called \"The Man Who Came to Play\" by Louis Garfinkle and Quinn K. Redeker, about Las Vegas and Russian roulette.", "Raging Bull __knowledge__ Raging Bull is a 1980 American biographical black-and-white sports drama film directed by Martin Scorsese, produced by Robert Chartoff and Irwin Winkler and adapted by Paul Schrader and Mardik Martin from Jake LaMotta's memoir \"\".", "Raging Bull __knowledge__ It stars Robert De Niro as Jake LaMotta, an Italian American middleweight boxer whose self-destructive and obsessive rage, sexual jealousy, and animalistic appetite destroyed his relationship with his wife and family.", "Raging Bull __knowledge__ Also featured in the film are Joe Pesci as Joey, LaMotta's well-intentioned brother and manager who tries to help Jake battle his inner demons, and Cathy Moriarty as his wife.", "Meet the Parents __knowledge__ Meet the Parents is a 2000 American comedy film written by Jim Herzfeld and John Hamburg and directed by Jay Roach.", "Meet the Parents __knowledge__ Starring Robert De Niro and Ben Stiller, the film chronicles a series of unfortunate events that befall a good-hearted but hapless male nurse while visiting his girlfriend's parents.", "Meet the Parents __knowledge__ Teri Polo, Blythe Danner, and Owen Wilson also star.", "Meet the Parents __knowledge__ \"Meet the Parents\" is a remake of a 1992 film of the same name directed by Greg Glienna and produced by Jim Vincent.", "Meet the Parents __knowledge__ Glienna—who also played the original film's main protagonist—and Mary Ruth Clarke co-wrote the screenplay.", "Meet the Parents __knowledge__ Universal Studios purchased the rights to Glienna's film with the intent of creating a new version." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ Robert Anthony De Niro Jr. (; born August 17, 1943) is an American actor, producer, and director who holds both American and Italian citizenship.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro was cast as the young Vito Corleone in the 1974 film \"The Godfather Part II\", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His longtime collaboration with director Martin Scorsese earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Jake LaMotta in the 1980 film \"Raging Bull\".", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2003, the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2010, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro's first major film roles were in the sports drama \"Bang the Drum Slowly\" (1973) and Scorsese's crime film \"Mean Streets\" (1973).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He earned Academy Award nominations for the psychological thrillers \"Taxi Driver\" (1976) and \"Cape Fear\" (1991), both directed by Scorsese.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro received additional nominations for Michael Cimino's Vietnam war drama \"The Deer Hunter\" (1978), Penny Marshall's drama \"Awakenings\" (1990), and David O. Russell's romantic comedy-drama \"Silver Linings Playbook\" (2012).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His portrayal of gangster Jimmy Conway in Scorsese's crime film \"Goodfellas\" (1990), and his role as Rupert Pupkin in the black comedy film \"The King of Comedy\" (1983), earned him BAFTA Award nominations.", "I Still Like Bologna __knowledge__ \"I Still Like Bologna\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Alan Jackson.", "I Still Like Bologna __knowledge__ It is the fifty-seventh single release of his career, and the fifth single from his album \"Good Time\".", "I Still Like Bologna __knowledge__ The song was released to radio on August 3, 2009 and debuted at number 56 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts.", "I Still Like Bologna __knowledge__ As with all of the other songs on \"Good Time\", Jackson wrote \"I Still Like Bologna\" himself.", "I Still Like Bologna __knowledge__ In the song, the narrator states that, although he owns many pieces of modern technology (such as a cell phone, plasma television, and laptop computer) and embraces technological advances, he still likes the simplicity of a bologna sandwich on white bread, or the scenery of a rural lifestyle.", "Jostaberry __knowledge__ The jostaberry is a complex-cross fruit bush in the \"Ribes\" genus, involving three original species, the black currant \"R. nigrum\", the North American coastal black gooseberry \"R. divaricatum\", and the European gooseberry \"R. uva-crispa\".", "Jostaberry __knowledge__ It is similar to \"Ribes × culverwellii\", the Jochelbeere, which is descended from just two of these species, \"R. nigrum\" and \"R. uva-crispa\".", "Jostaberry __knowledge__ The cultivated plants are tetraploid.", "Jostaberry __knowledge__ They are descended from two separate first-generation crosses, both of which produced very few fruit.", "Jostaberry __knowledge__ Fertile tetraploids were produced using colchicine.", "Jostaberry __knowledge__ The name \"Jostaberry\" was created via combining the German words for blackcurrant and gooseberry, namely \"\" (\"Jo\") and \"\" (\"Sta\").", "Büchi automaton __knowledge__ In computer science and automata theory, a Büchi automaton is a type of ω-automaton, which extends a finite automaton to infinite inputs.", "Büchi automaton __knowledge__ It accepts an infinite input sequence if there exists a run of the automaton that visits (at least) one of the final states infinitely often.", "Büchi automaton __knowledge__ Büchi automata recognize the omega-regular languages, the infinite word version of regular languages.", "Büchi automaton __knowledge__ It is named after the Swiss mathematician Julius Richard Büchi who invented this kind of automaton in 1962.", "Büchi automaton __knowledge__ Büchi automata are often used in model checking as an automata-theoretic version of a formula in linear temporal logic.", "Simulation __knowledge__ Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time.", "Simulation __knowledge__ The act of simulating something first requires that a model be developed; this model represents the key characteristics, behaviors and functions of the selected physical or abstract system or process.", "Simulation __knowledge__ The model represents the system itself, whereas the simulation represents the operation of the system over time.", "Simulation __knowledge__ Simulation is used in many contexts, such as simulation of technology for performance optimization, safety engineering, testing, training, education, and video games.", "Simulation __knowledge__ Often, computer experiments are used to study simulation models.", "Post-classical editing __knowledge__ Film editor Zach Staenberg states \"what makes a movie is the editing\".", "Post-classical editing __knowledge__ It was not until the invention of editing that film and cinema was allowed to take off.", "Post-classical editing __knowledge__ Film is the product of editing, so it is not something that goes unnoticed.", "Post-classical editing __knowledge__ Editing has gone through different stages and has now reached a technique called post-classical editing.", "Post-classical editing __knowledge__ It is a style of editing characterized by shorter shot lengths, faster cuts between shots, and containing more jump shots and close-ups than classical editing characteristic of films prior to the 1960s.", "Post-classical editing __knowledge__ Prior to \"post-classical editing\" came classical editing.", "Post-classical editing __knowledge__ The first filmmakers merely filmed anything of interest or anything that amused them, continuing the shot until they got tired of it, or the film ran out.", "Parassala Pachan Payyannur Paramu __knowledge__ Parassala Pachan Payyannur Paramu is a 1999 Indian Malayalam film, directed by P. Venu, starring Jagathy Sreekumar and Sreenivasan in the lead role.", "The Jungle Book (2016 film) __knowledge__ The Jungle Book is a 2016 American fantasy adventure film, directed and co-produced by Jon Favreau, produced by Walt Disney Pictures, and written by Justin Marks.", "The Jungle Book (2016 film) __knowledge__ Based on Rudyard Kipling's eponymous collective works and inspired by Walt Disney's 1967 animated film of the same name, \"The Jungle Book\" is a live-action/CGI film that tells the story of Mowgli, an orphaned human boy who, guided by his animal guardians, sets out on a journey of self-discovery while evading the threatening Shere Khan.", "The Jungle Book (2016 film) __knowledge__ The film introduces Neel Sethi as Mowgli and also features the voices of Bill Murray, Ben Kingsley, Idris Elba, Lupita Nyong'o, Scarlett Johansson, Giancarlo Esposito, and Christopher Walken.", "The Godfather (2006 video game) __knowledge__ The Godfather is a 2006 open world action-adventure video game developed by EA Redwood Shores and published by Electronic Arts.", "The Godfather (2006 video game) __knowledge__ Originally released in March 2006 for the PlayStation 2, Xbox and Microsoft Windows, it was later released for the PlayStation Portable as The Godfather: Mob Wars, Xbox 360 as The Godfather: The Game, Wii as The Godfather: Blackhand Edition, and PlayStation 3 as The Godfather: The Don's Edition.", "The Godfather (2006 video game) __knowledge__ The game is based upon the 1972 film \"The Godfather\" and tells the story of an original character, Aldo Trapani, whose rise through the ranks of the Corleone family intersects with the plot of the film on numerous occasions.", "The Godfather II (video game) __knowledge__ The Godfather II is an open world action-adventure video game developed by EA Redwood Shores and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.", "The Godfather II (video game) __knowledge__ It was released worldwide for all platforms in April 2009.", "The Godfather II (video game) __knowledge__ The game is based on the 1974 film \"The Godfather Part II\", and is a sequel to the 2006 game \"The Godfather\", which was based on the 1972 film of the same name.", "The Godfather II (video game) __knowledge__ As with the 2006 game, \"The Godfather II\" tells the story of an original character, Dominic, who is placed in charge of the Corleone family operations in New York City when the protagonist of the original game, Aldo Trapani, is killed in Cuba.", "The Godfather __knowledge__ The Godfather is a 1972 American crime film directed by Francis Ford Coppola and produced by Albert S. Ruddy, based on Mario Puzo's best-selling eponymous novel.", "The Godfather __knowledge__ It stars Marlon Brando and Al Pacino as the leaders of a fictional New York crime family.", "The Godfather __knowledge__ The story, spanning 1945 to 1955, chronicles the family under the patriarch Vito Corleone (Brando), focusing on the transformation of Michael Corleone (Pacino) from reluctant family outsider to ruthless mafia boss.", "The Godfather __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures obtained the rights to the novel for the price of $80,000, before it gained popularity.", "The Godfather __knowledge__ Studio executives had trouble finding a director; their first few candidates turned down the position.", "Vito Corleone __knowledge__ Vito Corleone is a fictional character in Mario Puzo's novel \"The Godfather\" and in the first two of Francis Ford Coppola's three Godfather films, in which he was portrayed by Marlon Brando in \"The Godfather\" and then, as a young man, by Robert De Niro in \"The Godfather Part II\".", "Vito Corleone __knowledge__ He is an orphaned Sicilian immigrant who builds a mafia empire.", "Vito Corleone __knowledge__ Upon his death, Michael, his youngest son, succeeds him as the mafia don of the Corleone crime family.", "Vito Corleone __knowledge__ He has two other sons, Santino \"(Sonny)\" and Frederico \"(Fredo)\" and one daughter Constanzia \"(Connie)\".", "Vito Corleone __knowledge__ He informally adopts Sonny's friend, Tom Hagen, a lawyer who becomes his \"consigliere\".", "Francis Ford Coppola __knowledge__ Francis Ford Coppola (; born April 7, 1939) is an American film director, producer, screenwriter and film composer.", "Francis Ford Coppola __knowledge__ He was a central figure in the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking.", "Francis Ford Coppola __knowledge__ After directing \"The Rain People\" (1969), he co-wrote the 1970 film \"Patton\", earning the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay along with co-writer Edmund H. North.", "Francis Ford Coppola __knowledge__ His directorial prominence was cemented with the release in 1972 of \"The Godfather\", a film which revolutionized movie-making in the gangster genre, earning praise from both critics and the public before winning three Academy Awards—including his second Oscar (Best Adapted Screenplay, with Mario Puzo), Best Picture, and his first nomination for Best Director.", "Tom Hagen __knowledge__ Thomas \"Tom\" Hagen is a fictional character in Mario Puzo's novel \"Godfather\" and Francis Ford Coppola's films \"The Godfather\" and \"The Godfather Part II\".", "Tom Hagen __knowledge__ He was portrayed by Robert Duvall in the films.", "Tom Hagen __knowledge__ Hagen is the informally adopted son of the mafia don Vito Corleone.", "Tom Hagen __knowledge__ He is a qualified lawyer and the \"consigliere\" to the Corleone mafia family.", "Tom Hagen __knowledge__ Mild-mannered and soft-spoken, he serves as the voice of reason within the family.", "Tom Hagen __knowledge__ The novel and first film establish that he is of German-Irish ancestry.", "Tom Hagen __knowledge__ Sonny Corleone befriends 11-year-old Tom, who was living on the street after running away from an orphanage." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ Robert Anthony De Niro Jr. (; born August 17, 1943) is an American actor, producer, and director who holds both American and Italian citizenship.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro was cast as the young Vito Corleone in the 1974 film \"The Godfather Part II\", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His longtime collaboration with director Martin Scorsese earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Jake LaMotta in the 1980 film \"Raging Bull\".", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2003, the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2010, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro's first major film roles were in the sports drama \"Bang the Drum Slowly\" (1973) and Scorsese's crime film \"Mean Streets\" (1973).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He earned Academy Award nominations for the psychological thrillers \"Taxi Driver\" (1976) and \"Cape Fear\" (1991), both directed by Scorsese.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro received additional nominations for Michael Cimino's Vietnam war drama \"The Deer Hunter\" (1978), Penny Marshall's drama \"Awakenings\" (1990), and David O. Russell's romantic comedy-drama \"Silver Linings Playbook\" (2012).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His portrayal of gangster Jimmy Conway in Scorsese's crime film \"Goodfellas\" (1990), and his role as Rupert Pupkin in the black comedy film \"The King of Comedy\" (1983), earned him BAFTA Award nominations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ \"NME\" Cool List is an annual listing of popular musicians compiled by the weekly British music magazine \"NME\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list is created each November by the magazine's writers and journalists, and is based on the 50 musicians that they consider to be the \"coolest\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ Each year's list is first announced by \"NME\" through both a dedicated issue of their magazine and their official website, NME.com – the Cool List issue often attracts high sales.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list was first published in 2002, to highlight the people who were \"at the forefront of the music scene\" – Jack White, the lead singer of American rock band The White Stripes, topped the first poll.", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Phil Cool (born Philip Martin, April 1948) is a retired English comedian, impressionist and musician, perhaps best known for his television series \"Cool It\" (1985–1990), \"Cool Head\" (1991) and \"Phil Cool\" (1992).", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ He performed as a touring comedian until his retirement in 2013.", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Writing for the BBC in 2003, author Mark Lewisohn said: \"Cool was an amazing talent... able to contort his features into a caricature semblance of the intended victim.", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Sometimes so uncanny was this facial transformation that he didn't need traditional sketch material.\"", "Phil Cool __knowledge__ Born in Chorley, Lancashire, Cool discovered that he had a skill for pulling faces when he was a 12-year-old at school.", "Radio (LL Cool J album) __knowledge__ Radio is the debut studio album by American rapper LL Cool J.", "Radio (LL Cool J album) __knowledge__ It was on November 18, 1985, by Def Jam Recordings and was the record label's first full-length album release.", "Radio (LL Cool J album) __knowledge__ \"Radio\" was recorded during 1984 to 1985 at Chung King House of Metal in New York City and produced primarily by Rick Rubin, who provided a sparse and minimal production style.", "Radio (LL Cool J album) __knowledge__ The album also features a sound punctuated by DJ scratching, often brief samples, and emphasis of the downbeat.", "Radio (LL Cool J album) __knowledge__ LL Cool J's aggressive b-boy lyrics explored themes of inner city culture, teenage promiscuity, and braggadocio raps.", "Radio (LL Cool J album) __knowledge__ The album experienced a significant amount of commercial success and sales for a hip hop record at the time, earning U.S. \"Billboard\" chart success and selling over 500,000 copies within its first five months of release.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool is an Australian rock band formed in Melbourne in 1970 with the original line-up of Wayne Duncan (bass, vocals), Ross Hannaford (lead guitar, bass, vocals), Ross Wilson (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica) and Gary Young (drums, vocals) .", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut single \"Eagle Rock\" was released in May 1971 and stayed at number 1 on the Australian singles chart for ten weeks.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut July 1971 LP \"Daddy Who?", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool\" also reached number 1 and became the first Australian album to sell more than 100,000 copies.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their name comes from the 1957 song \"Daddy Cool\" by US rock group The Rays.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool included their version on \"Daddy Who?", "Joe Biden __knowledge__ Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (; born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who served as the 47th Vice President of the United States from 2009 to 2017.", "Joe Biden __knowledge__ A member of the Democratic Party, he represented Delaware as a U.S.", "Joe Biden __knowledge__ Senator from 1973 to 2009.", "Joe Biden __knowledge__ Joe Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1942, and lived there for ten years before moving with his family to Delaware.", "Joe Biden __knowledge__ He became an attorney in 1969, and was elected to the New Castle County council in 1970.", "Joe Biden __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Senate in 1972, and became the sixth-youngest senator in American history.", "Joe Biden __knowledge__ Biden was reelected to the upper house of Congress six times, and was the fourth most senior senator at the time of his resignation to assume the Vice Presidency in 2009.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ During Barack Obama's campaign for president in 2008, throughout his presidency, and afterwards, a number of conspiracy theories were circulated, falsely asserting that Obama was ineligible to be President of the United States on the basis that he was not a natural-born citizen of the United States within the requirement of .", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Theories alleged that Obama's published birth certificate was a forgery—that his actual birthplace was not Hawaii but Kenya.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Other theories alleged that Obama became a citizen of Indonesia in childhood, thereby losing his U.S. citizenship.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Still others claimed that Obama was not a natural-born U.S. citizen because he was born a dual citizen (British and American).", "Democratic Party (United States) __knowledge__ The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party (GOP).", "Democratic Party (United States) __knowledge__ Tracing its heritage back to Thomas Jefferson and James Madison's Democratic-Republican Party, the modern-day Democratic Party was founded around 1828 by supporters of Andrew Jackson, making it the world's oldest political party.", "Democratic Party (United States) __knowledge__ The Democrats' dominant worldview was once social conservatism and economic liberalism while populism was its leading characteristic in the rural South.", "Democratic Party (United States) __knowledge__ In 1912, Theodore Roosevelt ran as a third-party candidate in the Progressive (\"Bull Moose\") Party, leading to a switch of political platforms between the Democratic and Republican Party and Woodrow Wilson being elected as the first fiscally progressive Democrat.", "Family of Barack Obama __knowledge__ The family of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, and his wife Michelle Obama is made up of people of Kenyan (Luo), African-American, and Old Stock American (including originally English, Scotch-Irish, Welsh, German, and Swiss) ancestry.", "Family of Barack Obama __knowledge__ Their immediate family was the First Family of the United States from 2009 to 2017.", "Family of Barack Obama __knowledge__ The Obamas are the first First Family of African-American descent.", "Family of Barack Obama __knowledge__ Michelle Obama, née Robinson, the wife of Barack Obama, was born on January 17, 1964, in Chicago, Illinois.", "Family of Barack Obama __knowledge__ She is a lawyer and was a University of Chicago Hospital vice-president.", "Family of Barack Obama __knowledge__ She was the First Lady of the United States.", "Confirmations of Barack Obama's Cabinet __knowledge__ The President of the United States has the authority to nominate members of the cabinet to the United States Senate for confirmation under Article II, Section II, Clause II of the United States Constitution.", "Confirmations of Barack Obama's Cabinet __knowledge__ This page documents the nomination and confirmation process for any successful or unsuccessful cabinet nominees of Barack Obama's administration.", "Confirmations of Barack Obama's Cabinet __knowledge__ They are listed in order of creation of the cabinet position (also used as the basis for the United States presidential line of succession).", "Confirmations of Barack Obama's Cabinet __knowledge__ The Vice President is an elected official rather than an appointed position, and therefore does not require confirmation by the Senate.", "Barack Obama presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ On February 10, 2007, Barack Obama, then junior United States Senator from Illinois, announced his candidacy for the presidency of the United States in Springfield, Illinois.", "Barack Obama presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ On June 3, 2008, he secured enough delegates to become the presumptive nominee of the Democratic Party for the 2008 presidential election.", "Barack Obama presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ He was the first African-American in American History to be nominated by a major party.", "Barack Obama presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ On November 4, 2008, Obama won the presidential election to become the 44th President of the United States, succeeding George W. Bush.", "Barack Obama presidential primary campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ Obama announced his candidacy at the Old State Capitol building, where Abraham Lincoln delivered his \"House Divided\" speech in 1858.", "Barack Obama __knowledge__ Barack Hussein Obama II (; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017.", "Barack Obama __knowledge__ The first African American to assume the presidency, he was previously the junior United States Senator from Illinois from 2005 to 2008.", "Barack Obama __knowledge__ He served in the Illinois State Senate from 1997 until 2004.", "Barack Obama __knowledge__ Obama was born in 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii, two years after the territory was admitted to the Union as the 50th state.", "Barack Obama __knowledge__ Raised largely in Hawaii, Obama also spent one year of his childhood in Washington State and four years in Indonesia.", "Barack Obama __knowledge__ After graduating from Columbia University in New York City in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ Robert Anthony De Niro Jr. (; born August 17, 1943) is an American actor, producer, and director who holds both American and Italian citizenship.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro was cast as the young Vito Corleone in the 1974 film \"The Godfather Part II\", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His longtime collaboration with director Martin Scorsese earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Jake LaMotta in the 1980 film \"Raging Bull\".", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2003, the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2010, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro's first major film roles were in the sports drama \"Bang the Drum Slowly\" (1973) and Scorsese's crime film \"Mean Streets\" (1973).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He earned Academy Award nominations for the psychological thrillers \"Taxi Driver\" (1976) and \"Cape Fear\" (1991), both directed by Scorsese.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro received additional nominations for Michael Cimino's Vietnam war drama \"The Deer Hunter\" (1978), Penny Marshall's drama \"Awakenings\" (1990), and David O. Russell's romantic comedy-drama \"Silver Linings Playbook\" (2012).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His portrayal of gangster Jimmy Conway in Scorsese's crime film \"Goodfellas\" (1990), and his role as Rupert Pupkin in the black comedy film \"The King of Comedy\" (1983), earned him BAFTA Award nominations.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago (; literally \"Our Story\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the first of a two-part series.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The film commemorates Singapore's 50th birthday and stars Aileen Tan, Mark Lee and Wang Lei as the main casts.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The story spans from 1965 to the early 1970s.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Heavily pregnant Zhao Di, the unwanted second wife of an older man, was chased out by her husband's family and forced to return to her own family.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ She eventually gave birth to twins, Shun Fatt and Su-Fang.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ As Su-Fang had two moles on her face, which was said to be bad luck, Zhao Di decided to give her up due to the pressure of wanting to build a better life for the rest of her family.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II __knowledge__ This is a List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II.", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II __knowledge__ it also list US Coast Guard losses: USS \"Arizona\" (BB-39) destroyed by Japanese aircraft bombs at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 7 December 1941, and stricken from the Navy List, 1 December 1942.", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II __knowledge__ USS \"Oklahoma\" (BB-37) capsized and sank after being torpedoed by Japanese aircraft at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 7 December 1941.", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II __knowledge__ USS \"Hornet\" (CV-8) sunk after being torpedoed by Japanese aircraft during the Battle of Santa Cruz, Solomon Islands, 26 October 1942.", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II __knowledge__ USS \"Lexington\" (CV-2) sunk after being torpedoed by Japanese aircraft during the Battle of the Coral Sea, 8 May 1942.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The French Resistance () was the collection of French movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during the Second World War.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ Resistance cells were small groups of armed men and women (called the Maquis in rural areas), who, in addition to their guerrilla warfare activities, were also publishers of underground newspapers, providers of first-hand intelligence information, and maintainers of escape networks that helped Allied soldiers and airmen trapped behind enemy lines.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The men and women of the Resistance came from all economic levels and political leanings of French society, including émigrés; academics, students, aristocrats, conservative Roman Catholics (including priests) and also citizens from the ranks of liberals, anarchists and communists.", "RAF Coastal Command during World War II __knowledge__ RAF Coastal Command was a formation within the Royal Air Force (RAF).", "RAF Coastal Command during World War II __knowledge__ Founded in 1936, it was to act as the RAF maritime arm, after the Fleet Air Arm became part of the Royal Navy in 1937.", "RAF Coastal Command during World War II __knowledge__ Naval aviation was neglected in the inter-war period, 1919–1939, and as a consequence the service did not receive the resources it needed to develop properly or efficiently.", "RAF Coastal Command during World War II __knowledge__ This continued until the outbreak of the Second World War, during which it came to prominence.", "RAF Coastal Command during World War II __knowledge__ Owing to the Air Ministry's concentration on RAF Fighter Command and RAF Bomber Command, Coastal Command was often referred to as the \"Cinderella Service\", a phrase first used by the First Lord of the Admiralty at the time A V Alexander.", "Project Y __knowledge__ The Los Alamos Laboratory, also known as Project Y, was a secret laboratory established by the Manhattan Project and operated by the University of California during World War II.", "Project Y __knowledge__ Its mission was to design and build the first atomic bombs.", "Project Y __knowledge__ Robert Oppenheimer was its first director, from 1943 to December 1945, when he was succeeded by Norris Bradbury.", "Project Y __knowledge__ For scientists freely to discuss their work while preserving security, the laboratory was located in a remote part of New Mexico.", "Project Y __knowledge__ The wartime laboratory occupied buildings that had once been part of the Los Alamos Ranch School.", "Project Y __knowledge__ The development effort initially concentrated on a gun-type fission weapon using plutonium called Thin Man.", "List of St Helens R.F.C. players __knowledge__ This is a list of St Helens R.F.C.", "List of St Helens R.F.C. players __knowledge__ players.", "List of St Helens R.F.C. players __knowledge__ Players are listed alphabetically.", "List of St Helens R.F.C. players __knowledge__ Appearances are for first-team competitive matches only.", "List of St Helens R.F.C. players __knowledge__ Andrew Cain 1921 1921 N William Cale 1950 1954 Y David Campbell 1974 1977 Father of Christopher.", "List of St Helens R.F.C. players __knowledge__ Eventually became Grade 1 Senior Referee.", "List of St Helens R.F.C. players __knowledge__ Y John Canning 1979 1981 Y Brian Capewell 1996 1996 N Frank Carlton 1953 1960 Y Carney 1942 1942 N James Carney 1897 1905 N John Carr 1930 1931 N Michael Carrington 1988 1989 Y R Carter 1935 1936 N D Carter 1945 1946 N Peter Case 1944 1944 N George Case 1962 1962 Father of Brian Case, a GB International who was a Saints A Team Coach.", "Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia __knowledge__ The massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia (, literally: \"Volhynian slaughter\"; , \"Volyn tragedy\"), were part of an ethnic cleansing operation carried out in Nazi German-occupied Poland by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA)'s North Command in the regions of Volhynia (Reichskommissariat Ukraine) and their South Command in Eastern Galicia (General Government) beginning in March 1943 and lasting until the end of 1944.", "Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia __knowledge__ The peak of the genocide took place in July and August 1943.", "Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia __knowledge__ Most of the victims were women and children.", "Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia __knowledge__ UPA's methods were particularly savage, and resulted in 35,000–60,000 Polish deaths in Volhynia and 25,000–40,000 in Eastern Galicia, for the total of between 76,000 and 106,000 casualties.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ Nuclear physicist Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the actual bombs.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; \"Manhattan\" gradually superseded the official codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ Robert Anthony De Niro Jr. (; born August 17, 1943) is an American actor, producer, and director who holds both American and Italian citizenship.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro was cast as the young Vito Corleone in the 1974 film \"The Godfather Part II\", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His longtime collaboration with director Martin Scorsese earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Jake LaMotta in the 1980 film \"Raging Bull\".", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2003, the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2010, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro's first major film roles were in the sports drama \"Bang the Drum Slowly\" (1973) and Scorsese's crime film \"Mean Streets\" (1973).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ He earned Academy Award nominations for the psychological thrillers \"Taxi Driver\" (1976) and \"Cape Fear\" (1991), both directed by Scorsese.", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ De Niro received additional nominations for Michael Cimino's Vietnam war drama \"The Deer Hunter\" (1978), Penny Marshall's drama \"Awakenings\" (1990), and David O. Russell's romantic comedy-drama \"Silver Linings Playbook\" (2012).", "Robert De Niro __knowledge__ His portrayal of gangster Jimmy Conway in Scorsese's crime film \"Goodfellas\" (1990), and his role as Rupert Pupkin in the black comedy film \"The King of Comedy\" (1983), earned him BAFTA Award nominations.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Nora Aunor __knowledge__ Nora Aunor (born Nora Cabaltera Villamayor; May 21, 1953) is a Filipino actress, recording artist, and film producer.", "Nora Aunor __knowledge__ Aunor has also appeared in several stage plays, television shows, and concerts.", "Nora Aunor __knowledge__ She is known as Philippine cinema's Superstar and is regarded as the People's National Artist.", "Nora Aunor __knowledge__ \"The Hollywood reporter\" magazine, called her \"The Grand Dame of Philippine Cinema\" for her brilliant performance in the movie \"Taklub\".", "Nora Aunor __knowledge__ Aunor started her career in the Philippine entertainment industry as a singer after she won an amateur singing contest.", "Nora Aunor __knowledge__ She made her film debut with \"All Over the World (1967)\" and also guested in youth-oriented films produced by Vera-Perez Pictures and United Brothers Production.", "Cinema of the Philippines __knowledge__ The cinema of the Philippines (Filipino: \"Pelikulang Pilipino\" or \"Sine Pilipino\") began with the introduction of the first moving pictures to the country on January 1, 1897 at the \"Salón de Pertierra\" in Manila.", "Cinema of the Philippines __knowledge__ The following year, local scenes were shot on film for the first time by a Spaniard, Antonio Ramos, using the Lumiere Cinematograph.", "Cinema of the Philippines __knowledge__ Early filmmakers and producers in the country were mostly wealthy enterprising foreigners and expatriates, but by September 12, 1919, a silent feature film broke the grounds for Filipino filmmakers.", "Cinema of the Philippines __knowledge__ \"Dalagang Bukid (Country Maiden)\", a movie based on a popular musical play, was the first movie made and shown by Filipino filmmaker José Nepomuceno.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ I Love Lucy is an American television sitcom starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance, and William Frawley.", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ The black-and-white series originally ran from October 15, 1951 to May 6, 1957 on CBS.", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ After the series ended in 1957, a modified version continued for three more seasons with 13 one-hour specials; it ran from 1957 to 1960.", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ It was first known as \"The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show\" and later in reruns as \"The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour\".", "I Love Lucy __knowledge__ The show, which was the first scripted television program to be shot on 35 mm film in front of a studio audience, won five Emmy Awards and received numerous nominations.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Courtney Michelle Love (born Courtney Michelle Harrison; July 9, 1964) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and visual artist.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ A notable presence in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s, Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole, which she formed in 1989.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics, as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll, Love had an itinerant early life.", "List of Cardcaptor Sakura characters __knowledge__ This article covers the major characters of Clamp's manga \"Cardcaptor Sakura\" and its respective anime and movies.", "List of Cardcaptor Sakura characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime focused on Japanese schoolgirl Sakura Kinomoto who finds the magical Clow Book in her father's basement study, accidentally unleashing the magical Clow Cards loose across her hometown Tomoeda.", "List of Cardcaptor Sakura characters __knowledge__ Dubbed the Cardcaptor by the cards' guardian Cerberus (better known as Kero-chan), Sakura must wield the Clow Staff to capture the card spirits and turn them back into cards for her use.", "List of Cardcaptor Sakura characters __knowledge__ Sakura is aided by her best friend Tomoyo Daidouji, who creates battle costumes for her as well as videotaping her ventures as Cardcaptor; and later by Syaoran Li, a Chinese boy who is a direct descendant of the Clow Cards' creator Clow Reed.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Martin Charles Scorsese (; born November 17, 1942) is an American director, producer, screenwriter, and film historian, whose career spans more than 50 years.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Scorsese's body of work addresses such themes as Sicilian-American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption, faith, machismo, modern crime, and gang conflict.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Many of his films are also known for their depiction of violence and liberal use of profanity.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking, he is widely regarded as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers in cinematic history.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ In 1990, he founded The Film Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to film preservation, and in 2007 he founded the World Cinema Foundation.", "Mean Streets __knowledge__ Mean Streets is a 1973 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese and co-written by Scorsese and Mardik Martin.", "Mean Streets __knowledge__ The film stars Harvey Keitel and Robert De Niro.", "Mean Streets __knowledge__ It was released by Warner Bros. on October 2, 1973.", "Mean Streets __knowledge__ De Niro won the National Society of Film Critics award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as John \"Johnny Boy\" Civello.", "Mean Streets __knowledge__ In 1997, \"Mean Streets\" was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\".", "Mean Streets __knowledge__ Charlie (Harvey Keitel) is a young Italian-American man in New York City.", "Mean Streets (video game) __knowledge__ Mean Streets is a graphic adventure game developed and published by Access Software for MS-DOS and Commodore 64 in .", "Mean Streets (video game) __knowledge__ It was ported to the Atari ST and Amiga in but these ports were only released in Europe.", "Mean Streets (video game) __knowledge__ The game, set in dystopian cyberpunk neo-noir world, is the first in the series of \"Tex Murphy\" mysteries; its immediate sequel is \"Martian Memorandum\".", "Mean Streets (video game) __knowledge__ In 1998, \"Mean Streets\" was remade as \"\".", "Mean Streets (video game) __knowledge__ The player plays the role of Tex Murphy, a down-and-out private investigator living in post-apocalyptic San Francisco.", "Mean Streets (video game) __knowledge__ Tex is hired by a beautiful young woman named Sylvia Linsky to investigate the death of her father, Dr. Carl Linsky, a professor at the University of San Francisco.", "Tex Murphy __knowledge__ Tex Murphy is a series of adventure games designed by Chris Jones.", "Tex Murphy __knowledge__ The eponymous main character is portrayed in live-action by Chris Jones himself.", "Tex Murphy __knowledge__ He is characterized as a down-on-his-luck private investigator in a post-nuclear future San Francisco, borrowing tropes from both the film noir and cyberpunk genres.", "Tex Murphy __knowledge__ \"Mean Streets\" is the first game in the \"Tex Murphy\" series.", "Tex Murphy __knowledge__ Unlike later games in the series, it features segments in a variety of genres, including adventure game sequences, side-scrolling action sequences, and an open-world flight simulator.", "Tex Murphy __knowledge__ It was notable at the time as one of the first commercially available games to use 256-color VGA graphics, as well as for its \"RealSound\" technology that allowed recorded digital audio to be played back without the need for an external sound card.", "Jonathan Taplin __knowledge__ Jonathan Trumbull Taplin (born July 18, 1947) is an American writer, film producer and scholar.", "Jonathan Taplin __knowledge__ He was born in Cleveland, Ohio and has lived in Los Angeles since 1973.", "Jonathan Taplin __knowledge__ Taplin graduated from Princeton University in 1969 and is the Director Emeritus of the Annenberg Innovation Lab at the University of Southern California Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism.", "Jonathan Taplin __knowledge__ Taplin is married to the photographer Maggie Smith and has three children: Daniela Lundberg, a film producer; Nicholas Taplin, a recording engineer and Blythe Taplin, a human rights lawyer.", "Jonathan Taplin __knowledge__ Taplin's early production work included producing concerts for Bob Dylan and The Band.", "Down These Mean Streets __knowledge__ Down These Mean Streets is a memoir by Piri Thomas, a Latino of Puerto Rican and Cuban descent who grew up in El Barrio (aka Spanish Harlem), a section of Harlem that has a large Puerto Rican population.", "Down These Mean Streets __knowledge__ The book follows Piri as he goes through the first few decades of his life, lives in poverty, joins and fights with street gangs, faces racism (in both New York City and the South), suffers through heroin addiction, gets involved in crime, and ends up in prison.", "Down These Mean Streets __knowledge__ \"Down These Mean Streets\" is a memoir of experiences of racial prejudice and discrimination, identity formation, and youthful involvement with crime that leads to life-altering prison experiences.", "Kent L. Wakeford __knowledge__ Kent Lon Wakeford (born 1928) is an American cinematographer, the co-founder of Wakeford / Orloff Productions and founder of Kent Wakeford and Associates, two commercial production companies.", "Kent L. Wakeford __knowledge__ Wakeford is most known for working on Martin Scorsese's films Mean Streets and Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, as well as on the films Some Folks Call It a Sling Blade and Wedding Bell Blues.", "Kent L. Wakeford __knowledge__ Wakeford was born in 1928 and grew up in south Los Angeles.", "Kent L. Wakeford __knowledge__ While finishing up high school, Wakeford apprenticed with fashion photographer Earl Scott.", "Kent L. Wakeford __knowledge__ Following his apprenticeship, Wakeford landed a job as a cameraman at The Douglas Aircraft Company." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 1, 5, 0 ]

[ "He used to be much better. He was really good as young Vito in the Godfather 2", "He is still active. He got the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016.", "He was born in 1943", "His first movie was in 1973, it was called Mean Streets.", "Yeah that is a classic for sure." ]

[ "Robert De Niro", "Robert De Niro", "Robert De Niro", "Robert De Niro", "Robert De Niro" ]

[ "McDonald's", "I do not normally eat there, but sometimes I will on road trips. I like their Fillet O Fish. Do you like McDonalds?", "That is true. How do you feel about Wendy's? I have always thought they made slightly healthier options." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Road trip __knowledge__ A road trip is a long distance journey on the road.", "Road trip __knowledge__ Typically, road trips are long distances traveled by automobile.", "Road trip __knowledge__ The world's first recorded long distance road trip by automobile took place in Germany in August 1888 when Bertha Benz, the wife of Karl Benz, the inventor of the first patented motor car (the \"Benz Patent-Motorwagen\"), travelled from Mannheim to Pforzheim (a distance of ) in the third experimental Benz motor car (which had a maximum speed of ) and back, with her two teenage sons Richard and Eugen, but without the consent and knowledge of her husband.", "Road trip __knowledge__ Her official reason was that she wanted to visit her mother but unofficially she intended to generate publicity for her husband's invention (which had only been used on short test drives before), which succeeded as the automobile took off greatly afterwards and the Benz's family business eventually evolved into the present day Mercedes-Benz company.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2 __knowledge__ Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.", "Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2 __knowledge__ The 14th of the \"Road Trips\" series of archival releases, it was recorded on March 31 and April 1, 1988, at the Brendan Byrne Arena in East Rutherford, New Jersey.", "Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2 __knowledge__ It was released as a three disc CD on February 1, 2011.", "Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2 __knowledge__ \"Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2\", subtitled \"April Fools' '88\", includes the complete April 1 concert, along with the second set, encore, and two songs from the first set of the March 31 concert.", "Road Trips Volume 4 Number 2 __knowledge__ It was only the second live Dead album that was recorded in 1988; the first was \"Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 5\".", "Fish company __knowledge__ A fish company is a company which specializes in the processing of fish products.", "Fish company __knowledge__ Fish that are processed by a fish company include cod, hake, haddock, tuna, herring, mackerel, salmon and pollock.", "Fish company __knowledge__ The United States, China, Peru and Chile have the highest number of fish companies specializing in fish processing.", "Fish company __knowledge__ The Northwest Pacific Ocean is considered to be the most vital fishing zone in terms of volume caught and processed which results in the United States being regarded as the number one fish producing country.", "Fish company __knowledge__ In developing countries, the livelihood of over 500 million people depends on fish and seafood products.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Road Trips Volume 3 Number 4 __knowledge__ Road Trips Volume 3 Number 4 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.", "Road Trips Volume 3 Number 4 __knowledge__ The 12th of the \"Road Trips\" series of archival releases, it was recorded on May 6, 1980, at Recreation Hall, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, and on May 7, 1980, at Barton Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.", "Road Trips Volume 3 Number 4 __knowledge__ It was released on September 7, 2010.", "Road Trips Volume 3 Number 4 __knowledge__ \"Road Trips Volume 3 Number 4\" was the second \"Road Trips\" album, after \"Volume 3 Number 3\", to contain three CDs; each of the previous entries in the series had contained two CDs.", "Road Trips Volume 3 Number 4 __knowledge__ It was the first \"Road Trips\" to be released without a bonus disc.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Advertising to children is the act of marketing or [advertising] products or services to children as defined by national legislation and advertising standards.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ It is often the subject of debate, relating to the alleged influence on children’s consumption.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Laws concerning such advertisements have largely evolved in recent years.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In most countries, advertising for children is framed by a mix of legislation and advertising self-regulation.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, the compulsory education of children was established.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Consequently, children began to be targeted by an increasing number of publications.Commercial appeals to children, however, did not become commonplace until the advent and widespread adoption of television and grew exponentially with the advent of cable television.", "Food marketing __knowledge__ Food marketing brings together the food producer and the consumer through a chain of marketing activities.", "Food marketing __knowledge__ The marketing of even a single food product can be a complicated process involving many producers and companies.", "Food marketing __knowledge__ For example, fifty-six companies are involved in making one can of chicken noodle soup.", "Food marketing __knowledge__ These businesses include not only chicken and vegetable processors but also the companies that transport the ingredients and those who print labels and manufacture cans.", "Food marketing __knowledge__ The food marketing system is the largest direct and indirect nongovernment employer in the United States.", "Food marketing __knowledge__ Pomeranz & Adler, 2015, define food marketing is defined as a chain of marketing activities that take place within the food system between a food organisation and the consumer.", "Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity __knowledge__ The Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity is a non-profit research and public policy organization devoted to improving the world’s diet, preventing obesity, and reducing weight stigma.", "Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity __knowledge__ Located in Hartford, Connecticut at The University of Connecticut, the Rudd Center was co-founded in March 2005 at Yale University by benefactor Leslie Rudd and Kelly D. Brownell, Ph.D.", "Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity __knowledge__ The Rudd Center moved from Yale to the University of Connecticut in December 2014.", "Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity __knowledge__ According to the Center website, \"The Rudd Center serves as a leader in building broad-based consensus to change diet and activity patterns, while holding industry and government agencies responsible for safeguarding public health.", "Childhood obesity in Australia __knowledge__ Obesity is defined as the excessive accumulation of fat and is predominantly caused when there is an energy imbalance between calorie consumption and calorie expenditure.", "Childhood obesity in Australia __knowledge__ Childhood obesity is becoming an increasing concern worldwide, and Australia alone recognizes that 1 in 4 children are either overweight or obese.", "Childhood obesity in Australia __knowledge__ For Australians aged between 4 and 17 years, obesity is a very concerning condition as once gained it is favourably harder to be liberated from.", "Childhood obesity in Australia __knowledge__ Short-term effects on children can mean a decrease in their psychological well-being (stigmatisation and poor self-esteem) as well as physical deteriorations such as sleep apnea, breathlessness and cardiovascular disease.", "Download Festival __knowledge__ Download Festival is a British rock festival, held annually at Donington Park in Leicestershire, England, since 2003.", "Download Festival __knowledge__ It is the most popular British summer rock and heavy metal festival and has hosted some of the genres' biggest names, including Saxon, Black Sabbath, Slipknot, Metallica, Iron Maiden, Motörhead, Aerosmith, AC/DC, Def Leppard, Kiss, Judas Priest, Status Quo, Mötley Crüe, Journey, ZZ Top, Whitesnake, Thin Lizzy, Faith No More, and Guns N' Roses.", "Download Festival __knowledge__ The 2015 festival featured massive technological surveillance by police in conjunction with festival organizers Live Nation UK.", "Download Festival __knowledge__ RFID wristbands and facial recognition technology was used to compare visual scans of attendees against a European criminal database.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Junk food is a pejorative term for food containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little fibre, protein, vitamins or minerals.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Junk food can also refer to high protein food like meat prepared with saturated fat.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Food from many hamburger outlets, pizza and fried chicken outlets is often considered as junk food.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Concerns about the negative health effects resulting from a \"junk food\"-heavy diet, especially obesity, have resulted in public health awareness campaigns, and restrictions on advertising and sale in several countries..", "Junk food __knowledge__ The term \"junk food\" dates back at least to the early 1950s, although it has been reported that it was coined in 1972 by Michael F. Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest.", "Childhood obesity __knowledge__ Childhood obesity is a condition where excess body fat negatively affects a child's health or well-being.", "Childhood obesity __knowledge__ As methods to determine body fat directly are difficult, the diagnosis of obesity is often based on BMI.", "Childhood obesity __knowledge__ Due to the rising prevalence of obesity in children and its many adverse health effects it is being recognized as a serious public health concern.", "Childhood obesity __knowledge__ The term overweight rather than obese is often used in children as it is less stigmatizing.", "Childhood obesity __knowledge__ Body mass index (BMI) is acceptable for determining obesity for children two years of age and older.", "Childhood obesity __knowledge__ It is determined by the ratio of weight to height." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Criticism of fast food includes claimed negative health effects, alleged animal cruelty, cases of worker exploitation, and claims of cultural degradation via shifts in people's eating patterns away from traditional foods.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Fast food chains have come under fire from consumer groups, such as the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a longtime fast food critic over issues such as caloric content, trans fats and portion sizes.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Social scientists have highlighted how the prominence of fast food narratives in popular urban legends suggests that modern consumers have an ambivalent relationship (characterized by guilt) with fast food, particularly in relation to children.", "Food studies __knowledge__ Food studies is the critical examination of food and its contexts within science, art, history, society, and other fields.", "Food studies __knowledge__ It is distinctive from other food-related areas of study such as nutrition, agriculture, gastronomy, and culinary arts in that it tends to look beyond the mere consumption, production, and aesthetic appreciation of food and tries to illuminate food as it relates to a vast number of academic fields.", "Food studies __knowledge__ It is thus a field that involves and attracts philosophers, historians, scientists, literary scholars, sociologists, art historians, anthropologists, and others.", "Food studies __knowledge__ This is an interdisciplinary and emerging field, and as such there is a substantial crossover between academic and popular work.", "Roscoea nepalensis __knowledge__ Roscoea nepalensis is a perennial herbaceous plant found in Nepal.", "Roscoea nepalensis __knowledge__ Most members of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), to which it belongs, are tropical, but \"R. nepalensis\", like other species of \"Roscoea\", grows in much colder mountainous regions.", "Roscoea nepalensis __knowledge__ \"Roscoea nepalensis\" is a perennial herbaceous plant.", "Roscoea nepalensis __knowledge__ Like all members of the genus \"Roscoea\", it dies back each year to a short vertical rhizome, to which are attached the tuberous roots.", "Roscoea nepalensis __knowledge__ When growth begins again, \"pseudostems\" are produced: structures which resemble stems but are actually formed from the tightly wrapped bases (sheaths) of its leaves.", "Tropical Smoothie Cafe __knowledge__ Tropical Smoothie Cafe, sometimes referred to as simply Tropical Smoothie, is a restaurant franchise in the United States.", "Tropical Smoothie Cafe __knowledge__ In addition to smoothies, the cafes offer sandwiches, wraps, salads, flat breads, and introduced bowls to their food line in 2017.", "Tropical Smoothie Cafe __knowledge__ Tropical Smoothie Cafe currently operates more than 630 locations nationwide.", "Tropical Smoothie Cafe __knowledge__ Tropical Smoothie began as a smoothie shop in 1993 along the panhandle of Florida.", "Tropical Smoothie Cafe __knowledge__ Tropical Smoothie Franchise Development Corporation was founded in 1997 in Destin, Florida, and the first franchised store opened in 1998 in Tallahassee, Florida.", "Tropical Smoothie Cafe __knowledge__ Currently, Tropical Smoothie Cafe is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Junk food is a pejorative term for food containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little fibre, protein, vitamins or minerals.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Junk food can also refer to high protein food like meat prepared with saturated fat.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Food from many hamburger outlets, pizza and fried chicken outlets is often considered as junk food.", "Junk food __knowledge__ Concerns about the negative health effects resulting from a \"junk food\"-heavy diet, especially obesity, have resulted in public health awareness campaigns, and restrictions on advertising and sale in several countries..", "Junk food __knowledge__ The term \"junk food\" dates back at least to the early 1950s, although it has been reported that it was coined in 1972 by Michael F. Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Advertising to children is the act of marketing or [advertising] products or services to children as defined by national legislation and advertising standards.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ It is often the subject of debate, relating to the alleged influence on children’s consumption.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Laws concerning such advertisements have largely evolved in recent years.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In most countries, advertising for children is framed by a mix of legislation and advertising self-regulation.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, the compulsory education of children was established.", "Advertising to children __knowledge__ Consequently, children began to be targeted by an increasing number of publications.Commercial appeals to children, however, did not become commonplace until the advent and widespread adoption of television and grew exponentially with the advent of cable television.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Fat tax __knowledge__ A fat tax is a tax or surcharge that is placed upon fattening food, beverages or on overweight individuals.", "Fat tax __knowledge__ It is considered an example of Pigovian taxation.", "Fat tax __knowledge__ A fat tax aims to discourage unhealthy diets and offset the economic costs of obesity.", "Fat tax __knowledge__ A fat tax aims to decrease the consumption of foods that are linked to obesity.", "Fat tax __knowledge__ A related idea is to tax foods that are linked to increased risk of coronary heart disease.", "Fat tax __knowledge__ Numerous studies suggest that as the price of a food decreases, individuals get fatter.", "Fat tax __knowledge__ In fact, eating behavior may be more responsive to price increases than to nutritional education.", "Fast food advertising __knowledge__ Fast food advertising promotes fast food products and utilizes numerous aspects to reach out to the public.", "Fast food advertising __knowledge__ Along with automobiles, insurance, retail outlets, and consumer electronics, fast food is among the most heavily advertised sectors of the United States economy; spending over 4.6 billion dollars on advertising in 2012.", "Fast food advertising __knowledge__ A 2013 \"Ad Age\" compilation of the 25 largest U.S. advertisers ranked McDonald's as the fourth-largest advertiser (spending US$957,000,000 on measurable advertisements in 2012) and Subway as the nineteenth largest (US$516,000,000).", "Fast food advertising __knowledge__ Fast food advertising campaigns have changed their intent over time.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ Since its predecessor's inception in 1953, Burger King has used several variations of franchising to expand its operations.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar." ] ]

[ 8, 67, 11 ]

[ "I remember when McDonalds got slammed for making unhealthy foods. Now they are doing better. You ever eat there?", "Yes I do. They make a Baconhouse Burger that is pretty good. But in the end it is still junk food with that ridiculous high protein.", "Yes they do offer some better options, but fast food is always going to be criticized for calories and trans fats sadly." ]

[ "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's" ]