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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which penetration loss model is applicable to UMa and UMi-Street Canyon scenarios?
option 1: Low-loss model
option 2: High-loss model
option 3: Both low-loss and high-loss models
option 4: No penetration loss model
### Response:
option 3: Both low-loss and high-loss models
explanation :Both low-loss and high-loss models are applicable to UMa and UMi-Street Canyon scenarios.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
How is the RB set for the PUSCH transmission determined when using RB set allocation?
option 1: By the number of RBs in the initial UL BWP
option 2: By the frequency hopping flag
option 3: By the RB set of the PRACH transmission
option 4: By the number of repetitions for the PUSCH transmission
### Response:
option 3: By the RB set of the PRACH transmission
explanation :For RB set allocation of a PUSCH transmission, the RB set of the active UL BWP is the RB set of the PRACH transmission associated with the RAR UL grant.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What does a '0' value for the Wake-up indication bit, when reported to higher layers, indicate?
option 1: To start the drx-onDurationTimer for the next long DRX cycle.
option 2: To not start the drx-onDurationTimer for the next long DRX cycle.
option 3: To activate the dormantBWP-Id for the UE.
option 4: To activate the firstOutsideActiveTimeBWP-Id for the UE.
### Response:
option 2: To not start the drx-onDurationTimer for the next long DRX cycle.
explanation :A '0' value for the Wake-up indication bit indicates to not start the drx-onDurationTimer for the next long DRX cycle.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What does the NWDAF derive when the Analytics target period is in the future?
option 1: QoS change statistics
option 2: QoS requirements
option 3: Predictions for potential QoS changes
option 4: Location information
option 5: UE device and context information
### Response:
option 3: Predictions for potential QoS changes
explanation :When the Analytics target period is in the future, the NWDAF detects the need for notification about a potential QoS change based on comparing the expected values for the KPI of the target 5QI against the Reporting Threshold(s) and provides predictions for potential QoS changes in the response or notification on 'QoS Sustainability'.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the purpose of the Provision of potential TRS/CSI-RS occasion(s) to idle/inactive-mode UEs?
option 1: To reduce UE power consumption during data scheduling
option 2: To reduce UE power consumption for PDCCH monitoring
option 3: To reduce UE power consumption for RLM and/or BFD measurements
option 4: To reduce UE power consumption for synchronization
option 5: To reduce UE power consumption during subframe transmission
### Response:
option 4: To reduce UE power consumption for synchronization
explanation :The purpose of providing TRS/CSI-RS occasions to idle/inactive-mode UEs is to reduce UE power consumption for synchronization.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What can a Target UE subscription profile specify?
option 1: Location Quality of Service (QoS) requirements
option 2: Location information in a standard format
option 3: Location service components and bearers
option 4: External user entities connected to the LCS Client
option 5: Positioning parameters for the Positioning function
### Response:
option 1: Location Quality of Service (QoS) requirements
explanation :A Target UE subscription profile can specify the particular LCS-related restrictions associated with each Target UE, including location Quality of Service (QoS) requirements.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is a Premises Radio Access Station (PRAS)?
option 1: A network located within a residence, office or shop that provides connectivity to the 5G network.
option 2: A network owned, installed, and configured by a public network operator.
option 3: A network that consists of PIN Elements and communicates using PIN Direct Connection.
option 4: A base station installed in a CPN for UEs to access the CPN and/or 5G network services.
option 5: A PIN Element that provides a means for an authorized administrator to configure and manage a PIN.
### Response:
option 4: A base station installed in a CPN for UEs to access the CPN and/or 5G network services.
explanation :A Premises Radio Access Station (PRAS) is described as a base station installed in a CPN through which UEs can get access to the CPN and/or 5G network services.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the purpose of the SCP (Service Communication Proxy) in the Service-Based Architecture?
option 1: To enable indirect communication between NF and NF Services
option 2: To facilitate communication between the HSS and the UDR
option 3: To provide service-based interfaces for interactions between 5GC and IMS
option 4: To enable 5G migration towards the UDM/UDR architecture
### Response:
option 1: To enable indirect communication between NF and NF Services
explanation :The SCP enables the indirect communication between NF and NF Services in the Service-Based Architecture.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
How is the time reference provided to users broadcasted in LTE?
option 1: Via a dedicated RRC signalling
option 2: Using the GPS/UTC time format
option 3: Via SIB16
option 4: Through a synchronization channel
### Response:
option 3: Via SIB16
explanation :The time reference provided to users is broadcasted in LTE via SystemInformationBlockType16 (SIB16).
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the main characteristic of the 5GC architecture?
option 1: Deeper use of Network Slicing
option 2: Mobile Edge Computing
option 3: Network Capability Exposure
option 4: Service-Based Architecture
### Response:
option 4: Service-Based Architecture
explanation :The 5GC architecture relies on a Service-Based Architecture (SBA) framework, where the architecture elements are defined in terms of Network Functions (NFs).
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the PDCCH-based power saving signal/channel for wake-up purpose?
option 1: To provide assistance information to the network
option 2: To skip the PDCCH during the next occurrence of the drx-onDurationTimer
option 3: To indicate UE preference of transitioning out of RRC_CONNECTED state
option 4: To reduce PDCCH monitoring on activated SCells
option 5: To monitor the PDCCH during the next occurrence of the drx-onDurationTimer
### Response:
option 5: To monitor the PDCCH during the next occurrence of the drx-onDurationTimer
explanation :The PDCCH-based power saving signal/channel for wake-up purpose is used to indicate the UE to wake up and monitor the PDCCH during the next occurrence of the drx-onDurationTimer.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which of the following functions are included in the mobility functions of the RRC sublayer?
option 1: Handover and context transfer
option 2: UE cell selection and reselection
option 3: Control of cell selection and reselection
option 4: Inter-RAT mobility
option 5: All of the above
### Response:
option 5: All of the above
explanation :The mobility functions of the RRC sublayer include handover and context transfer, UE cell selection and reselection, control of cell selection and reselection, and inter-RAT mobility.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which keys are derived from KgNB for the protection of UP traffic between ME and gNB?
option 1: KNASint and KNASenc
option 2: KUPint and KUPenc
option 3: KRRCint and KRRCenc
option 4: KgNB and NH
option 5: NH and KAMF
### Response:
option 2: KUPint and KUPenc
explanation :Keys KUPint and KUPenc are derived from KgNB for the protection of UP traffic between ME and gNB.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of MDT data collection?
option 1: To optimize resource usage in the RAN
option 2: To capture user consent related to privacy
option 3: To provide performance measurements on the Shared E-UTRAN/NG-RAN
option 4: To improve signal strength for UEs
### Response:
option 3: To provide performance measurements on the Shared E-UTRAN/NG-RAN
explanation :MDT data from a Participating Operator's customer UEs allow the Hosting E-UTRAN/NG-RAN Operator to be provided with performance measurements on his Shared E-UTRAN/NG-RAN.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What physical layer measurement quantity can be used for sidelink?
option 1: RSRP
option 2: RSRQ
option 3: RSSI
option 4: CQI
option 5: UL SINR
### Response:
option 3: RSSI
explanation :Sidelink received signal strength indicator (SL RSSI) can be used as a measurement quantity for sidelink.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which identity is used for Semi-Persistent Scheduling in the downlink or configured grant in the uplink?
option 1: C-RNTI
option 2: CI-RNTI
option 3: CS-RNTI
option 4: INT-RNTI
option 5: P-RNTI
### Response:
option 3: CS-RNTI
explanation :CS-RNTI is used for Semi-Persistent Scheduling in the downlink or configured grant in the uplink.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What type of bearer is used for IMS Signalling and IMS voice in the NSA architecture?
option 1: Master Cell Group bearer
option 2: Secondary Cell Group bearer
option 3: Split bearer
option 4: Primary Cell Group bearer
option 5: None of the above
### Response:
option 2: Secondary Cell Group bearer
explanation :IMS Signalling and IMS voice in the NSA architecture use Secondary Cell Group bearers.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the maximum value for the false alarm probability for PRACH detection?
option 1: 0.1%
option 2: 1%
option 3: 5%
option 4: 10%
### Response:
option 1: 0.1%
explanation :The false alarm probability for PRACH detection shall be less than or equal to 0.1%.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What are the MuD and MiD services used for?
option 1: To allow another user to use one or more of its identities
option 2: To support the increasing number of smart devices with call capabilities
option 3: To distribute calls to any member of a group or firm
option 4: To provide a consistent user experience for multi-device and multi-identity use cases
option 5: To realize IMS enhancement for Multi-device and multi-identity
### Response:
option 4: To provide a consistent user experience for multi-device and multi-identity use cases
explanation :The MuD and MiD services are used to provide a consistent user experience for multi-device and multi-identity use cases.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which performance criterion is used to minimize cell congestion in the Evolved Packet System?
option 1: Reduced network complexity
option 2: Steering of roaming methods
option 3: Mixed traffic support
option 4: Enhanced load balancing
### Response:
option 4: Enhanced load balancing
explanation :The system shall be capable of supporting large volumes of mixed e.g. voice, data and multimedia traffic. Enhanced load balancing and steering of roaming methods should be used to minimize cell congestion.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What does the UE do when 3GPP PS Data Off is activated?
option 1: Informs the network that 3GPP PS Data Off is activated
option 2: Ceases the sending of uplink IP Packets of all services
option 3: Ceases the sending of uplink traffic over non-IP PDN types
option 4: All of the above
### Response:
option 4: All of the above
explanation :When 3GPP PS Data Off is activated in the UE, it informs the network, ceases the sending of uplink IP Packets of all services, and ceases the sending of uplink traffic over non-IP PDN types.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What does SL DRX stand for in the context of NR Sidelink?
option 1: Sidelink Directional Resource Control
option 2: Sidelink Data Retransmission and Retransmission Timer
option 3: Sidelink Dynamic Radio Connection
option 4: Sidelink Discontinuous Reception
option 5: Sidelink Distributed Resource Allocation
### Response:
option 4: Sidelink Discontinuous Reception
explanation :SL DRX stands for Sidelink Discontinuous Reception in the context of NR Sidelink.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
How can RF (radio frequency) interference between aerial and ground users be minimized in the 3GPP network?
option 1: Using multiple antennas and beamforming
option 2: Using open loop and closed loop power control
option 3: Using new scheduling, admission, and congestion control mechanisms
option 4: All of the above
option 5: None of the above
### Response:
option 4: All of the above
explanation :RF interference between aerial and ground users can be minimized by using multiple antennas and beamforming, open loop and closed loop power control, and new scheduling, admission, and congestion control mechanisms.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What type of information is transferred in the TL-Container?
option 1: InterfaceConfiguration
option 2: EndStationInterfaces
option 3: Buffer capability
option 4: All of the above
### Response:
option 4: All of the above
explanation :The TL-Container can transfer InterfaceConfiguration, EndStationInterfaces, and Buffer capability information between the SMF/CUC and AN-TL or CN-TL.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the work item related to group based enhancements in the network capability exposure functions?
option 1: To reduce the signaling burden in handling a high number of UEs
option 2: To improve operator control using new UE configuration parameters
option 3: To specify the management concepts, architecture, requirements and procedures for CM, FM, PM, LCM
option 4: To enable cross-operator accounting based on consumed data volume
### Response:
option 1: To reduce the signaling burden in handling a high number of UEs
explanation :The work item related to group based enhancements in the network capability exposure functions aims to reduce the signaling burden when dealing with a high number of UEs, such as IoT devices.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which error sources are studied for timing-based positioning methods?
option 1: TRP/UE measurements errors.
option 2: Error in assistance data.
option 3: TRP/UE Timing error.
option 4: All of the above.
option 5: None of the above.
### Response:
option 4: All of the above.
explanation :The error sources studied for timing-based positioning methods include TRP/UE measurements errors, error in assistance data, and TRP/UE timing error.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the responsibility of the NG-RAN regarding the maximum UP integrity protection data rate?
option 1: To negotiate the maximum data rate with the UE
option 2: To inform the SMF if the maximum data rate is exceeded
option 3: To strictly enforce the maximum data rate
option 4: To reject the establishment of UP resources if it cannot support the maximum data rate
option 5: To adjust the maximum data rate based on network congestion
### Response:
option 3: To strictly enforce the maximum data rate
explanation :It is the responsibility of the NG-RAN to enforce that the maximum UP integrity protection data rate delivered to the UE in the downlink does not exceed the maximum supported data rate for integrity protection.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
How is the SCG of the UE suspended in RRC_INACTIVE state?
option 1: The CU of SN sends the UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND
option 2: The CU of SN sends the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE
option 3: The DU of SN sends the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE
option 4: The CU of SN sends the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST
option 5: The DU of SN sends the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST
### Response:
option 5: The DU of SN sends the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST
explanation :The CU of SN sends the UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message to the DU of SN to suspend the SCG of the UE.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is Non-Seamless WLAN offload (NSWO) in the context of 5GS?
option 1: A network function that supports authentication for NSWO
option 2: A capability of a UE to route specific IP flows via WLAN access
option 3: A service-based interface for NSWO authentication
option 4: A configuration for NSWO roaming
### Response:
option 2: A capability of a UE to route specific IP flows via WLAN access
explanation :NSWO is an optional capability of a UE supporting WLAN radio access, allowing it to route specific IP flows via WLAN access without going through the 3GPP core network.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What type of measurements does the Performance Measurement Function (PMF) support for ATSSS-LL functionality?
option 1: Latency measurements
option 2: Quality of Service (QoS) measurements
option 3: Throughput measurements
option 4: Availability measurements
option 5: Round Trip Time (RTT) measurements
### Response:
option 5: Round Trip Time (RTT) measurements
explanation :The document mentions that the PMF supports RTT measurements per access when the 'Smallest Delay' steering mode is used to assist access selection.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which IE includes the sidelink pre-configured parameters used for NR sidelink communication?
option 1: SL-PreconfigurationNR
option 2: SL-TxProfile-r17
option 3: SL-AccessInfo-L2U2N-r17
option 4: SL-RoHC-Profiles-r16
### Response:
option 1: SL-PreconfigurationNR
explanation :The IE SL-PreconfigurationNR includes the sidelink pre-configured parameters used for NR sidelink communication.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What authentication method does the 5G system support for legacy non-3GPP devices accessing a 5G LAN-VN?
option 1: Biometrics
option 2: Alternative authentication methods
option 3: 3GPP credentials
option 4: Non-3GPP identities and credentials
option 5: EAP framework
### Response:
option 3: 3GPP credentials
explanation :The 5G system supports authentication of legacy non-3GPP devices for 5G LAN-VN access using 3GPP credentials.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What does the Work Item for eMBMS enhancements address?
option 1: Mobile network interface for MBMS delivery
option 2: System architecture enhancements for TV service
option 3: Improved streaming QoE reporting
option 4: Media handling aspects of multi-stream multiparty conferencing
### Response:
option 2: System architecture enhancements for TV service
explanation :The eMBMS enhancements Work Item addresses the requirements of TV broadcasters to make the 3GPP broadcast and unicast platforms better suited for distributing TV content.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of N4 session management procedures?
option 1: To control the functionality of the SMF
option 2: To control the functionality of the UPF
option 3: To establish N4 sessions between the SMF and UPF
option 4: To report events from the UPF to the SMF
option 5: To release N4 session contexts in the UPF
### Response:
option 2: To control the functionality of the UPF
explanation :N4 session management procedures are used to control the functionality of the UPF.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What are the power components recommended to be considered for RRM measurement power saving evaluation in the CONNECTED state?
option 1: Sleep
option 2: PDCCH-only monitoring during active time
option 3: SSB measurement
option 4: Neighboring cell search
option 5: Loop convergence (AGC, TTL & FTL) / time-frequency tracking
### Response:
option 5: Loop convergence (AGC, TTL & FTL) / time-frequency tracking
explanation :Loop convergence (AGC, TTL & FTL) / time-frequency tracking are the recommended power components to be considered in the CONNECTED state.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
When are the 3GPP Data Off Exempt Services enforced in the IMS domain?
option 1: When the non-Allowed Area reporting procedure is initiated.
option 2: During inter-LADN mobility procedures.
option 3: During the ATSSS Control procedure.
option 4: When the 3GPP Data Off status of the UE is set to 'activated'.
### Response:
option 4: When the 3GPP Data Off status of the UE is set to 'activated'.
explanation :For the IMS services, the 3GPP Data Off Exempt Services are enforced in the IMS domain when the 3GPP Data Off status of the UE is set to 'activated'.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which entities are dedicated for interworking between 5GS and EPC?
option 1: PGW and SMF/UPF
option 2: UPF and PGW-U
option 3: PGW-C and SMF
option 4: SMF and UPF
### Response:
option 2: UPF and PGW-U
explanation :UPF and PGW-U are dedicated for interworking between 5GS and EPC, based on UE MM Core Network Capability and UE subscription.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What does the feature 'Enhancements to LTE operation in unlicensed spectrum' enable?
option 1: QoS differentiation for better user experience
option 2: Extended reach of the ProSe framework
option 3: Integration of selected WLAN direct discovery technologies
option 4: Efficient use of UL resources on unlicensed spectrum
### Response:
option 4: Efficient use of UL resources on unlicensed spectrum
explanation :The feature 'Enhancements to LTE operation in unlicensed spectrum' enables more efficient use of UL resources on unlicensed spectrum.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the maximum tolerable packet loss rate for reliability of V2X application messages?
option 1: 10%
option 2: 5%
option 3: 3%
option 4: 1%
### Response:
option 4: 1%
explanation :The document states that the maximum tolerable packet loss rate for reliability of V2X application messages should not exceed 1%.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the function of the Home Subscriber Server (HSS)?
option 1: To provide support to the call control servers.
option 2: To hold user identification and numbering information.
option 3: To generate user security information.
option 4: To support the authentication procedures.
option 5: To provide access to service profile data.
### Response:
option 1: To provide support to the call control servers.
explanation :The HSS provides support to the call control servers in order to complete the routing/roaming procedures.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What should a 5G Visited Mobile Network have in order to allow a UE with a 5G subscription to roam into it?
option 1: A roaming agreement with the UE's 5G Home Mobile Network
option 2: Support for establishing home network
option 3: Support for services provided in the home network
option 4: Access to a partnership network
### Response:
option 1: A roaming agreement with the UE's 5G Home Mobile Network
explanation :A 5G Visited Mobile Network should have a roaming agreement with the UE's 5G Home Mobile Network to allow the UE to roam into it.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the definition of in-channel selectivity (ICS)?
option 1: The measure of the receiver's ability to receive a wanted signal in the presence of an interfering signal in the received SAN channel bandwidth.
option 2: The measure of the receiver's ability to receive the wanted signal at its assigned channel frequency in the presence of an adjacent channel signal.
option 3: The measure of the receiver's ability to receive the wanted signal at its assigned resource block locations in the presence of an interfering signal at a larger power spectral density.
option 4: The measure of the receiver's ability to receive a wanted signal in the presence of a spurious emission.
option 5: The measure of the receiver's ability to receive a wanted signal in the presence of an unwanted interferer out of the operating band.
### Response:
option 3: The measure of the receiver's ability to receive the wanted signal at its assigned resource block locations in the presence of an interfering signal at a larger power spectral density.
explanation :The document defines in-channel selectivity (ICS) as a measure of the receiver's ability to receive the wanted signal at its assigned resource block locations in the presence of an interfering signal at a larger power spectral density.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the relative increase in free space path loss from 43.5 GHz to 48.2 GHz?
option 1: 0.33 dB
option 2: 0.9 dB
option 3: 3.5 dB
option 4: 7.7 dB
### Response:
option 2: 0.9 dB
explanation :The relative increase in free space path loss from 43.5 GHz to 48.2 GHz is 0.9 dB.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What location information can be provided in the request for QoS Sustainability analytics?
option 1: Area Of Interest in coarse granularity
option 2: Area Of Interest in fine granularity
option 3: Path of Interest in coarse granularity
option 4: Path of Interest in fine granularity
option 5: Both Area Of Interest in coarse granularity and Path of Interest in fine granularity
### Response:
option 5: Both Area Of Interest in coarse granularity and Path of Interest in fine granularity
explanation :The location information can be either an Area Of Interest in coarse granularity or Path of Interest in fine granularity, or both.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What are the supported functionality of the RN?
option 1: RRC, NAS, and physical layer functionality
option 2: S1 and X2 protocol termination
option 3: Serving UEs and NNSF support
option 4: Configuration and reconfiguration of RN subframe
option 5: Inter-cell handover
### Response:
option 1: RRC, NAS, and physical layer functionality
explanation :The RN supports a subset of the UE functionality, including RRC, NAS, and physical layer functionality.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the definition of OTA occupied bandwidth?
option 1: The measure of the difference between the actual SAN transmit frequency and the assigned frequency.
option 2: The difference between the power of an RE and the average RE power for a SAN at maximum output power.
option 3: The difference between the maximum and the minimum transmit power of an OFDM symbol for a specified reference condition.
option 4: The width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage of the total mean transmitted power.
option 5: The ratio of the filtered mean power centered on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centered on an adjacent channel frequency.
### Response:
option 4: The width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage of the total mean transmitted power.
explanation :The OTA occupied bandwidth is the width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage of the total mean transmitted power.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is considered for evaluation purpose in the energy consumption modeling for a BS?
option 1: Multiple power state(s)
option 2: Reference configuration
option 3: Scaling method
option 4: All of the above
### Response:
option 4: All of the above
explanation :The energy consumption modeling for a BS for evaluation purpose includes reference configuration, multiple power state(s), and scaling method.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the Signalling gateway function?
option 1: To interconnect different signalling networks
option 2: To provide voice and other CS-domain services
option 3: To support charging and billing mechanisms
option 4: To facilitate communications with packet data networks and applications
option 5: To enable Proximity-based Services
### Response:
option 1: To interconnect different signalling networks
explanation :The Signalling gateway function is used to interconnect different signalling networks.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the purpose of the extended work item on 8K Television over 5G?
option 1: To define HEVC-based 8K TV operation point and media decoding capabilities
option 2: To improve the distribution of 8K TV content with 5G
option 3: To support higher decoding capabilities in TV and mobile device
option 4: To specify ISO BMFF encapsulation and DASH signalling for 8K TV
option 5: To conduct trials and produce content in 8K
### Response:
option 1: To define HEVC-based 8K TV operation point and media decoding capabilities
explanation :The work item specifies an HEVC-based 8K TV operation point in TS 26.116 and the corresponding media decoding capabilities for 5GMS in TS 26.511.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
In supporting an MA PDU Session, what does Rel-17 enable in terms of 3GPP access over EPC?
option 1: Direct connection of 3GPP access to 5GC
option 2: Establishment of user-plane resources over EPC
option 3: Use of NG-RAN access for all user-plane traffic
option 4: Exclusive use of a non-3GPP access for user-plane traffic
### Response:
option 2: Establishment of user-plane resources over EPC
explanation :Rel-17 enables the establishment of user-plane resources over EPC for 3GPP access in supporting an MA PDU Session, allowing for simultaneous traffic over EPC and non-3GPP access.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the NG-C interface in the NG-RAN architecture?
option 1: Transport of user plane data towards the UPF
option 2: Transport of control plane information towards the AMF
option 3: Transport of NAS messages
option 4: Configuration transfer
option 5: UE mobility management
### Response:
option 2: Transport of control plane information towards the AMF
explanation :The NG-C interface is defined between the NG-RAN node and the AMF and provides functions such as transport of control plane information towards the AMF.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What are the system properties required for 5G systems to be suitable for automation in vertical domains?
option 1: Reliability, availability, and maintainability
option 2: Flexibility, safety, and integrity
option 3: Dependability, reliability, and maintainability
option 4: Availability, safety, and integrity
option 5: Reliability, availability, maintainability, safety, and integrity
### Response:
option 5: Reliability, availability, maintainability, safety, and integrity
explanation :To be suitable for automation in vertical domains, 5G systems need to come with system properties of reliability, availability, maintainability, safety, and integrity.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the format of the UE Radio Capability ID?
option 1: It includes a Vendor ID
option 2: It includes a Version ID
option 3: It includes both Vendor ID and Version ID
option 4: It does not include any IDs
### Response:
option 3: It includes both Vendor ID and Version ID
explanation :The UE Radio Capability ID format includes both a Vendor ID and a Version ID.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
Which feature in Rel-16 allows transmission of uplink data payload using preconfigured uplink resources?
option 1: UE-group wake-up signals (GWUS)
option 2: Mobile-terminated early data transmission (MT-EDT)
option 3: Support for Preconfigured uplink resources (PUR) in idle mode
option 4: Scheduling of multiple DL/UL transport blocks with single DCI
option 5: Presence of NRS on a non-anchor carrier for paging
### Response:
option 3: Support for Preconfigured uplink resources (PUR) in idle mode
explanation :The feature Support for Preconfigured uplink resources (PUR) in idle mode allows transmission of uplink data payload using preconfigured uplink resources.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of contention window adjustment procedures for UL transmissions?
option 1: To increase the contention window size for a specific priority class
option 2: To increase the contention window size for all priority classes
option 3: To decrease the contention window size for all priority classes
option 4: To adjust the contention window size for a specific priority class
option 5: To adjust the contention window size for all priority classes
### Response:
option 5: To adjust the contention window size for all priority classes
explanation :The purpose of contention window adjustment procedures for UL transmissions is to adjust the contention window size for all priority classes.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the release condition for SIPTO@LN PDN connection after handover with a stand-alone gateway?
option 1: The eNB triggers the release over the S5 interface
option 2: The MME sends a release command to the eNB
option 3: The collocated S-GW releases the connection
option 4: The UE initiates the release procedure
option 5: The SIPTO@LN PDN connection is not released after handover
### Response:
option 5: The SIPTO@LN PDN connection is not released after handover
explanation :In case of a handover with a stand-alone gateway, the SIPTO@LN PDN connection is not released after handover unless the source and target eNBs are in the same LHN (i.e. they have the same LHN ID).
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is EC-GSM-IoT?
option 1: An extended version of EGPRS
option 2: A new radio interface for Cellular IoT
option 3: A low-power version of GPRS/EGPRS
option 4: An enhanced version of GPRS
### Response:
option 1: An extended version of EGPRS
explanation :EC-GSM-IoT is an evolution of EGPRS, providing a streamlined protocol implementation with extended coverage and energy efficient operation.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What does the term 'user perception' refer to in the context of downlink parallel transfer of the same content via broadcast/multicast and/or unicast?
option 1: User satisfaction with the delivered content.
option 2: The difference in delay of typically less than 20 ms between receivers in a given area.
option 3: The quality level (i.e. video resolution) of broadcast/multicast content.
option 4: The capability of the UE to receive content via a broadcast/multicast radio carrier.
option 5: The availability of the broadcast/multicast service.
### Response:
option 2: The difference in delay of typically less than 20 ms between receivers in a given area.
explanation :'User perception' refers to the difference in delay of typically less than 20 ms between receivers in a given area when receiving the same content via broadcast/multicast and/or unicast.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What does the UE do if it receives an RRC message on DCCH or CCCH that does not include a mandatory field?
option 1: Ignore the message
option 2: Treat the list as if the entry including the missing or not comprehended field was absent
option 3: Consider the 'parent' field to be set to a not comprehended value
option 4: Apply the generic error handling to the subsequent 'parent' field(s)
### Response:
option 1: Ignore the message
explanation :The behavior of the UE when receiving an RRC message on DCCH or CCCH that does not include a mandatory field is unspecified.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
How does a UE determine the number of PSFCH resources available for multiplexing control information?
option 1: Based on sl-PSFCH-Occasion
option 2: Based on sl-PSFCH-Period
option 3: Based on sl-PSFCH-CandidateResourceType
option 4: Based on sl-NumMuxCS-Pair
### Response:
option 4: Based on sl-NumMuxCS-Pair
explanation :A UE determines the number of PSFCH resources available for multiplexing control information based on sl-NumMuxCS-Pair.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the purpose of the MARCOM feature?
option 1: To correct inconsistencies and clarify ambiguities
option 2: To enhance the performance of LTE in high-speed scenarios
option 3: To specify UE RRM requirements and demodulation requirements for high-speed train scenarios
option 4: To enable maritime communication services to be supported over 3GPP systems
option 5: To support the specific communication needs of railways
### Response:
option 4: To enable maritime communication services to be supported over 3GPP systems
explanation :The MARCOM feature introduces service requirements to enable maritime communication services to be supported over 3GPP systems.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the average cable loss per meter at 48.2 GHz?
option 1: 0.33 dB
option 2: 0.725 m
option 3: 6 dB
option 4: 43.5 GHz
### Response:
option 1: 0.33 dB
explanation :The average cable loss per meter at 48.2 GHz is 0.33 dB.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is required for SRS bandwidth aggregation from RRM perspective?
option 1: Different numerology for different carriers to be aggregated.
option 2: Same slot and symbol for SRS resources from different carriers to be aggregated.
option 3: Different TRP for SRS resources from different carriers to be aggregated.
option 4: Different Antenna Reference Point (ARP) for SRS resources from different carriers to be aggregated.
option 5: Different bandwidths for SRS resources from different carriers to be aggregated.
### Response:
option 2: Same slot and symbol for SRS resources from different carriers to be aggregated.
explanation :From RRM perspective, SRS resources to be aggregated from different carriers should be transmitted in the same slot and in the same symbols.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of N19-based traffic forwarding?
option 1: To forward UL/DL traffic for 5G VN communication
option 2: To handle unicast, broadcast, and multicast communication
option 3: To serve as a common PSA UPF for different PDU Sessions
option 4: To realize traffic routing for multiple SMF Sets
option 5: To establish user plane tunnels between different SMFs
### Response:
option 1: To forward UL/DL traffic for 5G VN communication
explanation :N19-based traffic forwarding is used to forward the UL/DL traffic for the communication of a 5G VN group between PSA UPFs of different PDU Sessions.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What can the NW configure for NES-capable UEs?
option 1: Priority of other UEs
option 2: Down-prioritization of other UEs
option 3: Specific NES cell(s) prioritization/down-prioritization on a specific frequency
option 4: Both option 1 and option 2
### Response:
option 3: Specific NES cell(s) prioritization/down-prioritization on a specific frequency
explanation :The NW can configure NES-capable UEs to prioritize/down-prioritize specific NES cell(s) on a specific frequency.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the polarization of a single polarized antenna?
option 1: Horizontal polarization
option 2: Vertical polarization
option 3: Circular polarization
option 4: Dual polarization
### Response:
option 2: Vertical polarization
explanation :The document mentions that a single polarized antenna is purely vertically polarized.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
In Rel-17, enhancements are made to several SEAL services. Which of the following is NOT an enhancement to SEAL services in Rel-17?
option 1: Support for external group Id and group fetch procedure
option 2: Support for management of 5G VN groups
option 3: Support for temporary groups in a VAL system
option 4: Support for enhanced Service Enabler Architecture Layer (SEAL)
option 5: Support for location criteria in group creation
### Response:
option 4: Support for enhanced Service Enabler Architecture Layer (SEAL)
explanation :The question is asking for the enhancement that is NOT made to SEAL services in Rel-17. Option 4, Support for enhanced Service Enabler Architecture Layer (SEAL), is incorrect because SEAL itself was already specified in Rel-16. The other options, options 1-3 and 5, are the enhancements made to SEAL services in Rel-17.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which interface provides non-guaranteed delivery of user plane PDUs between the NG-RAN node and the UPF?
option 1: NG-C interface
option 2: Xn-C interface
option 3: NG-U interface
option 4: Xn-U interface
option 5: NGAP interface
### Response:
option 3: NG-U interface
explanation :The NG-U interface provides non-guaranteed delivery of user plane PDUs between the NG-RAN node and the UPF.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which protocol sublayer is responsible for maintaining the PDCP sequence numbers?
option 1: MAC sublayer
option 2: RLC sublayer
option 3: PDCP sublayer
option 4: SDAP sublayer
### Response:
option 3: PDCP sublayer
explanation :The PDCP sublayer is responsible for maintaining the PDCP sequence numbers.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What problem can occur with the current paging procedures in 5G networks?
option 1: Handover failures
option 2: Coverage holes
option 3: Low UE throughput
option 4: Repeated paging attempts
option 5: Insufficient transmission power
### Response:
option 4: Repeated paging attempts
explanation :The current paging procedures in 5G networks can result in repeated paging attempts, leading to wastage of network resources.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the purpose of the Flow Based Charging (FBC) in 5G?
option 1: To enable roaming Qos Flow Based Charging
option 2: To enable flow-based QoS
option 3: To enable charging for network slicing
option 4: To enable charging for PDU session connectivity
option 5: None of the above
### Response:
option 4: To enable charging for PDU session connectivity
explanation :The purpose of the Flow Based Charging (FBC) in 5G is to enable charging for PDU session connectivity.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is TRS used for in TRS occasions?
option 1: To configure DRX parameters
option 2: To trigger PDCCH monitoring
option 3: To enable cross-slot scheduling
option 4: To track UE paging occasions
option 5: To indicate L1 availability
### Response:
option 4: To track UE paging occasions
explanation :TRS in TRS occasions is used for tracking UE paging occasions.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
In the NWDAF providing PDU Session traffic analytics, who requests or subscribes to the NWDAF?
option 1: ULF
option 2: SMF
option 3: PCF
option 4: UPF
### Response:
option 3: PCF
explanation :In the NWDAF providing PDU Session traffic analytics, the PCF (Policy Control Function) requests or subscribes to the NWDAF.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of UICC applications?
option 1: To provide security features
option 2: To host multiple applications
option 3: To access the IMS services
option 4: To store provisioning parameters
option 5: To address applications via the radio interface
### Response:
option 2: To host multiple applications
explanation :UICC applications are used to host multiple applications.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What message does the gNB-CU send to establish the UE context in the gNB-DU?
option 1: RRCReconfiguration
option 2: INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST
option 3: UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST
option 4: UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER
option 5: INITIAL UE MESSAGE
### Response:
option 3: UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST
explanation :The gNB-CU sends the UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to establish the UE context in the gNB-DU.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the Beam Peak Search Grid?
option 1: To calculate the CDF of the EIRP/EIS distribution in 3D
option 2: To determine the total power radiated by the DUT in the TX beam peak direction
option 3: To determine the TX and RX beam peak direction
option 4: To perform 3D EIRP scans for TX beam peak direction
option 5: To perform 3D Throughput/RSRP/EIS scans for RX beam peak direction
### Response:
option 3: To determine the TX and RX beam peak direction
explanation :The Beam Peak Search Grid is used to determine the TX and RX beam peak direction.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What does the feature Scheduling of multiple DL/UL transport blocks with single DCI allow?
option 1: Scheduling of multiple transport blocks in uplink
option 2: Scheduling of multiple transport blocks in downlink
option 3: HARQ bundling for uplink transmission
option 4: Reduced DCI overhead for contiguous UL/DL transmissions
option 5: All of the above
### Response:
option 5: All of the above
explanation :The feature Scheduling of multiple DL/UL transport blocks with single DCI allows scheduling of multiple transport blocks in both uplink and downlink, HARQ bundling for uplink transmission, and reduced DCI overhead for contiguous UL/DL transmissions.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
When does the gNB request the UE UTRA-FDD capabilities?
option 1: During NAS signalling
option 2: Before handover to UTRAN
option 3: When responding to the gNB
option 4: When the capabilities are the same
option 5: During NR capabilities request
### Response:
option 2: Before handover to UTRAN
explanation :The gNB always requests the UE UTRA-FDD capabilities before handover to UTRA-FDD.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What is the main role of the UTM (UAS Traffic Management) in the 3GPP network?
option 1: To manage UAS node authentication and credential information
option 2: To establish C2 communications between the UAV and the ground control station
option 3: To extend the coverage and capacity of the cellular network
option 4: To support local routing and proximity-based services
option 5: To minimize RF interference in the network
### Response:
option 1: To manage UAS node authentication and credential information
explanation :The UTM's main role in the 3GPP network is to manage UAS node authentication and credential information.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the main function of a Radio Network Controller (RNC)?
option 1: Control of one or more Node B
option 2: Communicating with Mobile Stations in a certain area
option 3: Serve one cell
option 4: Serve one or more UTRAN cells
option 5: Provide the E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE
### Response:
option 1: Control of one or more Node B
explanation :A Radio Network Controller (RNC) is a network component in the PLMN with the functions for control of one or more Node B.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
In online charging without reservation, what happens if the OCS rejects the resource usage request?
option 1: The NE disallows the resource usage.
option 2: The OCS initiates a refund for the original resource usage.
option 3: The NE returns the resource usage authorisation to the network element.
option 4: The network element executes the resource usage according to the user request and the OCS authorisation.
### Response:
option 1: The NE disallows the resource usage.
explanation :In the case of event based charging without reservation, if the OCS rejects the resource usage request, the NE disallows the resource usage.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
Which procedures are impacted by MUSIM according to TS 23.502 and TS 23.401?
option 1: Service Request
option 2: Registration / Attach / Tracking Area Update
option 3: N2 Paging / S1 Paging
option 4: All of the above
option 5: None of the above
### Response:
option 4: All of the above
explanation :The procedures impacted by MUSIM according to TS 23.502 and TS 23.401 are Service Request, Registration / Attach / Tracking Area Update, and N2 Paging / S1 Paging.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What control mechanism allows/prevents UEs from accessing the network based on their capabilities?
option 1: Access Class Barring
option 2: Service Specific Access Control
option 3: Control of UE Capabilities
option 4: Extended Access Barring
option 5: Application Specific Congestion Control for Data Communication
### Response:
option 3: Control of UE Capabilities
explanation :Control of UE Capabilities allows/prevents UEs from accessing the network based on their capabilities.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the work item on Enhanced LAA for LTE?
option 1: To enable operation of an LAA SCell on the UL in unlicensed spectrum
option 2: To support more than 1.04 million eNBs in a PLMN
option 3: To define the requirements and signaling support for a new UE category with a single receiver
option 4: To improve mobility and throughput performance under high speed scenarios
### Response:
option 1: To enable operation of an LAA SCell on the UL in unlicensed spectrum
explanation :The purpose of the work item on Enhanced LAA for LTE is to enable operation of an LAA SCell on the UL in unlicensed spectrum by specifying UL carrier aggregation for LAA SCell(s) including channel access mechanisms, core and RF requirements for base stations and UEs, and RRM requirements.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
What actions can a UE take based on the recommended bitrate from the eNB?
option 1: Perform CSFB
option 2: Perform SRVCC
option 3: Perform HARQ
option 4: Perform MU-MIMO
option 5: Initiate an end-to-end rate adaptation with the peer UE
### Response:
option 5: Initiate an end-to-end rate adaptation with the peer UE
explanation :Based on the recommended bitrate from the eNB, a UE may initiate an end-to-end rate adaptation with the peer UE.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of Discontinuous Reception (DRX) in idle mode?
option 1: To increase power consumption
option 2: To reduce power consumption
option 3: To increase data transfer rate
option 4: To reduce data transfer rate
option 5: To improve network coverage
### Response:
option 2: To reduce power consumption
explanation :DRX is used in idle mode to reduce power consumption by allowing the UE to periodically turn off its receiver and conserve energy.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What parameters are specified for MBS broadcast MTCH configurations?
option 1: SL-PreconfigGeneral-r16
option 2: SL-RoHC-Profiles-r16
option 3: SL-UE-SelectedPreConfig-r16
option 4: Parameters that are specified for MBS broadcast MTCH
### Response:
option 4: Parameters that are specified for MBS broadcast MTCH
explanation :Parameters that are specified for MBS broadcast MTCH configurations are the parameters specified for MBS broadcast MTCH.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
Which technology can be used for the connection between the Evolved ProSe Remote UE and the Evolved ProSe UE-to-Network Relay?
option 1: E-UTRA only
option 2: WLAN only
option 3: Both E-UTRA and WLAN
option 4: GSM and UMTS
### Response:
option 3: Both E-UTRA and WLAN
explanation :The connection between the Evolved ProSe Remote UE and the Evolved ProSe UE-to-Network Relay can use both E-UTRA and WLAN.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
When can a UE transmit new data in LTE if there is new data arrival?
option 1: Immediately in the same TTI (Transmission Time Interval)
option 2: In the next first (s)TTI of the transmission window
option 3: After waiting for a random time period
option 4: After waiting for a predefined number of TTIs
### Response:
option 2: In the next first (s)TTI of the transmission window
explanation :In LTE, a UE must wait for the next first (s)TTI of the transmission window before being able to transmit new data in case of new data arrival.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
When is a default DRB used?
option 1: When there is congestion in the network
option 2: When there is no matching mapping rule for an incoming UL packet
option 3: When there is an RRC configured mapping rule
option 4: When there is a reflective mapping rule
### Response:
option 2: When there is no matching mapping rule for an incoming UL packet
explanation :A default DRB is used when an incoming UL packet does not match any mapping rule.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
How do schedulers assign resources between UEs in MAC in gNB?
option 1: Based on radio conditions reported by the UE
option 2: Based on the maximum transmit power of the UE
option 3: Based on the UE buffer status and QoS requirements
option 4: Based on the UE's location in the network
### Response:
option 3: Based on the UE buffer status and QoS requirements
explanation :Schedulers in MAC in gNB assign resources between UEs based on their buffer status and QoS requirements.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What are the supported sidelink resource allocation modes?
option 1: Mode 1 and mode 2
option 2: Mode 1 and mode 3
option 3: Mode 2 and mode 4
option 4: Mode 2 and mode 5
option 5: Mode 3 and mode 4
### Response:
option 1: Mode 1 and mode 2
explanation :The two supported sidelink resource allocation modes are mode 1 and mode 2.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of Multimedia Priority Service Modifications?
option 1: To align TS 22.153 with Stage 2 and 3 capabilities for Multimedia Priority Services
option 2: To clarify and correct existing text and requirements in TS 22.153
option 3: To include missing capabilities in TS 22.153
option 4: All of the above
option 5: None of the above
### Response:
option 4: All of the above
explanation :The purpose of Multimedia Priority Service Modifications is to align TS 22.153 with Stage 2 and 3 capabilities, clarify and correct existing text and requirements, and include missing capabilities.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is invocation in the context of the LCS client?
option 1: An action to make the LCS feature available to a subscriber
option 2: An action taken by the service provider to remove an available LCS feature from a LCS Client’s subscription profile
option 3: An action to invoke the LCS feature
option 4: An action to bar the Location Service of a specific user
option 5: An action to remove a privacy class from a target UE’s PEL
### Response:
option 3: An action to invoke the LCS feature
explanation :Invocation in the context of the LCS client is the action to invoke the LCS feature, taken by the LCS Client or automatically by the LCS server as a result of a particular condition.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
How is the assistance information made available to the UE in UE-Assisted location services?
option 1: The assistance information is encrypted and delivered through point to point signalling
option 2: The assistance information is encrypted and continuously available in idle mode and during a call
option 3: The assistance information is decrypted and delivered through point to point signalling
option 4: The assistance information is decrypted and continuously available in idle mode and during a call
### Response:
option 2: The assistance information is encrypted and continuously available in idle mode and during a call
explanation :The assistance information may be available to the UE at all times, continuously in idle mode and during a call, without additional point to point signalling. If the assistance information is encrypted, a single common standardized encryption algorithm shall be used.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What mechanisms provide priority to QoS Flows established for sessions during periods of extreme overload?
option 1: (R)AN
option 2: SMF
option 3: AMF
option 4: UPF
option 5: PCF
### Response:
option 2: SMF
explanation :Congestion management procedures in the SMF provide priority to QoS Flows established for sessions during periods of extreme overload.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the SGNB ADDITION REQUEST message?
option 1: To stop the data transmission for the UE
option 2: To create a UE context
option 3: To release the UE context
option 4: To resume the SCG of the UE
option 5: To setup bearer context
### Response:
option 2: To create a UE context
explanation :The SGNB ADDITION REQUEST message is used to request the creation of a UE context.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards overview
How does a Multi-USIM UE modify the timing of paging occasions in 5GS?
option 1: By obtaining a new 5G-GUTI through a specific indication.
option 2: By triggering a new 5G-GUTI reallocation without any specific indication.
option 3: By requesting a 5G-GUTI reallocation from the network.
option 4: By providing an IMSI offset value in the Attach Request message.
option 5: By performing a MRU and obtaining a new 5G-GUTI.
### Response:
option 2: By triggering a new 5G-GUTI reallocation without any specific indication.
explanation :A Multi-USIM UE modifies the timing of paging occasions in 5GS by triggering a new 5G-GUTI reallocation without any specific indication.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
What is the purpose of the periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes?
option 1: To provide radio link quality measurements on the BWP of the serving cell.
option 2: To determine the set of RS indexes for monitoring PDCCH.
option 3: To indicate the TCI states for PDCCH monitoring.
option 4: To activate the MAC CE for failure detection.
### Response:
option 1: To provide radio link quality measurements on the BWP of the serving cell.
explanation :The periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes are used by the UE to perform radio link quality measurements on the BWP of the serving cell.
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### Instruction:
Choose the most appropriate option for the given question. Also provide an explanation.
Category :Standards specifications
How is the starting position of a bandwidth part defined?
option 1: offsetToCarrier in the SCS-SpecificCarrier IE
option 2: absoluteFrequencyPointA for all cases
option 3: txDirectCurrentLocation in the UplinkTxDirectCurrentBWP IE
option 4: offsetToPointA for a PCell downlink
### Response:
option 4: offsetToPointA for a PCell downlink
explanation :The starting position of a bandwidth part is defined by offsetToPointA for a PCell downlink.
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