question
stringlengths 13
215
| answer
stringlengths 2
3.15k
| id
int64 1
4.72k
| relevant_passage_ids
sequencelengths 1
157
|
|---|---|---|---|
What is the use of MammaPrint and Oncotype DX? | The MammaPrint and Oncotype DX assays are used to predict breast cancer recurrence risk and guide adjuvant chemotherapy decisions. | 1,518 | [
23337633,
22359236,
19101988,
21501481,
20587405,
23495982,
23573359,
23411384,
21479927,
23462680,
19585214,
21998967
] |
Which is the process that Conserved noncoding elements mostly regulate? | Conserved noncoding elements play a fundamental role in regulating animal development | 1,678 | [
19704032,
19492354,
16630819,
21175683,
21731768,
18056681,
19073165,
21478460,
18282512,
17096848,
18334644,
16533910,
23042552,
19698106,
17442748,
21629789,
18279518
] |
How is transcriptional elongation affected by nucleosome positioning? | In order to elongate their products, both DNA and RNA polymerases must be able to overcome the inhibition presented by chromatin. Nucleosome arrays inhibit both initiation and elongation of transcripts. | 3,477 | [
12596908,
8327500,
7756302,
1731087,
22885008,
7731795,
29212533,
20829883
] |
Which miRNA is targeted by SRY/Sox9? | The testis-specific circRNA, sex-determining region Y (Sry), serves as a miR-138 sponge, suggesting that miRNA sponge effects achieved by circRNA formation are a general phenomenon | 2,099 | [
23446346,
23389731,
25580223
] |
Where is the protein Bouncer located? | Bouncer is membrane bound. | 2,758 | [
11099133,
30190407
] |
Do chromatin features predict genes associated with eQTLs? | Yes, genomic proximity plus five TF and chromatin features are able to predict>90% of target genes within 1 megabase of eQTLs | 2,349 | [
23275551
] |
Are stretch enhancers transcribed more than super-enhancers? | No. Super-enhancers are transcriptionally more active and cell type-specific than stretch enhancers. | 3,503 | [
30169995
] |
Are there any urine biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis? | Bladder cancer is any of several types of malignancy arising from the epithelial lining of the urinary bladder. Rarely the bladder is involved by non-epithelial cancers, such as lymphoma or sarcoma. It is a disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder.The bladder is a hollow, muscular organ that stores urine; it is located in the pelvis. The most common type of bladder cancer recapitulates the normal histology of the urothelium and is known as transitional cell carcinoma or more properly urothelial cell carcinoma. It is estimated that there are 383,000 cases of bladder cancer worldwide | 677 | [
20657287,
24578952,
24306957,
23945108,
22888342,
18070176,
23094052,
23300915,
20082749,
22615872,
24183881,
22792272,
24281040,
19565266,
24140246,
22559832,
18923359,
22426337,
19181545,
15341676,
24139504,
23764080,
24212086,
20960509
] |
What is Mendelian randomization? | Instrumental variable analysis is an approach for obtaining causal inferences on the effect of an exposure (risk factor) on an outcome from observational data. It has gained in popularity over the past decade with the use of genetic variants as instrumental variables, known as Mendelian randomization. | 2,742 | [
27846416,
26282889
] |
What is amphiregulin a ligand of? | Amphiregulin (AREG) is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand. | 4,648 | [
34893673
] |
What is protein carbamylation? | Protein carbamylation is a post-translational modification that can occur in the presence of urea. In solution, urea is in equilibrium with ammonium cyanate, and carbamylation occurs when cyanate ions react with the amino groups of lysines, arginines, protein N-termini, as well as sulfhydryl groups of cysteines. Protein carbamylation is one of the important post-translational modifications, which plays a pivotal role in a number of biological conditions, such as diseases, chronic renal failure and atherosclerosis. | 631 | [
24324801,
23431074,
23335428,
23582087,
24900204,
24161613,
21838543,
17828273,
24056952,
25037561,
21235354,
24386107
] |
Is DNA methylation an epigenetic modification of chromatin related to gene expression? | Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation alter gene expression at the level of transcription by upregulating, downregulating, or silencing genes completely. | 994 | [
22359296,
25514241,
25512710,
22992936,
25531272,
25534027,
22078060,
22922032,
23604474,
25437055
] |